FN Thomson Reuters Web of Science™ VR 1.0 PT J AU Carreiras, M Baquero, S Rodriguez, E AF Carreiras, Manuel Baquero, Silvia Rodriguez, Esperanza TI Syllabic processing in visual word recognition in Alzheimer patients, elderly people, and young adults SO APHASIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE visual word recognition; syllabic processing; Alzheimer; neurodegeneration; dementia ID SEMANTIC MEMORY LOSS; SHORT-TERM-MEMORY; OLDER-ADULTS; NEIGHBORHOOD FREQUENCY; INHIBITORY CONTROL; LEXICAL DECISION; SENILE DEMENTIA; DISEASE; INDIVIDUALS; SPANISH AB Background: Over the last decade Carreiras and colleages have assembled compelling empirical evidence that the syllable plays an important role in the visual recognition of polysyllabic words in Spanish. One of the clearest demonstrations of this is the syllable frequency effect: Words with high-frequency syllables are responded to more slowly than words with low-frequency syllables. Another key finding is the syllable congruency effect that has been obtained using the masked priming technique: Word recognition is facilitated by primes that correspond to the first syllable, relative to primes that contain one letter more or less than the first syllable. Aims: The study aimed to investigate the syllable frequency effect and the syllable congruency effect in Alzheimer patients, elderly people, and young adults. The goal was to examine whether and to what extent syllabic processing is preserved or deteriorates with age and/or this disease. If structural components of language are to some extent preserved in Alzheimer's disease (AD) patients and in elderly people, they should show the syllable congruency effect. If AD patients and elderly people have a breakdown in the ability to inhibit partially activated information, the syllable frequency effect may well turn out to be different in these two groups as compared to the young adults. Methods & Procedures: Two experiments, one investigating the syllable frequency effect and the other the syllable congruency effect, were carried out with Alzheimer patients, elderly people, and young adults. In Experiment 1 we used the same materials and procedure used by Carreiras and Perea (2002) in their Experiment 4. In Experiment 2 we created new materials manipulating syllable frequency (high and low) and word frequency (high and low). AD patients, elderly people, and young controls participated in the two experiments. Outcomes & Results: The results showed syllable congruency effects, replicating previous findings. However, syllable frequency effects were different for the three groups. Predictably, young adults responded more slowly to words with high-frequency syllables than to words with low-frequency syllables. In contrast, Alzheimer patients and elderly people responded more slowly to words with low-frequency syllables than to words with high frequency syllables. Conclusions: In the context of activation models that take into account a syllabic level of representation, the present results suggest that the syllabic layer is preserved but the inhibitory process of competition between lexical candidates is impaired in Alzheimer patients and in elderly people. C1 [Carreiras, Manuel] Univ La Laguna, Dept Psicol Cognit, Tenerife 38205, Spain. [Baquero, Silvia; Rodriguez, Esperanza] Univ Nacl Colombia, Bogota, Colombia. RP Carreiras, M (reprint author), Univ La Laguna, Dept Psicol Cognit, Tenerife 38205, Spain. EM mcarreir@ull.es RI Carreiras, Manuel/D-5267-2009 OI Carreiras, Manuel/0000-0001-6726-7613 CR ALLEN PA, 1993, PSYCHOL AGING, V8, P274, DOI 10.1037//0882-7974.8.2.274 Alvarez CJ, 2001, J EXP PSYCHOL LEARN, V27, P545, DOI 10.1037//0278-7393.27.2.545 ALVAREZ CJ, 2004, LANG COGNITIVE PROC, V9, P427 Amieva HA, 2002, J CLIN EXP NEUROPSYC, V24, P503, DOI 10.1076/jcen.24.4.503.1034 Balota D. A., 2001, HDB NEUROPSYCHOLOGY, V6, P51, DOI DOI 10.1037/A0014888 BALOTA DA, 1991, BRAIN LANG, V40, P181, DOI 10.1016/0093-934X(91)90124-J Balota DA, 1996, NEUROPSYCHOLOGY, V10, P82, DOI 10.1037//0894-4105.10.1.82 BALOTA DA, 1993, J MEM LANG, V32, P573, DOI 10.1006/jmla.1993.1029 Barber H, 2004, NEUROREPORT, V15, P545, DOI 10.1097/01.wnr.0000111325.38420.80 Bayles K. A., 1987, COMMUNICATION COGNIT BAYLES KA, 1992, BRAIN LANG, V42, P454, DOI 10.1016/0093-934X(92)90079-T Bell EE, 2001, BRAIN LANG, V76, P130, DOI 10.1006/brln.2000.2416 Caramelli P, 1998, HDB NEUROLINGUISTICS, P463, DOI 10.1016/B978-012666055-5/50036-8 Carreiras M, 2002, J EXP PSYCHOL HUMAN, V28, P1228, DOI 10.1037//0096-1523.28.5.1228 CARREIRAS M, 1993, J MEM LANG, V32, P766, DOI 10.1006/jmla.1993.1038 Carreiras M, 2005, J COGNITIVE NEUROSCI, V17, P1803, DOI 10.1162/089892905774589217 Carreiras M, 2005, PSYCHOL SCI, V16, P585, DOI 10.1111/j.1467-9280.2005.01579.x CHERTKOW H, 1989, BRAIN LANG, V36, P420, DOI 10.1016/0093-934X(89)90078-3 CHERTKOW H, 1994, J CLIN EXP NEUROPSYC, V16, P608, DOI 10.1080/01688639408402672 CIPOLOTTI L, 1995, MEMORY, V3, P309, DOI 10.1080/09658219508253155 CONRAD M, 2008, LANG COGNITIVE PROC, V23, P1 Conrad M, 2004, LANG COGNITIVE PROC, V19, P369, DOI 10.1080/01690960344000224 Cuetos F, 2003, COGNITIVE BRAIN RES, V17, P549, DOI 10.1016/S0926-6410(03)00169-1 CUMMINGS JL, 1986, BRAIN LANG, V29, P315, DOI 10.1016/0093-934X(86)90051-9 Zacks Rose T., 1994, P241 Davis CJ, 2005, BEHAV RES METHODS, V37, P665, DOI 10.3758/BF03192738 Faust ME, 1997, BRAIN LANG, V57, P225, DOI 10.1006/brln.1997.1747 Ferrand L, 1996, J MEM LANG, V35, P708, DOI 10.1006/jmla.1996.0037 FOLSTEIN MF, 1975, J PSYCHIAT RES, V12, P189, DOI 10.1016/0022-3956(75)90026-6 FRIEDMAN RB, 1992, BRAIN LANG, V43, P400, DOI 10.1016/0093-934X(92)90109-R Giffard B, 2001, BRAIN, V124, P1522, DOI 10.1093/brain/124.8.1522 HARTMAN M, 1991, PSYCHOL AGING, V6, P587, DOI 10.1037/0882-7974.6.4.587 Hasher L., 1988, PSYCHOL LEARN MOTIV, V22, P193, DOI DOI 10.1016/S0079-7421(08)60041-9 Hasher L, 1999, GERONTOLOGY, V45, P355, DOI 10.1159/000022121 HODGES JR, 1992, NEUROPSYCHOLOGIA, V30, P301, DOI 10.1016/0028-3932(92)90104-T Jefferies E, 2004, NEUROPSYCHOLOGIA, V42, P639, DOI 10.1016/j.neuropsychologia.2003.10.002 Knott R, 1997, COGNITIVE NEUROPSYCH, V14, P1165, DOI 10.1080/026432997381303 Margolin DI, 1996, BRAIN LANG, V54, P275, DOI 10.1006/brln.1996.0076 Mathey S., 2002, CURRENT PSYCHOL LETT, V8, P107 May CP, 1999, PSYCHOL AGING, V14, P304, DOI 10.1037//0882-7974.14.2.304 MCKHANN G, 1984, NEUROLOGY, V34, P939 NEBES RD, 1992, NEUROPSYCHOLOGY MEMO, P233 NEBES RD, 1991, CORTEX, V27, P237 Nestor PJ, 2004, NAT MED, V10, pS34, DOI 10.1038/nm1433 Nicholas M, 1996, BRAIN LANG, V54, P184, DOI 10.1006/brln.1996.0070 Pallier C, 1997, BEHAV RES METH INS C, V29, P322, DOI 10.3758/BF03200583 Patterson K., 1994, NEUROPSYCHOLOGY, V8, P395, DOI 10.1037//0894-4105.8.3.395 PATTERSON K, 1994, J COGNITIVE NEUROSCI, V6, P57, DOI 10.1162/jocn.1994.6.1.57 Perea M, 1998, J EXP PSYCHOL HUMAN, V24, P767, DOI 10.1037/0096-1523.24.3.767 Perea M, 1998, J EXP PSYCHOL HUMAN, V24, P134, DOI 10.1037//0096-1523.24.1.134 RAPP BC, 1992, J MEM LANG, V31, P33, DOI 10.1016/0749-596X(92)90004-H REISBERG B, 1982, AM J PSYCHIAT, V139, P1136 Sebastian-Galles N., 2000, LEXESP BASE DATOS IN Spieler DH, 1996, J EXP PSYCHOL HUMAN, V22, P461, DOI 10.1037/0096-1523.22.2.461 SULLIVAN MP, 1995, NEUROPSYCHOLOGY, V9, P537, DOI 10.1037//0894-4105.9.4.537 Taylor JK, 2002, PSYCHOL AGING, V17, P662, DOI 10.1037//0882-7974.17.4.662 WOOLLAMS A, 2005, SD SQUARED ASS SEMAN NR 57 TC 4 Z9 4 PU PSYCHOLOGY PRESS PI HOVE PA 27 CHURCH RD, HOVE BN3 2FA, EAST SUSSEX, ENGLAND SN 0268-7038 J9 APHASIOLOGY JI Aphasiology PY 2008 VL 22 IS 11 BP 1176 EP 1190 DI 10.1080/02687030701820337 PG 15 WC Clinical Neurology SC Neurosciences & Neurology GA 360IT UT WOS:000260051900005 ER PT J AU Laganaro, M AF Laganaro, Marina TI Is there a syllable frequency effect in aphasia or in apraxia of speech or both? SO APHASIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Language production; Syllable frequency; Phonetic encoding; Phonological encoding; Aphasia; Apraxia of speech ID WORD; FRENCH; UNITS AB Background: The observation of a syllable frequency effect on production latencies in healthy speakers has been an argument in favour of stored syllables in speech production. In Levelt, Roelofs, and Meyer's (1999) model of speech production, syllabic representations are accessed during phonetic encoding. Neurolinguistic studies have provided convergent evidence of a syllable frequency effect on production accuracy in speakers with acquired language disorders. However, the observation that syllable frequency also affected production in aphasic speakers with a pre-phonetic impairment (conduction aphasia and Wernicke's aphasia) seems in contradiction to the phonetic locus of syllabic representations. Aims: We illustrate the points of convergences and divergences between psycholinguistic and neurolinguistic results on the locus of the syllable frequency effect and explore whether a syllable frequency effect is observed in apraxia of speech (AoS) and in conduction aphasia when participants are tested with the same material. Methods Procedures: Reading and repetition was elicited with monosyllabic words (Experiment A) and with bisyllabic pseudowords (Experiment B) composed of high- or low-frequency syllables. Three speakers with AoS and three speakers with conduction aphasia participated in each experiment. Outcomes Results: Both subgroups displayed a tendency for a syllable frequency effect on production accuracy. A significant effect of syllable frequency was observed in each experiment in a participant with AoS and in a participant with conduction aphasia. Conclusions: The data confirmed similar syllable frequency effects in speakers with AoS and in conduction aphasia when tested with the same eliciting material. We discuss these apparently contradictory observations and suggest an explanation for the origin of the syllable frequency effect in these two populations. C1 Univ Hosp Geneva, CH-1211 Geneva 14, Switzerland. RP Laganaro, M (reprint author), Univ Hosp Geneva, Av Beau Sejour 26, CH-1211 Geneva 14, Switzerland. EM marina.laganaro@hcuge.ch RI Laganaro, Marina/A-2842-2011 FU Swiss National Science Foundation [105312-108284] FX I wish to thank Lindsey Nickels and Manuel Carreiras for their meticulous review and helpful comments on a previous version of the manuscript. Research supported by Swiss National Science Foundation Grant No. 105312-108284. CR Aichert I, 2004, BRAIN LANG, V88, P148, DOI 10.1016/S0093-934X(03)00296-7 BLUMSTEIN S E, 1990, P33 BUTTERWORTH B, 1992, COGNITION, V42, P261, DOI 10.1016/0010-0277(92)90045-J Carreiras M, 2004, BRAIN LANG, V90, P393, DOI 10.1016/j.bandl.2003.12.003 Cholin J, 2006, COGNITION, V99, P205, DOI 10.1016/j.cognition.2005.01.009 Code C, 1998, CLIN LINGUIST PHONET, V12, P47, DOI 10.3109/02699209808985212 CONTENT A, 1990, ANN PSYCHOL, V90, P551 Darley F.L, 1975, MOTOR SPEECH DISORDE DELL GS, 1986, PSYCHOL REV, V93, P283, DOI 10.1037//0033-295X.93.3.283 Ferrand L, 1997, MEM COGNITION, V25, P458, DOI 10.3758/BF03201122 Ferrand L, 1996, J MEM LANG, V35, P708, DOI 10.1006/jmla.1996.0037 Forster KI, 2003, BEHAV RES METH INS C, V35, P116, DOI 10.3758/BF03195503 Frauenfelder Uli H., 2000, LANG SPEECH, V44, P409 HENDRICKS H, 1996, M PLANCK I PSYCHOLIN KOHN SE, 1994, APPL PSYCHOLINGUIST, V15, P75, DOI 10.1017/S0142716400006986 Laganaro M, 2006, J MEM LANG, V55, P178, DOI 10.1016/j.jml.2006.05.001 Laganaro M, 2005, J NEUROLINGUIST, V18, P221, DOI 10.1016/j.jneuroling.2004.12.001 Levelt W. J. M., 1994, COGNITION, V50, P289 Levelt WJM, 1999, BEHAV BRAIN SCI, V22, P1 Perea M, 1998, J EXP PSYCHOL HUMAN, V24, P134, DOI 10.1037//0096-1523.24.1.134 Perret C, 2006, EXP PSYCHOL, V53, P95, DOI 10.1027/1618-3169.53.2.95 SCHILLER NO, 2002, LAB PHONOLOGY, V7, P35 Schiller NO, 2000, J EXP PSYCHOL LEARN, V26, P512, DOI 10.1037//0278-7393.26.2.512 Shattuck-Hufnagel S., 1979, SENTENCE PROCESSING, P295 Staiger A, 2008, APHASIOLOGY, V22, P1201, DOI 10.1080/02687030701820584 Stenneken P, 2005, BRAIN LANG, V95, P221, DOI 10.1016/j.bandl.2005.07.114 Varley R, 2001, APHASIOLOGY, V15, P39 WHILSHIRE CE, 2002, BRAIN LANG, V84, P424 NR 28 TC 23 Z9 23 PU PSYCHOLOGY PRESS PI HOVE PA 27 CHURCH RD, HOVE BN3 2FA, EAST SUSSEX, ENGLAND SN 0268-7038 J9 APHASIOLOGY JI Aphasiology PY 2008 VL 22 IS 11 BP 1191 EP 1200 DI 10.1080/02687030701820469 PG 10 WC Clinical Neurology SC Neurosciences & Neurology GA 360IT UT WOS:000260051900006 ER PT J AU Staiger, A Ziegler, W AF Staiger, Anja Ziegler, Wolfram TI Syllable frequency and syllable structure in the spontaneous speech production of patients with apraxia of speech SO APHASIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Spontaneous speech production; Apraxia of speech; Syllable frequency; Syllable structure ID LANGUAGE PRODUCTION; APHASIA; ERRORS; COMPLEXITY; ACCURACY; PATTERNS; SPEAKERS; ACCESS AB Background: The sublexical factors syllable frequency and syllable structure are known to influence error rates in patients with apraxia of speech (e.g., Aichert Ziegler, 2004; Romani Galluzzi, 2005). To our knowledge, these factors have almost exclusively been examined by single-word production paradigms. However, performance on single-word tasks is not necessarily a good predictor of spontaneous speech production, since the generation of conversational speech involves specific conditions and additional demands. This might influence the weights of syllable frequency and syllable structure in explanations of the accuracy of speech production in apraxic speakers. Aims: Our aim was to determine if the spontaneous speech production of patients with apraxia of speech (AOS) is influenced by the factors syllable frequency and syllable structure. The two research questions that guided our investigation were: (1) Are the distribution properties of syllables in spontaneous speech different in patients with AOS compared to unimpaired speakers? (2) Do the factors syllable frequency and syllable structure affect articulatory accuracy in the spontaneous speech of patients with AOS? Methods & Procedures: Three patients with AOS and 15 neurologically unimpaired control persons produced samples of spontaneous speech with a minimum of 1000 syllables each. Structure and frequency counts were made on the basis of the German CELEX database. Outcomes & Results: The distribution properties of the spontaneous speech samples were similar in the apraxic speakers and the unimpaired controls. In all three patients the proportion of errors was significantly higher on low-than on high-frequency syllables. In two patients a significant effect even persisted when any confound with syllable structure was ruled out. Syllable structure effects were only found within the low-frequency syllables. Conclusions: Syllable frequency and syllable structure play a decisive role with respect to articulatory accuracy in the spontaneous speech production of patients with AOS. C1 [Staiger, Anja; Ziegler, Wolfram] EKN Clin Neuropsychol Res Grp, D-80992 Munich, Germany. RP Staiger, A (reprint author), EKN Clin Neuropsychol Res Grp, Dachauerstr 164, D-80992 Munich, Germany. EM anja.staiger@extern.lrz-muenchen.de FU DFG-German research council [ZI 469/10-2] FX The first author of this study was supported by a grant from the DFG-German research council (ZI 469/10-2). We would also like to thank the ReHa-Hilfe e. V. for their support. We are grateful to our colleagues from the Neuropsychological Clinic, Munich-Bogenhausen Hospital, Munich, and to the staff from the speech therapy departments at the Rehabilitation Hospitals Bad Heilbrunn and Bad Aibling for their collaboration on clinical issues. We would also like to express our gratitude to all participants. CR Aichert I, 2004, BRAIN LANG, V88, P148, DOI 10.1016/S0093-934X(03)00296-7 Aichert I, 2008, APHASIOLOGY, V22, P1216, DOI 10.1080/02687030701820303 AICHERT I, COMPUTER PROGR UNPUB Baayen R. H., 1995, CELEX LEXICAL DATABA Brendel B., 2003, HIERARCHISCHE WORTLI TROST JE, 1974, BRAIN LANG, V1, P63, DOI 10.1016/0093-934X(74)90026-1 CANTER GJ, 1985, BRAIN LANG, V24, P204, DOI 10.1016/0093-934X(85)90131-2 Carreiras M, 2004, BRAIN LANG, V90, P393, DOI 10.1016/j.bandl.2003.12.003 Cholin J, 2008, APHASIOLOGY, V22, P1127, DOI 10.1080/02687030701820352 Cholin J, 2006, COGNITION, V99, P205, DOI 10.1016/j.cognition.2005.01.009 CLEMENTS GN, 1983, CV PHONOLOGY GENERAT Code C, 1998, CLIN LINGUIST PHONET, V12, P47, DOI 10.3109/02699209808985212 Dabul B, 2000, APRAXIA BATTERY ADUL, V2nd Darley F.L, 1975, MOTOR SPEECH DISORDE Edmonds LA, 2004, APHASIOLOGY, V18, P1121, DOI 10.1080/02687030444000561 Huber W., 1983, AACHENER APHASIE TES Itoh M., 1984, APRAXIA SPEECH PHYSL, P135 KOHLER KJ, 2001, AIPUK 35 SOUND PATTE, P1 KOHLER KJ, 1990, NATO ADV SCI I D-BEH, V55, P69 KOHN SE, 1990, COGNITIVE NEUROPSYCH, V7, P133, DOI 10.1080/02643299008253440 Laganaro M, 2006, J MEM LANG, V55, P178, DOI 10.1016/j.jml.2006.05.001 Laganaro M, 2008, APHASIOLOGY, V22, P1191, DOI 10.1080/02687030701820469 Laganaro M, 2005, J NEUROLINGUIST, V18, P221, DOI 10.1016/j.jneuroling.2004.12.001 LAPOINTE LL, 1975, J COMMUN DISORD, V8, P259, DOI 10.1016/0021-9924(75)90018-0 LEVELT WJM, 1994, COGNITION, V50, P239, DOI 10.1016/0010-0277(94)90030-2 Levelt WJM, 1999, BEHAV BRAIN SCI, V22, P1 McNeil MR, 2004, SPEECH MOTOR CONTROL, P389 Nespoulous J L, 1984, Adv Neurol, V42, P203 NICKELS L, 2000, ASPECTS LANGUAGE PRO, P115 Nickels L, 2004, COGN NEUROPSYCHOL, V21, P57, DOI 10.1080/02643290342000122 ODELL K, 1990, J SPEECH HEAR DISORD, V55, P345 Romani C, 2005, COGN NEUROPSYCHOL, V22, P817, DOI 10.1080/02643290442000365 Romani C, 1998, BRAIN LANG, V64, P83, DOI 10.1006/brln.1998.1958 Rosenbek J., 1984, APRAXIA SPEECH PHYSL, P1 SCHILLER NO, 1997, MPI SERIES PSYCHOLIN SHATTUCKHUFNAGEL S, 1992, COGNITION, V42, P213, DOI 10.1016/0010-0277(92)90044-I STEMBERGER JP, 1986, J MEM LANG, V25, P163, DOI 10.1016/0749-596X(86)90027-6 STEMBERGER JP, 1990, COGNITION, V35, P123, DOI 10.1016/0010-0277(90)90012-9 STEMBERGER JP, 1991, J MEM LANG, V30, P161, DOI 10.1016/0749-596X(91)90002-2 Varley R, 2001, APHASIOLOGY, V15, P39 Wertz RT, 1984, APRAXIA SPEECH ADULT Ziegler W., 2005, NEUROLINGUISTIK, V19, P5 Ziegler Wolfram, 2002, Seminars in Speech and Language, V23, P231, DOI 10.1055/s-2002-35798 NR 43 TC 29 Z9 29 PU PSYCHOLOGY PRESS PI HOVE PA 27 CHURCH RD, HOVE BN3 2FA, EAST SUSSEX, ENGLAND SN 0268-7038 J9 APHASIOLOGY JI Aphasiology PY 2008 VL 22 IS 11 BP 1201 EP 1215 DI 10.1080/02687030701820584 PG 15 WC Clinical Neurology SC Neurosciences & Neurology GA 360IT UT WOS:000260051900007 ER PT J AU Aichert, I Ziegler, W AF Aichert, Ingrid Ziegler, Wolfram TI Learning a syllable from its parts: Cross-syllabic generalisation effects in patients with apraxia of speech SO APHASIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Apraxia of speech; Syllable; Motor learning; Generalisation ID LEXICAL ACCESS; FREQUENCY; SPEAKERS; PATTERNS AB Background: The impairment underlying apraxia of speech (AOS) is usually attributed to the phonetic encoding stage of the speech production process, where speech motor programs are accessed (e.g., Code, 1998). At this processing stage, Levelt, Roelofs, and Meyer (1999) postulate a store of motor patterns for frequently used syllables (syllabary). These syllable gestures are assumed to be holistically represented. However, the fact that syllable structure influences the error mechanism of AOS is in conflict with the assumption of holistic syllable gestures. Aims: This study examined the assumption of holistic syllable-sized motor programs in apraxia of speech by a learning paradigm. We investigated if training of phonologically simple syllables, which were derived from more complex target syllables, showed a generalisation effect on these target syllables. If the assumption of holistic syllable programs is appropriate, no generalisation effects are expected. Methods & Procedures: A learning experiment was conducted with four patients with AOS. For each of 24 complex target syllables a set of 15 training syllables was derived by deleting one or two of the onset and/or coda consonants or by assimilating consonantal features. The learning trials comprised repetitions of the training syllables, block-wise for each target syllable. To assess generalisation effects, segmental errors and disfluencies were counted and syllable durations were measured before and immediately after training, for the target syllables as well as for matched control syllables. Outcomes & Results: In the patients as a group, the training resulted in significant and specific improvements on the complex target syllables. The strongest effect was found in RK, a patient with pure AOS. This patient additionally exhibited a significant reduction of target but not of control syllable durations. Conclusions: In this learning study, patients with apraxia of speech showed specific generalisation effects from phonologically simple syllables to more complex syllables. These effects cannot be explained by the assumption of holistically stored syllable programs (Levelt et al., 1999). In contrast, the results suggest that syllabic motor programs comprise an internal phonological structure. C1 [Aichert, Ingrid; Ziegler, Wolfram] City Hosp Bogenhausen, Munich, Germany. RP Aichert, I (reprint author), EKN Clin Neuropsychol Res Grp, Dachauer Str 164, D-80992 Munich, Germany. EM ingrid.aichert@extern.lrz-muenchen.de FU German research foundation [Zi 469/6-2] FX The first author of this study was supported by a grant from the German research foundation (Zi 469/6-2). We are grateful to the patients for their participation. We would also like to thank the speech therapists from the following clinical institutions for their participation and collaboration on clinical issues: Neuropsychological Department/City Hospital Munchen-Bogenhausen, Neurological Clinic Bad Aibling, Rehabilitation Hospital Lenggries, Speech Pathology Practice Seith/Munchen. ReHa-Hilfe e. V. is acknowledged for continuing support. CR Aichert I, 2004, BRAIN LANG, V88, P148, DOI 10.1016/S0093-934X(03)00296-7 AICHERT I, 2007, GERMAN DATABAS UNPUB Baayen R. H., 1995, CELEX LEXICAL DATABA Ballard KJ, 1999, J SPEECH LANG HEAR R, V42, P690 Bose A, 2001, APHASIOLOGY, V15, P767, DOI 10.1080/02687040143000186 Brendel B, 2008, APHASIOLOGY, V22, P77, DOI 10.1080/02687030600965464 CANTER GJ, 1985, BRAIN LANG, V24, P204, DOI 10.1016/0093-934X(85)90131-2 Cholin J, 2006, COGNITION, V99, P205, DOI 10.1016/j.cognition.2005.01.009 Code C, 1998, CLIN LINGUIST PHONET, V12, P47, DOI 10.3109/02699209808985212 Crompton A., 1982, SLIPS TONGUE LANGUAG, P109 Croot Karen, 2002, Seminars in Speech and Language, V23, P267, DOI 10.1055/s-2002-35800 DABUL B, 1976, J SPEECH HEAR DISORD, V41, P268 De Bleser B., 2004, LEMO LEXIKON MODELLO Freed DB, 1997, APHASIOLOGY, V11, P365, DOI 10.1080/02687039708248477 HUBER W, 1983, AACHENER APASIE TEST LEVELT WJM, 1994, COGNITION, V50, P239, DOI 10.1016/0010-0277(94)90030-2 Levelt WJM, 2001, P NATL ACAD SCI USA, V98, P13464, DOI 10.1073/pnas.231459498 Levelt WJM, 1999, BEHAV BRAIN SCI, V22, P1 LINDBLOM B., 1983, PRODUCTION SPEECH, P217 Maas E., 2002, APHASIOLOGY, V6, P609, DOI 10.1080/02687030244000266 MacNeilage PF, 2000, CHILD DEV, V71, P153, DOI 10.1111/1467-8624.00129 McNeil MR, 1997, CLIN MANAGEMENT SENS, P311 MILLER N, 2000, ACQUIRED NEUROGENIC, P173 NICKELS L, 2000, ASPECTS LANGUAGE PRO, P115 ODELL K, 1990, J SPEECH HEAR DISORD, V55, P345 Odell Katharine H., 2002, Seminars in Speech and Language, V23, P309, DOI 10.1055/s-2002-35803 Roelofs A, 1997, LANG COGNITIVE PROC, V12, P657, DOI 10.1080/016909697386655 Romani C, 2005, COGN NEUROPSYCHOL, V22, P817, DOI 10.1080/02643290442000365 Staiger A, 2008, APHASIOLOGY, V22, P1201, DOI 10.1080/02687030701820584 Thompson CK, 1998, J INT NEUROPSYCH SOC, V4, P661 Wambaugh JL, 1998, APHASIOLOGY, V12, P731, DOI 10.1080/02687039808249569 ZIEGLER W, 2007, HDB CLIN NEUROLOGY Ziegler Wolfram, 2002, Seminars in Speech and Language, V23, P231, DOI 10.1055/s-2002-35798 Ziegler W, 2005, COGN NEUROPSYCHOL, V22, P603, DOI 10.1080/02643290442000211 NR 34 TC 15 Z9 15 PU PSYCHOLOGY PRESS PI HOVE PA 27 CHURCH RD, HOVE BN3 2FA, EAST SUSSEX, ENGLAND SN 0268-7038 J9 APHASIOLOGY JI Aphasiology PY 2008 VL 22 IS 11 BP 1216 EP 1229 DI 10.1080/02687030701820303 PG 14 WC Clinical Neurology SC Neurosciences & Neurology GA 360IT UT WOS:000260051900008 ER PT J AU Ziegler, W Thelen, AK Staiger, A Liepold, M AF Ziegler, Wolfram Thelen, Anne-Kathrin Staiger, Anja Liepold, Michaela TI The domain of phonetic encoding in apraxia of speech: Which sub-lexical units count? SO APHASIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Apraxia of speech; Phonemic error; Syllable; Metrical foot; Phonetic encoding AB Background: Apraxia of speech (AOS) is generally viewed as a disorder of phonetic encoding. According to current theories, the phonetic encoding process is considered to be based on linear strings of holistic speech motor representations of the size of sub-lexical units (e.g., phonemes or syllables). This type of model predicts that error rate in apraxia of speech is proportional to the number of phonetic encoding units in an utterance and is not systematically influenced by structural factors originating above or below the level of the critical unit. Aims: In the present study we tested this prediction for five models based on different units of phonetic encoding. Methods and Procedures: Ten patients with AOS were examined with a list of words of varying phonological complexity. Phoneme errors in word repetition were counted in different ways, according to five models postulating different domains of phonetic encoding. Linear regression analyses were used to examine the scores obtained for these models for influences of structural factors. Outcomes Results: No sublexical unit could be identified that was not systematically influenced by one of the structural factors describing the materials. Major influencing factors were (1) the complexity of syllable constituents and (2) the number of metrical feet in a word. Conclusions: A model of phonetic encoding in apraxia of speech is proposed that is based on a hierarchy of structural relationships rather than on linearly ordered, holistic programming units. This model may also contain clues for a theory of normal processing mechanisms. C1 [Ziegler, Wolfram; Thelen, Anne-Kathrin; Staiger, Anja; Liepold, Michaela] City Hosp Bogenhausen, Munich, Germany. RP Ziegler, W (reprint author), EKN Clin Neuropsychol Res Grp, Dachauerstr 164, D-80992 Munich, Germany. EM wolfram.ziegler@extern.lrz-muenchen.de FU German research foundation [ZI 469/10-2] FX This study was supported by a grant from the German research foundation (DFG; ZI 469/10-2). We would like to thank ReHa-Hilfe e. V. for additional support. We are also grateful to our colleagues from the Neuropsychological Clinic, Bogenhausen Hospital, Munchen, for their collaboration on clinical issues, and to Katrin Lindner and Patrizia Noel for discussions of phonological issues. Moreover, we would like to express our gratitude to the participants of this study. CR Aichert I, 2004, BRAIN LANG, V88, P148, DOI 10.1016/S0093-934X(03)00296-7 Aichert I, 2008, APHASIOLOGY, V22, P1216, DOI 10.1080/02687030701820303 Baayen R. H., 1995, CELEX LEXICAL DATABA Brendel B., 2003, HIERARCHISCHE WORTLI Browman CP, 1997, INT CONGR SER, V1146, P57 Cholin J, 2008, APHASIOLOGY, V22, P1127, DOI 10.1080/02687030701820352 Code C, 1998, CLIN LINGUIST PHONET, V12, P47, DOI 10.3109/02699209808985212 Croot Karen, 2002, Seminars in Speech and Language, V23, P267, DOI 10.1055/s-2002-35800 Goldsmith J., 1990, AUTOSEGMENTAL METRIC HUBER W, 1983, AACHENER APASIE TEST Janssen U, 2008, APHASIOLOGY, V22, P1157, DOI 10.1080/02687030701820436 Krakow R. A., 1999, J PHONETICS, V27, P33 Levelt W. J., 1999, BEHAV BRAIN SCI, V22, P38 Staiger A, 2008, APHASIOLOGY, V22, P1201, DOI 10.1080/02687030701820584 STEVENS KN, 1989, J PHONETICS, V17, P3 THELEN AK, 2007, THESIS I DTSCH PHILO Varley R, 2001, APHASIOLOGY, V15, P39 Varley R, 1999, J MED SPEECH-LANG PA, V7, P127 Vennemann Th, 1988, PREFERENCE LAWS SYLL Wertz RT, 1984, APRAXIA SPEECH ADULT ZIEGLER W, 2002, NEUROLINGUISTIK, V16, P5 Ziegler Wolfram, 2002, Seminars in Speech and Language, V23, P231, DOI 10.1055/s-2002-35798 Ziegler W, 2005, COGN NEUROPSYCHOL, V22, P603, DOI 10.1080/02643290442000211 NR 23 TC 9 Z9 9 PU PSYCHOLOGY PRESS PI HOVE PA 27 CHURCH RD, HOVE BN3 2FA, EAST SUSSEX, ENGLAND SN 0268-7038 J9 APHASIOLOGY JI Aphasiology PY 2008 VL 22 IS 11 BP 1230 EP 1247 DI 10.1080/02687030701820402 PG 18 WC Clinical Neurology SC Neurosciences & Neurology GA 360IT UT WOS:000260051900009 ER PT J AU Meinzer, M Breitenstein, C AF Meinzer, Marcus Breitenstein, Caterina TI Functional imaging studies of treatment-induced recovery in chronic aphasia SO APHASIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID LANGUAGE THERAPY; FRONTAL-CORTEX; POSTSTROKE APHASIA; ANTERIOR CINGULATE; NONFLUENT APHASIA; ANOMIA TREATMENT; WORD RETRIEVAL; ACTIVATION; STROKE; FMRI AB Background: The reacquisition of language after stroke may profit from intense training with several hours of language exercises provided on each training day, especially in the chronic stage. Despite the general effectiveness of this, few studies to date have examined which brain regions mediate successful language recovery as a result of intense training. This knowledge is particularly important because the necessity of several hours of language exercises each day draws a considerable amount of (a) attentional and cognitive resources from the patients and (b) financial and personnel resources from the health system. Aims: Not all aphasia patients may be equally suited for intense training approaches. Functional imaging studies of treatment-induced recovery in chronic aphasia may provide answers to this question and may allow the target-oriented allocation of aphasia patients to (intense) training in the future. In the following sections we will provide a comprehensive review of functional imaging studies that employed intervention paradigms to explore the reacquisition of language functions in chronic aphasia. Main Contribution: A total of 13 studies have been published so far, including a total of 57 chronic aphasia patients. Most of these studies comprised case reports (N=1-3 patients), which preclude generalisation of the results. To date, only three group studies (N=10/11/16) have been accomplished. The majority of studies reported treatment-induced changes of activity in both hemispheres, indicating that both perilesional as well as right (frontal) brain regions mediate intense training success. As 10 of the studies reviewed were concerned with the remediation of word-retrieval difficulties, little is known of how treatment impacts on other aspects of impaired language functions like reading, comprehension, or syntactic processing. Furthermore, only immediate training effects were examined, and brain regions related to the long-term retention of treatment effects may be different. Conclusions: More methodologically sound group studies are required to determine the neural correlates of treatment-induced recovery in the chronic stage of aphasia. Supplemented by other imaging techniques, this knowledge may eventually contribute to the target-oriented allocation of treatment resources in aphasia patients and may increase treatment efficiency. C1 [Meinzer, Marcus] Univ Florida, Dept Clin & Hlth Psychol, Gainesville, FL 32608 USA. [Meinzer, Marcus; Breitenstein, Caterina] Univ Munster, D-4400 Munster, Germany. RP Meinzer, M (reprint author), Univ Florida, Dept Clin & Hlth Psychol, 1601 Archer Rd, Gainesville, FL 32608 USA. EM mmeinzer@ufl.edu RI Meinzer, Marcus/I-3943-2013 FU German BMBF-Research Consortium [01GW0520]; German Volkswagen Stiftung [Az.: I/80 708]; Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG) [ME 3161/2-1] FX This work was supported by the German BMBF-Research Consortium: Dopaminergic learning enhancement (01GW0520) and the German Volkswagen Stiftung (Az.: I/80 708). MM was supported by a grant of the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG, ME 3161/2-1). CR Abel S, 2005, APHASIOLOGY, V19, P831, DOI 10.1080/02687030500268902 Barch DM, 2000, J COGNITIVE NEUROSCI, V12, P298, DOI 10.1162/089892900562110 Barthel G, 2008, APHASIOLOGY, V22, P408, DOI 10.1080/02687030701415880 Belin P, 1996, NEUROLOGY, V47, P1504 Blasi V, 2002, NEURON, V36, P159, DOI 10.1016/S0896-6273(02)00936-4 BLOMERT L, 1994, APHASIOLOGY, V8, P381, DOI 10.1080/02687039408248666 Breitenstein C, 2005, NEUROIMAGE, V25, P958, DOI 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2004.12.019 Cabeza R, 2002, PSYCHOL AGING, V17, P85, DOI 10.1037//0882-7974.17.1.85 Calhoun VD, 2008, HUM BRAIN MAPP, V29, P828, DOI 10.1002/hbm.20581 Cao Y, 1999, STROKE, V30, P2331 Cherney LR, 2006, J INT NEUROPSYCH SOC, V12, P828, DOI 10.1017/S1355617706061017 Crinion J, 2005, BRAIN, V128, P2858, DOI 10.1093/brain/awh659 Crinion JT, 2007, CURR OPIN NEUROL, V20, P667 Crosson B, 2005, J COGNITIVE NEUROSCI, V17, P392, DOI 10.1162/0898929053279487 Crosson B, 2001, J COGNITIVE NEUROSCI, V13, P272, DOI 10.1162/089892901564225 Crosson B, 2007, NEUROPSYCHOL REV, V17, P157, DOI 10.1007/s11065-007-9024-z Crosson B, 2003, J INT NEUROPSYCH SOC, V9, P1061, DOI 10.1017/S135561770397010X Fridriksson J, 2006, NEUROIMAGE, V32, P1403, DOI 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2006.04.194 Fridriksson J, 2007, NEUROPSYCHOLOGIA, V45, P1812, DOI 10.1016/j.neuropsychologia.2006.12.017 GOLDENBERG G, 1994, BRAIN LANG, V47, P684, DOI 10.1006/brln.1994.1063 Heiss WD, 1997, J NEUROL SCI, V145, P213, DOI 10.1016/S0022-510X(96)00252-3 Heiss WD, 2006, BRAIN LANG, V98, P118, DOI 10.1016/j.bandl.2006.02.002 Hillis AE, 2002, APHASIOLOGY, V16, P885, DOI 10.1080/0268703 Howard D, 1984, Adv Neurol, V42, P263 Huber H., 1983, AACHENER APHASIE TES Kerns JG, 2004, SCIENCE, V303, P1023, DOI 10.1126/science.1089910 KOHN SE, 1985, BRAIN LANG, V24, P266, DOI 10.1016/0093-934X(85)90135-X Lee A, 2006, NEUROPSYCHOL REV, V16, P171, DOI 10.1007/S11065-006-9014-6 Leger A, 2002, NEUROIMAGE, V17, P174, DOI 10.1006/nimg.2002.1238 Meinzer Marcus, 2004, BMC Biol, V2, P20, DOI 10.1186/1741-7007-2-20 Meinzer M, 2007, J INT NEUROPSYCH SOC, V13, P846, DOI 10.1017/S1355617707071111 Meinzer M, 2005, STROKE, V36, P1462, DOI 10.1161/01.STR.0000169941.29831.2a Meinzer M, 2006, BMC NEUROL, V6, DOI 10.1186/1471-2377-6-28 Meinzer M, 2007, NEUROPSYCHOLOGIA, V45, P1247, DOI 10.1016/j.neuropsychologia.2006.10.003 Meinzer M, 2008, NEUROIMAGE, V39, P2038, DOI 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2007.10.008 Musso M, 1999, BRAIN, V122, P1781, DOI 10.1093/brain/122.9.1781 Naeser MA, 2005, BRAIN LANG, V93, P95, DOI 10.1016/j.bandl.2004.08.004 Nickels L, 2002, APHASIOLOGY, V16, P935, DOI 10.1080/02687030244000563 Peck KK, 2004, STROKE, V35, P554, DOI 10.1161/01.STR.0000110983.50753.9D Perani D, 2003, BRAIN LANG, V85, P357, DOI 10.1016/S0093-934X(02)00561-8 POECK K, 1989, J SPEECH HEAR DISORD, V54, P471 Poldrack RA, 2006, TRENDS COGN SCI, V10, P59, DOI 10.1016/j.tics.2005.12.004 Price CJ, 2005, CURR OPIN NEUROL, V18, P429, DOI 10.1097/01.wco.0000168081.76859.c1 Pulvermuller F, 2001, STROKE, V32, P1621 Raboyeau G, 2008, NEUROLOGY, V70, P290, DOI 10.1212/01.wnl.0000287115.85956.87 Richter M, 2008, BRAIN, V131, P1391, DOI 10.1093/brain/awn043 Rosen HJ, 2000, NEUROLOGY, V55, P1883 Saur D, 2006, BRAIN, V129, P1371, DOI 10.1093/brain/awl090 Squire LR, 2004, ANNU REV NEUROSCI, V27, P279, DOI 10.1146/annurev.neuro.27.070203.144130 Vitali P, 2007, NEUROREHAB NEURAL RE, V21, P152, DOI 10.1177/1545968306294735 Warburton E, 1999, J NEUROL NEUROSUR PS, V66, P155, DOI 10.1136/jnnp.66.2.155 WEILLER C, 1995, ANN NEUROL, V37, P723, DOI 10.1002/ana.410370605 Wierenga CE, 2006, J INT NEUROPSYCH SOC, V12, P132, DOI 10.1017/S135561770606019X Winhuisen L, 2007, STROKE, V38, P1286, DOI 10.1161/01.STR.0000259632.04324.6c Zahn R, 2004, COGNITIVE BRAIN RES, V18, P322, DOI 10.1016/j.cogbrainres.2003.10.021 NR 55 TC 24 Z9 24 PU PSYCHOLOGY PRESS PI HOVE PA 27 CHURCH RD, HOVE BN3 2FA, EAST SUSSEX, ENGLAND SN 0268-7038 J9 APHASIOLOGY JI Aphasiology PY 2008 VL 22 IS 12 BP 1251 EP 1268 DI 10.1080/02687030802367998 PG 18 WC Clinical Neurology SC Neurosciences & Neurology GA 368GG UT WOS:000260609000001 ER PT J AU Rautakoski, P Korpijaakko-Huuhka, AM Klippi, A AF Rautakoski, Pirkko Korpijaakko-Huuhka, Anna-Maija Klippi, Anu TI People with severe and moderate aphasia and their partners as estimators of communicative skills: A client-centred evaluation SO APHASIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Aphasia; Significant others; AAC; Self-assessment; Functional communication; Social model of disability ID QUALITY-OF-LIFE; FUNCTIONAL COMMUNICATION; SUPPORTED CONVERSATION; ADULT APHASIA; STROKE; PARTICIPATION; IMPAIRMENT; VALIDATION; VOLUNTEERS; RELATIVES AB Background: According to the philosophy of the social model of disability, clients are the best estimators of their own life situation. Eliciting the experiences of people with severe aphasia is demanding because of their language and possible other cognitive problems. They are therefore usually excluded from the studies. However, there is evidence that modified assessment tools are accessible for them and help them to give self-reports. Aims: The aim of the present study was to ascertain how people with aphasia evaluate their own communicative skills during rehabilitation by means of modified assessment tools. In addition, their answers were compared with the estimations of their significant others or other partners. Methods Procedures: The data were collected during regular rehabilitation courses, which were carried out in two parts (8+4 days) with 3 months in between. Participants were 35 respondents with aphasia, aged 26 to 65 years, and 35 of their significant others or other partners, aged 29 to 71 years. The study was completed according to an initial, interim, and delayed post-test questionnaire design. Two measures were used: the Finnish version of the Communicative Effectiveness Index (CETI) (Lomas et al., 1989) and an investigator-constructed questionnaire, the Use of Different Communication Methods (UDCM). The questionnaires for the people with aphasia were made more accessible by pictures. Outcomes Results: The self-assessments of the participants with aphasia indicated that their functional communication skills did not change, but that the use of different communication methods improved slightly during the intervention. The significant others' and other partners' estimations showed that their communication skills improved significantly. Ratings of the two groups in functional communication skills differed significantly from each other before the intervention but thereafter the estimates correlated. There were no significant differences in the ratings of the use of different communication methods at any phase of the follow-up study. However, the ratings correlated significantly only at the last assessment. Conclusions: The results of the present study indicate that people with severe and moderate aphasia are able to assess their communication skills with modified, aphasia-friendly self-assessment tools. The results also indicate that people with aphasia and their partners perceive the communicative skills quite similarly, especially after the intervention has begun. The use of accessible measures enables people with severe aphasia to participate in the evaluation of therapy outcomes, as suggested by the philosophies of the social model of rehabilitation. C1 [Rautakoski, Pirkko] Abo Akad Univ, FIN-20500 Turku, Finland. [Korpijaakko-Huuhka, Anna-Maija] Univ Tampere, FIN-33101 Tampere, Finland. [Klippi, Anu] Univ Helsinki, FIN-00014 Helsinki, Finland. RP Rautakoski, P (reprint author), Abo Akad Univ, FIN-20500 Turku, Finland. EM pirkko.rautakoski@abo.fi FU Finnish Cultural Foundation FX This study was supported by grants from the Finnish Cultural Foundation. We also thank those with aphasia and their significant others and other partners who participated in this study, and the Finnish Stroke and Dysphasia Association. CR Aftonomos LB, 2001, APHASIOLOGY, V15, P951 Booth S, 1999, INT J LANG COMM DIS, V34, P291, DOI 10.1080/136828299247423 Brennan AD, 2005, APHASIOLOGY, V19, P693, DOI 10.1080/02687030444000958 Brumfitt SM, 1999, BRIT J CLIN PSYCHOL, V38, P387, DOI 10.1348/014466599162980 Byng S, 2005, APHASIOLOGY, V19, P906, DOI 10.1080/02687030544000128 Christensen R., 1996, ANAL VARIANCE DESIGN Chwat S., 1981, CLIN APHASIOLOGY, P212 CROCKFORD C, 1994, EUR J DISORDER COMM, V29, P165 Cruice M, 2003, APHASIOLOGY, V17, P333, DOI 10.1080/02687030244000707 Cruice M, 2005, APHASIOLOGY, V19, P111, DOI 10.1080/02687030444000651 DAVIES P, 1988, BRIT J DISORD COMMUN, V23, P141 Eadie TL, 2006, AM J SPEECH-LANG PAT, V15, P307, DOI 10.1044/1058-0360(2006/030) Elman Roberta J., 1999, Seminars in Speech and Language, V20, P65, DOI 10.1055/s-2008-1064009 Elman RJ, 2004, CHALLENGING APHASIA THERAPIES: BROADENING THE DISCOURSE AND EXTENDING THE BOUNDARIES, P130, DOI 10.4324/9780203462706_chapter_8 Elman RJ, 1999, J SPEECH LANG HEAR R, V42, P411 Engell B, 2003, APHASIOLOGY, V17, P383, DOI 10.1080/02687030244000734 FIELD A, 2003, DISCOVERING STAT SPS Goodglass H, 1972, ASSESSMENT APHASIA R GUILFORD AM, 1982, ARCH PHYS MED REHAB, V63, P601 Guilford J. P., 1978, FUNDAMENTAL STAT PSY HELMICK JW, 1976, J SPEECH HEAR DISORD, V41, P238 HERRMANN M, 1989, APHASIOLOGY, V3, P513, DOI 10.1080/02687038908249019 HILARI K, 2003, APHASIOLOGY, V17, P465 Hilari K, 2001, INT J LANG COMM DIS, V36, P86 HIRSCH FM, 2000, NEUROGENIC COMMUNICA, P35 Hoen B, 1997, APHASIOLOGY, V11, P681, DOI 10.1080/02687039708249415 Holland Audrey L., 1998, Seminars in Speech and Language, V19, P249, DOI 10.1055/s-2008-1064048 Hopper T, 2002, APHASIOLOGY, V16, P745, DOI 10.1080/02687030244000059 Howard D., 1987, APHASIA THERAPY HIST Howe TJ, 2004, APHASIOLOGY, V18, P1015, DOI 10.1080/02687030444000499 Irwin WH, 2002, APHASIOLOGY, V16, P823, DOI 10.1080/02687030244000086 Kagan A, 2001, J SPEECH LANG HEAR R, V44, P624, DOI 10.1044/1092-4388(2001/051) Kagan A, 1998, APHASIOLOGY, V12, P816, DOI 10.1080/02687039808249575 KLIPPI A, 1994, COMMUNICATIVE UNPUB KLIPPI A, 1978, TOKEN TESTI UNPUB Knapp P, 1999, STROKE, V30, P934 KORPIJAAKKOHUUH.AM, 2008, COMMUNICATION DISORD, P99 KORPIJAAKKOHUUH.AM, 2003, HELSINGIN YLIOPISTON, V46 Laakso M., 1997, SELF INITIATED REPAI Lawson R., 2001, APHASIA THERAPY FILE, P61 LEDORZE G, 1995, APHASIOLOGY, V9, P239 LEHTIHALMES M, 1993, W APHASIA BATT UNPUB LEMPINEN M, 1986, AFASIATUTKIMUS Lesser R., 1993, LINGUISTICS APHASIA Linebaugh C., 1981, CLIN APHASIOLOGY C P, P226 LOMAS J, 1989, J SPEECH HEAR DISORD, V54, P113 Luck AM, 2007, APHASIOLOGY, V21, P208, DOI 10.1080/02687030601065470 Lyon JG, 1997, APHASIOLOGY, V11, P693, DOI 10.1080/02687039708249416 MANOCHIOPINIG S, 1992, APHASIOLOGY, V6, P519, DOI 10.1080/02687039208249489 MULLER N, COMMUNICATION DISORD OXENHAM D, 1995, APHASIOLOGY, V9, P477, DOI 10.1080/02687039508248710 Parr S., 2000, NEUROGENIC COMMUNICA, P55 POUND C, 2000, APHASIA THERAPIES LI RAUTAKOSKI P, 2002, PUHE JA KIELI, V22, P63 Ross A, 2006, APHASIOLOGY, V20, P427, DOI 10.1080/02687030500532786 Sarno MT, 1997, APHASIOLOGY, V11, P665, DOI 10.1080/02687039708249414 SHEWAN CM, 1984, J COMMUN DISORD, V17, P175, DOI 10.1016/0021-9924(84)90010-8 Simmons-Mackie N., 2000, NEUROGENIC COMMUNICA, P162 Sorin-Peters R., 1995, APHASIOLOGY, V6, P565 Stern RA, 1997, APHASIOLOGY, V11, P59, DOI 10.1080/02687039708248455 van der Gaag A, 2005, CLIN REHABIL, V19, P372, DOI 10.1191/0269215505cr785oa VOGEL D, 1985, CLIN APHASIOLOGY C P, P237 World Health Organisation, 2001, INT CLASS FUNCT DIS Worrall L, 2005, APHASIOLOGY, V19, P923, DOI 10.1080/02687030544000137 WORRALL L, 2000, FCTP FUNCTIONAL COMM Worrall L, 2000, APHASIOLOGY, V14, P911 NR 66 TC 10 Z9 10 PU PSYCHOLOGY PRESS PI HOVE PA 27 CHURCH RD, HOVE BN3 2FA, EAST SUSSEX, ENGLAND SN 0268-7038 J9 APHASIOLOGY JI Aphasiology PY 2008 VL 22 IS 12 BP 1269 EP 1293 DI 10.1080/02687030802374788 PG 25 WC Clinical Neurology SC Neurosciences & Neurology GA 368GG UT WOS:000260609000002 ER PT J AU Seddoh, SA AF Seddoh, S. Amebu TI Conceptualisation of deviations in intonation production in aphasia SO APHASIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Aphasia; Brain damage; Intonation; Fundamental frequency (F0) contour; Autosegmental metrical theory ID FUNDAMENTAL-FREQUENCY; RIGHT-HEMISPHERE; SPEECH PROSODY; LANGUAGE; PERCEPTION; PATTERNS; FEATURES; TONE AB Background: Most studies of intonation disorder in brain-damaged patients assume that normal intonation is made up of a single overall pitch contour that is holistically either linguistic or affective, and processed globally. However, data suggest that intonation may be processed in units smaller than the overall pitch contour, and that its disorder may be attributable to impaired ability to process aspects of those units. Aim: The present study was conducted to determine whether deviations in intonation production in aphasia are attributable to deficit in processing the global pitch (fundamental frequency) contour or components of it. Methods Procedures: Two sentence types of two lengths produced by patients with fluent and nonfluent aphasia, as well as neurologically normal control participants, were evaluated acoustically and perceptually. The acoustic evaluation included measures of declination and identifiable components of the fundamental frequency (F0) contour. Outcomes Results: For all groups, some measures differed according to sentence type whereas others differed according to sentence size. None of the size-sensitive measures differed according to sentence type for any group. However, group differences were exhibited on other measures including declination. The fluent group performed closer to normal compared to the nonfluent group. All groups were perceptually indistinguishable. Conclusion: The acoustic deviations taken with the perceptual data point to a deficit that might be phonetic in nature. The abnormal production of some but not all F0 components by the patients lends support to the hypothesis that intonation is processed in units smaller than its overall F0 contour, and that its disorder in brain-damaged patients may be attributable to deficit in processing aspect(s) of those units. C1 Univ N Dakota, Dept Commun Sci & Disorders, Grand Forks, ND 58202 USA. RP Seddoh, SA (reprint author), Univ N Dakota, Dept Commun Sci & Disorders, Montgomery Hall Room 110,290 Centennial Dr Stop 8, Grand Forks, ND 58202 USA. EM seddoh@und.edu FU NIH (NIDCD) [5R03DC004955-03] FX Comments and suggestions of an anonymous reviewer on an earlier version of this paper are gratefully acknowledged. This research was supported by NIH (NIDCD) grant 5R03DC004955-03. CR Arvaniti A, 1998, J PHONETICS, V26, P3, DOI 10.1006/jpho.1997.0063 BAUM SR, 1990, BRAIN LANG, V39, P33, DOI 10.1016/0093-934X(90)90003-Y BEHRENS SJ, 1989, BRAIN LANG, V37, P181, DOI 10.1016/0093-934X(89)90014-X Benton A. L., 1974, REVISED VISUAL RETEN BLONDER LX, 1989, BRAIN LANG, V36, P193, DOI 10.1016/0093-934X(89)90061-8 Bolinger D., 1958, WORD, V14, P109 BUCKINGHAM HW, 1987, CLIN LINGUIST PHONET, V1, P113, DOI 10.3109/02699208708985007 BUCKINGHAM HW, 1998, ACQUIRED APHASIA, P269, DOI 10.1016/B978-012619322-0/50011-7 CANCELLIERE AEB, 1990, BRAIN COGNITION, V13, P133, DOI 10.1016/0278-2626(90)90046-Q COHEN A, 1965, P 5 INT C AC A16 LIE Collier R., 1990, PERCEPTUAL STUDY INT COLLIER R, 1975, J ACOUST SOC AM, V58, P249, DOI 10.1121/1.380654 Cooper W. E., 1980, SYNTAX SPEECH Cooper W. E., 1981, FUNDAMENTAL FREQUENC Couper-Kuhlen E., 1986, INTRO ENGLISH PROSOD DANLY M, 1982, BRAIN LANG, V16, P171, DOI 10.1016/0093-934X(82)90082-7 DANLY M, 1983, BRAIN LANG, V19, P1, DOI 10.1016/0093-934X(83)90052-4 Duffy J.R, 1995, MOTOR SPEECH DISORDE Enderby P. M., 1983, FRENCHAY DYSARTHRIA GANDOUR J, 1992, BRAIN LANG, V42, P337, DOI 10.1016/0093-934X(92)90105-N Gandour J, 2003, BRAIN LANG, V84, P318, DOI 10.1016/S0093-934X(02)00505-9 GANDOUR J, 1988, BRAIN LANG, V35, P201, DOI 10.1016/0093-934X(88)90109-5 GARDING E, 1965, STUD LINGUISTICA, V19, P61, DOI 10.1111/j.1467-9582.1965.tb00527.x Gelfer C.E., 1983, VOCAL FOLD PHYSL BIO, P113 HAUSER MD, 1992, J ACOUST SOC AM, V91, P363, DOI 10.1121/1.402779 HOCKING RR, 2003, METHODS APP LINEAR M Howard D., 1987, APHASIA THERAPY HIST JASSEM W, 1975, AUDITORY ANAL PERCEP, P523 Kaplan E., 2001, BOSTON NAMING TEST Kertesz A., 1982, W APHASIA BATTERY Ladd D. R., 1983, PROSODY MODELS MEASU, P39 Ladd D. R., 1996, INTONATIONAL PHONOLO LADD DR, 1983, LANGUAGE, V59, P721, DOI 10.2307/413371 Lehiste I., 1970, SUPRASEGMENTALS Liberman Mark, 1984, LANGUAGE SOUND STRUC, P157 LIEBERMAN P, 1967, INTONATION PERCEPTIO, V38 MCNEIL MR, 1990, BRAIN LANG, V38, P135, DOI 10.1016/0093-934X(90)90106-Q NAGEL HN, 1994, J PSYCHOLINGUIST RES, V23, P473 OSHAUGHNESSY D, 1979, J PHONETICS, V7, P119 OHALA JJ, 1973, J ACOUST SOC AM, V53, P345, DOI 10.1121/1.1982441 Pierrehumbert J, 1987, PHONOLOGY PHONETICS ROSE P, 1987, SPEECH COMMUN, V6, P343, DOI 10.1016/0167-6393(87)90009-4 ROSS ED, 1981, ARCH NEUROL-CHICAGO, V38, P561 RUSSELL EW, 1975, J CONSULT CLIN PSYCH, V43, P800, DOI 10.1037/0022-006X.43.6.800 Schatz P, 2005, ARCH CLIN NEUROPSYCH, V20, P1053, DOI 10.1016/j.acn.2005.06.006 Seddoh SA, 2000, APHASIOLOGY, V14, P1105, DOI 10.1080/02687030050174656 Seddoh SA, 2002, APHASIOLOGY, V16, P683, DOI 10.1080/02687030143000861 Seddoh SA, 2006, BRAIN LANG, V99, P53, DOI 10.1016/j.bandl.2006.06.036 SEDDOH SAK, 2005, J ACOUST SOC AM, V117, P2569 SEDDOH SAK, 2006, J NEUROLINGUIST, V19, P18 SEDDOH SAK, APHASIOLOGY IN PRESS SHAPIRO BE, 1985, BRAIN LANG, V25, P19, DOI 10.1016/0093-934X(85)90118-X SHAPIRO LP, 1995, BRAIN LANG, V50, P240, DOI 10.1006/brln.1995.1047 Srinivasan RJ, 2003, LANG SPEECH, V46, P1 STUDDERT.M, 1973, LANG SPEECH, V16, P293 SUNDBERG J, 1979, J PHONETICS, V7, P71 Walker JP, 2002, APHASIOLOGY, V16, P1155, DOI 10.1080/02687030244000392 WEINTRAUB S, 1981, ARCH NEUROL-CHICAGO, V38, P742 NR 58 TC 2 Z9 2 PU PSYCHOLOGY PRESS PI HOVE PA 27 CHURCH RD, HOVE BN3 2FA, EAST SUSSEX, ENGLAND SN 0268-7038 J9 APHASIOLOGY JI Aphasiology PY 2008 VL 22 IS 12 BP 1294 EP 1312 DI 10.1080/02687030701640289 PG 19 WC Clinical Neurology SC Neurosciences & Neurology GA 368GG UT WOS:000260609000003 ER PT J AU Bormann, T Kulke, F Blanken, G AF Bormann, Tobias Kulke, Florian Blanken, Gerhard TI The influence of word frequency on semantic word substitutions in aphasic naming SO APHASIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Aphasia; Lexical access; Picture naming; Semantic errors ID SPEECH PRODUCTION; LEXICAL ACCESS; ERRORS; MODELS; RECOGNITION; ACQUISITION; AGE AB Background: Semantic word substitutions are frequent errors of aphasic speakers when naming a picture. The role of word frequency in the generation of these semantic errors provides an important testing ground for models of lexical access. The discrete two-stage model of Levelt, Roelofs, and Meyer (1999) predicts that frequency should not play a role in semantic errors. In contrast, cascading and interactive models of lexical access allow for an influence of frequency on lexical selection. Aims: To assess the role of word frequency in the generation of semantic substitutions. Methods Procedures: We re-analysed a large corpus of aphasic semantic word substitutions in response to target words from carefully controlled semantic categories. Frequency of these errors was compared to randomly selected pseudo-errors from the same semantic category. Outcomes Results: Errors were more frequent than randomly selected competitors from the same semantic category. Conclusions: The results support interactive or cascading models of lexical access and speak against the discrete two-stage model of lexical access. The data are discussed with regard to models of lexical access and to previous studies that failed to find a frequency effect for aphasic semantic naming errors. C1 [Bormann, Tobias] Univ Erfurt, Dept Linguist, D-99105 Erfurt, Germany. RP Bormann, T (reprint author), Univ Erfurt, Dept Linguist, POB 900221, D-99105 Erfurt, Germany. EM tobias.bormann@uni-erfurt.de CR Alario FX, 2002, LANG COGNITIVE PROC, V17, P299, DOI 10.1080/01690960143000236 Baayen Harald, 1993, CELEX LEXICAL DATABA Barry C, 2001, J MEM LANG, V44, P350, DOI 10.1006/jmla.2000.2743 BORMANN T, BRAIN LANGU IN PRESS Butterworth B., 1989, LEXICAL REPRESENTATI, P108 BUTTERWORTH B, 1992, COGNITION, V42, P261, DOI 10.1016/0010-0277(92)90045-J Caramazza A, 1997, COGNITIVE NEUROPSYCH, V14, P177, DOI 10.1080/026432997381664 Caramazza A, 2001, J EXP PSYCHOL LEARN, V27, P1430, DOI 10.1037//0278-7393.27.6.1430 CARAMAZZA A, 1990, CORTEX, V26, P95 DELL GS, 1990, LANG COGNITIVE PROC, V5, P313, DOI 10.1080/01690969008407066 Dell GS, 2004, COGN NEUROPSYCHOL, V21, P125, DOI 10.1080/02643290342000320 DELL GS, 1986, PSYCHOL REV, V93, P283, DOI 10.1037//0033-295X.93.3.283 Dell GS, 1997, PSYCHOL REV, V104, P801, DOI 10.1037/0033-295X.104.4.801 Ellis A. W., 2002, READ WRIT, V15, P759 Garrett M., 1980, LANGUAGE PRODUCTION, V1, P177 GOODGLASS H, 1976, CORTEX, V12, P145 Huber W., 1983, AACHENER APHASIE TES HUMPHREYS GW, 1988, COGNITIVE NEUROPSYCH, V5, P67, DOI 10.1080/02643298808252927 Jescheniak JD, 2003, J EXP PSYCHOL LEARN, V29, P432, DOI 10.1037/0278-7393.29.3.432 JESCHENIAK JD, 1994, J EXP PSYCHOL LEARN, V20, P824, DOI 10.1037/0278-7393.20.4.824 Jescheniak JD, 1998, J EXP PSYCHOL LEARN, V24, P1256, DOI 10.1037//0278-7393.24.5.1256 KITTREDGE A, COGNITIVE N IN PRESS Kremin H, 2003, BRAIN LANG, V87, P33, DOI 10.1016/S0093-934X(03)00183-4 Kulke F, 2001, APHASIOLOGY, V15, P3, DOI 10.1080/02687040042000070 LEVELT W, 1989, SPEAKING INTENTION A LEVELT WILLEM, 1999, NEUROCOGNITION LANGU, P83 Levelt WJM, 1999, BEHAV BRAIN SCI, V22, P1 MANNHAUPT HR, 1984, SPRACHE KOGNIT, V4, P264 MCCLELLAND JL, 1981, PSYCHOL REV, V88, P375, DOI 10.1037/0033-295X.88.5.375 Miozzo M, 2003, J EXP PSYCHOL GEN, V132, P228, DOI 10.1037/0096-3445.132.2.228 MORSELLA E, 2002, J EXPT PSYCHOL LEARN, V28, P228 MORTON J, 1985, CURRENT PERSPECTIVES MORTON J, 1969, PSYCHOL REV, V76, P165, DOI 10.1037/h0027366 Navarrete E, 2006, Q J EXP PSYCHOL, V59, P1681, DOI 10.1080/17470210600750558 NICKELS L, 1994, COGNITIVE NEUROPSYCH, V11, P289, DOI 10.1080/02643299408251977 NICKELS L, 1995, LANG COGNITIVE PROC, V10, P13, DOI 10.1080/01690969508407086 Roelofs A, 1997, COGNITION, V64, P249, DOI 10.1016/S0010-0277(97)00027-9 Schroeder A., 2003, NEUROLINGUISTIK, V17, P83 NR 38 TC 5 Z9 5 PU PSYCHOLOGY PRESS PI HOVE PA 27 CHURCH RD, HOVE BN3 2FA, EAST SUSSEX, ENGLAND SN 0268-7038 J9 APHASIOLOGY JI Aphasiology PY 2008 VL 22 IS 12 BP 1313 EP 1320 DI 10.1080/02687030701679436 PG 8 WC Clinical Neurology SC Neurosciences & Neurology GA 368GG UT WOS:000260609000004 ER PT J AU Ruigendijk, E Baauw, S AF Ruigendijk, Esther Baauw, Sergio TI Syntactic and pragmatic aspects of determiner and pronoun production in Dutch agrammatic Broca's aphasia SO APHASIOLOGY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 36th Clinical Aphasiology Conference CY 2006 CL Ghent, BELGIUM ID ARTICLES; OMISSION; SPEECH; GENDER; TREE AB Background: Agrammatic aphasic individuals produce a lower than normal number of pronouns and determiners in their spontaneous speech. Interestingly, linguistically these two types of functional categories have some properties in common. In Dutch, the language that was studied, both categories depend on case, both are marked for gender, and both carry pragmatic information. These properties relate to different levels of linguistic processing. Case is a syntactic property, gender is lexically specified for determiners, and semantically for pronouns (in Dutch), and the pragmatic function relates to the distinction between definiteness and indefiniteness; that is, whether something refers to information already introduced in the discourse or to new information respectively. Aims: The aim of this study was therefore to find out if and how far each of these properties (case, gender, and pragmatic information) contributes to the problems agrammatic speakers have with the production of determiners and pronouns. Methods & Procedures: We analysed spontaneous speech samples of eight Dutch-speaking agrammatic aphasic individuals with regard to the omission and production rates of determiners and pronouns, taking into account the different linguistic properties. Outcomes & Results: The analyses revealed that the syntactic property of determiners and pronouns, case, contributes most to the agrammatic problems. Gender information seems to be unproblematic. Finally, our aphasic speakers omitted relatively more indefinite determiners than definite determiners. It is not completely clear yet whether this is related to a problem with indefinites. The error analysis shows that pragmatic information as such seems to be unimpaired. Conclusions: The syntactic aspects of determiners and pronouns play an important role in the problems agrammatic speakers have with these elements. More detailed research may be needed to investigate the distinction between indefiniteness and definiteness in determiners. Our results suggest that the production of determiners and pronouns should always be treated with a focus on their syntactic property: their dependency on case-assigning categories. C1 Carl von Ossietzky Univ Oldenburg, Fak 3, Inst Fremdsprachemphilologien, D-26111 Oldenburg, Germany. Univ Utrecht, NL-3508 TC Utrecht, Netherlands. RP Ruigendijk, E (reprint author), Carl von Ossietzky Univ Oldenburg, Fak 3, Inst Fremdsprachemphilologien, Ammerlander Heestr 114-118, D-26111 Oldenburg, Germany. EM esther.ruigendijk@uni-oldenburg.de CR Abney S. P., 1987, THESIS MIT CAMBRIDGE Avrutin S., 2006, BROCAS REGION BAAUW S, 2002, P ANN BOSTON U C LAN, V26, P24 Bastiaanse R, 2003, CORTEX, V39, P405, DOI 10.1016/S0010-9452(08)70256-9 BATES E, 1991, BRAIN LANG, V41, P123, DOI 10.1016/0093-934X(91)90149-U BERNSTEIN J, 2001, HDB CONT SYNTACTIC T Chomsky N., 1981, LECT GOVT BINDING DEBLESER R, 2005, STEM SPRAAK TAALPATH, V13, P35 DeBleser R, 1996, J NEUROLINGUIST, V9, P175, DOI 10.1016/0911-6044(96)00007-3 DEROO E, 1999, THESIS HOLLAND ACAD DEUTSCH W, 1985, LINGUISTICS, V23, P793, DOI 10.1515/ling.1985.23.5.793 Friedmann N., 2006, BROCAS REGION, P63 Friedmann N, 2001, J PSYCHOLINGUIST RES, V30, P71, DOI 10.1023/A:1005256224207 Friedmann N, 1997, BRAIN LANG, V56, P397, DOI 10.1006/brln.1997.1795 Giusti G., 2002, FUNCTIONAL STRUCTURE, P54 GIUSTI G, 2006, PHASES INTERPRETATIO Graetz P., 1992, AKENSE AFASIE TEST Grodzinsky Y, 2000, BEHAV BRAIN SCI, V23, P1, DOI 10.1017/S0140525X00002399 Haeseryn Walter, 1997, ALGEMENE NEDERLANDSE, V2nd Havik E, 2004, APHASIOLOGY, V18, P1093, DOI 10.1080/02687030444000543 Heim I, 1983, MEANING USE INTERPRE HOFSTEDE BTM, 1994, BRAIN LANG, V46, P278, DOI 10.1006/brln.1994.1017 KADMON N., 2001, FORMAL PRAGMATICS SE Mansson AC, 2001, J NEUROLINGUIST, V14, P365, DOI 10.1016/S0911-6044(01)00024-0 MENN L, 1988, APHASIOLOGY, V2, P347, DOI 10.1080/02687038808248936 Ouhalla Jamal, 1993, LINGUISTISCHE BERICH, V143, P3 POSTAL PM, 1966, MODERN STUDIES ENGLI RUIGENDIJK E, 2002, CASE ASSIGNMENT AGRA, V36 Ruigendijk E, 2002, APHASIOLOGY, V16, P383, DOI 10.1080/02687030244000310 Ruigendijk E, 1999, J SPEECH LANG HEAR R, V42, P962 SAFFRAN EM, 1989, BRAIN LANG, V37, P440, DOI 10.1016/0093-934X(89)90030-8 VANHAERINGEN CB, 1956, ALGEMENE ASPECTEN GR, P27 WULFECK B, 1989, LANG SPEECH, V32, P315 NR 33 TC 1 Z9 1 PU PSYCHOLOGY PRESS PI HOVE PA 27 CHURCH RD, HOVE BN3 2FA, EAST SUSSEX, ENGLAND SN 0268-7038 J9 APHASIOLOGY JI Aphasiology PD JUN-AUG PY 2007 VL 21 IS 6-8 BP 535 EP 547 DI 10.1080/02687030701191911 PG 13 WC Clinical Neurology SC Neurosciences & Neurology GA 179XN UT WOS:000247323900002 ER PT J AU Tissen, A Weber, S Grande, M Gunther, T AF Tissen, Andrea Weber, Sandra Grande, Marion Guenther, Thomas TI The "tree-pruning hypothesis" in bilingualism SO APHASIOLOGY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 36th Clinical Aphasiology Conference CY 2006 CL Ghent, BELGIUM ID SPEAKING AGRAMMATIC PATIENTS; FUNCTIONAL CATEGORIES; SYNTACTIC TREE; VERB MOVEMENT; AGREEMENT; TENSE AB Background: The "tree-pruning hypothesis" (TPH) suggests that syntactic deficits in agrammatic production are highly selective: most patients have impaired tense inflection while their agreement, inflection is preserved. The TPH states that the split-inflection tree is pruned at the tense node, which is why an obvious dissociation in performance exists between tense and agreement. Aims: This study aims to determine whether the TPH applies to a bilingual individual by examining whether a dissociation in performance exists between agreement and tense inflection in the bilingual speaker's two languages: German and Luxembourgish. We expect the pattern of grammatical impairment to support the validity of the TPH in German and Luxembourgish. Methods & Procedures: The participant examined in this study, AM, is a pre-onset balanced German-Luxembourgish speaker with Broca's aphasia and moderate agrammatism. We used a verb completion and grammatical assessment task to examine whether a dissociation in performance existed between tense and agreement in both languages. Outcomes & Results: The results comply with the TPH. The agreement results produced by the participant were significantly better than the tense results in both German and Luxembourgish. Conclusions: The results show a clear dissociation in each language as predicted by the TPH. This confirms that the TPH can be applied to both German and Luxembourgish. C1 Zuyd Univ, Sch Speech & Language Pathol, NL-6400 AN Heerlen, Netherlands. RWTH Aachen Univ Hosp, Aachen, Germany. RP Gunther, T (reprint author), Zuyd Univ, Sch Speech & Language Pathol, POB 550, NL-6400 AN Heerlen, Netherlands. EM gunther@hszuyd.nl CR Alexiadou A, 2006, BRAIN LANG, V96, P207, DOI 10.1016/j.bandi.2005.04.006 Bastiaanse R, 1996, BRAIN LANG, V55, P8 Benedet MJ, 1998, CORTEX, V34, P309, DOI 10.1016/S0010-9452(08)70758-5 Burchert F, 2005, BRAIN LANG, V94, P188, DOI 10.1016/j.bandl.2004.12.006 Chomsky N., 1981, LECT GOVT BINDING Chomsky Noam, 1991, PRINCIPLES PARAMETER, V20, P417 Chomsky Noam, 1992, MINIMALIST PROGRAM L Friedmann N., 2006, BROCAS REGION, P63 Friedmann N, 2006, BRAIN LANG, V96, P151, DOI 10.1016/j.bandi.2005.06.002 Friedmann N, 2001, J PSYCHOLINGUIST RES, V30, P71, DOI 10.1023/A:1005256224207 Friedmann N, 1997, BRAIN LANG, V56, P397, DOI 10.1006/brln.1997.1795 Friedmann N, 2002, BRAIN LANG, V80, P160, DOI 10.1006/brln.2001.2587 GAVARRO A, 2004, TENSE AGREEMENT IMPA Grodzinsky Y, 2000, BEHAV BRAIN SCI, V23, P1, DOI 10.1017/S0140525X00002399 HAGIWARA H, 1995, BRAIN LANG, V50, P92, DOI 10.1006/brln.1995.1041 Huber W., 1983, AACHENER APHASIE TES Lebrun Y., 1995, ASPECTS BILINGUAL AP, P11 Milman LH, 2004, BRAIN LANG, V91, P126, DOI 10.1016/j.bandl.2004.06.065 Nanousi Y, 2006, J NEUROLINGUIST, V19, P209, DOI 10.1016/j.jneuroling.2005.11.003 NILIPOUR R, 1995, ASPECTS BILINGUAL AP, P123 Paradis M., 1987, ASSESSMENT BILINGUAL Paradis Michel, 2004, NEUROLINGUISTIC THEO POLLOCK JY, 1989, LINGUIST INQ, V20, P365 Rizzi L., 1990, RELATIVIZED MINIMALI Shapiro L., 2000, LANGUAGE BRAIN REPRE, P73, DOI 10.1016/B978-012304260-6/50005-0 Wenzlaff M, 2004, BRAIN LANG, V89, P57, DOI 10.1016/S0093-934X(03)00298-0 NR 26 TC 3 Z9 3 PU PSYCHOLOGY PRESS PI HOVE PA 27 CHURCH RD, HOVE BN3 2FA, EAST SUSSEX, ENGLAND SN 0268-7038 J9 APHASIOLOGY JI Aphasiology PD JUN-AUG PY 2007 VL 21 IS 6-8 BP 548 EP 557 DI 10.1080/02687030701191952 PG 10 WC Clinical Neurology SC Neurosciences & Neurology GA 179XN UT WOS:000247323900003 ER PT J AU Reilly, J Cross, K Trolani, V Grossman, M AF Reilly, Jamie Cross, Katy Trolani, Vanessa Grossman, Murray TI Single-word semantic judgements in semantic dementia: Do phonology and grammatical class count? SO APHASIOLOGY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 36th Clinical Aphasiology Conference CY 2006 CL Ghent, BELGIUM ID SHORT-TERM-MEMORY; SURFACE DYSLEXIA; REPETITION; APHASIA; IMAGEABILITY; CONCRETENESS; NOUNS; BRAIN; NORMS; MODEL AB Background. Listeners make active use of phonological regularities such as word length to facilitate higher-level syntactic and semantic processing. For example, nouns are longer than verbs, and abstract words are longer than concrete words. Patients with semantic dementia (SD) experience conceptual loss with preserved syntax and phonology. The extent to which patients with SD exploit phonological regularities to support language processing remains unclear. Aims: We examined the ability of patients with SD (1) to perceive subtle acoustic-phonetic distinctions in English, and (2) to bootstrap their accuracy of lexical-semantic and syntactic judgements from regularities in the phonological forms of English nouns and verbs. Methods and Procedures: Four patients with SD made minimal pair judgements (same/different) for auditorily presented stimuli selectively varied by voice, place, or manner of the initial consonant (e.g., pa -ba). In Experiment 2 patients made forced-choice semantic judgements (abstract or concrete) for single words varied by (1) concreteness (abstract or concrete); (2) grammatical class (noun or verb); and (3) word length (one- or three-syllable words). Outcomes and Results: The most semantically impaired patients paradoxically showed the highest accuracy of minimal pair phonologic discrimination. Judgements of word concreteness were less accurate for verbs than nouns. Among verbs, accuracy was worse for concrete than abstract items (e.g., eat was worse than think). Patients were more likely to misclassify longer concrete words (e.g., professor) as abstract, demonstrating sensitivity to an underlying phonologically mediated semantic property in English. Conclusions: Single-word semantic judgements were sensitive to both grammatical class and phonological properties of the words being evaluated. Theoretical and clinical implications are addressed in the context of an anatomically constrained model of SD that assumes increasing reliance on phonology as lexical-semantic knowledge degrades. C1 Univ Penn, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. RP Reilly, J (reprint author), Hosp Univ Penn, Dept Neurol, Sch Med, 3 Gates Bldg,3400 Spruce St, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. EM reillyjj@mail.med.upenn.edu CR Barca L, 2002, BEHAV RES METH INS C, V34, P424, DOI 10.3758/BF03195471 Binder JR, 2005, J COGNITIVE NEUROSCI, V17, P905, DOI 10.1162/0898929054021102 Bird H, 2000, BRAIN LANG, V73, P17, DOI 10.1006/brln.2000.2293 BREEDIN SD, 1994, COGNITIVE NEUROPSYCH, V11, P617, DOI 10.1080/02643299408251987 COLTHEART M, 1981, Q J EXP PSYCHOL-A, V33, P497 COLTHEART M, 1983, Q J EXP PSYCHOL-A, V35, P469 FOLSTEIN MF, 1975, J PSYCHIAT REV, V12, P186 Friederici AD, 2000, CEREB CORTEX, V10, P698, DOI 10.1093/cercor/10.7.698 GATHERCOLE SE, 1995, MEM COGNITION, V23, P83, DOI 10.3758/BF03210559 Gonnerman LM, 1997, BRAIN LANG, V57, P254, DOI 10.1006/brln.1997.1752 Goodglass H, 1983, ASSESSMENT APHASIA R, V2nd Grossman M, 2004, NEUROCASE, V10, P3, DOI 10.1080/13554790490960440 Grossman M, 2002, J INT NEUROPSYCH SOC, V8, P566, DOI 10.1017/S1355617701020318 Howard D., 1992, PYRAMIDS PALM TREES Jefferies E, 2004, NEUROCASE, V10, P290, DOI 10.1080/13554790490507623 KALINYAKFLISZAR M, 2006, BRAIN LANG, V99, P178, DOI DOI 10.1016/j.band1.2006.06.098 Kean J., 2007, COGNITIVE SCI, V31, P1, DOI 10.1080/03640210709336988 Kelly MH, 2004, J MEM LANG, V50, P231, DOI 10.1016/j.jml.2003.12.002 KERR NH, 1991, BEHAV RES METH INSTR, V23, P461, DOI 10.3758/BF03209988 Knott R, 1997, COGNITIVE NEUROPSYCH, V14, P1165, DOI 10.1080/026432997381303 Kucera H., 1982, COMPUTATIONAL ANAL P Kwok S, 2006, BRAIN LANG, V99, P145, DOI 10.1016/j.bandl.2006.06.082 Ralph MAL, 2001, J COGNITIVE NEUROSCI, V13, P341, DOI 10.1162/08989290151137395 Langenmayr A, 2001, PERCEPT MOTOR SKILL, V93, P843, DOI 10.2466/PMS.93.7.843-850 Luce PA, 1998, EAR HEARING, V19, P1, DOI 10.1097/00003446-199802000-00001 MARTIN N, 1990, BRAIN LANG, V39, P254, DOI 10.1016/0093-934X(90)90014-8 Neary D, 1998, NEUROLOGY, V51, P1546 Paivio A, 1985, MENTAL REPRESENTATIO Reilly J., 2006, BRAIN LANG, V99, P218 Reilly J, 2005, APHASIOLOGY, V19, P329, DOI 10.1080/02687030444000787 Saffran E. M., 1990, NEUROPSYCHOLOGICAL I Saffran JR, 1996, SCIENCE, V274, P1926, DOI 10.1126/science.274.5294.1926 Weenink D., 1996, 132 U AMST I PHON SC Yi H., 2007, COGNITIVE NEUROPSYCH, V21, P1 NR 34 TC 13 Z9 15 PU PSYCHOLOGY PRESS PI HOVE PA 27 CHURCH RD, HOVE BN3 2FA, EAST SUSSEX, ENGLAND SN 0268-7038 J9 APHASIOLOGY JI Aphasiology PD JUN-AUG PY 2007 VL 21 IS 6-8 BP 558 EP 569 DI 10.1080/02687030701191986 PG 12 WC Clinical Neurology SC Neurosciences & Neurology GA 179XN UT WOS:000247323900004 ER PT J AU Friedmann, N Gvion, A AF Friedmann, Naama Gvion, Aviah TI As far as individuals with conduction aphasia understood these sentences were ungrammatical: Garden path in conduction aphasia SO APHASIOLOGY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 36th Clinical Aphasiology Conference CY 2006 CL Ghent, BELGIUM ID SHORT-TERM-MEMORY; VERBAL WORKING-MEMORY; COMPREHENSION; DEFICIT; REACTIVATION; INFORMATION; CAPACITY AB Background: Recent studies have indicated that working memory is not a unitary resource and that different types of working memory are used for different types of linguistic processing: syntactic, semantic, and phonological. Phonological working memory was found to support the comprehension of sentences that require re-access to the word-form of a word that appeared earlier in the sentence. Aims: This study explored the relation between phonological working memory and sentence comprehension by testing the comprehension of garden path sentences in individuals with conduction aphasia who have very limited phonological working memory. Our prediction was that if phonological working memory limitation hampers word-form reactivation, only the comprehension of garden paths that require wordform reactivation will be impaired, whereas garden paths that require only structural reanalysis will be better preserved. Methods & Procedures: Five individuals with conduction aphasia and 15 matched controls participated in working memory tests and a garden path comprehension test. The phonological working memory assessment included a battery of 10 tests, which showed that four of the individuals, who had input conduction aphasia, had very limited phonological working memory, and one individual, with output conduction aphasia, had unimpaired working memory. The comprehension study included 60 garden path sentences of three types: structural garden paths, which require only structural reanalysis, lexical garden paths, which require lexical re-access in addition to structural reanalysis, and optional-complement garden paths, which require re-access to the lexical-syntactic frame of the verb in addition to the structural reanalysis. Outcomes & Results: The main result was that the individuals with input conduction aphasia showed different degrees of impairment in different types of garden path sentences. The lexical garden paths were exceptionally hard for them, with a mere 10% correct, and significantly more difficult than the structural garden paths. The individual with output conduction aphasia whose working memory was intact comprehended the lexical garden paths similarly to the normal controls. Conclusions: These findings indicate that phonological working memory impairment only affects the comprehension of sentences that require phonological, word-form re-access. The type of sentence and the type of processing it requires should be taken into account when trying to predict the effect of working memory limitation on a patient's ability to understand sentences. Whereas individuals with input conduction aphasia can understand complex syntactic structures well, they have considerable difficulties understanding sentences that also require re-access to a word-form. C1 Tel Aviv Univ, Sch Educ, Language & Brain Lab, IL-69978 Tel Aviv, Israel. Reuth Med Ctr, Tel Aviv, Israel. RP Friedmann, N (reprint author), Tel Aviv Univ, Sch Educ, Language & Brain Lab, IL-69978 Tel Aviv, Israel. EM naamafr@post.tau.ac.il RI Friedmann, Naama/M-2688-2013 CR BUTTERWORTH B, 1986, Q J EXP PSYCHOL-A, V38, P705 Butterworth B., 1990, NEUROPSYCHOLOGICAL I, P187, DOI 10.1017/CBO9780511665547.011 Caplan D, 1999, BEHAV BRAIN SCI, V22, P77 Caspari I, 1998, BRAIN COGNITION, V37, P205, DOI 10.1006/brcg.1997.0970 Christianson K, 2001, COGNITIVE PSYCHOL, V42, P368, DOI 10.1006/cogp.2001.0752 Crawford JR, 1998, CLIN NEUROPSYCHOL, V12, P482, DOI 10.1076/clin.12.4.482.7241 DANEMAN M, 1980, J VERB LEARN VERB BE, V19, P450, DOI 10.1016/S0022-5371(80)90312-6 DeDe G, 2004, PSYCHOL AGING, V19, P601, DOI 10.1037/0882-7974.19.4.601 FERREIRA F, 1991, J MEM LANG, V30, P725, DOI 10.1016/0749-596X(91)90034-H Fodor Janet D., 1998, REANALYSIS SENTENCE Friedmann N, 2003, J SPEECH LANG HEAR R, V46, P288, DOI 10.1044/1092-4388(2003/023) Friedmann N, 2003, BRAIN LANG, V86, P23, DOI 10.1016/S0093-934X(02)00530-8 Friedmann N., 2002, FRIGVI FRIEDMANN GVI Gil M., 2001, HEBREW VERSION PALPA GVION A, 2007, UNPUB SENTENCE COMPR Haarmann HJ, 2003, J MEM LANG, V48, P320, DOI 10.1016/S0749-596X(02)00506-5 Hanten G, 2000, J MEM LANG, V43, P335, DOI 10.1006/jmla.2000.2731 Hanten G, 2001, BRAIN COGNITION, V45, P164, DOI 10.1006/brcg.2000.1236 Kay J., 1992, PALPA PSYCHOLINGUIST Kertesz A., 1982, W APHASIA BATTERY Love T, 1996, J PSYCHOLINGUIST RES, V25, P5, DOI 10.1007/BF01708418 MACDONALD MC, 1992, COGNITIVE PSYCHOL, V24, P56, DOI 10.1016/0010-0285(92)90003-K MARGALIT S, 2005, LANGUAGE BRAIN DEV, V4, P33 Martin R., 1994, NEUROPSYCHOLOGY, V8, P506, DOI [10.1037/0894-4105.8.4.506, DOI 10.1037/0894-4105.8.4.506] MARTIN RC, 1994, J MEM LANG, V33, P83, DOI 10.1006/jmla.1994.1005 MARTIN RC, 1990, BRAIN LANG, V38, P1, DOI 10.1016/0093-934X(90)90099-3 MARTIN RC, 1987, BRAIN LANG, V32, P159, DOI 10.1016/0093-934X(87)90122-2 Martin RC, 2003, ANNU REV PSYCHOL, V54, P55, DOI 10.1146/annurev.psych.54.101601.145201 Martin RC, 2004, BRAIN LANG, V91, P122, DOI 10.1016/j.bandl.2004.06.063 Martin RC, 2004, BRAIN LANG, V89, P76, DOI 10.1016/S0093-934X(03)00300-6 McElree B, 2000, J PSYCHOLINGUIST RES, V29, P111, DOI 10.1023/A:1005184709695 MILNE R, 1980, P COLING 80 C 8 INT NICOL J, 1989, J PSYCHOLINGUIST RES, V18, P5, DOI 10.1007/BF01069043 ONIFER W, 1981, MEM COGNITION, V9, P225, DOI 10.3758/BF03196957 Pritchett B. L., 1992, GRAMMATICAL COMPETEN Romani C, 1999, J EXP PSYCHOL GEN, V128, P56, DOI 10.1037/0096-3445.128.1.56 SHAPIRO LP, 1987, COGNITION, V27, P219, DOI 10.1016/S0010-0277(87)80010-0 SHAPIRO LP, 1993, BRAIN LANG, V45, P423, DOI 10.1006/brln.1993.1053 Smith E. E., 2000, LANGUAGE BRAIN REPRE, P123, DOI 10.1016/B978-012304260-6/50008-6 Soroker N., 1997, HEBREW W APHASIA BAT Swinney D, 1989, J Cogn Neurosci, V1, P25, DOI 10.1162/jocn.1989.1.1.25 SWINNEY D, 1988, UNPUB TEMPORAL COUSE SWINNEY DA, 1979, J VERB LEARN VERB BE, V18, P645, DOI 10.1016/S0022-5371(79)90355-4 Swinney D. A., 2000, LANGUAGE BRAIN REPRE, P273, DOI 10.1016/B978-012304260-6/50016-5 TOMPKINS CA, 1994, J SPEECH HEAR RES, V37, P896 WATERS G, 1991, COGNITIVE NEUROPSYCH, V8, P81, DOI 10.1080/02643299108253368 Waters GS, 1996, MEM COGNITION, V24, P342, DOI 10.3758/BF03213298 Willis CS, 2001, MEMORY, V9, P349 Wright HH, 2005, AM J SPEECH-LANG PAT, V14, P107, DOI 10.1044/1058-0360(2005/012) ZURIF E, 1995, J PSYCHOLINGUIST RES, V24, P165, DOI 10.1007/BF02145354 NR 50 TC 7 Z9 7 PU PSYCHOLOGY PRESS PI HOVE PA 27 CHURCH RD, HOVE BN3 2FA, EAST SUSSEX, ENGLAND SN 0268-7038 J9 APHASIOLOGY JI Aphasiology PD JUN-AUG PY 2007 VL 21 IS 6-8 BP 570 EP 586 DI 10.1080/02687030701192000 PG 17 WC Clinical Neurology SC Neurosciences & Neurology GA 179XN UT WOS:000247323900005 ER PT J AU Corsten, S Mende, M Cholewa, J Huber, W AF Corsten, Sabine Mende, Markus Cholewa, Juergen Huber, Walter TI Treatment of input and output phonology in aphasia: A single case study SO APHASIOLOGY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 36th Clinical Aphasiology Conference CY 2006 CL Ghent, BELGIUM ID LEXICAL ACCESS; SELECTIVE IMPAIRMENT; WORD PRODUCTION; SPEECH; MODEL; RECOGNITION; REPETITION; SPEAKERS; ERRORS; BUFFER AB Background: Based on models of speech perception and production, different stages in phonological processing can be distinguished: phonetic, sublexical, and lexical levels of decoding and encoding respectively. In theory they can be selectively impaired. To address the specific level of phonological processing disruption we developed training material that entailed practice demands for each level of processing. Aims: This paper aims to demonstrate the utility of this material-based approach by presenting the results of PS, a 52-year-old man with chronic conduction aphasia who showed both decoding and encoding difficulties at sublexical levels. Methods & Procedures: The main component of the treatment programme was practice of minimal phonemic contrasts. The training material consisted of monosyllabic stimuli that were systematically varied for certain linguistic criteria, such as phonemic contrast position (onset/coda), lexicality (words/pseudowords), and phonetic complexity (increasing/unspecific sonority). The impact of these factors was studied in an alternating-treatments design employing control tests to assess baseline, outcome, and maintenance. The treatment lasted for 6 weeks during which phonological processing was practised under six treatment conditions. All exercises were computer assisted, and each session consisted of three main tasks: discrimination, identification, and reproduction. Outcomes & Results: As predicted, the participant showed improvement during therapy when practising those items that called specifically for sublexical phonological processing. Conclusions: This study demonstrates that an impairment-specific and material-based therapy approach is promising for the treatment of impaired sublexical phonological processing. Furthermore, the results suggest common mechanisms of input and output phonology. C1 Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Dept Neurol, Sect Neurolinguist, D-52074 Aachen, Germany. Coll Educ, Heidelberg, Germany. RP Huber, W (reprint author), Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Dept Neurol, Sect Neurolinguist, Pauwelsstr 30, D-52074 Aachen, Germany. EM huber@neuroling.rwth-aachen.de CR Abel S, 2004, BRAIN LANG, V91, P152, DOI 10.1016/j.bandl.2004.06.079 Allport D. A, 1984, COGNITION MOTOR PROC, P209 Baayen R. H., 1995, CELEX LEXICAL DATABA BARLOW DH, 1979, J APPL BEHAV ANAL, V12, P199, DOI 10.1901/jaba.1979.12-199 Best W, 1996, COGNITIVE NEUROPSYCH, V13, P443, DOI 10.1080/026432996381971 BLANKEN G, 1990, BRAIN LANG, V38, P534, DOI 10.1016/0093-934X(90)90136-5 Blanken GDR, 1999, WORTPRODUKTIONSPRUFU BROWN AS, 1991, PSYCHOL BULL, V109, P204, DOI 10.1037//0033-2909.109.2.204 CAPLAN D, 1986, COGNITIVE NEUROPSYCH, V3, P99, DOI 10.1080/02643298608252671 CARAMAZZA A, 1983, BRAIN LANG, V18, P128, DOI 10.1016/0093-934X(83)90011-1 Clements G. N., 1990, PAPERS LAB PHONOLOGY, P283 Connine CM, 1997, J MEM LANG, V37, P463, DOI 10.1006/jmla.1997.2535 Corsten S, 2005, BRAIN LANG, V95, P176, DOI 10.1016/j.bandl.2005.07.095 CORSTEN S, 2004, SPRACHHEILARBEIT, V49, P284 CUTLER ANNE, 1999, NEUROCOGNITION LANGU, P123 Dell G. S., 2003, PHONETICS PHONOLOGY, P9 DELL GS, 1986, PSYCHOL REV, V93, P283, DOI 10.1037//0033-295X.93.3.283 Dell GS, 1997, PSYCHOL REV, V104, P801, DOI 10.1037/0033-295X.104.4.801 Gow DW, 1996, BRAIN LANG, V52, P386 Hanley JR, 2004, COGN NEUROPSYCHOL, V21, P147, DOI 10.1080/02643290342000339 Harting C., 2000, WECHSLER GEDACHTNIS Huber W., 1983, AACHENER APHASIE TES Huber W., 1993, APHASIA TREATMENT WO, P55 JOANETTE Y, 1980, BRAIN LANG, V11, P30, DOI 10.1016/0093-934X(80)90107-8 Kohn S. E., 1992, CONDUCTION APHASIA Levelt W. J., 1999, BEHAV BRAIN SCI, V22, P38 Levelt WJM, 2001, P NATL ACAD SCI USA, V98, P13464, DOI 10.1073/pnas.231459498 Maas E., 2002, APHASIOLOGY, V6, P609, DOI 10.1080/02687030244000266 MarslenWilson W, 1996, J EXP PSYCHOL HUMAN, V22, P1376 Martin N, 2002, APHASIOLOGY, V16, P107, DOI 10.1080/02687040143000447 Martin N, 2006, APHASIOLOGY, V20, P154, DOI 10.1080/02687030500472520 Martin RC, 1999, J MEM LANG, V41, P3, DOI 10.1006/jmla.1999.2637 McClelland J. L., 1986, PARALLEL DISTRIBUTED, P58 MICELI G, 1980, BRAIN LANG, V11, P159, DOI 10.1016/0093-934X(80)90117-0 NEWMAN JE, 1978, J VERB LEARN VERB BE, V13, P359 NICKELS L, 2000, ASPECTS LANGUAGE PRO, P115 NICKELS L, 1995, CORTEX, V31, P209 NORRIS D, 1994, COGNITION, V52, P189, DOI 10.1016/0010-0277(94)90043-4 ODELL K, 1990, J SPEECH HEAR DISORD, V55, P345 Ravizza SM, 2001, BRAIN LANG, V77, P95, DOI 10.1006/brln.2000.2435 ROMANI C, 1992, LANG COGNITIVE PROC, V7, P131, DOI 10.1080/01690969208409382 Schiller N. O., 2003, PHONETICS PHONOLOGY Shallice T, 2000, COGN NEUROPSYCHOL, V17, P517, DOI 10.1080/02643290050110638 Slowiaczek LM, 2000, J MEM LANG, V43, P530, DOI 10.1006/jmla.2000.2710 Vitevitch MS, 2002, J EXP PSYCHOL LEARN, V28, P735, DOI 10.1037//0278-7393.28.4.735 Wilshire CE, 1996, COGNITIVE NEUROPSYCH, V13, P1059 Ziegler Wolfram, 2002, Seminars in Speech and Language, V23, P231, DOI 10.1055/s-2002-35798 NR 47 TC 2 Z9 2 PU PSYCHOLOGY PRESS PI HOVE PA 27 CHURCH RD, HOVE BN3 2FA, EAST SUSSEX, ENGLAND SN 0268-7038 J9 APHASIOLOGY JI Aphasiology PD JUN-AUG PY 2007 VL 21 IS 6-8 BP 587 EP 603 DI 10.1080/02687030701192034 PG 17 WC Clinical Neurology SC Neurosciences & Neurology GA 179XN UT WOS:000247323900006 ER PT J AU Dickey, MW Thompson, CK AF Dickey, Michael Walsh Thompson, Cynthia K. TI The relation between syntactic and morphological recovery in agrammatic aphasia: A case study SO APHASIOLOGY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 36th Clinical Aphasiology Conference CY 2006 CL Ghent, BELGIUM ID SENTENCE PRODUCTION; FUNCTIONAL CATEGORIES; BROCAS APHASIA; COMPLEXITY; LANGUAGE; VERBS; TREE AB Background: Production of grammatical morphology is typically impaired in agrammatic aphasic individuals, as is their capacity to produce the syntactic structure responsible for licensing that morphology. Whether these two impairments are causally related has been an issue of long-standing debate. If morphological deficits are a side-effect of underlying syntactic ones, as has been claimed (Friedmann & Groudzinsky, 1997; Izvorski & Ullman, 1999), therapy that improves the syntactic deficit should remediate the morphological deficit as well. This paper reports a case study of one individual with such co-occurring impairments and describes their recovery in response to linguistically motivated treatment targeting his syntactic deficits. Methods & Procedures: MD is a 56-year-old male diagnosed with non-fluent Broca's aphasia subsequent to a left-hemisphere CVA, with limited capacity to produce syntactically complex utterances and grammatical morphology. He was enrolled in therapy using Treatment of Underlying Forms (TUF; Thompson & Shapiro, 2005), targeting production of sentences involving Wh-movement (object relative clauses). MD participated in twice-weekly treatment sessions for approximately 2 months, with daily probes assessing his production of treated and untreated sentence types. In addition, probes assessing his grammatical morphology and sentence production were administered pre- and post-treatment. Outcomes & Results: Pre-treatment scores in tests of grammatical morphology and sentence production indicated deficits in both domains. During treatment, MD successfully acquired production of a variety of sentences with Wh-movement, although this did not generalise to sentences involving a grammatically distinct movement operation (NP-movement). Post-treatment scores also indicated a lack of improvement in production of grammatical morphology. Conclusions: The dissociation between MD's morphological and syntactic recovery indicates that the recovery of syntactic and morphological processes in aphasia may occur independently in some individuals. The result would not be predicted by approaches in which morphological and syntactic impairments are strongly and causally related in aphasia, such as the tree-pruning hypothesis (Friedmann, 2001; Friedmann & Grodzinsky, 1997). Further, these results reinforce the conclusion that aphasia treatment can lead to generalisation, but only to linguistic material that is in a subset relation to trained structures (Thompson, Shapiro, Kiran, & Sobeeks, 2003). C1 Northwestern Univ, Dept Commun Sci & Disorders, Evanston, IL 60208 USA. RP Dickey, MW (reprint author), Northwestern Univ, Dept Commun Sci & Disorders, 2240 Campus Dr, Evanston, IL 60208 USA. EM m-dickey@northwestern.edu CR Ballard KJ, 1999, J SPEECH LANG HEAR R, V42, P690 Bastiaanse R, 2005, J NEUROLINGUIST, V18, P57, DOI 10.1016/j.jneuroling.2004.11.006 ECKMAN FR, 1988, APPL LINGUIST, V9, P1, DOI 10.1093/applin/9.1.1 Friedmann N, 2001, J PSYCHOLINGUIST RES, V30, P71, DOI 10.1023/A:1005256224207 Friedmann N, 1997, BRAIN LANG, V56, P397, DOI 10.1006/brln.1997.1795 Gahl S, 2003, BRAIN COGNITION, V53, P223, DOI 10.1016/S0278-2626(03)00114-3 HAGIWARA H, 1995, BRAIN LANG, V50, P92, DOI 10.1006/brln.1995.1041 Izvorski R, 1999, BRAIN LANG, V69, P288 KEAN ML, 1977, COGNITION, V5, P9, DOI 10.1016/0010-0277(77)90015-4 Kertesz A., 1982, W APHASIA BATTERY Lee M, 2004, J NEUROLINGUIST, V17, P315, DOI 10.1016/S0911-6044(03)00062-9 Menn L., 1990, AGRAMMATIC APHASIA Milman LH, 2004, BRAIN LANG, V91, P126, DOI 10.1016/j.bandl.2004.06.065 PERLMUTTER DAVID, 1978, BERKELEY LINGUISTICS, V4, P157 Rochon E, 2000, BRAIN LANG, V72, P193, DOI 10.1006/brln.1999.2285 THOMPSON CK, 2006, BRAIN LANG, V99, P69, DOI 10.1016/j.bandl.2006.06.049 THOMPSON CK, 2005, UNPUB NW ASSESSMENT THOMPSON CK, 1995, BRAIN LANG, V50, P201, DOI 10.1006/brln.1995.1045 Thompson CK, 1997, J SPEECH LANG HEAR R, V40, P228 Thompson CK, 2003, J SPEECH LANG HEAR R, V46, P591, DOI 10.1044/1092-4388(2003/047) Thompson CK, 2001, LANGUAGE INTERVENTIO, p[605, 612] Thompson CK, 2003, J NEUROLINGUIST, V16, P151, DOI 10.1016/S0911-6044(02)00014-3 Thompson CK, 2005, APHASIOLOGY, V19, P1021, DOI 10.1080/02687030544000227 NR 23 TC 6 Z9 6 PU PSYCHOLOGY PRESS PI HOVE PA 27 CHURCH RD, HOVE BN3 2FA, EAST SUSSEX, ENGLAND SN 0268-7038 J9 APHASIOLOGY JI Aphasiology PD JUN-AUG PY 2007 VL 21 IS 6-8 BP 604 EP 616 DI 10.1080/02687030701192059 PG 13 WC Clinical Neurology SC Neurosciences & Neurology GA 179XN UT WOS:000247323900007 ER PT J AU Lallini, N Miller, N Howard, D AF Lallini, Nicole Miller, Nick Howard, David TI Lexical influences on single word repetition in acquired spoken output impairment: A cross language comparison SO APHASIOLOGY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 36th Clinical Aphasiology Conference CY 2006 CL Ghent, BELGIUM ID NEIGHBORHOOD ACTIVATION; SYLLABLE FREQUENCY; SPEECH PRODUCTION; APHASIA; PHONOTACTICS; DENSITY; WORDLIKENESS; RECOGNITION; PERCEPTION; APRAXIA AB Background: Among the many factors that may affect speech production, phonological neighbourhood density (ND) and phonotactic probability (PROB) have displayed effects on speech and language performance in healthy speakers. What is not clear is if they show an effect in impaired speech output after stroke and if they do, whether this effect is facilitatory or inhibitory. Aims: To determine whether ND and/or PROB play a role in speech production accuracy in acquired output impairment after stroke. To compare the performance of English vs German speakers on a matched set of words in order to tease out language-specific and language-independent factors affecting impaired speech output. Methods & Procedures: Seven English and seven German native speakers with acquired output impairment after stroke repeated in their respective languages 509 real words that are (near) homophones across German and English (e.g., leader-Lieder; vine-Wein). Responses were transcribed phonetically and scored as correct or incorrect. Results & Outcomes: There was a small correlation between accuracy on near-homophones between English and German speakers (r =.201; p <.001). Correlating accuracy for speakers combined across both languages with language-independent factors (i.e., number of phonemes, syllables, clusters) showed significant independent effects of number of phonemes and clusters in the target, but multiple regressions did not show an effect of number of syllables. Within-language correspondence was greater than between-language correspondence (9.4% vs 4%; p <.00001). Correlating differences in accuracy in English/German with differences in language-specific factors (i.e., word and syllable frequency, PROB, ND) multiple regression displayed a significant independent effect of the target's word frequency but not of the target's ND, PROB, or syllable frequency. Conclusions: The small but significant correlation between accuracy on (near) homophones for English and German speakers suggests there are language-independent determinants of production accuracy, whereas greater within-language correspondence indicates language-specific determinants of performance. Only word frequency appears to have a significant (facilitatory) effect on response accuracy. Neither ND nor PROB had a significant effect on response accuracy in this study. The results are discussed in light of theoretical and methodological issues within the study. C1 Univ Newcastle Upon Tyne, Newcastle Upon Tyne NE1 7RU, Tyne & Wear, England. RP Lallini, N (reprint author), Univ Newcastle Upon Tyne, King George VI Bldg, Newcastle Upon Tyne NE1 7RU, Tyne & Wear, England. EM Nicole.Lallini@ncl.ac.uk CR Aichert I, 2004, BRAIN LANG, V88, P148, DOI 10.1016/S0093-934X(03)00296-7 Baayen R. H., 1995, CELEX LEXICAL DATABA Bailey TM, 2001, J MEM LANG, V44, P568, DOI 10.1006/jmla.2000.2756 Ballard KJ, 2000, APHASIOLOGY, V14, P969 Boyczuk JP, 1999, BRAIN LANG, V67, P46, DOI 10.1006/brln.1998.2049 DELL GS, 2002, PHONETICS PHONOLOGY Frisch SA, 2000, J MEM LANG, V42, P481, DOI 10.1006/jmla.1999.2692 Gordon JK, 2002, BRAIN LANG, V82, P113, DOI 10.1016/S0093-934X(02)00001-9 HUBER W, 1983, AACHENER APHAISE TES Laganaro M, 2005, J NEUROLINGUIST, V18, P221, DOI 10.1016/j.jneuroling.2004.12.001 LEVELT WJM, 1994, COGNITION, V50, P239, DOI 10.1016/0010-0277(94)90030-2 Levelt WJM, 1999, BEHAV BRAIN SCI, V22, P1 Luce P. A., 1986, 6 IND U PSYCH DEP SP Luce PA, 2001, LANG COGNITIVE PROC, V16, P565 Luce PA, 1998, EAR HEARING, V19, P1, DOI 10.1097/00003446-199802000-00001 McNeil MR, 1997, CLIN MANAGEMENT SENS, P311 MCNEIL MR, 2001, P 4 INT SPEECH MOT C, P337 Miller N, 2000, APHASIOLOGY, V14, P683 Miller Nick, 2002, Seminars in Speech and Language, V23, P223, DOI 10.1055/s-2002-35797 Munson B, 2004, J SPEECH LANG HEAR R, V47, P1048, DOI 10.1044/1092-4388(2004/078) NICKELS L, 1995, NEUROPSYCHOLOGIA, V33, P1281, DOI 10.1016/0028-3932(95)00102-9 Nickels L, 2004, COGN NEUROPSYCHOL, V21, P57, DOI 10.1080/02643290342000122 STEMBERGER JP, 1991, J MEM LANG, V30, P161, DOI 10.1016/0749-596X(91)90002-2 Vitevitch MS, 1999, J MEM LANG, V40, P374, DOI 10.1006/jmla.1998.2618 Vitevitch MS, 1998, PSYCHOL SCI, V9, P325, DOI 10.1111/1467-9280.00064 Ziegler Wolfram, 2002, Seminars in Speech and Language, V23, P231, DOI 10.1055/s-2002-35798 NR 26 TC 2 Z9 2 PU PSYCHOLOGY PRESS PI HOVE PA 27 CHURCH RD, HOVE BN3 2FA, EAST SUSSEX, ENGLAND SN 0268-7038 J9 APHASIOLOGY JI Aphasiology PD JUN-AUG PY 2007 VL 21 IS 6-8 BP 617 EP 631 DI 10.1080/02687030701192067 PG 15 WC Clinical Neurology SC Neurosciences & Neurology GA 179XN UT WOS:000247323900008 ER PT J AU Wambaugh, JL Wright, S AF Wambaugh, Julie L. Wright, Sandra TI Improved effects of word-retrieval treatments subsequent to addition of the orthographic form SO APHASIOLOGY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 36th Clinical Aphasiology Conference CY 2006 CL Ghent, BELGIUM ID APHASIA AB Background: The participant, an individual with moderate-severe Wernicke's aphasia, had not benefited from two word-retrieval cueing treatments in a previous investigation. The participant insisted that her performance would have been improved if the written word had been provided as part of the cueing process. Aims: The purpose of this investigation was to examine the effects of adding the orthographic form of targeted action names to a semantic cueing treatment (SCT) and a phonologic cueing treatment (PCT). Methods & Procedures: The participant received SCT and PCT applied to the retrieval of action names. The treatments both provided the written word form paired with the pictured action in conjunction with cueing hierarchies. Two, sequential multiple baseline designs across behaviours were employed to examine the acquisition and response generalisation effects of treatment. Outcomes & Results: Improved accuracy of action naming was found for both treatments. Gains were limited to trained items; no changes were observed in naming of untrained actions. Conclusions: It appeared that the participant utilised the orthographic word form to develop associations between the visual object recognition system and the orthographic input lexicon, thus facilitating access to the phonological output lexicon. C1 Univ Utah, Salt Lake City, UT 84112 USA. VA Salt Lake City Healthcare Syst, Salt Lake City, UT USA. RP Wambaugh, JL (reprint author), 151 A Foothill Blvd, Salt Lake City, UT 84148 USA. EM julie.wambaugh@health.utah.edu CR Dell GS, 1997, PSYCHOL REV, V104, P801, DOI 10.1037/0033-295X.104.4.801 Druks J., 2000, OBJECT ACTION NAMING GERMAN D, 1990, TEST ADOLESCENTLADUL Herbert R, 2001, INT J LANG COMM DIS, V36, P7 Howard D., 1992, PYRAMIDS PALM TREES Kay J., 1992, PSYCHOLINGUISTIC ASS Kertesz A., 1982, W APHASIA BATTERY Nickels L, 2002, APHASIOLOGY, V16, P935, DOI 10.1080/02687030244000563 Nickels L, 2002, APHASIOLOGY, V16, P1047, DOI 10.1080/02687040143000618 Porch B., 2001, PORCH INDEX COMMUNIC, V2 Raven J., 1998, COLOURED PROGR MATRI Wambaugh J, 2004, APHASIOLOGY, V18, P979, DOI 10.1080/02687030444000471 WAMBAUGH JL, 2007, UNPUB EFFECTS CUEING NR 13 TC 3 Z9 3 PU PSYCHOLOGY PRESS PI HOVE PA 27 CHURCH RD, HOVE BN3 2FA, EAST SUSSEX, ENGLAND SN 0268-7038 J9 APHASIOLOGY JI Aphasiology PD JUN-AUG PY 2007 VL 21 IS 6-8 BP 632 EP 642 DI 10.1080/02687030701192133 PG 11 WC Clinical Neurology SC Neurosciences & Neurology GA 179XN UT WOS:000247323900009 ER PT J AU Gordon, JK AF Gordon, Jean K. TI A contextual approach to facilitating word retrieval in agrammatic aphasia SO APHASIOLOGY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 36th Clinical Aphasiology Conference CY 2006 CL Ghent, BELGIUM ID VERB RETRIEVAL; IMPLICIT; DEFICITS; SPEECH; ADULTS; NOUNS AB Background: Although virtually all individuals with aphasia demonstrate problems with word retrieval, this symptom might arise for different reasons in individuals with different types of aphasia. A trade-off of dependence on semantic and syntactic information is hypothesised to underlie dissociations in word retrieval shown by fluent anomic and non-fluent agrammatic speakers. This division of labour predicts that strengthening semantic input will improve word retrieval for those with anomic aphasia, whereas strengthening syntactic input through contextual cues will improve word retrieval for those with agrammatic aphasia. Aims: To explore the outcome of a new treatment approach that proposes to improve word retrieval in individuals with agrammatic aphasia by implicitly strengthening the links between target words and associated words which co-occur in a connected speech context. Methods & Procedures: The outcomes of two therapy approaches were examined in two participants with agrammatic aphasia. One therapy approach focused on explicitly training semantic features of target words; the other, more novel, approach focused on implicitly strengthening contextual associations through story telling and retelling. It was predicted that the latter approach would result in greater benefits for the two agrammatic participants. Outcomes & Results: Although both therapy approaches appeared to be effective, the predicted advantage of the contextually based approach was not found. The evolution of the error patterns throughout the treatment was examined to help understand the mechanisms underlying the improvements shown for each participant. Conclusions: A novel treatment involving training words in a story context was shown to result in improved word retrieval for two participants with agrammatic aphasia. The merits of the approach are discussed, relative to more traditional explicit word retrieval therapy approaches. C1 Univ Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242 USA. RP Gordon, JK (reprint author), Univ Iowa, 125 B,WJSHC,250 Hawkins Dr, Iowa City, IA 52242 USA. EM jean-k-gordon@uiowa.edu CR Barde LHF, 2006, BRAIN LANG, V97, P266, DOI 10.1016/j.bandl.2005.11.002 Bastiaanse R, 1998, APHASIOLOGY, V12, P951, DOI 10.1080/02687039808249463 Bird H, 2002, J NEUROLINGUIST, V15, P209, DOI 10.1016/S0911-6044(01)00031-8 Boyle M., 1995, AM J SPEECH-LANG PAT, V4, P94 Breedin SD, 1998, BRAIN LANG, V63, P1, DOI 10.1006/brln.1997.1923 Conley A, 2003, APHASIOLOGY, V17, P203, DOI 10.1080/02687030244000617 Druks J., 2000, OBJECT ACTION NAMING Druks J, 2002, J NEUROLINGUIST, V15, P289, DOI 10.1016/S0911-6044(01)00029-X Francis WN, 1982, FREQUENCY ANAL ENGLI Goodglass H., 2001, ASSESSMENT APHASIA R, V3rd Goodglass H, 2001, BOSTON DIAGNOSTIC AP, V3rd Gordon JK, 2003, COGNITIVE SCI, V27, P1 Howard JH, 1997, PSYCHOL AGING, V12, P634, DOI 10.1037/0882-7974.12.4.634 Jakobson R., 1971, FUNDAMENTALS LANGUAG Kim M, 2004, BRAIN LANG, V88, P1, DOI 10.1016/S0093-934X(03)00147-0 MICELI G, 1984, CORTEX, V20, P207 Midford R, 2005, AGING NEUROPSYCHOL C, V12, P359, DOI 10.1080/13825580500246894 Olness GS, 2006, APHASIOLOGY, V20, P175, DOI 10.1080/02687030500472710 Pashek GV, 2002, APHASIOLOGY, V16, P261, DOI 10.1080/02687040143000573 Roach A., 1996, CLIN APHASIOLOGY, V24, P121 Rossion B, 2004, PERCEPTION, V33, P217, DOI 10.1068/p5117 SAFFRAN EM, 1989, BRAIN LANG, V37, P440, DOI 10.1016/0093-934X(89)90030-8 Schwartz MF, 2002, COGN NEUROPSYCHOL, V19, P263, DOI 10.1080/02643290143000187 WILLIAMS SE, 1982, BRAIN LANG, V17, P92, DOI 10.1016/0093-934X(82)90007-4 ZINGESER LB, 1990, BRAIN LANG, V39, P14, DOI 10.1016/0093-934X(90)90002-X NR 25 TC 2 Z9 2 PU PSYCHOLOGY PRESS PI HOVE PA 27 CHURCH RD, HOVE BN3 2FA, EAST SUSSEX, ENGLAND SN 0268-7038 J9 APHASIOLOGY JI Aphasiology PD JUN-AUG PY 2007 VL 21 IS 6-8 BP 643 EP 657 DI 10.1080/02687030701192141 PG 15 WC Clinical Neurology SC Neurosciences & Neurology GA 179XN UT WOS:000247323900010 ER PT J AU van der Merwe, A AF van der Merwe, Anita TI Self-correction in apraxia of speech: The effect of treatment SO APHASIOLOGY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 36th Clinical Aphasiology Conference CY 2006 CL Ghent, BELGIUM AB Background. Overt attempts at self-correction of speech errors reflect conscious monitoring of speech output. The ability to monitor speech reveals something about the dynamics of motor control. Speakers with apraxia of speech (AOS) attempt to self-correct speech, but systematic analyses of self-correction in AOS have rarely been done. Aims: The aims of the study were to determine the effect of treatment on the number of overt attempted self-corrections during the course of treatment, on the number of overt attempted self-corrections as a percentage of the total number of incorrect productions, and on successful self-corrections as a percentage of the total number of self-corrections. Methods & Procedures: One speaker with AOS was treated for a period of 18 months. Self-corrections were noted during three repetitions of 110 words and 110 nonwords. Three pre-treatment baseline probes and four subsequent probes, spanning the treatment period, were performed. Outcomes & Results: The number of attempted self-corrections decreased and the percentage of successful self-corrections increased during treatment. However, attempted self-corrections as a percentage of the total number of incorrect productions remained fairly stable during treatment. Conclusions: The results indicate that success of overt self-corrections improved during treatment. However, the almost unchanged number of self-corrections as a percentage of the total number of incorrect productions suggests that the process of internal predictive control remained dysfunctional. The inadvertent occurrence of speech errors points towards a loss or dysfunction of volitional control of speech production. Mental practice as a complementary treatment technique may need to be considered. A continuum of volitional control of speech is presented to explain AOS. C1 Univ Pretoria, Dept Commun Pathol, ZA-0002 Pretoria, South Africa. RP van der Merwe, A (reprint author), Univ Pretoria, Dept Commun Pathol, ZA-0002 Pretoria, South Africa. EM anita.vandermerwe@up.ac.za CR Baars B., 1992, EXPT SLIPS HUMAN ERR, P3 DEAL JL, 1972, J SPEECH HEAR RES, V15, P639 Duffy J.R, 2005, MOTOR SPEECH DISORDE KAWATO M, 1992, TRENDS NEUROSCI, V15, P445, DOI 10.1016/0166-2236(92)90008-V KEELE SW, 1982, HUMAN MOTOR BEHAV IN, P161 Kelso J. A. S., 1982, HUMAN MOTOR BEHAV IN, P21 LEVELT WJ, 1995, SPEAKING INTENTION A McNeil MR, 1997, CLIN MANAGEMENT SENS Oomen CCE, 2001, J PSYCHOLINGUIST RES, V30, P163, DOI 10.1023/A:1010377828778 Schmidt RA, 1999, MOTOR CONTROL LEARNI Van der Merwe A., 1997, CLIN MANAGEMENT SENS van der Merwe A, 1988, S Afr J Commun Disord, V35, P45 VANDERMERWE A, 1998, 9 BIENN C MOT SPEECH VANDERMERWE A, 1998, 8 INT APH REH C PIL VANDERMERWE A, 2006, 5 INT C SPEECH MOT C, V14, P72 VANDERMERWE A, 1985, TREATMENT PROGRAM DE Wertz RT, 1984, APRAXIA SPEECH ADULT NR 17 TC 6 Z9 6 PU PSYCHOLOGY PRESS PI HOVE PA 27 CHURCH RD, HOVE BN3 2FA, EAST SUSSEX, ENGLAND SN 0268-7038 J9 APHASIOLOGY JI Aphasiology PD JUN-AUG PY 2007 VL 21 IS 6-8 BP 658 EP 669 DI 10.1080/02687030701192174 PG 12 WC Clinical Neurology SC Neurosciences & Neurology GA 179XN UT WOS:000247323900011 ER PT J AU Lorenz, A Nickels, L AF Lorenz, Antje Nickels, Lyndsey TI Orthographic cueing in anomic aphasia: How does it work? SO APHASIOLOGY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 36th Clinical Aphasiology Conference CY 2006 CL Ghent, BELGIUM ID RETRIEVAL; FACILITATION; THERAPY AB Background: Both orthographic and phonological information from the target word can be appropriate cues in anomia treatment. Furthermore, both types of cues are used very frequently in clinical practice, although their underlying mechanisms of effectiveness and stability are still a matter of debate (e.g., Basso, Marangolo, Piras, & Galluzzi, 2001; Best, Herbert, Hickin, Osborne, & Howard, 2002; Howard & Harding, 1998). Ahus: The aim of the study was to examine the mechanisms by which orthographic cues are effective in detail. The study addresses two questions. First, what is the relationship between sublexical transcoding ability and the effectiveness of orthographic cues? And second, what is the relationship between effectiveness of orthographic cues and effectiveness of phonological cues? Methods & Procedures: Three people with chronic aphasia and moderate to severe anomia participated in facilitation of spoken naming, using either the initial phoneme or initial letter of the target word. Both immediate and delayed effects were assessed over six facilitation sessions. Orthographic and phonological cue effects were investigated with regard to regularity of orthographic-phonological conversion (OPC) of the target's initial letter, and with regard to sub-lexical and lexical reading and repetition in the participants using a multiple single-case design (cf. Howard, 2003). Outcomes & Results: In one participant both phonological and orthographic cues produced similar effects. In the other two participants, orthographic cueing effects were present in the absence of phonological cueing effects. With regard to regularity of the initial letter-phoneme conversion in the orthographic condition, a similar pattern overall was present for regular, ambiguous, and irregular target words, e.g., initial letter cues seemed to be similarly effective in words such as KNIFE (irregular OPC of initial letter) as in words such as KING or DOLL. Conclusions: Initial letter cues are appropriate cues for the effective treatment of anomia as they may produce strong and long-lasting effects. In contrast to earlier predictions (e.g., Bruce & Howard, 1988), initial letter cues may be effective even in participants where the initial phoneme cue remains totally ineffective. There are likely to be various mechanisms of effectiveness underpinning orthographic cue effects: a sub-lexical mechanism and a lexical mechanism of effectiveness. C1 Univ Potsdam, Dept Linguist, D-14476 Golm, Germany. Macquarie Univ, Sydney, NSW 2109, Australia. RP Lorenz, A (reprint author), Univ Potsdam, Dept Linguist, Karl Liebknecht Str 24-25, D-14476 Golm, Germany. EM lorenz@ling.uni-potsdam.de CR Baayen R. H., 1995, CELEX LEXICAL DATABA Bachy-Langedock N, 1989, COGNITIVE APPROACHES, P211 Basso A, 2001, BRAIN LANG, V77, P45, DOI 10.1006/brln.2000.2422 Bastiaanse R, 1996, APHASIOLOGY, V10, P363, DOI 10.1080/02687039608248417 Best W, 2002, APHASIOLOGY, V16, P151 BRUCE C, 1988, NEUROPSYCHOLOGIA, V26, P253, DOI 10.1016/0028-3932(88)90078-4 Hickin J, 2002, APHASIOLOGY, V16, P981, DOI 10.1080/02687030244000509 HOWARD D, 1985, COGNITIVE NEUROPSYCH, V2, P49, DOI 10.1080/02643298508252861 Howard D., 1992, PYRAMIDS PALM TREES Howard D., 2003, SCI APHASIA THERAPY, P245, DOI 10.1016/B978-008044073-6/50017-1 Howard D, 1998, APHASIOLOGY, V12, P399, DOI 10.1080/02687039808249540 Kay J., 1992, PSYCHOLINGUISTIC ASS LORENZ A, 2004, THESIS U POTSDAM Monsell S., 1987, LANGUAGE PERCEPTION, P273 Nickels L, 2002, APHASIOLOGY, V16, P935, DOI 10.1080/02687030244000563 NICKELS L, 1995, NEUROPSYCHOLOGIA, V33, P1281, DOI 10.1016/0028-3932(95)00102-9 NICKELS L, 1992, COGNITIVE NEUROPSYCH, V9, P155, DOI 10.1080/02643299208252057 PATTERSON KE, 1983, APHASIA THERAPY, P76 Wambaugh JL, 2001, APHASIOLOGY, V15, P933 ZIERDT A, 1998, UNIVERSAL DATA ACQUI NR 20 TC 7 Z9 7 PU PSYCHOLOGY PRESS PI HOVE PA 27 CHURCH RD, HOVE BN3 2FA, EAST SUSSEX, ENGLAND SN 0268-7038 J9 APHASIOLOGY JI Aphasiology PD JUN-AUG PY 2007 VL 21 IS 6-8 BP 670 EP 686 DI 10.1080/02687030701192182 PG 17 WC Clinical Neurology SC Neurosciences & Neurology GA 179XN UT WOS:000247323900012 ER PT J AU Bowes, K Martin, N AF Bowes, Kelly Martin, Nadine TI Longitudinal study of reading and writing rehabilitation using a bigraph-biphone correspondence approach SO APHASIOLOGY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 36th Clinical Aphasiology Conference CY 2006 CL Ghent, BELGIUM ID PHONOLOGICAL ALEXIA; DEEP ALEXIA; IMPAIRMENTS; CONTINUUM AB Background: Treatments for sound-blending ability in phonological dyslexia that train single grapheme-phoneme correspondences have had mixed success. A more recent approach to re-establishing sound-blending abilities is to train correspondences of bigraph-biphone units (CV + VC = CVC) (Berndt, Haendiges, Mitchum & Wayland, 1996; Friedman & Lott, 2002). This approach has proved beneficial thus far, although the reasons for its success are not yet fully understood. Aims: The purpose of this longitudinal investigation was to use the bigraph-biphone segment-blending approach to improve both reading and writing abilities in an individual with phonological dyslexia/dysgraphia. Re-establishing this ability laid the foundation for continued treatment with longer words and phrases. Methods & Procedures: A case study design combining reading and writing treatment was used in three treatment protocols. Initially, treatment focused on improving the participant's awareness of bigraph-biphone correspondences and sound-blending abilities for one-syllable nonwords. The successful completion of this protocol was followed by two treatments to extend these abilities to reading and writing two-syllable words and eventually phrase-length material. Outcomes & Results: Gains were made in all treatment protocols. The participant progressed from an inability to read one-syllable nonwords to reading and writing phrase-length material. Conclusions: This study provides further evidence that using bigraph-biphone correspondences to train sound-blending abilities can improve both reading and writing abilities in cases of phonological dyslexia. Furthermore, the success of this treatment programme illustrates the benefit of a targeted treatment programme even 5 years post onset of aphasia, for reading and writing rehabilitation. C1 Temple Univ, Dept Commun Sci, Ctr Cognit Neurosci, Philadelphia, PA 19122 USA. RP Bowes, K (reprint author), Temple Univ, Dept Commun Sci, Ctr Cognit Neurosci, Weiss Hall Room 110,1701 N 13th St, Philadelphia, PA 19122 USA. EM Kbowes@temple.edu CR Berndt RS, 1996, COGNITIVE NEUROPSYCH, V13, P763, DOI 10.1080/026432996381809 Coltheart M., 1980, DEEP DYSLEXIA DELL GS, IN PRESS J MEMORY LA DEPARTZ MP, 1986, COGNITIVE NEUROPSYCH, V3, P149, DOI 10.1080/02643298608252674 Dunn L. M., 1981, PEABODY PICTURE VOCA Francis WN, 1982, FREQUENCY ANAL ENGLI Friedman RB, 1996, BRAIN LANG, V52, P114, DOI 10.1006/brln.1996.0006 Friedman RB, 2002, APHASIOLOGY, V16, P355, DOI 10.1080/02687040143000627 GLOSSER G, 1990, CORTEX, V26, P343 Howard D., 1992, PYRAMIDS PALM TREES Kaplan E, 1983, BOSTON NAMING TEST S Kay J., 1992, PALPA PSYCHOLINGUIST LAINE M, 1990, CLIN NEUROPSYCHOLOGY, P80 LaPointe L., 1998, READING COMPREHENSIO Martin N, 2006, APHASIOLOGY, V20, P154, DOI 10.1080/02687030500472520 Martin N, 1997, COGNITIVE NEUROPSYCH, V14, P641 Martin N, 2004, APHASIOLOGY, V18, P457, DOI 10.1080/02687030444000129 Mitchum C. C., 1991, J NEUROLINGUIST, V6, P103, DOI 10.1016/0911-6044(91)90003-2 NICKELS L, 1992, COGNITIVE NEUROPSYCH, V9, P155, DOI 10.1080/02643299208252057 SAFFRAN EM, 1988, PHILADELPHIA COMPREH Schwartz MF, 2006, J MEM LANG, V54, P228, DOI 10.1016/j.jml.2005.10.001 Siegel S., 1956, NONPARAMETRIC STAT B NR 22 TC 4 Z9 4 PU PSYCHOLOGY PRESS PI HOVE PA 27 CHURCH RD, HOVE BN3 2FA, EAST SUSSEX, ENGLAND SN 0268-7038 J9 APHASIOLOGY JI Aphasiology PD JUN-AUG PY 2007 VL 21 IS 6-8 BP 687 EP 701 DI 10.1080/02687030701192117 PG 15 WC Clinical Neurology SC Neurosciences & Neurology GA 179XN UT WOS:000247323900013 ER PT J AU Duff, MC Hengst, JA Tranel, D Cohen, NJ AF Duff, Melissa C. Hengst, Julie A. Tranel, Daniel Cohen, Neal J. TI Talking across time: Using reported speech as a communicative resource in amnesia SO APHASIOLOGY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 36th Clinical Aphasiology Conference CY 2006 CL Ghent, BELGIUM ID MEMORY; LESIONS AB Background: Patients with amnesia may have more than pure memory deficits, as evidenced by reports of subtle linguistic impairments on formal laboratory tasks in the amnesic patient HM. However, little attention has been given to the impact of memory impairments on language use in regular, colloquial interactions. We analysed reported speech use by individuals with amnesia. Reported speech (RS), in which speakers represent thoughts/words from another time and/or place, requires management of two temporal frames, making it an interesting discourse practice in which to explore the impact of memory deficits on interactional aspects of communication. Aims: This study: (1) documents frequency, type, and temporal contexts of reported speech used in discourse samples; (2) compares reported speech use by amnesic and comparison participants; (3) examines the interactional character of reported speech use in these discourse samples. interactional aspects of communication in the empirical study of brain-behaviour relationships, and reconceptualise interaction as a target in the remediation of functional communication following brain injury. Methods and Procedures: Derived from a broader study of the discourse practices of individuals with amnesia, this study uses quantitative group comparisons and close discourse analysis to analyse reported speech episodes (RSEs) in interactional discourse samples between a clinician and each of 18 participants, 9 individuals with amnesia and 9 comparison participants (NC). Outcomes and Results: Reported speech was used by all participants. However, significantly fewer RSEs were produced in amnesia sessions (273) than in NC sessions (554). No significant group differences were observed for type or temporal domain. In addition, for the participants with amnesia, post-amnesia past RSEs differed qualitatively from the other RSEs in the data. Conclusions: These findings have important implications for understanding the interdependent relationship of memory and language, point to the value of examining interactional aspects of communication in the empirical study of brain-behaviour relationships, and reconceptualise interaction as a target in the remediation of functional communication following brain injury. C1 Univ Iowa, Coll Med, Dept Neurol, Iowa City, IA 52242 USA. Univ Illinois, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. RP Duff, MC (reprint author), Univ Iowa, Coll Med, Dept Neurol, 200 Hawkins Dr RCP 2100, Iowa City, IA 52242 USA. EM melissa-duff@uiowa.edu CR Allen JS, 2006, J CLIN EXP NEUROPSYC, V28, P457, DOI 10.1080/13803390590949287 Bayley PJ, 2003, NEURON, V38, P135, DOI 10.1016/S0896-6273(03)00156-9 Cherney L. R., 1998, ANAL DISCOURSE COMMU CLARK HH, 1990, LANGUAGE, V66, P764, DOI 10.2307/414729 COHEN NJ, 1980, SCIENCE, V210, P207, DOI 10.1126/science.7414331 Cohen NJ, 1993, MEMORY AMNESIA HIPPO Cohen NJ, 1984, NEUROPSYCHOLOGY MEMO, P83 Corkin S, 2002, NAT REV NEUROSCI, V3, P153, DOI 10.1038/nrn726 Duff MC, 2006, NAT NEUROSCI, V9, P140, DOI 10.1038/nn1601 DUFF MC, 2005, LANGUAGE MEMORY ANAL Eichenbaum H, 2001, CONDITIONING CONSCIO Giles H., 1991, CONTEXTS ACCOMMODATI HENGST J, 2007, TOP LANG DISORD, V27, P36 Hengst JA, 2005, J SPEECH LANG HEAR R, V48, P137, DOI 10.1044/1092-43888(2005/011) Lucy J.A., 1993, REFLEXIVE LANGUAGE R, P91 MacKay DG, 1998, J MEM LANG, V38, P28, DOI 10.1006/jmla.1997.2544 McCarthy M., 1998, SPOKEN LANGUAGE APPL Myers G, 1999, APPL LINGUIST, V20, P376, DOI 10.1093/applin/20.3.376 OCONNOR MG, 1995, BROKEN MEMORIES CASE, P45 Ogden J.A., 1991, MEMORY MECH TRIBUTE SCOVILLE WB, 1957, J NEUROL NEUROSUR PS, V20, P11, DOI 10.1136/jnnp.20.1.11 SQUIRE LR, 1992, PSYCHOL REV, V99, P195, DOI 10.1037//0033-295X.99.2.195 Squire LR, 1987, MEMORY BRAIN Tannen D., 1989, TALKING VOICES REPET TATE R, 2002, HDB MEMORY DISORDERS, P17 Tranel D, 2006, J CLIN EXP NEUROPSYC, V28, P43, DOI 10.1080/13803390490919344 Tranel D, 2000, HDB NEUROPSYCHOLOGY, V2, P85 Volosinov V. N, 1986, MARXISM PHILOS LANGU Wilson B, 1999, CASE STUDIES NEUROPS Wilson B. A., 1995, BROKEN MEMORIES CASE, P14 NR 30 TC 12 Z9 12 PU PSYCHOLOGY PRESS PI HOVE PA 27 CHURCH RD, HOVE BN3 2FA, EAST SUSSEX, ENGLAND SN 0268-7038 J9 APHASIOLOGY JI Aphasiology PD JUN-AUG PY 2007 VL 21 IS 6-8 BP 702 EP 716 DI 10.1080/02687030701192265 PG 15 WC Clinical Neurology SC Neurosciences & Neurology GA 179XN UT WOS:000247323900014 ER PT J AU Scharp, VL Tompkins, CA Iverson, JM AF Scharp, Victoria L. Tompkins, Connie A. Iverson, Jana M. TI Gesture and aphasia: Helping hands? SO APHASIOLOGY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 36th Clinical Aphasiology Conference CY 2006 CL Ghent, BELGIUM ID SPEECH; CUES AB Background: The study of communicative gestures is one of considerable interest for aphasia, in relation to theory, diagnosis, and treatment. Significant limitations currently permeate the general (psycho)linguistic literature on gesture production, and attention to these limitations is essential for both continued investigation and clinical application of gesture for people with aphasia. Aims: The aims of this paper are to discuss issues imperative to advancing the gesture production literature and to provide specific suggestions for applying the material herein to studies in gesture production for people with aphasia. Main Contribution: Two primary perspectives in the gesture production literature are distinct in their proposals about the function of gesture, and about where gesture arises in the communication stream. These two perspectives will be discussed, along with three elements considered to be prerequisites for advancing the research on gesture production. These include: operational definitions, coding systems, and the temporal synchrony characteristics of gesture. Conclusions: Addressing the specific elements discussed in this paper will provide essential information for both continued investigation and clinical application of gesture for people with aphasia. C1 Univ Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15206 USA. RP Scharp, VL (reprint author), Univ Pittsburgh, 4033 Forbes Tower, Pittsburgh, PA 15206 USA. EM scharpvl@hotmail.com CR Alibali MW, 1999, PSYCHOL SCI, V10, P327, DOI 10.1111/1467-9280.00163 BLONDER LX, 1995, NEUROPSYCHOLOGIA, V33, P203, DOI 10.1016/0028-3932(94)00099-B Butterworth B., 1978, RECENT ADV PSYCHOL L, P347 BUTTERWORTH B, 1981, JARGONAPHASIA, P113 CICONE M, 1979, BRAIN LANG, V8, P324, DOI 10.1016/0093-934X(79)90060-9 Cunningham R, 2003, APHASIOLOGY, V17, P687, DOI 10.1080/02687030344000184 Davis G, 1985, ADULT APHASIA REHABI De Ruiter J. P., 2000, LANGUAGE GESTURE, P284, DOI DOI 10.1017/CBO9780511620850.018 De Ruiter J.-P., 2006, ADV SPEECH LANGUAGE, V8, P124, DOI DOI 10.1080/14417040600667285 DUFFY RJ, 1981, J SPEECH HEAR RES, V24, P70 Duffy R. J., 1975, J SPEECH HEAR DISORD, V44, P156 Efron D., 1941, GESTURE ENV FOUNDAS AL, 1995, BRAIN COGNITION, V29, P204, DOI 10.1006/brcg.1995.1277 Frick-Horbury D, 2002, AM J PSYCHOL, V115, P1, DOI 10.2307/1423671 BUTTERWORTH B, 1989, PSYCHOL REV, V96, P168, DOI 10.1037//0033-295X.96.1.168 Holland A., 1980, COMMUNICATIVE ABILIT Kendon A., 1980, RELATIONSHIP VERBAL, P207 Krauss R., 1999, GESTURE SPEECH SIGN, P63 Krauss R. M., 2000, LANGUAGE GESTURE, P261, DOI DOI 10.1017/CBO9780511620850.017 KRAUSS RM, 1996, ADV EXPT SOCIAL PSYC, V26, P389 LEVELT W, 1989, SPEAKING INTENTION A Mayberry R., 2000, LANGUAGE GESTURE, P199, DOI 10.1017/CBO9780511620850.013 McNeill D., 2005, GESTURE AND THOUGHT McNeill D., 1992, HAND MIND GESTURES R Melinger A., 2004, GESTURE, V4, P119, DOI DOI 10.1075/GEST.4.2.02MEL MORRELSAMUELS P, 1992, J EXP PSYCHOL LEARN, V18, P615, DOI 10.1037/0278-7393.18.3.615 Morsella E, 2005, J PSYCHOLINGUIST RES, V34, P415, DOI 10.1007/s10936-005-6141-9 Porch B. E., 1967, PORCH INDEX COMMUNIC POWER E, 2006, ADV SPEECH LANGUAGE, V8, P149 Rauscher FH, 1996, PSYCHOL SCI, V7, P226, DOI 10.1111/j.1467-9280.1996.tb00364.x RECORDS NL, 1994, J SPEECH HEAR RES, V37, P1086 Rime B., 1991, FUNDAMENTALS NONVERB, P239 RODRIGUEZ AD, 2006, ADV SPEECH LANGUAGE, V8, P120, DOI 10.1080/14417040600667400 Rose M., 2006, ADV SPEECH LANGUAGE, V8, P92, DOI 10.1080/14417040600657948 Rosenbek J.C., 1989, APHASIA CLIN APPROAC Tompkins CA, 2006, APHASIOLOGY, V20, P684, DOI 10.1080/02687030500334076 TUITE K, 1993, SEMIOTICA, V93, P83, DOI 10.1515/semi.1993.93.1-2.83 NR 37 TC 2 Z9 2 PU PSYCHOLOGY PRESS PI HOVE PA 27 CHURCH RD, HOVE BN3 2FA, EAST SUSSEX, ENGLAND SN 0268-7038 J9 APHASIOLOGY JI Aphasiology PD JUN-AUG PY 2007 VL 21 IS 6-8 BP 717 EP 725 DI 10.1080/02687030701192273 PG 9 WC Clinical Neurology SC Neurosciences & Neurology GA 179XN UT WOS:000247323900015 ER PT J AU Bose, A Buchanan, L AF Bose, Arpita Buchanan, Lori TI A cognitive and psycholinguistic investigation of neologisms SO APHASIOLOGY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 36th Clinical Aphasiology Conference CY 2006 CL Ghent, BELGIUM ID JARGON APHASIA; PHONOLOGICAL ERRORS; WORD-RETRIEVAL; FACILITATION; COMPREHENSION AB Background: Jargon aphasia with neologisms (i.e., novel nonword utterances) is a challenging language disorder that lacks a definitive theoretical description as well as clear treatment recommendations (Marshall, 2006). Aim: The aims of this two-part investigation were to determine the source of neologisms in an individual (FF) with jargon aphasia, to identify potential facilitatory semantic and/or phonological cueing effects in picture naming, and to determine whether the timing of the cues relative to the target picture mediated the cueing advantage. Methods, and Procedures: FF's underlying linguistic deficits were determined using several cognitive and linguistic tests. A series of computerised naming experiments using a modified version of the 175-item Philadelphia Naming Test (Roach, Schwartz, Martin, Grewal, & Brecher, 1996) manipulated the cue type (semantic versus phonological) and relatedness (related versus unrelated). In a follow-up experiment, the relative timing of phonological cues was manipulated to test the effect of timing on the cueing advantage. The accuracy of naming responses and error patterns were analysed. Outcome and Results: FF's performance on the linguistic and cognitive test battery revealed a severe naming impairment with relatively spared word and nonword repetition, auditory comprehension of words and monitoring, and fairly well-preserved semantic abilities. This performance profile was used to evaluate various explanations for neologisms including a loss of phonological codes, monitoring failure, and impairments in semantic system. The primary locus of his deficit appears to involve the connection between semantics to phonology, specifically, when word production involves accessing the phonological forms following semantic access. FF showed a significant cueing advantage only for phonological cues in picture naming, particularly when the cue preceded or coincided with the onset of the target picture. Conclusions: When integrated with previous findings, the results from this study suggest that the core deficit of this and at least some other individuals with jargon aphasia is in the connection from semantics to phonology. The facilitative advantage of phonological cues could potentially be exploited in future clinical and research studies to test the effectiveness of these cues for enhancing naming performance in individuals like FF. C1 Univ Windsor, Dept Psychol, Windsor, ON N9A 5G8, Canada. RP Bose, A (reprint author), Univ Windsor, Dept Psychol, 401 Sunset Ave, Windsor, ON N9A 5G8, Canada. EM bosea@uwindsor.ca CR Baum SR, 1997, BRAIN LANG, V60, P347, DOI 10.1006/brln.1997.1829 Best W, 2002, APHASIOLOGY, V16, P151 Buckingham H, 1987, APHASIOLOGY, V1, P381, DOI 10.1080/02687038708248861 BUTTERWORTH B, 1992, COGNITION, V42, P261, DOI 10.1016/0010-0277(92)90045-J CHRISTMAN SS, 1994, BRAIN LANG, V46, P109, DOI 10.1006/brln.1994.1007 Croot K, 1999, COGNITIVE NEUROPSYCH, V16, P705, DOI 10.1080/026432999380627 ELLIS AW, 1983, COGNITION, V15, P111, DOI 10.1016/0010-0277(83)90036-7 ELMAN RJ, 1992, CLIN APHASIOLOGY, V21, P255 Goodglass H., 2001, ASSESSMENT APHASIA R, V3rd Hagoort P, 1997, BRAIN LANG, V56, P287, DOI 10.1006/brln.1997.1849 Hillis AE, 1999, NEUROLOGY, V53, P1813 Howard D., 1992, PYRAMIDS PALM TREES Kay J., 1992, PSYCHOLINGUISTIC ASS Kertesz A, 1970, Cortex, V6, P362 Lambon Ralph Matthew A., 2000, Neuropsychologia, V38, P186, DOI 10.1016/S0028-3932(99)00056-1 LEDORZE G, 1994, APHASIOLOGY, V8, P127 LI EC, 1991, NEUROPSYCHOLOGIA, V29, P1083 Marshall J, 1998, BRAIN LANG, V63, P79, DOI 10.1006/brln.1997.1936 Marshall J, 2006, APHASIOLOGY, V20, P387, DOI 10.1080/02687030500489946 MARSHALL RC, 2001, LANGUAGE INTERVENTIO Martin N, 2000, APHASIOLOGY, V14, P53 MEYER AS, 1991, J EXP PSYCHOL LEARN, V17, P1146, DOI 10.1037/0278-7393.17.6.1146 Moses MS, 2004, NEUROCASE, V10, P452, DOI 10.1080/13554790490894057 NICKELS L, 1995, CORTEX, V31, P209 Roach A., 1996, CLIN APHASIOLOGY, V24, P121 SCHWARTZ MF, 1994, BRAIN LANG, V47, P52, DOI 10.1006/brln.1994.1042 Schwartz MF, 2004, COGN NEUROPSYCHOL, V21, P159, DOI 10.1080/02643290342000519 Wilshire CE, 2005, COGNITION, V95, P31, DOI 10.1016/j.cognition.2004.02.004 NR 28 TC 3 Z9 3 PU PSYCHOLOGY PRESS PI HOVE PA 27 CHURCH RD, HOVE BN3 2FA, EAST SUSSEX, ENGLAND SN 0268-7038 J9 APHASIOLOGY JI Aphasiology PD JUN-AUG PY 2007 VL 21 IS 6-8 BP 726 EP 738 DI 10.1080/02687030701192315 PG 13 WC Clinical Neurology SC Neurosciences & Neurology GA 179XN UT WOS:000247323900016 ER PT J AU Cote, H Payer, M Giroux, F Joanette, Y AF Cote, Helene Payer, Melissa Giroux, Francine Joanette, Yves TI Towards a description of clinical communication impairment profiles following right-hemisphere damage SO APHASIOLOGY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 36th Clinical Aphasiology Conference CY 2006 CL Ghent, BELGIUM ID PROSODY AB Background: It is estimated that approximately 50% of individuals who incur right-hemisphere damage (RHD) have subsequent communication disorders. Lexical-semantic, discourse, prosodic, and pragmatic deficits have been reported following RHD, but the co-occurrence of these deficits within the same individual has not yet been systematically investigated. Therefore clinical profiles of communication impairments in individuals with RHD still have to be identified and described in order to appreciate their communication impairment and provide strategies for rehabilitation. Aims: The goal of the present study was to explore the clinical profiles of communication impairments subsequent to a right hemisphere lesion. Methods and Procedures: A total of 28 French-speaking individuals with a right-hemisphere lesion were evaluated using the Protocole MEC (Joanette, Ska, & Cote, 2004), a normalised battery allowing the assessment of communication deficits after RHD. A hierarchical cluster analysis was used to group participants according to similarities in their results on the 14 tasks. Outcomes and Results: Four subgroups of RHD individuals were identified on the basis of the overall similarities of performance on the 14 tasks of the Protocole, MEC. Participants in the first cluster showed impairments in all four language components evaluated, whereas the second cluster of participants was also impaired in prosodic, lexical-semantic, and pragmatic abilities, but was characterised by a relative preservation of discourse abilities. The third cluster of participants did not show any abnormal results. Finally, two individuals were mainly characterised by some lexical-semantic deficits. Conclusions: The Protocole MEC used in conjunction with a cluster analysis provided a first step towards the identification of communication impairment profiles among the population of individuals with RHD. In the present study it was not possible to clearly identify the relationship between a given profile and factors such as lesion site, age, or C1 Univ Montreal, Inst Univ Geriatr Montreal, Montreal, PQ H3W 1W5, Canada. Hop Readaptat Villa Med, Montreal, PQ, Canada. RP Cote, H (reprint author), Univ Montreal, Inst Univ Geriatr Montreal, 4565 Chemin Queen Mary, Montreal, PQ H3W 1W5, Canada. EM helene.cote.1@umontreal.ca CR Aldenderfer M, 1985, CLUSTER ANAL Benton E, 1996, INT J REHABIL RES, V19, P47, DOI 10.1097/00004356-199603000-00005 Blake M. L., 2002, APHASIOLOGY, V16, P537, DOI 10.1080/02687030244000194 Bryan K., 1995, RIGHT HEMISPHERE LAN Bryan K., 1989, RIGHT HEMISPHERE LAN CHANTRAINE Y, 1998, PRAGMATICS NEUROGENI, P21 Code C., 1987, LANGUAGE APHASIA RIG Cote H., 2004, REEDUCATION ORTHOPHO, V219, P107 ECK K, 2001, 7 C LAT NEUR SAO PAU Eisenson J., 1959, AM SPEECH HEARING AS, V1, P107 Gagnon L, 2003, BRAIN LANG, V87, P217, DOI 10.1016/S0093-934X(03)00057-9 GARDNER H, 1975, BRAIN, V98, P399, DOI 10.1093/brain/98.3.399 HALPER AS, 1996, RIC EVALUATION COMMU Joanette Y, 2004, PROTOCOLE MONTREAL E Joanette Y., 1990, RIGHT HEMISPHERE VER Joanette Y., 1991, REV NEUROPSYCHOL, V1, P3 JOANETTE Y, 1994, CLIN APHASIOL, V22, P1 LojekOsiejuk E, 1996, BRAIN LANG, V53, P58, DOI 10.1006/brln.1996.0037 Myers P. S, 1979, CLIN APH C P MINN, P38 Myers P. S., 1999, RIGHT HEMISPHERE DAM Myers PS, 1995, CLIN APHASIOL, V23, P195 Myers PS, 2005, APHASIOLOGY, V19, P1147, DOI 10.1080/02687030500331585 Pell MD, 1999, BRAIN LANG, V69, P161, DOI 10.1006/brln.1999.2065 Sidtis DV, 2006, BRAIN LANG, V97, P135 Tompkins CA, 1995, RIGHT HEMISPHERE COM Vanhalle C, 2000, APHASIOLOGY, V14, P1127, DOI 10.1080/02687030050174665 Walker JP, 2000, BRAIN LANG, V74, P321 NR 27 TC 13 Z9 14 PU PSYCHOLOGY PRESS PI HOVE PA 27 CHURCH RD, HOVE BN3 2FA, EAST SUSSEX, ENGLAND SN 0268-7038 J9 APHASIOLOGY JI Aphasiology PD JUN-AUG PY 2007 VL 21 IS 6-8 BP 739 EP 749 DI 10.1080/02687030701192331 PG 11 WC Clinical Neurology SC Neurosciences & Neurology GA 179XN UT WOS:000247323900017 ER PT J AU Marshall, RC McGurk, SR Karow, CM Kairy, TJ AF Marshall, Robert C. McGurk, Susan R. Karow, Colleen M. Kairy, Tamar J. TI Problem-solving abilities of participants with and without diffuse neurologic involvement SO APHASIOLOGY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 36th Clinical Aphasiology Conference CY 2006 CL Ghent, BELGIUM ID ALZHEIMERS-DISEASE; BRAIN-INJURY; INDIVIDUALS; DEFICITS; ADULTS; AGE AB Background: Impaired problem solving is a frequent consequence of brain trauma and other conditions that result in diffuse neurologic involvement. Information about how individuals with diffuse neurologic involvement solve problems is important to the development of strategies designed to help them achieve the highest degree of independent living despite neuropsychological compromise, and may aid clinical decision making in general. Aims: To examine and compare problem-solving abilities of participants with and without diffuse neurologic involvement. Methods & Procedures: We used the Rapid Assessment of Problem Solving test (RAPS; Marshall, Karow, Morelli, Iden, & Dixon, 2003a), a modification of Mosher and Hornsby's (1966) 20 Question task, to examine the problem-solving abilities of two groups of neurologically intact (NI) participants and three groups of participants with diffuse neurologic involvement (DNf). The RAPS is a clinical test of problem-solving abilities in which the client asks yes/no questions to identify a "target picture" in a 32-item array. The DNI groups included individuals with recent and chronic acquired traumatic brain injuries, and a third group of participants with severe mental illness. It was hypothesised that participants with DNI would perform less well on the RAPS than the NI participants, and that these differences would be reflected in lower scores on the RAPS and differences in the frequency with which certain types of questions were used to solve problems. Outcomes & Results: Findings revealed significant differences between NI groups and two of the three DNI groups on objective scores, types of questions asked, and the strategies used to solve problems on the RAPS. The NI participants used a more systematic, organised approach to solving problems, whereas participants with DNI were less organised, inconsistent, and sometimes inflexible in their use of problemsolving strategies. Conclusions: Findings suggest the problem-solving abilities of participants with and without DN1 are distinguishable in terms of selected components of Scholnick and Friedman's (1993) developmental theory of planning. These include a decision to plan, strategy choice and execution, and monitoring effects of prior actions. C1 Univ Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40536 USA. Dartmouth Coll Sch Med, Hanover, NH USA. Univ Tennessee, Knoxville, TN USA. Hofstra Univ, Hempstead, NJ USA. RP Marshall, RC (reprint author), Univ Kentucky, Room 120F,CTW Bldg,900 S Limestone, Lexington, KY 40536 USA. EM remarsh@uky.edu CR Baddeley A. D., 1992, SCIENCE, V225, P556, DOI [10.1126/science.1736359, DOI 10.1126/SCIENCE.1736359] Brookshire RH, 2003, INTRO NEUROGENIC COM CHEN RC, 2004, EUROPEAN ARCHIVES PS, V254, P236 Cummings J. L., 1983, DEMENTIA CLIN APPROA DENNEY DR, 1973, DEV PSYCHOL, V9, P275, DOI 10.1037/h0035092 DENNEY NW, 1981, J GERONTOL, V36, P323 DENNEY NW, 1985, INT J AGING HUM DEV, V21, P161, DOI 10.2190/A3J2-75L4-01C3-W81W GLOSSER G, 1990, J CLIN EXP NEUROPSYC, V12, P485, DOI 10.1080/01688639008400995 GOLD JM, 1993, PSYCHIAT CLIN N AM, V16, P295 GOLDSTEIN FC, 1991, BRAIN COGNITION, V17, P23, DOI 10.1016/0278-2626(91)90063-E GRANT DA, 1948, J EXP PSYCHOL, V38, P404, DOI 10.1037/h0059831 HAGAN C, 1979, ANN CONV AM SPEECH L Hochberg Y., 1987, MULTIPLE COMP PROCED JASTEK JS, 1984, WIDE RANGE ACHIEVEME Keil K, 2002, APHASIOLOGY, V16, P305, DOI 10.1080/02687030143000654 Kennedy Mary R. T, 2005, Seminars in Speech and Language, V26, P242, DOI 10.1055/s-2005-922103 LAPOINTE LL, 1995, J MED SPEECH-LANG PA, V3, P95 LEZAK MD, 2004, NEUROPSYCHOLOGICAL A MARSHALL RC, 2006, SCHIZOPHR RES, V81, P331 Marshall RC, 2004, APHASIOLOGY, V18, P659, DOI 10.1080/02687030444000237 Marshall RC, 2007, APHASIOLOGY, V21, P235, DOI 10.1080/02687030600624400 Marshall RC, 2003, AM J SPEECH-LANG PAT, V12, P333, DOI 10.1044/1058-0360(2003/079) MARSHALL RC, 1999, CONV AM SPEECH LANG Marshall RC, 2003, BRAIN INJURY, V17, P589, DOI 10.1080/0269905031000088496 MARSHALL RC, 1996, CLIN APHASIOLOGY, V24, P181 Mosher F. A., 1966, STUDIES COGNITIVE GR, P86 Pfieffer E, 1975, J AM GERIATR SOC, V23, P433 Porteus S., 1965, PORTEUS MAZE TEST 50 Rath JF, 2000, J HEAD TRAUMA REHAB, V15, P724 Rath JF, 2004, ARCH CLIN NEUROPSYCH, V19, P613, DOI 10.1016/j.acn.2003.08.006 Raven J. C., 1984, COLOURED PROGR MATRI SCHOLNICK EK, 1993, INT J BEHAV DEV, V16, P145 Willis SL, 1998, GERONTOLOGIST, V38, P569 NR 33 TC 2 Z9 2 PU PSYCHOLOGY PRESS PI HOVE PA 27 CHURCH RD, HOVE BN3 2FA, EAST SUSSEX, ENGLAND SN 0268-7038 J9 APHASIOLOGY JI Aphasiology PD JUN-AUG PY 2007 VL 21 IS 6-8 BP 750 EP 762 DI 10.1080/02687030601154076 PG 13 WC Clinical Neurology SC Neurosciences & Neurology GA 179XN UT WOS:000247323900018 ER PT J AU Armstrong, E Ulatowska, H AF Armstrong, Elizabeth Ulatowska, Hanna TI Making stories: Evaluative language and the aphasia experience SO APHASIOLOGY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 36th Clinical Aphasiology Conference CY 2006 CL Ghent, BELGIUM ID AFRICAN-AMERICANS; NARRATIVES; DISCOURSE; STROKE AB Background: Language used for expressing feelings and opinions-so-called evaluative language-is essential to the expression of the individual's identity. Illness narratives involving evaluative language are known to be important vehicles for coping with identity change during chronic illness, as well as reflecting on and sharing the experience. However, relatively little is known about the aphasic person's ability to engage in such narratives-in particular, the effects of their language difficulties on this endeavour. Aims: This study discusses different types of evaluative language and ways in which they are relatively impaired or preserved in aphasia, focusing on stroke narrative. Methods & Procedures: Examples from the stroke stories of three aphasic speakers are used as illustrations of their evaluative abilities. The stories were analysed according to evaluative language categories defined by Labov (1972) and Martin (2003). The function of each of these categories is described in terms of its contribution to the emotive nature of the discourse. Outcomes & Results: The aphasic speakers were successful in using evaluative language and used similar devices to non-brain-damaged speakers. However, the realisation of the devices was simplified at both lexical and syntactic levels and in terms of quantity. Conclusions: Emotive/evaluative language promises a different perspective on language usage across speakers of differing levels of severity for both assessment and treatment purposes. We will discuss implications of the use of emotive recounts in the clinical situation for facilitating language and working through identity issues. C1 Univ Texas, Dallas, TX 75230 USA. Macquarie Univ, Sydney, NSW 2109, Australia. RP Armstrong, E (reprint author), Macquarie Univ, Dept Linguist, N Ryde, NSW 2019, Australia. EM barmstrong@ling.mq.edu.au CR Alaszewski A, 2006, HEALTH RISK SOC, V8, P43, DOI 10.1080/1369857050500532553 Armstrong E, 2005, APHASIOLOGY, V19, P285, DOI 10.1080/02687030444000750 Armstrong E, 2001, APHASIOLOGY, V15, P1029, DOI 10.1080/02687040143000375 BERKO-GLEASON J., 1980, J SPEECH HEAR RES, V23, P370 Borod JC, 1996, NEUROPSYCHOLOGIA, V34, P351, DOI 10.1016/0028-3932(95)00131-X Borod JC, 2000, NEUROPSYCHOLOGY, V14, P112, DOI 10.1037/0894-4105.14.1.112 Chapey R., 2000, ASHA LEADER, V5, P4 Faircloth CA, 2004, SOCIOL HEALTH ILL, V26, P242, DOI 10.1111/j.1467-9566.2004.00388.x Frank AW, 1995, WOUNDED STORYTELLER HUNSTON S, 2003, EVALUATION TEXT AUTH, P1 Kagan A, 2004, CHALLENGING APHASIA THERAPIES: BROADENING THE DISCOURSE AND EXTENDING THE BOUNDARIES, P158, DOI 10.4324/9780203462706_chapter_10 Kovecses Z., 2000, METAPHOR AND EMOTION LABOV W, 1993, DISCOURSE NEUROLOGIC, P115 Labov W., 1972, LANGUAGE INNER CITY LaPointe LL, 2001, APHASIOLOGY, V15, P249, DOI 10.1080/02687040042000241 MARSHALL R, 1999, GROUP TREATMENT NEUR, P57 Martin J. R., 2003, EVALUATION TEXT AUTH, P142 MARTIN J. R., 1995, AUSTR J LINGUISTICS, V15, P3 McCabe A., 1991, DEV NARRATIVE STRUCT Moss B, 2004, DISABIL SOC, V19, P753, DOI 10.1080/0968759042000284222 Ochs Elinor, 2001, LIVING NARRATIVE CRE Parr S., 1997, TALKING APHASIA LIVI POUND C, 2000, APHASIA THERAPIES LI Shadden BB, 2005, APHASIOLOGY, V19, P211, DOI 10.1080/02687930444000697 STUBBS M, 1986, APPL LINGUIST, V7, P1, DOI 10.1093/applin/7.1.1 TANNEN D, 1989, TALKING VOICE DIALOG Tannen Deborah, 1994, GENDER DISCOURSE TAYLOR G, 1986, WRITING WRITING, P215 Ulatowska HK, 2000, DISCOURSE PROCESS, V30, P265, DOI 10.1207/S15326950dp3003_3 Ulatowska HK, 2004, ADV SPEECH LANGUAGE, V6, P3 Ulatowska HK, 2003, BRAIN LANG, V87, P69, DOI 10.1016/S0093-934X(03)00202-5 ULATOWSKA HK, 1981, BRAIN LANG, V13, P345, DOI 10.1016/0093-934X(81)90100-0 ULATOWSKA HK, 1980, CLIN APHASIOLOGY C P Ulatowska HK, 2001, J NEUROLINGUIST, V14, P93, DOI 10.1016/S0911-6044(01)00010-0 van Dijk T., 1988, NEWS DISCOURSE NR 35 TC 15 Z9 15 PU PSYCHOLOGY PRESS PI HOVE PA 27 CHURCH RD, HOVE BN3 2FA, EAST SUSSEX, ENGLAND SN 0268-7038 J9 APHASIOLOGY JI Aphasiology PD JUN-AUG PY 2007 VL 21 IS 6-8 BP 763 EP 774 DI 10.1080/02687030701192364 PG 12 WC Clinical Neurology SC Neurosciences & Neurology GA 179XN UT WOS:000247323900019 ER PT J AU McNeil, MR Sung, JE Yang, D Pratt, SR Fossett, TRD Doyle, PJ Pavelko, S AF McNeil, Malcolm R. Sung, Jee Eun Yang, Dorothy Pratt, Sheila R. Fossett, Tepanta R. D. Doyle, Patrick J. Pavelko, Stacey TI Comparing connected language elicitation procedures in persons with aphasia: Concurrent validation of the Story Retell Procedure SO APHASIOLOGY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 36th Clinical Aphasiology Conference CY 2006 CL Ghent, BELGIUM ID LEXICAL DIVERSITY; RELIABILITY; ADULTS AB Background: The Story Retell Procedure (SRP) (Doyle et al., 1998) is a well-described method for eliciting connected language samples in persons with aphasia (PWA). However, the stimuli and task demands of the SRP are fundamentally different from commonly employed picture description, narrative, and procedural description tasks reported in the aphasia literature. As such, the extent to which measures of linguistic performance derived from the SRP may be associated with those obtained from picture description, narrative, and procedural description tasks is unknown. Aims: To assess the concurrent validity of linguistic performance measures obtained from the SRP with those obtained from picture description, narrative, and procedural description tasks by examining the correlations and the magnitude differences across the linguistic variables among the elicitation tasks. Secondarily, we examined the relationship of the percentage of information units per minute (%IU/Min) to other linguistic variables within the SRP and across the other elicitation tasks. Methods and Procedures: This study compared the SRP to six different, frequently used sampling procedures (three sets of picture descriptions, one fairytale generation, one set of narratives, and one set of procedural description tasks) from which the same five verbal productivity, four information content, two grammatical, and two verbal disruption measures were computed. Language samples were elicited from 20 PWA, spanning the aphasia comprehension severity range. Tests of association and difference were calculated for each measure between the SRP and the other sampling methods. Outcomes & Results: Significant and strong associations were obtained between the SRP and the other elicitation tasks for most linguistic measures. The SRP produced either no significant or significantly greater instances of the dependent variable except for the type-token ratio, which yielded a significantly lower value than the other sampling procedures. Conclusions: The findings are interpreted as support for the concurrent validity of the SRP and as evidence that a single form of the SRP will yield a language sample that is generally equivalent in distribution to other sampling procedures, and one that is generally greater in quantity to those typically used to assess connected spoken language in PWA. Additionally, it was found that the %IU/Min metric predicted highly the information content linguistic measures on the SRP as well as on the other elicitation procedures. However, it did not predict well measures of verbal productivity, grammaticality, or verbal disruptions. C1 Univ Pittsburgh, Dept Commun Sci & Disorders, Pittsburgh, PA 15260 USA. VA Pittsburgh Healthcare Syst, Pittsburgh, PA USA. RP McNeil, MR (reprint author), Univ Pittsburgh, Dept Commun Sci & Disorders, 4033 Forbes Tower, Pittsburgh, PA 15260 USA. EM mcneil@pitt.edu RI Pratt, Sheila/H-7139-2013 CR Bayles K. A., 1993, ARIZONA BATTERY COMM Berndt R. S., 2000, QUANTITATIVE PRODUCT Brodsky MB, 2003, J SPEECH LANG HEAR R, V46, P1124, DOI 10.1044/1092-4388(2003/088) Brookshire R. H., 1997, DISCOURSE COMPREHENS DISIMONI FG, 1980, J SPEECH HEAR RES, V23, P511 Doyle PJ, 1998, APHASIOLOGY, V12, P561, DOI 10.1080/02687039808249558 Doyle PJ, 2000, APHASIOLOGY, V14, P537 Goodglass H, 2001, BOSTON DIAGNOSTIC AP, V3rd Hula WD, 2003, APHASIOLOGY, V17, P523, DOI 10.1080/02687030344000139 Kertesz A., 1982, W APHASIA BATTERY McNeil M. R., 1978, REVISED TOKEN TEST McNeil MR, 2001, APHASIOLOGY, V15, P991 McNeil MR, 2002, APHASIOLOGY, V16, P815, DOI 10.1080/02687030244000284 McNeil MR, 2001, APHASIOLOGY, V15, P901 Miller L, 1998, J AGR ENVIRON ETHIC, V11, P1, DOI 10.1023/A:1007761031092 NICHOLAS LE, 1993, J SPEECH HEAR RES, V36, P338 Porch B. E., 1981, PORCH INDEX COMMUNIC WACHAL RS, 1973, LANG SPEECH, V16, P169 Wright HH, 2003, APHASIOLOGY, V17, P443, DOI 10.1080/0268703044000166 NR 19 TC 9 Z9 9 PU PSYCHOLOGY PRESS PI HOVE PA 27 CHURCH RD, HOVE BN3 2FA, EAST SUSSEX, ENGLAND SN 0268-7038 J9 APHASIOLOGY JI Aphasiology PD JUN-AUG PY 2007 VL 21 IS 6-8 BP 775 EP 790 DI 10.1080/02687030701189980 PG 16 WC Clinical Neurology SC Neurosciences & Neurology GA 179XN UT WOS:000247323900020 ER PT J AU Croteau, C Le Dorze, G Baril, G AF Croteau, Claire Le Dorze, Guylaine Baril, Genevieve TI Development of a procedure to evaluate the contributions of persons with aphasia and their spouses in an interview situation SO APHASIOLOGY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 36th Clinical Aphasiology Conference CY 2006 CL Ghent, BELGIUM ID CONVERSATION ANALYSIS; TURN-TAKING; REPAIR; SPEAKING; PARTICIPATION; ORGANIZATION; STRATEGIES; SEQUENCES; COUPLES; PEOPLE AB Background: Although there has been increasing interest in the study of conversations between people with aphasia and their partners, the participation of persons with aphasia in conversation with their spouses in the presence of a third party has not been extensively investigated. Nevertheless, opportunities for such situations are frequent, and therefore provide an interesting opportunity to examine how couples collaborate. Aims: (1) To develop a procedure to analyse conversations that would specifically address the contributions of persons with aphasia and their spouses in an interview situation. (2) To describe spousal contributions in an interview situation, including what preceded and followed these contributions, in a group of couples with a member with aphasia. (3) To verify the inter-judge reliability of the procedure. Methods & Procedures: Videos of three couples with aphasia in an interview situation were analysed. Contributions of the spouse when the participant with aphasia was clearly speaking with the interviewer, contexts in which spouses contributed, reactions of persons with aphasia, and their participation following contributions were described. Definitions were created, operationalised, tested, and refined on 11 other similar couples in the same interactive situation. Eight other couples were then videotaped and studied. Outcomes & Results: Results revealed that half the contributions produced by the spouse were "repairs" and the other half were "speaking for" behaviours. Most often, contributions were unsolicited. Generally, the person with aphasia approved the spouse's contribution and continued afterwards to take an active part in the conversation. Inter-judge reliability coefficients varied between 89% and 97%. Conclusions: The procedure employed is representative of situations encountered by couples affected by aphasia. The data collection and analysis methods could be applicable to clinical situations. It is important to consider spousal contributions and their impact on the person with aphasia in conversations when helping couples adjust to the consequences of aphasia. C1 Univ Montreal, Ecole Orthophonie & Audiol, Montreal, PQ H3C 3J7, Canada. RP Croteau, C (reprint author), Univ Montreal, Ecole Orthophonie & Audiol, CP 6128,Succursale Ctr Ville, Montreal, PQ H3C 3J7, Canada. EM claire.croteau@umontreal.ca RI Le Dorze, Guylaine/A-1790-2014 CR CROCKFORD C, 1994, EUROPEAN J DISORDERS, V29, P55 Croteau C, 2006, APHASIOLOGY, V20, P327, DOI 10.1080/02687030500475051 Croteau C, 2004, APHASIOLOGY, V18, P291, DOI 10.1080/02687030344000616 Ferguson A, 1998, APHASIOLOGY, V12, P1007, DOI 10.1080/02687039808249466 FERGUSON A, 1994, APHASIOLOGY, V8, P143, DOI 10.1080/02687039408248647 FERGUSON A, 1992, CLIN APHASIOLOGY, V21, P299 Goodglass H, 1983, ASSESSMENT APHASIA R, V2nd Laakso M, 1999, APHASIOLOGY, V13, P345 Lindsay J, 1999, APHASIOLOGY, V13, P305 Lubinski R., 1980, CLIN APHASIOLOGY C P, P111 MANZO JF, 1995, SOCIOL HEALTH ILL, V17, P307, DOI 10.1111/1467-9566.ep10933323 MILROY L, 1992, CLIN LINGUIST PHONET, V6, P27, DOI 10.3109/02699209208985517 Nespoulous J. L., 1986, PROTOCOLE MONTREAL T Oelschlaeger ML, 1999, AM J SPEECH-LANG PAT, V8, P62 Oelschlaeger ML, 2000, J COMMUN DISORD, V33, P205, DOI 10.1016/S0021-9924(00)00019-8 Oelschlaeger ML, 1998, CLIN LINGUIST PHONET, V12, P459, DOI 10.3109/02699209808985238 Perkins L, 1999, APHASIOLOGY, V13, P259 Ramsberger G, 2002, APHASIOLOGY, V16, P337, DOI 10.1080/02687040143000636 SACKS H, 1974, LANGUAGE, V50, P696, DOI 10.2307/412243 SCHEGLOFF EA, 1977, LANGUAGE, V53, P31 Simmons-Mackie N, 2004, AM J SPEECH-LANG PAT, V13, P114, DOI 10.1044/1058-0630(2004/013) Wilkinson R, 1998, Int J Lang Commun Disord, V33 Suppl, P144 Wilkinson R, 1999, APHASIOLOGY, V13, P251, DOI 10.1080/026870399402082 NR 23 TC 4 Z9 4 PU PSYCHOLOGY PRESS PI HOVE PA 27 CHURCH RD, HOVE BN3 2FA, EAST SUSSEX, ENGLAND SN 0268-7038 J9 APHASIOLOGY JI Aphasiology PD JUN-AUG PY 2007 VL 21 IS 6-8 BP 791 EP 801 DI 10.1080/02687030701192398 PG 11 WC Clinical Neurology SC Neurosciences & Neurology GA 179XN UT WOS:000247323900021 ER PT J AU Wright, HH Downey, RA Gravier, M Love, T Shapiro, LP AF Harris Wright, Heather Downey, Ryan A. Gravier, Michelle Love, Tracy Shapiro, Lewis P. TI Processing distinct linguistic information types in working memory in aphasia SO APHASIOLOGY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 36th Clinical Aphasiology Conference CY 2006 CL Ghent, BELGIUM ID SHORT-TERM-MEMORY; INDIVIDUAL-DIFFERENCES; COMPREHENSION; PERFORMANCE; CAPACITY; CORTEX; ADULTS; LOAD AB Back-ground: Recent investigations have suggested that adults with aphasia present with a working memory deficit that may contribute to their language-processing difficulties. Working memory capacity has been conceptualised as a single "resource" pool for attentional, linguistic, and other executive processing-alternatively, it has been suggested that there may be separate working memory abilities for different types of linguistic information. A challenge in this line of research is developing an appropriate measure of working memory ability in adults with aphasia. One candidate measure of working memory ability that may be appropriate for this population is the n-back task. By manipulating stimulus type, the n-back task may be appropriate for tapping linguistic-specific working memory abilities. Aims: The purposes of this study were (a) to measure working memory ability in adults with aphasia for processing specific types of linguistic information, and (b) to examine whether a relationship exists between participants' performance on working memory and auditory comprehension measures. Method & Procedures: Nine adults with aphasia participated in the study. Participants completed three n-back tasks, each tapping different types of linguistic information. They included the PhonoBack (phonological level), SemBack (semantic level), and SynBack (syntactic level). For all tasks, two n-back levels were administered: a 1-back and 2-back. Each level contained 20 target items; accuracy was recorded by stimulus presentation software. The Subject-relative, ONect-relative, Active, Passive Test Of Svntactic Complexity (SOAP) was the syntactic sentence comprehension task administered to all participants. Outcomes & Results: Participants' performance declined as n-back task difficulty increased. Overall, participants performed better on the SetnBack than PhonoBack and SynBack tasks, but the differences were not statistically significant. Finally, participants who performed poorly on the SynBack also had more difficulty comprehending syntactically complex sentence structures (i.e., passive & object-relative sentences). Conclusions: Results indicate that working memory ability for different types of linguistic information can be measured in adults with aphasia. Further, our results add to the growing literature that favours separate working memory abilities for different types of linguistic information view. C1 Arizona State Univ, Dept Speech & Hearing Sci, Tempe, AZ 85287 USA. San Diego State Univ, San Diego, CA 92182 USA. RP Wright, HH (reprint author), Arizona State Univ, Dept Speech & Hearing Sci, POB 870102, Tempe, AZ 85287 USA. EM Heather.Wright.1@asu.edu CR Angrilli A, 2003, NEUROIMAGE, V20, P657, DOI 10.1016/S1053-8119(03)00395-1 Belleville S, 2003, J MEM LANG, V48, P686, DOI 10.1016/S0749-596X(02)00532-6 Callicott JH, 2000, CEREB CORTEX, V10, P1078, DOI 10.1093/cercor/10.11.1078 Caplan D, 1999, BEHAV BRAIN SCI, V22, P114, DOI 10.1017/S0140525X99441780 Caspari I, 1998, BRAIN COGNITION, V37, P205, DOI 10.1006/brcg.1997.0970 DANEMAN M, 1980, J VERB LEARN VERB BE, V19, P450, DOI 10.1016/S0022-5371(80)90312-6 DOWNEY RA, 2004, MEASURE WORKING MEMO FRIEDMANN N, 2006, CLIN APH C GHENT BEL Friedmann N, 2003, BRAIN LANG, V86, P23, DOI 10.1016/S0093-934X(02)00530-8 Hinkin CH, 2002, J INT NEUROPSYCH SOC, V8, P532, DOI 10.1007/S1355617701020276 Jonides J, 1997, J COGNITIVE NEUROSCI, V9, P462, DOI 10.1162/jocn.1997.9.4.462 JUST MA, 1992, PSYCHOL REV, V99, P122, DOI 10.1037/0033-295X.99.1.122 Kertesz A., 1982, W APHASIA BATTERY Kubat-Silman AK, 2002, BRAIN COGNITION, V50, P178, DOI 10.1016/S0278-2626(02)00502-X Levin HS, 2004, NEUROPSYCHOLOGY, V18, P240, DOI 10.1037/0894-4105.18.2.240 Love T, 2002, J PSYCHOLINGUIST RES, V31, P503, DOI 10.1023/A:1021208903394 Martin RC, 2003, J NEUROLINGUIST, V16, P341, DOI 10.1016/S0911-6044(03)00025-3 McEvoy LK, 1998, CEREB CORTEX, V8, P563, DOI 10.1093/cercor/8.7.563 TOMPKINS CA, 1994, J SPEECH HEAR RES, V37, P896 VALLAR G, 1992, CORTEX, V28, P383 Waters G., 1999, CONSTRAINTS LANGUAGE, P107 Waters GS, 1996, Q J EXP PSYCHOL-A, V49, P51, DOI 10.1080/027249896392801 Wright H. H., 2003, J INT NEUROPSYCH SOC, V9, P302 Wright HH, 2005, AM J SPEECH-LANG PAT, V14, P107, DOI 10.1044/1058-0360(2005/012) Yasuda K, 2000, BRAIN LANG, V75, P399, DOI 10.1006/brln.2000.2377 Yoo SS, 2004, INT J NEUROSCI, V114, P613, DOI 10.1080/00207450490430561 NR 26 TC 14 Z9 14 PU PSYCHOLOGY PRESS PI HOVE PA 27 CHURCH RD, HOVE BN3 2FA, EAST SUSSEX, ENGLAND SN 0268-7038 J9 APHASIOLOGY JI Aphasiology PD JUN-AUG PY 2007 VL 21 IS 6-8 BP 802 EP 813 DI 10.1080/02687030701192414 PG 12 WC Clinical Neurology SC Neurosciences & Neurology GA 179XN UT WOS:000247323900022 ER PT J AU Frankel, T Penn, C Ormond-Brown, D AF Frankel, Tali Penn, Claire Ormond-Brown, Digby TI Executive dysfunction as an explanatory basis for conversation symptoms of aphasia: A pilot study SO APHASIOLOGY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 36th Clinical Aphasiology Conference CY 2006 CL Ghent, BELGIUM ID TRAUMATIC BRAIN-INJURY; ATTENTION; RECOVERY AB Background: Lack of communicative success for people with aphasia is no longer seen as purely a linguistic deficit. Instead, the integrity of the executive functions (EF) is thought to be at least partly responsible for successful communication, particularly during conversation. In order to inform clinicians regarding both conversation and EF, a merging of two paradigms-conversational and neuropsychological approaches-is proposed. Aims: First, we explore the relevance of both neuropsychological and conversational approaches to the assessment of aphasia. Second, we present the executive battery that was designed and administered to a single participant (MS) to assess various aspects of EF. The results of a Conversation Analysis (CA) undertaken on an excerpt of MS's conversation are given. Results of the EF analysis are presented with the CA in order to highlight proposed relationships that may impact on conversational strengths and difficulties. Methods and Procedures: The executive battery was designed to assess the following constructs: attention, verbal and nonverbal working memory, memory, planning, generation, and concept formation. The participant was video-recorded in conversation with a familiar interlocutor. Transcriptions were derived and subjected to Conversation Analysis. A discussion of conversational features is presented in conjunction with results from the executive battery. Outcomes and Results: Several areas including simple sustained attention, interference control, memory, and planning appeared to be preserved. This profile occurred together with the ability to maintain concentration and track meaning during interactions with one interlocutor. Memory for previously stated information was preserved as well as the ability to think and plan ahead. These strengths also co-occurred with intact turn taking and topic management. However MS's performance also indicated difficulty with shifting attention, verbal and nonverbal working memory, generation, and concept formation. The latter two especially appeared to be mediated by the effects of perseveration, which resulted from a reduced ability to shift focus. In terms of conversation, MS reported difficulty in multi-party settings. In addition, conversational repair was affected by poor generation and selection of strategies as well as an inability to shift away from current ineffectual forms of expression to more effective, flexible, and potentially successful forms of communication. Conclusions: The notion of merging two distinct and historically separate paradigms presents unique and valuable opportunities for creative and effective treatment of individuals with aphasia who have reached plateaus or who, as in this case, present with relatively intact linguistic skills on formal testing but experience daily frustration during conversation. C1 Univ Witwatersrand, Sch Human & Community Dev, ZA-2050 Wits, South Africa. RP Frankel, T (reprint author), Univ Witwatersrand, Sch Human & Community Dev, Private Bag 3, ZA-2050 Wits, South Africa. EM tdfranky@absamail.co.za CR ALBERT ML, 1986, CORTEX, V22, P103 BAILEY S, 1981, BRIT J DISORD COMMUN, V16, P193 Beeke S, 2003, CLIN LINGUIST PHONET, V17, P109, DOI 10.1080/0269920031000061786 COEHLO CA, 2005, APHASIOLOGY, V10, P275 Crosson B, 2005, J COGNITIVE NEUROSCI, V17, P392, DOI 10.1162/0898929053279487 FRANKEL T, IN PRESS APHASIOLOGY Fuster J., 1989, PREFRONTAL CORTEX Godfrey HPD, 2000, APHASIOLOGY, V14, P433 Golden J. C., 1978, STROOP COLOR WORD TE Helm-Estabrooks N, 2002, J COMMUN DISORD, V35, P171, DOI 10.1016/S0021-9924(02)00063-1 Helm-Estabrooks N, 2000, BRAIN LANG, V74, P469 Keil K, 2002, APHASIOLOGY, V16, P305, DOI 10.1080/02687030143000654 Kertesz A., 1982, W APHASIA BATTERY Lesser R., 1993, LINGUISTICS APHASIA LEZAK MD, 1995, NEUROPSYCHOLOGICAL A Logie RH, 1999, PSYCHOLOGIST, V12, P174 McNeil MR, 2004, APHASIOLOGY, V18, P521, DOI 10.1080/02687030444000138 Miyake Akira, 2000, Seminars in Speech and Language, V21, P169, DOI 10.1055/s-2000-7563 Oelschlaeger M. L., 2003, CONVERSATION BRAIN D, P211 Ormond Software Enterprises, 1999, WISC CARD SORT TEST Penn C, 2000, BRAIN LANG, V71, P185, DOI 10.1006/brln.1999.2247 Purdy M., 2002, APHASIOLOGY, V16, P549, DOI 10.1080/02687030244000176 Raven J, 1998, STANDARD PROGRESSIVE Rende Barbara, 2000, Seminars in Speech and Language, V21, P121, DOI 10.1055/s-2000-7560 Riepe MW, 2004, DEMENT GERIATR COGN, V17, P49, DOI 10.1159/000074082 ROURKE SB, 1996, NEUROPSYCHOLOGICAL A, P379 SCHAPIRO SR, 1993, MINOR HEAD TRAUMA AS, P86 SHALLICE T, 1982, PHILOS T ROY SOC B, V298, P199, DOI 10.1098/rstb.1982.0082 Spreen O., 1998, COMPENDIUM NEUROPSYC TENHAVE P, 1999, DOING CONSERVATION A Watt N, 2000, S AFR J PSYCHOL, V30, P27 Ylvisaker M., 1998, COLLABORATIVE BRAIN NR 32 TC 12 Z9 12 PU PSYCHOLOGY PRESS PI HOVE PA 27 CHURCH RD, HOVE BN3 2FA, EAST SUSSEX, ENGLAND SN 0268-7038 J9 APHASIOLOGY JI Aphasiology PD JUN-AUG PY 2007 VL 21 IS 6-8 BP 814 EP 828 DI 10.1080/02687030701192448 PG 15 WC Clinical Neurology SC Neurosciences & Neurology GA 179XN UT WOS:000247323900023 ER PT J AU Beeke, S Wilkinson, R Maxim, J AF Beeke, Suzanne Wilkinson, Ray Maxim, Jane TI Grammar without sentence structure: A conversation analytic investigation of agrammatism SO APHASIOLOGY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Stirling Discourse Colloquium CY OCT, 2004 CL Stirling, SCOTLAND HO Univ Stirling ID TURN-TAKING; RESOURCE; APHASIA; THERAPY; TALK AB Background: Although research into agrammatism has done much to characterise the nature of the underlying disorder, most studies have analysed elicited, task-based data. As a result, little is known about the grammar that people with agrammatism use in everyday talk with habitual conversational partners. There is evidence in the Conversation Analysis (CA) literature to suggest that conversational grammar may not mirror the grammar of elicited language samples. Aims: To explore the notion that conversation and task-based data do not necessarily reveal the same grammatical phenomena, addressing the following questions: (1) What resources does a speaker with agrammatism make use of in order to construct a turn at talk? (2) Is the conversational grammar of a speaker with agrammatism organised in a systematic way? (3) What is the relationship between patterns of turn construction in conversation and the grammatical characteristics of output elicited by decontextualised language tests? Methods & Procedures: A videotaped conversation between an agrammatic speaker and his adult daughter is analysed using CA. Four recurring turn construction formats are described and illustrated with extracts. Background information on the client presents the results of picture-naming and sentence production tests. Outcomes & Results: There is great variation between the grammar of conversation and test data. Test results reveal a severe problem with verb access and sentence construction, with ability declining sharply as the number of verb arguments increases. However, the speaker deploys interactional alternatives to standard grammatical structures, and it is possible for him to recount events without explicit articulation of verbs and argument structures, using a combination of talk and mime. Only a minority of his conversational utterances are concerned with recounting events-commenting, assessing, and reasoning are highly prevalent. Conclusions: Conversation and sentence-level tests provide complementary but essentially different information about grammatical ability. This implies that assessment of conversational grammar should become a routine part of any investigation of agrammatism in order to gain a more complete picture of an individual's ability to impose structural order on their talk, and to explore implications for successful interaction with others. Currently, approaches to assessment and intervention overemphasise events. In conversation, other actions such as giving an opinion are just as prevalent. Findings suggest a mismatch between what appears problematic on testing and what is treated as problematic by the interactants in conversation, and thatintervention might profitably seek to address grammatical difficulties that have a basis in interaction. C1 UCL, Dept Human Commun Sci, London WC1E 7DP, England. RP Beeke, S (reprint author), UCL, Dept Human Commun Sci, Remax House,31-32 Alfred Pl, London WC1E 7DP, England. EM s.beeke@ucl.ac.uk CR AUER JCP, 1984, J PRAGMATICS, V8, P627, DOI 10.1016/0378-2166(84)90003-1 Auer P., 1996, PROSODY CONVERSATION, P57, DOI 10.1017/CBO9780511597862.004 BASTIAANSE R, 2002, VERB SCI TEST Beeke S, 2003, CLIN LINGUIST PHONET, V17, P81, DOI 10.1080/0269920031000061795 Beeke S, 2003, CLIN LINGUIST PHONET, V17, P291, DOI 10.1080/0269920031000080055 Beeke S, 2003, CLIN LINGUIST PHONET, V17, P109, DOI 10.1080/0269920031000061786 BEEKE S, 2001, STEM SPRAAK TAALPATH, V10, P215 Beeke S., 2005, THESIS U COLL LONDON Burch K., 2002, BRIT APH SOC THER S, P1 BYNG S, 1993, FOUNDATIONS OF APHASIA REHABILITATION, P319 Couper-Kuhlen Elizabeth, 2001, STUDIES INTERACTIONA, P1 Couper-Kuhlen Elizabeth, 1996, PRAGMATICS, V6, P389 Damico JS, 1999, APHASIOLOGY, V13, P667 GELUYKENS R, 1992, DISCOURSE GRAMMATICA GOODWIN C, 1987, SOC PSYCHOL QUART, V50, P115, DOI 10.2307/2786746 Goodwin C., 1981, CONVERSATIONAL ORG I Goodwin C, 1992, CONTEXTUALIZATION LA, P77 Goodwin C, 1996, INTERACTION GRAMMAR, P370, DOI 10.1017/CBO9780511620874.008 Goodwin Charles, 2003, CONVERSATION BRAIN D, P3 Goodwin Charles, 1992, RETHINKING CONTEXT L, P147 GOODWIN C, 1995, RES LANG SOC INTERAC, V28, P233, DOI 10.1207/s15327973rlsi2803_4 Heeschen C., 2003, CONVERSATION BRAIN D, P231 Heeschen C, 1999, APHASIOLOGY, V13, P365 Helasvuo M.-L., 2001, STUDIES INTERACTIONA, P25 HERITAGE J, 1989, STRUCTURES SOCIAL AC, P299 Kay J., 1992, PSYCHOLINGUISTICS AS KEENAN EO, 1983, ACQUIRING CONVERSATI, P158 Kim K.-H, 1995, WORD ORDER DISCOURSE, P247 LERNER GH, 1991, LANG SOC, V20, P441 Lesser R., 1993, LINGUISTICS APHASIA Lind M., 2002, CONVERSATIONAL COOPE Lind M, 2002, INVESTIGATIONS IN CLINICAL PHONETICS AND LINGUISTICS, P373 LINDSAY J, 1979, APHASIOLOGY, V13, P327 LOCAL JK, 1986, J LINGUIST, V22, P411, DOI 10.1017/S0022226700010859 Lock S., 2001, SPPARC SUPPORTING PA Marshall J., 2002, HDB ADULT LANGUAGE D, P351 Menn L., 1995, NONFLUENT APHASIA MU Ochs E., 1996, INTERACTION GRAMMAR Sacks H., 1979, EVERYDAY LANGUAGE ST, P15 Sacks H., 1992, LECT CONVERSATION, VI SACKS H, 1974, LANGUAGE, V50, P696, DOI 10.2307/412243 Schegloff E, 1996, INTERACTION GRAMMAR, P52, DOI 10.1017/CBO9780511620874.002 Schegloff E. A., 1979, SYNTAX SEMANTICS, V12, P261 Schegloff EA, 1996, AM J SOCIOL, V102, P161, DOI 10.1086/230911 Schiffrin Deborah, 1987, DISCOURSE MARKERS SCHWARTZ MF, 1995, NEUROPSYCHOL REHABIL, V5, P93, DOI 10.1080/09602019508520177 Springer L, 2000, NEUROPSYCHOL REHABIL, V10, P279 Thompson Sandra A., 1996, INTERACTION GRAMMAR, P238, DOI 10.1017/CBO9780511620874.005 WHITWORTH A, 1997, THESIS U CENTRAL ENG WHITWORTH A, 1996, THEMATIC ROLES PRODU Wilkinson R, 1999, APHASIOLOGY, V13, P327, DOI 10.1080/026870399402127 Wilkinson R, 1998, Int J Lang Commun Disord, V33 Suppl, P144 Wilkinson R, 1999, APHASIOLOGY, V13, P251, DOI 10.1080/026870399402082 WILKINSON R, 2005, R000239306 EC SOC RE WILKINSON R, 2001, R000222754 Wilkinson R., 2003, CONVERSATION BRAIN D, P59 NR 56 TC 20 Z9 20 PU PSYCHOLOGY PRESS PI HOVE PA 27 CHURCH RD, HOVE BN3 2FA, EAST SUSSEX, ENGLAND SN 0268-7038 J9 APHASIOLOGY JI Aphasiology PD MAR-APR PY 2007 VL 21 IS 3-4 BP 256 EP 282 DI 10.1080/02687030600911344 PG 27 WC Clinical Neurology SC Neurosciences & Neurology GA 142VN UT WOS:000244678800002 ER PT J AU Horton, S AF Horton, Simon TI Topic generation in aphasia language therapy sessions: Issues of identity SO APHASIOLOGY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Stirling Discourse Colloquium CY OCT, 2004 CL Stirling, SCOTLAND HO Univ Stirling ID ORGANIZATION; CONVERSATION AB Background: Aphasia language therapy sessions have a general "order of phases'' and usually open with a period of casual conversation. It has been noted that the overall structure of participation in therapy, characterised by therapist control, is anticipated in this opening phase. The detailed mechanisms through which control is achieved and sustained have not been fully examined. The processes through which these mechanisms operate and their relationship with participant roles and identities appear to be especially relevant for study if the overall goal of aphasia therapy is to address life participation and the social context of communication (e. g., Shadden & Agan, 2004). Aims: The concern of this paper is to examine in detail some of the mechanisms through which professional control is achieved and sustained, with a particular focus on ways in which speech and language therapists and people with aphasia work at generating and maintaining the topics that are observed to develop in the opening phase of aphasia language therapy sessions. In addition, there is a specific interest in how, in certain instances, the activity of topic generation and maintenance may be shown to relate to the participants' identities as "professional'' and "patient''. Methods & Procedures: The paper focuses on analysis of data from the opening phase of five sessions, one each from three therapist/person with aphasia dyads, and two from separate sessions of a fourth dyad. Data from these sessions are taken from a larger study of aphasia language therapy in day-to-day practice. The turn-by-turn process of topic generation is examined in detail using techniques from Conversation Analysis in conjunction with a consideration of "membership categorisation'' and "category-bounded activities''. Outcomes & Results: Close examination of the process of topic generation and maintenance in five sessions from four different dyads revealed how therapists selected certain topics for topicalisation and rejected others. Selected topics were related to activities closely tied to the person with aphasia's identity as a person with communication impairment. In so doing the therapists established a particular type of therapeutic identity for themselves. Conclusions: Managing the person with aphasia's identity by addressing communication activities that are bound to the aphasic impairment and rejecting other types may, perversely, hamper a speech and language therapist's understanding of that person with aphasia's communicative competence, including broader issues that may be germane to intervention. Understanding and recognising where control resides and through which mechanisms it operates is of potential benefit to therapists and people with aphasia alike - for example, enabling more focused and realistic goal setting or more accurate insights into the impact of aphasia, and aphasia language therapy on everyday social participation. The challenge for therapists and for people with aphasia is to be able to shift roles appropriately and act as equals in the enterprise of therapy. C1 Univ E Anglia, Sch Allied Hlth Profess, Norwich NR4 7PT, Norfolk, England. RP Horton, S (reprint author), Univ E Anglia, Sch Allied Hlth Profess, Queens Bldg, Norwich NR4 7PT, Norfolk, England. EM s.horton@uea.ac.uk CR Atkinson J. M., 1984, STRUCTURES SOCIAL AC Campion P, 2004, SOCIOL HEALTH ILL, V26, P81, DOI 10.1111/j.1467-9566.2004.00379.x Casey N., 1984, STRUCTURES SOCIAL AC, P167 Drew Paul, 1992, TALK WORK INTERACTIO, P3 Fitzgerald R, 2002, DISCOURSE SOC, V13, P579, DOI 10.1177/0957926502013005275 Goodwin C., 1981, CONVERSATIONAL ORG I Hagstrom F, 2004, TOP LANG DISORD, V24, P225 Heritage J., 1997, QUALITATIVE RES THEO, P161 Heritage John, 1992, TALK WORK INTERACTIO, P359 Hollis GE, 1998, J CHART INST WATER E, V12, P9 Horton S, 2006, APHASIOLOGY, V20, P528, DOI 10.1080/02687030600590130 Howard D., 1992, PYRAMIDS PALM TREES KAGAN A, 1995, TOP STROKE REHABIL, V2, P1 KAY J, 1996, PSYCHOLINGUISTIC ASS Lomax H., 1998, SOCIOLOGICAL RES ONL, V3 LUBINSKI R, 1980, CLN APH C P MINN MN MAYNARD DW, 1984, SOC PSYCHOL QUART, V47, P301, DOI 10.2307/3033633 Mehan H., 1979, LEARNING LESSONS SOC PANAGOS JM, 1986, CHILD LANG TEACH THE, V2, P211, DOI 10.1177/026565908600200206 PEARAKYLA A, 1995, AIDS COUNSELLING I I Reddy MP, 1997, AM FAM PHYSICIAN, V55, P1742 SACKS H, 1974, LANGUAGE, V50, P696, DOI 10.2307/412243 Sacks Harvey, 1974, ETHNOMETHODOLOGY, P216 Schegloff Emanuel, 1973, SEMIOTICA, V8, P289 Shadden BB, 2004, TOP LANG DISORD, V24, P174 Simmons-Mackie N, 1999, CONSTRUCTING (IN) COMPETENCE, P313 Simmons-Mackie N, 1999, AM J SPEECH-LANG PAT, V8, P218 Sinclair J. M., 1975, ANAL DISCOURSE ENGLI Spradley J., 1980, PARTICIPANT OBSERVAT ten Have Paul, 1991, TALK SOCIAL STRUCTUR, P138 Wareing D, 2002, DISABIL SOC, V17, P419, DOI 10.1080/09687590220140359 West Candace, 1991, MISCOMMUNICATION PRO, P166 NR 32 TC 8 Z9 8 PU PSYCHOLOGY PRESS PI HOVE PA 27 CHURCH RD, HOVE BN3 2FA, EAST SUSSEX, ENGLAND SN 0268-7038 J9 APHASIOLOGY JI Aphasiology PD MAR-APR PY 2007 VL 21 IS 3-4 BP 283 EP 298 DI 10.1080/02687030600911377 PG 16 WC Clinical Neurology SC Neurosciences & Neurology GA 142VN UT WOS:000244678800003 ER PT J AU Cocks, N Hird, K Kirsner, K AF Cocks, Naomi Hird, Kathryn Kirsner, Kim TI The relationship between right hemisphere damage and gesture in spontaneous discourse SO APHASIOLOGY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Stirling Discourse Colloquium CY OCT, 2004 CL Stirling, SCOTLAND HO Univ Stirling ID BRAIN-DAMAGE; EMOTIONAL PROSODY; LANGUAGE FUNCTIONS; HEAD MOVEMENTS; SPEECH; COMMUNICATION; SPEAKING; SPECIALIZATION; ORGANIZATION; RECOGNITION AB Background: The assessment and rehabilitation of acquired neurogenic communication disorders rarely involves a systematic analysis of gesture use. The right cerebral hemisphere has been identified as a possible locus of control for gesture. McNeill's (McNeill & Duncan, 2000) growth point theory posits a structure for the organisation of processes from both cerebral hemispheres which serves to support the integration of gestural and verbal messages that emerge from a non- modality specific cognitive growth point or idea unit. Aims: The first aim of this research was to describe male non-brain-damaged (NBD) speakers' gesture use in the context of spontaneous discourse. The second aim was to compare the gesture production patterns of five individual males with right cerebral hemisphere damage (RHD) with the NBD group's pattern of performance. Methods & Procedures: Gesture rates and variation of fundamental frequency were analysed across four speaking conditions; a personal narrative, two procedural narratives, two emotional narratives, and three comic book descriptions. The discourse stimuli were selected to elicit highly emotional versus neutral content. Gesture use was classified according to the system described by McNeill (1992) for digital video analysis. Discourse samples were segmented into intonational phrases (Pierrehumbert & Hirschberg, 1990). Gesture rates and variation in fundamental frequency were calculated within intonational phrases. Outcomes & Results: The NBD group demonstrated higher rates of body beats and head movements in discourse samples with high emotional content. Procedural narratives were accompanied by higher rates of representational gestures than in the other conditions. The RHD participants showed variability in their gesture use across the discourse genres. The majority of RHD participants used lower non-body-focused gesture rates but significantly fewer gestures in the discourse samples with high emotional content. Differences in visuo-spatial ability, variations in fundamental frequency of speech, and body-focused gesture failed to reveal systematic patterns in the RHD participants. Conclusions: McNeill's (1992) growth point theory provides a useful platform for interpreting the observed reduction in overall frequency of gesture use evident in the RHD participants, but cannot account for the observed interaction involving the emotional narrative. While the impact of emotion on gesture in the non-brain-damaged population was unsurprising, the reversal of this pattern in people with right hemisphere damage poses a challenge for theoretical work in this area. The results of this study indicate that the analysis of gesture use is important for a deeper understanding of expressive communication impairments associated with acquired neurogenic impairment. C1 Curtin Univ Technol, Sch Psychol, Perth, WA 6845, Australia. City Univ London, London EC1V 0HB, England. Univ Western Australia, Perth, WA 6009, Australia. RP Hird, K (reprint author), Curtin Univ Technol, Sch Psychol, GPO Box U1987, Perth, WA 6845, Australia. EM K.Hird@curtin.edu.au CR Alibali MW, 1999, PSYCHOL SCI, V10, P327, DOI 10.1111/1467-9280.00163 BENOWITZ LI, 1983, CORTEX, V19, P5 BLONDER LX, 1995, BRAIN LANG, V51, P318, DOI 10.1006/brln.1995.1063 BLONDER LX, 1991, BRAIN, V114, P1115, DOI 10.1093/brain/114.3.1115 BLONDER LX, 1995, NEUROPSYCHOLOGIA, V33, P203, DOI 10.1016/0028-3932(94)00099-B BLOOM RL, 1993, J SPEECH HEAR RES, V36, P1227 Bloom RL, 1998, J NEUROLINGUIST, V11, P11, DOI 10.1016/S0911-6044(98)00002-5 BOERSMA P, 2002, PRAAT 4 0 Brady M, 2001, INT J LANG COMM DIS, V36, P35 Brady M, 2003, APHASIOLOGY, V17, P881, DOI 10.1080/02687030344000292 Buchanan TW, 2000, COGNITIVE BRAIN RES, V9, P227, DOI 10.1016/S0926-6410(99)00060-9 BULL PE, 1977, BRIT J SOC CLIN PSYC, V16, P29 Chantraine Y, 1998, J NEUROLINGUIST, V11, P21, DOI 10.1016/S0911-6044(98)00003-7 COLSHER PL, 1987, BRAIN LANG, V32, P379, DOI 10.1016/0093-934X(87)90134-9 DEKOSKY ST, 1980, BRAIN LANG, V9, P206, DOI 10.1016/0093-934X(80)90141-8 Diller L., 1980, METHODS EVALUATION T Duncan S., 2000, LANGUAGE GESTURE, P141, DOI 10.1017/CBO9780511620850.010 Dunn JC, 2003, CORTEX, V39, P1, DOI 10.1016/S0010-9452(08)70070-4 DUNN JC, 1988, PSYCHOL REV, V95, P91, DOI 10.1037//0033-295X.95.1.91 Dunn L. M., 1959, PEABODY PICTURE VOCA Feyereisen P, 1999, J NONVERBAL BEHAV, V23, P153, DOI 10.1023/A:1021487510204 Feyereisen P., 1991, GESTURES SPEECH PSYC FRICK RW, 1985, PSYCHOL BULL, V97, P412, DOI 10.1037//0033-2909.97.3.412 George MS, 1996, ARCH NEUROL-CHICAGO, V53, P665 Goldin-Meadow S, 2002, COGNITIVE DEV, V17, P1385, DOI 10.1016/S0885-2014(02)00122-3 Goldin-Meadow S, 2001, PSYCHOL SCI, V12, P516, DOI 10.1111/1467-9280.00395 GORELICK PB, 1987, J NEUROL NEUROSUR PS, V50, P553, DOI 10.1136/jnnp.50.5.553 HADAR U, 1983, LANG SPEECH, V26, P117 Hadar U, 1998, LANG COGNITIVE PROC, V13, P59, DOI 10.1080/016909698386591 Hadar U, 1998, BRAIN LANG, V62, P107, DOI 10.1006/brln.1997.1890 Hadar U, 1984, Adv Neurol, V42, P247 HADAR U, 1984, LANG SPEECH, V27, P333 Hadar U, 1999, J NEUROLINGUIST, V12, P1, DOI 10.1016/S0911-6044(99)00001-9 HIRD K, 2004, AUSTR COMMUNICATION, V6, P63 Hird K, 2002, BRAIN LANG, V80, P536, DOI 10.1006/brln.2001.2613 Iverson J. M., 1999, J CONSCIOUSNESS STUD, V6, P19 Joanette Y., 1990, DISCOURSE ABILITY BR, P131 Kendon A., 1996, SEMIOTIC REV BOOKS, V7, P8 KENDON A, 1972, STUDIES DYDAIC COMMU Kita S, 2003, J MEM LANG, V48, P16, DOI 10.1016/S0749-596X(02)00505-3 KLAPP ST, 1979, MEM COGNITION, V7, P375, DOI 10.3758/BF03196942 Klonoff Pamela S., 1990, NEUROPSYCHOLOGY, V4, P147, DOI 10.1037/0894-4105.4.3.147 Kluver H, 1939, ARCH NEURO PSYCHIATR, V42, P979 LEVELT W, 1989, SPEAKING FORM INTENT McClave EZ, 2000, J PRAGMATICS, V32, P855, DOI 10.1016/S0378-2166(99)00079-X MCGLONE RE, 1963, J SPEECH HEAR RES, V6, P164 McNeill D., 1992, HAND MIND WHAT GESTU MCNEILL D, 2003, THOUGHT IMAGERY LANG MCNEILL D, 1995, LANGUAGE, GESTURE, AND SPACE, P63 NEIDLE C, 2002, SIGNSTREAM 2 0 Pell MD, 1999, BRAIN LANG, V69, P161, DOI 10.1006/brln.1999.2065 PIERREHUMBERT J, 1990, INTENTIONS COMMUNICA POECK K, 1986, NEUROPSYCHOLOGIA, V24, P129, DOI 10.1016/0028-3932(86)90046-1 PORT RF, 2000, ENCY COGNITIVE SCI PRUTTING CA, 1987, J SPEECH HEAR DISORD, V52, P105 PULVERMULLER F, 1994, LANG LEARN, V44, P681, DOI 10.1111/j.1467-1770.1994.tb00635.x RAVEN JC, 1985, STANDARD PROGR MATRI RISEBOROUGH MG, 1982, BRIT J PSYCHOL, V73, P497 ROSS ED, 1981, ARCH NEUROL-CHICAGO, V38, P561 ROSS ED, 2001, BEHAV NEUROLOGY ROSS ED, 1985, PRINCIPLES BEHAV CLI Ross ED, 1996, PROG BRAIN RES, V107, P583 ROSS ED, 1979, ARCH NEUROL-CHICAGO, V36, P144 Ross ED, 1997, BRAIN LANG, V56, P27, DOI 10.1006/brln.1997.1731 Sabbagh MA, 1999, BRAIN LANG, V70, P29, DOI 10.1006/brln.1999.2139 SAXMAN JH, 1967, FOLIA PHONIATR, V19, P167 SHAPIRO BE, 1985, BRAIN LANG, V25, P19, DOI 10.1016/0093-934X(85)90118-X Smith A, 1973, SYMBOL DIGIT MODALIT Tompkins CA, 1995, RIGHT HEMISPHERE COM TONKOVICH J D, 1989, Seminars in Speech and Language, V10, P343, DOI 10.1055/s-2008-1064273 VANLANCKER D, 1992, J SPEECH HEAR RES, V35, P963 Wechsler D, 1997, WECHSLER ADULT INTEL, V3rd Xue SA, 2001, CLIN LINGUIST PHONET, V15, P245 NR 73 TC 5 Z9 5 PU PSYCHOLOGY PRESS PI HOVE PA 27 CHURCH RD, HOVE BN3 2FA, EAST SUSSEX, ENGLAND SN 0268-7038 J9 APHASIOLOGY JI Aphasiology PD MAR-APR PY 2007 VL 21 IS 3-4 BP 299 EP 319 DI 10.1080/02687030600911393 PG 21 WC Clinical Neurology SC Neurosciences & Neurology GA 142VN UT WOS:000244678800004 ER PT J AU Sherratt, S AF Sherratt, Sue TI Right brain damage and the verbal expression of emotion: A preliminary investigation SO APHASIOLOGY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Stirling Discourse Colloquium CY OCT, 2004 CL Stirling, SCOTLAND HO Univ Stirling ID RIGHT-HEMISPHERE; DISCOURSE; PERFORMANCE; ADULTS; OLD; AGE; SPECIALIZATION; IDENTIFICATION; INTONATION; NARRATIVES AB Background: Emotional expression or evaluation is intrinsically involved in all communication. In discourse, it has the function of expressing the speaker's opinions, building rapport with the listener, and providing a discourse framework. Emotion may be expressed verbally (lexically), nonverbally (e.g., gesture), or extralinguistically (e.g., prosody). Although it has been established that individuals with right brain damage (RBD) are impaired in the comprehension and production of emotion, research to date has focused on nonverbal and extralinguistic channels. The verbal expression of emotion in this population has been investigated in some studies but most of these have used global rating scales. Therefore, data at the verbal or lexical level of emotional expression following RBD are scarce. Aims: To explore the quantity and type of verbal emotional expression produced by individuals with RBD in their personal experience narratives. Methods & Procedures: Two personal experience narratives (using a negative and a positive emotional discourse topic) were elicited from a group of 7 males with RBD and a matched group of 10 non-brain-damaged (NBD) males. The discourse samples were transcribed and analysed in terms of the frequency and type of appraisal resources, i.e., the semantic choices made to express emotions, judgements, and valuations, and the way these can be graded (Martin, 2000; Martin & Rose, 2003). Outcomes & Results: The RBD group used fewer total appraisal resources in the verbal expression of emotion, particularly on the negative topic. Overall, they graded their emotional expression less and evaluated phenomena more than the NBD group. The major differences between the two groups were observed in the proportion of resources used in the negative topic: the RBD group evaluated phenomena more frequently than they expressed their own feelings, whereas the reverse was observed for the NBD group. On the positive topic, both groups used similar proportions of appraisal resources. Conclusions: This preliminary investigation has revealed that individuals with RBD may be impaired in the quantity and choice of verbal emotional expression produced in personal experience narratives on a negative, but not a positive, topic. The novel application of the appraisal framework to the discourse of this population has indicated that this method has considerable merit in highlighting differences in lexical emotional expression. It can also provide further insight into the assessment and treatment of the interpersonal and social integration deficits observed in individuals with acquired neurogenic disorders. C1 Univ Newcastle, Sch Humanities & Social Sci, Callaghan, NSW 2308, Australia. RP Sherratt, S (reprint author), Univ Newcastle, Sch Humanities & Social Sci, Callaghan, NSW 2308, Australia. EM sue.sherratt@newcastle.edu.au CR Adams MA, 2002, EUR UROL SUPPL, V1, P28, DOI 10.1016/S1569-9056(02)00011-8 Berthoz S, 2002, INT J PSYCHOL, V37, P193, DOI 10.1080/00207590244000016 Blake Margaret Lehman, 2003, Seminars in Speech and Language, V24, P107 Bloom R. L., 1995, INT J NEUROSCI, V88, P125 BLOOM RL, 1993, J SPEECH HEAR RES, V36, P1227 BLOOM RL, 1992, BRAIN LANG, V42, P153, DOI 10.1016/0093-934X(92)90122-U Borgaro SR, 2004, BRAIN INJURY, V18, P33, DOI 10.1080/0269905031000110562 BOROD J, 1998, RIGHT HEMISPHERE LAN Borod Joan C, 2002, Appl Neuropsychol, V9, P23, DOI 10.1207/S15324826AN0901_4 Borod JC, 1993, NEUROPSYCHOLOGY, V7, P445, DOI 10.1037//0894-4105.7.4.445 BOROD JC, 1992, NEUROPSYCHOLOGIA, V30, P827, DOI 10.1016/0028-3932(92)90086-2 Borod JC, 1996, NEUROPSYCHOLOGIA, V34, P351, DOI 10.1016/0028-3932(95)00131-X BOROD JC, 2000, NEUROPSYCHOLOGY, V14, P1 Borod JC, 1998, NEUROPSYCHOLOGIA, V36, P1209, DOI 10.1016/S0028-3932(97)00166-8 Breitenstein C, 1998, BEHAV NEUROL, V11, P29 BROWNELL H, 1994, BRAIN LANG, V47, P476 BRYAN K, 1996, COMMUNICATION DISABI Canino E, 1999, PERCEPT MOTOR SKILL, V89, P57 CIMINO CR, 1991, BRAIN COGNITION, V15, P106, DOI 10.1016/0278-2626(91)90019-5 Clark HH, 1997, DISCOURSE PROCESS, V23, P567 CORTAZZI M, 2000, EVALUATION TEXT AUTH Davis GA, 1997, BRAIN LANG, V56, P183 EGGINS S, 2000, RES LANGUAGE SCH COM EGGINS S, 1979, ANAL CASUAL CONVERSA Ekman P., 1999, HDB COGNITION EMOTIO Fivush R., 2003, AUTOBIOGRAPHICAL MEM FREEDMANSTERN R, 1984, BRAIN LANG, V22, P181, DOI 10.1016/0093-934X(84)90089-0 Gainotti G., 1999, HDB CLIN EXPT NEUROP Galski T, 1998, BRAIN INJURY, V12, P769, DOI 10.1080/026990598122160 GARDNER H., 1983, COGNITIVE PROCESSING Halliday MAK, 2004, INTRO FUNCTIONAL GRA, V3rd Happe FGE, 1998, DEV PSYCHOL, V34, P358, DOI 10.1037//0012-1649.34.2.358 Heberlein AS, 2003, POLIT PSYCHOL, V24, P705, DOI 10.1046/j.1467-9221.2003.00348.x Hunston S., 2000, EVALUATION TEXT AUTH Joanette Y., 1990, DISCOURSE ABILITY BR Karoly DJ, 2003, CLIMATE RES, V24, P91, DOI 10.3354/cr024091 Kazdin A. E., 1982, SINGLE CASE RES DESI Kesler West M. L., 2001, COGNITIVE BRAIN RES, V11, P213 Koven M, 2004, TEXT, V24, P471, DOI 10.1515/text.2004.24.4.471 LABOV W, 1993, NARRATIVE DISCOURSE Labov W, 1997, J NARRAT LIFE HIST, V7, P395 Labov W., 1972, LANGUAGE INNER CITY Labov William, 1967, ESSAYS VERBAL VISUAL, P12 Lee Gregory P, 2004, Cogn Behav Neurol, V17, P9, DOI 10.1097/00146965-200403000-00002 Lehman MT, 2000, APHASIOLOGY, V14, P485 Longacre Robert, 1976, ANATOMY SPEECH NOTIO Lorch MP, 1998, J NEUROLINGUIST, V11, P103, DOI 10.1016/S0911-6044(98)00008-6 LUBINSKI R, 2000, NEUROGENIC COMMUNICA Macken-Horarik M., 2003, TEXT, V23, P313, DOI 10.1515/text.2003.013 Macken-Horarik M., 2003, TEXT, V23, P285, DOI DOI 10.1515/TEXT.2003.012 Mackenzie C, 1999, J NEUROLINGUIST, V12, P79, DOI 10.1016/S0911-6044(99)00004-4 Mackenzie C, 2000, INT J LANG COMM DIS, V35, P269, DOI 10.1080/136828200247188 Mandal MK, 1999, J NERV MENT DIS, V187, P603, DOI 10.1097/00005053-199910000-00003 Martin J, 2003, TEXT, V23, P171, DOI 10.1515/text.2003.007 Martin J. R., 2003, WORKING DISCOURSE ME Martin J. R., 2005, LANGUAGE EVALUATION MARTIN JR, 2004, LANGUAGE ED DISCOURS Martin J.R., 2000, EVALUATION TEXT AUTH Martin JR, 2004, DISCOURSE SOC, V15, P321, DOI 10.1177/0957926504041022 Murphy Linda S, 2003, BMC Complement Altern Med, V3, P3, DOI 10.1186/1472-6882-3-3 MYERS PS, 1999, RIGHT HEMISPHERE DIS OLDFIELD RC, 1971, NEUROPSYCHOLOGIA, V9, P97, DOI 10.1016/0028-3932(71)90067-4 *OPCS, 1992, STAND OCC CLASS, V3 PENN C, 2000, NEUROGENIC COMMUNICA Peterson C, 1983, DEV PSYCHOLINGUISTIC PRATT MW, 1991, DISCOURSE PROCESS, V14, P73 REHAK A, 1992, BRAIN LANG, V42, P320, DOI 10.1016/0093-934X(92)90104-M Sarangi S., 2003, TEXT, V23, P165, DOI 10.1515/text.2003.006 SHERRATT SM, 2006, ASHA ANN CONV MIAM B SHERRATT SM, 2001, THESIS U COLL LONDON Smith Stephen D, 2005, Brain Cogn, V57, P210, DOI 10.1016/j.bandc.2004.08.046 SOLBERG L, 1990, ASHA CONV SEATTL WA TANNEN D, 1980, PEAR STORIES COGNITI Thompson Geoff, 2000, EVALUATION TEXT AUTH Tompkins CA, 1995, RIGHT HEMISPHERE COM Ulatowska HK, 1998, APHASIOLOGY, V12, P619, DOI 10.1080/02687039808249562 Ulatowska HK, 2004, ADV SPEECH LANGUAGE, V6, P3 VANLANCKER D, 1991, BRAIN COGNITION, V17, P64, DOI 10.1016/0278-2626(91)90067-I VANLANCKER D, 1998, HDB NEUROLINGUISTICS VanLancker D, 1997, BRAIN LANG, V57, P1, DOI 10.1006/brln.1997.1850 Wager TD, 2003, NEUROIMAGE, V19, P513, DOI 10.1016/S1053-8199(03)00078-8 Wallace JL, 1999, TRENDS PHARMACOL SCI, V20, P4, DOI 10.1016/S0165-6147(98)01283-8 WECHSLER AF, 1973, NEUROLOGY, V23, P130 White P, 2003, TEXT, V23, P259, DOI 10.1515/text.2003.011 WHITE PRR, 2002, APPRAISAL LANGUAGE A Wildgruber D, 2004, CEREB CORTEX, V14, P1384, DOI 10.1093/cercor/bhh099 Wildgruber D, 2005, NEUROIMAGE, V24, P1233, DOI 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2004.10.034 NR 87 TC 7 Z9 7 PU PSYCHOLOGY PRESS PI HOVE PA 27 CHURCH RD, HOVE BN3 2FA, EAST SUSSEX, ENGLAND SN 0268-7038 J9 APHASIOLOGY JI Aphasiology PD MAR-APR PY 2007 VL 21 IS 3-4 BP 320 EP 339 DI 10.1080/02687030600911401 PG 20 WC Clinical Neurology SC Neurosciences & Neurology GA 142VN UT WOS:000244678800005 ER PT J AU Mackenzie, C Brady, M Norrie, J Poedjianto, N AF Mackenzie, Catherine Brady, Marian Norrie, John Poedjianto, Ninik TI Picture description in neurologically normal adults: Concepts and topic coherence SO APHASIOLOGY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Stirling Discourse Colloquium CY OCT, 2004 CL Stirling, SCOTLAND HO Univ Stirling ID CONNECTED SPEECH SAMPLES; HEMISPHERE BRAIN-DAMAGE; NAMING TEST-PERFORMANCE; DISCOURSE; AGE; EDUCATION; APHASIA; LANGUAGE; COMMUNICATION; COMPREHENSION AB Background: Evaluation of discourse is recognised as an important component in the diagnosis and management of adult acquired communication disorders. Picture description is a common and practical data elicitation procedure that has provided insights into the discourse of many adult groups. Such data may be analysed from several linguistic and pragmatic perspectives and, as is commonly the case with discourse measures, the usefulness of such data is limited by a paucity of relevant normative information. Aim: To determine the influences of age, education, and gender on the concepts and topic coherence of the picture description of non-brain-damaged adults. Methods & Procedures: A total of 225 adults described the "cookie theft'' picture (Goodglass, Kaplan, & Barresi, 2001). Responses were analysed for presence and completeness of concepts (Nicholas & Brookshire, 1995) and topic coherence (Mentis & Prutting, 1991), modified (Brady, Mackenzie, & Armstrong 2003). Outcomes & Results: Both analyses, concept and topic coherence, confirmed education level as a highly important variable affecting the performance of non-brain-damaged adults. The number of concepts used accurately and completely, and the amount of topic subdivision, increased with amount of education (both with and without adjustment for age and gender). Clear influences of age or gender were not demonstrated, although some trends in favour of women and younger age were noted, and for one of the seven assessed concepts there was a steady reduction in the odds of being accurate and complete with every 5-year age increase. Conclusions: Recognition of the impact of education is essential in the assessment and diagnosis of communication difficulty. C1 Univ Strathclyde, Dept Educ & Profess Studies, Glasgow G13 1PP, Lanark, Scotland. Glasgow Caledonian Univ, Nursing Midwifery & Allied Hlth Profess Res Unit, Glasgow G4 0BA, Lanark, Scotland. Univ Aberdeen, Aberdeen AB9 1FX, Scotland. Nagoya Univ Commerce & Business, Nagoya, Aichi, Japan. RP Mackenzie, C (reprint author), Univ Strathclyde, Dept Educ & Profess Studies, Southbrae Dr, Glasgow G13 1PP, Lanark, Scotland. EM c.mackenzie@strath.ac.uk CR Altman D, 1991, PRACTICAL STAT MED R Armstrong E, 2000, APHASIOLOGY, V14, P875, DOI 10.1080/02687030050127685 ARMSTRONG L, 2007, APHASIOLOGY, V20, P355 Beausoleil N, 2003, APHASIOLOGY, V17, P143, DOI 10.1080/02687030244000572 BELAND R, 1993, APHASIOLOGY, V7, P359, DOI 10.1080/02687039308249516 Brady M, 2003, APHASIOLOGY, V17, P881, DOI 10.1080/02687030344000292 Brady M, 2005, APHASIOLOGY, V19, P731, DOI 10.1080/02687030500141430 Brinton B., 1989, CONVERSATIONAL MANAG BROOKSHIRE RH, 1994, J SPEECH HEAR RES, V37, P399 Ceccaldi M, 1996, BRAIN LANG, V54, P75, DOI 10.1006/brln.1996.0061 Coates J., 1986, WOMEN MEN LANGUAGE COELHO CA, 1995, APHASIOLOGY, V9, P409, DOI 10.1080/02687039508248707 COHEN G, 1979, COGNITIVE PSYCHOL, V11, P412, DOI 10.1016/0010-0285(79)90019-7 Cooper P. V., 1990, J GERONTOL B-PSYCHOL, V45, P210 CRAIG HK, 1993, APHASIOLOGY, V7, P155, DOI 10.1080/02687039308249503 Deser T., 1990, BRAIN LANG, V40, P67 DIGGS CC, 1987, BRAIN LANG, V30, P130, DOI 10.1016/0093-934X(87)90033-2 Doyle PJ, 1998, APHASIOLOGY, V12, P561, DOI 10.1080/02687039808249558 EHRLICH JS, 1988, J COMMUN DISORD, V21, P1, DOI 10.1016/0021-9924(88)90006-8 EMERY OB, 1985, EXPT AGING RES, V11, P1 Giles E, 1996, APHASIOLOGY, V10, P395, DOI 10.1080/02687039608248419 Goodglass H, 2001, BOSTON DIAGNOSTIC AP, V3rd Goren AR, 1996, EUR J DISORDER COMM, V31, P153 GOULET P, 1994, J SPEECH HEAR RES, V37, P629 Hawkins KA, 2002, APHASIOLOGY, V16, P1143, DOI 10.1080/02687030244000031 Holland A, 1996, TOP STROKE REHABIL, V2, P27 KAUSLER DH, 1988, COMMUNICATION BEHAVI, P79 LeDorze G, 1998, J COMMUN DISORD, V31, P53, DOI 10.1016/S0021-9924(97)00051-8 LI EC, 1996, J SPEECH LANGUAGE PA, V20, P180 Mackenzie C, 2000, CLIN LINGUIST PHONET, V14, P151, DOI 10.1080/026992000298887 Mackenzie C., 1997, RIGHT HEMISPHERE STR Mackenzie C, 1999, J NEUROLINGUIST, V12, P79, DOI 10.1016/S0911-6044(99)00004-4 Mackenzie C, 2000, INT J LANG COMM DIS, V35, P269, DOI 10.1080/136828200247188 MENN L, 1994, APHASIOLOGY, V8, P343, DOI 10.1080/02687039408248664 NEILS J, 1995, J SPEECH HEAR RES, V38, P1143 Nicholas Linda E., 1995, Journal of Speech and Hearing Research, V38, P145 OBLER LK, 1980, LANG COMMUN, P75 Oelschlaeger ML, 1999, J SPEECH LANG HEAR R, V42, P636 OLDFIELD RC, 1971, NEUROPSYCHOLOGIA, V9, P97, DOI 10.1016/0028-3932(71)90067-4 Paterson L., 2003, SCOTTISH ED 20 CENTU PATERSON L, 2003, SCOTTISH ED 2 EDITIO MENTIS M, 1991, J SPEECH HEAR RES, V34, P583 Ross KB, 1999, APHASIOLOGY, V13, P113, DOI 10.1080/026870399402235 Ross KB, 2001, J COMMUN DISORD, V34, P115, DOI 10.1016/S0021-9924(00)00044-7 RYAN EB, 1995, DEMENTIA COMMUNICATI, P84 Salthouse T. A., 2000, MODELS COGNITIVE AGI, P19 SCHAIE KW, 1980, LANG COMMUN, P7 SHEWAN CM, 1988, J COMMUN DISORD, V21, P139, DOI 10.1016/0021-9924(88)90002-0 Simmons-Mackie NN, 2003, AM J SPEECH-LANG PAT, V12, P144, DOI 10.1044/1058-0360(2003/061) Togher L, 2001, J COMMUN DISORD, V34, P131, DOI 10.1016/S0021-9924(00)00045-9 TOMPKINS CA, 1993, CLIN APHASIOLOGY, V21, P113 ULATOWSKA HK, 1991, HDB GERIATRIC COMMUN, P21 WEEKS DJ, 1988, ANOMALOUS SENTENCES YORKSTON KM, 1980, J SPEECH HEAR DISORD, V45, P27 NR 54 TC 9 Z9 9 PU PSYCHOLOGY PRESS PI HOVE PA 27 CHURCH RD, HOVE BN3 2FA, EAST SUSSEX, ENGLAND SN 0268-7038 J9 APHASIOLOGY JI Aphasiology PD MAR-APR PY 2007 VL 21 IS 3-4 BP 340 EP 354 DI 10.1080/02687030600911419 PG 15 WC Clinical Neurology SC Neurosciences & Neurology GA 142VN UT WOS:000244678800006 ER PT J AU Armstrong, L Brady, M Mackenzie, C Norrie, J AF Armstrong, Linda Brady, Marian Mackenzie, Catherine Norrie, John TI Transcription-less analysis of aphasic discourse: A clinician's dream or a possibility? SO APHASIOLOGY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Stirling Discourse Colloquium CY OCT, 2004 CL Stirling, SCOTLAND HO Univ Stirling ID HEMISPHERE BRAIN-DAMAGE AB Background: Discourse analysis as a clinical tool in speech and language therapy remains underused, at least partly because of the time-consuming nature of the process of transcription that currently precedes it. If transcription-less discourse analysis were valid and reliable, then there would be the clinical opportunity to use this method in order to describe a person's communication impairment (for example aphasia), to help plan therapy and to measure outcomes. Aims: This study aimed to address the potential of transcription-less discourse analysis as a valid and reliable procedure for the measurement of gesture use, topic use, turn taking, repair, conversational initiation, topic initiation, and concept use. Methods & Procedures: Ten individuals with aphasia were audio- and video-recorded participating in a number of discourse tasks from three different discourse genres (conversation, procedural, and picture description). With the same analytical frameworks, the resulting data were compared using transcription-based discourse analysis and a transcription-less method in which the analysis was made directly from the recordings. Outcomes & Results: Validity was measured by comparing transcription-based and transcription-less analyses. Overall the results from that comparison demonstrated the potential of the latter method-none of the measures gave significant differences between scores from the two methods. The main (non-significant) disparities related tosome aspects of gesture use and repair. The inter-rater reliability of the transcription-less method was also acceptable in general. Reliability was measured by the intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) for the continuous measurements: it was strongest for the gesture totals and varied among the attributes of turn taking and repair. For the categorical measures (topic and conversation initiation and concept analysis) the percentage agreement was very good. Conclusions: These results indicate the potential availability of a valid and reliable transcription-less approach to analysis that speech and language therapists can apply to analyse their clients' discourse. C1 Glasgow Caledonian Univ, Nursing Midwifery & Allied Hlth Profess Res Unit, Glasgow G4 0BA, Lanark, Scotland. Perth Royal Infirmary, Perth, WA, Australia. Univ Strathclyde, Glasgow, Lanark, Scotland. Univ Aberdeen, Aberdeen AB9 1FX, Scotland. RP Brady, M (reprint author), Glasgow Caledonian Univ, Nursing Midwifery & Allied Hlth Profess Res Unit, Fac Hlth Bldg,Cowcaddens Rd, Glasgow G4 0BA, Lanark, Scotland. EM m.brady@gcal.ac.uk CR Altman D, 1991, PRACTICAL STAT MED R Armstrong E, 2000, APHASIOLOGY, V14, P875, DOI 10.1080/02687030050127685 Boles L, 1998, APHASIOLOGY, V12, P547, DOI 10.1080/02687039808249557 Boles L, 1998, J COMMUN DISORD, V31, P261, DOI 10.1016/S0021-9924(98)00005-7 BRADY M, 2001, J LANGUAGE COMMUNICA, V36, P35 Brady M, 2003, APHASIOLOGY, V17, P881, DOI 10.1080/02687030344000292 Brady M, 2005, APHASIOLOGY, V19, P731, DOI 10.1080/02687030500141430 Cherney L. S., 1998, ANAL DISCOURSE COMMU, P1 COMRIE P, 1999, THESIS U STRATHCLYDE Comrie P, 2001, CLIN LINGUIST PHONET, V15, P383, DOI 10.1080/02699200110036380 Fleiss JL, 1981, STAT METHODS RATES P Goodglass H, 2001, BOSTON DIAGNOSTIC AP, V3rd Landis J. R., 1977, BIOMETRICS, V33, P174 LEMAY A, 1988, APHASIOLOGY, V2, P137 Lesser R., 1993, LINGUISTICS APHASIA Mackenzie C, 2007, APHASIOLOGY, V21, P340, DOI 10.1080/02687030600911419 Miles Matthew B., 1994, QUALITATIVE DATA ANA MILROY L, 1992, CLIN LINGUIST PHONET, V6, P27, DOI 10.3109/02699209208985517 Nicholas Linda E., 1995, Journal of Speech and Hearing Research, V38, P145 Prins R, 2004, APHASIOLOGY, V18, P1075, DOI 10.1080/02687030444000534 MENTIS M, 1991, J SPEECH HEAR RES, V34, P583 PSATHAS G, 1990, SEMIOTICA, V78, P75, DOI 10.1515/semi.1990.78.1-2.75 Royal College of Speech & Language Therapists, 2005, RCSLT CLIN GUID SAHDDEN BB, 1998, ANAL DISCOURSE COMMU, P9 SHERRATT S, 2004, P INT ASS LOG PHON C Sherratt S, 2007, APHASIOLOGY, V21, P375, DOI 10.1080/02687030600911435 SHROUT PE, 1979, PSYCHOL BULL, V86, P420, DOI 10.1037//0033-2909.86.2.420 Togher L, 2001, J COMMUN DISORD, V34, P131, DOI 10.1016/S0021-9924(00)00045-9 NR 28 TC 7 Z9 7 PU PSYCHOLOGY PRESS PI HOVE PA 27 CHURCH RD, HOVE BN3 2FA, EAST SUSSEX, ENGLAND SN 0268-7038 J9 APHASIOLOGY JI Aphasiology PD MAR-APR PY 2007 VL 21 IS 3-4 BP 355 EP 374 DI 10.1080/02687030600911310 PG 20 WC Clinical Neurology SC Neurosciences & Neurology GA 142VN UT WOS:000244678800007 ER PT J AU Sherratt, S AF Sherratt, Sue TI Multi-level discourse analysis: A feasible approach SO APHASIOLOGY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Stirling Discourse Colloquium CY OCT, 2004 CL Stirling, SCOTLAND HO Univ Stirling ID ALZHEIMERS-DISEASE; ADULTS; APHASIA; SPEECH; AGE; VALIDATION; EDUCATION; COHESION; LANGUAGE; STORY AB Background: The analysis of discourse has now become commonplace but the focus continues to be on discrete aspects or levels of discourse processing. Although this has provided the necessary groundwork, investigating the relationships and interconnections between these levels continues to be stressed. Recently, some studies have formulated multi-level discourse-processing theories and models that explain these interrelationships and that identify the sub-processes involved in producing discourse. This study has used one such model to analyse different levels of discourse and investigate the interconnections between them. Aims: To assess the applicability and utility of using a multi-level discourse-processing model to examine the interaction between levels of discourse produced by individuals without brain damage. Methods & Procedures: A total of 14 narrative and procedural discourse samples were elicited from 32 non-brain-damaged males of different ages and socioeconomic status groups, yielding a total of 394 samples. These samples were analysed in terms of seven broad features (comprising 23 measures), relating to the levels of the multi-level discourse model. The correlations between these measures were determined using the Spearman's rho correlation test. Outcomes & Results: From the clustering of correlations, a number of fruitful relationships were revealed. Greater relevance was related to more appropriate discourse grammar as well as greater cohesion and syntactic complexity. Longer samples were correlated with an increased proportion of cohesive ties, cohesive errors, and syntactic complexity. An increase in non-specific elements was related to reduced syntactic complexity and cohesion. A higher occurrence of left-branching clauses was associated with increased dysfluency. These correlations are explained in terms of the multi-level discourse model. Conclusions: Three conclusions can be drawn. First, using a multi-level discourse-processing model can offer a more realistic perspective of discourse than the analysis of individual aspects. The differential diagnosis of relatively similar discourse impairments (e. g., following head injury, dementia, right brain damage) may ultimately rely on a comparison of the relative deficits at different levels. Second, certain discourse features that can be assessed more objectively (e. g., the number and type of conjunctions) can signal a breakdown at a more conceptual discourse level (e. g., the linking of propositions to each other at a semantic level). Third, these correlations can provide explanatory information regarding more subjective concepts that are difficult to define and measure (e. g., the perception of "relevance'' relates to more structured discourse at the macro and micro level). Although this approach to discourse is challenging, it can provide a starting point for more productive investigations of discourse. C1 Univ Newcastle, Sch Humanities & Social Sci, Callaghan, NSW 2308, Australia. RP Sherratt, S (reprint author), Univ Newcastle, Sch Humanities & Social Sci, Callaghan, NSW 2308, Australia. EM sue.sherratt@newcastle.edu.au CR Armstrong E, 2000, APHASIOLOGY, V14, P875, DOI 10.1080/02687030050127685 CAHFE WL, 1982, SPOKEN WRITTEN LANGU CHAPMAN SB, 1995, AM J SPEECH-LANG PAT, V4, P125 CHERNEY LR, 1990, THESIS U ILLINOIS EV CHERNEY LR, 1990, ASHA CONV SEATTL WA CHEUNG H, 1992, APPL PSYCHOLINGUIST, V13, P53, DOI 10.1017/S0142716400005427 Clark HH, 1997, DISCOURSE PROCESS, V23, P567 Cramer D, 1998, FUNDAMENTAL STAT SOC CRYSTAL D, 1987, CLIN LINGUIST PHONET, V1, P7 DEMBOWSKI J, 1989, ASHA NAT CONV ST LOU Doyle PJ, 1998, APHASIOLOGY, V12, P561, DOI 10.1080/02687039808249558 Doyle PJ, 2000, APHASIOLOGY, V14, P537 Duong A, 2005, BRAIN LANG, V93, P173, DOI 10.1016/j.bandl.2004.10.007 Ellis L, 1994, SOCIAL STRATIFICATIO, V2, P145 FINE J, 1995, APPL PSYCHOLINGUIST, V16, P25, DOI 10.1017/S0142716400006408 FNE J, 1999, PSYCHOL REP, V84, P84 Frederiksen C. H., 1990, DISCOURSE ABILITY BR Frederiksen C. H., 1993, NARRATIVE DISCOURSE FREDERIKSEN CH, 1991, TEXT TEXT PROCESSING Grice H. P., 1975, SYNTAX SEMANTICS SPE, V3 GUBARCHUK J, 1997, DISOCURSE PROCESSES, V23, P63 Halliday Michael, 1976, COHESION ENGLISH HARAVON A, 1994, DISCOURSE ANAL APPL HEDBERG NL, 1985, COHESIVE TIE ANAL MA HOLLAND AL, 1990, RES S COMM SCI DIS A Howell D. C., 1997, STAT METHODS PSYCHOL HUNT KW, 1970, MONOGR SOC RES CHILD, V35, P1 Jakobson R., 1980, FRAMEWORK LANGUAGE JOANETTE Y, 1986, BRAIN LANG, V29, P81, DOI 10.1016/0093-934X(86)90035-0 Kazdin A. E., 1982, SINGLE CASE RES DESI KEMPER S, 1989, APPL PSYCHOLINGUIST, V10, P49, DOI 10.1017/S0142716400008419 Kemper S., 1990, EUROPEAN J COGNITIVE, V2, P205, DOI 10.1080/09541449008406205 KEMPER S, 1999, COGNITION AGING SELF Labov W., 1972, LANGUAGE INNER CITY LEEPER LH, 1995, FOLIA PHONIATR LOGO, V47, P1 Mackenzie C, 2000, CLIN LINGUIST PHONET, V14, P151, DOI 10.1080/026992000298887 Mackenzie C, 2000, INT J LANG COMM DIS, V35, P269, DOI 10.1080/136828200247188 Maxim J., 1994, LANGUAGE ELDERLY MCCABE A, 1990, APPL PSYCHOLINGUIST, V11, P73, DOI 10.1017/S0142716400008298 MULLER RA, 1992, APHASIOLOGY, V6, P443, DOI 10.1080/02687039208249484 Myers P. S., 1993, NARRATIVE DISCOURSE NICHOLAS M, 1985, J SPEECH HEAR RES, V28, P405 Olness GS, 2005, APHASIOLOGY, V19, P251, DOI 10.1080/02687030444000723 OLNESS GS, 2004, CLIN APH C PARK CIT *OPCS, 1992, STAND OCC CLASS, V3 Orange JB, 2000, BRAIN LANG, V71, P172, DOI 10.1006/brln.1999.2243 Peterson C, 1983, DEV PSYCHOLINGUISTIC RIPICH DN, 1988, J SPEECH HEAR DISORD, V53, P8 Sherratt S., 2000, 9 INT APH REH C ROTT Sperber D., 1986, RELEVANCE COMMUNICAT *SPSS INC, 1999, STAT PROC SOC SCI Stemmer B, 1999, BRAIN LANG, V68, P402, DOI 10.1006/brln.1999.2120 Stemmer B., 1998, RIGHT HEMISPHERE LAN Stemmer B, 2000, BRAIN LANG, V71, P233, DOI 10.1006/brln.1999.2257 Tompkins CA, 1995, RIGHT HEMISPHERE COM ULATOWSKA HK, 1983, BRAIN LANG, V18, P315, DOI 10.1016/0093-934X(83)90023-8 Ulatowska HK, 2000, BRAIN LANG, V71, P249, DOI 10.1006/brln.1999.2261 Wallace JL, 1999, TRENDS PHARMACOL SCI, V20, P4, DOI 10.1016/S0165-6147(98)01283-8 Wirz S. L., 1995, PERCEPTUAL APPROACHE NR 59 TC 16 Z9 16 PU PSYCHOLOGY PRESS PI HOVE PA 27 CHURCH RD, HOVE BN3 2FA, EAST SUSSEX, ENGLAND SN 0268-7038 J9 APHASIOLOGY JI Aphasiology PD MAR-APR PY 2007 VL 21 IS 3-4 BP 375 EP 393 DI 10.1080/02687030600911435 PG 19 WC Clinical Neurology SC Neurosciences & Neurology GA 142VN UT WOS:000244678800008 ER PT J AU Body, R AF Body, Richard TI Decision making and somatic markers in conversation after traumatic brain injury SO APHASIOLOGY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Stirling Discourse Colloquium CY OCT, 2004 CL Stirling, SCOTLAND HO Univ Stirling ID IOWA GAMBLING TASK; CLOSED-HEAD-INJURY; FRONTAL-LOBE DAMAGE; PRAGMATIC LANGUAGE-SKILLS; HUMAN PREFRONTAL CORTEX; CLINICAL NEUROPSYCHOLOGY; ORBITOFRONTAL CORTEX; DISCOURSE ABILITIES; BEHAVIORAL-CHANGES; SOCIAL COGNITION AB Background: Social decision making has been investigated in a range of client groups, resulting in the identification of the ventromedial prefrontal cortex (VMPC) as a significant structure in social decision making and the formulation of the somatic marker hypothesis (Damasio, 1994) to explain some of the mechanisms involved. The vulnerability of the VMPC following traumatic brain injury (TBI) suggests a potential degree of overlap between decision-making research and behaviour observed following TBI. Despite this, relatively little awareness of these concepts is evident in research on TBI in general and on communication after TBI in particular. Aims: To review the literature on decision making and the mechanisms thought to mediate it. To examine the potential application of decision-making theory to conversational behaviour following TBI. Main Contribution: The article will highlight the potential role of decision making in conversation, together with the mechanisms that support it, thereby raising awareness among clinicians and researchers of a potentially important contributor to communication after TBI. Conclusions: Social decision making and the somatic marker hypothesis are important constructs for our understanding of behaviours associated with TBI, including conversation. C1 Univ Sheffield, Dept Human Commun Sci, Sheffield S10 2TA, S Yorkshire, England. RP Body, R (reprint author), Univ Sheffield, Dept Human Commun Sci, 31 Claremont Crescent, Sheffield S10 2TA, S Yorkshire, England. EM r.body@sheffield.ac.uk CR ADAMS JH, 1985, NEUROPATH APPL NEURO, V11, P299, DOI 10.1111/j.1365-2990.1985.tb00027.x Adolphs R, 2001, CURR OPIN NEUROBIOL, V11, P231, DOI 10.1016/S0959-4388(00)00202-6 Adolphs R, 1999, TRENDS COGN SCI, V3, P469, DOI 10.1016/S1364-6613(99)01399-6 Bar-On R, 2003, BRAIN, V126, P1790, DOI 10.1093/brain/awg177 Bechara A, 1998, J NEUROSCI, V18, P428 Bechara A, 2005, TRENDS COGN SCI, V9, P159, DOI 10.1016/j.tics.2005.02.002 Bechara A, 2000, CEREB CORTEX, V10, P295, DOI 10.1093/cercor/10.3.295 Bechara A, 2005, GAME ECON BEHAV, V52, P336, DOI 10.1016/j.geb.2004.06.010 Bechara A, 2004, BRAIN COGNITION, V55, P30, DOI 10.1016/j.bandc.2003.04.001 BECHARA A, 1994, COGNITION, V50, P7, DOI 10.1016/0010-0277(94)90018-3 Bechara A, 2002, NEUROPSYCHOLOGIA, V40, P1690, DOI 10.1016/S0028-3932(02)00016-7 Bechara A, 2000, BRAIN, V123, P2189, DOI 10.1093/brain/123.11.2189 Bibby H, 2005, NEUROPSYCHOLOGIA, V43, P99, DOI 10.1016/j.neuropsychologia.2004.04.027 Bigler ED, 2001, ARCH CLIN NEUROPSYCH, V16, P95 Body R, 2005, CLIN LINGUIST PHONET, V19, P379, DOI 10.1080/02699200400027189 Body R, 1996, BRAIN INJURY, V10, P311, DOI 10.1080/026990596124485 Body R, 1999, COMMUNICATION DISORD, P81 Bond F, 1997, BRAIN INJURY, V11, P319, DOI 10.1080/026990597123476 Brown G., 1983, DISCOURSE ANAL Cavedini P, 2002, NEUROPSYCHOLOGIA, V40, P205, DOI 10.1016/S0028-3932(01)00077-X Channon Shelley, 2003, Cogn Neuropsychiatry, V8, P243, DOI 10.1080/135468000344000002 CHANNONS, 2005, BRAIN LANGUAGE, V93, P123 Clark H. H., 1996, USING LANGUAGE Clark L, 2003, NEUROPSYCHOLOGIA, V41, P1474, DOI 10.1016/S0028-3932(03)00081-2 Coelho CA, 1991, J HEAD TRAUMA REHAB, V6, P92, DOI 10.1097/00001199-199106000-00011 COELHO CA, 1995, BRAIN INJURY, V9, P471, DOI 10.3109/02699059509008206 COURVILLE J, 1937, PATHOLOGY CENTRAL NE Croker V, 2005, BRAIN INJURY, V19, P787, DOI 10.1080/02699050500110033 DAMASIO AR, 1991, FRONTAL LOBE FUNCTION AND DYSFUNCTION, P217 DAMASIO AR, 1994, DESCARTER ERROR EMOT DENESRAJ V, 1994, J PERS SOC PSYCHOL, V66, P819, DOI 10.1037//0022-3514.66.5.819 Dennis M, 2001, J HEAD TRAUMA REHAB, V16, P456, DOI 10.1097/00001199-200110000-00005 Dunn BD, 2006, NEUROSCI BIOBEHAV R, V30, P239, DOI 10.1016/j.neubiorev.2005.07.001 Elliott R, 2000, CEREB CORTEX, V10, P308, DOI 10.1093/cercor/10.3.308 ESLINGER PJ, 1985, NEUROLOGY, V35, P1731 Evans CEY, 2004, BRAIN COGNITION, V54, P240, DOI 10.1016/j.bandc.2004.02.022 Fein G, 2004, ALCOHOL CLIN EXP RES, V28, P1487, DOI 10.1097/01.ALC.0000141642.39065.9B Fellows LK, 2005, CEREB CORTEX, V15, P58, DOI 10.1093/cercor/bhh108 Friedland D, 1998, BRAIN INJURY, V12, P1 Fuster JM, 2001, NEURON, V30, P319, DOI 10.1016/S0896-6273(01)00285-9 GENTRY LR, 1988, AM J NEURORADIOL, V9, P101 Godfrey HPD, 2000, APHASIOLOGY, V14, P433 GOODWIN C, 1990, ANNU REV ANTHROPOL, V19, P283, DOI 10.1146/annurev.an.19.100190.001435 Green REA, 2004, NEUROPSYCHOLOGIA, V42, P133, DOI 10.1016/j.neuropsychologia.2003.07.005 Hartley LL., 1995, COGNITIVE COMMUNICAT HARTMAN A, 1992, CLIN REHABIL, V6, P133, DOI 10.1177/026921559200600207 Hornak J, 1996, NEUROPSYCHOLOGIA, V34, P247, DOI 10.1016/0028-3932(95)00106-9 HARTLEY L L, 1991, Brain Injury, V5, P267, DOI 10.3109/02699059109008097 JOHNSON R, 2002, HEAD INJURY REHABILI, P159 Kleeberg J, 2004, ANN NEUROL, V56, P787, DOI 10.1002/ana.20277 O'Driscoll K, 1998, BRIT MED J, V317, P1673 LEVIN HS, 1987, J NEUROSURG, V66, P706, DOI 10.3171/jns.1987.66.5.0706 Levine B, 2005, COGN BEHAV NEUROL, V18, P45, DOI 10.1097/01.wnn.0000152227.13001.c3 Lieberman MD, 2000, PSYCHOL BULL, V126, P109, DOI 10.1037//0033-2909.126.1.109 Macmillan M., 2000, ODD KIND FAME STORIE Maguire EA, 1999, BRAIN, V122, P1839, DOI 10.1093/brain/122.10.1839 Maia TV, 2004, P NATL ACAD SCI USA, V101, P16075, DOI 10.1073/pnas.0406666101 Manes F, 2002, BRAIN, V125, P624, DOI 10.1093/brain/awf049 MCDONALD S, 1993, BRAIN LANG, V44, P28, DOI 10.1006/brln.1993.1003 McDonald S., 2005, BRAIN IMPAIR, V6, P56, DOI 10.1375/brim.6.1.56.65481 MCDONALD S, 1995, BRAIN INJURY, V9, P255, DOI 10.3109/02699059509008197 McDonald S, 2004, NEUROPSYCHOLOGY, V18, P572, DOI 10.1037/0894-4105.18.3.572 MCDONALD S, 1992, APPL PSYCHOLINGUIST, V13, P295, DOI 10.1017/S0142716400005658 McDonald S, 1998, BRAIN LANG, V61, P88, DOI 10.1006/brln.1997.1846 MCDONALD S, 1999, COMMUNICATION DISORD, P19 Milders M, 2003, J CLIN EXP NEUROPSYC, V25, P157, DOI 10.1076/jcen.25.2.157.13642 Monterosso J, 2001, ADDICTION, V96, P1825, DOI 10.1046/j.1360-0443.2001.9612182512.x Pearce S, 1998, BRAIN COGNITION, V38, P150, DOI 10.1006/brcg.1998.1018 Perkins M. R., 1995, CASE STUDIES CLIN LI, P293 PERKINS MR, 2002, INVESTIGATIONS CLIN, P2 Rahman S, 2001, TRENDS COGN SCI, V5, P271, DOI 10.1016/S1364-6613(00)01650-8 Rios M, 2004, BRAIN INJURY, V18, P257, DOI 10.1080/02699050310001617442 Ritter LM, 2004, SCHIZOPHR RES, V68, P65, DOI 10.1016/S0920-9964(03)00086-0 Rogers RD, 1999, NEUROPSYCHOPHARMACOL, V20, P322, DOI 10.1016/S0893-133X(98)00091-8 SAVER JL, 1991, NEUROPSYCHOLOGIA, V29, P1241, DOI 10.1016/0028-3932(91)90037-9 Shurman B, 2005, SCHIZOPHR RES, V72, P215, DOI 10.1016/j.schres.2004.03.020 Snow P, 1998, BRAIN INJURY, V12, P911, DOI 10.1080/026990598121981 Spell LA, 2000, J NONVERBAL BEHAV, V24, P285, DOI 10.1023/A:1006675230193 Spikman JM, 1996, J CLIN EXP NEUROPSYC, V18, P755, DOI 10.1080/01688639608408298 Stuss DT, 2002, ANNU REV PSYCHOL, V53, P401, DOI 10.1146/annurev.psych.53.100901.135220 Tate RL, 1999, PSYCHOL MED, V29, P713, DOI 10.1017/S0033291799008466 TOPLAK ME, 2005, BEHAV BRAIN FUNCTION, V1 Tranel D, 2002, CORTEX, V38, P589, DOI 10.1016/S0010-9452(08)70024-8 Turnbull OH, 2005, BRAIN COGNITION, V57, P244, DOI 10.1016/j.bandc.2004.08.053 Whitlow CT, 2004, DRUG ALCOHOL DEPEN, V76, P107, DOI 10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2004.04.009 Ylvisaker M., 1998, COLLABORATIVE BRAIN NR 86 TC 2 Z9 2 PU PSYCHOLOGY PRESS PI HOVE PA 27 CHURCH RD, HOVE BN3 2FA, EAST SUSSEX, ENGLAND SN 0268-7038 J9 APHASIOLOGY JI Aphasiology PD MAR-APR PY 2007 VL 21 IS 3-4 BP 394 EP 408 DI 10.1080/02687030600911450 PG 15 WC Clinical Neurology SC Neurosciences & Neurology GA 142VN UT WOS:000244678800009 ER PT J AU Murray, L Timberlake, A Eberle, R AF Murray, Laura Timberlake, Anne Eberle, Rebecca TI Treatment of underlying forms in a discourse context SO APHASIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID LINGUISTIC SPECIFIC TREATMENT; AGRAMMATIC APHASIA; SYNTACTIC COMPLEXITY; SENTENCE PRODUCTION; MOVEMENT STRUCTURES; VERB RETRIEVAL; WH-MOVEMENT; MEMORY; MODEL; INFORMATIVENESS AB Background: Previous research indicates that Thompson and colleagues' ( Thompson, 2001; Thompson & Shapiro, 2005) Treatment of Underlying Forms (TUF) can efficiently remediate agrammatic sentence-processing deficits. The theoretical basis of TUF is that training production of complex, noncanonical sentence structures can concomitantly improve production of untrained, syntactically related but simpler sentence structures. Whereas this generalisation to untrained syntactic forms has been well established within constrained, sentence-level tasks, which exploit the same response modality used during training, TUF's generalisation potential in terms of cross-modal effects and discourse-level improvements requires further exploration. Aims: DM, a 52-year-old male with an agrammatic Broca's aphasia profile, was provided with a modified version of TUF, which targeted his writing skills and included a Discourse Training Module that allowed direct rehearsal of targeted syntactic frames within a discourse context. The hypotheses tested were as follows: (a) DM would improve his written production of trained sentence structures and demonstrate generalisation to untrained exemplars of targeted sentence structures as well as untrained, syntactically related syntactic structures; (b) written sentence production treatment would facilitate gains in DM's spoken production of trained and related, untrained sentence structures; and (c) DM would exhibit improved sentence production abilities in discourse post-treatment. Methods & Procedures: A single subject, multiple baseline across-behaviours design was implemented to evaluate acquisition of trained sentence types (object- and subject-extracted embedded who-question sentences), to discern generalisation to untrained sentence types (object- and subject-extracted matrix questions, passives) and discourse, or both, and to identify maintenance of treatment effects. Each week, DM completed two 90-minute sessions of modified TUF as well as written sentence production homework. Outcomes & Results: DM displayed a pattern of sentence acquisition typical of TUF recipients, generalising gains in complex sentence production to the production of untrained, less complex, theoretically related structures. Gains in written production generalised to spoken production of the same structures, and improvements across predominately pragmatic versus morphosyntactic discourse variables were also noted. Conclusions: The treatment outcomes of a modified, written version of TUF were comparable to those in previous studies (e. g., Ballard & Thompson, 1999), and indicated that training written sentence production can evoke substantial cross-modal generalisation to speech. Despite inclusion of a Discourse Training Module, pragmatic versus morphosyntactic aspects of DM's discourse showed most improvement. Therefore, continued investigation of TUF is recommended to determine whether it can efficiently treat structural aspects of discourse production, or what modifications will ensure generalisation to discourse contexts in a broader spectrum of aphasic patients. C1 Indiana Univ, Dept Speech & Hearing Sci, Bloomington, IN 47405 USA. RP Murray, L (reprint author), Indiana Univ, Dept Speech & Hearing Sci, 200 S Jordan Ave, Bloomington, IN 47405 USA. EM lmurray@indiana.edu CR Ballard KJ, 1999, J SPEECH LANG HEAR R, V42, P690 Bastiaanse R., 2002, VERB SENTENCE TEST Beeson PM, 2003, J SPEECH LANG HEAR R, V46, P1038, DOI 10.1044/1092-4388(2003/083) Berndt RS, 1997, BRAIN LANG, V56, P107 Brookshire R. H., 1997, DISCOURSE COMPREHENS Cherney L. S., 1998, ANAL DISCOURSE COMMU, P1 CRAIK FIM, 1972, J VERB LEARN VERB BE, V11, P671, DOI 10.1016/S0022-5371(72)80001-X Dabul B, 2000, APRAXIA BATTERY ADUL, V2nd Davis G, 1985, ADULT APHASIA REHABI FREEDMAN JC, 1964, J ABNORMAL SOC PSYCH, V68, P262 Gibson E, 1998, COGNITION, V68, P1, DOI 10.1016/S0010-0277(98)00034-1 Gierut JA, 2001, LANG SPEECH HEAR SER, V32, P229, DOI 10.1044/0161-1461(2001/021) Grodzinsky Y., 1995, BRAIN LANG, V51, P467 Grodzinsky Y, 2000, BEHAV BRAIN SCI, V23, P1, DOI 10.1017/S0140525X00002399 Hammill D., 1994, TEST ADOLESCENT ADUL Jacobs BJ, 2001, BRAIN LANG, V78, P115, DOI 10.1006/brln.2001.2452 Jacobs BJ, 2000, J SPEECH LANG HEAR R, V43, P5 Kearns K. P., 1989, CLIN APHASIOLOGY, V18, P223 KEARNS KP, 1985, CLIN APHASIOLOGY, V14, P196 KIESLER CA, 1966, J PERS SOC PSYCHOL, V3, P349, DOI 10.1037/h0022943 Kim M, 2004, BRAIN LANG, V88, P1, DOI 10.1016/S0093-934X(03)00147-0 KIRAN S, 2003, J SPEECH LANG HEAR R, V46, P602 Lewis RL, 2005, COGNITIVE SCI, V29, P375, DOI 10.1207/s15516709cog0000_25 LI EC, 1996, J SPEECH LANGUAGE PA, V20, P180 Maas E., 2002, APHASIOLOGY, V6, P609, DOI 10.1080/02687030244000266 MAUNER G, 1993, BRAIN LANG, V45, P340, DOI 10.1006/brln.1993.1050 MITCHUM CC, 1993, APHASIOLOGY, V7, P71, DOI 10.1080/02687039308249500 Murray L, 2004, APHASIOLOGY, V18, P785, DOI 10.1080/02687030444000273 Murray LL, 2000, APHASIOLOGY, V14, P585 NICHOLAS LE, 1993, J SPEECH HEAR RES, V36, P338 Peach RK, 2004, APHASIOLOGY, V18, P429, DOI 10.1080/02687030444000147 Richards K, 2002, J REHABIL RES DEV, V39, P445 RICHARDS SB, 1999, SINGLE SUBJECT RES A ROBERTSON IH, 1994, TEST EVERDAY ATTENTI Robson J, 2001, INT J LANG COMM DIS, V36, P471, DOI 10.1080/13682820110089371 Rose M, 2002, APHASIOLOGY, V16, P1001, DOI 10.1080/02687030143000825 Rose M., 2006, ADV SPEECH LANGUAGE, V8, P92, DOI 10.1080/14417040600657948 Ross KB, 1999, APHASIOLOGY, V13, P113, DOI 10.1080/026870399402235 SAFFRAN EM, 1989, BRAIN LANG, V37, P440, DOI 10.1016/0093-934X(89)90030-8 SHADDEN BB, 1991, CLIN APHASIOLOGY, V20, P327 Thompson CK, 1998, J INT NEUROPSYCH SOC, V4, P661 Thompson C. K., 1995, BRAIN LANG, V51, P124 Thompson CK, 1996, BRAIN LANG, V52, P175, DOI 10.1006/brln.1996.0009 THOMPSON CK, 1996, UNPUB NW SENTENCE CO Thompson CK, 1997, J SPEECH LANG HEAR R, V40, P228 Thompson CK, 2003, J SPEECH LANG HEAR R, V46, P591, DOI 10.1044/1092-4388(2003/047) Thompson CK, 2001, LANGUAGE INTERVENTIO, p[605, 612] Thompson CK, 2005, APHASIOLOGY, V19, P1021, DOI 10.1080/02687030544000227 TOMPKINS CA, 1994, J SPEECH HEAR RES, V37, P896 Wambaugh JL, 2001, APHASIOLOGY, V15, P965 Wambaugh JL, 2000, APHASIOLOGY, V14, P603 NR 51 TC 5 Z9 5 PU PSYCHOLOGY PRESS PI HOVE PA 27 CHURCH RD, HOVE BN3 2FA, EAST SUSSEX, ENGLAND SN 0268-7038 J9 APHASIOLOGY JI Aphasiology PD FEB PY 2007 VL 21 IS 2 BP 139 EP 163 DI 10.1080/02687030601026530 PG 25 WC Clinical Neurology SC Neurosciences & Neurology GA 142VM UT WOS:000244678700001 ER PT J AU Marini, A Caltagirone, C Pasqualetti, P Carlomagno, S AF Marini, Andrea Caltagirone, Carlo Pasqualetti, Patrizio Carlomagno, Sergio TI Patterns of language improvement in adults with non-chronic non-fluent aphasia after specific therapies SO APHASIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID SENTENCE PRODUCTION; CONNECTED SPEECH; REFERENTIAL COMMUNICATION; QUANTITATIVE-ANALYSIS; AGRAMMATIC APHASIA; BROCAS APHASIA; RECOVERY; COMPREHENSION; RETRIEVAL; DISCOURSE AB Background: Methods for functional and linguistic analysis of discourse have been used for describing recovery from aphasia and examining relationships between patterns of recovery and specific therapeutic programmes. This approach, however, has mainly concerned therapeutic programmes for chronic aphasic symptoms (e. g., therapy for chronic agrammatism in non-fluent aphasic subjects). Aims: The first aim of this study was to examine whether functional and linguistic analyses of discourse are suitable to describe aspects of language improvement in subjects recovering from non-fluent aphasia in the first months post-onset. A second objective was to assess the effectiveness of two therapy programmes for chronic aphasia in increasing informativeness and/or morpho-syntactic organisation of connected speech. This was made by examining in-depth the correspondence between each of the two therapy programmes and the results from functional and linguistic analysis of discourse at pre- and post-therapy evaluation. Methods & Procedures: Three subjects with non-fluent aphasia (12, 18, and 22 weeks post-onset, respectively), whose speech was characterised by reduced information content and poor morpho-syntactic organisation, received two consecutive therapy programmes, each consisting of 35 one-hour sessions in seven weeks. The first programme consisted of stimulus-response exercises for producing well-formed sentences (HELPSS, Helm-Estabrooks, Fitzpatrick, & Barresi, 1981). This was followed by a functional treatment programme in PACE format (Carlomagno, Losanno, Emanuelli, & Razzano, 1991) intended to increase informativeness of communicative (verbal and non-verbal) behaviour. At the three assessments (before and after HELPSS and after modified PACE) the three participants were asked to describe two cartoon stories and two single pictures. These connected speech samples underwent functional analysis (CIUs, Nicholas & Brookshire, 1993; Main Concept Analysis, Nicholas & Brookshire, 1995) and linguistic analysis (Marini, Caltagirone, Carlomagno, & Nocentini, 2005a; Marini, Boewe, Caltagirone, & Carlomagno, 2005b) in order to examine the pattern of language recovery. The three participants also received functional evaluation with the EFCP (Wirz, Skinner, & Dean, 1990) for assessing changes in language performance in communicative interaction. At the beginning and end of the therapy period, further evaluation was performed by means of standardised aphasia tests (AAT, Italian version, Luzzatti, Willems, & DeBleser, 1991; CADL, Italian version, Pizzamiglio et al., 1984). Outcomes & Results: Following the therapy programmes, a few changes were observed on standard aphasia tests. However, the informativeness of the speech samples by the three subjects increased. This corresponded to better rating of their language in the EFCP interview. In two subjects, the linguistic analysis of connected speech samples failed to show consistent syntactic organisation at the post-therapy evaluation and differences between effects of the two programmes were marginal. In the third, the pattern of recovery did not correspond closely to that predicted by the type of treatment, i.e., better syntactic organisation of speech output became evident only after the second therapy programme. Conclusions: It is suggested that discourse analysis methods are useful for studying functional and linguistic aspects of recovery in subjects with non-fluent aphasia in the early post-onset period. Furthermore, in this period, specific therapy for chronic agrammatic symptoms may not reduce them. Nonetheless, this therapeutic approach plays a role in improving language informativeness particularly when combined with a functional approach. C1 Univ Udine, IRCCS E Med La Nostra Famiglia, San Vito al Tagliamento, UD, Italy. IRCCS Santa Lucia, Rome, Italy. AfAr Osped Fatebenefratelli Isola Tiberina, Ctr Stat Med, Rome, Italy. IRCCS S Giovanni di Dio Fatebenefratelli, Brescia, Italy. RP Marini, A (reprint author), Univ Udine, Cattedra Fondamenti Anat Fisiol Attiv Psich, Via T Petracco 8, I-33100 Udine, Italy. EM andrea.marini@uniud.it RI Caltagirone, Carlo/B-4930-2013; Pasqualetti, Patrizio/D-4496-2013 CR Armstrong E, 2000, APHASIOLOGY, V14, P875, DOI 10.1080/02687030050127685 Ballard KJ, 1999, J SPEECH LANG HEAR R, V42, P690 BASSO A, 1979, ARCH NEUROL-CHICAGO, V36, P190 Berndt RS, 1997, BRAIN LANG, V60, P197, DOI 10.1006/brln.1997.1799 Beyn E.-S., 1966, CORTEX, V2, P96 BROOKSHIRE RH, 1994, J SPEECH HEAR RES, V37, P399 BYNG S, 1989, APHASIOLOGY, V3, P241, DOI 10.1080/02687038908248993 Carlomagno S, 2001, ARCH PHYS MED REHAB, V82, P1073, DOI 10.1053/apmr.2001.25155 CARLOMAGNO S, 1991, APHASIOLOGY, V5, P419, DOI 10.1080/02687039108248544 Carlomagno S, 1994, PRAGMATIC APPROACHES Carlomagno S, 2005, CORTEX, V41, P520, DOI 10.1016/S0010-9452(08)70192-8 CORREIA L, 1990, J SPEECH HEAR DISORD, V55, P713 Davis G, 1985, ADULT APHASIA REHABI DOYLE PJ, 1987, J SPEECH HEAR DISORD, V52, P143 Goodglass H., 1972, BOSTON DIAGNOSTIC AP Hadar U, 1997, SEMIOTICA, V115, P147, DOI 10.1515/semi.1997.115.1-2.147 Haravon A., 1994, DISCOURSE ANAL APPL, P47 HARTMAN J, 1987, ARCH NEUROL-CHICAGO, V44, P646 HELMESTABROOKS N, 1981, J SPEECH HEAR DISORD, V46, P422 HELMESTABROOKS N, 1986, BRIT J DISORD COMMUN, V21, P39 Herbert R, 2003, APHASIOLOGY, V17, P1163, DOI 10.1080/02687030344000454 HOLLAND A, 1990, HDN NEUROPSYCHOLOGY Holland A., 1980, COMMUNICATIVE ABILIT HUBER W, 1982, BRAIN LANG, V16, P1, DOI 10.1016/0093-934X(82)90069-4 Jakobs B. J., 2001, BRAIN LANG, V78, P115 KERTESZ A, 1977, BRAIN, V100, P1, DOI 10.1093/brain/100.1.1 KERTESZ A, 1982, W APHASIS BATTERY KOLK H, 1992, LANG COGNITIVE PROC, V7, P89, DOI 10.1080/01690969208409381 Larfeuil C, 1997, APHASIOLOGY, V11, P783, DOI 10.1080/02687039708250456 Linebarger MC, 2004, COGN NEUROPSYCHOL, V21, P267, DOI 10.1080/02643290342000537 Linebaugh CW, 1998, APHASIOLOGY, V12, P519, DOI 10.1080/02687039808249555 Luzzatti C., 1991, AACHENER APHASIE TES Marini A, 2005, BRAIN LANG, V93, P46, DOI 10.1016/j.bandl.2004.08.002 Marini A, 2005, J PSYCHOLINGUIST RES, V34, P439, DOI 10.1007/s10936-005-6203-z Marshall J, 1998, BRAIN LANG, V63, P159, DOI 10.1006/brln.1998.1949 MAZZONI M, 1992, APHASIOLOGY, V6, P387, DOI 10.1080/02687039208248609 MICELI G, 1983, BRAIN LANG, V19, P65, DOI 10.1016/0093-934X(83)90056-1 MICELI G, 1984, CORTEX, V20, P207 MURRAY LL, 1995, APHASIOLOGY, V9, P397, DOI 10.1080/02687039508248212 Nespoulous J. L., 1986, PROTOCOLE MONTREAL T Nicholas Linda E., 1995, Journal of Speech and Hearing Research, V38, P145 NICHOLAS LE, 1993, J SPEECH HEAR RES, V36, P338 PIZZAMIGLIO L, 1984, Archivio di Psicologia Neurologia e Psichiatria, V45, P187 POECK K, 1989, J SPEECH HEAR DISORD, V54, P471 Porch B. E., 1981, PORCH INDEX COMMUNIC Rochon E, 2000, BRAIN LANG, V72, P193, DOI 10.1006/brln.1999.2285 Ross KB, 1999, APHASIOLOGY, V13, P113, DOI 10.1080/026870399402235 SAFFRAN EM, 1989, BRAIN LANG, V37, P440, DOI 10.1016/0093-934X(89)90030-8 SCHWARTZ MF, 1994, APHASIOLOGY, V8, P19, DOI 10.1080/02687039408248639 SHEWAN CM, 1988, J COMMUN DISORD, V21, P103, DOI 10.1016/0021-9924(88)90001-9 SHEWAN CM, 1984, BRAIN LANG, V23, P272, DOI 10.1016/0093-934X(84)90068-3 SKINNER C, 1984, EDINBURGH FUNCTIONAL Springer L, 2000, NEUROPSYCHOL REHABIL, V10, P279 Thompson CK, 1996, BRAIN LANG, V52, P175, DOI 10.1006/brln.1996.0009 THOMPSON CK, 1995, BRAIN LANG, V50, P201, DOI 10.1006/brln.1995.1045 THOMPSON CK, 1993, APHASIOLOGY, V7, P111, DOI 10.1080/02687039308249501 WERTZ RT, 1981, J SPEECH HEAR RES, V24, P580 WILLMES K, 1984, NERVENARZT, V55, P62 Wirz SL, 1990, REVISED EDINBURGH FU YORKSTON KM, 1980, J SPEECH HEAR DISORD, V45, P27 NR 60 TC 19 Z9 19 PU PSYCHOLOGY PRESS PI HOVE PA 27 CHURCH RD, HOVE BN3 2FA, EAST SUSSEX, ENGLAND SN 0268-7038 J9 APHASIOLOGY JI Aphasiology PD FEB PY 2007 VL 21 IS 2 BP 164 EP 186 DI 10.1080/02687030600633799 PG 23 WC Clinical Neurology SC Neurosciences & Neurology GA 142VM UT WOS:000244678700002 ER PT J AU Mahendra, N Arkin, SM Kim, ES AF Mahendra, Nidhi Arkin, Sharon M. Kim, Esther S. TI Individuals with Alzheimer's disease achieve implicit and explicit learning: Previous success replicated with different stimuli SO APHASIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID SEMANTIC MEMORY IMPAIRMENT; DEMENTIA; INTERVENTIONS; KNOWLEDGE; ACTIVATION; EXERCISE AB Background: This study is a replication and extension of a verbal learning experiment reported in this journal (Arkin, Rose, & Hopper, 2000) with individuals who had Alzheimer's disease (AD). Those participants demonstrated implicit and explicit learning of exemplars from an inanimate semantic category ( items people wear). Aims: The purpose of this study was to examine the effects of repeated exposure to animal exemplars on implicit and explicit learning of 13 individuals with mild to moderate dementia due to AD (of which 7 also participated in the earlier study). Methods and Procedures: Following 18-20 60-second baseline fluency tests of the target category "animals'', participants engaged in eight sessions of a picture naming and related quiz exercise (study task) that contained 34 words from the target category (exposure words). One hour after each study task session, the fluency test used at baseline was re-administered (experimental fluency test (EFT)). Outcomes and Results: On the study task, the group achieved a significant improvement in the number of correct answers from the first to their best and to their eighth trial (evidence of explicit learning). On the EFTs, 10 of the 13 AD participants produced one or more exposure words never named during the baseline fluency tests (evidence of implicit learning), and 12 out of 13 participants produced novel words that were not exposure words and not produced at baseline (evidence of spreading activation). Additionally, the explicit learning performance of the seven individuals who participated in our earlier study and in this study were compared for the "items people wear'' (nonliving) and "animals'' (living) categories. This comparison revealed a significantly greater improvement in naming performance from the first to the best study task trials for the "items people wear'' (nonliving) category than for the animals (living) category. Conclusions: Results suggest that repeated exposure to and practice in retrieving category exemplars facilitate short-term (over a 1-hour time interval) implicit and explicit learning and semantic activation in AD participants with very mild to moderately severe dementia. Future directions include exploring the length of time over which this explicit and implicit learning is maintained post-intervention. The differential learning curve for living versus nonliving exemplars observed here is suggestive and requires further investigation under more rigorous conditions. C1 Calif State Univ East Bay, East Bay, CA USA. Univ Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA. RP Mahendra, N (reprint author), 4349 Santee Rd, Fremont, CA 94555 USA. EM nidhi.mahendra@csueastbay.edu CR American Psychiatric Association. DI, 1994, DIAGNOSTIC STAT MANU ARKIN S, 2005, LANGUAGE ENRICHED CL ARKIN S, 1994, 3 INT PRACT ASP MEM Arkin S, 2000, AM J ALZHEIMERS DIS, V15, P152, DOI 10.1177/153331750001500301 Arkin SM, 2001, NEUROPSYCHOL REHABIL, V11, P273, DOI 10.1080/09602010143000059 Arkin SM, 1999, GERONTOLOGIST, V39, P729 Arkin SM, 2000, APHASIOLOGY, V14, P723 Baddeley A., 2002, EPISODIC MEMORY NEW, P1 Bayles K. A., 1987, COMMUNICATION COGNIT Bayles K. A., 1993, ARIZONA BATTERY COMM Bayles KA, 2003, J COMMUN DISORD, V36, P327, DOI 10.1016/S0021-9924(03)00047-9 BAYLES KA, 1983, BRAIN LANG, V19, P98, DOI 10.1016/0093-934X(83)90057-3 BERG L, 1988, PSYCHOPHARMACOL BULL, V24, P637 Bird M, 1996, PSYCHOL AGING, V11, P45, DOI 10.1037//0882-7974.11.1.45 Brustrom JE, 1996, AGING NEUROPSYCHOL C, V3, P56, DOI 10.1080/13825589608256612 Camp C. J., 1996, PROSPECTIVE MEMORY T, P351 Camp C. J., 1998, CLIN GERONTOLOGIST, V19, P51, DOI 10.1300/J018v19n01_05 COLLINS AM, 1975, PSYCHOL REV, V82, P407, DOI 10.1037//0033-295X.82.6.407 Daum I, 1996, J CLIN EXP NEUROPSYC, V18, P648, DOI 10.1080/01688639608408289 Folstein MF, 1975, J PSYCHIATR RES, V12, P198 Garrard P, 1998, BRAIN, V121, P633, DOI 10.1093/brain/121.4.633 GLISKY EL, 1987, NEUROPSYCHOLOGIA, V25, P893, DOI 10.1016/0028-3932(87)90094-7 GREEN RL, 1992, HUMAN MEMORY HOPPER T, 2005, J MED SPEECH-LANG PA, V13, pR17 Kucera H., 1967, COMPUTATIONAL ANAL P LIPINSKA B, 1994, J CLIN EXP NEUROPSYC, V16, P809, DOI 10.1080/01688639408402695 Lustig C, 2004, NEURON, V42, P865, DOI 10.1016/j.neuron.2004.04.002 Mahendra Nidhi, 2004, Seminars in Speech and Language, V25, P151 Mahendra N, 2003, J COMMUN DISORD, V36, P395, DOI 10.1016/S0021-9924(03)00048-0 Maki PM, 1996, NEUROPSYCHOLOGY, V10, P464 MARTIN A, 1983, BRAIN LANG, V19, P124, DOI 10.1016/0093-934X(83)90059-7 MAURI A, 1994, J CLIN EXPT NEUROPSY, V15, P685 Montanes P, 1995, J Int Neuropsychol Soc, V1, P39 MORRIS JC, 1989, NEUROLOGY, V39, P1159 Rand-Giovannetti E, 2006, NEUROBIOL AGING, V27, P173, DOI 10.1016/j.neurobiolaging.2004.12.013 REICHARD CC, 1995, J CLIN EXP NEUROPSYC, V17, P325, DOI 10.1080/01688639508405126 SCHACTER DL, 1985, J CLIN EXP NEUROPSYC, V7, P79, DOI 10.1080/01688638508401243 SCHACTER DL, 1987, J EXP PSYCHOL LEARN, V13, P501, DOI 10.1037//0278-7393.13.3.501 Seger CA, 1998, HDB IMPLICIT LEARNIN, P295 SILVERI MC, 1991, NEUROLOGY, V41, P545 SLAMECKA NJ, 1978, J EXP PSYCHOL-HUM L, V4, P592, DOI 10.1037//0278-7393.4.6.592 SQUIRE LR, 1987, MEMORY BRAIN, P151 Tippett LJ, 1996, CORTEX, V32, P143 TULVING E, 1972, ORG MEMEORY Vaidya C. J., 1996, Society for Neuroscience Abstracts, V22, P1449 Vanholder R, 1998, EUR J DERMATOL, V8, P4 WARRINGTON EK, 1984, BRAIN, V107, P829, DOI 10.1093/brain/107.3.829 Zacks R. T., 2000, HDB AGING COGNITION, P293 Zakzanis KK, 2003, NEUROPSYCHOL REV, V13, P1, DOI 10.1023/A:1022318921994 NR 49 TC 2 Z9 3 PU PSYCHOLOGY PRESS PI HOVE PA 27 CHURCH RD, HOVE BN3 2FA, EAST SUSSEX, ENGLAND SN 0268-7038 J9 APHASIOLOGY JI Aphasiology PD FEB PY 2007 VL 21 IS 2 BP 187 EP 207 DI 10.1080/02687030600647922 PG 21 WC Clinical Neurology SC Neurosciences & Neurology GA 142VM UT WOS:000244678700003 ER PT J AU Luck, AM Rose, ML AF Luck, Amy M. Rose, Miranda L. TI Interviewing people with aphasia: Insights into method adjustments from a pilot study SO APHASIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID COMMUNICATION; PARTNERS; FAMILIES; SPEAKING; SPOUSES; ADULTS; LIFE AB Background: An increasing number of researchers are using qualitative methods to study the impact of aphasia. However, there is a paucity of published research outlining if and how qualitative interview methods are altered with participants with aphasia, and how potential modifications impact on the rigour of such research. Aims: In a qualitative, pilot study we investigated (1) What services do males in Victoria with mild chronic aphasia perceive could be provided by the Australian Aphasia Association? (2) How is qualitative in-depth interviewing method altered to accommodate the communicative difficulties experienced by people with aphasia? This paper reports on the second aim. Methods and Procedures: A qualitative phenomenological approach was adopted. Purposeful sampling was used to obtain four participants with mild chronic aphasia across the variables of geographical location and employment status at time of stroke. An interview guide was devised and refined with a fifth pilot participant. Interviews were videotaped to allow for transcription of total communication strategies and 20% of transcriptions were verified by an expert in aphasia. Outcomes and Results: When using the traditional open-ended, non-directive approach to qualitative interviewing, very little information was obtained from the pilot participant. The results from four further participants revealed that with participants with aphasia, the researcher is required to step out of the traditional role of the qualitative interviewer by altering questioning style, offering ideas to participants, and using supportive conversation techniques. Strategies used by participants require that interviews be videotaped so that the meaning of the total communication strategies used can be verified. Conclusions: Valuable data can be obtained from participants with aphasia when the interview method is altered appropriately to meet their communicative needs. The study highlights implications for enhancing rigour in qualitative interviews with people with aphasia. C1 La Trobe Univ, Sch Human Commun Sci, Bundoora, Vic 3086, Australia. RP Rose, ML (reprint author), La Trobe Univ, Sch Human Commun Sci, Bundoora, Vic 3086, Australia. EM m.rose@latrobe.edu.au CR ANDERSON CS, 1993, MED J AUSTRALIA, V158, P80 *AUSTR APH ASS, 2002, CONST AUSTR APH ASS Bernicot J, 2001, INT J LANG COMM DIS, V36, P245 Braunack-Mayer A, 2001, J CLIN ETHIC, V12, P388 BRUMFITT S, 1993, APHASIOLOGY, V7, P569, DOI 10.1080/02687039308248631 Croteau C, 2004, APHASIOLOGY, V18, P291, DOI 10.1080/02687030344000616 Cunningham R, 1998, DISABIL REHABIL, V20, P346 Damico JS, 1999, APHASIOLOGY, V13, P651 DAMICO JS, 1995, CLIN APHASIOLOGY, V23, P84 Elman RJ, 1999, J SPEECH LANG HEAR R, V42, P411 Elman RJ, 1995, CLIN APHASIOL, V23, P77 Fontana A., 2000, HDB QUALITATIVE RES, P361 HERRMANN M, 1990, APHASIOLOGY, V4, P527, DOI 10.1080/02687039008248505 Hersh D, 2001, INT J LANG COMM DIS, V36, P80 Hilari K, 2003, APHASIOLOGY, V17, P365, DOI 10.1080/02687030244000725 Ireland C, 1996, DISABIL REHABIL, V18, P585 JONES J, 1992, COLL SPEECH LANGUAGE, V478, P6 KAGAN A, 1995, TOP STROKE REHABIL, V2, P1 Kendon Adam, 1988, CROSS CULTURAL PERSP, P131 KERTESZ A, 1982, W APHAISIA BATTERY LeDorze G, 1996, DISABIL REHABIL, V18, P550 LEDROZE G, 1995, APHASIOLOGY, V9, P229 Lyon JG, 1997, APHASIOLOGY, V11, P693, DOI 10.1080/02687039708249416 Michallet B, 2003, APHASIOLOGY, V17, P835, DOI 10.1080/02687030344000238 Minichiello V., 1995, DEPTH INTERVIEWING PARR S, 1994, APHASIOLOGY, V8, P457, DOI 10.1080/02687039408248670 Parr S., 1997, TALKING APHASIA PARR S, 1995, APHASIOLOGY, V9, P223, DOI 10.1080/02687039508248197 Parr S., 2000, NEUROGENIC COMMUNICA, P55 Parr S, 2001, FOLIA PHONIATR LOGO, V53, P266, DOI 10.1159/000052681 Portney LG., 2000, FDN CLIN RES APPL PR Rose M., 2006, ADV SPEECH LANGUAGE, V8, P92, DOI 10.1080/14417040600657948 Simmons-Mackie N, 1999, APHASIOLOGY, V13, P807 SIMMONSMACKIE N, 2001, LANGUAGE INTERVENTIO, P248 WESTBY C., 1990, J CHILDHOOD COMMUNIC, V13, P101 Zemva N, 1999, APHASIOLOGY, V13, P219, DOI 10.1080/026870399402190 NR 36 TC 23 Z9 23 PU PSYCHOLOGY PRESS PI HOVE PA 27 CHURCH RD, HOVE BN3 2FA, EAST SUSSEX, ENGLAND SN 0268-7038 J9 APHASIOLOGY JI Aphasiology PD FEB PY 2007 VL 21 IS 2 BP 208 EP 224 DI 10.1080/02687030601065470 PG 17 WC Clinical Neurology SC Neurosciences & Neurology GA 142VM UT WOS:000244678700004 ER PT J AU Marshall, RS Barnes, JK AF Marshall, Rebecca Shisler Barnes, Jennifer K. TI The impact of directed vision in auditory extinction: Preliminary evidence in aphasia SO APHASIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID ATTENTION; NEGLECT; AWARENESS; BINDING AB Background: Researchers have discovered that individuals with aphasia demonstrate deficits in auditory attention (McNeil, Odell, & Tseng, 1991; Murray, 2000), which arguably impedes rehabilitation progress. Additionally, recent research suggests that altering non-brain-damaged individuals' visual attention may work to increase auditory attention (Rorden & Driver, 1999). Aims: In the present study, tasks for assessing extinction (Double Simultaneous Stimulation) were used to determine if directing eye gaze would increase auditory extinction performance for individuals with aphasia. It was hypothesised that directing a patient's eye gaze (visual attention) to the extinguished (omitted) side during the task would "cue'' the patient to the side omitted, thereby increasing performance on the auditory task. Methods & Procedures: Five individuals with aphasia (M=71.6 years) and five healthy controls (M=77.8 years) completed three auditory tasks to test for extinction: two baseline (Letter(1) and Letter(2)) and one experimental (Look). All three tasks required participants to identify and localise the letters presented; however, in the experimental task the participants were directed to look at the sound source (a speaker) on the side where the omission errors were occurring. Outcomes & Results: While participants with aphasia made more omission errors (extinction) than the control group, performance was not altered by static directed visual attention to the side of omissions. Although preliminary, these data suggest that auditory extinction may not decrease in individuals with aphasia similar to findings by Robin and Rizzo (1989). Conclusions: These data provide preliminary results that, while auditory extinction may be evident in individuals with aphasia, simply directing their vision to a given location may not lead to increased performance. Further research in this area can lead to advancements in theoretical and functional assessment for individuals with aphasia who have auditory attention and require speech-language pathology intervention. C1 Univ Georgia, Biomed & Hlth Sci Inst, Athens, GA 30602 USA. Childrens Healthcare Atlanta, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Marshall, RS (reprint author), Univ Georgia, Biomed & Hlth Sci Inst, 570 F Aderhold Hall, Athens, GA 30602 USA. EM rshisler@uga.edu CR Baylis GC, 2001, VIS COGN, V8, P359 Cusack R, 2000, J COGNITIVE NEUROSCI, V12, P1056, DOI 10.1162/089892900563867 Deouell LY, 2000, NEUROREPORT, V11, P3059, DOI 10.1097/00001756-200009110-00046 DRIVER J, 1994, ATTENTION PERFORM, V15, P311 Driver J, 2001, COGNITION, V79, P39, DOI 10.1016/S0010-0277(00)00124-4 MCNEIL MR, 1991, CLIN APHASIOLOGY Molloy D., 1999, STANDARDIZED MINI ME Muntner P, 2002, STROKE, V33, P1209, DOI 10.1161/01.STR.0000015031.57955.D1 Murray LL, 2000, BRAIN LANG, V72, P40, DOI 10.1006/brln.1999.2281 OKITA T, 1993, PSYCHOPHYSIOLOGY, V30, P359, DOI 10.1111/j.1469-8986.1993.tb02057.x Pantev C, 1996, HEARING RES, V100, P164, DOI 10.1016/0378-5955(96)00124-4 POSNER MI, 1984, J NEUROSCI, V4, P1863 POSNER MI, 1987, NEUROPSYCHOLOGIA, V25, P135, DOI 10.1016/0028-3932(87)90049-2 ROBIN D. A., 1989, CLIN APHASIOLOGY, V18, P61 Rorden C, 1999, NEUROPSYCHOLOGIA, V37, P357, DOI 10.1016/S0028-3932(98)00072-4 Shisler RJ, 2005, APHASIOLOGY, V19, P633, DOI 10.1080/02687030444000930 Shisler RJ, 2004, NEUROPSYCHOLOGIA, V42, P836, DOI 10.1016/j.neuropsychologia.2003.06.001 Soroker N, 1997, NEUROPSYCHOLOGIA, V35, P249, DOI 10.1016/S0028-3932(96)00038-3 TSENG CH, 1993, BRAIN LANG, V45, P276, DOI 10.1006/brln.1993.1046 NR 19 TC 0 Z9 0 PU PSYCHOLOGY PRESS PI HOVE PA 27 CHURCH RD, HOVE BN3 2FA, EAST SUSSEX, ENGLAND SN 0268-7038 J9 APHASIOLOGY JI Aphasiology PD FEB PY 2007 VL 21 IS 2 BP 225 EP 234 DI 10.1080/02687030500532810 PG 10 WC Clinical Neurology SC Neurosciences & Neurology GA 142VM UT WOS:000244678700005 ER PT J AU Marshall, RC Capilouto, GJ McBride, JM AF Marshall, Robert C. Capilouto, Gilson J. McBride, Jennifer M. TI Treatment of problem solving in Alzheimer's disease: A short report SO APHASIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID SEMANTIC MEMORY; DEMENTIA; ADULTS; FLUENCY AB Background: Treatments to help persons with Alzheimer's disease ( AD) improve and/or compensate for deteriorating functional abilities have largely focused on cognitive rather than executive functions. Problem solving is an executive function integral to most activities of daily living that is compromised by AD. Successful treatment of problem-solving deficits in persons with AD could potentially increase the amount of time a patient might remain at home by maintaining functional skills and possible delay institutionalisation. Aims: This preliminary experimental study sought to determine the effects of treatment on problem solving by three participants with a diagnosis of AD. Methods & Procedures: The study used a multiple probe design across participants. A single dependent variable, percentage of constraint questions, was used to measure the effects of treatment on solving of problems from the Rapid Assessment of Problem Solving Test ( RAPS; Marshall, Karow, Morelli, Iden, & Dixon, 2003a). Problems on the RAPS require the individual to identify a target picture in a 32-picture array by asking yes/no questions, and the goal is to do this by asking as few questions as possible. Following baseline, participants were treated individually over 12 sessions. Treatment demonstrated how constraint questions ( questions that eliminate more that one item from consideration regardless of whether they are answered yes or no) rather than guesses were useful in solving word problems that mimicked those of the RAPS. Additional probe measures, also using problems from the RAPS, were obtained throughout treatment, and 2 and 4 weeks after treatment (maintenance). Outcomes and Results: All participants increased their asking of constraint questions and decreased guessing from baseline. These increases were apparent during treatment and maintenance. Improvement following treatment was due to participant's use of categorisation skills to ask constraint questions instead of guessing. Conclusions: Improvements in solving problems of the RAPS were attained for all participants with only 12 brief treatment sessions. The treatment provided was relatively passive, participants were not trained to criterion levels, and all participants were treated identically. That treatment led to increased use of categorisation strategies by the participants is promising, categorisation skills often being compromised in AD. Results suggest that components of executive functions such as problem solving may be amenable to treatment in persons with AD, and that there is a need to generate testable hypotheses regarding treatment of problem solving by AD patients in the future. C1 Univ Kentucky, Dept Rehabil Sci, Lexington, KY 40536 USA. RP Marshall, RC (reprint author), Univ Kentucky, Dept Rehabil Sci, 900 S Limestone,CTW 120F, Lexington, KY 40536 USA. EM rcmarsh@uky.edu CR Allen G. J., 1976, COMMUNITY PSYCHOL SC BADDELEY A, 1992, SCIENCE, V255, P556, DOI 10.1126/science.1736359 Bayles K. A., 1987, COMMUNICATION COGNIT Bayles KA, 2003, J COMMUN DISORD, V36, P327, DOI 10.1016/S0021-9924(03)00047-9 BAYLES KA, 1990, BRAIN LANG, V39, P498, DOI 10.1016/0093-934X(90)90158-D BINETTI G, 1995, J CLIN EXP NEUROPSYC, V17, P82, DOI 10.1080/13803399508406584 BLESSED G, 1968, BRIT J PSYCHIAT, V114, P797, DOI 10.1192/bjp.114.512.797 BORKOWSK.JG, 1967, NEUROPSYCHOLOGIA, V5, P135, DOI 10.1016/0028-3932(67)90015-2 BOURGEOIS MS, 1991, J SPEECH HEAR RES, V34, P831 Brookshire RH, 2003, INTRO NEUROGENIC COM CHAN AS, 1993, J COGNITIVE NEUROSCI, V5, P254, DOI 10.1162/jocn.1993.5.2.254 Cummings J. L., 1983, DEMENTIA CLIN APPROA Folstein MF, 1975, J PSYCHIATR RES, V12, P198 FREEDMAN M, 1986, CAN J NEUROL SCI, V13, P410 GLICKSTEIN J, 1997, THERAPEUTIC INTERVEN GOLPER LA, 1983, LANGUAGE HANDICAPS A, P119 Hough MS, 2004, APHASIOLOGY, V18, P589, DOI 10.1080/02687030444000110 Kafer K L, 1997, J Int Neuropsychol Soc, V3, P108 Kaplan E, 1983, BOSTON NAMING TEST Kuhn D., 1999, ALZHEIMERS EARLY STA Lezak M., 2004, NEUROPSYCHOLOGY ASSE LUBINSKI R, 1995, DEMENETIA COMMUNICAT Mahendra Nidhi, 2001, Seminars in Speech and Language, V22, P291, DOI 10.1055/s-2001-17427 MARSHALL RC, IN PRESS SCHIZOPHREN Marshall RC, 2003, AM J SPEECH-LANG PAT, V12, P333, DOI 10.1044/1058-0360(2003/079) Marshall RC, 2003, BRAIN INJURY, V17, P589, DOI 10.1080/0269905031000088496 MCEVOY CL, 1986, GERONTOLOGIST, V26, P475 Murray L. L., 2001, LANGUAGE INTERVENTIO, P55 Murray Laura L., 2000, Seminars in Speech and Language, V21, P153, DOI 10.1055/s-2000-7562 Phillips L. H., 1997, METHODOLOGY FRONTAL, P191 Purdy M., 2002, APHASIOLOGY, V16, P549, DOI 10.1080/02687030244000176 RAU MT, 1993, COPING CHALLENGES AL Raven J. C, 1965, COLORED PROGRESSIVE SELINGER M, 1993, APHASIOLOGY, V7, P165, DOI 10.1080/02687039308249504 Shallice T., 1988, NEUROPSYCHOLOGY MENT SOMMERS LM, 1990, APHASIOLOGY, V4, P573, DOI 10.1080/02687039008248508 Tappen R., 1997, INTERVENTIONS ALZHEI YVLISAKER M, 1998, COLLABORATIVE BRAIN NR 38 TC 4 Z9 4 PU PSYCHOLOGY PRESS PI HOVE PA 27 CHURCH RD, HOVE BN3 2FA, EAST SUSSEX, ENGLAND SN 0268-7038 J9 APHASIOLOGY JI Aphasiology PD FEB PY 2007 VL 21 IS 2 BP 235 EP 247 DI 10.1080/02687030600624400 PG 13 WC Clinical Neurology SC Neurosciences & Neurology GA 142VM UT WOS:000244678700006 ER PT J AU Bunning, K Horton, S AF Bunning, Karen Horton, Simon TI 'Border crossing'' as a route to inclusion: A shared cause with people with a learning disability? SO APHASIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID QUALITY-OF-LIFE; APHASIA; HEALTH; RIGHTS; CARE AB Background: A raft of legislation and social policy has been published in the United Kingdom to progress social inclusion for people with disabilities. Access and participation are central to the notion of inclusive living, which is about being part of a community that is sensitive to the ways of living and the needs of all its members. However, having a disability means that opportunities are not dealt out in equal measure and occupying a "place in society'' is rarely an assured thing. The opposite of inclusion is exclusion. This implies barriers to and remoteness from mainstream activity, where fewer opportunities may be available for self-expression and to influence the actions of others ( Scott & Larcher, 2002). Aims: This paper seeks to broaden the debate on inclusion for people with aphasia by drawing on the documented experiences of people with learning disabilities, the development of practice initiatives, and visions for the future. The extent to which the narratives of people with aphasia find resonance in the life course of people with a learning disability gives rise to a simple question: "Is inclusion a shared cause?'' Main Contribution: Addressing diverse client groups, such as people with aphasia and people with a learning disability, draws out the common experience, despite their separate traditions of service provision. Living with a disabling condition, whether physical, communicative, or intellectual, whether developmental or acquired in type, means that the usual determinants of social inclusion often appear elusive. Review of UK government policy and assessment of its impact on the two communities ( people with aphasia and people with a learning disability) reveals the limitations of a single-track approach. The need for collaborative action involving multiple agencies at the mutually dependent levels of self, community, and society becomes clear. Synthesis of the literature and practice development initiatives from the two clinical groups serves to strengthen the ongoing debate. The right to be included is shared by all human beings regardless of individual characteristics. It is about having the opportunities to perform roles that are personally meaningful, to develop relationships, to engage in self-determination, and to have presence in the places that other people occupy. Conclusion: No matter the primary cause of the disability, marginalisation is frequently a feature of the lived experience. For people with aphasia, it is the impact of having a communication difficulty on quality of life that leads to disruptions to sense of self, autonomy and choice, social life and community participation ( Cruice, Worrall, Hickson, & Murison, 2003). For people with learning disabilities, it is the incremental disempowerment with regard to the uptake of societal roles as maturation takes place ( Barnes, 1997). The concept of "border crossing'' is pertinent to the cause of both groups. It captures the many different ways in which individuals break out of the traditional roles cast for people with disabilities, and engage in self-advocacy. For individuals who grow up with a learning disability "` border crossing'' is affected by the surrounding social support infrastructure offered by statutory services, which is informed by targeted government policy. For people with acquired language impairment, the terrain is less clear. After the initial medical crisis has passed, it is the individual's personal context ( characterised by the roles and responses of marital partner, family members, work colleagues, etc.) rather than statutory service provision, that affects the degree to which individuals are able to resume former life courses. C1 Univ E Anglia, Sch Allied Hlth Profess, Norwich NR4 2TJ, Norfolk, England. RP Bunning, K (reprint author), Univ E Anglia, Sch Allied Hlth Profess, Norwich NR4 2TJ, Norfolk, England. EM k.bunning@uea.ac.uk CR ANDERSEN T, 2001, P TECHN PERS DIS C C ATKINSON D, 2002, ADVOCACY LEARNING DI, P120 Avent JR, 2003, APHASIOLOGY, V17, P397, DOI 10.1080/02687030244000743 BARNES M, 1997, EMPOWERMENT EVERYDAY, P241 BLENKHORN P, 2002, P TECHN PERS DIS C C BOLES L, 2003, J SOCIAL WORK DISABI, V2, P47 Bronfenbrenner U, 2005, MAKING HUMAN BEINGS, P106 Bronfenbrenner U., 1979, ECOLOGY HUMAN DEV EX Bunning K, 2004, SPEECH LANGUAGE THER Burke B., 1995, ANTIOPPRESSIVE PRACT Byng S., 2000, ACQUIRED NEUROGENIC, P49 Byng S, 2002, J COMMUN DISORD, V35, P89, DOI 10.1016/S0021-9924(02)00059-X CARNABY S, 2002, LEARNING DISABILITY, P95 CASSERLEY C, 2000, LAW RIGHTS DISABILIT, P139 Chapey R, 2001, LANGUAGE INTERVENTIO, P235 CLEMENT T, 2002, ADVOCACY LEARNING DI, P50 Cottrell S, 2004, ROYAL COLL SPEECH LA, V630, P12 Cruice M, 2003, APHASIOLOGY, V17, P333, DOI 10.1080/02687030244000707 *DEP HLTH MOD AG, 2003, ESS CAR PAT FOC BENC Department of Health, 2001, VAL PEOPL NEW STRAT Department of Health, 2001, NAT SERV FRAM OLD PE Department of Health, 2005, CREAT PAT LED NHS Department of Health, 1996, COMM CAR DIR PAYM AC Department of Health, 1990, NHS COMM CAR ACT *DFEE, 1995, DIS DISCR ACT Dowson S., 1997, EMPOWERMENT EVERYDAY, P101 Felce D, 1996, J APPL RES INTELLECT, V9, P101 Freeman M, 2004, INT J LANG COMM DIS, V39, P481 Garcia LJ, 2002, J COMMUN DISORD, V35, P187, DOI 10.1016/S0021-9924(02)00064-3 GOBLE C, 2002, ADVOCACY LEARNING DI, P72 Goodley Dan, 2000, SELF ADVOCACY LIVES GRANT G, 1997, EMPOWERMENT EVERYDAY, P121 HEDLEY I, 2004, ICT SPECIAL ED NEEDS, P64 Hilari K, 2003, APHASIOLOGY, V17, P365, DOI 10.1080/02687030244000725 Johnson R., 1994, PICTURE COMMUNICATIO Kagan A, 2002, J COMMUN DISORD, V35, P153, DOI 10.1016/S0021-9924(02)00062-X Kenworthy J, 2000, DISABIL SOC, V15, P219 Lasker JP, 2005, APHASIOLOGY, V19, P399, DOI 10.1080/02687030444000840 Law J, 2005, DISABIL SOC, V20, P169, DOI 10.1080/09687590500059267 LINDSAY G, 2002, CHILD LANGUAGE TECHI, V3, P91 Moore W, 2002, BRIT MED J, V324, P993, DOI 10.1136/bmj.324.7344.993 MOSELY J, 1994, YOU CHOOSE MURPHY J., 2002, TALKING MATS LEARNIN MURPHY J, 2002, SPEECH LANG THER SPR, P18 Murphy J., 2000, BRIT J THERAPY REHAB, V7, P454 Parr S., 1997, TALKING APHASIA PARR S, 2003, INCLUSIVE INTERNET T Parr S., 2004, LIVING SEVERE APHASI PETERS S, 1996, DISABILITY SOC EMERG, P215 Petheram B, 1996, APHASIOLOGY, V10, P267, DOI 10.1080/02687039608248412 POUND C, 2000, APHASIA THERAPIES LI RAHAMIN L, 2004, ICT SPECIAL ED NEEDS, P35 RAMCHARAN P, 1997, EMPOWERMENT EVERYDAY, P241 RITTEL H, 1973, POLICY SCI, V4, P156 SCOTT J, 2002, ADVOCACY LEARNING DI, P170 Shale A., 2004, RCSLT B, V621, P14 Silverman J, 1999, SKILLS COMMUNICATING STALKER K, 2002, ADULT DAY SERVICES S, P46 Stevens C, 2004, ICT SPECIAL ED NEEDS, P21 STIRLING A, 2003, ROYAL COLL SPEECH LA, V614, P10 TYNE A, 1981, PRINCIPLE NORMALISAT von Tetzchner S., 1996, AUGMENTATIVE ALTERNA, P19 WADDINGTON L, 2000, LAW RIGHTS DISABILIT, P33 Walker M., 1980, MAKATON VOCABULARY WALMSLEY J, 2002, ADVOCACY LEARNING DI, P24 Wanless D., 2002, SECURING OUR FUTURE Wolfensberger W., 1992, BRIEF INTRO SOCIAL R WOODCOCK R, 1968, PEABODY REBUS READIN Young DA, 2000, DISABIL SOC, V15, P747, DOI 10.1080/713661998 NR 69 TC 6 Z9 6 PU PSYCHOLOGY PRESS PI HOVE PA 27 CHURCH RD, HOVE BN3 2FA, EAST SUSSEX, ENGLAND SN 0268-7038 J9 APHASIOLOGY JI Aphasiology PD JAN PY 2007 VL 21 IS 1 BP 9 EP 22 DI 10.1080/02687030600798162 PG 14 WC Clinical Neurology SC Neurosciences & Neurology GA 131NX UT WOS:000243877200002 ER PT J AU Pound, C Duchan, J Penman, T Hewitt, A Parr, S AF Pound, Carole Duchan, Judith Penman, Tom Hewitt, Alan Parr, Susie TI Communication access to organisations: Inclusionary practices for people with aphasia SO APHASIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID PARTNERS; SUPPORT; ADULTS AB Background: When speech and language therapists/ pathologists talk about inclusion, they are usually referring to a client being included in events outside the clinic or the organisation that provides the speech and language therapy services. This article describes ways in which those providing services for and with people with aphasia can work to involve service users in their own organisations. A communication access pathway to inclusion and user involvement in organisations is presented. This draws on established methods in the field, as well as on methods and underpinning frameworks that require a shift in views about the nature of service provision. The pathway involves ( 1) targeting situations in which the "business'' of the organisation takes place and then ( 2) designing ways of achieving communication access to those situations. Aims: The overall aim is to present ways in which an organisation can become more communicatively accessible to service users with aphasia and communication disabilities. We describe a range of involvement contexts and communication access conditions at Connect, a charity in the UK, where we have attempted to increase the engagement and power of people with aphasia in our organisation's business. Main contribution: In order to show how organisations can create more inclusive practice, we present some of our own projects. We describe four different contexts in our organisation that we targeted for inclusion: ( 1) making therapy choices, ( 2) delivering therapy services, ( 3) providing courses to service providers, and ( 4) employment practices. For each of these contexts we present methods used to support the involvement of people with aphasia. Some types of support are tried and tested methods arising out of established theories, others are newer to the field and require a shift in thinking and values. Conclusions: In order to attain authentic communication access for people with aphasia, service providers need to look beyond established theories and practices. The result, judging from anecdotal evidence as well as evidence from qualitative evaluation, suggests that creating communication access in a service organisation can serve as a powerful means for involving people with aphasia and in so doing can improve on the services provided to them. C1 Connect, Commun Disabil Network, London SE1 1HL, England. RP Pound, C (reprint author), Connect, Commun Disabil Network, 16-18 Marshalsea Rd, London SE1 1HL, England. EM carolepound@ukconnect.org CR Beukelman DR, 1992, AUGMENTATIVE ALTERNA Byng S, 2005, APHASIOLOGY, V19, P906, DOI 10.1080/02687030544000128 Chapman R., 1981, ASSESSING LANGUAGE P, P111 CHAPSEY R, 2001, LANGUAGE INTERVENTIO DAVIS G, 1980, CLIN APH C P, P248 Department of Health, 2003, BUILD BEST CHOIC RES Department of Health, 2005, NAT SERV FRAM LONG T Department of Health, 2001, EXP PAT NEW APPR CHR HEWITT A, 2003, APHASIA INSIDE OUT HOLLAND AL, 1980, CADL TEST FUNCTIONAL Kagan A, 1998, APHASIOLOGY, V12, P816, DOI 10.1080/02687039808249575 LIGHT J, 1992, J SPEECH HEAR RES, V35, P865 LINDSAY J, 2000, PARTNERSHIPS PRACTIC LYON J, 1989, CLIN APH C P Lyon JG, 1997, APHASIOLOGY, V11, P693, DOI 10.1080/02687039708249416 Manolson A., 1992, IT TAKES 2 TALK Pound C, 2004, DISABLING BARRIERS E, P161 PRUTTING CA, 1982, J SPEECH HEAR DISORD, V47, P123 Stacey R. D., 2000, COMPLEXITY MANAGEMEN Swain J., 2004, ENABLING RELATIONSHI *US DEP ED NAT I D, 2005, PART ACT RES VANDERGAAG A, 2005, SPEECH LANGUAGE THER, P10 van der Gaag A, 2005, CLIN REHABIL, V19, P372, DOI 10.1191/0269215505cr785oa NR 23 TC 14 Z9 15 PU PSYCHOLOGY PRESS PI HOVE PA 27 CHURCH RD, HOVE BN3 2FA, EAST SUSSEX, ENGLAND SN 0268-7038 J9 APHASIOLOGY JI Aphasiology PD JAN PY 2007 VL 21 IS 1 BP 23 EP 38 DI 10.1080/02687030600798212 PG 16 WC Clinical Neurology SC Neurosciences & Neurology GA 131NX UT WOS:000243877200003 ER PT J AU Simmons-Mackie, NN AF Simmons-Mackie, Nina N. TI Communicative access and decision making for people with aphasia: Implementing sustainable healthcare systems change SO APHASIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID LONG-TERM-CARE; QUALITY-OF-LIFE; CONVERSATION PARTNERS; TRAINING VOLUNTEERS; SUPPORTED CONVERSATION; ADULTS; RESIDENTS; PARTICIPATION; CAREGIVERS; STROKE AB Background: Communicative access to information and decision making in health care appears limited for people with aphasia in spite of research demonstrating that communicative participation can be enhanced with skilled communication partners and appropriate resources. In order to address this concern, a project was designed to target the "systems'' level of health care via a multi-faceted, team-based intervention called the Communicate Access Improvement Project ( CAIP). Aims: This project aimed to improve communicative access to information and decision making for people with aphasia within three healthcare systems ( i.e., acute care, rehabilitation, long-term care) by increasing teams members' knowledge of and skill in providing communicative supports and by facilitating the implementation of facility-specific communicative access goals. Methods & Procedures: Three teams representing diverse disciplines participated in the project that included a 2- day training session for each team, development of institution-specific communicative access improvement goals and materials, and on-site follow-up and support from a project speech- language pathologist. In order to determine the outcomes of team training and follow- up, qualitative research methods were employed including observation, focus groups, and open- ended interviews with team members. Qualitative data were collected before and after the 2- day skills training and after a 4-month follow- up period. Using qualitative thematic analysis the qualitative data were analysed in order to evaluate the training process, to estimate the impact of training on team knowledge, attitude, and practice, and to identify trends, themes, emerging patterns, and primary issues associated with communicative access ( Spradley, 1980). Outcomes & Results: After the 2- day training, all teams demonstrated increased knowledge of methods of supporting communicative access, and improved understanding of access and inclusion for aphasia. After follow- up, the rehabilitation and long- term care teams achieved communicative access improvement goals and identified examples of systems changes and increased participation of people with aphasia within their programmes. They also perceived changes in team member values that supported communicative access. The acute care team reported less success in implementing goals for systems change after the 4- month follow- up. Barriers to and facilitators of sustainable system change were identified. Conclusions: Targeting systems- level change appeared to be a useful approach to improving access to healthcare information and decision making for people with aphasia. The project provided insights into factors that facilitated or impeded communicative access in each healthcare setting and provided valuable information for future interventions designed to improve communicative access for people with aphasia. C1 Aphasia Inst, Toronto, ON, Canada. SE Louisiana Univ, Hammond, LA 70402 USA. Baycrest Ctr Geriatr Care, Toronto, ON, Canada. Univ Toronto, Toronto Western Hosp, Hlth Network, Toronto, ON M5T 2S8, Canada. RP Simmons-Mackie, NN (reprint author), 131 Orchard Row, Abita Springs, LA 70420 USA. EM nmackie@selu.edu CR Alborz Alison, 2005, J Health Serv Res Policy, V10, P173, DOI 10.1258/1355819054338997 ALEJANDRO B, 2000, J MULTICULTURAL SUM, V6, P7 BYNG S, 2003, HAVING SAY INVOLVING *COMM ACCR REH FAC, 2005, STAND MED REH Cruice M, 2003, APHASIOLOGY, V17, P333, DOI 10.1080/02687030244000707 DOWNING B, 2002, MODELS PROVISION LAN Drew P, 2001, Health Expect, V4, P58, DOI 10.1046/j.1369-6513.2001.00125.x FARRELL C, 1997, HLTH CARE PARTNERSHI Genereux S, 2004, APHASIOLOGY, V18, P1161, DOI 10.1080/02687030444000507 Hickey EM, 2004, APHASIOLOGY, V18, P625, DOI 10.1080/02687030444000093 Joint Commission on Accreditation of Healthcare Organizations, 2005, COMPR ACCR MAN HOSP Kagan A., 1996, PICTOGRAPHIC COMMUNI Kagan A, 2002, J COMMUN DISORD, V35, P153, DOI 10.1016/S0021-9924(02)00062-X KAGAN A, 2003, AM SPEECH LANG HEAR KAGAN A, 2000, AM SPEECH L ANG HEAR Kagan A, 2001, J SPEECH LANG HEAR R, V44, P624, DOI 10.1044/1092-4388(2001/051) Kagan A, 1998, APHASIOLOGY, V12, P816, DOI 10.1080/02687039808249575 Law J, 2005, DISABIL SOC, V20, P169, DOI 10.1080/09687590500059267 LEDORZE G, 1994, EUR J DISORDER COMM, V29, P241 Le Dorze G, 2000, APHASIOLOGY, V14, P17 Legg C, 2005, APHASIOLOGY, V19, P559, DOI 10.1080/0268703054400029 Lyon J. G., 1998, APPROACHES TREATMENT, P203 Lyon JG, 1997, APHASIOLOGY, V11, P693, DOI 10.1080/02687039708249416 Law M, 1994, Can J Occup Ther, V61, P191 MCEWEN S, 2006, SYSTEMS APPROACH IMP Mertens D. M., 1997, RES METHODS ED PSYCH Parr S., 1997, TALKING APHASIA Parr S., 2004, LIVING SEVERE APHASI Rappolt S, 2005, J CONTIN EDUC HEALTH, V25, P116, DOI 10.1002/chp.16 Rayner H, 2003, INT J LANG COMM DIS, V38, P149, DOI 10.1080/1368282021000060308 Rose TA, 2003, APHASIOLOGY, V17, P947, DOI 10.1080/02687030344000319 Ross KB, 2003, APHASIOLOGY, V17, P355, DOI 10.1080/02687030244000716 Simmons-Mackie NN, 2005, APHASIOLOGY, V19, P583, DOI 10.1080/02687030444000408 Skinner HA, 2002, PROMOTING HLTH ORG C Spradley J., 1979, ETHNOGRAPHIC INTERVI SPRADLEY JP, 1980, PRTICIPANT OBSERVATI THOMSONOBRIEN M, 2004, COCHRANE LIB WESTBY C., 1990, J CHILDHOOD COMMUNIC, V13, P101 NR 38 TC 40 Z9 45 PU PSYCHOLOGY PRESS PI HOVE PA 27 CHURCH RD, HOVE BN3 2FA, EAST SUSSEX, ENGLAND SN 0268-7038 J9 APHASIOLOGY JI Aphasiology PD JAN PY 2007 VL 21 IS 1 BP 39 EP 66 DI 10.1080/02687030600798287 PG 28 WC Clinical Neurology SC Neurosciences & Neurology GA 131NX UT WOS:000243877200004 ER PT J AU Threats, T AF Threats, Travis TI Access for persons with neurogenic communication disorders: Influences of Personal and Environmental Factors of the ICF SO APHASIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID DISABILITY; APHASIA; CARE AB Background: Access for persons with acquired communication disorders is an important area that has been evaluated and discussed using many different theoretical frameworks. Clinicians and researchers need practical frameworks and more direction to guide specific assessments of the issues influencing access. Aim: This article discusses the issue of access through the framework of the Personal and Environmental Factors of the World Health Organisation's International Classification of Functioning, Disability, and Health (ICF). Main Contribution: The ICF's Personal and Environmental Factors are discussed in relationship to access and their interactions with each other. A fuller understanding of the complexities of access issues can be achieved though the ICF framework and this article uses clinical examples to demonstrate this complexity. The clinician's role in promoting or hindering access for their clients is discussed. Lastly, the challenge of evidence-based practice and research with access issues is addressed. Conclusions: The Personal and Environmental Factors of the ICF can be used to help elucidate the different aspects and complexity of access issues with persons with acquired aphasia. These areas need further research in order to advance intervention towards improving the lives of this population. C1 St Louis Univ, Dept Commun Sci & Disorders, St Louis, MO 63103 USA. RP Threats, T (reprint author), St Louis Univ, Dept Commun Sci & Disorders, 3750 Lindell Blvd, St Louis, MO 63103 USA. EM threatst@slu.edu CR [Anonymous], 2000, AM HERITAGE DICT ENG Brush JA, 2003, J COMMUN DISORD, V36, P379, DOI 10.1016/S0021-9924(03)00049-2 Byng S., 2000, ACQUIRED NEUROLOGICA Chapey R, 2001, LANGUAGE INTERVENTIO, P235 Damico JS, 2003, AM J SPEECH-LANG PAT, V12, P131, DOI 10.1044/1058-0360(2003/060) Duchan JF, 2004, ADV SPEECH LANGUAGE, V6, P63, DOI 10.1080/14417040410001669444 GALLOIS C, 2002, 10 INT APH REH C BRI Garcia LJ, 2000, APHASIOLOGY, V14, P269 Howe TJ, 2004, APHASIOLOGY, V18, P1015, DOI 10.1080/02687030444000499 Hurst R, 2003, DISABIL REHABIL, V25, P572, DOI 10.1080/0963828031000137072 LUTERMAN DM, 1991, COUNSELING COMMUNICA Mayberry RM, 2000, MED CARE RES REV, V57, P108, DOI 10.1177/107755800773743628 Oliver M., 1996, UNDERSTANDING DISABI PARR S, 1999, APHASIA HDB PENN C, 2000, NEUROGENIC COMMUNICA PREECE J, 1995, DISABIL SOC, V10, P87, DOI 10.1080/09687599550023741 Reeve D, 2002, DISABIL SOC, V17, P493, DOI 10.1080/09687590220148487 Rioux MH, 1997, J INTELL DISABIL RES, V41, P102, DOI 10.1111/j.1365-2788.1997.tb00686.x Stone E, 1996, BRIT J SOCIOL, V47, P699, DOI 10.2307/591081 Threats TT, 2002, J MED SPEECH-LANG PA, V10, pXVII THREATS T, 2005, PERSPECTIVES COMMUNI, V12, P3, DOI 10.1044/cds12.3.3 Tregaskis C, 2002, DISABIL SOC, V17, P457, DOI 10.1080/09687590220140377 Williams DR, 2000, HEALTH CARE FINANC R, V21, P75 World Health Organisation, 2001, INT CLASS FUNCT DIS Ylvisaker M, 2000, APHASIOLOGY, V14, P407 NR 25 TC 34 Z9 37 PU PSYCHOLOGY PRESS PI HOVE PA 27 CHURCH RD, HOVE BN3 2FA, EAST SUSSEX, ENGLAND SN 0268-7038 J9 APHASIOLOGY JI Aphasiology PD JAN PY 2007 VL 21 IS 1 BP 67 EP 80 DI 10.1080/02687030600798303 PG 14 WC Clinical Neurology SC Neurosciences & Neurology GA 131NX UT WOS:000243877200005 ER PT J AU Simmons-Mackie, NN Damico, JS AF Simmons-Mackie, Nina N. Damico, Jack S. TI Access and social inclusion in aphasia: Interactional principles and applications SO APHASIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID DOMINANT INTERPRETIVE FRAMEWORK; SUPPORTED CONVERSATION; COMPENSATORY STRATEGIES; LANGUAGE; PEOPLE; COMMUNICATION; SPEAKING; PARTNERS; SPOUSES; ADULTS AB Background: People with aphasia are often excluded from full participation in communicative events and social interactions. Many consider the aphasic language deficit as the cause of social exclusion. However, social exclusion is a complex process that is situated within the wider realm of human social action. While the aphasia literature has provided data on resources and strategies that impact on inclusion and participation, other realms of social science have targeted social action in all its authenticity and complexity, and have focused on how social action is effectively established, negotiated, and sustained. A study of this literature can expand our understanding of issues involved in inclusion, participation, and communicative access of people with aphasia. Aims: This article will review a selected corpus of social science research that is outside the clinician's typical experience, but that is relevant to the issues of accessibility and social inclusion in aphasia. Main Contribution: Four interactional principles relevant to the enhancement of social accessibility and social inclusion will be discussed. These four principles concern social constructionism, local negotiation of social action, the collaborative nature of social action, and ways that social dimensions are manifested in social action. Understanding of broad principles of social interaction will improve our ability to enable social participation and inclusion of people with aphasia. Conclusions: This paper will describe four principles of human social interaction and highlight clinical implications involving various therapeutic strategies and communicative values related to communicative inclusion and social participation. C1 SE Louisiana Univ, Hammond, LA 70402 USA. Univ Louisiana Lafayette, Lafayette, LA USA. RP Simmons-Mackie, NN (reprint author), 131 Orchard Row, Abita Springs, LA 70420 USA. EM nmackie@selu.edu CR Artes R, 1976, RECOVERY APHASICS, P31 BELL A, 1984, LANG SOC, V13, P145 Berger P., 1967, SOCIAL CONSTRUCTION Blumer H., 1969, SYMBOLIC INTERACTION Booth S, 1999, APHASIOLOGY, V13, P283 Bruner J. S., 1990, ACTS MEANING Byng S., 2000, ACQUIRED NEUROGENIC, P49 Byng S, 2002, J COMMUN DISORD, V35, P89, DOI 10.1016/S0021-9924(02)00059-X BYNG S, 2003, HAVING SAY INVOLVING Chapey R, 2001, LANGUAGE INTERVENTIO, P235 COLLINS R, 1991, RES AGENDAS SOCIOLOG, P27 COPELAND M, 1989, APHASIOLOGY, V3, P301, DOI 10.1080/02687038908249001 Croteau C, 2004, APHASIOLOGY, V18, P291, DOI 10.1080/02687030344000616 Damico JS, 2005, LANG SOC-SER, P63, DOI 10.1002/9780470754856.ch6 DAMICO JS, 2000, UNPUB CLIN APH C WAI Damico JS, 1999, APHASIOLOGY, V13, P651 Damico JS, 1997, LANG SPEECH HEAR SER, V28, P288 Davidson B, 2003, APHASIOLOGY, V17, P243, DOI 10.1080/02687030244000653 Davis K. E., 1985, SOCIAL CONSTRUCTION DURANTI Alessandro, 1992, RETHINKING CONTEXT L Durkheim Emile, 1964, DIVISION LABOR SOC Elman R. J., 1995, AM J SPEECH-LANG PAT, V4, P115 Enderby P, 1997, THERAPY OUTCOME MEAS Fairclough N., 1989, LANGUAGE POWER Ferguson A, 1996, CLIN LINGUIST PHONET, V10, P55, DOI 10.3109/02699209608985161 Garfinkel H, 1967, STUDIES ETHNOMETHODO Garrett KL, 1995, CLIN APHASIOL, V23, P237 Gergen K. G., 1991, SATURATED SELF GOFFMAN E, 1974, INTERACTION RITUAL E Goffman Ervin, 1967, INTERACTION RITUAL Goffman Erving, 1964, STIGMA NOTES MANAGEM Goffman Erving, 1969, STRATEGIC INTERACTIO GOODWIN C, 1995, RES LANG SOC INTERAC, V28, P233, DOI 10.1207/s15327973rlsi2803_4 Goodwin Charles, 2002, LANGUAGE TURN SEQUEN, P56 Heritage John, 1984, GARFINKEL ETHNOMETHO Hollis GE, 1998, J CHART INST WATER E, V12, P9 HYMES D, 1967, J SOC ISSUES, V23, P8 Kagan A, 2002, J COMMUN DISORD, V35, P153, DOI 10.1016/S0021-9924(02)00062-X Kagan A, 2001, J SPEECH LANG HEAR R, V44, P624, DOI 10.1044/1092-4388(2001/051) Kagan A, 1998, APHASIOLOGY, V12, P816, DOI 10.1080/02687039808249575 Kagan A., 1993, APHASIA TREATMENT WO, P199 KEMPER TD, 1991, RES AGENDAS SOCIOLOG KINSELLA GJ, 1980, SCAND J REHABIL MED, V12, P73 Klippi A., 1996, STUDIA FENNICA LINGU, V6 KLIPPI A, 1991, APHASIOLOGY, V5, P373, DOI 10.1080/02687039108248538 KNOX D, 1971, PORTRAIT APHASIA LAASKO M, 1997, STUDIA FENNICA LINGU, V8 LEDORZE G, 1995, APHASIOLOGY, V9, P239 Lindsay J, 1999, APHASIOLOGY, V13, P305 LYON JG, 1996, ADULT APHASIA REHABI, P137 LYON JG, 1997, AGING COMMUNICATION, P299 Madden ML, 2002, APHASIOLOGY, V16, P1199, DOI 10.1080/02687030244000437 MALONE RL, 1970, BRIT J DISORDERS COM, V59, P174 Michallet B, 2003, APHASIOLOGY, V17, P835, DOI 10.1080/02687030344000238 MILROY L, 1992, CLIN LINGUIST PHONET, V6, P27, DOI 10.3109/02699209208985517 MULLER DJ, 1983, APHASIA THERAPY, P101 Oelschlaeger ML, 1998, CLIN LINGUIST PHONET, V12, P459, DOI 10.3109/02699209808985238 Oelschlaeger T A, 2000, Subcell Biochem, V33, P3 Oelschlaeger ML, 1998, APHASIOLOGY, V12, P971, DOI 10.1080/02687039808249464 Oliver M., 1983, SOCIAL WORK DISABLED Panagos John M., 1996, P41 PARK R, 1928, AM J SOCIOL, V33, P888 PARR S, 1994, APHASIOLOGY, V8, P457, DOI 10.1080/02687039408248670 Parr S., 1997, TALKING APHASIA Parr S., 2003, APHASIA INSIDE OUT R PERKINS L, 1999, APHASIOLOGY, V13, P251 PERKINS L, 1995, EUR J DISORDER COMM, V30, P372 RAMSBERGER G, 2001, APHASIOLOGY, V16, P337 Rogers Mary F., 1980, VIEW GOFFMAN, P100 Sacks H., 1992, LECT CONVERSATION, VI Scheff Thomas J., 1990, MICROSOCIOLOGY DISCO SCHEGLOF.EA, 1968, AM ANTHROPOL, V70, P1075, DOI 10.1525/aa.1968.70.6.02a00030 SHOTTER J, 1984, CONVERSATIONAL REALI Simmel Georg, 1950, SOCIOLOGY G SIMMEL SIMMONS N, 1993, THESIS LOUISIANA STA Simmons-Mackie N, 1999, APHASIOLOGY, V13, P807 Simmons-Mackie N, 1998, APHASIOLOGY, V12, P831, DOI 10.1080/02687039808249576 Simmons-Mackie N, 2004, AM J SPEECH-LANG PAT, V13, P114, DOI 10.1044/1058-0630(2004/013) Simmons-Mackie N, 1999, CONSTRUCTING (IN) COMPETENCE, P313 Simmons-Mackie N, 2003, APHASIOLOGY, V17, P751, DOI 10.1080/02687030344000229 Simmons-Mackie N, 1999, AM J SPEECH-LANG PAT, V8, P218 Simmons-Mackie N. N., 1996, AM J SPEECH-LANG PAT, V5, P37 SimmonsMackie NN, 1996, DISABIL REHABIL, V18, P540 SIMMONSMACKIE NN, 2004, LANG SOC INT C PROV SIMMONSMACKIE NN, 2001, TOP LANG DISORD, V21, P21 SimmonsMackie NN, 1995, CLIN APHASIOL, V23, P95 SimmonsMackie NN, 1997, APHASIOLOGY, V11, P761, DOI 10.1080/02687039708250455 Tannen Deborah, 1987, POWER DISCOURSE, P3 Thompson C., 1998, MEASURING OUTCOMES S, P245 ULICHNY P, 1989, DISCOURSE PROCESS, V12, P309 Weber M., 1946, THEORY SOCIAL EC ORG Wilkinson R., 1995, CASE STUDIES CLIN LI, P271 Worrall L, 2002, J COMMUN DISORD, V35, P107, DOI 10.1016/S0021-9924(02)00060-6 Worrall L., 2000, NEUROGENIC COMMUNICA NR 94 TC 21 Z9 22 PU PSYCHOLOGY PRESS PI HOVE PA 27 CHURCH RD, HOVE BN3 2FA, EAST SUSSEX, ENGLAND SN 0268-7038 J9 APHASIOLOGY JI Aphasiology PD JAN PY 2007 VL 21 IS 1 BP 81 EP 97 DI 10.1080/02687030600798311 PG 17 WC Clinical Neurology SC Neurosciences & Neurology GA 131NX UT WOS:000243877200006 ER PT J AU Parr, S AF Parr, Susie TI Living with severe aphasia: Tracking social exclusion SO APHASIOLOGY LA English DT Article AB Background: Little is known about what happens to people with severe aphasia in the years after stroke when rehabilitation comes to an end, or about day- to- day life for this group. Aims: This study aimed to track the day- to- day life and experiences of people with severe aphasia, and to document levels of social inclusion and exclusion as they occurred in mundane settings. Methods and Procedures: Ethnography was chosen as the qualitative methodology most suitable for studying the experience of people with profoundly compromised language. 20 people who were judged to have severe aphasia following stroke agreed to be visited and observed three times in different domestic and care settings. The observer documented environments, protagonists, events, and interactions. Field notes were elaborated with personal, methodological, and interpretative notes. Written material ( for example information leaflets) was also documented and described. Data were subject to thematic analysis. Outcomes and Results: The study revealed how social exclusion is a common experience for this group, played out in a variety of ways in a range of domestic and care settings. Social exclusion occurs at infrastructural, interpersonal, and personal levels. Conclusions: The study suggests that the social exclusion of people who struggle to communicate could be addressed through training, for professional and lay carers, that promotes support for communication; opportunity and access; respect and acknowledgment; and attention to the environment. C1 Connect, Commun Disabil Network, London SE1 1HL, England. RP Parr, S (reprint author), Connect, Commun Disabil Network, 16-18 Marshalsea Rd, London SE1 1HL, England. CR *ACT DYSPH AD, 1998, OP HOL STON WALL REP ALLEN K, 2000, COMMUNICATION CONSUL Bates P, 2004, DISABIL SOC, V19, P195, DOI 10.1080/0968759042000204202 Clarke H., 2003, APHASIA INSIDE OUT, P80 Davies C, 1999, REFLEXIVE ETHNOGRAPH Department of Health, 2001, VAL PEOPL NEW STRAT Department of Health, 2005, NAT SERV FRAM LONG T Edgar I., 1998, ANTHR WELFARE Fyson R., 2004, MAKING VALUING PEOPL Hammersley M, 1995, ETHNOGRAPHY PRINCIPL Hersh D, 1998, APHASIOLOGY, V12, P207, DOI 10.1080/02687039808249447 Hewitt A., 2003, APHASIA INSIDE OUT, P51 Kagan A, 1998, APHASIOLOGY, V12, P816, DOI 10.1080/02687039808249575 Layder Derek, 1993, NEW STRATEGIES SOCIA LEDORZE G, 1995, APHASIOLOGY, V9, P239 Lyon J. G., 2000, NEUROGENIC COMMUNICA, P137 Parr S., 1997, TALKING APHASIA PARR S, 2003, APHASIA INSIDE OUT, P127 Parr S., 2004, LIVING SEVERE APHASI POUND C, 2000, APHASIA Pound C., 2004, DISABLING BARRIERS E, V2nd Ritchie J., 2003, QUALITATIVE RES PRAC Savage J, 2000, BRIT MED J, V321, P1400, DOI 10.1136/bmj.321.7273.1400 SIMMONSMACKIE N, 1997, APHASIOLOGY, V8, P761 Simmons-Mackie N., 2000, NEUROGENIC COMMUNICA, P162 Simmons-Mackie N, 1999, CONSTRUCTING (IN) COMPETENCE, P313 NR 26 TC 52 Z9 53 PU PSYCHOLOGY PRESS PI HOVE PA 27 CHURCH RD, HOVE BN3 2FA, EAST SUSSEX, ENGLAND SN 0268-7038 J9 APHASIOLOGY JI Aphasiology PD JAN PY 2007 VL 21 IS 1 BP 98 EP 123 DI 10.1080/02687030600798337 PG 26 WC Clinical Neurology SC Neurosciences & Neurology GA 131NX UT WOS:000243877200007 ER PT J AU Worrall, L Rose, T Howe, T McKenna, K Hickson, L AF Worrall, Linda Rose, Tanya Howe, Tami McKenna, Kryss Hickson, Louise TI Developing an evidence-base for accessibility for people with aphasia SO APHASIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID HEALTH-EDUCATION MATERIALS; STROKE PATIENTS; INFORMATION; COMPREHENSION; CARERS AB Background: Discrimination on the basis of disability is prohibited in many countries and therefore research on communication accessibility for people with aphasia has become a priority. Aims: The aim of this paper is to summarise and discuss the results of a series of research studies, carried out in one Centre, into accessibility issues for people with aphasia, focusing on the accessibility of community environments and the accessibility of information. Main Contribution: When asked about the accessibility of the community generally, people with aphasia reported both physical and societal barriers and facilitators, as well as barriers and facilitators related to other people. Many people with aphasia still do not receive written health information about aphasia and, when they do, the information is often written at a level too high for them to read. In terms of the accessibility of written information on websites about aphasia, high- quality websites may not be easily accessible to people with aphasia. For accessible websites to be delivered, the involvement of people with aphasia is paramount. Conclusions: There are three common themes emerging from this series of research studies. First, accessibility is an important and often emotive issue for people with aphasia. Second, people with aphasia are marginalised by a communicatively inaccessible society. Third, there is considerable diversity among people with aphasia about their perceptions of the barriers and facilitators to communication in the community. C1 Univ Queensland, Sch Hlth & Rehabil Sci, Commun Disabil Ageing Res Ctr, Brisbane, Qld 4072, Australia. RP Worrall, L (reprint author), Univ Queensland, Sch Hlth & Rehabil Sci, Commun Disabil Ageing Res Ctr, Brisbane, Qld 4072, Australia. EM l.worrall@uq.edu.au RI Hickson, Louise/F-8748-2010; Rose, Tanya/D-2580-2010; Worrall, Linda/D-2579-2010 OI Worrall, Linda/0000-0002-3283-7038 CR ALBERT T, 1992, BRIT MED J, V305, P1266 [Anonymous], 1999, OXFORD AM DICT CURRE Brennan AD, 2005, APHASIOLOGY, V19, P693, DOI 10.1080/02687030444000958 Byng S, 2002, J COMMUN DISORD, V35, P89, DOI 10.1016/S0021-9924(02)00059-X Doak CC, 1996, TEACHING PATIENTS LO Eames Sally, 2003, Top Stroke Rehabil, V10, P70 ESTEY A, 1991, PATIENT EDUC COUNS, V18, P165, DOI 10.1016/0738-3991(91)90008-S Flesch R, 1948, J APPL PSYCHOL, V32, P221, DOI 10.1037/h0057532 Ghidella CL, 2005, APHASIOLOGY, V19, P1134, DOI 10.1080/02687030500337871 Griffin Erin, 2004, Top Stroke Rehabil, V11, P29 Griffin J, 2006, AM J OCCUP THER, V60, P70 HANGER HC, 1993, STROKE, V24, P536 Hoffmann T, 2004, DISABIL REHABIL, V26, P1166, DOI 10.1080/09638280410001724816 HOWE T, 2006, ENV FACTORS INFLUENC Howe TJ, 2004, APHASIOLOGY, V18, P1015, DOI 10.1080/02687030444000499 JORDAN L, 1996, APHASIA SOCIAL APPRO Kertesz A., 1982, W APHASIA BATTERY KNIGHT K, IN PRESS TOPICS STRO Lock S, 2005, DISABIL SOC, V20, P33, DOI 10.1080/0968759042000283629 Lomer M, 1987, CLIN REHABIL, V1, P33, DOI 10.1177/026921558700100108 Olofsson A, 2005, CLIN REHABIL, V19, P433, DOI 10.1191/0269215505cr788oa OMahony PG, 1997, CLIN REHABIL, V11, P68, DOI 10.1177/026921559701100110 Parr S., 1997, TALKING APHASIA LIVI POUND P, 1994, CLIN REHABIL, V8, P7, DOI 10.1177/026921559400800102 Rodgers H, 2001, AGE AGEING, V30, P129, DOI 10.1093/ageing/30.2.129 ROSE T, 2006, WRITTEN HLTH INFORM Rose TA, 2003, APHASIOLOGY, V17, P947, DOI 10.1080/02687030344000319 Sackett D, 2000, EVIDENCE BASED MED P STEINFELD E, 1999, ENABLING ENV MEASURI, P11 Sullivan K, 2001, Top Stroke Rehabil, V7, P52 WELLWOOD I, 1994, AGE AGEING, V23, P293, DOI 10.1093/ageing/23.4.293 Wiles R, 1998, J ADV NURS, V28, P794, DOI 10.1046/j.1365-2648.1998.00709.x World Health Organisation, 2001, INT CLASS FUNCT DIS Worrall L, 2005, APHASIOLOGY, V19, P923, DOI 10.1080/02687030544000137 NR 34 TC 14 Z9 15 PU PSYCHOLOGY PRESS PI HOVE PA 27 CHURCH RD, HOVE BN3 2FA, EAST SUSSEX, ENGLAND SN 0268-7038 J9 APHASIOLOGY JI Aphasiology PD JAN PY 2007 VL 21 IS 1 BP 124 EP 136 DI 10.1080/02687030600798352 PG 13 WC Clinical Neurology SC Neurosciences & Neurology GA 131NX UT WOS:000243877200008 ER PT J AU Abel, S Willmes, K Huber, W AF Abel, Stefanie Willmes, Klaus Huber, Walter TI Model-oriented naming therapy: Testing predictions of a connectionist model SO APHASIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID INTERACTIVE ACTIVATION MODEL; WORD-RETRIEVAL; LEXICAL RETRIEVAL; COGNITIVE-NEUROPSYCHOLOGY; SEMANTIC IMPAIRMENT; CUEING TREATMENTS; SPEECH PRODUCTION; APHASIC PATIENTS; STROKE APHASIA; REHABILITATION AB Background: The two versions of the connectionist model of Dell and colleagues offer alternative explanations of aphasic naming disorders (Dell, Schwartz, Martin, Saffran, & Gagnon, 1997; Foygel & Dell, 2000). The semantic-phonological (SP) model hypothesises impairments in lexical-semantic or lexical-phonological connections, and the weight- decay (WD) model assumes global impairments in either connection weights or activation decay. In each version, a patient's error pattern in picture naming is simulated to assess the underlying disorder (connectionist "diagnosis''). A systematic comparison of both model versions in model-oriented naming therapy has not yet been performed. Moreover, if the normalisation of the error pattern during recovery is lesion-specific, as suggested in the SP model (Schwartz, Dell, Martin, Gahl, & Sobel, 2006), this should be observable in the patient data. Aims: Predictions were made and tested regarding the relation between (1) connectionist diagnosis and therapy outcome, and (2) connectionist diagnosis and error pattern development. For example, patients with phonological disorders in the SP model should (1) benefit more from phonological as compared to semantic therapy, and (2) present a decrease of nonwords in their naming responses. Methods & Procedures: The connectionist diagnosis and a 4- week therapy with cueing hierarchies (Howard, 2000; Wambaugh et al., 2001) were administered to 10 German-speaking aphasic patients with naming disorders. Six patients, who had been diagnosed by the SP model, received semantic and phonological therapy. The other four patients, diagnosed by the WD model, received increasing and vanishing therapy (Abel, Schultz, Radermacher, Willmes, & Huber, 2005). Outcomes & Results: Cueing therapy was generally effective for 9 of 10 patients. The trend of improvement was always found in the direction predicted by the connectionist diagnosis, except for two patients diagnosed by the SP model who presented a numerical trend in the opposite direction. Nevertheless, the SP model offered a more plausible explanation of lesion-specific therapy outcomes, and it properly predicted the error pattern development. Moreover, the errorless learning procedure applied in vanishing therapy was favourable for patients with phonological (SP model) or weight (WD model) lesions, and this may be attributed to their characteristic error types and an impairment of editorial processes. Conclusions: Models can be informative about the effectiveness of potential therapies and error pattern developments. Data from therapy studies can test competing models. C1 Univ Freiburg, Dept Neurol, Neuroctr, D-79106 Freiburg, Germany. Univ Aachen, Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, D-5100 Aachen, Germany. RP Abel, S (reprint author), Univ Freiburg, Dept Neurol, Neuroctr, Breisacherstr 64, D-79106 Freiburg, Germany. EM stefanie.abel@uniklinik-freiburg.de CR ABEL S, 2007, UNPUB CONNECTIONIST Abel S, 2005, APHASIOLOGY, V19, P831, DOI 10.1080/02687030500268902 Abel S, 2004, BRAIN LANG, V91, P152, DOI 10.1016/j.bandl.2004.06.079 ABEL S, 2001, LEXIKALISCHE STORUNG BADDELEY A, 1994, NEUROPSYCHOLOGIA, V32, P53, DOI 10.1016/0028-3932(94)90068-X Best W, 2002, APHASIOLOGY, V16, P151 Cicerone KD, 2000, ARCH PHYS MED REHAB, V81, P1596, DOI 10.1053/apmr.2000.19240 Coltheart M., 1994, COGNITIVE NEUROPSYCH Dell GS, 2004, COGN NEUROPSYCHOL, V21, P27, DOI 10.1080/02643290342000168 Dell GS, 2004, COGN NEUROPSYCHOL, V21, P125, DOI 10.1080/02643290342000320 DELL GS, 1986, PSYCHOL REV, V93, P283, DOI 10.1037//0033-295X.93.3.283 Dell GS, 1997, PSYCHOL REV, V104, P801, DOI 10.1037/0033-295X.104.4.801 Dijkstra T., 1996, COMPUTATIONAL PSYCHO, P3 Doesborgh SJC, 2004, STROKE, V35, P141, DOI 10.1161/01.STR.0000105460.52928.A6 Drew RL, 1999, J SPEECH LANG HEAR R, V42, P972 Fillingham JK, 2003, NEUROPSYCHOL REHABIL, V13, P337, DOI 10.1080/09602010343000020 Forde EME, 1997, COGNITIVE NEUROPSYCH, V14, P367 Foygel D, 2000, J MEM LANG, V43, P182, DOI 10.1006/jmla.2000.2716 Gagnon DA, 2002, CONNECTIONIST APPROACHES TO CLINICAL PROBLEMS IN SPEECH AND LAGUAGE, P147 GARDINER JM, 1973, MEM COGNITION, V1, P213 Genzel S., 1995, NEUROLINGUISTIK, V9, P41 GLISKY EL, 1992, NEUROPSYCHOLOGIA, V30, P899, DOI 10.1016/0028-3932(92)90034-J GREENWALD ML, 1995, COGNITIVE NEUROPSYCH, P17 Hanley JR, 2004, COGN NEUROPSYCHOL, V21, P147, DOI 10.1080/02643290342000339 Hickin J, 2002, APHASIOLOGY, V16, P981, DOI 10.1080/02687030244000509 Hillis A. E., 1994, COGNITIVE NEUROPSYCH, P449 HILLIS AE, 1993, APHASIOLOGY, V7, P5, DOI 10.1080/02687039308249497 Hinton Geoffrey E., 1993, SCI AM, V269, P58 HOWARD D, 1989, COGNITIVE APPROACHES, P39 Howard D., 2000, ACQUIRED NEUROGENIC HOWARD D, 1985, COGNITIVE NEUROPSYCH, V2, P49, DOI 10.1080/02643298508252861 HOWARD D, 1984, COGNITIVE NEUROPSYCH, V1, P163, DOI 10.1080/02643298408252021 Howard D., 1987, APHASIA THERAPY HIST HUBER W, 2000, LEHRBUCH KLINISCHEN, P462 Huber W., 1983, AACHENER APHASIE TES Huber W., 1993, APHASIA TREATMENT WO, P55 Jefferies E, 2005, BRAIN LANG, V95, P244, DOI 10.1016/j.bandl.2005.07.127 Jefferies E, 2006, BRAIN, V129, P2132, DOI 10.1093/brain/awl153 Jokel R, 2003, BRAIN LANG, V87, P44, DOI 10.1016/S0093-934X(03)00189-5 Jokel R, 2004, BRAIN COGNITION, V54, P251, DOI 10.1016/j.bandc.2004.02.033 Lesser R., 1989, COGNITIVE APPROACHES, P65 Levelt W. J., 1989, SPEAKING INTENTION A LI EC, 1987, J COMMUN DISORD, V20, P469, DOI 10.1016/0021-9924(87)90034-7 LI EC, 1989, APHASIOLOGY, V3, P619, DOI 10.1080/02687038908249028 Lowell S., 1995, AM J SPEECH-LANG PAT, V4, P109 Martin N, 2004, APHASIOLOGY, V18, P867, DOI 10.1080/02687030444000390 Martin N, 2000, APHASIOLOGY, V14, P53 MARTIN N, 2003, HDB ADULT LANGUAGE D, P375 Morton J, 1980, DEEP DYSLEXIA, P91 MOTTAGHY FM, 1998, THESIS RWTH AACHEN U Nettleton J., 1991, J NEUROLINGUIST, V6, P139, DOI 10.1016/0911-6044(91)90004-3 Nickels L, 2002, APHASIOLOGY, V16, P935, DOI 10.1080/02687030244000563 Nickels L, 1996, APHASIOLOGY, V10, P21, DOI 10.1080/02687039608248397 OLDFIELD RC, 1971, NEUROPSYCHOLOGIA, V9, P97, DOI 10.1016/0028-3932(71)90067-4 PEASE D M, 1978, Cortex, V14, P178 Plaut DC, 1996, BRAIN LANG, V52, P25, DOI 10.1006/brln.1996.0004 Ralph MAL, 2004, COGN NEUROPSYCHOL, V21, P31, DOI 10.1080/02643290342000177 RAPP B, 1993, COGNITIVE NEUROPSYCH, V10, P113, DOI 10.1080/02643299308253458 RAYMER AM, 2003, HDB ADULT LANGUAGE D, P163 RAYMER AM, 1993, APHASIOLOGY, V7, P27, DOI 10.1080/02687039308249498 RIDDOCH MJ, 1994, COGNITIVE NEUROPSYCH, P1 Riley GA, 2000, NEUROPSYCHOL REHABIL, V10, P133 Ruml W, 2000, J MEM LANG, V43, P217, DOI 10.1006/jmla.2000.2730 Ruml W, 2005, COGN NEUROPSYCHOL, V22, P131, DOI 10.1080/02643290442000031 Saito A, 2001, BRAIN LANG, V77, P1, DOI 10.1006/brln.2000.2388 SCHNITKER R, 2007, AACHENER MAT DIAGNOS Schwartz M. F., 2006, J MEM LANG, V54, P223 SCHWARTZ MF, 1994, BRAIN LANG, V47, P52, DOI 10.1006/brln.1994.1042 Schwartz MF, 2000, BRAIN LANG, V73, P62, DOI 10.1006/brln.2000.2310 Shallice T., 1988, NEUROPSYCHOLOGY MENT SHEWAN CM, 1994, LANGUAGE INTERVENTIO, P184 SNODGRASS JG, 1980, J EXP PSYCHOL-HUM L, V6, P174, DOI 10.1037/0278-7393.6.2.174 Wambaugh JL, 2001, APHASIOLOGY, V15, P933 Wambaugh JL, 2003, APHASIOLOGY, V17, P433, DOI 10.1080/02687030344000085 Wambaugh JL, 2000, BRAIN LANG, V74, P419 Welbourne SR, 2005, APHASIOLOGY, V19, P789, DOI 10.1080/02687030500268811 Whitworth A, 2005, COGNIITIVE NEUROPSYCHOLOGICAL APPROACH TO ASSESSMENT AND INTERVENTION IN APHASIA: A CLINICIANS GUIDE, P1 WILLMES K, 2000, LEHRBUCH KLIN NEUROP, P82 Wolery M., 1992, TEACHING STUDENTS MO Wright JF, 1997, BRAIN LANG, V59, P367, DOI 10.1006/brln.1997.1821 NR 80 TC 13 Z9 13 PU ROUTLEDGE JOURNALS, TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD PI ABINGDON PA 4 PARK SQUARE, MILTON PARK, ABINGDON OX14 4RN, OXFORDSHIRE, ENGLAND SN 0268-7038 EI 1464-5041 J9 APHASIOLOGY JI Aphasiology PY 2007 VL 21 IS 5 BP 411 EP 447 DI 10.1080/02687030701192687 PG 37 WC Clinical Neurology SC Neurosciences & Neurology GA 172VQ UT WOS:000246833000001 ER PT J AU Koenig-Bruhin, M Studer-Eichenberger, F AF Koenig-Bruhin, Monica Studer-Eichenberger, Felix TI Therapy of short-term memory disorders in fluent aphasia: A single case study SO APHASIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID LEXICAL ACCESS; DEEP DYSPHASIA; CONDUCTION APHASIA; WORKING-MEMORY; LANGUAGE; IMPAIRMENT; REPETITION; RETRIEVAL AB Background: Repetition conduction aphasia is defined as a phonological short-term memory (STM) deficit. The interactive activation model of verbal STM proposed by N. Martin and Saffran (1992) accounts for this deficit by an increased activation decay rate. Recently Majerus and van der Linden (2001) suggested that these short-term memory impairments could be improved by therapy. Aims: The purpose of our single case study was to investigate whether the temporary storage of verbal information could be improved by therapy in a patient with repetition conduction aphasia. Methods & Procedures: A patient suffering from a fluent aphasia was trained over 31 therapy sessions. In the therapy task he had to repeat sentences of four to seven words with an increasing delay between stimulus and response. The control task consisted of repeating sentences of four to six words without delay. Outcomes & Results: The treatment improved sentence repetition significantly. In addition, sentence length in oral production and spans for digits and bisyllabic words, i. e., measures for phonological STM, improved. Conclusions: Verbal STM performances were improved through therapy. It is argued that in the light of N. Martin and Saffran's theory, these improvements reflect a partially normalised activation decay, although the role of a probably very mild reduction of connection strength remains unclear. C1 Spitalzentrum Biel Logopadie, CH-2501 Biel, Switzerland. Univ Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany. RP Koenig-Bruhin, M (reprint author), Spitalzentrum Biel Logopadie, Postfach 1664, CH-2501 Biel, Switzerland. EM monica.koenig@szb-chb.ch CR Allport DA, 1984, ATTENTION PERFORMANC Blanken GDR, 1999, WORTPRODUKTIONSPRUFU DELL GS, 1992, COGNITION, V42, P287, DOI 10.1016/0010-0277(92)90046-K DELL GS, 1986, PSYCHOL REV, V93, P283, DOI 10.1037//0033-295X.93.3.283 Dell GS, 1997, PSYCHOL REV, V104, P801, DOI 10.1037/0033-295X.104.4.801 Foygel D, 2000, J MEM LANG, V43, P182, DOI 10.1006/jmla.2000.2716 Francis DR, 2003, APHASIOLOGY, V17, P723, DOI 10.1080/02687030344000201 HUBER W, 1983, AACHENER AP HASIE TE KOENIGBRUHIN M, 2003, APHASIE VERWANDTE GE, V17, P29 KOHN SE, 1984, BRAIN LANG, V23, P97, DOI 10.1016/0093-934X(84)90009-9 KOHN SE, 1990, BRIT J DISORD COMMUN, V25, P45 Majerus S, 2005, BRAIN LANG, V95, P174, DOI 10.1016/j.bandl.2005.07.094 MAJERUS S, 2001, ACTUALITES PATHOLOGI Martin N, 1996, BRAIN LANG, V52, P83, DOI 10.1006/brln.1996.0005 Martin N, 1997, COGNITIVE NEUROPSYCH, V14, P641 MARTIN N, 2001, LANGUAGE APHASIA HDB, P137 MARTIN N, 1992, BRAIN LANG, V43, P240, DOI 10.1016/0093-934X(92)90130-7 MARTIN N, 1994, BRAIN LANG, V47, P609, DOI 10.1006/brln.1994.1061 MARTIN RC, 1994, J MEM LANG, V33, P83, DOI 10.1006/jmla.1994.1005 Rummer R, 2001, J MEM LANG, V45, P451, DOI 10.1006/jmla.2000.2788 WARRINGT.EK, 1969, BRAIN, V92, P885, DOI 10.1093/brain/92.4.885 NR 21 TC 9 Z9 9 PU PSYCHOLOGY PRESS PI HOVE PA 27 CHURCH RD, HOVE BN3 2FA, EAST SUSSEX, ENGLAND SN 0268-7038 J9 APHASIOLOGY JI Aphasiology PY 2007 VL 21 IS 5 BP 448 EP 458 DI 10.1080/02687030600670593 PG 11 WC Clinical Neurology SC Neurosciences & Neurology GA 172VQ UT WOS:000246833000002 ER PT J AU van de Sandt-Koenderman, WME Wiegers, J Wielaert, SM Duivenvoorden, HJ Ribbers, GM AF van de Sandt-Koenderman, W. Mieke E. Wiegers, Jiska Wielaert, Sandra M. Duivenvoorden, Hugo J. Ribbers, Gerard M. TI High-tech AAC and severe aphasia: Candidacy for TouchSpeak (TS) SO APHASIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID ALTERNATIVE COMMUNICATION; VISUAL COMMUNICATION; EXECUTIVE FUNCTION; NATURAL-LANGUAGE; GLOBAL APHASIA; COMPUTER; THERAPY; PEOPLE; INDIVIDUALS; COGNITION AB Background: Increasingly, computerised communication aids are used by people with severe, chronic aphasia. Although the candidacy for these devices is relatively unknown, it has been hypothesised that cognitive deficits have a negative impact on the functional use of Augmentative and Alternative Communication (AAC). Deficits of executive functioning are assumed to be particularly important, but other functions, such as memory and semantic processing, may also be relevant. In a previous study (van de Sandt-Koenderman, Wiegers, Wielaert, Duivenvoorden, & Ribbers, in press) we reported the functional effect of TouchSpeak (TS), a computerised communication aid, in a group of stroke patients with severe aphasia. The successful participants showed different levels of proficiency. Some were able to use the system independently and creatively in many situations, some used it independently for trained situations, and others remained partner dependent in using TS. Conclusions: Only a minority of patients with severe aphasia may be expected to become independent, flexible users of high- tech AAC. The finding that functional success was related to semantic processing is clinically important. Prospective studies are needed to support the predictive value of semantic processing for high- tech AAC use. The importance of intact executive functioning is not supported in this study. The broad concept of "executive functioning'' needs to be studied in more detail in relation to aphasia. Aims: To find factors associated with the functional success of TS in people with severe aphasia, focusing on memory, executive functioning, semantic processing, and communication skills. Methods & Procedures: The data of 30 patients with severe aphasia were analysed retrospectively. All were trained to use TS in two self-chosen communicative situations. Four outcome levels were differentiated: no use, dependent use, independent use, and extensive use of TS. Pre-training assessment included memory, executive functioning, semantic processing, and communication skills. The four outcome groups were compared regarding age, time post onset, gender, and aphasia type. The role of the cognitive variables was analysed with univariate ANCOVAs with contrast analysis, with correction for age, gender, aphasia type, or time post onset in case of significant differences between the groups on these variables. Outcomes & Results: Seven participants were classified as extensive users of TS, five were independent TS users, and five were partner dependent. In 13 cases there was no functional use of TS. Extensive users were younger than the other outcome groups. Independent of this age effect, there was an effect of semantic processing; the no- use group scored significantly lower on semantics than all other groups. C1 Rijndam Rehabil Ctr, NL-3001 KD Rotterdam, Netherlands. Erasmus MC, Dept Rehabil Med, Rotterdam, Netherlands. Erasmus MC, Dept Med Psychol & Psychotherapy, NIHES, Rotterdam, Netherlands. RP van de Sandt-Koenderman, WME (reprint author), Rijndam Rehabil Ctr, Postbox 23181, NL-3001 KD Rotterdam, Netherlands. EM m.sandt@rijndam.nl CR Armstrong L, 2000, APHASIOLOGY, V14, P93 CHAPEY R, 2001, LANGUAGE INTERVENTIO, P397 De Renzi E, 1966, CORTEX, V2, P399 GARRETT KL, 1992, AUGMENTATIVE ALTERNA GOLDENBERG G, 1994, APHASIOLOGY, V8, P443, DOI 10.1080/02687039408248669 Goodglass H, 1983, ASSESSMENT APHASIA R, V2nd Helm-Estabrooks N, 2002, J COMMUN DISORD, V35, P171, DOI 10.1016/S0021-9924(02)00063-1 HELMESTABROOKS N, 2000, COGNITIVE LIENGUISTI Howard D., 1992, PYRAMIDS PALM TREES Hux K. D., 2001, LANGUAGE INTERVENTIO, P675 HUX KD, 1994, LANGUAGE INTERVENTIO Jacobs B, 2004, DISABIL REHABIL, V26, P1231, DOI 10.1080/09638280412331280244 Keil K, 2002, APHASIOLOGY, V16, P305, DOI 10.1080/02687030143000654 Koul R, 2005, BRAIN LANG, V92, P58, DOI 10.1016/j.bandl.2004.05.008 KRAAT AW, 1990, APHASIOLOGY, V4, P321, DOI 10.1080/02687039008249086 Lasker JP, 2005, APHASIOLOGY, V19, P399, DOI 10.1080/02687030444000840 Lasker JP, 2006, APHASIOLOGY, V20, P217, DOI 10.1080/02687030500473411 McCall D, 2000, APHASIOLOGY, V14, P795 Nicholas M, 2005, APHASIOLOGY, V19, P1052, DOI 10.1080/02687030544000245 Purdy M, 2006, APHASIOLOGY, V20, P337, DOI 10.1080/02687030500475085 Shelton JR, 1996, APHASIOLOGY, V10, P319, DOI 10.1080/02687039608248415 STEELE RD, 1989, NEUROPSYCHOLOGIA, V27, P409, DOI 10.1016/0028-3932(89)90048-1 Van de Sandt-Koenderman M, 2005, DISABIL REHABIL, V27, P529, DOI 10.1080/09638280400018635 van de Sandt-Koenderman M, 2004, APHASIOLOGY, V18, P245, DOI 10.1080/02687030344000571 VANDESANDTKOEND.M, DISABILITY REHABILIT VANMOURIK M, 1992, APHASIOLOGY, V6, P491, DOI 10.1080/02687039208249486 Visch-Brink E, 2005, SEMANTISCHE ASS TEST Visch-Brink EG, 2005, STEM SPRAAK TAALPATH, V13, P153 VischBrink EG, 1996, BRAIN LANG, V55, P130 Wallesch CW, 2004, APHASIOLOGY, V18, P223, DOI 10.1080/02687030444000039 Weigl E., 1927, Z PSYCHOL, V103, P2 WEINRICH M, 1995, APHASIOLOGY, V9, P343, DOI 10.1080/02687039508248209 Wilson B. A., 1985, RIVERMEAD BEHAV MEMO Worrall L., 1999, FUNCTIONAL COMMUNICA NR 34 TC 3 Z9 4 PU PSYCHOLOGY PRESS PI HOVE PA 27 CHURCH RD, HOVE BN3 2FA, EAST SUSSEX, ENGLAND SN 0268-7038 J9 APHASIOLOGY JI Aphasiology PY 2007 VL 21 IS 5 BP 459 EP 474 DI 10.1080/02687030601146023 PG 16 WC Clinical Neurology SC Neurosciences & Neurology GA 172VQ UT WOS:000246833000003 ER PT J AU Bartlett, MR Fink, RB Schwartz, MF Linebarger, M AF Bartlett, Megan R. Fink, Ruth B. Schwartz, Myrna F. Linebarger, Marcia TI Informativeness ratings of messages created on an AAC processing prosthesis SO APHASIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID APHASIC LANGUAGE PRODUCTION; DIRECT MAGNITUDE ESTIMATION; SOCIAL VALIDATION; AGRAMMATIC PRODUCTION; VALIDITY; SPEECH; IMPROVEMENT; EFFICIENCY; SEVERITY; SUPPORT AB Background: SentenceShaper (TM) (SSR) is a computer program that supports spoken language production in aphasia by recording and storing the fragments that the user speaks into the microphone, making them available for playback and allowing them to be combined and integrated into larger structures (i. e., sentences and narratives). A prior study that measured utterance length and grammatical complexity in story- plot narratives produced with and without the aid of SentenceShaper demonstrated an `` aided effect'' in some speakers with aphasia, meaning an advantage for the narratives that were produced with the support of this communication aid (Linebarger, Schwartz, Romania, Kohn, & Stephens, 2000). The present study deviated from Linebarger et al.' s methods in key respects and again showed aided effects of SentenceShaper in persons with aphasia. Aims: Aims were (1) to demonstrate aided effects in `` functional narratives'' conveying hypothetical real- life situations from a first person perspective; (2) for the first time, to submit aided and spontaneous speech samples to listener judgements of informativeness; and (3) to produce preliminary evidence on topic- specific carryover from SentenceShaper, i. e., carryover from an aided production to a subsequent unaided production on the same topic. Methods & Procedures: Five individuals with chronic aphasia created narratives on two topics, under three conditions: Unaided (U), Aided (SSR), and Post- SSR Unaided (Post- U). The 30 samples (5 participants, 2 topics, 3 conditions) were randomised and judged for informativeness by graduate students in speech- language pathology. The method for rating was Direct Magnitude Estimation (DME). C1 Albert Einstein Healthcare Network, Moss Rehabil Res Inst, Philadelphia, PA 19141 USA. Thomas Jefferson Univ, Philadelphia, PA 19107 USA. Psycholinguist Technol Inc, Jenkintown, PA USA. RP Fink, RB (reprint author), Albert Einstein Healthcare Network, Moss Rehabil Res Inst, Korman Bldg,Suite 213,1200 W Tabor Rd, Philadelphia, PA 19141 USA. EM fink@shrsys.hslc.org CR Ballard KJ, 1999, J SPEECH LANG HEAR R, V42, P690 BLOMERT L, 1994, APHASIOLOGY, V8, P381, DOI 10.1080/02687039408248666 BROOKSHIR ERH, 1994, AM J SPEECH-LANG PAT, V4, P118 Brown G., 1983, DISCOURSE ANAL CAMPBELL TF, 1992, TOP LANG DISORD, V12, P42 Clark H. H., 1996, USING LANGUAGE Doyle P. J., 1996, AM J SPEECH-LANG PAT, V5, P53, DOI 10.1044/1058-0360.0503.53 DOYLE PJ, 1987, J SPEECH HEAR DISORD, V52, P143 FRIED S, 2002, NEW RABBI Gordon JK, 2003, COGNITIVE SCI, V27, P1 Hickey EM, 2005, APHASIOLOGY, V19, P389, DOI 10.1080/02687030444000831 Jacobs BJ, 2001, BRAIN LANG, V78, P115, DOI 10.1006/brln.2001.2452 KAZDIN AE, 1977, BEHAV MODIF, V1, P427, DOI 10.1177/014544557714001 Kertesz A., 1982, W APHASIA BATTERY KOLK H, 1995, BRAIN LANG, V50, P282, DOI 10.1006/brln.1995.1049 KOLK HHJ, 1985, COGNITIVE NEUROPSYCH, V2, P347, DOI 10.1080/02643298508252666 Lapointe LL, 1999, APHASIOLOGY, V13, P787 Linebarger M, 2007, BRAIN LANG, V100, P53, DOI 10.1016/j.bandl.2006.09.001 LINEBARGER M, 2000, UNISYS CORPORATION S Linebarger MC, 2001, NEUROPSYCHOL REHABIL, V11, P57 Linebarger MC, 2005, APHASIOLOGY, V19, P930, DOI 10.1080/02687030544000146 Linebarger MC, 2002, BRAIN LANG, V83, P169 Linebarger MC, 2000, BRAIN LANG, V75, P416, DOI 10.1006/brln.2000.2378 Linebarger MC, 2004, COGN NEUROPSYCHOL, V21, P267, DOI 10.1080/02643290342000537 Martin RC, 2001, MEMORY, V9, P261 NICHOLAS LE, 1993, J SPEECH HEAR RES, V36, P338 Olness GS, 2005, APHASIOLOGY, V19, P251, DOI 10.1080/02687030444000723 Ross KB, 1999, APHASIOLOGY, V13, P113, DOI 10.1080/026870399402235 SAFFRAN EM, 1989, BRAIN LANG, V37, P440, DOI 10.1016/0093-934X(89)90030-8 SCHIAVETTI N, 1981, J SPEECH HEAR RES, V24, P441 SCHIAVETTI N, 1983, J SPEECH HEAR RES, V26, P568 Schnur TT, 2006, J MEM LANG, V54, P199, DOI 10.1016/j.jml.2005.10.002 SCHWARTZ MF, 2005, COMBINING ASSISTIVE Schwartz MF, 2002, COGN NEUROPSYCHOL, V19, P263, DOI 10.1080/02643290143000187 Stevens S. S., 1975, PSYCHOPHYSICS INTRO NR 35 TC 8 Z9 9 PU PSYCHOLOGY PRESS PI HOVE PA 27 CHURCH RD, HOVE BN3 2FA, EAST SUSSEX, ENGLAND SN 0268-7038 J9 APHASIOLOGY JI Aphasiology PY 2007 VL 21 IS 5 BP 475 EP 498 DI 10.1080/02687030601154167 PG 24 WC Clinical Neurology SC Neurosciences & Neurology GA 172VQ UT WOS:000246833000004 ER PT J AU Renvall, K Laine, M Martin, N AF Renvall, Kati Laine, Matti Martin, Nadine TI Treatment of anomia with contextual priming: Exploration of a modified procedure with additional semantic and phonological tasks SO APHASIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID WORD-FINDING DIFFICULTIES; NAMING DISORDERS; LEXICAL RETRIEVAL; SPEECH PRODUCTION; THERAPY; APHASIA; DEFICITS; ACCESS; ANEMIA; MODEL AB Background: We present an anomia treatment study using a modified contextual priming (CP) technique for two anomic participants. The reason for the modification attempt is that the most recent studies have indicated that the CP procedure is less effective in the case of impairment to lexical-semantic processes than in the case of phonological deficits (see Martin, Fink, & Laine, 2004a; Martin, Fink, Laine, & Ayala, 2004b; Renvall, Laine, & Martin, 2005). Aims: Our aim is to study the within-and post-treatment effects of a modified CP procedure and especially whether additional semantic tasks can increase benefits from the CP treatment. Methods & Procedures: The treatment was conducted for two participants with acquired anomia: LV has primarily a semantic component underlying her anomia, while JP suffers primarily from a phoneme-sequencing deficit. The CP procedure encompassed repeated cycles of spontaneous naming attempts and repetition of target names using arrays of multiple pictures where the targets were either semantically related or unrelated. Our modification was to add picture-to-word matching and phonological " rhyming syllable identification'' with the targets to the training sequence. The treatment was carried out in a single-subject multiple-baseline design consisting of several baseline measurements, treatment sessions along with within-treatment measurements, and a post-treatment measurement 1.5 months later. Outcomes & Results: Both participants showed short-term facilitation of naming target items in all treatment conditions. For LV, post-treatment improvement of naming was statistically significant in the semantic condition irrespective of additional task type, even though the improvement was strongest when the semantic condition was coupled with the additional semantic tasks. In the case of JP, post-treatment improvement was observed in the semantic condition coupled with additional semantic tasks, and in the unrelated condition with both semantic and phonological tasks. No strong evidence of generalisation to untreated items was observed for either of the participants. Conclusions: The modified CP procedure can provide longer-term improvement of naming target items than the CP training without additional tasks in the face of a lexical- semantic deficit. With lexical-semantic disturbance, the semantic context provided the best results. However, the nature of the additional tasks (semantic vs phonological) appeared to be less important for the treatment of target naming. C1 Univ Turku, Dept Logoped, FIN-20014 Turku, Finland. Abo Akad Univ, Turku, Finland. Temple Univ, Philadelphia, PA 19122 USA. RP Renvall, K (reprint author), Univ Turku, Dept Logoped, FIN-20014 Turku, Finland. EM kati.renvall@utu.fi CR Basso A, 2001, BRAIN LANG, V77, P45, DOI 10.1006/brln.2000.2422 Best W, 2002, APHASIOLOGY, V16, P151 Best W, 1997, NEUROPSYCHOL REHABIL, V7, P105 Bloom M., 1982, EVALUATING PRACTICE Cave CB, 1997, PSYCHOL SCI, V8, P322, DOI 10.1111/j.1467-9280.1997.tb00446.x Coelho CA, 2000, APHASIOLOGY, V14, P133 CROFTS B, 2004, P 26 WORLD C INT ASS Davis A., 1991, NEUROPSYCHOL REHABIL, V1, P135, DOI 10.1080/09602019108401387 DELL GS, 1992, COGNITION, V42, P287, DOI 10.1016/0010-0277(92)90046-K DELL GS, 1986, PSYCHOL REV, V93, P283, DOI 10.1037//0033-295X.93.3.283 Dell GS, 1997, PSYCHOL REV, V104, P801, DOI 10.1037/0033-295X.104.4.801 Eales C, 1998, APHASIOLOGY, V12, P913, DOI 10.1080/02687039808249459 Fink RB, 2002, APHASIOLOGY, V16, P1061, DOI 10.1080/02687030244000400 Foygel D, 2000, J MEM LANG, V43, P182, DOI 10.1006/jmla.2000.2716 Franklin S, 2002, APHASIOLOGY, V16, P1087, DOI 10.1080/02687030244000491 GREENWALD ML, 1995, NEUROPSYCHOL REHABIL, V5, P17, DOI 10.1080/09602019508520174 Hickin J, 2002, APHASIOLOGY, V16, P981, DOI 10.1080/02687030244000509 Hillis A. E., 1991, CLIN APHASIOLOGY, V19, P255 Hillis A. E., 1994, COGNITIVE NEUROPSYCH, P449 Hillis AE, 1998, J INT NEUROPSYCH SOC, V4, P648, DOI 10.1017/S135561779846613X HOWARD D, 1985, BRAIN, V108, P817 HOWARD D, 1985, COGNITIVE NEUROPSYCH, V2, P49, DOI 10.1080/02643298508252861 Howard D., 1987, APHASIA THERAPY HIST Howard D., 2000, ACQUIRED NEUROGENIC, P76 Kay J., 1992, PSYCHOLINGUISTIC ASS Kiran S, 2001, APHASIOLOGY, V15, P855, DOI 10.1080/02687040143000258 LAINE M, 1998, CATEGORY SPECIFIC OD LAINE M, 1998, CATEGORY SPECIFIC NA LAINE M, 1998, CATEGORY SPECIFIC WO Laine M., 1999, WORDMILL LEXICAL SEA Laine M., 1997, BOSTONIN NIMENTATEST Laine M, 1996, BRAIN LANG, V53, P283, DOI 10.1006/brln.1996.0050 Laine M., 1997, BOSTONIN DIAGNOSTINE LAINE M, 1992, CORTEX, V28, P537 MARSHALL J, 1990, APHASIOLOGY, V4, P167, DOI 10.1080/02687039008249068 Marshall RC, 2001, APHASIOLOGY, V15, P585, DOI 10.1080/02687040143000050 Martin N, 2004, APHASIOLOGY, V18, P867, DOI 10.1080/02687030444000390 Martin N, 2000, APHASIOLOGY, V14, P53 MARTIN N, 1994, BRAIN LANG, V47, P609, DOI 10.1006/brln.1994.1061 Martin N, 2004, APHASIOLOGY, V18, P457, DOI 10.1080/02687030444000129 Miceli G, 1996, BRAIN LANG, V52, P150, DOI 10.1006/brln.1996.0008 Nettleton J., 1991, J NEUROLINGUIST, V6, P139, DOI 10.1016/0911-6044(91)90004-3 Nickels L, 1996, APHASIOLOGY, V10, P109, DOI 10.1080/02687039608248401 Nickels L, 2002, APHASIOLOGY, V16, P935, DOI 10.1080/02687030244000563 Nickels L, 1996, APHASIOLOGY, V10, P21, DOI 10.1080/02687039608248397 NICKELS L, 1992, COGNITIVE NEUROPSYCH, V9, P155, DOI 10.1080/02643299208252057 PORTIN R, 1980, PARKINSONS DIS CURRE, P271 Pulliainen V, 1999, CERAD KOGNITIIVINEN RAPP B, 1993, COGNITIVE NEUROPSYCH, V10, P113, DOI 10.1080/02643299308253458 RAYMER AM, 1993, APHASIOLOGY, V7, P27, DOI 10.1080/02687039308249498 Renvall K, 2003, APHASIOLOGY, V17, P305, DOI 10.1080/02687030244000671 Renvall K, 2005, BRAIN LANG, V95, P327, DOI 10.1016/j.bandl.2005.02.003 Sbisa S, 2001, BRAIN LANG, V79, P46 SUGISHITA M, 1993, NEUROPSYCHOLOGIA, V31, P559, DOI 10.1016/0028-3932(93)90052-2 Wambaugh JL, 2001, APHASIOLOGY, V15, P933 Warrington EK, 1996, BRAIN, V119, P611, DOI 10.1093/brain/119.2.611 WELSH KA, 1994, NEUROLOGY, V44, P609 NR 57 TC 10 Z9 11 PU PSYCHOLOGY PRESS PI HOVE PA 27 CHURCH RD, HOVE BN3 2FA, EAST SUSSEX, ENGLAND SN 0268-7038 J9 APHASIOLOGY JI Aphasiology PY 2007 VL 21 IS 5 BP 499 EP 527 DI 10.1080/02687030701254248 PG 29 WC Clinical Neurology SC Neurosciences & Neurology GA 172VQ UT WOS:000246833000005 ER PT J AU Hough, MS Givens, GD Cranford, JL Downs, RC AF Hough, Monica Strauss Givens, Gregg D. Cranford, Jerry L. Downs, Renee C. TI Behavioural and electrophysiological measures of auditory attention in right hemisphere brain damage SO APHASIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID TEMPORAL-PARIETAL LESIONS; SPEECH-DISCRIMINATION; EVOKED-POTENTIALS; SPATIAL DEFICITS; APHASIC PATIENTS; AGE-DIFFERENCES; LISTENING TASK; VERBAL STIMULI; NEGLECT; PERCEPTION AB Background: The right hemisphere (RH) has been found to play a major role in attention. However, most research has focused on the RH's role in visual attention associated with arousal, orienting, vigilance, and sustained and selective attention, and especially on the subsequent visuospatial deficits observed after RH brain damage. The RH's contribution to auditory attention and processing as well as the auditory abilities of the RH after brain damage has been explored to a lesser degree. Investigations using psychoacoustics and electrophysiology to examine the auditory processing abilities of non-brain-damaged and aphasic adults have been numerous and have revealed the influence of several variables on their findings including age, lesion site, lesion size, type of stimuli, etc. Investigations using these approaches to examine the auditory attention abilities of individuals with RH brain damage have been minimal. Furthermore, it is unclear whether both testing methods are examining similar components of auditory attention. Aims: The purpose of this investigation was to determine if electrophysiological testing provided additional information not available from behavioural central auditory processing evaluation for three patients with RH brain damage as the result of a stroke. Another purpose was to investigate whether electrophysiological findings were consistent with those obtained from the behavioural evaluation. Methods & Procedures: Participants were three males, aged 69, 71, and 78, all having suffered right hemisphere cerebro-vascular accidents, resulting in mild cognitive-communicative impairments. Experimental testing included: speech-language evaluation through administration of the Western Aphasia Battery and the Token Test; hearing evaluation using routine pure tone audiometry, speech audiometry, and middle ear measurements; behavioural CAP assessment using the auditory attention measures of Pitch Pattern Sequence and Dichotic Digits; and electrophysiological testing, consisting of evaluation of late auditory evoked potentials (N100, P200, P300) with and without distraction using an oddball paradigm. Outcomes & Results: All three participants showed a consistent right ear advantage, with abnormal scores for the left ear on the behavioural central auditory attention tests. Electrophysiological testing revealed greater amplitudes for the right ear than the left ear for all three late auditory evoked potentials for the three participants. Furthermore, when auditory competition was introduced, the expected decrease in amplitude was observed for all three late auditory evoked potentials only for the right ear; all three participants exhibited this pattern. Conclusions: Thus, the electrophysiological findings were congruent with the behavioural central auditory processing results for the three participants, revealing a consistent right ear advantage for auditory attention. Based on these findings, it is evident that the direct relationship between behavioural central auditory attention skills and electrophysiology requires further investigation with other patients with right hemisphere brain damage. C1 E Carolina Univ, Dept Commun Sci & Disorders, Greenville, NC 27858 USA. Louisiana State Univ, Med Ctr, New Orleans, LA USA. Driscoll Childrens Hosp, Hartford, CT USA. RP Hough, MS (reprint author), E Carolina Univ, Dept Commun Sci & Disorders, Greenville, NC 27858 USA. EM houghm@Mail.ecu.edu CR Alden JD, 1997, NEUROPSY NEUROPSY BE, V10, P239 *ASHA, 1995, CENTR AUD PROC CURR BACKS RW, 1987, CURRENT TRENDS EVENT, V40, P163 BERLIN CI, 1972, ARCH OTOLARYNGOL, V96, P440 BISIACH E, 1984, BRAIN, V107, P37, DOI 10.1093/brain/107.1.37 BOUMA A, 1988, J CLIN EXP NEUROPSYC, V10, P709, DOI 10.1080/01688638808402809 BROUGHTON R, 1988, SLEEP, V88, P6 BROWN WS, 1983, ELECTROEN CLIN NEURO, V55, P277, DOI 10.1016/0013-4694(83)90205-5 Bryden M. P., 1982, LATERALITY FUNCTIONA Bryden M. P., 1988, HDB DICHOTIC LISTENI, P1 BUTCHER J, 1983, DISS ABSTR INT BUTCHNER J, 1994, PRINCIPLES APPL AUDI, P219 Carpenter M, 2002, J CLIN NEUROPHYSIOL, V19, P55, DOI 10.1097/00004691-200201000-00007 CLARK LE, 1973, J GERONTOL, V28, P173 DERENZI E, 1978, CORTEX, V14, P41 DERENZI E, 1989, J NEUROL NEUROSUR PS, V52, P613, DOI 10.1136/jnnp.52.5.613 Fisher A L, 2000, J Am Acad Audiol, V11, P36 GOODIN DS, 1978, ELECTROEN CLIN NEURO, V44, P447, DOI 10.1016/0013-4694(78)90029-9 HAGOORT P, 1996, BRAIN, V119, P629 Hall J, 1992, HDB AUDITORY EVOKED HEILMAN KM, 1972, ARCH NEUROL-CHICAGO, V26, P32 Heilman KM, 1985, CLIN NEUROPSYCHOLOGY, P243 HEILMAN KM, 1984, SEMIN NEUROL, V4, P209, DOI 10.1055/s-2008-1041551 Hiscock M, 1999, J CLIN EXP NEUROPSYC, V21, P265 Hiscock M, 1999, NEUROPSYCHOLOGY, V13, P404, DOI 10.1037/0894-4105.13.3.404 Hough MS, 2003, APHASIOLOGY, V17, P159, DOI 10.1080/02687030244000581 HYDE ML, 1994, PRINCIPLES APPL AUDI, P179 Hymel M R, 1998, J Am Acad Audiol, V9, P385 JACOBSON JT, 1994, PRINCIPLES APPL AUDI, P3 JERGER J, 1995, EAR HEARING, V16, P482, DOI 10.1097/00003446-199510000-00005 Kertesz A., 1982, W APHASIA BATTERY KIMURA D, 1961, CAN J PSYCHOLOGY, V15, P166, DOI 10.1037/h0083219 KNIGHT RT, 1989, BRAIN RES, V502, P109, DOI 10.1016/0006-8993(89)90466-6 KNIGHT RT, 1980, ELECTROEN CLIN NEURO, V50, P112, DOI 10.1016/0013-4694(80)90328-4 KRAUS N, 1995, EAR HEARING, V16, P19, DOI 10.1097/00003446-199502000-00003 MAZZUCCHI A, 1978, CORTEX, V14, P381 MESULAM MM, 1981, ANN NEUROL, V10, P309, DOI 10.1002/ana.410100402 MOLFESE DL, 1980, BRAIN LANG, V11, P285, DOI 10.1016/0093-934X(80)90129-7 MUSIEK FE, 1987, AUDIOLOGY, V26, P79 Musiek F E, 1992, J Am Acad Audiol, V3, P5 MUSIEK FE, 1983, EAR HEARING, V4, P79, DOI 10.1097/00003446-198303000-00002 Musiek F E, 1994, J Am Acad Audiol, V5, P265 Myers P. S., 1999, RIGHT HEMISPHERE DAM NICCUM N, 1986, BRAIN LANG, V28, P289, DOI 10.1016/0093-934X(86)90106-9 OSCARBERMAN M, 1975, BRAIN LANG, V2, P345, DOI 10.1016/S0093-934X(75)80075-7 PINBEIRO ML, 1985, ASSESSMENT CENTRAL A PINEK B, 1989, CORTEX, V25, P175 POLICH J, 1987, ELECTROEN CLIN NEURO, V68, P311, DOI 10.1016/0168-5597(87)90052-9 POLICH J, 1989, J CLIN NEUROPHYSIOL, V6, P277, DOI 10.1097/00004691-198907000-00003 POLLOCK VE, 1992, J GERONTOL, V47, P88 POLLOCK VE, 1989, INT J NEUROSCI, V45, P127, DOI 10.3109/00207458908986225 POSNER MI, 1984, J NEUROSCI, V4, P1863 POSNER MI, 1990, ANNU REV NEUROSCI, V13, P25, DOI 10.1146/annurev.neuro.13.1.25 ROBERTSON I, 1989, NEUROPSYCHOLOGIA, V27, P157, DOI 10.1016/0028-3932(89)90168-1 ROTHENBERG A, 1982, ARCH PSYCHIAT NERVEN, V231, P155, DOI 10.1007/BF00343837 RUFF RM, 1981, NEUROPSYCHOLOGIA, V19, P435, DOI 10.1016/0028-3932(81)90073-7 SHANKS J, 1976, CORTEX, V12, P100 SIDTIS JJ, 1988, BRAIN LANG, V34, P235, DOI 10.1016/0093-934X(88)90135-6 Sparks R, 1970, Cortex, V6, P249 WOODS DL, 1993, COGNITIVE BRAIN RES, V1, P227, DOI 10.1016/0926-6410(93)90007-R YAMAGUCHI S, 1992, ELECTROEN CLIN NEURO, V84, P139, DOI 10.1016/0168-5597(92)90018-7 ZURIF EB, 1972, NEUROPSYCHOLOGIA, V10, P103, DOI 10.1016/0028-3932(72)90047-4 NR 62 TC 3 Z9 3 PU PSYCHOLOGY PRESS PI HOVE PA 27 CHURCH RD, HOVE BN3 2FA, EAST SUSSEX, ENGLAND SN 0268-7038 J9 APHASIOLOGY JI Aphasiology PY 2007 VL 21 IS 9 BP 831 EP 843 DI 10.1080/02687030600647757 PG 13 WC Clinical Neurology SC Neurosciences & Neurology GA 218HV UT WOS:000250007500001 ER PT J AU Kiran, S Ntourou, K Eubank, M AF Kiran, Swathi Ntourou, Katerina Eubank, Megan TI The effect of typicality on online category verification of inanimate category exemplars in aphasia SO APHASIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID SEMANTIC MEMORY; DISTRIBUTED ACCOUNT; NATURAL CATEGORIES; DOMAIN DIFFERENCES; REPRESENTATIONS; NORMS; WORD; PROTOTYPICALITY; DISTINCTIVENESS; FAMILIARITY AB Background: A previous study (Kiran & Thompson, 2003a) investigated the effect of typicality on online category verification of animate categories in patients with fluent or nonfluent aphasia and their normal controls. Results revealed a robust effect of typicality: typical examples were faster and more accurate than atypical examples of animate categories. Patients with fluent aphasia did not demonstrate the expected effects of typicality. Aims: The aim of the present study was to extend this work to examine the effect of typicality on inanimate categories such as furniture, clothing, and weapons. Methods & Procedures: Normal young, older, and aphasic individuals participated in an online category verification task where primes were superordinate category labels whereas targets were either typical or atypical examples of inanimate categories (e. g., clothing, furniture, weapons) or nonmembers belonging to animate categories. Aphasic participants were divided into two groups, semantic impairment group (SI) and no semantic impairment group (NSI), based on their performance on offline standardised semantic processing tests. The reaction time to judge whether the target belonged to the preceding category label was measured. Outcomes & Results: Results indicated that all four groups were significantly faster and more accurate on typical examples compared to atypical examples. Further, differences emerged in the processing of categories, wherein responses to clothing were more accurate than responses to furniture or weapons. In the SI group, representation of typical examples and atypical examples were impaired, as evidenced by poor accuracy rates. Conclusions: The present experiment demonstrated the typicality effect in normal individuals and in individuals with aphasia. Further, differences emerged in the processing of categories, where responses to clothing were more accurate than responses to furniture or weapons. C1 Univ Texas, Dept Commun Sci & Disorders, Austin, TX 78712 USA. RP Kiran, S (reprint author), Univ Texas, Dept Commun Sci & Disorders, CMA 7-206, Austin, TX 78712 USA. EM s-kiran@mail.utexas.edu RI Kiran, S/B-1892-2013 CR ASHCRAFT MH, 1978, MEM COGNITION, V6, P227, DOI 10.3758/BF03197450 BARR RA, 1987, MEM COGNITION, V15, P397, DOI 10.3758/BF03197730 BARTON ME, 1989, J PSYCHOLINGUIST RES, V18, P433, DOI 10.1007/BF01067309 BASSO A, 1985, BRAIN LANG, V26, P201, DOI 10.1016/0093-934X(85)90039-2 Bruner J. S., 1956, STUDY THINKING Cabeza R, 2000, J COGNITIVE NEUROSCI, V12, P1, DOI 10.1162/08989290051137585 Cao Y, 1999, STROKE, V30, P2331 CASEY PJ, 1992, J EXP PSYCHOL LEARN, V18, P823, DOI 10.1037//0278-7393.18.4.823 Cole-Virtue J, 2004, APHASIOLOGY, V18, P77, DOI 10.1080/02687030344000346 COLLINS AM, 1975, PSYCHOL REV, V82, P407, DOI 10.1037//0033-295X.82.6.407 Del Toro JF, 2000, APHASIOLOGY, V14, P925 Devlin JT, 2002, NEUROPSYCHOLOGIA, V40, P54, DOI 10.1016/S0028-3932(01)00066-5 Diesendruck G, 1999, PSYCHON B REV, V6, P338, DOI 10.3758/BF03212339 Estes Z, 2003, MEM COGNITION, V31, P199, DOI 10.3758/BF03194379 Frances N., 1982, FREQUENCY ANAL ENGLI Garrard P, 2001, COGNITIVE NEUROPSYCH, V18, P125, DOI 10.1080/02643290125857 Gennari S, 2003, COGNITION, V89, pB27, DOI 10.1016/S0010-0277(03)00069-6 GROBER E, 1980, BRAIN LANG, V10, P318, DOI 10.1016/0093-934X(80)90059-0 GROSSMAN M, 1981, BRAIN LANG, V12, P313, DOI 10.1016/0093-934X(81)90022-5 HAMPTON JA, 1995, J MEM LANG, V34, P686, DOI 10.1006/jmla.1995.1031 Hampton J., 1993, CATEGORIES CONCEPTS HAMPTON JA, 1979, J VERB LEARN VERB BE, V18, P441, DOI 10.1016/S0022-5371(79)90246-9 Heiss WD, 1999, ANN NEUROL, V45, P430, DOI 10.1002/1531-8249(199904)45:4<430::AID-ANA3>3.0.CO;2-P HOUGH MS, 1993, APHASIOLOGY, V7, P335, DOI 10.1080/02687039308249515 JOHNSON MK, 1995, NEUROPSYCHOLOGY, V9, P529 Kaplan E., 2001, BOSTON NAMING TEST Kay J., 1992, PSYCHOLINGUISTIC ASS Keil F. C., 1989, CONCEPTS KINDS COGNI Kertesz A., 1982, W APHASIA BATTERY Kiran S, 2003, J SPEECH LANG HEAR R, V46, P773, DOI 10.1044/1092-4388(2003/061) KIRAN S, 2002, DISS ABSTR INT B, V62, P5076 KIRAN S, 2006, UNPUB EFFECT TYPICAL Kiran S, 2003, BRAIN LANG, V85, P441, DOI 10.1016/S0093-934X(03)00064-6 KIRAN S, IN PRESS AM J SPEECH LAROCHELLE S, 1994, J MEM LANG, V33, P796, DOI 10.1006/jmla.1994.1038 Laws KR, 1999, NEUROPSYCHOLOGIA, V37, P1263, DOI 10.1016/S0028-3932(99)00018-4 MALT BC, 1982, MEM COGNITION, V10, P69, DOI 10.3758/BF03197627 MCCLOSKEY M, 1980, J VERB LEARN VERB BE, V19, P485, DOI 10.1016/S0022-5371(80)90330-8 MCCLOSKEY ME, 1978, MEM COGNITION, V6, P462, DOI 10.3758/BF03197480 McRae K, 1997, J EXP PSYCHOL GEN, V126, P99, DOI 10.1037/0096-3445.126.2.99 MERVIS CB, 1976, B PSYCHONOMIC SOC, V7, P283 MILBERG W, 1987, BRAIN LANG, V31, P138, DOI 10.1016/0093-934X(87)90065-4 POSNER MI, 1968, J EXP PSYCHOL, V77, P353, DOI 10.1037/h0025953 RIPS LJ, 1973, J VERB LEARN VERB BE, V12, P1, DOI 10.1016/S0022-5371(73)80056-8 ROSCH E, 1975, COGNITIVE PSYCHOL, V7, P573, DOI 10.1016/0010-0285(75)90024-9 Rosch E., 1973, COGNITIVE DEV ACQUIS ROSCH E, 1975, J EXP PSYCHOL GEN, V104, P192, DOI 10.1037//0096-3445.104.3.192 SMITH EE, 1974, PSYCHOL REV, V81, P214, DOI 10.1037/h0036351 Thompson-Schill SL, 2003, NEUROPSYCHOLOGIA, V41, P280, DOI 10.1016/S0028-3932(02)00161-6 Tyler LK, 1996, BRAIN LANG, V55, P89 Tyler LK, 2001, TRENDS COGN SCI, V5, P244, DOI 10.1016/S1364-6613(00)01651-X Tyler LK, 2000, BRAIN LANG, V75, P195, DOI 10.1006/brln.2000.2353 UYEDA KM, 1980, BEHAV RES METH INSTR, V12, P587, DOI 10.3758/BF03201848 Vanoverberghe V, 2003, EUR J COGN PSYCHOL, V15, P1, DOI 10.1080/09541440244000094 WILSON D, 1988, MRC PSYCHOLINGUISTIC NR 55 TC 8 Z9 8 PU PSYCHOLOGY PRESS PI HOVE PA 27 CHURCH RD, HOVE BN3 2FA, EAST SUSSEX, ENGLAND SN 0268-7038 J9 APHASIOLOGY JI Aphasiology PY 2007 VL 21 IS 9 BP 844 EP 866 DI 10.1080/02687030600743564 PG 23 WC Clinical Neurology SC Neurosciences & Neurology GA 218HV UT WOS:000250007500002 ER PT J AU Yasuda, K Nemoto, T Takenaka, K Mitachi, M Kuwabara, K AF Yasuda, Kiyoshi Nemoto, Tatsuya Takenaka, Keisuke Mitachi, Mami Kuwabara, Kazuhiro TI Effectiveness of a vocabulary data file, encyclopaedia, and Internet homepages in a conversation-support system for people with moderate-to-severe aphasia SO APHASIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID GLOBAL APHASIA; COMMUNICATION; ADULTS; PARTNERS; NAMES; COMPREHENSION; RESOURCES; RECOVERY; LANGUAGE; PATTERNS AB Background: In order to facilitate conversation for people with moderate-to-severe aphasia, a conversation-support system has been developed. This system consists of three electronic resources: a vocabulary data file, an encyclopaedia, and homepages on the Internet. The vocabulary data file we created contains approximately 50,000 words, mostly consisting of various proper names, which are classified into 10 categories. These words function as keywords in conversation. Aims: To evaluate the effectiveness of the three resources in eliciting new information from people with aphasia. Methods & Procedures: Fifteen people with non-fluent and moderate-to-severe aphasia participated in the experiment. Participants conversed with their communication partners about four topics under use and non-use conditions. Under the use condition, partners showed pages from one of the three resources on the screen of a personal computer. Participants were asked to select words on the pages, or use other modalities (verbal or nonverbal), to answer questions. Three evaluators gave points for information conveyed correctly. Outcomes & Results: Comparison of the points between the use and non-use conditions showed that significantly more information was conveyed when the vocabulary data file was used. On the other hand, the amount of points did not increase in the use condition using the encyclopaedia or homepages. Conclusions: The vocabulary date file succeeded in eliciting more information from people with moderate-to-severe aphasia within a limited timeframe. Presentation of the keyword or proper name lists related to the topics was shown to be a useful conversation resource for people with moderate-to-severe aphasia. As for the encyclopaedia and homepages, further research is required to determine whether or not these resources in collaboration with the data file can further facilitate conversation. C1 Chiba Rosai Hosp, Chiba 2900003, Japan. ATR, Intelligent Robot & Commun Labs, Kyoto, Japan. Kameda Gen Hosp, Kamogawashi, Japan. Abiko City Welf Ctr Handicapped, Abiko, Chiba, Japan. Educ Facilitat Off, Tokyo, Japan. RP Yasuda, K (reprint author), Chiba Rosai Hosp, 2-16 Tatsumidai Higashi, Chiba 2900003, Japan. EM fwkk5911@mb.infoweb.ne.jp CR Aftonomos LB, 1997, ARCH PHYS MED REHAB, V78, P841, DOI 10.1016/S0003-9993(97)90197-0 Davidson B, 2003, APHASIOLOGY, V17, P243, DOI 10.1080/02687030244000653 Davis G., 1981, LANGUAGE INTERVENTIO, P169 Elman RJ, 2001, APHASIOLOGY, V15, P895, DOI 10.1080/02687040143000267 Finnema E, 2000, INT J GERIATR PSYCH, V15, P141, DOI 10.1002/(SICI)1099-1166(200002)15:2<141::AID-GPS92>3.0.CO;2-5 Fox LE, 2001, APHASIOLOGY, V15, P171, DOI 10.1080/02687040042000133 Garrett KL, 1995, CLIN APHASIOL, V23, P237 HASEGAWA T, 1977, STANDARDIZED LANGUAG HATTA T, 1977, NEUROPSYCHOLOGIA, V42, P111 Holland A. L., 1991, J NEUROLINGUIST, V6, P197, DOI 10.1016/0911-6044(91)90007-6 Holland AL, 1998, APHASIOLOGY, V12, P844, DOI 10.1080/02687039808249578 Kagan A, 1998, APHASIOLOGY, V12, P851, DOI 10.1080/02687039808249580 Kagan A, 1998, APHASIOLOGY, V12, P816, DOI 10.1080/02687039808249575 KERTESZ A, 1986, W APHASIA BATTERY KRAAT AW, 1990, APHASIOLOGY, V4, P321, DOI 10.1080/02687039008249086 Lyon JG, 1997, APHASIOLOGY, V11, P693, DOI 10.1080/02687039708249416 McCall D, 2000, APHASIOLOGY, V14, P795 *MICR, 2000, ENCARTA ENCY WORLD A Oelschlaeger ML, 2000, J COMMUN DISORD, V33, P205, DOI 10.1016/S0021-9924(00)00019-8 Rayner H, 2003, INT J LANG COMM DIS, V38, P149, DOI 10.1080/1368282021000060308 Rostron A, 1996, EUR J DISORDER COMM, V31, P11 Sasanuma S, 1971, Cortex, V7, P1 Schlosser R. W., 2003, AUGMENTATIVE ALTERNA, V19, P5, DOI 10.1080/0743461032000056450 Simmons-Mackie N, 1998, APHASIOLOGY, V12, P831, DOI 10.1080/02687039808249576 Singh S, 2000, APHASIOLOGY, V14, P157, DOI 10.1080/026870300401531 Sugishita M., 1993, JAPANESE RAVENS COLO VANLANCKER D, 1990, BRAIN LANG, V39, P511, DOI 10.1016/0093-934X(90)90159-E Waller A, 1998, INT J LANG COMM DIS, V33, P45 WAPNER W, 1979, J SPEECH HEAR RES, V22, P765 WARRINGTON EK, 1987, BRAIN, V110, P1273, DOI 10.1093/brain/110.5.1273 Yasuda K, 1998, BRAIN LANG, V61, P274, DOI 10.1006/brln.1997.1856 Yasuda K, 1997, CORTEX, V33, P623, DOI 10.1016/S0010-9452(08)70721-4 YASUDA K, 2001, HIGHER BRAIN FUNCTIO, V21 YASUDA K, 1998, HIGHER BRAIN FUNCTIO, V18 Yasuda K, 2000, APHASIOLOGY, V14, P1067, DOI 10.1080/02687030050174638 NR 35 TC 9 Z9 9 PU PSYCHOLOGY PRESS PI HOVE PA 27 CHURCH RD, HOVE BN3 2FA, EAST SUSSEX, ENGLAND SN 0268-7038 J9 APHASIOLOGY JI Aphasiology PY 2007 VL 21 IS 9 BP 867 EP 882 DI 10.1080/02687030600783024 PG 16 WC Clinical Neurology SC Neurosciences & Neurology GA 218HV UT WOS:000250007500003 ER PT J AU Heuer, S Hallowell, B AF Heuer, Sabine Hallowell, Brooke TI An evaluation of multiple-choice test images for comprehension assessment in aphasia SO APHASIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID EYE-MOVEMENTS; CHILDREN; SEARCH; ADULTS AB Background: Using images in multiple-choice formats for comprehension testing in aphasia is common. It is generally assumed that persons being assessed perceive the content of the images represented in such tasks. However, specific visual characteristics of individual images may influence visual attention, which may influence accuracy in the selection of a correct target image corresponding to a verbal stimulus. The validity of test responses may be confounded by (1) physical stimulus features, such as size, and (2) semantic content conveyed by images, such as image familiarity. Aims: The first aim was to develop a rating instrument to assess visual stimulus properties and semantic content conveyance in multiple-choice images, based on an extensive review of empirical literature and validated by experts in graphic design. The second aim was to study the degree of relationship between viewers' subjective ratings of images selected from published aphasia batteries, using the rating instrument, and eye movement measures recorded as independent viewers looked at the same images. The third aim was to compare the viewers' actual eye movement indices of disproportionate visual attention to an ideal value of evenly proportionate visual attention for each image set. Methods & Procedures: A rating instrument, based on an extensive review of literature and assessed and revised by graphic design and eye-tracking experts, was developed to identify such influences within multiple-choice images and was assessed through empirical testing of viewers' eye movement patterns as they looked at images from published aphasia tests. A total of 20 adults rated 20 image sets from five aphasia batteries. Eye movements were recorded for a separate group of 40 adults viewing the same images. Outcomes & Results: Ratings were not statistically correlated with eye movement responses. All multiple-choice image sets prompted significantly disproportionate visual attention. Conclusions: Results highlight the importance of: (1) considering the possible influence of visual stimulus confounds on any given patient's test performance, and (2) better controlled image design for multiple-choice test images to improve the validity of assessment. Further research is needed to improve subjective and objective means of assessment of images and guidelines for improved design of multiple-choice image displays. C1 Ohio Univ, Sch Hearing Speech & Language Sci, Grover Ctr, Athens, OH 45701 USA. RP Heuer, S (reprint author), Ohio Univ, Sch Hearing Speech & Language Sci, Grover Ctr, W218, Athens, OH 45701 USA. EM sh167702@ohio.edu CR Andrews TJ, 1999, VISION RES, V39, P2947, DOI 10.1016/S0042-6989(99)00019-X BARBUR JL, 1980, VISUAL SEARCH BEIDERMAN I, 1995, VIS COGN, P121 BOYCE SJ, 1992, EYE MOVEMENTS VISUAL BOZKOV V, 1982, VISION RES, V22, P721, DOI 10.1016/0042-6989(82)90002-5 DEFFNER G, 1995, STUD VIS INFORM PROC, V6, P479 DENES G, 1982, BRAIN, V105, P542 Edman JA, 1987, CLIN REHABIL, V1, P273, DOI 10.1177/026921558700100403 Flanagan JL, 1997, J COMMUN DISORD, V30, P33, DOI 10.1016/S0021-9924(96)00039-1 Goodglass H, 2001, BOSTON DIAGNOSTIC AP, V3rd Greene HH, 2001, VISION RES, V41, P3763, DOI 10.1016/S0042-6989(01)00154-7 Hall CA, 2002, J THERMOPHYS HEAT TR, V16, P587, DOI 10.2514/2.6718 HALLOWELL B, 2004, POP OUT EFFECT CONTR Hallowell B, 1999, CURRENT OCULOMOTOR R, P292 HALLOWELL B, 2006, UNPUB POP OUT STAT S Hallowell B, 2004, APHASIOLOGY, V18, P611, DOI 10.1080/02687030444000084 Harrington D. O., 1990, VISUAL FIELDS Helm-Estabrooks N, 2002, J COMMUN DISORD, V35, P171, DOI 10.1016/S0021-9924(02)00063-1 Holland A., 1980, COMMUNICATIVE ABILIT HYVARINEN L, 1980, ACTA OPHTHALMOL, V58, P507 Katz RC, 2000, INT J LANG COMM DIS, V35, P303 Kay J., 1997, PSYCHOLINGUISTIC ASS Kertesz A., 1982, W APHASIA BATTERY LaPointe L., 1998, READING COMPREHENSIO LASS U, 1993, STUD VIS INFORM PROC, V4, P93 LIESEGANG TJ, 1992, ESSENTIALS OPHTHALMO, P4 LOCHER P, 1993, STUD VIS INFORM PROC, V4, P59 MACKWORT.NH, 1970, HUM DEV, V13, P149 MIRSKY A F, 1991, Neuropsychology Review, V2, P109, DOI 10.1007/BF01109051 Murray Laura L., 2002, Seminars in Speech and Language, V23, P107, DOI 10.1055/s-2002-24987 Myers P., 1998, RIGHT HEMISPHERE DAM NEWELL FW, 1992, OPHTHALMOLOGY PRINCI, P143 Nothdurft HC, 2002, VISION RES, V42, P1287, DOI 10.1016/S0042-6989(02)00016-0 Rayner K., 1989, LANG COGNITIVE PROC, V4, P21, DOI DOI 10.1080/01690968908406362 Rayner K., 1992, EYE MOVEMENTS VISUAL, P203, DOI DOI 10.1007/978-1-4612-2852-3_12 Tompkins CA, 1995, RIGHT HEMISPHERE COM WILSON JTL, 1992, J HEAD TRAUMA REHAB, V7, P29, DOI 10.1097/00001199-199206000-00006 Wolfe J., 2000, SEEING, P335, DOI 10.1016/B978-012443760-9/50010-6 Ylvisaker Mark, 1992, Seminars in Speech and Language, V13, P239, DOI 10.1055/s-2008-1064200 NR 39 TC 14 Z9 14 PU PSYCHOLOGY PRESS PI HOVE PA 27 CHURCH RD, HOVE BN3 2FA, EAST SUSSEX, ENGLAND SN 0268-7038 J9 APHASIOLOGY JI Aphasiology PY 2007 VL 21 IS 9 BP 883 EP 900 DI 10.1080/02687030600695194 PG 18 WC Clinical Neurology SC Neurosciences & Neurology GA 218HV UT WOS:000250007500004 ER PT J AU Moses, MS Sheard, C Nickels, LA AF Moses, Melanie S. Sheard, Christine Nickels, Lyndsey A. TI Insights into recurrent perseverative errors in aphasia: A case series approach SO APHASIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID JARGON APHASIA; SPEAKERS; PICTURES AB Background: Recurrent perseverative errors are most commonly produced by speakers with aphasia (Albert & Sandson, 1986). While some research has proposed that recurrent perseverative errors are primarily caused by an impaired ability to inhibit a prior response, most recent research proposes that these errors occur as a direct result of underlying language impairment at any specified processing level (e.g., Cohen & Dehaene, 1998). Aims: This investigation was designed to further explore the hypothesis that the type of recurrent perseverative errors produced reflects the level of language-processing breakdown. Two specific questions were addressed: ( 1) Is the distribution of types of perseverative error similar to that of non-perseverative errors within different language tasks? ( 2) Do the relative proportions of total and blended perseverative errors reflect an individual's language-processing profile? Methods & Procedures: The recurrent perseverative error patterns of five individuals with aphasia with varying levels of language-processing breakdown were examined across three language tasks ( repetition, reading aloud, and picture naming). Outcomes & Results: The incidence of different types of recurrent perseverative errors was found to be influenced by the processing demands of individual tasks, relative to each participant's language-processing breakdown. However, certain findings challenged current theories, such as the large proportion of perseverative errors that were unrelated to their targets and some participants' entire reproduction of prior neologisms across different responses. Different theoretical accounts are explored to attempt to understand these error patterns. Conclusions: This study supports theories proposing that recurrent perseverative errors are a direct result of underlying language-processing breakdown in aphasia ( Cohen & Dehaene, 1998; Martin, Roach, Brecher, & Lowery, 1998). It is argued that examination of both whole word (total) and phoneme ( blended) perseverative errors is necessary for a comprehensive analysis of the proposed relationship between perseveration and language-processing impairment. C1 Care Of Dr Lyndsey Nickles, Macquarie Univ, MACCS, Sydney, NSW 2109, Australia. Univ Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia. Macquarie Univ, Sydney, NSW 2109, Australia. RP Moses, MS (reprint author), Care Of Dr Lyndsey Nickles, Macquarie Univ, MACCS, Sydney, NSW 2109, Australia. EM mmoses@maccs.mq.edu.au CR ALBERT ML, 1986, CORTEX, V22, P103 ALLISON RS, 1966, BRIT MED J, V2, P1095 BUCKINGHAM HW, 1985, CURRENT PERSPECTIVES, P113 BUCKINGHAM HW, 1979, STUDIES NEUROLINGUIS, V4, P329 BUCKINGHAM HW, 1978, CORTEX, V14, P365 BUTTERWORTH B, 1992, COGNITION, V42, P261, DOI 10.1016/0010-0277(92)90045-J BUTTERWORTH B, 1979, BRAIN LANG, V8, P133, DOI 10.1016/0093-934X(79)90046-4 BUTTERWORTH B, 1981, JARGONAPHASIA Cohen L, 1998, BRAIN, V121, P1641, DOI 10.1093/brain/121.9.1641 Coltheart M, 1996, AUST J PSYCHOL, V48, P136, DOI 10.1080/00049539608259520 Dell GS, 1997, PSYCHOL REV, V104, P801, DOI 10.1037/0033-295X.104.4.801 ELLIS AW, 1985, PROGR PSYCHOL LANGUA, V2 HELMESTABROOKS N, 1998, APHASIOLOGY, V12, P7 HELMICK JW, 1976, J COMMUN DISORD, V9, P143, DOI 10.1016/0021-9924(76)90006-X Hirsh KW, 1998, COGNITIVE NEUROPSYCH, V15, P377, DOI 10.1080/026432998381140 HOWARD D, 1985, BRAIN, V108, P817 Howard D., 1992, PYRAMIDS PALM TREES HUDSON AJ, 1969, BRAIN, V91, P571 Kay J., 1992, PSYCHOLINGUISTIC ASS Kertesz A., 1982, W APHASIA BATTERY Martin N, 1998, APHASIOLOGY, V12, P319, DOI 10.1080/02687039808249536 MOSES MS, 2004, AUSTR COMMUNICATION, V6, P70 Moses MS, 2004, NEUROCASE, V10, P452, DOI 10.1080/13554790490894057 Moses MS, 2004, BRAIN LANG, V89, P157, DOI 10.1016/S0093-934X(03)00364-X Nickels L.A., 2000, SKETCH COGNITIVE PRO Papagno C, 1996, CORTEX, V32, P67 SANDSON J, 1984, NEUROPSYCHOLOGIA, V22, P715, DOI 10.1016/0028-3932(84)90098-8 Santo Pietro M J, 1986, Brain Lang, V29, P1 Santo Pietro M J, 1982, J Speech Hear Res, V25, P184 SNODGRASS JG, 1980, J EXP PSYCHOL-HUM L, V6, P174, DOI 10.1037/0278-7393.6.2.174 VITKOVITCH M, 1991, J EXP PSYCHOL LEARN, V17, P664, DOI 10.1037/0278-7393.17.4.664 YAMADORI A, 1981, Neuropsychologia, V19, P591, DOI 10.1016/0028-3932(81)90026-9 NR 32 TC 7 Z9 7 PU PSYCHOLOGY PRESS PI HOVE PA 27 CHURCH RD, HOVE BN3 2FA, EAST SUSSEX, ENGLAND SN 0268-7038 J9 APHASIOLOGY JI Aphasiology PY 2007 VL 21 IS 10-11 BP 975 EP 1001 DI 10.1080/02687030701198312 PG 27 WC Clinical Neurology SC Neurosciences & Neurology GA 218HW UT WOS:000250007600005 ER PT J AU Martin, N Dell, GS AF Martin, Nadine Dell, Gary S. TI Common mechanisms underlying perseverative and non-perseverative sound and word substitutions SO APHASIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID INTERACTIVE 2-STEP MODEL; CASE-SERIES TEST; SPEECH PRODUCTION; LEXICAL ACCESS; ERRORS; RETRIEVAL; SPEAKERS; FACILITATION; REPETITION; ACTIVATION AB Background: Perseverations of sounds and words are common errors in aphasia. Understanding their mechanisms is of considerable interest to theories of word retrieval and also to treatment of anomia. Here, we explore the hypothesis that perseveration errors are generated by the same mechanisms as non-perseverative errors: weak activation of the intended word in the context of a competition from other activated words. Aims: In analyses of perseverative and non-perseverative naming errors of 94 individuals with aphasia, we aimed to show that the only difference between the two kinds of errors is that perseverated words and sounds have an increased probability of being retrieved instead of the target word because of their residual activation potential from their prior activation. Methods and Procedures: Correlational analyses were conducted to test (1) an interactive activation model's ( Schwartz, Dell, Martin, Sobel, & Gahl, 2006) account of the occurrence of sound and whole-word perseverations, ( 2) distributions of perseverative and non-perseverative across error categories, and ( 3) the relationship between weakened connection strength between semantic and lexical representations and the occurrence of "no response'' errors. Outcomes and Results: Our analyses indicate that whole-word perseverative and non-perseverative errors are associated with weak spreading of activation between semantics and the target word form, and that sound perseverations and non-perseverations are associated with weak spreading of activation between the target word form and its corresponding sounds. Additionally, distributions of perseverative and non-perseverative errors across error categories are strongly associated. Finally, the occurrence of "no response'' type errors is associated with weak semantic activation and the occurrence of whole-word perseverations. Conclusions: The data from this study support a model of word and sound perseverations in which their occurrence is attributed to the same mechanisms as non-perseverative errors: weakened activation of the intended word in the context of a competitive activation process in which other word forms that are related to the target word have potential to be retrieved instead of the target. Potential perseverated words and sounds participate in this process, but have an additional boost to their activation levels because of residual activation potential. C1 Temple Univ, Dept Comp Sci, Philadelphia, PA 19122 USA. Univ Illinois, Chicago, IL 60680 USA. RP Martin, N (reprint author), Temple Univ, Dept Comp Sci, 1701 N 13th St, Philadelphia, PA 19122 USA. EM nmartin@temple.edu CR Arbuthnott KD, 1996, J EXP PSYCHOL GEN, V125, P261, DOI 10.1037//0096-3445.125.3.261 Chute D. L., 1990, MACLABORATORY PSYCHO Cohen L, 1998, BRAIN, V121, P1641, DOI 10.1093/brain/121.9.1641 DELL GS, 1981, J VERB LEARN VERB BE, V20, P611, DOI 10.1016/S0022-5371(81)90202-4 Dell GS, 1997, PSYCHOL REV, V104, P123, DOI 10.1037/0033-295X.104.1.123 Dell GS, 2004, COGN NEUROPSYCHOL, V21, P125, DOI 10.1080/02643290342000320 Dell GS, 1997, PSYCHOL REV, V104, P801, DOI 10.1037/0033-295X.104.4.801 Dell GS, 2007, J MEM LANG, V56, P490, DOI 10.1016/j.jml.2006.05.007 Foygel D, 2000, J MEM LANG, V43, P182, DOI 10.1006/jmla.2000.2716 Francis WN, 1982, FREQUENCY ANAL ENGLI FROMKIN VA, 1971, LANGUAGE, V47, P27, DOI 10.2307/412187 Garrett M. E., 1975, PSYCHOL LEARN MOTIV, P133 Gotts SJ, 2002, NEUROPSYCHOLOGIA, V40, P1930, DOI 10.1016/S0028-3932(02)00067-2 HARLEY TA, 1984, COGNITIVE SCI, V8, P191 Hirsh KW, 1998, COGNITIVE NEUROPSYCH, V15, P377, DOI 10.1080/026432998381140 Houghton G., 1990, CURRENT RES NATURAL Kertesz A., 1982, W APHASIA BATTERY Levelt WJM, 1999, BEHAV BRAIN SCI, V22, P1 MARTIN N, 1989, J MEM LANG, V28, P462, DOI 10.1016/0749-596X(89)90022-3 Martin Nadine, 2004, Seminars in Speech and Language, V25, P349, DOI 10.1055/s-2004-837247 MARTIN N, 1994, BRAIN LANG, V47, P609, DOI 10.1006/brln.1994.1061 Martin N, 1996, LANG COGNITIVE PROC, V11, P257, DOI 10.1080/016909696387187 Martin N, 1998, APHASIOLOGY, V12, P319, DOI 10.1080/02687039808249536 Roach A., 1996, CLIN APHASIOLOGY, V24, P121 SCHWARTZ MF, 1994, BRAIN LANG, V47, P52, DOI 10.1006/brln.1994.1042 Schwartz MF, 2006, J MEM LANG, V54, P228, DOI 10.1016/j.jml.2005.10.001 YAMADORI A, 1981, Neuropsychologia, V19, P591, DOI 10.1016/0028-3932(81)90026-9 NR 27 TC 16 Z9 16 PU PSYCHOLOGY PRESS PI HOVE PA 27 CHURCH RD, HOVE BN3 2FA, EAST SUSSEX, ENGLAND SN 0268-7038 J9 APHASIOLOGY JI Aphasiology PY 2007 VL 21 IS 10-11 BP 1002 EP 1017 DI 10.1080/02687030701198346 PG 16 WC Clinical Neurology SC Neurosciences & Neurology GA 218HW UT WOS:000250007600006 ER PT J AU Ackerman, T Ellis, AW AF Ackerman, Tess Ellis, Andrew W. TI Case study: Where do aphasic perseverations come from? SO APHASIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID ERRORS; MECHANISMS; ACTIVATION; RETRIEVAL; VARIABLES; SPEAKERS; NORMS; SET AB Background: Perseverations are common in the speech of people with aphasia but the phenomenon has been the subject of relatively little investigation. We had the opportunity to study an aphasic patient who produced a large number of perseverations in naming, reading, and repetition tasks. Aims: To gain a better understanding of the origins and causes of perseverative errors in a man with aphasia ( MM) through a detailed analysis of his errors across naming, reading, and repetition, combined with a thorough assessment of his language disorder. Methods & Procedures: MM was given a cognitive neuropsychological assessment of his language-processing system. He was then asked to name 140 black and white drawings of objects and to repeat and read aloud the same 140 object names. Each of these tasks was done on two occasions. Outcomes & Results: MM showed major semantic impairment combined with some phonological and orthographic deficits. He was better at reading object names than repeating them, and worst at object naming. Analysis of his errors showed differences between naming, repeating, and reading. Whole-word perseverations were most common in object naming, where they were predominantly unrelated to the target items. Conclusions: MM's aphasia and perseverations are discussed in terms of the theory put forward by Martin and Dell ( 2007, this issue). We endorse the proposition that perseverations should be understood within the wider context of aphasic breakdown, and that no special mechanisms may be required to explain perseverative errors. But the lack of any influence of lexical responses like word frequency on MM's performance, and the fact that perseverations mostly resulted in unrelated errors, are problematic for the Martin and Dell framework. They suggest that MM's perseverations mostly occurred when his semantic and phonological system were deprived of any useable input, with the target being unable to influence the response. Under such circumstances, either no response was available, or MM made an unconstrained and therefore unrelated response, in which case the endogenously driven reactivation of recent responses ( whole words or fragments) was likely to fill the void with a perseverative error. C1 Univ York, Dept Psychol, York YO10 5DD, N Yorkshire, England. Leeds E Primary Care Trust, Leeds, W Yorkshire, England. RP Ellis, AW (reprint author), Univ York, Dept Psychol, York YO10 5DD, N Yorkshire, England. EM awe1@york.ac.uk CR ALBERT ML, 1986, CORTEX, V22, P103 ALLISON RS, 1967, BRAIN, V90, P442 Baayen R. H., 1993, CELEX LEXICAL DATABA Basso Anna, 2004, Seminars in Speech and Language, V25, P375, DOI 10.1055/s-2004-837249 BUCKINGHAM HW, 1985, CURRENT PERSPECTIVES, P113 BUCKINGHAM HW, 1979, STUDIES NEUROLINGUIS, V4, P329 Byng S., 1999, REVERSIBLE SENTENCE Cohen L, 1998, BRAIN, V121, P1641, DOI 10.1093/brain/121.9.1641 Cuetos F, 2002, BRAIN LANG, V82, P344, DOI 10.1016/S0093-934X(02)00038-X Dell GS, 1997, PSYCHOL REV, V104, P123, DOI 10.1037/0033-295X.104.1.123 DELL GS, 2004, J MEM LANG, V43, P182 DELL GS, 1986, PSYCHOL REV, V93, P283, DOI 10.1037//0033-295X.93.3.283 Dell GS, 1997, PSYCHOL REV, V104, P801, DOI 10.1037/0033-295X.104.4.801 Ellis A. W., 1988, HUMAN COGNITIVE NEUR Ellis AW, 2006, CORTEX, V42, P817, DOI 10.1016/S0010-9452(08)70423-4 ELLIS AW, 1978, Q J EXP PSYCHOL, V30, P569, DOI 10.1080/00335557843000142 Ellis AW, 1996, J NEUROLINGUIST, V9, P165, DOI 10.1016/0911-6044(96)00008-5 Goodglass H., 1983, REVISED BOSTON NAMIN Gotts Stephen J., 2004, Seminars in Speech and Language, V25, P323, DOI 10.1055/s-2004-837245 Gotts SJ, 2002, NEUROPSYCHOLOGIA, V40, P1930, DOI 10.1016/S0028-3932(02)00067-2 HALPERN H, 1965, PERCEPT MOTOR SKILL, V20, P421 HIRSH K, 1992, WORD PRODUCTION COMP Hirsh KW, 1998, COGNITIVE NEUROPSYCH, V15, P377, DOI 10.1080/026432998381140 Howard D., 1992, PYRAMIDS PALM TREES Kaplan E, 1983, BOSTON NAMING TEST Kay J., 1992, PALPA PSYCHOLINGUIST Martin N, 2007, APHASIOLOGY, V21, P1002, DOI 10.1080/02687030701198346 Martin N, 1998, APHASIOLOGY, V12, P319, DOI 10.1080/02687039808249536 MICELI G, 1994, NEUROPSYCHOLOGIA, V32, P317, DOI 10.1016/0028-3932(94)90134-1 MICELI G, 1991, CORTEX, V27, P57 Morrison CM, 1997, Q J EXP PSYCHOL-A, V50, P528 Moses MS, 2004, BRAIN LANG, V89, P157, DOI 10.1016/S0093-934X(03)00364-X NICKELS L, 1995, NEUROPSYCHOLOGIA, V33, P1281, DOI 10.1016/0028-3932(95)00102-9 Papagno C, 1996, CORTEX, V32, P67 QUINLAN PT, 1992, MRC PSYCHOLINGUISTIC Riddoch M.J., 1993, BIRMINGHAM OBJECT RE SANDSON J, 1984, NEUROPSYCHOLOGIA, V22, P715, DOI 10.1016/0028-3932(84)90098-8 SANPIETRO MJ, 1986, BRAIN LANG, V29, P1 SANPIETRO MJ, 1982, J SPEECH HEAR RES, V25, P184 SNODGRASS JG, 1980, J EXP PSYCHOL-HUM L, V6, P174, DOI 10.1037/0278-7393.6.2.174 YAMADORI A, 1981, Neuropsychologia, V19, P591, DOI 10.1016/0028-3932(81)90026-9 NR 41 TC 5 Z9 5 PU PSYCHOLOGY PRESS PI HOVE PA 27 CHURCH RD, HOVE BN3 2FA, EAST SUSSEX, ENGLAND SN 0268-7038 J9 APHASIOLOGY JI Aphasiology PY 2007 VL 21 IS 10-11 BP 1018 EP 1038 DI 10.1080/02687030701198361 PG 21 WC Clinical Neurology SC Neurosciences & Neurology GA 218HW UT WOS:000250007600007 ER PT J AU Frankel, T Penn, C AF Frankel, Tali Penn, Claire TI Perseveration and conversation in TBI: Response to pharmacological intervention SO APHASIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID TRAUMATIC BRAIN-INJURY; ATTENTION; APHASIA; ORGANIZATION; INHIBITION; DISCOURSE; PROFILE; CORTEX AB Background: Perseveration is a frequently encountered characteristic of individuals with organic brain involvement, including individuals with traumatic brain injury (TBI). Current theory implicates disordered executive functioning, particularly deficient inhibitory control, in the manifestation of perseverative phenomena (McNamara & Albert, 2004). To date, no work has been published related to conversational data despite numerous allusions in the literature to the presence of perseveration during conversational discourse. Existing research indicates that pharmacological approaches to reduction of verbal perseveration may be effective, although no full-scale clinical trial of any pharmacological agent targeted specifically at reducing perseveration has been conducted ( McNamara & Albert, 2004). Aims: This study examines conversational correlates of perseveration in TBI, the accompanying executive functioning profiles in relation to Barkley's hybrid model of executive functioning and self-regulation ( 1997) and responses to pharmacotherapy ( Ritalin). Methods & Procedures: Two participants, in chronic stages following TBI with prefrontal and sub-cortical damage, participated in parallel case studies with a quasi-experimental research design. Baseline, active, placebo, and withdrawal phases were included as well as double blind and randomisation precautions. Conversational data were generated using Conversation Analysis. Neuropsychological data were generated following a full battery of tests investigating behavioural inhibition, nonverbal working memory, internalisation of language, regulation of affect, and reconstitution. Outcomes & Results: Conversational data demonstrated disturbed topic management as a result of verbal perseveration. Participant AA demonstrated recurrent perseveration while PB demonstrated stuck-in-set perseveration, which influenced their conversations in highly specific ways. These findings were accompanied by discrete profiles indicating unique disruptions of executive functioning, particularly in relation to behavioural inhibition. Deficits in attention impacted profoundly on self-regulating functions, in particular nonverbal working memory and reconstitution. Improvements were noted during active drug phases related to improved behavioural inhibition and subsequent amelioration of perseverative manifestations with some evidence of improved topic shift and contribution and greater capacity for reconstitution and working memory tasks. Context was found to exert significant effects in relation to perseveration and its conversational manifestations. Conclusions: Perseveration co-exists with marked deficits in behavioural inhibition, which differentially affects executive functioning abilities, resulting in discrete cognitive profiles with corresponding conversational outcomes. Positive responses to pharmacotherapy present optimistic potential for future treatment, while context variables highlight the need for individualised, data-driven intervention programmes with an emphasis on continuous conversational interaction to preserve and improve communicative skills in individuals with chronic TBI. C1 Univ Witwatersrand, ZA-2050 Johannesburg, South Africa. RP Frankel, T (reprint author), Univ Witwatersrand, Private Bag 3, ZA-2050 Johannesburg, South Africa. EM tdfranky@absamail.co.za CR Adamovich B, 1992, SCALES COGNITIVE ABI Aten JL, 1994, LANGUAGE INTERVENTIO Barkley RA, 1997, PSYCHOL BULL, V121, P65, DOI 10.1037//0033-2909.121.1.65 Benton AL, 1976, MULTILINGUAL APHASIA BLANKEN G., 1993, LINGUISTIC DISORDERS BOOTH S, 1999, APHASIOLOGY, V13, P259 Bryant Shannon L., 1994, Seminars in Speech and Language, V15, P71, DOI 10.1055/s-2008-1064134 Christman Sarah S., 2004, Seminars in Speech and Language, V25, P295, DOI 10.1055/s-2004-837243 CODE C, 1982, CHARACTERISTICS APHA Coelho CA, 1991, J HEAD TRAUMA REHAB, V6, P92, DOI 10.1097/00001199-199106000-00011 Cohen L, 1998, BRAIN, V121, P1641, DOI 10.1093/brain/121.9.1641 EISENSON J, 1973, ADULT APHASIA ASSESS FEENEY D, 1993, CRC CRIT R CLIN NEUR, V3, P135 Fuster J.M., 1997, PREFRONTAL CORTEX Gathercole S. E., 1993, WORKING MEMORY LANGU GILES M, 1993, BRAIN INJURY REHABIL Gillis R.J., 1996, TRAUMATIC BRAIN INJU Godfrey HPD, 2000, APHASIOLOGY, V14, P433 Golden J. C., 1978, STROOP COLOR WORD TE Gotts SJ, 2002, NEUROPSYCHOLOGIA, V40, P1930, DOI 10.1016/S0028-3932(02)00067-2 GUALTIERI CG, 1991, RITALIN THEORY PATIE Gualtieri C T, 1988, Brain Inj, V2, P273, DOI 10.3109/02699058809150898 Hartley LL., 1995, COGNITIVE COMMUNICAT Hauser MD, 1999, CURR OPIN NEUROBIOL, V9, P214, DOI 10.1016/S0959-4388(99)80030-0 HOLMES VF, 1995, INT J PSYCHIAT MED, V25, P1, DOI 10.2190/2TVT-2LH0-AD5A-CP91 LAAKSO M, 1999, APHASIOLOGY, V13, P259 Landauer T. K., 1978, PRACTICAL ASPECTS ME LANG PJ, 1995, AM PSYCHOL, V50, P372, DOI 10.1037//0003-066X.50.5.372 Lesser R., 1993, LINGUISTICS APHASIA Lesser R., 1999, COGNITIVE NEUROPSYCH Levin HS, 1991, FRONTAL LOBE FUNCTIO LEZAK MD, 1995, NEUROPSYCHOLOGICAL A Linscott RJ, 1996, BRAIN INJURY, V10, P397, DOI 10.1080/026990596124269 Lock S, 2001, INT J LANG COMM DIS, V36, P25 Lubinski R, 1991, DEMENTIA COMMUNICATI LUNDGREN K, 1994, BRAIN LANG, V47, P370 Luria A. R., 1980, HIGHER CORTICAL FUNC McNamara Patrick, 2004, Seminars in Speech and Language, V25, P309, DOI 10.1055/s-2004-837244 McNeil M. R., 1995, AM J SPEECH-LANG PAT, V4, P76, DOI 10.1044/1058-0360.0404.76 MENTIS M, 1987, J SPEECH HEAR RES, V30, P88 Milner B., 1995, EPILEPSY FUNCTIONAL MILTON S, 1984, CLIN APH C P MINN MOLLOY R, 1990, DISCOURSE ABILITY BR MOSES M, 2001, CAMEL CANDLE UNDERST NELSON L, 1994, NEUROPSYCHOLOGY BEHA Nelson LD, 1998, ARCH CLIN NEUROPSYCH, V13, P549, DOI 10.1016/S0887-6177(97)00052-8 NEWCOMBE F, 1997, NEUROLOGICAL REHABIL Paolo A. M., 1996, ASSESSMENT, V3, P137, DOI [10.1177/107319119600300205, DOI 10.1177/107319119600300205] PARLOFF MB, 1986, J CONSULT CLIN PSYCH, V54, P79, DOI 10.1037/0022-006X.54.1.79 Pashler H., 1998, ATTENTION Penn C, 2000, BRAIN LANG, V71, P185, DOI 10.1006/brln.1999.2247 Penn C, 1999, BRAIN LANG, V68, P535, DOI 10.1006/brln.1999.2127 Perkins L, 1998, J NEUROLINGUIST, V11, P33, DOI 10.1016/S0911-6044(98)00004-9 Perkins L, 1999, APHASIOLOGY, V13, P259 PONSFORD J, 1992, J CLIN EXP NEUROPSYC, V14, P822, DOI 10.1080/01688639208402865 Prigatano GP, 1986, NEUROPSYCHOLOGICAL R Rao V, 2000, PSYCHOSOMATICS, V41, P95, DOI 10.1176/appi.psy.41.2.95 RASKIN SA, 1992, NEUROPSYCHOLOGIA, V30, P95, DOI 10.1016/0028-3932(92)90018-H SACKS H, 1974, LANGUAGE, V50, P696, DOI 10.2307/412243 SANDSON J, 1987, NEUROLOGY, V37, P1736 SCHACHAR R, 1995, J ABNORM CHILD PSYCH, V23, P411, DOI 10.1007/BF01447206 SCHEGLOFF EA, 1977, LANGUAGE, V53, P361, DOI 10.2307/413107 SEHAPIRO SR, 1993, MINOR HEAD TRAUMA AS Spencer JP, 2004, PSYCHOL SCI, V15, P187, DOI 10.1111/j.0956-7976.2004.01503007.x Spreen O., 1998, COMPENDIUM NEUROPSYC STUSS DT, 1992, J CONSULT CLIN PSYCH, V60, P349, DOI 10.1037/0022-006X.60.3.349 STUSS DT, 1986, LOCALIZATION NEUROPS STUSS DT, 1982, J COMP PHYSIOL PSYCH, V96, P913, DOI 10.1037/0735-7036.96.6.913 TENHAVE P, 1999, CONVERSATION ANAL ULATOWSKA HK, 1983, BRAIN LANG, V19, P317, DOI 10.1016/0093-934X(83)90074-3 van Zomeran AH, 1994, CLIN NEUROPSYCHOLOGY Walker-Batson D., 1998, RESTORATIVE NEUROLOG Watt N, 2000, S AFR J PSYCHOL, V30, P27 Wechsler DS, 1997, WECHSLER MEMORY SCAL WILKINSON R, 1999, APHASIOLOGY, V13, P259 WYCKOFF LH, 1984, NARRATIVE PROCEDURAL YLVISAKER M, 1994, LANGUAGE INTERVENTIO NR 77 TC 6 Z9 6 PU PSYCHOLOGY PRESS PI HOVE PA 27 CHURCH RD, HOVE BN3 2FA, EAST SUSSEX, ENGLAND SN 0268-7038 J9 APHASIOLOGY JI Aphasiology PY 2007 VL 21 IS 10-11 BP 1039 EP 1078 DI 10.1080/02687030701198395 PG 40 WC Clinical Neurology SC Neurosciences & Neurology GA 218HW UT WOS:000250007600008 ER PT J AU Stark, J Kristoferitsch, W Graf, M Gelpi, E Budka, H AF Stark, Jacqueline Kristoferitsch, Wolfgang Graf, Martin Gelpi, Ellen Budka, Herbert TI Verbal perseveration as the initial symptom in a case of Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease SO APHASIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID FOCAL BRAIN DAMAGE; APHASIA; DEMENTIA; LANGUAGE; DIFFUSE; SPEECH; SIGN AB Background: In the literature on cortical degenerative processes and primary progressive aphasia, language disorders have been discussed as the initial sign of higher cortical dysfunction. Verbal perseveration has also been cited to precede the occurrence of other cortical signs. In this paper we present language data from an autopsy-confirmed case of Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease (CJD) who exhibited profound verbal perseveration as the initial symptom. Aims: This case report aims to provide a description of the extent and pattern of verbal perseveration in a client with the rapidly progressing fatal CJD. Language test data and medical data, i.e., EEG and neuropathology-which confirm the diagnosis of CJD-are presented. Methods & Procedures: Language testing was performed with our patient to determine the nature of the language disorder at a time when the diagnosis of CJD had not yet been made. The tape-recorded sessions were transcribed and the language data analysed. Outcomes & Results: The pervasive perseverative behaviour mirrors the underlying language-processing difficulties and the magnitude of the progression of the disease process. Perseverative errors account for between 87% and 95% of the language-processing errors on the various language tasks. In general, the first items of each task were responded to correctly, indicating that our client was trying to meet the various test demands and at the time of testing was still able to process language, albeit in a very restricted manner. Conclusions: The rapid deterioration of language functions in our case and in other reported cases necessitates acting quickly without delay. Immediate recognition and analysis of the language disturbance and verbal perseverative behaviour may provide relevant information for differentially diagnosing clients presenting with various cortical degenerative diseases at an early stage. C1 Austrian Acad Sci, Dept Linguist & Commun Res, A-1030 Vienna, Austria. Social Med Ctr SMZ E, Vienna, Austria. Med Univ Vienna, Vienna, Austria. RP Stark, J (reprint author), Austrian Acad Sci, Dept Linguist & Commun Res, Kegelgasse 27,3rd Floor, A-1030 Vienna, Austria. EM jacqueline-ann.stark@univie.ac.at CR ALLISON RS, 1966, BRIT MED J, V2, P1095 ALLISON RS, 1966, BRIT MED J, V2, P1027 BAYLES KA, 1985, BRAIN LANG, V25, P102, DOI 10.1016/0093-934X(85)90123-3 BERNOULLI CC, 1979, SLOW TRANSMISSIBLE D, V1, P229 BOLLER F, 1973, NEUROLOGY, V23, P1117 BROWN P, 1979, ANN NEUROL, V6, P430, DOI 10.1002/ana.410060510 BUCKINGHAM HW, 1985, CURRENT PERSPECTIVES, P113 Cohen D, 2004, EPILEPSY BEHAV, V5, P792, DOI 10.1016/j.yebeh.2004.06.019 CRITCHLEY M, 1927, J NEUROL PSYCHOPATH, V7, P23 DEMPSTER FN, 1991, INTELLIGENCE, V15, P157, DOI 10.1016/0160-2896(91)90028-C GALVEZ S, 1982, NERVENARZT, V53, P132 Goodglass H., 1983, BOSTON DIAGNOSTIC AP, V2nd HEILBRONNER K, 1906, ERGANZUNGSHEFT MONAT, V18, P293 HIER DB, 1985, BRAIN LANG, V25, P117, DOI 10.1016/0093-934X(85)90124-5 Hillis AE, 1999, APHASIOLOGY, V13, P743 Huber W., 1983, AACHENER APHASIE TES JACKSON KH, 1880, BRAIN, V2, P323 Kaplan E, 1983, BOSTON NAMING TEST KEMPLER D, 1987, J SPEECH HEAR RES, V30, P343 Kertesz A., 1982, W APHASIA BATTERY KIRSHNER HS, 1984, ARCH NEUROL-CHICAGO, V41, P491 KLEIST K, 1934, GEHRINPATHOLOGIE VOR LEBRUN Y, 1993, LINGUISTIC DISORDERS, P225 Lissauer H., 1890, ARCH PSYCHIATRIE NER, V21, P222, DOI 10.1007/BF02226765 MANDELL AM, 1989, NEUROLOGY, V39, P55 MATTHEWS WB, 1985, HDB CLIN NEUROLOGY, V46, P289 MOEN I, 1993, CLIN LINGUIST PHONET, V7, P1, DOI 10.3109/02699209308985540 Nagahama Y, 2005, J NEUROL NEUROSUR PS, V76, P169, DOI 10.1136/jnnp.2004.039818 Pachalska M, 2001, Med Sci Monit, V7, P1307 Possin KL, 2005, J CLIN EXP NEUROPSYC, V27, P953, DOI 10.1080/13803390490919092 Rosenberg M, 1912, Z GESAMTE NEUROL PSY, V8, P123, DOI 10.1007/BF02866026 SHINDLER AG, 1984, BRAIN LANG, V23, P148, DOI 10.1016/0093-934X(84)90013-0 SHUTTLEWORTH EC, 1985, J NATL MED ASSOC, V77, P649 Sowman R, 2006, APHASIOLOGY, V20, P579, DOI 10.1080/026870030500399129 STARK J, 1984, THESIS U VIENNA Stark J, 2007, APHASIOLOGY, V21, P928, DOI 10.1080/02687030701198239 TEUBER HL, 1955, AM PSYCHOL, V10, P408 TSUJI S, 1983, NEUROLOGY, V33, P1503 VONSOLDER F, 1899, JB PSYCHIAT, V18, P479 WALLESCH CW, 1990, APHASIOLOGY, V4, P133, DOI 10.1080/02687039008249066 WECHSLER AF, 1977, J NEUROL NEUROSUR PS, V40, P303, DOI 10.1136/jnnp.40.3.303 Whitaker H., 1976, STUDIES NEUROLINGUIS, V2, P1 YAMANOUCHI H, 1986, NEUROLOGY, V36, P1517 YATES AJ, 1966, ANNU REV PSYCHOL, V17, P111, DOI 10.1146/annurev.ps.17.020166.000551 NR 44 TC 0 Z9 0 PU PSYCHOLOGY PRESS PI HOVE PA 27 CHURCH RD, HOVE BN3 2FA, EAST SUSSEX, ENGLAND SN 0268-7038 J9 APHASIOLOGY JI Aphasiology PY 2007 VL 21 IS 10-11 BP 1079 EP 1113 DI 10.1080/02687030701198403 PG 35 WC Clinical Neurology SC Neurosciences & Neurology GA 218HW UT WOS:000250007600009 ER PT J AU Stark, J AF Stark, Jacqueline TI Syntax detached from semantics: Qualitative analysis of examples of verbal perseveration from a transcortical sensory aphasic patient SO APHASIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID SENTENCE FORMULATION; ACCESSIBILITY AB Background: An individual showing an intricate pattern of errors as a consequence of brain damage affords the clinician an opportunity to analyse language data, the exact pattern of which would be impossible to generate. This situation is particularly valuable when the phenomenon to be investigated is unique. This is the case with verbal perseveration. It does not always occur in aphasia. However, when it does, qualitative analysis of the perseveratory errors sheds light on the individual's underlying disorder(s). Aims: In this paper verbal perseverative errors produced by a client with transcortical sensory aphasia during routine language testing are analysed. The aim of this study is to characterise the types of perseverative responses and related phenomena and to arrive at an understanding of the mechanisms of the underlying disorders on the various linguistic levels. Methods & Procedures: Client MH, clinically diagnosed as having transcortical sensory aphasia, was administered several language tests. The language data were transcribed and a qualitative analysis of her oral language production was performed with particular emphasis on perseverative and paraphasic responses of the semantic, syntactic, and ideational error types. Outcomes & Results: Verbal perseveration is the most prominent symptom in client MH's language data. The perseveratory errors display a complex development within a task ( interstimuli), across tasks and task types and they extend over 2 days. The produced perseverations in the different tasks vary in their linguistic complexity from word-level to text-level responses. Analysis of MH's perseverative errors within the framework of Levelt's ( 1993) model of language production and comprehension with modifications from Dietrich ( 2002) reveals impairment to several processing components of the conceptualiser: monitoring, discourse processing, message generation, and lexical/semantic aspects of the lexicon. Conclusions: The pattern of perseveratory errors in client MH lends support to the relative preservation of grammatical encoding, phonological encoding, and articulation. She produced well-articulated, grammatically correct utterances. However, her responses were semantically inadequate and she showed word retrieval deficits. Pre- and post-production monitoring was impaired for semantic aspects of the utterances. Few phonological errors were made, and they were immediately corrected by MH. Self-corrections were not observed for semantically inadequate and contradictory responses. C1 Austrian Acad Sci, Dept Linguist & Commun Res, A-1030 Vienna, Austria. RP Stark, J (reprint author), Austrian Acad Sci, Dept Linguist & Commun Res, Kegelgasse 27,3rd Floor, A-1030 Vienna, Austria. EM jacqueline-ann.stark@univie.ac.at CR Basso Anna, 2004, Seminars in Speech and Language, V25, P375, DOI 10.1055/s-2004-837249 Benson DF, 1979, APHASIA ALEXIA AGRAP BERNDT RS, 1987, COGNITIVE NEUROPSYCH, V4, P79, DOI 10.1080/02643298708252036 Berthier M., 1999, TRANSCORTICAL APHASI Bock J. K., 1994, HDB PSYCHOLINGUISTIC, P945 BOCK JK, 1982, PSYCHOL REV, V89, P1, DOI 10.1037/0033-295X.89.1.1 BOCK JK, 1986, COGNITIVE PSYCHOL, V18, P355, DOI 10.1016/0010-0285(86)90004-6 BOCK JK, 1985, COGNITION, V21, P47 BOCK JK, 1980, J VERB LEARN VERB BE, V19, P467 BOCK K, 1987, J MEM LANG, V26, P119, DOI 10.1016/0749-596X(87)90120-3 Buckingham HW, 2007, APHASIOLOGY, V21, P916, DOI 10.1080/02687030701198205 CIMINOKNIGHT AM, 2005, APHASIA RELATED NEUR, P169 COSLETT HB, 1987, BRAIN LANG, V32, P362, DOI 10.1016/0093-934X(87)90133-7 DE BEAUGRANDE Robert-Alain, 1981, EINFUHRUNG TEXTLINGU Dietrich R., 2002, PSYCHOLINGUISTIK DOGIL G, 1995, APHASIOLOGY, V9, P577, DOI 10.1080/02687039508248716 Garrett M., 1975, PSYCHOL LEARNING MOT, V9 GOLDSTEIN K, 1915, TRANSKORTIKALEN APH GONZALEZROTHI LJ, 1997, APHASIA RELATED NEUR, P91 Goodglass H, 1983, ASSESSMENT APHASIA R, V2nd Goodglass H, 1972, Cortex, V8, P191 HUBER W, 1982, KLIN NEUROPSYCHOLOGI KEMPLER D, 1987, J SPEECH HEAR RES, V30, P343 Levelt W. J. M, 1993, LINGUISTIC DISORDERS, P1 Lichtheim L., 1885, BRAIN, V7, P433 NORDEN I, 1953, BINETARIUM Pick-Prag A, 1906, Z PSYCHOL PHYSIOL SI, V42, P241 RUBENS AB, 1983, LOCALIZATION NEUROPS, P245 Stark J, 2007, APHASIOLOGY, V21, P928, DOI 10.1080/02687030701198239 STARK J, 1984, VERBALE PERSERVATION TEUBER HL, 1955, AM PSYCHOL, V10, P408 van Lancker D, 2001, APHASIOLOGY, V15, P343 van Lancker D, 2001, APHASIOLOGY, V15, P396 Wernicke C., 1874, APHASISCHE SYMPTOMEN Whitaker H., 1976, STUDIES NEUROLINGUIS, V2, P1 YATES AJ, 1966, ANNU REV PSYCHOL, V17, P111, DOI 10.1146/annurev.ps.17.020166.000551 NR 36 TC 1 Z9 1 PU PSYCHOLOGY PRESS PI HOVE PA 27 CHURCH RD, HOVE BN3 2FA, EAST SUSSEX, ENGLAND SN 0268-7038 J9 APHASIOLOGY JI Aphasiology PY 2007 VL 21 IS 10-11 BP 1114 EP 1142 DI 10.1080/02687030701198429 PG 29 WC Clinical Neurology SC Neurosciences & Neurology GA 218HW UT WOS:000250007600010 ER PT J AU Marek, A Habets, B Jansma, BM Nager, W Muente, TF AF Marek, Annette Habets, Boukje Jansma, Bernadette M. Nager, Wido Muente, Thomas F. TI Neural correlates of conceptualisation difficulty during the preparation of complex utterances SO APHASIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID EVENT-RELATED POTENTIALS; SYNTACTIC POSITIVE SHIFT; SPEECH PRODUCTION; TIME-COURSE; BRAIN POTENTIALS; LANGUAGE PRODUCTION; MODEL; ACTIVATION; ERP; INFORMATION AB Background: In language production, conceptualisation of the utterance precedes lamma retrieval, phonological encoding, and articulation. Knowledge about the neural correlates of conceptualisation is scarce. Aims: The study aimed at the delineation of neurophysiological correlates of the macro-planning aspect of conceptualisation by manipulating difficulty of conceptualisation. Methods & Procedures: Utterances were elicited by visual arrays containing a network of eight different shapes ( e. g., circle, square) of different colours. Upon the appearance of an arrow in the display, participants had to describe either the direction of the arrow only ( simple condition), the direction and the destination shape ( medium condition), or the direction, the destination shape, and its colour ( complex condition). Event-related brain potentials ( ERPs) were recorded from young healthy native speakers of German and analysed for epochs starting 100 ms prior to the onset of the arrow stimulus until 600 ms thereafter, i. e., prior to the onset of the vocalisation. ERPs were quantified by mean amplitude measures. Outcomes & Results: ERPs uncontaminated by vocalisation artefacts were obtained. Brain potentials in the medium and complex conditions were more positive going than those from the simple condition from 300 ms onwards. This effect had a centro-parietal distribution akin the P300 component. Conclusions: Reliable electrophysiological effects of conceptualisation difficulty were obtained, opening new possibilities for the neurophysiological investigation of language production in healthy participants and those with non-aphasic language disorders. The distribution of the conceptualisation effect suggests that it reflects general effects of conceptualisation difficulty ( e. g., demand for processing resources) rather than specific steps of the language planning process. C1 Univ Magdeburg, D-39106 Magdeburg, Germany. Maastricht Univ, Maastricht, Netherlands. Hannover Med Sch, Hannover, Germany. RP Muente, TF (reprint author), Univ Magdeburg, Dept Neuropsychol, Univplatz 2,Gabaude 24, D-39106 Magdeburg, Germany. EM thomas.muente@medizin.uni-magdeburg.de RI Munte, Thomas/C-2077-2014 CR Braun AR, 2001, BRAIN, V124, P2028, DOI 10.1093/brain/124.10.2028 Coulson S, 1998, LANG COGNITIVE PROC, V13, P21, DOI 10.1080/016909698386582 DEUTSCH W, 1982, COGNITION, V11, P159, DOI 10.1016/0010-0277(82)90024-5 DONCHIN E, 1981, PSYCHOPHYSIOLOGY, V18, P493, DOI 10.1111/j.1469-8986.1981.tb01815.x Eulitz C, 2000, CLIN NEUROPHYSIOL, V111, P2088, DOI 10.1016/S1388-2457(00)00441-7 Friederici AD, 2002, TRENDS COGN SCI, V6, P78, DOI 10.1016/S1364-6613(00)01839-8 Garrett M., 1982, NORMALITY PATHOLOGY, P19 HAGOORT P, 1993, LANG COGNITIVE PROC, V8, P439, DOI 10.1080/01690969308407585 Hagoort P, 2003, NEUROIMAGE, V20, pS18, DOI 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2003.09.013 HARLEY TA, 1984, COGNITIVE SCI, V8, P191 Heim S, 2002, NEUROSCI LETT, V328, P101, DOI 10.1016/S0304-3940(02)00494-9 Indefrey P, 2001, P NATL ACAD SCI USA, V98, P5933, DOI 10.1073/pnas.101118098 Indefrey P, 2004, COGNITION, V92, P101, DOI 10.1016/j.cognition.2002.06.001 Indefrey P, 2004, BRAIN LANG, V89, P312, DOI 10.1016/S0093-934X(03)00352-3 JANSMA BM, 2004, MULTIDISCIPLINARY AP, P230 JENNINGS JR, 1976, PSYCHOPHYSIOLOGY, V13, P277 Jescheniak JRD, 2002, J COGNITIVE NEUROSCI, V14, P951, DOI 10.1162/089892902760191162 JOHNSON R, 1986, PSYCHOPHYSIOLOGY, V23, P367, DOI 10.1111/j.1469-8986.1986.tb00649.x Kolk HHJ, 2003, BRAIN LANG, V85, P1, DOI 10.1016/S0093-934X(02)00548-5 Kuperberg GR, 2003, COGNITIVE BRAIN RES, V17, P117, DOI 10.1016/S0926-6410(03)00086-7 KUTAS M, 1977, SCIENCE, V197, P792, DOI 10.1126/science.887923 LEVELT W, 1989, SPEAKING INTENTION A Levelt WJM, 1999, BEHAV BRAIN SCI, V22, P1 LEVELT WJM, 1983, COGNITION, V14, P41, DOI 10.1016/0010-0277(83)90026-4 Liotti M, 2000, NEUROPSYCHOLOGIA, V38, P701, DOI 10.1016/S0028-3932(99)00106-2 MCCARTHY G, 1985, ELECTROEN CLIN NEURO, V62, P203, DOI 10.1016/0168-5597(85)90015-2 MOTLEY MT, 1983, COMMUN MONOGR, V50, P79 Munte T. F., 2000, HDB NEUROPSYCHOLOGY, V1, P139 Munte TF, 1998, NEUROPSYCHOLOGIA, V36, P217, DOI 10.1016/S0028-3932(97)00119-X Oomen CCE, 2001, J PSYCHOLINGUIST RES, V30, P163, DOI 10.1023/A:1010377828778 OSTERHOUT L, 1992, J MEM LANG, V31, P785, DOI 10.1016/0749-596X(92)90039-Z Pechmann T, 2002, J EXP PSYCHOL LEARN, V28, P233, DOI 10.1037//0278-7393.28.1.233 Rodriguez-Fornells A, 2002, NEUROPSYCHOLOGIA, V40, P778, DOI 10.1016/S0028-3932(01)00188-9 BERG T, 1992, J PSYCHOLINGUIST RES, V21, P405 Schmitt BM, 2001, NEUROSCI RES, V41, P293, DOI 10.1016/S0168-0102(01)00286-3 Schmitt BM, 2001, J COGNITIVE NEUROSCI, V13, P510, DOI 10.1162/08989290152001925 Schmitt BM, 2000, PSYCHOPHYSIOLOGY, V37, P473, DOI 10.1017/S0048577200981782 Stemberger J. P., 1985, PROGR PSYCHOL LANGUA, V1, P143 Turennout M, 1998, Science, V280, P572, DOI 10.1126/science.280.5363.572 van Herten M, 2005, COGNITIVE BRAIN RES, V22, P241, DOI 10.1016/j.cogbrainres.2004.09.002 vanTurennout M, 1997, J EXP PSYCHOL LEARN, V23, P787, DOI 10.1037//0278-7393.23.4.787 van Turennout M, 1999, J PSYCHOLINGUIST RES, V28, P649, DOI 10.1023/A:1023221028150 VERLEGER R, 1988, BEHAV BRAIN SCI, V11, P343 NR 43 TC 6 Z9 6 PU PSYCHOLOGY PRESS PI HOVE PA 27 CHURCH RD, HOVE BN3 2FA, EAST SUSSEX, ENGLAND SN 0268-7038 J9 APHASIOLOGY JI Aphasiology PY 2007 VL 21 IS 12 BP 1147 EP 1156 DI 10.1080/02687030600646577 PG 10 WC Clinical Neurology SC Neurosciences & Neurology GA 237FW UT WOS:000251360600001 ER PT J AU Patricacou, A Psallida, E Pring, T Dipper, L AF Patricacou, Aggeliki Psallida, Eirini Pring, Tim Dipper, Lucy TI The Boston Naming Test in Greek: Normative data and the effects of age and education on naming SO APHASIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID TEST-PERFORMANCE; OLDER-ADULTS; SHORT FORMS; NORMS; POPULATION; VOCABULARY; APHASIA; GENDER; URBAN AB Background: The Boston Naming Test ( BNT) is widely used as a clinical assessment of language and cognitive deficits. It has been adapted and translated for use in other languages and cultures. Aims: This study translated and adapted the test for use in Greece. Normative data were collected on the test for healthy Greek speakers of different ages and educational backgrounds. Methods and Procedures: Participants in four different age ranges and with three levels of educational achievement were tested. They were screened for cognitive decline using a Greek version of the mini mental state examination. Outcomes and Results: Strong effects of age and education were found on naming. The former replicates previous results. Results on the latter have been less consistent and their occurrence here reflects the greater inequality in educational opportunity that has existed in Greece until comparatively recent times. Significant interactions between age, education, and gender are interpreted as reflecting changing social and gender roles in Greek society. A reordering of items reflecting their difficulty for this Greek sample is presented for clinical use. Conclusions: This study provides norms for a Greek version of the BNT. These highlight the effects of age and education on naming. Scores for many older and less-educated participants might be taken to indicate pathology despite their lack of neurological or cognitive problems. This illustrates the need for norms that reflect local circumstances and the need to update norms as social and educational changes occur. C1 City Univ London, London, England. RP Pring, T (reprint author), City Univ London, Dept Language & Commun Sci, Nothampton Square, London, England. EM T.R.Pring@city.ac.uk CR Allegri RF, 1997, CLIN NEUROPSYCHOL, V11, P416, DOI 10.1080/13854049708400471 Au R, 1995, AGING COGNITION, V2, P300, DOI 10.1080/13825589508256605 Barker-Collo SL, 2001, APHASIOLOGY, V15, P85, DOI 10.1080/02687040042000124 BOROD J C, 1980, Journal of Clinical Neuropsychology, V2, P209, DOI 10.1080/01688638008403793 Cheung RW, 2004, J INT NEUROPSYCH SOC, V10, P46, DOI 10.1017/S1355617704101069 COLOMBO FT, 1992, EUR REV APPL PSYCHOL, V42, P67 Connor L. T, 2004, J GERONTOL B-PSYCHOL, V59, P203 Cruice MN, 2000, APHASIOLOGY, V14, P143 FARMER A, 1990, APHASIOLOGY, V4, P293, DOI 10.1080/02687039008249081 Fastenau PS, 1998, J CLIN EXP NEUROPSYC, V20, P828, DOI 10.1076/jcen.20.6.828.1105 Fountoulakis K. N. ., 1994, ENCEPHALOS, V31, P93 Francis WN, 1982, FREQUENCY ANAL ENGLI Hawkins KA, 2002, APHASIOLOGY, V16, P1143, DOI 10.1080/02687030244000031 HAWKINS KA, 1993, ARCH CLIN NEUROPSYCH, V8, P525, DOI 10.1016/0887-6177(93)90053-4 Henderson LW, 1998, APHASIOLOGY, V12, P901, DOI 10.1080/02687039808249458 *I LANG SPEECH PRO, 2000, ATHENS Kaplan E, 1983, BOSTON NAMING TEST Kim HH, 1999, J CLIN EXP NEUROPSYC, V21, P127, DOI 10.1076/jcen.21.1.127.942 KOHN SE, 1985, BRAIN LANG, V24, P266, DOI 10.1016/0093-934X(85)90135-X LABARGE E, 1986, BRAIN LANG, V27, P380, DOI 10.1016/0093-934X(86)90026-X Lansing AE, 1999, ARCH CLIN NEUROPSYCH, V14, P481, DOI 10.1016/S0887-6177(98)00022-5 LICHTENBERG PA, 1994, CLIN NEUROPSYCHOL, V8, P109, DOI 10.1080/13854049408401548 Mack W. J., 1992, J GERONTOL, V47, P154 Marien P, 1998, BRAIN LANG, V65, P447, DOI 10.1006/brln.1998.2000 NEILS J, 1995, J SPEECH HEAR RES, V38, P1143 NICHOLAS LE, 1989, APHASIOLOGY, V3, P569, DOI 10.1080/02687038908249023 NICHOLAS M, 1985, CORTEX, V21, P595 Quinones-Ubeda S, 2004, NEUROLOGIA, V19, P248 Randolph C, 1999, ARCH CLIN NEUROPSYCH, V14, P489, DOI 10.1016/S0887-6177(98)00023-7 Roberts P. M., 2002, APHASIOLOGY, V16, P635, DOI DOI 10.1080/02687030244000220 ROSS TP, 1995, CLIN NEUROPSYCHOL, V9, P321, DOI 10.1080/13854049508400496 Ross TP, 1998, CLIN NEUROPSYCHOL, V12, P475, DOI 10.1076/clin.12.4.475.7244 ROSSELLI M, 1990, J CLIN EXP NEUROPSYC, V12, P313, DOI 10.1080/01688639008400977 Schmitter-Edgecombe M, 2000, ARCH CLIN NEUROPSYCH, V15, P479, DOI 10.1016/S0887-6177(99)00039-6 Tallberg IM, 2005, BRAIN LANG, V94, P19, DOI 10.1016/j.bandl.2004.11.004 Thompson L., 1989, CLIN NEUROPSYCHOL, V3, P184, DOI 10.1080/13854048908403291 Tombaugh TN, 1997, J CLIN EXP NEUROPSYC, V19, P922, DOI 10.1080/01688639708403773 VANGORP WG, 1986, J CLIN EXP NEUROPSYC, V8, P702, DOI 10.1080/01688638608405189 Welch LW, 1996, BRAIN LANG, V53, P260, DOI 10.1006/brln.1996.0047 WILLIAMS BW, 1989, NEUROPSYCHOLOGIA, V27, P1073, DOI 10.1016/0028-3932(89)90186-3 WORRALL LE, 1995, APHASIOLOGY, V9, P541, DOI 10.1080/02687039508248713 NR 41 TC 11 Z9 11 PU PSYCHOLOGY PRESS PI HOVE PA 27 CHURCH RD, HOVE BN3 2FA, EAST SUSSEX, ENGLAND SN 0268-7038 J9 APHASIOLOGY JI Aphasiology PY 2007 VL 21 IS 12 BP 1157 EP 1170 DI 10.1080/02687030600670643 PG 14 WC Clinical Neurology SC Neurosciences & Neurology GA 237FW UT WOS:000251360600002 ER PT J AU Barker-Collo, S AF Barker-Collo, Suzanne TI Boston naming test performance of older New Zealand adults SO APHASIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID NORMATIVE DATA AB Background: The Boston Naming Test (BNT) is the most commonly used confrontation-naming test in Anglophone countries. In a study of young New Zealand adults ( Barker-Collo, 2001) the average participant performed well below the mean of the most closely matched North American normative sample, and potentially culturally biased items were identified. Aims: The first aim of this study was to examine overall BNT performance in a sample of healthy older New Zealand adults when compared to available normative data. The second aim was to determine potential for cultural bias of individual items: the extent and pattern of errors produced by this sample is compared to that of previously published data from younger New Zealand adults, and from other countries ( e. g., Australia). Methods & Procedures: The 60-item BNT was administered to 20 healthy older New Zealand born adults (mean563.4; range=55-76 years). Total scores of the sample are compared to published age-referenced normative data, while the pattern of errors obtained is compared to a published data for New Zealand young adults and Australian and Canadian samples. Outcomes & Results: The results indicate that performance of the present sample fell within or above one standard deviation from the normative mean. The sample produced most of its errors on three BNT items ( pretzel, beaver, and protractor). Only 65% and 70% of the present sample made correct responses on the first two items, compared to 27.6% and 31% of young New Zealanders. That both samples performed worst on these two items suggests they may be culturally biased. Conclusions: It is suggested that the better overall performance of the present sample may have been due to sample characteristics ( e. g., high level of education). Items likely to reflect cultural bias (i.e., beaver, pretzel) are identified. Items previously found to impact performance of young New Zealanders that did not negatively impact the present sample ( e. g., globe), may reflect cohort effects, or the highly educated nature of the sample. C1 Univ Auckland, Auckland 1, New Zealand. RP Barker-Collo, S (reprint author), Univ Auckland, Dept Psychol, Private Bag 92019, Auckland 1, New Zealand. EM s.barker-collo@auckland.ac.nz CR Barker-Collo SL, 2001, APHASIOLOGY, V15, P85, DOI 10.1080/02687040042000124 Beatty W W, 1989, J Geriatr Psychiatry Neurol, V2, P145, DOI 10.1177/089198878900200305 Cruice MN, 2000, APHASIOLOGY, V14, P143 FARMER A, 1990, APHASIOLOGY, V4, P293, DOI 10.1080/02687039008249081 JORDAN F M, 1992, Brain Injury, V6, P39, DOI 10.3109/02699059209008120 Kaplan E, 1983, BOSTON NAMING TEST Katz RC, 2000, INT J LANG COMM DIS, V35, P303 Kim HH, 1999, J CLIN EXP NEUROPSYC, V21, P127, DOI 10.1076/jcen.21.1.127.942 KOHN SE, 1985, BRAIN LANG, V27, P380 LABARGE E, 1986, BRAIN LANG, V27, P380, DOI 10.1016/0093-934X(86)90026-X LEZAK MD, 1995, NEUROPSYCHOLOGICAL A LINDMAN KK, 1996, GENDER DIFFERNECES D MARGOLIN DI, 1990, J CLIN EXP NEUROPSYC, V12, P597, DOI 10.1080/01688639008401004 Marien P, 1998, BRAIN LANG, V65, P447, DOI 10.1006/brln.1998.2000 POZZEBON M, 1990, MELBOURNE PAPERS APP, V2, P19 SANDSON J, 1984, NEUROPSYCHOLOGIA, V22, P715, DOI 10.1016/0028-3932(84)90098-8 Spreen O., 1998, COMPENDIUM NEUROPSYC Tombaugh TN, 1997, J CLIN EXP NEUROPSYC, V19, P922, DOI 10.1080/01688639708403773 Welch LW, 1996, BRAIN LANG, V53, P260, DOI 10.1006/brln.1996.0047 WORRALL LE, 1995, APHASIOLOGY, V9, P541, DOI 10.1080/02687039508248713 NR 20 TC 1 Z9 1 PU PSYCHOLOGY PRESS PI HOVE PA 27 CHURCH RD, HOVE BN3 2FA, EAST SUSSEX, ENGLAND SN 0268-7038 J9 APHASIOLOGY JI Aphasiology PY 2007 VL 21 IS 12 BP 1171 EP 1180 DI 10.1080/02687030600821600 PG 10 WC Clinical Neurology SC Neurosciences & Neurology GA 237FW UT WOS:000251360600003 ER PT J AU Douglas, JM Bracy, CA Snow, PC AF Douglas, Jacinta M. Bracy, Christine A. Snow, Pamela C. TI Exploring the factor structure of the La Trobe communication questionnaire: Insights into the nature of communication deficits following traumatic brain injury SO APHASIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID CLOSED HEAD-INJURY; ORBITOFRONTAL CORTEX; DISCOURSE ASSESSMENT; EXECUTIVE FUNCTIONS; ADULTS; COMPETENCE; EXPERIENCE; ABILITIES; AWARENESS AB Background: Self and close other reports of communication ability can provide a time-efficient means of evaluating conversational discourse after traumatic brain injury ( TBI). The La Trobe Communication Questionnaire (LCQ) measures perceived communication ability from various sources including self-perceptions and perceptions of others. Content and test-retest reliability and discriminant validity of the LCQ have been demonstrated previously with adults following TBI. Aims: This study was undertaken to explore the factor structure of the LCQ as revealed within the data collected from 88 adults with severe TBI and their close others. Methods & Procedures: Construct validity was examined using a Principal Component Factor Analytic procedure with Varimax rotation. Outcomes & Results: A seven-factor structure that accounted for 60.88% of the variance was revealed. Of the LCQ items, 27 clearly loaded on to one of the seven communication factors that were identified. Conclusions: The factor structure that emerged depicts the multidimensional nature of conversation and the complex interplay between cognitive and communication processes that social discourse demands. These results support the construct validity of the LCQ and indicate that it can be used as a reliable and valid measure of communication ability after severe TBI. C1 La Trobe Univ, Bundoora, Vic, Australia. RP Douglas, JM (reprint author), La Trobe Univ, Sch Human Commun Sci, Bundoora, Vic 3086, Australia. EM J.Douglas@latrobe.edu.au RI Douglas, Jacinta/C-2380-2009 CR American Speech-Language-Hearing Association, 1988, ASHA, V30, P79 Bracy C., 2005, BRAIN IMPAIR, V6, P1, DOI 10.1375/brim.6.1.1.65476 BRYANT FB, 1995, READING MULTIVARIATE Coelho C. A., 2002, APHASIOLOGY, V16, P659, DOI 10.1080/02687030244000275 Coelho CA, 1991, J HEAD TRAUMA REHAB, V6, P92, DOI 10.1097/00001199-199106000-00011 COELHO CA, 1995, BRAIN INJURY, V9, P471, DOI 10.3109/02699059509008206 COELHO CA, 1999, COMMUNICATION DISORD, P55 Corrigan JD, 1998, ARCH PHYS MED REHAB, V79, P298, DOI 10.1016/S0003-9993(98)90010-7 Damico J. S., 1985, COMMUNICATION SKILLS, P165 Douglas J., 2004, EVIDENCE BASED PRACT DOUGLAS J, IN PRESS J HEAD TRAU Douglas JM, 2000, APHASIOLOGY, V14, P251 Fleming JM, 1996, BRAIN INJURY, V10, P1 Galski T, 1998, BRAIN INJURY, V12, P769, DOI 10.1080/026990598122160 GARSON GD, 2005, STATNOTES ONLINE TXB Godfrey H.P.D., 1993, J CLIN EXP PSYCHOL, V15, P530 Goldstein G, 1995, INT J REHABILITATION, V1, P25, DOI 10.1007/BF02214959 Grafman J, 1999, LANCET, V354, P1921, DOI 10.1016/S0140-6736(99)90438-5 Grice P., 1975, SYNTAX SEMANTICS, V3, P41 Hagen C, 1984, LANGUAGE DISORDERS A, P245 Hartley LL., 1995, COGNITIVE COMMUNICAT HARTLEY LL, 1990, APHASIOLOGY, V4, P353, DOI 10.1080/02687039008249088 Hutcheson G. D., 1999, MULTIVARIATE SOCIAL HARTLEY L L, 1991, Brain Injury, V5, P267, DOI 10.3109/02699059109008097 Kreutzer JS, 1999, NEUROBEHAVIORAL FUNC Kringelbach ML, 2005, NAT REV NEUROSCI, V6, P691, DOI 10.1038/nrn1747 Lawley D. N., 1971, FACTOR ANAL STAT MET LEVIN H, 1994, J NEUROPSYCH CLIN N, V6, P443 LILES BZ, 1989, J SPEECH HEAR DISORD, V54, P356 MCDONALD S, 1993, BRAIN LANG, V44, P28, DOI 10.1006/brln.1993.1003 MCDONALD S, 2002, AWARNESS SOCIAL INFE McDonald S, 1996, BRAIN LANG, V53, P81, DOI 10.1006/brln.1996.0038 MCDONALD S, 1993, APHASIOLOGY, V7, P535, DOI 10.1080/02687039308248629 McNeill-Brown D., 1997, INT PERSPECTIVES TRA, P247 Miller EK, 2000, NAT REV NEUROSCI, V1, P59, DOI 10.1038/35036228 NOWICKI S, 1993, J SOC PSYCHOL, V133, P749 OFlaherty CA, 1997, APHASIOLOGY, V11, P889, DOI 10.1080/02687039708250463 Olver JH, 1996, BRAIN INJURY, V10, P841, DOI 10.1080/026990596123945 PRIGATANO GP, 1985, LANG SCI, V1, P217 PRIGATANO GP, 1990, ARCH PHYS MED REHAB, V71, P1058 Prigatano GP, 1986, NEUROPSYCHOL REHABIL, P1 MENTIS M, 1991, J SPEECH HEAR RES, V34, P583 Reilly S., 2004, EVIDENCE BASED PRACT Rolls ET, 1999, NEUROCASE, V5, P301, DOI 10.1080/13554799908411984 SARNO MT, 1980, J NERV MENT DIS, V168, P685, DOI 10.1097/00005053-198011000-00008 Snow P, 1997, BRAIN INJURY, V11, P409 Snow P, 1998, BRAIN INJURY, V12, P911, DOI 10.1080/026990598121981 SNOW P, 1995, APHASIOLOGY, V9, P365, DOI 10.1080/02687039508248210 Snow PC, 1999, APHASIOLOGY, V13, P529 Snow PC, 2000, BRAIN INJURY, V14, P397 Stuss DT, 1998, J INT NEUROPSYCH SOC, V4, P265 Tabachnik BG, 2001, USING MULTIVARIATE S Togher L, 2000, APHASIOLOGY, V14, P365, DOI 10.1080/026870300401414 Togher L, 1997, BRAIN INJURY, V11, P169, DOI 10.1080/026990597123629 VANZOMEREN AH, 1985, J NEUROL NEUROSUR PS, V48, P21, DOI 10.1136/jnnp.48.1.21 Watts AJ, 2006, APHASIOLOGY, V20, P707, DOI 10.1080/02687030500489953 Ylvisaker M., 2001, LANGUAGE INTERVENTIO NR 57 TC 15 Z9 16 PU PSYCHOLOGY PRESS PI HOVE PA 27 CHURCH RD, HOVE BN3 2FA, EAST SUSSEX, ENGLAND SN 0268-7038 J9 APHASIOLOGY JI Aphasiology PY 2007 VL 21 IS 12 BP 1181 EP 1194 DI 10.1080/02687030600980950 PG 14 WC Clinical Neurology SC Neurosciences & Neurology GA 237FW UT WOS:000251360600004 ER PT J AU Ballard, KJ Maas, E Robin, DA AF Ballard, Kirrie J. Maas, Edwin Robin, Donald A. TI Treating control of voicing in apraxia of speech with variable practice SO APHASIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE motor learning; variable practice; voice onset time; apraxia of speech ID GENERALIZED MOTOR PROGRAM; SCHEMA THEORY; ONSET TIME; BROCAS APHASIA; SPEAKING RATE; FRICATIVES; ENGLISH; PERCEPTION; ERRORLESS; THERAPY AB Background: Apraxia of speech (AOS) is generally considered a phonetic-motoric disorder. As such, it is reasonable to draw on the motor learning literature to develop interventions for improving articulation. The often cited problem of impaired voicing control is used to test the application of a variable practice approach to training skilled movements in AOS. It is predicted that variable practice-practising a behaviour over a range of possible values or contexts-increases accuracy and stability of a trained behaviour. Aims: The aims of the study were to test the influence of variable practice conditions on acquisition and long-term maintenance of voiced and voiceless phonemes in words at the phrase/sentence level as well as on generalisation of treatment effects to phonemes of same and different manner. The protocol was tested on two individuals with moderate AOS, one of whom exhibited a concomitant moderate aphasia. Methods & Procedures: A single subject multiple baseline across-subjects design was used to examine efficacy of treatment for improving control of voicing for three fricative/affricate phonemes ( Participant 1) or three plosive phonemes ( Participant 2). The training sets included two voiced phonemes and one voiceless phoneme, each presented in the initial position of 10 different words. This provided a range of voice onset times and a range of phonetic contexts for each target phoneme, thus providing the variable practice. The inclusion of a voiceless phoneme that was produced at a high level of accuracy during baseline was hypothesised to reduce the chance of overgeneralisation from voiced to voiceless phoneme production. Outcomes & Results: Consistent with predictions, participants demonstrated improved production of trained voiced phonemes and generalisation of treatment effects to untrained phonemes of same manner only. These effects were maintained up to 3 parallel in a variety of phonetic contexts ( i. e., variable practice) as well as including a combination of voiced and voiceless phonemes in treatment to ensure maintenance of accurate voiceless phoneme production. Conclusions: Results from two participants, varying in overall communication impairment severity, provide promising evidence that a variable practice approach to retraining speech behaviours in AOS is effective. Specifically, this approach resulted in long-term maintenance of treatment effects and generalisation of treatment effects to untrained phonemes within manner class. Just as importantly, it did not result in overgeneralisation of voicing to voiceless phonemes. Further testing is required before recommending general clinical application. C1 Univ Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242 USA. Univ Sydney, Lidcombe, NSW, Australia. San Diego State Univ, San Diego, CA 92182 USA. Univ Calif San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA. Boston Univ, Boston, MA 02215 USA. MIT, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA. Univ Texas Hlth Sci Ctr San Antonio, San Antonio, TX USA. RP Ballard, KJ (reprint author), Univ Sydney, Sch Commun Sci & Disorder, E St, Sydney, NSW 2141, Australia. EM k.ballard@usyd.edu.au RI Robin, Donald/F-2109-2010; Ballard, Kirrie/F-9558-2011 CR Auzou P, 2000, CLIN LINGUIST PHONET, V14, P131 Ballard KJ, 2001, J COMMUN DISORD, V34, P3, DOI 10.1016/S0021-9924(00)00038-1 Ballard KJ, 2000, APHASIOLOGY, V14, P969 Clark HM, 1998, APHASIOLOGY, V12, P699, DOI 10.1080/02687039808249567 CODE C, 1982, J PHONETICS, V10, P325 Code C, 1998, CLIN LINGUIST PHONET, V12, P47, DOI 10.3109/02699209808985212 DABUL BL, 2000, APROXIA BATTERY ADUL Duffy J.R, 2005, MOTOR SPEECH DISORDE Fillingham JK, 2005, APHASIOLOGY, V19, P597, DOI 10.1080/02687030544000272 Fillingham JK, 2003, NEUROPSYCHOL REHABIL, V13, P337, DOI 10.1080/09602010343000020 Guenther FH, 2006, BRAIN LANG, V96, P280, DOI 10.1016/j.bandl.2005.06.001 Guenther FH, 1998, PSYCHOL REV, V105, P611 GUENTHER FH, 2004, SPEECH MOTOR CONTROL HOWARD S, 1995, EUR J DISORDER COMM, V30, P246 Jongman A, 2000, J ACOUST SOC AM, V108, P1252, DOI 10.1121/1.1288413 Katz WF, 1999, J SPEECH LANG HEAR R, V42, P1355 KERTSEZ A, 1982, W APHASIA BATTERY Kessinger RH, 1997, J PHONETICS, V25, P143, DOI 10.1006/jpho.1996.0039 Kessinger RH, 1998, J PHONETICS, V26, P117, DOI 10.1006/jpho.1997.0069 KLAPP ST, 1995, J EXP PSYCHOL HUMAN, V21, P1015, DOI 10.1037//0096-1523.21.5.1015 KLUENDER KR, 1992, PERCEPT PSYCHOPHYS, V51, P328, DOI 10.3758/BF03211626 Knock TR, 2000, APHASIOLOGY, V14, P653 LISKER L, 1964, WORD, V20, P384 MAAS E, IN PRESS AM J SPEECH McNeil M., 1976, CLIN APHASIOLOGY C P, P151 McNeil MR, 1997, CLIN MANAGEMENT SENS, P311 MCREYNOLDS LV, 1983, SINGLE PARTICIPANT E Pirello K, 1997, J ACOUST SOC AM, V101, P3754, DOI 10.1121/1.418334 RAYMER AM, 1991, CLIN APHASIOLOGY, V20, P285 Robey RR, 1999, APHASIOLOGY, V13, P445 Rogers MA, 1999, APHASIOLOGY, V13, P793 RUBOW RT, 1982, ARCH PHYS MED REHAB, V63, P150 Schmidt R, 2005, MOTOR CONTROL LEARNI Schmidt RA, 2003, RES Q EXERCISE SPORT, V74, P366 SCHMIDT RA, 1975, PSYCHOL REV, V82, P225, DOI 10.1037/h0076770 Shea CH, 2005, J MOTOR BEHAV, V37, P85, DOI 10.3200/JMBR.37.2.85-102 Shea CH, 2001, J MOTOR BEHAV, V33, P139 STEVENS KN, 1992, J ACOUST SOC AM, V91, P2979, DOI 10.1121/1.402933 TRYON WW, 1982, J APPL BEHAV ANAL, V15, P423, DOI 10.1901/jaba.1982.15-423 Van Riper C., 1958, VOICE ARTICULATION VARLEY R, 2005, WHOLE WORD THERAPY A Wambaugh JL, 1998, APHASIOLOGY, V12, P731, DOI 10.1080/02687039808249569 WAMBAUGH JL, 2006, MED J SPEECH LANGUAG, V14, P15 Wambaugh JL, 1998, J SPEECH LANG HEAR R, V41, P725 Wambaugh JL, 1999, APHASIOLOGY, V13, P821 WAMBAUGH JL, 1998, TREATMENT AOS PERCEP Wertz RT, 1984, APRAXIA SPEECH ADULT WULF G, 1993, J EXP PSYCHOL LEARN, V19, P1134 Wulf G, 1997, J EXP PSYCHOL LEARN, V23, P987, DOI 10.1037//0278-7393.23.4.987 Young L. C., 1941, ANN MATH STAT, V12, P153 NR 50 TC 21 Z9 21 PU PSYCHOLOGY PRESS PI HOVE PA 27 CHURCH RD, HOVE BN3 2FA, EAST SUSSEX, ENGLAND SN 0268-7038 J9 APHASIOLOGY JI Aphasiology PY 2007 VL 21 IS 12 BP 1195 EP 1217 DI 10.1080/02687030601047858 PG 23 WC Clinical Neurology SC Neurosciences & Neurology GA 237FW UT WOS:000251360600005 ER PT J AU Jones, DK Pierce, RS Mahoney, M Smeach, K AF Jones, Doreen Krackenfels Pierce, Robert S. Mahoney, Molly Smeach, Kim TI Effect of familiar content on paragraph comprehension in aphasia SO APHASIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID LANGUAGE COMPREHENSION; PRIOR KNOWLEDGE; WORKING-MEMORY; TEXT; PERFORMANCE; WORLD AB Background: Previous research has shown that context improves aphasic individuals' auditory comprehension. The specific contextual information that has been identified as beneficial includes semantic constraints, semantic plausibility, both predictive and non-predictive information, and familiar topics. However, context can also include familiar content such as the names of relatives, friends, local schools, and local stores. Aims: The purpose of the present study was to assess the influence of familiar content on comprehension in individuals with aphasia. Specifically, it assessed whether individuals with aphasia answer questions about paragraphs more accurately when the paragraphs contain familiar content than when they do not. Methods & Procedures: Eleven participants with aphasia and eleven participants without brain damage listened to short paragraphs that differed in the familiarity of the content included. In half of the paragraphs, the people and places were generic and not known specifically by the participants. In the other half, the people and places were known by the participants ( as provided by a spouse or other close individual). Approximately half of the subsequent questions asked of the participants related to this targeted information and half related to other, more generic, information in the paragraphs. Outcomes & Results: The questions relating to the paragraphs with the familiar content were answered more accurately than were the questions relating to the paragraphs with neutral content. For the participants with aphasia, this result occurred for the questions relating to both the targeted ( and thus familiar) information and the non-targeted or neutral information. The extent to which each participant with aphasia benefited from the familiar content did not relate to age, education, time-post- onset, or comprehension and naming skills. Conclusions: These results suggest that familiar content may be another type of context that enhances comprehension skills in individuals with aphasia. The results are interpreted with respect to attention and domain knowledge concepts. C1 Kent State Univ, Kent, OH 44242 USA. Westminster Thurber Community Nursing Home, Columbus, OH USA. Breckenridge Village Nursing Home, Willoughby, OH USA. RP Jones, DK (reprint author), Kent State Univ, Sch Pathol & Audiol, Kent, OH 44242 USA. EM dkracken@kent.edu CR CARAMAZZA A, 1976, BRAIN LANG, V3, P572, DOI 10.1016/0093-934X(76)90048-1 CLARK A, 1987, CLIN APHASIOLOGY, P174 DELOCHE G, 1981, BRAIN LANG, V14, P57, DOI 10.1016/0093-934X(81)90064-X ERICSSON KA, 1995, PSYCHOL REV, V102, P211, DOI 10.1037//0033-295X.102.2.211 FINCHERKIEFER R, 1988, J MEM LANG, V27, P416, DOI 10.1016/0749-596X(88)90065-4 Goodglass H, 1983, ASSESSMENT APHASIA R, V2nd GRAY L, 1977, CLIN APH C P MINN MN, P265 Hambrick DZ, 2002, COGNITIVE PSYCHOL, V44, P339, DOI 10.1006/cogp.2001.0769 Helm-Estabrooks N, 2004, MANUAL APHASIA APHAS, V2nd HOUGH MS, 1989, BRAIN LANG, V36, P325, DOI 10.1016/0093-934X(89)90069-2 HUFF FJ, 1986, J CLIN EXP NEUROPSYC, V8, P556, DOI 10.1080/01688638608405175 Kaplan E, 1983, BOSTON NAMING TEST Kintsch W., 1998, COMPREHENSION PARADI RECHT DR, 1988, J EDUC PSYCHOL, V80, P16, DOI 10.1037/0022-0663.80.1.16 LI EC, 1995, J COMMUN DISORD, V28, P39, DOI 10.1016/0021-9924(95)91023-Z Miller LMS, 2001, AGING NEUROPSYCHOL C, V8, P137 MORAVCSIK JE, 1995, READING LANGUAGE PRO, P232 Murray Laura L., 2002, Seminars in Speech and Language, V23, P107, DOI 10.1055/s-2002-24987 PIERCE RS, 1988, APHASIOLOGY, V2, P577, DOI 10.1080/02687038808248968 PIERCE RS, 1985, J COMMUN DISORD, V18, P203, DOI 10.1016/0021-9924(85)90021-8 PIERCE RS, 1985, J SPEECH HEAR RES, V28, P250 Spilich G. J., 1979, J VERB LEARN VERB BE, V22, P231 Van Overschelde JP, 2001, J EXP PSYCHOL LEARN, V27, P1160, DOI 10.1037//0278-7393.27.5.1160 Walker C. H., 1987, COGNITION INSTRUCT, V4, P25, DOI 10.1207/s1532690xci0401_2 WALLACE GL, 1985, J SPEECH HEAR DISORD, V50, P385 WALLER MR, 1978, J SPEECH HEAR RES, V21, P732 WRIGHT H, 2004, APHASIOLOGY, P555 Zwaan RA, 1998, PSYCHOL BULL, V123, P162, DOI 10.1037/0033-2909.123.2.162 NR 28 TC 1 Z9 1 PU PSYCHOLOGY PRESS PI HOVE PA 27 CHURCH RD, HOVE BN3 2FA, EAST SUSSEX, ENGLAND SN 0268-7038 J9 APHASIOLOGY JI Aphasiology PY 2007 VL 21 IS 12 BP 1218 EP 1229 DI 10.1080/02687030600790193 PG 12 WC Clinical Neurology SC Neurosciences & Neurology GA 237FW UT WOS:000251360600006 ER PT J AU Katz, WF Carter, GC Levitt, JS AF Katz, William F. Carter, Gregory C. Levitt, June S. TI Treating buccofacial apraxia using augmented kinematic feedback SO APHASIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID SIMPLE MOTOR-SKILLS; LIMB APRAXIA; SPEECH; APHASIA; KNOWLEDGE; MODEL; ARTICULATION; RETENTION; MOVEMENT; SCHEMA AB Background: Buccofacial apraxia ( BFA) may be defined as the inability to perform voluntary movements of the larynx, pharynx, mandible, tongue, lips, and cheeks, while automatic or reflexive control of these structures is preserved. BFA frequently co-occurs with aphasia and apraxia of speech (AOS). The treatment and management of BFA has received little emphasis in the clinical literature. However, recent studies suggest that principles of motor learning may provide an improved means of treating a variety of apraxic disorders, including limb apraxia and AOS. Also, research in our laboratory has suggested that augmented ( or extrinsic) feedback provided by an electromagnetic articulograph (EMA) system may lead to improved remediation of place-of-articulation errors in talkers with aphasia and AOS. Taken together, the data suggest that treatment based on motor training principles, including the use of augmented kinematic feedback, may be beneficial to individuals with BFA. Aims: The aims of the present study were to explore whether BFA may be successfully treated with direct (restitutive) methods, and whether augmented kinematic feedback improves therapy effectiveness and maintenance. Methods & Procedures: An ABA design with follow-up probes 6 weeks post-treatment was used to investigate two types of treatment for non-verbal oral errors produced by an individual with BFA. Over a 1-month period, the participant received structured motor practice for a set of oral gestures (" bite your upper lip'', " bite your lower lip''), and motor practice with EMA augmented feedback for a third oral gesture (" touch your upper lip and your lower lip, using your tongue''). Nine untrained oral motor behaviours were also probed throughout the experiment. The sessions were videotaped and later scored by two independent examiners who were unaware of the nature of the experiment. Outcomes & Results: The main findings were ( 1) a mixed pattern of improvement with no lasting maintenance for the gestures treated with structured motor therapy, and ( 2) consistent improvement with maintenance at 6 weeks post-treatment for the gesture treated with augmented feedback therapy. In general, the observed gains were treatment specific, although possible cases of positive and negative stimulus were also observed. Conclusions: Augmented feedback provided by an EMA system appears to provide improved treatment effectiveness and maintenance compared to structured motor practice. However, the current preliminary findings should be tested with additional controls and more subjects before any strong conclusions are drawn. C1 Univ Texas Dallas, Callier Ctr Commun Disorders, Dallas, TX 75235 USA. Univ Texas SW Med Ctr Dallas, Dallas, TX USA. RP Katz, WF (reprint author), Univ Texas Dallas, Callier Ctr Commun Disorders, 1966 Inwood Rd, Dallas, TX 75235 USA. EM wkatz@utdallas.edu CR Ballard KJ, 2003, APHASIOLOGY, V17, P37, DOI 10.1080/02687030244000482 Ballard KJ, 2000, APHASIOLOGY, V14, P969 Bizzozero I, 2000, BRAIN, V123, P2213, DOI 10.1093/brain/123.11.2213 Buxbaum LJ, 2000, BRAIN COGNITION, V44, P166, DOI 10.1006/brcg.2000.1227 CODE C, 1986, BRIT J DISORD COMMUN, V21, P11 Cohen J., 1988, STAT POWER ANAL BEHA, V2nd CUBELLI R, 1991, COGNITIVE NEUROPSYCH, V8, P369, DOI 10.1080/02643299108253378 Cubelli R, 2000, BRAIN COGNITION, V44, P144, DOI 10.1006/brcg.2000.1226 Dabul B, 2000, APRAXIA BATTERY ADUL, V2nd Dabul B. L., 1979, APRAXIA BATTERY ADUL De Renzi E., 1966, CORTEX, V2, P50 DERENZI E, 1980, ARCH NEUROL-CHICAGO, V37, P6 Dronkers NF, 1996, NATURE, V384, P159, DOI 10.1038/384159a0 Enderby P. M., 1983, FRENCHAY DYSARTHRIA GESCHWIND N, 1985, HDB CLIN NEUROLOGY, P159 GESCHWIND N, 1975, AM SCI, V63, P188 Goodglass H., 2000, ASSESSMENT APHASIA R JACKSON JH, 1932, SELECTED WRITINGS J, V2, P153 Kaplan E, 1983, BOSTON NAMING TEST Katz WF, 2002, BRAIN LANG, V83, P187 Katz WF, 1999, J SPEECH LANG HEAR R, V42, P1355 Katz WF, 2000, J PHONETICS, V28, P313, DOI 10.1006/jpho.2000.0118 Kromrey JD, 1996, J EXP EDUC, V65, P73 LANDIS JR, 1977, BIOMETRICS, V33, P159, DOI 10.2307/2529310 LANGE J, 1936, HDB NEUROLOGIE, V6, P885 LAPOINTE LL, 1974, PERCEPT MOTOR SKILL, V39, P39 LAVERY JJ, 1962, PERCEPT MOTOR SKILL, V15, P231 LAVERY JJ, 1962, CAN J PSYCHOLOGY, V16, P300, DOI 10.1037/h0083257 LIEPMANN H, 1908, DREI AUFSATZE APRAXI, V1 Liepmann H, 1900, MON PSYCHIATR NEUROL, V8, P15 Maher L.M., 1997, APRAXIA NEUROPSYCHOL, P75 Maher L.M., 1991, AM SPEECH HEAR ASS, V33, P195 McNeil MR, 1997, CLIN MANAGEMENT SENS, P311 MCNEIL MR, 2000, APHASIA LANGUAGE THE, P221 Ochipa C., 1995, J INT NEUROPSYCH SOC, V2, P149 Pilgrim E., 1994, COGNITIVE NEUROPSYCH, P271 POECK K, 1975, CEREBRAL LOCALIZATIO, P98 RAADE AS, 1991, BRAIN COGNITION, V16, P130, DOI 10.1016/0278-2626(91)90002-P ROTHI LJG, 1991, COGNITIVE NEUROPSYCH, V8, P443, DOI 10.1080/02643299108253382 SALMONI AW, 1984, PSYCHOL BULL, V95, P355, DOI 10.1037//0033-2909.95.3.355 SCHMIDT RA, 1991, NATO ADV SCI I D-BEH, V62, P59 Schmidt RA, 1976, MOTOR CONTROL ISSUES, P41 Schmidt RA, 1999, MOTOR CONTROL LEARNI SCHMIDT RA, 1975, PSYCHOL REV, V82, P225, DOI 10.1037/h0076770 SHERWOOD DE, 1988, PERCEPT MOTOR SKILL, V66, P267 Smania N, 2000, ARCH PHYS MED REHAB, V81, P379, DOI 10.1053/mr.2000.6921 Square P. A., 1997, APRAXIA NEUROPSYCHOL, P173 SQUARESTORER P, 1989, ACQUIRED APRAXIA SPE, P20 van der Merwe A, 1997, COMSIG '97 - PROCEEDINGS OF THE 1997 SOUTH AFRICAN SYMPOSIUM ON COMMUNICATIONS AND SIGNAL PROCESSING, P1 WAMBAUGH JL, 1999, APHASIOLOGY, V9, P821 Ziegler W, 2003, APHASIOLOGY, V17, P3, DOI 10.1080/02687030244000554 NR 51 TC 1 Z9 1 PU PSYCHOLOGY PRESS PI HOVE PA 27 CHURCH RD, HOVE BN3 2FA, EAST SUSSEX, ENGLAND SN 0268-7038 J9 APHASIOLOGY JI Aphasiology PY 2007 VL 21 IS 12 BP 1230 EP 1247 DI 10.1080/02687030600591161 PG 18 WC Clinical Neurology SC Neurosciences & Neurology GA 237FW UT WOS:000251360600007 ER PT J AU Rose, M Douglas, J AF Rose, Miranda Douglas, Jacinta TI A comparison of verbal and gesture treatments for a word production deficit resulting from acquired apraxia of speech SO APHASIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID SOUND PRODUCTION TREATMENT; LEXICAL ACCESS; APHASIA; SPEAKERS AB Background: Acquired apraxia of a speech (AOS) is a commonly encountered word production deficit following stroke. The efficacy of treatments for AOS is the subject of several recent studies. Evidence is mounting that verbal-based treatment methods result in improved production of treated phonemes in trained contexts (Schneider & Frens, 2005; Wambaugh et al., 1998; Wambaugh & Martinez, 2000; Wambaugh et al., 1999; Wambaugh & Nessler, 2004). Alternatively, arm and hand gestures have previously been suggested as a possible useful treatment method/modality for AOS (Rao, 2001; Skelly et al., 1974; Wertz et al., 1984), and multi-modality treatments are often considered more efficacious than single-modality treatments, but there is minimal empirical evidence to support these suggestions. Speech-language pathologists have little evidence on which to base their choice of gesture or verbal treatment methods. Such evidence is vital for ensuring treatment efficiency in clinical environments where total treatment times are reducing. Aims: This study aimed to investigate the relative efficacy of gesture, verbal, and combined verbal plus gesture treatments for a patient with chronic moderate acquired apraxia of speech. Methods & Procedures: AS, a 52-year-old male, participated in the study. AS sustained a single left fronto-temporal stroke 60 months prior to the study, which resulted in Broca's aphasia and a moderate apraxia of speech. AS participated in a controlled multiple-baseline single-case experiment comparing the efficacy of the three treatments for the production of multi-syllable words and words containing double and triple consonant clusters. Outcomes & Results: Large, statistically significant, and clinically relevant treatment effects were found for all three treatment conditions and there were no significant differences between conditions. Improvements made in word production were maintained at both the 1-month and 3-month follow-up assessments. Generalisation of enhanced word production was found for trained sounds and clusters to untreated words and to conversation. Conclusions: The results caution clinicians to question the superiority of multi-modal treatments for acquired apraxia of speech. Consistent with our previous work (Rose & Douglas, 2001, in press; Rose et al., 2002), it is suggested that the underlying treatment strategy-in this case, knowledge about phoneme place and manner of production-is a more potent factor in treatment outcome than the modality (gesture versus verbal) in which the strategy is presented. The suggestions recently made in the AOS literature to incorporate multiple sound targets in a session, blocked versus random order of practice, and complex stimuli all gained support from results of the current study. C1 La Trobe Univ, Bundoora, Vic 3083, Australia. RP Rose, M (reprint author), La Trobe Univ, Sch Human Commun Sci, Melbourne, Vic 3086, Australia. EM M.Rose@latrobe.edu.au RI Douglas, Jacinta/C-2380-2009 CR Aichert I, 2004, BRAIN LANG, V88, P148, DOI 10.1016/S0093-934X(03)00296-7 Anderson John Robert, 1990, COGNITIVE PSYCHOL IT Ballard KJ, 2000, APHASIOLOGY, V14, P969 Brickenkamp R., 1981, TEST D2 CONCENTRATIO Busk P., 1992, SINGLE CASE RES DESI, P197 Code C, 2001, BRAIN LANG, V77, P25, DOI 10.1006/brln.2000.2420 CODE C, 1986, BRIT J DISORD COMMUN, V21, P11 Dabul B. L., 1979, APRAXIA BATTERY ADUL Dell GS, 1997, PSYCHOL REV, V104, P801, DOI 10.1037/0033-295X.104.4.801 Frattali C. M., 1998, MEASURING OUTCOMES S Hadar U, 1997, SEMIOTICA, V115, P147, DOI 10.1515/semi.1997.115.1-2.147 Helm-Estabrooks N., 1992, TEST ORAL LIMB APRAX Hillis AE, 2004, BRAIN, V127, P1479, DOI 10.1093/brain/awh172 Hinckley JJ, 1998, APHASIOLOGY, V12, P989, DOI 10.1080/02687039808249465 Hoodin R., 1983, CLIN APHASIOLOGY C P, P62 Howard D., 1992, PYRAMIDS PALM TREES Kay J., 1992, PSYCHOLINGUISTIC ASS Kertesz A., 1982, W APHASIA BATTERY Knock TR, 2000, APHASIOLOGY, V14, P653 Krauss R., 1999, GESTURE SPEECH SIGN, P93 Kucera H., 1982, FREQUENCY ANAL ENGLI Levelt WJM, 1999, BEHAV BRAIN SCI, V22, P1 Maas E., 2002, APHASIOLOGY, V6, P609, DOI 10.1080/02687030244000266 Matyas TA, 1996, DESIGN ANAL SINGLE C, P215 McNeil MR, 1997, CLIN MANAGEMENT SENS, P311 McReynolds L. V., 1983, SINGLE SUBJECT EXPT Nickels L, 2002, APHASIOLOGY, V16, P935, DOI 10.1080/02687030244000563 Passy J, 1990, CUED ARTICULATION Patterson K. E., 1987, COGNITIVE NEUROPSYCH RAMSBERGER G, 1989, CLIN APHASIOLOGY, V18, P395 RAO P, 2001, LANGUAGE INTERVENTIO, P688 Rapp B, 2000, PSYCHOL REV, V107, P460, DOI 10.1037/0033-295X.107.3.460 Raven J. C., 1995, COLOURED PROGR MATRI RAYMER AM, 1991, CLIN APHASIOLOGY, V20, P285 Robey RR, 1998, J SPEECH LANG HEAR R, V41, P172 Rose M, 2002, APHASIOLOGY, V16, P1001, DOI 10.1080/02687030143000825 Rose M, 2001, APHASIOLOGY, V15, P977 ROSE M, IN PRESS APHASIOLOGY Schmidt RA, 1999, MOTOR CONTROL LEARNI Schneider SL, 1996, APHASIOLOGY, V10, P297, DOI 10.1080/02687039608248414 Schneider SL, 2005, APHASIOLOGY, V19, P451, DOI 10.1080/02687030444000886 SKELLY M, 1974, J SPEECH HEAR DISORD, V39, P445 THORNDIKE EL, 1944, TEACHERS WORK BOOK 3 VANRIPER C, 1938, SPEECH CORRECTION PR WAHRBORG P, 1991, ASSESSMENT MANAGEMEN Wambaugh J, 2004, APHASIOLOGY, V18, P407, DOI 10.1080/02687030444000165 WAMBAUGH J, 1998, J SPEECH LANG HEAR R, V42, P725 Wambaugh JL, 1999, APHASIOLOGY, V13, P821 Wambaugh JL, 2000, APHASIOLOGY, V14, P603 WERTZ T, 1984, APRAXIA SPEECH ADULT NR 50 TC 10 Z9 10 PU PSYCHOLOGY PRESS PI HOVE PA 27 CHURCH RD, HOVE BN3 2FA, EAST SUSSEX, ENGLAND SN 0268-7038 J9 APHASIOLOGY JI Aphasiology PD DEC PY 2006 VL 20 IS 12 BP 1186 EP 1209 DI 10.1080/02687030600757325 PG 24 WC Clinical Neurology SC Neurosciences & Neurology GA 110EI UT WOS:000242360700002 ER PT J AU Cruice, M Worrall, L Hickson, L AF Cruice, Madeline Worrall, Linda Hickson, Louise TI Quantifying aphasic people's social lives in the context of non-aphasic peers SO APHASIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID QUALITY-OF-LIFE; SENSORY IMPAIRMENT; STROKE PATIENTS; ELDERLY PEOPLE; OLDER-PEOPLE; NETWORKS; SATISFACTION; DISABILITY; COMMUNITY; SUPPORT AB Background: Developing the knowledge base on the impact of aphasia on people's social lives has become increasingly important in recent times to further our understanding of the broad consequences of communication disability and thus provide appropriate services. Past research clearly indicates that relationships and social activities with family members and others undergo change with the onset of aphasia in an individual, however more evidence of a quantitative nature would be beneficial. Aims: The current research furthers our knowledge by quantifying chronically aphasic older people's regular social contacts and social activities, and places them in context by comparing them with healthy older people of similar age and education. Methods & Procedures: A total of 30 aphasic participants aged 57 to 88 years, and 71 non-aphasic controls aged 62 to 98 years were interviewed by a speech and language therapist using self-report measures of Social Network Analysis (Antonucci & Akiyama, 1987) and Social Activities Checklist (Cruice, 2001, in Worrall & Hickson, 2003). Demographic information was also collected. Descriptive statistics are presented and independent samples t tests were used to examine differences between the groups. Outcomes & Results: Participants with primarily mild to moderate aphasic impairment reported a considerable range of social contacts (5-51) and social activities (8-18). Many significant differences were evident between the two groups' social contacts and activities. On average, aphasic participants had nine fewer social contacts (mainly "friend'' relationships) and three fewer social activities (mainly "leisure'' activities) than their non-aphasic peers. The majority of controls were satisfied with their social activities, whereas the majority of aphasic participants were not and wanted to be doing more. There were some general similarities between the groups, in terms of range of social contacts, overall pattern of social relationships, and core social activities. Conclusions: Older people with chronic aphasia had significantly fewer social contacts and social activities than their peers. People with aphasia expressed a desire to increase the social activity of their lives. Given the importance of leisure activity and relationships with friends as well as family for positive well-being, speech and language therapists may direct their rehabilitation efforts towards two areas: (1) conversational partner programmes training friends to maintain these relationships; and (2) encouraging and supporting aphasic clients in leisure activities of their choice. C1 City Univ London, Dept Language & Commun Sci, Sch Allied Hlth Sci, London EC1V 0HB, England. Univ Queensland, St Lucia, Qld 4067, Australia. RP Cruice, M (reprint author), City Univ London, Dept Language & Commun Sci, Sch Allied Hlth Sci, Northampton Sq, London EC1V 0HB, England. EM m.cruice@city.ac.uk RI Hickson, Louise/F-8748-2010; Worrall, Linda/D-2579-2010 OI Worrall, Linda/0000-0002-3283-7038 CR ANTONUCCI TC, 1987, J GERONTOL, V42, P519 ASTROM M, 1992, STROKE, V23, P527 BARRY S, 2000, ADV SPEECH LANGUAGE, V2, P77 Bethoux F, 1996, INT J REHABIL RES, V19, P291 BOWLING A, 1993, SOC SCI MED, V36, P641, DOI 10.1016/0277-9536(93)90061-8 Bowling Ann, 1994, International Review of Psychiatry, V6, P41, DOI 10.3109/09540269409025242 BOWLING A, 1991, SOC PSYCH PSYCH EPID, V26, P115, DOI 10.1007/BF00782950 CARABELLESE C, 1993, J AM GERIATR SOC, V41, P401 Clark PS, 1999, AUSTRALAS J AGEING, V18, P124 Code C, 2003, NEUROPSYCHOL REHABIL, V13, P379, DOI 10.1080/09602010244000255 Cruice M, 2003, APHASIOLOGY, V17, P333, DOI 10.1080/02687030244000707 Cruice M., 2001, THESIS U QUEENSLAND Cummins R. A., 1997, COMPREHENSIVE QUALIT Dowswell G, 2000, J CLIN NURS, V9, P507, DOI 10.1046/j.1365-2702.2000.00411.x GIBSON D M, 1986, International Journal of Aging and Human Development, V24, P29, DOI 10.2190/NDU9-2175-HGD4-J9WL HAWLEY PJ, 1988, J APPL GERONTOL, V7, P205, DOI 10.1177/073346488800700206 HICKSON LMH, 1995, AUST J AGEING, V14, P89, DOI 10.1111/j.1741-6612.1995.tb00703.x Hilari K, 2006, APHASIOLOGY, V20, P17, DOI 10.1080/02687030500279982 HOLBROOK M, 1983, AGE AGEING, V12, P166, DOI 10.1093/ageing/12.2.166 Horgas AL, 1998, GERONTOLOGIST, V38, P556 Howe TJ, 2004, APHASIOLOGY, V18, P1015, DOI 10.1080/02687030444000499 KAPPELLE LJ, 1994, STROKE, V25, P1360 Kempen GIJM, 1998, AGE AGEING, V27, P595, DOI 10.1093/ageing/27.5.595 Kendig H, 1997, AUST J AGEING, V16, P127, DOI 10.1111/j.1741-6612.1997.tb01072.x Kertesz A., 1982, W APHASIA BATTERY LABI MLC, 1980, ARCH PHYS MED REHAB, V61, P561 LEDORZE G, 1995, APHASIOLOGY, V9, P239 LEMON BW, 1972, J GERONTOL, V27, P511 Lind C, 2003, AUSTRALAS J AGEING, V22, P20, DOI 10.1111/j.1741-6612.2003.tb00458.x McAuley E, 2000, PREV MED, V31, P608, DOI 10.1006/pmed.2000.0740 McDowell I., 1996, MEASURING HLTH GUIDE de Leon CFM, 1999, J GERONTOL B-PSYCHOL, V54, pS162 MENEC V, 2001, GERONTOLOGY S1, V47, P231 Mugford S, 1987, AGING FAMILIES SOCIA, P38 Müller D, 1999, Semin Speech Lang, V20, P85, DOI 10.1055/s-2008-1064011 NIEMI ML, 1988, STROKE, V19, P1101 OXENHAM D, 1995, APHASIOLOGY, V9, P477, DOI 10.1080/02687039508248710 RAU M T, 1988, Seminars in Speech and Language, V9, P167, DOI 10.1055/s-0028-1082462 REITZES DC, 1995, RES AGING, V17, P260, DOI 10.1177/0164027595173002 Resnick HE, 1997, J GERONTOL B-PSYCHOL, V52, P135 Ross KB, 2003, APHASIOLOGY, V17, P355, DOI 10.1080/02687030244000716 SARNO MT, 1993, APHASIOLOGY, V7, P321, DOI 10.1080/02687039308249514 Simmons-Mackie N, 2001, TOP LANG DISORD, V22, P21 SMALE B, 2001, GERONTOLOGY, V47, P497 Sveen U, 1999, DISABIL REHABIL, V21, P372 Tennant A, 1997, DISABIL REHABIL, V19, P278 Unger JB, 1999, J GERONTOL B-PSYCHOL, V54, pS245 Wade D T, 1985, Int Rehabil Med, V7, P176 Wahl H. W., 1999, J GERONTOL B-PSYCHOL, V54, P304, DOI [DOI 10.1093/GERONB/54B.5.P304, 10.1093/geronb/54B.5.P304] Worrall L. E., 2003, COMMUNICATION DISABI Zemva N, 1999, APHASIOLOGY, V13, P219, DOI 10.1080/026870399402190 NR 51 TC 29 Z9 29 PU PSYCHOLOGY PRESS PI HOVE PA 27 CHURCH RD, HOVE BN3 2FA, EAST SUSSEX, ENGLAND SN 0268-7038 J9 APHASIOLOGY JI Aphasiology PD DEC PY 2006 VL 20 IS 12 BP 1210 EP 1225 DI 10.1080/02687030600790136 PG 16 WC Clinical Neurology SC Neurosciences & Neurology GA 110EI UT WOS:000242360700003 ER PT J AU Toraldo, A Cattani, B Zonca, G Saletta, P Luzzatti, C AF Toraldo, Alessio Cattani, Barbara Zonca, Giusi Saletta, Paola Luzzatti, Claudio TI Reading disorders in a language with shallow orthography: A multiple single-case study in Italian SO APHASIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID DEEP DYSLEXIC PATIENT; LEXICAL ACCESS; DUAL-ROUTE; CUMULATIVE-FREQUENCY; SEMANTIC PARALEXIAS; WORD; ACQUISITION; AGE; ALOUD; MECHANISMS AB Background: This study aimed (i) to verify whether the classical word-naming models developed for English-speaking participants also account for the performance of patients who speak a shallow-orthography language such as Italian, and (ii) to study the effects of word frequency, concreteness, and grammatical class on word naming. Methods & Procedures: A total of 90 Italian aphasic patients participated in two reading tasks. The first task contained four sets of items: (i) concrete nouns (natural objects and artefacts), (ii) abstract nouns, (iii) function words, (iv) morphologically simple legal nonwords. The second task (trisyllabic words with unpredictable stress position) was designed to test reading ability along the lexical route (the position of the major word stress is the only opaque variable in the Italian reading system). The patients' performances on the two tasks were analysed for strong dissociations, and to test the effect of grammatical class, concreteness, word frequency, and item length. The effect of age of acquisition was tested in a subsequent analysis. Outcomes & Results: Reading scores were pathological for all patients. The present sample reflected the entire spectrum of reading impairments: phonological (49), surface (4), undifferentiated (32), and letter-by-letter (5) dyslexia, which is in line with data reported for English-speaking aphasic patients. Only one of the phonological dyslexic patients made semantic errors (a reading impairment compatible with the diagnosis of deep dyslexia). The vast majority of Broca's aphasic patients suffered from phonological dyslexia (76%), while fluent aphasic patients were distributed more evenly across dyslexia types; all four surface dyslexic patients belonged to the fluent aphasia group. Overall, grammatical class (concrete nouns vs function words) had a significant effect on 14 patients (15.6%), concreteness (concrete vs abstract nouns) on 15 (16.7%), and word frequency on 5 (5.6%). Grammatical class and concreteness affected the performance of phonological and undifferentiated dyslexic patients, and seemed not to influence the scores of the surface dyslexic patients. Age of acquisition turned out to have a highly significant effect and may account for most of the lexical effects emerging from the first analysis. Conclusions: The entire spectrum of reading impairments was observed in this group of Italian aphasic patients, thus confirming the validity of contemporary reading models also for shallow-orthography languages. Concreteness and grammatical class effects, present in deep dyslexia, also affected the performance of patients suffering from other types of dyslexia, although both phenomena might derive from a confounding effect of age of acquisition. C1 Univ Milan Bicocca, Dept Psychol, I-20126 Milan, Italy. Univ Pavia, I-27100 Pavia, Italy. Salvatore Maugeri Fdn, Montescano, Italy. Salvatore Maugeri Fdn, Pavia, Italy. G Salvini Gen Hosp, Rho Passirana, Italy. RP Luzzatti, C (reprint author), Univ Milan Bicocca, Dept Psychol, Piazza Atenco Nuovo 1, I-20126 Milan, Italy. EM claudio.luzzatti@unimib.it CR ANDREWS S, 1989, J EXP PSYCHOL LEARN, V15, P802, DOI 10.1037/0278-7393.15.5.802 ARDILA A, 1991, BRAIN LANG, V41, P437, DOI 10.1016/0093-934X(91)90165-W Barca L., 2002, RICERCHE PSICOLOGIA, V25, P73 Barca L, 2002, BEHAV RES METH INS C, V34, P424, DOI 10.3758/BF03195471 Barry C, 2003, BRAIN LANG, V84, P84, DOI 10.1016/S0093-934X(02)00522-9 Bates E, 2001, MEM COGNITION, V29, P986, DOI 10.3758/BF03195761 Binder JR, 2005, J COGNITIVE NEUROSCI, V17, P905, DOI 10.1162/0898929054021102 Bonin P, 2004, J MEM LANG, V50, P456, DOI 10.1016/j.jml.2004.02.001 BUCHANAN L, 1994, J NEUROLINGUIST, V8, P163, DOI 10.1016/0911-6044(94)90024-8 CARAMAZZA A, 1985, COGNITIVE NEUROPSYCH, V2, P81, DOI 10.1080/02643298508252862 Coltheart M., 1980, DEEP DYSLEXIA, P22 Coltheart M., 1980, DEEP DYSLEXIA Coltheart M, 1998, COGNITIVE NEUROPSYCH, V15, P1, DOI 10.1080/026432998381203 Coltheart M, 2001, PSYCHOL REV, V108, P204, DOI 10.1037//0033-295X.108.1.204 COLTHEART M, 1993, PSYCHOL REV, V100, P589, DOI 10.1037/0033-295X.100.4.589 Coltheart M., 1980, DEEP DYSLEXIA, P326 Coltheart M, 2000, BRAIN LANG, V71, P299, DOI 10.1006/brln.1999.2183 CUMMING TB, IN PRESS COGNITIVE N Dejerine J., 1892, CR HEBD ACAD SCI, V4, P61 DELL GS, 1996, COMPUTATIONAL PSYCHO, P328 Dell GS, 1997, PSYCHOL REV, V104, P801, DOI 10.1037/0033-295X.104.4.801 DEROUESNE J, 1985, SURFACE DYSLEXIA FERRERES AR, 1995, BRAIN LANG, V49, P153, DOI 10.1006/brln.1995.1026 FEYEREISEN P, 1988, NEUROPSYCHOLOGIA, V26, P401, DOI 10.1016/0028-3932(88)90094-2 FORSTER KI, 1973, J VERB LEARN VERB BE, V12, P627, DOI 10.1016/S0022-5371(73)80042-8 Gold BT, 2005, NEUROPSYCHOLOGIA, V43, P833, DOI 10.1016/j.neuropsychologia.2004.10.005 HILLIS AE, 1991, BRAIN LANG, V40, P106, DOI 10.1016/0093-934X(91)90119-L Hirsh KW, 1995, J NEUROLINGUIST, V9, P23, DOI 10.1016/0911-6044(95)00003-8 HIRSH KW, 1994, COGNITIVE NEUROPSYCH, V11, P435, DOI 10.1080/02643299408251981 *IBM, 1989, VELI VOC EL LING IT JOB R, 1984, Q J EXP PSYCHOL-A, V36, P435 Juhasz BJ, 2005, PSYCHOL BULL, V131, P684, DOI 10.1037/0033-2909.131.5.684 Lewis MB, 2001, COGNITION, V78, P189, DOI 10.1016/S0010-0277(00)00117-7 Luzzatti C, 2001, BRAIN LANG, V79, P345, DOI 10.1006/brln.2001.2475 Luzzatti C., 1996, AACHENER APHASIE TES, V2nd Luzzatti C, 1998, BRAIN, V121, P1721, DOI 10.1093/brain/121.9.1721 MICELI G, 1983, Archivio di Psicologia Neurologia e Psichiatria, V44, P185 MICELI G, 1994, NEUROPSYCHOLOGIA, V32, P317, DOI 10.1016/0028-3932(94)90134-1 MORRISON CM, 1995, J EXP PSYCHOL LEARN, V21, P116, DOI 10.1037/0278-7393.21.1.116 Morton J, 1980, DEEP DYSLEXIA, P91 PAAP KR, 1991, PSYCHOL RES-PSYCH FO, V53, P13, DOI 10.1007/BF00867328 Patterson K., 1985, SURFACE DYSLEXIA PATTERSON K, 1982, Q J EXP PSYCHOL-A, V34, P411 Plaut DC, 1996, PSYCHOL REV, V103, P56, DOI 10.1037/0033-295X.103.1.56 RUIZ A, 1994, BRAIN LANG, V46, P245, DOI 10.1006/brln.1994.1015 SAFFRAN EM, DEEP DYSLEXIA, P80 Schwartz M. F., 1980, DEEP DYSLEXIA Shallice T., 1988, NEUROPSYCHOLOGY MENT Shibahara N, 2003, Q J EXP PSYCHOL-A, V56, P263, DOI 10.1080/02724980244000369 STRAIN E, 1995, J EXP PSYCHOL LEARN, V21, P1140, DOI 10.1037/0278-7393.21.5.1140 Zaidel E., 1990, HDB NEUROPSYCHOLOGY, V4, P115 Zevin JD, 2002, J MEM LANG, V47, P1, DOI 10.1006/jmla.2001.2834 Zevin JD, 2004, MEM COGNITION, V32, P31, DOI 10.3758/BF03195818 NR 53 TC 17 Z9 17 PU PSYCHOLOGY PRESS PI HOVE PA 27 CHURCH RD, HOVE BN3 2FA, EAST SUSSEX, ENGLAND SN 0268-7038 J9 APHASIOLOGY JI Aphasiology PD SEP-NOV PY 2006 VL 20 IS 9-11 BP 823 EP 850 DI 10.1080/02687030600738838 PG 28 WC Clinical Neurology SC Neurosciences & Neurology GA 077MP UT WOS:000240033800002 ER PT J AU Sage, K Ellis, AW AF Sage, Karen Ellis, Andrew W. TI Using orthographic neighbours to treat a case of graphemic buffer disorder SO APHASIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID ATTENTIONAL MECHANISMS; ACQUIRED DYSGRAPHIA; WORD RECOGNITION; REPRESENTATIONS; REMEDIATION; DENSITY; SIZE; CATEGORIZATION; FREQUENCY; DEFICITS AB Background: The characteristics of graphemic buffer disorder have been described by Miceli, Silveri, and Caramazza (1985) and Caramazza and Miceli (1990) and include a length effect in spelling words and nonwords, in both written and oral format. Error patterns typically consist of omissions, substitutions, additions, and movement errors. Recently, lexical effects on spelling accuracy in many buffer cases have been shown (Sage & Ellis, 2004) and, in patient BH in particular, these included an influence of orthographic neighbourhood size (the number of words that can be generated by changing one letter in the target word; Coltheart, Davelaar, Jonassen, & Besner, 1977). Aims: This paper aims to show that orthographic neighbours used in a therapy programme can bring about improvements in the spelling of targets that have not directly received therapy. Methods & procedures: This was a single case treatment study of BH, who showed classic features of graphemic buffer disorder in her spelling. Two priming studies contrasting no prime, control primes, and orthographic neighbour primes (both word and nonword) established that positive effects on spelling accuracy and error pattern could be achieved. The use of orthographic neighbours was then extended into a therapy programme. Three word sets contrasted direct therapy to the words themselves (Set1), no therapy at all (Set 2), and therapy to neighbours of the words in a set (Set 3). An errorless learning paradigm was used throughout the therapy programme. Outcome & results: Improvement was made both to the treated words in Set 1 and to the words in Set 3, even though these words had received no direct therapy. There was no change in accuracy in Set 2, the control set that had received no therapy. The paper also explores changes in error patterns due to therapy, showing that error patterns changed following therapy. Conclusions: The priming studies showed that changes in accuracy could be achieved when orthographic neighbours were used. Following on from this, a therapy programme based on neighbours was effective in assisting the graphemic buffer. Specifically, the interaction between lexicon and buffer was used therapeutically to improve not only the spelling of words that had received direct treatment but also to a word set that did not directly receive treatment. These changes were brought about using an errorless learning paradigm. C1 Univ Manchester, Sch Psychol Sci, Manchester M13 9PL, Lancs, England. Univ York, York YO10 5DD, N Yorkshire, England. RP Sage, K (reprint author), Univ Manchester, Sch Psychol Sci, Oxford Rd, Manchester M13 9PL, Lancs, England. EM karen.sage@manchester.ac.uk CR ALIMINOSA D, 1993, APHASIOLOGY, V7, P55, DOI 10.1080/02687039308249499 Annoni JM, 1998, BRAIN LANG, V63, P64, DOI 10.1006/brln.1997.1934 Arguin M, 1998, COGNITIVE NEUROPSYCH, V15, P53, DOI 10.1080/026432998381221 Baayen R. H., 1995, CELEX LEXICAL DATABA BADDELEY A, 1994, NEUROPSYCHOLOGIA, V32, P53, DOI 10.1016/0028-3932(94)90068-X Barry C., 1994, HDB SPELLING THEORY, P27 Boyczuk JP, 1999, BRAIN LANG, V67, P46, DOI 10.1006/brln.1998.2049 CARAMAZZA A, 1990, COGNITION, V37, P243, DOI 10.1016/0010-0277(90)90047-N Coltheart M., 1977, ATTENTION PERFORM, P535 DEPARTZ MP, 1995, NEUROPSYCHOL REHABIL, V5, P129, DOI 10.1080/09602019508520178 Ellis A. W., 2000, CASE STUDIES NEUROPS, P85 Ellis A. W., 1982, NORMALITY PATHOLOGY, P113 Fillingham JK, 2006, NEUROPSYCHOL REHABIL, V16, P129, DOI 10.1080/09602010443000254 Forster KI, 1996, J EXP PSYCHOL LEARN, V22, P696, DOI 10.1037/0278-7393.22.3.696 Garlock VM, 2001, J MEM LANG, V45, P468, DOI 10.1006/jmla.2000.2784 GOODMAN RA, 1994, J HOPKINS U DYSGRAPH Grainger J, 2005, Q J EXP PSYCHOL-A, V58, P981, DOI 10.1080/02724980443000386 Grainger J, 2000, J MEM LANG, V42, P88, DOI 10.1006/jmla.1999.2675 Hillis A. E., 1987, CLIN APHASIOLOGY, P84 HILLIS AE, 1989, BRAIN LANG, V36, P208, DOI 10.1016/0093-934X(89)90062-X Jonsdottir MK, 1996, COGNITION, V59, P169, DOI 10.1016/0010-0277(95)00693-1 Kaplan E, 1983, BOSTON NAMING TEST KATZ RB, 1991, CORTEX, V27, P111 Kay J, 1994, HDB SPELLING THEORY Kay J., 1992, PSYCHOLINGUISTIC ASS Kucera H., 1967, COMPUTATIONAL ANAL P Lavidor M, 2002, BRAIN LANG, V80, P45, DOI 10.1006/brln.2001.2583 LAXON V, 1994, LANG COGNITIVE PROC, V9, P1, DOI 10.1080/01690969408402108 MCCLOSKEY M, 1994, COGNITIVE NEUROPSYCH, V11, P341, DOI 10.1080/02643299408251979 McCloskey M, 1999, BRAIN LANG, V69, P395 McKenna P., 1983, GRADED NAMING TEST MICELI G, 1985, BRAIN LANG, V25, P187, DOI 10.1016/0093-934X(85)90080-X MORRIS J, 1995, CASE STUDIES CLIN LI, P245 Nelson H. E., 1982, NATL ADULT READING T Parkin AJ, 1998, COGNITIVE NEUROPSYCH, V15, P361 PATE D S, 1990, Neurology, V40, P241 Pound C, 1996, APHASIOLOGY, V10, P283, DOI 10.1080/02687039608248413 Rapp B, 2002, APHASIOLOGY, V16, P439, DOI 10.1080/02687030244000301 Raven J. C., 1985, RAVENS PROGR MATRICE Raymer AM, 2003, APHASIOLOGY, V17, P607, DOI 10.1080/02687030344000058 SAGE K, 2004, THESIS U YORK UK Sage K, 2004, COGN NEUROPSYCHOL, V21, P381, DOI [10.1080/02643290342000438, 10.1090/02643290342000438] Sage K, 2005, NEUROPSYCHOL REHABIL, V15, P619, DOI 10.1080/09602010443000155 Schiller NO, 2001, NEUROCASE, V7, P1 Tainturier MJ, 2003, APHASIOLOGY, V17, P537, DOI 10.1080/02687030344000021 Warrington EK, 1997, NEUROPSYCHOL REHABIL, V7, P143, DOI 10.1080/713755528 WILSON BA, 1994, NEUROPSYCHOL REHABIL, V4, P307, DOI 10.1080/09602019408401463 NR 47 TC 9 Z9 9 PU PSYCHOLOGY PRESS PI HOVE PA 27 CHURCH RD, HOVE BN3 2FA, EAST SUSSEX, ENGLAND SN 0268-7038 J9 APHASIOLOGY JI Aphasiology PD SEP-NOV PY 2006 VL 20 IS 9-11 BP 851 EP 870 DI 10.1080/02687030600738945 PG 20 WC Clinical Neurology SC Neurosciences & Neurology GA 077MP UT WOS:000240033800003 ER PT J AU Castles, A Bates, TC Coltheart, M AF Castles, Anne Bates, Timothy C. Coltheart, Max TI John Marshall and the developmental dyslexias SO APHASIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID PHONOLOGICAL DYSLEXIA; SURFACE DYSLEXIA; READING ACQUISITION; DUAL-ROUTE; IMPAIRMENT; DYSGRAPHIA; DEFICITS; MODELS; VARIETIES; PATTERNS AB Background: In 1984, John Marshall made the case that one can use a model of the skilled reading system not only to interpret the acquired dyslexias, but also to interpret the developmental dyslexias, and the particular model of the skilled reading system he favoured for this purpose was the dual-route model. This claim has been a controversial one, with many researchers claiming that static models of adult skilled reading, such as the dual-route model, are inappropriate for understanding the process of reading development and, consequently, the developmental reading disorders. Aims: In this paper, we examine how Marshall's conjecture has fared over the past 20 years. Main Contribution: We evaluate Marshall's conjecture by examining evidence for developmental analogues of acquired surface and phonological dyslexia, by reporting new data on cases of "pure'' developmental surface and phonological dyslexia, and by assessing the success of dual route versus connectionist accounts of these subtypes. We also report evidence that the dual-route model of skilled reading provides an accurate account of the reading performance of children at all stages of reading development. Conclusion: We conclude that Marshall's controversial claim has been vindicated by subsequent research. C1 Univ Melbourne, Sydney, NSW, Australia. Macquarie Univ, Sydney, NSW 2109, Australia. RP Castles, A (reprint author), Univ Melbourne, Dept Psychol, Parkville, Vic 3010, Australia. EM acastles@unimelb.edu.au RI Castles, Anne/B-3030-2013 CR Alexander JRM, 2000, AUST J PSYCHOL, V52, P139, DOI 10.1080/00049530008255381 Bates TC, 2004, AUST J PSYCHOL, V56, P115, DOI 10.1080/00049530410001734847 BEAUVOIS MF, 1979, J NEUROL NEUROSUR PS, V42, P1115, DOI 10.1136/jnnp.42.12.1115 Blazely AM, 2005, COGN NEUROPSYCHOL, V22, P695, DOI 10.1080/02643290442000257 BODER E, 1973, DEV MED CHILD NEUROL, V15, P663 CAMPBELL R, 1985, Q J EXP PSYCHOL-A, V37, P435 CARAMAZZA A, 1990, NATURE, V346, P267, DOI 10.1038/346267a0 CASTLES A, 1993, COGNITION, V47, P149, DOI 10.1016/0010-0277(93)90003-E Castles A, 1999, J EXP CHILD PSYCHOL, V72, P73, DOI 10.1006/jecp.1998.2482 Castles A, 1996, COGNITIVE NEUROPSYCH, V13, P25, DOI 10.1080/026432996382051 Cestnick L, 1999, COGNITION, V71, P231, DOI 10.1016/S0010-0277(99)00023-2 Coltheart M, 2006, COGN NEUROPSYCHOL, V23, P96, DOI 10.1080/02643290500202649 COLTHEART M, 1987, DEEP DYSLEXIA, P22 COLTHEART M, 1983, Q J EXP PSYCHOL-A, V35, P469 Coltheart M, 2001, PSYCHOL REV, V108, P204, DOI 10.1037//0033-295X.108.1.204 COLTHEART M, 1993, PSYCHOL REV, V100, P589, DOI 10.1037/0033-295X.100.4.589 Coltheart M, 1996, AUST J PSYCHOL, V48, P136, DOI 10.1080/00049539608259520 Edwards VT, 1999, AUST J PSYCHOL, V51, P37, DOI 10.1080/00049539908255333 Fletcher-Flinn CM, 2004, COGNITION, V90, P303, DOI 10.1016/S0010-0277(03)00162-8 FORSTER KI, 1973, J VERB LEARN VERB BE, V12, P627, DOI 10.1016/S0022-5371(73)80042-8 Friedmann N, 2004, CORTEX, V40, P301, DOI 10.1016/S0010-9452(08)70125-4 Friedmann N, 2001, COGNITIVE NEUROPSYCH, V18, P673, DOI 10.1080/02643290143000051 Frith U., 1985, SURFACE DYSLEXIA Glosser G, 1997, BRAIN LANG, V56, P234, DOI 10.1006/brln.1997.1801 GOULANDRIS NK, 1991, COGNITIVE NEUROPSYCH, V8, P127, DOI 10.1080/02643299108253369 HANLEY JR, 1992, Q J EXP PSYCHOL-A, V44, P285 Harm MW, 1999, PSYCHOL REV, V106, P491, DOI 10.1037//0033-295X.106.3.491 HEYWOOD M, 2001, COGNITIVE NEUROPSYCH, V18, P577 HOLMES J, 1973, THESIS U EDINBURGH Manis FR, 1996, COGNITION, V58, P157, DOI 10.1016/0010-0277(95)00679-6 Marshall J. C., 1984, DYSLEXIA GLOBAL ISSU MARSHALL JC, 1973, J PSYCHOLINGUIST RES, V2, P175, DOI 10.1007/BF01067101 MITTERER JO, 1982, CAN J PSYCHOL, V36, P445, DOI 10.1037/h0080660 Plaut DC, 1996, PSYCHOL REV, V103, P56, DOI 10.1037/0033-295X.103.1.56 RAYNER K, 1989, COGNITIVE NEUROPSYCH, V6, P357, DOI 10.1080/02643298908253288 SCHWARTZ MF, 1987, DEEP DYSLEXIA, P259 SHALLICE T, 1987, DEEP DYSLEXIA, P119 SHARE DL, 1995, COGNITION, V55, P151, DOI 10.1016/0010-0277(94)00645-2 SNOWLING M, 1989, COGNITIVE NEUROPSYCH, V6, P379, DOI 10.1080/02643298908253289 Snowling M, 1987, DYSLEXIA COGNITIVE D SNOWLING M, 1986, COGNITIVE NEUROPSYCH, V3, P309, DOI 10.1080/02643298608253362 Snowling MJ, 1996, READ WRIT, V8, P443 Stanovich KE, 1997, J EDUC PSYCHOL, V89, P114, DOI 10.1037//0022-0663.89.1.114 Stuart M, 1995, COGNITIVE NEUROPSYCH, V12, P793, DOI 10.1080/02643299508251402 TEMPLE CM, 1983, BRIT J PSYCHOL, V74, P517 NR 45 TC 27 Z9 29 PU PSYCHOLOGY PRESS PI HOVE PA 27 CHURCH RD, HOVE BN3 2FA, EAST SUSSEX, ENGLAND SN 0268-7038 J9 APHASIOLOGY JI Aphasiology PD SEP-NOV PY 2006 VL 20 IS 9-11 BP 871 EP 892 DI 10.1080/02687030600738952 PG 22 WC Clinical Neurology SC Neurosciences & Neurology GA 077MP UT WOS:000240033800004 ER PT J AU Caplan, D Dede, G Michaud, J AF Caplan, David Dede, Gayle Michaud, Jennifer TI Task-independent and task-specific syntactic deficits in aphasic comprehension SO APHASIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID SENTENCE COMPREHENSION; LANGUAGE COMPREHENSION AB We present 42 case studies of aphasic syntactic comprehension performances in sentence - picture matching and object manipulation, examining the data for the existence of deficits referable to particular syntactic structures, or such structures in a single sentence form, in both tasks. No deficits affected performance on all sentence types that contained a particular structure in both tasks. Most deficits affected single sentence forms in only one task, and no isolated deficits occurred. The implications of the pattern of performance for the nature of aphasic deficits are discussed. C1 Massachusetts Gen Hosp, Neuropsychol Lab, Boston, MA 02114 USA. Boston Univ, Boston, MA 02215 USA. RP Caplan, D (reprint author), Massachusetts Gen Hosp, Neuropsychol Lab, 175 Cambridge St,Suite 340,Fruit St, Boston, MA 02114 USA. EM dcaplan@partners.org CR Caplan D., 1988, DISORDERS SYNTACTIC Caplan D, 1997, J SPEECH LANG HEAR R, V40, P542 CAPLAN D, 1995, BRAIN LANG, V50, P325, DOI 10.1006/brln.1995.1051 Crawford JR, 2003, CORTEX, V39, P357, DOI 10.1016/S0010-9452(08)70117-5 Crawford JR, 1998, CLIN NEUROPSYCHOL, V12, P482, DOI 10.1076/clin.12.4.482.7241 CUPPLES L, 1993, COGNITIVE NEUROPSYCH, V10, P201, DOI 10.1080/02643299308253461 Dell GS, 1997, PSYCHOL REV, V104, P801, DOI 10.1037/0033-295X.104.4.801 GRODZINSKY Y, 2000, BEHAV BRAIN SCI, V23, P47 HAARMANN HJ, 1991, APHASIOLOGY, V5, P247, DOI 10.1080/02687039108248527 LINEBARGER MC, 1995, BRAIN LANG, V50, P52, DOI 10.1006/brln.1995.1040 LINEBARGER MC, 1983, COGNITION, V13, P361, DOI 10.1016/0010-0277(83)90015-X Swinney D, 1996, J COGNITIVE NEUROSCI, V8, P174, DOI 10.1162/jocn.1996.8.2.174 TANENHAUS MK, 1995, SCIENCE, V268, P1632, DOI 10.1126/science.7777863 NR 13 TC 13 Z9 13 PU PSYCHOLOGY PRESS PI HOVE PA 27 CHURCH RD, HOVE BN3 2FA, EAST SUSSEX, ENGLAND SN 0268-7038 J9 APHASIOLOGY JI Aphasiology PD SEP-NOV PY 2006 VL 20 IS 9-11 BP 893 EP 920 DI 10.1080/02687030600739273 PG 28 WC Clinical Neurology SC Neurosciences & Neurology GA 077MP UT WOS:000240033800005 ER PT J AU Howard, D Gatehouse, C AF Howard, David Gatehouse, Claire TI Distinguishing semantic and lexical word retrieval deficits in people with aphasia SO APHASIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID GENERATED PHONEMIC CUES; AUDITORY COMPREHENSION; NAMING LATENCY; ERRORS; AGE; ACQUISITION; ANOMIA; ACCESS; IMPAIRMENT; DISORDERS AB Background: Identifying the point of breakdown in people with aphasia with disorders of word retrieval is not straightforward. Evidence has been sought from: (i) the nature of the errors in naming; (ii) the variables affecting naming accuracy; (iii) the effects of correct and misleading cues; (iv) performance in other word comprehension and production tasks. However, previous research has demonstrated that each of these sources of evidence provides information compatible with more than level of breakdown. Aims: The study investigates whether a combination of information from these sources can provide a coherent account of how word retrieval is breaking down in people with aphasia. Methods & Procedures: Three people with aphasia (JGr, LM, and KS) took part in four experiments. The first investigated the errors made in picture naming and the factors (target word length, imageability, frequency.) affecting naming accuracy. The second experiment investigated the effects of correct phonemic cues and miscues on word retrieval. The third examined the participants' performance in tests of spoken and written word and picture comprehension. The fourth experiment investigated whether the participants had the processing abilities necessary to generate their own phonemic cues in spoken naming from orthographic information. Outcomes & Results: Evidence from these investigations showed different levels of breakdown in the three participants. JGr's naming was characterised by semantic errors, effects of target imageability and familiarity on naming accuracy, improved naming with correct phonemic cues and semantic errors with miscues, and poor performance in word comprehension tasks. This pattern is consistent with a breakdown at a semantic level underlying JGr's difficulty in word retrieval. In contrast, LM shows performance indicating a breakdown in mapping between intact semantic and phonological representations. He makes primarily no response errors in naming and his accuracy is affected only by frequency and familiarity. Correct phonemic cues can improve his naming accuracy to near normal levels, and he makes no semantic errors, although he is slowed by miscues. His word and picture comprehension is intact. KS shows a more complex pattern of impairment. Like JGr, she shows evidence of a semantic impairment: she makes semantic errors in naming, and her accuracy is affected by target imageability. She makes errors in word comprehension and her word retrieval is adversely affected by miscues. There are two unusual features to her performance: her naming accuracy is not improved by initial phoneme cues (despite effects of miscues and more extensive phonemic cues), and she is better at naming pictures with longer names (a "reverse length effect''). Investigations in experiment four show that KS is using orthographic information on the initial letter of names to generate her own phonemic cues; it is concluded that in addition to her semantic deficit she has an impairment in access to lexical phonological representations. Conclusions: We conclude that careful investigation of the performance of people with aphasia across a range of tasks can be used to identify underlying levels of breakdown in word retrieval. However, superficial resemblances between people with aphasia can be misleading. C1 Univ Newcastle Upon Tyne, Sch Educ Commun & Language Sci, Newcastle Upon Tyne NE1 7RU, Tyne & Wear, England. Plymouth Teaching Primary Care Trust, Plymouth, Devon, England. RP Howard, D (reprint author), Univ Newcastle Upon Tyne, Sch Educ Commun & Language Sci, Newcastle Upon Tyne NE1 7RU, Tyne & Wear, England. EM david.howard@newcastle.ac.uk CR Allport D.A., 1985, CURRENT PERSPECTIVES, P32 Best W, 1995, CORTEX, V31, P637 Breese EL, 2004, BRAIN LANG, V89, P3, DOI 10.1016/S0093-934X(03)00412-7 BROWN GDA, 1987, MEM COGNITION, V15, P208, DOI 10.3758/BF03197718 BRUCE C, 1987, BRIT J DISORD COMMUN, V22, P191 BRUCE C, 1988, NEUROPSYCHOLOGIA, V26, P253, DOI 10.1016/0028-3932(88)90078-4 Butterworth B., 1980, LANGUAGE PRODUCTION, V1 BUTTERWORTH B, 1992, COGNITION, V42, P261, DOI 10.1016/0010-0277(92)90045-J BUTTERWORTH B, 1984, NEUROPSYCHOLOGIA, V22, P409, DOI 10.1016/0028-3932(84)90036-8 Butterworth Brian, 1983, LANGUAGE PRODUCTION, P257 Caramazza A, 1997, COGNITIVE NEUROPSYCH, V14, P1 CARAMAZZA A, 1986, BRAIN COGNITION, V5, P41, DOI 10.1016/0278-2626(86)90061-8 CARAMAZZA A, 1990, CORTEX, V26, P95 CARROLL JB, 1973, Q J EXP PSYCHOL, V25, P85, DOI 10.1080/14640747308400325 COLTHEART M, 1981, Q J EXP PSYCHOL-A, V33, P497 COLTHEART M, 1980, UNPUB ANAL ACQUIRED Dell GS, 1997, PSYCHOL REV, V104, P801, DOI 10.1037/0033-295X.104.4.801 Ellis A., 1992, COGNITIVE NEUROPSYCH, P207 Ellis A. W., 1988, HUMAN COGNITIVE NEUR Ellis A. W., 1994, COGNITIVE NEUROPSYCH, P287 ELLIS AW, 1983, COGNITION, V15, P111, DOI 10.1016/0010-0277(83)90036-7 FEYEREISEN P, 1988, NEUROPSYCHOLOGIA, V26, P401, DOI 10.1016/0028-3932(88)90094-2 Francis WN, 1982, FREQUENCY ANAL ENGLI FRANKLIN S, 1995, COGNITIVE NEUROPSYCH, V12, P549, DOI 10.1080/02643299508252007 FUNNELL E, 1992, COGNITIVE NEUROPSYCH, V9, P135, DOI 10.1080/02643299208252056 FUNNELL E, 1991, P ROY SOC B-BIOL SCI, V243, P173, DOI 10.1098/rspb.1991.0028 GAINOTTI G, 1986, BRAIN LANG, V29, P18, DOI 10.1016/0093-934X(86)90031-3 GERNSBACHER MA, 1984, J EXP PSYCHOL GEN, V113, P256, DOI 10.1037//0096-3445.113.2.256 Goodglass H, 1969, Cortex, V5, P104 HILLIS AE, 1990, COGNITIVE NEUROPSYCH, V7, P191, DOI 10.1080/02643299008253442 HILLIS AE, 1995, COGNITIVE NEUROPSYCH, V12, P187, DOI 10.1080/02643299508251996 HIRSH KW, 1994, COGNITIVE NEUROPSYCH, V11, P435, DOI 10.1080/02643299408251981 HODGES JR, 1992, BRAIN, V115, P1783, DOI 10.1093/brain/115.6.1783 Howard D, 2006, COGNITION, V100, P464, DOI 10.1016/j.cognition.2005.02.006 HOWARD D, 1995, Q J EXP PSYCHOL-A, V48, P999 Howard D., 1985, THESIS U LONDON HOWARD D, 1984, COGNITIVE NEUROPSYCH, V1, P163, DOI 10.1080/02643298408252021 Howard D., 1992, PYRAMIDS PALM TREES Howard D, 2005, COGN NEUROPSYCHOL, V22, P42, DOI 10.1080/02643290342000582 Howard D, 1984, Adv Neurol, V42, P263 Howard D, 1998, APHASIOLOGY, V12, P399, DOI 10.1080/02687039808249540 Howard D., 2000, ACQUIRED NEUROGENIC, P76 Katz RB, 1997, BRAIN LANG, V58, P46, DOI 10.1006/brln.1997.1766 KAY J, 1992, MENTAL LIVES CASE ST KAY J, 1987, BRAIN, V110, P613, DOI 10.1093/brain/110.3.613 KAY J, 1985, SURFACE DYSLEXIA NEU, P79 Kay J., 1992, PSYCHOLINGUISTIC ASS Kertesz A., 1982, W APHASIA BATTERY KOHN SE, 1988, PHONOLOGICAL PROCESS KOHN SE, 1989, APHASIOLOGY, V3, P209, DOI 10.1080/02687038908248992 Lambon Ralph Matthew A., 2000, Neuropsychologia, V38, P186, DOI 10.1016/S0028-3932(99)00056-1 Ralph MAL, 2001, J COGNITIVE NEUROSCI, V13, P341, DOI 10.1162/08989290151137395 LAMBON RM, 2000, COGNITIVE NEUROPSYCH, V17, P437 LAMBONRALPH MA, 1998, BRAIN LANG, V64, P339, DOI 10.1006/brln.1998.1976 Lesser R., 1989, COGNITIVE APPROACHES LEVELT W, 1989, SPEAKING INTENTION A Levelt WJM, 1999, BEHAV BRAIN SCI, V22, P1 LI EC, 1991, APHASIOLOGY, V5, P51, DOI 10.1080/02687039108248519 LI EC, 1991, NEUROPSYCHOLOGIA, V29, P1083 MARKMAN E, 1989, CATEGORISATION NAMIN MORRISON CM, 1992, MEM COGNITION, V20, P705, DOI 10.3758/BF03202720 MYERSPEASE D, 1978, CORTEX, V14, P178 NICKELS L, 2000, ASPECTS LANGUAGE PRO, P115 NICKELS L, 1995, NEUROPSYCHOLOGIA, V33, P1281, DOI 10.1016/0028-3932(95)00102-9 NICKELS L, 1994, COGNITIVE NEUROPSYCH, V11, P289, DOI 10.1080/02643299408251977 Nickels L, 2004, COGN NEUROPSYCHOL, V21, P57, DOI 10.1080/02643290342000122 NICKELS L, 1992, COGNITIVE NEUROPSYCH, V9, P155, DOI 10.1080/02643299208252057 NICKELS L, 1995, LANG COGNITIVE PROC, V10, P13, DOI 10.1080/01690969508407086 OLDFIELD RC, 1965, Q J EXP PSYCHOL, V17, P273, DOI 10.1080/17470216508416445 Pate D. S., 1987, LANG COGNITIVE PROC, V2, P43, DOI 10.1080/01690968708406351 Patterson K, 1999, CURR OPIN NEUROBIOL, V9, P235, DOI 10.1016/S0959-4388(99)80033-6 PATTERSON KE, 1979, BRAIN LANG, V8, P111, DOI 10.1016/0093-934X(79)90044-0 Ralph MAL, 1998, NEUROCASE, V4, P311, DOI 10.1080/13554799808410630 Ralph MAL, 2002, APHASIOLOGY, V16, P56, DOI 10.1080/02687040143000448 Shallice T., 1988, NEUROPSYCHOLOGY MENT Shallice T., 1987, COGNITIVE NEUROPSYCH, P111 SMITH A, 1988, THESIS U NEWCASTLE N STIMLEY MA, 1991, BRAIN LANG, V41, P496, DOI 10.1016/0093-934X(91)90170-6 WALLEY AC, 1992, MEM COGNITION, V20, P171, DOI 10.3758/BF03197166 WHEELDON LR, 1994, J MEM LANG, V33, P332, DOI 10.1006/jmla.1994.1016 ZINGESER LB, 1988, COGNITIVE NEUROPSYCH, V5, P474 NR 81 TC 21 Z9 23 PU PSYCHOLOGY PRESS PI HOVE PA 27 CHURCH RD, HOVE BN3 2FA, EAST SUSSEX, ENGLAND SN 0268-7038 J9 APHASIOLOGY JI Aphasiology PD SEP-NOV PY 2006 VL 20 IS 9-11 BP 921 EP 950 DI 10.1080/02687030600782679 PG 30 WC Clinical Neurology SC Neurosciences & Neurology GA 077MP UT WOS:000240033800006 ER PT J AU Di Dio, C Schulz, J Gurd, JM AF Di Dio, Cinzia Schulz, Joerg Gurd, Jennifer M. TI Foreign Accent Syndrome: In the ear of the beholder? SO APHASIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID AMERICAN ENGLISH; LANGUAGE ATTITUDES; PATIENT AB Background: The identification of accent type in patients with acquired accent change following brain damage (Foreign Accent Syndrome; FAS), may vary depending on the judge. Aims: This experiment tests the accent identification abilities of naive judges listening to speech samples from FAS patients versus healthy controls. Method & Procedures: A total of 52 naive judges listened to speech samples from speakers of British English, which were presented over audio CD. They were asked to identify the accent type, but were blind as to the identity of the participants vis-a-vis FAS versus control, and foreign versus native UK. Accuracy, variability, and confidence ratings were assessed as a function of participant and of accent type. Outcomes & Results: The naive judges displayed greater accuracy, consistency, and confidence in typing the control versus the FAS accents. There was a positive familiarity effect for the control, but not the FAS accents. Conclusions: The data provide preliminary support for the view that FAS is not exclusively "in the ear of the beholder''. C1 Univ Parma, I-43100 Parma, Italy. Univ Hertfordshire, Hatfield AL10 9AB, Herts, England. Univ Oxford, Oxford, England. RP Gurd, JM (reprint author), Univ Dept Clin Neurol, Radcliffe Infirm, Neoropsychol Res Unit, Woodstock Rd, Oxford OX2 6HE, England. CR ARDILA A, 1988, APHASIOLOGY, V2, P493, DOI 10.1080/02687038808248955 Bayard D, 1995, KIWITALK SOCIOLINGUI BLUMSTEIN SE, 1987, BRAIN LANG, V31, P215, DOI 10.1016/0093-934X(87)90071-X Boberg C, 1999, J LANG SOC PSYCHOL, V18, P49, DOI 10.1177/0261927X99018001004 Carbary TJ, 2000, BRAIN COGNITION, V43, P78 Cavanaugh JR, 2005, LANG COMMUN, V25, P127, DOI 10.1016/j.langcom.2005.02.002 Christoph DH, 2004, EUR NEUROL, V52, P198, DOI 10.1159/000082035 COLEMAN J, IN PRESS J NEUROLING Dankovicova J, 2001, CLIN LINGUIST PHONET, V15, P195, DOI 10.1080/02699200010004656 Dixon JA, 2002, J LANG SOC PSYCHOL, V21, P162, DOI 10.1177/02627X02021002004 Doest L., 2002, J LANG SOC PSYCHOL, V21, P195 Edwards J, 1999, J LANG SOC PSYCHOL, V18, P101, DOI 10.1177/0261927X99018001007 Giles H., 1975, SPEECH STYLES SOCIAL GRAFFRADFORD NR, 1986, BRAIN LANG, V28, P86, DOI 10.1016/0093-934X(86)90093-3 GURD JM, 1988, NEUROPSYCHOLOGIA, V26, P237, DOI 10.1016/0028-3932(88)90077-2 Gurd JM, 2001, CORTEX, V37, P715, DOI 10.1016/S0010-9452(08)70622-1 Hollander M., 1999, NONPARAMETRIC STAT M, VSecond Kahn R, 1982, ATTITUDES LANGUAGE V, P148 KENT RD, 2005, HIGHER ORDER MOTOR D, P249 Krauss RM, 2002, J EXP SOC PSYCHOL, V38, P618, DOI 10.1016/S0022-1031(02)00510-3 Kurowski KM, 1996, BRAIN LANG, V54, P1, DOI 10.1006/brln.1996.0059 Miller CA, 2002, GERIATR NURS, V23, P230, DOI 10.1067/mgn.2002.126970 MILLER N, IN PRESS J NEUROLING Moen I, 2000, APHASIOLOGY, V14, P5, DOI 10.1080/026870300401577 MONRADKROHN GH, 1947, BRAIN, V70, P405, DOI 10.1093/brain/70.4.405 Niedzielski N, 1999, J LANG SOC PSYCHOL, V18, P62, DOI 10.1177/0261927X99018001005 Purnell T, 1999, J LANG SOC PSYCHOL, V18, P10, DOI 10.1177/0261927X99018001002 Ray GB, 1999, J LANG SOC PSYCHOL, V18, P310, DOI 10.1177/0261927X99018003005 RYALLS J, 1985, FOLIA PHONIATR, V37, P160 SIGEL S, 1988, NONPARAMETRIC STAT B Whitaker H. A., 1982, NEUROPSYCHOLOGY COGN, V1, P168 NR 31 TC 8 Z9 8 PU PSYCHOLOGY PRESS PI HOVE PA 27 CHURCH RD, HOVE BN3 2FA, EAST SUSSEX, ENGLAND SN 0268-7038 J9 APHASIOLOGY JI Aphasiology PD SEP-NOV PY 2006 VL 20 IS 9-11 BP 951 EP 962 DI 10.1080/02687030600739356 PG 12 WC Clinical Neurology SC Neurosciences & Neurology GA 077MP UT WOS:000240033800007 ER PT J AU Jefferies, E Crisp, J Ralph, MAL AF Jefferies, Elizabeth Crisp, Jenni Ralph, Matthew A. Lambon TI The impact of phonological or semantic impairment on delayed auditory repetition: Evidence from stroke aphasia and semantic dementia SO APHASIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID SHORT-TERM-MEMORY; NONFLUENT PROGRESSIVE APHASIA; TEMPORAL-LOBE ATROPHY; DUAL-ROUTE MODELS; DEEP DYSPHASIA; SPEECH PRODUCTION; LEXICAL ACCESS; WORD COMPREHENSION; FLUENT APHASIA; SERIAL-RECALL AB Background/Aims: This study aimed to evaluate the interactive account of repetition by examining the influence of factors that differentially tapped semantic and phonological processing in a case series of patients with semantic or phonological impairment. Methods & Procedures: We compared two patient groups: predominantly phonologically impaired cases with aphasia following cerebrovascular accident, and patients with semantic dementia. Immediate repetition was contrasted with repetition after a 5-second filled delay, and lexicality, frequency, and imageability were manipulated - therefore both the task and the neuropsychological impairment biased processing in favour of either lexical-semantic or phonological capacities. Outcomes & Results: Substantial interactivity was observed between phonological/ semantic impairment and variables largely tapping these processes. The phonologically impaired patients showed substantial effects of lexicality and imageability that were larger in delayed than immediate repetition. The semantically impaired patients exhibited the complementary pattern, showing reduced effects of these lexical-semantic variables and a delay effect that was larger for more poorly comprehended, low-frequency items. Semantic errors were related to phonological deficits whereas semantic impairment led to an increase in phonological errors. The phonologically impaired stroke cases also made more perseverative responses. Conclusions: These findings support the view that repetition is underpinned by interaction between semantics and phonology within a single route and not by distinct lexical and sub-lexical pathways. The results also provide evidence of a continuum between phonological and deep dysphasia. C1 Univ Manchester, Sch Psychol Sci, Neurosci & Aphasia Res Unit, Manchester M13 9PL, Lancs, England. N Tyneside Primary Care Trust, Newcastle Upon Tyne, Tyne & Wear, England. Univ Newcastle, Newcastle Upon Tyne, Tyne & Wear, England. RP Jefferies, E (reprint author), Univ Manchester, Sch Psychol Sci, Neurosci & Aphasia Res Unit, Oxford Rd, Manchester M13 9PL, Lancs, England. EM beth.jefferies@manchester.ac.uk RI Jefferies, Elizabeth/A-7981-2011; Lambon Ralph, Matthew/A-1695-2009 CR Baayen R. H., 1993, CELEX LEXICAL DATABA Bozeat S, 2000, NEUROPSYCHOLOGIA, V38, P1207, DOI 10.1016/S0028-3932(00)00034-8 Caza N, 2002, NEUROCASE, V8, P255, DOI 10.1093/neucas/8.4.255 Crisp J, 2006, J COGNITIVE NEUROSCI, V18, P348, DOI 10.1162/089892906775990543 Croot K, 1998, BRAIN LANG, V61, P226, DOI 10.1006/brln.1997.1852 DELL GS, 1992, COGNITION, V42, P287, DOI 10.1016/0010-0277(92)90046-K Dell GS, 1997, PSYCHOL REV, V104, P801, DOI 10.1037/0033-295X.104.4.801 Forde EME, 2002, NEUROCASE, V8, P13, DOI 10.1093/neucas/8.1.13 Foygel D, 2000, J MEM LANG, V43, P182, DOI 10.1006/jmla.2000.2716 Franklin S., 1992, ADA COMPREHENSION BA Friedman RB, 1996, BRAIN LANG, V52, P114, DOI 10.1006/brln.1996.0006 FUNNELL E, 1995, MEMORY, V3, P497, DOI 10.1080/09658219508253162 Galton CJ, 2001, NEUROLOGY, V57, P216 Gotts SJ, 2002, NEUROPSYCHOLOGIA, V40, P1930, DOI 10.1016/S0028-3932(02)00067-2 Hanley JR, 2002, COGN NEUROPSYCHOL, V19, P193, DOI 10.1080/02643290143000132 Hanley JR, 2004, COGN NEUROPSYCHOL, V21, P147, DOI 10.1080/02643290342000339 Hanley JR, 1997, COGNITIVE NEUROPSYCH, V14, P1065 HILLIS AE, 1991, BRAIN LANG, V40, P106, DOI 10.1016/0093-934X(91)90119-L HODGES JR, 1992, BRAIN, V115, P1783, DOI 10.1093/brain/115.6.1783 Howard D., 1988, MISSING MEANING Howard D., 1992, PYRAMIDS PALM TREES Jefferies E, 2005, COGN NEUROPSYCHOL, V22, P183, DOI 10.1080/02643290442000068 Jefferies E, 2006, NEUROCASE, V12, P1, DOI 10.1080/13554790500428445 Jefferies E, 2004, COGN AFFECT BEHAV NE, V4, P20, DOI 10.3758/CABN.4.1.20 Jefferies E, 2004, NEUROPSYCHOLOGIA, V42, P639, DOI 10.1016/j.neuropsychologia.2003.10.002 Jefferies E, 2006, J MEM LANG, V54, P81, DOI 10.1016/j.jml.2005.08.001 JONES GV, 1985, BRAIN LANG, V24, P1, DOI 10.1016/0093-934X(85)90094-X KATZ RB, 1990, BRAIN LANG, V39, P153, DOI 10.1016/0093-934X(90)90009-6 Kay J., 1992, PSYCHOLINGUISTICS AS Knott R, 1997, COGNITIVE NEUROPSYCH, V14, P1165, DOI 10.1080/026432997381303 Knott R, 2000, NEUROPSYCHOLOGIA, V38, P125, DOI 10.1016/S0028-3932(99)00069-X Kucera H., 1967, COMPUTATIONAL ANAL P Majerus S, 2001, COGNITIVE NEUROPSYCH, V18, P385, DOI 10.1080/02643290126060 Martin N, 1996, BRAIN LANG, V52, P83, DOI 10.1006/brln.1996.0005 Martin N, 1997, COGNITIVE NEUROPSYCH, V14, P641 MARTIN N, 1992, BRAIN LANG, V43, P240, DOI 10.1016/0093-934X(92)90130-7 MARTIN N, 1994, BRAIN LANG, V47, P609, DOI 10.1006/brln.1994.1061 Martin R. C., 1996, MODELS SHORT TERM ME, P149 Martin RC, 1999, J MEM LANG, V41, P3, DOI 10.1006/jmla.1999.2637 MCCARTHY R, 1984, BRAIN, V107, P463, DOI 10.1093/brain/107.2.463 MCCARTHY RA, 1987, BRAIN, V110, P1545, DOI 10.1093/brain/110.6.1545 MICHEL F, 1983, BRAIN LANG, V18, P212, DOI 10.1016/0093-934X(83)90016-0 Mummery CJ, 2000, ANN NEUROL, V47, P36 Patterson K., 1992, ANAL APPROACHES HUMA, VXV, P259 PATTERSON K, 1994, J COGNITIVE NEUROSCI, V6, P57, DOI 10.1162/jocn.1994.6.1.57 Plaut David C., 1999, EMERGENCE LANGUAGE PLAUT DC, 1993, COGNITIVE NEUROPSYCH, V10, P377, DOI 10.1080/02643299308253469 Ralph MAL, 2002, APHASIOLOGY, V16, P56, DOI 10.1080/02687040143000448 Roodenrys S, 2002, J EXP PSYCHOL LEARN, V28, P29, DOI 10.1037//0278-7393.28.1.29 SANDSON J, 1987, NEUROLOGY, V37, P1736 Snowden J. S, 1989, BEHAV NEUROL, V2, P167 SNOWDEN JS, 1996, FRONTOTEMPEROL LOBAR Tree JJ, 2001, NEUROCASE, V7, P473, DOI 10.1093/neucas/7.6.473 TREIMAN R, 1988, J EXP PSYCHOL LEARN, V14, P145, DOI 10.1037/0278-7393.14.1.145 VALDOIS S, 1995, COGNITIVE NEUROPSYCH, V12, P681, DOI 10.1080/02643299508251399 Warrington EK, 1996, BRAIN, V119, P611, DOI 10.1093/brain/119.2.611 Warrington EK, 1998, NEUROPSYCHOL REHABIL, V8, P143 Wilshire CE, 1996, COGNITIVE NEUROPSYCH, V13, P1059 Wilshire CE, 2004, COGN NEUROPSYCHOL, V21, P187, DOI 10.1080/02643290342000555 NR 59 TC 16 Z9 17 PU PSYCHOLOGY PRESS PI HOVE PA 27 CHURCH RD, HOVE BN3 2FA, EAST SUSSEX, ENGLAND SN 0268-7038 J9 APHASIOLOGY JI Aphasiology PD SEP-NOV PY 2006 VL 20 IS 9-11 BP 963 EP 992 DI 10.1080/02687030600739398 PG 30 WC Clinical Neurology SC Neurosciences & Neurology GA 077MP UT WOS:000240033800008 ER PT J AU Druks, J AF Druks, Judit TI Morpho-syntactic and morpho-phonological deficits in the production of regularly and irregularly inflected verbs SO APHASIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID PAST-TENSE MORPHOLOGY; WORD ORDER PROBLEM; ACQUIRED DYSLEXIA; LANGUAGE; AGRAMMATISM; APHASIA; ENGLISH; LEXICON; SYSTEM; RULES AB Background: The background to the study is the debate in relation to the English regular/irregular past tense forms. Aims: The purpose of the investigation was the evaluation of the dual mechanism (DMT: Pinker, 1999; Marslen-Wilson & Tyler, 1997, 1998; Ullman, Corkin, Coppola, Hickok, Growdon, Koroshetz, et al., 1997) and connectionist single mechanism models (SMT: Bird, Lambon Ralph, Seidenberg, McClelland, & Patterson, 2003; Joanisse & Seidenberg, 1999; Patterson, Lambon Ralph, Hodges, & McClelland, 2001) through exploring the reading and oral production of regular and irregular past tense forms and other verbal and nominal inflections by a Broca's type aphasic and phonological dyslexic patient. Methods & Procedures: Eight experimental tasks are reported. Three involved the reading of stems and inflected verbs and nouns in differently organised lists, two involved the oral production of past tense verbs and plural nouns, and three explored the ability to distinguish between written verbs inflected with various affixes. Outcomes & Results: In reading randomly organised list of nouns, verb stems, and regular and irregular past tense forms the patient displayed dissociation between regular and irregular past tense forms as predicted by DMT. When the same items were presented in a list with present and past tense forms paired, and in the oral transformation task, the dissociation disappeared, and performance in regular and irregular past tense forms became comparable. There was a difference in the patient's reading of plural nouns and progressive verbs, which was good, and of past tense forms and third person forms, which was impaired. The recognition/comprehension tasks revealed that the patient was aware of the presence of an affix, but he could not reliably distinguish between different affixes. Conclusions: Performance on regular/irregular past tense forms and the variable levels of performance in producing different regular inflections are in conflict with both DMT and SMT on a number of grounds. The task-related differences between randomly organised lists and paired present and past tense forms are accounted for by distinguishing between morpho-phonological and morpho-syntactic effects. It is argued that deficits confined to the production of regular past tense forms are morpho-phonological in nature, while deficits in both regular and irregular past tense forms originate in morpho-syntax. Since SMT and DMT are theories of morpho-phonological processes, they cannot account for the complex performance pattern presented by the patient in the present study and by other similar patients. The differences attested in the availability of differently affixed words and deficits in irregular past tense forms are only accountable at the level of morpho-syntax. C1 UCL, Dept Human Commun Sci, London WC1 1PF, England. RP Druks, J (reprint author), UCL, Dept Human Commun Sci, Chandler House,2 Wakefield St, London WC1 1PF, England. EM j.druks@ucl.ac.uk CR Baayen Harald, 1993, CELEX LEXICAL DATABA Badecker W, 1997, BRAIN LANG, V60, P360, DOI 10.1006/brln.1997.1845 BADECKER W, 1991, COGNITIVE NEUROPSYCH, V8, P335, DOI 10.1080/02643299108253377 BADECKER W, 1987, BRAIN LANG, V32, P278, DOI 10.1016/0093-934X(87)90129-5 Balaguer RDD, 2004, BRAIN LANG, V91, P212, DOI 10.1016/j.bandl.2004.02.007 Bird H, 2003, J MEM LANG, V48, P502, DOI 10.1016/S0749-596X(02)00538-7 BYBEE J, 1995, LANG COGNITIVE PROC, V10, P425, DOI 10.1080/01690969508407111 Bybee J, 1999, BEHAV BRAIN SCI, V22, P1016, DOI 10.1017/S0140525X99252223 BYBEE JL, 1983, LANGUAGE, V59, P251, DOI 10.2307/413574 Bybee Joan, 1985, MORPHOLOGY STUDY REL Chomsky N., 1968, SOUND PATTERN ENGLIS DAUGHERTY K, 1992, P 14 ANN M COGN SCI De Bleser R., 1988, THEORETICAL MORPHOLO Druks J., 2000, OBJECT ACTION NAMING Druks J, 2005, BRAIN LANG, V94, P1, DOI 10.1016/j.bandl.2004.11.003 Druks J, 2002, COGN NEUROPSYCHOL, V19, P207, DOI 10.1080/02643290143000141 Faroqi-Shah Y, 2004, BRAIN LANG, V89, P484, DOI 10.1016/j.bandl.2003.12.006 Friedmann N, 1997, BRAIN LANG, V56, P397, DOI 10.1006/brln.1997.1795 FUNNELL E, 1987, Q J EXP PSYCHOL-A, V39, P497 GLUSHKO RJ, 1979, J EXP PSYCHOL HUMAN, V5, P674, DOI 10.1037//0096-1523.5.4.674 Goodglass H, 1983, ASSESSMENT APHASIA R, V2nd Goodglass H., 1976, HDB PERCEPTION, V7 GRODZINSKY J, 1990, THEORETICAL PERSPECT HALLE M, 1985, LINGUIST INQ, V16, P57 IZVORKSI R, 1999, BRAIN LANG, V68, P289 Joanisse MF, 1999, P NATL ACAD SCI USA, V96, P7592, DOI 10.1073/pnas.96.13.7592 MACWHINNEY B, 1991, COGNITION, V40, P121, DOI 10.1016/0010-0277(91)90048-9 Marcus GF, 1995, COGNITIVE PSYCHOL, V29, P189, DOI 10.1006/cogp.1995.1015 Marslen-Wilson W, 1998, TRENDS COGN SCI, V2, P428, DOI 10.1016/S1364-6613(98)01239-X MarslenWilson WD, 1997, NATURE, V387, P592, DOI 10.1038/42456 MICELI G, 1988, BRAIN LANG, V35, P24, DOI 10.1016/0093-934X(88)90100-9 NANOUSI V, 2004, THESIS U ESSEX UK Patterson K, 2001, NEUROPSYCHOLOGIA, V39, P709, DOI 10.1016/S0028-3932(01)00008-2 Penke M, 1999, BRAIN LANG, V68, P225, DOI 10.1006/brln.1999.2103 PINKER S, 1991, SCIENCE, V253, P530, DOI 10.1126/science.1857983 Pinker S, 2002, TRENDS COGN SCI, V6, P456, DOI 10.1016/S1364-6613(02)01990-3 Pinker Steven, 1999, WORDS RULES INGREDIE PLUNKETT K, 1991, COGNITION, V38, P43, DOI 10.1016/0010-0277(91)90022-V PLUNKETT K, 1993, COGNITION, V48, P21, DOI 10.1016/0010-0277(93)90057-3 PRASADA S, 1993, LANG COGNITIVE PROC, V8, P1, DOI 10.1080/01690969308406948 Rumelhart D. E., 1986, PARALLEL DISTRIBUTED, V2 SAFFRAN EM, 1980, BRAIN LANG, V10, P263, DOI 10.1016/0093-934X(80)90056-5 SCHWARTZ MF, 1980, BRAIN LANG, V10, P249, DOI 10.1016/0093-934X(80)90055-3 SHALLICE T, 1986, COGNITIVE NEUROPSYCH, V3, P429, DOI 10.1080/02643298608252030 Shapiro K, 2000, COGNITIVE NEUROPSYCH, V17, P665, DOI 10.1080/026432900750038281 Shapiro K, 2003, NEUROPSYCHOLOGIA, V41, P1189, DOI 10.1016/S0028-3932(03)00037-X THOMPSON CK, 1999, BRAIN LANG, V68, P285 Tsapkini K, 2002, BRAIN LANG, V81, P103, DOI 10.1006/brln.2001.2510 Tyler LK, 2002, NEUROPSYCHOLOGIA, V40, P1154, DOI 10.1016/S0028-3932(01)00232-9 Ullman MT, 2001, J PSYCHOLINGUIST RES, V30, P37, DOI 10.1023/A:1005204207369 Ullman MT, 1997, J COGNITIVE NEUROSCI, V9, P266, DOI 10.1162/jocn.1997.9.2.266 ULLMAN MT, 1999, BRAIN LANG, V68, P317 Ullman MT, 2005, BRAIN LANG, V93, P185, DOI 10.1016/j.bandl.2004.10.001 Ullman MT, 1999, APPL PSYCHOLINGUIST, V20, P51 van der Lely HKJ, 2001, LANG COGNITIVE PROC, V16, P177 Wenzlaff M, 2004, BRAIN LANG, V89, P57, DOI 10.1016/S0093-934X(03)00298-0 NR 56 TC 12 Z9 12 PU PSYCHOLOGY PRESS PI HOVE PA 27 CHURCH RD, HOVE BN3 2FA, EAST SUSSEX, ENGLAND SN 0268-7038 J9 APHASIOLOGY JI Aphasiology PD SEP-NOV PY 2006 VL 20 IS 9-11 BP 993 EP 1017 DI 10.1080/02687030600739422 PG 25 WC Clinical Neurology SC Neurosciences & Neurology GA 077MP UT WOS:000240033800009 ER PT J AU Patterson, K Graham, NL Ralph, MAL Hodges, JR AF Patterson, Karalyn Graham, Naida L. Ralph, Matthew A. Lambon Hodges, John R. TI Progressive non-fluent aphasia is not a progressive form of non-fluent (post-stroke) aphasia SO APHASIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID PHONOLOGICAL ALEXIA; ALZHEIMERS-DISEASE; WORD RECOGNITION; LANGUAGE; CONTINUUM; DEMENTIA; DEFICITS; DYSLEXIA AB Background: The speech of patients with progressive non-fluent aphasia (PNFA) has been described as similar to that in non-fluent aphasia (NFA) consequent on stroke. There are, however, few direct empirical comparisons of these two patient populations in the literature. Aims: To test the hypotheses that PNFA cases differ from NFA (a) in the extent to which their speech production deficit varies as a function of speaking task, and (b) in the nature of their phonological deficit. Methods & Procedures: Groups of PNFA and NFA patients (N510 each), matched on scores in a picture-naming test, were assessed on tasks of narrative picture description, reading aloud of text and single words, and phonological abilities such as rhyme judgement and rhyme production. Outcomes & Results: (a) The NFA cases showed equivalent speech rates in selfgenerated speech and reading text aloud, and equivalent error rates when reading text or isolated single words. In contrast, the PNFA cases spoke more rapidly when reading aloud than when producing narrative speech, and achieved higher accuracy when reading single words aloud than when reading words in text. (b) Variation in success rate for reading different types of words (e. g., content words, function words, and nonsense words), error types in reading, and performance on phonological tasks all indicated a different and better quality of phonological processing in PNFA than NFA. Conclusions: Despite some surface similarities, there are telling differences between the speech impairments in PNFA and NFA. The deficit in PNFA particularly compromises self-generated connected speech. C1 MRC, Cognit & Brain Sci Unit, Cambridge CB2 2EF, England. Univ Manchester, Manchester, Lancs, England. RP Patterson, K (reprint author), MRC, Cognit & Brain Sci Unit, 15 Chaucer Rd, Cambridge CB2 2EF, England. EM karalyn.patterson@mrc-cbu.cam.ac.uk RI Lambon Ralph, Matthew/A-1695-2009 CR Balasubramanian V., 1996, BRAIN LANG, V55, P115 Bird H, 2003, J MEM LANG, V48, P502, DOI 10.1016/S0749-596X(02)00538-7 Bishop D. V. M., 1989, TEST RECEPTION GRAMM Bozeat S, 2000, NEUROPSYCHOLOGIA, V38, P1207, DOI 10.1016/S0028-3932(00)00034-8 Broca P., 1861, B SOC ANAT PARIS, V36, P330 Brown J. W., 1972, APHASIA APRAXIA AGNO CAPLAN D, 1987, CAMBRIDGE STUDIES SP CARAMAZZA A, 1981, NEUROPSYCHOLOGICAL C Coltheart M., 1980, DEEP DYSLEXIA COLTHEART M, 1996, COGNITIVE NEUROPYSHC, V13 Crisp J, 2006, J COGNITIVE NEUROSCI, V18, P348, DOI 10.1162/089892906775990543 Farah MJ, 1996, COGNITIVE NEUROPSYCH, V13, P849, DOI 10.1080/026432996381836 Friedman RB, 1996, BRAIN LANG, V52, P114, DOI 10.1006/brln.1996.0006 GARDNER H, 1975, NEUROPSYCHOLOGIA, V13, P181, DOI 10.1016/0028-3932(75)90027-5 Goodglass H, 2001, BOSTON DIAGNOSTIC AP, V3rd Gorno-Tempini ML, 2004, ANN NEUROL, V55, P335, DOI 10.1002/ana.10825 Graham NL, 2004, NEUROCASE, V10, P141, DOI 10.1080/13554790490497256 Grossman M, 1996, J COGNITIVE NEUROSCI, V8, P135, DOI 10.1162/jocn.1996.8.2.135 GROSSMAN M, 2005, NEUROCASE, V10, P3 Hodges J R, 1996, J Int Neuropsychol Soc, V2, P511 Howard D., 1988, MISSING MEANING Howard D., 1992, PYRAMIDS PALM TREES Kertesz A, 2003, J INT NEUROPSYCH SOC, V9, P710, DOI 10.1017/S1355617703950041 Kucera H., 1967, COMPUTATIONAL ANAL P Mendez MF, 2003, NEUROLOGY, V61, P1108 Mesulam MM, 2001, ANN NEUROL, V49, P425, DOI 10.1002/ana.91 MESULAM MM, 1982, ANN NEUROL, V11, P592, DOI 10.1002/ana.410110607 NELSON HE, 1976, CORTEX, V12, P313 Nestor PJ, 2003, BRAIN, V126, P2406, DOI 10.1093/brain/awg240 Patterson K., 1994, NEUROPSYCHOLOGY, V8, P395, DOI 10.1037//0894-4105.8.3.395 PATTERSON K, 1989, BRAIN, V112, P39, DOI 10.1093/brain/112.1.39 Patterson K, 1996, COGNITIVE NEUROPSYCH, V13, P803, DOI 10.1080/026432996381818 Patterson K., 1992, ANAL APPROACHES HUMA Patterson K. E., 1982, NORMALITY PATHOLOGY Plaut DC, 1996, PSYCHOL REV, V103, P56, DOI 10.1037/0033-295X.103.1.56 SAFFRAN EM, 1980, LANGUAGE PRODUCTION, V1 SEIDENBERG MS, 1989, PSYCHOL REV, V96, P523, DOI 10.1037/0033-295X.96.4.523 SHALLICE T, 1975, Q J EXP PSYCHOL, V27, P187, DOI 10.1080/14640747508400479 SNODGRASS JG, 1980, J EXP PSYCHOL-HUM L, V6, P174, DOI 10.1037/0278-7393.6.2.174 Snowden J. S., 1996, FRONTOTEMPORAL LOBAR Thompson CK, 1997, APHASIOLOGY, V11, P297, DOI 10.1080/02687039708248473 NR 41 TC 28 Z9 28 PU PSYCHOLOGY PRESS PI HOVE PA 27 CHURCH RD, HOVE BN3 2FA, EAST SUSSEX, ENGLAND SN 0268-7038 J9 APHASIOLOGY JI Aphasiology PD SEP-NOV PY 2006 VL 20 IS 9-11 BP 1018 EP 1034 DI 10.1080/02687030600739463 PG 17 WC Clinical Neurology SC Neurosciences & Neurology GA 077MP UT WOS:000240033800010 ER PT J AU Code, C Muller, N Tree, JT Ball, MJ AF Code, Chris Muller, Nicole Tree, Jeremy T. Ball, Martin J. TI Syntactic impairments can emerge later: Progressive agrammatic agraphia and syntactic comprehension impairment SO APHASIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID SHORT-TERM-MEMORY; VERB RETRIEVAL; WORKING-MEMORY; APHASIA; LANGUAGE; SPEECH; DEMENTIA; DEGENERATION; PERFORMANCE; DISORDERS AB Background & Aims: Recent studies suggest that agrammatism is not a major feature of progressive nonfluent aphasia, at least not in the earlier years post-onset. We investigated the emergence of syntactic impairments over a 3-year period in CS, a 63-year-old man 8 years post-onset of progressive speech difficulties. CS has a range of progressive cognitive impairments, including progressive nonfluent aphasia, and limb and other apraxias (with a progressive non-aphasic and mostly non-dysarthric speech deterioration), but relatively intact intelligence, perception, orientation, long-term memory, semantics, and phonology. Writing impairments did not emerge until some 8 years after naming and speech impairments were first noticed, and after CS became mute. Methods & Procedures: We undertook detailed longitudinal examination of word and sentence writing and syntactic comprehension across a range of tasks and examined the impact of short-term memory. We were concerned to examine the data for evidence of agrammatic features, particularly in noun and verb use, and use of formulaic and simplified syntactic structures as the condition progressed. Outcomes & Results: Analysis showed a progressive emergence of deficits on tests of written syntax, syntactic comprehension, and auditory-verbal short-term memory. There was a progressive reduction in verb and noun use, but this was related to the kind of stimulus used. Features of agrammatism were evident in writing with a progressive dependence on formulaic and simplified syntax. C1 Univ Exeter, Sch Psychol, Ctr Cognit Neurosci, Washington Singer Labs, Exeter EX4 4QG, Devon, England. Univ Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia. Univ Louisiana, Lafayette, LA USA. Univ Wales Inst, Cardiff, Wales. RP Code, C (reprint author), Univ Exeter, Sch Psychol, Ctr Cognit Neurosci, Washington Singer Labs, Exeter EX4 4QG, Devon, England. EM c.f.s.code@exeter.ac.uk CR ARMSTRONG DF, 1994, CURR ANTHROPOL, V35, P349, DOI 10.1086/204290 Baddeley A., 1987, ATTENTION PERFORM, VXII, P509 Baddeley A, 2003, J COMMUN DISORD, V36, P189, DOI 10.1016/S0021-9924(03)00019-4 BADDELEY A, 1985, J MEM LANG, V24, P490, DOI 10.1016/0749-596X(85)90041-5 VALLAR G, 1984, J VERB LEARN VERB BE, V23, P151, DOI 10.1016/S0022-5371(84)90104-X Ball MJ, 2004, CLIN LINGUIST PHONET, V18, P447, DOI 10.1080/02699200410001703646 Bastiaanse R, 1998, APHASIOLOGY, V12, P951, DOI 10.1080/02687039808249463 Berndt RS, 1997, BRAIN LANG, V56, P107 Bishop D. V. M., 1989, TEST RECEPTION GRAMM Broussolle E, 1996, J NEUROL SCI, V144, P44, DOI 10.1016/S0022-510X(96)00096-2 Byng S., 1999, REVERSIBLE SENTENCE Caplan D., 1987, NEUROLINGUISTICS LIN CAPLAN D, 1995, BRAIN LANG, V48, P191, DOI 10.1006/brln.1995.1009 Caplan D., 1990, NEUROPSYCHOLOGICAL I, P337, DOI 10.1017/CBO9780511665547.019 CAPLAN D, 2006, APHASIOLOGY, V20, P895 CARAMAZZA A, 1981, BRAIN LANG, V14, P235, DOI 10.1016/0093-934X(81)90078-X Croot K, 1998, BRAIN LANG, V61, P226, DOI 10.1006/brln.1997.1852 Dean MP, 2005, APHASIOLOGY, V19, P521, DOI 10.1080/02687030544000001 DeBleser R, 1996, J NEUROLINGUIST, V9, P175, DOI 10.1016/0911-6044(96)00007-3 Dede G, 2006, APHASIOLOGY, V20, P123, DOI 10.1080/02687030500472413 Garrard P, 1999, APHASIOLOGY, V13, P609 Goodglass H, 2001, BOSTON DIAGNOSTIC AP, V3rd Goodglass H., 1976, STUDIES NEUROLINGUIS, V1 Gorno-Tempini ML, 2004, NEUROCASE, V10, P426, DOI 10.1080/13554790490894011 Graham NL, 2004, NEUROCASE, V10, P141, DOI 10.1080/13554790490497256 Grodzinsky Y, 2000, BEHAV BRAIN SCI, V23, P1, DOI 10.1017/S0140525X00002399 Guasti MT, 2002, BRAIN COGNITION, V48, P385, DOI 10.1006/brcg.2001.1383 Harasty JA, 1999, BRAIN, V122, P675, DOI 10.1093/brain/122.4.675 Howard D., 1992, PYRAMIDS PALM TREES Howard D, 2005, COGN NEUROPSYCHOL, V22, P42, DOI 10.1080/02643290342000582 Isserlin M, 1922, Z GESAMTE NEUROL PSY, V75, P332, DOI 10.1007/BF02901581 JEFFERIES E, 2006, APHASIOLOGY, V20, P965 Kay J., 1992, PSYCHOLINGUISTIC ASS KERTESZ A, 1994, NEUROLOGY, V44, P2065 LENNEBERG E, 1975, FDN LANGUAGE DEV MUL, V2 LESSER R, 1976, NEUROPSYCHOLOGIA, V14, P79, DOI 10.1016/0028-3932(76)90009-9 LORCH MP, 1989, CHARACTERISTICS APHA Lucchelli F, 2005, NEUROCASE, V11, P234, DOI 10.1080/13554790590944889 LUZZATTI C, IN PRESS CORTEX Luzzi S, 2003, BRAIN LANG, V87, P355, DOI 10.1016/S0093-934X(03)00134-2 MARSHALL J, 1993, APHASIOLOGY, V7, P177, DOI 10.1080/02687039308249505 MARSHALL J, 1999, EVENT PERCEPTION TES Menn L., 1995, NONFLUENT APHASIA MU Mesulam MM, 2003, NEW ENGL J MED, V349, P1535, DOI 10.1056/NEJMra022435 MESULAM MM, 1982, ANN NEUROL, V11, P592, DOI 10.1002/ana.410110607 Miceli G., 1984, CORTEX, V20, P217 Nestor PJ, 2003, BRAIN, V126, P2406, DOI 10.1093/brain/awg240 PATTERSON K, 2006, APHASIOLOGY, V20, P1020 ROMANI C, 1994, LANG COGNITIVE PROC, V9, P29, DOI 10.1080/01690969408402109 Ruigendijk E, 2002, APHASIOLOGY, V16, P383, DOI 10.1080/02687030244000310 SAFFRAN EM, 1975, BRAIN LANG, V2, P420, DOI 10.1016/S0093-934X(75)80081-2 Snowden J. S, 1989, BEHAV NEUROL, V2, P167 Snowden J. S., 1996, FRONTOTEMPORAL LOBAR Tree JJ, 2005, COGN NEUROPSYCHOL, V22, P643, DOI 10.1080/02643290442000220 Tree JJ, 2001, NEUROCASE, V7, P473, DOI 10.1093/neucas/7.6.473 Webster J, 2004, APHASIOLOGY, V18, P47, DOI 10.1080/02687030344000481 Webster J, 2005, APHASIOLOGY, V19, P748, DOI 10.1080/02687030500166957 WEBSTER J, 1999, THESIS U NEWCASTLE U NR 58 TC 7 Z9 7 PU PSYCHOLOGY PRESS PI HOVE PA 27 CHURCH RD, HOVE BN3 2FA, EAST SUSSEX, ENGLAND SN 0268-7038 J9 APHASIOLOGY JI Aphasiology PD SEP-NOV PY 2006 VL 20 IS 9-11 BP 1035 EP 1058 DI 10.1080/02687030600739539 PG 24 WC Clinical Neurology SC Neurosciences & Neurology GA 077MP UT WOS:000240033800011 ER PT J AU Lorch, MP AF Lorch, Marjorie Perlman TI Phrenology and methodology, or "playing tennis with the net down" SO APHASIOLOGY LA English DT Article AB Background: In 1835, the British Association for the Advancement of Science exhumed the skull of Jonathan Swift, author of Gulliver's Travels, to submit it to phrenological scrutiny and ascertain the cause of his final illness. The behaviour Swift exhibited during the final 3 years of his life - including memory impairment, personality alterations, language disorder, and facial paralysis -was the cause of much speculation among his contemporaries. Aims: This paper will review the debate between Phrenologists and Alienists, which was focused on the significance of the physical evidence presented by Swift's skull, and its implications for explaining behavioural patterns during his lifetime. His skull was the subject of research and rebuttal over a 12-year period, played out in the major medical publications of the day. Main Contribution: The focus of the arguments hinged on two issues that resonate today in research on cortical localisation of function: the correlation between anatomy and physiology, and the implications of pathology for both. Conclusion: Examination of the 19th-century debate over the evidence represented by Jonathan Swift's skull for brain/behaviour correlations illuminates methodological and theoretical assumptions. C1 Univ London, Birkbeck Coll, Sch Languages Linguist & Culture, London WC1H 0PD, England. RP Lorch, MP (reprint author), Univ London, Birkbeck Coll, Sch Languages Linguist & Culture, 43 Gordan Sq, London WC1H 0PD, England. EM m.lorch@bbk.ac.uk RI Lorch, Marjorie/F-8493-2010 OI Lorch, Marjorie/0000-0001-8505-8815 CR COMBE G, 1946, LANCET 1219, V19, P661 COMBE G, 2006, LANCET 0102, P8 COMBE G, 1947, LANCET 0821, P194 Cooter Roger, 1984, CULTURAL MEANING POP Franz SI, 1912, SCIENCE, V35, P321, DOI 10.1126/science.35.896.321 Gall F.J., 1835, FUNCTIONS BRAIN EACH Hagner M, 2003, SCI CONTEXT, V16, P195, DOI 10.1017/S0269889703000784 HOUSTON J, 1934, PHRENOLOGICAL J MISC, V9, P603 JOHNSON S, 1890, LIVES POETS, V3, P2 LORCH M, 2005, BRAIN MIND MED 18 CE MACLEOD R, 1936, LONDON MED GAZE 0102, P543 Malcolm E., 1989, SWIFTS HOSP HIST ST Marshall JC, 2003, NEUROIMAGE, V20, pS2, DOI 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2003.09.001 MARSHALL JC, 1984, COGNITION, V17, P209, DOI 10.1016/0010-0277(84)90007-6 Marshall JC, 1996, J NEUROLINGUIST, V9, P297, DOI 10.1016/S0911-6044(97)82800-X MARSHALL JC, 1982, BIOL STUDIES MENTAL Marshall JC, 2001, NATURE, V414, P151, DOI 10.1038/35102640 MARSHALL JC, 1995, J NEUROLINGUIST, V8, P289 SKAE D, 1847, LANCET 0731, P123 SKAE D, 1847, PHRENOLOGICAL J JUL Uttal WR, 2001, NEW PHRENOLOGY LIMIT WILDE W, 1949, CLOSING YEARS DEAN S WILDE W, 1847, DUBLIN J MED CHEM 2, V4, P1 WILDE W, 1847, DUBLIN J MED CHEM 1, V3, P384 WILLIAMS H, 1965, CORRESPONDANCE J SWI Wilson AM, 2003, GEOFLUIDS, V3, P291 Young Robert, 1970, MIND BRAIN ADAPTATIO 1846, BRIT Q REV NOV, P397 1836, LONDON MED GAZE 0102, P530 1836, LANCET 1226, P502 1835, LONDON MED GAZE 1024, P115 1834, PHRENOLOGICAL J MISC, V9, P466 1836, LONDON MED GAZE 0521, P296 1834, PHRENOLOGICAL J MISC, V9, P558 1847, PHRENOLOGICAL J MAGA, V20, P441 NR 35 TC 0 Z9 0 PU PSYCHOLOGY PRESS PI HOVE PA 27 CHURCH RD, HOVE BN3 2FA, EAST SUSSEX, ENGLAND SN 0268-7038 J9 APHASIOLOGY JI Aphasiology PD SEP-NOV PY 2006 VL 20 IS 9-11 BP 1059 EP 1071 DI 10.1080/02687030600741592 PG 13 WC Clinical Neurology SC Neurosciences & Neurology GA 077MP UT WOS:000240033800012 ER PT J AU Eling, P AF Eling, Paul TI The psycholinguistic approach to aphasia of Chajim Steinthal SO APHASIOLOGY LA English DT Article AB Background: Aphasiology developed in the 19th century as a primary area of research for the localisation of function in the brain. It was based on a rather primitive notion of language as a psychological function: input and output of words, in particular nouns. Aphasiology turned into neurolinguistics in the second half of the 20th century, when researchers realised that a linguistically based theory should form the basis of the analysis of language performance deficits. Aims: The current paper argues that in a very early stage of aphasiology the claim was already formulated that a psycholinguistically oriented approach was necessary. This claim was made by Chajim Steinthal (1823 - 1893), but it was completely neglected. Main Contribution: In this paper, I will present Steinthal's psycholinguistic views on aphasia, described in his textbook on psycholinguistics in 1871. Conclusions: Steinthal formulated a psycholinguistically based theory of language disorders, in which a distinction was made between disorders at the word level and at the sentence level. Moreover, the nature of the deficit was a reduction of the capacity to activate representations and not a loss of word forms. Steinthal thus may be considered a founder not only of psycholinguistics, but also of neurolinguistics. C1 Radboud Univ Nijmegen, NICI, NL-6500 HE Nijmegen, Netherlands. RP Eling, P (reprint author), Radboud Univ Nijmegen, NICI, POB 9104, NL-6500 HE Nijmegen, Netherlands. EM p.eling@nici.ru.nl RI Eling, Paul/D-5786-2012 CR Boring E. G., 1957, HIST EXPT PSYCHOL BUMANN W, 1965, SPRACHTHEORIE HEYMAN CHRISTY TC, 1989, THEORIEN URSPRUNG SP CHRISTY TC, 1987, PAPERS HIST LINGUIST DEBLESER R, 1987, COGNITIVE NEUROPSYCH, V4, P187, DOI 10.1080/02643298708252039 Eggert G. H., 1977, WERNICKES WORKS APHA Eling P., 1994, READER HIST APHASIA Eling P, 2005, J NEUROLINGUIST, V18, P301, DOI 10.1016/j.jneuroling.2004.11.009 Finkelnburg F. C., 1870, BERLINER KLINISCHE W, V7, p[449, 460] JACYNA S, 1999, BRAIN LANG, V69, P5 LEVELT W, 1992, INT ENCY LINGUISTICS, V3 Lichtheim L., 1885, BRAIN, V7, P433 MARSHALL J, 1994, READER HIST APHASIA Steinthal H, 1871, ABRISS SPRACHWISSENS UTTAL W, 2001, BRAIN IMAGING NEW PH Wernicke C, 1974, APHASISCHE SYMPTOMEN Wiedebach Hartwig, 2002, CHAJIM STEINTHAL SPR Wundt Wilhelm, 1901, SPRACHGESCHICHTE SPR ZURIF EB, 1972, NEUROPSYCHOLOGIA, V10, P405, DOI 10.1016/0028-3932(72)90003-6 NR 19 TC 1 Z9 1 PU PSYCHOLOGY PRESS PI HOVE PA 27 CHURCH RD, HOVE BN3 2FA, EAST SUSSEX, ENGLAND SN 0268-7038 J9 APHASIOLOGY JI Aphasiology PD SEP-NOV PY 2006 VL 20 IS 9-11 BP 1072 EP 1084 DI 10.1080/02687030600741600 PG 13 WC Clinical Neurology SC Neurosciences & Neurology GA 077MP UT WOS:000240033800013 ER PT J AU Buckingham, HW AF Buckingham, Hugh W. TI Was Sigmund Freud the first neogrammarian neurolinguist? SO APHASIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID APHASIA; BEHAVIOR; HISTORY; FREUD AB Background: Over 30 years ago in a paper, John C. Marshall suggested that Sigmund Freud was the first neogrammarian neurolinguist. This claim has only rarely been assessed in any depth as to its plausibility. Nevertheless, the issues, ideas, and personalities that Marshall in his study considered were significant in 19th-century neuropsychology, were being debated at the time he wrote his paper, and are still among the major questions being asked today in the "mind/brain'' approach to modern neuroscience. Aims: The primary objective of the present contribution to John's Festschrift is to revisit his evaluation of Freud as the first neogrammarian neurolinguist. The basic point Marshall was considering was that Freud not only seriously read, understood, and incorporated the current works of anatomy and classical aphasiology, but also brought to bear on his theories works from the newly formed fields of evolutionary psychology and historical linguistics. The present paper will show how Freud wove these areas together within a framework of "mind and brain'', opting to work at the abstract levels of language description that were more in line with the ways in which psychologists and linguists approached the study of human language. Main Contribution: The paper demonstrates the value of Marshall's claim as a focal point for an historical analysis of the contributions from psychology and linguistics to the early scientific study of language and the brain, and traces the often unappreciated role of 19th-century Indo-European linguistics, especially in the case where those, such as Berthold Delbruck, dared to delve into the data of aphasia - largely the anomias. Conclusions: The compatible descriptive levels of psychology and linguistics served to guide the early formulations of a more mentalistic and less physicalistic nature of the aphasias, an account that reflects the 19th-century coalescence of the fields of historical, psycho- and neuro-linguistics. Whether Berthold Delbruck, the neogrammarian, deserves to be given equal billing as the first neogrammarian neurolinguist is considered, and the conclusion is that, indeed, he does. C1 Louisiana State Univ, Dept Commun Sci & Disorders, Baton Rouge, LA 70803 USA. RP Buckingham, HW (reprint author), Louisiana State Univ, Dept Commun Sci & Disorders, Baton Rouge, LA 70803 USA. EM hbuck@lsu.edu CR ARENS K, 1984, STANFORD GERMAN STUD, V23 Bay E, 1969, Cortex, V5, P302 Bickerton Derek, 1990, LANGUAGE SPECIES Buckingham HW, 1999, BRAIN LANG, V69, P76, DOI 10.1006/brln.1999.2043 BUCKINGHAM HW, 1980, SPEC S 18 ANN M AC A BUCKINGHAM HW, 1986, MODELS MODULES STUDI, P209 BUCKINGHAM HW, 1982, SPEECH LANGUAGE ADV, P313 BUCKINGHAM HW, 1982, SPEECH LANGUAGE HEAR, P323 Buckingham HW, 2002, CONNECTIONIST APPROACHES TO CLINICAL PROBLEMS IN SPEECH AND LAGUAGE, P265 CAMPBELL L, 2001, HDB LINGUISTICS, P81 Chomsky N., 1968, SOUND PATTERN ENGLIS CUTLER A, 1978, VERSPRECHEN VERLESEN DEBLESER R, IN PRESS CORTEX DECOURTENAY JB, 1985, BAUDOUIN COURTENAY A DELBRUCK B, 1986, JENAISCHE ZEITSCHRIF, V20, P91 Dell GS, 1997, PSYCHOL REV, V104, P801, DOI 10.1037/0033-295X.104.4.801 DEVINSKY O, 1997, N GESCHWIND SELECTED ELING P, 2006, APHASIOLOGY, V20, P1074 Eling P., 1994, READER HIST APHASIA Engelhardt H T Jr, 1975, Bull Hist Med, V49, P137 Finger S, 2000, MINDS BRAIN HIST PIO Finger Stanley, 1994, ORIGINS NEUROSCIENCE Freud S, 1891, APHASIA CRITICAL STU Greenberg V. D., 1997, FREUD HIS APHASIA BO Hammarberg R., 1976, J PHONETICS, V4, P353 HOMMES OR, 1994, READER HIST APHASIA, P169 Jackson JH, 1879, BRAIN, V2, P323 JACYNA LS, 2000, LAST WORDS NARRATIVE JAREMA G, 1993, BRAIN LANG, V45, P495, DOI 10.1006/brln.1993.1057 LECOURS AR, 1987, MOTOR SENSORY PROCES, P1 Liepmann H., 1905, MUNCHEN MED WOCHEN, V49, P2322 LORCH MP, 2006, APHASIOLOGY, V20, P1061 MARSHALL JC, 1974, FREUD COLLECTION CRI, P349 MARX OM, 1967, AM J PSYCHIAT, V124, P815 Menand L, 1998, NEW YORK REV BO 1217, P81 MERINGER M, 1995, VERSPRECHEN VERLESEN MOTLEY MT, 1976, COGNITION, V4, P177, DOI 10.1016/0010-0277(76)90003-2 Nespoulous JL, 1998, APPL PSYCHOLINGUIST, V19, P311, DOI 10.1017/S0142716400010080 Pick A., 1931, APHASIA Robins R. H., 1967, SHORT HIST LINGUISTI ROY EA, 1982, NORMALITY PATHOLOGY, P265 SCHACTER SC, 1997, BEHAV NEUROLOGY LEGA Schiller Francis, 1979, P BROCA FOUNDER FREN Sebeok T. A., 1966, PORTRAITS LINGUISTS Sidtis DVL, 2004, INT J LANG COMM DIS, V39, P1, DOI 10.1080/13682820310001601080 Spencer H., 1855, PRINCIPLES PSYCHOL Starr MA, 1889, BRAIN, V12, P82, DOI 10.1093/brain/12.1-2.82 Wallesch CW, 2004, APHASIOLOGY, V18, P389, DOI 10.1080/02687030344000599 WICKELGR.WA, 1969, PSYCHOL REV, V76, P1, DOI 10.1037/h0026823 NR 49 TC 2 Z9 2 PU PSYCHOLOGY PRESS PI HOVE PA 27 CHURCH RD, HOVE BN3 2FA, EAST SUSSEX, ENGLAND SN 0268-7038 J9 APHASIOLOGY JI Aphasiology PD SEP-NOV PY 2006 VL 20 IS 9-11 BP 1085 EP 1104 DI 10.1080/02687030600741626 PG 20 WC Clinical Neurology SC Neurosciences & Neurology GA 077MP UT WOS:000240033800014 ER PT J AU Semenza, C Grana, A Girelli, L AF Semenza, Carlo Grana, Alessia Girelli, Luisa TI On knowing about nothing: The processing of zero in single- and multi-digit multiplication SO APHASIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID ARITHMETIC FACTS; DYSCALCULIA; KNOWLEDGE; PATIENT AB Background: Zero has a special role in calculation: indeed it is not obvious which representation may be invoked in multiplication or division by zero. In particular, zero as an operand, unlike any other operand, makes any quantity disappear. Aims: The study is intended to shed light on the mechanisms mediating the manipulation of zero. Methods & Procedures: Three neuropsychological patients, AF, FV, and FS, are described, whose specific pattern of preserved/ impaired performance with single-and multi-digit multiplication shows selective problems with the use of zero (Nx0 and 0xN). Outcome & Results: AF's performance in single-and multi-digit multiplication showed a clear dissociation between spared fact-based problems and impaired 0 rule-based problems. FV was totally unable, in multi-digit multiplication, to apply adequately the 0 rule that he could master in simple calculation. Finally, FS showed, within the rule-based problems, a clear-cut dissociation between a preserved performance on Nx0 problems and an impaired performance on 0xN problems, a difficulty that almost disappeared in multi-digit multiplications. Conclusions: Overall the reported dissociations indicate that a full grasp of the concept of zero may not be used in routine calculation, and that processing of zero rather appears to rely on a collection of independent, shallow representations. C1 Univ Trieste, Dipartimento Psicol, I-34134 Trieste, Italy. Ist Med Fis & Riabilitaz, Udine, Italy. Univ Milan Bicocca, Milan, Italy. RP Semenza, C (reprint author), Univ Trieste, Dipartimento Psicol, Via S Anastasio 12, I-34134 Trieste, Italy. EM semenza@univ.trieste.it CR Butterworth B, 1999, MATH BRAIN Dehaene S, 1997, CORTEX, V33, P219, DOI 10.1016/S0010-9452(08)70002-9 Delazer M, 1997, CORTEX, V33, P697, DOI 10.1016/S0010-9452(08)70727-5 GIRELLI L, 2006, UNPUB MISCONCEPTIONS Girelli L, 1996, CORTEX, V32, P547 HITTMAIRDELAZER M, 1995, CORTEX, V31, P139 HITTMAIRDELAZER M, 1994, BRAIN, V117, P715, DOI 10.1093/brain/117.4.715 Kline M., 1972, MATH THOUGHT ANCIENT, VI LUZZATI C, 1991, AACHENER APHASIA TES MCCLOSKEY M, 1992, COGNITION, V44, P107, DOI 10.1016/0010-0277(92)90052-J MCCLOSKEY M, 1991, BRAIN COGNITION, V17, P154, DOI 10.1016/0278-2626(91)90074-I MICELI G, 1999, HDB CLIN EXPT NEUROP Pesenti M, 2000, CORTEX, V36, P445, DOI 10.1016/S0010-9452(08)70853-0 Resnick L. B., 1982, ADDITION SUBTRACTION, P136 SOKOL SM, 1991, J EXP PSYCHOL LEARN, V17, P355, DOI 10.1037/0278-7393.17.3.355 WELLMAN HM, 1986, BRIT J DEV PSYCHOL, V4, P31 Wynn K, 1998, TRENDS COGN SCI, V2, P296 NR 17 TC 7 Z9 7 PU PSYCHOLOGY PRESS PI HOVE PA 27 CHURCH RD, HOVE BN3 2FA, EAST SUSSEX, ENGLAND SN 0268-7038 J9 APHASIOLOGY JI Aphasiology PD SEP-NOV PY 2006 VL 20 IS 9-11 BP 1105 EP 1111 DI 10.1080/02687030600741659 PG 7 WC Clinical Neurology SC Neurosciences & Neurology GA 077MP UT WOS:000240033800015 ER PT J AU Bub, DN Masson, MEJ AF Bub, Daniel N. Masson, Michael E. J. TI Gestural knowledge evoked by objects as part of conceptual representations SO APHASIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID CONFIDENCE-INTERVALS; CATEGORIZATION; LANGUAGE; WORDS AB Background: Theories of embodied knowledge argue that the representation and recruitment of motor processes may be important for deriving the meaning of many linguistic and perceptual elements. Aims: We examined the conditions under which gestural knowledge associated with manipulable objects is evoked. Methods & Procedures: A priming paradigm was used in which an object was presented in advance of a photograph of a hand gesture that participants were to mimic. On related trials, the target gesture was the same as the gesture typically used to interact with the object prime. On unrelated trials, the target gesture was not related to the object. In another set of experiments, a Stroop- like paradigm was used in which participants learned to produce manual responses to colour cues. After training, coloured photographs of manipulable objects were presented. The colour- cued gesture was either one typically used with the object or was unrelated to it. Outcomes & Results: In the priming experiments, response latencies were shorter in the related condition, but only when participants also made an identification response to the object prime. In the Stroop experiments, interference effects indicated that gestures to colour were affected by gestural knowledge associated with the object. Conclusions: These results indicate that conceptual representations of manipulable objects include specific forms of gestural knowledge that are automatically evoked when observers attend to an object. C1 Univ Victoria, Dept Psychol, Victoria, BC V8W 3P5, Canada. RP Bub, DN (reprint author), Univ Victoria, Dept Psychol, POB 3050 STN CSC, Victoria, BC V8W 3P5, Canada. EM dbub@uvic.ca CR Allport DA, 1985, CURRENT PERSPECTIVES Barsalou LW, 2003, TRENDS COGN SCI, V7, P84, DOI 10.1016/S1364-6613(02)00029-3 Bub DN, 2003, PSYCHOL SCI, V14, P467, DOI 10.1111/1467-9280.02455 BUB DN, 2006, UNPUB EVOCATION FUNC Chao LL, 2000, NEUROIMAGE, V12, P478, DOI 10.1006/nimg.2000.0635 Creem-Regehr SH, 2005, COGNITIVE BRAIN RES, V22, P457, DOI 10.1016/j.cogbrainres.2004.10.006 Devlin JT, 2002, NEUROIMAGE, V15, P675, DOI 10.1006/nimg.2001.1002 Fagg AH, 1998, NEURAL NETWORKS, V11, P1277, DOI 10.1016/S0893-6080(98)00047-1 Gallese V, 2005, COGN NEUROPSYCHOL, V22, P455, DOI 10.1080/02643290442000310 Gerlach C, 2002, J COGNITIVE NEUROSCI, V14, P1230, DOI 10.1162/089892902760807221 Glenberg AM, 2002, PSYCHON B REV, V9, P558, DOI 10.3758/BF03196313 Glover S, 2004, EXP BRAIN RES, V154, P103, DOI 10.1007/s00221-003-1659-2 JEANNEROD M, 1994, NEUROPSYCHOLOGIA, V32, P369, DOI 10.1016/0028-3932(94)90084-1 Johnson SH, 2003, PROG BRAIN RES, V142, P127 LOFTUS GR, 1994, PSYCHON B REV, V1, P476, DOI 10.3758/BF03210951 Masson MEJ, 2003, CAN J EXP PSYCHOL, V57, P203, DOI 10.1037/h0087426 MYUNG JY, IN PRESS COGNITION Sakata H, 1997, TRENDS NEUROSCI, V20, P350, DOI 10.1016/S0166-2236(97)01067-9 Stroop JR, 1935, J EXP PSYCHOL, V18, P643, DOI 10.1037/0096-3445.121.1.15 Tucker M, 2004, ACTA PSYCHOL, V116, P185, DOI 10.1016/j.actpsy.2004.01.004 Tucker M, 2001, VIS COGN, V8, P769 Tucker M, 1998, J EXP PSYCHOL HUMAN, V24, P830, DOI 10.1037//0096-1523.24.3.830 Zwaan RA, 2006, J EXP PSYCHOL GEN, V135, P1, DOI 10.1037/0096-3445.135.1.1 NR 23 TC 19 Z9 21 PU PSYCHOLOGY PRESS PI HOVE PA 27 CHURCH RD, HOVE BN3 2FA, EAST SUSSEX, ENGLAND SN 0268-7038 J9 APHASIOLOGY JI Aphasiology PD SEP-NOV PY 2006 VL 20 IS 9-11 BP 1112 EP 1124 DI 10.1080/02687030600741667 PG 13 WC Clinical Neurology SC Neurosciences & Neurology GA 077MP UT WOS:000240033800016 ER PT J AU Watts, AJ Douglas, JM AF Watts, Amy J. Douglas, Jacinta M. TI Interpreting facial expression and communication competence following severe traumatic brain injury SO APHASIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID CLOSED HEAD-INJURY; CLINICAL TOOL; DISCOURSE; RECOGNITION; PERCEPTION; ABILITY; ADULTS; SKILLS AB Background: Facial expression is generally understood as playing a crucial role in communication, conveying both information and emotion. This study explored the nexus between the ability to interpret facial expression and communication competence for individuals with traumatic brain injury (TBI). Aims: Three research questions were addressed. The first two questions involved a comparison of TBI and control participants on perceived communication competence, and ability to interpret facial expression. The third research question addressed whether a relationship exists between ability to interpret facial expression and perceived communication competence, in individuals with TBI. Methods & Procedures: Participants included 12 individuals with severe TBI ( PTA. 7 days), and a group of matched controls. A measure of perceived communication competence ( the La Trobe Communication Questionnaire, LCQ) and a measure related to the interpretation of facial expression ( the Emotion Evaluation Test) were administered to TBI and control participants All participants nominated a ''close-other'' who completed the close-other form of the LCQ. Outcomes & Results: Results revealed that TBI participants were perceived to have significantly more difficulties with communication than control participants ( p = .002). Similarly, results also revealed that TBI participants had significantly more difficulty interpreting facial expression than control participants (p < .001). Pearson's Correlation Coefficient ( r) calculations demonstrated a significant relationship between ability to interpret facial expression and close-other perception of communication competence ( r = 5.532). Conclusions: Results are consistent with previous research, and suggest that ability to interpret facial expression is closely related to perceived communication competence, in individuals with TBI. This understanding has implications for rehabilitation and may inform the development of treatment strategies specifically targeting impairment in the ability to read facial expression. C1 La Trobe Univ, Sch Human Commun Sci, Bundoora, Vic 3083, Australia. RP Douglas, JM (reprint author), La Trobe Univ, Sch Human Commun Sci, Bundoora, Vic 3083, Australia. EM J.Douglas@latrobe.edu.au RI Douglas, Jacinta/C-2380-2009 CR Bracy C., 2005, BRAIN IMPAIR, V6, P1, DOI 10.1375/brim.6.1.1.65476 Braun C M, 1989, Brain Inj, V3, P5, DOI 10.3109/02699058909008068 COHEN J, 1992, PSYCHOL BULL, V112, P155, DOI 10.1037/0033-2909.112.1.155 Damico J. S., 1985, COMMUNICATION SKILLS, P165 Douglas J., 2004, EVIDENCE BASED PRACT Douglas JM, 2000, APHASIOLOGY, V14, P251 FLANAGAN S, 1995, BRAIN INJURY, V9, P321, DOI 10.3109/02699059509005773 FRATTALI CM, 1995, ASHA FUNCTIONAL ASSE Galski T, 1998, BRAIN INJURY, V12, P769, DOI 10.1080/026990598122160 Grice H. P., 1975, SYNTAX SEMANTICS, P41, DOI DOI 10.1017/S0022226700005296 JACKSON HF, 1987, CORTEX, V23, P293 HARTLEY L L, 1991, Brain Injury, V5, P267, DOI 10.3109/02699059109008097 Karrow C.M., 2003, SEMINARS SPEECH LANG, V24, P69 LILES BZ, 1989, J SPEECH HEAR DISORD, V54, P356 McDonald S, 2000, APHASIOLOGY, V14, P339, DOI 10.1080/026870300401397 MCDONALD S, 1993, BRAIN LANG, V44, P28, DOI 10.1006/brln.1993.1003 McDonald S., 2005, BRAIN IMPAIR, V6, P56, DOI 10.1375/brim.6.1.56.65481 MCDONALD S, 2002, TVTC AWARENESS SOCIA McDonald S, 2003, J HEAD TRAUMA REHAB, V18, P219, DOI 10.1097/00001199-200305000-00001 MCDONALD S, 1999, COMMUNICATION DISORD, P19 McNeill-Brown D., 1997, INT PERSPECTIVES TRA, P247 MENTIS M, 1987, J SPEECH HEAR RES, V30, P88 Milders M, 2003, J CLIN EXP NEUROPSYC, V25, P157, DOI 10.1076/jcen.25.2.157.13642 Murdoch B. E., 2001, TRAUMATIC BRAIN INJU NOWICKI S, 1993, J SOC PSYCHOL, V133, P749 PRIGATANO GP, 1982, J PERCEPTUAL MOTOR S, V54, P859 RUSSELL WR, 1961, ARCH NEUROL-CHICAGO, V5, P4 SHORES A, 1986, MED J AUSTRALIA, V144, P569 Snow P, 1997, BRAIN INJURY, V11, P409 SNOW P, 1999, COMMUNICATION DISORD, P19 Snow P, 1998, BRAIN INJURY, V12, P911, DOI 10.1080/026990598121981 Spell LA, 2000, J NONVERBAL BEHAV, V24, P285, DOI 10.1023/A:1006675230193 Togher L, 1997, BRAIN INJURY, V11, P169, DOI 10.1080/026990597123629 Ylvisaker M., 2001, LANGUAGE INTERVENTIO, P745 NR 34 TC 26 Z9 27 PU PSYCHOLOGY PRESS PI HOVE PA 27 CHURCH RD, HOVE BN3 2FA, EAST SUSSEX, ENGLAND SN 0268-7038 J9 APHASIOLOGY JI Aphasiology PD AUG PY 2006 VL 20 IS 8 BP 707 EP 722 DI 10.1080/02687030500489953 PG 16 WC Clinical Neurology SC Neurosciences & Neurology GA 077MM UT WOS:000240033500001 ER PT J AU Varlokosta, S Valeonti, N Kakavoulia, M Lazaridou, M Economou, A Protopapas, A AF Varlokosta, Spyridoula Valeonti, Natalia Kakavoulia, Maria Lazaridou, Mirto Economou, Alexandra Protopapas, Athanassios TI The breakdown of functional categories in Greek aphasia: Evidence from agreement, tense, and aspect SO APHASIOLOGY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT International Conference on Science of Aphasia V CY SEP 16-21, 2004 CL Potsdam, GERMANY ID BROCAS APHASIA; LANGUAGE; AGRAMMATISM; MORPHOLOGY; DEFICITS; GRAMMAR; SYNTAX; MODEL AB Background: Verbal inflectional errors are among the most prominent characteristics of aphasic nonfluent speech. Several studies have shown that such impairment is selective: subject-verb agreement is relatively intact while tense is severely impaired. A number of researchers view the deficit as structural and attribute errors to a breakdown of functional categories and their projections. Agrammatic individuals are thought to produce trees that are intact up to the Tense node and ''pruned'' from this node up. Aims: The present study investigates ( a) the relative sensitivity of functional categories related to verbal inflection in Greek aphasia and the systematicity thereof; and ( b) the relation between patterns of impairment in production and grammaticality judgements. Method & Procedures: We present results from a sentence completion and a grammaticality judgement task with seven Greek- speaking aphasic individuals and seven control participants matched for age and education. Materials were constructed to assess three functional categories: subject - verb agreement, tense, and aspect. Eight verbs were used, balancing estimated familiarity and regularity of aspectual conjugation. Outcomes & Results: A great variability was observed among participants in overall performance but the pattern of performance was quite systematic. The results indicated that inflectional morphemes are not all impaired to the same degree in Greek aphasia. In both tasks, as a group, patients made more errors in aspect than in agreement. The group differences between tense and the other two conditions did not reach statistical significance. Moreover, a comparison of individual aphasic performance in the three functional categories indicated that in every case in which statistically significant differences were observed among the three functional categories, agreement was found to be less impaired than tense, aspect, or both. Conclusions: These findings do not support a global impairment of inflectional morphemes in aphasia but support a selective one and, in particular, a dissociation between agreement, on the one hand, and tense and/or aspect, on the other hand. Moreover, our findings do not support a hierarchical account along the lines of Friedmann and Grodzinsky ( 1997) but are compatible with Chomsky's ( 2000) Minimalist Program and with Wenzlaff and Clahsen's ( 2004) tense under-specification theory. C1 Univ Aegean, Dept Mediterranean Studies, Rhodes 85100, Greece. Pante Univ, Athens, Greece. Univ Athens, GR-10679 Athens, Greece. Inst Language & Speech Proc, Athens, Greece. RP Varlokosta, S (reprint author), Univ Aegean, Dept Mediterranean Studies, Rhodes 85100, Greece. EM varlokosta@rhodes.aegean.gr RI Protopapas, Athanassios/A-9571-2009; Protopapas, Athanassios/E-5626-2010 OI Protopapas, Athanassios/0000-0002-7285-8845 CR Bates E, 1997, LANG COGNITIVE PROC, V12, P507 Bates E, 2001, ANNU REV PSYCHOL, V52, P369, DOI 10.1146/annurev.psych.52.1.369 BATES E, 1991, BRAIN LANG, V41, P123, DOI 10.1016/0093-934X(91)90149-U Berndt RS, 1999, BRAIN LANG, V67, P242, DOI 10.1006/brln.1999.2130 BERNDT RS, 1980, APPL PSYCHOLINGUIST, V1, P225, DOI 10.1017/S0142716400000552 BURCHERT F, 2005, BRAIN LANG, V94, P88 Caplan D., 1985, AGRAMMATISM Chomsky N., 2000, STEP STEP ESSAYS MIN, P89 Crain S, 2001, BRAIN LANG, V77, P294, DOI 10.1006/brln.2000.2403 DEBLESER R, 1994, BRAIN LANG, V46, P21, DOI 10.1006/brln.1994.1002 Dick F, 1998, BRAIN LANG, V65, P57 Dick F, 2001, PSYCHOL REV, V108, P759, DOI 10.1037//0033-295X.108.4.759 Dronkers N. F., 1992, J CLIN EXPT NEUROPSY, V14, P52 Faroqi-Shah Y, 2004, BRAIN LANG, V89, P484, DOI 10.1016/j.bandl.2003.12.006 FRIEDMANN N, 1997, BRAIN LANG, V56, P71 GERNSBACHER MA, 1984, J EXPT PSYCHOL GEN, V113, P156 Goodglass H, 1983, ASSESSMENT APHASIA R, V2nd GOODGLASS H, 1976, STUDIES NEUROLINGUIS GRODZINSKY Y, 1984, COGNITION, V16, P99, DOI 10.1016/0010-0277(84)90001-5 Grodzinsky Y, 2000, BEHAV BRAIN SCI, V23, P1, DOI 10.1017/S0140525X00002399 HAGIWARA H, 1995, BRAIN LANG, V50, P92, DOI 10.1006/brln.1995.1041 Hatzigeorgiou N., 2000, P 2 INT C LANG RES E, V3, P1737 HOFSTEDE BTM, 1994, BRAIN LANG, V46, P278, DOI 10.1006/brln.1994.1017 HOHLE B, 1995, APHASIE SPRACHPRODUK Kolk HHJ, 2000, BEHAV BRAIN SCI, V23, P39, DOI 10.1017/S0140525X00412392 LEONARD LB, 1998, CHILDREN SPECIFIC LA Mackridge Peter, 1997, GREEK COMPREHENSIVE MOHR JP, 1978, NEUROLOGY, V28, P311 MOSER A, 1994, PION KE APOPSIS RIMA Philippaki-Warburton I, 1998, LINGUIST REV, V15, P159, DOI 10.1515/tlir.1998.15.2-3.159 Philippaki-Warburton I., 1984, STUDIES GREEK LINGUI, V5, P149 Philippaki-Warburton Irene, 1973, LINGUA, V32, P193 Philippaki-Warburton Irene, 1990, STUDIES GREEK LINGUI, V11, P119 PLAKOUDA A, 2001, THESIS U ATHENS GREE RALLI A, 2004, LINGUE LINGUAGGIO, V2, P269 RALLI A, 1988, THESIS U MONTREAL CA RIVERO ML, 1995, J LINGUIST, V31, P301, DOI 10.1017/S0022226700015620 Stavrakaki S, 2003, BRAIN LANG, V86, P129, DOI 10.1016/S0093-934X(02)00541-2 Tsapkini K, 2001, J NEUROLINGUIST, V14, P281, DOI 10.1016/S0911-6044(01)00018-5 Tsapkini K, 2002, BRAIN LANG, V81, P103, DOI 10.1006/brln.2001.2510 Tsimpli Ianthi Maria, 1990, UCL WORKING PAPERS L, V2, P226 Wechsler DS, 1997, WECHSLER MEMORY SCAL Wenzlaff M, 2004, BRAIN LANG, V89, P57, DOI 10.1016/S0093-934X(03)00298-0 NR 43 TC 25 Z9 25 PU PSYCHOLOGY PRESS PI HOVE PA 27 CHURCH RD, HOVE BN3 2FA, EAST SUSSEX, ENGLAND SN 0268-7038 J9 APHASIOLOGY JI Aphasiology PD AUG PY 2006 VL 20 IS 8 BP 723 EP 743 DI 10.1080/0267030500513703 PG 21 WC Clinical Neurology SC Neurosciences & Neurology GA 077MM UT WOS:000240033500002 ER PT J AU Harley, TA O'Mara, DA AF Harley, Trevor A. O'Mara, David A. TI Hyphenation can improve reading in acquired phonological dyslexia SO APHASIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID VISUAL WORD RECOGNITION; ALEXIA; ALOUD; MODEL; ORGANIZATION; IMPAIRMENTS; MECHANISMS AB Background: We describe JD, a person with severe phonological dyslexia. JD is good at reading words yet is extremely poor at reading nonwords. She shows no effect of word regularity on her reading performance. However, she has only a very mild general phonological deficit. Although it is known that teaching grapheme - phoneme correspondence rules and learning bigraph syllables can improve dyslexic reading, we investigate the possibility that segmenting the input string using hyphens can also improve reading. Aims: We investigate the locus of JD's reading deficit and explore means of improving her reading. We examine the extent to which hyphenation can improve nonword reading. Methods & Procedures: We use a battery of tasks in a single-case study. We test oral reading, writing and spelling ability, and lexical and semantic knowledge. We assess phonological processing using tests of repetition and phonological awareness. We focus on blending and segmentation, and test whether hyphenating the letter string can improve reading. Outcomes & Results: JD is very good at reading words ( overall about 90%), but very poor at reading nonwords ( overall about 10%). She makes no semantic errors and shows little effect of word regularity. JD has only a mild concomitant phonological deficit. She also has a very good digit span ( 8). JD can read affixes in isolation, and can also read nonwords made up of inappropriately affixed morphemes ( e. g., ''dismove'') if a hyphen is inserted at the affixation point ( e. g., ''dis-move''). We found that hyphenation improves nonword reading in general, but particularly if it is the grapheme units that are separated by hyphens. \ Conclusions: We discuss the possibility that JD's phonological dyslexia arises from impaired graphemic parsing, and that affixes have inherent meaning for her. Hyphenation may be a therapeutic tool worthy of wider consideration for improving reading performance in people with dyslexia. C1 Univ Dundee, Dept Psychol, Dundee DD1 4HN, Scotland. RP Harley, TA (reprint author), Univ Dundee, Dept Psychol, Dundee DD1 4HN, Scotland. EM t.a.harley@dundee.ac.uk CR BEAUVOIS MF, 1979, J NEUROL NEUROSUR PS, V42, P1115, DOI 10.1136/jnnp.42.12.1115 Berndt RS, 1996, COGNITIVE NEUROPSYCH, V13, P763, DOI 10.1080/026432996381809 BUB D, 1987, COGNITIVE NEUROPSYCH BYRNE R, 1998, FDN LIT CHILDS ACQUI Caccappolo-van Vliet E, 2004, COGN NEUROPSYCHOL, V21, P820, DOI 10.1080/02643290342000465 Caccappolo-van Vliet E, 2004, PSYCHOL SCI, V15, P583 CARAMAZZA A, 1985, COGNITIVE NEUROPSYCH, V2, P81, DOI 10.1080/02643298508252862 Castles A, 1996, COGNITIVE NEUROPSYCH, V13, P1041, DOI 10.1080/026432996381773 Coltheart M, 1996, COGNITIVE NEUROPSYCH, V13, P749 Coltheart M, 2001, PSYCHOL REV, V108, P204, DOI 10.1037//0033-295X.108.1.204 Coltheart M., 1978, STRATEGIES INFORMATI, P151 Coltheart M., 1985, ATTENTION PERFORM, VXI, P3 Cuetos F, 1996, COGNITIVE NEUROPSYCH, V13, P1, DOI 10.1080/026432996382042 Daniel Michael S., 1992, Brain Injury, V6, P529, DOI 10.3109/02699059209008150 DEROUESNE J, 1979, J NEUROL NEUROSUR PS, V42, P1125, DOI 10.1136/jnnp.42.12.1125 Derouesne J., 1985, SURFACE DYSLEXIA, P399 Druks J, 2002, COGN NEUROPSYCHOL, V19, P207, DOI 10.1080/02643290143000141 Farah MJ, 1996, COGNITIVE NEUROPSYCH, V13, P849, DOI 10.1080/026432996381836 Friedman R., 2002, HDB ADULT LANGUAGE D, P27 FRIEDMAN RB, 2002, APHASIOLOGY, V26, P355 Friedman RB, 1996, BRAIN LANG, V55, P116 FRIEDMAN RB, 1995, CORTEX, V31, P397 FUNNELL E, 1983, BRIT J PSYCHOL, V74, P159 FUNNELL E, 1987, Q J EXP PSYCHOL-A, V39, P497 Glosser G, 1998, BRAIN LANG, V63, P32, DOI 10.1006/brln.1997.1924 GLUSHKO RJ, 1979, J EXP PSYCHOL HUMAN, V5, P674, DOI 10.1037//0096-1523.5.4.674 GOODALL WC, 1995, COGNITIVE NEUROPSYCH, V12, P113, DOI 10.1080/02643299508251993 Harley T. A., 2001, PSYCHOL LANGUAGE Harm MW, 2001, COGNITIVE NEUROPSYCH, V18, P71, DOI 10.1080/02643290125986 Howard D, 1996, COGNITIVE NEUROPSYCH, V13, P887, DOI 10.1080/026432996381854 Kay J., 1992, PALPA PSYCHOLINGUIST Lesch MF, 1998, Q J EXP PSYCHOL-A, V51, P905 Lott SN, 1999, BRAIN LANG, V67, P188, DOI 10.1006/brln.1999.2054 MARTIN RC, 1982, Q J EXP PSYCHOL-A, V34, P395 MORTON J, 1987, DEEP DYSLEXIA, P91 Newcombe F., 1985, SURFACE DYSLEXIA, P35 NORRIS D, 1994, J EXP PSYCHOL HUMAN, V20, P1212, DOI 10.1037/0096-1523.20.6.1212 Patterson K, 1996, COGNITIVE NEUROPSYCH, V13, P803, DOI 10.1080/026432996381818 Patterson K., 1985, SURFACE DYSLEXIA, P335 Patterson K, 2000, CASE STUDIES NEUROPS, P57 Plaut DC, 1996, PSYCHOL REV, V103, P56, DOI 10.1037/0033-295X.103.1.56 SEIDENBERG MS, 1984, J VERB LEARN VERB BE, V23, P383, DOI 10.1016/S0022-5371(84)90270-6 SEIDENBERG MS, 1989, PSYCHOL REV, V96, P523, DOI 10.1037/0033-295X.96.4.523 SHALLICE T, 1983, Q J EXP PSYCHOL-A, V35, P111 SHALLICE T, 1987, DEEP DYSLEXIA, P119 Small SL, 1998, BRAIN LANG, V62, P298, DOI 10.1006/brln.1998.1951 SPOEHR KT, 1973, COGNITIVE PSYCHOL, V5, P71, DOI 10.1016/0010-0285(73)90026-1 Treiman R., 1987, ATTENTION PERFORMANC WECHSLER D, 1981, WAIS R NR 49 TC 3 Z9 3 PU PSYCHOLOGY PRESS PI HOVE PA 27 CHURCH RD, HOVE BN3 2FA, EAST SUSSEX, ENGLAND SN 0268-7038 J9 APHASIOLOGY JI Aphasiology PD AUG PY 2006 VL 20 IS 8 BP 744 EP 761 DI 10.1080/02687030600591658 PG 18 WC Clinical Neurology SC Neurosciences & Neurology GA 077MM UT WOS:000240033500003 ER PT J AU Prins, R Bastiaanse, R AF Prins, Ronald Bastiaanse, Roelien TI The early history of aphasiology: From the Egyptian surgeons (c.1700 BC) to Broca (1861) SO APHASIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID LANGUAGE; BRAIN AB Background: According to many aphasiologists the scientific study of aphasia dates back to the second half of the 19th century when Broca and Wernicke described the two classical forms of aphasia that now bear their names. About 100 years later, Benton and Joynt presented a historical overview of the literature on aphasia from the Hippocratic writings ( c. 400 BC) to 1800. Since this seminal review ( Benton & Joynt, 1960) there has been a growing interest in the history of aphasiology, resulting in many papers (cf. the Journal of the History of the Neurosciences) and even books ( e. g., Eling, 1994; Finger, 2000; Jacyna, 2000) about hitherto unknown writings about aphasia. Aims: The aim of this paper is to present a new, updated, and extensive review of the early history of aphasiology, starting with the earliest observation of ''speechlessness'' in an Egyptian papyrus ( c. 1700 BC) and ending with Broca's discovery of the ''speech centre'' in 1861. Main Contribution: By presenting and discussing passages taken from major contributions to aphasiology in the past 3500 years, this literature survey offers a review of the clinical observations and theoretical analyses of aphasic phenomena preceding the pioneering article by Broca in 1861. Conclusions: Although many forms and symptoms of aphasia were described and a few theoretical explanations of its nature had been advanced before 1800, significant hypotheses about the localisation of aphasia were not formulated until the period 1800-1860. Based on his ( otherwise misguided) ''phrenological'' theory, Gall ( in Gall & Stuart, 1806) was the first to localise language in the frontal cortex. This hypothesis was then tested and supported by neuropathological data collected by Bouillaud ( 1825) who not only localised language in the frontal lobes, but also made the fundamental distinction between ''a general faculty of language'' and ''the faculty of articulated speech'', thus preparing the ground for Broca's famous discovery in 1861. C1 Univ Amsterdam, Dept Linguist, NL-1012 VT Amsterdam, Netherlands. Univ Groningen, NL-9700 AB Groningen, Netherlands. RP Prins, R (reprint author), Univ Amsterdam, Dept Linguist, Spuistr 210, NL-1012 VT Amsterdam, Netherlands. EM R.S.Prins@uva.nl CR ACKERKNECHT EH, 1956, F J GALL INVENTOR PH ANDRAL G, 1834, CLIN MED BENTON AL, 1960, ARCH NEUROL-CHICAGO, V3, P205 BENTON AL, 1964, CORTEX, V1, P314 BENTON A L, 1965, Med Hist, V9, P54 BOUILLARD JB, 1848, B ACAD ROYALE MED, P699 BOUILLAUD MJ, 1825, ARCH GEN MED, V3, P24 Breasted J.H., 1930, E SMITH SURG PAPYRUS Broca P., 1861, B SOC ANAT PARIS, V36, P330 Broca Paul, 1865, B SOC ANTHROPOL PAR, V6, P337 BROWN JW, 1992, BRAIN LANG, V43, P475, DOI 10.1016/0093-934X(92)90113-S CAPLAN D, 1987, NEUROLINGUISTIC LING CREUTZ W, 1934, NEUROLOGIE 1 7 JAHRL DAX M, 1865, GAZETTE HEBDOMADAIRE, V33, P227 Eling P., 1994, READER HIST APHASIA Finger S, 1996, ARCH NEUROL-CHICAGO, V53, P806 Finger S, 2000, MINDS BRAIN HIST PIO Flourens P., 1842, EXAMEN PHRENOLOGIE GALL FJ, 1806, HERINNERINGEN LESSEN Gall F.J., 1822, FONCTIONS CERVEAU CE GALL FJ, 1805, VOORLEZINGEN GEHOUDE Galli P, 2005, EWEEK, V22, P20 Geschwind N., 1974, SELECTED PAPERS LANG GESCHWIN.N, 1972, SCI AM, V226, P76 GREENBLATT SH, 1995, NEUROSURGERY, V37, P790 HECAEN H, 1969, NAISSANCE NEUROPSYCH HOOD A, 1824, PHRENOLOGICAL J MISC, V2, P82 Jacyna LS, 2000, LOST WORDS NARRATIVE JOYNT RJ, 1964, NEUROLOGY, V14, P851 Kaitaro T, 2001, J Hist Neurosci, V10, P262, DOI 10.1076/jhin.10.3.262.9085 Karenberg A, 1998, J Hist Neurosci, V7, P174, DOI 10.1076/jhin.7.3.174.1858 LALLEMAND CF, 1823, RECHERCHES ANATOMO P, V1 LALLEMAND CF, 1820, RECHERCHES ANATOMO P, V2 LICHT S, 1975, STROKE ITS REHABILIT Lieberman P., 1998, EVE SPOKE HUMAN LANG Lordat J., 1843, J SOC MED PRATIQUE M, V7, P333 LORDAT J, 1843, J SOC MED PRATIQUE M, V8, P1 Lordat J., 1843, J SOC MED PRATIQUE M, V7, P417 Luzzatti C, 2001, ARCH NEUROL-CHICAGO, V58, P1157, DOI 10.1001/archneur.58.7.1157 Luzzatti Claudio, 2002, J Hist Neurosci, V11, P29, DOI 10.1076/jhin.11.1.29.9094 Luzzatti C, 1996, J NEUROLINGUIST, V9, P157, DOI 10.1016/0911-6044(96)00009-7 Marce LV, 1856, COMPTE RENDU SOC BIO, V3, P93 MEUNIER L, 1924, HIST MED DEPUIS ORIG O'Neill Ynez Viole, 1980, SPEECH SPEECH DISORD OPPENHEIM AL, 1956, TAPS NS, V46, P230 OSBORNE J, 1833, DUBLIN J MED CHEM SC, V4, P157 REISCH G, 1517, MARGARITA PHILOS EIM RIESE W, 1977, SELECTED PAPERS HIST Rocca J, 1997, J Hist Neurosci, V6, P227 ROSTAN LL, 1820, RECHERCHES MALADIE E SIGNORET JL, 1984, BRAIN LANG, V22, P303, DOI 10.1016/0093-934X(84)90096-8 Spurzheim J.C., 1815, PHYSIOGNOMICAL SYSTE STOOKEY B, 1963, JAMA-J AM MED ASSOC, V84, P1024 TENCATE PHJ, 1966, MURSILIS, V2 TROUSSEAU A, 1864, CLIN MED HOTEL DIEU, P669 van Wyhe John, 2002, HIST PHRENOLOGY WEB Wernicke C., 1874, APHASISCHE SYMTOMENC WHITAKER HA, 1998, HDB NEUROLINGUISTICS, P27, DOI 10.1016/B978-012666055-5/50005-8 WILKINS RH, 1964, J NEUROSURG, V3, P240 NR 59 TC 2 Z9 2 PU PSYCHOLOGY PRESS PI HOVE PA 27 CHURCH RD, HOVE BN3 2FA, EAST SUSSEX, ENGLAND SN 0268-7038 J9 APHASIOLOGY JI Aphasiology PD AUG PY 2006 VL 20 IS 8 BP 762 EP 791 DI 10.1080/02687030500399293 PG 30 WC Clinical Neurology SC Neurosciences & Neurology GA 077MM UT WOS:000240033500004 ER PT J AU Buckingham, H AF Buckingham, Hugh TI A pre-history of the problem of Broca's aphasia SO APHASIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID CEREBRAL-DOMINANCE; LANGUAGE; HISTORY; DAX,GUSTAVE; SPEECH; LOBE AB Twenty-five years ago, I wrote this essay for presentation at the May 1981 CAC meeting in Kerrville, TX. There are only a few sections cordoned off by separating lines; most new material with post-1981 citations has been integrated in the text for smoother transitioning. There are small added sections on Descartes, Bouillaud, and on induction in medicine. I have several new ''B'' headings, which improve the organisation of the essay: The Bell-Magendie principle; Muscle sense; Phrenology; The law of symmetry; Memory for language and speech; The French physicians; and The inductive method of clinico-pathological reasoning in medicine and the cerebral localisation of function. The bibliography is accordingly amplified. C1 Louisiana State Univ, Dept Commun Sci & Disorders, Baton Rouge, LA 70803 USA. RP Buckingham, H (reprint author), Louisiana State Univ, Dept Commun Sci & Disorders, Baton Rouge, LA 70803 USA. EM hbuck@lsu.edu CR ACKERKNECHT EH, 1958, HIST PHILOS BRAIN IT Bastian HC, 1869, BRIT FOREIGN MED CHI, V43, p[209, 470] Bastian HC, 1869, BRIT FOREIGN MED CHI, V43, p[209, 470] BENTON A L, 1963, J Hist Med Allied Sci, V18, P381 Benton AL, 2000, EXPLORING HIST NEURO BENTON AL, 1960, ARCH NEUROL-CHICAGO, V3, P205 BENTON AL, 1965, CORTEX, V1, P314 BENTON A L, 1965, Med Hist, V9, P54 BICHAT MFX, 1805, RECHERCHES PHYSIOLOG Bouillaud J. B., 1825, ARCH GEN MED, V8, P25 Buckingham H W, 1997, J Hist Neurosci, V6, P21 Buckingham HW, 1999, BRAIN LANG, V69, P76, DOI 10.1006/brln.1999.2043 BYNUM WF, 1975, PHILOS MED, V2 Carmichael L, 1926, PSYCHOL REV, V33, P188, DOI 10.1037/h0072659 CHRISTMAN SS, 2006, ENCY LANGUAGE LINGUI, V2 Clarke E, 1972, ILLUSTRATED HIST BRA Clarke E, 1968, HUMAN BRAIN SPINAL C CRITCHLEY M, 1964, Scott Med J, V9, P231 Cubelli R, 1994, J Hist Neurosci, V3, P215 DINGWALL WO, 1979, STUIDES NEUROLINGUIS, V4 DINGWALL WO, 1975, GEORGETOWN U ROUNDTA Figlio K M, 1975, Hist Sci, V13, P177 FINGER S, 1994, ARCH NEUROL-CHICAGO, V51, P498 Finger S, 1996, ARCH NEUROL-CHICAGO, V53, P806 Finger S, 2000, MINDS BRAIN HIST PIO Finger S, 1999, BRAIN LANG, V69, P16, DOI 10.1006/brln.1999.2040 Finger S, 1995, J Hist Neurosci, V4, P166 Fritsch G., 1870, SOME PAPERS CEREBRAL Gall F.J., 1835, FUNCTIONS BRAIN EACH HARTLEY D, 1749, OBESERVATIONS MAN HARTLEY D, 1746, VARIOUS CONJECTURES Haymaker W, 1970, FOUNDERS NEUROLOGY Head H., 1926, APHASIA KINDRED DISO Hecaen H., 1978, HUMAN NEUROPSYCHOLOG Jacyna LS, 2000, LOST WORDS NARRATIVE Jørgensen C Barker, 2003, J Hist Neurosci, V12, P229, DOI 10.1076/jhin.12.3.229.16676 JOYNT RJ, 1964, CORTEX, V1, P206 KEARNS KP, 2005, APHASIA RELATED LANG Lieberman Phillip, 1975, ORIGINS LANGUAGE INT Luzzatti C, 2001, ARCH NEUROL-CHICAGO, V58, P1157, DOI 10.1001/archneur.58.7.1157 MESULAM MM, 1990, ANN NEUROL, V28, P597, DOI 10.1002/ana.410280502 Penfield W, 1959, SPEECH BRAIN MECH RIESE WALTHER, 1950, JOUR HISTORY MED AND ALLIED SCI, V5, P50 RIESE W, 1977, SELECTED PAPERS HIST Roe D, 1996, J Hist Neurosci, V5, P228 Russell B., 1912, PROBLEM PHILOS Schiller J., 1968, HIST SCI, V7, P64 SHCILLER F, 1992, P BROCA FOUNDER FREN STARR MA, 1889, T INIT MED C PHYS SU, V1, P879 STOOKEY B, 1963, JAMA-J AM MED ASSOC, V184, P1024 TEMKIN O, 1953, SCI MED HIST, V2 von Bonin G., 1960, SOME PAPERS CEREBRAL WALKER AE, 1957, J NEUROPHYSIOL, V20, P435 Wallace W, 2003, BRAIN COGNITION, V51, P66, DOI 10.1016/S0278-2626(02)00513-4 Willis T, 1971, ANATOMY BRAIN Young R. M., 1990, MIND BRAIN ADAPTATIO Zimmer C, 2004, SOUL MADE FLESH DISC NR 57 TC 0 Z9 0 PU PSYCHOLOGY PRESS PI HOVE PA 27 CHURCH RD, HOVE BN3 2FA, EAST SUSSEX, ENGLAND SN 0268-7038 J9 APHASIOLOGY JI Aphasiology PD AUG PY 2006 VL 20 IS 8 BP 792 EP 810 DI 10.1080/02687030500334118 PG 19 WC Clinical Neurology SC Neurosciences & Neurology GA 077MM UT WOS:000240033500005 ER PT J AU Brown, K McGahan, L Alkhaledi, M Seah, D Howe, T Worrall, L AF Brown, K McGahan, L Alkhaledi, M Seah, D Howe, T Worrall, L TI Environmental factors that influence the community participation of adults with aphasia: The perspective of service industry workers SO APHASIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID INTERNATIONAL SURVEY; TRAINING VOLUNTEERS; AWARENESS; BARRIERS; PEOPLE; STROKE; FOCUS; LIFE AB Background: The loss of language and the inability to communicate effectively as a result of aphasia often affects community participation. Within the World Health Organisation International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health, disability is recognised as a dynamic interaction between the individual's health condition, such as aphasia, and his or her personal and environmental factors. There has been little research identifying the environmental facilitators and barriers to participation for people with aphasia in the community, and no research focusing on the perspective of service industry workers. Aims: This study aimed to identify barriers and facilitators to community participation for adults with aphasia from the perspective of service industry workers. Methods & Procedures: Eight focus groups were conducted with 24 service industry employees. Transcripts of the focus group discussions were analysed using qualitative content analysis procedures, and barriers to and facilitators for participation of people with aphasia were identified. Outcomes & Results: Results revealed that the participation of people with aphasia in the community can be affected by many environmental factors within three broad categories: (1) people environmental factors, (2) physical environmental factors, and (3) business or organisational environmental factors. Conclusions: Service industry employees were able to identify a range of factors that would act as barriers and facilitators for people with aphasia. Some of the more significant findings include the lack of other people's awareness about aphasia, the willingness of service industry workers at the individual level to accommodate people with aphasia, and the difficulty in making the necessary system, policy, and procedural changes at the organisational level. Speech pathologists are encouraged to assist service industry providers to be more aphasia-friendly through education and training, in addition to assisting people with aphasia to become self-advocates. C1 Univ Queensland, Sch Hlth & Rehabil Sci, Commun Disabil Ageing Res Ctr, Brisbane, Qld 4072, Australia. RP Worrall, L (reprint author), Univ Queensland, Sch Hlth & Rehabil Sci, Commun Disabil Ageing Res Ctr, Brisbane, Qld 4072, Australia. EM l.worrall@uq.edu.au RI Hudson, Kyla/D-2575-2010; Worrall, Linda/D-2579-2010 OI Hudson, Kyla/0000-0002-0328-3873; Worrall, Linda/0000-0002-3283-7038 CR *AUSTR BUR STAT, 2004, YB AUSTR SERV IND Byng S., 2000, ACQUIRED NEUROGENIC, P49 Code C, 2003, NEUROPSYCHOL REHABIL, V13, P379, DOI 10.1080/09602010244000255 Code C, 2001, INT J LANG COMM DIS, V36, P1 Cruice M, 2003, APHASIOLOGY, V17, P333, DOI 10.1080/02687030244000707 Davidson B, 2003, APHASIOLOGY, V17, P243, DOI 10.1080/02687030244000653 EARLE D, 2002, U QUEENSLAND CLIN AU Elman RJ, 2000, APHASIOLOGY, V14, P455 Garcia LJ, 2000, APHASIOLOGY, V14, P269 Graneheim UH, 2004, NURS EDUC TODAY, V24, P105, DOI 10.1016/j.nedt.2003.10.001 Gray DB, 2003, J ARCHIT PLAN RES, V20, P29 Hickey EM, 2004, APHASIOLOGY, V18, P625, DOI 10.1080/02687030444000093 HOWE T, 2004, M INT ASS LOG PHON B Howe TJ, 2004, APHASIOLOGY, V18, P1015, DOI 10.1080/02687030444000499 Kagan A, 2002, J COMMUN DISORD, V35, P153, DOI 10.1016/S0021-9924(02)00062-X Kagan A, 2001, J SPEECH LANG HEAR R, V44, P624, DOI 10.1044/1092-4388(2001/051) Kirk J., 1986, SAGE U PAPER SERIES, V01 KITZINGER J, 1995, BRIT MED J, V311, P299 Krueger R. A., 2000, FOCUS GROUP PRACTICA Law M, 1999, J OCCUPATIONAL SCI, V6, P102 Meyers AR, 2002, SOC SCI MED, V55, P1435, DOI 10.1016/S0277-9536(01)00269-6 Parr S., 1997, TALKING APHASIA LIVI Parr S., 2000, NEUROGENIC COMMUNICA, P55 Parr S, 2001, FOLIA PHONIATR LOGO, V53, P266, DOI 10.1159/000052681 Patton M. Q, 2002, QUALITATIVE RES EVAL POUND C, 2001, APHASIA THERAPIES LI Rochette A, 2001, DISABIL REHABIL, V23, P559 Simmons-Mackie N, 2002, APHASIOLOGY, V16, P837, DOI 10.1080/02687030244000185 Simmons-Mackie N, 2005, J COMMUN DISORD, V38, P1, DOI 10.1016/j.jcomdis.2004.03.007 Simmons-Mackie NN, 2005, APHASIOLOGY, V19, P583, DOI 10.1080/02687030444000408 Stewart David W, 1990, FOCUS GROUPS THEORY THREATS T, 2004, ADV SPEECH LANGUAGE, V6, P3 World Health Organisation, 2001, INT CLASS FUNCT DIS Worrall L., 2000, NEUROGENIC COMMUNICA, P3 NR 34 TC 12 Z9 12 PU PSYCHOLOGY PRESS PI HOVE PA 27 CHURCH RD, HOVE BN3 2FA, EAST SUSSEX, ENGLAND SN 0268-7038 J9 APHASIOLOGY JI Aphasiology PD JUL PY 2006 VL 20 IS 7 BP 595 EP 615 DI 10.1080/02687030600626256 PG 21 WC Clinical Neurology SC Neurosciences & Neurology GA 052AJ UT WOS:000238202500001 ER PT J AU Turner, S Whitworth, A AF Turner, S Whitworth, A TI Clinicians' perceptions of candidacy for conversation partner training in aphasia: How do we select candidates for therapy and do we get it right? SO APHASIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID COMMUNICATION; STRATEGIES; ADULTS; VOLUNTEERS; DISCOURSE; CARERS; PEOPLE AB Background: Recent studies have demonstrated success in training partners to facilitate conversation in people with aphasia (e. g., Booth & Swabey, 1999; Kagan, Black, Duchan, Simmons-Mackie, & Square, 2001). Among other issues highlighted by these studies are those related to partner selection and suitability, or candidacy, for such an approach, and whether outcome may be related to the characteristics of the conversation partner. This paper reports a study of speech and language therapists' perceptions of candidacy requirements for conversation partner training (CPT), exploring both the characteristics that clinicians attend to in judging candidacy for therapy of this nature and whether these have validity with respect to outcome. Aims: The study aimed first to determine the criteria used by clinicians when making decisions on candidacy of partners of people with aphasia and recruiting to conversation training programmes, and second to use these criteria to develop a method of profiling candidacy for potential partners attending training. The resulting profiling procedure was subsequently piloted within a single case design to evaluate the outcome of intervention against initial candidacy criteria. Methods & Procedures: A focus group methodology and questionnaires were used to establish the criteria on which experienced therapists based their judgement of conversation ability and their subsequent decisions to offer intervention involving CPT. Following an analysis of how frequently particular behaviours and attitudes needed to be present to influence therapists' decision making, a procedure to profile conversational partner characteristics (the Profile of Partner Candidacy for Conversation Training) was developed which integrated data from a structured interview and an analysis of conversation between the couple. The procedure was used to characterise the suitability of one carer, PM, who was subsequently offered a support and conversation training programme (Lock, Wilkinson, & Bryan, 2001) with his spouse who had aphasia. Post-intervention analysis of conversation evaluated the effectiveness of CPT in the light of partner characteristics. C1 St Nicholas Hosp, Newcastle Community Stroke Serv, Newcastle Upon Tyne NE3 3XT, Tyne & Wear, England. Univ Newcastle Upon Tyne, Newcastle Upon Tyne NE1 7RU, Tyne & Wear, England. RP Turner, S (reprint author), St Nicholas Hosp, Newcastle Community Stroke Serv, Jubilee Rd, Newcastle Upon Tyne NE3 3XT, Tyne & Wear, England. EM sonja.turner@nmht.nhs.uk CR Boles L, 1998, APHASIOLOGY, V12, P547, DOI 10.1080/02687039808249557 Boles L., 1997, ASIA PACIFIC J SPEEC, V2, P43 Booth S, 1999, INT J LANG COMM DIS, V34, P291, DOI 10.1080/136828299247423 Booth S, 1999, APHASIOLOGY, V13, P283 Brumfitt SM, 1997, DISABIL REHABIL, V19, P221 Clark H. H., 1987, LANG COGNITIVE PROC, V2, P1 Croteau C, 2001, APHASIOLOGY, V15, P811, DOI 10.1080/02687040143000221 CUNNINGHAM R, 2003, APHASIOLOGY, V7, P687 Garrett KL, 2002, APHASIOLOGY, V16, P523, DOI 10.1080/02687030244000149 HELMSLEY G, 1996, DISABILITY REHABILIT, V18, P567 Hickey EM, 2004, APHASIOLOGY, V18, P625, DOI 10.1080/02687030444000093 Hopper T, 2002, APHASIOLOGY, V16, P745, DOI 10.1080/02687030244000059 KAGAN A, 2001, J SPEECH LANG HEAR R, V44, P924 Kagan A, 1998, APHASIOLOGY, V12, P816, DOI 10.1080/02687039808249575 KLIPPI A, 1991, APHASIOLOGY, V5, P373, DOI 10.1080/02687039108248538 Likert R., 1932, TECHNIQUE MEASUREMEN Lock S., 2001, SUPPORTING PARTNERS Lyon JG, 1997, APHASIOLOGY, V11, P693, DOI 10.1080/02687039708249416 Menn Lisa, 2003, CONVERSATION BRAIN D MILROY L, 1992, CLIN LINGUIST PHONET, V6, P27, DOI 10.3109/02699209208985517 Oelschlaeger ML, 2000, J COMMUN DISORD, V33, P205, DOI 10.1016/S0021-9924(00)00019-8 POUND C, 2000, APHASIA THERAPIES LI Rayner H, 2003, INT J LANG COMM DIS, V38, P149, DOI 10.1080/1368282021000060308 SACKS H, 1974, LANGUAGE, V50, P696, DOI 10.2307/412243 Simmons-Mackie N, 1999, APHASIOLOGY, V13, P807 SIMMONSMACKIE N, 2001, LANGUAGE INTERVENTIO Simmons-Mackie N., 1987, CLIN APHASIOLOGY C P, P106 Sorin-Peters R, 2004, APHASIOLOGY, V18, P951, DOI 10.1080/02687030444000453 Wilkinson R, 1998, Int J Lang Commun Disord, V33 Suppl, P144 WILKINSON R, 2001, BRIT APH SOC C EX UK WILKINSON R, 1995, CASE STUDIES CLIN LI ZRAICK RI, 1991, J SPEECH HEAR RES, V34, P123 NR 32 TC 13 Z9 14 PU PSYCHOLOGY PRESS PI HOVE PA 27 CHURCH RD, HOVE BN3 2FA, EAST SUSSEX, ENGLAND SN 0268-7038 J9 APHASIOLOGY JI Aphasiology PD JUL PY 2006 VL 20 IS 7 BP 616 EP 643 DI 10.1080/02687030600687860 PG 28 WC Clinical Neurology SC Neurosciences & Neurology GA 052AJ UT WOS:000238202500002 ER PT J AU Edwards, S Tucker, K AF Edwards, S Tucker, K TI Verb retrieval in fluent aphasia: A clinical study SO APHASIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID ARGUMENT STRUCTURE; AGRAMMATIC APHASIA; SENTENCE PRODUCTION; SPONTANEOUS SPEECH; TREATMENT EFFICACY; CUEING TREATMENTS; NAMING DISORDERS; 3 LANGUAGES; THERAPY; DEFICITS AB Background: Problems with lexical retrieval are common across all types of aphasia but certain word classes are thought to be more vulnerable in some aphasia types. Traditionally, verb retrieval problems have been considered characteristic of non-fluent aphasias but there is growing evidence that verb retrieval problems are also found in fluent aphasia. As verbs are retrieved from the mental lexicon with syntactic as well as phonological and semantic information, it is speculated that an improvement in verb retrieval should enhance communicative abilities in this population as in others. We report on an investigation into the effectiveness of verb treatment for three individuals with fluent aphasia. Methods & Procedures: Multiple pre-treatment baselines were established over 3 months in order to monitor language change before treatment. The three participants then received twice-weekly verb treatment over approximately 4 months. All pre-treatment assessments were administered immediately after treatment and 3 months post-treatment. Outcome & Results: Scores fluctuated in the pre-treatment period. Following treatment, there was a significant improvement in verb retrieval for two of the three participants on the treated items. The increase in scores for the third participant was statistically nonsignificant but post-treatment scores moved from below the normal range to within the normal range. All participants were significantly quicker in the verb retrieval task following treatment. There was an increase in well-formed sentences in the sentence construction test and in some samples of connected speech. Conclusions: Repeated systematic treatment can produce a significant improvement in verb retrieval of practised items and generalise to unpractised items for some participants. An increase in well-formed sentences is seen for some speakers. The theoretical and clinical implications of the results are discussed. C1 Univ Reading, Sch Psychol & Clin Language, Reading RG6 6AL, Berks, England. Univ Limerick, Limerick, Ireland. RP Edwards, S (reprint author), Univ Reading, Sch Psychol & Clin Language, Reading RG6 6AL, Berks, England. EM s.i.edwards@reading.ac.uk CR Ballard KJ, 1999, J SPEECH LANG HEAR R, V42, P690 BASSO A, 1990, APHASIOLOGY, V4, P185, DOI 10.1080/02687039008249069 Bastiaanse R., 2002, VERB SENTENCE TEST Bastiaanse R, 1996, APHASIOLOGY, V10, P561, DOI 10.1080/02687039608248437 BATES E, 1987, CORTEX, V23, P545 Berndt RS, 2000, J MEM LANG, V43, P249, DOI 10.1006/jmla.2000.2726 Berndt RS, 2002, APHASIOLOGY, V16, P83, DOI 10.1080/02687040143000212 Berndt RS, 1997, BRAIN LANG, V56, P68 CARAMAZZA A, 1991, NATURE, V349, P788, DOI 10.1038/349788a0 DeDe G, 2003, APHASIOLOGY, V17, P465, DOI 10.1080/02687030344000094 Doesborgh SJC, 2002, APHASIOLOGY, V16, P413, DOI 10.1080/02687030244000077 Druks J., 2000, OBJECT ACTION NAMING EDWARDS S, 1995, EUR J DISORDER COMM, V30, P333 EDWARDS S, 2000, GRAMMATICAL DISORDER Edwards S, 2000, BEHAV BRAIN SCI, V23, P31, DOI 10.1017/S0140525X00332393 Edwards S., 2005, FLUENT APHASIA FILLINGHAM J, 2005, APHASIOLOGY, V19, P505 Goodglass H., 2001, ASSESSMENT APHASIA R, V3rd Goodglass H., 1993, UNDERSTANDING APHASI GOODMAN S, 1993, SCOT J GEOL, V29, P131 HAEGEMANN L, 1994, INTRO GOVERNMENT BIN Herbert R, 2003, APHASIOLOGY, V17, P1163, DOI 10.1080/02687030344000454 Inglis AL, 2003, APHASIOLOGY, V17, P265, DOI 10.1080/02687030244000662 JONES E, 1986, BRIT J DISORDERS COM, V21, P62 Edwards S, 1998, APHASIOLOGY, V12, P99, DOI 10.1080/02687039808250466 KAY J, 1994, PSYCHOLINGUISTIC ANA Kertesz A., 1982, W APHASIA BATTERY LEE M, 2002, AGRAMMATIC APHASIC P LEVELT W, 1989, SPEAKING INTENTION A Linebaugh CW, 1998, APHASIOLOGY, V12, P519, DOI 10.1080/02687039808249555 MANCHIOPINIG S, 1992, APHASIOLOGY, V6, P519 Marshall J., 1999, APHASIA THERAPY FILE Marshall J, 1997, APHASIOLOGY, V11, P855, DOI 10.1080/02687039708250461 MARTIN RC, 1986, BRAIN LANG, V28, P196, DOI 10.1016/0093-934X(86)90102-1 MCCANN C, 2005, THESIS U READING UK McCann C, 2002, BRAIN LANG, V83, P42 MICELI G, 1984, CORTEX, V20, P207 MICELI G, 1988, APHASIOLOGY, V2, P351, DOI 10.1080/02687038808248937 Mitchum C. C., 1994, COGNITIVE NEUROPSYCH MURRAY L, 2002, APHASIOLOGY, V14, P585 Murray L, 2004, APHASIOLOGY, V18, P785, DOI 10.1080/02687030444000273 Nickels L, 2002, APHASIOLOGY, V16, P935, DOI 10.1080/02687030244000563 Nickels L, 1996, APHASIOLOGY, V10, P21, DOI 10.1080/02687039608248397 NIEMI J, 1990, FOLIA LINGUIST, V24, P389, DOI 10.1515/flin.1990.24.3-4.389 PERRY H, 1995, STAT EXPLAINED Pinker Steven, 1989, LEARNABILITY COGNITI POECK K, 1989, J SPEECH HEAR DISORD, V54, P471 Pring T., 2005, RES METHODS COMMUNIC RAYMER A, 2002, BRAIN LANG, V47, P582 Robey RR, 1998, APHASIOLOGY, V12, P787, DOI 10.1080/02687039808249573 Robey RR, 1998, J SPEECH LANG HEAR R, V41, P172 *ROY COLL SPEECH L, 1996, COMM QUAL PROF STAND Schneider SL, 2003, APHASIOLOGY, V17, P213, DOI 10.1080/02687030244000635 Semenza C, 1997, J NEUROLINGUIST, V10, P33, DOI 10.1016/S0911-6044(96)00019-X SHAPIRO LP, 1990, BRAIN LANG, V38, P21, DOI 10.1016/0093-934X(90)90100-U SHAPIRO LP, 1987, COGNITION, V27, P219, DOI 10.1016/S0010-0277(87)80010-0 SHAPIRO LP, 1993, BRAIN LANG, V45, P423, DOI 10.1006/brln.1993.1053 THOMPSON CK, 1995, BRAIN LANG, V50, P201, DOI 10.1006/brln.1995.1045 THOMPSON CK, 2006, IN PRESS NW NARRATIV Thompson CK, 1997, J SPEECH LANG HEAR R, V40, P228 Thompson CK, 2003, J SPEECH LANG HEAR R, V46, P591, DOI 10.1044/1092-4388(2003/047) Thompson CK, 2003, J NEUROLINGUIST, V16, P151, DOI 10.1016/S0911-6044(02)00014-3 Thompson CK, 1997, APHASIOLOGY, V11, P473, DOI 10.1080/02687039708248485 THOMPSON CK, IN PRESS J COMMUNICA VISCHBRINK E, 2002, EFFICACY LEXICAL SEM Wambaugh J, 2004, APHASIOLOGY, V18, P979, DOI 10.1080/02687030444000471 Wambaugh JL, 2003, APHASIOLOGY, V17, P433, DOI 10.1080/02687030344000085 Webster J, 2004, APHASIOLOGY, V18, P47, DOI 10.1080/02687030344000481 Webster J, 2005, APHASIOLOGY, V19, P748, DOI 10.1080/02687030500166957 Weinrich M, 1997, BRAIN LANG, V58, P23, DOI 10.1006/brln.1997.1757 NR 70 TC 13 Z9 13 PU PSYCHOLOGY PRESS PI HOVE PA 27 CHURCH RD, HOVE BN3 2FA, EAST SUSSEX, ENGLAND SN 0268-7038 J9 APHASIOLOGY JI Aphasiology PD JUL PY 2006 VL 20 IS 7 BP 644 EP 675 DI 10.1080/02687030600631827 PG 32 WC Clinical Neurology SC Neurosciences & Neurology GA 052AJ UT WOS:000238202500003 ER PT J AU McDonald, S Tate, R Togher, L Perdices, M Moseley, A Winders, K Shultz, R Smith, K AF McDonald, S Tate, R Togher, L Perdices, M Moseley, A Winders, K Shultz, R Smith, K TI Improving evidence-based practice in rehabilitation: Introducing PsycBITE (TM) SO APHASIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID RANDOMIZED CONTROLLED-TRIALS AB Background: Clinicians face significant obstacles in their access to evidence for the efficacy of different communicative and cognitive treatments after brain impairment. These include the need to search across diverse journals and different clinical conditions to find potential treatments and the lack of easily accessible standards by which to evaluate the methodological rigour of treatment studies once found. Aims: We aimed to address these issues by developing a freely available, user-friendly database of all relevant treatment trials for psychologically based disorders that arise from brain impairment. Methods & Procedures: PsycBITE (TM) (http://www.psycbite.com) was developed as an internet-based database and was officially launched in 2004. Included on PsycBITE (TM) are all trials that have been published that evaluate treatment for any communication, cognitive, or psychological disorder arising from any form of acquired brain impairment in children (above the age of 5 years) and adults. PsycBITE (TM) also provides a rating for the methodological rigour of each trial using the previously established PEDro scale (Maher, Sherrington, Herbert, Moseley, & Elkins, 2003) for randomised controlled trials (RCT) and non-RCT group comparisons. A PsycBITE (TM) rating scale for single case experimental studies is still under development. This report overviews the database, its contents, and the methodology by which papers are selected for inclusion. Outcomes & Results: As of June 2005 there are 1167 treatment studies listed on PsycBITE (TM) with prospective searches being conducted on a regular basis. The highest proportion of studies report treatments for communication disorders followed by behavioural problems and memory. Ratings of the randomised controlled trials, group comparisons, and single case studies are available for a proportion of papers and are being updated continuously. Conclusions: PsycBITE (TM) is an invaluable resource for clinicians and researchers interested in an evidence-based practice approach to treatment. It is a free, fast, and effective way of accessing and evaluating treatments for communicative and cognitive disorders following brain impairment. C1 Univ New S Wales, Sch Psychol, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia. Univ Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia. Royal Rehabil Ctr, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia. Royal N Shore Hosp, Sydney, NSW, Australia. RP McDonald, S (reprint author), Univ New S Wales, Sch Psychol, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia. EM smcdonald@psy.unsw.edu.au RI McDonald, Skye/G-4118-2014 OI McDonald, Skye/0000-0003-0723-6094 CR Code C, 2000, ROYAL COLL SPEECH LA, P14 Guyatt G, 2002, USERS GUIDE MED LIT Herbert R, 1998, Health Inf Manag, V28, P186 HOWARD D, 1986, BRIT J DISORD COMMUN, V21, P89 Maher CG, 2003, PHYS THER, V83, P713 Moseley A, 2000, BRAIN IMPAIR, V1, P130, DOI 10.1375/brim.1.2.130 National Health and Medical Research Council, 2000, US EV ASS APPL SCI E Tate R, 2004, NEUROPSYCHOL REHABIL, V14, P517, DOI 10.1080/09602010343000182 TATE RL, 2005, J INT NEUROPSYCHO S2, V11, P78 TATE RL, 2005, BRAIN INJURY S, V19, P32 TOGHER L, 2004, ACQUIRING KNOWLEDGE, V6, P85 Togher L, 2004, APHASIOLOGY, V18, P313, DOI 10.1080/02687030344000535 NR 12 TC 2 Z9 2 PU PSYCHOLOGY PRESS PI HOVE PA 27 CHURCH RD, HOVE BN3 2FA, EAST SUSSEX, ENGLAND SN 0268-7038 J9 APHASIOLOGY JI Aphasiology PD JUL PY 2006 VL 20 IS 7 BP 676 EP 683 DI 10.1080/02687030600724861 PG 8 WC Clinical Neurology SC Neurosciences & Neurology GA 052AJ UT WOS:000238202500004 ER PT J AU Tompkins, CA Scharp, VL Marshall, RC AF Tompkins, CA Scharp, VL Marshall, RC TI Communicative value of self cues in aphasia: A re-evaluation SO APHASIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID SUBORDINATE CATEGORY NAMES; SEMANTIC FEATURE ANALYSIS; WORD-RETRIEVAL; GENERATED CUES; LISTENER FAMILIARITY; LEXICAL RETRIEVAL; NAMING DISORDERS; FLUENT APHASIA; ADULTS; CONVERSATION AB Background: Adults with aphasia often try mightily to produce specific words, but their word-finding attempts are frequently unsuccessful. However, the word retrieval process may contain rich information that communicates a desired message regardless of word-finding success. Aims: The original article reprinted here reports an investigation that assessed whether patient-generated self cues inherent in the word retrieval process could be interpreted by listener/observers and improve on communicative effectiveness for adults with aphasia. The newly added commentary identifies and reports tentative conclusions from 18 investigations of self-generated cues in aphasia since the 1982 paper. It further provides a rationale for increasing research on self-generated cueing and notes a surprising lack of attention to the questions investigated in the original article. The original research is also connected with more recent qualitative investigations of interactional, as opposed to transactional, communicative exchange. Methods & Procedures: While performing single-word production tasks, 10 adults with aphasia produced 107 utterances that contained spontaneous word retrieval behaviours. To determine the "communicative value'' of these behaviours, herein designated self cues or self-generated cues, the utterance-final (potential target) word was edited out and the edited utterances were dubbed onto a videotape. Six naive observers, three of whom received some context about the nature of word retrieval in aphasia and possible topics for the utterances, and three of whom got no information, predicted the target word of each utterance from the word-finding behaviours alone. The communicative value of the self-generated cues was determined for each individual with aphasia by summing percent correct word retrieval and percent correct observer prediction of target words, based on word retrieval behaviours. The newly added commentary describes some challenges of investigating a "communicative value'' outcome, and indicates what would and would not change about the methods, if we did the study today. Outcomes & Results: The observer group that was given some context information appeared to be more successful at predicting target words than the group without any such information. Self-generated cues enhanced communication for the majority of individuals with aphasia, with some cues (e. g., descriptions/gestures of action or function) appearing to carry more communicative value than others (e. g., semantic associates). The commentary again indicates how and why we would change this portion of the investigation if conducting the study at this time. Conclusions: The results are consistent with Holland's ( 1977) premise that people with aphasia do well at communication, regardless of the words they produce. The finding that minimal context information may assist observers in understanding the communicative intent of people with aphasia has important implications for training family members to interpret self-generated cues. The new commentary reinforces these conclusions, highlights potential differences between self cues that improve word-finding success and those that enhance message transmission, and points to some additional research needs. C1 Univ Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15238 USA. Univ Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40506 USA. RP Tompkins, CA (reprint author), Univ Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15238 USA. EM tompkins@pitt.edu CR ATEN J, 1986, FUNCTIONAL COMMUNICA BACKMAN L, 1988, INT J AGING HUM DEV, V26, P241, DOI 10.2190/TQWD-W1AQ-1NV2-P73G Barton M I, 1971, Cortex, V7, P73 Beeson PM, 1997, APHASIOLOGY, V11, P323, DOI 10.1080/02687039708248474 BERMAN M, 1967, J SPEECH HEAR DISORD, V32, P372 Boyle M, 2004, AM J SPEECH-LANG PAT, V13, P236, DOI 10.1044/1058-0360(2004/025) Boyle M., 1995, AM J SPEECH-LANG PAT, V4, P94 CARROLL JB, 1973, Q J EXP PSYCHOL, V25, P85, DOI 10.1080/14640747308400325 Coelho CA, 2000, APHASIOLOGY, V14, P133 Cohen J., 1977, STAT POWER ANAL BEHA Constantinidou F, 2004, BRAIN LANG, V89, P216, DOI 10.1016/S0093-934X(03)00399-7 Cranfill TB, 2005, APHASIOLOGY, V19, P577, DOI 10.1080/02687030444000417 Cunningham R, 2003, APHASIOLOGY, V17, P687, DOI 10.1080/02687030344000184 Davis G, 1985, ADULT APHASIA REHABI Davis GA, 2005, APHASIOLOGY, V19, P21, DOI 10.1080/02687030444000598 DeDe G, 2003, APHASIOLOGY, V17, P465, DOI 10.1080/02687030344000094 DRUMMOND SS, 1981, J COMMUN DISORD, V14, P287, DOI 10.1016/0021-9924(81)90013-7 Elman R. J., 1995, AM J SPEECH-LANG PAT, V4, P115 Faroqi-Shah Y, 2003, BRAIN LANG, V85, P409, DOI 10.1016/S0093-934X(02)00586-2 Ferguson A, 1998, APHASIOLOGY, V12, P1007, DOI 10.1080/02687039808249466 FERGUSON A, 1992, CLIN APHASIOLOGY, V21, P299 Fink RB, 2002, APHASIOLOGY, V16, P1061, DOI 10.1080/02687030244000400 Francis DR, 2002, APHASIOLOGY, V16, P243, DOI 10.1080/02687040143000564 Frattali C. M., 1998, MEASURING OUTCOMES S Freed D, 2004, APHASIOLOGY, V18, P743, DOI 10.1080/02687030444000246 Freed D. B., 1995, AM J SPEECH-LANG PAT, V4, P105 FREED DB, 1995, CLIN APHASIOLOGY, V23 FREED DB, 1995, J SPEECH HEAR RES, V38, P1081 Frick-Horbury D, 2002, AM J PSYCHOL, V115, P1, DOI 10.2307/1423671 GARDNER H, 1973, NEUROPSYCHOLOGIA, V11, P213, DOI 10.1016/0028-3932(73)90010-9 GOLPER LC, 1983, CLIN APHASIOLOGY, V13, P52 Goodglass H., 1966, CORTEX, V2, P74 GOODGLASS H, 1976, CORTEX, V12, P145 Hillis AE, 1998, J INT NEUROPSYCH SOC, V4, P648, DOI 10.1017/S135561779846613X Holland A., 1980, COMMUNICATIVE ABILIT Holland A., 1977, RATIONALE ADULT APHA HOLLAND A. L., 1977, RATIONALE ADULT APHA, P167 Holland A. L., 1999, COMMUNICATION ACTIVI HOUGH MS, 1994, LANGUAGE INTERVENTIO, P246 Howard D, 1998, APHASIOLOGY, V12, P399, DOI 10.1080/02687039808249540 Kagan Aura, 2004, Top Stroke Rehabil, V11, P67 LI EC, 1995, J COMMUN DISORD, V28, P39, DOI 10.1016/0021-9924(95)91023-Z LINEBAUGH C, 1977, CLIN APHASIOLOGY, V7, P19 LINEBAUGH C, 1977, CLNI APH C P 1977 MI LOMAS J, 1989, J SPEECH HEAR DISORD, V54, P113 Lowell S., 1995, AM J SPEECH-LANG PAT, V4, P109 LUBINSKI R, 1980, CLIN APHASIOLOGY, V10, P111 Lustig AP, 2002, APHASIOLOGY, V16, P507, DOI 10.1080/02687030244000211 MANTYLA T, 1986, J EXP PSYCHOL LEARN, V12, P66 MARSHALL RC, 1976, J SPEECH HEAR DISORD, V41, P444 MARSHALL RC, 1992, APHASIOLOGY, V6, P567, DOI 10.1080/02687039208249492 MARSHALL RC, 1994, CLIN APHASIOL, V22, P335 MARSHALL RC, 1981, J SPEECH HEAR DISORD, V46, P168 Marshall RC, 2001, APHASIOLOGY, V15, P585, DOI 10.1080/02687040143000050 Marshall RC, 2002, APHASIOLOGY, V16, P763, DOI 10.1080/02687030244000040 MARSHALL RC, 1995, AM J SPEECH-LANG PAT, V4, P164 MARSHALL RC, 1991, CLIN APHASIOLOGY MARSHALL RC, 1982, BRAIN LANG, V15, P292, DOI 10.1016/0093-934X(82)90061-X Mayer JF, 2003, APHASIOLOGY, V17, P481, DOI 10.1080/02687030344000148 MILLS R, 1977, CLIN APH C P 1977 MILLS RH, 1979, J SPEECH HEAR RES, V22, P73 Oelschlaeger ML, 1999, AM J SPEECH-LANG PAT, V8, P62 OLDFIELD RC, 1965, Q J EXP PSYCHOL, V17, P273, DOI 10.1080/17470216508416445 Pashek GV, 2002, APHASIOLOGY, V16, P261, DOI 10.1080/02687040143000573 PEASE D M, 1978, Cortex, V14, P178 Robey RR, 1998, APHASIOLOGY, V12, P787, DOI 10.1080/02687039808249573 Saito A, 2001, BRAIN LANG, V77, P1, DOI 10.1006/brln.2000.2388 SAUZEON H, 2001, CURRENT PSYCHOL LETT, P65 SERON X, 1982, J COMMUN DISORD, V15, P223, DOI 10.1016/0021-9924(82)90035-1 SIMMONS NN, 1987, CLIN APHASIOLOGY, V17 SIMMONSMACKIE N, 1995, CLIN APHASIOLOGY, V23 Spencer KA, 2000, APHASIOLOGY, V14, P567 STIMLEY MA, 1991, BRAIN LANG, V41, P496, DOI 10.1016/0093-934X(91)90170-6 MASSARO M, 1994, CLIN APHASIOL, V22, P245 TOMPKINS CA, 2001, LANGUAGE INTERVENTIO, P129 TOMPKINS CA, 1982, CLIN APHASIOLOGY, V12, P75 Wambaugh J, 2004, APHASIOLOGY, V18, P979, DOI 10.1080/02687030444000471 WATAMORI TS, 1991, CLIN APHASIOLOGY, V20 WEIDNER WE, 1983, J COMMUN DISORD, V16, P111, DOI 10.1016/0021-9924(83)90042-4 WHITNEY J, 1975, ANN CONV AM SPEECH H WHITNEY JL, 1989, J SPEECH HEAR DISORD, V54, P576 Williams Sarah E., 1994, Journal of Communication Disorders, V27, P207, DOI 10.1016/0021-9924(94)90001-9 NR 82 TC 5 Z9 5 PU PSYCHOLOGY PRESS PI HOVE PA 27 CHURCH RD, HOVE BN3 2FA, EAST SUSSEX, ENGLAND SN 0268-7038 J9 APHASIOLOGY JI Aphasiology PD JUL PY 2006 VL 20 IS 7 BP 684 EP 704 DI 10.1080/02687030500334076 PG 21 WC Clinical Neurology SC Neurosciences & Neurology GA 052AJ UT WOS:000238202500005 ER PT J AU Duffy, JR AF Duffy, JR TI Apraxia of speech in degenerative neurologic disease SO APHASIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID PRIMARY-PROGRESSIVE-APHASIA; NONFLUENT APHASIA; PICKS-DISEASE; DEMENTIA; DISORDERS; DIAGNOSIS; ANARTHRIA; LANGUAGE; APHEMIA AB Background: Only a limited number of case reports or case series have provided unequivocal evidence that apraxia of speech (AOS) can be the first or predominant sign of neurodegenerative disease. This may reflect a very low frequency of occurrence but may also reflect a failure in many studies to identify AOS or distinguish it from the diagnosis of primary progressive aphasia (PPA). The distinction may be important to clinical neurological localisation and diagnosis, prognosis, management, and histopathology. Aims: To describe the demographic characteristics, presenting complaints, perceptual attributes, associated speech- language and related clinical findings, neuroimaging findings, and clinical neurological diagnoses for a large group of patients with AOS due to degenerative neurologic disease. Methods & Procedures: Retrospective review of patients seen between 1985 and 2004, who had AOS that was never less severe than any aphasia that might have been present and whose neurologic evaluation concluded that the cause was degenerative. Outcomes & Results: A total of 80 patients met inclusion criteria. Of these patients, 61% were men. Average age at initial evaluation was 69 years (range = 36-86 years). Speech-language difficulty was the first symptom to emerge in 80% and the only patient complaint at the time of initial evaluation in 56%. Average duration of symptoms at initial evaluation was 29 months. Aphasia and dysarthria were unequivocally present in 49% and 50% of the sample, respectively. Of the 80 patients with AOS, 11% had neither aphasia nor dysarthria. When abnormal, neuroimaging often identified left or left. right hemisphere abnormalities. Of these patients, 44% received purely descriptive clinical neurologic diagnoses that were largely determined by speech-language findings; an additional 18% received diagnoses related to focal/ asymmetric cortical atrophy syndromes that localised to the left hemisphere; 29% received diagnoses of diseases with prominent motor manifestations, most often corticobasal degeneration, progressive supranuclear palsy, or motor neuron disease. Conclusions: AOS can be the first and most prominent manifestation of neurodegenerative disease. It often co- occurs with aphasia and/ or dysarthria, but it can be the only speech- language disorder. It does not appear to be associated with any single neurologic disease but specific neurologic diagnoses, when they are possible, tend to reflect conditions with prominent motor manifestations. It is important to distinguish primary progressive AOS from PPA. C1 Mayo Clin, Dept Neurol, Div Speech Pathol, Rochester, MN 55905 USA. RP Duffy, JR (reprint author), Mayo Clin, Dept Neurol, Div Speech Pathol, Rochester, MN 55905 USA. CR Abe K, 1997, NEURORADIOLOGY, V39, P556 Blake ML, 2003, J MED SPEECH-LANG PA, V11, P131 Boeve B, 2003, EUR NEUROL, V49, P72, DOI 10.1159/000068502 Broussolle E, 1996, J NEUROL SCI, V144, P44, DOI 10.1016/S0022-510X(96)00096-2 CASELLI RJ, 1993, ANN NEUROL, V33, P200, DOI 10.1002/ana.410330210 Chapman SB, 1997, NEUROLOGY, V49, P1298 COHEN L, 1993, J NEUROL NEUROSUR PS, V56, P923, DOI 10.1136/jnnp.56.8.923 CRAENHALS A, 1990, APHASIOLOGY, V4, P485, DOI 10.1080/02687039008248789 DERENZI E, 1962, BRAIN, V85, P665, DOI 10.1093/brain/85.4.665 Didic M, 1998, EUR NEUROL, V39, P90, DOI 10.1159/000007914 DUFFY JR, 1992, APHASIOLOGY, V6, P1, DOI 10.1080/02687039208248573 Duffy J.R, 2005, MOTOR SPEECH DISORDE FRATTALI CM, 2000, CORTICOBASAL DEGENER, V82 Fukui T, 1996, NEUROLOGY, V47, P467 Gorno-Tempini ML, 2004, ANN NEUROL, V55, P335, DOI 10.1002/ana.10825 Greene JDW, 1996, ARCH NEUROL-CHICAGO, V53, P1072 Hart RP, 1997, APHASIOLOGY, V11, P73, DOI 10.1080/02687039708248456 Hodges J R, 1996, J Int Neuropsychol Soc, V2, P511 Josephs KA, 2005, NEUROCASE, V11, P283, DOI 10.1080/13554790590963004 Kaplan E., 2001, BOSTON NAMING TEST Kareken DA, 1998, ARCH NEUROL-CHICAGO, V55, P107, DOI 10.1001/archneur.55.1.107 KARTSOUNIS LD, 1991, CORTEX, V27, P121 KAVRIE SH, 1994, ANN CONV AM SPEECH L Kertesz A, 2003, J INT NEUROPSYCH SOC, V9, P710, DOI 10.1017/S1355617703950041 Lampl Y, 1997, J NUCL MED, V38, P1122 Mcneil M. R., 2001, LANGUAGE INTERVENTIO, P472 McNeil MR, 1997, CLIN MANAGEMENT SENS, P311 MCNEIL MR, 2000, APHASIA LANGUAGE THE, P221 Mesulam MM, 2001, ANN NEUROL, V49, P425, DOI 10.1002/ana.91 MESULAM MM, 1982, ANN NEUROL, V11, P592, DOI 10.1002/ana.410110607 Mesulam MM, 2003, ANN NEUROL, V54, pS11, DOI 10.1002/ana.10569 ROSENFIELD DB, 1991, ANN NEUROL, V30, P296 Sakurai Y, 1998, J NEUROL SCI, V159, P156, DOI 10.1016/S0022-510X(98)00159-2 Schuell H, 1972, MINNESOTA TEST DIFFE Silveri MC, 2003, NEUROCASE, V9, P213, DOI 10.1076/neur.9.3.213.15555 TAMINGA CA, 1996, AM J PSYCHIAT, V153, P309 Turner RS, 1996, ANN NEUROL, V39, P166, DOI 10.1002/ana.410390205 TYRRELL PJ, 1991, J NEUROL NEUROSUR PS, V54, P351, DOI 10.1136/jnnp.54.4.351 van Elst LHT, 2002, PSYCHIAT CLIN NEUROS, V56, P111 Wertz R. T., 1971, ANN CONV AM SPEECH H Westbury C, 1997, BRAIN LANG, V60, P381, DOI 10.1006/brln.1997.1840 NR 41 TC 36 Z9 37 PU PSYCHOLOGY PRESS PI HOVE PA 27 CHURCH RD, HOVE BN3 2FA, EAST SUSSEX, ENGLAND SN 0268-7038 J9 APHASIOLOGY JI Aphasiology PD JUN PY 2006 VL 20 IS 6 BP 511 EP 527 DI 10.1080/02687030600597358 PG 17 WC Clinical Neurology SC Neurosciences & Neurology GA 052AG UT WOS:000238202200002 ER PT J AU Horton, S AF Horton, S TI A framework for description and analysis of therapy for language impairment in aphasia SO APHASIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID CONVERSATION; AGRAMMATISM; FAMILIARITY; KNOWLEDGE AB Background: The methods used by therapists in the process of language therapy with people with aphasia are seldom explicitly described in therapy studies. Language impairment therapy is often reported in terms of tasks or activities. Reference to cueing or feedback may be made, but the role played by the person with aphasia in these processes usually goes unreported. It has been argued, however, that therapy is not synonymous with the task but takes place through the interactive work between therapist and person with aphasia. Aims: To examine therapy between experienced clinicians and people with aphasia in day-to-day practice, addressing a number of questions relating to: the characteristic features of the interaction between therapist and aphasic person; identification of the ``main business'' of the session; the relationship between the ``main business'' and other aspects of the session; the evidence for more explicit definitions of therapy techniques such as those described in the literature as ``cueing'', ``prompting'', ``scaffolding'', ``facilitation'', and ``feedback''. These questions were addressed with the aim of making description of therapy practice more explicit in order (1) to improve the quality of therapy studies, including replications (which rely on, among other things, detailed reporting of treatment variables); (2) to improve understanding of what ``works''/ ``doesn't work''; (3) to improve understanding of the contributions of both therapist and client; (4) to improve the quality and effectiveness of therapy; (5) to improve communication with clients, carers, other professionals, and students. Methods and Procedures: In order to develop an explicit and consistent vocabulary for describing and analysing the enactment of therapy, an observational study was carried out. A total of 15 therapist-aphasic person dyads participated in the study, contributing videotape and audiotape recordings of 41 therapy sessions. Videotapes and audiotape transcriptions were subject to qualitative analysis using a variety of methods derived from ethnography and Conversation Analysis. Outcomes & Results: This study describes the enactment of tasks in ways that (1) account for the interactive nature of therapist and aphasic person contributions; (2) demonstrate how processes of task- related work are distributed across the session as a whole; and (3) address task-related work as a technical and a social process. Conclusions: In this study therapy is examined and the processes through which it takes place are made explicit in a systematic and orderly fashion, addressing the ways in which task- related work is enacted, and revealing the roles of the participants in the conduct of that work. This study confirms the scope of previous conceptualisations of the enactment of therapy, and provides a data- driven description of therapy. In addition, processes through which therapists gained and maintained control of sessions were found to be similar to those reported in studies of other healthcare settings. C1 Univ E Anglia, Sch Allied Hlth Profess, Norwich NR4 7TJ, Norfolk, England. RP Horton, S (reprint author), Univ E Anglia, Sch Allied Hlth Profess, Queens Bldg, Norwich NR4 7TJ, Norfolk, England. CR Atkinson J. M., 1984, STRUCTURES SOCIAL AC Avent JR, 1997, APHASIOLOGY, V11, P1078, DOI 10.1080/02687039708249428 Basso A, 2000, NEUROPSYCHOL REHABIL, V10, P219 Best W, 2002, APHASIOLOGY, V16, P151 BYNG S, 1994, APHASIOLOGY, V8, P315, DOI 10.1080/02687039408248663 BYNG S, 1995, TREATMENT APHASIA TH, P3 BYNG S, 1995, EUR J DISORDER COMM, V30, P303 Casey N., 1984, STRUCTURES SOCIAL AC, P167 Damico JS, 1995, CLIN APHASIOL, V23, P83 Davis G. A., 1993, SURVEY ADULT APHASIA Duffy J. R., 2001, LANGUAGE INTERVENTIO, P341 Eraut M, 2000, BRIT J EDUC PSYCHOL, V70, P113, DOI 10.1348/000709900158001 Ferguson A, 2001, CLIN LINGUIST PHONET, V15, P229 FERGUSON A, 1994, APHASIOLOGY, V8, P143, DOI 10.1080/02687039408248647 Francis DR, 2002, APHASIOLOGY, V16, P243, DOI 10.1080/02687040143000564 Freeman M, 2004, INT J LANG COMM DIS, V39, P481 Goldberg S. A., 1997, CLIN SKILLS SPEECH L Goodwin C., 1981, CONVERSATIONAL ORG I Halliday M. A., 1994, INTRO FUNCTIONAL GRA, V3rd HEGDE MN, 1995, CLIN METHODS PRACTIC Hollis GE, 1998, J CHART INST WATER E, V12, P9 Horton S, 2000, INT J LANG COMM DIS, V35, P355 Howard D., 1992, PYRAMIDS PALM TREES Howard D., 1987, APHASIA THERAPY HIST KAY J, 1996, PSYCHOLINGUISTIC ASS Kovarsky D., 1990, J CHILDHOOD COMMUNIC, V13, P29 Kovarsky D, 1997, LANG SPEECH HEAR SER, V28, P297 Lesser R., 1993, LINGUISTICS APHASIA LEVINSON SC, 1979, LINGUISTICS, V17, P365, DOI 10.1515/ling.1979.17.5-6.365 LI EC, 1989, APHASIOLOGY, V3, P619, DOI 10.1080/02687038908249028 Lincoln Y., 1985, NATURALISTIC ENQUIRY Mason J, 1996, QUALITATIVE RES McTear Michael, 1991, MISCOMMUNICATION PRO, P195 Mehan H., 1979, LEARNING LESSONS SOC Miller G., 1997, QUALITATIVE RES THEO MITCHUM CC, 1995, NEUROPSYCHOL REHABIL, V5, P1, DOI 10.1080/09602019508520173 PANAGOS JM, 1986, CHILD LANG TEACH THE, V2, P211, DOI 10.1177/026565908600200206 Perakyla Anssi, 1995, AIDS COUNSELLING I I PERKINS L, 1995, EUR J DISORDER COMM, V30, P372 RIPICH DN, 1985, APHASIA APRAXIA AGNO, V3, P9 ROBSON J, APHASIA THERAPY FILE, V2 SACKS H, 1992, LECT CONVERSATIONS, V2, P495 SACKS H, 1974, LANGUAGE, V50, P696, DOI 10.2307/412243 Schegloff E., 1986, DIRECTIONS SOCIOLING, P346 Schegloff Emanuel, 1973, SEMIOTICA, V8, P289 SCHWARTZ MF, 1994, APHASIOLOGY, V8, P19, DOI 10.1080/02687039408248639 Seale C, 1999, QUALITY QUALITATIVE SILVAST M, 1991, APHASIOLOGY, V5, P383, DOI 10.1080/02687039108248540 Silverman D, 2000, DOING QUALITATIVE RE SIMMONSMACKIE N, 1999, CONSTRUCTING COMPETE Simmons-Mackie N, 1999, APHASIOLOGY, V13, P681 Simmons-Mackie N, 1999, AM J SPEECH-LANG PAT, V8, P218 Sinclair J. M., 1975, ANAL DISCOURSE ENGLI SNODGRASS JG, 1980, J EXP PSYCHOL-HUM L, V6, P174, DOI 10.1037/0278-7393.6.2.174 SOBIECKAKOSZEL G, 1991, APHASIOLOGY, V5, P197, DOI 10.1080/02687039108249482 Spradley J., 1980, PARTICIPANT OBSERVAT ten Have Paul, 1991, TALK SOCIAL STRUCTUR, P138 WALLACH GP, 1988, LANGUAGE INTERVENTIO West Candace, 1991, MISCOMMUNICATION PRO, P166 WILLIAMSON K, 2001, UNDERPINNING KNOWLED NR 60 TC 12 Z9 12 PU PSYCHOLOGY PRESS PI HOVE PA 27 CHURCH RD, HOVE BN3 2FA, EAST SUSSEX, ENGLAND SN 0268-7038 J9 APHASIOLOGY JI Aphasiology PD JUN PY 2006 VL 20 IS 6 BP 528 EP 564 DI 10.1080/02687030600590130 PG 37 WC Clinical Neurology SC Neurosciences & Neurology GA 052AG UT WOS:000238202200003 ER PT J AU Law, SP Wong, W Kong, A AF Law, SP Wong, W Kong, A TI Direct access from meaning to orthography in Chinese: A case study of superior written to oral naming SO APHASIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID CHARACTER IDENTIFICATION; PHONOLOGICAL ACTIVATION; WORD IDENTIFICATION; ACQUIRED DYSLEXIA; CANTONESE; SPOKEN; REPRESENTATIONS; ORGANIZATION; RECOGNITION; INFORMATION AB Background: For alphabetic scripts, the obligatory phonological mediation hypothesis about written language processing has been seriously challenged by case reports of acquired dyslexia and dysgraphia. Evidence against the hypothesis mainly comes from superior performance on written production over oral production of the same lexical items. In Chinese, the absence of grapheme-to-phoneme conversion, the presence of a character component providing a semantic cue to the meaning of many phonetic compound characters, and the great extent of homophony have led to the view that the orthography is meaning based rather than speech based. However, psycholinguistic studies of character recognition have obtained conflicting results regarding the relative time course of activation of phonological vs semantic information. Aims: This paper addresses the phonological mediation hypothesis through describing the performance pattern of a Cantonese-speaking brain-injured individual, LKY, on tasks involving oral and written production of single Chinese words. Methods and Procedures: The range of tasks administered to LKY included visual-spatial analysis, auditory discrimination, written and spoken lexical decision, repetition, oral and written picture naming, reading aloud and writing-to-dictation of object names, homophone identification and judgements, and verbal and non- verbal semantic tests. Outcomes and Results: LKY performed normally on tasks assessing the processing of visual, auditory, orthographic, and verbal input. He was moderately impaired in repeating words and phrases. His performance on the two naming tasks, reading aloud, and writing-to-dictation was clearly disrupted. In addition, he was unable to retrieve phonological information from orthographic input, given his poor ability to make homophone judgements and identification. While he could select objects that are functionally related in non-verbal semantic tests, he was impaired in accessing meaning from verbal materials. The most significant features of his performance pattern were his superior written over oral picture naming and better written naming than writing-to-dictation of the same stimuli. Conclusions: The discrepancies in performance between oral and written naming and between the written tasks with pictorial vs oral input were due to deficits at the phonological level. Such dissociations support the view that written production of Chinese, similar to the situation with alphabetic writing systems, is not parasitic on phonology, and thereby disconfirm the obligatory phonological mediation hypothesis. C1 Univ Hong Kong, Div Speech & Hearing Sci, Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Peoples R China. RP Law, SP (reprint author), Univ Hong Kong, Div Speech & Hearing Sci, Pokfulam Rd, Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Peoples R China. EM splaw@hkucc.hku.hk CR BUB D, 1982, BRAIN, V105, P697, DOI 10.1093/brain/105.4.697 CARAMAZZA A, 1991, NATURE, V349, P788, DOI 10.1038/349788a0 CARAMAZZA A, 1990, CORTEX, V26, P95 CARAMAZZA A, 2003, LANGUAGE BRAIN REPRE, P203 CHEN HC, 1995, PSYCHOL RES-PSYCH FO, V58, P144, DOI 10.1007/BF00571102 Chen HC, 2001, PSYCHON B REV, V8, P511, DOI 10.3758/BF03196186 HILLIS AE, 1995, COGNITIVE NEUROPSYCH, V12, P187, DOI 10.1080/02643299508251996 Howard D., 1992, PYRAMIDS PALM TREES LAW SP, 1995, SPEECH READING COMP, P143 Law SP, 2005, BEHAV NEUROL, V16, P169 Law SP, 2004, NEUROCASE, V10, P132, DOI 10.1080/13554790490497247 Law SP, 2001, COGNITIVE NEUROPSYCH, V18, P729, DOI 10.1080/02643290143000024 LECK KJ, 1995, MEM COGNITION, V23, P468, DOI 10.3758/BF03197248 LESCH MF, 1993, J EXP PSYCHOL LEARN, V19, P285, DOI 10.1037/0278-7393.19.2.285 LUKETELA G, 1996, PERCEPT PSYCHOPHYS, V58, P823 PERFETTI CA, 1991, J MEM LANG, V30, P473, DOI 10.1016/0749-596X(91)90017-E Perfetti CA, 2005, PSYCHOL REV, V112, P43, DOI 10.1037/0033-295X.112.1.43 Perfetti CA, 1998, J EXP PSYCHOL LEARN, V24, P101, DOI 10.1037/0278-7393.24.1.101 PERFETTI CA, 1995, J EXP PSYCHOL LEARN, V21, P24, DOI 10.1037/0278-7393.21.1.24 Rapp B, 1997, BRAIN LANG, V56, P248, DOI 10.1006/brln.1997.1735 Rapp B, 1997, COGNITIVE NEUROPSYCH, V14, P71 Reich S, 2003, APHASIOLOGY, V17, P585, DOI 10.1080/02687030344000049 Riddoch M.J., 1993, BIRMINGHAM OBJECT RE Shen D, 1999, LANG COGNITIVE PROC, V14, P429 SNODGRASS JG, 1980, J EXP PSYCHOL-HUM L, V6, P174, DOI 10.1037/0278-7393.6.2.174 BARON J, 1976, J EXP PSYCHOL HUMAN, V2, P386, DOI 10.1037/0096-1523.2.3.386 Tainturier MJ, 2001, NEUROCASE, V7, P89, DOI 10.1093/neucas/7.1.89 Tan LH, 1998, READ WRIT, V10, P165, DOI 10.1023/A:1008086231343 TAN LH, 1995, J EXP PSYCHOL LEARN, V21, P43, DOI 10.1037//0278-7393.21.1.43 VanOrden GC, 1997, COGN NEUROPSYCHOL, V14, P131 WANG WSY, 1973, SCI AM, V228, P50 WEEKES BS, 1998, READING WRITING INTE, V10, P47 Weekes BS, 1997, NEUROCASE, V3, P51, DOI 10.1080/13554799708404034 WU RT, 1987, STUDY PHONOLOGICAL S YIU EML, 1992, J NEUROLINGUIST, V7, P379, DOI 10.1016/0911-6044(92)90025-R ZHANG WT, 1994, ADV STUDY CHINESE LA, P185 NR 36 TC 4 Z9 5 PU PSYCHOLOGY PRESS PI HOVE PA 27 CHURCH RD, HOVE BN3 2FA, EAST SUSSEX, ENGLAND SN 0268-7038 J9 APHASIOLOGY JI Aphasiology PD JUN PY 2006 VL 20 IS 6 BP 565 EP 578 DI 10.1080/02687030600591799 PG 14 WC Clinical Neurology SC Neurosciences & Neurology GA 052AG UT WOS:000238202200004 ER PT J AU Sowman, R Robinson, D O'Riordan, R Connolly, S O'Neill, D AF Sowman, R Robinson, D O'Riordan, R Connolly, S O'Neill, D TI Rapidly deteriorating speech and language in a case of probable sporadic Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease SO APHASIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID SLOWLY PROGRESSIVE APHASIA; ALZHEIMERS-DISEASE; SEMANTIC DEMENTIA; IMPAIRMENT; DIAGNOSIS AB Background: Language disorders are common features of the dementias but their use as diagnostic aids has probably been under utilised. Patterns of language disturbance tend to differ according to the cause of dementia. Identifying the type of language disturbance may assist in the diagnosis of the dementia. Furthermore, when a patient presents with unusual patterns of language disturbance, a detailed description of the presentation and the evolution of the language difficulties may aid in the diagnosis of similar cases in the future. We describe a 68-year-old man who presented to a university teaching hospital with a rapid onset of unusual language disturbance and concurrent cognitive deterioration. A diagnosis of probable sporadic Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease (CJD) was made with the aid of serial EEGs and CSF analysis. Aims: This article aims to provide a summary of some of the typical language presentations documented in other causes of dementia and in other reported cases of sporadic CJD, to provide a description of the patterns of language disturbance present in our patient with probable sporadic CJD, and to compare these with the pattern of language disturbance reported in other cases of CJD. Main Contribution: A summary of some of the patterns of language change documented in the dementias is provided and a detailed description of rapidly progressing language disturbance in a case of probable sporadic CJD, which differs from those already documented in the literature. This language disturbance was characterised by an initial, relatively fluent, aphasia- like language disturbance affecting mainly semantic ability and comprehension, with a rapid progression (on a daily basis) through to an eventual global language and cognitive failure. The unusual patterns of language change in this case are described and comparisons are made to the reported patterns of language change in other cases of sporadic CJD. The need for detailed description of language change in the dementias is highlighted. Conclusions: There are very few documented cases of rapid deterioration in language function in probable sporadic CJD. Of those documented, the type and speed of progression of the language disturbance differs greatly. We present this case of probable CJD to provide further description of language change which might highlight the need to add to the sparse number of reported cases in order to help with assessment and management in the future. C1 Adelaide Hosp, Dept Speech & Language Therapy, Dublin 24, Ireland. Meath Hosp, Dept Speech & Language Therapy, Dublin 24, Ireland. RP Sowman, R (reprint author), Adelaide Hosp, Dept Speech & Language Therapy, Dublin 24, Ireland. EM rebecca.sowman@amnch.ie CR BAYLES KA, 1982, BRAIN LANG, V16, P265, DOI 10.1016/0093-934X(82)90086-4 BAYLES KA, 1993, DEV NEUROPSYCHOL, V9, P131 Bayles KA, 2003, J COMMUN DISORD, V36, P209, DOI 10.1016/S0021-9924(03)00020-0 Campbell S, 2004, LANCET, V364, P2068, DOI 10.1016/S0140-6736(04)17520-X Chapman T, 2000, NEUROLOGY, V55, P1396 Cohen D, 2004, EPILEPSY BEHAV, V5, P792, DOI 10.1016/j.yebeh.2004.06.019 Croot K, 2000, BRAIN LANG, V75, P277, DOI 10.1006/brln.2000.2357 EASTLEY R, 2000, DEMENTIA, P41 Garrard P, 1999, APHASIOLOGY, V13, P609 Giraud P, 2002, EUR NEUROL, V48, P218, DOI 10.1159/000066174 Green AJE, 2002, BIOCHEM SOC T, V30, P382 HODGES JR, 1992, BRAIN, V115, P1783, DOI 10.1093/brain/115.6.1783 Hopper Tammy, 2001, Seminars in Speech and Language, V22, P261, DOI 10.1055/s-2001-17425 Kempler D., 1995, DEMENTIA COMMUNICATI, P98 Kertesz A., 1982, W APHASIA BATTERY KIRK A, 1994, CAN J NEUROL SCI, V21, P350 KONTIOLA P, 1990, BRAIN LANG, V38, P364, DOI 10.1016/0093-934X(90)90121-V MANDELL AM, 1989, NEUROLOGY, V39, P55 Mesulam MM, 2003, NEW ENGL J MED, V349, P1535, DOI 10.1056/NEJMra022435 MESULAM MM, 1982, ANN NEUROL, V11, P592, DOI 10.1002/ana.410110607 POECK K, 1988, BRAIN, V111, P151, DOI 10.1093/brain/111.1.151 Ross-Swain D, 1996, ROSS INFORM PROCESSI SHUTTLEWORTH EC, 1985, J NATL MED ASSOC, V77, P649 STEPHENS S, 1999, DIAGNOSIS MANAGEMENT, P137 Szabo K, 2004, CEREBROVASC DIS, V18, P251, DOI 10.1159/000080109 VOGEL D, 1995, EFFECTS DRUGS COMMUN NR 26 TC 2 Z9 2 PU PSYCHOLOGY PRESS PI HOVE PA 27 CHURCH RD, HOVE BN3 2FA, EAST SUSSEX, ENGLAND SN 0268-7038 J9 APHASIOLOGY JI Aphasiology PD JUN PY 2006 VL 20 IS 6 BP 579 EP 592 DI 10.1080/026870030500399129 PG 14 WC Clinical Neurology SC Neurosciences & Neurology GA 052AG UT WOS:000238202200005 ER PT J AU Elman, RJ AF Elman, RJ TI Evidence-based practice: What evidence is missing? SO APHASIOLOGY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 35th Annual Clinical Aphasiology Conference CY MAY 31-JUN 04, 2005 CL Sanibel Isl, FL ID EVIDENCE-BASED MEDICINE; PERSPECTIVE; ETHICS; BIAS AB Background: Evidence-based practice (EBP) is defined as "an approach in which current, high-quality research evidence is integrated with practitioner expertise and client preferences and values into the process of making clinical decisions" (ASHA, 2005). Evidence-based practice has gained significant momentum around the world. Many professional healthcare organisations, including those associated with speech-language pathology, have recommended that clinicians incorporate EBP into everyday clinical practice. Aims: An approach such as EBP relies on the practitioner being able to locate high-quality research in order to provide data that informs his/her clinical decision making. The present paper lists at least five possible sources of bias that serve to reduce available evidence within EPB: funding bias, publication bias, consumer/researcher mismatch, reduced clinical applicability, and over-reliance on randomised controlled trials. Main Contribution: Possible sources of bias within the EPB process, resulting in "missing" evidence are outlined and illustrated. Specific examples are provided from various healthcare fields. Conclusions: It is suggested that discussion of sources of bias within EBP may help to maximise its potential. Audience suggestions provided at the 2005 Clinical Aphasiology Conference regarding possible directions for future work in this are appended. C1 Aphasia Ctr Calif, Oakland, CA 94602 USA. RP Elman, RJ (reprint author), Aphasia Ctr Calif, 3996 Lyman Rd, Oakland, CA 94602 USA. EM RJElman@aol.com CR Adams CE, 2001, PSYCHIAT B, V25, P291, DOI 10.1192/pb.25.8.291 *ASHA, 2005, EV BAS PRACT COMM DI *ASHA, 2004, REP JOINT COORD COMM *ASHA, 2004, EVID PRACT COMM DIS Bensing JM, 2000, PATIENT EDUC COUNS, V39, P1, DOI 10.1016/S0738-3991(99)00107-X BENSON K, 2000, NEW ENGL J MED, V342, P1879 BRADLEY F, 1995, LANCET, V346, P838 Cayley WE, 2003, J FAM PRACTICE, V52, P380 Concato J, 2000, NEW ENGL J MED, V342, P1887, DOI 10.1056/NEJM200006223422507 Edwards A, 2001, EVIDENCE BASED PATIE Elman RJ, 1995, CLIN APHASIOL, V23, P77 Frattali C, 2003, J MED SPEECH-LANG PA, V11, pIX Green J, 1998, BRIT MED J, V316, P1230 Haynes RB, 2002, BMC HEALTH SERV RES, V2, DOI 10.1186/1472-6963-2-3 Kerridge I, 1998, BRIT MED J, V316, P1151 Kerridge RK, 2003, MED J AUSTRALIA, V179, P313 NAYLOR C, 1997, BRIT MED J, V315, P317 Orange JB, 2004, AM J SPEECH-LANG PAT, V13, P264, DOI 10.1044/1058-0360(2004/027) Parr S., 1997, TALKING APHASIA LIVI Robey RR, 1998, J SPEECH LANG HEAR R, V41, P172 Sackett DL, 1996, BRIT MED J, V312, P71 Stern JM, 1997, BRIT MED J, V315, P640 Tallon D, 2000, LANCET, V355, P2037, DOI 10.1016/S0140-6736(00)02351-5 von Segesser Ludwig K, 2003, Interact Cardiovasc Thorac Surg, V2, P403, DOI 10.1016/S1569-9293(03)00237-8 Walker Kim, 2003, Nurs Inq, V10, P145, DOI 10.1046/j.1440-1800.2003.00179.x Williams DDR, 2002, BRIT J PSYCHIAT, V180, P8, DOI 10.1192/bjp.180.1.8 NR 26 TC 5 Z9 6 PU PSYCHOLOGY PRESS PI HOVE PA 27 CHURCH RD, HOVE BN3 2FA, EAST SUSSEX, ENGLAND SN 0268-7038 J9 APHASIOLOGY JI Aphasiology PD FEB-APR PY 2006 VL 20 IS 2-4 BP 103 EP 109 DI 10.1080/02687030500472256 PG 7 WC Clinical Neurology SC Neurosciences & Neurology GA 047PA UT WOS:000237890000002 ER PT J AU Fassbinder, W Tompkins, CA AF Fassbinder, Wiltrud Tompkins, Connie A. TI Hemispheric differences in word-meaning processing: Alternative interpretations of current evidence SO APHASIOLOGY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 35th Annual Clinical Aphasiology Conference CY MAY 31-JUN 04, 2005 CL Sanibel Isl, FL ID LEXICAL AMBIGUITY RESOLUTION; VISUAL-FIELD ASYMMETRIES; CEREBRAL HEMISPHERES; SEMANTIC ACTIVATION; DECISION TASK; TIME-COURSE; CONTEXT; RECOGNITION; INFORMATION; INTEGRATION AB Background. Drawing heavily on results from studies with divided visual field (dvf) presentation, current models of hemispheric differences in word semantic processing converge on a proposal (henceforth, "the standard model") that is increasingly being applied in studies of individuals with brain damage. According to this model, left hemisphere processes focus word meanings to their core, whereas right hemisphere processes keep wider representations active. Aims: This paper has three aims: (a) to raise concerns about methodological aspects of the dvf studies that are usually cited in support for the standard model, specifically assumptions about interpretation of lateral dvf prime presentation and priming measures; (b) to highlight areas of further research and theoretical clarification, with reference to studies with central presentation and general models of word-meaning processing; and (c) to discuss the implications of these concerns for deriving a model of hemispheric differences in word-meaning processing, using evidence from paired word priming studies as an example. Main Contribution: The paper discusses problematic assumptions about paired word priming studies of hemispheric contributions to word semantic processing and proposes further research to clarify these assumptions. Furthermore, it introduces an alternative interpretation of the available data, which provides a more parsimonious account of hemispheric engagement in the paired word semantic priming task. Conclusions: Current evidence about hemispheric differences in word-meaning processing is far from conclusive. It is important to consider alternative interpretations of the available evidence when applying models based on this evidence to the study of language disorders. The alternative account proposed in this paper suggests that LH processing, rather than generally reducing activated word meanings to their core, is important for maintaining meanings that are unambiguous and consistent. C1 Univ Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15260 USA. RP Fassbinder, W (reprint author), Univ Pittsburgh, 4033 Forbes Tower, Pittsburgh, PA 15260 USA. EM wiltrud.fassbinder@wiltrud.com CR Anaki D, 1998, NEUROPSYCHOLOGIA, V36, P691, DOI 10.1016/S0028-3932(97)00141-3 Atchley RA, 1996, BRAIN COGNITION, V30, P277 Atchley RA, 1999, NEUROPSYCHOLOGY, V13, P389, DOI 10.1037//0894-4105.13.3.389 Beaumont JG, 1997, NEUROPSYCHOL REV, V7, P107, DOI 10.1023/B:NERV.0000005947.20270.80 BECKER CA, 1980, MEM COGNITION, V8, P493, DOI 10.3758/BF03213769 Beeman M, 1998, RIGHT HEMISPHERE LANGUAGE COMPREHENSION, P255 Brown CM, 2000, BRAIN LANG, V72, P158 BROWNELL H, 2000, LANGUAGE BRAIN REPRE Burgess C, 1998, RIGHT HEMISPHERE LANGUAGE COMPREHENSION, P215 BURGESS C, 1988, BRAIN LANG, V33, P86, DOI 10.1016/0093-934X(88)90056-9 Cabeza R, 2000, J COGNITIVE NEUROSCI, V12, P1, DOI 10.1162/08989290051137585 CANAS JJ, 1990, Q J EXP PSYCHOL-A, V42, P121 CHIARELLO C, 1992, BRAIN LANG, V42, P52, DOI 10.1016/0093-934X(92)90056-K CHIARELLO C, 1990, BRAIN LANG, V38, P75, DOI 10.1016/0093-934X(90)90103-N Chiarello C, 1998, RIGHT HEMISPHERE LANGUAGE COMPREHENSION, P141 Chiarello C, 2003, NEUROPSYCHOLOGIA, V41, P721, DOI 10.1016/S0028-3932(02)00220-8 Chiarello C, 2003, MIND, BRAIN, AND LANGUAGE: MULTIDISCIPLINARY PERSPECTIVES, P229 Copland DA, 2002, BRAIN LANG, V81, P131, DOI 10.1006/brln.2001.2512 Efron Robert, 1990, DECLINE FALL HEMISPH Faust M, 1998, NEUROPSYCHOLOGIA, V36, P827, DOI 10.1016/S0028-3932(98)00042-6 Fodor Jerry A., 1983, MODULARITY MIND GRINDROD CM, 2003, BRAIN LANG, V85, P5003 Hasbrooke RE, 1998, NEUROPSYCHOLOGY, V12, P78, DOI 10.1037//0894-4105.12.1.78 HELLIGE JB, 1986, BRAIN COGNITION, V5, P200, DOI 10.1016/0278-2626(86)90055-2 Hellige JB, 1993, HEMISPHERIC ASYMMETR Hino Y, 1997, CAN J EXP PSYCHOL, V51, P195, DOI 10.1037/1196-1961.51.3.195 Hutchinson A, 2003, BRAIN LANG, V87, P361, DOI 10.1016/S0093-934X(03)00133-0 JOANETTE Y, 1998, LINGUISTIC LEVELS AP, P19 JONIDES J, 1984, PSYCHOL BULL, V96, P29, DOI 10.1037/0033-2909.96.1.29 Koivisto M, 2000, LATERALITY, V5, P1 KOSSELYN SM, 1999, FUNDAMENTAL NEUROSCI, P1521 McDonald CR, 2005, J INT NEUROPSYCH SOC, V11, P132, DOI 10.1017/S135561770505023X McRae K, 1998, J EXP PSYCHOL LEARN, V24, P558, DOI 10.1037//0278-7393.24.3.558 NAKAGAWA A, 1991, J COGNITIVE NEUROSCI, V3, P313, DOI 10.1162/jocn.1991.3.4.313 Neely J. H., 1991, BASIC PROCESSES READ, P264 Neely JH, 2001, SCI CON SER, P69, DOI 10.1037/10394-005 ROBERTSON LC, 1991, COGNITIVE PSYCHOL, V23, P299, DOI 10.1016/0010-0285(91)90012-D SERGENT J, 1986, BRAIN COGNITION, V5, P174, DOI 10.1016/0278-2626(86)90054-0 Shears C, 2003, LATERALITY, V8, P1, DOI 10.1080/13576500143000302 SHELTON JR, 1992, J EXP PSYCHOL LEARN, V18, P1191, DOI 10.1037//0278-7393.18.6.1191 Simpson G., 1994, HDB PSYCHOLINGUISTIC, P359 SIMPSON GB, 1985, J EXP PSYCHOL HUMAN, V11, P28, DOI 10.1037/0096-1523.11.1.28 Stolz JA, 1999, CURR DIR PSYCHOL SCI, V8, P61, DOI 10.1111/1467-8721.00015 STOLZ JA, 1995, J EXP PSYCHOL LEARN, V21, P596, DOI 10.1037/0278-7393.21.3.596 VANKLEECK MH, 1989, NEUROPSYCHOLOGIA, V27, P1165, DOI 10.1016/0028-3932(89)90099-7 NR 45 TC 6 Z9 6 PU PSYCHOLOGY PRESS PI HOVE PA 27 CHURCH RD, HOVE BN3 2FA, EAST SUSSEX, ENGLAND SN 0268-7038 J9 APHASIOLOGY JI Aphasiology PD FEB-APR PY 2006 VL 20 IS 2-4 BP 110 EP 122 DI 10.1080/02687030500472397 PG 13 WC Clinical Neurology SC Neurosciences & Neurology GA 047PA UT WOS:000237890000003 ER PT J AU Dede, G Caplan, D AF Dede, G Caplan, D TI Factor analysis of aphasic syntactic comprehension disorders SO APHASIOLOGY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 35th Annual Clinical Aphasiology Conference CY MAY 31-JUN 04, 2005 CL Sanibel Isl, FL ID SENTENCE COMPREHENSION; DETERMINANTS; DEFICITS; TIME; AGE AB Background: Many people with aphasia have impaired sentence comprehension. Previous studies using factor analysis have suggested that a single factor accounts for performance on measures of sentence comprehension (e.g., Caplan, Baker, & Dehaut, 1985). However, this work has been limited to measures of accuracy on single sentence comprehension tasks. Aims: The purpose of this study is to further examine the factor structure underlying aphasic sentence comprehension using accuracy, reaction time (RT), and on-line measures using both exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses. Methods & Procedures: A total of 42 people with aphasia and 40 non-brain-damaged controls were tested on 11 sentence types and five tasks. Accuracy and RT data are reported for the whole sentence presentation version of sentence-picture matching, and accuracy data are reported for object manipulation. Confirmatory factor analyses examining measurement invariance across groups and tasks are presented. Exploratory factor analyses of on-line syntactic processing are also presented. Outcomes & Results: Results indicated that one-factor models best account for accuracy and RT data. Measurement of factors was partially invariant across groups and tasks. Factor structures suggestive of syntactic processes emerged in the analyses of on-line measures. Conclusions: This study suggests that syntactic processes may load on separate factors during on-line parsing and that syntactic processes do not dissociate when the parser's Output is used in the service of a task at the end of the sentence. C1 Boston Univ, Boston, MA 02215 USA. Massachusetts Gen Hosp, Boston, MA 02114 USA. RP Caplan, D (reprint author), Neuropsychol Lab, 175 Cambridge St,Suite 340,Fruit St, Boston, MA 02114 USA. EM dcaplan@partners.org CR Balogh J, 1998, BRAIN LANG, V61, P169, DOI 10.1006/brln.1997.1917 Bentler P.M., 1989, EQS STRUCTURAL EQUAT BRTMEULRN J, 1996, CORTEX, V18, P287 Byrne B.M., 1994, STRUCTURAL EQUATION Caplan D, 1996, BRAIN, V119, P933, DOI 10.1093/brain/119.3.933 Caplan D., 1988, DISORDERS SYNTACTIC CAPLAN D, 2005, STUDY SYNTACTIC PROC CAPLAN D, 1985, COGNITION, V21, P117, DOI 10.1016/0010-0277(85)90048-4 Caplan D, 1997, J SPEECH LANG HEAR R, V40, P542 Caplan D., 1992, LANGUAGE STRUCTURE P DeDe G, 2004, PSYCHOL AGING, V19, P601, DOI 10.1037/0882-7974.19.4.601 Dick F, 2001, PSYCHOL REV, V108, P759, DOI 10.1037//0033-295X.108.4.759 Dunn J., 1994, SOUNDEDIT VERSION 2 GRODZINSKY Y, 2000, BEHAV BRAIN SCI, V23, P47 HAARMANN HJ, 1994, BRAIN LANG, V46, P493, DOI 10.1006/brln.1994.1028 JACCARD J, 1996, 07114 SAG U Salthouse TA, 1996, PSYCHOL REV, V103, P403, DOI 10.1037/0033-295X.103.3.403 SCHUELL H, 1975, APHASIA ADULTS TABACHNICK BG, 1996, USING MULTIVARIATE WATERS GS, 2003, Q J EXPT PSYCHOL A, V57, P129 NR 20 TC 3 Z9 3 PU PSYCHOLOGY PRESS PI HOVE PA 27 CHURCH RD, HOVE BN3 2FA, EAST SUSSEX, ENGLAND SN 0268-7038 J9 APHASIOLOGY JI Aphasiology PD FEB-APR PY 2006 VL 20 IS 2-4 BP 123 EP 135 DI 10.1080/02687030500472413 PG 13 WC Clinical Neurology SC Neurosciences & Neurology GA 047PA UT WOS:000237890000004 ER PT J AU Friedmann, N Gvion, A Biran, M Novogrodsky, R AF Friedmann, N Gvion, A Biran, M Novogrodsky, R TI Do people with agrammatic aphasia understand verb movement? SO APHASIOLOGY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 35th Annual Clinical Aphasiology Conference CY MAY 31-JUN 04, 2005 CL Sanibel Isl, FL ID GRAMMATICAL STRUCTURE; BROCAS APHASIA; SYNTACTIC TREE; COMPREHENSION; SENSITIVITY; SENTENCES; NEUROLOGY; LANGUAGE AB Background. Many studies report that the comprehension of sentences derived by movement of phrases is impaired in agrammatism. However, only few studies have explored the comprehension of sentences that involve a movement of the verb. In several languages, the verb can or should move to the second position of a sentence, creating VSO sentences like "Yesterday ate the girl a watermelon" from an SVO sentence. Previous studies of comprehension of verb movement either allowed the patients to use a strategy, or used grammaticality judgement tasks, which probably tap different abilities from interpretation tasks. Aims: The present study tested the comprehension of sentences with verb movement to second position in agrammatism using a novel sentence type that prevented participants from employing strategy-based comprehension. Comprehension was tested using sentences with verb-noun homophones and homographs. In general, the choice between the noun and the verb meaning of homophones and homographs relies on the construction of the syntactic structure of the sentence, and the syntactic role of the ambiguous word. In the current study, we used sentences in which the ambiguous word was placed at the object position, such as "Yesterday caught the bat flies in the garden" (literally transcribed into English). In order to understand whether it is a verb or a noun (whether the bat in this sentence flies, or whether it catches flies), comprehension of the relation between the moved verb and its object is required. Thus, these sentences might shed light on whether individuals with agrammatism can understand verb movement. Methods & Procedures: participants were six Hebrew-speaking individuals with agrammatic aphasia. In Experiment I they paraphrased auditorily presented sentences with homophones; in Experiment 2 they read aloud and then paraphrased written sentences with heterophonic homographs. Both experiments also included, in addition to the target sentences with verb movement, matched sentences with the same homographs and homophones that did not include verb movement. Experiment 1 included 51 sentences, Experiment 2 included 48 sentences per participant. Outcomes & Results: The individuals with agrammatic aphasia failed to read and paraphrase the sentences with verb movement. They either took the object to be the verb. read the moved verb incorrectly, said they did not understand the sentence, or said that there were two parts of the sentence that did not connect. Matched sentences with the same homophones and homographs without verb movement were comprehended significantly better. Normal subjects performed correctly in all conditions. Conclusions: Not only is the comprehension of movement of phrases impaired in agrammatism, but also the comprehension of sentences derived by verb movement. C1 Tel Aviv Univ, Sch Educ, IL-69978 Tel Aviv, Israel. Reuth Med Ctr, Tel Aviv, Israel. Loewenstein Hosp Rehabil Ctr, Raanana, Israel. RP Friedmann, N (reprint author), Tel Aviv Univ, Sch Educ, IL-69978 Tel Aviv, Israel. EM naamafr@post.tau.ac.il RI Friedmann, Naama/M-2688-2013 CR Bastiaanse R, 2003, BRAIN LANG, V84, P286, DOI 10.1016/S0093-934X(02)00553-9 Bastiaanse R, 1998, BRAIN LANG, V64, P165, DOI 10.1006/brln.1998.1972 BORER H, 1995, NAT LANG LINGUIST TH, V13, P527, DOI 10.1007/BF00992740 Chomsky N., 1986, BARRIERS DEGOEDE D, 2004, TIME COURSE VERB PRO DENOUDEN DB, 2004, 5 SCI APH C POTSD GE FRIEDMANN N, 1998, FUNCTIONAL CATEGORIE Friedmann N, 2003, J SPEECH LANG HEAR R, V46, P288, DOI 10.1044/1092-4388(2003/023) Friedmann N, 2005, APHASIOLOGY, V19, P1037, DOI 10.1080/02687030544000236 FRIEDMANN N, 2006, BROCAS REGION FRIEDMANN N, 1998, BAFLA FRIEDMANNS BAT Friedmann N., 2000, GRAMMATICAL DISORDER, P152 Friedmann N, 2001, J PSYCHOLINGUIST RES, V30, P71, DOI 10.1023/A:1005256224207 FRIEDMANN N, 2001, VERB MOVEMENT AGRAMM FRIEDMANN N, 2003, HOMOGRAPH READING AG Gernsbacher M. A., 1994, HDB PSYCHOLINGUISTIC, P1055 Grodzinsky Y, 1998, J COGNITIVE NEUROSCI, V10, P281, DOI 10.1162/089892998562708 GRODZINSKY Y, 1989, BRAIN LANG, V37, P480, DOI 10.1016/0093-934X(89)90031-X Grodzinsky Y, 1999, BRAIN LANG, V67, P134, DOI 10.1006/brln.1999.2050 GRODZINSKY Y, 1991, NAT LANG LINGUIST TH, V9, P431, DOI 10.1007/BF00135354 GRODZINSKY Y, 1995, BRAIN LANG, V50, P27, DOI 10.1006/brln.1995.1039 Grodzinsky Y, 2000, BEHAV BRAIN SCI, V23, P1, DOI 10.1017/S0140525X00002399 KOLK H, 1992, LANG COGNITIVE PROC, V7, P89, DOI 10.1080/01690969208409381 LINEBARGER MC, 1983, COGNITION, V13, P361, DOI 10.1016/0010-0277(83)90015-X LONZI L, 1993, BRAIN LANG, V45, P306, DOI 10.1006/brln.1993.1048 MARSHALL JC, 1973, J PSYCHOLINGUIST RES, V2, P175, DOI 10.1007/BF01067101 NOVOGRODSKY R, 2003, P 19 IATL C JER IATL ONIFER W, 1981, MEM COGNITION, V9, P225, DOI 10.3758/BF03196957 SCHWARTZ MF, 1980, BRAIN LANG, V10, P249, DOI 10.1016/0093-934X(80)90055-3 SCHWARTZ MF, 1987, LANGUAGE COGNITIVE, V2, P55 SHAPIRO LP, 1993, BRAIN LANG, V45, P423, DOI 10.1006/brln.1993.1053 SHLONSKY U, 1992, P W COAST C, V10, P431 Shlonsky U., 1997, CLAUSE STRUCTURE WOR Vikner Sten, 1995, VERB MOVEMENT EXPLET ZURIF E, 1983, COGNITION, V15, P207, DOI 10.1016/0010-0277(83)90041-0 Zurif E., 1976, STUDIES NEUROLINGUIS, V1 NR 36 TC 4 Z9 4 PU PSYCHOLOGY PRESS PI HOVE PA 27 CHURCH RD, HOVE BN3 2FA, EAST SUSSEX, ENGLAND SN 0268-7038 J9 APHASIOLOGY JI Aphasiology PD FEB-APR PY 2006 VL 20 IS 2-4 BP 136 EP 153 DI 10.1080/02687030500472462 PG 18 WC Clinical Neurology SC Neurosciences & Neurology GA 047PA UT WOS:000237890000005 ER PT J AU Martin, N Schwartz, MF Kohen, FP AF Martin, N Schwartz, MF Kohen, FP TI Assessment of the ability to process semantic and phonological aspects of words in aphasia: A multi-measurement approach SO APHASIOLOGY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 35th Annual Clinical Aphasiology Conference CY MAY 31-JUN 04, 2005 CL Sanibel Isl, FL ID SHORT-TERM-MEMORY; SPEECH PRODUCTION; LEXICAL ACCESS; MODELS; REPRESENTATIONS; RETRIEVAL; OUTPUT AB Background: Aphasia can disrupt processing of semantic and/or phonological aspects of words and each of these domains involves multiple operations. Adequate assessment of word processing requires multiple measurements probing in each domain. Aims: This paper aims to facilitate accurate and comprehensive testing of the multiple operations involved in semantic and phonological processing of spoken words. Methods & Procedures: Normative data (means and standard deviations) from aphasic samples on six measures of input semantic processing and five measures of input phonological processing are provided. Additionally, scores on these measures are correlated with performance on a picture-naming test to determine whether they could predict performance in word production. The benefits of using a multi-measurement approach are discussed. Outcome & Results: We demonstrate how these norms can be used to establish z-score profiles of an individual's semantic and phonological abilities with reference to the aphasic sample. Additionally, we provide evidence that the measures of input processing on the semantic and phonological batteries can predict response patterns in a production task, picture naming. z-scores on the measures were positively correlated with picture-naming accuracy, and measures in each domain followed a predicted pattern of correlation with error patterns in naming. Conclusions: Using the means and standard deviations from this study, a clinician or researcher can establish z-score profiles of participants that will indicate the severity of semantic or phonological impairment compared with other individuals with aphasia. Comparison with this reference group will aid in the development of a therapy programme that is at an appropriate level of difficulty and will facilitate interpretation of progress being made in treatment. Additionally, this battery of input measures can be used to estimate patterns of output (correct and erroneous responses) in picture naming. C1 Temple Univ, Dept Commun Sci, Philadelphia, PA 19122 USA. Moss Rehabil Res Inst, Philadelphia, PA USA. RP Martin, N (reprint author), Temple Univ, Dept Commun Sci, Weiss Hall,Room 110,1701 N 13th St, Philadelphia, PA 19122 USA. CR Chute D. L., 1990, MACLABORATORY PSYCHO Davis A., 1991, NEUROPSYCHOL REHABIL, V1, P135, DOI 10.1080/09602019108401387 Dell GS, 2004, COGN NEUROPSYCHOL, V21, P125, DOI 10.1080/02643290342000320 DELL GS, 1986, PSYCHOL REV, V93, P283, DOI 10.1037//0033-295X.93.3.283 Dell GS, 1997, PSYCHOL REV, V104, P801, DOI 10.1037/0033-295X.104.4.801 Dunn L. M., 1981, PEABODY PICTURE VOCA Fink RB, 2002, APHASIOLOGY, V16, P1061, DOI 10.1080/02687030244000400 Foygel D, 2000, J MEM LANG, V43, P182, DOI 10.1006/jmla.2000.2716 FRANCIS WN, 1982, FRQUENCY ANAL ENGLIS Goodglass H, 1983, ASSESSMENT APHASIA R, V2nd Hillis A. E., 1991, CLIN APHASIOLOGY, V19, P255 HILLIS AE, 1995, COGNITIVE NEUROPSYCH, V12, P187, DOI 10.1080/02643299508251996 Howard D., 1992, PYRAMIDS PALM TRESS Kay J., 1992, PALPA PSYCHOLINGUIST Kertesz A., 1982, W APHASIA BATTERY LAMBONRALPH MA, 2002, APHASIOLOGY, V16, P56 LEVELT WJM, 1992, COGNITION, V42, P1, DOI 10.1016/0010-0277(92)90038-J Martin N, 2002, APHASIOLOGY, V16, P107, DOI 10.1080/02687040143000447 Martin N, 1997, COGNITIVE NEUROPSYCH, V14, P641 Martin N., 1999, INT J PSYCHOL, V34, P330 MARTIN N, 1992, BRAIN LANG, V43, P240, DOI 10.1016/0093-934X(92)90130-7 Martin N, 2004, APHASIOLOGY, V18, P457, DOI 10.1080/02687030444000129 Nettleton J., 1991, J NEUROLINGUIST, V6, P139, DOI 10.1016/0911-6044(91)90004-3 Norman D. A., 1970, MODELS HUM MEMORY, P203 Roach A., 1996, CLIN APHASIOLOGY, V24, P121 Saffran EM, 2003, LANG COGNITIVE PROC, V18, P725, DOI 10.1080/01690960344000107 SAFFRAN EM, 1987, PHILADELPHIA COMPREH SCHWARTZ MF, IN PRESS J MEMORY LA WARRINGT.EK, 1969, BRAIN, V92, P885, DOI 10.1093/brain/92.4.885 NR 29 TC 19 Z9 19 PU PSYCHOLOGY PRESS PI HOVE PA 27 CHURCH RD, HOVE BN3 2FA, EAST SUSSEX, ENGLAND SN 0268-7038 J9 APHASIOLOGY JI Aphasiology PD FEB-APR PY 2006 VL 20 IS 2-4 BP 154 EP 166 DI 10.1080/02687030500472520 PG 13 WC Clinical Neurology SC Neurosciences & Neurology GA 047PA UT WOS:000237890000006 ER PT J AU McNeil, MR Matthews, CT Hula, WD Doyle, PJ Fossett, TRD AF McNeil, MR Matthews, CT Hula, WD Doyle, PJ Fossett, TRD TI Effects of visual-manual tracking under dual-task conditions on auditory language comprehension and story retelling in persons with aphasia SO APHASIOLOGY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 35th Annual Clinical Aphasiology Conference CY MAY 31-JUN 04, 2005 CL Sanibel Isl, FL ID RESOURCE-ALLOCATION; DIVIDED ATTENTION; PERFORMANCE; INDIVIDUALS; FMRI AB Background: Two recent studies (McNeil et al., 2004, 2005) evaluated non-brain-injured (N-BI) elderly persons' dual-task performance oil a story retell procedure (SRP) and a visual-manual line-tracking task. Results of both studies demonstrated a unidirectional cost whereby the difficulty of the language task had an effect on tracking performance; however, the difficulty of the tracking task had no effect on language comprehension as indexed by story retelling. Aims: The specific aim of this investigation was to assess the effects of performing a concurrent visual-manual tracking task on the comprehension of stories in persons with aphasia (PWA). Methods & Procedures: The current study evaluated the performance trading in these tasks in PWA using similar dual-task procedures as those employed ill the McNeil et al (2004 2005) studies. Specifically, two tracking difficulty levels were used to assess concurrent costs under a single difficulty level of the SRP. Outcomes & Results: The results of this study replicate, in PWA, the null effect of tracking, difficulty on story retell performance that was found in the two earlier studies in N-BI elderly persons. Contrary to predictions, there was no significant effect of tracking difficulty on story retell performance. There was also no significant difference between story comprehension or visual manual-tracking tasks performed alone or in the competing conditions. Conclusions: The results of this study do not support the hypothesis that a deficit in allocating processing resources in PWA would result in a concurrent cost of tracking difficulty on story comprehension. The results are discussed relative to the limitations of the story retell procedure for indexing potential dual-task effects and relative to the possible structure of the shared cognitive architecture used in these specific dual-tasks. C1 Univ Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15260 USA. VA Pittsburgh Healthcare Syst, Pittsburgh, PA USA. Ctr Geriatr Res Educ & Clin, Pittsburgh, PA USA. RP McNeil, MR (reprint author), Univ Pittsburgh, Dept Commun Sci & Disorders, 4033 Forbes Tower, Pittsburgh, PA 15260 USA. EM mcneil@pitt.edu CR Arvedson J. C., 1986, CLIN APHASIOLOGY, V17, P188 ARVEDSON JC, 1986, CLIN APHASIOLOGY, V16, P57 Backs RW, 1997, ACTA PSYCHOL, V96, P167, DOI 10.1016/S0001-6918(97)00010-3 BAYLES KA, 1989, J SPEECH HEAR DISORD, V54, P74 BAYLES KA, 1993, ARIZON BATTERY COMMU BROOKSHIRE RH, 1997, DISCOURSE COMPREHEN Clark H. M., 1995, AM J SPEECH-LANG PAT, V4, P143 DISIMONI FG, 1980, J SPEECH HEAR RES, V23, P511 DOYLE PJ, 1998, QUANTIFYING SPOKEN L Erickson RJ, 1996, BRAIN COGNITION, V30, P244, DOI 10.1006/brcg.1996.0016 Granier JP, 2000, APHASIOLOGY, V14, P501 ISREAL JB, 1980, PSYCHOPHYSIOLOGY, V17, P259, DOI 10.1111/j.1469-8986.1980.tb00146.x McNeil MR, 2001, APHASIOLOGY, V15, P991 McNeil MR, 2004, APHASIOLOGY, V18, P521, DOI 10.1080/02687030444000138 McNeil MR, 2001, APHASIOLOGY, V15, P901 MCNEIL MR, 1991, CLIN APHASIOLOGY, V20, P21 McNeill MR, 2005, APHASIOLOGY, V19, P473, DOI 10.1080/02687030444000895 Murray LL, 1997, J SPEECH LANG HEAR R, V40, P792 Murray LL, 1997, APHASIOLOGY, V11, P401, DOI 10.1080/02687039708248480 Navon D., 1980, ATTENTION PERFORM, P297 Navon D, 2002, COGNITIVE PSYCHOL, V44, P193, DOI 10.1006/cogp.2001.0767 Pashler H.E., 1998, PSYCHOL ATTENTION Schubert T, 2003, COGNITIVE BRAIN RES, V17, P733, DOI 10.1016/S0926-6410(03)00198-8 Szameitat AJ, 2002, J COGNITIVE NEUROSCI, V14, P1184, DOI 10.1162/089892902760807195 TSENG CH, 1993, BRAIN LANG, V45, P276, DOI 10.1006/brln.1993.1046 WILSON RH, 1980, J SPEECH HEAR DISORD, V45, P223 NR 26 TC 3 Z9 3 PU PSYCHOLOGY PRESS PI HOVE PA 27 CHURCH RD, HOVE BN3 2FA, EAST SUSSEX, ENGLAND SN 0268-7038 J9 APHASIOLOGY JI Aphasiology PD FEB-APR PY 2006 VL 20 IS 2-4 BP 167 EP 174 DI 10.1080/02687030500472660 PG 8 WC Clinical Neurology SC Neurosciences & Neurology GA 047PA UT WOS:000237890000007 ER PT J AU Olness, GS AF Olness, GS TI Genre, verb, and coherence in picture-elicited discourse of adults with aphasia SO APHASIOLOGY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 35th Annual Clinical Aphasiology Conference CY MAY 31-JUN 04, 2005 CL Sanibel Isl, FL ID DUTCH AB Background: Discourse coherence is derived, in part, from the relationship between and among words and sentences. In studies of aphasia, the relationship between discourse-level and sentence-level phenomena may be examined through the verb. In clinical picture elicitations of discourse, the nature of the pictures or the accompanying elicitation instructions may influence the discourse genre of the response (descriptive vs narrative), which in turn may place different linguistic demands (e.g., verb production demands) on the speaker with aphasia. Aims: This study explores aphasic speakers' partial construction of discourse coherence through relationships between and among action, background, and setting information carried largely by the verb, in picture-elicited discourse productions of two different genres: descriptive and narrative. Methods & Procedures: Twelve individuals with aphasia of mild to moderate severity were presented with five pictures: two composite and three complex. Verbal discourse responses were elicited with common clinical instructions. For the three complex pictures, discourse was also elicited with instructions that explicitly requested temporal sequencing. Discourse genre (descriptive vs narrative) of each response was determined. Verbs within each response were categorised on dimensions of form (tense) and function (degree of association with storyline). Outcomes & Results: For common clinical elicitations, discourse genre was descriptive, verb tense was present and/or non-finite, and verbs filled background and setting functions, regardless of picture type. For elicitations that requested temporal sequencing, participants produced more narrative discourse genre, and more past tense and storyline function on verbs. Exceptions to the group patterns are discussed and exemplified. Conclusions: The patterns of group results and the exceptions to these patterns provide insights into the relationship between the discourse and sentence levels, and the ability of individuals with aphasia to negotiate this relationship in their discourse productions. Findings also hold methodological implications for sampling discourse production among individuals with aphasia. C1 UTD, Callier Ctr, Dallas, TX 75235 USA. RP Olness, GS (reprint author), UTD, Callier Ctr, 1966 Inwood Rd, Dallas, TX 75235 USA. EM golness@utdallas.edu CR Armstrong E, 2000, APHASIOLOGY, V14, P875, DOI 10.1080/02687030050127685 Bastiaanse R, 2004, BRAIN LANG, V89, P91, DOI 10.1016/S0093-934X(03)00306-7 Bastiaanse R, 1998, BRAIN LANG, V64, P165, DOI 10.1006/brln.1998.1972 BOTTENBERG D, 1987, CLIN APHASIOLOGY, V17, P202 Cartier-Bresson H., 1952, DECISIVE MOMENT FEATHERMAN DL, 1980, 7948 U WISCONSIN GIVON T, SYNTAX FUNCTIONAL TY, V1 Goodglass H, 2001, BOSTON DIAGNOSTIC AP, V3rd Green L., 1998, AFRICAN AM ENGLISH S, P37 HOPPER PJ, 1980, LANGUAGE, V56, P251, DOI 10.2307/413757 KERTESZ, 1982, W APHASIA BATTERY LONGACRE RE, 1989, DISCOURSE PROCESS, V12, P413 Longacre R. E., 1996, GRAMMAR DISCOURSE, V2nd Luria AR, 1962, HIGHER CORTICAL FUNC MYERS PS, 1984, CLIN APHASIOLOGY C P, V14, P145 NICHOLAS LE, 1993, J SPEECH HEAR RES, V36, P338 Olness G. S., 2002, APHASIOLOGY, V16, P623, DOI 10.1080/02687030244000095 POTECHIN GC, 1987, CLIN APHASIOLOGY, V17, P216 Rubin C., 2001, CAPTURE MOMENT PULIT Ulatowska Hanna K., 1991, DEMENTIA COMMUNICATI, P115 Ulatowska HK, 2004, BRAIN LANG, V91, P42, DOI 10.1016/j.bandl.2004.06.024 Ulatowska HK, 2000, BRAIN LANG, V71, P249, DOI 10.1006/brln.1999.2261 NR 22 TC 18 Z9 18 PU PSYCHOLOGY PRESS PI HOVE PA 27 CHURCH RD, HOVE BN3 2FA, EAST SUSSEX, ENGLAND SN 0268-7038 J9 APHASIOLOGY JI Aphasiology PD FEB-APR PY 2006 VL 20 IS 2-4 BP 175 EP 187 DI 10.1080/02687030500472710 PG 13 WC Clinical Neurology SC Neurosciences & Neurology GA 047PA UT WOS:000237890000008 ER PT J AU Gordon, JK AF Gordon, JK TI A quantitative production analysis of picture description SO APHASIOLOGY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 35th Annual Clinical Aphasiology Conference CY MAY 31-JUN 04, 2005 CL Sanibel Isl, FL ID CONNECTED SPEECH SAMPLES; BROCAS APHASIA; AGRAMMATIC PRODUCTION; FLUENT; ADULTS; RETRIEVAL; LANGUAGE; SPEAKERS; VERB AB Background. The Quantitative Production Analysis (QPA) (Berndt et al., 2000; Saffran et al., 1989) was developed to provide an objective means of characterising the grammaticality of spontaneous speech in aphasia. However, there is still no consensus as to the profile of performance, on this or any other measure, that identifies agrammatism. Aim: The aim of this study is to advance the effort to characterise agrammatic speech production, by examining the influence of aphasia severity and fluency on patterns of QPA scores obtained from a broad range of individuals with aphasia. The goal of this process is to identify the quantitative variables most predictive of agrammatism. Methods & Procedures: Spontaneous speech samples were elicited from non-brain-damaged (NBD) older subjects and a group of participants with aphasia unselected by diagnosis, and analysed using the QPA. Data from the NBD and aphasia groups were statistically compared and correlated with ratings of severity. Fluent and non-fluent subjects within the group with aphasia were then compared. Last, the nonfluent group was explored for evidence of agrammatism. Outcomes & Results: Many of the QPA's measures were found to reflect the severity of aphasia and/or the fluency of speech production, suggesting that results on these measures may not be indicative of agrammatism per se. In particular, measures of output productivity (the amount and efficiency of production) were largely determined by aphasia severity, and measures of lexical selection were related to the fluency of production. Profiles of the non-fluent subjects also varied widely, reinforcing the dissociability of different grammatical functions. Conclusions: None of the QPA's measures could be interpreted to reflect agrammatism alone; in fact, many appeared to be reflective of aphasia severity or fluency. Diagnoses of agrammatism still depend on clinical judgement; however, this judgement is aided greatly by the array of objective quantitative information provided by the QPA. C1 Univ Iowa, Dept Speech Pathol & Audiol, Iowa City, IA 52242 USA. RP Gordon, JK (reprint author), Univ Iowa, Dept Speech Pathol & Audiol, 125 B,WJSHC, Iowa City, IA 52242 USA. EM jean-k-gordon@uiowa.edu CR BADECKER W, 1986, COGNITION, V24, P277, DOI 10.1016/S0010-0277(86)80005-1 BARNDT RS, 2000, QUANTITATIVE PRODUCT Bastiaanse R, 1996, APHASIOLOGY, V10, P561, DOI 10.1080/02687039608248437 Berndt RS, 1997, BRAIN LANG, V56, P68 Bird H, 1996, J NEUROLINGUIST, V9, P187, DOI 10.1016/0911-6044(96)00006-1 BROOKSHIRE RH, 1994, J SPEECH HEAR RES, V37, P399 CAPLAN D, 1986, COGNITION, V24, P263, DOI 10.1016/S0010-0277(86)80004-X CRAIG HK, 1993, APHASIOLOGY, V7, P155, DOI 10.1080/02687039308249503 EDWARDS S, 1995, EUR J DISORDER COMM, V30, P333 GLEASON JB, 1975, BRAIN LANG, V2, P451, DOI 10.1016/S0093-934X(75)80083-6 Goodglass H., 2001, ASSESSMENT APHASIA R, V3rd Goodglass H., 1964, CORTEX, V1, P133, DOI [10.1016/S0010-9452(64)80018-6, DOI 10.1016/S0010-9452(64)80018-6] Goodglass H, 2001, BOSTON DIAGNOSTIC AP, V3rd Gordon JK, 2002, BRAIN LANG, V82, P113, DOI 10.1016/S0093-934X(02)00001-9 Hesketh A, 1996, APHASIOLOGY, V10, P49, DOI 10.1080/02687039608248398 Hollingshead A. B., 1975, 4 FACTOR INDEX SOCIA Edwards S, 1998, APHASIOLOGY, V12, P99, DOI 10.1080/02687039808250466 KEAN ML, 1977, COGNITION, V5, P9, DOI 10.1016/0010-0277(77)90015-4 KEGL J, 1995, BRAIN LANG, V50, P151, DOI 10.1006/brln.1995.1044 KOLK H, 1990, APHASIOLOGY, V4, P221, DOI 10.1080/02687039008249075 KOLK H, 1995, BRAIN LANG, V50, P282, DOI 10.1006/brln.1995.1049 KOLK H, 1992, LANG COGNITIVE PROC, V7, P89, DOI 10.1080/01690969208409381 Maxwell SE, 1990, DESIGNING EXPT ANAL MICELI G, 1984, CORTEX, V20, P207 MICELI G, 1989, BRAIN LANG, V36, P447, DOI 10.1016/0093-934X(89)90079-5 NICHOLAS LE, 1993, J SPEECH HEAR RES, V36, P338 Rochon E, 2000, BRAIN LANG, V72, P193, DOI 10.1006/brln.1999.2285 SAFFRAN EM, 1989, BRAIN LANG, V37, P440, DOI 10.1016/0093-934X(89)90030-8 Thomas D, 1995, PMA TECH SYMP PROC, V5, P1 Thompson CK, 1997, APHASIOLOGY, V11, P473, DOI 10.1080/02687039708248485 YORKSTON KM, 1980, J SPEECH HEAR DISORD, V45, P27 ZINGESER LB, 1988, COGNITIVE NEUROPSYCH, V5, P473, DOI 10.1080/02643298808253270 NR 32 TC 9 Z9 9 PU PSYCHOLOGY PRESS PI HOVE PA 27 CHURCH RD, HOVE BN3 2FA, EAST SUSSEX, ENGLAND SN 0268-7038 J9 APHASIOLOGY JI Aphasiology PD FEB-APR PY 2006 VL 20 IS 2-4 BP 188 EP 204 DI 10.1080/02687030500472777 PG 17 WC Clinical Neurology SC Neurosciences & Neurology GA 047PA UT WOS:000237890000009 ER PT J AU Capilouto, GJ Wright, HH Wagovich, SA AF Capilouto, GJ Wright, HH Wagovich, SA TI Reliability of main event measurement in the discourse of individuals with aphasia SO APHASIOLOGY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 35th Annual Clinical Aphasiology Conference CY MAY 31-JUN 04, 2005 CL Sanibel Isl, FL ID CLOSED-HEAD-INJURY; TRAUMATIC BRAIN-INJURY; NARRATIVE DISCOURSE; CONNECTED SPEECH; ADULTS; COMPREHENSION; STORY AB Background: Quantitative measures of discourse skills of adults with aphasia can be valuable in documenting evidenced-based practice. Comprehensive assessment of narrative discourse should include a measure of the ability to relay main events (Nicholas & Brookshire, 1995; Wright, Capilouto, Wagovich, Cranfill, & Davis, 2005). Wright et al. (2005) compared the ability of younger and older healthy adults to relate main events in response to pictured stimuli. Results indicated that the younger group produced a significantly higher proportion of main events as compared to the older group and that the main events measure was stable for individual participants over time. However, performance data and data supporting the stability of the main events measure for individuals with aphasia are needed to extend the clinical usefulness of the main events measure as an assessment tool. Aims: The purpose of this study was (a) to compare the performance of healthy adults and adults with aphasia on their ability to convey main events in pictured stimuli and (b) to establish session-to-session reliability of the authors' main events measure. Methods & Procedures: Eight adults with aphasia (APH) and eight neurologically intact adults (NI) participated in the study. Participants attended two sessions, 7-21 days apart. Each time, participants gave an account of the events from two pictures and two picture sequences (Nicholas & Brookshire, 1993). The resulting language samples were analysed for the proportion of main events conveyed, and test-retest reliability of the measure was assessed. Outcomes & Results: NI adults told a significantly higher proportion of main events than adults with aphasia. The main effect for picture stimulus was also significant; participants told significantly more main events in response to sequential versus single picture stimuli, regardless of group. Test-retest results yielded strong, positive correlations between sessions for both groups. Conclusions: Results indicate that adults with and without aphasia differ in their ability to express the relations and causal links among units of information. Results also indicate that Wright and colleagues' (2005) main events measure demonstrates sufficient stability to provide the foundation for its potential use as a pre- and post-treatment measure. Finally, the finding that the proportion of main events provided in response to stimuli varied according to the nature of the stimuli is consistent with the findings of Wright et al. (2005) and suggests that even for individuals with aphasia, relationships between elements depicted in pictures may be more easily identified and conveyed when sequential pictures are provided as stimuli. C1 Univ Kentucky, Div Commun Disorders, Lexington, KY 40536 USA. Arizona State Univ, Tempe, AZ USA. Univ Missouri, Columbia, MO USA. RP Capilouto, GJ (reprint author), Univ Kentucky, Div Commun Disorders, 900 S Limestone,CTW Bldg, Lexington, KY 40536 USA. EM gjcapi2@uky.edu CR Armstrong E, 2000, APHASIOLOGY, V14, P875, DOI 10.1080/02687030050127685 BOND S, 1983, CLIN APHASIOLOGY C BROWNELL HH, 1988, APHASIOLOGY, V2, P247, DOI 10.1080/02687038808248918 Capilouto G, 2005, J COMMUN DISORD, V38, P431, DOI 10.1016/j.jcomdis.2005.03.005 CAPLAN D, 1990, BRAIN LANG, V39, P206, DOI 10.1016/0093-934X(90)90012-6 CHAPMAN SB, 1992, BRAIN LANG, V43, P42, DOI 10.1016/0093-934X(92)90020-F COELHO CA, 1995, APHASIOLOGY, V9, P409, DOI 10.1080/02687039508248707 Coelho CA, 2002, J SPEECH LANG HEAR R, V45, P1232, DOI 10.1044/1092-4388(2002/099) Cooper P. V., 1990, J GERONTOL B-PSYCHOL, V45, P210 Davis GA, 2004, BRAIN LANG, V89, P508, DOI 10.1016/j.bandl.2004.01.003 Doyle PJ, 1998, APHASIOLOGY, V12, P561, DOI 10.1080/02687039808249558 FOLSTEIN MF, 1975, J PSYCHIAT RES, V12, P189, DOI 10.1016/0022-3956(75)90026-6 Goodglass H, 2000, BOSTON DIAGNOSTIC AP, V3rd Goodglass H., 1983, BOSTON DIAGNOSTIC AP, V2nd HEATH SB, 1986, TOP LANG DISORD, V7, P84 KERTESZ A, 1982, WK APHASIA BATTERY KINTSCH W, 1978, PSYCHOL REV, V85, P363, DOI 10.1037//0033-295X.85.5.363 LILES BZ, 1989, J SPEECH HEAR DISORD, V54, P356 Nicholas Linda E., 1995, Journal of Speech and Hearing Research, V38, P145 NICHOLAS LE, 1993, J SPEECH HEAR RES, V36, P338 OLNESS G, 2005, CLIN APH C SAN FLOR Olness G. S., 2002, APHASIOLOGY, V16, P623, DOI 10.1080/02687030244000095 POTECHIN GG, 1987, APHASIOLOGY, V17, P216 PRINS RS, 1978, BRAIN LANG, V6, P192, DOI 10.1016/0093-934X(78)90058-5 Rosenbek J.C., 1989, APHASIA CLIN APPROAC SKA B, 2004, MIT ENCY COMMUNICAT Tucker FM, 1998, BRAIN INJURY, V12, P783 ULATOWSKA H, 1990, DISCOURSE ABILITY BR, P191 ULATOWSKA HK, 1981, BRAIN LANG, V13, P345, DOI 10.1016/0093-934X(81)90100-0 Ulatowska HK, 2003, APHASIOLOGY, V17, P511, DOI 10.1080/02687030344000102 Ulatowska HK, 2000, BRAIN LANG, V71, P249, DOI 10.1006/brln.1999.2261 WALLACH GP, 1988, LANGUAGE INTERVENTIO Wright HH, 2005, APHASIOLOGY, V19, P263, DOI 10.1080/02687030444000732 YORKSTON KM, 1980, J SPEECH HEAR DISORD, V45, P27 NR 34 TC 5 Z9 5 PU PSYCHOLOGY PRESS PI HOVE PA 27 CHURCH RD, HOVE BN3 2FA, EAST SUSSEX, ENGLAND SN 0268-7038 J9 APHASIOLOGY JI Aphasiology PD FEB-APR PY 2006 VL 20 IS 2-4 BP 205 EP 216 DI 10.1080/02687030500473122 PG 12 WC Clinical Neurology SC Neurosciences & Neurology GA 047PA UT WOS:000237890000010 ER PT J AU Lasker, JP Garrett, KL AF Lasker, JP Garrett, KL TI Using the Multimodal Communication Screening Test for Persons with Aphasia (MCST-A) to guide the selection of alternative communication strategies for people with aphasia SO APHASIOLOGY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 35th Annual Clinical Aphasiology Conference CY MAY 31-JUN 04, 2005 CL Sanibel Isl, FL AB Background: People with severe communication problems associated with aphasia and concomitant apraxia of speech are often unable to meet their daily communication needs through speech alone. For these people, augmentative and alternative communication (AAC) strategies may offer opportunities for improved communication effectiveness. However, it can be challenging to determine if individuals can learn to use alternative communication strategies independently or if they will require assistance from conversational partners to participate in meaningful communication interactions. Aims: The authors developed an assessment tool, the Multimodal Communication Screening Task for Persons with Aphasia (MCST-A; Garrett & Lasker, 2005b), to help clinicians differentiate those individuals who would benefit most from partner-dependent communication strategies (e.g., written choice conversation, partner-presented symbol choices, tagged yes/no questions) and those who could learn to use AAC systems (e.g., digitised speech devices that store complete messages; multi-level devices with stored messages and spelling capabilities) to communicate independently. This article describes the tool and its administration protocol. We also compare MCSTA scores to profiles of actual communication strategy use for four individuals across a range of aphasia severity. Methods & Procedures: Four individuals with communication disabilities associated with aphasia were asked to locate pictorial, textual, or graphic symbols from an eight-page stimulus manual to communicate simple needs and complex concepts, complete simple categories, tell and retell stories, or use partial spelling to convey novel information. Accuracy of responses and the amount and type of cueing required to complete each simulated communication task were tallied for each individual. MCST-A test results are discussed in light of each individual's observed pattern of AAC strategy and system use both during and following functional communication treatment. Results: Descriptive analyses of the four cases revealed a correspondence between MCST-A test scores, level of impairment as measured by the Western Aphasia Battery (Kertesz, 1982), and patterns of communication strategy use. The two individuals who received the lowest response accuracy scores and the highest cueing scores on the MCST-A were primarily dependent on partner-supported communication strategies in their daily lives. The two individuals with the lowest cueing scores and highest response accuracy scores had learned to use complex AAC communication devices to communicate independently and generatively in community settings. Conclusions: The hierarchy of scores seen on the MCST-A corresponded with individuals' abilities to communicate using AAC strategies after participating in functional therapy. The MCST-A may guide clinicians in identifying the most appropriate AAC strategies for individuals with aphasia. Further validation is warranted. C1 Florida State Univ, Dept Commun Disorders, Tallahassee, FL 32306 USA. Duquesne Univ, Pittsburgh, PA 15219 USA. RP Lasker, JP (reprint author), Florida State Univ, Dept Commun Disorders, 305 Reg Rehabil Ctr, Tallahassee, FL 32306 USA. EM joanne.lasker@comm.fsu.edu CR BEUKELMAN D, 2005, AAC APHASIA REV VIS DIETZ A, 2005, 2005 AM SPEECH LANG GARRETT K, 1998, AUGMENTATIVE COMMUNI, P465 Garrett K, 1995, CLIN APHASIOLOGY, V23, P203 Garrett KL, 2000, AUG ALTER COMMUN SER, P339 Garrett K. L., 2005, AUGMENTATIVE ALTERNA, P467 GARRETT KL, 2005, MULTIMODAL COMMUNIC GARRY F, 1989, VET CLIN N AM-FOOD A, V5, P55 GOODGLASS H, 1993, UNDERSTANING APHASIA Kertesz A., 1982, W APHASIA BATTERY KRAAT AW, 1990, APHASIOLOGY, V4, P321, DOI 10.1080/02687039008249086 LASKER JP, 2002, PERSPECTICES AUGMENT, V1, P14 Lasker JP, 2001, AUGMENTATIVE ALTERNA, V17, P141, DOI 10.1080/714043378 Lasker JP, 2005, APHASIOLOGY, V19, P399, DOI 10.1080/02687030444000840 MCKELVEY M, 2005, PERFORMANCE PEOPLE C STIERWALT JAG, 2004, 26 WORLD C INT ASS L van de Sandt-Koenderman M, 2004, APHASIOLOGY, V18, P245, DOI 10.1080/02687030344000571 WALLACE GL, 1985, J SPEECH HEAR DISORD, V50, P385 Wood CA, 1998, CLIN GERIATR MED, V14, P267 NR 19 TC 7 Z9 7 PU PSYCHOLOGY PRESS PI HOVE PA 27 CHURCH RD, HOVE BN3 2FA, EAST SUSSEX, ENGLAND SN 0268-7038 J9 APHASIOLOGY JI Aphasiology PD FEB-APR PY 2006 VL 20 IS 2-4 BP 217 EP 232 DI 10.1080/02687030500473411 PG 16 WC Clinical Neurology SC Neurosciences & Neurology GA 047PA UT WOS:000237890000011 ER PT J AU King, KA Hough, MS Vos, P Walker, MM Givens, G AF King, KA Hough, MS Vos, P Walker, MM Givens, G TI Word retrieval following mild TBI: Implications for categorical deficits SO APHASIOLOGY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 35th Annual Clinical Aphasiology Conference CY MAY 31-JUN 04, 2005 CL Sanibel Isl, FL ID TRAUMATIC BRAIN-INJURY; REPRESENTATION; PATIENT; OBJECTS; NOUNS; VERBS AB Background: Theories on the organisation and structure of semantic knowledge of nouns and verbs have been based on findings with aphasic patients with focal lesions. Populations with diffuse lesions, such as mild traumatic brain injury (MTBI), may offer additional information relative to lexical access of nouns and verbs. Aims: The purpose of this study was to investigate possible dissociation between noun and verb retrieval after MTBI using the Test of Adolescent Adult Word Finding (TAWF). Methods & Procedures: Two groups, 10 MTBI and 10 non-brain-damaged (NBD) persons, who had normal vision and hearing, and no history of developmental disabilities, previous head injury, or substance abuse, were participants. Criteria for MTBI included: loss of consciousness < 30 minutes and/or PTA < 24 hours, GCS 13-15, and negative CT scan. The experimental task was the TAWF, focusing on differences in accuracy and response time for noun and verb naming. Outcomes & Results: Paired sample t-tests comparing nouns and verbs on accuracy and response time revealed no significant differences for the MTBI group; for the NBD group, there were significant differences for response time only. One-tailed independent sample t-tests revealed significant group differences for accuracy and response time on combined nouns and only response time for verbs. Paired sample t-tests revealed significant differences for naming living and nonliving items only for the MTBI group. Conclusions: No significant accuracy differences were found for either group between nouns and verbs. However, the NBD group named nouns significantly faster than verbs, whereas the MTBI group showed no significant difference. The MTBI group was significantly slower and less accurate than the NBD group for noun naming but only significantly slower for verbs. The MTBI group exhibited higher accuracy in naming living items as compared to nonliving. Therefore, response times appeared to be more sensitive than accuracy in identifying group differences. C1 E Carolina Univ, Greenville, NC USA. RP King, KA (reprint author), 108 A Sunshine Lane, Winterville, NC 28590 USA. EM kak1002@mail.ecu.edu CR ABVOUD H, 1997, SUPERLAB PRO SAN PED Adamovich B, 1992, SCALES COGNITIVE ABI *ASHA PAN AUD ASS, 1996, ASHA DESK REF, V4, P333 Barrow IM, 2003, J TRAUMA, V54, P888, DOI 10.1097/01.TA.0000057150.60668.7C Barth J. T., 1986, J HEAD TRAUMA REHAB, V1, P63 Bird H, 2001, BRAIN LANG, V76, P213, DOI 10.1006/brln.2000.2432 Bird H, 2000, BRAIN LANG, V72, P246, DOI 10.1006/brln.2000.2292 Caramazza A, 1998, J COGNITIVE NEUROSCI, V10, P1, DOI 10.1162/089892998563752 Colohan A. R. T., 1986, J HEAD TRAUMA REHAB, V1, P13 Dunn L. M., 1998, PEABODY PICTURE VOCA German DJ, 1990, TEST ADOLESCENT ADUL Gomes H, 1997, COGNITIVE BRAIN RES, V6, P121, DOI 10.1016/S0926-6410(97)00023-2 HILLIS AE, 1995, J COGNITIVE NEUROSCI, V7, P396, DOI 10.1162/jocn.1995.7.3.396 JEANETTE B, 1974, LANCET, V1, P81 KING K, 2005, MILD TRAUMATIC BRAIN Laforce R, 2001, PERCEPT MOTOR SKILL, V93, P281, DOI 10.2466/PMS.93.4.281-288 Lu LH, 2002, NEUROPSYCHOLOGIA, V40, P1608, DOI 10.1016/S0028-3932(02)00014-3 Paniak C, 1998, J CLIN EXP NEUROPSYC, V20, P852 RAVEN JC, 1956, STANDARD PROGRESSIVE RUFF RM, 1986, J HEAD TRAUMA REHAB, V1, P43 Shapiro K, 2001, BRAIN LANG, V76, P202, DOI 10.1006/brln.2000.2397 Shelton JR, 1999, PSYCHON B REV, V6, P5, DOI 10.3758/BF03210809 Soros P, 2003, NEUROIMAGE, V19, P1787, DOI 10.1016/S1053-8119(03)00217-9 Tyler LK, 2001, BRAIN, V124, P1619, DOI 10.1093/brain/124.8.1619 Wallesch CW, 2001, BRAIN INJURY, V15, P401, DOI 10.1080/02699050010005959 NR 25 TC 4 Z9 4 PU PSYCHOLOGY PRESS PI HOVE PA 27 CHURCH RD, HOVE BN3 2FA, EAST SUSSEX, ENGLAND SN 0268-7038 J9 APHASIOLOGY JI Aphasiology PD FEB-APR PY 2006 VL 20 IS 2-4 BP 233 EP 245 DI 10.1080/02687030500473155 PG 13 WC Clinical Neurology SC Neurosciences & Neurology GA 047PA UT WOS:000237890000012 ER PT J AU Hillis, AE Heidler-Gary, J Newhart, M Chang, S Ken, L Bak, TH AF Hillis, AE Heidler-Gary, J Newhart, M Chang, S Ken, L Bak, TH TI Naming and comprehension in primary progressive aphasia: The influence of grammatical word class SO APHASIOLOGY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 35th Annual Clinical Aphasiology Conference CY MAY 31-JUN 04, 2005 CL Sanibel Isl, FL ID MOTOR-NEURON DISEASE; FRONTOTEMPORAL DEMENTIA; SPEECH ARTICULATION; SEMANTIC DEMENTIA; VERBS; LANGUAGE; REGIONS; DETERIORATION; DISSOCIATION; PATHOLOGY AB Background: Various clinical types of primary progressive aphasia have been associated with distinct areas of atrophy and pathological changes. Therefore, differences in the patterns of language deterioration in the various types might reveal the types of language processes and representations that depend on the areas of brain that are disproportionately affected. Aims: To test the hypotheses (1) that individuals with progressive nonfluent aphasia (associated with left posterior, inferior frontal, and insular atrophy) show progressive motor speech impairment and disproportionate deterioration in naming actions relative to objects, and (2) that individuals with semantic dementia (associated with anterior and inferior temporal atrophy) show disproportionate deterioration in semantic representations of objects relative to actions. Methods & Procedures: The study population consisted of 56 participants with primary progressive aphasia, including 27 with progressive nonfluent aphasia, 16 with semantic dementia, and 13 with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis-frontotemporal dementia (ALSFTD). Participants were given tests of oral and written naming and tests of picture and word association with object and action stimuli. Differences across tests within each group were evaluated. Associations between motor speech impairment (based on a clinical motor speech examination) and naming impairment in each grammatical word class were evaluated. Outcomes & Results: Participants with progressive nonfluent aphasia and ALS-FTD showed significantly more impairment in naming actions than objects. In contrast, participants with semantic dementia were significantly more impaired in naming objects than actions, and more impaired on semantic tests of objects relative to actions. In all groups, all participants who were more impaired in naming actions also had impaired motor speech (dysarthria and/or apraxia of speech). Conclusions: Distinct patterns of deterioration across grammatical word classes in these clinical subtypes were documented. Together with evidence that these clinical subtypes are associated with different areas of brain atrophy in other studies, our results are consistent with a role of posterior inferior frontal cortex and insula in motor speech and naming actions, as well as the essential role of anterior temporal lobes in semantic representation of objects. C1 Johns Hopkins Univ, Sch Med, Johns Hopkins Hosp, Baltimore, MD 21287 USA. Johns Hopkins Univ, Sch Med, Baltimore, MD USA. MRC, Cognit & Brain Sci Unit, Cambridge, England. Addenbrookes Hosp, Cambridge, England. RP Hillis, AE (reprint author), Johns Hopkins Univ, Sch Med, Johns Hopkins Hosp, Phipps 126,600 N Wolfe St, Baltimore, MD 21287 USA. EM argye@JHMI.edu CR BAK TH, IN PRESS BRAIN Bak TH, 2003, J NEUROLINGUIST, V16, P169, DOI 10.1016/S0911-6044(02)00011-8 Bak TH, 2004, BRAIN LANG, V89, P354, DOI 10.1016/S0093-934X(03)00357-2 Bak TH, 2001, BRAIN, V124, P103, DOI 10.1093/brain/124.1.103 Broca Paul, 1865, B SOC ANTHROPOL PAR, V6, P337 DANIELE A, 1994, NEUROPSYCHOLOGIA, V32, P1325, DOI 10.1016/0028-3932(94)00066-2 Davies RR, 2005, BRAIN, V128, P1984, DOI 10.1093/brain/awh582 Dronkers NF, 1996, NATURE, V384, P159, DOI 10.1038/384159a0 Gorno-Tempini ML, 2004, ANN NEUROL, V55, P335, DOI 10.1002/ana.10825 Gorno-Tempini ML, 2004, NEUROCASE, V10, P426, DOI 10.1080/13554790490894011 Hillis AE, 2002, COGN NEUROPSYCHOL, V19, P523, DOI 10.1080/02643290244000077 Hillis AE, 2004, ANN NEUROL, V55, P268, DOI 10.1002/ana.10812 Hillis AE, 2003, NAT NEUROSCI, V6, P19, DOI 10.1038/nn982 Hillis AE, 2002, J COGNITIVE NEUROSCI, V14, P1099, DOI 10.1162/089892902320474544 Hillis AE, 2004, BRAIN, V127, P1479, DOI 10.1093/brain/awh172 Hodges JR, 2004, ANN NEUROL, V56, P399, DOI 10.1002/ana.20230 HOLLAND AL, 1985, BRAIN LANG, V24, P36, DOI 10.1016/0093-934X(85)90096-3 Howard D., 1992, PYRAMIDS PALM TREES Kemmerer D, 2003, NEUROCASE, V9, P421, DOI 10.1076/neur.9.5.421.16551 Kersaitis C, 2004, ACTA NEUROPATHOL, V108, P515, DOI 10.1007/s00401-004-0917-0 Kertesz A, 2005, BRAIN, V128, P1996, DOI 10.1093/brain/awh598 MESULAM MM, 1982, ANN NEUROL, V11, P592, DOI 10.1002/ana.410110607 Mesulam MM, 2003, ANN NEUROL, V54, pS11, DOI 10.1002/ana.10569 MOHR J. P., 1976, STUDIES NEUROLINGUIS, V1 Neary D, 1998, NEUROLOGY, V51, P1546 Rowland L. P., 1995, MERRITTS TXB NEUROLO, P742 Tranel D, 2001, COGNITIVE NEUROPSYCH, V18, P655, DOI 10.1080/02643290126377 ZINGESER LB, 1988, COGNITIVE NEUROPSYCH, V5, P473, DOI 10.1080/02643298808253270 NR 28 TC 21 Z9 21 PU PSYCHOLOGY PRESS PI HOVE PA 27 CHURCH RD, HOVE BN3 2FA, EAST SUSSEX, ENGLAND SN 0268-7038 J9 APHASIOLOGY JI Aphasiology PD FEB-APR PY 2006 VL 20 IS 2-4 BP 246 EP 256 DI 10.1080/02687030500473262 PG 11 WC Clinical Neurology SC Neurosciences & Neurology GA 047PA UT WOS:000237890000013 ER PT J AU Raymer, AM Kohen, FP Saffell, D AF Raymer, AM Kohen, FP Saffell, D TI Computerised training for impairments of word comprehension and retrieval in aphasia SO APHASIOLOGY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 35th Annual Clinical Aphasiology Conference CY MAY 31-JUN 04, 2005 CL Sanibel Isl, FL ID NAMING DISORDERS; THERAPY AB Background: Semantic comprehension training paired with verbal production leads to improved word retrieval in individuals with aphasia. Few studies have also examined effects of such training for word comprehension. MossTalk Words includes a training module to provide semantic comprehension training via computerised exercises. Variations in the treatment schedule may influence the impact of word retrieval and comprehension treatment gains. Aims: The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of the Multi-Mode Matching Exercises module of MossTalk Words for improving word comprehension and retrieval in individuals with aphasia. Effects of training were contrasted for two treatment schedules. Methods & Procedures: Five individuals with word retrieval impairments associated with aphasia participated. Two had word comprehension difficulties suggesting semantic anomia, and three others with intact comprehension had impairments suggesting phonologic anomia. In a single-participant design, we investigated effects of training provided via computer with MossTalk multi-mode matching exercises (spoken and written word/picture matching) paired with spoken rehearsal. All participated in two phases of training administered 1-2 times/week and 3-4 times/week, with order of phases counterbalanced across participants. Outcomes & Results: Improvements in word/picture yes/no verification for trained and some untrained words associated with large effect sizes (d > 2.5) were evident in one of two participants when trained 1-2 times/week. Increases in picture naming associated with large effect sizes for trained words were noted in 515 participants when trained 4-5 times/week, and in 2/5 participants when trained 1-2 times/week. Increases in picture naming for untrained words were evident in 2/5 participants in the more frequent training schedule. At I month post training, picture naming performance remained above baseline levels, with little difference evident between sets trained with the two different training schedules. Conclusions: Computerised lexical training exercises may lead to increases in word comprehension and production, particularly for the target words trained. More frequent training leads to greater improvements during acquisition than less frequent training, but that advantage diminishes at 1 month post treatment, suggesting that a less frequent training schedule may be just as useful as more frequent training for promoting long-term effects of lexical training. C1 Old Dominion Univ, Norfolk, VA 23529 USA. VA Brain Rehabil Res Ctr, Gainesville, FL USA. Temple Univ, Philadelphia, PA 19122 USA. RP Raymer, AM (reprint author), Old Dominion Univ, 110 Child Study Ctr, Norfolk, VA 23529 USA. EM sraymer@odu.edu CR Bhogal SK, 2003, STROKE, V34, P987, DOI 10.1161/01.STR.0000062343.64383.D0 Busk P. L., 1992, SINGLE CASE RES DESI, P159 Drew RL, 1999, J SPEECH LANG HEAR R, V42, P972 FINK RB, 2001, MOSSTALK WORDS COMPU Fink RB, 2002, APHASIOLOGY, V16, P1061, DOI 10.1080/02687030244000400 Helm-Estabrooks N, 2000, BRAIN LANG, V74, P469 Hinckley JJ, 1998, APHASIOLOGY, V12, P989, DOI 10.1080/02687039808249465 Kaplan E., 2001, BOSTON NAMING TEST Kertesz A., 1982, W APHASIA BATTERY McReynolds L. V., 1983, SINGLE SUBJECT EXPT Nickels L, 1996, APHASIOLOGY, V10, P109, DOI 10.1080/02687039608248401 Nickels L, 2002, APHASIOLOGY, V16, P935, DOI 10.1080/02687030244000563 PETHERAM B, 2004, COMPUTERS APHASIA PRING T, 1990, APHASIOLOGY, V4, P479, DOI 10.1080/02687039008248788 RAYMER AM, 2005, APHASIA RELATED NEUR, P68 Robey RR, 1998, J SPEECH LANG HEAR R, V41, P172 Schmitt RJ, 1996, DISORDERS MOTOR SPEE, P3 WILSHIRE CE, 2000, APHASIA LANGUAGE THE, P82 ZINGESER LB, 1990, BRAIN LANG, V39, P14, DOI 10.1016/0093-934X(90)90002-X NR 19 TC 17 Z9 18 PU PSYCHOLOGY PRESS PI HOVE PA 27 CHURCH RD, HOVE BN3 2FA, EAST SUSSEX, ENGLAND SN 0268-7038 J9 APHASIOLOGY JI Aphasiology PD FEB-APR PY 2006 VL 20 IS 2-4 BP 257 EP 268 DI 10.1080/02687030500473312 PG 12 WC Clinical Neurology SC Neurosciences & Neurology GA 047PA UT WOS:000237890000014 ER PT J AU Cameron, RM Wambaugh, JL Wright, SM Nessler, CL AF Cameron, RM Wambaugh, JL Wright, SM Nessler, CL TI Effects of a combined semantic/phonologic cueing treatment on word retrieval in discourse SO APHASIOLOGY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 35th Annual Clinical Aphasiology Conference CY MAY 31-JUN 04, 2005 CL Sanibel Isl, FL ID SEMANTIC FEATURE ANALYSIS; CONNECTED SPEECH; NAMING DEFICITS; FLUENT APHASIA; THERAPY; CONTEXT AB Background: The application of word-finding treatments for aphasia, as well as the study of their effects, has typically centred on retrieval of single lexical items (Nickels, 2002b). Little is known about the effects of word-finding treatments on lexical retrieval in discourse tasks. Aims: The purpose of this investigation was to study the effects of a combined semantic/phonologic cueing treatment on trained and untrained single words produced in the context of story retells. Generalisation to additional connected speech tasks was also assessed. Methods & Procedures: A well-studied story retell procedure (Doyle et al., 2000) was used to guide selection of items for treatment and for measurement of treatment effects. A semantic/phonologic cueing hierarchy was applied to information units (IUs) that were consistently absent from the story retells produced by five participants with aphasia. Treatment effects on retrieval of targeted IUs and overall IUs were measured using single-subject multiple-baseline designs. Analyses of efficiency and informativeness of additional discourse tasks were performed prior to and following intervention. Outcomes & Results: Four of five participants demonstrated improved retrieval of targeted IUs and negligible generalisation to production of overall IUs for both treated story forms. The remaining participant exhibited minimal improvements in production of both targeted and untrained IUs for both applications of treatment, but was the only individual who increased informativeness of discourse on a post-treatment measure of connected speech. Conclusions: Findings indicated that a combined semantic/phonologic cueing treatment may be effective for increasing production of targeted words at a discourse level for some individuals with aphasia, but the effects may vary across speakers. C1 VA Salt Lake City Healthcare Syst, Salt Lake City, UT 84148 USA. Univ Utah, Salt Lake City, UT USA. RP Cameron, RM (reprint author), VA Salt Lake City Healthcare Syst, 151A Bldg 2,500 Foothill Blvd, Salt Lake City, UT 84148 USA. EM Rosalea.Cameron@med.va.gov CR Boyle M, 2004, AM J SPEECH-LANG PAT, V13, P236, DOI 10.1044/1058-0360(2004/025) Boyle M., 1995, AM J SPEECH-LANG PAT, V4, P94 Boyle M., 2004, DISCOURSE TREATMENT Brookshire R. H., 1997, DISCOURSE COMPREHENS Chapman S B, 1992, Clin Commun Disord, V2, P64 Coelho CA, 2000, APHASIOLOGY, V14, P133 Doyle PJ, 2000, APHASIOLOGY, V14, P537 Drew RL, 1999, J SPEECH LANG HEAR R, V42, P972 German DJ, 1990, TEST ADOLESCENT ADUL Herbert R, 2003, APHASIOLOGY, V17, P1163, DOI 10.1080/02687030344000454 KAY J, 1992, PSYCOLINGUISTIC ASS Kertesz A., 1980, W APHASIA BATTERY Kiran S, 2003, J SPEECH LANG HEAR R, V46, P608, DOI 10.1044/1092-4388(2003/048) Mayer JF, 2003, APHASIOLOGY, V17, P481, DOI 10.1080/02687030344000148 McNeil M. R., 1978, REVISED TOKEN TEST McNeil MR, 2001, APHASIOLOGY, V15, P991 NICHOLAS LE, 1993, J SPEECH HEAR RES, V36, P338 Nickels L, 2002, APHASIOLOGY, V16, P935, DOI 10.1080/02687030244000563 Nickels L, 2002, APHASIOLOGY, V16, P1047, DOI 10.1080/02687040143000618 Pashek GV, 2002, APHASIOLOGY, V16, P261, DOI 10.1080/02687040143000573 PORCH B, 2001, PORCH INDEX COMMUNIC, V1 RAVEN J, 1988, COLOURED PROGRESSIVE Raymer A. M., 2001, LANGUAGE INTERVENTIO, P524 STOKES TF, 1977, J APPL BEHAV ANAL, V10, P349, DOI 10.1901/jaba.1977.10-349 Thompson C. K., 1989, GEN STRATEGIES TREAT, P82 Wambaugh J, 2004, APHASIOLOGY, V18, P979, DOI 10.1080/02687030444000471 Wambaugh JL, 2003, APHASIOLOGY, V17, P433, DOI 10.1080/02687030344000085 Wambaugh JL, 2000, APHASIOLOGY, V14, P603 WILLIAMS SE, 1982, BRAIN LANG, V17, P92, DOI 10.1016/0093-934X(82)90007-4 NR 29 TC 13 Z9 13 PU PSYCHOLOGY PRESS PI HOVE PA 27 CHURCH RD, HOVE BN3 2FA, EAST SUSSEX, ENGLAND SN 0268-7038 J9 APHASIOLOGY JI Aphasiology PD FEB-APR PY 2006 VL 20 IS 2-4 BP 269 EP 285 DI 10.1080/02687030500473387 PG 17 WC Clinical Neurology SC Neurosciences & Neurology GA 047PA UT WOS:000237890000015 ER PT J AU Rodriguez, AD Raymer, AM Rothi, LJG AF Rodriguez, AD Raymer, AM Rothi, LJG TI Effects of gesture plus verbal and semantic-phonologic treatments for verb retrieval in aphasia SO APHASIOLOGY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 35th Annual Clinical Aphasiology Conference CY MAY 31-JUN 04, 2005 CL Sanibel Isl, FL ID NOUNS; ANOMIA AB Background. Reports have indicated that gesture+verbal treatments and semantic-phonologic treatments are effective for improving lexical retrieval in aphasia. Most studies focus on noun production, with verb production less commonly reported. Because of links between verbs and gesture knowledge, verbs may be particularly amenable to gesture+verbal training. Aims: The purpose of this investigation was to study the effects of gesture+verbal and semantic-phonologic treatments on verb retrieval in patients with chronic aphasia. Methods & Procedures: We report treatment results for four individuals, three men and one woman, with aphasia and verb retrieval impairments subsequent to left hemisphere stroke more than 8 months earlier. Word retrieval impairment was semantically based in one participant, phonologically based in another, and mixed semantic+phonologic in two others. In a single-participant experimental treatment design, we investigated the effects of gesture+verbal treatment and semantic-phonologic treatment for verb retrieval in two 10-session training phases. The effects of treatment were evaluated in a verb picture-naming task in which spoken naming and gestured responses were coded. Outcomes & Results: Spoken naming improvements associated with large effect sizes were noted in one participant during both the semantic-phonologic training and gesture+verbal training. Gesture production improved in two other participants with severe anomia during gesture+verbal training. No improvements were evident in untrained words during either training phase. Conclusions: Gesture+verbal training and semantic-phonologic training led to similar patterns of treatment results for verb spoken naming. The individual with phonologically based anomia responded better in treatment than the other three whose naming impairments were associated with semantic dysfunction. The item-specific improvement in spoken naming for trained verbs only suggests that both treatments may affect individual lexical representations engaged during word retrieval. Gesture+verbal treatment may encourage use of a viable means of gestural communication for those who do not improve verbal production, even in the presence of severe limb apraxia. C1 Old Dominion Univ, Ctr Child Study 110, Norfolk, VA 23529 USA. VA Brain Rehabil Res Ctr, Gainesville, FL USA. Univ Florida, Gainesville, FL USA. RP Raymer, AM (reprint author), Old Dominion Univ, Ctr Child Study 110, Norfolk, VA 23529 USA. EM sraymer@odu.edu RI Rodriguez, Amy/F-8332-2011 CR Busk P. L., 1992, SINGLE CASE RES DESI, P159 DAMASIO AR, 1993, P NATL ACAD SCI USA, V90, P4957, DOI 10.1073/pnas.90.11.4957 Drew RL, 1999, J SPEECH LANG HEAR R, V42, P972 Druks J, 2002, J NEUROLINGUIST, V15, P289, DOI 10.1016/S0911-6044(01)00029-X Kaplan E., 2001, BOSTON NAMING TEST Kertesz A., 1982, W APHASIA BATTERY KIM M, 2005, 35 ANN CLIN APH C MITCHUM CC, 2001, ASHA DIVISION 2 NEUR, V11, P4 Nickels L, 1996, APHASIOLOGY, V10, P109, DOI 10.1080/02687039608248401 OBLER LK, 1986, UNPUB ACTION NAMING Pashek GV, 1997, J COMMUN DISORD, V30, P349, DOI 10.1016/S0021-9924(96)00079-2 PRING T, 1990, APHASIOLOGY, V4, P479, DOI 10.1080/02687039008248788 Ralph MAL, 2002, APHASIOLOGY, V16, P56, DOI 10.1080/02687040143000448 Raymer A. M., 2001, LANGUAGE INTERVENTIO, P524 Raymer AM, 2002, APHASIOLOGY, V16, P1031, DOI 10.1080/026870401430000609 RAYMER AM, 2005, APHASIA RELATED NEUR, P68 RAYMER AM, 2001, J INT NEUROPSYCH SOC, V7, P248 RAYMER AM, 2004, ASHA LEADER, V9, P120 RAYMER AM, 1991, CLIN APHASIOLOGY, V20, P285 Rose M, 2002, APHASIOLOGY, V16, P1001, DOI 10.1080/02687030143000825 Rose M, 2001, APHASIOLOGY, V15, P977 Rothi L. J. G., 1997, APRAXIA NEUROPSYCHOL, P61 ROTHI LJG, 1995, COMPENSATING PSYCHOL, P219 Shapiro KA, 2005, NEUROIMAGE, V24, P1058, DOI 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2004.10.015 ZINGESER LB, 1990, BRAIN LANG, V39, P14, DOI 10.1016/0093-934X(90)90002-X NR 25 TC 34 Z9 35 PU PSYCHOLOGY PRESS PI HOVE PA 27 CHURCH RD, HOVE BN3 2FA, EAST SUSSEX, ENGLAND SN 0268-7038 J9 APHASIOLOGY JI Aphasiology PD FEB-APR PY 2006 VL 20 IS 2-4 BP 286 EP 297 DI 10.1080/02687030500474898 PG 12 WC Clinical Neurology SC Neurosciences & Neurology GA 047PA UT WOS:000237890000016 ER PT J AU Bastiaanse, R Hurkmans, J Links, P AF Bastiaanse, R Hurkmans, J Links, P TI The training of verb production in Broca's aphasia: A multiple-baseline across-behaviours study SO APHASIOLOGY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 35th Annual Clinical Aphasiology Conference CY MAY 31-JUN 04, 2005 CL Sanibel Isl, FL ID AGRAMMATIC APHASIA; ARGUMENT STRUCTURE; SYNTACTIC COMPLEXITY; TREATMENT EFFICACY; RETRIEVAL; DEFICITS; ORDER AB Background: Verb production is often impaired in Broca's aphasia: Action naming is more affected than object naming and in spontaneous speech the number and/or diversity of lexical verbs is low. Because verbs play a pivotal role in the sentence, these verb problems have a serious impact on the communicative contents of speech in daily life. Aims: The purpose of this study was to increase the informational content of spontaneous speech in two individuals with Broca's aphasia by training them in verb production. Methods & Procedures: Verb production was trained at the sentence level, using the treatment programme Verb Production at the Word and Sentence Level (Bastiaanse, Jonkers, Quak, & Varela, 1997). Six baseline sessions were planned, followed by a training programme to learn infinitives, finite verbs, and sentence construction in one participant and finite verbs, infinitives, and sentences in the other. The participants were tested each week for progress on infinitives and finite verbs not in the programme and an unrelated test. Pre-treatment and post-treatment (directly after and 3 months after treatment stopped) the Aachen Aphasia Test (AAT) and the Amsterdam-Nijmegen Everyday Language Test (ANELT) were administered and spontaneous speech was elicited and analysed with respect to verbs, nouns, and utterance length. Outcomes & Results: Both participants improved significantly on the production of untrained finite verbs. No improvement was made on the untrained infinitives. There was also significant improvement on related subtests of the AAT, but no improvement on unrelated subtests. Both also showed a significant improvement on verb production in spontaneous speech and in verbal communication, as measured on the ANELT. Conclusions. The treatment programme has been shown to be an effective tool for training participants in verb production. The most important criteria for relevant treatment were met: generalisation to spontaneous speech and improvement in verbal communication. C1 Univ Groningen, Dept Linguist, NL-9700 AS Groningen, Netherlands. Rehabil Ctr Revalidatie Friesland, Beetsterzwaag, Netherlands. Univ Groningen, Med Ctr, Ctr Rehabil Beatrixoord, Haren, Netherlands. RP Bastiaanse, R (reprint author), Univ Groningen, Dept Linguist, POB 716, NL-9700 AS Groningen, Netherlands. EM y.r.m.bastiaanse@rug.nl CR Bastiaanse R, 2004, BRAIN LANG, V90, P198, DOI 10.1016/S0093-934X(03)00432-2 Bastiaanse R., 1995, PALPA NEDERLANDSE VE Bastiaanse R, 1998, APHASIOLOGY, V12, P951, DOI 10.1080/02687039808249463 Bastiaanse R, 2002, BRAIN LANG, V80, P142, DOI 10.1006/brln.2001.2585 BASTIAANSE R, 1997, VERB PRODUCTION WORD Bastiaanse R, 2004, BRAIN LANG, V89, P91, DOI 10.1016/S0093-934X(03)00306-7 BLOMERT L, 1994, APHASIOLOGY, V8, P381, DOI 10.1080/02687039408248666 Fucetola R, 2005, APHASIOLOGY, V19, P411, DOI 10.1080/02687030444000859 Graetz P., 1992, AKENSE AFASIE TEST Kiran S, 2003, J SPEECH LANG HEAR R, V46, P608, DOI 10.1044/1092-4388(2003/048) Lee M, 2004, J NEUROLINGUIST, V17, P315, DOI 10.1016/S0911-6044(03)00062-9 LEVELT WJM, 1989, SPEAKING INTENSION A Linebaugh CW, 1998, APHASIOLOGY, V12, P519, DOI 10.1080/02687039808249555 Maas E., 2002, APHASIOLOGY, V6, P609, DOI 10.1080/02687030244000266 McNeil MR, 1998, APHASIOLOGY, V12, P575, DOI 10.1080/02687039808249559 Miller N, 2000, APHASIOLOGY, V14, P683 Murray L, 2004, APHASIOLOGY, V18, P785, DOI 10.1080/02687030444000273 Peach RK, 2004, APHASIOLOGY, V18, P429, DOI 10.1080/02687030444000147 Raymer AM, 2002, APHASIOLOGY, V16, P1031, DOI 10.1080/026870401430000609 Rodriguez AD, 2006, APHASIOLOGY, V20, P286, DOI 10.1080/02687030500474898 SAFFRAN EM, 1989, BRAIN LANG, V37, P440, DOI 10.1016/0093-934X(89)90030-8 Thompson CK, 1998, J INT NEUROPSYCH SOC, V4, P661 Thompson CK, 2003, J SPEECH LANG HEAR R, V46, P591, DOI 10.1044/1092-4388(2003/047) Thompson CK, 2003, J NEUROLINGUIST, V16, P151, DOI 10.1016/S0911-6044(02)00014-3 Thompson CK, 1995, CLIN APHASIOL, V23, P121 Wambaugh JL, 2002, J REHABIL RES DEV, V39, P455 Webster J, 2005, APHASIOLOGY, V19, P748, DOI 10.1080/02687030500166957 NR 27 TC 22 Z9 22 PU PSYCHOLOGY PRESS PI HOVE PA 27 CHURCH RD, HOVE BN3 2FA, EAST SUSSEX, ENGLAND SN 0268-7038 J9 APHASIOLOGY JI Aphasiology PD FEB-APR PY 2006 VL 20 IS 2-4 BP 298 EP 311 DI 10.1080/02687030500474922 PG 14 WC Clinical Neurology SC Neurosciences & Neurology GA 047PA UT WOS:000237890000017 ER PT J AU Hengst, JA AF Hengst, JA TI "That mea :: n dog": Linguistic mischief and verbal play as a communicative resource in aphasia SO APHASIOLOGY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 35th Annual Clinical Aphasiology Conference CY MAY 31-JUN 04, 2005 CL Sanibel Isl, FL ID INDIVIDUALS; PARTNERS AB Background. Linguists, sociolinguists, and anthropologists point to verbal play (e.g., rhyming, punning, teasing) as a pervasive communicative practice that crosses contexts, serves developmental and interpersonal functions, and foregrounds participants' metacommunicative awareness, as utterances must be framed as playful. Researchers investigating the communicative practices of persons with aphasia have yet to explore the presence and functions of verbal play. Aims: This study (1) presents a system for descriptively coding interactional forms, resources, and functions of verbal play; (2) documents verbal play in interactions of individuals with aphasia and partners; and (3) offers a close discourse analysis of a series of playful episodes. Methods and Procedures: Derived from a broader ethnographic study of individuals with aphasia and their routine partners, this exploratory study analysed 13 hours of videotape data obtained in four sessions with each of four pairs (an individual with aphasia and a partner) playing a game-like barrier task. A grounded theory approach was used to develop descriptive codes, and those codes were used to support situated discourse analysis of playful episodes. Outcomes and Results: With 1005 playful episodes identified, verbal play was a pervasive practice for these pairs. Playful episodes were diverse in form and function, and their production was dynamic as participants drew on the evolving interactions, recycled playful themes, shifted in and out of playful frames, and managed multiple functions simultaneously. Conclusions: This analysis of the pervasive character of verbal play and the ongoing management of multiple frames highlights the complexity, heterogeneity, and distributed nature of situated communication. From a sociogenetic perspective, such rich, complex interactions could be a key ground for reorganisation of communicative practices and resources after aphasia, a theoretical and practical possibility of great interest to clinicians and researchers alike. C1 Univ Illinois, Dept Speech & Hearing Sci, Champaign, IL 61821 USA. RP Hengst, JA (reprint author), Univ Illinois, Dept Speech & Hearing Sci, 901 S 6th St MC-482, Champaign, IL 61821 USA. EM hengst@uiuc.edu CR Basso Keith H., 1979, PORTRAITS WHITEMAN L Bateson G, 1972, STEPS ECOLOGY MIND Clark Herbert H., 1992, ARENAS LANGUAGE USE CRSYTAL D, 1998, LANGUAGE PLAY DUFF M, 2005, CLIN APH C DURANTI Alessandro, 1992, RETHINKING CONTEXT L Goffman E, 1974, FRAME ANAL ESSAY ORG Goncu A., 1999, CHILDRENS ENGAGEMENT Goodglass H, 1983, ASSESSMENT APHASIA R, V2nd GOODWIN C., 2000, LANGUAGE GESTURE, P84, DOI 10.1017/CBO9780511620850.006 Hanks W., 1990, REFERENTIAL PRACTICE Hengst JA, 2005, J SPEECH LANG HEAR R, V48, P137, DOI 10.1044/1092-43888(2005/011) Hengst JA, 2003, J SPEECH LANG HEAR R, V46, P831, DOI 10.1044/1092-4388(2003/065) Howe TJ, 2004, APHASIOLOGY, V18, P1015, DOI 10.1080/02687030444000499 Irvine J. T., 1996, NATURAL HIST DISCOUR, P131 Kovarsky D, 1999, CONSTRUCTING (IN) COMPETENCE, P291 Miller Peggy, 1986, LANGUAGE SOCIALIZATI, P199 Oelschlaeger ML, 1998, APHASIOLOGY, V12, P971, DOI 10.1080/02687039808249464 Perkins L., 2003, CONVERSATION BRAIN D, P147 SCHIEFFELIN B, 1998, LANGUAGE SOCIALISATI, P165 Shadden BB, 2005, APHASIOLOGY, V19, P211, DOI 10.1080/02687930444000697 SHERZER J, 2002, SPEECH PLAY VERBAL A Simmons-Mackie N, 1999, CONSTRUCTING (IN) COMPETENCE, P313 Simmons-Mackie N, 2004, CHALLENGING APHASIA THERAPIES: BROADENING THE DISCOURSE AND EXTENDING THE BOUNDARIES, P101, DOI 10.4324/9780203462706_chapter_6 STAEHLE CA, 1993, FRAMING DISCOURSE, P210 Strauss AL, 1987, QUALITATIVE ANAL SOC Wertsch J. V., 1991, VOICES MIND SOCIOCUL NR 27 TC 9 Z9 9 PU PSYCHOLOGY PRESS PI HOVE PA 27 CHURCH RD, HOVE BN3 2FA, EAST SUSSEX, ENGLAND SN 0268-7038 J9 APHASIOLOGY JI Aphasiology PD FEB-APR PY 2006 VL 20 IS 2-4 BP 312 EP 326 DI 10.1080/02687030500475010 PG 15 WC Clinical Neurology SC Neurosciences & Neurology GA 047PA UT WOS:000237890000018 ER PT J AU Croteau, C Le Dorze, G AF Croteau, Claire Le Dorze, Guylaine TI Overprotection, "speaking for", and conversational participation: A study of couples with aphasia SO APHASIOLOGY LA English DT Article CT 35th Annual Clinical Aphasiology Conference CY MAY 31-JUN 04, 2005 CL Sanibel Isl, FL ID STROKE PATIENTS; SPOUSES; RELATIVES; MEMBERS; FAMILY AB Background: Spouses play a major role in adaptation following the onset of their partner's aphasia. Sometimes, overprotection can occur in the relationship and this may be a disadvantage in adapting to aphasia. Overprotection from spouses can manifest itself in conversation when the spouse "speaks for" the person with aphasia and this could affect his or her participation in conversation. Aim: The aim of the present research was to study the phenomenon of overprotection, "speaking for" behaviours in conversation as well as the person with aphasia's participation in conversation. Methods & Procedures: A total of 18 couples, each including one person with aphasia, participated in this study. The perceptions of overprotection by persons with aphasia and their spouses were measured with the Overprotection Scale for Adults (Thompson & Sobolew-Shubin, 1993) and the Questionnaire oil Resources and Stress for Families with Chronically III or Handicapped Members (Holroyd, 1987). The participants were also videotaped in an interview situation where they answered questions on a systematic turn-by-turn basis. "Speaking for" behaviours, defined as the conversational turns in which the non-aphasic spouse expressed an opinion or added information when the person with aphasia was clearly talking with the interviewer, were measured. Participation was measured by tabulating the number of contributive turns produced by the person with aphasia and the spouse in the nine turns following the "speaking for" behaviour. Participation of the aphasic person was considered "minor" if the number of those turns was fewer than those produced by the Spouse. Outcomes & Results: Results showed that overprotection reported by spouses was positively associated with "speaking for" behaviours produced by Spouses. "Speaking for" behaviours were positively related to minor participation in conversation. Aphasia severity and motor disability were also associated to minor participation of persons with aphasia in conversation. Conclusions: More research on overprotection and its effects on conversation is needed to further Our understanding about the links between communication and psychosocial aspects of aphasia. In rehabilitation, attention should be given to overprotection and "speaking for" behaviours on the part of the spouse. In fact, the person with aphasia and the rehabilitation team's efforts to improve language and communication could be labour in vain if overprotection and "speaking for" behaviours on the part of the spouse develop and persist. C1 Univ Montreal, Ecole Orthophon & Audiol, Montreal, PQ H3C 3J7, Canada. RP Croteau, C (reprint author), Univ Montreal, Ecole Orthophon & Audiol, CP 6128,Succursale, Montreal, PQ H3C 3J7, Canada. EM claire.croteau@umontreal.ca RI Le Dorze, Guylaine/A-1790-2014 CR Croteau C, 1999, DISABIL REHABIL, V21, P432 Croteau C, 2004, APHASIOLOGY, V18, P291, DOI 10.1080/02687030344000616 Denman A, 1998, DISABIL REHABIL, V20, P411 Goodglass H, 1983, ASSESSMENT APHASIA R, V2nd HARRIS BA, 1986, TOP GERIATR REHABIL, V1, P31 Holroyd J., 1987, QUESTIONNAIRE RESOUR HOLROYD J, 1988, J CLIN PSYCHOL, V44, P335, DOI 10.1002/1097-4679(198805)44:3<335::AID-JCLP2270440306>3.0.CO;2-T KINSELLA GJ, 1980, SCAND J REHABIL MED, V12, P73 LEDORZE G, 1995, APHASIOLOGY, V9, P239 MACWHINNEY B, 1988, MANUAL USE CHAT TRAN MALONE RL, 1970, BRIT J DISORDERS COM, V59, P174 MANZO JF, 1995, SOCIOL HEALTH ILL, V17, P307, DOI 10.1111/1467-9566.ep10933323 MULHALL DJ, 1978, BRIT J DISORD COMMUN, V13, P127 NESPOULOUS LJ, 1986, PROTOCOLE MONTREAL T Oelschlaeger ML, 2000, J COMMUN DISORD, V33, P205, DOI 10.1016/S0021-9924(00)00019-8 Oelschlaeger ML, 1998, CLIN LINGUIST PHONET, V12, P459, DOI 10.3109/02699209808985238 PARKER G, 1979, BRIT J MED PSYCHOL, V52, P1 Parsons T, 1952, J SOC ISSUES, V8, P31 RAU M T, 1988, Seminars in Speech and Language, V9, P167, DOI 10.1055/s-0028-1082462 THOMPSON SC, 1992, CLAR SYMP, P115 THOMPSON SC, 1993, BASIC APPL SOC PSYCH, V14, P363, DOI 10.1207/s15324834basp1403_8 Thompson SC, 2002, PSYCHOL HEALTH, V17, P297, DOI 10.1080/08870440290029557 WEBSTER EJ, 1982, CLIN APH C P MIN, P64 Zhao XQ, 2003, J COMMUN, V53, P347, DOI 10.1111/j.1460-2466.2003.tb02595.x NR 24 TC 19 Z9 19 PU PSYCHOLOGY PRESS PI HOVE PA 27 CHURCH RD, HOVE BN3 2FA, EAST SUSSEX, ENGLAND SN 0268-7038 J9 APHASIOLOGY JI Aphasiology PD FEB-APR PY 2006 VL 20 IS 2-4 BP 327 EP 336 DI 10.1080/02687030500475051 PG 10 WC Clinical Neurology SC Neurosciences & Neurology GA 047PA UT WOS:000237890000019 ER PT J AU Purdy, M Koch, A AF Purdy, M Koch, A TI Prediction of strategy usage by adults with aphasia SO APHASIOLOGY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 35th Annual Clinical Aphasiology Conference CY MAY 31-JUN 04, 2005 CL Sanibel Isl, FL ID COMMUNICATION; SCHIZOPHRENIA; ACQUISITION; PEOPLE AB Background: Management of aphasia often focuses on training augmentative communication strategies such as communication books, computerised systems, gestures, writing, or drawing. Although many individuals are able to acquire a targeted skill in a structured format, many do not successfully use the trained skill in more functional situations. Training alternative communication strategies can be a time-consuming project; thus, it would be beneficial if speech-language pathologists could predict, a priori, how a patient may respond to this type of treatment approach. It has been hypothesised that use of augmentative communication strategies requires executive functioning, specifically cognitive flexibility, which may be impaired following brain damage. Therefore, assessment of cognitive flexibility may help clinicians determine which persons with aphasia would most likely benefit from training of augmentative communication strategies. Aims: The purpose of this study was to develop a measure of cognitive flexibility and to determine whether this measure predicted strategy usage during a functional communication task. Methods and Procedures: A novel scoring system for the Communicative Abilities in Daily Living (CADL) was developed to capture the degree of participants' cognitive flexibility. This score was correlated with the Wisconsin Card Sorting Test (WCST), to determine the validity of the scoring system. The CADL cognitive flexibility score was then correlated with performance on a referential communication task. A multiple regression analysis was conducted with severity of aphasia as an additional predictor variable. Outcomes and Results: There was a significant correlation between the cognitive flexibility score from the CADL and the WCST, confirming the validity of the scoring system as a measure of cognitive flexibility. Results of the regression analysis demonstrated a significant relationship between the cognitive flexibility score and strategy usage on a functional communication task. This relationship remained significant when the overall severity of aphasia was added to the regression analysis, suggesting that cognitive flexibility is a stronger predictor of strategy usage than severity of aphasia. These results may provide clinicians insight into which individuals would benefit most from the training of compensatory strategies, leading to the development of more appropriate goals and treatment methods. C1 So Connecticut State Univ, Dept Commun Disorders, New Haven, CT 06515 USA. RP Purdy, M (reprint author), So Connecticut State Univ, Dept Commun Disorders, 501 Crescent St, New Haven, CT 06515 USA. EM purdym1@southernct.edu CR Ballard KJ, 1999, J SPEECH LANG HEAR R, V42, P690 BELLAIRE K, 1991, CLIN APHASIOLOGY, P219 CHAPEY R, 1977, J SPEECH HEAR DISORD, V42, P287 COELHO CA, 1990, J COMMUN DISORD, V23, P383, DOI 10.1016/0021-9924(90)90026-U DELAHUNTY A, 1993, PSYCHOL MED, V23, P221 Dirette D, 2002, BRAIN INJURY, V16, P861, DOI 10.1080/02699050210131902 Dirette DK, 1999, J HEAD TRAUMA REHAB, V14, P595 Garrett KL, 2000, AUG ALTER COMMUN SER, P339 Garrett K. L., 1992, AUGMENTATIVE COMMUNI, P245 GARRY F, 1989, VET CLIN N AM-FOOD A, V5, P55 GLOSSER G, 1990, J CLIN EXP NEUROPSYC, V12, P485, DOI 10.1080/01688639008400995 Goodglass H, 1983, ASSESSMENT APHASIA R, V2nd GRANT DA, 1948, J EXP PSYCHOL, V38, P404, DOI 10.1037/h0059831 Heaton RK, 1981, WISCONSIN CARD SORTI Helm-Estrabrook N., 2000, SEMINARS SPEECH LANG, V21, P91 HOLLAND A, 1999, COMMUNICATIVE ABILIT Holland A., 1980, COMMUNICATIVE ABILIT KRATT AW, 1990, APHASIOLOGY, V4, P321 LEZAK MD, 1995, NEUROPSYCHOLOGICAL A Porch B. E., 1981, PORCH INDEX COMMUNIC Purdy M., 2002, APHASIOLOGY, V16, P549, DOI 10.1080/02687030244000176 PURDY MH, 1994, CLIN APHASIOL, V22, P345 Ramsberger G., 2000, SEMINARS SPEECH LANG, V21, P93 Rende Barbara, 2000, Seminars in Speech and Language, V21, P121, DOI 10.1055/s-2000-7560 Robson J, 1998, INT J LANG COMM DIS, V33, P305, DOI 10.1080/136828298247767 Rostron A, 1996, EUR J DISORDER COMM, V31, P11 Walker JP, 2002, BRAIN INJURY, V16, P611, DOI 10.1080/02699050110119790 WILSON RS, 1978, J CONSULT CLIN PSYCH, V46, P1554, DOI 10.1037//0022-006X.46.6.1554 Wykes T, 1999, SCHIZOPHRENIA BULL, V25, P291 YANAK K, 1991, NATL STUDENT SPEECH, V19, P27 Yoshihata H, 1998, APHASIOLOGY, V12, P1035, DOI 10.1080/02687039808249468 NR 31 TC 16 Z9 16 PU PSYCHOLOGY PRESS PI HOVE PA 27 CHURCH RD, HOVE BN3 2FA, EAST SUSSEX, ENGLAND SN 0268-7038 J9 APHASIOLOGY JI Aphasiology PD FEB-APR PY 2006 VL 20 IS 2-4 BP 337 EP 348 DI 10.1080/02687030500475085 PG 12 WC Clinical Neurology SC Neurosciences & Neurology GA 047PA UT WOS:000237890000020 ER PT J AU Doyle, PJ Matthews, C Mikolic, JM Hula, W McNeil, MR AF Doyle, PJ Matthews, C Mikolic, JM Hula, W McNeil, MR TI Do measures of language impairment predict patient-reported communication difficulty and distress as measured by the Burden of Stroke Scale (BOSS)? SO APHASIOLOGY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 35th Annual Clinical Aphasiology Conference CY MAY 31-JUN 04, 2005 CL Sanibel Isl, FL ID SOCIAL SUPPORT; PSYCHOLOGICAL DISTRESS; FUNCTIONAL STATUS; MENTAL-HEALTH; LIFE; OUTCOMES; SURVIVORS; THERAPY; IMPACT; CANCER AB Background: Patient-reported measures of Communication difficulty and communication-related distress may be used to obtain efficient and valid indices of the functional consequences of aphasia and its treatment on the daily lives of many community-dwelling stroke survivors. However, they have not been employed to evaluate treatment outcomes or to examine hypotheses specifying their relationship to commonly employed measures of speech and language impairment in persons with aphasia. Aims: This study examined whether the Shortened Porch Index of Communicative Abilities. (SPICA) (Disimoni, Keith, & Darley, 1980), 55-item Revised Token Test (55-item RTT) (Arvedson, McNeil, & West, 1986), and BDAE Severity Rating Scale (Good-lass, Kaplan, & Barressi, 2001) scores obtained at 3 months post-onset (MPO) predicted patient-reported communication difficulty and distress as measured by the Burden of Stroke Scale (BOSS) (Doyle et al., 2004) at 12 MPO. Methods & Procedures: A sample of 37 adults with mild to moderate aphasia (M SPICA %ile = 70.4) were identified from a larger sample (n = 178) of community-dwelling stroke survivors who participated in a longitudinal investigation designed to examine the psychometric properties of the BOSS. Speech and language data obtained from the sub-sample of participants with aphasia were retrospectively examined in two sequential regression models in which the 3-MPO test scores served as the predictor variables of interest, and 12-MPO BOSS Communication Difficulty and Communication Distress Scores served as dependent variables. Results: Among the speech and language measures examined, only 3-month BDAE Severity Ratings contributed significantly to the prediction of 12-month patient-reported communication difficulty and distress as measured by the BOSS. Conclusions: The findings suggest that performance-based measures of speech and language impairment such as the SPICA and 55-item RTT may not accurately predict the day-to-day communication difficulty and distress experienced by community-dwelling stroke survivors with mild to moderate aphasia. Replication of these findings in a prospectively designed study employing a larger more representative sample, and more comprehensive assessment instruments is needed to substantiate the relationship between performance-based measures of language impairment and patient-reported communication difficulty and distress in adults with aphasia. C1 VA Pittsburgh Healthcare Syst, Pittsburgh, PA 15206 USA. Univ Pittsburgh, Med Ctr, Pittsburgh, PA 15260 USA. RP Doyle, PJ (reprint author), VA Pittsburgh Healthcare Syst, 7180 Highland Dr,132A-H, Pittsburgh, PA 15206 USA. EM patrick.doyle@med.va.gov CR Agewall S, 1998, STROKE, V29, P2329 Aneshensel C.S., 1984, RES COMMUNITY MENTAL, V4, P35 ANGELERI F, 1993, STROKE, V24, P1478 ARVEDSON JC, 1986, CLIN APHASIOLOGY, V16, P57 Blazer D, 1991, J GERONTOL, V46, P210 BLAZER DG, 2005, AM J PSYCHIAT, V137, P439 BOMBARDIER C, 1986, AM J MED, V81, P565, DOI 10.1016/0002-9343(86)90539-5 Burke W J, 1991, J Geriatr Psychiatry Neurol, V4, P173, DOI 10.1177/089198879100400310 CLEARY PD, 1991, MED CARE, V29, P939, DOI 10.1097/00005650-199110000-00001 COATES A, 1992, J CLIN ONCOL, V10, P1833 CONNELLY JE, 1989, MED CARE, V27, P99 CROOG SH, 1986, NEW ENGL J MED, V314, P1657, DOI 10.1056/NEJM198606263142602 DAUT RL, 1983, PAIN, V17, P197, DOI 10.1016/0304-3959(83)90143-4 Diener E, 1999, PSYCHOL BULL, V125, P276, DOI 10.1037/0033-2909.125.2.276 DISIMONI FG, 1980, J SPEECH HEAR RES, V23, P511 DOYLE PJ, 2005, UNPUB BURDEN STROKE Doyle PJ, 2004, J CLIN EPIDEMIOL, V57, P997, DOI 10.1016/j.jclinepi.2003.11.016 Doyle PJ, 2003, APHASIOLOGY, V17, P291, DOI 10.1080/02687030244000680 DOYLE PJ, IN PRESS J SPEECH LA Duncan P. W., 1999, STROKE IMPACT SCALE Duncan PW, 2003, NEUROLOGY, V60, P291 Enderby P. M., 1987, FRENCHAY APHASIA SCR Frattali C, 1995, AM SPEECH LANGUAGE H FRATTALI CM, 1998, MEASURING OUTCOMES S, P55 Friedman LC, 2005, QUAL LIFE RES, V14, P1925, DOI 10.1007/s11136-005-4326-1 Goodglass H., 2001, ASSESSMENT APHASIA R, V3rd Hilari K, 2003, STROKE, V34, P1944, DOI 10.1161/01.STR.0000081987.46660.ED Holland A. L., 1999, COMMUNICATION ACTIVI JOHNSON TP, 1991, J HEALTH SOC BEHAV, V32, P408, DOI 10.2307/2137107 KAPLAN G, 1988, J GERONTOL, V43, pS114 Kertesz A., 1982, W APHASIA BATTERY Likert R., 1932, ARCH PSYCHOL, V140, P5 LYNN MW, 1980, J CLIN PSYCHOL, V36, P675 MATT GE, 1993, J HEALTH SOC BEHAV, V34, P187, DOI 10.2307/2137201 McDowell I, 1987, MEASURING HLTH GUIDE McNeil M. R., 1978, REVISED TOKEN TEST MOSSEY JM, 1982, AM J PUBLIC HEALTH, V72, P800, DOI 10.2105/AJPH.72.8.800 Newsom JT, 1996, PSYCHOL AGING, V11, P34, DOI 10.1037/0882-7974.11.1.34 PATRICK D., 2003, QUAL LIFE NEWSLETTER, V31, P1 Porch B. E., 1981, PORCH INDEX COMMUNIC SHERBOURNE CD, 1991, SOC SCI MED, V32, P705, DOI 10.1016/0277-9536(91)90150-B Stewart AL, 1992, MEASURING FUNCTIONIN STEWART AL, 1989, JAMA-J AM MED ASSOC, V262, P907, DOI 10.1001/jama.262.7.907 TURNER RJ, 1981, J HEALTH SOC BEHAV, V22, P357, DOI 10.2307/2136677 Vidrine DJ, 2005, QUAL LIFE RES, V14, P923, DOI 10.1007/s11136-004-2148-1 WEISSMAN MM, 1981, ARCH GEN PSYCHIAT, V38, P1250 WELLS KB, 1986, MED CARE, V24, P75, DOI 10.1097/00005650-198601000-00008 Williams LS, 1999, STROKE, V30, P1362 Willke RJ, 2004, CONTROL CLIN TRIALS, V25, P535, DOI 10.1016/j.cct.2004.09.003 WILSON IB, 1995, JAMA-J AM MED ASSOC, V273, P59, DOI 10.1001/jama.273.1.59 World Health Organization, 2001, ICF INT CLASS FUNCT YELLEN S, 1998, J PAIN SYMPTOM MANAG, V13, P63 NR 52 TC 4 Z9 4 PU PSYCHOLOGY PRESS PI HOVE PA 27 CHURCH RD, HOVE BN3 2FA, EAST SUSSEX, ENGLAND SN 0268-7038 J9 APHASIOLOGY JI Aphasiology PD FEB-APR PY 2006 VL 20 IS 2-4 BP 349 EP 361 DI 10.1080/02687030500475135 PG 13 WC Clinical Neurology SC Neurosciences & Neurology GA 047PA UT WOS:000237890000021 ER PT J AU Donovan, NJ Rosenbek, JC Ketterson, TU Velozo, CA AF Donovan, NJ Rosenbek, JC Ketterson, TU Velozo, CA TI Adding meaning to measurement: Initial rasch analysis of the ASHA FACS social communication subtest SO APHASIOLOGY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 35th Annual Clinical Aphasiology Conference CY MAY 31-JUN 04, 2005 CL Sanibel Isl, FL ID QUALITY-OF-LIFE AB Background: The American Speech-Language-Hearing Association Functional Assessment of Communication Skills (ASHA FACS) has established validity and reliability for individuals with aphasia. However, subtest scores are summed and averaged across subtests, making it difficult to describe individuals' communication behaviours. Item-response theory provides a methodology to assess the measurement properties of established assessments by transforming ordinal data into interval data, calibrated for both person ability measures and item difficulty on the same linear scale. The result is that behaviours can be ordered and described in ways that are more informative and useful than reporting raw scores. Aims: The study aimed to use Rasch analysis to determine the psychometric properties of the ASHA FACS Social Communication Subtest (SCS) and to demonstrate how the Key form (a visual representation of the measure that results from the Rasch analysis) could add meaning to scoring and tracking progress. Methods & Procedures: A total of 130 caregivers (76% female, 24% male) rated the performance of individuals with aphasia on the ASHA FACS SCS (21 items rated on a 7-unit scale). Participants' ages ranged from 31 to 88 years (M=60.5, SD=12.4). Rasch analysis was done by WINSTEP computer software. Results: The ASHA FACS SCS demonstrated good measurement characteristics with two exceptions. First, three of seven units of the rating scale were used with such low probability that they were not useful to the measure. The data were re-analysed using the four-unit scale. The new rating scale covered the full range of sample abilities (2.94 statistically distinct levels). Second, the principal components analysis (an analysis of unidimensionality) found negative factor-item loading of easier items ("understanding") and positive factor-item loading of harder items ("conversing"), indicating that the scale contained two constructs rather than one. Fit statistics showed all 21 items within the established criteria (.6 < Mean Square < 1.4 ZStd < 2.0). The person separation reliability (analogous to Cronbach's alpha) was high at .90. The Key form linked the measure of item difficulty (logits) and rating scale with the item hierarchy. Conclusions: Through Rasch analysis of the ASHA FACS SCS we demonstrated that: caregivers were reliable respondents (adding another use for the scale); the rating scale could be simplified; and the Key form could be used to demonstrate treatment progress. Future investigation could include: (1) analysis of the measurement properties of all subtests based on a large sample of caregivers; (2) item development for two constructs of social communication (e.g., understanding and conversing); and (3) test-retest reliability of respondents. C1 Univ Florida, VA RR&D Rehabil Outcomes Res Ctr, Gainesville, FL 32608 USA. RP Donovan, NJ (reprint author), Univ Florida, VA RR&D Rehabil Outcomes Res Ctr, 1601 SW Archer Rd 151B, Gainesville, FL 32608 USA. EM ndonovan@phhp.ufl.edu CR Bond T. G., 2001, APPLYING RASCH MODEL COSTER WJ, 2004, MED CARE, V42 Frattali C, 1995, AM SPEECH LANGUAGE H HALEY SM, 1994, ARCH PHYS MED REHAB, V74, P566 Kertesz A., 1982, W APHASIA BATTERY WARE JE, 1995, MED CARE, V33, pAS264 Linacre John M, 2002, J Appl Meas, V3, P85 LINACRE JM, 1991, WINSTEPS MINISTEP RA Sneeuw KCA, 2002, J CLIN EPIDEMIOL, V55, P1130, DOI 10.1016/S0895-4356(02)00479-1 Sneeuw KCA, 1997, STROKE, V28, P1541 VELOZO CA, 1995, ARCH PHYS MED REHAB, V76, P705, DOI 10.1016/S0003-9993(95)80523-0 White LJ, 2002, ARCH PHYS MED REHAB, V83, P822, DOI 10.1053/apmr.2002.32685 Wilkinson L, 1999, AM PSYCHOL, V54, P594, DOI 10.1037//0003-066X.54.8.594 Wright B. D., 1996, RASCH MEASUREMENT T, V10, P509 Wright B. D., 1994, RASCH MEASUREMENT T, V8, P370 Wright B. D., 1979, BEST TEST DESIGN Wright B.D., 1997, PHYS MED REHABIL STA, V11, P261 Wright B. D., 2003, RASCH MEASUREMENT T, V17, P912 WRIGHT BD, 1989, ARCH PHYS MED REHAB, V70, P857 NR 19 TC 9 Z9 9 PU PSYCHOLOGY PRESS PI HOVE PA 27 CHURCH RD, HOVE BN3 2FA, EAST SUSSEX, ENGLAND SN 0268-7038 J9 APHASIOLOGY JI Aphasiology PD FEB-APR PY 2006 VL 20 IS 2-4 BP 362 EP 373 DI 10.1080/02687030500475184 PG 12 WC Clinical Neurology SC Neurosciences & Neurology GA 047PA UT WOS:000237890000022 ER PT J AU Stanczak, L Waters, G Caplan, D AF Stanczak, L Waters, G Caplan, D TI Typicality-based learning and generalisation in aphasia: Two case studies of anomia treatment SO APHASIOLOGY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 35th Annual Clinical Aphasiology Conference CY MAY 31-JUN 04, 2005 CL Sanibel Isl, FL ID AGRAMMATIC APHASIA; PREFRONTAL CORTEX; LEXICAL DECISION; FRONTAL LESIONS; REHABILITATION; GENERATION; COMPLEXITY; MODELS AB Background: Simulation models (Plant, 1996) and anomia treatment (Kiran & Thompson, 2003b) have found that training with atypical items resulted in greater generalisation than training with typical items. The Complexity Account of Treatment Efficacy (CATE) predicts that therapy will produce greater generalisation when more complex items are trained (Thompson, Shapiro, Kiran, & Sobeck, 2003). Furthermore, learning and generalisation may be maximised when semantic training is directed towards semantic deficits (Plant, 1996). Aims: The clinical application of Plant's model and the CATE was investigated in typicality-based learning and generalisation, following anomia treatment in one participant with mainly phonological deficits and one participant with both phonological and semantic deficits. Methods & Procedures: Participants were trained with a semantic treatment to name typical items in one semantic category and atypical items of a different semantic category. Typicality-based learning and generalisation were compared. Outcomes & Results: The participant with primarily phonological deficits learned typical items faster than atypical items, and showed no generalisation to untrained items. The participant with phonological and semantic deficits learned both typical and atypical items, and showed significant generalisation to untrained typical items and marginally significant generalisation to untrained atypical items. Conclusions: Our results suggest that typical items may be easier to learn than atypical items when the semantic system is intact; however, typical items may be more difficult to learn with impairments in semantic knowledge and/or semantic selection, as these items have highly similar semantic features. Additionally, correspondence between the deficit and treatment may enhance learning and generalisation, as semantic treatment resulted in greater learning and generalisation for the participant with semantic deficits. Finally, family resemblance within semantic categories may produce generalisation to typical or atypical category members, but training with atypical members may produce more global changes within the semantic network, leading to greater generalisation. C1 Boston Univ, Dept Speech Language & Hearing Sci, Boston, MA 02215 USA. Massachusetts Gen Hosp, Boston, MA 02114 USA. RP Stanczak, L (reprint author), Boston Univ, Dept Speech Language & Hearing Sci, 635 Commonwealth Ave, Boston, MA 02215 USA. EM louises@bu.edu CR Best W, 2000, NEUROPSYCHOL REHABIL, V10, P231 BLUMSTEIN SE, 1982, BRAIN LANG, V17, P301, DOI 10.1016/0093-934X(82)90023-2 Caplan D., 1993, AM J SPEECH-LANG PAT, V2, P59 COHEN J, 1993, BEHAV RES METH INSTR, V25, P257, DOI 10.3758/BF03204507 Frances N., 1982, FREQUENCY ANAL ENGLI Galizio M, 2004, J EXP ANAL BEHAV, V82, P253, DOI 10.1901/jeab.2004.82-253 Gierut JA, 2001, LANG SPEECH HEAR SER, V32, P229, DOI 10.1044/0161-1461(2001/021) Hagoort P, 1997, BRAIN LANG, V56, P287, DOI 10.1006/brln.1997.1849 HILLIS AE, 1993, APHASIOLOGY, V7, P5, DOI 10.1080/02687039308249497 Howard D., 1992, PYRAMIDS PALM TREES Kaplan E., 1983, BOSTON NAMING TEST Kay J., 1992, PSYCHOLINGUISTICS AS Kertesz A., 1982, W APHASIA BATTERY Kiran S, 2003, J SPEECH LANG HEAR R, V46, P773, DOI 10.1044/1092-4388(2003/061) Kiran S, 2003, BRAIN LANG, V85, P441, DOI 10.1016/S0093-934X(03)00064-6 Maas E., 2002, APHASIOLOGY, V6, P609, DOI 10.1080/02687030244000266 Meints K, 1999, DEV PSYCHOL, V35, P1072, DOI 10.1037/0012-1649.35.4.1072 Metzler C, 2001, NEUROPSYCHOLOGY, V15, P315, DOI 10.1037//0894-4105.15.3.315 MILBERG W, 1981, BRAIN LANG, V14, P371, DOI 10.1016/0093-934X(81)90086-9 Plaut DC, 1996, BRAIN LANG, V52, P25, DOI 10.1006/brln.1996.0004 ROSCH E, 1975, COGNITIVE PSYCHOL, V7, P573, DOI 10.1016/0010-0285(75)90024-9 ROSCH E, 1976, J EXP PSYCHOL HUMAN, V2, P491, DOI 10.1037/0096-1523.2.4.491 Schmidt SR, 1996, MEM COGNITION, V24, P595, DOI 10.3758/BF03201086 Thompson CK, 1997, J SPEECH LANG HEAR R, V40, P228 Thompson CK, 2003, J SPEECH LANG HEAR R, V46, P591, DOI 10.1044/1092-4388(2003/047) Thompson-Schill SL, 1999, NEURON, V23, P513, DOI 10.1016/S0896-6273(00)80804-1 Thompson-Schill SL, 1998, P NATL ACAD SCI USA, V95, P15855, DOI 10.1073/pnas.95.26.15855 Thompson-Schill SL, 1997, P NATL ACAD SCI USA, V94, P14792, DOI 10.1073/pnas.94.26.14792 NR 28 TC 8 Z9 8 PU PSYCHOLOGY PRESS PI HOVE PA 27 CHURCH RD, HOVE BN3 2FA, EAST SUSSEX, ENGLAND SN 0268-7038 J9 APHASIOLOGY JI Aphasiology PD FEB-APR PY 2006 VL 20 IS 2-4 BP 374 EP 383 DI 10.1080/02687030600587631 PG 10 WC Clinical Neurology SC Neurosciences & Neurology GA 047PA UT WOS:000237890000023 ER PT J AU Jonkers, R Bastiaanse, R AF Jonkers, R Bastiaanse, R TI The influence of instrumentality and name-relation to a noun on verb comprehension in Dutch aphasic speakers SO APHASIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID SENTENCE PRODUCTION; LEXICAL ACCESS; RETRIEVAL; PATTERNS; IMPAIRMENT; MODELS AB Background: Different studies have examined the effect of verb type on comprehension, generally in non-fluent aphasic speakers. The current study includes the data of fluent aphasic speakers as well and considers the effect of conceptual and phonological factors on verb comprehension. Aims: The role of the factors instrumentality and name-relation to a noun were studied. Both factors take the relation between nouns and verbs into account. Instrumentality concerns the conceptual relation between verbs and nouns, whereas name-relation expresses the phonological relation between these two. Methods & Procedures: A total of 13 non-fluent aphasic speakers and 11 fluent aphasic speakers performed a word-to-picture matching task. This task consists of 60 items: 20 target verbs are non-instrumental, 40 verbs are instrumental. instrumental verbs are defined as verbs referring to actions for which an instrument is required in order to perform the action. Within the group of instrumental verbs, 20 are name-related to the corresponding instrument, whereas for the other 20 verbs no such relation exists. Results on the test were analysed both quantitatively and qualitatively. Outcomes & Results: Both factors were of influence on the verb comprehension scores, but in different ways in the two subject groups. Instrumentality played a role for the non-fluent aphasic speakers: they were significantly better at comprehending non-name-related instrumental verbs as compared to the other types of verbs. Name-relation to a noun had a negative effect on the scores of the fluent aphasic speakers: they had a significantly lower score on name-related instrumental verbs, than on non-name-related instrumental verbs. Conclusions: The factors instrumentality and name-relation to a noun influenced verb comprehension, but not in the same way in both types of aphasic speakers. It is discussed that this is due to different underlying disorders that lead to verb comprehension problems. C1 Univ Groningen, Dept Linguist, NL-9700 AS Groningen, Netherlands. RP Jonkers, R (reprint author), Univ Groningen, Dept Linguist, POB 716, NL-9700 AS Groningen, Netherlands. EM rjonkers@rug.nl CR Berndt RS, 1997, BRAIN LANG, V56, P68 Breedin SD, 1996, COGNITIVE NEUROPSYCH, V13, P51, DOI 10.1080/026432996382060 BURNAGE G, 1990, GUIDE USERS DELL GS, 1986, PSYCHOL REV, V93, P283, DOI 10.1037//0033-295X.93.3.283 Dell GS, 1997, PSYCHOL REV, V104, P801, DOI 10.1037/0033-295X.104.4.801 Ferretti TR, 2001, J MEM LANG, V44, P516, DOI 10.1006/jmla.2000.2728 Foygel D, 2000, J MEM LANG, V43, P182, DOI 10.1006/jmla.2000.2716 Graetz P., 1992, AKENSE AFASIE TEST JONES EV, 1984, ADV NEUROPSYCHOLOGY, V42 JONKERS R, 1998, THESIS GRODIL, P25 JONKERS R, 2005, UNPUB ACTION NAMING Kemmerer D, 2000, BRAIN LANG, V73, P347, DOI 10.1006/brln.2000.2311 Kim M, 2000, BRAIN LANG, V74, P1, DOI 10.1006/brin.2000.2315 Luria A. R., 1966, HIGHER CORTICAL FUNC Marshall J, 1998, BRAIN LANG, V63, P159, DOI 10.1006/brln.1998.1949 Martin N, 2002, APHASIOLOGY, V16, P107, DOI 10.1080/02687040143000447 MCCARTHY R, 1985, NEUROPSYCHOLOGIA, V23, P709, DOI 10.1016/0028-3932(85)90079-X MCCLELLAND JL, 1986, COGNITIVE PSYCHOL, V18, P1, DOI 10.1016/0010-0285(86)90015-0 MICELI G, 1988, APHASIOLOGY, V2, P351, DOI 10.1080/02687038808248937 NR 19 TC 5 Z9 5 PU PSYCHOLOGY PRESS PI HOVE PA 27 CHURCH RD, HOVE BN3 2FA, EAST SUSSEX, ENGLAND SN 0268-7038 J9 APHASIOLOGY JI Aphasiology PD JAN PY 2006 VL 20 IS 1 BP 3 EP 16 DI 10.1080/02687030500188440 PG 14 WC Clinical Neurology SC Neurosciences & Neurology GA 011SU UT WOS:000235289200001 ER PT J AU Hilari, K Northcott, S AF Hilari, K Northcott, S TI Social support in people with chronic aphasia SO APHASIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID QUALITY-OF-LIFE; STROKE PATIENTS; FOLLOW-UP; CONVERSATION PARTNERS; INTERNATIONAL SURVEY; MORTALITY; HEALTH; RECOVERY; NETWORK; ADULTS AB Background & Aims: Stroke and aphasia can have a profound impact on people's social activities, and family and social relationships. This study looked at patterns of social support in people with chronic aphasia following stroke. It examined the relationship between social support and quality of life, exploring which aspects of social support (social network versus perceived social support) were most associated with health-related quality of life (HRQL). Methods & Procedures: A cross-sectional interview-based survey study was conducted. A cluster-sampling framework was used to recruit participants with chronic aphasia following stroke (> 1 year) from three different sites in the south-east of England. Measures included the Stroke and Aphasia Quality of Life Scale-39 item version (SAQOL-39), the MOS Social Support Survey (SSS), and a social network questionnaire. Descriptive statistics, correlation, t-tests, and ANOVAs were used as appropriate. Outcomes & Results: The results of those able to self-report (83 out of 95 participants, 87%) are reported here. In terms of social networks, the mode of the size of network was 4. Size of network was associated with HRQL for women only. Most participants (71%) reported they had the same amount of contact with their children following the stroke, while 64% reported they saw their friends less. Those who had the same level of contact with their family as before the stroke had the highest HRQL scores; those who saw them either less or more than before the stroke had lower HRQL. In terms of perceived social supports the SSS scores were negatively skewed with a mean (SD) of 3.69 (.95), suggesting that participants felt overall well supported. Two types of support were significantly correlated with HRQL: social companionship and informational support. Clinical implications: Therapy services for people with aphasia could consider ways to enhance social companionship and informational support as this may positively impact on HRQL. Implications could include complementing and supporting existing social networks, and facilitating access to information and social participation. C1 City Univ London, Dept Language & Commun Sci, London EC1V 0HB, England. RP Northcott, S (reprint author), City Univ London, Dept Language & Commun Sci, NOrthampton Sq, London EC1V 0HB, England. CR ANESHENSEL CS, 1982, J COMMUNITY PSYCHOL, V10, P363, DOI 10.1002/1520-6629(198210)10:4<363::AID-JCOP2290100407>3.0.CO;2-8 ANTONUCCI TC, 1987, SEX ROLES, V17, P737, DOI 10.1007/BF00287685 ASTROM M, 1992, CEREBROVASC DIS, V2, P28, DOI 10.1159/000108984 ASTROM M, 1992, STROKE, V23, P527 BELANGER L, 1988, INT J REHABIL RES, V11, P251 BERKMAN LF, 1979, AM J EPIDEMIOL, V109, P186 BERZON R, 1993, QUAL LIFE RES, V2, P367, DOI 10.1007/BF00422214 Billings A. G., 1982, HEALTH PSYCHOL, V1, P99, DOI 10.1037/0278-6133.1.2.99 BLAZER DG, 1982, AM J EPIDEMIOL, V115, P684 Bowling A, 1997, MEASURING HLTH REV Q BROADHEAD WE, 1983, AM J EPIDEMIOL, V117, P521 BULLINGER M, 1993, QUAL LIFE RES, V2, P451, DOI 10.1007/BF00422219 Clarke PJ, 1999, DISABIL REHABIL, V21, P116, DOI 10.1080/096382899297855 Code C, 2003, NEUROPSYCHOL REHABIL, V13, P379, DOI 10.1080/09602010244000255 Code C, 2001, INT J LANG COMM DIS, V36, P1 COHEN S, 1985, PSYCHOL BULL, V98, P310, DOI 10.1037//0033-2909.98.2.310 Cruice M, 2003, APHASIOLOGY, V17, P333, DOI 10.1080/02687030244000707 *DEP HLTH, 1998, HLTH SURV ENGL CARD Department of Health, 2001, GOOD PRACT CONS IMPL Dowswell G, 2000, J CLIN NURS, V9, P507, DOI 10.1046/j.1365-2702.2000.00411.x Due P, 1999, SOC SCI MED, V48, P661, DOI 10.1016/S0277-9536(98)00381-5 DURKHEIM E, 1879, SUICIDE STUDY SOCIOL Elman RJ, 1999, J SPEECH LANG HEAR R, V42, P411 Elman RJ, 2000, APHASIOLOGY, V14, P455 Elman RJ, 1998, APHASIOLOGY, V12, P227, DOI 10.1080/02687039808249450 Enderby P. M., 1987, FRENCHAY APHASIA SCR FRIEDLAND J, 1987, ARCH PHYS MED REHAB, V68, P475 FRIEDLAND JF, 1992, ARCH PHYS MED REHAB, V73, P573 GLASS TA, 1992, SOC SCI MED, V34, P1249, DOI 10.1016/0277-9536(92)90317-J Hilari K, 2003, STROKE, V34, P1944, DOI 10.1161/01.STR.0000081987.46660.ED Hilari K, 2003, APHASIOLOGY, V17, P365, DOI 10.1080/02687030244000725 Hilari K, 2001, INT J LANG COMM DIS, V36, P86 Hopper T, 2002, APHASIOLOGY, V16, P745, DOI 10.1080/02687030244000059 HOUSE JS, 1982, AM J EPIDEMIOL, V116, P123 Kagan A, 2001, J SPEECH LANG HEAR R, V44, P624, DOI 10.1044/1092-4388(2001/051) Kagan A, 1998, APHASIOLOGY, V12, P816, DOI 10.1080/02687039808249575 Knapp P, 1998, PSYCHOL HEALTH MED, V3, P275, DOI 10.1080/13548509808400602 LABI MLC, 1980, ARCH PHYS MED REHAB, V61, P561 LIN N, 1981, SCHIZOPHRENIA BULL, V7, P73 Lock S, 2001, INT J LANG COMM DIS, V36, P25 Lyon JG, 1997, APHASIOLOGY, V11, P693, DOI 10.1080/02687039708249416 MCCOLL MA, 1989, OCCUPATIONAL THERAPY, V9, P219 Nagurney AJ, 2004, PSYCHOL AGING, V19, P215, DOI 10.1037/0882-7974.19.1.215 NORRIS VK, 1990, GERONTOLOGIST, V30, P535 OREILLY P, 1988, SOC SCI MED, V26, P863, DOI 10.1016/0277-9536(88)90179-7 OLSEN O, 1993, J EPIDEMIOL COMMUN H, V47, P176, DOI 10.1136/jech.47.3.176 ORTHGOMER K, 1987, J CHRON DIS, V40, P949, DOI 10.1016/0021-9681(87)90145-7 OSBERG JS, 1988, AM J PHYS MED REHAB, V67, P94, DOI 10.1097/00002060-198806000-00002 Parr S., 1997, TALKING APHASIA POUND C, 2000, APHASIA THERAPIES LI ROBERTSO.EK, 1968, J PSYCHOSOM RES, V12, P189, DOI 10.1016/0022-3999(68)90045-7 Robinson R G, 1999, Int Psychogeriatr, V11, P375, DOI 10.1017/S1041610299005992 ROSE D., 1997, CONSTRUCTING CLASSES RUBERMAN W, 1984, NEW ENGL J MED, V311, P552, DOI 10.1056/NEJM198408303110902 Sarno MT, 1997, APHASIOLOGY, V11, P665, DOI 10.1080/02687039708249414 SCHULZ R, 1985, SOCIAL SUPPORT HLTH SEEMAN TE, 1988, SOC SCI MED, V26, P737, DOI 10.1016/0277-9536(88)90065-2 SHERBOURNE CD, 1991, SOC SCI MED, V32, P705, DOI 10.1016/0277-9536(91)90150-B Simmons-Mackie N, 2002, APHASIOLOGY, V16, P837, DOI 10.1080/02687030244000185 Simmons-Mackie N, 1998, APHASIOLOGY, V12, P231, DOI 10.1080/02687039808249451 STANSFIELD S, 2000, SOCIAL DETERMINANTS Stewart JA, 1999, BRIT MED J, V318, P967 Symister P, 2003, HEALTH PSYCHOL, V22, P123, DOI 10.1037/0278-6133.22.2.123 Tsouna-Hadjis E, 2000, ARCH PHYS MED REHAB, V81, P881, DOI 10.1053/apmr.2000.4435 TURNER RJ, 1981, J HEALTH SOC BEHAV, V22, P357, DOI 10.2307/2136677 VOGT TM, 1992, J CLIN EPIDEMIOL, V45, P659, DOI 10.1016/0895-4356(92)90138-D WADE DT, 1994, HLTH CARE NEEDS ASSE, V1 Wahrborg P, 1997, APHASIOLOGY, V11, P709, DOI 10.1080/02687039708249417 WAXLERMORRISON N, 1991, SOC SCI MED, V33, P177, DOI 10.1016/0277-9536(91)90178-F Wenger GC, 1994, SUPPORT NETWORKS OLD Wyller TB, 1998, STROKE, V29, P363 ZEMVA N, 2004, 11 INT APH REH C MIL NR 72 TC 40 Z9 41 PU PSYCHOLOGY PRESS PI HOVE PA 27 CHURCH RD, HOVE BN3 2FA, EAST SUSSEX, ENGLAND SN 0268-7038 J9 APHASIOLOGY JI Aphasiology PD JAN PY 2006 VL 20 IS 1 BP 17 EP 36 DI 10.1080/02687030500279982 PG 20 WC Clinical Neurology SC Neurosciences & Neurology GA 011SU UT WOS:000235289200002 ER PT J AU Ablinger, I Weniger, D Willmes, K AF Ablinger, I Weniger, D Willmes, K TI Treating number transcoding difficulties in a chronic aphasic patient SO APHASIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID WRITING ARABIC NUMERALS; REHABILITATION; DYSCALCULIA; ERRORS AB Background: Number transcoding comprises the ability to read and write Arabic numerals and number words. Although number transcoding and counting are frequently impaired in aphasic patients, little attention has been given to the development of specific treatment methods and the evaluation of their efficiency. We report the treatment of the chronic aphasic patient PK who had severe difficulties in reading Arabic numerals. Number words could only be produced with an automatic counting strategy, always beginning with one. Aims: The therapy study was aimed at examining whether PK's numeral transcoding abilities could be improved by an intensive remediation programme that comprised tasks in which Arabic numerals had to be transcoded into number words. Methods & Procedures: Treatment consisted of specific training blocks of gradually increasing complexity. Therapy started with reading one-digit Arabic numerals, followed by teens, decades, and two- to five-digit numerals, which were divided into different subgroups according to complexity. Outcomes & Results: After an 8-week therapy period significant improvement in the processing of one- to five-digit numbers was observed. PK was able to read 49.4% of the Arabic numerals as compared to 2.2% before treatment. Performance was influenced significantly by number length and number word structure. Transcoding abilities improved remarkably for two- and three-digit numbers containing a zero or ending with two zeros. Stability of the treatment effects was assessed in a follow-up study 6 months after termination of the treatment programme. PK was still able to read 48.3% of the Arabic numerals successfully. Conclusions: In a single-case study of patient PK, suffering from chronic severe aphasia that was also characterised by severe transcoding and calculation impairments it could be demonstrated that these transcoding problems could be remedied to a substantial degree when employing a carefully graded intensive retraining programme for Arabic number naming. C1 Univ Aachen, Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Dept Neurol, Sect Neurolinguist, D-52074 Aachen, Germany. Univ Zurich Hosp, CH-8091 Zurich, Switzerland. RP Ablinger, I (reprint author), Univ Aachen, Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Dept Neurol, Sect Neurolinguist, Pauwelsstr 30, D-52074 Aachen, Germany. EM iablinger@ukaachen.de CR BLANKEN G, 1996, AUDITIVES VISUELLES Blanken GDR, 1999, WORTPRODUKTIONSPRUFU CIPOLOTTI L, 1994, NEUROPSYCHOLOGIA, V32, P503, DOI 10.1016/0028-3932(94)90094-9 CIPOLOTTI L, 1995, J EXP PSYCHOL GEN, V124, P375, DOI 10.1037/0096-3445.124.4.375 Claros Salinas D, 1994, EC 301 R UNTERSUCHUN COHEN L, 1994, BRAIN, V117, P267, DOI 10.1093/brain/117.2.267 De Bleser B., 2004, LEMO LEXIKON MODELLO DEHAENE S, 1992, COGNITION, V44, P1, DOI 10.1016/0010-0277(92)90049-N Dehaene S, 2003, COGN NEUROPSYCHOL, V20, P487, DOI 10.1080/02643290244000239 Delazer M, 1998, BRAIN LANG, V64, P257, DOI 10.1006/brln.1998.1971 Delazer M, 1997, NEUROCASE, V3, P461 Delazer M, 2001, APHASIOLOGY, V15, P649, DOI 10.1080/02687040143000104 DELOCHE G, 1984, BRAIN LANG, V21, P59, DOI 10.1016/0093-934X(84)90036-1 DELOCHE G, 1992, NEUROPSYCHOL REHABIL, V2, P257, DOI 10.1080/09602019208401413 Deloche G., 1989, COGNITIVE APPROACH N DELOCHE G, 1989, PROTOCOLE DEPISTAGES DeLongis A., 1982, HEALTH PSYCHOL, V1, P119, DOI 10.1037/0278-6133.1.2.119 Domahs F, 2004, NEUROPSYCHOL REHABIL, V14, P303, DOI 10.1080/09602010343000246 Girelli L, 1996, CORTEX, V32, P49 Girelli L, 2001, APHASIOLOGY, V15, P695, DOI 10.1080/02687040143000131 Grana A, 2003, NEUROCASE, V9, P308, DOI 10.1076/neur.9.4.308.15547 Guyard H, 1997, NEUROPSYCHOL REHABIL, V7, P419, DOI 10.1080/713755545 Huber W., 1983, AACHENER APHASIE TES JACQUEMIN A, 1991, REEDUCATION NEUROPSY KIMURA D, 1963, ARCH NEUROL-CHICAGO, V8, P264 MACARUSO P, 1992, COGNITIVE NEUROPSYCH, P405 MCCLOSKEY M, 1991, BRAIN COGNITION, V17, P285, DOI 10.1016/0278-2626(91)90078-M NOEL MP, 1995, BRAIN COGNITION, V29, P151, DOI 10.1006/brcg.1995.1274 NUERK HC, 2003, MED MENTALITAT PROIOS H, 2002, NEUROPSYCHOLOGIA, V40, P768 SCHELLIG D, 1997, BLOCK TAPPING TEST M Sturm W, 1999, VERBALER NONVERBALER Sullivan KS, 1996, NEUROPSYCHOL REHABIL, V6, P27, DOI 10.1080/713755495 TRYON WW, 1982, J APPL BEHAV ANAL, V15, P423, DOI 10.1901/jaba.1982.15-423 NR 34 TC 3 Z9 3 PU PSYCHOLOGY PRESS PI HOVE PA 27 CHURCH RD, HOVE BN3 2FA, EAST SUSSEX, ENGLAND SN 0268-7038 J9 APHASIOLOGY JI Aphasiology PD JAN PY 2006 VL 20 IS 1 BP 37 EP 58 DI 10.1080/02687030500298719 PG 22 WC Clinical Neurology SC Neurosciences & Neurology GA 011SU UT WOS:000235289200003 ER PT J AU Davis, CH Harrington, G Baynes, K AF Davis, CH Harrington, G Baynes, K TI Intensive semantic intervention in fluent aphasia: A pilot study with fMRI SO APHASIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID FUNCTIONAL MRI; LEXICAL ACCESS; WORD RETRIEVAL; QUANTITATIVE-ANALYSIS; PREFRONTAL CORTEX; NAMING DISORDERS; HUMAN BRAIN; LANGUAGE; RECOVERY; ACTIVATION AB Background: This pilot study presents a method of rehabilitation based on the assumption that there is a widely distributed neural network that supports semantic processing and that can be used to improve word retrieval without explicit naming. it employs functional imaging to help understand the neural basis of response to treatment. Aims: There are both behavioural and neural questions. First, this study investigates whether intensive therapy designed to reduce production errors by eliminating oral responses can yield improved naming of trained items. Second, it investigates whether changes in naming will be associated with changes in fMRI activation and whether the changes in activation pattern associated with recovery are primarily in the right hemisphere (RH) or in perilesional tissue. Methods & Procedures: Four weeks of intensive semantic therapy designed to activate the semantic network and minimise errors was administered to AT, all individual with Wernicke's aphasia. Pre- and post-therapy behavioural testing included standard tests of aphasia, naming of pictures from training sets, and a narrative speech sample. Functional imaging of experimental and control tasks was completed pre- and post-therapy. Outcomes & Results: After 4 weeks of training, AT demonstrated improved naming and showed increased use of nouns in narrative speech. FMRI demonstrated increased activation of the left inferior frontal cortex during verb generation as well as increased inferior posterior temporal RH activation. Conclusions: These results support the effectiveness of intensive intervention methods that require semantic judgements rather than naming and the use of fMRI to understand the neural basis of the response. C1 Univ Calif Davis, Ctr Neurosci, Davis, CA 95616 USA. RP Baynes, K (reprint author), Univ Calif Davis, Ctr Neurosci, 1544 Newton Court, Davis, CA 95616 USA. EM kbaynes@ucdavis.edu CR Abel S, 2004, BRAIN LANG, V91, P152, DOI 10.1016/j.bandl.2004.06.079 Adcock JE, 2003, NEUROIMAGE, V18, P423, DOI 10.1016/S1053-8119(02)00013-7 Annett M., 2002, HANDEDNESS BRAIN ASY Ansaldo AN, 2002, BRAIN LANG, V82, P206, DOI 10.1016/S0093-934X(02)00017-2 BADDELEY A, 1994, NEUROPSYCHOLOGIA, V32, P53, DOI 10.1016/0028-3932(94)90068-X Basso A, 2001, APHASIOLOGY, V15, P307, DOI 10.1080/02687040042000304 BAYNES K, 1995, BRAIN LANG, V51, P26 BAYNES K, IN PRESS LINGUISTIC BAYNES K, 1988, LANGUAGE COMMUNICATI Belin P, 1996, NEUROLOGY, V47, P1504 Berndt R. S., 2000, QUANTITATIVE PRODUCT Bhatnagar SC, 2003, BRAIN LANG, V87, P13, DOI 10.1016/S0093-934X(03)00173-1 Bhogal SK, 2003, STROKE, V34, P987, DOI 10.1161/01.STR.0000062343.64383.D0 Bird H, 1996, J NEUROLINGUIST, V9, P187, DOI 10.1016/0911-6044(96)00006-1 Buonocore MH, 1997, MAGNET RESON MED, V38, P89, DOI 10.1002/mrm.1910380114 CARAMAZZA A, 1993, NEUROPSYCHOL REHABIL, V3, P217, DOI 10.1080/09602019308401437 Coelho CA, 2000, APHASIOLOGY, V14, P133 Cox RW, 1996, COMPUT BIOMED RES, V29, P162, DOI 10.1006/cbmr.1996.0014 Cox RW, 1999, MAGNET RESON MED, V42, P1014, DOI 10.1002/(SICI)1522-2594(199912)42:6<1014::AID-MRM4>3.0.CO;2-F Crinion JT, 2003, BRAIN, V126, P1193, DOI 10.1093/brain/awg104 DELL GS, 1992, COGNITION, V42, P287, DOI 10.1016/0010-0277(92)90046-K Dell GS, 1997, PSYCHOL REV, V104, P801, DOI 10.1037/0033-295X.104.4.801 Drew RL, 1999, J SPEECH LANG HEAR R, V42, P972 Dronkers NF, 1999, BRAIN LANG, V69, P450 DUKETTE D, 1998, J INT NEUROPSYCH SOC, V4, P68 FERNANDEZ B, 2003, STROKE, V5, P5 Fillingham JK, 2003, NEUROPSYCHOL REHABIL, V13, P337, DOI 10.1080/09602010343000020 FORMAN SD, 1995, MAGNET RESON MED, V33, P636, DOI 10.1002/mrm.1910330508 Francis WN, 1982, FREQUENCY ANAL ENGLI Garrett Merrill, 1995, P881 GARRETT MF, 1988, LINGUISTICS CAMBRIDG Gold BT, 2002, NEURON, V35, P803, DOI 10.1016/S0896-6273(02)00800-0 Herholz K, 1996, NEUROIMAGE, V3, P185, DOI 10.1006/nimg.1996.0020 Hillis AE, 1998, J INT NEUROPSYCH SOC, V4, P648, DOI 10.1017/S135561779846613X Hinckley JJ, 2002, J COMMUN DISORD, V35, P543, DOI 10.1016/S0021-9924(02)00119-3 HOWARD D, 1985, BRAIN, V108, P817 HOWARD D, 1985, COGNITIVE NEUROPSYCH, V2, P49, DOI 10.1080/02643298508252861 HOWARD DV, 1981, J GERONTOL, V36, P707 Humphreys GW, 1999, PSYCHOL RES-PSYCH FO, V62, P118, DOI 10.1007/s004260050046 Kaplan E, 1983, BOSTON NAMING TEST Kertesz A., 1982, W APHASIA BATTERY Kiran S, 2001, APHASIOLOGY, V15, P855, DOI 10.1080/02687040143000258 Lacey EH, 2004, BRAIN LANG, V91, P189, DOI 10.1016/j.bandl.2004.06.097 Lancaster JL, 2000, HUM BRAIN MAPP, V10, P120, DOI 10.1002/1097-0193(200007)10:3<120::AID-HBM30>3.0.CO;2-8 LEDORZE G, 1994, APHASIOLOGY, V8, P127 Leger A, 2002, NEUROIMAGE, V17, P174, DOI 10.1006/nimg.2002.1238 Levelt W., 1993, LINGUISTIC DISORDERS LEVELT WJM, 1991, PSYCHOL REV, V98, P122, DOI 10.1037//0033-295X.98.1.122 Long DL, 2002, J COGNITIVE NEUROSCI, V14, P228, DOI 10.1162/089892902317236867 MARSHALL J, 1990, APHASIOLOGY, V4, P167, DOI 10.1080/02687039008249068 MARTIN N, 1994, BRAIN LANG, V47, P609, DOI 10.1006/brln.1994.1061 MCCLOSKEY R, 1952, ONE MORNING MAINE MERZENICH MM, 1984, J COMP NEUROL, V224, P591, DOI 10.1002/cne.902240408 Merzenich MM, 1996, SCIENCE, V271, P77, DOI 10.1126/science.271.5245.77 Miceli G, 1996, BRAIN LANG, V52, P150, DOI 10.1006/brln.1996.0008 Nickels L, 1996, APHASIOLOGY, V10, P21, DOI 10.1080/02687039608248397 Perani D, 2003, BRAIN LANG, V85, P357, DOI 10.1016/S0093-934X(02)00561-8 Phillips MD, 2001, RADIOLOGY, V220, P202 Price CJ, 2000, J ANAT, V197, P335, DOI 10.1046/j.1469-7580.2000.19730335.x RECANZONE GH, 1992, J NEUROPHYSIOL, V67, P1015 RIDDOCH MJ, 1988, COGNITIVE NEUROPSYCH, V5, P3, DOI 10.1080/02643298808252925 Rochon E, 2000, BRAIN LANG, V72, P193, DOI 10.1006/brln.1999.2285 Rosen HJ, 2000, NEUROLOGY, V55, P1883 SAFFRAN EM, 1989, BRAIN LANG, V37, P440, DOI 10.1016/0093-934X(89)90030-8 Springer JA, 1999, BRAIN, V122, P2033, DOI 10.1093/brain/122.11.2033 Talairach J., 1988, COPLANAR STEREOTAXIC Tallal P, 1998, EXP BRAIN RES, V123, P210, DOI 10.1007/s002210050563 Thomas C, 1997, ELECTROEN CLIN NEURO, V102, P86, DOI 10.1016/S0921-884X(96)95653-2 Thompson-Schill SL, 1997, P NATL ACAD SCI USA, V94, P14792, DOI 10.1073/pnas.94.26.14792 Thulborn KR, 1999, STROKE, V30, P749 Wagner AD, 2001, NEURON, V31, P329, DOI 10.1016/S0896-6273(01)00359-2 Xiong JH, 1995, HUM BRAIN MAPP, V3, P287, DOI 10.1002/hbm.460030404 2002, PICTURE PROFESSIONAL NR 73 TC 21 Z9 22 PU PSYCHOLOGY PRESS PI HOVE PA 27 CHURCH RD, HOVE BN3 2FA, EAST SUSSEX, ENGLAND SN 0268-7038 J9 APHASIOLOGY JI Aphasiology PD JAN PY 2006 VL 20 IS 1 BP 59 EP 83 DI 10.1080/02687030500331841 PG 25 WC Clinical Neurology SC Neurosciences & Neurology GA 011SU UT WOS:000235289200004 ER PT J AU Whelan, BM Murdoch, BE AF Whelan, BM Murdoch, BE TI Unravelling subcortical linguistic substrates: Comparison of thalamic versus cerebellar cognitive-linguistic regulation mechanisms SO APHASIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID RHESUS-MONKEY; LANGUAGE; LESIONS; ORGANIZATION; DIASCHISIS; DEFICITS; THOUGHT AB The basal ganglia and cerebellum traditionally constitute motor-dedicated neural systems that facilitate movement via basal ganglia-thalamo-cortical and cerebellar ponto-thalamo-cortical pathways. Lesions of the basal ganglia typically result in poverty of movement (e.g., akinesia) or excessive movement (e.g., hyperkinesia), and lesions of the cerebellum result in incoordination of movement (e.g., ataxia). However, recent research has revealed that in addition to the primary motor cortex, the basal ganglia and cerebellum also demonstrate projection zones to the premotor cortex, frontal eye field , and prefrontal, inferotemporal, and posterior parietal cortices, suggesting a supplementary role for these structures (i.e., basal ganglia and cerebellum) in the regulation of cognitive processes. Subcortical cognitive deficits paralleling motor impairments such as difficulty in shifting attentional set and difficulty in coordinating mental activity have been described in the neuropsychological literature. However, correlates relative to "hypolinguistic" or dysmetric language processes are yet to be adequately defined. Aims: The aim of the current research, therefore, was to compare and contrast the language profiles of individuals with thalamic versus cerebellar lesions. Methods & Procedures: Two cases with surgically induced lesions of the left ventral intermediate thalamus, and two cases with spontaneous vascular infarcts in the left cerebellar hemisphere, served as experimental subjects in this research. General and high-level language profiles were compiled for each subject and performance compared to a roup of 16 non-neurologically impaired controls (NC). The criterion for anomalous performance was established as >= 2 SD below the NC group mean. Outcomes & Results : Evident deficits were largely restricted to complex language functions, irrespective of lesion type. Of note, however, was that thalamic lesions were associated with a higher overall proportion of significantly reduced test scores, as well as greater magnitudes of decline from normal when compared to cerebellar lesions. Conclusions: These results lend support to working theories of subcortical participation in language that promote a superordinate role for the thalamus in the regulation of higher-level lexical-semantic processes. Further more , the present findings also highlight the need to consider a novel role for the left cerebellar hemisphere in coordinating cognitive-linguistic systems. C1 Univ Queensland, Motor Speech & Neurogen Language Ctr, Div Speech Pathol, Sch Hlth & Rehabil Sci, Brisbane, Qld, Australia. RP Whelan, BM (reprint author), Univ Queensland, Motor Speech & Neurogen Language Ctr, Div Speech Pathol, Sch Hlth & Rehabil Sci, Brisbane, Qld, Australia. EM bmw@uq.edu.au RI Murdoch, Bruce/C-1397-2012 CR ALEXANDER GE, 1990, TRENDS NEUROSCI, V13, P266, DOI 10.1016/0166-2236(90)90107-L ALLEN GI, 1974, PHYSIOL REV, V54, P957 Barr M. L., 1993, HUMAN NERVOUS SYSTEM Beldarrain MG, 1997, EUR NEUROL, V37, P82 BRODAL P, 1978, BRAIN, V101, P251, DOI 10.1093/brain/101.2.251 BROICH K, 1987, NEUROSCI LETT, V83, P7, DOI 10.1016/0304-3940(87)90207-2 Cook M, 2004, APHASIOLOGY, V18, P771, DOI 10.1080/02687030444000291 Copland DA, 2000, J MED SPEECH-LANG PA, V8, P1 CROSSON B, 1985, BRAIN LANG, V25, P257, DOI 10.1016/0093-934X(85)90085-9 Desmond JE, 1998, TRENDS COGN SCI, V2, P355, DOI 10.1016/S1364-6613(98)01211-X Deuschl G, 2000, J NEUROL, V247, P33 Fabbro F, 2000, J NEUROLINGUIST, V13, P173, DOI 10.1016/S0911-6044(00)00010-5 Huisingh R., 1990, WORD TEST REVISED TE Kaplan E, 1983, BOSTON NAMING TEST Leggio MG, 2000, J NEUROL NEUROSUR PS, V69, P102, DOI 10.1136/jnnp.69.1.102 LEGGIO MG, 1995, SOC NEUR ABSTR, V21, P364 Marien P, 2001, BRAIN LANG, V79, P580, DOI 10.1006/brln.2001.2569 Mattis S., 1988, DEMENTIA RATING SCAL Middleton FA, 1998, TRENDS COGN SCI, V2, P305, DOI 10.1016/S1364-6613(98)01224-8 Nadeau SE, 1997, BRAIN LANG, V58, P355, DOI 10.1006/brln.1997.1707 Neau JP, 2000, ACTA NEUROL SCAND, V102, P363, DOI 10.1034/j.1600-0404.2000.102006363.x RIKLAN M, 1969, J NEUROL SCI, V8, P307, DOI 10.1016/0022-510X(69)90115-4 Schmahmann JD, 1998, BRAIN, V121, P561, DOI 10.1093/brain/121.4.561 Schmahmann JD, 1998, TRENDS COGN SCI, V2, P362, DOI 10.1016/S1364-6613(98)01218-2 SCHMAHMANN JD, 1991, ARCH NEUROL-CHICAGO, V48, P1178 Schmahmann JD, 1997, J NEUROSCI, V17, P438 Schmahmann JD, 1996, HUM BRAIN MAPP, V4, P174, DOI 10.1002/(SICI)1097-0193(1996)4:3<174::AID-HBM3>3.0.CO;2-0 Schmahmann JD, 1997, INT REV NEUROBIOL, V41, P31 Spreen O, 1977, NEUROSENSORY CTR COM VILKKI J, 1974, NEUROPSYCHOLOGIA, V12, P11, DOI 10.1016/0028-3932(74)90022-0 Wallesch CW, 1988, APHASIA, P256 WHELAN BM, 2003, ACTA NEUROPSYCHOLOGI, V1, P174 Wiig EH, 1989, TEST LANGUAGE COMPET NR 33 TC 4 Z9 4 PU PSYCHOLOGY PRESS PI HOVE PA 27 CHURCH RD, HOVE BN3 2FA, EAST SUSSEX, ENGLAND SN 0268-7038 J9 APHASIOLOGY JI Aphasiology PD DEC PY 2005 VL 19 IS 12 BP 1097 EP 1106 DI 10.1080/02687030500174050 PG 10 WC Clinical Neurology SC Neurosciences & Neurology GA 998YV UT WOS:000234356700001 ER PT J AU Zanini, S Bryan, K De Luca, G Bava, A AF Zanini, S Bryan, K De Luca, G Bava, A TI The effects of age and education on pragmatic features of verbal communication: Evidence from the Italian version of the Right Hemisphere Language Battery (I-RHLB) SO APHASIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID BRAIN-INJURED ADULTS; WORKING-MEMORY; INDIVIDUAL-DIFFERENCES; IDIOM COMPREHENSION; ALZHEIMERS-DISEASE; COGNITIVE DECLINE; NAMING ABILITY; OLDER ADULTS; PERFORMANCE; DISCOURSE AB Background: The field of pragmatic impairments of verbal communication in cerebrally damaged subjects dates back almost three decades. However, a systematic investigation of pragmatic competences has never been completed in a large sample of normal adults controlling for age and education factors. Aims: We aimed to examine the effects of age and education on the main features of pragmatics of verbal communication in a large sample of normal healthy subjects. Methods & Procedures: We developed an Italian version of the Right Hemisphere Language Battery devised by Bryan (1995) and administered it to 440 normal volunteers. Age ranged from 20 to 79 years, and education corresponded to Italian levels of education. Outcomes & Results: We found that ageing and low education influenced performance on almost all the sub tests of the I-RHLB. In particular, performance dropped at 70-79 years, particularly in those with the lowest level of education. Conclusions: These results suggest that processing of the pragmatic features of verbal communication parallels the decline of other cognitive functions associated with ageing and low education that previous studies have already establish. C1 Univ Udine, Neurol Clin, I-33013 Gemona Del Friuli, Udine, Italy. Univ Trieste, I-34127 Trieste, Italy. Univ Surrey, Guildford GU2 5XH, Surrey, England. Res Inst Phys Med & Rehabil, Udine, Italy. RP Zanini, S (reprint author), Univ Udine, Neurol Clin, Piazza Rodolone 2, I-33013 Gemona Del Friuli, Udine, Italy. EM zanini.sergio@spes.uniud.it CR ALBERT MS, 1988, PSYCHOL AGING, V3, P173, DOI 10.1037//0882-7974.3.2.173 ARDILA A, 1989, BRAIN COGNITION, V11, P147, DOI 10.1016/0278-2626(89)90015-8 Ardila A, 2000, ARCH CLIN NEUROPSYCH, V15, P495, DOI 10.1016/S0887-6177(99)00040-2 Beeman M., 1998, RIGHT HEMISPHERE LAN Blake ML, 2003, APHASIOLOGY, V17, P423, DOI 10.1080/02687030344000120 BOWLES NL, 1985, J GERONTOL, V40, P71 Braun AR, 2001, BRAIN, V124, P2028, DOI 10.1093/brain/124.10.2028 BREBION G, 1995, PSYCHOL RES-PSYCH FO, V58, P225, DOI 10.1007/BF00419637 Brownell H. H., 1993, NARRATIVE DISCOURSE Bryan K., 1995, RIGHT HEMISPHERE LAN Bryan KL, 2001, J INT NEUROPSYCH SOC, V7, P655, DOI 10.1017/S1355617701766015 Burgess PW, 1997, HAYLING BRIXTON TEST Caramelli P, 1998, HDB NEUROLINGUISTICS, P463, DOI 10.1016/B978-012666055-5/50036-8 Ceccaldi M, 1996, BRAIN LANG, V54, P75, DOI 10.1006/brln.1996.0061 Chiarello C, 2001, BRAIN LANG, V79, P360, DOI 10.1006/brln.2001.2483 Chiarello C, 2003, NEUROPSYCHOLOGIA, V41, P721, DOI 10.1016/S0028-3932(02)00220-8 Coelho CA, 2003, APHASIOLOGY, V17, P499, DOI 10.1080/02687030344000111 COHEN G, 1983, BRIT J PSYCHOL, V74, P239 COHEN G, 1979, COGNITIVE PSYCHOL, V11, P412, DOI 10.1016/0010-0285(79)90019-7 CRITCHLEY M, 1984, ARCH NEUROL-CHICAGO, V41, P1135 Crystal D, 1998, INTRO LANGUAGE PATHO DAIGNEAULT S, 1993, J CLIN EXP NEUROPSYC, V15, P881, DOI 10.1080/01688639308402605 Duong A, 2001, BRAIN COGNITION, V46, P121, DOI 10.1016/S0278-2626(01)80047-6 Evans D A, 1993, Ann Epidemiol, V3, P71 Faust M, 2002, BRAIN LANG, V80, P438, DOI 10.1006/brln.2001.2601 Gardner H, 1986, RIGHT HEMISPHERE COM GRACIBEH GA, 2003, NEUROLOGY, V60, P1192 Grant JD, 2000, AM J PSYCHOL, V113, P69, DOI 10.2307/1423461 HAMM VP, 1992, PSYCHOL AGING, V7, P56, DOI 10.1037/0882-7974.7.1.56 Hays SJ, 2004, APHASIOLOGY, V18, P693, DOI 10.1080/02687030444000183 Heilman KM, 2004, BRAIN LANG, V89, P411, DOI 10.1016/j.bandl.2004.01.006 Hillis A., 2002, HDB ADULT LANGUAGE D, P429 Hutchinson A, 2003, BRAIN LANG, V87, P361, DOI 10.1016/S0093-934X(03)00133-0 Joanette Y., 1990, RIGHT HEMISPHERE VER JUST MA, 1992, PSYCHOL REV, V99, P122, DOI 10.1037/0033-295X.99.1.122 KEMPER S, 1993, DISCOURSE PROCESS, V16, P405 LECOURS AR, 1987, NEUROPSYCHOLOGIA, V25, P221 Lehman MT, 2000, APHASIOLOGY, V14, P485 Levinson Stephen C., 1983, PRAGMATICS Light L, 1990, HDB PSYCHOL AGING, P275 LIGHT LL, 1985, J GERONTOL, V40, P737 Lyketsos CG, 1999, AM J PSYCHIAT, V156, P58 Manly JJ, 1999, J INT NEUROPSYCH SOC, V5, P191, DOI 10.1017/S135561779953302X Marquardt TP, 2001, APHASIOLOGY, V15, P1091 Martin I, 2003, BRAIN LANG, V85, P451, DOI 10.1016/S0093-934X(03)00070-1 MAXIM J, 1999, CONCISE ENCY LANGUAG, P142 MAXIM J, 1982, MONOGRAPH, V3 McDonald S, 2000, APHASIOLOGY, V14, P339, DOI 10.1080/026870300401397 McDonald S., 1999, COMMUNICATION DISORD McNamara P, 2003, BRAIN LANG, V84, P414, DOI 10.1016/S0093-934X(02)00558-8 Morris C., 1938, INT ENCY UNIFIED SCI, V2 Myers PS, 2001, APHASIOLOGY, V15, P913, DOI 10.1080/02687040143000285 NICHOLAS M, 1985, CORTEX, V21, P595 NIELS J, 1995, J SPEECH HEAR RES, V38, P1143 NORTH AJ, 1986, INT J AGING HUM DEV, V23, P267, DOI 10.2190/BPF0-2BWD-BGNQ-HWCW Oberauer K, 2001, J EXP PSYCHOL LEARN, V27, P948, DOI 10.1037//0278-7393.27.4.948 OBLER LK, 1989, DEV LANGUAGE Oliveri M, 2004, J COGNITIVE NEUROSCI, V16, P848, DOI 10.1162/089892904970717 Palladino P, 1999, AGING-CLIN EXP RES, V11, P301 Papagno C, 2003, BRAIN, V126, P2419, DOI 10.1093/brain/awg243 Papagno C., 1995, Archivio di Psicologia Neurologia e Psichiatria, V56, P402 PARADIS M, 1999, PRAGMATICS NEUROGENI, P1 Coppens P, 1998, APHASIA IN ATYPICAL POPULATIONS, P175 Phillips LH, 1999, DEV NEUROPSYCHOL, V15, P249 RAMAGE AE, 2001, HDB NEUROPSYCHOLOGY, V6, P81 Robbins TW, 1998, J INT NEUROPSYCH SOC, V4, P474 ROSSELLI M, 1990, BRAIN COGNITION, V12, P282 Salthouse T. S., 2001, HDB NEUROPSYCHOLOGY, V6, P39 Salthouse TA, 1996, PSYCHOL REV, V103, P403, DOI 10.1037/0033-295X.103.3.403 Shammi P, 2003, J INT NEUROPSYCH SOC, V9, P855, DOI 10.1017/S135561770396005X Tompkins C. A., 2002, APHASIOLOGY, V16, P559, DOI 10.1080/02687030244000202 Tsang HL, 2003, ARCH CLIN NEUROPSYCH, V18, P81, DOI 10.1016/S0887-6177(01)00184-6 ULATOWSKA HK, 1986, AGING BRAIN COMMUNIC, P125 van Dijk TA, 1997, DISCOURSE STRUCTURE, VI, P1 Van der Linden M, 1999, AGING NEUROPSYCHOL C, V6, P32, DOI 10.1076/anec.6.1.32.791 West RL, 1996, PSYCHOL BULL, V120, P272, DOI 10.1037/0033-2909.120.2.272 Wright HH, 2005, APHASIOLOGY, V19, P263, DOI 10.1080/02687030444000732 Wright HH, 2002, BRAIN LANG, V80, P226, DOI 10.1006/brln.2001.2595 Yamadori A, 1999, BRAIN COGNITION, V39, P19 Youse KM, 2005, APHASIOLOGY, V19, P297, DOI 10.1080/02687030444000769 Zanini S, 2005, NEUROL SCI, V26, P13, DOI 10.1007/s10072-005-0377-x Zanini S., 2003, BATTERIA LINGUAGGIO NR 82 TC 5 Z9 5 PU PSYCHOLOGY PRESS PI HOVE PA 27 CHURCH RD, HOVE BN3 2FA, EAST SUSSEX, ENGLAND SN 0268-7038 J9 APHASIOLOGY JI Aphasiology PD DEC PY 2005 VL 19 IS 12 BP 1107 EP 1133 DI 10.1080/02687030500268977 PG 27 WC Clinical Neurology SC Neurosciences & Neurology GA 998YV UT WOS:000234356700002 ER PT J AU Ghidella, CL Murray, SJ Smart, MJ McKenna, KT Worrall, LE AF Ghidella, CL Murray, SJ Smart, MJ McKenna, KT Worrall, LE TI Aphasia websites: An examination of their quality and communicative accessibility SO APHASIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID EDUCATION MATERIALS; HEALTH INFORMATION; INTERNET; WEB; COMPREHENSION; CONSUMERS; USERS AB Background: Studies have examined Internet use as a source of information by various populations, however no study has examined the quality and accessibility of websites for people with aphasia, or their use of such sites. Aims: This study aimed to describe the quality, communicative accessibility, and readability of a sample of aphasia websites and to determine whether sites preferred by people with aphasia were those rated highly on measures of accessibility and quality. The perceptions of people with aphasia regarding the accessibility of the sites were compared with those of speech pathologists. The relationship between the quality and communicative accessibility of websites was analysed. Factors that may influence use of the Internet by people with aphasia and speech pathologists were explored. Methods & Procedures: Tools for measuring quality and communicative accessibility were developed and a sample of five websites was selected. Two participant groups (18 speech pathologists and 6 people with aphasia) assessed aphasia websites in terms of communicative accessibility. Speech pathologists also rated website quality. Spearman's rho was used to determine levels of agreement between variables. Outcomes & Results: People with aphasia and speech pathologists showed minimal agreement on their perceptions of communicative accessibility. However, when the preferences of websites (Aphasia Help and Speakability) were of a very high standard. There was a weak relationship between quality and communicative accessibility, however it was not statistically significant. Conclusions: Accessible websites are not necessarily of high quality, and quality websites are not guaranteed to be easily accessible. People with aphasia did not agree with speech pathologists as to what makes a good aphasia website. Therefore, people with aphasia should be involved in the design of aphasia websites since they are often the intended users. If Internet use by people with aphasia increases in line with other health populations, speech pathologist need to have the skills and confidence to recommend appropriate sites to their clients. C1 Univ Queensland, Sch Hlth & Rehabil Sci, Brisbane, Qld 4072, Australia. RP Worrall, LE (reprint author), Univ Queensland, Sch Hlth & Rehabil Sci, Brisbane, Qld 4072, Australia. EM l.worrall@uq.edu.au RI Worrall, Linda/D-2579-2010 OI Worrall, Linda/0000-0002-3283-7038 CR Brown P, 2002, BRIT MED J, V324, P566 DAVIS TC, 1990, J FAM PRACTICE, V31, P533 Elman RJ, 2001, APHASIOLOGY, V15, P895, DOI 10.1080/02687040143000267 Eysenbach G, 2000, BRIT MED J, V320, P1713, DOI 10.1136/bmj.320.7251.1713 Eysenbach G, 2002, BRIT MED J, V324, P573, DOI 10.1136/bmj.324.7337.573 Gagliardi A, 2002, BRIT MED J, V324, P569, DOI 10.1136/bmj.324.7337.569 GRABER MA, 1999, J FAMILY PRACTICE, V48, P59 Jadad AR, 1999, BRIT MED J, V319, P761 Kim P, 1999, BRIT MED J, V318, P647 Mead Nicola, 2003, J Health Serv Res Policy, V8, P33, DOI 10.1258/13558190360468209 Paciello M. G., 2000, WEB ACCESSIBILITY PE PETHERAM B, 2004, 11 INT APH REH C MIL Rose TA, 2003, APHASIOLOGY, V17, P947, DOI 10.1080/02687030344000319 Shepperd S, 2002, BRIT MED J, V324, P556, DOI 10.1136/bmj.324.7337.556 Singh S, 1998, J COMMUN, V48, P86 Singh S, 2000, APHASIOLOGY, V14, P157, DOI 10.1080/026870300401531 WADDELL C, 1998, APPL ADA INTERNET WE NR 17 TC 10 Z9 10 PU PSYCHOLOGY PRESS PI HOVE PA 27 CHURCH RD, HOVE BN3 2FA, EAST SUSSEX, ENGLAND SN 0268-7038 J9 APHASIOLOGY JI Aphasiology PD DEC PY 2005 VL 19 IS 12 BP 1134 EP 1146 DI 10.1080/02687030500337871 PG 13 WC Clinical Neurology SC Neurosciences & Neurology GA 998YV UT WOS:000234356700003 ER PT J AU Byng, S Duchan, JF AF Byng, S Duchan, JF TI Social model philosophies and principles: Their applications to therapies for aphasia SO APHASIOLOGY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 41st Annual Meeting of the Academy-of-Aphasia/Aphasia Therapy Workshop CY OCT 21-23, 2003 CL Vienna, AUSTRIA SP Acad Aphasia ID ADULTS; PEOPLE AB Background: The social model of disability has, on occasion, created confusion and contention among those working in the field of aphasia. Some have treated it as an alternative or substitute for traditional therapies. Aims: This paper makes an effort to clarify the issues surrounding discussions of the social model, and attempts to reduce some of the disagreement associated with its use. It is argued that the social model can provide principles for practice that can be used as a guide for any types of therapies. Methods & Procedures: The study examines the literature on the social model. A distinction is drawn between social model philosophies and social model principles. Once the distinction is made, a set of principles is presented as a guide for planning and evaluating support services for people with aphasia. Outcomes & Results: The particular principles drawn from the social model philosophy are: equalising social relations, creating authentic involvement, creating engaging experiences, establishing user control, and becoming accountable to users. Illustrations are given of how each of these social model principles was used by staff and people with aphasia to guide different support services offered by a UK charity called Connect - The Communication Disability Network. The principles were also found useful in evaluating social model activities. Conclusions: A case is made that the social model principles can provide speech therapists with a guide for conducting their therapies, whatever form those practices take. C1 Connect Commun Disabil Network, London SE1 1HL, England. RP Byng, S (reprint author), Connect Commun Disabil Network, 16-18 Marshalsea Rd, London SE1 1HL, England. EM sallybyng@ukconnect.org CR Abberley P, 2004, DISABLING BARRIERS E, P239 [Anonymous], 2001, NZ DISABILITY STRATE BARNES C, 2000, CREATING INDEPENDENT BERESFORD P, 2003, DISABLING BARRIERS E, P246 Beukelman D. R., 1998, AUGMENTATIVE ALTERNA BLACK M, 2003, APHASIA INSIDE OUT, P21 BOAZMAN S, 2003, APHASIA INSIDE OUT R, P32 Byng S, 2001, ADV SPEECH LANGUAGE, V3, P67 BYNG S, 2003, SCI APHASIA, P201, DOI 10.1016/B978-008044073-6/50015-8 CAIRNS D, IN PRESS APHASIA THE, V2 Davis K., 2004, DISABLING BARRIERS E, P203 *DEP HLTH, 2004, EXP PAT NEW APPR CHR DUCHAN J, 2001, ADV SPEECH LANGUAGE, V3, P73 DUCHAN J, 2004, FRAME WORK LANGUAGE Duchan J. F., 2001, ADV SPEECH LANGUAGE, V3, P37 Elman RJ, 1999, J SPEECH LANG HEAR R, V42, P411 Ferguson Philip M., 1992, INTERPRETING DISABIL, P213 Gillman M, 1997, DISABIL SOC, V12, P675 GILLMAN M, 2004, DISABLING BARRIERS E, P251 Goble C., 2004, DISABLING BARRIERS E, P41 Hewitt CN, 2003, J ENVIRON MONITOR, V5, P1, DOI 10.1039/b204712h Kagan A, 2004, CHALLENGING APHASIA THERAPIES: BROADENING THE DISCOURSE AND EXTENDING THE BOUNDARIES, P158, DOI 10.4324/9780203462706_chapter_10 Kagan A, 1998, APHASIOLOGY, V12, P816, DOI 10.1080/02687039808249575 KHOSA J, 2003, APHASIA INSIDE OUT R, P10 LPAA Project Group, 2000, ASHA LEADER, V5, P4 MCNEIL M, 2001, ADV SPEECH LANGUAGE, V3, P55 MERCER G, 2004, DISABLING BARRIERS E, P176 MONTAGU A, IN PRESS APHASIA THE, V2 MORRIS J, 1993, SHAPE THINGS COME US Oliver M., 2004, DISABLING BARRIERS E, P7 Oliver M., 1996, UNDERSTANDING DISABI PARR S, 2004, LIVING SEVER APHASIA Pound C, 2004, CHALLENGING APHASIA THERAPIES: BROADENING THE DISCOURSE AND EXTENDING THE BOUNDARIES, P32, DOI 10.4324/9780203462706_chapter_3 Pound C, 2004, DISABLING BARRIERS E, P161 Sarno MT, 2004, CHALLENGING APHASIA THERAPIES: BROADENING THE DISCOURSE AND EXTENDING THE BOUNDARIES, P19, DOI 10.4324/9780203462706_chapter_2 Simms NJ, 2001, EUR FED CORR PUBL, P246 Simmons-Mackie N, 1999, CONSTRUCTING (IN) COMPETENCE, P313 Simmons-Mackie N., 2000, NEUROGENIC COMMUNICA Threats T, 2004, ADV SPEECH LANGUAGE, V6, P83 UPIAS, 1976, FUND PRINC DIS van der Gaag A, 2005, CLIN REHABIL, V19, P372, DOI 10.1191/0269215505cr785oa World Health Organisation, 2001, INT CLASS FUNCT DIS NR 42 TC 38 Z9 40 PU ROUTLEDGE JOURNALS, TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD PI ABINGDON PA 4 PARK SQUARE, MILTON PARK, ABINGDON OX14 4RN, OXFORDSHIRE, ENGLAND SN 0268-7038 EI 1464-5041 J9 APHASIOLOGY JI Aphasiology PD OCT-NOV PY 2005 VL 19 IS 10-11 SI SI BP 906 EP 922 DI 10.1080/02687030544000128 PG 17 WC Clinical Neurology SC Neurosciences & Neurology GA 990MJ UT WOS:000233747100002 ER PT J AU Worrall, L Rose, T Howe, T Brennan, A Egan, J Oxenham, D McKenna, K AF Worrall, L Rose, T Howe, T Brennan, A Egan, J Oxenham, D McKenna, K TI Access to written information for people with aphasia SO APHASIOLOGY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 41st Annual Meeting of the Academy-of-Aphasia/Aphasia Therapy Workshop CY OCT 21-23, 2003 CL Vienna, AUSTRIA SP Acad Aphasia AB Background: Accessibility is often constructed in terms of physical accessibility. There has been little research into how the environment can accommodate the communicative limitations of people with aphasia. Communication accessibility for people with aphasia is conceptualised in this paper within the World Health Organisation's International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health (ICF). The focus of accessibility is considered in terms of the relationship between the environment and the person with the disability. Thus: This paper synthesises the results of three Studies that examine the effectiveness of aphasia-friendly written material. Main Contribution: The first study (Rose, Worrall, & McKenna, 2003) found that aphasia-friendly formatting of written health information improves comprehension by people with aphasia, but not everyone prefers aphasia-friendly formatting. Brennan, Worrall, and McKenna (in press) found that the aphasia-friendly strategy of augmenting text with pictures, particularly ClipArt and Internet images, may be distracting rather than helpful. Finally, Egan, Worrall, and Oxenham (2004) found that the use of ail aphasia-friendly written training manual was instrumental in assisting people with aphasia to learn the Internet. Conclusion: Aphasia-friendly formatting appears to improve the accessibility of written material for people with aphasia. Caution is needed when considering the use of illustrations, particularly ClipArt and Internet images, when creating aphasia-friendly materials. A research, practice, and policy agenda for introducing aphasia-friendly formatting is proposed. C1 Univ Queensland, Commun Disabil Ageing Res Ctr, Sch Hlth & Rehabil Sci, Brisbane, Qld 4072, Australia. RP Worrall, L (reprint author), Univ Queensland, Commun Disabil Ageing Res Ctr, Sch Hlth & Rehabil Sci, Brisbane, Qld 4072, Australia. EM l.worrall@uq.edu.au RI Rose, Tanya/D-2580-2010; Worrall, Linda/D-2579-2010 OI Worrall, Linda/0000-0002-3283-7038 CR Bernier M J, 1993, Orthop Nurs, V12, P39, DOI 10.1097/00006416-199311000-00008 BRENNAN A, IN PRESS APHASIOLOGY EGAN J, 2004, APHASIOLOGY, V8, P265 Hoffmann T., 2004, INT J THERAPY REHABI, V11, P303 Howe TJ, 2004, APHASIOLOGY, V18, P1015, DOI 10.1080/02687030444000499 Kagan A., 1993, APHASIA TREATMENT WO, P199 MCLAUGHLIN GH, 1969, J READING, V12, P639 Parr S., 1997, TALKING APHASIA LIVI Rose TA, 2003, APHASIOLOGY, V17, P947, DOI 10.1080/02687030344000319 World Health Organisation, 2001, INT CLASS FUNCT DIS NR 10 TC 23 Z9 23 PU PSYCHOLOGY PRESS PI HOVE PA 27 CHURCH RD, HOVE BN3 2FA, EAST SUSSEX, ENGLAND SN 0268-7038 J9 APHASIOLOGY JI Aphasiology PD OCT-NOV PY 2005 VL 19 IS 10-11 SI SI BP 923 EP 929 DI 10.1080/02687030544000137 PG 7 WC Clinical Neurology SC Neurosciences & Neurology GA 990MJ UT WOS:000233747100003 ER PT J AU Linebarger, MC Schwartz, MF AF Linebarger, MC Schwartz, MF TI AAC for hypothesis testing and treatment of aphasic language production: Lessons from a "processing prosthesis" SO APHASIOLOGY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 41st Annual Meeting of the Academy-of-Aphasia/Aphasia Therapy Workshop CY OCT 21-23, 2003 CL Vienna, AUSTRIA SP Acad Aphasia ID AGRAMMATIC PRODUCTION; SENTENCE PRODUCTION; VERB RETRIEVAL AB Background: The design of augmentative and alternative communication (AAC) technology for aphasic individuals must be informed by a theory of the underlying disorder in order to determine what kind of assistance will be most effective. AAC devices may therefore serve to test competing theories, each predicting the efficacy of a different kind of support for language production. They may also serve as heuristic tools, affording the opportunity to observe language production under radically altered conditions. A communication system that we have termed a "processing prosthesis" was directly inspired by the performance hypothesis, the view that processing factors rather than loss of linguistic knowledge underlie aphasic language production disorders. Unlike AAC technology, which focuses on the provision of direct linguistic support in the form of vocabulary items and pre-stored utterances, this system (referred to here and in previous literature as the "CS") emphasises indirect support to allow the user to more fully exploit his or her retained language production capabilities. If the CS is effective in facilitating aphasic sentence construction, this may be taken as evidence in support of the performance hypothesis embodied in its design. Aims: We illustrate the interplay between AAC technology and psycholinguistic theory by reviewing studies of the CS, and describe some approaches to language remediation that have emerged from this work. Contributions: We review three published studies and preliminary data from a fourth. These studies demonstrate the efficacy of the CS through "aided" effects (i.e., the extent to which utterances produced on the system are more structured and/or informative than those produced without the system) and treatment effects (i.e., the impact of a period of CS use on the aphasic individual's spontaneous, unaided speech). Conclusions: The CS data suggest that "indirect" support may play an important role in facilitating and treating aphasic sentence production; and, more generally, they demonstrate the bidirectional flow of insight between assistive technology and the psycholinguistic analysis of aphasic disorders. C1 Psycholinguist Technol Inc, Jenkintown, PA 19046 USA. Moss Rehabil Res Inst, Philadelphia, PA USA. RP Linebarger, MC (reprint author), Psycholinguist Technol Inc, 93 Old York Rd,Suite 1 447, Jenkintown, PA 19046 USA. EM Linebarger@psycholinguistic-technologies.com CR Berndt RS, 1997, BRAIN LANG, V56, P107 BERNSTEIN DS, 1995, INT J ROBUST NONLIN, V5, P1, DOI 10.1002/rnc.4590050102 Doyle P. J., 1995, AM J SPEECH-LANG PAT, V4, P130 Doyle P. J., 1996, AM J SPEECH-LANG PAT, V5, P53, DOI 10.1044/1058-0360.0503.53 FRIED S, 2002, NEW RABBI Jacobs BJ, 2001, BRAIN LANG, V78, P115, DOI 10.1006/brln.2001.2452 Kohn SE, 1998, APPL PSYCHOLINGUIST, V19, P631, DOI 10.1017/S0142716400010390 KOLK H, 1995, BRAIN LANG, V50, P282, DOI 10.1006/brln.1995.1049 LINEBARGER M, 2004, ANN M AC APH CHIC IL Linebarger MC, 2001, NEUROPSYCHOL REHABIL, V11, P57 Linebarger MC, 2002, BRAIN LANG, V83, P169 Linebarger MC, 2000, BRAIN LANG, V75, P416, DOI 10.1006/brln.2000.2378 Linebarger MC, 2004, COGN NEUROPSYCHOL, V21, P267, DOI 10.1080/02643290342000537 Marshall J, 1998, BRAIN LANG, V63, P159, DOI 10.1006/brln.1998.1949 MARSHALL J, 1995, APHASIOLOGY, V9, P517, DOI 10.1080/02687039508248712 Martin RC, 1998, BRAIN LANG, V65, P99 NICHOLAS LE, 1993, CLIN APHASIOLOGY, V21, P87 Peach RK, 2004, APHASIOLOGY, V18, P429, DOI 10.1080/02687030444000147 Ross KB, 1999, APHASIOLOGY, V13, P113, DOI 10.1080/026870399402235 Saffran E., 1980, LANGUAGE PRODUCTION SAFFRAN EM, 1989, BRAIN LANG, V37, P440, DOI 10.1016/0093-934X(89)90030-8 SCHWARTZ M, 2005, UNPUB COMBINING ASSI Schwartz MF, 2002, COGN NEUROPSYCHOL, V19, P263, DOI 10.1080/02643290143000187 Thompson C. K., 1995, BRAIN LANG, V51, P124 Thompson CK, 2003, J SPEECH LANG HEAR R, V46, P591, DOI 10.1044/1092-4388(2003/047) WEINRICH M, 1993, BRAIN LANG, V45, P21, DOI 10.1006/brln.1993.1031 WILLIAMS SE, 1982, BRAIN LANG, V17, P92, DOI 10.1016/0093-934X(82)90007-4 ZINGESER L, 1990, BRAIN LANG, V39, P13 NR 28 TC 8 Z9 8 PU PSYCHOLOGY PRESS PI HOVE PA 27 CHURCH RD, HOVE BN3 2FA, EAST SUSSEX, ENGLAND SN 0268-7038 J9 APHASIOLOGY JI Aphasiology PD OCT-NOV PY 2005 VL 19 IS 10-11 SI SI BP 930 EP 942 DI 10.1080/02687030544000146 PG 13 WC Clinical Neurology SC Neurosciences & Neurology GA 990MJ UT WOS:000233747100004 ER PT J AU Fink, RB Brecher, A Sobel, P Schwartz, MF AF Fink, RB Brecher, A Sobel, P Schwartz, MF TI Computer-assisted treatment of word retrieval deficits in aphasia SO APHASIOLOGY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 41st Annual Meeting of the Academy-of-Aphasia/Aphasia Therapy Workshop CY OCT 21-23, 2003 CL Vienna, AUSTRIA SP Acad Aphasia ID NAMING DISORDERS; MAPPING THERAPY; REHABILITATION; MULTICUE; PROGRAM; CUES AB Background: There are now numerous experimental Studies demonstrating successful treatment of word retrieval deficits in aphasia. Technological advances allow us to implement many of these approaches on the computer and target the underlying impairment (e.g., in phonologically vs semantically based retrieval deficits). These computer-assisted treatments have the potential to facilitate the work of clinicians and, if geared towards independent Or volunteer-assisted usage, extend the rehabilitation process beyond the period of formal therapy. Aims: Our aim is to review the benefits and limitations of computer-assisted treatment for word retrieval deficits, focusing on the lessons we have learned from a computerised therapy system, developed in Our laboratory, which was designed to be used in the clinical setting, as well as by patients working independently. Contributions: We review relevant single and multiple case studies that use computer-assisted treatment programmes in various clinical and home settings. We then describe an Outcome Study that used the therapy system developed in our laboratory to deliver a hierarchical, multi-modality cueing protocol under clinician-guided and self-guided instruction. Through the use of mini case studies, we exemplify the system's application in the clinical setting and in home usage. Additionally we present use and satisfaction data which impact on clinical and home use. Conclusions: Theoretically motivated, computer-assisted treatments for naming impairments can be beneficial as an adjunct to one-on-one speech/language therapy, and are an effective way to intensity and continue the rehabilitation process. While many of our patients are capable of working independently or with minimal assistance to achieve their goals, computers still represent an unfamiliar and intimidating technology for the majority of our patients and families; and access in the home remains limited. One way to provide needed support is through a Computer lab, staffed by trained Volunteers working under the supervision of a speech-language pathologist. Additional research is needed to replicate these findings with a larger and more diverse group of individuals with aphasia and to evaluate the effectiveness of the Multi-modality Matching Module of MossTalk Words (R) software in the treatment of semantically based anomia. This Could potentially provide pilot data for a largescale clinical trial. C1 Moss Rehabil Res Inst, Philadelphia, PA 19141 USA. Thomas Jefferson Univ, Philadelphia, PA 19107 USA. RP Fink, RB (reprint author), Moss Rehabil Res Inst, Korman Bldg,Suite 213,1200 W Tabor Rd, Philadelphia, PA 19141 USA. EM fink@shrsys.hslc.org CR Best W, 1997, NEUROPSYCHOL REHABIL, V7, P105 BRUCE C, 1987, BRIT J DISORD COMMUN, V22, P191 DELOCHE G, 1993, APHASIOLOGY, V7, P201, DOI 10.1080/02687039308249506 Doesborgh S, 2004, APHASIOLOGY, V18, P213, DOI 10.1080/02687030344000580 Fink R. B., 2000, TOP STROKE REHABIL, V7, P32 FINK RB, 2002, AM SPEECH LANGUAGE H, V12, P25 Fink RB, 1998, BRAIN LANG, V65, P203 Fink RB, 1997, BRAIN LANG, V60, P41 FINK RB, 2001, MOSSTALK WORDS COMPU Fink RB, 2002, APHASIOLOGY, V16, P1061, DOI 10.1080/02687030244000400 Goodglass H, 1983, ASSESSMENT APHASIA R, V2nd HOWARD D, 1985, BRAIN, V108, P817 HOWARD D, 1985, COGNITIVE NEUROPSYCH, V2, P49, DOI 10.1080/02643298508252861 JONES EV, 1986, BRIT J DISORD COMMUN, V21, P63 Kaplan E., 1983, BOSTON NAMING TEST Laganaro M., 2003, APHASIOLOGY, V17, P707 LINEBAUGH C, 1977, CLIN APHASIOLOGY, P19 MORTLEY J, 2004, APHASIOLOGY, V18, P213 Nickels L, 1996, APHASIOLOGY, V10, P109, DOI 10.1080/02687039608248401 Nickels L, 2002, APHASIOLOGY, V16, P935, DOI 10.1080/02687030244000563 Nickels L, 1996, APHASIOLOGY, V10, P21, DOI 10.1080/02687039608248397 Pedersen PM, 2001, APHASIOLOGY, V15, P151, DOI 10.1080/02687040042000106 RAYMER AM, 2004, COMPUTERISED TRAININ SCHWARTZ MF, 1994, APHASIOLOGY, V8, P19, DOI 10.1080/02687039408248639 SOBEL P, 2000, IMPACT COMPUTER ASSI Thompson C.K., 1991, CLIN APHASIOLOGY, P239 VANMOURIK M, 1992, APHASIOLOGY, V6, P179, DOI 10.1080/02687039208248589 NR 27 TC 15 Z9 15 PU PSYCHOLOGY PRESS PI HOVE PA 27 CHURCH RD, HOVE BN3 2FA, EAST SUSSEX, ENGLAND SN 0268-7038 J9 APHASIOLOGY JI Aphasiology PD OCT-NOV PY 2005 VL 19 IS 10-11 SI SI BP 943 EP 954 DI 10.1080/02687030544000155 PG 12 WC Clinical Neurology SC Neurosciences & Neurology GA 990MJ UT WOS:000233747100005 ER PT J AU Stefanatos, GA Gershkoff, A Madigan, S AF Stefanatos, GA Gershkoff, A Madigan, S TI Computer-mediated tools for the investigation and rehabilitation of auditory and phonological processing in aphasia SO APHASIOLOGY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 41st Annual Meeting of the Academy-of-Aphasia/Aphasia Therapy Workshop CY OCT 21-23, 2003 CL Vienna, AUSTRIA SP Acad Aphasia ID LEARNING IMPAIRED CHILDREN; PURE WORD DEAFNESS; SPEECH-PERCEPTION; LANGUAGE COMPREHENSION; DEVELOPMENTAL APHASIA; STOP CONSONANTS; DEFICITS; SOUNDS; DISCRIMINATION; INTERNET AB Background: Advances in technology have enhanced out-ability to use computer's to manipulate the spectrotemporal characteristics of speech waveforms in ways that can influence the processing of linguistically important features. These modifications are important in patients with auditory/phonetic processing disorders. Aims: We present some preliminary data detailing the effect of modifying the spectrotemporal structure of speech on the ability to discriminate consonant-vowel syllables and comprehend spoken words and sentences in a case Of Pure Word Deafness (PWD). Methods & Procedures: We documented severe phonemic processing deficits in a patient with PWD resulting from a unilateral left temporal lesion. Her ability to distinguish between stop consonants was severely impaired while her perception of vowels was relatively spared. This pattern suggested problems with online perceptual elaboration of short-term acoustic features such as rapid formant frequency transitions. We digitally synthesised consonant-vowels with normal (40 millisecond) and extended (80 millisecond) formant frequency transitions and examined her ability to discriminate these stimuli when presented in rapid sequence. In addition, we temporally expanded natural words and sentences by 1.5 and 2 times their original duration (without altering voice pitch) and examined the effects of these manipulations on her auditory comprehension. Outcomes & Results: Altering the temporal parameters of speech had varied effects on decoding auditory linguistic information. Temporal expansion of sentences produced a small but noteworthy increase in performance on all auditory language comprehension task. Extension of brief formant transitions had no substantial effect on phonemic discrimination of rapidly presented CV pairs. Conclusions: These findings illustrate that temporal conditioning of auditory stimuli call potentially enhance the ability of patients with PWD to comprehend speech. The implications of the findings for aphasia therapy are discussed. C1 Albert Einstein Med Ctr, Moss Rehabil Res Inst, Philadelphia, PA 19027 USA. Univ Delaware, Wilmington, DE USA. RP Stefanatos, GA (reprint author), Albert Einstein Med Ctr, Moss Rehabil Res Inst, 1200 W Tabor Rd, Philadelphia, PA 19027 USA. EM gstefana@einstein.edu CR ALBERT ML, 1974, BRAIN, V97, P373, DOI 10.1093/brain/97.1.373 AUERBACH SH, 1982, BRAIN, V105, P271, DOI 10.1093/brain/105.2.271 BASSO A, 1977, CORTEX, V13, P85 Bishop D. V. M., 1989, TEST RECEPTION GRAMM Blumstein S. E., 2001, HDB NEUROPSYCHOLOGY, V3, P95 BLUMSTEIN SE, 1977, NEUROPSYCHOLOGIA, V15, P19, DOI 10.1016/0028-3932(77)90111-7 BLUMSTEIN SE, 1985, BRAIN LANG, V24, P246, DOI 10.1016/0093-934X(85)90134-8 BLUMSTEIN SE, 1994, PHILOS T ROY SOC B, V346, P29, DOI 10.1098/rstb.1994.0125 BOERSMA P, 2003, PRAAT 4 1 BUCHMAN AS, 1986, J NEUROL NEUROSUR PS, V49, P489, DOI 10.1136/jnnp.49.5.489 Crerar MA, 1996, BRAIN LANG, V52, P229, DOI 10.1006/brln.1996.0010 Delattre P, 1952, WORD, V8, P195 DELATTRE PC, 1976, ACOUSTIC LOCI TRANSI DIEHL RL, 1981, PSYCHOL BULL, V89, P1 DIVENYI PL, 1989, BRAIN LANG, V37, P290, DOI 10.1016/0093-934X(89)90020-5 Doesborgh S, 2004, APHASIOLOGY, V18, P213, DOI 10.1080/02687030344000580 Dronkers NF, 1999, BRAIN LANG, V69, P450 Egan J, 2004, APHASIOLOGY, V18, P265, DOI 10.1080/02687030344000562 Fant G., 1973, SPEECH SOUNDS FEATUR, P110 FINK RB, 2001, MOSSTALK WORDS COMPU GARDNER H, 1975, Cortex, V11, P155 Gow DW, 1996, BRAIN LANG, V52, P386 KATZ R, 1992, MICROAPHASIOLOGY COM, V21 KEATING P, 1978, J ACOUST SOC AM, V64, P57, DOI 10.1121/1.381956 Kertesz A., 1982, W APHASIA BATTERY Kussmaul A, 1877, CYCLOPEDIA PRACTICE, P581 LIBERMAN AM, 1967, PSYCHOL REV, V74, P431, DOI 10.1037/h0020279 Lichtheim L., 1885, BRAIN, V7, P433 Linebarger MC, 2000, BRAIN LANG, V75, P416, DOI 10.1006/brln.2000.2378 Louis M, 2001, BRAIN COGNITION, V46, P197, DOI 10.1016/S0278-2626(01)80065-8 Merzenich MM, 1996, SCIENCE, V271, P77, DOI 10.1126/science.271.5245.77 MICELI G, 1978, BRAIN LANG, V6, P47, DOI 10.1016/0093-934X(78)90042-1 MICELI G, 1982, NEUROPSYCHOLOGIA, V20, P5, DOI 10.1016/0028-3932(82)90083-5 Mortley J, 2004, APHASIOLOGY, V18, P193, DOI 10.1080/02687030344000553 Nagarajan S S, 1998, IEEE Trans Rehabil Eng, V6, P257, DOI 10.1109/86.712220 OSCARBERMAN M, 1975, BRAIN LANG, V2, P345, DOI 10.1016/S0093-934X(75)80075-7 PETERSON GE, 1952, J ACOUST SOC AM, V24, P175, DOI 10.1121/1.1906875 PRAAMSTRA P, 1991, BRAIN, V114, P1197, DOI 10.1093/brain/114.3.1197 *PSYCH SOFTW TOOLS, 2001, E PRIM VERS 1 0 20 2 REMEZ RE, 1981, SCIENCE, V212, P947, DOI 10.1126/science.7233191 SAFFRAN EM, 1976, BRAIN LANG, V3, P209, DOI 10.1016/0093-934X(76)90018-3 Saygin AP, 2003, BRAIN, V126, P928, DOI 10.1093/brain/awg082 STACHOWIAK FJ, 1993, COMPUTER BASED APHAS Stefanatos GA, 2005, J INT NEUROPSYCH SOC, V11, P456, DOI 10.1017/S1355617705050538 TALLAL P, 1974, NEUROPSYCHOLOGIA, V12, P83, DOI 10.1016/0028-3932(74)90030-X TALLAL P, 1990, J SPEECH HEAR RES, V33, P616 TALLAL P, 1975, NEUROPSYCHOLOGIA, V13, P69, DOI 10.1016/0028-3932(75)90049-4 TALLAL P, 1978, BRAIN LANG, V5, P13, DOI 10.1016/0093-934X(78)90003-2 Tallal P, 1996, SCIENCE, V271, P81, DOI 10.1126/science.271.5245.81 Tyler L. K., 1992, SPOKEN LANGUAGE COMP VARNEY NR, 1984, ARCH NEUROL-CHICAGO, V41, P181 VARNEY NR, 1989, CORTEX, V25, P47 Wang E, 2000, BRAIN LANG, V73, P442, DOI 10.1006/brln.2000.2319 YAQUB BA, 1988, BRAIN, V111, P457, DOI 10.1093/brain/111.2.457 NR 54 TC 1 Z9 2 PU PSYCHOLOGY PRESS PI HOVE PA 27 CHURCH RD, HOVE BN3 2FA, EAST SUSSEX, ENGLAND SN 0268-7038 J9 APHASIOLOGY JI Aphasiology PD OCT-NOV PY 2005 VL 19 IS 10-11 SI SI BP 955 EP 964 DI 10.1080/02687030544000164 PG 10 WC Clinical Neurology SC Neurosciences & Neurology GA 990MJ UT WOS:000233747100006 ER PT J AU Hinckley, JJ Carr, TH AF Hinckley, JJ Carr, TH TI Comparing the outcomes of intensive and non-intensive context-based aphasia treatment SO APHASIOLOGY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 41st Annual Meeting of the Academy-of-Aphasia/Aphasia Therapy Workshop CY OCT 21-23, 2003 CL Vienna, AUSTRIA SP Acad Aphasia ID LANGUAGE TREATMENT; GLOBAL APHASIA; THERAPY; ADULTS AB Background: Intensive rates of treatment have been shown to have positive outcomes but have rarely been directly compared with non-intensive treatment. Certain types of treatment may be more effective at intensive rates than others. Aims: The purpose of this study was to compare intensive and non-intensive rates of one particular, highly specified type of treatment termed "context-based treatment". Methods & Procedures: Thirteen adults with moderately severe aphasia were assigned to either intensive or non-intensive treatment. A battery of assessments was designed to measure the effectiveness of the treatment and the transfer of the treatment to more and less similar contexts. Outcomes & Results: There was no advantage of intensive treatment for achieving mastery of the trained context, or in transferring those skills to similar environments, or challenging environments. Conclusions: If replicated, the results could suggest that context-based treatment may be a treatment type of choice when treatment time is limited. C1 Univ S Florida, Tampa, FL 33620 USA. Michigan State Univ, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA. RP Hinckley, JJ (reprint author), Univ S Florida, 4202 E Fowler Ave,PCD1017, Tampa, FL 33620 USA. EM jhinckle@chumal.cas.usf.edu CR Bhogal Sanjit K, 2003, Top Stroke Rehabil, V10, P66 Denes G, 1996, APHASIOLOGY, V10, P385, DOI 10.1080/02687039608248418 Donovan JJ, 1999, J APPL PSYCHOL, V84, P795, DOI 10.1037//0021-9010.84.5.795 Goodglass H., 1983, BOSTON DIAGNOSTIC AP, V2nd Grant DA, 1993, WISCONSIN CARD SORTI Hinckley JJ, 2001, APHASIOLOGY, V15, P463, DOI 10.1080/02687040042000340 Hinckley JJ, 1998, APHASIOLOGY, V12, P989, DOI 10.1080/02687039808249465 Holland A. L., 1999, COMMUNICATION ACTIVI HOLLINGSHEAD AB, 1975, UNPUB 4 FACTOR INDEX Hopper T, 1998, APHASIOLOGY, V12, P933, DOI 10.1080/02687039808249461 Kay J., 1992, PSYCHOLINGUISTIC ASS Kertesz A., 1982, W APHASIA BATTERY MACKENZIE C, 1991, APHASIOLOGY, V5, P435, DOI 10.1080/02687039108248547 MATTOON JS, 1994, ALHRTR19940041 POECK K, 1989, J SPEECH HEAR DISORD, V54, P471 Pulvermuller F, 2001, STROKE, V32, P1621 Raven JC, 1979, MANUAL RAVENS PROGR Robey RR, 1998, J SPEECH LANG HEAR R, V41, P172 VANMOURIK M, 1992, APHASIOLOGY, V6, P491, DOI 10.1080/02687039208249486 WERTZ RT, 1986, ARCH NEUROL-CHICAGO, V43, P653 Wilson B. A., 1985, RIVERMEAD BEHAV MEMO NR 21 TC 23 Z9 26 PU PSYCHOLOGY PRESS PI HOVE PA 27 CHURCH RD, HOVE BN3 2FA, EAST SUSSEX, ENGLAND SN 0268-7038 J9 APHASIOLOGY JI Aphasiology PD OCT-NOV PY 2005 VL 19 IS 10-11 SI SI BP 965 EP 974 DI 10.1080/02687030544000173 PG 10 WC Clinical Neurology SC Neurosciences & Neurology GA 990MJ UT WOS:000233747100007 ER PT J AU Basso, A AF Basso, A TI How intensive/prolonged should an intensive/prolonged treatment be? SO APHASIOLOGY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 41st Annual Meeting of the Academy-of-Aphasia/Aphasia Therapy Workshop CY OCT 21-23, 2003 CL Vienna, AUSTRIA SP Acad Aphasia ID APHASIC STROKE PATIENTS; SPEECH-THERAPY; LANGUAGE TREATMENT; RECOVERY; COMMUNICATION; METAANALYSIS; EFFICACY; REHABILITATION; DETERMINANTS; TRIAL AB Background: The issue of efficacy of aphasia therapy has long been debated and there is now convincing evidence that treatment is effective. More focused questions on aphasia therapy have also been addressed, although less frequently. This paper reviews the literature on the effect of intensity and duration of treatment. Aims: Data in the literature on intensity and duration of treatment are reviewed. Main Contribution: Positive and negative studies on treated and untreated patients are reconsidered and the length of treatments in the two groups is compared. Studies directly tackling the question of intensity/duration of therapy are briefly reported as well as the results of a meta-analysis. Improvement in three pairs of matched subjects, all treated for very long periods of time but with different intensity, is compared. Conclusions: Results clearly indicate that the number of therapy sessions is an important factor in recovery. Results of the meta-analysis support this Conclusion. There are also indications that when therapy is protracted for many months or even years with a very strict regimen (2-4 hours daily), aphasic subjects show clear improvement in their daily use of language and Communicative competence. C1 Univ Milan, Inst Neurol Sci, Milan, Italy. RP Basso, A (reprint author), Inst Neurol Sci Neurol, Via F Sforza 35, I-20122 Milan, Italy. EM anna.basso@fastwebnet.it CR Albert ML, 2003, STROKE, V34, P992 BASSO A, 1987, NEUROPSYCHOL REHABIL, P294 BASSO A, 1979, ARCH NEUROL-CHICAGO, V36, P190 BASSO A, 1975, REV NEUROL, V131, P607 Basso A, 2001, APHASIOLOGY, V15, P307, DOI 10.1080/02687040042000304 Bhogal SK, 2003, STROKE, V34, P987, DOI 10.1161/01.STR.0000062343.64383.D0 *BIRCH DAV ASS INC, 1997, STAT OF THE SCI MED, V1 BRINDLEY P, 1989, APHASIOLOGY, V3, P695, DOI 10.1080/02687038908249037 BYNG S, 1988, COGNITIVE NEUROPSYCH, V5, P629, DOI 10.1080/02643298808253277 DAVID R, 1982, J NEUROL NEUROSUR PS, V45, P957, DOI 10.1136/jnnp.45.11.957 Denes G, 1996, APHASIOLOGY, V10, P385, DOI 10.1080/02687039608248418 GLONING K, 1976, RECOVERY APHASICS, P57 Greener J., 1999, COCHRANE LIB HAGEN C, 1973, ARCH PHYS MED REHAB, V54, P454 HARTMAN J, 1987, ARCH NEUROL-CHICAGO, V44, P646 Hughes D., 2000, GENOME BIOL, V1, P00061 LEVITA E, 1978, PERCEPT MOTOR SKILL, V47, P151 LINCOLN NB, 1984, LANCET, V1, P1197 MARSHALL J, 1993, APHASIOLOGY, V7, P177, DOI 10.1080/02687039308249505 MARSHALL RC, 1982, FOLIA PHONIATR, V34, P305 MARSHALL RC, 1989, J SPEECH HEAR DISORD, V54, P462 MAZZONI M, 1995, APHASIOLOGY, V9, P553, DOI 10.1080/02687039508248714 MEIKLE M, 1979, BRIT MED J, V2, P87 Pedersen PM, 1996, ANN NEUROL, V40, P130, DOI 10.1002/ana.410400126 PEDERSEN PM, 1995, ANN NEUROL, V38, P659, DOI 10.1002/ana.410380416 PENN C, 1993, APHASIA TREATMENT WO, P25 PICKERSGILL MJ, 1983, J NEUROL NEUROSUR PS, V46, P130, DOI 10.1136/jnnp.46.2.130 POECK K, 1989, J SPEECH HEAR DISORD, V54, P471 PRINS RS, 1989, APPL PSYCHOLINGUIST, V10, P85, DOI 10.1017/S0142716400008432 Pulvermuller F, 2001, STROKE, V32, P1621 ROBEY RR, 1994, BRAIN LANG, V47, P582, DOI 10.1006/brln.1994.1060 Robey RR, 1998, J SPEECH LANG HEAR R, V41, P172 SHEWAN CM, 1984, BRAIN LANG, V23, P272, DOI 10.1016/0093-934X(84)90068-3 VIGNOLO LA, 1964, CORTEX, V1, P344 WERTZ RT, 1986, ARCH NEUROL-CHICAGO, V43, P653 Wertz RT, 1996, ANN NEUROL, V40, P129, DOI 10.1002/ana.410400125 WERTZ RT, 2003, SCI APHASIA THERAPY, P259, DOI 10.1016/B978-008044073-6/50018-3 WERTZ RT, 1981, J SPEECH HEAR RES, V24, P580 WHURR R, 1992, EUR J DISORDER COMM, V27, P1 NR 39 TC 26 Z9 29 PU PSYCHOLOGY PRESS PI HOVE PA 27 CHURCH RD, HOVE BN3 2FA, EAST SUSSEX, ENGLAND SN 0268-7038 J9 APHASIOLOGY JI Aphasiology PD OCT-NOV PY 2005 VL 19 IS 10-11 SI SI BP 975 EP 984 DI 10.1080/02687030544000182 PG 10 WC Clinical Neurology SC Neurosciences & Neurology GA 990MJ UT WOS:000233747100008 ER PT J AU Hillis, AE Heidler, J AF Hillis, AE Heidler, J TI Contributions and limitations of the cognitive neuropsychological approach to treatment: Illustrations from studies of reading and spelling therapy SO APHASIOLOGY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 41st Annual Meeting of the Academy-of-Aphasia/Aphasia Therapy Workshop CY OCT 21-23, 2003 CL Vienna, AUSTRIA SP Acad Aphasia ID PURE ALEXIA; SURFACE DYSGRAPHIA; NONFLUENT APHASIA; DEEP DYSLEXIA; REHABILITATION; REMEDIATION; DEFICITS; PHARMACOTHERAPY; BROMOCRIPTINE; AMPHETAMINE AB Background: Cognitive neuropsychological research is focused on improving the understanding of cognitive processes and representations underlying normal tasks such as reading and spelling, on the basis of impaired performance of these tasks after brain damage. Functional architectures of cognitive tasks developed through this approach have often assisted speech-language pathologists and other therapists in understanding the task to be treated, and in identifying the impaired and spared components of the task to be treated in each individual with brain damage. Aims: To review the benefits and limitations of this approach, focusing On illustrations from treatment of reading and spelling, and to provide ideas about how the limitations]night be addressed. Contributions: We provide examples that demonstrate how disruption of particular cognitive functions in the process of reading or spelling might be identified and rationally treated. Additionally, we provide some illustrations of how limitations of this approach might be addressed by considering evidence from cognitive neuroscience regarding neural mechanisms of recovery and learning. Conclusions: Insights from cognitive neuropsychology should be integrated with insights from neuroscience in developing rehabilitation strategies. C1 Johns Hopkins Univ, Baltimore, MD USA. RP Hillis, AE (reprint author), Johns Hopkins Univ Hosp, Dept Neurol, Phipps 126,600 N Wolfe St, Baltimore, MD 21287 USA. EM argye@JHMI.edu CR ALBERT ML, 1988, NEUROLOGY, V38, P877 ALIMINOSA D, 1993, APHASIOLOGY, V7, P55, DOI 10.1080/02687039308249499 BADDELEY A, 1993, NEUROPSYCHOL REHABIL, V3, P235, DOI 10.1080/09602019308401438 Beeson P. B., 2001, LANGUAGE INTERVENTIO, P572 Beeson P. M., 1998, APPROACHES TREATMENT, P153 Beeson P. M., 2002, HDB ADULT LANGUAGE D, P101 Beeson P. M., 1999, APHASIOLOGY, V13, P367 BERNDT RS, 1994, COGNITIVE NEUROPSYCH, P503 CARAMAZZA A, 1993, NEUROPSYCHOL REHABIL, V3, P217, DOI 10.1080/09602019308401437 Caramazza A., 1989, COGNITIVE APPROACHES, P383 Carlomagno S, 1994, COGNITIVE NEUROPSYCH, P485 CLARK ANG, 1979, J AM GERIATR SOC, V27, P174 DEPARTZ MP, 1992, COGNITIVE NEUROPSYCH, V9, P369, DOI 10.1080/02643299208252065 DEPARTZ MP, 1986, COGNITIVE NEUROPSYCH, V3, P149, DOI 10.1080/02643298608252674 Ellis A. W., 1988, HUMAN COGNITIVE NEUR Friedman RB, 1996, BRAIN LANG, V55, P116 Friedman RB, 2000, BRAIN LANG, V72, P219, DOI 10.1006/brln.2000.2286 Gonzalez Rothi L. J., 1992, CLIN COMMUNICATION D, V2, P11 GUPTA SR, 1992, ARCH PHYS MED REHAB, V73, P373, DOI 10.1016/0003-9993(92)90012-L Hillis A. E., 1991, CLIN APHASIOLOGY, V19, P255 Hillis A. E., 1994, LANGUAGE INTERVENTIO, P207 Hillis A. E., 1994, COGNITIVE NEUROPSYCH, P449 Hillis A. E., 2004, NEW COGNITIVE NEUROS Hillis A. E., 1987, CLIN APHASIOLOGY, P84 Hillis AE, 1998, J INT NEUROPSYCH SOC, V4, P648, DOI 10.1017/S135561779846613X HILLIS AE, 2002, HDB ADULT LANGUAGE D, P3 Hillis AE, 2002, HDB ADULT LANGUAGE D HILLIS AE, IN PRESS EFFECTIVENE HILLIS AE, 2001, LANGUAGE INTERVENTIO HILLIS AE, 1989, ARCH PHYS MED REHAB, V70, P632 HILLIS AE, 1993, APHASIOLOGY, V7, P5, DOI 10.1080/02687039308249497 Kiran S, 2003, J SPEECH LANG HEAR R, V46, P773, DOI 10.1044/1092-4388(2003/061) Kirkwood A, 1999, J NEUROSCI, V19, P1599 Maher LM, 1998, J INT NEUROPSYCH SOC, V4, P636 Martin N, 2004, APHASIOLOGY, V18, P867, DOI 10.1080/02687030444000390 Martin N, 2004, APHASIOLOGY, V18, P457, DOI 10.1080/02687030444000129 Mitchum C., 1994, COGNITIVE NEUROPSYCH, P317 MITCHUM C, 1988, ADV CLIN REHABILITAT, P160 MITCHUM CC, 1995, NEUROPSYCHOL REHABIL, V5, P1, DOI 10.1080/09602019508520173 NICKELS L, 1992, COGNITIVE NEUROPSYCH, V9, P155, DOI 10.1080/02643299208252057 PLAUT DC, 1993, COGNITIVE NEUROPSYCH, V10, P377, DOI 10.1080/02643299308253469 Plaut DC, 1996, BRAIN LANG, V52, P25, DOI 10.1006/brln.1996.0004 Rapp B., 2001, HDB COGNITIVE NEUROP Riddoch M.J., 1994, COGNITIVE NEUROPSYCH RIDDOCH MJ, 1994, COGNITIVE NEUROPSYCH, P1 SABE L, 1992, NEUROLOGY, V42, P1637 SCOTT C, 1989, APHASIOLOGY, V3, P301, DOI 10.1080/02687038908248996 SEKI K, 1995, NEUROPSYCHOLOGIA, V33, P595, DOI 10.1016/0028-3932(94)00138-F SERON T, 1989, COGNITIVE APPROACHES Shallice T., 1988, NEUROPSYCHOLOGY MENT Walker-Batson D, 2001, STROKE, V32, P2093, DOI 10.1161/hs0901.095720 Walker-Batson D, 2000, BRAIN LANG, V71, P252, DOI 10.1006/brln.1999.2262 Walker-Batson D, 1991, CLIN APHASIOLOGY, V21, P137 Weekes B, 1996, COGNITIVE NEUROPSYCH, V13, P277, DOI 10.1080/026432996382033 WILSON B, 1990, APPL COGNITIVE PSYCH, V4, P247, DOI 10.1002/acp.2350040403 Wilson BA, 1997, J INT NEUROPSYCH SOC, V3, P487 NR 56 TC 3 Z9 3 PU PSYCHOLOGY PRESS PI HOVE PA 27 CHURCH RD, HOVE BN3 2FA, EAST SUSSEX, ENGLAND SN 0268-7038 J9 APHASIOLOGY JI Aphasiology PD OCT-NOV PY 2005 VL 19 IS 10-11 SI SI BP 985 EP 993 DI 10.1080/02687030544000191 PG 9 WC Clinical Neurology SC Neurosciences & Neurology GA 990MJ UT WOS:000233747100009 ER PT J AU Rapp, B AF Rapp, B TI The relationship between treatment outcomes and the underlying cognitive deficit: Evidence from the remediation of acquired dysgraphia SO APHASIOLOGY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 41st Annual Meeting of the Academy-of-Aphasia/Aphasia Therapy Workshop CY OCT 21-23, 2003 CL Vienna, AUSTRIA SP Acad Aphasia ID SURFACE DYSGRAPHIA; APHASIA; THERAPY; MEMORY AB Background: It is unclear to what extent treatment outcomes are significantly influenced by the specific cognitive deficits that underlie an individual's language impairment. That is, it is not well understood if treatment benefits such as item-specific relearning, generalisation to untreated items, and long-term maintenance vary according to deficit type. Aims: The aim of this investigation was to look at the relationship between deficit type and responsiveness to treatment by examining the results of applying the same remediation protocol to individuals suffering from deficits affecting different components of the spelling process. Methods! & Procedures: Three adults with acquired dysgraphia were identified as suffering from deficits to either the orthographic lexicon or the graphemic buffer. They were administered the same spell-study-spell treatment protocol during bi-weekly sessions for periods of 7-11 weeks with periodic follow-up evaluations that continued for 40-112 weeks after the end of treatment. Outcomes & Results: All three individuals exhibited significant item-specific treatment benefits that were apparent even 40-112 weeks after the end of treatment. Furthermore, the individuals with the graphemic buffer deficits showed generalisation to untreated words, while the individual with the orthographic lexicon deficit showed an item-specific benefit merely from the repeated testing of words. Conclusions: The presence or absence of generalisation effects appears to be related to the nature of the underlying deficit, while the long-term stability of treatment benefits does not. C1 Johns Hopkins Univ, Dept Cognit Sci, Baltimore, MD 21218 USA. RP Rapp, B (reprint author), Johns Hopkins Univ, Dept Cognit Sci, Baltimore, MD 21218 USA. EM rapp@cogsci.jhu.edu CR ALIMINOSA D, 1993, APHASIOLOGY, V7, P55, DOI 10.1080/02687039308249499 Beeson P. M., 1999, APHASIOLOGY, V13, P367 BEESON PM, 2002, HDB ADULT LANGUAGE D BEESON PM, 1998, ANN CONV AM SPEECH L BEHRMANN M, 1987, COGN NEUROPSYCHOL, V4, P365, DOI 10.1080/02643298708252044 BEHRMANN M, 1992, COGNITIVE NEUROPSYCH, P327 CARAMAZZA A, 1988, ANNU REV NEUROSCI, V11, P395, DOI 10.1146/annurev.neuro.11.1.395 CARAMAZZA A, 1987, COGNITION, V26, P59, DOI 10.1016/0010-0277(87)90014-X Carlomagno S, 1994, COGNITIVE NEUROPSYCH, P485 Clausen NS, 2003, APHASIOLOGY, V17, P625, DOI 10.1080/02687030344000003 DEPARTZ MP, 1992, COGNITIVE NEUROPSYCH, V9, P369, DOI 10.1080/02643299208252065 Ellis A. W., 1989, READING WRITING DYSL Folk JR, 2002, COGN NEUROPSYCHOL, V19, P653, DOI 10.1080/02643290244000184 Francis WN, 1982, FREQUENCY ANAL ENGLI Goodman RA, 1985, J HOPKINS DYSGRAPHIA HATFIELD MF, 1976, RECOVERY APHASICS, P65 Hillis A. E., 1987, CLIN APHASIOLOGY, P84 HILLIS AE, 1989, ARCH PHYS MED REHAB, V70, P632 Martin N, 1999, INT J PSYCHOL, V34, P339 Martin N, 2004, APHASIOLOGY, V18, P457, DOI 10.1080/02687030444000129 MARTIN RC, 1994, J MEM LANG, V33, P83, DOI 10.1006/jmla.1994.1005 Rapp B, 2002, APHASIOLOGY, V16, P439, DOI 10.1080/02687030244000301 RAPP B, 2001, HDB NEUROPSYCHOLOGY, V2, P221 Rapp B, 2002, NEUROREPORT, V13, P207, DOI 10.1097/00001756-200202110-00007 Raymer AM, 2003, APHASIOLOGY, V17, P607, DOI 10.1080/02687030344000058 Robson J, 2001, INT J LANG COMM DIS, V36, P471, DOI 10.1080/13682820110089371 SERON X, 1980, J SPEECH HEAR DISORD, V45, P45 SNODGRASS JG, 1980, J EXP PSYCHOL-HUM L, V6, P174, DOI 10.1037/0278-7393.6.2.174 Wechsler D., 1987, WECHSLER MEMORY SCAL Weekes B, 1996, COGNITIVE NEUROPSYCH, V13, P277, DOI 10.1080/026432996382033 NR 30 TC 17 Z9 17 PU PSYCHOLOGY PRESS PI HOVE PA 27 CHURCH RD, HOVE BN3 2FA, EAST SUSSEX, ENGLAND SN 0268-7038 J9 APHASIOLOGY JI Aphasiology PD OCT-NOV PY 2005 VL 19 IS 10-11 SI SI BP 994 EP 1008 DI 10.1080/02687030544000209 PG 15 WC Clinical Neurology SC Neurosciences & Neurology GA 990MJ UT WOS:000233747100010 ER PT J AU Marshall, J Cairns, D AF Marshall, J Cairns, D TI Therapy for sentence processing problems in aphasia: Working on thinking for speaking SO APHASIOLOGY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 41st Annual Meeting of the Academy-of-Aphasia/Aphasia Therapy Workshop CY OCT 21-23, 2003 CL Vienna, AUSTRIA SP Acad Aphasia ID DISORDERS; DEFICITS; EVENT AB Background: There is evidence that language production requires specialised conceptual processes, or "thinking for speaking" (Slobin, 1996). These processes generate the pre-verbal message, which according to Levelt (1989, 1999) has propositional structure and perspective and is specifically adapted for the target language. Aims/Main Contribution: This paper presents evidence that thinking for speaking may be impaired in aphasia. Even when not impaired, its complexities may prevent people with aphasia from revealing grammatical competencies. This may explain why therapy often fails to bring about improvements in open speaking conditions, such as narrative, which impose heavy message-level demands. Conclusions: It is argued that, with some individuals, therapy should target thinking for speaking skills. Two therapy studies are reviewed that support this conclusion. C1 City Univ London, Dept Language & Commun Sci, London EC1V 0HB, England. RP Marshall, J (reprint author), City Univ London, Dept Language & Commun Sci, London EC1V 0HB, England. EM J.Marshall@city.ac.uk CR BERNSTEIN DS, 1995, INT J ROBUST NONLIN, V5, P1, DOI 10.1002/rnc.4590050102 BLACK M, 2000, SEMANTIC PROCESSING BROWN G, 1993, COMP HAEMATOL INT, V3, P1, DOI 10.1007/BF00394918 BYNG S, UNPUB MULTIPLE EVENT BYNG S, 1994, APHASIOLOGY, V8, P315, DOI 10.1080/02687039408248663 CAIRNS D, 2005, UNPUB EVENT PROCESSI Dean MP, 2005, APHASIOLOGY, V19, P521, DOI 10.1080/02687030544000001 DIPPER L, 1999, THESIS U COLL LONDON Druks J., 2000, OBJECT ACTION NAMING Garrett M., 1988, LINGUISTICS CAMBRIDG, VIII Hartsuiker RJ, 1998, BRAIN LANG, V62, P221, DOI 10.1006/brln.1997.1905 KAGAN A, 1995, TOPICS STROKE REHABI, V2, P5 Kagan A, 1998, APHASIOLOGY, V12, P816, DOI 10.1080/02687039808249575 Langacker R. W., 1991, FDN COGNITIVE GRAMMA, VII Langacker Ronald, 1987, FDN COGNITIVE GRAMMA, V1 LANGACKER RW, 1997, LANGUAGE CONCEPTUALI LEVELT W, 1989, SPEAKING INTENTION A Levelt W. J. M., 1999, NEUROCOGNITION LANGU LEVELT WJM, 1996, LANGUAGE SPACE LINEBARGER MC, 1983, COGNITION, V13, P361, DOI 10.1016/0010-0277(83)90015-X Linebarger MC, 2000, BRAIN LANG, V75, P416, DOI 10.1006/brln.2000.2378 Linebarger MC, 2004, COGN NEUROPSYCHOL, V21, P267, DOI 10.1080/02643290342000537 MARSHALL J, 1993, APHASIOLOGY, V7, P177, DOI 10.1080/02687039308249505 Marshall J., 1999, APHASIA THERAPY FILE Marshall J, 1998, BRAIN LANG, V63, P159, DOI 10.1006/brln.1998.1949 MARSHALL J, 1994, THESIS CITY U LONDON Nickels L, 2002, APHASIOLOGY, V16, P935, DOI 10.1080/02687030244000563 NICKELS L, 1991, BRIT J DISORD COMMUN, V26, P175 Pinker Steven, 1989, LEARNABILITY COGNITI POUND C, 2000, APHASIA THERAPIES LI Slobin Dan, 1996, RETHINKING LINGUISTI Thompson C., 2002, HDB ADULT LANGUAGE D Weinrich M, 1997, BRAIN LANG, V58, P327, DOI 10.1006/brln.1997.1759 Woll B., 1999, LINGUISTICS BRIT SIG NR 34 TC 9 Z9 10 PU PSYCHOLOGY PRESS PI HOVE PA 27 CHURCH RD, HOVE BN3 2FA, EAST SUSSEX, ENGLAND SN 0268-7038 J9 APHASIOLOGY JI Aphasiology PD OCT-NOV PY 2005 VL 19 IS 10-11 SI SI BP 1009 EP 1020 DI 10.1080/02687030544000218 PG 12 WC Clinical Neurology SC Neurosciences & Neurology GA 990MJ UT WOS:000233747100011 ER PT J AU Thompson, CK Shapiro, LP AF Thompson, CK Shapiro, LP TI Treating agrammatic aphasia within a linguistic framework: Treatment of Underlying Forms SO APHASIOLOGY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 41st Annual Meeting of the Academy-of-Aphasia/Aphasia Therapy Workshop CY OCT 21-23, 2003 CL Vienna, AUSTRIA SP Acad Aphasia ID VERB-ARGUMENT STRUCTURE; BRAIN-DAMAGED SUBJECTS; SENTENCE COMPREHENSION; LEXICAL ORGANIZATION; SYNTACTIC COMPLEXITY; MOVEMENT STRUCTURES; TREATMENT EFFICACY; WERNICKE APHASIA; WH-MOVEMENT; DEFICITS AB Background: Formal linguistic properties of sentences-both lexical, i.e., argument structure, and syntactic, i.e., movement-as well as what is known about normal and disordered sentence processing and production, were considered in the development of Treatment of Underlying Forms (TUF), a linguistic approach to treatment of sentence deficits in patients with agrammatic aphasia. TUF is focused on complex, non-canonical sentence Structures and operates on the premise that training underlying, abstract, properties of language will allow for effective generalisation to untrained structures that share similar linguistic properties, particularly those of lesser complexity. Aims: In this paper we summarise a series of studies focused oil examining the effects of TUF. Methods & Procedures: In each study, sentences selected for treatment and for generalisation analysis were controlled for their lexical and syntactic properties, with some structures related and others unrelated along theoretical lines. We use single-subject experimental designs-i.e., multiple baseline designs across participants and behaviours-to chart improvement in comprehension and production of both trained and untrained Structures. One structure was trained at a time, while untrained sentences were tested for generalisation. Participants included individuals with mild to moderately severe agrammatic, Broca's aphasia with characteristic deficits patterns. Outcomes & Results: Results of this work have shown that treatment improves the sentence types entered into treatment, that generalisation occurs to sentences which are linguistically related to those trained, and that treatment Results in changes in spontaneous discourse in most patients. Further, we have found that generalisation is enhanced when the direction of treatment is from more to less complex structures, a finding that led to the Complexity Account of Treatment Efficacy (CATE, Thompson, Shapiro, Kiran, & Sobecks, 2003). Finally, results of recent work showing that treatment appears to affect processing of trained sentences in real time and that treatment gains can be mapped onto the brain using functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) are discussed. Conclusions: These findings indicate that TUF is effective for treating sentence comprehension and production in patients who present with language deficit patterns like those seen in our patients. Patients receiving this treatment show strong generalisation effects to untrained language material. Given the Current healthcare climate, which limits the amount of treatment that aphasic patients receive following stroke, it is important that clinicians deliver treatment that results in optimal generalisation in the least amount of time possible. C1 Northwestern Univ, Dept Commun Sci & Disorders, Evanston, IL 60208 USA. San Diego State Univ, San Diego, CA 92182 USA. RP Thompson, CK (reprint author), Northwestern Univ, Dept Commun Sci & Disorders, 2240 Campus Dr, Evanston, IL 60208 USA. EM ckthom@northwestem.edu CR Archibald J., 1998, STUDIES 2 LANGUAGE A, V20, P189, DOI 10.1017/S0272263198002046 Ballard KJ, 1999, J SPEECH LANG HEAR R, V42, P690 Barlow JA, 2001, LINGUA, V111, P667, DOI 10.1016/S0024-3841(00)00043-7 Ben-Shachar M, 2003, PSYCHOL SCI, V14, P433, DOI 10.1111/1467-9280.01459 Chomsky N., 1991, PRINCIPLES PARAMETER Chomsky Noam, 1993, VIEW BUILDING 20 De Bleser R, 2003, J NEUROLINGUIST, V16, P213, DOI 10.1016/S0911-6044(02)00015-5 Dickey MW, 2004, BRAIN LANG, V88, P108, DOI 10.1016/S0093-934X(03)00283-9 ECKMAN FR, 1988, APPL LINGUIST, V9, P1, DOI 10.1093/applin/9.1.1 Gierut JA, 1998, J SPEECH LANG HEAR R, V41, pS85 Gierut JA, 2001, J SPEECH LANG HEAR R, V44, P886, DOI 10.1044/1092-4388(2001/071) Grodzinsky Y., 1995, BRAIN LANG, V51, P467 Jacobs BJ, 2000, J SPEECH LANG HEAR R, V43, P5 Jonkers R, 1998, APHASIOLOGY, V12, P245, DOI 10.1080/02687039808249453 Jonkers R, 1996, BRAIN LANG, V55, P37 KEGL J, 1995, BRAIN LANG, V50, P151, DOI 10.1006/brln.1995.1044 Kemmerer D, 2000, BRAIN LANG, V73, P347, DOI 10.1006/brln.2000.2311 Kertesz A., 1982, W APHASIA BATTERY Kim M, 2004, BRAIN LANG, V88, P1, DOI 10.1016/S0093-934X(03)00147-0 Kim M, 2000, BRAIN LANG, V74, P1, DOI 10.1006/brin.2000.2315 Kiran S, 2003, J SPEECH LANG HEAR R, V46, P773, DOI 10.1044/1092-4388(2003/061) Kiss K., 2000, GRAMMATICAL DISORDER, P123 KOOPMAN H, 1991, LINGUA, V85, P211, DOI 10.1016/0024-3841(91)90022-W Lee M, 2004, J NEUROLINGUIST, V17, P315, DOI 10.1016/S0911-6044(03)00062-9 Loverso FL, 1986, J REHABILITATION RES, V25, P47 Luzzatti C, 2002, BRAIN LANG, V81, P432, DOI 10.1006/brln.2001.2536 Maas E., 2002, APHASIOLOGY, V6, P609, DOI 10.1080/02687030244000266 Murray L, 2004, APHASIOLOGY, V18, P785, DOI 10.1080/02687030444000273 Schmidt RA, 1999, MOTOR CONTROL LEARNI Schwartz M. F., 1987, LANG COGNITIVE PROC, V2, P85, DOI 10.1080/01690968708406352 SCHWARTZ MF, 1994, APHASIOLOGY, V8, P19, DOI 10.1080/02687039408248639 SHAPIRO LP, 1989, J PSYCHOLINGUIST RES, V18, P223 SHAPIRO LP, IN PRESS BROCAS REGI SHAPIRO LP, 1987, COGNITION, V27, P219, DOI 10.1016/S0010-0277(87)80010-0 SHAPIRO LP, 1993, BRAIN LANG, V45, P423, DOI 10.1006/brln.1993.1053 SHAPIRO LP, 1993, J MEM LANG, V32, P96, DOI 10.1006/jmla.1993.1006 Swinney D., 1990, INFERENCES TEXT COMP TANNENHAUS MK, 1989, LANG COGNITIVE PROC, V4, P211 Thompson CK, 1998, J INT NEUROPSYCH SOC, V4, P661 Thompson C. K., 1995, BRAIN LANG, V51, P124 Thompson CK, 1996, BRAIN LANG, V52, P175, DOI 10.1006/brln.1996.0009 THOMPSON CK, 2005, UNPUB NW ASSESSMENT THOMPSON CK, 1994, CLIN APHASIOL, V22, P307 Thompson CK, 1997, J SPEECH LANG HEAR R, V40, P228 Thompson CK, 2000, BRAIN LANG, V74, P387 Thompson CK, 2003, J SPEECH LANG HEAR R, V46, P591, DOI 10.1044/1092-4388(2003/047) Thompson CK, 2001, LANGUAGE INTERVENTIO, p[605, 612] Thompson CK, 2003, J NEUROLINGUIST, V16, P151, DOI 10.1016/S0911-6044(02)00014-3 Thompson CK, 2004, BRAIN LANG, V91, P15, DOI 10.1016/j.bandl.2004.06.010 Thompson CK, 1997, APHASIOLOGY, V11, P473, DOI 10.1080/02687039708248485 THOMPSON CK, 1993, APHASIOLOGY, V7, P111, DOI 10.1080/02687039308249501 Trueswell JC, 1998, J MEM LANG, V39, P102, DOI 10.1006/jmla.1998.2565 WAMBAUGH JL, 1989, J SPEECH HEAR DISORD, V54, P509 YAO K, 1989, THESIS INDIANA U US ZURIF E, 1993, BRAIN LANG, V45, P448, DOI 10.1006/brln.1993.1054 NR 55 TC 29 Z9 29 PU PSYCHOLOGY PRESS PI HOVE PA 27 CHURCH RD, HOVE BN3 2FA, EAST SUSSEX, ENGLAND SN 0268-7038 J9 APHASIOLOGY JI Aphasiology PD OCT-NOV PY 2005 VL 19 IS 10-11 SI SI BP 1021 EP 1036 DI 10.1080/02687030544000227 PG 16 WC Clinical Neurology SC Neurosciences & Neurology GA 990MJ UT WOS:000233747100012 ER PT J AU Friedmann, N AF Friedmann, N TI Degrees of severity and recovery in agrammatism: Climbing up the syntactic tree SO APHASIOLOGY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 41st Annual Meeting of the Academy-of-Aphasia/Aphasia Therapy Workshop CY OCT 21-23, 2003 CL Vienna, AUSTRIA SP Acad Aphasia ID QUESTION PRODUCTION; INFLECTIONAL MORPHOLOGY; SENTENCE PRODUCTION; PRUNING HYPOTHESIS; APHASIA; MOVEMENT; AGREEMENT; LANGUAGE; ENGLISH; TENSE AB Background: Agrammatic aphasia impairs syntactic abilities in production and comprehension. The Tree Pruning Hypothesis (TPH) suggests that the syntactic deficit in production can be described in terms of inability to access the high nodes of the syntactic tree. Aims: The current study explored patterns of individual differences between individuals with agrammatic aphasia, and suggested a characterisation for different degrees of agrammatic severity using the syntactic tree. A second aim was to test the path of spontaneous recovery in agrammatic aphasia. Methods & Procedures: The first experiment tested 18 individuals with agrammatism: 16 were Hebrew speakers, and 2 were speakers of Palestinian Arabic. The syntactic ability of the participants was assessed with respect to three levels of the syntactic tree. To test the ability at the Agreement Phrase (AgrP) level, a task of agreement completion was used. To test the ability at the Tense Phrase (TP) level, a task of tense inflection completion was used. The ability at the highest level of the tree, the Complementiser Phrase (CP), was tested using elicitation tasks for two structures: Wh-questions and relative clauses. The second experiment tested the recovery of these four abilities over time in SB, an individual with agrammatism. starting 4.5 months post her brain injury until 18 months post-onset. Outcomes & Results: The main findings were that the variation between the performance of different individuals with agrammatism and degrees of agrammatic severity could be accounted for by different sites of pruning oil the syntactic tree. Severe agrammatism results from inability to access TP and the nodes above it, which impairs both tense inflection and CP-related abilities like the production of embedded sentences and Wh-questions. Milder agrammatism results from the inaccessibility of a higher node, CP, which causes a deficit to embedded sentences and Wh-questions, but leaves tense unimpaired. For both degrees of severity, agreement inflection was unimpaired. The second experiment showed that the spontaneous recovery of SB proceeded on the syntactic tree: the starting point was impairment in AgrP, TP, and CP, at the next stage AgrP recovered, and at the following stage TP recovered too. Conclusions: The results show that the syntactic tree is not only a useful too] for the characterisation of agrammatic aphasia at one point in time;, it can also account for individual differences as well as for degrees of agrammatic severity, and can describe stages of spontaneous recovery. A milder impairment, or improvement in agrammatism, manifests itself in the ability to access higher nodes of the syntactic tree. C1 Tel Aviv Univ, Sch Educ, IL-69978 Tel Aviv, Israel. RP Friedmann, N (reprint author), Tel Aviv Univ, Sch Educ, IL-69978 Tel Aviv, Israel. EM naamafr@post.tau.ac.il RI Friedmann, Naama/M-2688-2013 CR BATES EA, 1988, BRAIN LANG, V33, P323, DOI 10.1016/0093-934X(88)90072-7 Benedet MJ, 1998, CORTEX, V34, P309, DOI 10.1016/S0010-9452(08)70758-5 BERNDT RS, 1980, APPL PSYCHOLINGUIST, V1, P225, DOI 10.1017/S0142716400000552 Caplan D., 1985, AGRAMMATISM Chomsky N., 1995, MINIMALIST PROGRAM Crawford JR, 1998, CLIN NEUROPSYCHOL, V12, P482, DOI 10.1076/clin.12.4.482.7241 DEBLESER R, 1994, BRAIN LANG, V46, P21, DOI 10.1006/brln.1994.1002 FERREIRO SM, 2003, THESIS U AUTONOMA BA FREIDMANN N, IN PRESS THEORETICAL FRIEDMANN N, 2005, BROCAS REGION Friedmann N, 2003, J SPEECH LANG HEAR R, V46, P288, DOI 10.1044/1092-4388(2003/023) FRIEDMANN N, 1998, THESIS TEL AVIV U IS FRIEDMANN N, 2001, 2 SCI APH C GIENS FR FRIEDMANN N, 1998, BAFLA FRIEDMANNS BAT Friedmann N., 2000, GRAMMATICAL DISORDER, P152 Friedmann N, 2000, J NEUROLINGUIST, V13, P250 Friedmann N, 2001, J PSYCHOLINGUIST RES, V30, P71, DOI 10.1023/A:1005256224207 FRIEDMANN N, 1994, THESIS TEL AVIV U IS Friedmann N, 1997, BRAIN LANG, V56, P397, DOI 10.1006/brln.1997.1795 Friedmann N, 2002, BRAIN LANG, V80, P160, DOI 10.1006/brln.2001.2587 Goodglass H., 1976, STUDIES NEUROLINGUIS, V1, P237 GOODGLASS H, 1960, J SPEECH HEAR RES, V3, P257 Grodzinslcy Y., 1990, THEORETICAL PERSPECT Guttman L, 1944, AM SOCIOL REV, V9, P139, DOI 10.2307/2086306 HAGIWARA H, 1995, BRAIN LANG, V50, P92, DOI 10.1006/brln.1995.1041 Kolk H, 2000, BRAIN LANG, V74, P558 Menn L., 1990, AGRAMMATIC APHASIA C POLLOCK JY, 1989, LINGUIST INQ, V20, P365 Ruigendijk E, 2004, BRAIN LANG, V91, P116, DOI 10.1016/j.bandl.2004.06.060 Thompson CK, 1996, BRAIN LANG, V52, P175, DOI 10.1006/brln.1996.0009 THOMPSON CK, 1995, BRAIN LANG, V50, P201, DOI 10.1006/brln.1995.1045 THOMPSON CK, 1994, CLIN APHASIOL, V22, P307 Thompson CK, 1997, J SPEECH LANG HEAR R, V40, P228 Wenzlaff M, 2004, BRAIN LANG, V89, P57, DOI 10.1016/S0093-934X(03)00298-0 NR 34 TC 13 Z9 13 PU PSYCHOLOGY PRESS PI HOVE PA 27 CHURCH RD, HOVE BN3 2FA, EAST SUSSEX, ENGLAND SN 0268-7038 J9 APHASIOLOGY JI Aphasiology PD OCT-NOV PY 2005 VL 19 IS 10-11 SI SI BP 1037 EP 1051 DI 10.1080/02687030544000236 PG 15 WC Clinical Neurology SC Neurosciences & Neurology GA 990MJ UT WOS:000233747100013 ER PT J AU Nicholas, M Sinotte, MP Helm-Estabrooks, N AF Nicholas, M Sinotte, MP Helm-Estabrooks, N TI Using a computer to communicate: Effect of executive function impairments in people with severe aphasia SO APHASIOLOGY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 41st Annual Meeting of the Academy-of-Aphasia/Aphasia Therapy Workshop CY OCT 21-23, 2003 CL Vienna, AUSTRIA SP Acad Aphasia ID VISUAL COMMUNICATION; GLOBAL APHASIA; SYSTEM AB Background: Some individuals with severe non-fluent aphasia do not respond in a functional way to any form of communication therapy. Others show improved ability to communicate with treatment focused on alternative communication modalities such as drawing, gesturing, or using a computer. An important difference between these two patient groups may lie in their nonverbal executive function abilities. Executive functions refer to a range of cognitive abilities including goal formulation, planning, carrying out goal-directed plans, and monitoring the effects of actions. Aims: We aimed to determine whether individuals with severely restricted verbal output due to aphasia could significantly improve their functional communication skills by using an alternative communication computer program called C-Speak Aphasia. We examined several factors to determine how they related to individual patients' ability to communicate expressively using C-Speak Aphasia, including linguistic factors related to semantic processing and extent of executive system dysfunction. Methods and Procedures: Results from five patients who received at least 6 months of treatment to learn C-Speak Aphasia are presented. Communication skills on five untrained tasks were repeatedly probed throughout training to assess carryover of treatment effects. Response to treatment was then examined with respect to baseline measures of language and non-linguistic executive functioning. Outcomes and Results: Using C-Speak Aphasia three of the five participants communicated significantly more information on selected probe tasks than they did without the computer. Executive function skills were more relevant to treatment response than severity of aphasia or semantic knowledge. Subjects with more intact executive function skills responded better to treatment with this alternative communication method than subjects with relatively greater impairment in these skills. Conclusions: These results suggest that executive function impairments may underlie poor response to treatment of alternative modes of communication, and that non-linguistic measures of executive functioning should be part of every aphasia assessment when attempting to determine candidacy for certain types of treatment programmes. C1 MGH, Grad Program Commun Sci & Disorders, Inst Hlth Profess, Boston, MA 02129 USA. Boston Univ, Sch Med, Boston, MA 02118 USA. RP Nicholas, M (reprint author), MGH, Grad Program Commun Sci & Disorders, Inst Hlth Profess, Charlestown Navy Yard,36 1st Ave, Boston, MA 02129 USA. EM mlnicholas@mghihp.edu CR Goodglass H, 2000, BOSTON DIAGNOSTIC AP, V3rd HELMESTABROOKS N, 2000, COGNITIVE LINGUISTIC JOHANNSENHORBACH H, 1985, BRAIN LANG, V24, P74, DOI 10.1016/0093-934X(85)90098-7 *KING SOFTW DEV, 1997, SPEAK DYN PRO Koul R., 1998, AUGMENTATIVE ALTERNA, V14, P11, DOI 10.1080/07434619812331278166 Naeser MA, 1998, ARCH NEUROL-CHICAGO, V55, P1438, DOI 10.1001/archneur.55.11.1438 Nicholas M., 1998, C SPEAK APHASIA COMM NICHOLAS M, 1998, THESIS EMERSON COLL Purdy M., 2002, APHASIOLOGY, V16, P549, DOI 10.1080/02687030244000176 Purdy M., 1990, THESIS U CONNECTICUT, V53, P5164 Shelton JR, 1996, APHASIOLOGY, V10, P319, DOI 10.1080/02687039608248415 STEELE RD, 1992, APHASIOLOGY, V6, P185, DOI 10.1080/02687039208248590 STEELE RD, 1989, NEUROPSYCHOLOGIA, V27, P409, DOI 10.1016/0028-3932(89)90048-1 VANMOURIK M, 1992, APHASIOLOGY, V6, P491, DOI 10.1080/02687039208249486 WEINRICH M, 1989, APHASIOLOGY, V3, P501, DOI 10.1080/02687038908249018 WEINRICH M, 1989, BRAIN LANG, V36, P391, DOI 10.1016/0093-934X(89)90075-8 NR 16 TC 15 Z9 15 PU PSYCHOLOGY PRESS PI HOVE PA 27 CHURCH RD, HOVE BN3 2FA, EAST SUSSEX, ENGLAND SN 0268-7038 J9 APHASIOLOGY JI Aphasiology PD OCT-NOV PY 2005 VL 19 IS 10-11 SI SI BP 1052 EP 1065 DI 10.1080/02687030544000245 PG 14 WC Clinical Neurology SC Neurosciences & Neurology GA 990MJ UT WOS:000233747100014 ER PT J AU Ramsberger, G AF Ramsberger, G TI Achieving conversational success in aphasia by focusing on non-linguistic cognitive WIN: A potentially promising new approach SO APHASIOLOGY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 41st Annual Meeting of the Academy-of-Aphasia/Aphasia Therapy Workshop CY OCT 21-23, 2003 CL Vienna, AUSTRIA SP Acad Aphasia ID ATTENTION; REHABILITATION; DAMAGE AB Background: Recent reports from a variety of tabs have demonstrated that some patients with aphasia have concomitant non-linguistic cognitive compromises, especially in the area of attention/executive functions. Recent findings also suggest that attention/executive functions may play an important role in the conversational success of persons with aphasia. Aims: This paper provides a review of recent work being carried Out in a number of centres having to do with treatment of attention/executive function problems in persons with aphasia. Main Contribution: Although results of the studies reviewed herein must be interpreted with caution, there is growing support for the notion that attention/executive function skills in persons with aphasia are remediable, and that there is an important relationship between attention/executive function and functional communication in people with aphasia. The results suggest that treatment of attention/executive function in aphasia-even in people many years post-onset-may result in measurable changes in attention/executive function skills and in the transactional success of conversational communication. Conclusions: Of course further research must be completed in order to provide clinicians with adequate evidence for clinical decision making. However, this line of research represents a promising new direction in aphasia rehabilitation. C1 Univ Colorado, Dept Speech Language & Hearing Sci, Boulder, CO 80309 USA. RP Ramsberger, G (reprint author), Univ Colorado, Dept Speech Language & Hearing Sci, UCB 409, Boulder, CO 80309 USA. EM Gail.Ramsberger@colorado.edu CR Baddeley A, 1996, Q J EXP PSYCHOL-A, V49, P5 BLOMERT L, 1994, APHASIOLOGY, V8, P381, DOI 10.1080/02687039408248666 Bracy O. L., 1994, PSSCOGREHAB COMPUTER Chapey R, 2001, LANGUAGE INTERVENTIO CONNERS CK, 1990, CONNERS CONTINUOUS P Frattali C, 1995, AM SPEECH LANGUAGE H Gron G, 1998, PSYCHIAT RES, V80, P83, DOI 10.1016/S0165-1781(98)00053-5 Hardin K. H., 2004, CLIN APH C PARK CIT Heaton R. K., 1981, MANUAL WISCONSIN CAR Helm-Estabrooks N, 2000, BRAIN LANG, V74, P469 Helm-Estabrooks N., 1991, MANUAL APHASIA THERA HOLLAND A, 1988, DEEP S C COMM DIS BA Holland A. L., 1999, COMMUNICATION ACTIVI Kagan A, 1995, TOP STROKE REHABIL, V2, P15 LINCOLN NB, 2003, COCHRANE LIB Miyake A, 2000, COGNITIVE PSYCHOL, V41, P49, DOI 10.1006/cogp.1999.0734 Miyake Akira, 2000, Seminars in Speech and Language, V21, P169, DOI 10.1055/s-2000-7563 Park NW, 2001, NEUROPSYCHOLOGY, V15, P199, DOI 10.1037/0894-4105.15.2.199 Porch B. E., 1967, PORCH INDEX COMMUNIC Purdy M., 2002, APHASIOLOGY, V16, P549, DOI 10.1080/02687030244000176 RAMSBERGER G, 2002, AM SPEECH LANG HEAR RAMSBERGER G, 1994, SEMINARS SPEECH LANG, V1, P1 Ramsberger G, 2002, APHASIOLOGY, V16, P337, DOI 10.1080/02687040143000636 Regard M., 1981, THESIS U VICTORIA Reynolds CR, 2002, COMPREHENSIVE TRAIL Robertson IH, 1999, PSYCHOL BULL, V125, P544, DOI 10.1037/0033-2909.125.5.544 SANDFORD JA, 1995, MANUAL INTEGRATED VI SIMMONS N, 1987, CLIN APHASIOLOGY, V17, P106 Stroop JR, 1935, J EXP PSYCHOL, V18, P643, DOI 10.1037/0096-3445.121.1.15 Sturm W, 1997, NEUROPSYCHOL REHABIL, V7, P81, DOI 10.1080/713755526 Sturm W, 1991, NEUROPSYCHOL REHABIL, V1, P259, DOI 10.1080/09602019108402258 NR 31 TC 11 Z9 11 PU PSYCHOLOGY PRESS PI HOVE PA 27 CHURCH RD, HOVE BN3 2FA, EAST SUSSEX, ENGLAND SN 0268-7038 J9 APHASIOLOGY JI Aphasiology PD OCT-NOV PY 2005 VL 19 IS 10-11 SI SI BP 1066 EP 1073 DI 10.1080/02687030544000254 PG 8 WC Clinical Neurology SC Neurosciences & Neurology GA 990MJ UT WOS:000233747100015 ER PT J AU Stark, JA AF Stark, JA TI Analysing the language therapy process: The implicit role of learning and memory SO APHASIOLOGY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 41st Annual Meeting of the Academy-of-Aphasia/Aphasia Therapy Workshop CY OCT 21-23, 2003 CL Vienna, AUSTRIA SP Acad Aphasia ID APHASIC SUBJECTS; TERM-MEMORY; REHABILITATION; ACCESSIBILITY; REGENERATION; ERRORLESS; RECALL; CUES AB Background: Analysis of language recovery has focused primarily on the linguistic aspects of language therapy provided to people with aphasia. The preservation and influence of cognitive skills has been taken for granted, although factors such as memory, attention, and learning are fundamental to an understanding of the language rehabilitation process. Aims: The goals of this paper are to elucidate the ELA-syntax treatment protocol, which aims at ameliorating oral sentence production, and to demonstrate how significant gains in performance might be attributed to aspects of its structure and content, in particular, its use of verbal recall in the therapy procedure. Methods & Procedures: A qualitative analysis of the structure of a single ELA therapy session and data from a single-case study, TH, will be presented in support of the issues being addressed. Transcriptions of single therapy sessions from the beginning, middle, and end of the three protocols are analysed with particular emphasis on sentence recall, Outcomes & Results: From early on in language therapy, TH demonstrated a relatively good ability to recall, i.e., convey the content of the sentences worked on in therapy sessions. This performance contrasted with his poor initial spontaneous production of each sentence. TH's severe verb retrieval difficulties improved and the length of the sentences produced in therapy increased from an average of 5.25 to 10.0 words. A carryover to discourse and pragmatic-level tasks and to written sentence production is also observed. Conclusions: The use of "delay" and a form of personalised cueing appear to play a crucial role in facilitating the retrieval of information from memory for oral sentence production. Incorporating the task of recalling the content of a therapy session at the beginning of the next session and at the end of each session provides an immediate and repeated measure of a participant's learning abilities and his/her response to the ongoing therapy programme. It is postulated that this distinct feature of the treatment programme facilitates the use of language in everyday life. C1 Austrian Acad Sci, Dept Linguist & Commun Res, A-1030 Vienna, Austria. RP Stark, JA (reprint author), Austrian Acad Sci, Dept Linguist & Commun Res, Kegelgasse 27-1, A-1030 Vienna, Austria. EM jacqueline-ann.stark@univie.ac.at CR Anderson JR, 2000, LEARNING MEMORY INTE ANDREWES D, 2001, NEUROPSYCHOLOGY FRON BADDELEY A, 1993, NEUROPSYCHOL REHABIL, V3, P235, DOI 10.1080/09602019308401438 BERMAN M, 1967, J SPEECH HEAR DISORD, V32, P372 Bjork R A, 1994, METACOGNITION KNOWIN BLOMERT L, 1994, APHASIOLOGY, V8, P381, DOI 10.1080/02687039408248666 BOCK JK, 1985, COGNITION, V21, P47 BOCK K, 1987, J MEM LANG, V26, P119, DOI 10.1016/0749-596X(87)90120-3 Burgio F, 1997, NEUROPSYCHOLOGIA, V35, P759, DOI 10.1016/S0028-3932(97)00014-6 Byng S., 1995, TREATMENT APHASIA, P1 Byng S., 1993, APHASIA TREATMENT WO, P115 BYNG S, 1995, EUR J DISORDER COMM, V30, P303 Carson DH, 1968, CORTEX, V4, P92 CRAIK FIM, 1972, VERBAL LEARNING VERB, V11, P671 Craik FIM, 2002, MEMORY, V10, P305, DOI 10.1080/09658210244000135 Davis G, 1985, ADULT APHASIA REHABI ETTLINGE.G, 1970, NEUROPSYCHOLOGIA, V8, P465, DOI 10.1016/0028-3932(70)90042-4 Ferguson A, 1999, APHASIOLOGY, V13, P125, DOI 10.1080/026870399402244 Fillingham JK, 2003, NEUROPSYCHOL REHABIL, V13, P337, DOI 10.1080/09602010343000020 Freed D, 2004, APHASIOLOGY, V18, P743, DOI 10.1080/02687030444000246 FREED D, 1998, AM J SPEECH-LANG PAT, V4, P105 Freed DB, 1995, CLIN APHASIOL, V23, P227 Friedman RB, 2003, BRAIN LANG, V87, P181, DOI 10.1016/S0093-934X(03)00260-8 GOLPER LA, 1983, CLIN APHASIOLOGY, P52 Goodglass H, 1983, ASSESSMENT APHASIA R, V2nd Hatfield M. H., 1987, APHASIA THERAPY HORNER J, 1979, CLIN APHASIOLOGY, P101 Kaplan E, 1983, BOSTON NAMING TEST Lacey EH, 2004, BRAIN LANG, V91, P189, DOI 10.1016/j.bandl.2004.06.097 LESSER R, 1988, APHASIA, P346 LINEBAUGH C, 1977, CLIN APHASIOLOGY, P19 Lockhart RS, 2002, MEMORY, V10, P397, DOI 10.1080/09658210244000225 LOMBARDI L, 1992, J MEM LANG, V31, P713, DOI 10.1016/0749-596X(92)90036-W MANTYLA T, 1983, SCAND J PSYCHOL, V24, P303, DOI 10.1111/j.1467-9450.1983.tb00504.x MARSHALL RC, 1976, J SPEECH HEAR DISORD, V41, P444 MARSHALL RC, 1994, CLIN APHASIOL, V22, P335 Marshall RC, 2002, APHASIOLOGY, V16, P763, DOI 10.1080/02687030244000040 OBLER LK, 1979, UNPUB ACTION NAMING POTTER MC, 1990, J MEM LANG, V29, P633, DOI 10.1016/0749-596X(90)90042-X PRESCOTT TE, 1982, CLIN APHASIOLOGY, P178 RISSE GL, 1984, BRAIN, V107, P605, DOI 10.1093/brain/107.2.605 Robertson IH, 1999, PSYCHOL BULL, V125, P544, DOI 10.1037/0033-2909.125.5.544 STARK J, 2005, UNPUB RECOVERY LANGU Stark P, 2001, POPTRONICS, V2, P3 SULLIVAN MP, 1989, CLIN APHASIOLOGY, V18, P247 TULVING E, 1966, J VERB LEARN VERB BE, V5, P381, DOI 10.1016/S0022-5371(66)80048-8 NR 46 TC 5 Z9 6 PU PSYCHOLOGY PRESS PI HOVE PA 27 CHURCH RD, HOVE BN3 2FA, EAST SUSSEX, ENGLAND SN 0268-7038 J9 APHASIOLOGY JI Aphasiology PD OCT-NOV PY 2005 VL 19 IS 10-11 SI SI BP 1074 EP 1089 DI 10.1080/02687030544000263 PG 16 WC Clinical Neurology SC Neurosciences & Neurology GA 990MJ UT WOS:000233747100016 ER PT J AU Welbourne, SR Ralph, MAL AF Welbourne, SR Ralph, MAL TI Using computational, parallel distributed processing networks to model rehabilitation in patients with acquired dyslexia: An initial investigation SO APHASIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID HAVE-A-FUTURE; COGNITIVE-NEUROPSYCHOLOGY; CONNECTIONIST NETWORKS; ACQUISITION; INSIGHTS; RECOGNITION; PLASTICITY; ACTIVATION; SYSTEMS; MEMORY AB Background: Traditional cognitive neuropsychological models are good at diagnosing deficits but are limited when it comes to studying recovery and rehabilitation. Parallel distributed processing (PDP) models have more potential in this regard as they are dynamic and can actually learn. However, to date very little work has been done in using PDP models to study recovery and rehabilitation. Aims: This study seeks to demonstrate how a PDP model of acquired dyslexia can be extended to provide a computational framework that is capable of making predictions about the relative effectiveness of therapeutic interventions. Methods & Procedures: A replication of Plaut, McClelland, Seidenberg, and Patterson's (1996, simulation 2) model of word reading was trained and then damaged. This damaged network was then retrained in a number of different ways designed to model both natural (spontaneous) recovery and recovery that can be attributed to a specific therapeutic intervention. Outcomes & Results: Interventions that used regular words were more effective than interventions based on inconsistent words. Early intervention (during the period of spontaneous recovery) was more effective than late intervention. Conclusions: These results suggest that this technique has the potential to provide a useful input to the therapeutic arena. The potential opportunities for further work are discussed. C1 Univ Manchester, Sch Psychol Sci, Manchester M13 9PL, Lancs, England. RP Welbourne, SR (reprint author), Univ Manchester, Sch Psychol Sci, Oxford Rd, Manchester M13 9PL, Lancs, England. EM Stephen.R.Welbourne@man.ac.uk RI Lambon Ralph, Matthew/A-1695-2009 CR BADDELEY A, 1993, NEUROPSYCHOL REHABIL, V3, P235, DOI 10.1080/09602019308401438 Basso A, 2000, NEUROPSYCHOL REHABIL, V10, P219 BESNER D, 1990, PSYCHOL REV, V97, P432, DOI 10.1037/0033-295X.97.3.432 Buonomano DV, 1998, ANNU REV NEUROSCI, V21, P149, DOI 10.1146/annurev.neuro.21.1.149 BURTON AM, 1990, BRIT J PSYCHOL, V81, P361 CARAMAZZA A, 1993, NEUROPSYCHOL REHABIL, V3, P217, DOI 10.1080/09602019308401437 Coltheart M, 2004, COGN NEUROPSYCHOL, V21, P21, DOI 10.1080/02643290342000159 Coltheart M., 1989, COGNITIVE APPROACHES Dell GS, 2004, COGN NEUROPSYCHOL, V21, P27, DOI 10.1080/02643290342000168 Dell GS, 1997, PSYCHOL REV, V104, P801, DOI 10.1037/0033-295X.104.4.801 DEPARTZ MP, 1986, COGNITIVE NEUROPSYCH, V3, P149, DOI 10.1080/02643298608252674 Ellis AW, 2000, J EXP PSYCHOL LEARN, V26, P1103, DOI 10.1037/0278-7393.26.5.1103 GLUSHKO RJ, 1979, J EXP PSYCHOL HUMAN, V5, P674, DOI 10.1037//0096-1523.5.4.674 Harley TA, 2004, COGN NEUROPSYCHOL, V21, P3, DOI 10.1080/02643290342000131 Harm MW, 2004, PSYCHOL REV, V111, P662, DOI 10.1037/0033-295X.111.3.662 Harm MW, 1999, PSYCHOL REV, V106, P491, DOI 10.1037//0033-295X.106.3.491 Hinton G.E., 1986, PARALLEL DISTRIBUTED, V1, P282 Joanisse MF, 1999, P NATL ACAD SCI USA, V96, P7592, DOI 10.1073/pnas.96.13.7592 Kucera H., 1967, COMPUTATIONAL ANAL P MCCLELLAND JL, 1995, PSYCHOL REV, V102, P419, DOI 10.1037/0033-295X.102.3.419 McCloskey M, 2004, COGN NEUROPSYCHOL, V21, P37, DOI 10.1080/02643290342000186 Patterson K., 1989, PARALLEL DISTRIBUTED, P131 Patterson K., 1992, NEUROPSYCHOLOGIA, V3, P1024 PLAUT DC, 1993, COGNITIVE NEUROPSYCH, V10, P377, DOI 10.1080/02643299308253469 Plaut DC, 1996, PSYCHOL REV, V103, P56, DOI 10.1037/0033-295X.103.1.56 Plaut DC, 1996, BRAIN LANG, V52, P25, DOI 10.1006/brln.1996.0004 Ralph MAL, 2004, COGN NEUROPSYCHOL, V21, P31, DOI 10.1080/02643290342000177 Rogers TT, 2004, PSYCHOL REV, V111, P205, DOI 10.1037/0033-295X.111.1.205 Rumelhart D. E., 1986, PARALLEL DISTRIBUTED, V2, P216 SAFFRAN EM, 1982, BRIT J PSYCHOL, V73, P317 SEIDENBERG MS, 1989, PSYCHOL REV, V96, P523, DOI 10.1037/0033-295X.96.4.523 SERON X, 1989, COGNITIVE APPROACHES Shallice T, 2000, NEUROPSYCHOL REHABIL, V10, P209, DOI 10.1080/096020100389129 Welbourne SR, 2005, COGN AFFECT BEHAV NE, V5, P77, DOI 10.3758/CABN.5.1.77 Zevin JD, 2002, J MEM LANG, V47, P1, DOI 10.1006/jmla.2001.2834 NR 35 TC 11 Z9 11 PU PSYCHOLOGY PRESS PI HOVE PA 27 CHURCH RD, HOVE BN3 2FA, EAST SUSSEX, ENGLAND SN 0268-7038 J9 APHASIOLOGY JI Aphasiology PD SEP PY 2005 VL 19 IS 9 BP 789 EP 806 DI 10.1080/02687030500268811 PG 18 WC Clinical Neurology SC Neurosciences & Neurology GA 983PE UT WOS:000233243800001 ER PT J AU Odell, KH Wollack, JA Flynn, M AF Odell, KH Wollack, JA Flynn, M TI Functional outcomes in patients with right hemisphere brain damage SO APHASIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID UNILATERAL SPATIAL NEGLECT; STROKE REHABILITATION; INDEPENDENCE MEASURE; PREDICTING LENGTH; INPATIENT REHABILITATION; RESOURCE UTILIZATION; STAY; IMPAIRMENT; DISABILITY; COGNITION AB Background: In this era of accountability in health care, the need to document treatment-related changes in health status is critical. However, few studies report outcomes in people with right cerebral hemisphere damage (RHD). Aims: The objective of this study was to document, in a single population of patients with RHD, selected functional outcomes at the termination of inpatient treatment. Of particular interest were cognitive performance and its influence on motor and overall recovery. Methods & Procedures: Functional outcomes were retrospectively examined in 101 RHD patients, at discharge from an in-patient rehabilitation programme. The Functional Independence Measure (FIM; Center for Functional Assessment Research, 1993) was the measurement tool. The five outcomes examined were: final functional status, amount of gain, efficiency of gain, length of stay (LOS), and discharge placement. FIM scores, produced on an ordinal rating scale, were statistically transformed by the Rasch method (Rasch, 1960) to generate interval-level data for regression analyses. Outcomes & Results: Summary by outcomes: Gains were evident in cognitive and motor realms, with greater and more efficient improvement in the latter. Regression analysis indicated that final functional status was best predicted by age, initial motor severity (FIM motor score), and initial total cognitive severity (FIM cognitive scores); amount of gain was best predicted by age, evidence of previous neurological incident, and gender; efficiency of gain by initial cognitive item scores, initial motor severity (FIM score) and age; LOS by initial motor severity (FIM score); and discharge placement by age, marital status, and initial severity (FIM status). Major predictors tended to be age and the family of cognitive FIM scores, especially Problem Solving (PS). Memory and PS were the most challenging cognitive items for these patients, as indicated by scores on admission and discharge reflecting less than functional ability. A sizeable number of patients began and ended rehabilitation with functional levels of ability in comprehension, expression, and social interaction. Significant differences existed between patients with neglect and those without, but neglect was not a significant predictor of any outcome measure. Low initial cognitive FIM scores, presence of neglect, and older age were associated with poorer performance in motor and cognitive realms. Previous neurological episodes were negatively associated with amount of gain. Number of comorbidities was not statistically associated with outcomes. Conclusions: Initial severity levels and age were the most influential factors on these outcomes. The presence of neglect had a relatively minor impact on most outcomes. Performance on the cognitive items was less impaired than motor items, and registered less gain and less efficient gain than motor items, but did predict various final status and gain-related measurements in overall and motor realms. Analyses in this study revealed that the FIM scale is less sensitive to cognitive change than to motor change. C1 Meriter Hosp, Dept Speech Pathol, Madison, WI 53715 USA. Univ Wisconsin, Madison, WI USA. RP Odell, KH (reprint author), Meriter Hosp, Dept Speech Pathol, 202 S Brooks St, Madison, WI 53715 USA. EM wollack@chem.umn.edu CR *AM SPEECH LANG HE, 2003, WISC REH INP DAT 10 *AM SPEECH LANG HE, 1998, FUNCT COMM MEAS ANDRICH D, 1978, PSYCHOMETRIKA, V43, P561, DOI 10.1007/BF02293814 BOHANNON RW, 1994, STROKE, V25, P1295 Brosseau L, 1996, AM J PHYS MED REHAB, V75, P422, DOI 10.1097/00002060-199611000-00005 Cherney LR, 2001, ARCH PHYS MED REHAB, V82, P322, DOI 10.1053/apmr.2001.21511 *CTR FUNCT ASS RES, 1993, GUID UN DAT SET MED *DEP HLTH HUM SERV, 1994, INT CLASS DIS Diamond PT, 1996, AM J PHYS MED REHAB, V75, P40, DOI 10.1097/00002060-199601000-00011 DUNN OJ, 1961, J AM STAT ASSOC, V56, P52, DOI 10.2307/2282330 Fleming J, 1999, BRAIN INJURY, V13, P417 FOLSTEIN MF, 1975, J PSYCHIAT RES, V12, P189, DOI 10.1016/0022-3956(75)90026-6 Frattali Carol M., 1998, Seminars in Speech and Language, V19, P209, DOI 10.1055/s-2008-1064045 Frattali C. M., 1995, FUNCTIONAL ASSESSMEN GALSKI T, 1993, STROKE, V24, P1794 GRANGER CV, 1992, STROKE, V23, P978 GRANGER CV, 1993, AM J PHYS MED REHAB, V72, P84, DOI 10.1097/00002060-199304000-00005 Hajek VE, 1997, ARCH PHYS MED REHAB, V78, P1331, DOI 10.1016/S0003-9993(97)90306-3 Hall KM, 1996, J HEAD TRAUMA REHAB, V11, P27, DOI 10.1097/00001199-199610000-00004 Harvey RL, 1998, ARCH PHYS MED REHAB, V79, P1349, DOI 10.1016/S0003-9993(98)90226-X HEILMAN KM, 1993, CLIN NEUROPSYCHOLOGY, P455 HEINEMANN AW, 1994, ARCH PHYS MED REHAB, V75, P133 Heruti RJ, 2002, ARCH PHYS MED REHAB, V83, P742, DOI 10.1053/apmr.2002.32739 JONGBLOED L, 1986, STROKE, V17, P765 Katz N, 1999, ARCH PHYS MED REHAB, V80, P379, DOI 10.1016/S0003-9993(99)90273-3 Kinsella G, 1985, Int Rehabil Med, V7, P102 LEVIN HS, 1988, J NEUROL NEUROSUR PS, V51, P14, DOI 10.1136/jnnp.51.1.14 Liu MG, 1997, ARCH PHYS MED REHAB, V78, P166, DOI 10.1016/S0003-9993(97)90259-8 MacNeill SE, 1997, ARCH PHYS MED REHAB, V78, P755, DOI 10.1016/S0003-9993(97)90085-X MARUKI E, 1997, PARSCALE IRT ITEM AN MASTERS GN, 1982, PSYCHOMETRIKA, V47, P149, DOI 10.1007/BF02296272 Myers P. S., 1999, RIGHT HEMISPHERE DAM OCZKOWSKI WJ, 1993, ARCH PHYS MED REHAB, V74, P1291, DOI 10.1016/0003-9993(93)90081-K Odell KH, 1997, APHASIOLOGY, V11, P415, DOI 10.1080/02687039708248481 Paolucci S, 2001, ARCH PHYS MED REHAB, V82, P743, DOI 10.1053/apmr.2001.23191 Rasch G., 1960, PROBABILISTIC MODELS Ring H, 1997, ARCH PHYS MED REHAB, V78, P630, DOI 10.1016/S0003-9993(97)90429-9 RONDINELLI RD, 1991, ARCH PHYS MED REHAB, V72, P447 Roth EJ, 2002, STROKE, V33, P1845, DOI 10.1161/01.STR.000020122.30516.FF SCHUMAN JE, 1981, ARCH PHYS MED REHAB, V62, P612 Segalowitz SJ, 2000, BRAIN LANG, V71, P337, DOI 10.1006/brln.1999.2283 SHAFFER JP, 1986, J AM STAT ASSOC, V81, P826, DOI 10.2307/2289016 Squire L. R., 1992, NEUROPSYCHOLOGY MEMO Tompkins CA, 1995, RIGHT HEMISPHERE COM Tompkins Connie A., 1998, Seminars in Speech and Language, V19, P303, DOI 10.1055/s-2008-1064052 Ween JE, 1996, NEUROLOGY, V47, P388 World Health Organisation, 2001, INT CLASS FUNCT DIS NR 47 TC 2 Z9 2 PU PSYCHOLOGY PRESS PI HOVE PA 27 CHURCH RD, HOVE BN3 2FA, EAST SUSSEX, ENGLAND SN 0268-7038 J9 APHASIOLOGY JI Aphasiology PD SEP PY 2005 VL 19 IS 9 BP 807 EP 830 DI 10.1080/02687030500239226 PG 24 WC Clinical Neurology SC Neurosciences & Neurology GA 983PE UT WOS:000233243800002 ER PT J AU Abel, S Schultz, A Radermacher, I Willmes, K Huber, W AF Abel, S Schultz, A Radermacher, I Willmes, K Huber, W TI Decreasing and increasing cues in naming therapy for aphasia SO APHASIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID MEMORY-IMPAIRED PATIENTS; SEMANTIC TREATMENT; CUEING TREATMENTS; DEFICITS; DISORDERS; RETRIEVAL; GUIDELINES; SPEAKERS; ACCESS AB Background: Applying a hierarchy of cues is a well-established method in therapy for aphasic naming disorders (see overview in Nickels, 2002b; and Hillis & Caramazza, 1994; Wambaugh, 2003). Usually, cues are used in the increasing direction. Giving assistance as sparsely as possible, the naming of an individual item remains effortful which enhances the chance to recall it later on. But the high opportunity to make errors may be disadvantageous. As an alternative, the method of vanishing cues (see Glisky, 1992), which was designed for treatment of memory disorders, provides as much assistance as needed, thereby helping patients to avoid errors (see Riley & Heaton, 2000). Therefore, this method complies with "errorless learning" (see Baddeley & Wilson, 1994). It is favoured when amnesic patients have to learn new information. In aphasia therapy, the errorless learning procedure may be interesting for patients with severe naming disorders because it prevents them from producing frequent errors. Aims: The purpose of this study was to compare the effectiveness of increasing and vanishing cues for aphasic patients with naming disorders in a 4-week therapy programme. As patients may differ in the underlying mechanism of impairment, we expected a different therapy effect among and within patients. Furthermore, the importance of errorless learning should increase with severity of impairment because of error opportunity. Methods & Procedures: A total of 100 line drawings were selected and split into four sets of 25 items each. The sets were assigned to four conditions: control (no training), vanishing cue, increasing cue, and both-cue condition (training with both methods). Then 20 therapy sessions were ordered according to the alternating treatments design. During treatment, the patient's attempts to name a picture were assisted by a hierarchy of oral cues given by the therapist. Treatment methods differed in order of application but not in the type of cues used. Outcomes & Results: Cueing therapy in general was effective for 8 of 10 patients. Those patients with moderate naming disorders profited less than those with severe naming disorders. Both methods differed among and within patients. However, in contrast to our prediction, we found no patient who improved only under vanishing cues but several who showed positive effects with increasing cues alone or with both, increasing and vanishing cues. Conclusions: Unlike patients with amnesia, patients with aphasia do not seem to be troubled by their errors and may not require the vanishing cue method. C1 Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Univ Hosp, D-52074 Aachen, Germany. RP Huber, W (reprint author), Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Dept Neurol, Pauwelsstr 30, D-52074 Aachen, Germany. EM sabel@ukaachen.de CR ABEL S, 2005, THESIS AACHEN U TECH ABEL S, 2001, THESIS AACHEN U TECH BADDELEY A, 1994, NEUROPSYCHOLOGIA, V32, P53, DOI 10.1016/0028-3932(94)90068-X Baddeley A. D., 1999, ESSENTIALS HUMAN MEM COHEN R, 1979, STUDIEN SPRACHTHERAP, P350 DANZ U, 1997, FORUM LOGOPADIE, V5, P9 DAVIES PO, 1991, MAMM GENOME, V1, P235, DOI 10.1007/BF00352330 Dell GS, 1997, PSYCHOL REV, V104, P801, DOI 10.1037/0033-295X.104.4.801 Doesborgh SJC, 2004, STROKE, V35, P141, DOI 10.1161/01.STR.0000105460.52928.A6 Drew RL, 1999, J SPEECH LANG HEAR R, V42, P972 FILLINGHAM J, 2002, BAS BNS AUT M 3 4 OC Fillingham JK, 2003, NEUROPSYCHOL REHABIL, V13, P337, DOI 10.1080/09602010343000020 Frattali CM, 1997, MEASURING OUTCOMES S GARDINER JM, 1973, MEM COGNITION, V1, P213 GLISKY EL, 1986, J CLIN EXP NEUROPSYC, V8, P292, DOI 10.1080/01688638608401320 GLISKY EL, 1992, NEUROPSYCHOLOGIA, V30, P899, DOI 10.1016/0028-3932(92)90034-J GREENWALD ML, 1995, COGNITIVE NEUROPSYCH, P17 Hickin J, 2002, APHASIOLOGY, V16, P981, DOI 10.1080/02687030244000509 Hillis A. E., 1994, COGNITIVE NEUROPSYCH, P449 HOLM S, 1979, SCAND J STAT, V6, P65 HOWARD D, 1985, BRAIN, V108, P817 Howard D., 2000, ACQUIRED NEUROGENIC HOWARD D, 1985, COGNITIVE NEUROPSYCH, V2, P49, DOI 10.1080/02643298508252861 HOWARD D, 1984, COGNITIVE NEUROPSYCH, V1, P163, DOI 10.1080/02643298408252021 Howard D., 1987, APHASIA THERAPY HIST Huber W., 1985, PROGR APHASIOLOGY, P291 HUBER W, 1992, NEUROPSYCHOL REHABIL, P242 Huber W., 1983, AACHENER APHASIE TES Huber W., 1993, APHASIA TREATMENT WO, P55 LEVELT W, 1989, SPEAKING INTENTION A LI EC, 1987, J COMMUN DISORD, V20, P469, DOI 10.1016/0021-9924(87)90034-7 LI EC, 1989, APHASIOLOGY, V3, P619, DOI 10.1080/02687038908249028 MCREYNOLDS LV, 1988, SINGLE SUBJECT EXPT Miceli G, 1996, BRAIN LANG, V52, P150, DOI 10.1006/brln.1996.0008 MOTTAGHY FM, 1998, THESIS AACHEN TU Nettleton J., 1991, J NEUROLINGUIST, V6, P139, DOI 10.1016/0911-6044(91)90004-3 Nickels L, 2002, APHASIOLOGY, V16, P935, DOI 10.1080/02687030244000563 Nickels L, 1996, APHASIOLOGY, V10, P21, DOI 10.1080/02687039608248397 Nickels L, 2002, APHASIOLOGY, V16, P1047, DOI 10.1080/02687040143000618 PEASE D M, 1978, Cortex, V14, P178 RAPP B, 1993, COGNITIVE NEUROPSYCH, V10, P113, DOI 10.1080/02643299308253458 RAYMER AM, 1993, APHASIOLOGY, V7, P27, DOI 10.1080/02687039308249498 Riley GA, 2000, NEUROPSYCHOL REHABIL, V10, P133 RILEY GA, 1995, EDUC TRAIN MENT RET, V30, P231 SCHLENCK KJ, 1987, BRAIN LANG, V30, P226, DOI 10.1016/0093-934X(87)90100-3 Shallice T., 1988, NEUROPSYCHOLOGY MENT SHEWAN CM, 1994, LANGUAGE INTERVENTIO, P184 SNODGRASS JG, 1980, J EXP PSYCHOL-HUM L, V6, P174, DOI 10.1037/0278-7393.6.2.174 STIMLEY MA, 1991, BRAIN LANG, V41, P496, DOI 10.1016/0093-934X(91)90170-6 THONE A, 1999, NEUROREHABILITATION, P660 Wambaugh JL, 2001, APHASIOLOGY, V15, P933 Wambaugh JL, 2003, APHASIOLOGY, V17, P433, DOI 10.1080/02687030344000085 Wolery M., 1992, TEACHING STUDENTS MO NR 53 TC 25 Z9 25 PU PSYCHOLOGY PRESS PI HOVE PA 27 CHURCH RD, HOVE BN3 2FA, EAST SUSSEX, ENGLAND SN 0268-7038 J9 APHASIOLOGY JI Aphasiology PD SEP PY 2005 VL 19 IS 9 BP 831 EP 848 DI 10.1080/02687030500268902 PG 18 WC Clinical Neurology SC Neurosciences & Neurology GA 983PE UT WOS:000233243800003 ER PT J AU Kuroda, Y Kuroda, R AF Kuroda, Y Kuroda, R TI The relationship between verbal communication and observed psychological status in aphasia: Preliminary findings SO APHASIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID POSTSTROKE DEPRESSION; PSYCHOSOCIAL FACTORS; FREQUENCY; STROKE; REHABILITATION; ADJUSTMENT AB Background: Most aphasia therapists appear to assume that people with aphasia undergo psychological distress that is associated with communication problems. However, the relationship between aphasia and psychological status has not been sufficiently investigated. Aim: The aim of this study was to explore the relationship between verbal communication and psychological status in people with aphasia. Methods & Procedure: A total of 25 people with aphasia were assessed by the Observational Profile of Communication (OPC), the Questionnaire of Verbal Communication (QVC), and the Standard Language Test of Aphasia (SLTA). Two items of the OPC-Intetpersonal Attitude and Emotional State were used as measures of psychological status. Two domains of the QVC-Receptive Ability and Expressive Ability-were used as measures of verbal communication activity. The overall scoring system of the SLTA was used to rate the severity of aphasia. Correlations were calculated between the OPC and other variables, namely, Receptive Ability, Expressive Ability, the SLTA, age, and time since onset. The group effects of gender and aphasia type were examined. Outcome & Results: Interpersonal Attitude had a moderate and significant correlation with Receptive Ability, but not with Expressive Ability, the SLTA, age, and time since onset. Emotional State had moderate and significant correlations with the SLTA and time since onset, but not with Receptive Ability, Expressive Ability, and age. Gender and aphasia type did not have a significant relationship with the measures of psychological status. Conclusions: The relationship between verbal communication and psychological status was not straightforward in this small exploratory study. The severity of the communication problem in aphasic people does not necessarily appear to relate to psychological status. C1 Amakusa Daiichi Hosp, Kumamoto, Japan. Amakusa Jikei Hosp, Kumamoto, Japan. RP Kuroda, Y (reprint author), 2886-2 Hondobaba,Hondo Machi, Kumamoto 8630002, Japan. EM kuroda@athena.ocn.ne.jp CR ASTROM M, 1993, STROKE, V24, P976 Benson D F, 1973, Br J Psychiatry, V123, P555, DOI 10.1192/bjp.123.5.555 Benson F. D., 1979, APHASIA ALEXIA AGRAP BRUMFITT SM, 1989, APHASIA THERAPY, P89 Code Chris, 1999, Seminars in Speech and Language, V20, P19, DOI 10.1055/s-2008-1064006 Code C, 2003, NEUROPSYCHOL REHABIL, V13, P109, DOI 10.1080/09602010244000291 Gainotti G, 1997, APHASIOLOGY, V11, P635, DOI 10.1080/02687039708249412 Gainotti G, 1999, BRIT J PSYCHIAT, V175, P163, DOI 10.1192/bjp.175.2.163 Goodglass H, 1972, ASSESSMENT APHASIA R HASEGAWA T, 1977, STANDARD LANGUAGE TE Hasegawa T., 1984, HIGHER BRAIN FUNCTIO, V4, P638, DOI 10.2496/apr.4.638 Hemsley G, 1996, DISABIL REHABIL, V18, P567 HERRMANN M, 1989, APHASIOLOGY, V3, P513, DOI 10.1080/02687038908249019 HERRMANN M, 1993, J NEUROL NEUROSUR PS, V56, P672, DOI 10.1136/jnnp.56.6.672 Herrmann M, 1993, Disabil Rehabil, V15, P55 Kauhanen ML, 2000, CEREBROVASC DIS, V10, P455, DOI 10.1159/000016107 KURODA Y, 1996, SOGO REHABILITATION, V24, P253 KURODA Y, 2003, HIGHER BRAIN FUNCTIO, V23, P297, DOI 10.2496/hbfr.23.297 LEDORZE G, 1995, APHASIOLOGY, V9, P239 MULLER DJ, 1983, BRIT J DISORD COMMUN, V18, P23 OXENHAM D, 1995, APHASIOLOGY, V9, P477, DOI 10.1080/02687039508248710 Parr S., 1997, TALKING APHASIA Pohjasvaara T, 1998, STROKE, V29, P2311 ROBINSON RG, 1982, STROKE, V13, P635 ROBINSON RG, 1981, BRAIN LANG, V14, P282, DOI 10.1016/0093-934X(81)90080-8 SARNO JE, 1991, ACQUIRED APHASIA SARNO MT, 1993, APHASIOLOGY, V7, P321, DOI 10.1080/02687039308249514 Starkstein S. E., 1988, APHASIOLOGY, V2, P1, DOI 10.1080/02687038808248883 Tanner D. C., 1988, APHASIOLOGY, V7, P79, DOI 10.1080/02687038808248889 TATEISHI M, 1990, HIGHER BRAIN FUNCTIO, V10, P251, DOI 10.2496/apr.10.251 NR 30 TC 1 Z9 1 PU PSYCHOLOGY PRESS PI HOVE PA 27 CHURCH RD, HOVE BN3 2FA, EAST SUSSEX, ENGLAND SN 0268-7038 J9 APHASIOLOGY JI Aphasiology PD SEP PY 2005 VL 19 IS 9 BP 849 EP 859 DI 10.1080/02687030500225951 PG 11 WC Clinical Neurology SC Neurosciences & Neurology GA 983PE UT WOS:000233243800004 ER PT J AU Brennan, AD Worrall, LE McKenna, KT AF Brennan, AD Worrall, LE McKenna, KT TI The rellationship between specific features of aphasia-friendly written material and comprehension of written material for people with aphasia: An exploratory study SO APHASIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID READING-COMPREHENSION; PATIENT INFORMATION; WORKING-MEMORY; NORMAL ADULTS; ALEXIA; DISORDERS; STROKE AB Background: Written material is often inaccessible fro people with aphasia. The format of written material needs to be adapted to enable people with aphasia to read with understanding. Aims: This study aimed to further explore some issues raised in Rose, Worrall, and MacKenna (2003) concerning the effects of aphasia-friendly formats on the reading comprehension of people with aphasia. It was hypothesised that people with aphasia would comprehend significantly more paragraphs that were formatted in an aphasia-friendly manner than control paragraphs. This study also aimed to investigate if each single aspect of aphasia-friendly formatting (i.e., simplified vocabulary and syntax, large print, increased white spacem and pictures) used in isolation would result in increased comprehension compared to control paragraphs. Other aims were to compare the effect of aphasia-friendly fromatting with the effects of each single adaptation, and to investigate if the effects of aphasia-friendly formates were related to aphasia severity. Methods & Procedures: Participants with mild to moderately severe aphasia (N = 9) read a battery of 90 paragraphs and selected the best word of phrase from a choice of four to complete each paragraph. A linear mixed model (p < .05) was used to analyse the differences in reading comprehension with each paragraph fromat across three reading grade levels. Outcomes & Results: People with aphasia comprehended significantly more aphasia-friendly paragraphs than control paragraphs. They also comprehended significantly more paragraphs with each of the following single adaptations: simplified vocabulary and syntax, large ptint, and increased white spaces. Although people with aphasia tended to comprehend more paragraphs with pictures added than control paragraphs, this difference was not significant. No significant correlation between aphasia severity and the effect of aphasia-friendly formatting was found. Conclusion: This study supports the idea that aphasia-friendly formats increase the reading comprehension of people with aphasia. It suggests that adding pictures, particularly Clip Art pictures, may not significantly improve the reading the reading comprehension of people with aphasia. These findings have implications for all written communication with people with aphasia, both in the clinical setting and in the wider community. Applying these findings may enable people with aphasia to have equal access to written information and to participate in society. C1 Univ Queensland, Sch Hlth & Rehabil Sci, Commun Disabil Ageing Res Unit, Brisbane, Qld 4072, Australia. RP Worrall, LE (reprint author), Univ Queensland, Sch Hlth & Rehabil Sci, Commun Disabil Ageing Res Unit, Brisbane, Qld 4072, Australia. EM l.worrall@uq.edu.au RI Worrall, Linda/D-2579-2010 OI Worrall, Linda/0000-0002-3283-7038 CR ARTHUR VAM, 1995, J ADV NURS, V21, P1081, DOI 10.1046/j.1365-2648.1995.21061081.x Beeson PM, 1998, J INT NEUROPSYCH SOC, V4, P621 BUCHBINDER R, 2001, MED J AUSTRALIA, V174, P5775 CAPLAN D, 1985, COGNITION, V21, P117, DOI 10.1016/0010-0277(85)90048-4 Caspari I, 1998, BRAIN COGNITION, V37, P205, DOI 10.1006/brcg.1997.0970 Chiappe P, 2000, MEM COGNITION, V28, P8, DOI 10.3758/BF03211570 Davidson B, 2003, APHASIOLOGY, V17, P243, DOI 10.1080/02687030244000653 DEVLIN S, 2000, 9 INT APH REH C ROTT Egan J, 2004, APHASIOLOGY, V18, P265, DOI 10.1080/02687030344000562 ELMORENICHOLAS L, 1981, J SPEECH HEAR RES, V24, P292 Flesch R, 1948, J APPL PSYCHOL, V32, P221, DOI 10.1037/h0057532 GERMANI MJ, 1992, BRAIN LANG, V42, P308, DOI 10.1016/0093-934X(92)90103-L GRODZINSKY Y, 1993, BRAIN LANG, V45, P396, DOI 10.1006/brln.1993.1052 HOEHNER A, 1997, TEACHING EXCEPTIONAL, V29, P32 Kagan A, 2002, J COMMUN DISORD, V35, P153, DOI 10.1016/S0021-9924(02)00062-X Kertesz A., 1982, W APHASIA BATTERY KITCHING JB, 1990, J ROY SOC MED, V83, P298 Ley P, 1996, PSYCHOL HEALTH MED, V1, P7, DOI DOI 10.1080/13548509608400003 Lott SN, 1999, BRAIN LANG, V67, P188, DOI 10.1006/brln.1999.2054 Mayer JF, 2002, APHASIOLOGY, V16, P727, DOI 10.1080/02687030143000870 McCooey R., 2000, NEUROGENIC COMMUNICA, P295 MIYAKE A, 1994, COGNITIVE NEUROPSYCH, V11, P671, DOI 10.1080/02643299408251989 Monsell S., 1991, BASIC PROCESSES READ, P148 NICKELS L, 1995, EUR J DISORDER COMM, V30, P37 OWENS J, 2002, ACCESSIBLE INFORMATI Parr S., 1997, TALKING APHASIA LIVI PARR S, 1995, APHASIOLOGY, V9, P223, DOI 10.1080/02687039508248197 PARR S, 1992, APHASIOLOGY, V6, P273, DOI 10.1080/02687039208248597 PARR S, 1999, APHASIA HDB PICKERT JW, 1985, PATIENT EDUC COUNS, V7, P181 PIERCE RS, 1983, J COMMUN DISORD, V16, P181, DOI 10.1016/0021-9924(83)90032-1 POUND C, 2001, APHASIA THERAPIES LI Puskaric NJ, 1997, APHASIOLOGY, V11, P249, DOI 10.1080/02687039708248468 RIDDOCH J, 1994, COGNITIVE NEUROPSYCH Rose TA, 2003, APHASIOLOGY, V17, P947, DOI 10.1080/02687030344000319 Rosenbek J.C., 1989, APHASIA CLIN APPROAC Sacchett C, 1999, INT J LANG COMM DIS, V34, P265, DOI 10.1080/136828299247414 Simmons-Mackie N., 2000, NEUROGENIC COMMUNICA, P162 Thorburn L., 1995, AM J SPEECH-LANG PAT, V4, P174 THURSTONE T, 1999, READING UNDERSTANDIN WALLACE GL, 1985, J SPEECH HEAR DISORD, V50, P385 WALLER MR, 1978, J SPEECH HEAR RES, V21, P732 Waller R., 1987, EXECUTIVE CONTROL PR, P81 WardLonergan JM, 1995, EUR J DISORDER COMM, V30, P475 WEBB WG, 1987, TOP LANG DISORD, V8, P51 Wogalter MS, 2003, ERGONOMICS, V46, P327, DOI 10.1080/0014013021000048006 WOODS BT, 1974, NEUROPSYCHOLOGIA, V12, P31, DOI 10.1016/0028-3932(74)90024-4 World Health Organisation, 2001, INT CLASS FUNCT DIS NR 48 TC 31 Z9 31 PU PSYCHOLOGY PRESS PI HOVE PA 27 CHURCH RD, HOVE BN3 2FA, EAST SUSSEX, ENGLAND SN 0268-7038 J9 APHASIOLOGY JI Aphasiology PD AUG PY 2005 VL 19 IS 8 BP 693 EP 711 DI 10.1080/02687030444000958 PG 19 WC Clinical Neurology SC Neurosciences & Neurology GA 963NT UT WOS:000231811700001 ER PT J AU Martin, I McDonald, S AF Martin, I McDonald, S TI Evaluating the causes of impaired irony comprehension following traumatic brain injury SO APHASIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID CLOSED-HEAD-INJURY; PRAGMATIC LANGUAGE-SKILLS; FRONTAL-LOBE DAMAGE; STORY COMPREHENSION; LINGUISTIC HUMOR; MIND; COMMUNICATION; CHILDREN; AUTISM; ABILITY AB Background: Individuals with traumatic brain injury (TBI) are known to have difficulty in understanding non-literal language devices such as irony. There are at least two possible explanations for poor irony comprehension following TBI; first, deficits might be caused by a specific impairment to theory of mind (ToM) and, second, deficits could be attributed to more general impairment in executive functioning (EF). Aims: This study aimed to evaluate the role of ToM and EF in the ability to comprehend non-literal ironic jokes. Methods & Procedures: Participants were 16 individuals who had sustained a TBI and 16 age- and demographic-matched controls. The ability to make inferences about mental states was compared to inferential reasoning capacity more generally. Participants were also assessed on other aspects of EF thought to contribute to inference making (working memory, concept formation, and fluency). The extent to which scores on theses tasks were associated with participants' ability to comprehend ironic jokes was assessed using correlational and regression analyses. Outcomes & Results: Participants with TBI were significantly impaired on tasks measuring both ToM and EF. ToM was not significantly associated with irony comprehension. Instead, inferential reasoning, more broasdly defined, demonstrated the strongest association. None of the component EF tasks were associated with irony comprehension. Conclusion: The results of this study do not support the theory that a specific impairment to ToM causes poor irony comprehension in TBI. In contrast, general inferential reasoning was a strong and significant predictor. C1 Univ New S Wales, Sch Psychol, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia. RP McDonald, S (reprint author), Univ New S Wales, Sch Psychol, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia. EM s.mcdonald@unsw.edu.au RI McDonald, Skye/G-4118-2014 OI McDonald, Skye/0000-0003-0723-6094 CR Adamovich BLB, 1991, COGNITIVE REHABILITA Bach K., 1994, FDN SPEECH ACT THEOR, P267 Bara BG, 1997, BRAIN LANG, V59, P7, DOI 10.1006/brln.1997.1812 Bara BG, 2001, BRAIN LANG, V77, P72, DOI 10.1006/brln.2000.2430 BARONCOHEN S, 1994, BRIT J PSYCHIAT, V165, P640, DOI 10.1192/bjp.165.5.640 Bibby H, 2005, NEUROPSYCHOLOGIA, V43, P99, DOI 10.1016/j.neuropsychologia.2004.04.027 Braun C M, 1989, Brain Inj, V3, P345, DOI 10.3109/02699058909004559 Brownell H, 1998, RIGHT HEMISPHERE LANGUAGE COMPREHENSION, P309 Channon S, 2000, NEUROPSYCHOLOGIA, V38, P1006, DOI 10.1016/S0028-3932(99)00154-2 Courtin C, 1998, PSYCHOLOGICAL PERSPECTIVES ON DEAFNESS, VOL 2, P79 DAVIS HL, 1995, AUST J PSYCHOL, V47, P25, DOI 10.1080/00049539508258765 Dennis M, 2001, BRAIN LANG, V78, P1, DOI 10.1006/brln.2000.2431 DENNIS M, 1990, BRAIN LANG, V39, P428, DOI 10.1016/0093-934X(90)90149-B Dennis M, 2001, J AUTISM DEV DISORD, V31, P47, DOI 10.1023/A:1005661613288 Docking K, 2000, BRAIN INJURY, V14, P89, DOI 10.1080/026990500120952 Docking K, 1999, BRAIN INJURY, V13, P953 Duncan J, 1996, COGNITIVE PSYCHOL, V30, P257, DOI 10.1006/cogp.1996.0008 DUNCAN J, 1986, COGNITIVE NEUROPSYCH, V3, P271, DOI 10.1080/02643298608253360 FLETCHER PC, 1995, COGNITION, V57, P109, DOI 10.1016/0010-0277(95)00692-R Gibbs RW, 1999, BRAIN LANG, V68, P466, DOI 10.1006/brln.1999.2123 GOEL V, 1995, NEUROREPORT, V6, P1741, DOI 10.1097/00001756-199509000-00009 Gordon ACL, 1998, J EXP CHILD PSYCHOL, V68, P70, DOI 10.1006/jecp.1997.2423 Grattan LM, 1989, NEUROPSYCHOLOGY, V3, P175, DOI 10.1037//0894-4105.3.3.175 Grice H. P., 1975, SYNTAX SEMANTICS, P41, DOI DOI 10.1017/S0022226700005296 Happe F, 1999, COGNITION, V70, P211, DOI 10.1016/S0010-0277(99)00005-0 HAPPE FGE, 1993, COGNITION, V48, P101, DOI 10.1016/0010-0277(93)90026-R HARTLEY L L, 1992, Brain Injury, V6, P271, DOI 10.3109/02699059209029669 HAVERKATE H, 1990, J PRAGMATICS, V14, P77, DOI 10.1016/0378-2166(90)90065-L JANOWSKY JS, 1989, NEUROPSYCHOLOGIA, V27, P1043, DOI 10.1016/0028-3932(89)90184-X HARTLEY L L, 1991, Brain Injury, V5, P267, DOI 10.3109/02699059109008097 Joanette Y., 1990, DISCOURSE ABILITY BR Kasher A., 1998, PRAGMATICS CRITICAL, VIV, P712 Keenan T, 1998, NEW ZEAL J PSYCHOL, V27, P36 LEVINE MJ, 1993, BRAIN INJURY, V7, P153, DOI 10.3109/02699059309008169 Levinson Stephen C., 1983, PRAGMATICS LEZAK MD, 1995, NEUROPSYCHOLOGICAL A MARTIN I, 2004, J AUTISM DEV DISORD, V3, P311 MCDONALD S, 2003, NEUROPSYCHOL REHABIL, V14, P285 MCDONALD S, 1993, BRAIN LANG, V44, P28, DOI 10.1006/brln.1993.1003 McDonald S, 1996, BRAIN LANG, V53, P81, DOI 10.1006/brln.1996.0038 MCDONALD S, 1993, J HEAD TRAUMA REHAB, V18, P219 McDonald S, 2004, NEUROPSYCHOLOGY, V18, P572, DOI 10.1037/0894-4105.18.3.572 MCDONALD S, 1992, APPL PSYCHOLINGUIST, V13, P295, DOI 10.1017/S0142716400005658 MCDONALD S, 1993, COGNITIVE NEUROPSYCH, V10, P297, DOI 10.1080/02643299308253466 MENNEL HD, 1997, SEVERE HEAD INJURIES, P19 Pearce S, 1998, BRAIN COGNITION, V38, P150, DOI 10.1006/brcg.1998.1018 Perkins MR, 1998, J PRAGMATICS, V29, P291, DOI 10.1016/S0378-2166(97)00055-6 Peterson CC, 1999, PSYCHOL SCI, V10, P126, DOI 10.1111/1467-9280.00119 Peterson CC, 2000, MIND LANG, V15, P123, DOI 10.1111/1468-0017.00126 PRIGATANO GP, 1986, NEUROPSYCHOGICAL REH Russell J., 1997, AUTISM EXECUTIVE DIS, P256 Russell J, 1999, J CHILD PSYCHOL PSYC, V40, P859, DOI 10.1017/S0021963099004229 Russell J., 1997, AUTISM EXECUTIVE DIS SANTORO J, 1994, BRAIN INJURY, V8, P265, DOI 10.3109/02699059409150978 SPERBER D, 1987, BEHAV BRAIN SCI, V10, P697 SPERBER D, 1984, J EXP PSYCHOL GEN, V113, P130, DOI 10.1037//0096-3445.113.1.130 Sperber D., 1986, RELEVANCE COMMUNICAT Spreen O., 1998, COMPENDIUM NEUROPSYC STUSS DT, 1993, DEMENTIA, V4, P220, DOI 10.1159/000107326 SULLIVAN K, 1995, BRIT J DEV PSYCHOL, V13, P191 Turkstra LS, 1996, BRAIN INJURY, V10, P329, DOI 10.1080/026990596124359 VILKKI J, 1992, J CLIN EXP NEUROPSYC, V14, P518, DOI 10.1080/01688639208402841 Walsh K, 1985, UNDERSTANDING BRAIN Wechsler D., 1997, WAIS 3 ADM SCORING M WINNER E, 1991, BRIT J DEV PSYCHOL, V9, P257 Winner E, 1998, BRAIN LANG, V62, P89, DOI 10.1006/brln.1997.1889 NR 66 TC 28 Z9 30 PU PSYCHOLOGY PRESS PI HOVE PA 27 CHURCH RD, HOVE BN3 2FA, EAST SUSSEX, ENGLAND SN 0268-7038 J9 APHASIOLOGY JI Aphasiology PD AUG PY 2005 VL 19 IS 8 BP 712 EP 730 DI 10.1080/0268870305500172203 PG 19 WC Clinical Neurology SC Neurosciences & Neurology GA 963NT UT WOS:000231811700002 ER PT J AU Brady, M Armstrong, L Mackenzie, C AF Brady, M Armstrong, L Mackenzie, C TI Further evidence on topic use following right hemisphere brain damage: Procedural and descriptive discourse SO APHASIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID ADULTS; APHASIA; VARIABLES AB Background: Ina previous report of topic use in semi-structured conversations (Brady, Mackenzie, & Armstrong, 2003), we did not find the often-described gross topic deficit in participants with right hemisphere brain damage (RHBD) when compared to non-brain-damaged participants (NBD). discourse genre is known to affect the production of discourse, to topic use was further explored in this population using procedural discourse and picture description tasks. Aims: To explore topic coherence and management in procedural and descriptive discourse in individuals with RHBD as a result of stroke. Methods & Procedures: Four discourse samples (three procedural and one picture description) were elicited from 17 individuals with RHBD at 1 and 6 month post-stroke and from a matched NBD group of 51. The samples were transcribed and analysed in terms of topic coherence and management. T-tests were used to compare the groups on a variety of measures of topic use. Intra-rater, inter-rater, and test-retest reliability were evaluated. Outcomes & Results: As in our study of topic use in semi-structured conversations, no widespread or consistent difference between NBD and RHBD individuals was indicated in their procedural and descriptive discourse data. Some differences in subdivision of topic structure and in the use of fillersmaybe worth of further exploration. There was no notable task effect. Conclusions: Again there is little support inour data for the perception that, as a group, people with RHBD experience significant topic use deficits. Over seven discourse tasks, including semi-structured conversation, procedures, and picture description, no consistent topic use deficit was noted among the individuals with RHBD in our analyses. Reasons for this apparent lack of difference.difficulty are discussed. Clinical implications and some indications for possible further experimental study in the area of topic use in people with RHBD post-stroke are described. C1 Glasgow Caledonian Univ, Midwifery & Allied Hlth Prof Res Unit, Glasgow G4 0BA, Lanark, Scotland. Univ Strathclyde, Glasgow, Lanark, Scotland. RP Brady, M (reprint author), Glasgow Caledonian Univ, Midwifery & Allied Hlth Prof Res Unit, Fac Hlth Bldg,Cowcaddens Rd, Glasgow G4 0BA, Lanark, Scotland. EM m.brady@gcal.ac.uk CR Armstrong E., 2002, APHASIOLOGY, V16, P647, DOI 10.1080/02687030244000112 Benton E, 1996, INT J REHABIL RES, V19, P47, DOI 10.1097/00004356-199603000-00005 Blake M. L., 2002, APHASIOLOGY, V16, P537, DOI 10.1080/02687030244000194 BRADY M, 2005, UNPUB PICTURE DESCRI Brady M, 2003, APHASIOLOGY, V17, P881, DOI 10.1080/02687030344000292 CORREIA L, 1990, J SPEECH HEAR DISORD, V55, P713 Duong A, 2003, BRAIN COGNITION, V53, P177, DOI 10.1016/S0278-2626(03)00104-0 Goodglass H, 2001, BOSTON DIAGNOSTIC AP, V3rd Hux K, 1997, J COMMUN DISORD, V30, P133, DOI 10.1016/S0021-9924(96)00060-3 Joanette Y., 1990, RIGHT HEMISPHERE VER Lehman MT, 2000, APHASIOLOGY, V14, P485 LI EC, 1996, J SPEECH LANGUAGE PA, V20, P180 LI EC, 1995, J COMMUN DISORD, V28, P39, DOI 10.1016/0021-9924(95)91023-Z Mackenzie C, 2001, ADV SPEECH LANGUAGE, V3, P81 MACKENZIE C, 1997, UNPUB RIGHT HEMISPHE Myers P. S., 1999, RIGHT HEMISPHERE DAM Myers PS, 1996, J SPEECH HEAR RES, V39, P870 Myers PS, 2001, APHASIOLOGY, V15, P913, DOI 10.1080/02687040143000285 Orange JB, 1998, J NEUROLINGUIST, V11, P153, DOI 10.1016/S0911-6044(98)00011-6 MENTIS M, 1991, J SPEECH HEAR RES, V34, P583 ROMAN M, 1987, BRAIN LANG, V31, P151, DOI 10.1016/0093-934X(87)90066-6 SHADDEN BB, 1991, CLIN APHASIOLOGY, V20, P327 Togher L, 2001, J COMMUN DISORD, V34, P131, DOI 10.1016/S0021-9924(00)00045-9 Tompkins CA, 2000, J SPEECH LANG HEAR R, V43, P62 Tompkins CA, 1995, RIGHT HEMISPHERE COM Ulatowska H. K., 1990, DISCOURSE ABILITY BR, P180 ULATOWSKA HK, 1981, BRAIN LANG, V13, P345, DOI 10.1016/0093-934X(81)90100-0 Wallace Gloriajean L., 1999, Seminars in Speech and Language, V20, P343, DOI 10.1055/s-2008-1064028 NR 28 TC 9 Z9 9 PU PSYCHOLOGY PRESS PI HOVE PA 27 CHURCH RD, HOVE BN3 2FA, EAST SUSSEX, ENGLAND SN 0268-7038 J9 APHASIOLOGY JI Aphasiology PD AUG PY 2005 VL 19 IS 8 BP 731 EP 747 DI 10.1080/02687030500141430 PG 17 WC Clinical Neurology SC Neurosciences & Neurology GA 963NT UT WOS:000231811700003 ER PT J AU Webster, J Morris, J Franklin, S AF Webster, J Morris, J Franklin, S TI Effects of therapy targeted at verb retrieval and the realisation of the predicate argument structure: A case study SO APHASIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID SENTENCE PRODUCTION; APHASIA; AGRAMMATISM; NOUNS; BRAIN AB Background: Verb retrieval and sentence production difficulties are both common features of aphasia. Previous treatment studies have focused predominantly on verb retrieval and the mapping of semantic and syntactic structure. There have been more limited investigations of the production of the predicate argument structure (PAS). Aims: This study aimed to evaluate the outcome of intensive therapy for a client with a aphasia. NS had multiple and interacting difficulties that resulted in problems in producing sentences. Therapy aimed to improve his sentence production by: (a) improving the retrieval of verbs, (b) increasing his awareness of the relationship between nouns and verbs, and (c) improving his production of one-, two-, and three-argument structures. The therapy thus targeted access to PAS information and PAS production as well as verb retrieval. Methods and Procedures: A period of intensive therapy, based around a set of 48 self-selected verbs, was preceded and followed by detailed assessment of NS's single word and sentence production and comprehension. Outcomes & Results: Therapy resulted in a significant improvement in NS's retrieval of the verbs involved in treatment but no generalisation to other verbs. His production of sentences showed more widespread changes. He produced more nouns within sentences, omitted fewer obligatory arguments, and produced a greater variety of argument structures in connected speech. Conclusions: Therapy resulted in a greater awareness of the need for a verb within a sentence and a strategy for producing the argument structure frame around that verb. Improved sentence production was therefore seen, although verb retrieval difficulties were still evident. The study replicates previous research that verb and sentence production difficulties can be treated effectively in people with aphasia. The effects of therapy on sentence production in constarined tasks and narrative speech are discussed. C1 Univ Newcastle Upon Tyne, Speech & Language Sci, Newcastle Upon Tyne NE1 7RU, Tyne & Wear, England. Univ Limerick, Limerick, Ireland. RP Webster, J (reprint author), Univ Newcastle Upon Tyne, Speech & Language Sci, King George 6 Bdg,Queen Victoria Rd, Newcastle Upon Tyne NE1 7RU, Tyne & Wear, England. EM janet.webster@ncl.ac.uk RI Franklin, Sue/F-9775-2011 CR Baayen R. H., 1995, CELEX LEXICAL DATABA Berndt RS, 1997, CORTEX, V33, P99 Berndt RS, 1997, BRAIN LANG, V56, P107 Berndt RS, 1997, BRAIN LANG, V56, P68 Bird H, 2000, BRAIN LANG, V72, P246, DOI 10.1006/brln.2000.2292 Bishop DVM, 1983, TEST RECEPTION GRAMM BYNG S, 1989, APHASIOLOGY, V3, P241, DOI 10.1080/02687038908248993 CARAMAZZA A, 1991, NATURE, V349, P788, DOI 10.1038/349788a0 Fink R. B., 1992, CLIN APHASIOLOGY, V21, P263 Haendiges AN, 1996, BRAIN LANG, V52, P276, DOI 10.1006/brln.1996.0011 JONES EV, 1986, BRIT J DISORD COMMUN, V21, P63 LEVELT W, 1989, SPEAKING INTENTION A MARSHALL J, 1993, APHASIOLOGY, V7, P177, DOI 10.1080/02687039308249505 Marshall J, 1998, BRAIN LANG, V63, P159, DOI 10.1006/brln.1998.1949 MICELI G, 1984, CORTEX, V20, P207 Mitchum C. C., 1994, COGNITIVE NEUROPSYCH Mitchum CC, 2000, NEUROPSYCHOL REHABIL, V10, P311 Murray LL, 2000, APHASIOLOGY, V14, P585 NICKELS L, 1994, COGNITIVE NEUROPSYCH, V11, P289, DOI 10.1080/02643299408251977 Raymer AM, 2002, APHASIOLOGY, V16, P1031, DOI 10.1080/026870401430000609 ReichmanNovak S, 1997, BRAIN LANG, V60, P102 SAFFRAN EM, 1989, BRAIN LANG, V37, P440, DOI 10.1016/0093-934X(89)90030-8 SAFFRAN EM, 1980, LANGUAGE PRODUCTION SCHWARTZ MF, 1995, NEUROPSYCHOL REHABIL, V5, P93, DOI 10.1080/09602019508520177 SCHWARTZ MF, 1987, COGNITIVE NEUROPSYCH Swinburn K., 2004, COMPREHENSIVE APHASI Thompson CK, 1997, APHASIOLOGY, V11, P473, DOI 10.1080/02687039708248485 Webster J, 2004, APHASIOLOGY, V18, P47, DOI 10.1080/02687030344000481 Webster J, 2001, BRAIN LANG, V78, P197, DOI 10.1006/brln.2001.2460 Webster J., 2000, VAN VERB NOUN TEST WEBSTER J, IN PRESS APHASIA THE, V2 WHITWORTH A, 1996, THEMATIC ROLES PRODU ZINGESER LB, 1990, BRAIN LANG, V39, P14, DOI 10.1016/0093-934X(90)90002-X NR 33 TC 32 Z9 33 PU PSYCHOLOGY PRESS PI HOVE PA 27 CHURCH RD, HOVE BN3 2FA, EAST SUSSEX, ENGLAND SN 0268-7038 J9 APHASIOLOGY JI Aphasiology PD AUG PY 2005 VL 19 IS 8 BP 748 EP 764 DI 10.1080/02687030500166957 PG 17 WC Clinical Neurology SC Neurosciences & Neurology GA 963NT UT WOS:000231811700004 ER PT J AU Hinckley, JJ AF Hinckley, JJ TI The piano lesson: An autoethnography about changing clinical paradigms in aphasia practice SO APHASIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID REALM; LIFE AB Background: Managing the clinical relationship in the therapeutic process is a dificult issue to study, because it is based on cognitive knowledge as well as emotional processing. Addressing the emotional work of the clinician is particularly important in developing expertise as a therapist. In order to effectively change between therapeutic schools of thought, emotional aspects must be acknowledged, because different therapeutic schools of thought rely more or less on the authoritative role of the clinician. Aims: The purpose of this paper is to discuss narrative autoethnography as a qualitative research tool with potential applications in aphasiology, and to demonstrate its usefulness through an example. Methods& Procedures: An evocative story about a single aphasia therapy session is presented, written according to introspective autoethnographic techniques. The narrative reflects the inner emotional processes of a clinician and illustartes the emotional aspects of negotiating clinical roles. The story is an example of an autoethnographic narrative. Outcomes &Results: One of the interpretive themes that can be identified in this autoethnography is the emotional work and experience of the clinician. The clinicians emotional processing is discussed in the context of cultural expectations and influences. Narratives in general and narrative autoethnography in particular are tools that can be used to explore the emotional experiences of clinicians. Conclusions: The emotional work and experiences of clinicians are an important part of the therapeutic process. Narrative autoethnography may be one technique that clinical alphasiologists can use to discuss this aspect of the clinical process and with which research questions can be generated. C1 Univ S Florida, Tampa, FL 33620 USA. RP Hinckley, JJ (reprint author), Univ S Florida, 4202 E Fowler Ave,PCD1017, Tampa, FL 33620 USA. EM jhinckle@chumal.cas.usf.edu CR Anderson H., 1992, THERAPY SOCIAL CONST ATEN JL, 1986, LANGUAGE INTERVENTIO BARTON EL, 1999, CONSTRUCTING INCOMPE Behar Ruth, 1997, VULNERABLE OBSERVER Berger Leigh, 2001, QUALITATIVE INQUIRY, V7, P504 Carbaugh D., 2001, NARRATIVE IDENTITY S Chapey R, 2001, LANGUAGE INTERVENTIO Damasio A., 1994, DESCARTES ERROR EMOT Damico JS, 1999, APHASIOLOGY, V13, P651 Damico JS, 2003, AM J SPEECH-LANG PAT, V12, P131, DOI 10.1044/1058-0360(2003/060) Denzin N. K., 1992, INVESTIGATING SUBJEC, P17 Denzin N. K., 1978, RES ACT THEORETICAL DUCHAN J, 1999, CONSTRUCTING INCOMPE Ellis C., 1997, REPRESENTATION TEXT, P115 ELLIS C, 1991, SYMB INTERACT, V14, P23, DOI 10.1525/si.1991.14.1.23 ELLIS C, 1993, SOCIOL QUART, V34, P711, DOI 10.1111/j.1533-8525.1993.tb00114.x Ellis C., 1995, FINAL NEGOTIATIONS FRANCIS LE, 1997, SOCIAL PERSPECTIVES Gabbard GO, 1999, COUNTERTRANSFERENCE GOODWIN C, 1995, RES LANG SOC INTERAC, V28, P233, DOI 10.1207/s15327973rlsi2803_4 Greenhalgh T, 1998, NARRATIVE BASED MED HINCKLEY JJ, 2002, NEUROPSYCHOLOGICAL I Jennings L, 1999, J COUNS PSYCHOL, V46, P3, DOI 10.1037/0022-0167.46.1.3 JONES LC, 1997, SOCIAL PERSPECTIVES, V4 Kagan A, 1995, TOP STROKE REHABIL, V2, P15 Katz RS, 2002, AM BEHAV SCI, V46, P327, DOI 10.1177/000276402237767 LOFLAND LH, 1989, J CONTEMP ETHNOGR, V17, P453, DOI 10.1177/089124189017004004 Reed-Danahay D., 2001, HDB ETHNOGRAPHY Reed-Danahay Deborah, 1997, AUTO ETHNOGRAPHY REW Richardson L., 2001, QUALITATIVE STUDIES, V14, P33, DOI DOI 10.1080/09518390010007647 SIMMONSMACKIE N, 2001, LANGUAGE INTERVENTIO SimmonsMackie NN, 1997, APHASIOLOGY, V11, P761, DOI 10.1080/02687039708250455 Sparkes AC, 2000, SOCIOL SPORT J, V17, P21 Spry T., 2001, QUALITATIVE INQUIRY, V7, P706, DOI DOI 10.1177/107780040100700605 WIDDERSHOVEN GAM, 1996, ETHICS PROCESS NARRA, V4 NR 35 TC 13 Z9 13 PU PSYCHOLOGY PRESS PI HOVE PA 27 CHURCH RD, HOVE BN3 2FA, EAST SUSSEX, ENGLAND SN 0268-7038 J9 APHASIOLOGY JI Aphasiology PD AUG PY 2005 VL 19 IS 8 BP 765 EP 779 DI 10.1080/02687030544000092 PG 15 WC Clinical Neurology SC Neurosciences & Neurology GA 963NT UT WOS:000231811700005 ER PT J AU Fillingham, JK Sage, K Ralph, MAL AF Fillingham, JK Sage, K Ralph, MAL TI Further explorations and an overview of errorless and errorful therapy for aphasic word-finding difficulties: The number of naming attempts during therapy affects outcome SO APHASIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID ALZHEIMERS-DISEASE; MEMORY; REHABILITATION; PEOPLE AB Background: Errorless learning continues to be much debated in rehabilitation literature. Emerging data suggest that errorless learning is as effective as errorful learning when applied to the treatment of aphasic word-finding difficulties (Fillingham, Hodgson, Sage, & Lambon Ralph, 2003; Fillingham, Sage, & Lambon Ralph, in press; Fillingham, Sage, & Lambon Ralph, 2005). Aims: This paper presents a third investigation, which was designed to replicate this result and also to explore and extend other important and interesting findings from the previous empirical studies: (1) that withdrawing feedback during therapy (not giving information about whether a patient's response was correct or not) does not prevent learning; (2) that frontal executive skills are a predictor of therapy outcome but not language skill. We also used this third study to explore whether the number of naming attempts during therapy affects outcome. Methods & Procedures: Seven of the original eleven participants took part in a multiple baseline, crossover, case-series design. Outcomes & Results: The previous results were replicated: errorless and errorful therapy produced equivalent results immediately post-therapy and at follow-up. There was no effect of omitting feedback-the participants learned equally well without therapists' feedback. Also, executive/problem-solving skills and monitoring ability again predicted immediate naming improvements not language ability. In addition, we found that increasing the number of naming attempts during therapy affected learning outcome. Conclusions: The final section of the paper draws together the results of all three studies, and their implications for the treatment of aphasic word-finding difficulties are discussed. C1 Univ Manchester, Sch Psychol Sci, Manchester M13 9PL, Lancs, England. RP Fillingham, JK (reprint author), Univ Manchester, Sch Psychol Sci, Oxford Rd, Manchester M13 9PL, Lancs, England. EM joanne.fillingham@manchester.ac.uk RI Lambon Ralph, Matthew/A-1695-2009 CR BACHRACH H, 1974, J CLIN PSYCHOL, V30, P58, DOI 10.1002/1097-4679(197401)30:1<58::AID-JCLP2270300115>3.0.CO;2-4 BADDELEY A, 1994, NEUROPSYCHOLOGIA, V32, P53, DOI 10.1016/0028-3932(94)90068-X Clare L, 2000, J CLIN EXP NEUROPSYC, V22, P132, DOI 10.1076/1380-3395(200002)22:1;1-8;FT132 Clare L, 1999, NEUROCASE, V5, P37, DOI 10.1080/13554799908404063 Dunn L. M., 1997, BRIT PICTURE VOCABUL, V2nd Evans JJ, 2000, NEUROPSYCHOL REHABIL, V10, P67 FILLINGHAM JK, 2005, UNPUB TREATMENT ANOM FILLINGHAM JK, IN PRESS NEUROPSYCHO Fillingham JK, 2003, NEUROPSYCHOL REHABIL, V13, P337, DOI 10.1080/09602010343000020 Grant DA, 1993, WISCONSIN CARD SORTI Helm-Estabrooks N, 2002, J COMMUN DISORD, V35, P171, DOI 10.1016/S0021-9924(02)00063-1 HICNKLEY J, 2002, NEUROPSYCHOLOGICAL I, P182 Howard D., 1992, PYRAMIDS PALM TREES Howard D, 1999, APHASIOLOGY, V13, P140 Hunkin NM, 1998, NEUROPSYCHOLOGIA, V36, P25, DOI 10.1016/S0028-3932(97)00106-1 Kaplan E, 1976, BOSTON NAMING TEST Kay J., 1992, PSYCHOLINGUISTICS AS McCarthy M, 2002, LANCET INFECT DIS, V2, P2, DOI 10.1016/S1473-3099(01)00156-6 McKenna P, 1997, CATEGORY SPECIFIC NA McKenna P., 1983, GRADED NAMING TEST Meyers JE, 1995, REY COMPLEX FIGURE T O'Carroll RE, 1999, PSYCHOL MED, V29, P105, DOI 10.1017/S0033291798007673 Ralph MAL, 2003, BRAIN, V126, P2350, DOI 10.1093/brain/awg236 Ralph MAL, 1998, COGNITIVE NEUROPSYCH, V15, P389 Robertson IH, 1994, TEST EVERYDAY ATTENT Robertson IH, 1999, PSYCHOL BULL, V125, P544, DOI 10.1037/0033-2909.125.5.544 SNODGRASS JG, 1980, J EXP PSYCHOL-HUM L, V6, P174, DOI 10.1037/0278-7393.6.2.174 Tailby R, 2003, NEUROPSYCHOLOGIA, V41, P1230, DOI 10.1016/S0028-3932(03)00036-8 Warrington EK, 1998, NEUROPSYCHOL REHABIL, V8, P143 Warrington EK, 1996, CAMDEN MEMORY TESTS Wilson BA, 1996, J HEAD TRAUMA REHAB, V11, P54, DOI 10.1097/00001199-199604000-00006 WILSON BA, 1994, NEUROPSYCHOL REHABIL, V4, P307, DOI 10.1080/09602019408401463 NR 32 TC 46 Z9 46 PU PSYCHOLOGY PRESS PI HOVE PA 27 CHURCH RD, HOVE BN3 2FA, EAST SUSSEX, ENGLAND SN 0268-7038 J9 APHASIOLOGY JI Aphasiology PD JUL PY 2005 VL 19 IS 7 BP 597 EP 614 DI 10.1080/02687030544000272 PG 18 WC Clinical Neurology SC Neurosciences & Neurology GA 954IO UT WOS:000231149000001 ER PT J AU Mitchum, CC Haendiges, AN Berndt, RS AF Mitchum, CC Haendiges, AN Berndt, RS TI Oral reading of words and sentences: Investigating the source of context effects SO APHASIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID PURE ANOMIA; ALEXIA; LANGUAGE; DYSLEXIA AB Background: Aphasic speakers' oral reading of isolated words has been widely studied, yet little is known about how contextual information influences reading ability when words are placed in sentences. Embedding words in sentences or texts has been argued to provide syntactic and/or semantic constraints on oral word reading that are unavailable in word lists, but no details are available about how such constraints might operate. The few studies that have actually compared sentence vs list reading have yielded conflicting results, and fail to show any consistent reading pattern that would predict when and why a reading advantage would arise from sentence context. Aims: We attempted to identify the pattern of aphasia/alexia that is associated with a sentence (vs list) reading advantage, and to assess the contribution of language and reading functions that might influence this context effect. Methods & Procedures: Five fluent, aphasic patients read the same 100 words (nouns, verbs, adjectives, and function words) in lists and in sentences. Patients were selected to have relatively intact sentence production ability, which has been argued to be an important element when sentence reading is superior to list reading. Outcomes & Results: Only two of the five patients showed a significant advantage for reading words in sentences, and additional analyses were carried out in an attempt to distinguish the reading patterns of the patients who showed the effect from the patterns of those who did not. The context effect exhibited by the two patients did not appear to be related to semantic influences, or to a cumulative build-up of contextual cues across words in sentences. Rather, the one finding that distinguished the two patients with significantly better reading of words in sentences compared to lists from the other patients was improved sensitivity in sentences to target words' grammatical class. Conclusions: The results indicate that good sentence production abilities are not a strong predictor that sentence reading will be enhanced relative to list reading. We propose that the sentence context effects in the two patients arose from their ability to extract information from sentences about targets' grammatical class, an ability that was not apparently shared by the other patients. Knowledge of grammatical class was argued to improve patients' reading by combining with other influences (e.g., orthographic structure, imageability) to substantially reduce the number of candidate word responses. Further specification of the source of these effects will help to identify patients who are most likely to benefit from sentence- and text-level reading treatments. C1 Univ Maryland, Sch Med, Dept Neurol, Baltimore, MD 21201 USA. RP Mitchum, CC (reprint author), Univ Maryland, Sch Med, Dept Neurol, 22 S Greene St, Baltimore, MD 21201 USA. EM cmitchum@umaryland.edu CR Andreewsky E, 1975, Cortex, V11, P379 Beeson P. M., 1998, APPROACHES TREATMENT, P153 Berndt RS, 1996, COGNITIVE NEUROPSYCH, V13, P763, DOI 10.1080/026432996381809 Berndt RS, 2005, BRAIN LANG, V93, P55, DOI 10.1016/j.bandl.2004.06.110 BREEN K, 1994, CORTEX, V30, P231 CARAMAZZA A, 1981, NEUROPSYCHOLOGICAL C, P297 Cherney Leora Reiff, 2004, Top Stroke Rehabil, V11, P22 COLTHEART M, 1981, Q J EXP PSYCHOL-A, V33, P497 Coltheart M., 1980, DEEP DYSLEXIA, P22 FEENEY JA, 2005, UNPUB INVESTIGATION Friedman R., 2002, HDB ADULT LANGUAGE D, P27 Friedman RB, 1996, COGNITIVE NEUROPSYCH, V13, P869, DOI 10.1080/026432996381845 Garrett MF, 1976, NEW APPROACHES LANGU, P231 Greenwald ML, 1999, COGNITIVE NEUROPSYCH, V16, P513 KATZ RB, 1992, Q J EXP PSYCHOL-A, V45, P575 Manning L, 1996, NEUROPSYCHOLOGIA, V34, P809, DOI 10.1016/0028-3932(95)00166-2 MIOZZO A, 1994, NEUROPSYCHOLOGIA, V32, P1101, DOI 10.1016/0028-3932(94)90156-2 MOODY S, 1988, CORTEX, V24, P473 MOYER SB, 1979, CORTEX, V15, P139 NESPOULOUS JL, 1988, BRAIN LANG, V33, P273, DOI 10.1016/0093-934X(88)90069-7 OSeaghdha PG, 1997, J EXP PSYCHOL LEARN, V23, P807 Patterson K., 1985, SURFACE DYSLEXIA Rochon E, 2000, BRAIN LANG, V72, P193, DOI 10.1006/brln.1999.2285 Silverberg N, 1998, APHASIOLOGY, V12, P335, DOI 10.1080/02687039808249537 TOUMAINEN J, 1991, APHASIOLOGY, V5, P401 WILSON M, 1988, MRC PSYCHOLINGUISTIC ZINGESER LB, 1988, COGNITIVE NEUROPSYCH, V5, P473, DOI 10.1080/02643298808253270 NR 27 TC 0 Z9 0 PU PSYCHOLOGY PRESS PI HOVE PA 27 CHURCH RD, HOVE BN3 2FA, EAST SUSSEX, ENGLAND SN 0268-7038 J9 APHASIOLOGY JI Aphasiology PD JUL PY 2005 VL 19 IS 7 BP 615 EP 631 DI 10.1080/02687030544000281 PG 17 WC Clinical Neurology SC Neurosciences & Neurology GA 954IO UT WOS:000231149000002 ER PT J AU Shisler, RJ AF Shisler, RJ TI Aphasia and auditory extinction: Preliminary evidence of binding SO APHASIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID VISUAL EXTINCTION; ILLUSORY CONJUNCTIONS; REPETITION BLINDNESS; DIVIDED-ATTENTION; SPATIAL ATTENTION; EAR EXTINCTION; INDIVIDUALS; NEGLECT; MECHANISMS; ALLOCATION AB Background: McNeil, Odell, and Tseng (1991), and Murray and colleagues (Murray, 2000; Murray, Holland, & Beeson, 1997a, 1997b) have suggested that variability of performance in patients with aphasia may be due to nonlinguistic cognitive variables, such as attention (i.e., resources, capacity, effort), which affect language comprehension and production. Given the research that has supported the relationship between aphasia and attention deficits, it is important to determine what effect this breakdown in attention may have on cognitive processes for individuals with aphasia. Aims: This study aims to determine if auditory extinction is present in individuals with aphasia, and if so, if this is due to a breakdown in binding. If extinction is found for individuals with aphasia, it would further support the notion that auditory attention difficulties are present among individuals with aphasia, since visual and auditory research has attributed extinction to a breakdown in attention (Baylis, Driver, & Rafal, 1993; Deouell, Bentin, & Soroker, 2000; Deouell & Soroker, 2000). If binding is found to be deficient, the fact that individuals with both left and right hemisphere lesions demonstrate this phenomenon would lead to a number of implications regarding the relationship of attention and aphasia. Methods & Procedures: Auditory extinction, in which one stimulus is not perceived during double simultaneous stimulation (DSS) presentation, was examined in six individuals with aphasia (aged 42-74 years) and six age-matched healthy adults. Two different experiments were conducted in which the auditory stimuli, consisting of male and female voices speaking the letters "T" or "O", were systematically varied to investigate whether binding of identification to location contributes to extinction. Outcomes & Results: Participants with aphasia made more omission errors (extinction) than the control group, and extinction was significantly greater for binding versus nonbinding conditions, suggesting that binding may play a role in extinction for individuals with aphasia. Conclusions: These data provide preliminary results that auditory extinction exists in individuals with aphasia and may be due to deficits in binding together identification and localisation information. Research on this phenomenon and how it influences language would be a worthwhile endeavour for future studies. Moreover, little is known about assessment of auditory attention in patients with aphasia. Further research in this area can lead to advancements in theoretical and functional assessment for individuals with aphasia who have auditory attention and/or binding deficits and require speech-language pathology intervention. C1 Univ Georgia, Biomed & Hlth Sci Inst, Athens, GA 30602 USA. RP Shisler, RJ (reprint author), Univ Georgia, Biomed & Hlth Sci Inst, 570 F Aderhold Hall, Athens, GA 30602 USA. EM rshisler@coe.uga.edu CR Ashbridge E, 1997, NEUROPSYCHOLOGIA, V35, P1121, DOI 10.1016/S0028-3932(97)00003-1 Baylis GC, 2001, VIS COGN, V8, P359 BAYLIS GC, 1993, J COGNITIVE NEUROSCI, V5, P453, DOI 10.1162/jocn.1993.5.4.453 BOUMA A, 1988, J CLIN EXP NEUROPSYC, V10, P709, DOI 10.1080/01688638808402809 CASTROCALDAS A, 1984, NEUROLOGY, V34, P1418 CORBETTA M, 1995, SCIENCE, V270, P802, DOI 10.1126/science.270.5237.802 Deouell LY, 2000, NEUROREPORT, V11, P3059, DOI 10.1097/00001756-200009110-00046 Deouell LY, 2000, BRAIN, V123, P353, DOI 10.1093/brain/123.2.353 Erickson RJ, 1996, BRAIN COGNITION, V30, P244, DOI 10.1006/brcg.1996.0016 Goodglass H, 2000, BOSTON DIAGNOSTIC AP, V3rd KANWISHER N, 1991, J EXP PSYCHOL HUMAN, V17, P404, DOI 10.1037/0096-1523.17.2.404 Kanwisher N, 1995, COGNITIVE PSYCHOL, V29, P303, DOI 10.1006/cogp.1995.1017 LAPOINTE LL, 1991, APHASIOLOGY, V5, P511, DOI 10.1080/02687039108248556 MARZI CA, 1996, NEUROPSYCHOLOGIA, V34, P99 McNeil M. R., 1986, SEMINARS SPEECH LANG, V7, P123, DOI 10.1055/s-0028-1085226 MCNEIL MR, 1991, CLIN APHASIOLOGY Murray LL, 2000, BRAIN LANG, V72, P40, DOI 10.1006/brln.1999.2281 Murray LL, 1997, APHASIOLOGY, V11, P993, DOI 10.1080/02687039708249423 Murray LL, 1998, J SPEECH LANG HEAR R, V41, P213 Murray LL, 1997, J SPEECH LANG HEAR R, V40, P792 Pantev C, 1996, HEARING RES, V100, P164, DOI 10.1016/0378-5955(96)00124-4 PETERSEN SE, 1994, CAN J EXP PSYCHOL, V48, P319, DOI 10.1037/1196-1961.48.2.319 PONCET M, 1987, J NEUROL NEUROSUR PS, V50, P709, DOI 10.1136/jnnp.50.6.709 Reynolds JH, 1999, NEURON, V24, P19, DOI 10.1016/S0896-6273(00)80819-3 Shisler RJ, 2004, NEUROPSYCHOLOGIA, V42, P836, DOI 10.1016/j.neuropsychologia.2003.06.001 Soroker N, 1997, NEUROPSYCHOLOGIA, V35, P249, DOI 10.1016/S0028-3932(96)00038-3 TREISMAN A, 1982, COGNITIVE PSYCHOL, V14, P107, DOI 10.1016/0010-0285(82)90006-8 TREISMAN AM, 1980, COGNITIVE PSYCHOL, V12, P97, DOI 10.1016/0010-0285(80)90005-5 TSENG CH, 1993, BRAIN LANG, V45, P276, DOI 10.1006/brln.1993.1046 VOLPE BT, 1979, NATURE, V282, P722, DOI 10.1038/282722a0 Vuilleumier PO, 2000, BRAIN, V123, P1263, DOI 10.1093/brain/123.6.1263 NR 31 TC 5 Z9 5 PU PSYCHOLOGY PRESS PI HOVE PA 27 CHURCH RD, HOVE BN3 2FA, EAST SUSSEX, ENGLAND SN 0268-7038 J9 APHASIOLOGY JI Aphasiology PD JUL PY 2005 VL 19 IS 7 BP 633 EP 650 DI 10.1080/02687030444000930 PG 18 WC Clinical Neurology SC Neurosciences & Neurology GA 954IO UT WOS:000231149000003 ER PT J AU Sohlberg, MM Fickas, S Ehlhardt, L Todis, B AF Sohlberg, MM Fickas, S Ehlhardt, L Todis, B TI The longitudinal effects of accessible email for individuals with severe cognitive impairments SO APHASIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID REHABILITATION; MEMORY; INTERFACES; ERRORLESS; APHASIA; PEOPLE; USERS; AIDS AB Background: Electronic communication has provided an unprecedented means of networking people for business, educational, and social purposes (eMarketer, 2001; Madden & Rainie, 2003). However, this mainstream form of communication remains largely inaccessible to individuals with severe cognitive-communicative disabilities (Elman, 2001; Lenhart et al., 2003). This report describes the longitudinal effects of using an adapted email interface by individuals with severe cognitive disabilities due to acquired brain injury. Aims: Research questions included: (1) Can people with severe cognitive impairments learn to email independently using an adapted interface? (2) If participants successfully learn to email, what types of supports are needed to maintain long-term use of email? (3) What, if any, are the psychosocial effects of long-term email participation? Methods & Procedures: A combination of qualitative and quantitative approaches was used to address the above questions for four participants with acquired brain injury, one female and three males, ranging in age from 37 to 65 years, all of whom reported significant social isolation due to their cognitive disabilities. Following assessment (e.g., mock email assessment, goal attainment scaling, neuropsychological testing), they were trained to use a simplified email program using an explicit instructional methodology. Weekly email statistic reports and activity logs were generated to measure frequency, efficiency, topic parameters, and satisfaction related to using email. Outcomes & Results: All four participants became independent, satisfied emailers in their home environments and continued to engage in social email after 9 months. The weekly metrics and email logs showed progressive improvements in efficiency, complexity of written expression, and range of topics discussed. All participants endorsed the social benefits of email and achieved the "most successful outcome" possible for several of their individual goals, including learning a new skill, feeling more connected with friends and family, and increasing their list of email partners. Conclusions: This study is one of the first longitudinal reports on the use of assistive technology by people with severe acquired cognitive impairments, and demonstrates the potential of adapted email as a means of increasing their social communication with friends and family. Issues related to the need to decrease the intensity of human support required to establish long-term use of assistive technology are discussed. C1 Univ Oregon, Eugene, OR 97403 USA. Western Oregon Univ, Monmouth, OR USA. RP Sohlberg, MM (reprint author), Univ Oregon, Eugene, OR 97403 USA. EM mckay@uoregon.edu CR BARNACLE KA, 1999, THESIS COLUMBIA U NE Ben-Yishay Y, 2000, REHABIL PSYCHOL, V45, P112, DOI 10.1037/0090-5550.45.2.112 Camp C. J., 1998, CLIN GERONTOLOGIST, V19, P51, DOI 10.1300/J018v19n01_05 CHUTE DL, 1994, EXP AGING RES, V20, P229, DOI 10.1080/03610739408253969 DELIS DC, 1987, CALIFORNIA VERBAL LE EHLHARDT L, IN PRESS BRAIN INJUR Elman RJ, 2001, APHASIOLOGY, V15, P895, DOI 10.1080/02687040143000267 Evans JJ, 2003, J INT NEUROPSYCH SOC, V9, P925, DOI 10.1017/S1355617703960127 Evans JJ, 2000, NEUROPSYCHOL REHABIL, V10, P67 GROBER E, 1991, J CLIN EXP NEUROPSYC, V13, P933, DOI 10.1080/01688639108405109 GRONWALL DMA, 1977, PERCEPT MOTOR SKILL, V44, P367 HAUGEN K, 1996, ACCESSIBLE EMAIL MOT HAUGEN K, 1997, INTERNET ON RAMPS KI Heaton RK, 1981, WISCONSIN CARD SORTI Kirsch N. L., 1992, J HEAD TRAUMA REHAB, V7, P13 Kreutzer JS, 1989, COGNITIVE REHABILITA, V7, P30 Lenhart A, 2003, EVER SHIFTING INTERN Levinson R., 1997, J HEAD TRAUMA REHAB, V12, P769 LoPresti EF, 2004, NEUROPSYCHOL REHABIL, V14, P5, DOI 10.1080/09602010343000101 Madden M., 2003, AM ONLINE PURSUITS C MADIGAN K, 1997, STUDENTS ACQUIRED BR, P23 Malec JF, 1999, NEUROPSYCHOL REHABIL, V9, P253, DOI 10.1080/096020199389365 Newell A. F., 2000, P ACM C UN US WASH D, P39, DOI 10.1145/355460.355470 *PEW INT STUD, 2004, ONL ACT DAIL *QSR INT PTY LTD, 2002, QSR INT PTY LTD DONC Rallis S. F., 1998, LEARNING FIELD INTRO Reitan R., 1993, HALSTEADREITAN NEURO SALIVIA J, 1998, ASSESSMENT SimmonsMackie NN, 1996, DISABIL REHABIL, V18, P540 Singh S, 2000, APHASIOLOGY, V14, P157, DOI 10.1080/026870300401531 Sohlberg M.K.M., 2001, COGNITIVE REHABILITA Sohlberg MM, 2003, BRAIN INJURY, V17, P609, DOI 10.1080/0269905031000070189 Spreen O, 1977, NEUROSENSORY CTR COM STEELE RD, 1989, P REH ENG SOC N AM R, P218 Stein M, 1998, INTERV SCH CLIN, V33, P227 Sutcliffe A, 2003, INTERACT COMPUT, V15, P577, DOI 10.1016/S0953-5438(03)00051-1 TODIS B, IN PRESS BRAIN INJUR Weschler D, 1997, WECHSLER MEMORY SCAL Wilson B. A., 2003, BRAIN IMPAIR, V4, P25, DOI DOI 10.1375/BRIM.4.1.25.27030 WILSON BA, 1994, NEUROPSYCHOL REHABIL, V4, P307, DOI 10.1080/09602019408401463 World Health Organisation, 2001, INT CLASS FUNCT DIS 2001, EMAIL REPORT EREPORT NR 42 TC 13 Z9 13 PU PSYCHOLOGY PRESS PI HOVE PA 27 CHURCH RD, HOVE BN3 2FA, EAST SUSSEX, ENGLAND SN 0268-7038 J9 APHASIOLOGY JI Aphasiology PD JUL PY 2005 VL 19 IS 7 BP 651 EP 681 DI 10.1080/02687030544000100 PG 31 WC Clinical Neurology SC Neurosciences & Neurology GA 954IO UT WOS:000231149000004 ER PT J AU Wilcox, MJ Davis, GA AF Wilcox, MJ Davis, GA TI Speech act analysis of aphasic communication in individual and group settings SO APHASIOLOGY LA English DT Article C1 Memphis State Univ, Memphis, TN 38152 USA. RP Davis, GA (reprint author), Univ Massachusetts, Commun Disorders House,Box 30410, Amherst, MA 01003 USA. EM albyn@comdis.umass.edu CR GORDON D, 1975, SYNTAX SEMANTICS SPE HOLLAND A, 1975, AM SPEECH HEAR ASS W SEARLE J, 1975, SYNTAX SEMANTICS SPE Searle John R., 1969, SPEECH ACTS NR 4 TC 2 Z9 2 PU PSYCHOLOGY PRESS PI HOVE PA 27 CHURCH RD, HOVE BN3 2FA, EAST SUSSEX, ENGLAND SN 0268-7038 J9 APHASIOLOGY JI Aphasiology PD JUL PY 2005 VL 19 IS 7 BP 683 EP 690 DI 10.1080/02687030444000435 PG 8 WC Clinical Neurology SC Neurosciences & Neurology GA 954IO UT WOS:000231149000006 ER PT J AU Menn, L Gottfried, M Holland, AL Garrett, MRF AF Menn, L Gottfried, M Holland, AL Garrett, MRF TI Encoding location in aphasic and normal speech: The interaction of pragmatics with language output processing limitations SO APHASIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID BRAIN-DAMAGE; COMPREHENSION; EXPRESSION; DISCOURSE AB Background: Most pragmatic abilities are relatively preserved in aphasia, while ability to express spatial relationships is compromised. Do aphasic speakers observe the pragmatic constraint that unexpected information should be expressed while inferrable information may be omitted? Aims: Asking aphasic speakers to describe unexpected spatial arrangements on objects should produce attempts at expressing spatial information that are likely to contain errors. Methods & Procedures: A total of 16 participants with various types of aphasia and 10 controls described pictures showing expected and unexpected arrangements of furniture. Outcomes & Results: As predicted, this pragmatic manipulation of stimulus materials produced large amounts of data for analysis: Participants tried to produce elaborated descriptions of unexpected arrangements, and these efforts contained many errors. Qualitative analysis showed that these errors were not perceptual or conceptual, yet involved encoding problems much broader than "difficulty with functors". Conclusions: Since participants willingly exerted themselves to try to encode unexpected scenes, we suggest that such stimuli would be more effective than routine ones in therapy sessions. C1 Univ Colorado, Colorado Springs, CO 80907 USA. Aphasia Res Ctr, Philadelphia, PA USA. Univ Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA. RP Menn, L (reprint author), Univ Colorado, Colorado Springs, CO 80907 USA. EM Lise.menn@colorado.edu CR ALLAN K, 2000, SEMANTICS BATES E, 1983, CAN J PSYCHOL, V37, P59, DOI 10.1037/h0080695 BENEDET MJ, 2003, ADAPTATION THEORY SP BIHRLE AM, 1986, BRAIN COGNITION, V5, P399, DOI 10.1016/0278-2626(86)90042-4 BLOOM RL, 1993, J SPEECH HEAR RES, V36, P1227 BOROD JC, 1985, ARCH NEUROL-CHICAGO, V42, P345 Chafe W., 1976, SUBJECT TOPIC Chapman S., 1994, DISCOURSE ANAL APPL CHRISTIANSEN JA, 1995, BRAIN LANG, V21, P9 CLARK EV, 1973, COGNITION, V2, P161, DOI 10.1016/0010-0277(72)90010-8 FRIEDERICI AD, 1985, COGNITION, V19, P133, DOI 10.1016/0010-0277(85)90016-2 FRIEDERICI AD, 1982, CORTEX, V18, P525 GARDNER H., 1983, COGNITIVE PROCESSING Givon T., 1983, TOPIC CONTINUITY DIS GOODGLASS, 1985, AGRAMMATISM, P1 Halliwell JF, 2000, APHASIOLOGY, V14, P1187, DOI 10.1080/02687030050205714 HUBER W, 1982, BRAIN LANG, V16, P1, DOI 10.1016/0093-934X(82)90069-4 JOANETTE Y, 1986, BRAIN LANG, V29, P217 Kiran S, 2003, J SPEECH LANG HEAR R, V46, P773, DOI 10.1044/1092-4388(2003/061) Kolk H, 1996, APHASIOLOGY, V10, P81, DOI 10.1080/02687039608248399 Levelt W. J. M., 1989, SPEAKING LINEBARGER MC, 1983, COGNITION, V13, P361, DOI 10.1016/0010-0277(83)90015-X MENN L, 1999, FUNCTION STRUCTURE Menn L., 2000, METHODS STUDYING LAN MENN L, 1990, AGRAMMATIC APHASIA, V11 Menn L, 1998, BRAIN LANG, V61, P183, DOI 10.1006/brln.1997.1838 Miller G. A., 1976, LANGUAGE PERCEPTION Nilipour R, 2000, APHASIOLOGY, V14, P1205, DOI 10.1080/02687030050205723 Thompson CK, 2003, J SPEECH LANG HEAR R, V46, P591, DOI 10.1044/1092-4388(2003/047) ULATOWSKA HK, 1983, BRAIN LANG, V19, P317, DOI 10.1016/0093-934X(83)90074-3 NR 30 TC 2 Z9 2 PU PSYCHOLOGY PRESS PI HOVE PA 27 CHURCH RD, HOVE BN3 2FA, EAST SUSSEX, ENGLAND SN 0268-7038 J9 APHASIOLOGY JI Aphasiology PD JUN PY 2005 VL 19 IS 6 BP 487 EP 519 DI 10.1080/0268703044400912 PG 33 WC Clinical Neurology SC Neurosciences & Neurology GA 941EL UT WOS:000230198000001 ER PT J AU Dean, MP Black, M AF Dean, MP Black, M TI Exploring event processing and description in people with aphasia SO APHASIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID BRAIN-DAMAGED SUBJECTS; VERB RETRIEVAL; SENTENCE PRODUCTION; NOUNS; IMAGEABILITY; AGRAMMATISM; THERAPY; HOWARD; BIRD AB Background: A recent proposal is that verb retrieval difficulties in some people with aphasia may reflect impairment to processes that construct event representations in a language-appropriate way. This level of processing has been termed "thinking for speaking" (Slobin, 1996), "conceptual preparation" (Level, Roelofs, & Meyer, 1999), or "event processing" (Marshall, Pring, & Chiat, 1993). Aims: The present Study aims to extend understanding of this early stage of language production and the implications of its impairment. We examine verbs and sets of noun phrases produced in picture descriptions, comparing two people with disproportionate verb retrieval difficulties, and analyse their performance with respect to variables deemed to affect event processing. One person, EM, is argued to have event-processing difficulties, while the other, MH, is argued to have difficulties primarily in retrieving lexical verb forms. Methods & Procedures: The two participants with aphasia were compared on a picture description task, with target descriptions provided by control data. The study examined effects of stimulus format (photograph vs line drawing) and complexity of the situation (whether a single act, process, or state was the focus, versus a combination of these). Both quantitative and qualitative analyses were performed. Outcomes & Results: The event-processing variables influenced the sets of noun phrases produced by EM and not MH, as per our predictions. However, statistically reliable effects were not evident in rates of verb retrieval. Error analyses revealed that EM focused on nontarget aspects of the situation in many of her descriptions, while MH retained target situation type despite his verb retrieval deficit. Conclusions: The performance of the two participants dissociated with respect to event-processing variables. This study extends understanding of the consequences of impaired event processing on language production, and suggests a novel and theoretically motivated means of examining the communicative abilities of people with aphasia. C1 UCL, London, England. RP Dean, MP (reprint author), UCL, Mortimer St, London, England. EM michael.dean@nwlh.nhs.uk CR Berndt RS, 2002, J NEUROLINGUIST, V15, P353, DOI 10.1016/S0911-6044(01)00030-6 Berndt RS, 2002, APHASIOLOGY, V16, P83, DOI 10.1080/02687040143000212 Berndt RS, 1997, BRAIN LANG, V56, P107 Berndt RS, 1997, BRAIN LANG, V56, P68 BIERWISCH M, 1992, COGNITION, V42, P23, DOI 10.1016/0010-0277(92)90039-K Bird H, 2001, BEHAV RES METH INS C, V33, P73, DOI 10.3758/BF03195349 Bird H, 2001, BRAIN LANG, V76, P213, DOI 10.1006/brln.2000.2432 Bird H, 2003, J NEUROLINGUIST, V16, P113, DOI 10.1016/S0911-6044(02)00016-7 Bird H, 2000, BRAIN LANG, V72, P246, DOI 10.1006/brln.2000.2292 BLACK M, 2000, SEMANTIC PROCESSING Black M, 2003, LINGUISTICS CLIN Black M, 2003, J NEUROLINGUIST, V16, P231, DOI 10.1016/S0911-6044(02)00017-9 Breedin SD, 1998, BRAIN LANG, V63, P1, DOI 10.1006/brln.1997.1923 BYNG S, 1989, APHASIOLOGY, V3, P241, DOI 10.1080/02687038908248993 Byng S., 1999, REVERSIBLE SENTENCE Caplan D, 1998, BRAIN LANG, V63, P184, DOI 10.1006/brln.1998.1930 Chiarello C, 1999, BEHAV RES METH INS C, V31, P603, DOI 10.3758/BF03200739 COLTHEART M, 1981, Q J EXP PSYCHOL-A, V33, P497 DIPPER L, 1999, THESIS U COLL LONDON DIPPER LT, IN PRESS LANGUAGE CO Druks J., 2000, OBJECT ACTION NAMING Druks J, 2002, J NEUROLINGUIST, V15, P289, DOI 10.1016/S0911-6044(01)00029-X Francis WN, 1982, FREQUENCY ANAL ENGLI GARRETT M, 1992, COGNITION, V42, P143, DOI 10.1016/0010-0277(92)90042-G Garrett M. F., 1980, LANGUAGE PRODUCTION, V1 Goodglass H., 1983, BOSTON DIAGNOSTIC AP, V2nd Howard D., 1992, PYRAMIDS PALM TREES Kemmerer D, 2000, BRAIN LANG, V73, P393, DOI 10.1006/brln.2000.2312 Kemmerer D, 2000, BRAIN LANG, V73, P347, DOI 10.1006/brln.2000.2311 Kertesz A., 1982, W APHASIA BATTERY Kim M, 2000, BRAIN LANG, V74, P1, DOI 10.1006/brin.2000.2315 LEVELT W, 1989, SPEAKING INTENTION A Levelt WJM, 1999, BEHAV BRAIN SCI, V22, P1 MARSHALL J, 1993, APHASIOLOGY, V7, P177, DOI 10.1080/02687039308249505 Marshall J, 1997, APHASIOLOGY, V11, P855, DOI 10.1080/02687039708250461 Marshall J, 1998, BRAIN LANG, V63, P159, DOI 10.1006/brln.1998.1949 MICELI G, 1984, CORTEX, V20, P207 Morrison Catriona M., 2003, Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology Section A Human Experimental Psychology, V56A, P705, DOI 10.1080/02724980244000594 MYERSON R, 1972, LANG SPEECH, V15, P40 Nickels L., 1997, SPOKEN WORD PRODUCTI Pustejovsky James, 1995, GENERATIVE LEXICON Rapp B, 2002, J NEUROLINGUIST, V15, P373, DOI 10.1016/S0911-6044(01)00040-9 ROELOFS A, 2000, BILING-LANG COGN, V3, P25 Shapiro K, 2001, BRAIN LANG, V76, P202, DOI 10.1006/brln.2000.2397 Shapiro K, 2001, BRAIN LANG, V78, P397, DOI 10.1006/brln.2001.2473 Slobin Dan, 1996, RETHINKING LINGUISTI SWINBURN C, 1996, COMPREHENSIVE APHASI Talmy Leonard, 2003, COGNITIVE SEMANTICS, V1 Thompson CK, 1997, APHASIOLOGY, V11, P473, DOI 10.1080/02687039708248485 Vigliocco G, 2002, PSYCHOL BULL, V128, P442, DOI 10.1037//0033-2909.128.3.442 ZINGESER LB, 1990, BRAIN LANG, V39, P14, DOI 10.1016/0093-934X(90)90002-X NR 51 TC 11 Z9 11 PU PSYCHOLOGY PRESS PI HOVE PA 27 CHURCH RD, HOVE BN3 2FA, EAST SUSSEX, ENGLAND SN 0268-7038 J9 APHASIOLOGY JI Aphasiology PD JUN PY 2005 VL 19 IS 6 BP 521 EP 544 DI 10.1080/02687030544000001 PG 24 WC Clinical Neurology SC Neurosciences & Neurology GA 941EL UT WOS:000230198000002 ER PT J AU Cuetos, F Gonzalez-Nosti, M Martinez, C AF Cuetos, F Gonzalez-Nosti, M Martinez, C TI The picture-naming task in the analysis of cognitive deterioration in Alzheimer's disease SO APHASIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID PROGRESSIVE APHASIA; SEMANTIC ERRORS; LEXICAL ACCESS; DEMENTIA; ACQUISITION; AGE; IMPAIRMENT; SPANISH; FAMILIARITY; PREDICTORS AB Background: The picture-naming test has been widely used in determining cognitive deterioration in Alzheimer patients, because it has been found that the number of pictures patients can name, and the types of errors they commit, change as the illness advances. Aims: The objective of this study was to examine the lexical-semantic deterioration of Alzheimer's patients over a period of time by analysing the changes in their errors and the variables that predict these changes. Methods and Procedures: A total of 100 pictures were shown to a group of 10 probable Alzheimer's patients on two separate occasions spaced 2 years apart. The task of the patients was to name the pictures. For each picture, the values of name agreement, imageability, familiarity, frequency, age of acquisition, and length were available. Three types of analyses of the results of the naming test were performed: (a) relationship between stimulus variables and patient success, (b) analysis of errors from the first and second evaluations, and (c) relationship between stimulus variables and change in errors. Outcome and Results: There was a considerable reduction of correct responses from the first to the second evaluation, and the determining variable in both cases was age of acquisition. What changed in this 2-year period were the types of errors produced by the patients, with a higher percentage of semantic errors and circumlocutions in the first evaluation and a predominance of "I don't know" responses in the second. But the most interesting discovery was that the nature of those changes, which resulted from the patients' cognitive deterioration, is determined by the age of acquisition of the stimuli. Conclusions: The combination of these two indices-stimulus variables and types of errors-makes it possible to specify the level of lexical-semantic deterioration of Alzheimer's patients. C1 Univ Oviedo, Oviedo, Spain. RP Cuetos, F (reprint author), Univ Oviedo, Oviedo, Spain. EM fcuetos@uniovi.es RI Gonzalez-Nosti, Maria/B-4393-2011; Cuetos, Fernando/B-4337-2011 CR ALBERCA R, 1988, DEMENCIAS DIAGNOSTIC Astell AJ, 1998, APHASIOLOGY, V12, P357, DOI 10.1080/02687039808249538 Barbarotto R, 1998, NEUROPSYCHOLOGIA, V36, P397, DOI 10.1016/S0028-3932(97)00124-3 BOLLER F, 1991, CORTEX, V27, P9 Caramazza A, 2000, BRAIN LANG, V75, P428, DOI 10.1006/brln.2000.2379 CARAMAZZA A, 1990, CORTEX, V26, P95 CHERTKOW H, 1990, BRAIN, V113, P397, DOI 10.1093/brain/113.2.397 Cuetos F, 2002, BRAIN LANG, V82, P344, DOI 10.1016/S0093-934X(02)00038-X Cuetos F., 2004, READING WRITING INTE, V17, P227, DOI 10.1023/B:READ.0000017661.98935.bd Cuetos F, 2003, COGNITIVE BRAIN RES, V17, P549, DOI 10.1016/S0926-6410(03)00169-1 Cuetos F, 1999, BEHAV RES METH INS C, V31, P650, DOI 10.3758/BF03200741 Dell GS, 1997, PSYCHOL REV, V104, P801, DOI 10.1037/0033-295X.104.4.801 FABERLANGENDOEN K, 1988, ANN NEUROL, V23, P365, DOI 10.1002/ana.410230409 FOLSTEIN MF, 1975, J PSYCHIAT RES, V12, P189, DOI 10.1016/0022-3956(75)90026-6 Garrard P, 2001, J COGNITIVE NEUROSCI, V13, P892, DOI 10.1162/089892901753165818 GAVAZZI P, 1986, RICERCHE PSICOLOGIA, V4, P92 HAXBY JV, 1992, J CLIN EXP NEUROPSYC, V14, P575, DOI 10.1080/01688639208402846 Hirsh KW, 1995, J NEUROLINGUIST, V9, P23, DOI 10.1016/0911-6044(95)00003-8 HODGES JR, 1992, NEUROPSYCHOLOGIA, V30, P301, DOI 10.1016/0028-3932(92)90104-T HODGES JR, 1995, NEUROPSYCHOLOGIA, V33, P441, DOI 10.1016/0028-3932(94)00127-B HODGES JR, 1990, J NEUROL NEUROSUR PS, V53, P10098 Hodgson C, 1998, BRAIN LANG, V64, P146, DOI 10.1006/brln.1998.1960 Kremin H, 2001, BRAIN COGNITION, V46, P180, DOI 10.1016/S0278-2626(00)91270-3 Moreaud O, 2001, BRAIN LANG, V77, P176, DOI 10.1006/brln.2000.2427 Morrison CM, 2000, BRIT J PSYCHOL, V91, P167, DOI 10.1348/000712600161763 MORRISON CM, 1992, MEM COGNITION, V20, P705, DOI 10.3758/BF03202720 Nickels L., 1997, SPOKEN WORD PRODUCTI Ober BA, 1999, J INT NEUROPSYCH SOC, V5, P676 Ralph MAL, 1998, NEUROPSYCHOLOGIA, V36, P775, DOI 10.1016/S0028-3932(97)00169-3 Silveri MC, 2002, J CLIN EXP NEUROPSYC, V24, P755, DOI 10.1076/jcen.24.6.755.8407 SNODGRASS JG, 1980, J EXP PSYCHOL-HUM L, V6, P174, DOI 10.1037/0278-7393.6.2.174 TIERNEY MC, 1988, NEUROLOGY, V38, P359 NR 32 TC 17 Z9 17 PU PSYCHOLOGY PRESS PI HOVE PA 27 CHURCH RD, HOVE BN3 2FA, EAST SUSSEX, ENGLAND SN 0268-7038 J9 APHASIOLOGY JI Aphasiology PD JUN PY 2005 VL 19 IS 6 BP 545 EP 557 DI 10.1080/02687030544000010 PG 13 WC Clinical Neurology SC Neurosciences & Neurology GA 941EL UT WOS:000230198000003 ER PT J AU Legg, C Young, L Bryer, A AF Legg, C Young, L Bryer, A TI Training sixth-year medical students in obtaining case-history information from adults with aphasia SO APHASIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID SUPPORTED CONVERSATION; PARTNERS; COMMUNICATION; VOLUNTEERS; PEOPLE; SKILLS; TRIAL AB Background: Recent studies have shown that partner training in supported communication strategies enhances communication for people with aphasia. Such training of healthcare providers may facilitate communication with adults with aphasia in the healthcare arena. Aims: In this Study, a group of sixth-year medical students were trained to use supported communication strategies for the specific purpose of obtaining a case history from an adult with aphasia. These strategies were based on principles of Supported Conversation for Adults with Aphasia (SCATM) (Kagan, 1995, 1998a). Methods & Procedures: A randomised controlled group design was employed, in which the control group received theoretical information about aphasia and the experimental group received training in supported communication techniques. Baseline and post-training measures were obtained through rating participants' performance in a medical case-history interview with an adult with aphasia. Outcomes & Results: Students who received communication skills training improved significantly in their abilities to conduct a medical interview with an adult with aphasia in terms of obtaining information and establishing rapport. Conclusions: The results of this study provide motivation for Communication skills training of healthcare professionals who interact with individuals with aphasia. Such training, utilising minimal resources and time, can effectively be incorporated into a medical training curriculum. C1 Univ Cape Town, ZA-7925 Cape Town, South Africa. RP Legg, C (reprint author), Univ Cape Town, ZA-7925 Cape Town, South Africa. EM carollegg@wol.co.za CR BINDMAN B, 1995, TOPICS STROKE REHABI, V2, P46 Boles L., 1997, ASIA PACIFIC J SPEEC, V2, P43 Booth S, 1999, INT J LANG COMM DIS, V34, P291, DOI 10.1080/136828299247423 Cunningham R, 2003, APHASIOLOGY, V17, P687, DOI 10.1080/02687030344000184 FULFORD KWM, 1996, ESSENTIAL PRACTICE P GARRETT K, 1995, AHSA SPECIAL INTERES, V4, P5 Garrett K. L., 1992, AUGMENTATIVE COMMUNI, P245 Green G., 1982, AUSTR J HUMAN COMMUN, V10, P11 Hickey EM, 2004, APHASIOLOGY, V18, P625, DOI 10.1080/02687030444000093 KAGAN A, 2001, MEASURE RATING CONVE Kagan A., 1996, PICTOGRAPHIC COMMUNI Kagan Aura, 2004, Top Stroke Rehabil, V11, P67 Kagan A, 1998, APHASIOLOGY, V12, P851, DOI 10.1080/02687039808249580 Kagan A., 1996, SUPPORTED CONVERSATI Kagan A, 1995, TOP STROKE REHABIL, V2, P15 Kagan A, 2001, J SPEECH LANG HEAR R, V44, P624, DOI 10.1044/1092-4388(2001/051) Kagan A, 1998, APHASIOLOGY, V12, P816, DOI 10.1080/02687039808249575 Kurtz S, 1998, TEACHING LEARNING CO LAWSON R, 1999, APHASIA THERAPY FILE LEDORZE G, 2000, APHASIOLOGY, V25, P28 Ley P, 1988, COMMUNICATING PATIEN Lock S., 2001, SUPPORTING PARTNERS Lyon J., 1997, APPROACHES TREATMENT, P203 LYON JG, 1987, TOP LANG DISORD, V8, P61 LYON JG, 1995, APHASIOLOGY, V9, P33, DOI 10.1080/02687039508248687 Lyon JG, 1997, APHASIOLOGY, V11, P693, DOI 10.1080/02687039708249416 Marshall CJ, 1998, CURR OPIN GENET DEV, V8, P11, DOI 10.1016/S0959-437X(98)80055-5 McCooey R., 2000, NEUROGENIC COMMUNICA, P295 McNeil M. R., 1986, SEMINARS SPEECH LANG, V7, P123, DOI 10.1055/s-0028-1085226 *NUFF WORK PART, 1988, TALK PAT TEACH APPR Parr S., 1997, TALKING APHASIA LIVI Penn C, 1998, APHASIOLOGY, V12, P839, DOI 10.1080/02687039808249577 POUND C, 2000, APHASIA THERAPIES LI Rao PR, 1995, TOPICS STOKE REHABIL, V2, P49 Rayner H, 2003, INT J LANG COMM DIS, V38, P149, DOI 10.1080/1368282021000060308 Rose TA, 2003, APHASIOLOGY, V17, P947, DOI 10.1080/02687030344000319 Roter D. L., 1993, DOCTORS TALKING PATI ROTER DL, 1995, ARCH INTERN MED, V155, P1877, DOI 10.1001/archinte.155.17.1877 Silverman J, 1998, SKILLS COMMUNICATING Simmons-Mackie N, 1999, APHASIOLOGY, V13, P807 Simmons-Mackie N., 2000, NEUROGENIC COMMUNICA, P162 Towle A, 1999, BRIT MED J, V319, P766 NR 42 TC 20 Z9 20 PU PSYCHOLOGY PRESS PI HOVE PA 27 CHURCH RD, HOVE BN3 2FA, EAST SUSSEX, ENGLAND SN 0268-7038 J9 APHASIOLOGY JI Aphasiology PD JUN PY 2005 VL 19 IS 6 BP 559 EP 575 DI 10.1080/0268703054400029 PG 17 WC Clinical Neurology SC Neurosciences & Neurology GA 941EL UT WOS:000230198000004 ER PT J AU Shadden, BB AF Shadden, BB TI Aphasia as identity theft: Theory and practice SO APHASIOLOGY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 34th Annual Clinical Aphasiology Conference CY 2004 CL Park City, UT ID QUALITY-OF-LIFE AB Background: The impact of aphasia on identity is frequently acknowledged, but there have been few theoretical or research publications focusing on identity as an explanatory construct in understanding quality of life issues for persons with aphasia and their significant others. This article is abbreviated from a keynote address at the 2004 Clinical Aphasiology Conference. Aims: The purpose of this article is to review concepts from the sociocultural literature that bear upon social identity and can be applied to an understanding of short- and long-term consequences of aphasia. Main Contribution: Theoretical premises related to social identity are outlined, then applied to the life experiences of persons with aphasia and their significant others. The clinical relevance of such concepts is illustrated through specific examples. Particular attention is paid to the recognition work involved in moving on with life in the context of aphasia. The implications of the identity construct are also addressed through questions raised for both researchers and clinicians. Conclusions: An understanding of identity provides a useful lens for viewing and improving quality of life for persons touched by aphasia. In particular, clinical work and research questions can be clarified through consideration both of identity as competent and of the mediation of identity through social interaction with social others. It is important to recognise that persons with aphasia and their significant others are involved in renegotiation of identity, and the success of their recognition work may be a major predictor of adaptation to aphasia. C1 Univ Arkansas, Fayetteville, AR 72701 USA. RP Shadden, BB (reprint author), Speech & Hearing Clin, 410 Arkansas Ave, Fayetteville, AR 72701 USA. EM bshadde@uark.edu CR Bahktin M. M., 1981, DIALOGIC IMAGINATION BRUMFITT S, 1993, APHASIOLOGY, V7, P569, DOI 10.1080/02687039308248631 Byng S., 2000, ACQUIRED NEUROGENIC, P49 Chapey R, 2001, LANGUAGE INTERVENTIO, P235 Code C., 1992, CODE MULLER PROTOCOL Cruice M, 2003, APHASIOLOGY, V17, P333, DOI 10.1080/02687030244000707 Davis G, 1985, ADULT APHASIA REHABI Dowd J. J., 1980, STRATIFICATION AGED Duchan J, 1999, CONSTRUCTING (IN) COMPETENCE, P3 Elman Roberta J., 1999, Seminars in Speech and Language, V20, P65, DOI 10.1055/s-2008-1064009 Erikson E. H., 1968, IDENTITY YOUTH CRISI Gainotti G, 1997, APHASIOLOGY, V11, P635, DOI 10.1080/02687039708249412 Gee J. P., 2000, HDB READING RES, VIII, P195 Gee J. P., 1999, INTRO DISCOURSE ANAL GOFFMAN I, 1967, INTERACTION RITUA Holland AL, 1999, COMMUNICATIVE ACTIVI JOANNETTE Y, 1993, LIVING APHASIA PSYCH, P17 KEARNS KP, 2001, LANGUAGE INTERVENTIO, P316 KOVARSKY D, 2003, M AM SPEECH LANG HEA Lapointe Leonard L., 1999, Seminars in Speech and Language, V20, P5, DOI 10.1055/s-2008-1064005 Lyon J, 1992, AM J SPEECH-LANG PAT, V1, P7 Lyon J. G., 2001, LANGUAGE INTERVENTIO, V4th, P297 Mackay R, 2003, DISABIL SOC, V18, P811, DOI 10.1080/0968759032000119532 NORLIN PF, 1986, LANGUAGE INTERVENTIO, P174 Parr S., 1997, TALKING APHASIA LIVI PENUEL WR, 1995, EDUC PSYCHOL, V30, P83, DOI 10.1207/s15326985ep3002_5 Pound C, 1998, APHASIOLOGY, V12, P222, DOI 10.1080/02687039808249449 PRATHER H, 1970, NOTES MYSELF MY STRU Sarno MT, 1997, APHASIOLOGY, V11, P665, DOI 10.1080/02687039708249414 Shadden B. B, 1988, COMMUNICATION BEHAV, P309 SHADDEN BB, 1994, ANN M AM SPEECH LANG SIMMONSMACKIE N, 2004, PERSPECTIVES NEUROPH, V14, P9 Simms NJ, 2001, EUR FED CORR PUBL, P246 Simmons-Mackie N, 1999, CONSTRUCTING (IN) COMPETENCE, P313 Taylor C., 1994, MULTICULTURALISM EXA, P25 THREATS T, 2004, PERSPECTIVES NEUROPH, V14, P4 Vygotsky L. S., 1987, THINKING SPEECH Wertsch J. V., 1991, VOICES MIND SOCIOCUL Worrall LE, 2003, APHASIOLOGY, V17, P329, DOI 10.1080/02687030244000699 NR 39 TC 47 Z9 49 PU PSYCHOLOGY PRESS PI HOVE PA 27 CHURCH RD, HOVE BN3 2FA, EAST SUSSEX, ENGLAND SN 0268-7038 J9 APHASIOLOGY JI Aphasiology PD MAR-MAY PY 2005 VL 19 IS 3-5 BP 211 EP 223 DI 10.1080/02687930444000697 PG 13 WC Clinical Neurology SC Neurosciences & Neurology GA 931IL UT WOS:000229478900002 ER PT J AU Hillis, AE Newhart, M Heidler, J Marsh, EB Barker, P Degaonkar, M AF Hillis, AE Newhart, M Heidler, J Marsh, EB Barker, P Degaonkar, M TI The neglected role of the right hemisphere in spatial representation of words for reading SO APHASIOLOGY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 34th Annual Clinical Aphasiology Conference CY 2004 CL Park City, TX ID POSTERIOR PARIETAL CORTEX; POSITRON EMISSION TOMOGRAPHY; CENTERED REFERENCE FRAMES; UNILATERAL NEGLECT; VISUAL NEGLECT; COORDINATE FRAMES; SOMATOSENSORY TARGETS; HEMISPATIAL NEGLECT; SPM NORMALIZATION; LESION ANALYSIS AB Background: Previous studies have indicated that focal brain damage can result in different types of "neglect dyslexia" (reading errors specific to the side of printed material contralateral to the side of brain damage). Aims: To identify the sites of lesions (or dysfunctional brain tissue) responsible for distinct types of neglect dyslexia, to inform a functional neuroanatomical model of brain regions involved in early stages of reading. Methods & Procedures: A battery of tests of hemispatial neglect and reading designed to distinguish neglect dyslexia in different reference frames (viewer-centred, stimulus-centred, and object-centred) was administered to 95 patients within 48 hours of onset of nondominant hemisphere stroke. Magnetic resonance diffusion and perfusion imaging was obtained on the same day as testing. Associations between each type of neglect dyslexia and areas of hypoperfusion and/or infarct were evaluated using chi-squared tests. Outcomes & Results: Viewer-centred neglect dyslexia was associated with hypoperfusion and/or infarct in right angular and supramarginal gyri and visual association cortex ("dorsal stream"). Stimulus-centred neglect dyslexia was associated with hypoperfusion and/or infarct of right superior temporal cortex ("ventral stream"). Object-centred neglect dyslexia was observed only with hypoperfusion and/or infarct of non-dominant superior temporal cortex in left-handed individuals. Conclusions: The identified associations provide evidence that different regions of cortex are critical for spatial attention to, or processing of, representations of words with distinct coordinate frames in the reading task. C1 Johns Hopkins Univ, Sch Med, Johns Hopkins Hosp, Baltimore, MD 21287 USA. RP Hillis, AE (reprint author), Johns Hopkins Univ, Sch Med, Johns Hopkins Hosp, Phipps 126,600 N Wolfe St, Baltimore, MD 21287 USA. EM argye@JHMI.edu CR ALBERT ML, 1973, NEUROLOGY, V23, P658 Andersen RA, 2002, ANNU REV NEUROSCI, V25, P189, DOI 10.1146/annurev.neuro.25.112701.142922 ARGUIN M, 1993, CORTEX, V29, P349 BARBUT D, 1987, BRAIN, V110, P1487, DOI 10.1093/brain/110.6.1487 Barton JJS, 1998, BRAIN, V121, P1117, DOI 10.1093/brain/121.6.1117 BAXTER DM, 1983, J NEUROL NEUROSUR PS, V46, P1073, DOI 10.1136/jnnp.46.12.1073 Behrmann M, 1999, J EXP PSYCHOL HUMAN, V25, P83, DOI 10.1037//0096-1523.25.1.83 BISIACH E, 1985, J NEUROL NEUROSUR PS, V48, P141, DOI 10.1136/jnnp.48.2.141 CALVANIO R, 1987, NEUROLOGY, V37, P1179 CARAMAZZA A, 1990, COGNITIVE NEUROPSYCH, V7, P391, DOI 10.1080/02643299008253450 Cate A, 2002, NEUROPSYCHOLOGIA, V40, P2206, DOI 10.1016/S0028-3932(02)00128-8 CHATTERJEE A, 1994, J NEUROL NEUROSUR PS, V57, P1236, DOI 10.1136/jnnp.57.10.1236 COSTELLO AD, 1987, J NEUROL NEUROSUR PS, V50, P1110, DOI 10.1136/jnnp.50.9.1110 CUBELLI R, 1991, BRAIN COGNITION, V15, P139, DOI 10.1016/0278-2626(91)90023-2 DAMASIO AR, 1980, NEUROPSYCHOLOGIA, V18, P123, DOI 10.1016/0028-3932(80)90058-5 DESIMONE R, 1984, J NEUROSCI, V4, P2051 DRIVER J, 1991, COGNITIVE NEUROPSYCH, V8, P475, DOI 10.1080/02643299108253384 ELLIS AW, 1987, COGNITIVE NEUROPSYCH, V4, P439, DOI 10.1080/02643298708252047 GOODALE MA, 1992, TRENDS NEUROSCI, V15, P20, DOI 10.1016/0166-2236(92)90344-8 Groh JM, 1996, J NEUROPHYSIOL, V75, P428 Groh JM, 1996, J NEUROPHYSIOL, V75, P412 GROSS CG, 1972, J NEUROPHYSIOL, V35, P96 Haywood M, 2000, NEUROCASE, V6, P33, DOI 10.1080/13554790008402755 Heilman K. M., 1983, LOCALIZATION NEUROPS, P471 HEILMAN KM, 1980, NEUROLOGY, V30, P327 HEILMAN KM, 1985, NEUROLOGY, V35, P855 HILLIS A E, 1990, P211 HILLIS AE, 1991, NEUROPSYCHOLOGIA, V29, P1223, DOI 10.1016/0028-3932(91)90036-8 Hillis AE, 2000, NEUROLOGY, V55, P782 Hillis AE, 1998, BRAIN COGNITION, V37, P491, DOI 10.1006/brcg.1998.1010 Hillis AE, 1998, NEUROPSYCHOLOGIA, V36, P1257, DOI 10.1016/S0028-3932(98)00009-8 Hillis AE, 1995, NEUROCASE, V1, P189, DOI 10.1080/13554799508402364 Hillis AE, 2001, ANN NEUROL, V50, P561, DOI 10.1002/ana.1265 HILLIS AE, 1995, BRAIN LANG, V48, P263, DOI 10.1006/brln.1995.1012 Karnath HO, 2001, NATURE, V411, P950, DOI 10.1038/35082075 Karnath HO, 2004, CEREB CORTEX, V14, P1164, DOI 10.1093/cercor/bhh076 Karnath HO, 2004, BRAIN, V127, pE10, DOI 10.1093/brain/awh111 LADAVAS E, 1987, BRAIN, V110, P167, DOI 10.1093/brain/110.1.167 Marr D, 1982, VISION MARR D, 1978, PROC R SOC SER B-BIO, V200, P269, DOI 10.1098/rspb.1978.0020 MENNEMEIER M, 1994, BRAIN, V117, P1013, DOI 10.1093/brain/117.5.1013 MESULAM MM, 1981, ANN NEUROL, V10, P309, DOI 10.1002/ana.410100402 Mesulam MM, 1999, PHILOS T ROY SOC B, V354, P1325, DOI 10.1098/rstb.1999.0482 MISHKIN M, 1983, TRENDS NEUROSCI, V6, P414, DOI 10.1016/0166-2236(83)90190-X MONK AF, 1985, Q J EXP PSYCHOL-A, V37, P613 Mort DJ, 2004, BRAIN, V127, pE11, DOI 10.1093/brain/awh112 Mort DJ, 2003, BRAIN, V126, P1986, DOI 10.1093/brain/awg200 NICHELLI P, 1993, BRAIN LANG, V44, P264, DOI 10.1006/brln.1993.1018 OGDEN JA, 1985, NEUROPSYCHOLOGIA, V23, P273, DOI 10.1016/0028-3932(85)90112-5 Ota H, 2001, NEUROLOGY, V57, P2064 PARDO JV, 1991, NATURE, V349, P61, DOI 10.1038/349061a0 Riddoch M. J., 1990, COGNITIVE NEUROPSYCH, V7, P479, DOI 10.1080/02643299008253452 RIZZOLATTI G, 1988, HDB NEUROLOGY, V1 RIZZOLATTI G, 1981, BEHAV BRAIN RES, V2, P147, DOI 10.1016/0166-4328(81)90053-X RIZZOLATTI G, 1985, ATTENTION PERFORMANC, V11 Snyder LH, 1997, NATURE, V386, P167, DOI 10.1038/386167a0 Subbiah I, 2000, NEUROCASE, V6, P13, DOI 10.1080/13554790008402754 VALLAR G, 1986, NEUROPSYCHOLOGIA, V24, P609, DOI 10.1016/0028-3932(86)90001-1 VALLAR G, 1985, NEUROPSYCHOLOGICAL N VONGIESEN HJ, 1994, J NEUROL SCI, V125, P29, DOI 10.1016/0022-510X(94)90238-0 Warrington E. K., 1991, COGNITIVE NEUROPSYCH, V8, P191 Weintraub S, 1996, J NEUROL NEUROSUR PS, V60, P342, DOI 10.1136/jnnp.60.3.342 Xing J, 2000, J COGNITIVE NEUROSCI, V12, P601, DOI 10.1162/089892900562363 YOUNG AW, 1991, COGNITIVE NEUROPSYCH, V8, P177, DOI 10.1080/02643299108253371 NR 64 TC 5 Z9 6 PU PSYCHOLOGY PRESS PI HOVE PA 27 CHURCH RD, HOVE BN3 2FA, EAST SUSSEX, ENGLAND SN 0268-7038 J9 APHASIOLOGY JI Aphasiology PD MAR-MAY PY 2005 VL 19 IS 3-5 BP 225 EP 238 DI 10.1080/02687030444000705 PG 14 WC Clinical Neurology SC Neurosciences & Neurology GA 931IL UT WOS:000229478900003 ER PT J AU Fridriksson, J Morrow, L AF Fridriksson, J Morrow, L TI Cortical activation and language task difficulty in aphasia SO APHASIOLOGY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 34th Annual Clinical Aphasiology Conference CY 2004 CL Park City, TX ID POSITRON EMISSION TOMOGRAPHY; WORKING-MEMORY; SENTENCE COMPREHENSION; VARIABILITY; SPEECH; CORTEX; FMRI AB Background: Previous research using functional MRI (fMRI) suggests changes in cortical activation as a function of increased task difficulty. This relationship has not been explored in persons with aphasia even though it may have significant implications for pre- and posttreatment interpretation of fMRI data. Aims: The purpose of this exploratory study was to investigate the relationship between changes in language task difficulty and cortical activation in persons with aphasia. Methods & Procedures: Four persons with chronic anomic or Broca's aphasia and four matched control participants underwent fMRI while performing a picture-word matching task. Outcomes & Results: Compared to the more difficult task condition, all participants performed with greater accuracy on the easier condition. Moreover, greater mean blood oxygenated level dependent (BOLD) signal intensity and area recruitment were noted during the more difficult condition for three out of four persons with aphasia as well as three of the four controls. The increase in cortical activity was mainly noted in the superior temporal and posterior inferior frontal lobes. Conclusions: The present findings mirror those found in previous studies of normal subjects in that cortical activation increased in parallel to task difficulty for most of our participants. It is unclear what mechanism accounts for this effect; this phenomenon might need to be considered in future fMRI studies of neural plasticity associated with aphasia treatment. C1 Univ S Carolina, Dept Commun Sci & Disorders, Columbia, SC 29208 USA. RP Fridriksson, J (reprint author), Univ S Carolina, Dept Commun Sci & Disorders, Williams Brice Nursing Bldg,6th Floor,1621 Greene, Columbia, SC 29208 USA. EM jfridrik@sc.edu CR Aguirre GK, 1998, NEUROIMAGE, V8, P360, DOI 10.1006/nimg.1998.0369 Anderson KE, 2002, PROG NEURO-PSYCHOPH, V26, P647, DOI 10.1016/S0278-5846(01)00300-1 BINDER JR, 1994, ANN NEUROL, V35, P662, DOI 10.1002/ana.410350606 BOTTINI G, 1994, BRAIN, V117, P1241, DOI 10.1093/brain/117.6.1241 Braver TS, 1997, NEUROIMAGE, V5, P49, DOI 10.1006/nimg.1996.0247 Burton MW, 2001, BRAIN LANG, V77, P119, DOI 10.1006/brln.2000.2444 Carpenter PA, 1999, J COGNITIVE NEUROSCI, V11, P9, DOI 10.1162/089892999563210 Caspari I, 1998, BRAIN COGNITION, V37, P205, DOI 10.1006/brcg.1997.0970 Chein JM, 2003, J NEUROLINGUIST, V16, P315, DOI 10.1016/S0911-6044(03)00021-6 Coull JT, 1996, NEUROPSYCHOLOGIA, V34, P1085, DOI 10.1016/0028-3932(96)00029-2 Cowan N., 1999, MODELS WORKING MEMOR, P62, DOI DOI 10.1017/CB09781139174909.006 Dhamala M, 2003, NEUROIMAGE, V20, P918, DOI 10.1016/S1053-8119(03)00304-5 Francis WN, 1982, FREQUENCY ANAL ENGLI FRIDRIKSSON J, 2005, UNPUB MEASURING HEMO GASCHLERMARKEFSKI, 2003, BRAIN LANG, V87, P198 GRASBY PM, 1994, BRAIN, V117, P1271, DOI 10.1093/brain/117.6.1271 Just MA, 1996, SCIENCE, V274, P114, DOI 10.1126/science.274.5284.114 Keller TA, 2001, CEREB CORTEX, V11, P223, DOI 10.1093/cercor/11.3.223 Kertesz A., 1982, W APHASIA BATTERY MAZOYER BM, 1993, J COGNITIVE NEUROSCI, V5, P467, DOI 10.1162/jocn.1993.5.4.467 *MRI DEV CORP, 2000, INT FUNCT IM SYST PASHEK GV, 1982, J SPEECH HEAR RES, V25, P377 Postle BR, 2001, COGN AFFECT BEHAV NE, V1, P10, DOI 10.3758/CABN.1.1.10 *PSYCH SOFTW TOOLS, 2000, E PRIM 1 0 Riecker A, 2003, NEUROIMAGE, V18, P731, DOI 10.1016/S1053-8119(03)00003-X Rorden C, 2000, BEHAV NEUROL, V12, P191 Rypma B, 1999, NEUROIMAGE, V9, P216, DOI 10.1006/nimg.1998.0404 Santo Pietro M J, 1982, J Speech Hear Res, V25, P184 Silkes JP, 2004, J SPEECH LANG HEAR R, V47, P610, DOI 10.1044/1092-4388(2004/047) Stromswold K, 1996, BRAIN LANG, V52, P452, DOI 10.1006/brln.1996.0024 Talairach J., 1988, COPLANAR STEREOTAXIC NR 31 TC 20 Z9 21 PU PSYCHOLOGY PRESS PI HOVE PA 27 CHURCH RD, HOVE BN3 2FA, EAST SUSSEX, ENGLAND SN 0268-7038 J9 APHASIOLOGY JI Aphasiology PD MAR-MAY PY 2005 VL 19 IS 3-5 BP 239 EP 250 DI 10.1080/02687030444000714 PG 12 WC Clinical Neurology SC Neurosciences & Neurology GA 931IL UT WOS:000229478900004 ER PT J AU Olness, GS Ulatowska, HK Carpenter, CM Williams-Hubbard, LJ Dykes, JC AF Olness, GS Ulatowska, HK Carpenter, CM Williams-Hubbard, LJ Dykes, JC TI Holistic assessment of narrative quality: A social validation study SO APHASIOLOGY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 34th Annual Clinical Aphasiology Conference CY 2004 CL Park City, TX ID DISCOURSE; STORY; PERFORMANCE; APHASIA AB Background: There is a tradition of social validation studies in the adult clinical treatment literature that has not yet been extended to narrative evaluation. This social validation process begins with lay listener holistic judgements of narrative quality for non-brain-injured narrators, and compares these judgements to clinician-researchers' assessments of the same narratives. The resulting narratives rated for quality reflect the premorbid range of skills in clinical populations, and overall narrative performance. Narratives whose quality has been assessed holistically by laypersons can be further examined for the qualitative and quantitative dimensions that characterise them. Aims: This study explores the social validity of clinical narrative assessment. Specifically, it examines the degree to which clinicians' holistic and analytic assessments of narrative quality parallel holistic narrative quality judgements of a lay audience, for a set of narratives produced by non-brain-injured narrators. It also examines the characteristics of narratives along a continuum of quality. Methods & Procedures: A total of 14 African American and 15 Caucasian lay individuals holistically rated the quality of personal narratives produced by ethnicity-matched groups of 37 African-American and 34 Caucasian non-brain-injured narrators, respectively. Five clinical raters holistically rated all narratives. Additionally, lay raters were asked for their intuitions about what contributes to narrative quality. They also ranked six researcher-specified dimensions for their importance in determining narrative quality. High-rated and low-rated narratives were compared on dimensions of length, content, and narrative structure. Outcomes & Results: Agreement between lay and clinical rater groups was found for a subset of high-rated and low-rated stories, which constituted one-quarter to one-third of the total narratives. A similar level of agreement was found for male and female lay raters. Rater-group disagreements at the extremes of narrative quality were rare. Certain of the lay raters' characterisations of good and poor narratives corresponded to narrative dimensions discussed in the literature and defined by the researchers. High-rated stories were longer, more conventionally structured, and different in content from low-quality stories. Conclusions: For personal narratives at the extremes of perceived quality (high and low), evidence for social validity in narrative assessment is manifested both at the holistic assessment level, and at the level of the dimensions thought to contribute to narrative quality. The results contribute to our understanding of the normal range of narrative performance. C1 Univ Texas, Callier Ctr Commun Disorders, Dallas, TX 75235 USA. RP Olness, GS (reprint author), Univ Texas, Callier Ctr Commun Disorders, 1966 Inwood Rd, Dallas, TX 75235 USA. EM golness@utdallas.edu CR Armstrong E, 2000, APHASIOLOGY, V14, P875, DOI 10.1080/02687030050127685 Elman RJ, 1995, CLIN APHASIOL, V23, P77 FEATHERMAN DL, 1980, 7948 U WISC CTR DEM Gillam R., 1994, J CHILDHOOD COMMUNIC, V16, P36 GLEITMAN H, 1979, INDIVIDUAL DIFFERENC, P103 Johnstone B., 1996, LINGUISTIC INDIVIDUA Labov William, 1967, ESSAYS VERBAL VISUAL, P12 Lapointe LL, 1999, APHASIOLOGY, V13, P787 MCCABE A, 1984, J PSYCHOLINGUIST RES, V13, P457, DOI 10.1007/BF01068179 McFadden TU, 1996, LANG SPEECH HEAR SER, V27, P48 Morgan M, 2002, LANGUAGE DISCOURSE P Olness G. S., 2002, APHASIOLOGY, V16, P623, DOI 10.1080/02687030244000095 PATRY R, 1990, DISCOURSE ABILITY BR, P3 Schneider P, 2002, J SPEECH LANG HEAR R, V45, P372, DOI 10.1044/1092-4388(2002/029) Tannen Deborah, 1993, GENDER CONVERSATIONA Ulatowska H. K., 2004, MIT ENCY COMMUNICATI, P300 Ulatowska HK, 2004, ADV SPEECH LANGUAGE, V6, P3 Ulatowska HK, 2001, APHASIOLOGY, V15, P1007 Ulatowska HK, 2003, APHASIOLOGY, V17, P511, DOI 10.1080/02687030344000102 Van Dijk T. A., 1983, STRATEGIES DISCOURSE NR 20 TC 9 Z9 10 PU PSYCHOLOGY PRESS PI HOVE PA 27 CHURCH RD, HOVE BN3 2FA, EAST SUSSEX, ENGLAND SN 0268-7038 J9 APHASIOLOGY JI Aphasiology PD MAR-MAY PY 2005 VL 19 IS 3-5 BP 251 EP 262 DI 10.1080/02687030444000723 PG 12 WC Clinical Neurology SC Neurosciences & Neurology GA 931IL UT WOS:000229478900005 ER PT J AU Wright, HH Capilouto, GJ Wagovich, SA Cranfill, TB Davis, JE AF Wright, HH Capilouto, GJ Wagovich, SA Cranfill, TB Davis, JE TI Development and reliability of a quantitative measure of adults' narratives SO APHASIOLOGY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 34th Annual Clinical Aphasiology Conference CY 2004 CL Park City, TX ID LIFE-SPAN CHANGES; CONNECTED SPEECH; INJURED ADULTS; OLDER-ADULTS; LANGUAGE AB Background: Assessing narrative discourse production in persons with aphasia has long challenged clinicians seeking to improve functional outcomes. Fortunately, the development of single picture or picture sequence stimuli has enabled clinicians to quantify aspects of elicited narrative discourse production in a clinical context. However, also needed for the analysis of the narrative discourse of individuals with aphasia are performance data for adults without brain damage. Such comparative data of both younger and older adults would considerably extend the clinical usefulness of discourse tasks that incorporate picture stimuli. However, elicited narrative discourse samples are only valuable as assessment tasks if the procedure yields samples of similar quality for an individual over time. Aims: The main objectives of this investigation were (a) to characterise the quality of the discourse narratives of non-brain-damaged (NBD) adults, examining the effects of stimulus types on their performance; (b) to compare the proportion of main events conveyed by younger and older NBD adults on the elicited narrative task, and (c) to estimate the test-retest reliability of these tasks with each group of participants. Methods & Procedures: A total of 40 neurologically intact adults were divided into younger (YG; N= 21) and older (OD; N= 19) groups. Participants attended two sessions, 10-20 days apart. Each time, participants viewed two pictures and two picture sequences (Nicholas & Brookshire, 1993) and told what was going on in the pictures. The language samples of each participant were then evaluated for the proportion of main events included, and test-retest reliability was assessed. Outcomes & Results: The YG group conveyed a significantly larger proportion of main events than the OD group. The main effect for picture stimulus was also significant; participants told significantly more main events in response to sequential versus single picture stimuli, regardless of age. Test-retest results yielded strong, positive correlations between sessions for both groups. Conclusions: Our findings suggest that age does influence performance in elicited narrative discourse. The YG group conveyed more causal links and relationships between the events depicted in the pictures than the OD group. Test-retest results indicate that the measure is stable over time for younger and older adults without brain damage. C1 Univ Kentucky, Div Commun Disorders, Lexington, KY 40536 USA. Univ Missouri, Columbia, MO USA. RP Wright, HH (reprint author), Univ Kentucky, Div Commun Disorders, CT Wethington Bldg,900 S Limestone,Room 120K, Lexington, KY 40536 USA. EM hhwrig2@uky.edu CR BENJAMIN BJ, 1988, COMMUNICATION BEHAV, P164 CAPILOUTO G, 2003, INOFRMATIVENESS EFFI Coelho CA, 2002, J SPEECH LANG HEAR R, V45, P1232, DOI 10.1044/1092-4388(2002/099) Cooper P. V., 1990, J GERONTOL B-PSYCHOL, V45, P210 FOLSTEIN M, 1975, J PSYCHIAT RES, V72, P189 Garvey C., 1977, INTERACTION CONVERSA Goodglass H., 1983, BOSTON DIAGNOSTIC AP, V2nd HEATH SB, 1986, TOP LANG DISORD, V7, P84 James LE, 1998, PSYCHOL AGING, V13, P355, DOI 10.1037//0882-7974.13.3.355 KEMPER S, 1989, APPL PSYCHOLINGUIST, V10, P49, DOI 10.1017/S0142716400008419 Kemper S., 1990, EUROPEAN J COGNITIVE, V2, P205, DOI 10.1080/09541449008406205 KEMPER S, 1987, J GERONTOL, V42, P323 Kynette D., 1986, LANG COMMUN, V6, P43 LILES BZ, 1989, J SPEECH HEAR DISORD, V54, P356 MACLACHLAN BG, 1988, J SPEECH HEAR DISORD, V53, P2 Nicholas Linda E., 1995, Journal of Speech and Hearing Research, V38, P145 NICHOLAS LE, 1993, J SPEECH HEAR RES, V36, P338 NORTH AJ, 1986, INT J AGING HUM DEV, V23, P267, DOI 10.2190/BPF0-2BWD-BGNQ-HWCW POTECHIN GC, 1987, CLIN APHASIOLOGY, P216 Sacks Harvey, 1972, STUDIES SOCIAL INTER Stein N. L., 1979, NEW DIRECTIONS DISCO Stout CE, 2000, J MED SPEECH-LANG PA, V8, P15 ULATOWSKA HK, 1986, BRAIN LANG, V28, P24, DOI 10.1016/0093-934X(86)90088-X WALLACH GP, 1988, LANGUAGE INTERVENTIO YORKSTON KM, 1980, J SPEECH HEAR DISORD, V45, P27 NR 25 TC 11 Z9 11 PU PSYCHOLOGY PRESS PI HOVE PA 27 CHURCH RD, HOVE BN3 2FA, EAST SUSSEX, ENGLAND SN 0268-7038 J9 APHASIOLOGY JI Aphasiology PD MAR-MAY PY 2005 VL 19 IS 3-5 BP 263 EP 273 DI 10.1080/02687030444000732 PG 11 WC Clinical Neurology SC Neurosciences & Neurology GA 931IL UT WOS:000229478900006 ER PT J AU Coelho, CA AF Coelho, CA TI Direct attention training as a treatment for reading impairment in mild aphasia SO APHASIOLOGY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 34th Annual Clinical Aphasiology Conference CY 2004 CL Park City, TX ID WORKING-MEMORY; ALEXIA AB Background: Although a variety of interventions for acquired reading disorders have been described in the aphasia literature, most have been designed for severe impairments. Individuals with mildly impaired reading characterised by inconsistent comprehension problems and/or by slower and variable reading rates, do not seem to benefit as much from these treatment approaches. These difficulties suggest relatively intact constituent reading processes that may be functioning inefficiently. Attentional deficits have been described in individuals with a variety of reading disabilities including acquired dyslexia. Although the treatment of nonlinguistic cognitive abilities such as attention has been suggested as an approach to improving language function in aphasia, little evidence exists documenting the treatment effectiveness of such interventions for aphasia in general, or reading in particular. Aims: The present study is a case report of an individual with mild aphasia whose primary complaint was reading difficulty. A treatment approach directed towards improving various aspects of attention was implemented. Aspects of reading were monitored as outcome measures. It was hypothesised that treatment based on attention training would facilitate improvements in this individual's reading. Methods & Procedures: The treatment programme was based on Attention Process Training-II (APT-II) (Sohlberg, Johnson, Paule, Raskin, & Mateer, 2001). The eight-week programme began with activities/tasks addressing sustained attention, and progressed through alternating, selective, and divided attention. Baseline and treatment probes consisted of the individual reading magazine articles and answering comprehension questions. Reading rate was also monitored. Outcomes & Results: The individual treated in this study progressed steadily through the APT-II programme. Treatment effects for improved reading comprehension and decreased reading rate were noted. In addition, changes in pre- and post-treatment test scores, reported reading effort, and reading enjoyment were also documented. Conclusions: The observed reading improvements were not felt to be the result of linguistic recovery. As this individual's proficiency to sustain attention, cope with distractions, and concentrate increased, her ability to read longer, more complex materials also improved. These results are consistent with previous studies that have noted improvements in nonlinguistic cognitive abilities of individuals with aphasia following direct intervention. C1 Univ Connecticut, Dept Commun Sci, Storrs, CT 06269 USA. Hosp Special Care, New Britain, CT USA. RP Coelho, CA (reprint author), Univ Connecticut, Dept Commun Sci, Unit 1085, Storrs, CT 06269 USA. EM coelho@uconn.edu CR Beeson P. M., 1998, CLIN DECISION MAKING, P153 Beeson PM, 1998, J INT NEUROPSYCH SOC, V4, P621 Caspari I, 1998, BRAIN COGNITION, V37, P205, DOI 10.1006/brcg.1997.0970 Conway TW, 1998, J INT NEUROPSYCH SOC, V4, P608 HARDIN K, 2004, 34 CLIN APH C PARK C Kertesz A., 1982, W APHASIA BATTERY Korda RJ, 1997, J CLIN EXP NEUROPSYC, V19, P525, DOI 10.1080/01688639708403742 Kromrey JD, 1996, J EXP EDUC, V65, P73 LaPointe L., 1998, READING COMPREHENSIO Mayer JF, 2002, APHASIOLOGY, V16, P727, DOI 10.1080/02687030143000870 MCNEIL MR, 1991, CLIN APHASIOLOGY, V20, P21 Murray LL, 1999, APHASIOLOGY, V13, P91, DOI 10.1080/026870399402226 Murray LL, 1998, J SPEECH LANG HEAR R, V41, P213 NICKELS L, 1992, COGNITIVE NEUROPSYCH, V9, P155, DOI 10.1080/02643299208252057 Robertson IH, 1994, TEST EVERYDAY ATTENT SHALLICE T, 1977, NEUROPSYCHOLOGIA, V15, P31, DOI 10.1016/0028-3932(77)90112-9 Sohlberg M., 1994, ATTENTION PROCESS TR Sohlberg M.K.M., 2001, COGNITIVE REHABILITA Sohlberg MM, 2003, J MED SPEECH-LANG PA, V11, pXIX Steinman SB, 1998, OPTOMETRY VISION SCI, V75, P674, DOI 10.1097/00006324-199809000-00023 TOMPKINS CA, 1994, J SPEECH HEAR RES, V37, P896 Wiederholt J. L., 2001, GRAY ORAL READING TE NR 22 TC 19 Z9 19 PU PSYCHOLOGY PRESS PI HOVE PA 27 CHURCH RD, HOVE BN3 2FA, EAST SUSSEX, ENGLAND SN 0268-7038 J9 APHASIOLOGY JI Aphasiology PD MAR-MAY PY 2005 VL 19 IS 3-5 BP 275 EP 283 DI 10.1080/02687030444000741 PG 9 WC Clinical Neurology SC Neurosciences & Neurology GA 931IL UT WOS:000229478900007 ER PT J AU Armstrong, E AF Armstrong, E TI Expressing opinions and feelings in aphasia: Linguistic options SO APHASIOLOGY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 34th Annual Clinical Aphasiology Conference CY 2004 CL Park City, TX ID VERB RETRIEVAL; DIVERSITY; NOUNS AB Background: To date, most studies of verb usage in aphasia have focused on the use of relatively concrete action verbs, related to how a speaker conveys events and happenings. Few have focused on the speaker's ability to provide an opinion on these events or personal reactions to them, important skills in conveying personal identity in everyday contexts. Aims: This study aims to examine the ability of aphasic speakers to express opinions, feelings, and attitudes through the use of particular verbs that are related to mental processes and to personal evaluation. In comparing their performance with non-brain-damaged speakers, the effects of aphasia on these particular linguistic functions will be investigated. Methods & Procedures: Five individuals with aphasia and five non-brain-damaged speakers were matched for age, gender, and years of education. Their discourse across three topics was analysed using Halliday's (1994) framework of verb types-in particular focusing on mental and relational verbs. Outcomes & Results: Results demonstrated less ability overall by aphasic speakers to express opinions, feelings, and attitudes using the particular verb types studied. In addition, the aphasic speakers tended to have less lexical diversity and used more general and high-frequency mental verbs compared to their non-brain-damaged counterparts. Conclusions: The study suggests that some aphasic speakers do have difficulty with mental and relational verbs used by non-brain-damaged speakers to express personal opinions and attitudes. This demonstrates that the lexical/grammatical problems encountered by aphasic speakers go beyond the relatively concrete action verbs previously studied, and in so doing, have a significant impact on the individual's ability to express their identity. Focusing on different types of verbs may be useful in treatment in order to facilitate the broader range of meanings that people with aphasia need in everyday situations. C1 Macquarie Univ, Dept Linguist, N Ryde, NSW 2109, Australia. RP Armstrong, E (reprint author), Macquarie Univ, Dept Linguist, N Ryde, NSW 2109, Australia. EM barmstrong@ling.mq.edu.au CR Bastiaanse R, 2001, BRAIN LANG, V77, P274, DOI 10.1006/brln.2000.2401 Bastiaanse R, 1998, APHASIOLOGY, V12, P951, DOI 10.1080/02687039808249463 Beretta A, 2001, BRAIN COGNITION, V46, P42, DOI 10.1016/S0278-2626(01)80030-0 Berndt RS, 2002, APHASIOLOGY, V16, P83, DOI 10.1080/02687040143000212 Best W, 2002, APHASIOLOGY, V16, P151 Fairclough N., 1992, DISCOURSE SOCIAL CHA Goodglass H., 1983, BOSTON DIAGNOSTIC AP, V2nd Grodzinsky Y, 1995, BRAIN LANG, V51, P469, DOI 10.1006/brln.1995.1072 Halliday M. A., 1994, INTRO FUNCTIONAL GRA, V3rd Kim M, 2000, BRAIN LANG, V74, P1, DOI 10.1006/brin.2000.2315 Martin JR, 2000, EVALUATION TEXT NICKELS L, 1995, NEUROPSYCHOLOGIA, V33, P1281, DOI 10.1016/0028-3932(95)00102-9 POUND C, 2000, APHASIA THERAPIES LI Raymer AM, 2002, APHASIOLOGY, V16, P1031, DOI 10.1080/026870401430000609 Silveri MC, 2003, BRAIN LANG, V85, P49, DOI 10.1016/S0093-934X(02)00504-7 WACHAL RS, 1973, LANG SPEECH, V16, P169 NR 16 TC 12 Z9 12 PU PSYCHOLOGY PRESS PI HOVE PA 27 CHURCH RD, HOVE BN3 2FA, EAST SUSSEX, ENGLAND SN 0268-7038 J9 APHASIOLOGY JI Aphasiology PD MAR-MAY PY 2005 VL 19 IS 3-5 BP 285 EP 295 DI 10.1080/02687030444000750 PG 11 WC Clinical Neurology SC Neurosciences & Neurology GA 931IL UT WOS:000229478900008 ER PT J AU Youse, KM Coelho, CA Mozeiko, JL Feinn, R AF Youse, KM Coelho, CA Mozeiko, JL Feinn, R TI Discourse characteristics of closed-head-injured and non-brain-injured adults misclassified by discriminant function analyses SO APHASIOLOGY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 34th Annual Clinical Aphasiology Conference CY 2004 CL Park City, TX ID NARRATIVES; COHESION AB Background: In a previous study, discriminant function analyses (DFA) were employed to determine the accuracy of various story narrative and conversational discourse measures in classifying non-brain-injured (NBI) and closed-head-injured (CHI) adults (Coelho, Youse, Le, & Feinn, 2003). The DFAs correctly predicted group membership with 70-81% accuracy. Aims: The present study re-examined the performance of the CHI and NBI participants who were incorrectly classified in an effort to determine what aspects of their discourse performance contributed to the misclassifications. It was hypothesised that the misclassifications were due to the relatively broad range in performance on the discourse measures, resulting in considerable overlap between the NBI and CHI participants. Methods & Procedures: Scores for the story narrative and conversational discourse measures that made the largest contribution to the correct classification of the two participant groups were re-examined for the CHI and NBI participants who were misclassified by the DFA in the previous study (Coelho et al., 2003). Outcomes & Results: Results indicated that there was considerable overlap in the discourse performance of the two participant groups for several of the story narrative and conversational discourse measures. Conclusions: The performance overlaps occurred on many of the same discourse measures that were noted to be fairly good discriminators of CHI versus NBI discourse performance in the original study. Consequently, recommendations regarding elimination of certain measures to streamline the discourse analysis procedure could not be made. Other factors such as sampling discourse acontextually and specific participant characteristics undoubtedly influenced these findings as well. In addition, the DFA procedure utilised in the original study did not take into account the heterogeneity of discourse data. Nonparametric procedures such as classification and regression trees (CART) (Breiman, Friedman, Olshen, & Stone, 1984; Johnson & Wichern, 2002) may be better suited for the classification of nonhomogeneous populations such as individuals with CHI. C1 Univ Connecticut, Dept Commun Sci, CCC, SLP, Storrs, CT 06269 USA. Hosp Special Care, New Britain, CT USA. Univ Connecticut, Ctr Hlth, Farmington, CT USA. RP Youse, KM (reprint author), Univ Connecticut, Dept Commun Sci, CCC, SLP, 850 Bolton Rd,Unit 1085, Storrs, CT 06269 USA. EM kyouse@prodigy.net CR Armstrong E., 2002, APHASIOLOGY, V16, P647, DOI 10.1080/02687030244000112 BLANK M, 1980, APPL PSYCHOLINGUIST, V1, P127, DOI 10.1017/S0142716400000801 Bond F, 1997, BRAIN INJURY, V11, P319, DOI 10.1080/026990597123476 Coelho C. A., 2002, APHASIOLOGY, V16, P659, DOI 10.1080/02687030244000275 Coelho CA, 2003, APHASIOLOGY, V17, P499, DOI 10.1080/02687030344000111 Coelho CA, 2002, J SPEECH LANG HEAR R, V45, P1232, DOI 10.1044/1092-4388(2002/099) COELHO CA, 1995, BRAIN INJURY, V9, P471, DOI 10.3109/02699059509008206 COELHO CA, 1991, ARCH PHYS MED REHAB, V72, P465 HUGHES D, 1999, GUIDE NARRATIVE LANG HARTLEY L L, 1991, Brain Injury, V5, P267, DOI 10.3109/02699059109008097 Johnson RA, 2002, APPL MULTIVARIATE ST, V5th Kertesz A., 1982, W APHASIA BATTERY LEZAK MD, 2004, NEUROPSYCHOLOGICAL A LILES BZ, 1985, J SPEECH HEAR RES, V28, P123 MCGANN W, 1995, BRAIN INJURY, V9, P93, DOI 10.3109/02699059509004575 MENTIS M, 1987, J SPEECH HEAR RES, V30, P88 Olshen R., 1984, CLASSIFICATION REGRE, V1st Snow P, 1997, BRAIN INJURY, V11, P409 SNOW P, 1999, COMMUNICATION DISORD, P217 SNOW P, 1995, APHASIOLOGY, V9, P365, DOI 10.1080/02687039508248210 Sohlberg M.K.M., 2001, COGNITIVE REHABILITA TOGHER L, 1999, COMMUNICATION SKILLS, P113 WINTER P, 1976, BEAR FLY NR 23 TC 3 Z9 3 PU PSYCHOLOGY PRESS PI HOVE PA 27 CHURCH RD, HOVE BN3 2FA, EAST SUSSEX, ENGLAND SN 0268-7038 J9 APHASIOLOGY JI Aphasiology PD MAR-MAY PY 2005 VL 19 IS 3-5 BP 297 EP 313 DI 10.1080/02687030444000769 PG 17 WC Clinical Neurology SC Neurosciences & Neurology GA 931IL UT WOS:000229478900009 ER PT J AU Kiran, S Tuchtenhagen, J AF Kiran, S Tuchtenhagen, J TI Imageability effects in normal Spanish-English bilingual adults and in aphasia: Evidence from naming to definition and semantic priming tasks SO APHASIOLOGY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 34th Annual Clinical Aphasiology Conference CY 2004 CL Park City, TX ID DUAL-CODING THEORY; WORD TRANSLATION; CONTEXT AVAILABILITY; LEXICAL DECISIONS; CONCRETE WORDS; LANGUAGE; SPEAKERS; MEMORY; REPRESENTATION; COGNATE AB Background: Whereas the effect of imageability on lexical access has received attention in normal monolingual individuals and in individuals with aphasia, its effect on normal bilingual access and in bilingual aphasia has not been systematically addressed. Aim: The goal of the present experiment was to examine the effects of imageability in normal bilingual adults and in one patient with bilingual aphasia by addressing the following questions: (a) Is there a difference in language performance in early L2 bilinguals? (b) Is there a difference between concrete and abstract words across both languages? (c) Is there a difference between accuracy on a naming to definition task and semantic priming task across language and imageability? Methods & Procedures: A total of 15 normal Spanish-English bilingual adults and I bilingual aphasic individual performed two tasks - a naming to definition task and a semantic priming task in English and in Spanish. The targets in both tasks were either concrete or abstract nouns and the words were translation equivalents in the two languages. Naming accuracy in both languages and for both levels of imageability was measured during the naming to definition task. Mean reaction times and accuracy rates to judge relatedness of word pairs on the semantic priming task were also measured. Results: Results indicated that across tasks, performance was better in English than in Spanish, indicating an English dominance in the normal bilingual adults, although performance was the same across languages in the aphasic patient. Across tasks and languages, responses were faster and more accurate for concrete words than abstract words. Finally, retrieval of abstract words was significantly more difficult during naming to definition than during semantic priming, reflecting a processing difference between concrete and abstract words in retrieval of their respective phonological forms. Conclusions: These results highlight differences between concrete and abstract words in conceptual/semantic representations and phonological retrieval that are notably consistent across both languages in a bilingual individual. Data from the one bilingual aphasic individual suggest the possibility of a systematic deterioration of the normal bilingual language system. C1 Univ Texas, Dept Commun Sci & Disorders, Austin, TX 78712 USA. RP Kiran, S (reprint author), Univ Texas, Dept Commun Sci & Disorders, CMA 7-206, Austin, TX 78712 USA. EM s-kiran@mail.utexas.edu CR Abutalebi J., 2001, BILING-LANG COGN, V4, P179 Costa A, 2000, J EXP PSYCHOL LEARN, V26, P1283, DOI 10.1037/0278-7393.26.5.1283 Costa A, 1999, J MEM LANG, V41, P365, DOI 10.1006/jmla.1999.2651 COSTA A, 2000, PSICOLOGICA, V21, P803 DEGROOT AMB, 1992, J EXP PSYCHOL LEARN, V18, P1001, DOI 10.1037/0278-7393.18.5.1001 DEGROOT AMB, 1993, STUDIES BILINGUALISM, P27 de Groot AMB, 2002, J MEM LANG, V47, P91, DOI 10.1006/jmla.2001.2840 DEGROOT AMB, 1994, J MEM LANG, V33, P600, DOI 10.1006/jmla.1994.1029 DRONKERS N, 1995, ASPECTS BILINGUAL AP, P57 DUFOUR R, 1995, MEM COGNITION, V23, P166, DOI 10.3758/BF03197219 Edmonds LA, 2004, APHASIOLOGY, V18, P567, DOI 10.1080/02687030444000057 deGroot AMB, 1997, LANG LEARN, V47, P215, DOI 10.1111/0023-8333.71997007 Frances N., 1982, FREQUENCY ANAL ENGLI FRANKLIN S, 1994, COGNITIVE NEUROPSYCH, V11, P1, DOI 10.1080/02643299408251964 FRANKLIN S, 1995, COGNITIVE NEUROPSYCH, V12, P549, DOI 10.1080/02643299508252007 Grosjean F., 1998, BILING-LANG COGN, V1, P131, DOI DOI 10.1017/S136672899800025X HERMEKING H, 1998, MOL CELL, V1, P3 JIN YS, 1990, PERCEPT MOTOR SKILL, V70, P1139, DOI 10.2466/PMS.70.4.1139-1154 Juilland A., 1964, FREQUENCY DICT SPANI Kaplan E., 1983, BOSTON NAMING TEST Kertesz A., 1982, W APHASIA BATTERY Kohnert K, 2002, J SPEECH LANG HEAR R, V45, DOI 10.1044/1092-4388(2002/061) KROLL JF, 1994, J MEM LANG, V33, P149, DOI 10.1006/jmla.1994.1008 Lalor E, 2001, APHASIOLOGY, V15, P1047 Munoz ML, 1999, BRAIN LANG, V66, P249, DOI 10.1006/brln.1998.2021 Munoz ML, 2003, APHASIOLOGY, V17, P1115, DOI 10.1080/02687030344000427 Newton PK, 1997, COGNITIVE NEUROPSYCH, V14, P481 PAIVIO A, 1988, J EXP PSYCHOL LEARN, V14, P163, DOI 10.1037/0278-7393.14.1.163 PAIVIO A, 1991, CAN J PSYCHOL, V45, P255, DOI 10.1037/h0084295 Paivio A., 1986, MENTAL REPRESENTATIO Paradis M., 1989, BILINGUAL APHASIA TE POTTER MC, 1984, J VERB LEARN VERB BE, V23, P23, DOI 10.1016/S0022-5371(84)90489-4 Roberts PM, 1999, J COMMUN DISORD, V32, P1, DOI 10.1016/S0021-9924(98)00026-4 Roberts PM, 1998, BRAIN LANG, V65, P287, DOI 10.1006/brln.1998.1992 SCHWANENFLUGEL PJ, 1988, J MEM LANG, V27, P499, DOI 10.1016/0749-596X(88)90022-8 SCHWANENFLUGEL PJ, 1989, READ RES QUART, V24, P114, DOI 10.2307/748013 SHOLL A, 1995, PSYCHOL SCI, V6, P45, DOI 10.1111/j.1467-9280.1995.tb00303.x STADIE N, 1995, ASPECTS BILINGUAL AP, P85 *U W AUSTR, 1988, MRC PSYCH DAT VAID J, 1991, BRAIN LANG, V41, P250, DOI 10.1016/0093-934X(91)90155-T VAID J, 1980, CAN J PSYCHOL, V34, P417, DOI 10.1037/h0081108 Van Hell J. G., 1998, BILING-LANG COGN, V1, P193, DOI [10.1017/S1366728998000352, DOI 10.1017/S1366728998000352] NR 42 TC 12 Z9 12 PU PSYCHOLOGY PRESS PI HOVE PA 27 CHURCH RD, HOVE BN3 2FA, EAST SUSSEX, ENGLAND SN 0268-7038 J9 APHASIOLOGY JI Aphasiology PD MAR-MAY PY 2005 VL 19 IS 3-5 BP 315 EP 327 DI 10.1080/02687030444000778 PG 13 WC Clinical Neurology SC Neurosciences & Neurology GA 931IL UT WOS:000229478900010 ER PT J AU Reilly, J Martin, N Grossman, M AF Reilly, J Martin, N Grossman, M TI Verbal learning in semantic dementia: Is repetition priming a useful strategy? SO APHASIOLOGY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 34th Annual Clinical Aphasiology Conference CY 2004 CL Park City, TX ID SHORT-TERM-MEMORY; MINI-MENTAL-STATE; FRONTOTEMPORAL DEMENTIA; SPEECH PRODUCTION; LEXICAL ACCESS; WORD-FREQUENCY; APHASIA; SPAN; INFORMATION; IMPAIRMENT AB Background: Semantic dementia (SD) is a neurodegenerative disease that impacts long-term conceptual and lexical knowledge (Hodges & Patterson, 1996). Severe naming difficulties are prevalent in SD, yet little is known about the potential for word learning in this population. Aims: We assessed patterns of repetition and implicit learning in patients with moderate to advanced SD via repeated exposure to word lists varied by frequency and imageability. We propose a tentative framework for the language loss incurred in SD and open a dialogue for treatment approaches targeted towards progressive semantic anomia. Methods and Procedures: In two experiments, we examined immediate serial recall and short-term learning in five patients with SD. We predicted reduced semantic effects (iinageability), preservation of lexical effects (frequency), and diminished primacy effects in serial recall, consistent with other semantically impaired populations (Martin & Saffran, 1997). We also predicted that severity of semantic impairment would modulate the facilitative effects of repeated exposure (i.e., repetition priming) on word list recall. Outcomes and Results: In immediate serial recall, all participants showed reduced imageability effects, but only one patient showed a significant word frequency advantage. Two patterns of serial position effects emerged: (1) poor recall of initial list items and (2) better recall of initial and final items. All participants showed minimal gains across repeated trials; however, patients who poorly recalled initial items showed the least benefit from repeated exposure. Conclusions: We discuss the usefulness of repetition-based interventions for SD and advocate maintenance of known vocabulary over reacquisition of forgotten words. We provide a theoretical framework for progressive language loss associated with SD; this model reflects an ordered reduction of lexical-semantic support coinciding with dementia severity. C1 Temple Univ, Dept Psychol, Philadelphia, PA 19122 USA. Moss Rehabil Res Inst, Philadelphia, PA USA. Univ Penn, Sch Med, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. RP Reilly, J (reprint author), Temple Univ, Dept Psychol, Weiss Hall, Philadelphia, PA 19122 USA. EM reillyj@temple.edu CR Bowie P, 1999, LANCET, V354, P1527, DOI 10.1016/S0140-6736(99)03486-8 BREEDIN SD, 1994, COGNITIVE NEUROPSYCH, V11, P617, DOI 10.1080/02643299408251987 CONRAD R, 1964, BRIT J PSYCHOL, V55, P429 FOLSTEIN MF, 1975, J PSYCHIAT RES, V12, P189, DOI 10.1016/0022-3956(75)90026-6 Foygel D, 2000, J MEM LANG, V43, P182, DOI 10.1006/jmla.2000.2716 Graham K S, 1997, J Int Neuropsychol Soc, V3, P534 GRAHAM KS, 2001, NEUROPSYCHOL REHABIL, V3, P429 Grandmaison E, 2003, J NEUROPSYCH CLIN N, V15, P130, DOI 10.1176/appi.neuropsych.15.2.130 GROSSMAN M, 2004, NEUROCASE, V11, P1 Grossman M, 2002, J INT NEUROPSYCH SOC, V8, P566, DOI 10.1017/S1355617701020318 HODGES JR, 1992, BRAIN, V115, P1783, DOI 10.1093/brain/115.6.1783 Hodges J R, 1996, J Int Neuropsychol Soc, V2, P511 HOPPER T, 2004, CLIN APH C PARK CIT Howard D., 1992, PYRAMIDS PALM TREES Hulme C, 1999, J EXP PSYCHOL LEARN, V25, P447, DOI 10.1037/0278-7393.25.2.447 JESCHENIAK JD, 1994, J EXP PSYCHOL LEARN, V20, P824, DOI 10.1037/0278-7393.20.4.824 Kaplan E, 1976, BOSTON NAMING TEST Knott R, 1997, COGNITIVE NEUROPSYCH, V14, P1165, DOI 10.1080/026432997381303 KROLL JF, 1986, J EXP PSYCHOL LEARN, V12, P92, DOI 10.1037/0278-7393.12.1.92 Kucera H., 1967, COMPUTATIONAL ANAL P Ralph MAL, 2001, J COGNITIVE NEUROSCI, V13, P341, DOI 10.1162/08989290151137395 Martin N, 1997, COGNITIVE NEUROPSYCH, V14, P641 MARTIN N, 1990, BRAIN LANG, V39, P254, DOI 10.1016/0093-934X(90)90014-8 Martin N, 2002, BRAIN LANG, V83, P92 Martin N, 2004, APHASIOLOGY, V18, P457, DOI 10.1080/02687030444000129 MESULAM MM, 1982, ANN NEUROL, V11, P592, DOI 10.1002/ana.410110607 Mummery CJ, 1998, J COGNITIVE NEUROSCI, V10, P766, DOI 10.1162/089892998563059 Neary D, 1998, NEUROLOGY, V51, P1546 PAIVIO A, 1968, J EXP PSYCHOL, V76, P1, DOI 10.1037/h0025327 PAIVIO A, 1994, J EXP PSYCHOL LEARN, V20, P1196, DOI 10.1037//0278-7393.20.5.1196 Reilly J, 2004, BRAIN LANG, V91, P140, DOI 10.1016/j.bandl.2004.06.073 SAFFRAN EM, 1975, BRAIN LANG, V2, P420, DOI 10.1016/S0093-934X(75)80081-2 SHULMAN HG, 1971, PSYCHOL BULL, V75, P399, DOI 10.1037/h0031257 Simons JS, 2000, REV NEUROPSYCHOL, V10, P199 Snowden JS, 2002, BRIT J PSYCHIAT, V180, P140, DOI 10.1192/bjp.180.2.140 WATKINS OC, 1977, J EXP PSYCHOL-HUM L, V3, P712, DOI 10.1037//0278-7393.3.6.712 NR 36 TC 20 Z9 22 PU PSYCHOLOGY PRESS PI HOVE PA 27 CHURCH RD, HOVE BN3 2FA, EAST SUSSEX, ENGLAND SN 0268-7038 J9 APHASIOLOGY JI Aphasiology PD MAR-MAY PY 2005 VL 19 IS 3-5 BP 329 EP 339 DI 10.1080/02687030444000787 PG 11 WC Clinical Neurology SC Neurosciences & Neurology GA 931IL UT WOS:000229478900011 ER PT J AU Orjada, SA Beeson, PM AF Orjada, SA Beeson, PM TI Concurrent treatment for reading and spelling in aphasia SO APHASIOLOGY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 34th Annual Clinical Aphasiology Conference CY 2004 CL Park City, TX ID ALEXIA; REHABILITATION; EFFICACY; ADULTS AB Background: Behavioural treatments for impairments of written language have had positive therapeutic effects in patients with alexia and agraphia. However, few researchers have documented the effect of concurrent administration of treatments for reading and writing. Combined treatment has the potential to be an efficient means of rehabilitation for individuals with both reading and spelling impairments. Aims: The present study was designed to examine the therapeutic value of a concurrent treatment for reading and spelling. The goals of treatment were to increase reading accuracy and rate for text and to improve spelling accuracy for single words. Methods & Procedures: An individual with chronic aphasia, alexia, and agraphia participated in the treatment, which consisted of a combination of Oral Reading Treatment (ORT) and Copy and Recall Treatment (CART) that was conducted for 10 weeks. Repeated probes at the beginning of each session were used to determine progress and maintenance of treatment gains. Additional language assessments were administered before and after treatment. Outcomes & Results: Large treatment effects were obtained for reading accuracy of personally relevant scripts and spelling of targeted words, and gains were maintained on follow-up probes. Reading rate for practiced text also improved, but did not generalise when reading new text. Pre- and post-treatment measures indicated significant improvement in reading and spelling of functors not specifically targeted in treatment, and increased grammatical complexity of spoken language. In addition, oral language performance as measured by the Western Aphasia Battery (WAB) showed clinically significant improvement. Conclusions: Concurrent reading and spelling treatment was successful in this patient with moderate aphasia. It appears to be an efficient way to effect change in written and spoken language in individuals with aphasia. C1 Univ Arizona, Dept Speech Language & Hearing Sci, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA. RP Orjada, SA (reprint author), Univ Arizona, Dept Speech Language & Hearing Sci, POB 210071, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA. EM sorjada@email.arizona.edu CR BARCIKOWSKI RS, 1985, SAMPLE SIZE SELECTIO Beeson P. B., 2001, LANGUAGE INTERVENTIO, P572 Beeson P. M., 1998, APPROACHES TREATMENT, P153 Beeson PM, 2003, J SPEECH LANG HEAR R, V46, P1038, DOI 10.1044/1092-4388(2003/083) Beeson PM, 2000, APHASIOLOGY, V14, P551 Beeson PM, 1999, APHASIOLOGY, V13, P767, DOI 10.1080/026870399401867 Beeson PM, 1998, J INT NEUROPSYCH SOC, V4, P621 Benson D. F., 1996, APHASIA CLIN PERSPEC Busk P. L., 1992, SINGLE CASE RES DESI Chapman R., 2000, SYSTEMATIC ANAL LANG CHERNEY LR, 1986, REHABIL LIT, V47, P112 Cherney LR, 1995, TOP STROKE REHABIL, V2, P57 Conway TW, 1998, J INT NEUROPSYCH SOC, V4, P608 Ellis A. W., 1993, READING WRITING DYSL Goodglass H., 1993, UNDERSTANDING APHASI GOODGLASS H, 1972, ASSESSMENT APHASIA O HELMESTABROOKS N, 2004, MANUAL APHASIA THERA Hillis A. E., 1994, COGNITIVE NEUROPSYCH Holland A. L., 2002, HDB ADULT LANGUAGE D, P413 Hunt K. W., 1965, 3 NAT COUNC TEACH EN HUNT KW, 1970, MONOGR SOC RES CHILD, V35, P1 Kertesz A., 1982, W APHASIA BATTERY MOYER SB, 1979, CORTEX, V15, P139 NICHOLAS LE, 1993, J SPEECH HEAR RES, V36, P338 ROBEY RR, 1994, BRAIN LANG, V47, P582, DOI 10.1006/brln.1994.1060 Robey RR, 1998, APHASIOLOGY, V12, P787, DOI 10.1080/02687039808249573 SCHWARTZ L, 1974, Cortex, V10, P278 TRUPE AEH, 1986, CLIN APHASIOLOGY TUOMAINEN J, 1991, APHASIOLOGY, V5, P401, DOI 10.1080/02687039108248542 Weekes B, 1996, COGNITIVE NEUROPSYCH, V13, P277, DOI 10.1080/026432996382033 Wiederholt J. L., 1992, GRAY ORAL READING TE Worrall L, 2000, APHASIOLOGY, V14, P911 Youmans G, 2005, APHASIOLOGY, V19, P435, DOI 10.1080/02687030444000877 NR 33 TC 7 Z9 7 PU PSYCHOLOGY PRESS PI HOVE PA 27 CHURCH RD, HOVE BN3 2FA, EAST SUSSEX, ENGLAND SN 0268-7038 J9 APHASIOLOGY JI Aphasiology PD MAR-MAY PY 2005 VL 19 IS 3-5 BP 341 EP 351 DI 10.1080/02687030444000796 PG 11 WC Clinical Neurology SC Neurosciences & Neurology GA 931IL UT WOS:000229478900012 ER PT J AU Melton, AK Bourgeois, MS AF Melton, AK Bourgeois, MS TI Training compensatory memory strategies via the telephone for persons with TBI SO APHASIOLOGY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 34th Annual Clinical Aphasiology Conference CY 2004 CL Park City, TX ID BRAIN INJURY; DEMENTIA; EFFICACY; ADULTS AB Background: Spaced retrieval training has been used to teach individuals with dementia to use compensatory memory strategies. This training has been delivered over the telephone to some persons with dementia. Spaced retrieval applications for individuals with traumatic brain injury have not been reported to date. Aims: The purpose of this study was to investigate the efficacy of spaced retrieval for teaching individuals with traumatic brain injury strategies and facts via the telephone, with an emphasis on generalisation. Methods & Procedures: Seven participants with chronic everyday memory problems due to traumatic brain injury were trained to use memory aids for prospective and episodic memory tasks. Participants demonstrated borderline normal to mild global severity ratings. Functional memory problems were identified and external memory aids were provided if appropriate. Participants were trained using spaced retrieval via the telephone 30 minutes per day; each participant was trained on three memory goals. Participants and some caregivers reported strategy use and generalisation for most trained goals. Outcomes & Results: Results indicated that goal attainment and generalisation were achieved in an average of five 30-minute training sessions, resulting in 94.4% spaced-retrieval goal maintenance at 1 month. Strategy execution at 1 month was reported on 77.7% of goals trained. Conclusions: Spaced retrieval is a viable approach for training individuals with traumatic brain injury to use external memory aids and learn prospective memory tasks. Telephone intervention should be considered as an accessible service delivery alternative to promote generalisation with this population. C1 Florida State Univ, Reg Rehabil Ctr 302, Tallahassee, FL 32306 USA. RP Bourgeois, MS (reprint author), Florida State Univ, Reg Rehabil Ctr 302, Tallahassee, FL 32306 USA. EM mbourgeo@garnet.acns.fsu.edu CR Abrahams Joel P., 1993, Clinical Gerontologist, V12, P57, DOI 10.1300/J018v12n03_06 Baddeley A. D., 1992, NEUROPSYCHOLOGY MEMO, P309 BIRD M, 1995, INT J GERIATR PSYCH, V10, P305, DOI 10.1002/gps.930100407 Bourgeois MS, 2003, J COMMUN DISORD, V36, P361, DOI 10.1016/S0021-9924(03)00051-0 Brush J. A., 1998, THERAPY TECHNIQUE IM BRUSH JA, 1997, ANN CONV OH SPEECH H Camp C. J., 1996, PROSPECTIVE MEMORY T, P351 Camp CJ, 1996, APPL COGNITIVE PSYCH, V10, P193, DOI 10.1002/(SICI)1099-0720(199606)10:3<193::AID-ACP374>3.0.CO;2-4 CAMP CJ, 1989, EDUC GERONTOL, V15, P641, DOI 10.1080/0380127890150608 CAMP CJ, 1990, CLIN GERONTOLOGIST, V10, P658 Coelho CA, 1996, J SPEECH HEAR RES, V39, pS5 FOLSTEIN MF, 1975, J PSYCHIAT RES, V12, P189, DOI 10.1016/0022-3956(75)90026-6 FOSS JW, 1993, COGNITIVE INTERVENTI FREEMAN M R, 1992, Brain Injury, V6, P65, DOI 10.3109/02699059209008124 GOLDSTEIN FC, 1991, MEMORY DISORDERS RES Hayden Claudia M., 1995, Clinical Gerontologist, V16, P80 HONSINGER MJ, 1991, COMMUNICATION DISORD, P103 Hotz G., 1991, BRIEF TEST HEAD INJU JACOBS HE, 1988, ARCH PHYS MED REHAB, V69, P425 Kowalske K, 2000, J HEAD TRAUMA REHAB, V15, P989 Mateer C. A., 1987, J HEAD TRAUMA REHAB, V2, P74, DOI DOI 10.1097/00001199-198709000-00009 McKitrick L. A., 1992, J GERONTOL, V47, P337, DOI 10.1093/geronj/47.5.P337 McMahon C. M., 2003, CLIN PSYCHOL, V7, P50, DOI 10.1080/13284200410001707483 MOFFAT N, 1989, EVERYDAY COGNITION A Raskin SA, 1996, J HEAD TRAUMA REHAB, V11, P32 SOHLBERG M M, 1992, Brain Injury, V6, P129, DOI 10.3109/02699059209029651 Sohlberg M. M., 1989, INTRO COGNITIVE REHA SOHLBERG MM, 1985, PROSPECTIVE MEMORY T Stevens Alan, 1993, Clinical Gerontologist, V13, P106 WEBB DM, 1991, COGNITIVE REHABILITA, P28 WHYTE J, 1988, REHABILITATION MED P, P565 NR 31 TC 19 Z9 20 PU PSYCHOLOGY PRESS PI HOVE PA 27 CHURCH RD, HOVE BN3 2FA, EAST SUSSEX, ENGLAND SN 0268-7038 J9 APHASIOLOGY JI Aphasiology PD MAR-MAY PY 2005 VL 19 IS 3-5 BP 353 EP 364 DI 10.1080/02687030444000804 PG 12 WC Clinical Neurology SC Neurosciences & Neurology GA 931IL UT WOS:000229478900013 ER PT J AU Avent, J Glista, S Wallace, S Jackson, J Nishioka, J Yip, W AF Avent, J Glista, S Wallace, S Jackson, J Nishioka, J Yip, W TI Family information needs about aphasia SO APHASIOLOGY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 34th Annual Clinical Aphasiology Conference CY 2004 CL Park City, TX ID SUPPORTED CONVERSATION; PARTNERS; STROKE; COMMUNICATION; INDIVIDUALS; SPOUSES; ADULTS AB Background: Comprehensive aphasia treatment includes interventions aimed at assisting family and friends in learning about and adjusting to aphasia. These interventions include education-oriented information, counselling and support, and communication skill training. While the need for family training and support is recognised, there is very little empirical evidence about the content or value of such assistance at different stages of aphasia. Aims: The primary objective of this study was to identify information needed by family members at the onset of aphasia (hospitalisation), initial rehabilitation, and chronic phases of aphasia. Methods and Procedures: A qualitative approach was used for this study. Focus groups of four to six participants were interviewed. Transcripts from the focus groups were analysed using a five-stage framework approach: familiarisation, identifying a thematic framework, indexing, charting, and mapping with interpretation. A total of 16 adult family members participated in the study. Results: Three thematic recommendations were identified across the three time periods. Based on number of times cited, family members rated information about aphasia most important, followed by psychosocial support and hopefulness. The specific type of information needed by families varied depending on the time post-onset of aphasia. Conclusions: Results from this study support research and educational materials that address the needs of family members of people with aphasia. This research provides guidelines for information from the perspective of a family member. C1 Calif State Univ Hayward, Hayward, CA 94542 USA. Western Michigan Univ, Kalamazoo, MI 49008 USA. RP Avent, J (reprint author), Calif State Univ Hayward, Hayward, CA 94542 USA. EM javent@csuhayward.edu CR Bays C L, 2001, Rehabil Nurs, V26, P18 BLOOM RL, 2003, AM SPEECH LANG HEAR Chapey R, 2001, LANGUAGE INTERVENTIO, P235 Chappell NL, 2002, GERONTOLOGIST, V42, P772 Damico JS, 1999, APHASIOLOGY, V13, P651 DOWRICHARDS C, 2000, TOPICS STROKE REHABI, V7, P44 Eames Sally, 2003, Top Stroke Rehabil, V10, P70 Helm-Estabrooks N, 2004, MANUAL APHASIA APHAS, V2nd HOLLAND A, 2002, AM SPEECH LANG HEAR Holland A, 2001, AM J SPEECH-LANG PAT, V10, P19, DOI 10.1044/1058-0360(2001/004) Kagan A, 2002, J COMMUN DISORD, V35, P153, DOI 10.1016/S0021-9924(02)00062-X Kagan A, 2001, J SPEECH LANG HEAR R, V44, P624, DOI 10.1044/1092-4388(2001/051) Kagan A, 1998, APHASIOLOGY, V12, P816, DOI 10.1080/02687039808249575 Krueger R. A, 1994, FOCUS GROUPS PRACTIC KUSTER J, 2000, TOPICS STROKE REHABI, V7, P21 LAPOINTE LL, 1997, APHASIA RELATED NEUR LEDORZE G, 1995, APHASIOLOGY, V9, P239 LUBINSKI R, 2001, LANGUAGE INTERVENTIO, P269 Michallet B, 2001, APHASIOLOGY, V15, P731, DOI 10.1080/02687040143000087 Morgan D. L., 1993, SUCCESSFUL FOCUS GRO Pound C, 2001, APHASIOLOGY, V15, P477, DOI 10.1080/02687040143000159 Richie J, 1994, ANAL QUALITATIVE DAT, P173 Rose TA, 2003, APHASIOLOGY, V17, P947, DOI 10.1080/02687030344000319 Rutledge DN, 2000, ONLINE J CLIN INNOVA, V3, P1 SARNO MT, 1993, APHASIOLOGY, V7, P321, DOI 10.1080/02687039308249514 SHEWAN CM, 1984, J COMMUN DISORD, V17, P175, DOI 10.1016/0021-9924(84)90010-8 Simmons-Mackie N, 1999, APHASIOLOGY, V13, P807 Stewart D.W., 1990, FOCUS GROUPS THEORY TANNER DC, 1999, FAMILY GUIDE SURVIVI Westby C, 2003, ASHA LEADER, V8, P4 NR 30 TC 24 Z9 24 PU PSYCHOLOGY PRESS PI HOVE PA 27 CHURCH RD, HOVE BN3 2FA, EAST SUSSEX, ENGLAND SN 0268-7038 J9 APHASIOLOGY JI Aphasiology PD MAR-MAY PY 2005 VL 19 IS 3-5 BP 365 EP 375 DI 10.1080/02687030444000813 PG 11 WC Clinical Neurology SC Neurosciences & Neurology GA 931IL UT WOS:000229478900014 ER PT J AU Purdy, M Hindenlang, J AF Purdy, M Hindenlang, J TI Educating and training caregivers of persons with aphasia SO APHASIOLOGY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 34th Annual Clinical Aphasiology Conference CY 2004 CL Park City, UT ID COMMUNICATION; ADULTS; PARTNERS; FAMILY; LIFE AB Background: Because communication deficits caused by aphasia affect both persons with aphasia and their communication partners, most speech-language pathologists are aware of the importance of client and caregiver education. To maximise the effectiveness of their communicative interactions, training should be conducted for both the aphasic clients and their caregivers. Training conducted in group environments offers peer support through shared learning experiences and joint problem solving. Aims: The purpose of this study was to explore the benefits of a caregiver education and training programme in improving communication between caregivers and their aphasic partners using didactic and experiential approaches in a group setting. Methods & Procedures: Ten caregivers and their aphasic partners, ranging from 4 to130 months post-stroke, participated in a 12-week group training and education programme. Information about stroke and aphasia was provided in a didactic format, and facilitative communication strategies were discussed and practised using Kolb's (1984) experiential learning cycle model. The experiential learning cycle involved drawing on concrete experiences, engaging in reflective observation and abstract conceptualisation, and practising what was learned through active experimentation. Outcomes & Results: Analysis of communicative performance on transactional and interactional tasks demonstrated increased communicative success. Responses on a questionnaire indicated that participants had a better understanding of aphasia and were more confident using facilitating strategies. Conclusions: Group education and training for caregivers and their aphasic partners can be beneficial, even after the couple has been living with aphasia for a number of years. Having an opportunity to practise, observe, and reflect on their performances facilitated participants' learning, and there were observed and reported positive alterations in interactions. C1 So Connecticut State Univ, Dept Commun Disorders, New Haven, CT 06515 USA. RP Purdy, M (reprint author), So Connecticut State Univ, Dept Commun Disorders, 501 Crescent St, New Haven, CT 06515 USA. EM purdym1@southernct.edu CR *ASHA, 1998, FUNCT COMM MEAS BOYD M, 1998, PSYCHIAT NURSING, P296 Chapey R, 2001, LANGUAGE INTERVENTIO, P235 Denby Florence, 2003, Top Stroke Rehabil, V9, P34 Elman Roberta J., 1999, Seminars in Speech and Language, V20, P65, DOI 10.1055/s-2008-1064009 Elman RJ, 1999, J SPEECH LANG HEAR R, V42, P411 Elman RJ, 1998, APHASIOLOGY, V12, P227, DOI 10.1080/02687039808249450 HELMICK JW, 1976, J SPEECH HEAR DISORD, V41, P238 Johannsen-Horbach Helga, 1999, Seminars in Speech and Language, V20, P73, DOI 10.1055/s-2008-1064010 Kagan A, 2001, J SPEECH LANG HEAR R, V44, P624, DOI 10.1044/1092-4388(2001/051) Kagan A., 1993, APHASIA TREATMENT WO, P199 Kolb D. A., 1984, EXPT LEARNING EXPERI LINEBAUGH C, 1978, CLIN APHASIOLOGY C P Lyon JG, 1997, APHASIOLOGY, V11, P693, DOI 10.1080/02687039708249416 Nichols F, 1996, APHASIOLOGY, V10, P767, DOI 10.1080/02687039608248449 SIMMONS N, 1989, CLIN APHASIOLOGY C P Simms NJ, 2001, EUR FED CORR PUBL, P246 Sorin-Peters R, 2003, APHASIOLOGY, V17, P405, DOI 10.1080/02687030244000752 TANNER D, 2003, PSYCHOL NEUROGENIC C WAHRBORG P, 1990, APHASIOLOGY, V4, P371, DOI 10.1080/02687039008249089 WILLIAMS SE, 1993, ARCH PHYSICAL MED RE, V74, P3611 World Health Organisation, 2001, INT CLASS FUNCT DIS NR 22 TC 16 Z9 17 PU PSYCHOLOGY PRESS PI HOVE PA 27 CHURCH RD, HOVE BN3 2FA, EAST SUSSEX, ENGLAND SN 0268-7038 J9 APHASIOLOGY JI Aphasiology PD MAR-MAY PY 2005 VL 19 IS 3-5 BP 377 EP 388 DI 10.1080/02687030444000822 PG 12 WC Clinical Neurology SC Neurosciences & Neurology GA 931IL UT WOS:000229478900015 ER PT J AU Hickey, EM Rondeau, G AF Hickey, EM Rondeau, G TI Social validation in aphasiology: Does judges' knowledge of aphasiology matter? SO APHASIOLOGY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 34th Annual Clinical Aphasiology Conference CY 2004 CL Park City, TX ID APPLIED BEHAVIOR ANALYSIS; SUPPORTED CONVERSATION; TRAINING VOLUNTEERS; TREATMENT OUTCOMES; VALIDITY; DISCHARGE; PARTNERS; PLATEAU; ADULTS; COMMUNICATION AB Background: Social validity assessments can be used to examine clinical significance of changes due to treatment of aphasia. Behavioural researchers have noted the need to investigate various methodological issues in social validity research. For example, differences in rater characteristics have been noted to influence social validation ratings of treatment outcomes. Aims: This study examined the possibility of differences in social validity ratings across judges with varying degrees of knowledge of and experience with aphasia. The secondary purpose was to replicate results of previous research that showed the clinical significance of communication partner training. Research questions included: (1) Does the level of knowledge of aphasia and experience with persons with aphasia result in a difference in social validity ratings of pre- and post-training conversations between a student volunteer and an elder with aphasia? (2) Will the significant social validity findings previously obtained from members of the extended community be replicated (Hickey, 2000)? Methods & Procedures: Ten naive individuals (no familiarity with aphasia), ten second-year graduate students majoring in speech-language pathology (some familiarity with aphasia), and ten Speech-Language Pathologists served as judges. After watching two pre- and two post-training videotaped conversations, the judges provided ratings for seven dimensions of conversations to examine clinical significance of changes in pre- and post-training conversations between a student volunteer and an elder with aphasia. A mixed design with between and within subjects effects, and interaction effects was used. Outcomes & Results: Repeated measures ANOVA revealed significant main effects for group on two items, significant main effects for training on all seven items, and significant interaction effects for five items. Pre-training ratings showed greater variability than post-training ratings. Naive judges provided the lowest pre-training ratings, and generally, the most change in pre- and post-training ratings. Post-training ratings of the three groups became more similar. Conclusions: This study suggests that truly naive judges who are representative of the general public may provide the most robust findings in social validation studies of aphasia treatment outcomes. However, further research is needed to determine the source of variability beyond level of knowledge of aphasia. This study also replicated the results of previous research by revealing the clinical significance of communication partner training for elders with aphasia. C1 Dalhousie Univ, Halifax, NS, Canada. RP Hickey, EM (reprint author), 5599 Fenwick St, Halifax, NS B3H 1R2, Canada. EM ehickey@dal.ca CR Carr JE, 1999, BEHAV INTERVENT, V14, P223, DOI 10.1002/(SICI)1099-078X(199910/12)14:4<223::AID-BIN37>3.0.CO;2-Y Doyle P. J., 1996, AM J SPEECH-LANG PAT, V5, P53, DOI 10.1044/1058-0360.0503.53 DOYLE PJ, 1987, J SPEECH HEAR DISORD, V52, P143 Elman RJ, 1998, APHASIOLOGY, V12, P227, DOI 10.1080/02687039808249450 Foster SL, 1999, J CONSULT CLIN PSYCH, V67, P308, DOI 10.1037//0022-006X.67.3.308 Hersh D, 1998, APHASIOLOGY, V12, P207, DOI 10.1080/02687039808249447 Hickey EM, 2004, APHASIOLOGY, V18, P625, DOI 10.1080/02687030444000093 HICKEY EM, 2000, THESIS U WASHINGTON Hopper T, 2002, APHASIOLOGY, V16, P745, DOI 10.1080/02687030244000059 Jacobs BJ, 2001, BRAIN LANG, V78, P115, DOI 10.1006/brln.2001.2452 Kagan A, 2001, J SPEECH LANG HEAR R, V44, P624, DOI 10.1044/1092-4388(2001/051) Kagan A, 1998, APHASIOLOGY, V12, P816, DOI 10.1080/02687039808249575 KANE R, 1982, PREDICTING COURSE NU KAZDIN AE, 1977, BEHAV MODIF, V1, P427, DOI 10.1177/014544557714001 KENEDY CH, 1992, BEHAV ANAL, V15, P147 Lapointe LL, 1999, APHASIOLOGY, V13, P787 LEDORZE G, 1995, APHASIOLOGY, V9, P239 Lustig AP, 2002, APHASIOLOGY, V16, P507, DOI 10.1080/02687030244000211 Lyon JG, 1997, APHASIOLOGY, V11, P693, DOI 10.1080/02687039708249416 Newhoff M., 1981, CLIN APHASIOLOGY, P234 Pound C, 1998, APHASIOLOGY, V12, P222, DOI 10.1080/02687039808249449 Ross KB, 1999, APHASIOLOGY, V13, P113, DOI 10.1080/026870399402235 SCHWARTZ IS, 1991, J APPL BEHAV ANAL, V24, P189, DOI 10.1901/jaba.1991.24-189 SIMMONS N, 1987, CLIN APHASIOLOGY, V17, P106 Simmons-Mackie N, 1998, APHASIOLOGY, V12, P231, DOI 10.1080/02687039808249451 TOMPKINS C, 1994, LANGUAGE INTERVENTIO, P571 WOLF MM, 1978, J APPL BEHAV ANAL, V11, P203, DOI 10.1901/jaba.1978.11-203 NR 27 TC 10 Z9 10 PU PSYCHOLOGY PRESS PI HOVE PA 27 CHURCH RD, HOVE BN3 2FA, EAST SUSSEX, ENGLAND SN 0268-7038 J9 APHASIOLOGY JI Aphasiology PD MAR-MAY PY 2005 VL 19 IS 3-5 BP 389 EP 398 DI 10.1080/02687030444000831 PG 10 WC Clinical Neurology SC Neurosciences & Neurology GA 931IL UT WOS:000229478900016 ER PT J AU Lasker, JP LaPointe, LL Kodras, JE AF Lasker, JP LaPointe, LL Kodras, JE TI Helping a professor with aphasia resume teaching through multimodal approaches SO APHASIOLOGY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 34th Annual Clinical Aphasiology Conference CY 2004 CL Park City, TX AB Background: Research and clinical evidence suggest that employment after stroke may be an important aspect of-preserving personal and social identity; however, few people with significant aphasia manage to return to work, particularly if their jobs are communicatively and cognitively demanding. Aims: This study presents the case of a professor with aphasia, JK, who resumed teaching through a combination of voice-output technology and the Key Word Teaching technique. Researchers investigated student attitudes towards two teaching approaches-one utilising voice-output technology alone and the other combining voice-output with the Key Word Teaching technique. Methods & Procedures: Ten student participants attended two simulated class sessions-one utilising voice-output technology alone and the other combining voice-output with the Key Word Teaching technique. Investigators analysed attitudinal survey results using nonparametric analyses. Qualitative approaches were employed to analyse transcripts of focus group discussions and written teaching evaluations. The investigators also compared university-based teaching evaluations from before JK's stroke to results obtained after the training protocol was completed. In addition, investigators videotaped and reviewed in-class teaching examples. Outcomes & Results: In the Combined condition, students rated the professor and the presentation more positively on dependent measures related to rate, comfort, understandability, and their willingness to participate. In a ranking task, all students preferred the Combined teaching approach. The scores on JK's university-based teaching evaluations provided by her students the semester after Key Word Teaching training were similar to evaluations from before her stroke. In addition, excerpts from JK's classroom discourse revealed that she was now combining natural speech and synthesised speech output to enhance her teaching. Conclusions: Results suggest that students preferred the Combined teaching approach utilising both the synthesised speech from the computer and the Key Word Teaching technique. Also, the training protocol enabled JK to combine natural speech and synthesised computer output within the classroom setting in ways that she had been unable to prior to training. The results demonstrate how a thorough analysis of JK's communication needs, accompanied by explicit training in techniques to overcome barriers to participation, resulted in a successful vocational outcome that enabled JK to retain an important aspect of her identity. C1 Florida State Univ, Dept Commun Disorders, Reg Rehabil Ctr 305, Tallahassee, FL 32306 USA. RP Lasker, JP (reprint author), Florida State Univ, Dept Commun Disorders, Reg Rehabil Ctr 305, Tallahassee, FL 32306 USA. EM joanne.lasker@comm.fsu.edu CR BEUKELMAN D, 1998, AUGMENTATIVE COMMUNI BLACKSCHAFFER RM, 1990, ARCH PHYS MED REHAB, V71, P285 Bogdan R. C., 1992, QUALITATIVE RES ED I GARRETT K, 1998, AUGMENTATIVE COMMUNI, P465 Helm-Estabrooks N., 2001, COGNITIVE LINGUISTIC Hinckley JJ, 2002, J COMMUN DISORD, V35, P543, DOI 10.1016/S0021-9924(02)00119-3 Kertesz A., 1982, W APHASIA BATTERY Kongs SK, 2000, WISCONSIN CARD SORTI Krueger R. A, 1994, FOCUS GROUPS PRACTIC LASKER JP, 2002, PERSPECTIVES AUGMENT, V11, P14 Parr S., 1997, TALKING APHASIA VANDESANDTKOENDERM, 2004, APHASIOLOGY, V18, P245 NR 12 TC 9 Z9 10 PU PSYCHOLOGY PRESS PI HOVE PA 27 CHURCH RD, HOVE BN3 2FA, EAST SUSSEX, ENGLAND SN 0268-7038 J9 APHASIOLOGY JI Aphasiology PD MAR-MAY PY 2005 VL 19 IS 3-5 BP 399 EP 410 DI 10.1080/02687030444000840 PG 12 WC Clinical Neurology SC Neurosciences & Neurology GA 931IL UT WOS:000229478900017 ER PT J AU Fucetola, R Tucker, F Blank, K Corbetta, M AF Fucetola, R Tucker, F Blank, K Corbetta, M TI A process for translating evidence-based aphasia treatment into clinical practice SO APHASIOLOGY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 34th Annual Clinical Aphasiology Conference CY 2004 CL Park City, TX ID SEMANTIC TREATMENT; LANGUAGE TREATMENT; CONTROLLED-TRIAL; NAMING DEFICITS; THERAPY; COMMUNICATION; AGRAMMATISM; RECOVERY; STROKE AB Background: Increased attention in the field of speech-language pathology is directed towards evidence-based treatment, particularly with regard to neurogenic communication disorders. Aims: The paper describes the development of an evidence-based aphasia clinic. Core principles of the clinic are the use of language treatment techniques that have support in efficacy data, and the objective measurement of treatment effectiveness. Main Contribution: Care paths for aphasia treatment are developed according to levels of evidence (Class I, II, III evidence); cognitive neuropsychological and life participation models; and the World Health Organisation International Classification of Health, Disability and Function (ICF). Multi-layered assessments are obtained at the ICF impairment and activity/participation levels throughout treatment (i.e., weekly treatment probes, monthly discourse probes, and biannual aphasia and neuropsychological assessments). Weekly multidisciplinary staffings address patient progress. The paper discusses limitations and challenges of addressing treatment effectiveness and efficacy within a typical outpatient clinical setting. Conclusions: The principles of evidence-based aphasia therapy and single-subject methodology can be applied in routine clinical rehabilitation settings. C1 Washington Univ, Sch Med, Dept Neurol, St Louis, MO 63108 USA. Inst Rehabil, St Louis, MO USA. RP Fucetola, R (reprint author), Washington Univ, Sch Med, Dept Neurol, 4444 Forest Pk Ave,Box 8518, St Louis, MO 63108 USA. EM fucetolar@neuro.wustl.edu CR FERGUSON JH, 1994, NEUROLOGY, V44, P566 *AANS, 1995, GUID MAN SEV HEAD IN Aftonomos LB, 1997, ARCH PHYS MED REHAB, V78, P841, DOI 10.1016/S0003-9993(97)90197-0 *ANCDS, 2004, PRACT GUID MAN COMM *ASHA, 1997, EV BAS PRACT PRACT G ATEN JL, 1982, J SPEECH HEAR DISORD, V47, P93 Bhogal SK, 2003, STROKE, V34, P987, DOI 10.1161/01.STR.0000062343.64383.D0 Brookshire R., 1993, DISCOURSE COMPREHENS BYNG S, 1994, APHASIOLOGY, V8, P315, DOI 10.1080/02687039408248663 Chapey R, 2001, LANGUAGE INTERVENTIO Chapman S., 1994, DISCOURSE ANAL APPL Cicerone KD, 2000, ARCH PHYS MED REHAB, V81, P1596, DOI 10.1053/apmr.2000.19240 Doesborgh SJC, 2004, STROKE, V35, P141, DOI 10.1161/01.STR.0000105460.52928.A6 Drew RL, 1999, J SPEECH LANG HEAR R, V42, P972 Frattali C. M., 1998, MEASURING OUTCOMES S Freed D. B., 1995, AM J SPEECH-LANG PAT, V4, P105 Goodglass H, 2001, BOSTON DIAGNOSTIC AP, V3rd GREENWALD ML, 1995, NEUROPSYCHOL REHABIL, V5, P17, DOI 10.1080/09602019508520174 HAYDEN D, 1999, PROMPT MANUAL LEVEL SPARKS R, 1974, Cortex, V10, P303 HELM NA, 1980, CLIN APHASIOLOGY C P, P308 HELMESTABROOKS N, 1982, J SPEECH HEAR DISORD, V47, P385 HELMESTABROOKS N, 1986, BRIT J DISORD COMMUN, V21, P39 HELMESTABROOKS N, 1987, ARCH NEUROL-CHICAGO, V44, P1253 Hillis A. E., 1991, CLIN APHASIOLOGY, V19, P255 Hillis AE, 1998, J INT NEUROPSYCH SOC, V4, P648, DOI 10.1017/S135561779846613X Hillis AE, 2002, HDB ADULT LANGUAGE D HILLIS AE, 2001, LANGUAGE INTERVENTIO Holland A., 1998, COMMUNICATION ACTIVI HOLLAND A, 1988, DEEP S C COMM DIS BA Kagan A, 2001, J SPEECH LANG HEAR R, V44, P624, DOI 10.1044/1092-4388(2001/051) Kearns K. P., 1985, CLIN APHASIOLOGY, P196 Kiran S, 2001, APHASIOLOGY, V15, P855, DOI 10.1080/02687040143000258 LI EC, 1988, J COMMUN DISORD, V21, P111 LOMAS J, 1989, J SPEECH HEAR DISORD, V54, P113 LOVERSO FL, 1998, J REHABILITATION RES, V25, P47 Lowell S., 1995, AM J SPEECH-LANG PAT, V4, P109 LPAA Project Group, 2000, ASHA LEADER, V5, P4 Lyon J. G, 1998, COPING APHASIA LYON JG, 1989, CLIN APHASIOLOGY P, V18, P339 MARSHALL J, 1990, APHASIOLOGY, V4, P167, DOI 10.1080/02687039008249068 Meline T, 2004, AM J SPEECH-LANG PAT, V13, P202, DOI 10.1044/1058-0360(2004/021) Nettleton J., 1991, J NEUROLINGUIST, V6, P139, DOI 10.1016/0911-6044(91)90004-3 Peach RK, 2003, AM J SPEECH-LANG PAT, V12, P258, DOI 10.1044/1058-0360(2003/071) POECK K, 1989, J SPEECH HEAR DISORD, V54, P471 Pulvermuller F, 2001, STROKE, V32, P1621 Robey RR, 1999, APHASIOLOGY, V13, P445 Robey RR, 1998, J SPEECH LANG HEAR R, V41, P172 Robson J, 1998, J INT NEUROPSYCH SOC, V4, P675 Schuell H, 1964, APHASIA ADULTS Shadden B. B., 1998, ANAL DISCOURSE COMMU SHEWAN CM, 1986, TREATMENT APHASIA LA SIMMONS N, 1987, CLIN APHASIOLOGY, V17, P106 SKELLY M, 1974, J SPEECH HEAR DISORD, V39, P445 STEELE RD, 1989, NEUROPSYCHOLOGIA, V27, P409, DOI 10.1016/0028-3932(89)90048-1 Stern R, 1997, VISUAL ANALOG MOOD S Thompson CK, 1996, BRAIN LANG, V52, P175, DOI 10.1006/brln.1996.0009 WAMBAUGH J, 2002, ASHA LEADER Wambaugh JL, 1998, J SPEECH LANG HEAR R, V41, P725 Wechsler D., 1997, MANUAL WECHSLER MEMO Wechsler D, 1997, MANUAL WECHSLER ADUL WERTZ RT, 1986, ARCH NEUROL-CHICAGO, V43, P653 WERTZ RT, 1981, J SPEECH HEAR RES, V24, P580 World Health Organisation, 2001, INT CLASS FUNCT DIS Worrall L, 2002, J COMMUN DISORD, V35, P107, DOI 10.1016/S0021-9924(02)00060-6 Yorkston K. M., 1999, MANAGEMENT MOTOR SPE NR 66 TC 11 Z9 11 PU PSYCHOLOGY PRESS PI HOVE PA 27 CHURCH RD, HOVE BN3 2FA, EAST SUSSEX, ENGLAND SN 0268-7038 J9 APHASIOLOGY JI Aphasiology PD MAR-MAY PY 2005 VL 19 IS 3-5 BP 411 EP 422 DI 10.1080/02687030444000859 PG 12 WC Clinical Neurology SC Neurosciences & Neurology GA 931IL UT WOS:000229478900018 ER PT J AU Blake, ML Lesniewicz, KS AF Blake, ML Lesniewicz, KS TI Contextual bias and predictive inferencing in adults with and without right hemisphere brain damage SO APHASIOLOGY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 34th Annual Clinical Aphasiology Conference CY 2004 CL Park City, TX ID DISCOURSE COMPREHENSION IMPAIRMENT; MINI-MENTAL-STATE; WORKING-MEMORY; AMBIGUITY RESOLUTION; TEXT COMPREHENSION; INDIVIDUALS; INFORMATION; SUPPRESSION; MECHANISMS; CAPACITY AB Background: Impaired inferencing has been suggested to contribute to the comprehension deficits exhibited by adults with right hemisphere brain damage (RHD); however, conflicting results exist concerning the inferencing deficits associated with RED. Although inference generation has been examined in most of the previous studies, little information is available regarding other processes, such as maintaining inferences over time, the plausibility of inferences in different contexts, and how contextual bias affects these inferencing processes. Aims: The purpose of the study was to examine the influence of contextual bias on the inferencing processes of older adults without brain damage (NBD) and adults with RHD. It was expected that the NBD group would show clear effects of contextual bias. In contrast, the RHD group was expected to use strong contextual bias to guide inferencing, but to have more difficulty in stories that contained weaker contextual bias. Methods & Procedures: A total of 18 older adults without brain damage and 8 individuals with RED participated in the study. Participants in the RHD group were selected on the basis of a lesion in the right hemisphere, and not the presence of a communication disorder. None evidenced neglect, and as a group they performed similarly to the NBD group on measures of language and working memory. Thinking Out Loud protocols were used to examine the generation, maintenance, and likelihood of predictive inferences, as well as generation of alternative inferences in stories with a low or high probability that a specific outcome would occur. The study was constructed as a mixed design, with group as a between-subjects variable and story condition as a within-subjects variable. Outcomes & Results: Results suggest that contextual bias influenced inference processes in both healthy older adults and individuals with RHD. Both groups used context to qualify the likelihood of inferences, but adults with RHD were less adept at using context to maintain inferences and to restrict inference generation to the most likely outcomes. Conclusions: Adults with RHD who have minimal language deficits can generate predictive inferences and use context to guide some inferencing processes, although they do not use context to constrain inferencing as much as healthy older adults do. The results provide potential insight into the nature of comprehension deficits that may occur after RHD, but the small sample of individuals with minimal cognitive-communication impairments precludes generalisation of the findings to the larger clinical population of adults with RHD. C1 Univ Houston, Dept Commun Disorders, Clin Res Ctr, Houston, TX 77204 USA. RP Blake, ML (reprint author), Univ Houston, Dept Commun Disorders, Clin Res Ctr, 4505 Cullen Blvd, Houston, TX 77204 USA. EM mtblake@uh.edu CR BEEMAN M, 1993, BRAIN LANG, V44, P80, DOI 10.1006/brln.1993.1006 BENOWITZ LI, 1990, NEUROPSYCHOLOGIA, V28, P231, DOI 10.1016/0028-3932(90)90017-I Brookshire R., 1993, DISCOURSE COMPREHENS BROWNELL HH, 1986, BRAIN LANG, V27, P310, DOI 10.1016/0093-934X(86)90022-2 BURNS MS, 1997, BURNS BRIEF INVENTOR Calvo MG, 2000, LANG COGNITIVE PROC, V15, P293, DOI 10.1080/016909600386066 Cherney LR, 2001, BRAIN INJURY, V15, P585, DOI 10.1080/02699050010009090 CRUM RM, 1993, JAMA-J AM MED ASSOC, V269, P2386, DOI 10.1001/jama.269.18.2386 Dunn LM, 2000, PEABODY PICTURE VOCA ERICSSON KA, 1980, PSYCHOL REV, V87, P215, DOI 10.1037//0033-295X.87.3.215 FOLSTEIN MF, 1975, J PSYCHIAT RES, V12, P189, DOI 10.1016/0022-3956(75)90026-6 GARROD S, 1990, J EXP PSYCHOL LEARN, V16, P250, DOI 10.1037//0278-7393.16.2.250 GRAESSER AC, 1994, PSYCHOL REV, V101, P371, DOI 10.1037//0033-295X.101.3.371 HOUGH MS, 1990, BRAIN LANG, V38, P253, DOI 10.1016/0093-934X(90)90114-V Klin CM, 1999, J MEM LANG, V40, P593, DOI 10.1006/jmla.1998.2628 Klin CM, 1999, DISCOURSE PROCESS, V27, P241 Lehman MT, 2000, APHASIOLOGY, V14, P485 Lehman MT, 1998, APHASIOLOGY, V12, P771, DOI 10.1080/02687039808249572 Lehman-Blake MT, 2001, J SPEECH LANG HEAR R, V44, P639, DOI 10.1044/1092-4388(2001/052) Leonard CL, 1997, BRAIN LANG, V57, P309, DOI 10.1006/brln.1997.1743 Leonard CL, 1997, BRAIN LANG, V57, P343, DOI 10.1006/brln.1997.1744 MCDONALD S, 1986, BRAIN LANG, V29, P68, DOI 10.1016/0093-934X(86)90034-9 MCKOON G, 1992, PSYCHOL REV, V99, P440, DOI 10.1037/0033-295X.99.3.440 MCKOON G, 1989, J MEM LANG, V28, P547, DOI 10.1016/0749-596X(89)90012-0 MYERS PS, 1999, RIGHT HEMISPHERE DIS MYERS PS, 1986, J SPEECH HEAR RES, V39, P870 OLSON Gary M., 1984, NEW METHODS READING, P253 OSTROVE JM, 1990, BRAIN COGNITION, V12, P144, DOI 10.1016/0278-2626(90)90010-L REHAK A, 1992, BRAIN LANG, V42, P320, DOI 10.1016/0093-934X(92)90104-M RIVERS DL, 1980, BRAIN LANG, V10, P348, DOI 10.1016/0093-934X(80)90061-9 SWINNEY DA, 1991, UNDERSTANDING WORD S Tompkins C. A., 2002, APHASIOLOGY, V16, P559, DOI 10.1080/02687030244000202 Tompkins CA, 2000, J SPEECH LANG HEAR R, V43, P62 Tompkins CA, 2001, J SPEECH LANG HEAR R, V44, P400, DOI 10.1044/1092-4388(2001/033) Tompkins CA, 1995, RIGHT HEMISPHERE COM Tompkins CA, 1998, AM J SPEECH-LANG PAT, V7, P68 TOMPKINS CA, 1994, J SPEECH HEAR RES, V37, P896 van den Broek P, 2001, MEM COGNITION, V29, P1081 WAPNER W, 1981, BRAIN LANG, V14, P15, DOI 10.1016/0093-934X(81)90061-4 WHITNEY P, 1991, DISCOURSE PROCESS, V14, P133 Wilson B. A., 1987, BEHAV INATTENTION TE NR 41 TC 7 Z9 7 PU PSYCHOLOGY PRESS PI HOVE PA 27 CHURCH RD, HOVE BN3 2FA, EAST SUSSEX, ENGLAND SN 0268-7038 J9 APHASIOLOGY JI Aphasiology PD MAR-MAY PY 2005 VL 19 IS 3-5 BP 423 EP 434 DI 10.1080/02687030444000868 PG 12 WC Clinical Neurology SC Neurosciences & Neurology GA 931IL UT WOS:000229478900019 ER PT J AU Youmans, G Holland, A Munoz, ML Bourgeois, M AF Youmans, G Holland, A Munoz, ML Bourgeois, M TI Script training and automaticity in two individuals with aphasia SO APHASIOLOGY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 34th Annual Clinical Aphasiology Conference CY 2004 CL Park City, UT ID THERAPY; AUTOMATIZATION AB Background: Automatic production of spoken language is compromised in many individuals with aphasia whose speech is consistently effortful. Linguistic-based and functional treatments for aphasia both may help to return some automaticity to language production. However, neither approach specifically targets automaticity of speech production for individual with aphasia. Aims: A treatment protocol was developed to facilitate the automatic spoken production of trained scripts in specific functional contexts by individuals with aphasia. The purpose of this study was to measure its treatment outcomes. Methods & Procedures: Two individuals with non-fluent aphasia participated. A multiple baseline design across behaviours examined the acquisition of personally relevant short scripts. Script production was probed at the initiation and termination of treatment, and during weekly treatment sessions. Scripts were transcribed and analysed according to several measures of accuracy and fluency. Outcomes & Results: All scripts were mastered, and scripted speech productions were judged to have become more automatic based on naturalness and stability of speech, increased speaking rate, and relatively errorless production. Automatic script production also generalised to novel conversation partners and novel cues in a limited fashion. Conclusions: Script training as used here was a successful treatment approach. It may be an effective, practical, and functional approach to the treatment of aphasic individuals with moderately spared comprehension and cognitive difficulties and with significant expressive speech difficulties. C1 Long Isl Univ, Dept Commun Disorders, Brooklyn, NY 11201 USA. Univ Arizona, Tucson, AZ USA. Univ Tennessee, Knoxville, TN USA. Florida State Univ, Tallahassee, FL 32306 USA. RP Youmans, G (reprint author), Long Isl Univ, Dept Commun Disorders, 1 Univ Plaza,Metcafe Bldg Suite 257, Brooklyn, NY 11201 USA. EM ggb5466@fsu.edu CR ATEN JL, 1986, LANGUAGE INTERVENTIO ATEN JL, 1982, J SPEECH HEAR DISORD, V47, P93 Hickin J, 2002, APHASIOLOGY, V16, P981, DOI 10.1080/02687030244000509 Hinckley JJ, 2001, APHASIOLOGY, V15, P463, DOI 10.1080/02687040042000340 Holland A. L., 1991, J NEUROLINGUIST, V6, P197, DOI 10.1016/0911-6044(91)90007-6 Holland AL, 2004, CHALLENGING APHASIA THERAPIES: BROADENING THE DISCOURSE AND EXTENDING THE BOUNDARIES, P118, DOI 10.4324/9780203462706_chapter_7 Hopper T, 1998, APHASIOLOGY, V12, P933, DOI 10.1080/02687039808249461 Jacobs BJ, 2000, J SPEECH LANG HEAR R, V43, P5 KERTESZ A, 1988, W APHASIA BATTERY LABERGE D, 1974, COGNITIVE PSYCHOL, V6, P293, DOI 10.1016/0010-0285(74)90015-2 Levelt W. J., 1989, SPEAKING INTENTION A LOGAN GD, 1978, J EXP PSYCHOL GEN, V107, P32, DOI 10.1037//0096-3445.107.1.32 LOGAN GD, 1988, PSYCHOL REV, V95, P492, DOI 10.1037//0033-295X.95.4.492 MITCHUM CD, 1995, APHASIOLOGY, V7, P71 Nickels L, 2002, APHASIOLOGY, V16, P935, DOI 10.1080/02687030244000563 SEGALOWITZ NS, 1993, APPL PSYCHOLINGUIST, V14, P369, DOI 10.1017/S0142716400010845 SEUREN PAM, 1978, CHILDS CONCEPTION LA NR 17 TC 19 Z9 19 PU ROUTLEDGE JOURNALS, TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD PI ABINGDON PA 4 PARK SQUARE, MILTON PARK, ABINGDON OX14 4RN, OXFORDSHIRE, ENGLAND SN 0268-7038 EI 1464-5041 J9 APHASIOLOGY JI Aphasiology PD MAR-MAY PY 2005 VL 19 IS 3-5 BP 435 EP 449 DI 10.1080/02687030444000877 PG 15 WC Clinical Neurology SC Neurosciences & Neurology GA 931IL UT WOS:000229478900020 ER PT J AU Schneider, SL Frens, RA AF Schneider, SL Frens, RA TI Training four-syllable CV patterns in individuals with acquired apraxia of speech: Theoretical implications SO APHASIOLOGY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 34th Annual Clinical Aphasiology Conference CY 2004 CL Park City, TX ID DEVELOPMENTAL APRAXIA; MOTOR CONTROL; APHASIA AB Background: Acquired apraxia of speech (AOS) is known as a motor speech disorder because it affects both the motor planning and motor programming components of speech production (Darley, Aronson, & Brown, 1975; Kent & Rosenbek, 1983; Square & Martin, 1994). Although the clinical characteristics of acquired AOS are generally accepted, what specifically causes individuals to make the errors they do is less well understood. Four theories have been proposed that attempt to explain these errors. Few treatment studies have taken into account these theories when designing their studies. This could account for the limited generalisation effects that have been reported (Ballard, 2001). Aims: This study investigated the effects of a treatment for three individuals with moderate acquired AOS and concomitant aphasia. Treatment focused on training four-syllable CV patterns of varying levels of difficulty. Acquisition, as well as generalisation effects and error patterns were examined and interpreted based on the proposed theoretical models of AOS in the literature. Methods & Procedures: A single-subject multiple baseline design across behaviours and subjects was utilised to train each participant's ability to produce four-syllable CV patterns varying in levels of difficulty. A total of 277 stimuli were used in the study: 32 trained and untrained four-syllable CV patterns, 203 words and nonsense words, divided into one- to five-syllable words, and 42 common phrases. The CV patterns were further divided into specified levels of difficulty. Generalisation to untrained four-syllable CV patterns at the same level and across levels, as well as to words and phrases, was examined. Outcomes & Results: All participants were successful in learning to produce the four-syllable CV patterns on which they were trained. No generalisation to the untrained patterns at the same level occurred. This finding suggested that some aspects of the phonological representations, specifically voicing, are not intact prior to the production being sent to the phonetic-motoric level, as the phonetic-motoric theory suggests (McNeil, Odell, Miller, & Hunter, 1995; McNeil, Robin, & Schmidt, 1997; Shriberg, Aram, & Kwaitowski, 1997a, 1997b, 1997c; Van der Merwe, 1997). Generalisation to untrained patterns across levels that were considered less complex than the pattern being trained was seen. This finding supports the conclusions of Gierut (1998), Thompson, Ballard, and Shapiro, (1998), and Plant (1996) that training complex behaviours generalises to less complex behaviours. Improvement of word/phrase production as treatment on the four-syllable CV patterns proceeded was not consistent with the motor theory of AOS (Ziegler, 2003). Instead it supports the more integrative theory of speech production proposed by Ballard, Robin, and Folkin (2003). Conclusions: This study provided the opportunity to examine the theories attempting to explain the characteristics of AOS. Future treatment studies should consider these theories when designing their studies to further test and to advance our understanding of AOS. C1 Ohio State Univ, Dept Speech & Hearing Sci, Columbus, OH 43210 USA. RP Schneider, SL (reprint author), Ohio State Univ, Dept Speech & Hearing Sci, 1070 Carmack Rd,110 Pressey Hall, Columbus, OH 43210 USA. EM schneider.291@osu.edu CR Ballard KJ, 2003, APHASIOLOGY, V17, P37, DOI 10.1080/02687030244000482 Ballard KJ, 2001, J COMMUN DISORD, V34, P3, DOI 10.1016/S0021-9924(00)00038-1 Ballard KJ, 1999, J SPEECH LANG HEAR R, V42, P690 Chumpelik D., 1984, SEMINARS SPEECH LANG, V5, P139, DOI 10.1055/s-0028-1085172 Code C, 1998, CLIN LINGUIST PHONET, V12, P47, DOI 10.3109/02699209808985212 Dabul B. L., 1979, APRAXIA BATTERY ADUL Darley F.L, 1975, MOTOR SPEECH DISORDE DINNSEN DA, 1993, CONFLUENCE LINGUISTI, P137 Dogil G., 1998, PHONOLOGY, V15, P143, DOI 10.1017/S095267579800356X DOGIL G, 1994, 4 S INT CLIN PHON LI German DJ, 1990, TEST ADOLESCENT ADUL Gierut JA, 1998, J SPEECH LANG HEAR R, V41, pS85 Kaplan E, 1983, BOSTON NAMING TEST Kay J., 1992, PSYCHOLINQUISTIC ASS Kent R. D., 1987, PHONETIC APPROACHES, P181 KENT RD, 1983, J SPEECH HEAR RES, V26, P231 Kertesz A., 1982, W APHASIA BATTERY McNeil MR, 1997, CLIN MANAGEMENT SENS, P311 McNeil MR, 1995, CLIN APHASIOL, V23, P39 McReynolds L. V., 1983, SINGLE SUBJECT EXPT Plaut DC, 1996, BRAIN LANG, V52, P25, DOI 10.1006/brln.1996.0004 Rogers MA, 1999, APHASIOLOGY, V13, P793 ROSENBEK JC, 1973, J SPEECH HEAR DISORD, V38, P462 SAFFRAN EM, 1991, UNPUB PHILADELPHIA C Shriberg LD, 1997, J SPEECH LANG HEAR R, V40, P273 Shriberg LD, 1997, J SPEECH LANG HEAR R, V40, P286 Shriberg LD, 1997, J SPEECH LANG HEAR R, V40, P313 SQUARE P, 1994, LANGUAGE INTERVENTIO SQUARE PA, 1985, CLIN APHASIOLOGY C P, P319 Thompson CK, 1998, J INT NEUROPSYCH SOC, V4, P661 van der Merwe A, 1997, COMSIG '97 - PROCEEDINGS OF THE 1997 SOUTH AFRICAN SYMPOSIUM ON COMMUNICATIONS AND SIGNAL PROCESSING, P1 Varley R, 2001, APHASIOLOGY, V15, P39 Wambaugh JL, 1998, APHASIOLOGY, V12, P731, DOI 10.1080/02687039808249569 Wambaugh JL, 1998, J SPEECH LANG HEAR R, V41, P725 Wertz RT, 1984, APRAXIA SPEECH ADULT Whiteside SP, 1998, CORTEX, V34, P221, DOI 10.1016/S0010-9452(08)70749-4 Ziegler W, 2003, APHASIOLOGY, V17, P3, DOI 10.1080/02687030244000554 ZIEGLER W, 1986, BRAIN LANG, V29, P34, DOI 10.1016/0093-934X(86)90032-5 NR 38 TC 9 Z9 9 PU PSYCHOLOGY PRESS PI HOVE PA 27 CHURCH RD, HOVE BN3 2FA, EAST SUSSEX, ENGLAND SN 0268-7038 J9 APHASIOLOGY JI Aphasiology PD MAR-MAY PY 2005 VL 19 IS 3-5 BP 451 EP 471 DI 10.1080/02687030444000886 PG 21 WC Clinical Neurology SC Neurosciences & Neurology GA 931IL UT WOS:000229478900021 ER PT J AU McNeill, MR Matthews, CT Hula, WD Doyle, PJ Rubinsky, HJ Fossett, TRD AF McNeill, MR Matthews, CT Hula, WD Doyle, PJ Rubinsky, HJ Fossett, TRD TI A dual-task tool for quantifying normal comprehension of aphasic connected speech production: A constructive replication SO APHASIOLOGY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 34th Annual Clinical Aphasiology Conference CY 2004 CL Park City, TX ID DIVIDED-ATTENTION; RESOURCE-ALLOCATION; MULTIPLE RESOURCES; MANUAL TRACKING; PERFORMANCE; INDIVIDUALS; SENSITIVITY; DIFFICULTY; LANGUAGE; STIMULI AB Background: Deficits of attention or its control secondary to brain damage have been proposed as all or part of the underlying mechanisms for the linguistic impairments that characterise aphasia (Clark & Robin, 1995; Granier, Robin, Shapiro, Peach, & Zimba, 2000; McNeil, 1982, 1988; McNeil, Odell, & Tseng, 1991; Murray, Holland, & Beeson, 1997a; Tseng, McNeil, & Milenkovic, 1993). McNeil, Doyle, Hula, Rubinsky, Fossett, and Matthews (2004) developed a set of tasks to quantify the difficulty that normal listeners have in understanding the language production of persons with varying amounts of aphasia. In their dual-task study, a significant decrement was found in the visual-manual tracking accuracy of normal older individuals while concurrently listening to the connected language of a person with moderate, as compared to mild, aphasia. No performance costs were observed on the listening tasks across three tracking difficulty levels. Possible reasons for the unidirectional performance cost were speculated and the present study was designed to investigate one of them. Aims: Using the same story comprehension task used in the previous study and the same visual-manual tracking task, but increased in difficulty, this study sought to investigate whether the increased demands of the tracking task were sufficient to elicit a concurrent cost on story comprehension performance. Methods & Procedures: A total of 24 normal participants performed the tracking and story comprehension tasks concurrently and in isolation. Story retell performance was evaluated within subjects across two tracking difficulty levels (easy and hard) and tracking performance was evaluated between subjects across three story difficulty levels (no story, mild difficulty, and moderate difficulty). Outcomes & Results: Tracking performance varied significantly across story task difficulty in the easy tracking condition, with participants demonstrating better tracking performance in the mild story condition than in either the moderate story or no story conditions. None of the comparisons made with the harder tracking condition reached significance. There was no effect of tracking difficulty on story comprehension as measured by subsequent story retell performance. Conclusions: The findings from this study replicate the findings from the McNeil et al. (2004) study that these dual-tasks show a reliable cost of story difficulty on concurrent tracking performance. Contrary to predictions, no effect of tracking difficulty on story retell performance was found, despite the increased tracking difficulty used compared to the previous study. While this finding does diminish the probability that insufficient tracking task difficulty was the source of the unidirectional costs in the previous study, it leaves a number of alternative explanations for the findings viable and unaddressed. C1 Univ Pittsburgh, Sch Hlth & Rehabil Sci, Dept Commun Sci & Disorders, Pittsburgh, PA 15260 USA. Univ Pittsburgh, Dept Otolaryngol, Pittsburgh, PA 15260 USA. VA Pittsburgh Healthcare Syst, Geriatr Res Educ & Clin Ctr, Pittsburgh, PA USA. RP McNeill, MR (reprint author), Univ Pittsburgh, Sch Hlth & Rehabil Sci, Dept Commun Sci & Disorders, 4033 Forbes Tower, Pittsburgh, PA 15260 USA. EM meneil+@pitt.edu CR Arvedson J. C., 1986, CLIN APHASIOLOGY, V17, P188 Backs RW, 1997, ACTA PSYCHOL, V96, P167, DOI 10.1016/S0001-6918(97)00010-3 Bayles K. A., 1993, ARIZONA BATTERY COMM BAYLES KA, 1989, J SPEECH HEAR DISORD, V54, P74 CAMPBELL TF, 1985, J SPEECH HEAR RES, V28, P513 Clark H. M., 1995, AM J SPEECH-LANG PAT, V4, P143 DISIMONI FG, 1980, J SPEECH HEAR RES, V23, P511 DUFFY JR, 1980, APHASIA APRAXIA AGNO, V2, P1 Erickson RJ, 1996, BRAIN COGNITION, V30, P244, DOI 10.1006/brcg.1996.0016 GOPHER D, 1982, J EXP PSYCHOL HUMAN, V8, P146, DOI 10.1037/0096-1523.8.1.146 Granier JP, 2000, APHASIOLOGY, V14, P501 HIRST W, 1987, J EXP PSYCHOL GEN, V116, P68, DOI 10.1037//0096-3445.116.1.68 ISREAL JB, 1980, PSYCHOPHYSIOLOGY, V17, P259, DOI 10.1111/j.1469-8986.1980.tb00146.x Kahneman D., 1973, ATTENTION EFFORT MCLEOD P, 1977, Q J EXP PSYCHOL, V29, P651, DOI 10.1080/14640747708400639 McNeil M. R, 1982, SPEECH LANGUAGE HEAR, VIII, P692 McNeil M. R., 1988, HDB SPEECH LANGUAGE, P738 McNeil MR, 2001, APHASIOLOGY, V15, P991 McNeil MR, 2002, APHASIOLOGY, V16, P815, DOI 10.1080/02687030244000284 McNeil MR, 2004, APHASIOLOGY, V18, P521, DOI 10.1080/02687030444000138 MCNEIL MR, 1991, CLIN APHASIOLOGY, V20, P21 MCNEIL MR, 1978, CLIN APHASIOLOGY, V2, P71 Murray LL, 2000, BRAIN LANG, V72, P40, DOI 10.1006/brln.1999.2281 Murray LL, 1999, APHASIOLOGY, V13, P91, DOI 10.1080/026870399402226 Murray LL, 1998, J SPEECH LANG HEAR R, V41, P213 Murray LL, 1997, J SPEECH LANG HEAR R, V40, P792 Murray LL, 1997, APHASIOLOGY, V11, P401, DOI 10.1080/02687039708248480 NAVON D, 1990, B PSYCHONOMIC SOC, V28, P155 Navon D., 1980, ATTENTION PERFORM, P297 NAVON D, 1984, PSYCHOL REV, V91, P216, DOI 10.1037/0033-295X.91.2.216 NAVON D, 1979, PSYCHOL REV, V86, P214, DOI 10.1037/0033-295X.86.3.214 PAYNE DG, 1994, HUM FACTORS, V36, P441 ROSENBAUM DA, 1980, J EXP PSYCHOL GEN, V109, P444, DOI 10.1037/0096-3445.109.4.444 SCHMIDT RA, 1977, J MOTOR BEHAV, V9, P101, DOI 10.1080/00222895.1977.10735099 Schubert T, 2003, COGNITIVE BRAIN RES, V17, P733, DOI 10.1016/S0926-6410(03)00198-8 Slansky BL, 1997, APHASIOLOGY, V11, P461, DOI 10.1080/02687039708248484 Szameitat AJ, 2002, J COGNITIVE NEUROSCI, V14, P1184, DOI 10.1162/089892902760807195 TSENG CH, 1993, BRAIN LANG, V45, P276, DOI 10.1006/brln.1993.1046 WICKENS C, 1983, SCIENCE, V221, P1080, DOI 10.1126/science.6879207 WICKENS CD, 1976, J EXP PSYCHOL HUMAN, V2, P1 WICKENS CD, 1986, HDB PERCEPTION HUMAN, P1 Wickens C.D., 1984, VARIETIES ATTENTION NR 42 TC 1 Z9 1 PU PSYCHOLOGY PRESS PI HOVE PA 27 CHURCH RD, HOVE BN3 2FA, EAST SUSSEX, ENGLAND SN 0268-7038 J9 APHASIOLOGY JI Aphasiology PD MAR-MAY PY 2005 VL 19 IS 3-5 BP 473 EP 484 DI 10.1080/02687030444000895 PG 12 WC Clinical Neurology SC Neurosciences & Neurology GA 931IL UT WOS:000229478900022 ER PT J AU Davis, GA AF Davis, GA TI PACE revisited SO APHASIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID REFERENTIAL COMMUNICATION; THERAPY; APHASIA; DEFICITS; ADULTS; EFFICACY AB Background: PACE therapy is a widely referenced treatment procedure that was developed nearly 30 years ago. Since then, several critiques and studies of the procedure have been published, and the climate for rehabilitation in the United States has changed dramatically. Aims: The main goals of this retrospective essay are to introduce new clinicians to PACE therapy and analyse what has been published about the procedure for experienced aphasiologists. Main Contribution: The article provides a description and history of the procedure and then proceeds with discussions of conceptualisation, modifications, and efficacy. Responses to several concerns about PACE should clarify many aspects of the procedure. These concerns include the procedure's naturalness, applicability to a variety of patients, and absence of corrective feedback. Conclusions: PACE has an uncertain place in the healthcare environment of the United States. Because of its mixed reviews and unsettled efficacy, it may still be considered to be an experimental treatment. C1 Univ Massachusetts, Amherst, MA 01003 USA. RP Davis, GA (reprint author), Univ Massachusetts, Arnold House,Box 30410, Amherst, MA 01003 USA. EM albyn@comdis.umass.edu CR AVENT JR, 1995, APHASIOLOGY, V9, P295, DOI 10.1080/02687039508248206 BANDUR DL, 2001, LANGUAGE INTERVENTIO, P629 Barr DJ, 2002, J MEM LANG, V46, P391, DOI 10.1006/jmla.2001.2815 BONNE DR, 1987, HUMAN COMMUNICATION BRENNEISESARSHAD R, 1991, J SPEECH HEAR RES, V34, P168 BROOKSHIRE RH, 1978, INTRO APHASIA Brookshire RH, 1997, INTRO NEUROGENIC COM BRYNG S, 1995, TREATMENT APHASIA TH, P3 BYNG S, 1994, APHASIOLOGY, V8, P315, DOI 10.1080/02687039408248663 Carlomagno S, 2000, NEUROPSYCHOL REHABIL, V10, P337 CARLOMAGNO S, 1991, APHASIOLOGY, V5, P419, DOI 10.1080/02687039108248544 Carlomagno S, 1994, PRAGMATIC APPROACHES Chapey R, 2001, LANGUAGE INTERVENTIO Clerebaut N., 1984, REEDUCATION ORTHOPHO, V22, P329 Collins M, 1986, DIAGNOSIS TREATMENT CORNETT BS, 2001, POFESSIONAL ISSUES S, P229 CUBELLI R, 1991, COGNITIVE NEUROPSYCH, V8, P369, DOI 10.1080/02643299108253378 Davis G, 1985, ADULT APHASIA REHABI Davis G., 1981, LANGUAGE INTERVENTIO, P169 Davis G. A., 2000, APHASIOLOGY DISORDER Davis G. A., 1993, SURVEY ADULT APHASIA DAVIS GA, 1986, LANGUAGE INTERVENTIO, P251 DAVIS GA, 1980, CLIN APH C P DERENZI E, 1962, BRAIN, V85, P665, DOI 10.1093/brain/85.4.665 DUFFY JR, 1981, LANGUAGE INTERVENTIO, P105 Edelman G, 1987, PACE PROMOTING APHAS EDMUNDSON A, 1995, TREATMENT APHASIA TH, P137 European Observatory on Health Care Systems, 2000, HLTH CAR SYST TRANS FRATTALI CM, 2000, NEUROGENIC COMMUNICA, P67 GLINDEMANN R, 1991, APHASIOLOGY, V5, P425, DOI 10.1080/02687039108248545 GLUCKSBERG S, 1967, MERRILL-PALMER Q BEH, V13, P309 Graham-Keegan Lisa, 1997, P42 Hanna JE, 2003, J MEM LANG, V49, P43, DOI 10.1016/S0749-596X(03)00022-6 Herbert R, 2003, APHASIOLOGY, V17, P1163, DOI 10.1080/02687030344000454 Hillis A, 2001, LANGUAGE INTERVENTIO, P513 Holland A., 1996, J SPEECH HEAR RES, V39, P27 Holland A. L., 2002, HDB ADULT LANGUAGE D, P413 HOLLAND AL, 1975, AM SPEECH HEAR ASS N HOLLAND AL, 1999, GROUP TREATMENT NEUR, P77 Hopper T, 2002, APHASIOLOGY, V16, P745, DOI 10.1080/02687030244000059 Hopper T, 1998, APHASIOLOGY, V12, P933, DOI 10.1080/02687039808249461 HORNER J, 1983, TREATING LANGUAGE DI, P181 Howard D., 1987, APHASIA THERAPY HIST JOHANNSENHORBAC.H, 1993, APHASIA TREATMENT WO, P319 JOHNSON FK, 1990, RIGHT HEMISPHERE STR Kagan A, 1998, APHASIOLOGY, V12, P816, DOI 10.1080/02687039808249575 Kagan A., 1993, APHASIA TREATMENT WO, P199 KATZ RC, 1995, TREATMENT APHASIA TH, P253 KEARNS KP, 2001, LANGUAGE INTERVENTIO, P316 LAPOINTE LL, 1997, APHASIA RELATED NEUR Lawson R., 1999, APHASIA THERAPY FILE, P61 LEDORZE G, 1993, APHASIA TREATMENT WO, P87 LI EC, 1988, J COMMUN DISORD, V21, P491 Lyon J, 2004, CHALLENGING APHASIA THERAPIES: BROADENING THE DISCOURSE AND EXTENDING THE BOUNDARIES, P54, DOI 10.4324/9780203462706_chapter_4 Lyon J. G., 2001, LANGUAGE INTERVENTIO, V4th, P297 Lyon J. G., 2000, NEUROGENIC COMMUNICA, P137 LYON JG, 1989, CLIN APHASIOLOGY P, V18, P339 MARSHALL RC, 2001, LANGUAGE INTERVENTIO, P435 MARSHALL RC, 1994, LANGUAGE INTERVENTIO, P389 Murray LL, 1998, APHASIOLOGY, V12, P651, DOI 10.1080/02687039808249564 Newhoff M., 1981, CLIN APHASIOLOGY, P234 PACHALSKA M, 1993, APHASIA TREATMENT WO, P145 PEACH RK, 2001, LANGUAGE INTERVENTIO, P487 PECH RK, 1994, LANGUAGE INTERVENTIO, P429 PERKINS L, 1993, FOUNDATIONS OF APHASIA REHABILITATION, P211 Porch B. E., 1967, PORCH INDEX COMMUNIC PULVERMULLER F, 1991, APHASIOLOGY, V5, P39, DOI 10.1080/02687039108248518 RAO P, 2001, LANGUAGE INTERVENTIO, P688 Rosenbek J.C., 1989, APHASIA CLIN APPROAC Roth FP, 2001, TREATMENT RESOURCE M SASANUMA S, 1993, APHASIA TREATMENT WO, P175 Schuell H, 1964, APHASIA ADULTS SERON X, 1993, APHASIA TREATMENT WO, P131 Simms NJ, 2001, EUR FED CORR PUBL, P246 Simmons-Mackie N., 2000, NEUROGENIC COMMUNICA, P162 SPRINGER L, 1991, APHASIOLOGY, V5, P391, DOI 10.1080/02687039108248541 SPRINGER L, 1991, APHASIOLOGY, V5, P563, DOI 10.1080/02687039108248562 Springer L, 1995, TREATMENT APHASIA TH, P90 SWINDELL CS, 1990, HUMAN COMMUNICATION, P520 Thompson C., 1998, MEASURING OUTCOMES S, P245 THOMPSON CK, 1994, LANGUAGE INTERVENTIO, P407 VISCHBRINK EG, 1993, APHASIA TREATMENT WO, P227 Worrall L., 1995, TREATMENT APHASIA, P47 Worrall L., 2000, NEUROGENIC COMMUNICA, P3 WORRALL LE, 2000, NEUROGEIC COMMUNICAT NR 85 TC 8 Z9 8 PU PSYCHOLOGY PRESS PI HOVE PA 27 CHURCH RD, HOVE BN3 2FA, EAST SUSSEX, ENGLAND SN 0268-7038 J9 APHASIOLOGY JI Aphasiology PD JAN PY 2005 VL 19 IS 1 BP 21 EP 38 DI 10.1080/02687030444000598 PG 18 WC Clinical Neurology SC Neurosciences & Neurology GA 898PV UT WOS:000227089600002 ER PT J AU Kendall, DL McNeil, MR Shaiman, S Pratt, S AF Kendall, DL McNeil, MR Shaiman, S Pratt, S TI Phonetic encoding of infrequent articulatory phonetic transitions SO APHASIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID RESPONSE DURATION; WORD RECOGNITION; LEXICAL ACCESS; REACTION-TIME; FREQUENCY; SPEECH; MOVEMENT; TASKS AB Background: The purpose of this experiment was to investigate the underlying mechanisms responsible for the phonetic encoding of novel articulatory speech gestures (i.e., nonwords). Understanding these mechanisms is critical to gain a comprehensive realisation of normal speech production as well as insight into the nature of pathologic speech. Aims: The following research questions were addressed: (1) Is there a significant difference in the response latency among low, moderate, and high interphonemic transitional frequencies in nonwords? (2) Is there a significant difference in the response latency among low and high lexical frequencies in real words" (3) Is there a significant difference in total durations among low, moderate, and high interphonemic transitional frequencies in nonwords? Methods & Procedures: A total of 19 females between the ages of 50 and 79 repeated nonwords that were constructed in three interphonemic transitional frequency categories (low, moderate, high) and elicited in an immediate response condition. Outcomes & Results: The results showed an expected significant difference of shorter response latency for the high-frequency nonwords when compared to the moderate- and the low-frequency nonwords, and an unexpected significantly shorter duration for the low-frequency nonwords when compared to the moderate- and the high-frequency nonwords. Conclusions: Results are consistent with the interpretation that the high-frequency nonwords were initiated immediately (short response latency) and encoded phonetically on-line during production (longer nonwords duration), while the motor programs for the low-frequency nonwords were pre-loaded prior to initiation of production (longer response latency) and executed without update (shorter nonwords duration). C1 Univ Florida, Dept Neurol, Gainesville, FL 32610 USA. VA RR&D, Brain Rehabil & Res Ctr, Gainesville, FL USA. Univ Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15260 USA. RP Kendall, DL (reprint author), Univ Florida, Dept Neurol, Box 100236, Gainesville, FL 32610 USA. EM kendadl@neurology.ufl.edu CR American Speech-Language-Hearing Association, 1990, ASHA S2, V2, P17 BALOTA DA, 1985, J MEM LANG, V24, P89, DOI 10.1016/0749-596X(85)90017-8 BAYLES K, 1990, ARIZONA BATTERY COMM BROWMAN CP, 1992, PHONETICA, V49, P155 Dollaghan C, 1998, J SPEECH LANG HEAR R, V41, P1136 Duffy J.R, 1995, MOTOR SPEECH DISORDE ERIKSEN CW, 1970, J EXP PSYCHOL, V84, P502, DOI 10.1037/h0029274 KEELE SW, 1968, PSYCHOL BULL, V70, P387, DOI 10.1037/h0026739 Keele S. W., 1976, MOTOR CONTROL ISSUES, P109 Keller E., 1987, MOTOR SENSORY PROCES KLAPP ST, 1995, J EXP PSYCHOL HUMAN, V21, P1015, DOI 10.1037//0096-1523.21.5.1015 KLAPP ST, 1982, J MOTOR BEHAV, V14, P46 Lashley KS, 1917, AM J PHYSIOL, V43, P169 LEVELT W, 1989, SPEAKING INTENTION A LEVELT WJM, 1994, COGNITION, V50, P239, DOI 10.1016/0010-0277(94)90030-2 LIBERMAN AM, 1985, COGNITION, V21, P1, DOI 10.1016/0010-0277(85)90021-6 MCCANN RS, 1988, J EXP PSYCHOL HUMAN, V14, P693, DOI 10.1037//0096-1523.14.4.693 McNeil M. R., 1978, REVISED TOKEN TEST McNeil MR, 1997, CLIN MANAGEMENT SENS, P311 McNeil M.R., 1990, CEREBRAL CONTROL SPE, P349 MONSELL S, 1989, J EXP PSYCHOL GEN, V118, P43, DOI 10.1037/0096-3445.118.1.43 MONSELL S, 1990, J EXP PSYCHOL GEN, V119, P335, DOI 10.1037//0096-3445.119.3.335 Nickels L., 1997, SPOKEN WORD PRODUCTI OWENS E, 1977, CALIFORNIA CONSONANT RIDDOCH MJ, 1987, BRAIN, V110, P1431, DOI 10.1093/brain/110.6.1431 Roberts A. H., 1965, STAT LINGUISTIC ANAL Rogers MA, 1998, J SPEECH LANG HEAR R, V41, P258 Schmidt R, 1988, MOTOR CONTROL LEARNI SECORD W, 1981, TEST MINIMAL ARTICUL SHATTUCKHUFNAGE.S, 1979, SENTENCE PROCESSING Shriberg LD, 1982, CLIN PHONETICS SmileyOyen AL, 1996, Q J EXP PSYCHOL-A, V49, P379, DOI 10.1080/027249896392694 STERNBERG S, 1988, PHONETICA, V45, P175 Sternberg S., 1978, INFORMATION PROCESSI, P117 THEOIS J, 1977, COGNITIVE THEORY, V2 Van der Merwe A., 1997, CLIN MANAGEMENT SENS VANDERPLAATS RE, 1990, J MOTOR BEHAV, V22, P361 VIDAL F, 1991, J MOTOR BEHAV, V23, P226 Whiteside SP, 1998, CORTEX, V34, P221, DOI 10.1016/S0010-9452(08)70749-4 NR 39 TC 4 Z9 4 PU PSYCHOLOGY PRESS PI HOVE PA 27 CHURCH RD, HOVE BN3 2FA, EAST SUSSEX, ENGLAND SN 0268-7038 J9 APHASIOLOGY JI Aphasiology PD JAN PY 2005 VL 19 IS 1 BP 39 EP 52 DI 10.1080/02687030444000606 PG 14 WC Clinical Neurology SC Neurosciences & Neurology GA 898PV UT WOS:000227089600003 ER PT J AU Kiran, S AF Kiran, S TI Training phoneme to grapheme conversion for patients with written and oral production deficits: A model-based approach SO APHASIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID ACQUIRED DYSGRAPHIA; SURFACE DYSGRAPHIA; SPELLING PROCESS; NAMING DEFICITS; REMEDIATION; REPRESENTATIONS; COMPONENTS; DISORDERS; APHASIA; OUTPUT AB Background: A previous study (Kiran, Thompson, & Hashimoto, 2001) investigated the effect of training sublexical conversion on improving oral reading of regular words in two individuals with aphasia, Results revealed that training grapheme to phoneme conversion improved acquisition of trained items and facilitated generalisation to trained and untrained stimuli during oral naming, written naming, and writing to dictation as well. Aims: The aim of the present study was to extend this work to investigate if training phoneme to grapheme conversion would result in improvement of writing to dictation of trained items and facilitate generalisation to untrained stimuli and untrained tasks. Methods & procedures: Using a single subject experimental design across three participants with aphasia, the effects of phoneme to grapheme conversion treatment were evaluated by periodic probing of both trained and untrained regular words across lexical tasks: writing to dictation, written naming, oral spelling, and oral naming. Outcomes & Results: Results indicated that training phoneme to grapheme conversion resulted in improved writing to dictation of trained and untrained words in two out of three patients. In addition, improved written naming and oral spelling of trained words was observed. Marginal improvements were observed for untrained stimulation written naming, oral spelling, and oral naming. Conclusions: The results of this experiment demonstrate the effectiveness of training sublexical conversion to improve written production deficits and to facilitate generalisation to untrained stimuli and untrained tasks. These results also complement findings of our previous study to suggest a more efficient method of improving single word production deficits than training each modality successively. C1 Univ Texas, Dept Commun Sci & Disorders, Austin, TX 78712 USA. RP Kiran, S (reprint author), Univ Texas, Dept Commun Sci & Disorders, CMA 7-206, Austin, TX 78712 USA. EM s-kiran@mail.utexas.edu CR ALIMINOSA D, 1993, APHASIOLOGY, V7, P55, DOI 10.1080/02687039308249499 ALLPORT DA, 1981, PHILOS T ROY SOC B, V295, P397, DOI 10.1098/rstb.1981.0148 BEAUVOIS MF, 1981, BRAIN, V104, P21, DOI 10.1093/brain/104.1.21 Beeson P. M., 2002, HDB ADULT LANGUAGE D, P101 Beeson P. M., 1999, APHASIOLOGY, V13, P367 Beeson PM, 2002, APHASIOLOGY, V16, P473, DOI 10.1080/02687030244000167 BEHRMANN M, 1987, COGN NEUROPSYCHOL, V4, P365, DOI 10.1080/02643298708252044 Behrmann M., 1992, COGNITIVE NEUROPSYCH CARAMAZZA A, 1990, COGNITION, V37, P243, DOI 10.1016/0010-0277(90)90047-N CARAMAZZA A, 1990, NATURE, V346, P267, DOI 10.1038/346267a0 Carlomagno S., 1994, COGNITIVE NEUROPSYCH CARLOMAGNO S, 1989, COGNITIVE APPROACHES CONNELL PJ, 1986, J SPEECH HEAR DISORD, V51, P214 De Partz M. P., 1986, COGNITIVE NEUROPSYCH, V3, P147 DEPARTZ MP, 1992, COGNITIVE NEUROPSYCH, V9, P369, DOI 10.1080/02643299208252065 Edmonds LA, 2004, APHASIOLOGY, V18, P567, DOI 10.1080/02687030444000057 Ellis A. W., 1988, HUMAN COGNITIVE NEUR Ellis A. W., 1996, HUMAN COGNITIVE NEUR ELLIS AW, 1983, COGNITION, V15, P111, DOI 10.1016/0010-0277(83)90036-7 Frances N., 1982, FREQUENCY ANAL ENGLI GOODGLASS H, 1980, AM SCI, V68, P647 GOODMANSCHULMAN R, 1987, CORTEX, V23, P143 Hatfield F. M., 1983, APHASIA THERAPY HILLIS A, 1987, CLIN APHASIOLOGY Hillis A. E., 1991, CLIN APHASIOLOGY, V19, P255 Hillis A. E., 1994, COGNITIVE NEUROPSYCH, P449 Hillis A E, 1992, Clin Commun Disord, V2, P19 Hillis A. E., 1995, BROKEN MEMORIES NEUR, P344 Hillis AE, 1999, CORTEX, V35, P337, DOI 10.1016/S0010-9452(08)70804-9 HILLIS AE, 1991, BRAIN LANG, V40, P106, DOI 10.1016/0093-934X(91)90119-L HILLIS AE, 1989, ARCH PHYS MED REHAB, V70, P632 Hillis Trupe A. E., 1986, CLIN APHASIOLOGY, P163 Kaplan E., 1983, BOSTON NAMING TEST KAY J, 1992, PSYHCOLINGUISTIC ASS Kertesz A., 1982, W APHASIA BATTERY Kiran S, 2001, APHASIOLOGY, V15, P855, DOI 10.1080/02687040143000258 LUZATTI C, 2000, NEUROPSYCHOL REHABIL, V10, P249 Miceli G, 1996, BRAIN LANG, V52, P150, DOI 10.1006/brln.1996.0008 Rapcsak S. Z., 2002, HDB ADULT LANGUAGE D, P71 Rapp B, 2002, APHASIOLOGY, V16, P439, DOI 10.1080/02687030244000301 Rapp B, 2002, HDB ADULT LANGUAGE D, P47 Rapp B, 2003, APHASIOLOGY, V17, P531, DOI 10.1080/02687030344000012 Rapp B, 1997, J EXP PSYCHOL HUMAN, V23, P1130, DOI 10.1037/0096-1523.23.4.1130 RAYMER AM, 1993, APHASIOLOGY, V7, P27, DOI 10.1080/02687039308249498 Raymer AM, 2003, APHASIOLOGY, V17, P607, DOI 10.1080/02687030344000058 SERON X, 1980, J SPEECH HEAR DISORD, V45, P45 TRYON WW, 1982, J APPL BEHAV ANAL, V15, P423, DOI 10.1901/jaba.1982.15-423 Weekes B, 1996, COGNITIVE NEUROPSYCH, V13, P277, DOI 10.1080/026432996382033 NR 48 TC 14 Z9 14 PU PSYCHOLOGY PRESS PI HOVE PA 27 CHURCH RD, HOVE BN3 2FA, EAST SUSSEX, ENGLAND SN 0268-7038 J9 APHASIOLOGY JI Aphasiology PD JAN PY 2005 VL 19 IS 1 BP 53 EP 76 DI 10.1080/02687030444000633 PG 24 WC Clinical Neurology SC Neurosciences & Neurology GA 898PV UT WOS:000227089600004 ER PT J AU Fridriksson, J Holland, AL Beeson, P Morrow, L AF Fridriksson, J Holland, AL Beeson, P Morrow, L TI Spaced retrieval treatment of anomia SO APHASIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID WRITING TREATMENT; SEVERE APHASIA; DEFICITS; THERAPY AB Background: Spaced Retrieval (SR) is a treatment approach developed to facilitate recall of information by individuals with dementia. Essentially an errorless learning procedure that can be used to facilitate recall by a variety of information, SR gradually increases the interval between correct recall of target terms. Aims: Given the success of using SR in dementia, the purpose of this study was to explore its usefulness in improving naming by individuals with asphasia. The rate of acquisition and retention of items was compared between SR and a more traditional treatment technique-cueing hierarchy (CH). Also, each oral naming treatment was run concurrently with a single word writing treatment. Methods M Procedures: Three participants who had moderate or severe naming impairments and agraphia were studied. Single-subject design was applied across oral and written naming and treated and untreated items. Outcomes O Results: The results indicate that for these participants, SR resulted in improved naming of specific items. The data further suggest that SR compared favourably to CH with regard to both acquisition and retention of items. The participants also benefited nicely from the writing treatment. Conclusions: These findings suggest SR may be an alternative for managing naming impairment resulting from asphasia. Furthermore, the study supports providing treatments aimed at two different modalities concurrently. C1 Univ S Carolina, Norman J Arnold Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Commun Sci & Disorders, Columbia, SC 29208 USA. Univ Arizona, Tucson, AZ USA. RP Fridriksson, J (reprint author), Univ S Carolina, Norman J Arnold Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Commun Sci & Disorders, Columbia, SC 29208 USA. EM jfridrik@sc.edu CR Beeson PM, 2003, J SPEECH LANG HEAR R, V46, P1038, DOI 10.1044/1092-4388(2003/083) Beeson PM, 2002, APHASIOLOGY, V16, P473, DOI 10.1080/02687030244000167 Beeson PM, 1999, APHASIOLOGY, V13, P767, DOI 10.1080/026870399401867 Bourgeois MS, 2003, J COMMUN DISORD, V36, P361, DOI 10.1016/S0021-9924(03)00051-0 Brush J. A., 1998, THERAPY TECHNIQUE IM Camp C. J., 1996, PROSPECTIVE MEMORY T, P351 Camp C. J., 1998, CLIN GERONTOLOGIST, V19, P51, DOI 10.1300/J018v19n01_05 Clausen NS, 2003, APHASIOLOGY, V17, P625, DOI 10.1080/02687030344000003 GABRIELE TE, 1987, HUM MOVEMENT SCI, V6, P1, DOI 10.1016/0167-9457(87)90019-4 GARRY F, 1989, VET CLIN N AM-FOOD A, V5, P55 SPARKS R, 1974, Cortex, V10, P303 Hillis A. E., 1994, COGNITIVE NEUROPSYCH HOWARD D, 1985, BRAIN, V108, P817 Kaplan E, 1983, BOSTON NAMING TEST Katz RC, 1997, J SPEECH LANG HEAR R, V40, P493 Kay J., 1992, PSYCHOLINGUISTIC ASS Kertesz A., 1982, W APHASIA BATTERY LINEBAUGH CW, 1977, CLIN APH C P MINN MN MELTON A, IN PRESS APHASIOLOGY Nickels L, 2002, APHASIOLOGY, V16, P1047, DOI 10.1080/02687040143000618 Plaut DC, 1996, BRAIN LANG, V52, P25, DOI 10.1006/brln.1996.0004 Pulvermuller F, 2001, STROKE, V32, P1621 RAYMER AM, 1993, APHASIOLOGY, V7, P27, DOI 10.1080/02687039308249498 Schuell H. M., 1964, APHASIA ADULTS DIAGN SHEWAN CM, 1984, BRAIN LANG, V23, P272, DOI 10.1016/0093-934X(84)90068-3 Thompson CK, 1998, J INT NEUROPSYCH SOC, V4, P661 NR 26 TC 21 Z9 23 PU PSYCHOLOGY PRESS PI HOVE PA 27 CHURCH RD, HOVE BN3 2FA, EAST SUSSEX, ENGLAND SN 0268-7038 J9 APHASIOLOGY JI Aphasiology PY 2005 VL 19 IS 2 BP 99 EP 109 DI 10.1080/02687003444000660 PG 11 WC Clinical Neurology SC Neurosciences & Neurology GA 906TM UT WOS:000227666300001 ER PT J AU Cruice, M Worrall, L Hickson, L Murison, R AF Cruice, M Worrall, L Hickson, L Murison, R TI Measuring quality of life: Comparing family members' and friends' ratings with those of their aphasic partners SO APHASIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID HEALTH-CARE PROVIDERS; SIGNIFICANT OTHERS; STROKE SURVIVORS; CHRONIC DISEASE; IMPACT; RELIABILITY; ADULTS; SCALE; SF-36; QUESTIONNAIRE AB Background: A greater awareness of the social consequences of impairments and a growing need for patient-centred outcomes in contemporary health care has made it increasingly important for clinicians to gather information on clients' quality of life (QoL). As QoL measures typically require respondents to perform a number of complex language and cognitive processes, there is a valid concern as to whether clients with aphasia can reliably self-report. In this situation, significant others and healthcare providers are called upon to make judgements as proxy respondents. Evidence from medical and chronic disability and health literature suggests that the responses of proxies may be interchangeable with those of patients, however it is not known whether the same is true for language-impaired respondents. Aims: The current research compared scores from aphasic and proxy respondents to investigate whether proxy respondents could be used to obtain reliable information on aphasic people's QoL. Reliable information was considered as statistically similar group comparisons with small effect sizes, and moderate to good agreement between aphasic and proxy respondents' scores. Methods M Procedures: A total of 30 aphasic respondents aged 57 to 88 years, and 30 proxy respondents (primarily spouses and children) aged 27 to 82 years were interviewed separately by a speech and language therapist using four QoL measures: a global rating, the Short Form 36 Health Survey, the Dartmouth COOP Charts, and the How I Feel About Myself well-being scale. A systematic cueing procedure was used to facilitate respondents' understanding. Subscale scores were compared for group differences using paired samples t tests and effect size calculations, and individually for agreement using intraclass correlations. Outcomes O Results: Proxy respondents demonstrated a significant systematic negative bias in rating their aphasic partners' global QoL, physical functioning, general or overall health, pain, and vitality. Conversely, proxy respondents rated statistically the same as their aphasic partners on physical fitness, feelings, daily activities, quality of life (COOP), total well-being, autonomy, environmental mastery, and purpose in life, with at least moderate agreement. similar to other literature, there was generally higher agreement for objective domains than subjective domains, and greater agreement on the SF-36 than the global rating measure, the COOP Charts, or the well-being scale. Conclusions: Family members and friends of people with aphasia cannot be interchangeably accepted as reliable informants of their partners' QoL. They rated their partners significantly lower in global and physical health-related QoL, and yet their systematic behaviours in ratings could be useful for clinicians and researchers as their aphasic partners' scores can be easily and confidently predicted. Conversely, they appeared to be reliable informants in other areas, namely feelings, daily activities, and well-being, as well as overall quality of life (when using the illustrated COOP QoL measure), however further research is needed to clarify statistical definitions and interpretations of reliability. Finally, there was no relationship between proxies' and aphasic partners' ratings of social health (functioning, activities, support, relations with others) and self-acceptance. Researchers and clinicians need to be aware of these biases when soliciting information from significant others, and further research is needed to develop QoL measures that are accessible for people with aphasia. C1 City Univ London, Dept Language & Commun Sci, London EC1V 0HB, England. Univ Queensland, Brisbane, Qld, Australia. Univ New England, Armidale, NSW, Australia. RP Cruice, M (reprint author), City Univ London, Dept Language & Commun Sci, Northampton Sq, London EC1V 0HB, England. EM m.cruice@city.ac.uk RI Hickson, Louise/F-8748-2010; Worrall, Linda/D-2579-2010 OI Worrall, Linda/0000-0002-3283-7038 CR Addington-Hall J, 2001, BRIT MED J, V322, P1417, DOI 10.1136/bmj.322.7299.1417 AHLSIO B, 1984, STROKE, V15, P886 BERGNER M, 1981, MED CARE, V19, P787, DOI 10.1097/00005650-198108000-00001 Bethoux F, 1996, INT J REHABIL RES, V19, P291 Birren J., 1991, CONCEPT MEASUREMENT Blake H, 2003, CLIN REHABIL, V17, P312, DOI 10.1191/0269215503cr613oa Cruice M, 2003, APHASIOLOGY, V17, P333, DOI 10.1080/02687030244000707 Cruice M., 2000, ASIA PACIFIC J SPEEC, V5, P85 Cruice M., 2000, ASIA PACIFIC J SPEEC, V5, P1 Cusick CP, 2000, J HEAD TRAUMA REHAB, V15, P739 DEHAAN RJ, 1995, STROKE, V26, P402 DIXON P, 1994, OUTCOMES BRIEFING, V4, P3 Dorman PJ, 1997, STROKE, V28, P1883 DUNCAN P, 2002, STROKE, V30, P2593 Duncan PW, 1999, STROKE, V30, P2131 Engell B, 2003, APHASIOLOGY, V17, P383, DOI 10.1080/02687030244000734 FELCE D, 1995, RES DEV DISABIL, V16, P51, DOI 10.1016/0891-4222(94)00028-8 GARRATT AM, 1993, BRIT MED J, V306, P1440 Hilari K, 2001, INT J LANG COMM DIS, V36, P86 Hoen B, 1997, APHASIOLOGY, V11, P681, DOI 10.1080/02687039708249415 JENKINSON C, 1994, QUAL LIFE RES, V3, P7, DOI 10.1007/BF00647843 KAPPELLE LJ, 1994, STROKE, V25, P1360 Kertesz A., 1982, W APHASIA BATTERY King RB, 1996, STROKE, V27, P1467 Knapp P, 1999, STROKE, V30, P934 LANKHORST GJ, 1989, INT J REHABIL RES, V12, P201, DOI 10.1097/00004356-198906000-00012 LEDORZE G, 1994, EUR J DISORDER COMM, V29, P241 LEDORZE G, 1995, APHASIOLOGY, V9, P239 Lofgren B, 1999, STROKE, V30, P567 LOMAS J, 1987, MED CARE, V25, P764, DOI 10.1097/00005650-198708000-00009 Low JTS, 1999, SOC SCI MED, V49, P711, DOI 10.1016/S0277-9536(99)00194-X MCCOLL E, 2003, WORKSH 10 ANN C INT MEADOWS K, 2004, QUALITY LIFE NEWSLET, V19, P7 Muldoon MF, 1998, BRIT MED J, V316, P542 NELSON E, 1987, J CHRON DIS, V40, pS55 NELSON EC, 1990, MED CARE, V28, P1111, DOI 10.1097/00005650-199012000-00001 Neumann PJ, 2000, J AM GERIATR SOC, V48, P1646 NIEMI ML, 1988, STROKE, V19, P1101 NILSSON A, 2000, TOPICS STROKE REHABI, V6, P30 OXENHAM D, 1995, APHASIOLOGY, V9, P477, DOI 10.1080/02687039508248710 Pal DK, 1996, J EPIDEMIOL COMMUN H, V50, P391, DOI 10.1136/jech.50.4.391 PIERRE U, 1995, QUAL LIFE RES, V4, P473 REIMER M, 1995, QUAL LIFE RES, V4, P477 RYFF CD, 1989, J PERS SOC PSYCHOL, V57, P1069, DOI 10.1037/0022-3514.57.6.1069 SARNO MT, 1993, APHASIOLOGY, V7, P321, DOI 10.1080/02687039308249514 Schuling J, 1993, Disabil Rehabil, V15, P19 SEGAL ME, 1994, STROKE, V25, P2391 Sneeuw KCA, 2002, J CLIN EPIDEMIOL, V55, P1130, DOI 10.1016/S0895-4356(02)00479-1 Sneeuw KCA, 1997, J CLIN ONCOL, V15, P1206 Sneeuw KCA, 1997, STROKE, V28, P1541 SPRANGERS MAG, 1992, J CLIN EPIDEMIOL, V45, P743, DOI 10.1016/0895-4356(92)90052-O Stewart A. L., 1996, QUALITY LIFE PHARMAC, P819 THELANDER M, 1994, YORK DURHAM APHASIA WARE JE, 1992, MED CARE, V30, P473, DOI 10.1097/00005650-199206000-00002 *WHO, 1993, WHOQOL STUD PROTOCOL Williams LS, 1999, STROKE, V30, P1362 Wyller TB, 2003, CLIN REHABIL, V17, P410, DOI 10.1191/0269215503cr627oa Wyller TB, 1997, CLIN REHABIL, V11, P139, DOI 10.1177/026921559701100207 NR 58 TC 41 Z9 41 PU PSYCHOLOGY PRESS PI HOVE PA 27 CHURCH RD, HOVE BN3 2FA, EAST SUSSEX, ENGLAND SN 0268-7038 J9 APHASIOLOGY JI Aphasiology PY 2005 VL 19 IS 2 BP 111 EP 129 DI 10.1080/02687030444000651 PG 19 WC Clinical Neurology SC Neurosciences & Neurology GA 906TM UT WOS:000227666300002 ER PT J AU Pettigrew, CM Murdoch, BE Kei, J Ponton, CW Alku, P Chenery, HJ AF Pettigrew, CM Murdoch, BE Kei, J Ponton, CW Alku, P Chenery, HJ TI The mismatch negativity (MMN) response to complex tones and spoken words in individuals with aphasia SO APHASIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID EVENT-RELATED POTENTIALS; LEFT-HEMISPHERE STROKE; HUMAN BRAIN; AUDITORY-DISCRIMINATION; PHONEME REPRESENTATIONS; COGNITIVE NEUROSCIENCE; BEHAVIORAL EVIDENCE; SPEECH STIMULI; SOUND DURATION; MEMORY TRACES AB Background: The mismatch negativity (MMN) is a fronto-centrally distributed event-related potential (ERP) that is elicited by any discriminable auditory change. It is an ideal neurophysiological tool for measuring the auditory processing skills of individuals with aphasia because it can be elicited even in the absence of attention. Previous MMN studies have shown that acoustic processing of tone or pitch deviance is relatively preserved in aphasia, whereas the basic acoustic processing of speech stimuli can be impaired (e.g., auditory discrimination). However, no MMN study has yet investigated the higher levels of auditory processing, such as language-specific phonological and/or lexical processing, in individuals with aphasia. Aims: The aim of the current study was to investigate the MMN response of normal and language-disordered subjects to tone stimuli and speech stimuli that incorporate the basic auditory processing (acoustic, acoustic-phonetic) levels of non-speech and speech sound processing, and also the language-specific phonological and lexical levels of spoken word processing. Furthermore, this study aimed to correlate the aphasic MMN data with language performance on a variety of tasks specifically targeted at the different levels of spoken word processing. Methods M Procedures: Six adults with aphasia (71.7 years +/- 3.0) and six healthy age-, gender-, and education-matched controls (72.2 years +/- 5.4) participated in the study. All subjects were right-handed and native speakers of English. Each subject was presented with complex harmonic tone stimuli, differing in pitch or duration, and consonant-vowel (CV) speech stimuli (non-word /de:/versus real world/deI/). The probability of the deviant for each tone or speech contrast was 10%. The subjects were also presented with the same stimuli in behavioural discrimination tasks, and were administered a language assessment battery to measure their auditory comprehension skills. Outcomes O Results: The aphasic subjects demonstrated attenuated MMN responses to complex tone duration deviance and to speech stimuli (words and non-words), and their responses to the frequency, duration, and real word deviant stimuli were found to strongly correlate with performance on the auditory comprehension section of the Western Aphasia Battery (WAB). Furthermore, deficits in attentional lexical decision skills demonstrated by the aphasic subjects correlated with a word-related enhancement demonstrated during the automatic MMN paradigm, providing evidence to support the "word advantage effect", thought to reflect the activation of language-specific memory traces in the brain for words. Conclusions: These results indicate that the MMN may be used as a technique for investigating general and more specific auditory comprehension skills of individuals with aphasia, using speech and/or non-speech stimuli, independent of the individual's attention. The combined use of the objective MMN technique and current clinical language assessments may result in improved rehabilitative management of aphasic individuals. C1 Univ Queensland, Brisbane, Qld, Australia. Neuroscan, El Paso, TX USA. Helsinki Univ Technol, FIN-02150 Espoo, Finland. RP Pettigrew, CM (reprint author), Natl Univ Ireland Univ Coll Cork, Dept Speech & Hearing Sci, Cork, Ireland. EM c.pettigrew@ucc.ie RI Chenery, Helen/F-5194-2010; Kei, Joseph/A-1284-2010; Alku, Paavo/E-2400-2012; Murdoch, Bruce/C-1397-2012 CR AALTONEN O, 1993, BRAIN LANG, V44, P139, DOI 10.1006/brln.1993.1009 Alho K, 1998, NEUROSCI LETT, V258, P9, DOI 10.1016/S0304-3940(98)00836-2 Alku P, 1999, CLIN NEUROPHYSIOL, V110, P1329, DOI 10.1016/S1388-2457(99)00088-7 Amenedo E, 2000, EUR J NEUROSCI, V12, P2570, DOI 10.1046/j.1460-9568.2000.00114.x Auther LL, 2000, APHASIOLOGY, V14, P461 BASSO A, 1977, CORTEX, V13, P85 Cheour M, 1998, NAT NEUROSCI, V1, P351, DOI 10.1038/1561 Connor LT, 2000, BRAIN LANG, V71, P52, DOI 10.1006/brln.1999.2210 Csepe V, 1997, AUDIOL NEURO-OTOL, V2, P354 Csepe V, 2001, NEUROPSYCHOLOGIA, V39, P1194, DOI 10.1016/S0028-3932(01)00052-5 Dalebout S D, 1999, J Am Acad Audiol, V10, P388 DehaeneLambertz G, 1997, NEUROREPORT, V8, P919, DOI 10.1097/00001756-199703030-00021 DERENZI E, 1962, BRAIN, V85, P665, DOI 10.1093/brain/85.4.665 Dobel C, 2001, EXP BRAIN RES, V140, P77, DOI 10.1007/s002210100794 Friederici AD, 1997, CLIN NEUROSCI, V4, P64 Gainotti G., 1975, LINGUISTICS, V13, P15 Gow DW, 1996, BRAIN LANG, V52, P386 Groenen P, 1996, Audiol Neurootol, V1, P112 HILLYARD SA, 2000, COGNITIVE NEUROSCIEN, P25 Hough MS, 2003, APHASIOLOGY, V17, P159, DOI 10.1080/02687030244000581 Ilvonen TM, 2001, PSYCHOPHYSIOLOGY, V38, P622, DOI 10.1111/1469-8986.3840622 Ilvonen TM, 2003, STROKE, V34, P1746, DOI 10.1161/01.STR.0000078836.26328.3B Jasper H. H., 1958, ELECTROENCEPHALOGRAP, V10, P371, DOI DOI 10.1016/0013-4694(58)90053-1 Kay J., 1992, PALPA PSYCHOLINGUIST Kent Raymond D., 1992, ACOUSTIC ANAL SPEECH Kertesz A., 1982, W APHASIA BATTERY KRAUS N, 1995, EAR HEARING, V16, P19, DOI 10.1097/00003446-199502000-00003 KUTAS M, 2000, COGNITIVE NEUROSCI R, P431 LAINE M, 1997, AFASIAN LIITANNAISHA Lavikainen J, 1997, NEUROSCI LETT, V222, P37, DOI 10.1016/S0304-3940(97)13336-5 Lesser R., 1993, LINGUISTICS APHASIA LEVELT W, 1989, SPEAKING INTENTION A MARSLENWILSON WD, 1987, COGNITION, V25, P71, DOI 10.1016/0010-0277(87)90005-9 MCNEIL MR, 1991, CLIN APHASIOLOGY, V20, P21 MURDOCH BE, 1990, ACQUIRED SPEECH LANG Murray LL, 1999, APHASIOLOGY, V13, P91, DOI 10.1080/026870399402226 Naatanen R, 2000, AUDIOL NEURO-OTOL, V5, P105, DOI 10.1159/000013874 Naatanen R, 1997, TRENDS COGN SCI, V1, P44, DOI 10.1016/S1364-6613(97)01013-9 NAATANEN R, 1995, EAR HEARING, V16, P6 Naatanen R, 1996, TRENDS NEUROSCI, V19, P252 NAATANEN R, 1978, ACTA PSYCHOL, V42, P313, DOI 10.1016/0001-6918(78)90006-9 Naatanen R, 2001, PSYCHOPHYSIOLOGY, V38, P1, DOI 10.1017/S0048577201000208 Naatanen R, 1997, NATURE, V385, P432, DOI 10.1038/385432a0 NAATANEN R, 1993, PSYCHOPHYSIOLOGY, V30, P436, DOI 10.1111/j.1469-8986.1993.tb02067.x Naatanen R, 1999, PSYCHOL BULL, V125, P826, DOI 10.1037/0033-2909.125.6.826 PEKKONEN E, 1995, EVOKED POTENTIAL, V96, P546, DOI 10.1016/0013-4694(95)00148-R Pettigrew C, 2004, APHASIOLOGY, V18, P3, DOI 10.1080/02687030344000463 Pettigrew Catharine M, 2004, J Am Acad Audiol, V15, P47, DOI 10.3766/jaaa.15.1.6 Pettigrew CM, 2004, EAR HEARING, V25, P284, DOI 10.1097/01.AUD.0000130800.88987.03 PICTON TW, 1995, EAR HEARING, V16, P1, DOI 10.1097/00003446-199502000-00001 Ponton C, 2002, CLIN NEUROPHYSIOL, V113, P407, DOI 10.1016/S1388-2457(01)00733-7 Ponton CW, 1997, EVOKED POTENTIAL, V104, P143, DOI 10.1016/S0168-5597(97)96104-9 Pulvermuller F, 2001, NEUROIMAGE, V14, P607, DOI 10.1006/nimg.2001.0864 Pulvermuller F, 2004, PSYCHOPHYSIOLOGY, V41, P584, DOI 10.1111/j.1469-8986.2004.00188.x RUGG MD, 1995, ELECTROPHYSIOLOGY MI, V25 Schroger E, 1998, BEHAV RES METH INS C, V30, P131, DOI 10.3758/BF03209423 SEMLITSCH HV, 1986, PSYCHOPHYSIOLOGY, V23, P695, DOI 10.1111/j.1469-8986.1986.tb00696.x SHARMA A, 1993, ELECTROEN CLIN NEURO, V88, P64, DOI 10.1016/0168-5597(93)90029-O Shtyrov Y, 2002, NEUROREPORT, V13, P521, DOI 10.1097/00001756-200203250-00033 Shtyrov Y, 2000, NEUROREPORT, V11, P2893, DOI 10.1097/00001756-200009110-00013 Sinkkonen J, 2000, AUDIOL NEURO-OTOL, V5, P235, DOI 10.1159/000013885 Tervaniemi M, 1999, CLIN NEUROPHYSIOL, V110, P1388, DOI 10.1016/S1388-2457(99)00108-X Tervaniemi M, 2000, NEUROSCI LETT, V279, P29, DOI 10.1016/S0304-3940(99)00941-6 Thomas C, 1997, ELECTROEN CLIN NEURO, V102, P86, DOI 10.1016/S0921-884X(96)95653-2 Wertz RT, 1998, APHASIOLOGY, V12, P499, DOI 10.1080/02687039808249553 Winkler I, 1998, NEUROSCI LETT, V242, P49, DOI 10.1016/S0304-3940(98)00022-6 Winkler I, 1999, PSYCHOPHYSIOLOGY, V36, P638, DOI 10.1017/S0048577299981908 Wunderlich JL, 2001, J ACOUST SOC AM, V109, P1526, DOI 10.1121/1.1349184 NR 68 TC 14 Z9 15 PU PSYCHOLOGY PRESS PI HOVE PA 27 CHURCH RD, HOVE BN3 2FA, EAST SUSSEX, ENGLAND SN 0268-7038 J9 APHASIOLOGY JI Aphasiology PY 2005 VL 19 IS 2 BP 131 EP 163 DI 10.1080/02687030444000642 PG 33 WC Clinical Neurology SC Neurosciences & Neurology GA 906TM UT WOS:000227666300003 ER PT J AU John, A Enderby, P Hughes, A AF John, A Enderby, P Hughes, A TI Benchmarking outcomes in dysphasia using the therapy outcome measure SO APHASIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID LANGUAGE TREATMENT; SPEECH-THERAPY; STROKE; APHASIA; REHABILITATION; POPULATION; DEPRESSION; MANAGEMENT; RECOVERY AB Background: Quality improvement in health care seeks to drive equitable, effective, and appropriate services. Benchmarking can be used as a tool for acquiring clinical information to inform and monitor change in order to identify commonalities and significant differences. Aims: This study reports on a benchmarking study of eight speech and language therapy services providing interventions for persons with dysphasia, addressing three questions related to equity of access to treatment; changes associated with treatment; and profiles on discharge. Methods M Procedures: The Therapy Outcome Measure (TOM) (Enderby M John, 1997) was used as the indicator. The SLTs were trained and inter-rater reliability checked. Data were collected on consecutively referred cases on entry to treatment and on discharge. Outcome O Results: No difference was found in the profiles of patients referred to the different services on entry to treatment. While a significant difference was found between the services in the number of cases changing in impairment and disability/activity, the final outcomes reported were similar on discharge on impairment, disability/activity, and participation, but showed significant statistical difference on well-being. The number of contacts and duration of treatment varied across the services, even on cases with mild impairment. Conclusions: The results indicated equity of access, a difference in the effects of treatment on the different dimensions, and a significant difference on the dimension of well-being at discharge. Each service was able to compare their outcomes with those of the other services, observed the variations, and exchange information with those services in order to the identify reasons for the results. C1 Univ Sheffield, No Gen Hosp, Inst Gen Practice & Primary Care, Sheffield S5 7AU, S Yorkshire, England. Frenchay Hosp, Bristol BS16 1LE, Avon, England. RP John, A (reprint author), Univ Sheffield, No Gen Hosp, Inst Gen Practice & Primary Care, Herries Rd, Sheffield S5 7AU, S Yorkshire, England. EM A.K.John@sheffield.ac.uk CR ANDERSON CS, 1995, STROKE, V26, P843 BASSO A, 1979, ARCH NEUROL-CHICAGO, V36, P190 BENTON P, 2000, BRIDGING GAP BULLIVANT J, 1997, 14 CRON PUBL LTD Bullivant J R, 1996, Int J Health Care Qual Assur, V9, P9, DOI 10.1108/09526869610112707 Clark MS, 1998, CLIN REHABIL, V12, P73, DOI 10.1191/026921598669567216 Code C., 1992, CODE MULLER PROTOCOL CODLING S, 1996, BEST PRACTICE BENCHM Dewan NA, 2000, J BEHAV HEALTH SER R, V27, P431, DOI 10.1007/BF02287824 Ellis J, 1995, Nurs Stand, V9, P25 Ellis J, 2000, J ADV NURS, V32, P215, DOI 10.1046/j.1365-2648.2000.01429.x Emerson J, 1995, DOES SPEECH LANGUAGE ENDERBY P, 1999, THERAPY OUTCOME MEAS Enderby P, 2002, CLIN REHABIL, V16, P604, DOI 10.1191/0269215502cr505oa Enderby P, 1992, Health Trends, V24, P61 Enderby P, 1997, THERAPY OUTCOME MEAS FRATTALI CM, 1998, MEASUREING OUTCOMES FRATTALI CM, 1999, ADV SPEECH LANGUAGE, V1, P47 FRNAKLIN R, 1995, WHEN WILL PENNY DROP, P1 Greene J G, 1982, Age Ageing, V11, P121, DOI 10.1093/ageing/11.2.121 GREENER J, 2000, COCHRANE LIB, V4, P1 HAMMERTON J, 2004, THESIS U SHEFFIELD U Higgins I, 1997, Aust Health Rev, V20, P60 HUNT J, 1999, SPEECH LANGUAGE THER, V4 JOHN A, 2002, ADV SPEECH LANGUAGE, V4, P79, DOI 10.1080/14417040210001669301 JOHN A, 2001, THESIS U SHEFFIELD U Johnson JN, 1998, BRIT MED J, V316, P1847 KEENAN J, 1973, J SPEECH HEAR DISORD, V39, P257 LINCOLN NB, 1984, LANCET, V1, P1197 MACDONALD J, 1998, UNDERSTANDING BENCHM Marshall EG, 1998, BRIT MED J, V316, P1701 MARSHALL M, 2004, THESIS SHEFFIELD U U MARSHALL R, 1972, FOLIA PHONIATRIC, V34, P305 ROBEY RR, 1994, BRAIN LANG, V47, P582, DOI 10.1006/brln.1994.1060 Sanderson C, 1998, BRIT MED J, V316, P1705 SARNO MT, 1970, J SPEECH HEAR RES, V13, P607 *SECR STAT HLTH, 1998, NEW NHS MOD DEP Shaw L J, 2000, Top Health Inf Manage, V20, P44 Sheeran P., 1999, VASES VISUAL ANALOGU SHEWAN CM, 1984, BRAIN LANG, V23, P272, DOI 10.1016/0093-934X(84)90068-3 Smollan T, 1997, DISABIL REHABIL, V19, P56 SWAGE T, 2000, CLIN GOV HEALTHCARE WERTZ RT, 1986, ARCH NEUROL-CHICAGO, V43, P653 World Health Organization, 2002, INT CLASS FUNCT DIS World Health Organization, 1980, INT CLASS IMP DIS HA Wyller TB, 1997, CLIN REHABIL, V11, P139, DOI 10.1177/026921559701100207 Yaruss JS, 1998, AM J SPEECH-LANG PAT, V7, P62 NR 47 TC 6 Z9 6 PU PSYCHOLOGY PRESS PI HOVE PA 27 CHURCH RD, HOVE BN3 2FA, EAST SUSSEX, ENGLAND SN 0268-7038 J9 APHASIOLOGY JI Aphasiology PY 2005 VL 19 IS 2 BP 165 EP 178 DI 10.1080/026870304400679 PG 14 WC Clinical Neurology SC Neurosciences & Neurology GA 906TM UT WOS:000227666300004 ER PT J AU McNeil, MR Hageman, CF Matthews, CT AF McNeil, MR Hageman, CF Matthews, CT TI Auditory processing deficits in aphasia evidenced on the Revised Token Test: Incidence and prediction of across subtest and across item within subtest patterns SO APHASIOLOGY LA English DT Article C1 Univ Pittsburgh, Sch Hlth & Rehabil Sci, Pittsburgh, PA 15260 USA. Univ No Iowa, Cedar Falls, IA 50614 USA. RP McNeil, MR (reprint author), Univ Pittsburgh, Sch Hlth & Rehabil Sci, 4033 Forbes Tower, Pittsburgh, PA 15260 USA. EM mcneil@pitt.edu CR BROOKSHIRE RB, 1972, ANN CONV AM SPEECH H BROOKSHIRE RH, 1974, ACTA SYMBOLICA, V1, P1 DISIMONI FG, 1979, UNPUB TUNING FADING HAGEMAN CF, 1982, CLIN APHASIOLOGY, V12, P302 HAGEMAN CF, 1986, CLIN APHASIOLOGY, V16, P227 HAGEMAN CF, 1982, CLIN APHASIOLOGY, V12, P230 HAGEMAN CF, 1989, J FLUENCY DISORD, V14, P109, DOI 10.1016/0094-730X(89)90004-1 HAGEMAN CF, 1983, CLIN APHASIOLOGY, V13, P177 HAGEMAN CF, 1980, THESIS U COLORADO CO LAPOINTE LL, 1974, AC APH WARR WV McNeil M. R, 1982, SPEECH LANGUAGE HEAR, VIII, P692 McNeil M. R., 1983, TOP LANG DISORD, V3, P1 McNeil M. R., 1978, REVISED TOKEN TEST MCNEIL MR, 1983, TOP LANG DISORD, V3, P4 MCNEIL MR, 1982, CLIN APHASIOLOGY, V12, P220 MCNEIL MR, 1991, CLIN APHASIOLOGY, V20, P21 NOLL JD, 1978, J COMMUN DISORD, V11, P543, DOI 10.1016/0021-9924(78)90029-1 PORCH BE, 1970, PICA TALK, V2, P2 Schuell H, 1964, APHASIA ADULTS SCHUELL H, 1974, APHASIA THEORY THERA TSENG CH, 1993, BRAIN LANG, V45, P276, DOI 10.1006/brln.1993.1046 NR 21 TC 1 Z9 2 PU PSYCHOLOGY PRESS PI HOVE PA 27 CHURCH RD, HOVE BN3 2FA, EAST SUSSEX, ENGLAND SN 0268-7038 J9 APHASIOLOGY JI Aphasiology PY 2005 VL 19 IS 2 BP 179 EP 198 DI 10.1080/02687030444000426 PG 20 WC Clinical Neurology SC Neurosciences & Neurology GA 906TM UT WOS:000227666300005 ER PT J AU Havik, E Bastiaanse, R AF Havik, E Bastiaanse, R TI Omission of definite and indefinite articles in the spontaneous speech of agrammatic speakers with Broca's aphasia SO APHASIOLOGY LA English DT Article AB Background: Cross-linguistic investigation of agrammatic speech in speakers of different languages allows us to tests theoretical accounts of the nature of agrammatism. A significant feature of the speech of many agrammatic speakers is a problem with article production. Mansson and Ahlsen (2001) report that Swedish agrammatic speakers have more problems with the indefinite than with the definite article. In Swedish, the indefinite article is a free morpheme, whereas the definite article is a suffix to the noun. However, in other languages all articles are free morphemes. We ask whether the indefinite article is more difficult. Aims: The aim of the present study is to examine whether the discrepancy between the production of the definite and indefinite article is because it is indefinite or because it is a free morpheme. Our objective is to examine whether a discrepancy in definite and indefinite article production is also found in Dutch agrammatic speakers, where all articles are freestanding morphemes. Methods & Procedures: The spontaneous speech of eight Dutch agrammatic speakers with Broca's aphasia was analysed with respect to the production of definite and indefinite articles. Outcomes & Results: The Dutch agrammatic speakers had problems with the production of articles. However, no significant difference was found between definite and indefinite articles, although a trend was observed towards definite articles being more impaired than indefinite articles in a language where all articles are free morphemes. Conclusions: The finding of Mansson and Ahlsen (2001) that Swedish agrammatic speakers have particular problems with the indefinite article is probably due to the fact that the definite article is a bound morpheme in Swedish, which is less prone to error than the freestanding indefinite article. Definiteness per se does not appear play a role in the problematic production of articles in agrammatic speakers. Theoretical implications of this finding are discussed. C1 Univ Groningen, Dept Linguist, NL-9700 AS Groningen, Netherlands. Univ Nijmegen, Nijmegen, Netherlands. RP Bastiaanse, R (reprint author), Univ Groningen, Dept Linguist, POB 716, NL-9700 AS Groningen, Netherlands. EM y.r.m.bastiaanse@let.rug.nl CR Ahlsen E, 1996, APHASIOLOGY, V10, P543, DOI 10.1080/02687039608248436 AHLSEN E, 1990, AGRAMMATIC APHASIA C Bastiaanse R, 2003, CORTEX, V39, P405, DOI 10.1016/S0010-9452(08)70256-9 DEROO E, 1999, THESIS LEIDEN U NETH de Roo E, 2003, APHASIOLOGY, V17, P1057, DOI 10.1080/02687030344000382 Goodglass H., 1968, DEV APPL PSYCHOLINGU GRAETZ P, 1991, AKENSE AFASIETEST JONKERS R, 1998, VERBS APHASIA Mansson AC, 2001, J NEUROLINGUIST, V14, P365, DOI 10.1016/S0911-6044(01)00024-0 Ruigendijk E, 2002, APHASIOLOGY, V16, P383, DOI 10.1080/02687030244000310 SAFFRAN EM, 1989, BRAIN LANG, V37, P440, DOI 10.1016/0093-934X(89)90030-8 SANTELMANN L, 1998, P ANN BOST U C CHILD, V22, P51 NR 12 TC 2 Z9 2 PU PSYCHOLOGY PRESS PI HOVE PA 27 CHURCH RD, HOVE BN3 2FA, EAST SUSSEX, ENGLAND SN 0268-7038 J9 APHASIOLOGY JI Aphasiology PD DEC PY 2004 VL 18 IS 12 BP 1093 EP 1102 DI 10.1080/02687030444000543 PG 10 WC Clinical Neurology SC Neurosciences & Neurology GA 882ZA UT WOS:000225977700002 ER PT J AU Salis, C Edwards, S AF Salis, C Edwards, S TI Adaptation theory and non-fluent aphasia in English SO APHASIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID GRAMMATICAL MORPHOLOGY; AGRAMMATIC PRODUCTION; BROCAS APHASIA; PREPOSITIONS; LANGUAGE; SPEECH; TENSE; SYMPTOMS AB Baekground: Adaptation theory (Kolk & Heeschen, 1996) postulates that the fragmented output that is typical of non-fluent aphasia need not directly reflect an underlying impairment. According to the theory it may be a strategy, referred to as ellipsis, that the speaker adopts to avoid using an impaired grammatical system. It has been noted that variation in task results in different degrees of ellipsis. Evidence in support of the theory stems from investigations in Dutch and German, while the only English study yielded controversial results although the methodological changes that were adopted in that study concealed important linguistic differences. Aims: Our aim was to investigate English speaking non-fluent aphasic speakers using the same experimental procedures of the original Dutch and German studies. The two research questions that guided this investigation were as follows: (1) Do English non-fluent aphasic speakers overuse ellipsis? (2) What is the effect of task variation in the grammatical output of English non-fluent aphasic and neurologically intact speakers? Methods & Procedures: Spontaneous language samples and recordings of speech used in a picture description task were analysed. Samples were collected from four non-fluent aphasic speakers who exhibited agrammatic speech characteristics and from three control subjects. Outcomes & Results: Task variation revealed considerable variation in grammatical profiles of both the aphasic and the control groups. The trends we observed were very similar to those reported for the Dutch and German data. Conclusions: The results lend some support to the hypothesis that the overuse of elliptical speech may a strategic choice but we also consider some of the grammatical errors of the non-fluent aphasic speakers within the framework of government and binding. C1 Univ Reading, Sch Linguist & Appl Language Studies, Reading RG6 6AA, Berks, England. Univ Limerick, Limerick, Ireland. RP Edwards, S (reprint author), Univ Reading, Sch Linguist & Appl Language Studies, Reading RG6 6AA, Berks, England. EM s.i.Edwards@reading.ac.uk CR Ahlsen E, 1996, APHASIOLOGY, V10, P543, DOI 10.1080/02687039608248436 Arabatzi M, 2002, BRAIN LANG, V80, P314, DOI 10.1006/brln.2001.2591 Beeke S, 2003, CLIN LINGUIST PHONET, V17, P109, DOI 10.1080/0269920031000061786 de Roo E, 2003, BRAIN LANG, V86, P99, DOI 10.1016/S0093-934X(02)00538-2 de Roo E, 2003, APHASIOLOGY, V17, P1057, DOI 10.1080/02687030344000382 Druks J, 2003, BRAIN LANG, V87, P11, DOI 10.1016/S0093-934X(03)00172-X EDWARDS S, 2000, GRAMMATICAL DISORDER EDWARDS S, 1993, APHASIOLOGY, V7, P217, DOI 10.1080/02687039308249507 Ellis A. W., 1996, HUMAN COGNITIVE NEUR FRIEDERICI AD, 1982, CORTEX, V18, P525 Friedmann N, 1997, BRAIN LANG, V56, P397, DOI 10.1006/brln.1997.1795 Froud K, 2001, LINGUA, V111, P1, DOI 10.1016/S0024-3841(00)00026-7 GRODZINSKY Y, 1984, COGNITION, V16, P99, DOI 10.1016/0010-0277(84)90001-5 GRODZINSKY Y, 1988, LANG SPEECH, V31, P115 Grodzinsky Y, 2000, BEHAV BRAIN SCI, V23, P1, DOI 10.1017/S0140525X00002399 HAARMANN HJ, 1992, CORTEX, V28, P97 HAEGEMAN L, 1994, INTRO GOVT BINDING HAGIWARA H, 1995, BRAIN LANG, V50, P92, DOI 10.1006/brln.1995.1041 Hesketh A, 1996, APHASIOLOGY, V10, P49, DOI 10.1080/02687039608248398 HOFSTEDE BTM, 1994, BRAIN LANG, V46, P278, DOI 10.1006/brln.1994.1017 Kolk H., 1998, HDB NEUROLINGUISTICS Kolk H, 1996, APHASIOLOGY, V10, P81, DOI 10.1080/02687039608248399 KOLK H, 1990, APHASIOLOGY, V4, P221, DOI 10.1080/02687039008249075 KOLK H, 1987, NATURAL LANGUAGE GEN KOLK H, 1992, LANG COGNITIVE PROC, V7, P89, DOI 10.1080/01690969208409381 MARTIN RC, 1989, COGNITION, V32, P157, DOI 10.1016/0010-0277(89)90002-4 Menn L., 1990, AGRAMMATIC APHASIA C Ouhalla Jamal, 1993, LINGUISTISCHE BERICH, V143, P3 Ruigendijk E, 2002, APHASIOLOGY, V16, P383, DOI 10.1080/02687030244000310 SAFFRAN EM, 1989, BRAIN LANG, V37, P440, DOI 10.1016/0093-934X(89)90030-8 TESAK J, 1994, BRAIN LANG, V46, P463, DOI 10.1006/brln.1994.1025 Thompson CK, 1996, BRAIN LANG, V52, P175, DOI 10.1006/brln.1996.0009 NR 32 TC 3 Z9 4 PU PSYCHOLOGY PRESS PI HOVE PA 27 CHURCH RD, HOVE BN3 2FA, EAST SUSSEX, ENGLAND SN 0268-7038 J9 APHASIOLOGY JI Aphasiology PD DEC PY 2004 VL 18 IS 12 BP 1103 EP 1120 DI 10.1080/02687030444000552 PG 18 WC Clinical Neurology SC Neurosciences & Neurology GA 882ZA UT WOS:000225977700003 ER PT J AU Edmonds, LA Marquardt, TP AF Edmonds, LA Marquardt, TP TI Syllable use in apraxia of speech: Preliminary findings SO APHASIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID PERCEPTUAL CHARACTERISTICS; PATTERNS; SPEAKERS; LENGTH; VOWEL AB Background: Apraxia of speech (AOS) is an acquired sensorimotor disorder characterised by an impairment in the ability to program purposeful movements for speech in the absence of muscle weakness or paralysis. Due to motor programming difficulties, individuals with AOS make more errors as the complexity of a phoneme, syllable, word, or phrase increases. They also tend to produce short words and exhibit "syllabic speech", the production of syllables lacking prosody with intersyllabic pauses. While the syllable is a fundamental unit of speech in AOS, little is known about the syllable shapes used by individuals with AOS in discourse. Aims: The aim of this study was to determine if individuals with AOS produce shorter words with simpler syllable structure in spontaneous speech compared to neurologically normal individuals. Methods & Procedures: Five speakers with AOS and Broca's aphasia and five gender- and age-matched neurologically normal individuals participated in the study. One hundred conversational turns related to a topic chosen by the participant and conversational partner were transcribed and analysed to determine the frequency of occurrence of (1) monosyllabic, disyllabic, and polysyllabic words, (2) syllable shapes (V, CV, VC, CVC, complex), and (3) syllabic alterations. The frequency of content and function words was also analysed for 50 conversational turns for both groups. Outcomes & Results: The mean number of syllables per word was significantly greater for the normal group than for the group with AOS (p<.05). Compared to the normal participants, the participants with AOS used a significantly higher proportion of V and CV forms (p<.05) and a significantly lower proportion of CVC and complex syllables (p<.05). Participants with AOS used the same percentage of content words for all syllable shapes except for CVC words, where they used a significantly lower percentage than the normal group (p<.05). Conclusions: Individuals with AOS use shorter words than neurologically normal individuals. Among monosyllabic words, they use more simple (open) syllable shapes and fewer complex (closed) syllable shapes in spontaneous speech. Except for CVC words, they use the same percentage of content words as neurologically normal individuals in order to convey meaning. C1 Univ Texas, Dept Commun Sci & Disorders, CCC SLP, Austin, TX 78712 USA. RP Edmonds, LA (reprint author), Univ Texas, Dept Commun Sci & Disorders, CCC SLP, Jones Commun Bldg,CMA 2-200,Mail Code A1100, Austin, TX 78712 USA. EM lisaedmonds@mail.utexas.edu CR Ballard KJ, 2000, APHASIOLOGY, V14, P969 TROST JE, 1974, BRAIN LANG, V1, P63, DOI 10.1016/0093-934X(74)90026-1 CANTER GJ, 1985, BRAIN LANG, V24, P204, DOI 10.1016/0093-934X(85)90131-2 CHATTERJEE A, 2000, APHASIA LANGUAGE THE, P133 Code C, 1998, CLIN LINGUIST PHONET, V12, P47, DOI 10.3109/02699209808985212 Darley F.L, 1975, MOTOR SPEECH DISORDE Dronkers NF, 1996, NATURE, V384, P159, DOI 10.1038/384159a0 Duffy J.R, 1995, MOTOR SPEECH DISORDE DUNLOP JM, 1977, CORTEX, V13, P17 French NR, 1930, BELL SYST TECH J, V9, P290 Goodglass H., 1983, BOSTON DIAGNOSTIC AP, V2nd Haley KL, 2001, BRAIN LANG, V79, P397, DOI 10.1006/brln.2001.2494 ITOH M, 1980, BRAIN LANG, V11, P66, DOI 10.1016/0093-934X(80)90110-8 JOHNS DF, 1970, J SPEECH HEAR RES, V13, P556 KELLER E, 1984, APRAXIA SPEECH PHYSL, P221 KENT RD, 1983, J SPEECH HEAR RES, V26, P231 KENT RD, 1982, BRAIN LANG, V15, P259, DOI 10.1016/0093-934X(82)90060-8 Liss JM, 1998, BRAIN LANG, V62, P342, DOI 10.1006/brln.1997.1907 Marquardt T., 1984, APRAXIA SPEECH PHYSL, P91 McNeil MR, 1997, CLIN MANAGEMENT SENS, P311 MCNEIL MR, 1990, BRAIN LANG, V38, P135, DOI 10.1016/0093-934X(90)90106-Q Meuse S, 1998, NEUROMOTOR SPEECH DISORDERS, P309 Nespoulous J L, 1984, Adv Neurol, V42, P203 ODELL K, 1991, J SPEECH HEAR RES, V34, P67 ODELL K, 1990, J SPEECH HEAR DISORD, V55, P345 PIERCE R, 1991, TREATING DISORDERED, P185 Rogers MA, 1998, J SPEECH LANG HEAR R, V41, P258 ROSENBEK JC, 1976, VET ADM WORKSH SPEEC SHEWAN CM, 1980, BRAIN LANG, V10, P71, DOI 10.1016/0093-934X(80)90039-5 Square P., 2001, LANGUAGE INTERVENTIO, P847 SQUARE P, 1982, CLIN APHASIOLOGY C P Strand EA, 1996, J SPEECH HEAR RES, V39, P1018 van der Merwe A, 1997, COMSIG '97 - PROCEEDINGS OF THE 1997 SOUTH AFRICAN SYMPOSIUM ON COMMUNICATIONS AND SIGNAL PROCESSING, P1 WERTZ RT, 1984, APRAXIS SPEECH ADULT ZEIGLER W, 2001, SPEECH MOTOR CONTROL, P343 NR 35 TC 7 Z9 7 PU PSYCHOLOGY PRESS PI HOVE PA 27 CHURCH RD, HOVE BN3 2FA, EAST SUSSEX, ENGLAND SN 0268-7038 J9 APHASIOLOGY JI Aphasiology PD DEC PY 2004 VL 18 IS 12 BP 1121 EP 1134 DI 10.1080/02687030444000561 PG 14 WC Clinical Neurology SC Neurosciences & Neurology GA 882ZA UT WOS:000225977700004 ER PT J AU Bauer, A Kulke, F AF Bauer, A Kulke, F TI Language exercises for dinner: Aspects of aphasia management in family settings SO APHASIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID COMMUNICATION STRATEGIES; CONVERSATION ANALYSIS; QUALITATIVE METHODS; REPAIR; REPETITION; DISCOURSE; SEQUENCES; FEEDBACK; SPEECH; TALK AB Background: The introduction of didactic activities into the aphasic family's everyday interaction is a known aspect of the management of aphasia, and it is also known to be problematic, since didactic activities tend to entail tension and interactive stress. Therefore many therapists may discourage aphasic families from language exercising without professional guidance. However, systematic analyses of comprehensive sets of data documenting language exercises in aphasic families have previously not been available. Aims: This study aims at the analysis of one instance of interactively realised aphasia management, thus broadening the empirical basis of a social approach to aphasia therapy and counselling. It presents a detailed insight into structural and social aspects of language exercises within informal contexts: How are these activities organised? Why do some of them entail tension while others do not? Is "improvement of aphasia" the only function they strive to fulfil? Methods & Procedures: A corpus of 21 hours of video recordings of 10 aphasic families' informal conversations is analysed. The procedure of identifying, describing, and analysing sequences of exercising follows the principles of the qualitative paradigm of Conversation Analysis. Outcomes & Results: In three of the ten families exercising is a relevant activity. In these cases, the exercises draw on an interactive pattern known from institutional teaching and therapy. Dealing exclusively with single words (naming and repeating), the Request-Response-Evaluation pattern is imported and adapted to the conditions of informal talk. The face-threatening potential of exercising in informal contexts appears to be closely linked to the way the adaptation of this format is actually realised. Here the determining structural factors are the positioning of the sequence in the ongoing talk, and the initiation and contextualisation techniques employed. In our corpus, type and severity of aphasia do not emerge as factors predicting either frequencies or formal aspects of language exercises. Conclusions: Families engaging in language-exercising sequences, and those who do not, appear to have different orientations in adapting to aphasia: Exercising can express the family's orientation towards the restoration of linguistic competence as a joint project. Confined to private situations, collaboratively agreed upon and accomplished, exercises may lose their face-threatening potential. Language exercises can also serve to circumvent communicative distress, employing a calculable and precast pattern to maintain interaction and ensure the aphasic partner's participation in family activities. Aphasic family counselling should take into account the family's specific orientations, the face-threatening potential of exercising, and the surplus value of exercising as an interactive practice of adaptation. C1 Univ Freiburg, D-79085 Freiburg, Germany. Univ Erfurt, Erfurt, Germany. RP Bauer, A (reprint author), Univ Freiburg, D-79085 Freiburg, Germany. EM angelika.bauer@germanistik.uni-freiburg.de CR BECKERMROTZEK M, 2001, UNTERRICHTSKOMMUNKIK BIRKNER K, 1991, LINGUISTISCHE ARBEIT, V26, P1 Booth S, 1999, APHASIOLOGY, V13, P283 CHUN AE, 1982, TESOL QUART, V16, P537, DOI 10.2307/3586471 Couper-Kuhlen E., 1992, CONTEXTUALIZATION LA, P337 Damico JS, 1995, CLIN APHASIOL, V23, P83 Damico JS, 1999, APHASIOLOGY, V13, P651 Damico JS, 2003, AM J SPEECH-LANG PAT, V12, P131, DOI 10.1044/1058-0360(2003/060) Damico JS, 1999, APHASIOLOGY, V13, P667 DAUSENDSCHONGAY U, 1995, UNTERSUCHUNGEN KOMMU, P85 DAY RR, 1984, LANG LEARN, V34, P19, DOI 10.1111/j.1467-1770.1984.tb01002.x Drew P., 1995, SOCIAL INTELLIGENCE, P111, DOI 10.1017/CBO9780511621710.008 FAERCH C, 1984, LANG LEARN, V34, P45 FERGUSON A, 1994, APHASIOLOGY, V8, P143, DOI 10.1080/02687039408248647 Glenn Phillip, 2003, LAUGHTER INTERACTION Goffman E, 1955, PSYCHIATR, V18, P213 Goffman E, 1963, STIGMA NOTES MANAGEM Goffman Erving, 1979, SEMIOTICA, V25, P1, DOI DOI 10.1515/SEMI.1979 Goodwin C., 2003, CONVERSATION BRAIN D GOODWIN C, 1995, RES LANG SOC INTERAC, V28, P233, DOI 10.1207/s15327973rlsi2803_4 GOODWIN MH, 1986, SEMIOTICA, V62, P51 GOODWIN MH, 1992, CONTEXTUALIZATION LA, P77 HALLAMA R, 2003, THESIS A LUDWIGS U F Heeschen C., 2003, CONVERSATION BRAIN D, P231 Hesketh A., 1999, APHASIOLOGY, V13 Hutchby I., 1998, CONVERSATION ANAL PR Jefferson Gail, 1979, EVERYDAY LANGUAGE ST, P79 Kasper G., 1997, COMMUNICATION STRATE KEPPLER A, 1989, SOZ WELT, V4, P539 Laakso M, 1999, APHASIOLOGY, V13, P345 Laakso M., 2003, CONVERSATION BRAIN D, P163 Leiwo M, 2000, APHASIOLOGY, V14, P203 LETTS C, 1989, FUNCTIONAL EVALUATIO, P125 LEVINSON SC, 1979, LINGUISTICS, V17, P365, DOI 10.1515/ling.1979.17.5-6.365 Lindsay J, 1999, APHASIOLOGY, V13, P305 Luckmann T., 1991, ASYMMETRIES DIALOGUE, P143 Madden ML, 2002, APHASIOLOGY, V16, P1199, DOI 10.1080/02687030244000437 Mehan H., 1979, LEARNING LESSONS SOC MILROY L, 1992, CLIN LINGUIST PHONET, V6, P27, DOI 10.3109/02699209208985517 Oelschlaeger M. L., 2003, CONVERSATION BRAIN D, P211 Oelschlaeger ML, 1998, APHASIOLOGY, V12, P971, DOI 10.1080/02687039808249464 Perkins L., 2003, CONVERSATION BRAIN D, P147 PERKINS L, 1995, INT J PSYCHOLINGUIST, V11, P167 SCHEGLOFF EA, 1977, LANGUAGE, V53, P361, DOI 10.2307/413107 Schegloff EA, 2000, APPL LINGUIST, V21, P205, DOI 10.1093/applin/21.2.205 Schegloff Emanuel A, 2003, CONVERSATION BRAIN D, P21 Schegloff EA, 1997, DISCOURSE PROCESS, V23, P499 SELTING M, 1990, PRAGMATICS STYLE, P106 Selting M., 1998, LINGUISTISCHE BERICH, V173, P91 SILVAST M, 1991, APHASIOLOGY, V5, P383, DOI 10.1080/02687039108248540 Simmons-Mackie N, 1999, APHASIOLOGY, V13, P807 SIMMONSMACKIE N, 1998, CONSTRUCTING INCOMPE, P313 Simms NJ, 2001, EUR FED CORR PUBL, P246 Simmons-Mackie N, 1999, AM J SPEECH-LANG PAT, V8, P218 Snow C., 2002, TALKING ADULTS CONTR Snow Catherine E., 1983, CHILDRENS LANGUAGE, V4, P29 TARONE E, 1980, LANG LEARN, V30, P417, DOI 10.1111/j.1467-1770.1980.tb00326.x TOMASELLO M, 1990, J CHILD LANG, V17, P115 Wilkinson R, 1998, Int J Lang Commun Disord, V33 Suppl, P144 NR 59 TC 8 Z9 8 PU PSYCHOLOGY PRESS PI HOVE PA 27 CHURCH RD, HOVE BN3 2FA, EAST SUSSEX, ENGLAND SN 0268-7038 J9 APHASIOLOGY JI Aphasiology PD DEC PY 2004 VL 18 IS 12 BP 1135 EP 1160 DI 10.1080/02687030444000570 PG 26 WC Clinical Neurology SC Neurosciences & Neurology GA 882ZA UT WOS:000225977700005 ER PT J AU Genereux, S Julien, M Larfeuil, C Lavoie, W Soucy, O Le Dorze, G AF Genereux, S Julien, M Larfeuil, C Lavoie, W Soucy, O Le Dorze, G TI Using communication plans to facilitate interactions with communication-impaired persons residing in long-term care institutions SO APHASIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID ALZHEIMERS-DISEASE; NURSING-HOME; RESIDENTS; CAREGIVERS AB Background: A large proportion of residents in long-term care institutions present severe and chronic communication disorders that may not respond well to therapy focused on improving language and speech. Moreover, given the ecological relevance of considering communication in situations of interaction, speech-language intervention could aim at facilitating interactions with those residents by informing caregivers about the residents' specific characteristics and communication disorders. Aims: The aims of the present research were (1) to elaborate a Communication Plan that contained information about a resident's specific characteristics and communication disorder, and (2) to evaluate the effects of Communication Plans by considering the point of view of the resident's caregivers. Methods & Procedures: In three long-term care institutions, 10 residents (between the ages of 63 and 95 years) who had severe aphasia or communication impairment, and 39 professional and non-professional caregivers attending to these residents, were recruited. An individual Communication Plan for each resident was constructed employing the results of speech-language and communication evaluations. Before and after these Communication Plans were used, participant caregivers completed a questionnaire designed to measure communication and interactions with residents. Outcomes & Results: A qualitative and quantitative analysis of the results indicated that after using Communication Plans, professional and non-professional caregivers felt more comfortable in communicating with residents, were more knowledgeable about communication characteristics of a given resident, and employed more facilitating strategies in communicating with residents. They perceived Communication Plans as being clear, complete, easy to use, and adapted to their needs with communication-impaired residents. Conclusions: The use of Communication Plans is an appropriate speech-language pathology tool, which may enable caregivers to adjust their manner of communicating to the specific needs of a given person residing in a long-term care unit. It is possible that Communication Plans helped caregivers become more skilled communicators with communication-impaired persons. C1 Univ Montreal, Ecole Orthophonie & Audiol, Montreal, PQ H3C 3J7, Canada. Inst Univ Geriatr Montreal, Montreal, PQ, Canada. Ctr Hosp & Soins Longue Duree Jacques Viger, Montreal, PQ, Canada. RP Genereux, S (reprint author), Univ Montreal, Ecole Orthophonie & Audiol, CP 6128,Succursale Ctr Ville, Montreal, PQ H3C 3J7, Canada. EM Guylaine.le.dorze@umontreal.ca RI Le Dorze, Guylaine/A-1790-2014 CR *ASHA COMM COMM PR, 1988, AM SPEECH LANGUAGE, V30, P80 CLARK LW, 1995, TOP LANG DISORD, V15, P47 Friedemann ML, 1997, RES NURS HEALTH, V20, P527 Goodglass H, 1983, ASSESSMENT APHASIA R, V2nd KAAKINEN J, 1995, TOP LANG DISORD, V15, P36 Kagan A, 1995, TOP STROKE REHABIL, V2, P15 LEDORZE G, 1994, EUR J DISORDER COMM, V29, P241 Le Dorze G, 2000, APHASIOLOGY, V14, P17 LUBINSKI R, 1995, TOP LANG DISORD, V15, P1 Mueller P B, 1981, ASHA, V23, P627 Nespoulous J, 1992, PROTOCOLE MONTREAL T NUSSBAUM JF, 1993, J AGING STUD, V7, P237, DOI 10.1016/0890-4065(93)90013-A NUSSBAUM JF, 1991, AGEING SOC, V11, P149, DOI 10.1017/S0144686X00003986 Orange JB, 2000, CLIN GERIATR MED, V16, P153, DOI 10.1016/S0749-0690(05)70015-X PORCH BE, 1969, PORCH INDEX COMMUNIC Siegel S., 1988, NONPARAMETRIC STAT B *STAT CAN, 2000, 11 STAT CAN WILDER CN, 1984, AGING COMMUNICATION, P41 World Health Organisation, 2001, INT CLASS FUNCT DIS NR 19 TC 6 Z9 6 PU PSYCHOLOGY PRESS PI HOVE PA 27 CHURCH RD, HOVE BN3 2FA, EAST SUSSEX, ENGLAND SN 0268-7038 J9 APHASIOLOGY JI Aphasiology PD DEC PY 2004 VL 18 IS 12 BP 1161 EP 1175 DI 10.1080/02687030444000507 PG 15 WC Clinical Neurology SC Neurosciences & Neurology GA 882ZA UT WOS:000225977700006 ER PT J AU Fox, LE Poulsen, SB Bawden, KC Packard, D AF Fox, LE Poulsen, SB Bawden, KC Packard, D TI Critical elements and outcomes of a residential family-based intervention for aphasia caregivers SO APHASIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID PARTNERS; RELATIVES; ADULTS; NEEDS; LIFE AB Background: Families living with aphasia often have unmet needs despite intervention provided in hospital and rehabilitation environments (Denman, 1998; Michallet, Le Dorze, & Tetreault, 2001). Michallet and colleagues found that families living with aphasia need information and support throughout the care continuum. If needs are unmet during the early stages of rehabilitation they persist, and as families deal with the long term sequelae of aphasia, new needs emerge in relation to communication and role changes. Few recent interventions have addressed the complex needs experienced by caregivers of people with aphasia (e.g., Hinckley Packard, 2001; Hinckley, Packard, Bardach, 1995; Pound, Parr, & Duchan, 2001). Aims: This research aimed to identify the critical elements and outcomes of a residential intervention for families living with aphasia. Methods & Procedures: Narrative data were collected from 19 spouses, siblings, and adult children of persons with aphasia who attended a residential intervention over 3 years. Data collected from participants during and following the intervention were triangulated with field notes recorded by 34 students trained in field observation techniques. All narrative data were transcribed, coded, and analysed using procedures described by Luborsky (1994). Outcomes & Results: Data analysis revealed four critical intervention elements: (a) an emotionally and physically safe environment; (b) respite from the demands of caregiving; (c) peer teaming; and (d) participation of families with different amounts of time post aphasia onset. Outcomes from the perspective of the participants included: (a) a renewed sense of hope; (b) improved ability to access their social support resources; (c) improved ability of caregivers to monitor their well-being; (d) greater acceptance of the family's altered state; and (e) emergence of a new social support network. Analysis of thematic relationships showed a web of interconnections between all critical elements and outcomes of the intervention. A central intervention element was learning from peers with different levels of caregiving experience. Conclusions: Some aspects of caregiver learning appear to depend on interventions that are structured to maximise reflective learning from peers. Professionals may underestimate the value of such learning in intervention for caregivers of persons with aphasia. C1 Portland State Univ, Dept Speech & Hearing Sci, Portland, OR 97207 USA. RP Fox, LE (reprint author), Portland State Univ, Dept Speech & Hearing Sci, POB 751, Portland, OR 97207 USA. EM foxl@ohsu.edu CR BORENSTEIN P, 1987, SCAND J REHABIL MED, V19, P51 Code C, 2003, NEUROPSYCHOL REHABIL, V13, P379, DOI 10.1080/09602010244000255 Denman A, 1998, DISABIL REHABIL, V20, P411 Denzin N, 1994, HDB QUALITATIVE RES Emerson R. M., 1995, WRITING ETHNOGRAPHIC EWING SEA, 1999, GROUP TREATMENT NEUR, P9 HERRMANN M, 1989, APHASIOLOGY, V3, P513, DOI 10.1080/02687038908249019 Hinckley J. J., 1995, TOP STROKE REHABIL, V2, P53 Hinckley JJ, 2001, J COMMUN DISORD, V34, P241, DOI 10.1016/S0021-9924(01)00049-1 HOLLAND AL, 1993, APHASIOLOGY, V7, P581, DOI 10.1080/02687039308248634 Hopper T, 2002, APHASIOLOGY, V16, P745, DOI 10.1080/02687030244000059 Kagan A, 2002, J COMMUN DISORD, V35, P153, DOI 10.1016/S0021-9924(02)00062-X Kagan A, 2001, J SPEECH LANG HEAR R, V44, P624, DOI 10.1044/1092-4388(2001/051) Kubler-Ross E., 1970, DEATH DYING LECOMPTE MD, 1982, REV EDUC RES, V52, P31, DOI 10.3102/00346543052001031 LEDORZE G, 1995, APHASIOLOGY, V9, P239 LOFLAND J, 1997, ANAL SOCIAL SETTINGS Luborsky M., 1994, QUALITATIVE METHODS, P189 Michallet B, 2001, APHASIOLOGY, V15, P731, DOI 10.1080/02687040143000087 MOGAN DL, 1998, FOCUS GROUP KIT, V1 Montgomery-West P, 1995, TOP STROKE REHABIL, V2, P1 Parr S, 2001, FOLIA PHONIATR LOGO, V53, P266, DOI 10.1159/000052681 Pound C, 2001, APHASIOLOGY, V15, P477, DOI 10.1080/02687040143000159 Sarno MT, 1997, APHASIOLOGY, V11, P665, DOI 10.1080/02687039708249414 SARNO MT, 1993, APHASIOLOGY, V7, P321, DOI 10.1080/02687039308249514 Servaes P, 1999, APHASIOLOGY, V13, P889 Strauss A., 1990, BASICS QUALITATIVE R Tanner D. C., 1988, APHASIOLOGY, V7, P79, DOI 10.1080/02687038808248889 Turnbull A. P., 1991, HEAD INJURY FAMILY M, P37 NR 29 TC 12 Z9 12 PU PSYCHOLOGY PRESS PI HOVE PA 27 CHURCH RD, HOVE BN3 2FA, EAST SUSSEX, ENGLAND SN 0268-7038 J9 APHASIOLOGY JI Aphasiology PD DEC PY 2004 VL 18 IS 12 BP 1177 EP 1199 DI 10.1080/02687030444000525 PG 23 WC Clinical Neurology SC Neurosciences & Neurology GA 882ZA UT WOS:000225977700007 ER PT J AU Aichert, I Ziegler, W AF Aichert, I Ziegler, W TI Segmental and metrical encoding in aphasia: Two case reports SO APHASIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID WORD PRODUCTION; LEXICAL STRESS; SELECTIVE IMPAIRMENT; ASSIGNMENT; RETRIEVAL; PATIENT; ACCESS; SPEECH AB Background: Phonological impairment in aphasic patients most often affects the segmental structure of words, while metrical structure, i.e., syllable number and stress position, is usually preserved. There is an ongoing discussion on the question of where segmental and metrical errors may occur during the process of word form encoding. In the context of this discussion, a theoretically important aspect is how aphasic phonological impairment interacts with syllabification. Aims: Two aphasic patients with phonological output impairments arc described to demonstrate that (1) disturbances of metrical and segmental structure can be dissociated and (2) aphasic phonological impairment may or may not interfere with syllabification. Methods and Procedures: Single case study of word repetition. Outcomes and Results: Patient WK had an impairment of metrical encoding with largely preserved segmental encoding processes. More specifically, he had a strong tendency to produce the unmarked metrical pattern of German, i.e., two-syllabic words stressed on the first syllable (trochaic pattern). JS showed a reverse pattern with preserved metrical structure but severely affected segmental encoding. While the pathomechanism underlying WK's impairment operated on unsyllabified representations, JS's error pattern was sensitive to syllable structure. Conclusions: (1) At a lexical stage, metrical and segmental retrieval are two parallel processes which can be impaired independently. (2) Postlexically, these two types of information are combined in the syllabification process. The two cases show that phonological errors may arise before syllabification (i.e., at the lexical stage of word-form encoding) or at a stage after phonological words have been syllabified. C1 City Hosp Bogenhausen, Munich, Germany. RP Aichert, I (reprint author), EKN Clin Neuropsychol Res Grp, Dachauer Str 164, D-80992 Munich, Germany. EM ingrid.aichert@aextern.lrz-muenchen.de CR Aichert I, 2004, BRAIN LANG, V88, P148, DOI 10.1016/S0093-934X(03)00296-7 AICHERT I, 2001, SPEECH MOTOR CONTROL, P167 BAAYEN RH, 1993, PHIL LING DAT CONS U BLACK M, 1986, COGN NEUROPSYCHOL, V3, P369, DOI 10.1080/02643298608252028 BUTTERWORTH B, 1992, COGNITION, V42, P261, DOI 10.1016/0010-0277(92)90045-J BUTTERWORTH B, 1979, BRAIN LANG, V8, P133, DOI 10.1016/0093-934X(79)90046-4 Cappa SF, 1997, COGNITION, V65, P1, DOI 10.1016/S0010-0277(97)00024-3 De Bleser R., 2004, LEMO LEXIKON MODELL DELL GS, 1988, J MEM LANG, V27, P124, DOI 10.1016/0749-596X(88)90070-8 DELL GS, 1986, PSYCHOL REV, V93, P283, DOI 10.1037//0033-295X.93.3.283 Fary C, 1997, LINGUISTISCHE BERICH, V172, P461 Fery C, 1998, J COMP GER LINGUIST, V2, P101, DOI 10.1023/A:1009883701003 Goldrick M, 1999, BRAIN LANG, V69, P367 Howard D, 2002, APHASIOLOGY, V16, P198, DOI 10.1080/02687040143000546 HUBER W, 1983, AACHENER APASIE TEST Laganaro M, 2002, BRAIN LANG, V81, P601, DOI 10.1006/brln.2001.2550 Levelt WJM, 1999, BEHAV BRAIN SCI, V22, P1 MARSHALL JC, 1973, J PSYCHOLINGUIST RES, V2, P175, DOI 10.1007/BF01067101 MICELI G, 1993, COGNITIVE NEUROPSYCH, V10, P273, DOI 10.1080/02643299308253465 Nickels L, 1999, CLIN LINGUIST PHONET, V13, P269 NICKELS L, 2000, ASPECTS LANGUAGE PRO, P115 Roelofs A, 1998, J EXP PSYCHOL LEARN, V24, P922, DOI 10.1037//0278-7393.24.4.922 Roelofs A., 2000, ASPECTS LANGUAGE PRO, P71 Shallice T, 2000, COGN NEUROPSYCHOL, V17, P517, DOI 10.1080/02643290050110638 SHATTUCKHUFNAGEL S, 1992, COGNITION, V42, P213, DOI 10.1016/0010-0277(92)90044-I Wilshire CE, 1996, COGNITIVE NEUROPSYCH, V13, P1059 NR 26 TC 3 Z9 3 PU PSYCHOLOGY PRESS PI HOVE PA 27 CHURCH RD, HOVE BN3 2FA, EAST SUSSEX, ENGLAND SN 0268-7038 J9 APHASIOLOGY JI Aphasiology PD DEC PY 2004 VL 18 IS 12 BP 1201 EP 1211 DI 10.1080/02687030444000516 PG 11 WC Clinical Neurology SC Neurosciences & Neurology GA 882ZA UT WOS:000225977700008 ER PT J AU Katz, RC LaPointe, LL Markel, NN AF Katz, RC LaPointe, LL Markel, NN TI Coverbal behavior and aphasic speakers SO APHASIOLOGY LA English DT Article C1 Los Angeles Vet Adm Outpatient Clin, Los Angeles, CA USA. Gainesville Vet Adm Hosp, Gainesville, FL USA. Univ Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA. RP Katz, RC (reprint author), Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Phoenix, AZ 85012 USA. CR CHERRY C, 1968, HUMAN COMMUNICATION Chester S L, 1974, Rehabil Lit, V35, P231 DUNCAN S, 1972, J PERS SOC PSYCHOL, V23, P283, DOI 10.1037/h0033031 Egolf D B, 1973, ASHA, V15, P511 EGOLF DB, 1975, 50 AM SPEECH HEAR AS HOLLAND AL, 1975, 50 AM SPEECH HEAR AS LAPOINTE LL, 1971, 13 FLOR LANG SPEECH LAPOINTE LL, 1974, ASSESSING PATTERNS A MARKEL N, 1976, ORG BEHAV FACE TO FA, P189 MARKEL NN, 1969, PSYCHOLINGUISTICS IN MORRISON BF, 1968, MULTIVARIATE STAT ME Porch B. E., 1967, PORCH INDEX COMMUNIC, V1 PORCH BE, 1967, PORCH INDEX COMMUNIC, V2 SCHEGLOF.EA, 1968, AM ANTHROPOL, V70, P1075, DOI 10.1525/aa.1968.70.6.02a00030 SKELLY M, 1973, HDB AM SIGNS Sullivan H., 1953, INTERPERSONAL THEORY THORNDIKE EL, 1963, TEACHERS WORD BOOK 3 NR 17 TC 1 Z9 1 PU PSYCHOLOGY PRESS PI HOVE PA 27 CHURCH RD, HOVE BN3 2FA, EAST SUSSEX, ENGLAND SN 0268-7038 J9 APHASIOLOGY JI Aphasiology PD DEC PY 2004 VL 18 IS 12 BP 1213 EP 1220 DI 10.1080/02687030444000345 PG 8 WC Clinical Neurology SC Neurosciences & Neurology GA 882ZA UT WOS:000225977700009 ER PT J AU Katz, RC LaPointe, LL Markel, NN Silkes, JP AF Katz, RC LaPointe, LL Markel, NN Silkes, JP TI Coverbal behavior and aphasic speakers: Revisited SO APHASIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID LANGUAGE; SPEECH; COMMUNICATION; LAUGHTER; SPEAKING; ADULTS; SKILLS C1 Univ Washington, Dept Speech & Hearing Sci, Seattle, WA 98105 USA. Arizona State Univ, Tempe, AZ USA. Dept Vet Affairs, Phoenix, AZ USA. Florida State Univ, Tallahassee, FL 32306 USA. Univ Florida, Gainesville, FL USA. RP Silkes, JP (reprint author), Univ Washington, Dept Speech & Hearing Sci, 1417 NE 42nd St, Seattle, WA 98105 USA. EM jsiIkes@u.washington.edu CR ATEN JL, 1982, J SPEECH HEAR DISORD, V47, P93 Avent JR, 1998, J NEUROLINGUIST, V11, P207, DOI 10.1016/S0911-6044(98)00014-1 BUCK R, 1980, CORTEX, V16, P351 Certner-Smith M., 2001, LANGUAGE INTERVENTIO, P383 Davis G., 1981, LANGUAGE INTERVENTIO, P169 Dronkers NF, 1998, J NEUROLINGUIST, V11, P179, DOI 10.1016/S0911-6044(98)00012-8 DUNCAN S, 1972, J PERS SOC PSYCHOL, V23, P283, DOI 10.1037/h0033031 Erickson RJ, 1996, BRAIN COGNITION, V30, P244, DOI 10.1006/brcg.1996.0016 FEYEREISEN P, 1983, INT J PSYCHOL, V18, P545, DOI 10.1080/00207598308247500 HADAR U, 1991, BRAIN LANG, V41, P339, DOI 10.1016/0093-934X(91)90160-3 Hadar U, 1998, BRAIN LANG, V62, P107, DOI 10.1006/brln.1997.1890 HADAR U, 1984, LANG SPEECH, V27, P333 HERRMANN M, 1989, BRAIN LANG, V37, P339, DOI 10.1016/0093-934X(89)90022-9 Holland Audrey L., 1998, Seminars in Speech and Language, V19, P249, DOI 10.1055/s-2008-1064048 Holland AL, 2004, MIT ENCY COMMUNICATI, P283 Kagan A, 1995, TOP STROKE REHABIL, V2, P15 Kagan A., 1993, APHASIA TREATMENT WO, P199 KATZ RC, 1978, 8 CLIN APH C P MINN, P164 Katz RC, 2004, APHASIOLOGY, V18, P1213, DOI 10.1080/02687030444000345 KENDON A, 1970, STUDIES DYADIC COMMU Laakso M, 1999, APHASIOLOGY, V13, P345 LaPointe LL, 2002, J MED SPEECH-LANG PA, V10, pVII Madden ML, 2002, APHASIOLOGY, V16, P1199, DOI 10.1080/02687030244000437 MARKEL N, 1976, ORG BEHAV FACE TO FA, P189 Murray LL, 2000, BRAIN LANG, V72, P40, DOI 10.1006/brln.1999.2281 Norris MR, 1998, J NEUROLINGUIST, V11, P391, DOI 10.1016/S0911-6044(98)00026-8 CONDON WS, 1966, J NERV MENT DIS, V143, P338, DOI 10.1097/00005053-196610000-00005 PRUTTING CA, 1987, J SPEECH HEAR DISORD, V52, P105 Sayette MA, 2001, J NONVERBAL BEHAV, V25, P167, DOI 10.1023/A:1010671109788 NR 29 TC 0 Z9 0 PU PSYCHOLOGY PRESS PI HOVE PA 27 CHURCH RD, HOVE BN3 2FA, EAST SUSSEX, ENGLAND SN 0268-7038 J9 APHASIOLOGY JI Aphasiology PD DEC PY 2004 VL 18 IS 12 BP 1221 EP 1225 DI 10.1080/02687030444000354 PG 5 WC Clinical Neurology SC Neurosciences & Neurology GA 882ZA UT WOS:000225977700010 ER PT J AU Wambaugh, J Cameron, R Kalinyak-Fliszar, M Nessler, C Wright, S AF Wambaugh, J Cameron, R Kalinyak-Fliszar, M Nessler, C Wright, S TI Retrieval of action names in aphasia: Effects of two cueing treatments SO APHASIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID BRAIN-DAMAGED SUBJECTS; VERB RETRIEVAL; LEXICAL RETRIEVAL; DEFICITS; AGRAMMATISM; ANOMIA; NOUNS AB Background: The treatment of word-retrieval deficits in aphasia has most frequently focused oil the retrieval of object names. The retrieval of action names has received relatively little attention in terms of rehabilitation despite the important role played by verbs in communication. Treatments that have been successful in promoting improved object name retrieval cannot be assumed to also facilitate improved action name retrieval. Aims: The Purpose Of this investigation was to examine the effects Of two cueing treatments oil the retrieval of action names with speakers with chronic aphasia. Methods & Procedures: The effects Of two Cueing treatments, Phonological Cueing Treatment (PCT) and Semantic Cueing Treatment (SCT), were examined with five speakers with aphasia. Treatment effects oil action naming were measured using single subject, multiple baseline, and alternating treatments designs. Outcomes & Results: Results varied across participants. For two speakers, both treatments produced strong positive increases in naming, with effects being similar across treatments. For two other speakers, modest increases in correct naming were observed and for the remaining speaker, no increases were found. Conclusions: These findings indicate that PCT and SCT may have utility in facilitating action naming for some speakers with aphasia, but that the effects may vary across speakers. C1 VA Salt Lake City Healthcare Syst, Res Serv 151A, Salt Lake City, UT 84148 USA. Univ Utah, Salt Lake City, UT 84112 USA. VA Pittsburgh Healthcare Syst, Pittsburgh, PA USA. VA Philadelphia Healthcare Syst, Philadelphia, PA USA. RP Wambaugh, J (reprint author), VA Salt Lake City Healthcare Syst, Res Serv 151A, 500 Foothill Blvd, Salt Lake City, UT 84148 USA. EM julie.wambaugh@health.utah.edu CR Bastiaanse R., 2002, VERB SENTENCE TEST Bastiaanse R, 1998, BRAIN LANG, V64, P165, DOI 10.1006/brln.1998.1972 Berndt RS, 1997, BRAIN LANG, V56, P68 Bock J. K., 1994, HDB PSYCHOLINGUISTIC, P945 Druks J., 2000, OBJECT ACTION NAMING Fiez JA, 1997, MEM COGNITION, V25, P543, DOI 10.3758/BF03201129 Fink R. B., 1992, CLIN APHASIOLOGY, V21, P263 Fink RB, 1997, BRAIN LANG, V60, P41 German DJ, 1990, TEST ADOLESCENT ADUL HORNER RD, 1978, J APPL BEHAV ANAL, V11, P189, DOI 10.1901/jaba.1978.11-189 Howard D., 1992, PYRAMIDS PALM TREES Jonkers R, 1998, APHASIOLOGY, V12, P245, DOI 10.1080/02687039808249453 Kay J., 1992, PSYCHOLINGUISTIC ASS Kemmerer D, 2000, BRAIN LANG, V73, P347, DOI 10.1006/brln.2000.2311 Kertesz A., 1982, W APHASIA BATTERY Kim M, 2000, BRAIN LANG, V74, P1, DOI 10.1006/brin.2000.2315 LEDORZE G, 1994, APHASIOLOGY, V8, P127 Linebaugh CW, 1998, APHASIOLOGY, V12, P519, DOI 10.1080/02687039808249555 Marshall J, 1998, BRAIN LANG, V63, P159, DOI 10.1006/brln.1998.1949 McNeil MR, 1998, APHASIOLOGY, V12, P575, DOI 10.1080/02687039808249559 McNeil MR, 1997, APHASIOLOGY, V11, P385, DOI 10.1080/02687039708248479 McReynolds L. V., 1983, SINGLE SUBJECT EXPT MICELI G, 1984, CORTEX, V20, P207 Nickels L, 2002, APHASIOLOGY, V16, P935, DOI 10.1080/02687030244000563 Nickels L, 2002, APHASIOLOGY, V16, P1047, DOI 10.1080/02687040143000618 PATTERSON JP, 2001, AM SPEECH LANGUAGE H, V11, P11 Porch B. E., 1981, PORCH INDEX COMMUNIC, V2 Raven J., 1998, COLOURED PROGR MATRI Raymer AM, 2002, APHASIOLOGY, V16, P1031, DOI 10.1080/026870401430000609 Thompson CK, 1997, APHASIOLOGY, V11, P473, DOI 10.1080/02687039708248485 Wambaugh JL, 2001, APHASIOLOGY, V15, P933 Wambaugh JL, 2003, APHASIOLOGY, V17, P433, DOI 10.1080/02687030344000085 Wambaugh JL, 2002, J REHABIL RES DEV, V39, P455 Wambaugh JL, 1999, BRAIN LANG, V69, P446 Yorkston K. M., 1981, ASSESSMENT INTELLIGI ZINGESER LB, 1990, BRAIN LANG, V39, P14, DOI 10.1016/0093-934X(90)90002-X NR 36 TC 23 Z9 23 PU PSYCHOLOGY PRESS PI HOVE PA 27 CHURCH RD, HOVE BN3 2FA, EAST SUSSEX, ENGLAND SN 0268-7038 J9 APHASIOLOGY JI Aphasiology PD NOV PY 2004 VL 18 IS 11 BP 979 EP 1004 DI 10.1080/02687030444000471 PG 26 WC Clinical Neurology SC Neurosciences & Neurology GA 877LN UT WOS:000225572200001 ER PT J AU Howland, J Pierce, RS AF Howland, J Pierce, RS TI Influence of semantic relatedness and array size on single-word reading comprehension in aphasia SO APHASIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID AUDITORY COMPREHENSION AB Background: Previous research has shown that aphasic individuals' ability to select a pictured object from a group of pictures depends on (1) the number or pictures arrayed, (2) whether the pictures are situationally related to each other, and (3) whether they are displayed in a situational context versus a standard matrix. Aims: The present Study expands on these results to include printed words and relationships based on semantic categories rather than common situational environments. Methods &, Procedures: Ten aphasic participants were asked to match a spoken word to the printed word. The nature of the foils was systematically varied based on array size (two, four, six, and eight words) and whether the words were semantically related or not. Outcomes Results: The result for array size was similar to previous results in that performance with larger arrays (eight words) was worse than with smaller arrays. However, the results for relatedness were different. Earlier results showed that performance with satuationally related Pictures was worse than with unrelated pictures only at larger array sizes (six and eight Pictures). In contrast, performance with semantically related printed words was worse than for unrelated printed words at all array sizes. Conclusions: Whether similarity among stimuli is based on semantic or Situational relatedness changes how relatedness interacts with array size to affect performance. The impact of this on diagnostic test results and treatment considerations is discussed. C1 Natl HealthCare, Anderson, SC USA. Kent State Univ, Kent, OH 44242 USA. RP Howland, J (reprint author), 107 Campers Way, Starr, SC 29684 USA. EM WBHJEJ@aol.com CR BUTTERWORTH B, 1984, NEUROPSYCHOLOGIA, V22, P409, DOI 10.1016/0028-3932(84)90036-8 GERMANI MJ, 1995, APHASIOLOGY, V9, P1, DOI 10.1080/02687039508248685 Goodglass H, 1983, ASSESSMENT APHASIA R, V2nd GOODGLASS H, 1976, BRAIN LANG, V3, P359, DOI 10.1016/0093-934X(76)90032-8 Goodglass H, 2001, BOSTON DIAGNOSTIC AP, V3rd GROGAN S, 1994, FACTORS INFLUENCING HELMESTABROOKS N, 1981, CLIN APHASIOLOGY, P105 HOUGH MS, 1989, BRAIN LANG, V36, P325, DOI 10.1016/0093-934X(89)90069-2 Kertesz A., 1982, W APHASIA BATTERY LaPointe L., 1998, READING COMPREHENSIO McNeil M. R., 1986, SEMINARS SPEECH LANG, V7, P123, DOI 10.1055/s-0028-1085226 MCNEIL MR, 1990, CLIN APHASIOLOGY, V20, P21 PIERCE R, 1996, ADULT APHASIA REHABI, P175 PIERCE RS, 1990, APHASIOLOGY, V4, P155, DOI 10.1080/02687039008249067 ROSCH E, 1975, J EXP PSYCHOL GEN, V104, P192, DOI 10.1037//0096-3445.104.3.192 USTIK G, 1989, AM SPEECH LANG HEAR Vecchi B, 1994, THESIS U STUDI PADOV NR 17 TC 3 Z9 3 PU PSYCHOLOGY PRESS PI HOVE PA 27 CHURCH RD, HOVE BN3 2FA, EAST SUSSEX, ENGLAND SN 0268-7038 J9 APHASIOLOGY JI Aphasiology PD NOV PY 2004 VL 18 IS 11 BP 1005 EP 1013 DI 10.1080/02687030444000318 PG 9 WC Clinical Neurology SC Neurosciences & Neurology GA 877LN UT WOS:000225572200002 ER PT J AU Martin, N Fink, R Laine, M Ayala, J AF Martin, N Fink, R Laine, M Ayala, J TI Immediate and short-term effects of contextual priming on word retrieval in aphasia SO APHASIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID LEXICAL ACCESS; DEEP DYSPHASIA; LANGUAGE PRODUCTION; SPEECH PRODUCTION; ANOMIA TREATMENT; FACILITATION; MODELS; ERRORS; THERAPY; INTERFERENCE AB Background: Many therapy techniques for word retrieval disorders use some form of priming to improve access to words. Priming can facilitate or interfere with naming under different circumstances. We examined effects of priming when combined with semantic or phonological context (training words in groups that are semantically or phonologically related) and how these effects interact with the type of naming impairment (semantically or phonologically based). Aims: We addressed three questions (1) Are word retrieval impairments differentially sensitive to priming with semantic or phonological contexts? (2) Would such differences be systematically related to deficits of semantic versus phonological processing? (3) Do effects of priming evolve from immediate interference to short-term facilitation, as predicted by an interactive activation model of word retrieval? Methods & Procedures: A total of 11 chronic English-speaking aphasic subjects with varied types of aphasia participated in this experiment. Background measures of semantic and phonological processing ability were administered to determine the nature of each subject's naming impairment. The experiment involved one-session facilitation treatments for each of three context conditions (semantic, phonological, and unrelated), plus three replications (nine subjects) or one replication (two subjects). Ten pictures in each condition were tested before and after treatment. Five pictures were trained and five served as controls. Participants repeated the name of each picture four times (repetition priming) and then attempted to name each picture individually (naming probe). Repetition priming and naming probes were repeated eight times. We used McNemar tests to compare rates of correct responses before and after priming, and chi square analyses of correct responses and contextual errors on naming probes obtained during the priming sessions. Outcome & results: Our predictions were borne out in the data. Participants varied in their sensitivity to the semantic and phonological contexts. The error data suggest that interference during training is more likely when the context (semantic or phonological) and underlying source of the word processing impairment (semantic or phonological) match. Additionally, we found two sequential effects of contextual priming: immediate interference followed short-term facilitation. Conclusions: These data have theoretical implications regarding the time course of priming effects, but also have important clinical implications. The present contextual priming procedure is relatively short and could be used as a predictor of performance patterns in a long-term treatment protocol that uses this approach or other tasks that employ priming. C1 Temple Univ, Dept Commun Sci, Ctr Cognit Neurosci, Philadelphia, PA 19122 USA. Moss Rehabil Res Inst, Philadelphia, PA USA. Abo Akad Univ, Turku, Finland. RP Martin, N (reprint author), Temple Univ, Dept Commun Sci, Ctr Cognit Neurosci, Weiss Hall,1701 N 13th St, Philadelphia, PA 19122 USA. EM nmartin@temple.edu CR Baayen R. H., 1993, CELEX LEXICAL DATABA BAUM S, 1992, BRAIN LANG, V60, P347 Best W, 2002, APHASIOLOGY, V16, P151 Best W, 2000, NEUROPSYCHOL REHABIL, V10, P231 BLAXTON TA, 1983, MEM COGNITION, V11, P500, DOI 10.3758/BF03196987 BOWLES NL, 1985, J EXP PSYCHOL LEARN, V11, P272 Boyle M., 1995, AM J SPEECH-LANG PAT, V4, P94 CARAMAZZA A, 1990, CORTEX, V26, P95 Chute D. L., 1990, MACLABORATORY PSYCHO Cornelissen K, 2003, J COGNITIVE NEUROSCI, V15, P444, DOI 10.1162/089892903321593153 Damian M. F., 2001, COGNITION, V81, P77 Davis A., 1991, NEUROPSYCHOL REHABIL, V1, P135, DOI 10.1080/09602019108401387 DELL GS, 1992, COGNITION, V42, P287, DOI 10.1016/0010-0277(92)90046-K Dell GS, 2004, COGN NEUROPSYCHOL, V21, P125, DOI 10.1080/02643290342000320 DELL GS, 1986, PSYCHOL REV, V93, P283, DOI 10.1037//0033-295X.93.3.283 Dell GS, 1997, PSYCHOL REV, V104, P801, DOI 10.1037/0033-295X.104.4.801 DEPARTZ MP, 1986, COGNITIVE NEUROPSYCH, V3, P149, DOI 10.1080/02643298608252674 Dunn L. M., 1981, PEABODY PICTURE VOCA Foygel D, 2000, J MEM LANG, V43, P182, DOI 10.1006/jmla.2000.2716 Francis WN, 1982, FREQUENCY ANAL ENGLI GARNHAM A, 1981, LINGUISTICS, V19, P805, DOI 10.1515/ling.1981.19.7-8.805 GORDON JK, 1994, BRAIN LANG, V47, P661, DOI 10.1006/brln.1994.1062 HARLEY TA, 1984, COGNITIVE SCI, V8, P191 Hillis A. E., 1991, CLIN APHASIOLOGY, V19, P255 Hillis A. E., 1994, COGNITIVE NEUROPSYCH, P449 HOWARD D, 1985, COGNITIVE NEUROPSYCH, V2, P49, DOI 10.1080/02643298508252861 LAINE M, 1998, J NEUROLINGUIST, V10, P139 Laine M, 1996, BRAIN LANG, V53, P283, DOI 10.1006/brln.1996.0050 LEDORZE G, 1994, APHASIOLOGY, V8, P127 Martin N, 1996, BRAIN LANG, V52, P83, DOI 10.1006/brln.1996.0005 MARTIN N, 1989, J MEM LANG, V28, P462, DOI 10.1016/0749-596X(89)90022-3 Martin N, 2000, APHASIOLOGY, V14, P53 Martin N, 1997, COGNITIVE NEUROPSYCH, V14, P641 Martin N., 1999, INT J PSYCHOL, V34, P330 MARTIN N, 1992, BRAIN LANG, V43, P240, DOI 10.1016/0093-934X(92)90130-7 MARTIN N, 1994, BRAIN LANG, V47, P609, DOI 10.1006/brln.1994.1061 Martin N, 2004, APHASIOLOGY, V18, P457, DOI 10.1080/02687030444000129 MEYER DE, 1971, J EXP PSYCHOL, V90, P227, DOI 10.1037/h0031564 MILBERG W, 1981, BRAIN LANG, V14, P371, DOI 10.1016/0093-934X(81)90086-9 Nettleton J., 1991, J NEUROLINGUIST, V6, P139, DOI 10.1016/0911-6044(91)90004-3 Nickels L, 1996, APHASIOLOGY, V10, P21, DOI 10.1080/02687039608248397 NICKELS L, 1992, COGNITIVE NEUROPSYCH, V9, P155, DOI 10.1080/02643299208252057 Patterson K., 1983, APHASIA THERAPY PRING T, 1993, APHASIOLOGY, V7, P383, DOI 10.1080/02687039308249517 RADEAU M, 1989, MEM COGNITION, V17, P525, DOI 10.3758/BF03197074 RAJARAM S, 1993, J EXP PSYCHOL LEARN, V19, P765, DOI 10.1037/0278-7393.19.4.765 RAYMER AM, 1993, APHASIOLOGY, V7, P27, DOI 10.1080/02687039308249498 Renvall K, 2003, APHASIOLOGY, V17, P305, DOI 10.1080/02687030244000671 Roach A., 1996, CLIN APHASIOLOGY, V24, P121 SAFFRAN EM, 1988, UNPUB PHILADELPHIA C SCHRIEFERS H, 1990, J MEM LANG, V29, P86, DOI 10.1016/0749-596X(90)90011-N Schwartz MF, 2002, COGN NEUROPSYCHOL, V19, P263, DOI 10.1080/02643290143000187 Siegel S., 1956, NONPARAMETRIC STAT B SLOWIACZEK LM, 1992, J EXP PSYCHOL LEARN, V18, P1239 Weigl E, 1961, Z PHONETIK SPRACHWIS, V14, P337 Wilshire CE, 2002, COGN NEUROPSYCHOL, V19, P165, DOI 10.1080/02643290143000169 NR 56 TC 23 Z9 24 PU PSYCHOLOGY PRESS PI HOVE PA 27 CHURCH RD, HOVE BN3 2FA, EAST SUSSEX, ENGLAND SN 0268-7038 J9 APHASIOLOGY JI Aphasiology PD OCT PY 2004 VL 18 IS 10 BP 867 EP 898 DI 10.1080/02687030444000390 PG 32 WC Clinical Neurology SC Neurosciences & Neurology GA 851KJ UT WOS:000223683700001 ER PT J AU de Riesthal, M Wertz, R AF de Riesthal, M Wertz, R TI Prognosis for aphasia: Relationship between selected biographical and behavioural variables and outcome and improvement SO APHASIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID SPONTANEOUS-RECOVERY; STROKE PATIENTS; IMPAIRMENT; PATTERNS; SEVERITY AB Background: Numerous biographical and behavioural variables have been investigated for their prognostic value in aphasia. Tompkins, Jackson, and Schulz (1990) recommended ways to reconceptualise some of these variables and suggested exploration of additional variables that have been neglected. Aims: The purpose of this investigation was to examine the relationship between selected biographical and behavioural variables and initial performance, outcome, and amount of change in aphasia. Methods & Procedures: A total of 34 participants, from the first Veterans Administration Cooperative Study on Aphasia, composed the study sample. Each was evaluated with the Porch Index of Communicative Ability (PICA) and the Rating of Functional Performance (RFP) (a modification of the Functional Communication Profile) at 4 and 48 weeks post-onset (WPO), before and after a 44-week treatment trial. Information for 10 biographical and behavioural variables was available for each participant at 4 WPO. Spearman's correlations were employed to determine the relationship between each biographical and behavioural variable and initial performance, outcome, and amount of change on the PICA and RFP. Outcomes & Results: Performance at 4 WPO, pre-treatment, on the PICA and RFP was significantly correlated. Similarly, performance on the PICA and RFP at 4 WPO was significantly correlated with conversational, Token Test , and word fluency performance at 4 WPO. Outcome on the PICA and the RFP at 48 WPO, post-treatment, was significantly correlated with PICA, RFP, and word fluency performance at 4 WPO. Moreover, outcome on the PICA at 48 WPO was significantly correlated with conversational and Token Test performance at 4 WPO. Amount of change on the PICA between 4 WPO and 48 WPO was significantly negatively correlated with PICA, word fluency, Token Test , and conversational performance at 4 WPO. Amount of change on the RFP between 4 WPO and 48 WPO was significantly negatively correlated with RFP performance at 4 WPO. Conclusions: The results indicate that there are significant relationships between specific behavioural variables and initial performance, outcome, and amount of change on measures of language impairment and functional communication. Moreover, there is a difference between formulating a prognosis for outcome and amount of change in aphasia--individuals who attain higher outcomes do not necessarily make more improvement. However, the influence of a ceiling effect must be considered in this relationship. Finally, to determine the predictive precision of these relationships, future investigations will require a larger sample size and application of multiple regression analysis. C1 Dept Vet Affairs N Florida S Georgia Healthcare S, Neurol Serv 127, Gainesville, FL 32608 USA. Dept Vet Affairs Tennessee Valley Healthcare Syst, Nashville, TN USA. Vanderbilt Univ, Sch Med, Nashville, TN 37212 USA. RP de Riesthal, M (reprint author), Dept Vet Affairs N Florida S Georgia Healthcare S, Neurol Serv 127, 1601 Archer Rd, Gainesville, FL 32608 USA. EM michael.deriesthal2@med.va.gov CR BAILEY S, 1981, BRIT J DISORDERS COM, V16, P1193 Basso A, 1996, J CLIN EXP NEUROPSYC, V18, P77, DOI 10.1080/01688639608408264 BASSO A, 1992, APHASIOLOGY, V6, P337, DOI 10.1080/02687039208248605 BORKOWSK.JG, 1967, NEUROPSYCHOLOGIA, V5, P135, DOI 10.1016/0028-3932(67)90015-2 CARHART R, 1971, J SPEECH HEAR DISORD, V36, P476 CRARY MA, 1989, J SPEECH HEAR DISORD, V54, P163 CULTON GL, 1969, J SPEECH HEAR RES, V12, P825 Darley F. L., 1982, APHASIA DAVID RM, 1984, J CLIN NEUROPSYCHOL, V6, P302, DOI 10.1080/01688638408401220 DERENZI E, 1962, BRAIN, V85, P665, DOI 10.1093/brain/85.4.665 DUFFY JR, 1980, APHASIA APRAXIA AGNO, V2, P1 Eisenson J, 1949, J SPEECH HEAR DISORD, V14, P262 HARTMAN J, 1981, ANN NEUROL, V9, P89, DOI 10.1002/ana.410090119 HOLLAND AL, 1989, J SPEECH HEAR RES, V32, P232 HOLLAND AL, 1980, CADL TEST FUNCTIONAL KEENAN JS, 1974, J SPEECH HEAR DISORD, V39, P257 KERTESZ A, 1977, BRAIN, V100, P1, DOI 10.1093/brain/100.1.1 Kertesz A, 1974, Can J Neurol Sci, V1, P7 Kertesz A., 1982, W APHASIA BATTERY LARZELERE RE, 1977, PSYCHOL BULL, V84, P557, DOI 10.1037/0033-2909.84.3.557 Maeshima S, 2002, BRAIN INJURY, V16, P161, DOI 10.1080/02699050110102095 MARSHALL RC, 1982, FOLIA PHONIATR, V34, P305 MARSHALL RC, 1983, ARCH PHYS MED REHAB, V64, P597 McNeil M. R., 1978, REVISED TOKEN TEST Porch B. E., 1967, PORCH INDEX COMMUNIC PORCH BE, 1980, J SPEECH HEAR RES, V23, P312 Raven J. C., 1962, COLOURED PROGR MATRI Rosenbek J.C., 1989, APHASIA CLIN APPROAC Ross KB, 1999, APHASIOLOGY, V13, P113, DOI 10.1080/026870399402235 ROSS KB, 1999, THESIS VANDERBILT U SANDS E, 1969, Archives of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, V50, P202 SARNO M T, 1971, Archives of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, V52, P175 Sarno MT, 1969, FUNCTIONAL COMMUNICA SARNO MT, 1992, SCANDINAVIAN J REH S, V26, P43 SMITH A, 1971, J SPEECH HEAR DISORD, V36, P167 TOMPKINS CA, 1990, J SPEECH HEAR RES, V33, P398 ULATOWSKA H K, 1989, Seminars in Speech and Language, V10, P298, DOI 10.1055/s-2008-1064270 ULATOWSKA HK, 1992, APHASIOLOGY, V6, P325, DOI 10.1080/02687039208248602 VIGNOLO LA, 1964, CORTEX, V1, P344 WALLESCH CW, 1992, APHASIOLOGY, V6, P373, DOI 10.1080/02687039208248608 Wechsler D., 1958, MEASUREMENT APPRAISA WERTZ RT, 2000, TREATM EFF C NASHV T WERTZ RT, 1990, P RES S COMM SCI DIS, P88 WERTZ RT, 1981, J SPEECH HEAR RES, V24, P580 WILSON R S, 1979, Journal of Clinical Neuropsychology, V1, P49, DOI 10.1080/01688637908401097 World Health Organisation, 2000, INT CLASS FUNCT DIS NR 46 TC 5 Z9 5 PU PSYCHOLOGY PRESS PI HOVE PA 27 CHURCH RD, HOVE BN3 2FA, EAST SUSSEX, ENGLAND SN 0268-7038 J9 APHASIOLOGY JI Aphasiology PD OCT PY 2004 VL 18 IS 10 BP 899 EP 915 DI 10.1080/02687030444000381 PG 17 WC Clinical Neurology SC Neurosciences & Neurology GA 851KJ UT WOS:000223683700002 ER PT J AU Robson, J Marshall, J Pring, T Montagu, A Chiat, S AF Robson, J Marshall, J Pring, T Montagu, A Chiat, S TI Processing proper nouns in aphasia: Evidence from assessment and therapy SO APHASIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID SEMANTIC MEMORY DISORDER; I CANT REMEMBER; NAMING DISORDERS; PEOPLES NAMES; ALZHEIMERS-DISEASE; GEOGRAPHICAL NAMES; WORD RETRIEVAL; GLOBAL APHASIA; COMMON NAMES; ANOMIA AB Background: Dissociations between proper and common names following brain damage have frequently been reported (see Yasuda, Nakamura, & Beckman, 2000, for review) and suggest that these different word classes are processed by distinct mechanisms. The dissociations are often observed in people with relatively pure impairments, but might also be expected more generally in aphasia. There is the further possibility that the different vocabulary groups require different therapy approaches. Yet, to our knowledge, no study has explored whether treatments that are known to be successful with common nouns are also successful with proper nouns. Aims: This study had two main aims: to compare the comprehension and production of common and proper nouns in 20 people with aphasia; and to investigate whether semantic naming therapy is equally effective for common and proper nouns. Methods & Procedures: A total of 20 people with aphasia were tested in their ability to comprehend and produce matched sets of proper and common nouns. The stimuli comprised: 20 famous people, 20 famous places, 20 high-familiarity common nouns, and 20 low-familiarity common nouns. Participants were also tested with personally relevant proper names, such as the names of family members. In the second phase of the study 10 of the original participants were given semantic therapy for both common and proper nouns. Experimental measures explored effects on treated and untreated words. Outcomes & Results: Initial testing found that comprehension scores were generally high, with no word class effect. In production, proper nouns were significantly more difficult to name than the matched common nouns. However, this finding excluded personally relevant proper nouns, which were the most successfully named items. Results from the second phase showed that semantic therapy was equally effective in improving naming of both common and proper nouns. As in many previous studies, effects were almost entirely confined to treated items. Conclusions: Our findings suggest that proper nouns induce more naming failures in aphasia than common nouns. However, despite this, they seem equally amenable to therapy. Clinical and theoretical implications are discussed. C1 City Univ London, Dept Language & Commun Sci, London EC1V 0HB, England. RP Marshall, J (reprint author), City Univ London, Dept Language & Commun Sci, London EC1V 0HB, England. EM J.Marshall@city.ac.uk CR Brédart S, 1993, Memory, V1, P351, DOI 10.1080/09658219308258243 Bredart S, 1997, COGNITIVE NEUROPSYCH, V14, P209 BURKE DM, 1991, J MEM LANG, V30, P542, DOI 10.1016/0749-596X(91)90026-G BURTON AM, 1992, BRIT J PSYCHOL, V83, P45 Caramazza A, 1998, J COGNITIVE NEUROSCI, V10, P1, DOI 10.1162/089892998563752 CARNEY R, 1993, COGNITIVE NEUROPSYCH, V10, P185, DOI 10.1080/02643299308253460 Cipolotti L, 2000, COGN NEUROPSYCHOL, V17, P709, DOI 10.1080/026432900750038308 Cipolotti L, 1993, Memory, V1, P289, DOI 10.1080/09658219308258240 Drew RL, 1999, J SPEECH LANG HEAR R, V42, P972 Evrard M, 2002, BRAIN LANG, V81, P174, DOI 10.1006/brln.2001.2515 Fadda L, 1998, EUR J NEUROL, V5, P417, DOI 10.1046/j.1468-1331.1998.540417.x FERY P, 1995, CORTEX, V31, P191 FLUDE BM, 1989, BRAIN COGNITION, V11, P60, DOI 10.1016/0278-2626(89)90005-5 Hanley JR, 1998, CORTEX, V34, P155, DOI 10.1016/S0010-9452(08)70745-7 HANLEY JR, 1995, Q J EXP PSYCHOL-A, V48, P487 HARRIS DM, 1995, CORTEX, V31, P575 HARRIS DM, 1995, BRIT J PSYCHOL, V86, P345 HICKIN J, IN PRESS APHASIA THE, V2 HITTMAIRDELAZER M, 1994, NEUROPSYCHOLOGIA, V32, P465, DOI 10.1016/0028-3932(94)90091-4 Hollis J, 2001, J EXP PSYCHOL LEARN, V27, P99, DOI 10.1037//0278-7393.27.1.99 Kay J, 2001, CORTEX, V37, P501, DOI 10.1016/S0010-9452(08)70590-2 Kay J, 2002, COGN NEUROPSYCHOL, V19, P113, DOI 10.1080/02643290143000114 Kitchener EG, 1999, COGNITIVE NEUROPSYCH, V16, P589 Lyons F, 2002, CORTEX, V38, P23, DOI 10.1016/S0010-9452(08)70636-1 MARSHALL J, 1990, APHASIOLOGY, V4, P167, DOI 10.1080/02687039008249068 MCKENNA P, 1978, J NEUROL NEUROSUR PS, V41, P571, DOI 10.1136/jnnp.41.6.571 MCNEIL JE, 1994, NEUROPSYCHOLOGIA, V32, P193, DOI 10.1016/0028-3932(94)90005-1 Miceli G, 2000, COGN NEUROPSYCHOL, V17, P489, DOI 10.1080/02643290050110629 Milders M, 2000, CORTEX, V36, P139, DOI 10.1016/S0010-9452(08)70842-6 Nickels L, 1996, APHASIOLOGY, V10, P109, DOI 10.1080/02687039608248401 Nickels L, 2002, APHASIOLOGY, V16, P935, DOI 10.1080/02687030244000563 Nickels L, 1996, APHASIOLOGY, V10, P21, DOI 10.1080/02687039608248397 Ohnesorge C, 2001, BRAIN LANG, V77, P135, DOI 10.1006/brln.2000.2365 Parkin AJ, 1998, COGNITIVE NEUROPSYCH, V15, P361 Saetti MC, 1999, CORTEX, V35, P675, DOI 10.1016/S0010-9452(08)70827-X SEMENZA C, 1997, FDN NEUROPSYCHOLOGY, P115 Semenza C, 2000, BRAIN COGNITION, V43, P384 Semenza C, 1993, Memory, V1, P265, DOI 10.1080/09658219308258238 SEMENZA C, 1988, COGNITIVE NEUROPSYCH, V5, P711, DOI 10.1080/02643298808253279 Semenza C, 1996, BRAIN LANG, V55, P45 Tempini MLG, 1998, BRAIN, V121, P2103, DOI 10.1093/brain/121.11.2103 Thompson SA, 2004, NEUROPSYCHOLOGIA, V42, P359, DOI 10.1016/j.neuropsychologia.2003.08.004 Toglia M. P., 1978, HDB SEMANTIC WORD NO Valentine T., 1996, COGNITIVE PSYCHOL PR VANLANCKER D, 1991, CLIN APHASIOLOGY, V20, P181 VANLANCKER D, 1990, BRAIN LANG, V39, P511, DOI 10.1016/0093-934X(90)90159-E VANLANCKER D, 1992, APHASIOLOGY, V6, P37, DOI 10.1080/02687039208248576 Van Lancker D, 2002, BRAIN LANG, V80, P121, DOI 10.1006/brln.2001.2564 WALLACE GL, 1985, J SPEECH HEAR DISORD, V50, P385 WAPNER W, 1979, J SPEECH HEAR RES, V22, P765 Yasuda K, 1998, BRAIN LANG, V61, P274, DOI 10.1006/brln.1997.1856 Yasuda K, 2000, APHASIOLOGY, V14, P1067, DOI 10.1080/02687030050174638 NR 52 TC 9 Z9 9 PU PSYCHOLOGY PRESS PI HOVE PA 27 CHURCH RD, HOVE BN3 2FA, EAST SUSSEX, ENGLAND SN 0268-7038 J9 APHASIOLOGY JI Aphasiology PD OCT PY 2004 VL 18 IS 10 BP 917 EP 935 DI 10.1080/02687030444000462 PG 19 WC Clinical Neurology SC Neurosciences & Neurology GA 851KJ UT WOS:000223683700003 ER PT J AU Sorin-Peters, R AF Sorin-Peters, R TI The evaluation of a learner-centred training programme for spouses of adults with chronic aphasia using qualitative case study methodology SO APHASIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID SENIOR PRECEPTORSHIP; STROKE PATIENTS; FAMILY-THERAPY; PARTNERS; STYLES; COMMUNICATION; CONVERSATION; COMPETENCES; ADJUSTMENT; STUDENTS AB Background: Family education, training, and counselling programmes have been cited as one way to complement traditional interventions for the individual with aphasia. However, the literature still represents the speech-language pathologist as the expert in a directive role. Aims: This article describes the second phase of a research study aimed at addressing the psychosocial sequelae of aphasia by developing and studying the effects of a learner-centred training programme for spouses of adults with chronic aphasia designed to improve conversational interaction between couples. The first phase of this research included the development of a communication-training programme that integrated principles and strategies from speech-language pathology and adult education (Sorin-Peters, 2002). The second phase described in this paper included the delivery and evaluation of the programme using a qualitative case study methodology. The use of the qualitative case study methodology to study the psychosocial consequences of aphasia is described in a companion paper (Sorin-Peters, 2004). This paper presents the results of one qualitative case study in detail to demonstrate how the qualitative case study methodology was implemented, and a summary of the cross-case analysis for the five couples, examining the effectiveness of the programme. Methods & Procedures: Using videotaped data, the Couple Questionnaire, and a semi-structured interview, this study examined changes in attitudes and communication behaviours in five couples immediately after conversation partner training and at 2 months follow-up. All data were transcribed and analysed for patterns of change. Outcomes & Results: Communication outcomes included changes in conversational interaction as well as in the transaction of information in conversation for all five couples. These included positive changes in the management of conversational repair. There was more balanced control after training and the cognitive competence of the partners with aphasia was revealed following the training. In addition, different conversational genres emerged throughout the programme that could be organised hierarchically. Results indicated ways in which the adult learning principles were actualised across the five cases. Themes emerged related to the expression of emotion about aphasia, including feelings of anger, sadness, and grief, and increased acceptance of the aphasia after the training. Themes related to marital issues emerged and were intertwined with emotions and communication. Conclusions: The adult learning model approach promoted positive and comprehensive changes, and perhaps more than those achieved via existing medical-model or psychosocial approaches. The adult learning approach to individuals with chronic aphasia extends the existing psychosocial model by acknowledging both the spouse's and person with aphasia's competence as adult learners, by viewing the person with aphasia not only as part of a social unit, including the family, but also as part of a broader system, including multiple environmental and cultural factors that interact interdependently to effect change, and by focusing on the importance of communication for the expression of emotions and the maintenance and development of marital relations. The results suggest the benefits of the expansion of the speech-language pathologist's role with couples with aphasia to include an adult learning approach to improving conversational interaction between people with aphasia and their spouses. C1 Toronto Rehabil Inst, Rumsey Ctr, Toronto, ON M4G 1R7, Canada. RP Sorin-Peters, R (reprint author), Toronto Rehabil Inst, Rumsey Ctr, 345 Rumsey Rd, Toronto, ON M4G 1R7, Canada. EM sorin-peters.riva@torontorehab.on.ca CR ALARCON N, 1997, NONTR APPR APH C YOU Barer- Stein T., 2001, CRAFT TEACHING ADULT BOYD EM, 1983, J HUMANIST PSYCHOL, V23, P103 Brookfield S., 1990, SKILLFUL TEACHER Bryan K, 1998, APHASIOLOGY, V12, P179, DOI 10.1080/02687039808250474 CAVANAGH SJ, 1995, NURS EDUC TODAY, V15, P177, DOI 10.1016/S0260-6917(95)80103-0 CHRISTENSEN JM, 1989, J COMMUN DISORD, V22, P225, DOI 10.1016/0021-9924(89)90018-X Csokasy J A, 1997, AORN J, V65, P787, DOI 10.1016/S0001-2092(06)63000-7 Csokasy J A, 1997, AORN J, V65, P396, DOI 10.1016/S0001-2092(06)63343-7 DANIEL JA, 2000, DISS ABSTR INT A, V60, P3900 Davies S M, 1995, Fam Med, V27, P444 DAVIS NHL, 1999, DISS ABSTR INT A, V59, P4410 Engleberg NC, 2001, TEACH LEARN MED, V13, P253, DOI 10.1207/S15328015TLM1304_07 Feagin J., 1991, CASE CASE STUDY Ferguson A, 1999, APHASIOLOGY, V13, P125, DOI 10.1080/026870399402244 FISHERBRILLINGE.M, 1990, J HUM LACT, V6, P171 FOX LE, 1996, ISAAC, V12, P257 Gainotti G, 1997, APHASIOLOGY, V11, P635, DOI 10.1080/02687039708249412 GRIFFIN VR, 1994, CRAFT TEACHING ADULT Hoen B, 1997, APHASIOLOGY, V11, P681, DOI 10.1080/02687039708249415 HOLLAND A, 2000, MCGEACHY MEM LECT Hunt D., 1987, BEGINNING OURSELVES Hunt D. E., 1974, PSYCHOL ED Johannsen-Horbach Helga, 1999, Seminars in Speech and Language, V20, P73, DOI 10.1055/s-2008-1064010 Kagan Aura, 2004, Top Stroke Rehabil, V11, P67 KAGAN A, 1999, THESIS U TORONTO CAN Kagan A, 1998, APHASIOLOGY, V12, P816, DOI 10.1080/02687039808249575 Knowles M., 1973, ADULT LEARNER NEGLEC Kolb DA, 1984, EXPERIENTIAL LEARNIN Kreber C., 2001, TEACH HIGH EDUC, V6, P217, DOI 10.1080/13562510120045203 LEDORZE G, 1995, APHASIOLOGY, V9, P239 Linebaugh C. W., 1978, CLIN APHASIOLOGY C P, P304 Lyon J, 1992, AM J SPEECH-LANG PAT, V1, P7 Lyon J. G, 1998, COPING APHASIA LYON JG, 1996, ADULT APHASIA REHABI LYON JG, 1992, AM J SPEECH-LANG PAT, V3, P7 Lyon JG, 1997, APHASIOLOGY, V11, P693, DOI 10.1080/02687039708249416 Merriam S., 1989, CASE STUDY RES ED QU Mezirow J, 1991, TRANSFORMATIVE DIMEN MURRELL P, 1987, COUNS EDUC SUPERV, V27, P4 Nichols F, 1996, APHASIOLOGY, V10, P767, DOI 10.1080/02687039608248449 OLSWANG L, 1998, UNPUB COUPLE QUESTIO Parr S., 1997, TALKING APHASIA RICCI DM, 2000, DISS ABSTR INT A, V61, P459 RIDLEY MJ, 1995, J ADV NURS, V22, P58, DOI 10.1046/j.1365-2648.1995.22010058.x ROSS S, 1988, INT J REHABIL RES, V11, P383, DOI 10.1097/00004356-198812000-00008 SARNO MT, 1993, APHASIOLOGY, V7, P321, DOI 10.1080/02687039308249514 Servaes P, 1999, APHASIOLOGY, V13, P889 SIMMONS N, 1989, CLIN APHASIOLOGY C P Simmons-Mackie N, 1998, APHASIOLOGY, V12, P231, DOI 10.1080/02687039808249451 SORINPETERS R, 2002, THESIS U TORONTO CAN Sorin-Peters R, 2004, APHASIOLOGY, V18, P937, DOI 10.1080/02687030444000444 Stake R.E., 1995, ART CASE STUDY RES STUTSKY BJ, 1995, J ADV NURS, V21, P143, DOI 10.1046/j.1365-2648.1995.21010143.x WAHRBORG P, 1989, APHASIOLOGY, V3, P93, DOI 10.1080/02687038908248978 Wilkinson IAG, 1998, READ RES QUART, V33, P144, DOI 10.1598/RRQ.33.2.1 WILLIAMS SE, 1993, ARCH PHYS MED REHAB, V74, P361 YIN R, 1995, APPL CASE STUDY RES Zorga Sonja, 2002, J Interprof Care, V16, P265, DOI 10.1080/13561820220146694 ZRAICK RI, 1991, J SPEECH HEAR RES, V34, P123 NR 60 TC 20 Z9 20 PU PSYCHOLOGY PRESS PI HOVE PA 27 CHURCH RD, HOVE BN3 2FA, EAST SUSSEX, ENGLAND SN 0268-7038 J9 APHASIOLOGY JI Aphasiology PD OCT PY 2004 VL 18 IS 10 BP 951 EP 975 DI 10.1080/02687030444000453 PG 25 WC Clinical Neurology SC Neurosciences & Neurology GA 851KJ UT WOS:000223683700005 ER PT J AU Cook, M Murdoch, B Cahill, L Whelan, BM AF Cook, M Murdoch, B Cahill, L Whelan, BM TI Higher-level language deficits resulting from left primary cerebellar lesions SO APHASIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID SUBCORTICAL LESIONS; DISTURBANCES; DIASCHISIS; DOMINANT; APHASIA; DISEASE AB Background: Contemporary neuropsychological studies suggest that cerebellar lesions may impact upon higher-level cognitive functioning via mechanisms of crossed cerebello-cerebral diaschisis. Accordingly, right cerebellar lesions have been previously associated with linguistic impairments such as reduced word fluency and agrammatic output. Recently, however, neuroimaging investigations have also identified ipsilateral cerebral hypoperfusion as a consequence of cerebellar lesions, implicating a potential role for the left cerebellum in the mediation of language processes. Aims: The purpose of this research was to investigate the effects of left cerebellar lesions of vascular origin, on general as well as high-level language skills. Methods & Procedures: Linguistic profiles were compiled for five individuals with left primary cerebellar lesions utilising a comprehensive language test battery. Individual scores relevant to each subtest were compared to a group of non-neurologically impaired controls. The criterion for anomalous performance was established as greater than or equal to 1.5 SD below the mean of the control group. Outcomes & Results: The findings of this research suggest that higher-level language deficits may result from left primary cerebellar lesions. All participants demonstrated deficits on measures of word fluency, sentence construction within a set context, producing word definitions, and producing multiple definitions for the same word. Deficits were also noted for several participants on measures of understanding figurative language, forming word associations, identifying and correcting semantic absurdities, and producing synonyms and antonyms. Conclusions: The results presented challenge the notion of a lateralised linguistic cerebellum, supporting a potential role for the left as well as right cerebellar hemispheres in the regulation of language processes, presumably via cerebellar-basal ganglia/thalamo-cortical pathways. C1 Univ Queensland, Div Speech Pathol, Brisbane, Qld 4072, Australia. Princess Alexandra Hosp, Brisbane, Qld 4102, Australia. RP Whelan, BM (reprint author), Univ Queensland, Div Speech Pathol, Brisbane, Qld 4072, Australia. EM bmw@uq.edu.au RI Murdoch, Bruce/C-1397-2012 CR BARON JC, 1980, T AM NEUROL ASSOC, V8, P120 Beldarrain MG, 1997, EUR NEUROL, V37, P82 BOTEZ MI, 1991, EUR NEUROL, V31, P401 BROICH K, 1987, NEUROSCI LETT, V83, P7, DOI 10.1016/0304-3940(87)90207-2 Chafetz MD, 1996, ARCH PHYS MED REHAB, V77, P1303, DOI 10.1016/S0003-9993(96)90197-5 Chenery HJ, 2002, INT J LANG COMM DIS, V37, P459, DOI 10.1080/1368282021000007730 Copland DA, 2000, J MED SPEECH-LANG PA, V8, P1 DERENZI E, 1962, BRAIN, V85, P665, DOI 10.1093/brain/85.4.665 Fabbro F, 2000, J NEUROLINGUIST, V13, P173, DOI 10.1016/S0911-6044(00)00010-5 Fabbro F, 2000, J NEUROLINGUIST, V13, P83, DOI 10.1016/S0911-6044(00)00005-1 Goodglass H, 1983, ASSESSMENT APHASIA R, V2nd Huber W., 1983, AACHENER APHASIE TES HUBRICHUNGUREAN.P, 2002, NEUROSCI LETT, V31, P91 Huisingh R., 1990, WORD TEST REVISED TE Kaplan E, 1983, BOSTON NAMING TEST Laakso K, 2000, CLIN LINGUIST PHONET, V14, P329, DOI 10.1080/02699200050051065 Leggio MG, 2000, J NEUROL NEUROSUR PS, V69, P102, DOI 10.1136/jnnp.69.1.102 LETHLEAN JB, 1993, J MED SPEECH-LANG PA, V1, P45 Lewis FM, 1998, APHASIOLOGY, V12, P193, DOI 10.1080/02687039808249446 Marien P, 2000, J NEUROLINGUIST, V13, P145, DOI 10.1016/S0911-6044(00)00009-9 Marien P, 2001, BRAIN LANG, V79, P580, DOI 10.1006/brln.2001.2569 Marien P, 1996, J NEUROL SCI, V144, P34, DOI 10.1016/S0022-510X(96)00059-7 Mattis S., 1988, DEMENTIA RATING SCAL Middleton FA, 2000, BRAIN RES REV, V31, P236, DOI 10.1016/S0165-0173(99)00040-5 Neau JP, 2000, ACTA NEUROL SCAND, V102, P363, DOI 10.1034/j.1600-0404.2000.102006363.x Pujol J, 1996, ACTA NEUROL SCAND, V93, P403 SILVERI MC, 1994, NEUROLOGY, V44, P2047 Spreen O., 1969, NEUROSENSORY CTR COM Vokaer M, 2002, NEUROLOGY, V58, P967 Whelan BM, 2002, APHASIOLOGY, V16, P1213, DOI 10.1080/02687030244000446 Wiig E. H., 1992, TEST WORD KNOWLEDGE Wiig EH, 1989, TEST LANGUAGE COMPET Zettin M, 1997, NEUROCASE, V3, P375, DOI 10.1080/13554799708411976 NR 33 TC 20 Z9 20 PU PSYCHOLOGY PRESS PI HOVE PA 27 CHURCH RD, HOVE BN3 2FA, EAST SUSSEX, ENGLAND SN 0268-7038 J9 APHASIOLOGY JI Aphasiology PD SEP PY 2004 VL 18 IS 9 BP 771 EP 784 DI 10.1080/02687030444000291 PG 14 WC Clinical Neurology SC Neurosciences & Neurology GA 845WK UT WOS:000223275800001 ER PT J AU Murray, L Ballard, K Karcher, L AF Murray, L Ballard, K Karcher, L TI Linguistic specific treatment: Just for Broca's aphasia? SO APHASIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID AGRAMMATIC APHASIA; SENTENCE PRODUCTION; SYNTACTIC COMPLEXITY; MOVEMENT STRUCTURES; SPONTANEOUS SPEECH; NONFLUENT APHASIA; FLUENT APHASIA; VERB RETRIEVAL; WORKING-MEMORY; WH-MOVEMENT AB Background : Several studies have documented the efficacy of Linguistic Specific Treatment (LST) for addressing sentence production deficits associated with agrammatism (e.g., Ballard Thompson, 1999; Thompson, Shapiro, Kiran, & Sobecks, 2003). LST is based on the proposition that training production of complex, noncanonical sentence structures should produce generalisation to syntactically related, and less complex, sentence structures. Because empirical support for LST has been established via research that has exclusively involved patients with agrammatic production with or without asyntactic comprehension, it is not yet known whether this treatment is suitable for patients with other clinical aphasia types. Aims : Four adults who represented a variety of clinical aphasia types were provided with LST to determine whether (a) these patients would show acquisition of trained sentences with generalisation to untrained but syntactically related sentence forms; (b) LST would enhance written sentence production if only spoken production was directly treated and writing was indirectly stimulated through a home work programme; (c) treatment of spoken sentence production would assist comprehension of trained and untrained sentence forms; and (d) LST would facilitate spoken narrative skills in terms of informativeness, syntactic accuracy or complexity, or both. Methods & Procedures : Single subject, multiple baseline design across behaviours methodology was used to examine acquisition and generalisation of trained (object- and subject-extracted embedded questions) and untrained sentence structures (object- and subject-extracted matrix questions, passives) in four participants representing a spectrum of nonfluent and fluent aphasia types. They received individual, weekly 60-90 minute sessions of LST, and were asked to complete written sentence production homework practice. Outcomes & Results : Variable response patterns were observed across the participants in terms of changes in their spoken production or comprehension of trained and untrained sentence forms, written production of trained forms, and narrative discourse. Generally, LST was less helpful to participants with poorer comprehension and concomitant cognitive deficits. Conclusions : LST may provide some benefit not only to patients with nonfluent or agrammatic aphasia, but also to some patients with fluent aphasia profiles. Further investigation of LST is needed to delineate further the clinical populations for whom this treatment approach is most appropriate, and to evaluate LST procedural modifications that might foster production and comprehension generalisation effects. C1 Indiana Univ, Dept Speech & Hearing Sci, Bloomington, IN 47405 USA. Univ Iowa, Iowa City, IA USA. RP Murray, L (reprint author), Indiana Univ, Dept Speech & Hearing Sci, 200 S Jordan Ave, Bloomington, IN 47405 USA. EM lmurray@indiana.edu RI Ballard, Kirrie/F-9558-2011 CR BALLARD KJ, UNPUB TEMPORAL COORD BALLARD KJ, 1997, THESIS NW U EVANSTON Ballard KJ, 1999, J SPEECH LANG HEAR R, V42, P690 Bartha L, 2003, BRAIN LANG, V85, P93, DOI 10.1016/S0093-934X(02)00502-3 Bastiaanse R, 2001, BRAIN LANG, V79, P72 Bastiaanse R, 1996, APHASIOLOGY, V10, P561, DOI 10.1080/02687039608248437 Bates E, 1997, LANG COGNITIVE PROC, V12, P507 Berndt R. S., 1998, APPROACHES TREATMENT, P91 Berndt RS, 1997, BRAIN LANG, V56, P107 BERNDT RS, 1998, ACQUIRED APHASIA, P229, DOI 10.1016/B978-012619322-0/50010-5 BERNDT RS, 1998, SENTENCE PRODUCTION Bird H, 1996, J NEUROLINGUIST, V9, P187, DOI 10.1016/0911-6044(96)00006-1 BYNG S, 1994, APHASIOLOGY, V8, P315, DOI 10.1080/02687039408248663 Caplan D, 1998, BRAIN LANG, V63, P184, DOI 10.1006/brln.1998.1930 Dick F, 2001, PSYCHOL REV, V108, P759, DOI 10.1037//0033-295X.108.4.759 DOYLE PJ, 1987, J SPEECH HEAR DISORD, V52, P143 EDWARDS S, 1995, EUR J DISORDER COMM, V30, P333 EDWARDS S, 1994, BRAIN LANG, V47, P414 Fleiss JL, 1973, STAT METHODS RATES P Francis DR, 2003, APHASIOLOGY, V17, P723, DOI 10.1080/02687030344000201 Gibson E, 1998, COGNITION, V68, P1, DOI 10.1016/S0010-0277(98)00034-1 GOLDENBERG G, 1994, APHASIOLOGY, V8, P443, DOI 10.1080/02687039408248669 GOODGLASS H, 1993, CORTEX, V29, P377 Grodzinsky Y, 1996, BRAIN LANG, V55, P50 Grodzinsky Y, 2000, BEHAV BRAIN SCI, V23, P1, DOI 10.1017/S0140525X00002399 HAARMANN HJ, 1992, CORTEX, V28, P97 HANLON RE, 1990, BRAIN LANG, V38, P298, DOI 10.1016/0093-934X(90)90116-X HELMESTABROOKS N, 1981, J SPEECH HEAR DISORD, V46, P422 HELMESTABROOKS N, 1992, APHASIA DIAGNOSTIC P JACOBS BJ, 1996, ANN CONV AM SPEECH L Jacobs BJ, 2001, BRAIN LANG, V78, P115, DOI 10.1006/brln.2001.2452 Jacobs BJ, 2000, J SPEECH LANG HEAR R, V43, P5 Edwards S, 1998, APHASIOLOGY, V12, P99, DOI 10.1080/02687039808250466 KOHN SE, 1989, CORTEX, V25, P57 Linebarger MC, 2001, NEUROPSYCHOL REHABIL, V11, P57 MacWhinney B., 1995, CHILDES PROJECT TOOL Mitchum C. C., 1994, COGNITIVE NEUROPSYCH MIYAKE A, 1994, COGNITIVE NEUROPSYCH, V11, P671, DOI 10.1080/02643299408251989 Murray LL, 2001, J COMMUN DISORD, V34, P87, DOI 10.1016/S0021-9924(00)00043-5 Murray LL, 2000, APHASIOLOGY, V14, P585 NICHOLAS LE, 1993, J SPEECH HEAR RES, V36, P338 Raymer AM, 2002, APHASIOLOGY, V16, P493, DOI 10.1080/02687030244000239 ReichmanNovak S, 1997, BRAIN LANG, V60, P102 RICHARDS SB, 1999, SINGLE SUBJECT RES A Rose M, 2002, APHASIOLOGY, V16, P1001, DOI 10.1080/02687030143000825 SAFFRAN EM, 1989, BRAIN LANG, V37, P440, DOI 10.1016/0093-934X(89)90030-8 SCHWARTZ MF, 1994, APHASIOLOGY, V8, P19, DOI 10.1080/02687039408248639 Shapiro LP, 1997, J SPEECH LANG HEAR R, V40, P254 SINOTTE MP, 2003, ANN INT NEUR SOC C W Thompson CK, 1998, J INT NEUROPSYCH SOC, V4, P661 Thompson C. K., 1995, BRAIN LANG, V51, P124 Thompson CK, 1996, BRAIN LANG, V52, P175, DOI 10.1006/brln.1996.0009 Thompson CK, 1997, J SPEECH LANG HEAR R, V40, P228 Thompson CK, 2003, J SPEECH LANG HEAR R, V46, P591, DOI 10.1044/1092-4388(2003/047) Thompson CK, 2001, LANGUAGE INTERVENTIO, p[605, 612] THOMPSON CK, 1998, APPROACHES TREATMENT, P113 TOMPKINS CA, 1994, J SPEECH HEAR RES, V37, P896 WAMBAUGH JL, 1989, J SPEECH HEAR DISORD, V54, P509 NR 58 TC 13 Z9 13 PU PSYCHOLOGY PRESS PI HOVE PA 27 CHURCH RD, HOVE BN3 2FA, EAST SUSSEX, ENGLAND SN 0268-7038 J9 APHASIOLOGY JI Aphasiology PD SEP PY 2004 VL 18 IS 9 BP 785 EP 809 DI 10.1080/02687030444000273 PG 25 WC Clinical Neurology SC Neurosciences & Neurology GA 845WK UT WOS:000223275800002 ER PT J AU Marshall, RC Karow, CM Morelli, CA Iden, KK Dixon, J Cranfill, TB AF Marshall, RC Karow, CM Morelli, CA Iden, KK Dixon, J Cranfill, TB TI Effects of interactive strategy modelling training on problem-solving by persons with traumatic brain injury SO APHASIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID FRONTAL-LOBE DAMAGE; QUESTIONING STRATEGIES; CHILDREN; DEFICITS; PERFORMANCE; LESIONS; ADULT AB Background : Problem-solving skills may be affected by traumatic brain injury (TBI). Because the ability to solve problems is integral to the social, educational, and vocational reintegration of persons who have sustained a TBI, interventions to improve this executive function have become an important part of rehabilitation. Aims : This Phase I study examined the effects of a behavioural intervention, interactive strategy modelling training (ISMT), on problem solving by individuals who had incurred a TBI. Methods & Procedures : Study participants were 20 individuals recruited from TBI support groups. All lived at home and were several months post-injury. Participants received a period of ISMT intended to train them to use meta-cognitive strategies to solve 20-questions problems. RAPS (Rapid Assessment of Problem Solving), a clinical test of problem solving was used to assess the effects of ISMT (Marshall, Karow, Morelli, Iden, & Dixon, 2003a). RAPS was administered before (Pre-training), after (Post-training), and 1-month after training (Follow-up). Outcomes & Results : Participants improved in problem solving significantly on RAPS from the Pre- to the Post-training tests. Specifically, they (a) solved problems with fewer questions, (b) asked more constraint-seeking questions, and (c) increased their question-asking efficiency scores. These improvements were maintained on the Follow-up test. Conclusions : Improved problem solving on RAPS was associated with better planning and strategy use, less impulsivity, and strategy shifting. Results suggest that IMST had a therapeutic effect and indicate a need to develop further hypotheses for testing ISMT in functional contexts. C1 Univ Kentucky, Dept Rehabil Sci, Lexington, KY 40536 USA. Univ Kentucky, Div Commun Disorders, Lexington, KY 40536 USA. Univ Rhode Isl, Kingston, RI 02881 USA. Univ Florida, Gainesville, FL USA. Vet Adm Med Ctr, Providence, RI 02908 USA. Massachusetts Hosp Sick Children, Boston, MA USA. RP Marshall, RC (reprint author), Univ Kentucky, Dept Rehabil Sci, Room 124-F,900 S Limestone, Lexington, KY 40536 USA. CR ADAMOVICH B, 1985, CCOGNITIVE REHABILIT AITKEN S, 1993, ARCH CLIN NEUROPSYCH, V8, P212 Allen G. J., 1976, COMMUNITY PSYCHOL SC BARONA A, 1984, J CONSULT CLIN PSYCH, V52, P885, DOI 10.1037/0022-006X.52.5.885 BARTON JA, 1988, J EDUC PSYCHOL, V80, P184, DOI 10.1037/0022-0663.80.2.184 Bond M. R., 1983, REHABILITATION HEAD, P367 BOYD TM, 1993, APPL COGNITIVE PSYCH, V7, P171, DOI 10.1002/acp.2350070208 Channon S, 1999, NEUROPSYCHOLOGIA, V37, P757, DOI 10.1016/S0028-3932(98)00138-9 Cicerone KD, 1992, NEUROREHABILITATION, V2, P12 CICERONE KD, 1987, ARCH PHYS MED REHAB, V68, P111 DENNEY DR, 1975, J EXP CHILD PSYCHOL, V19, P476, DOI 10.1016/0022-0965(75)90077-6 DENNEY DR, 1973, DEV PSYCHOL, V8, P202, DOI 10.1037/h0034144 DENNEY DR, 1972, CHILD DEV, V43, P820 DENNEY NW, 1974, CHILD DEV, V45, P1108 DENNEY NW, 1974, DEV PSYCHOL, V10, P458, DOI 10.1037/h0036444 DENNEY NW, 1985, INT J AGING HUM DEV, V21, P161, DOI 10.2190/A3J2-75L4-01C3-W81W Dimitrov M, 1996, CORTEX, V32, P357 Gillis R.J., 1996, TRAUMATIC BRAIN INJU GLOSSER G, 1990, J CLIN EXP NEUROPSYC, V12, P485, DOI 10.1080/01688639008400995 GOLDSTEIN FL, 1991, BRAIN COGNITION, V7, P23 GRATTAN LM, 1994, NEUROPSY NEUROPSY BE, V7, P251 Kaplan E, 1983, BOSTON NAMING TEST KING A, 1991, J EDUC PSYCHOL, V83, P307, DOI 10.1037//0022-0663.83.3.307 Levin H S, 1997, J Int Neuropsychol Soc, V3, P598 LEVIN HS, 1993, ARCH NEUROL-CHICAGO, V50, P897 LEZAK MD, 1995, NEUROPSYCHOLOGICAL A Luria A. R., 1973, WORKING BRAIN INTRO Mai N, 1991, NEUROPSYCHOL REHABIL, V1, P45, DOI DOI 10.1080/09602019108401379 Marshall RC, 2003, BRAIN INJURY, V17, P589, DOI 10.1080/0269905031000088496 MARSHALL RC, 2003, AM J SPEECH-LANG PAT, V12, P3 MERTZGARCIA J, 1986, J COMMUN DISORD, V19, P395 Mosher F. A., 1966, STUDIES COGNITIVE GR, P86 MURRAY L, 2001, LANGUAGE INTERVENTIO, P85 NEZU CM, 1991, RES DEV DISABIL, V12, P371, DOI 10.1016/0891-4222(91)90033-O ODDY M, 1984, CLOSED HEAD INJURY P, P285 OREILLY MF, 2000, J VOCATIONAL REHABIL, V14, P187 PURDY M, 2000, APHASIOLOGY, V16, P549 Raven J. C., 1984, COLOURED PROGR MATRI Rende Barbara, 2000, Seminars in Speech and Language, V21, P121, DOI 10.1055/s-2000-7560 SAARNIO P, 1993, ALCOHOL ALCOHOLISM, V28, P585 SELINGER M, 1993, APHASIOLOGY, V7, P165, DOI 10.1080/02687039308249504 SHALLICE T, 1991, BRAIN, V114, P727, DOI 10.1093/brain/114.2.727 SOHBERG MM, 1989, INTRO COGNITIVE REHA Sohlberg M, 1993, J HEAD TRAUMA REHAB, V8, P45, DOI 10.1097/00001199-199303000-00006 TWOMBLY CA, 1998, AM J OCCUPATIONAL TH, V52, P810 VILKKI J, 1988, CORTEX, V24, P119 Wilson B.A., 1996, BEHAV ASSESSMENT DYS YLVISAKER M, 1989, TOP LANG DISORD, V9, P34 Ylvisaker M., 1998, COLLABORATIVE BRAIN YLVISAKER M, 1987, COMMUNITY REENTRY HE BURKE W H, 1991, Brain Injury, V5, P241, DOI 10.3109/02699059109008095 NR 51 TC 7 Z9 7 PU PSYCHOLOGY PRESS PI HOVE PA 27 CHURCH RD, HOVE BN3 2FA, EAST SUSSEX, ENGLAND SN 0268-7038 J9 APHASIOLOGY JI Aphasiology PD AUG PY 2004 VL 18 IS 8 BP 659 EP 673 DI 10.1080/02687030444000237 PG 15 WC Clinical Neurology SC Neurosciences & Neurology GA 835ZK UT WOS:000222524300001 ER PT J AU Mitchum, CC Haendiges, AN Berndt, RS AF Mitchum, CC Haendiges, AN Berndt, RS TI Response strategies in aphasic sentence comprehension: An analysis of two cases SO APHASIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID LANGUAGE COMPREHENSION; REPRESENTATIONS; DISSOCIATION; AGRAMMATISM; ASSIGNMENT AB Background : A consistent pattern of responding in a test of sentence comprehension has been interpreted both as a direct reflection of the aphasic patient's ability to understand specific sentence types, and as an indirect indication of the operation of systematic response strategies. Less attention has been directed at the questions of how residual comprehension abilities and response strategies might jointly influence response patterns, and of the potential modifiability of such strategies through intervention. Aims : This study illustrates how patients' response patterns reflect a complex interaction between residual syntactic knowledge and different response strategies. These strategies may change in response to simple task manipulations and in response to therapeutic feedback. Methods & Procedures : We report sentence comprehension data from two aphasic patients who produced dissimilar comprehension patterns for semantically reversible sentences tested in three experiments: sentence-picture verification (yes/no), sentence-picture matching (forced choice), and in response to systematic feedback (intervention). Outcomes & Results : Both patients' performance was shown to reflect response strategies with distinct potential for modification by changes in task demands and by therapeutic intervention. The strategies adopted appeared to reflect differences in retained knowledge about structural cues to sentence meaning; paradoxically, the more superficial strategy--reflecting no initial appreciation of sentence structure--was the more amenable to modification. Conclusions : Results highlight the importance of assessing comprehension with a number of different tasks, and of recognising patients' tendencies to rely on response strategies, when interpreting aphasic sentence comprehension. The clinical utility of identifying such response biases and comprehension strategies as a basis for intervention is discussed. C1 Univ Maryland, Sch Med, Dept Neurol, Baltimore, MD 21201 USA. RP Mitchum, CC (reprint author), Univ Maryland, Sch Med, Dept Neurol, 22 S Greene St, Baltimore, MD 21201 USA. EM cmitchum@umaryland.edu CR Berndt R. S., 1998, APPROACHES TREATMENT, P91 Berndt RS, 1997, CLIN NEUROSCI, V4, P57 Berndt RS, 1997, CORTEX, V33, P99 Berndt RS, 2004, COGN NEUROPSYCHOL, V21, P229, DOI 10.1080/02643290342000456 Bever T., 1970, COGNITION DEV LANGUA, P279 Black M., 1991, J NEUROLINGUIST, V6, P79, DOI 10.1016/0911-6044(91)90002-Z CAPLAN D, 1986, BRAIN LANG, V27, P117, DOI 10.1016/0093-934X(86)90008-8 Caplan D., 1992, LANGUAGE STRUCTURE P CARAMAZZA A, 1976, BRAIN LANG, V3, P572, DOI 10.1016/0093-934X(76)90048-1 CARLSON G, 1988, THEMATIC RELATIONS S, V21 CHATTERJEE A, 1995, BRAIN LANG, V49, P125, DOI 10.1006/brln.1995.1024 Chatterjee A, 1999, NEUROPSYCHOLOGIA, V37, P395, DOI 10.1016/S0028-3932(98)00108-0 COHEN J, 1993, BEHAV RES METH INSTR, V25, P257, DOI 10.3758/BF03204507 Ferreira F, 2002, CURR DIR PSYCHOL SCI, V11, P11, DOI 10.1111/1467-8721.00158 GREEN DM, 1966, SIGNAL DETECTION THE Haendiges AN, 1996, BRAIN LANG, V52, P276, DOI 10.1006/brln.1996.0011 Inglis AL, 2003, APHASIOLOGY, V17, P265, DOI 10.1080/02687030244000662 Kay J., 1992, PSYCHOLINGUISTIC ASS LINEBARGER MC, 1995, BRAIN LANG, V50, P52, DOI 10.1006/brln.1995.1040 LINEBARGER MC, 1983, COGNITION, V13, P361, DOI 10.1016/0010-0277(83)90015-X LINEBARGER MC, 1998, LINGUISTIC LEVELS AP MITCHUM CC, 1995, COGNITIVE NEUROPSYCH, V12, P503, DOI 10.1080/02643299508252006 Mitchum CC, 2000, NEUROPSYCHOL REHABIL, V10, P311 Rochon E, 2000, BRAIN LANG, V72, P193, DOI 10.1006/brln.1999.2285 SAFFRAN EM, 1998, BRAIN LANG, V2, P255 SAFFRAN EM, 1988, PHILADELPHIA COMPREH SAFFRAN EM, 1988, APHASIOLOGY, V2, P389, DOI 10.1080/02687038808248943 Schwartz M. F., 1987, LANG COGNITIVE PROC, V2, P85, DOI 10.1080/01690968708406352 SCHWARTZ MF, 1980, BRAIN LANG, V10, P249, DOI 10.1016/0093-934X(80)90055-3 SLOBIN DI, 1966, J VERB LEARN VERB BE, V5, P219, DOI 10.1016/S0022-5371(66)80023-3 NR 30 TC 7 Z9 7 PU PSYCHOLOGY PRESS PI HOVE PA 27 CHURCH RD, HOVE BN3 2FA, EAST SUSSEX, ENGLAND SN 0268-7038 J9 APHASIOLOGY JI Aphasiology PD AUG PY 2004 VL 18 IS 8 BP 675 EP 692 DI 10.1080/02687030444000255 PG 18 WC Clinical Neurology SC Neurosciences & Neurology GA 835ZK UT WOS:000222524300002 ER PT J AU Hays, SJ Niven, BE Godfrey, HPD Linscott, RJ AF Hays, SJ Niven, BE Godfrey, HPD Linscott, RJ TI Clinical assessment of pragmatic language impairment: A generalisability study of older people with Alzheimer's disease SO APHASIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID FUNCTIONAL COMMUNICATION; PSYCHOMETRIC EVALUATION; DISCOURSE ANALYSIS; SENILE DEMENTIA; ADULT APHASIA; PERFORMANCE; DEFICITS; PROFILE; SPEECH; MIND AB Background : The Profile of Pragmatic Impairment in Communication (PPIC) is a clinical rating scale designed for the assessment of multiple facets of pragmatic language impairment in neuropsychiatric disorders. The PPIC has its origin in Grice's analysis of implicature and the Gricean principle of co-operation and conversational maxims. Aims : We sought to evaluate the psychometric properties of the PPIC and to generate a profile of pragmatic language impairment associated with Alzheimer's disease (AD). Methods & Procedures : Speech samples were solicited from patients with AD ( n = 13) and age-matched healthy volunteers ( n = 13) using several structured/semi-structured tasks. Three trained raters made blind ratings on the PPIC on two occasions. Other raters evaluated mental status, aphasia, and communicative effectiveness. A generalisability analysis was conducted. Outcomes & Results : Good to excellent generalisability coefficients (0.86-0.94) were observed on most PPIC scales. PPIC ratings were strongly related to mental status and communicative effectiveness but not associated with aphasia. Diagnosis of AD made no substantive contribution to the prediction of PPIC ratings independently of mental status impairment. Conclusions : Results demonstrate evidence of good to excellent reliability, convergent validity, and discriminant validity of most PPIC scales. The observed associations are consistent with the view that pragmatic language impairment in AD is primarily a function of cognitive decline. C1 Univ Otago, Dept Psychol, Dunedin, New Zealand. RP Linscott, RJ (reprint author), Univ Otago, Dept Psychol, POB 56, Dunedin, New Zealand. EM linscott@psy.otago.ac.nz RI Linscott, Richard/C-1431-2008 CR ALEXOPOULOS GS, 1988, BIOL PSYCHIAT, V23, P271, DOI 10.1016/0006-3223(88)90038-8 Arkin S, 2001, APHASIOLOGY, V15, P533, DOI 10.1080/02687040143000032 Armstrong E, 2000, APHASIOLOGY, V14, P875, DOI 10.1080/02687030050127685 Avent JR, 1998, J NEUROLINGUIST, V11, P207, DOI 10.1016/S0911-6044(98)00014-1 Avent JR, 1996, APHASIOLOGY, V10, P253, DOI 10.1080/02687039608248411 BALL MJ, 1991, J COMMUN DISORD, V24, P367, DOI 10.1016/0021-9924(91)90009-8 BAYLES KA, 1993, DEV NEUROPSYCHOL, V9, P131 CHENERY HJ, 1994, APHASIOLOGY, V8, P159, DOI 10.1080/02687039408248648 Cohen J., 1988, STAT POWER ANAL BEHA, V2nd Cooren F, 2002, J PRAGMATICS, V34, P1045, DOI 10.1016/S0378-2166(02)00028-0 Cronbach L. J., 1972, DEPENDABILITY BEHAV Emery VOB, 2000, INT J PSYCHIAT MED, V30, P145, DOI 10.2190/X09P-N7AU-UCHA-VW08 ENDLER NS, 1966, PERCEPT MOTOR SKILL, V22, P559 FOLSTEIN MF, 1975, J PSYCHIAT RES, V12, P189, DOI 10.1016/0022-3956(75)90026-6 Garcia LJ, 1997, BRAIN LANG, V58, P92, DOI 10.1006/brln.1997.1871 Giles E, 1996, APHASIOLOGY, V10, P395, DOI 10.1080/02687039608248419 Godfrey HPD, 2000, NEW ZEAL J PSYCHOL, V29, P20 Goodglass H, 1972, ASSESSMENT APHASIA R GREENE JDW, 1996, COGNITIVE NEUROPSYCH, P128 Gregory C, 2002, BRAIN, V125, P752, DOI 10.1093/brain/awf079 Grice H. P., 1975, SYNTAX SEMANTICS, P41, DOI DOI 10.1017/S0022226700005296 Grice H. Paul, 1978, SYNTAX SEMANTICS, V9, P113 Hargrave R, 2002, J NEUROPSYCH CLIN N, V14, P64, DOI 10.1176/appi.neuropsych.14.1.64 HOLM S, 1979, SCAND J STAT, V6, P65 Irwin WH, 2002, APHASIOLOGY, V16, P823, DOI 10.1080/02687030244000086 Keller J, 1998, J PRAGMATICS, V29, P313, DOI 10.1016/S0378-2166(97)00054-4 Langdon R, 2002, PSYCHOL MED, V32, P1273, DOI 10.1017/S0033281702006396 LEZAK MD, 1995, NEUROPSYCHOLOGICAL A Lindblom K, 2001, J PRAGMATICS, V33, P1601, DOI 10.1016/S0378-2166(00)00069-2 Linscott RJ, 1996, BRAIN INJURY, V10, P397, DOI 10.1080/026990596124269 LOMAS J, 1989, J SPEECH HEAR DISORD, V54, P113 MANOCHIOPINIG S, 1992, APHASIOLOGY, V6, P519, DOI 10.1080/02687039208249489 MCDONALD S, 1993, BRAIN LANG, V44, P28, DOI 10.1006/brln.1993.1003 McPherson S, 2002, J INT NEUROPSYCH SOC, V8, P373, DOI 10.1017/S1355617701020185 MORRIS RG, 1996, COGNITIVE NEUROPSYCH, P49 Myers PS, 2001, APHASIOLOGY, V15, P913, DOI 10.1080/02687040143000285 NORMAN DA, 1975, EXPLORATIONS COGNITI, P65 Nunnally J. C., 1994, PSYCHOMETRIC THEORY ODONNELL JP, 1990, J CLIN PSYCHOL, V46, P310, DOI 10.1002/1097-4679(199005)46:3<310::AID-JCLP2270460311>3.0.CO;2-G PATEL PG, 1994, APHASIOLOGY, V8, P1, DOI 10.1080/02687039408248638 Perkins L, 1998, J NEUROLINGUIST, V11, P33, DOI 10.1016/S0911-6044(98)00004-9 PRUTTING CA, 1987, J SPEECH HEAR DISORD, V52, P105 Reitan R., 1993, HALSTEADREITAN NEURO RIPICH DN, 1991, BRAIN LANG, V40, P330, DOI 10.1016/0093-934X(91)90133-L RIPICH DN, 1994, ALZ DIS ASSOC DIS, V8, P95, DOI 10.1097/00002093-199404000-00011 Sadock Jerrold, 1978, SYNTAX SEMANTICS, P281 SHAVELSON RJ, 1989, AM PSYCHOL, V44, P922, DOI 10.1037/0003-066X.44.6.922 Thomas Jenny, 1995, MEANING INTERACTION THOMSEN IV, 1984, J NEUROL NEUROSUR PS, V47, P260, DOI 10.1136/jnnp.47.3.260 Ulatowska Hanna K., 1988, NEUROPSYCHOLOGICAL S, P108 Watson CM, 1999, APHASIOLOGY, V13, P195, DOI 10.1080/026870399402181 NR 51 TC 10 Z9 11 PU PSYCHOLOGY PRESS PI HOVE PA 27 CHURCH RD, HOVE BN3 2FA, EAST SUSSEX, ENGLAND SN 0268-7038 J9 APHASIOLOGY JI Aphasiology PD AUG PY 2004 VL 18 IS 8 BP 693 EP 714 DI 10.1080/02687030444000183 PG 22 WC Clinical Neurology SC Neurosciences & Neurology GA 835ZK UT WOS:000222524300003 ER PT J AU Diesfeldt, HFA AF Diesfeldt, HFA TI Syntactic comprehension of reversible sentences in semantic dementia SO APHASIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID PROGRESSIVE FLUENT APHASIA; EARLY ALZHEIMERS-DISEASE; TEMPORAL-LOBE ATROPHY; FRONTOTEMPORAL DEMENTIA; AGRAMMATISM; PATTERNS; MEMORY; DEFICITS AB Background : A patient with semantic dementia had difficulty comprehending semantically reversible passive sentences in the Test for the Reception of Grammar (TROG). Investigations of patients with semantic dementia have typically focused on the lexical and semantic components of language. Syntactic abilities have received less attention, presumably because these are reported to be preserved until later stages of the disease. Aim : To localise the possible functional sources of deficient comprehension of passives in a Dutch man (EGY) with semantic dementia. Methods & Procedures : Dutch written sentence picture-matching tasks were used to investigate whether EGY assigned the thematic role of agent on the basis of word order, the presence of auxiliary plus inflected verb morphology, the by phrase, the presence of a locative preposition ( against and after ), or the lexical-semantic specifications of the verbs push and chase . Outcomes & Results : EGY was able to understand reversible active and truncated passive sentences. He was impaired when comprehension depended on understanding the agentive role of the by phrase, although his performance improved when a locative preposition was available to highlight the theme of the action. Conclusions : Intact performance on reversible active sentences indicated spared ability to process canonical word order. EGY's ability to understand truncated passives showed comprehension of the auxiliary and inflected verb, perhaps resulting in a conceptual representation of the passive as an adjectival construction (e.g., the cow is pushed = the pushed cow ). EGY's deficit in comprehending full passive sentences is explained as a failure to process the syntactic and lexical information in the agentive by preposition. In semantic dementia, the division between lexicon and grammar may be more apparent than real. C1 PgD De Stichtse Hof, NL-1251 BG Laren, Netherlands. RP Diesfeldt, HFA (reprint author), PgD De Stichtse Hof, Naarderstr 81, NL-1251 BG Laren, Netherlands. EM H.Diesfeldt@vivium.nl CR BASTIAANSE R, 1995, PALPA PSYCHOLINGUIST BATES E, 1995, LANG COGNITIVE PROC, V10, P487, DOI 10.1080/01690969508407113 BENNIS H, 2000, SYNTAXIS NEDERLANDS BERG IJ, 1988, NEDERLANDS TIJDSCHRI, V43, P388 Berndt RS, 1996, COGNITION, V58, P289, DOI 10.1016/0010-0277(95)00682-6 Bird H, 2000, BRAIN LANG, V73, P17, DOI 10.1006/brln.2000.2293 Bishop D. V. M., 1989, TEST RECEPTION GRAMM Boogaart Pieter C, 1975, WOORDFREQUENTIES GES Breedin SD, 1999, J EXP PSYCHOL GEN, V128, P547, DOI 10.1037/0096-3445.128.4.547 Caplan D., 1988, DISORDERS SYNTACTIC Chan D, 2001, ANN NEUROL, V49, P433, DOI 10.1002/ana.92 Croot K, 1999, J INT NEUROPSYCH SOC, V5, P393 de Vries A. K., 1981, NIEUWE STREEFLIJST W Deelman BG, 1981, SAN TEST AFASIETEST Diesfeldt H. F. A., 1992, MEMORY FUNCTIONING D, P227 Diesfeldt H F, 1989, Tijdschr Gerontol Geriatr, V20, P241 DUYZENKUNSTFB, 2000, GRAMMATICA NEDERLAND Friederici AD, 2002, TRENDS COGN SCI, V6, P78, DOI 10.1016/S1364-6613(00)01839-8 Gahl S, 2002, APHASIOLOGY, V16, P1173, DOI 10.1080/02687030244000428 Galton CJ, 2001, NEUROLOGY, V57, P216 Garrard P, 2000, J NEUROL, V247, P409, DOI 10.1007/s004150070169 Graham KS, 2002, NEUROPSYCHOLOGY, V16, P380, DOI 10.1037//0894-4105.16.3.380 GRIGSBY J, 1992, PERCEPT MOTOR SKILL, V74, P883, DOI 10.2466/PMS.74.3.883-892 GRIMSHAW J, 1994, ARGUMENT STRUCTURE Grossman M, 2003, NEUROLOGY, V60, P775 Harasty JA, 1996, BRAIN, V119, P181, DOI 10.1093/brain/119.1.181 HODGES JR, 2003, NEUROLOGICAL FDN COG, P67 Hodges JR, 1999, NEUROPSYCHOLOGY, V13, P31, DOI 10.1037/0894-4105.13.1.31 HODGES JR, 1994, COGNITIVE NEUROPSYCH, V11, P505, DOI 10.1080/02643299408251984 HODGES JR, 1992, BRAIN, V115, P1783, DOI 10.1093/brain/115.6.1783 Hodges J R, 1996, J Int Neuropsychol Soc, V2, P511 Jackendoff Ray, 1997, ARCHITECTURE LANGUAG Kaan E, 2002, TRENDS COGN SCI, V6, P350, DOI 10.1016/S1364-6613(02)01947-2 Kako E, 2001, TRENDS COGN SCI, V5, P102, DOI 10.1016/S1364-6613(00)01594-1 Keenan Edward L., 1985, LANGUAGE TYPOLOGY SY, VI, P243 Kirsner Robert, 1976, SUBJECT TOPIC, P385 Kuperberg GR, 2003, J COGNITIVE NEUROSCI, V15, P272, DOI 10.1162/089892903321208204 LAMBON RM, 2000, COGNITIVE NEUROPSYCH, V17, P437 Lambon Ralph M A, 1998, Neuropsychologia, V36, P775 Lindeboom J, 1993, Tijdschr Gerontol Geriatr, V24, P105 Luzzatti C, 2001, APHASIOLOGY, V15, P419, DOI 10.1080/02687040143000005 MacDonald MC, 2002, PSYCHOL REV, V109, P35, DOI 10.1037//0033-295X.109.1.35 MACDONALD MC, 1994, PSYCHOL REV, V101, P676, DOI 10.1037//0033-295X.101.4.676 MARTIN RC, 1989, COGNITION, V32, P157, DOI 10.1016/0010-0277(89)90002-4 McClelland J. L., 1989, LANG COGNITIVE PROC, V4, P287, DOI 10.1080/01690968908406371 McClelland JL, 2002, TRENDS COGN SCI, V6, P465, DOI 10.1016/S1364-6613(02)01993-9 Mesulam MM, 2001, ANN NEUROL, V49, P425, DOI 10.1002/ana.91 Meyers JE, 1995, REY COMPLEX FIGURE T *NETH I PSYCH, 1998, BER PSYCH Patterson K, 2001, NEUROPSYCHOLOGIA, V39, P709, DOI 10.1016/S0028-3932(01)00008-2 PULVERMULLER F, 1995, J COGNITIVE NEUROSCI, V7, P165, DOI 10.1162/jocn.1995.7.2.165 Riddoch M.J., 1993, BIRMINGHAM OBJECT RE ROCHON E, 1994, BRAIN LANG, V46, P329, DOI 10.1006/brln.1994.1018 Rosen HJ, 2002, NEUROLOGY, V58, P198 SCHWARTZ MF, 1979, BRAIN LANG, V7, P277, DOI 10.1016/0093-934X(79)90024-5 Snowden JS, 2002, NEUROPSYCHOLOGIA, V40, P1715, DOI 10.1016/S0028-3932(02)00031-3 Snowden JS, 2001, J NEUROL NEUROSUR PS, V70, P323, DOI 10.1136/jnnp.70.3.323 Townsend David J., 2001, SENTENCE COMPREHENSI Ullman MT, 2001, J PSYCHOLINGUIST RES, V30, P37, DOI 10.1023/A:1005204207369 VERRIPS M, 1996, POTATOES MUST PEEL A VISCHBRINK EG, 1993, DEV ASSESSMENT REHAB VischBrink EG, 1996, BRAIN LANG, V55, P130 Warrington E., 1984, RECOGNITION MEMORY T WARRINGTON EK, 1991, VISUELE PERCEPTIE OB WATERS GS, 1995, COGNITIVE NEUROPSYCH, V12, P1, DOI 10.1080/02643299508251990 1980, PHOTOGRAPHIC TEACHIN NR 66 TC 2 Z9 2 PU PSYCHOLOGY PRESS PI HOVE PA 27 CHURCH RD, HOVE BN3 2FA, EAST SUSSEX, ENGLAND SN 0268-7038 J9 APHASIOLOGY JI Aphasiology PD AUG PY 2004 VL 18 IS 8 BP 715 EP 742 DI 10.1080/02687030344000607 PG 28 WC Clinical Neurology SC Neurosciences & Neurology GA 835ZK UT WOS:000222524300004 ER PT J AU Freed, D Celery, K Marshall, RC AF Freed, D Celery, K Marshall, RC TI Effectiveness of personalised and phonological cueing on long-term naming performance by aphasic subjects: A clinical investigation SO APHASIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID SUBORDINATE CATEGORY NAMES; COMPREHENSION; FACILITATION; LANGUAGE; IMAGERY AB Background : Personalised cueing is a treatment for aphasic word-finding deficits that has been shown to have long-term effects on naming accuracy. However, prior investigations of personalised cueing used novel visual stimuli instead of the more traditional pictures and drawings used in clinical settings. Consequently, the clinical effectiveness of personalised cueing was unclear. Aims : This study compared the effects of personalised cueing and phonological cueing on aphasic individuals' long-term naming accuracy using stimuli that are typical of those used in clinical treatments. Methods & Procedures : Using a single-subject, alternating treatments design, this study trained three individuals with moderately severe aphasia on the names of 60 common objects. The training sessions were followed by naming probes administered 1 week, 1 month, 2 months, and 3 months after the completion of training. Outcomes & Results : The results showed that the three participants had significantly higher levels of naming accuracy in the personalised cue condition up to 3 months post training compared to the phonological cue condition and an untrained control condition. Conclusions : This study suggests that personalised cueing can be used as a simple, time-efficient treatment for the word-finding deficits associated with aphasia of moderate severity. C1 Calif State Univ Fresno, Dept Communicat Disorders & Deaf Studies, Fresno, CA 93740 USA. Univ Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40506 USA. RP Freed, D (reprint author), Calif State Univ Fresno, Dept Communicat Disorders & Deaf Studies, 5048 N Jackson Ave,LS-80, Fresno, CA 93740 USA. EM donfr@csufresno.edu CR BADDELEY AD, 1973, NEUROPSYCHOLOGIA, V11, P159, DOI 10.1016/0028-3932(73)90003-1 CANCELLIERE AEB, 1991, ARCH PHYS MED REHAB, V72, P148 CRAIK FIM, 1972, J VERB LEARN VERB BE, V11, P671, DOI 10.1016/S0022-5371(72)80001-X Freed D. B., 1995, AM J SPEECH-LANG PAT, V4, P105 FREED DB, 1995, J SPEECH HEAR RES, V38, P1081 Freed DB, 1998, PERCEPT MOTOR SKILL, V87, P795 SPARKS R, 1974, Cortex, V10, P303 JONES MK, 1974, NEUROPSYCHOLOGIA, V12, P21, DOI 10.1016/0028-3932(74)90023-2 Kaplan E, 1983, BOSTON NAMING TEST KERR JYK, 1979, PHOTO CUE CARDS Kertesz A., 1982, W APHASIA BATTERY LEBRATO MT, 1974, AM J MENT DEF, V78, P704 Marshall HJ, 1999, EUROPACE, V1, P20, DOI 10.1053/eupc.1998.0003 MARSHALL RC, 1992, APHASIOLOGY, V6, P567, DOI 10.1080/02687039208249492 MARSHALL RC, 1994, CLIN APHASIOL, V22, P335 Marshall RC, 2001, APHASIOLOGY, V15, P585, DOI 10.1080/02687040143000050 Marshall RC, 2002, APHASIOLOGY, V16, P763, DOI 10.1080/02687030244000040 MASTROPIERI MA, 1990, J LEARN DISABIL, V23, P92 Mastropieri MA, 1989, EDUC PSYCHOL REV, V1, P83, DOI 10.1007/BF01326638 Patten B. M., 1972, ARCH NEUROL-CHICAGO, V26, P28 Schwartz B., 1991, LEARNING MEMORY SNODGRASS JG, 1980, J EXP PSYCHOL-HUM L, V6, P174, DOI 10.1037/0278-7393.6.2.174 VANLANCKER D, 1991, BRAIN COGNITION, V17, P64, DOI 10.1016/0278-2626(91)90067-I VANLANCKER D, 1990, BRAIN LANG, V39, P511, DOI 10.1016/0093-934X(90)90159-E VANLANCKER D, 1992, APHASIOLOGY, V6, P37, DOI 10.1080/02687039208248576 WALLACE GL, 1985, J SPEECH HEAR DISORD, V50, P385 NR 26 TC 9 Z9 10 PU PSYCHOLOGY PRESS PI HOVE PA 27 CHURCH RD, HOVE BN3 2FA, EAST SUSSEX, ENGLAND SN 0268-7038 J9 APHASIOLOGY JI Aphasiology PD AUG PY 2004 VL 18 IS 8 BP 743 EP 757 DI 10.1080/02687030444000246 PG 15 WC Clinical Neurology SC Neurosciences & Neurology GA 835ZK UT WOS:000222524300005 ER PT J AU Bakheit, AMO Barrett, L Wood, J AF Bakheit, AMO Barrett, L Wood, J TI The relationship between the severity of post-stroke aphasia and state self-esteem SO APHASIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID STROKE; ILLNESS; DISEASE AB Background : The study of self-esteem after stroke may provide valuable prognostic information of the potential for functional recovery and may also inform the approach to treatment. Hitherto, research into the effect of post-stroke aphasia on self-esteem has received little attention. The purpose of the present study is to examine the relationship between aphasia and self-esteem and to establish whether the severity of aphasia correlates significantly with the level of self-esteem. Methods & Procedures : Self-esteem was measured with the Visual Analogue Self-Esteem Scale (VASES) and aphasia was assessed with the Western Aphasia Battery (WAB). Assessments were made as soon as practicable after the stroke onset and 3 and 6 months after the first evaluation. Outcomes & Results : Of 51 eligible patients, 40 completed the study. The mean (SD) VASES scores at baseline, 3 and 6 months post-entry were 36.8 (7.6), 37.6 (7.2), and 38.5 (7.7), respectively. WAB scores were 71.3 (22.9) at 3 months and 72.0 (21.1) at 6 months. This compares to a baseline score of 45.5 (26.2). The changes in WAB scores from baseline to the 3 and 6 months post-entry assessments were statistically significant. However, the correlation between the severity of aphasia and self-esteem did not reach statistical significance either at baseline, or at the subsequent assessments. Conclusions : The severity of aphasia does not appear to correlate significantly with the level of self-esteem in the first 6 months after stroke. C1 Plymouth Primary Care Trust, Mt Gould Hosp, Stroke Unit, Plymouth PL4 7QD, Devon, England. RP Bakheit, AMO (reprint author), Plymouth Primary Care Trust, Mt Gould Hosp, Stroke Unit, Plymouth PL4 7QD, Devon, England. EM magid.bakheit@pcs-tr.swest.nhs.uk CR AHO K, 1980, B WORLD HEALTH ORGAN, V58, P113 Andersson S, 2002, J Psychiatr Ment Health Nurs, V9, P285, DOI 10.1046/j.1365-2850.2002.00480.x Bailey JA, 2003, J NATL MED ASSOC, V95, P388 BONITA R, 1992, LANCET, V339, P342, DOI 10.1016/0140-6736(92)91658-U Brumfitt SM, 1999, BRIT J CLIN PSYCHOL, V38, P387, DOI 10.1348/014466599162980 BURY M, 1991, SOCIOL HEALTH ILL, V13, P451, DOI 10.1111/j.1467-9566.1991.tb00522.x Chang AM, 1998, STROKE, V29, P2325 Coates C, 1997, DISABIL REHABIL, V19, P104 CROUCH MA, 1983, FAM COMMUNITY HEALTH, V6, P76 Ellis-Hill CS, 2000, CLIN REHABIL, V14, P279, DOI 10.1191/026921500671231410 EMERY OB, 1989, J GERONTOL, V44, P85 Enderby P M, 1987, Int Rehabil Med, V8, P166 GAGLIESE L, 1977, PAIN, V70, P3 HINSHELWOOD F, 1997, B ROYAL COLL SPEECH, V540, P11 Jopson NM, 2003, J PSYCHOSOM RES, V54, P503, DOI 10.1016/S0022-3999(02)00455-5 Kertesz A., 1982, W APHASIA BATTERY Kreisler A, 2000, NEUROLOGY, V54, P1117 Laska AC, 2001, J INTERN MED, V249, P413, DOI 10.1046/j.1365-2796.2001.00812.x LORING DW, 1990, NEUROPSYCHOLOGIA, V28, P831, DOI 10.1016/0028-3932(90)90007-B Müller D, 1999, Semin Speech Lang, V20, P85, DOI 10.1055/s-2008-1064011 OLDFIELD RC, 1971, NEUROPSYCHOLOGIA, V9, P97, DOI 10.1016/0028-3932(71)90067-4 PARR S, 1994, APHASIOLOGY, V8, P457, DOI 10.1080/02687039408248670 Price CIM, 1999, STROKE, V30, P1357 Schroevers MJ, 2003, SOC SCI MED, V57, P375, DOI 10.1016/S0277-9536(02)00366-0 Tennant A, 1997, DISABIL REHABIL, V19, P278 WADE DT, 1987, J NEUROL NEUROSUR PS, V50, P177, DOI 10.1136/jnnp.50.2.177 Wright JC, 1996, BRIT J CLIN PSYCHOL, V35, P399 NR 27 TC 5 Z9 5 PU PSYCHOLOGY PRESS PI HOVE PA 27 CHURCH RD, HOVE BN3 2FA, EAST SUSSEX, ENGLAND SN 0268-7038 J9 APHASIOLOGY JI Aphasiology PD AUG PY 2004 VL 18 IS 8 BP 759 EP 764 DI 10.1080/02687030444000372 PG 6 WC Clinical Neurology SC Neurosciences & Neurology GA 835ZK UT WOS:000222524300006 ER PT J AU Wambaugh, J Nessler, C AF Wambaugh, J Nessler, C TI Modification of sound production treatment for apraxia of speech: Acquisition and generalisation effects SO APHASIOLOGY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 33rd Annual Clinical Aphasiology Conference CY MAY, 2003 CL Orcas Isl, WA ID OVERGENERALIZATION; APHASIA AB Background: Sound errors are characteristic of acquired apraxia of speech (AOS) and are frequently the focus of treatment. One treatment for AOS, Sound Production Treatment (SPT), has been shown to facilitate improved sound production in trained sounds and untrained exemplars of those sounds (Wambaugh, Kalinyak-Fliszar, West, & Doyle, 1998a). Although the effects of SPT are relatively well understood when the treatment has been applied sequentially to single sounds in words, little is known about its application to multiple sounds. Additionally, the stimulus generalisation effects of SPT have not been well specified. Aims: This investigation was designed to further investigate the acquisition and stimulus generalisation effects of SPT for AOS. Treatment application was modified from previous investigations to allow for application with multiple sounds and in a different treatment context. Methods & Procedures: A multiple baseline design across behaviours and contexts was used to assess the effects of treatment with a speaker with chronic AOS and aphasia. Treatment was initially applied within the context of words elicited through repetition. In order to assess stimulus generalisation, the nine consonants of interest were elicited in words through sentence completion. Additionally, the target sounds were elicited in a different word position (i.e., word-final) from that utilised in treatment (i.e., word-initial). Outcomes & Results: Treatment resulted in increased correct productions of the target sounds in trained contexts. Generalisation to the different stimulus contexts was limited and varied across sounds. Treatment was extended to the sentence completion context and additional treatment gains were observed. Conclusions: The application of SPT to multiple sounds and to an additional treatment context appears to have promise in the treatment of AOS. Additional replications are required for external validity. C1 VA Salt Lake City Healthcare Syst, Res Serv 151A, Salt Lake City, UT 84148 USA. Univ Utah, Salt Lake City, UT 84112 USA. RP Wambaugh, J (reprint author), VA Salt Lake City Healthcare Syst, Res Serv 151A, 500 Foothill Blvd, Salt Lake City, UT 84148 USA. EM julie.wambaugh@health.utah.edu CR Clark HM, 1998, APHASIOLOGY, V12, P699, DOI 10.1080/02687039808249567 Croot Karen, 2002, Seminars in Speech and Language, V23, P267, DOI 10.1055/s-2002-35800 Dabul B. L., 1979, APRAXIA BATTERY ADUL Duffy J.R, 1995, MOTOR SPEECH DISORDE Dworkin J. P., 1996, J MED SPEECH-LANG PA, V2, P105 EDWARDS HT, 1992, APPL PHONETICS SOUND Fink RB, 1997, BRAIN LANG, V60, P41 German DJ, 1990, TEST ADOLESCENT ADUL Kearns Kevin P., 1997, P1 Kertesz A., 1982, W APHASIA BATTERY Knock TR, 2000, APHASIOLOGY, V14, P653 MARSHALL RC, 1988, BRAIN LANG, V35, P313, DOI 10.1016/0093-934X(88)90115-0 McNeil MR, 1997, CLIN MANAGEMENT SENS, P311 McNeil MR, 1995, CLIN APHASIOL, V23, P39 MCNEIL MR, 2000, APHASIA LANGUAGE THE, P221 Mlcoch A. G., 1982, CLIN APHASIOLOGY C P, P235 NEWMAN PW, 1985, ASSESSMENT REMEDIATI Nickels L, 2002, APHASIOLOGY, V16, P1047, DOI 10.1080/02687040143000618 Porch B. E., 1981, PORCH INDEX COMMUNIC, V2 PRATHER EM, 1975, J SPEECH HEAR DISORD, V40, P179 Raymer AM, 2002, J MED SPEECH-LANG PA, V10, P313 RAYMER AM, 1991, CLIN APHASIOLOGY, V20, P285 SANDER EK, 1972, J SPEECH HEAR DISORD, V37, P55 Schmidt RA, 1999, MOTOR CONTROL LEARNI Shriberg LD, 1982, CLIN PHONETICS Shuster L, 2003, CLIN APH C ORC ISL W Van Riper C., 1958, VOICE ARTICULATION WAMBAUGH J, 2003, M AM SPEECH LANG HEA Wambaugh J. L., 1996, CLIN APHASIOLOGY, V24, P97 Wambaugh JL, 1998, APHASIOLOGY, V12, P731, DOI 10.1080/02687039808249569 Wambaugh JL, 1998, J SPEECH LANG HEAR R, V41, P725 Wambaugh JL, 1999, APHASIOLOGY, V13, P821 WAMBAUGH JL, IN PRESS MED J SPEEC WAMBAUGH JL, 2001, ASHA SPECIAL INTERES, V11, P9 Wambaugh Julie L., 2002, Seminars in Speech and Language, V23, P293, DOI 10.1055/s-2002-35802 WAMBAUGH JL, 2004, C MOT SPEECH ALB NM Yorkston K. M., 1981, ASSESSMENT INTELLIGI NR 37 TC 17 Z9 17 PU PSYCHOLOGY PRESS PI HOVE PA 27 CHURCH RD, HOVE BN3 2FA, EAST SUSSEX, ENGLAND SN 0268-7038 J9 APHASIOLOGY JI Aphasiology PD MAY-JUL PY 2004 VL 18 IS 5-7 BP 407 EP 427 DI 10.1080/02687030444000165 PG 21 WC Clinical Neurology SC Neurosciences & Neurology GA 817NC UT WOS:000221183200002 ER PT J AU Peach, RK Wong, PCM AF Peach, RK Wong, PCM TI Integrating the message level into treatment for agrammatism using story retelling SO APHASIOLOGY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 33rd Annual Clinical Aphasiology Conference CY MAY, 2003 CL Orcas Isl, WA ID PROGRAM AB Background: Treatments for agrammatic production generally target sentence forms, inflectional morphology, verb retrieval, thematic roles, or underlying grammatical forms. Reviews of these and related methods suggest that they address Garrett's functional and positional levels of sentence processing. Such reviews also demonstrate that little attention has been given to developing treatments that emphasise the message level of sentence production. Message-level representations appear to have robust potential for influencing sentence-level processes following aphasia, since varying levels of language representation are thought to influence their downstream counterparts. Aims: The study aimed to determine whether functional and positional-level syntactic training applied in a context requiring structuring of message-level representations would improve expressive syntax in a patient with agrammatism. Methods & Procedures: A 10-week programme was divided into two 5-week phases requiring story retelling of three fables in each phase with critical oral and written feedback. Story retellings were analysed along three dimensions: grammaticality, complexity, and content. The programme was evaluated using a multiple-baseline across behaviours single-subject design. Outcomes & Results: Overall, this treatment programme appeared to produce highly beneficial outcomes with regard to improved expressive syntax. Substantial generalisation of treatment effects was observed in post-treatment testing, while long-term maintenance of the gains achieved in treatment was observed. Conclusions: The story-retelling procedure, with oral and written feedback, stimulated and improved the participant's expressive syntax. Unlike treatment approaches that simply target surface grammar, the story retelling approach appears to be rich with regard to stimulating conceptual syntax as well as lower-level syntactic processes. Functional communication also benefited by treating discourse-level behaviours to improve linguistic processing. C1 Rush Univ, Med Ctr, Chicago, IL 60612 USA. RP Peach, RK (reprint author), Rush Univ, Med Ctr, 1653 W Congress Pkwy, Chicago, IL 60612 USA. EM richard_k_peach@rush.edu RI Wong, Patrick/A-8102-2012 CR BERNDT RS, 1998, ACQUIRED APHASIA, P229, DOI 10.1016/B978-012619322-0/50010-5 Bock Kathryn, 1994, HDB PSYCHOLINGUISTIC, P945 Brown J, 1997, Violence Against Women, V3, P5, DOI 10.1177/1077801297003001002 Chapman S B, 1992, Clin Commun Disord, V2, P64 CHATTERJEE A, 2000, APHASIA LANGUAGE THE, P133 Davis G, 1985, ADULT APHASIA REHABI Garrett M., 1980, LANGUAGE PRODUCTION, V1, P177 Garrett M. F., 1984, BIOL PERSPECTIVES LA, P172 Garrett M. F., 1990, INVITATION COGNITIVE, P133 Goodglass H, 2001, BOSTON DIAGNOSTIC AP, V3rd HELMESTABROOKS N, 1981, J SPEECH HEAR DISORD, V46, P422 Holland A. L., 1999, COMMUNICATION ACTIVI Kay J., 1992, PSYCHOLINGUISTIC ASS LaPointe L., 1998, READING COMPREHENSIO LEVELT W, 1989, SPEAKING INTENTION A McNeil MR, 2001, APHASIOLOGY, V15, P991 Mitchum C., 2001, LANGUAGE INTERVENTIO, P551 SCHWARTZ MF, 1994, APHASIOLOGY, V8, P19, DOI 10.1080/02687039408248639 Thompson CK, 2001, LANGUAGE INTERVENTIO, p[605, 612] ULATOWSKA H K, 1989, Seminars in Speech and Language, V10, P298, DOI 10.1055/s-2008-1064270 NR 20 TC 21 Z9 21 PU PSYCHOLOGY PRESS PI HOVE PA 27 CHURCH RD, HOVE BN3 2FA, EAST SUSSEX, ENGLAND SN 0268-7038 J9 APHASIOLOGY JI Aphasiology PD MAY-JUL PY 2004 VL 18 IS 5-7 BP 429 EP 441 DI 10.1080/02687030444000147 PG 13 WC Clinical Neurology SC Neurosciences & Neurology GA 817NC UT WOS:000221183200003 ER PT J AU Haley, KL AF Haley, KL TI Vowel duration as a cue to postvocalic stop voicing in aphasia and apraxia of speech SO APHASIOLOGY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 33rd Annual Clinical Aphasiology Conference CY MAY, 2003 CL Orcas Isl, WA ID AMERICAN ENGLISH; SPEAKING RATE; INTELLIGIBILITY; PERCEPTION; PATTERNS AB Background: In American English, vowel duration is, on average, longer preceding postvocalic voiced stops than preceding postvocalic voiceless stops. Preliminary investigations have reported a preservation of this acoustic contrast for speakers with aphasia and apraxia of speech (AOS) on the basis of mean data. However, clinical interpretation of the available research is difficult due to lack of attention to the range of performance among and within speakers from both normal and disordered populations. Concurrent perceptual analysis is warranted to evaluate functional implications of acoustic variations, but standard approaches using a single listener and presentation may not be sufficiently sensitive to reveal subtle variations. Aims: (1) To determine whether aphasic and apraxic speakers produce a normal vowel duration differentiation between voiced and voiceless postvocalic stops. (2) To explore whether the produced vowel duration variations are associated with predicted perceptual effects. Methods & Procedures: Eight speakers with coexisting aphasia and AOS, eight with aphasia and no AOS, and eight normal control speakers produced 24 repetitions of the words "had" and "hat" in a short carrier phrase. For each utterance, the duration of the vowel was measured. Perceptual testing was conducted using three normal listeners and a forced-choice perceptual identification paradigm. Outcomes & Results: As expected, all normal speakers, and most aphasic and apraxic speakers, displayed a mean vowel duration distinction between the voicing cognates. The magnitude of the distinction did not differ across groups. Instead, there was substantial inter-speaker variability in the magnitude of duration contrast in all three groups. Some aphasic speakers with and without AOS did not distinguish in vowel duration between voicing cognates, and others displayed bimodal, but overlapping, distributions for /d/ and /t/. Results of the perceptual identification experiment indicated that there was good, but not perfect, agreement between variations in vowel duration and voicing perception and that several utterances produced by aphasic and apraxic speakers were perceptually ambiguous. Conclusions: (1) Although the mean duration for vowels preceding voiced and voiceless stops may be indistinguishable from normal, several abnormal acoustic patterns are found among individual aphasic speakers both with and without AOS. (2) The magnitude of acoustic distinction can vary considerably across normal speakers and this variation must be considered when evaluating disordered speech. (3) Perceptual identification testing facilitates the interpretation of acoustic data, particularly when the two levels of analysis are matched on an utterance-by-utterance basis. (4) Perceptual ambiguity can be demonstrated in disordered speech through perceptual identification testing. C1 Univ N Carolina, Dept Allied Hlth Sci, Div Speech & Hearing Sci, Chapel Hill, NC 27599 USA. RP Haley, KL (reprint author), Univ N Carolina, Dept Allied Hlth Sci, Div Speech & Hearing Sci, Med Sch Wing D,CB 7190, Chapel Hill, NC 27599 USA. EM khaley@med.unc.edu CR BAUM SR, 1990, BRAIN LANG, V39, P33, DOI 10.1016/0093-934X(90)90003-Y BUCKINGHAM HW, 1987, CLIN LINGUIST PHONET, V1, P113, DOI 10.3109/02699208708985007 CALIGIURI MP, 1983, FOLIA PHONIATR, V35, P226 CHEN M, 1970, PHONETICA, V22, P129 CRYSTAL TH, 1988, J SPEECH HEAR RES, V31, P497 Duffy J. R., 1984, APRAXIA SPEECH PHYSL, P167 Haley KL, 2001, APHASIOLOGY, V15, P1107, DOI 10.1080/02687040143000519 Haley KL, 1998, APHASIOLOGY, V12, P715, DOI 10.1080/02687039808249568 Haley KL, 2000, APHASIOLOGY, V14, P619 HILLENBRAND J, 1984, J ACOUST SOC AM, V76, P18, DOI 10.1121/1.391094 HOGAN JT, 1980, J ACOUST SOC AM, V67, P1764, DOI 10.1121/1.384304 KENT RD, 1989, J SPEECH HEAR DISORD, V54, P482 Kertesz A., 1982, W APHASIA BATTERY KLATT DH, 1973, J ACOUST SOC AM, V54, P1102, DOI 10.1121/1.1914322 McNeil MR, 1997, CLIN MANAGEMENT SENS, P311 MILENKOVIC PM, 1996, CSPEECH COMPUTER PRO RAPHAEL LJ, 1972, J ACOUST SOC AM, V51, P1296, DOI 10.1121/1.1912974 Rogers MA, 1997, APHASIOLOGY, V11, P433, DOI 10.1080/02687039708248482 Schmidt RA, 1999, MOTOR CONTROL LEARNI Smith BL, 2002, PHONETICA, V59, P232, DOI 10.1159/000068348 Snijders TAB, 1999, MULTILEVEL ANAL INTR, V1st TULLER B, 1984, NEUROPSYCHOLOGIA, V22, P547, DOI 10.1016/0028-3932(84)90019-8 UMEDA N, 1975, J ACOUST SOC AM, V58, P434, DOI 10.1121/1.380688 WEISMER G, 1979, J SPEECH HEAR RES, V22, P516 WERTZ R T, 1992, Seminars in Speech and Language, V13, P39, DOI 10.1055/s-2008-1064185 Wertz RT, 1984, APRAXIA SPEECH ADULT NR 26 TC 3 Z9 3 PU PSYCHOLOGY PRESS PI HOVE PA 27 CHURCH RD, HOVE BN3 2FA, EAST SUSSEX, ENGLAND SN 0268-7038 J9 APHASIOLOGY JI Aphasiology PD MAY-JUL PY 2004 VL 18 IS 5-7 BP 443 EP 456 DI 10.1080/02687030444000200 PG 14 WC Clinical Neurology SC Neurosciences & Neurology GA 817NC UT WOS:000221183200004 ER PT J AU Martin, N Fink, R Laine, M AF Martin, N Fink, R Laine, M TI Treatment of word retrieval deficits with contextual priming SO APHASIOLOGY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 33rd Annual Clinical Aphasiology Conference CY MAY, 2003 CL Orcas Isl, WA ID ANOMIA TREATMENT; LEXICAL ACCESS; LANGUAGE; MEMORY AB Background: Repetition priming is often a component of treatments for word-finding disorders. It can facilitate or interfere with naming success depending on a number of factors. Here we investigate the effectiveness of massed priming coupled with semantic or phonological context as a treatment for naming impairments arising from semantic and phonological deficits. Aims: We aimed to determine whether (1) this procedure, used previously in a short-term facilitation study, would effectively improve word retrieval in a treatment study, and (2) the pattern of facilitation or interference observed in the facilitation study would carry over to the treatment programme. Methods & Procedures: We used a single subject multiple baseline design. There were two participants: LP with a phonological encoding deficit and AS with both semantic and phonological deficits. Treatment involved identifying and repeating the names of words that were related semantically or phonologically, or unrelated. Pre and post measures of naming were used to assess overall effectiveness of the treatment. Acquisition, maintenance, and generalisation were measured with baseline tests at the start of each session. Correct responses and errors on within-training naming probes were used to measure sensitivity to priming in a particular context. Outcomes & Results: LP benefited from this procedure regardless of the training context. AS showed interference in the semantic context during training and only modest short-term gains. These outcomes were predicted by their performance on an earlier facilitation study. Conclusions: Contextual repetition priming has different effects on naming and these differences appear to be related to the context of training (semantic or phonological) and the primary source of an individual's naming impairment (semantic or phonological). This procedure is most effective when semantic processing of words is relatively spared. C1 Temple Univ, Dept Commun Sci, Philadelphia, PA 19122 USA. Moss Rehabil Res Inst, Philadelphia, PA USA. Abo Akad Univ, Turku, Finland. RP Martin, N (reprint author), Temple Univ, Dept Commun Sci, 1701 N 13th St, Philadelphia, PA 19122 USA. EM nmartin@temple.edu CR Boyle M., 1995, AM J SPEECH-LANG PAT, V4, P94 Cornelissen K, 2003, J COGNITIVE NEUROSCI, V15, P444, DOI 10.1162/089892903321593153 DELL GS, 1992, COGNITION, V42, P287, DOI 10.1016/0010-0277(92)90046-K Dell GS, 1997, PSYCHOL REV, V104, P801, DOI 10.1037/0033-295X.104.4.801 Dunn L. M., 1981, PEABODY PICTURE VOCA Kertesz A., 1982, W APHASIA BATTERY Laine M, 1996, BRAIN LANG, V53, P283, DOI 10.1006/brln.1996.0050 Marshall RC, 2001, APHASIOLOGY, V15, P585, DOI 10.1080/02687040143000050 MARTIN N, 2004, UNPUB IMMEDIATE SHOR Martin N, 2000, APHASIOLOGY, V14, P53 Martin N, 1997, COGNITIVE NEUROPSYCH, V14, P641 Martin N., 1999, INT J PSYCHOL, V34, P330 McReynolds L. V., 1983, SINGLE SUBJECT EXPT PATTERSON KE, 1983, APHASIA THERAPY, P76 PAULESU E, 1993, NATURE, V362, P342, DOI 10.1038/362342a0 Renvall K, 2003, APHASIOLOGY, V17, P305, DOI 10.1080/02687030244000671 Roach A., 1996, CLIN APHASIOLOGY, V24, P121 SAFFRAN EM, 1988, UNPUB PHILADELPHIA C NR 18 TC 23 Z9 24 PU PSYCHOLOGY PRESS PI HOVE PA 27 CHURCH RD, HOVE BN3 2FA, EAST SUSSEX, ENGLAND SN 0268-7038 J9 APHASIOLOGY JI Aphasiology PD MAY-JUL PY 2004 VL 18 IS 5-7 BP 457 EP 471 DI 10.1080/02687030444000129 PG 15 WC Clinical Neurology SC Neurosciences & Neurology GA 817NC UT WOS:000221183200005 ER PT J AU Small, SL AF Small, SL TI A biological model of aphasia rehabilitation: Pharmacological perspectives SO APHASIOLOGY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 33rd Annual Clinical Aphasiology Conference CY MAY, 2003 CL Orcas Isl, WA ID ACUTE ISCHEMIC-STROKE; MIDDLE CEREBRAL-ARTERY; TRAUMATIC BRAIN INJURY; TISSUE-PLASMINOGEN ACTIVATOR; SENSORIMOTOR CORTEX INJURY; POSTSTROKE DEPRESSION; DOUBLE-BLIND; MOTOR RECOVERY; FUNCTIONAL RECOVERY; BEHAVIORAL RECOVERY AB Background: Aphasia is a multi-modality disturbance of speech, language, and memory caused by neurological injury, particularly stroke. Aims : This review article views aphasia as fundamentally a disease of the brain, and aims to survey biological treatments for aphasia that address amelioration of brain injury. Main Contribution: The review examines the effects of different drugs on both direct and indirect mechanisms of neural circuit reorganisation, gauged through effects on multi-modal measures of speech, language, and memory. Based on this review, therapists might choose to analyse and change the pharmacological state of their patients with aphasia. Conclusions: We conclude that (a) both biological and behavioural therapies affect brain repair and reorganisation; (b) pharmacotherapy is not yet proven, but has promise, but only when accompanied by concomitant behavioural therapy; (c) the most important biological interventions that can be accomplished at present are to withdraw certain drugs that impede aphasia recovery and to administer anti-depressants to all patients with major or minor post-stroke depression. C1 Univ Chicago, Dept Neurol, Chicago, IL 60637 USA. RP Small, SL (reprint author), Univ Chicago, Dept Neurol, 5841 S Maryland Ave,MC-2030, Chicago, IL 60637 USA. EM small@uchicago.edu CR AARSLAND D, 1994, BRAIN, V117, P1377, DOI 10.1093/brain/117.6.1377 ALBERT ML, 1988, NEUROLOGY, V38, P877 ANDERSEN G, 1994, STROKE, V25, P1099 Bakin JS, 1996, P NATL ACAD SCI USA, V93, P11219, DOI 10.1073/pnas.93.20.11219 Baskerville KA, 1997, NEUROSCIENCE, V80, P1159, DOI 10.1016/S0306-4522(97)00064-X BERGMAN PS, 1951, NEUROLOGY, V1, P471 Berthier ML, 2003, NEUROLOGY, V60, P1218 BOYESON MG, 1984, ANN M SOC NEUROSCIEN, V10, P68 BOYESON MG, 1993, AM J PHYS MED REHAB, V72, P286, DOI 10.1097/00002060-199310000-00007 Boyeson MG, 1996, STROKE, V27, P2145 BOYESON MG, 1994, AM J PHYS MED REHAB, V73, P76, DOI 10.1097/00002060-199404000-00002 BRACCO L, 1984, NEUROSCI LETT, V50, P301, DOI 10.1016/0304-3940(84)90503-2 Bragoni M, 2000, NEUROL SCI, V21, P19, DOI 10.1007/s100720070114 BROWN RM, 1974, ACTA PHYSIOL SCAND, V90, P789, DOI 10.1111/j.1748-1716.1974.tb05647.x CASTREN E, 1992, P NATL ACAD SCI USA, V89, P9444, DOI 10.1073/pnas.89.20.9444 *CEBM, 2003, VOL 2003 CLARK ANG, 1979, J AM GERIATR SOC, V27, P174 COHEN HP, 1975, J NEUROSURG, V43, P32, DOI 10.3171/jns.1975.43.1.0032 Connors John J 3rd, 2002, Rev Cardiovasc Med, V3 Suppl 2, pS92 CRISOSTOMO EA, 1988, ANN NEUROL, V23, P94, DOI 10.1002/ana.410230117 Darley F. L., 1977, CLIN APHASIOL, V7, P91 DeDeyn PP, 1997, STROKE, V28, P2347 De Keyser J, 1999, TRENDS NEUROSCI, V22, P535, DOI 10.1016/S0166-2236(99)01463-0 DIXON CE, 1994, J NEUROTRAUM, V11, P275, DOI 10.1089/neu.1994.11.275 DOWNHILL JE, 1994, J NERV MENT DIS, V182, P425, DOI 10.1097/00005053-199408000-00001 ENDERBY P, 1994, CLIN NEUROPHARMACOL, V17, P320, DOI 10.1097/00002826-199408000-00003 FEENEY DM, 1985, BRAIN RES, V342, P352, DOI 10.1016/0006-8993(85)91135-7 FEENEY DM, 1983, PSYCHOPHARMACOLOGY, V79, P67, DOI 10.1007/BF00433018 FEENEY DM, 1982, SCIENCE, V217, P855, DOI 10.1126/science.7100929 FERE C, 1886, REV GEN CLIN THERAPE, V785 FREUND HJ, 1997, BRAIN PLASTICITY Friel KM, 1998, SOMATOSENS MOT RES, V15, P173, DOI 10.1080/08990229870745 Fruehwald S, 2003, J NEUROL, V250, P347, DOI 10.1007/s00415-003-1014-3 Gernsbacher M. A., 1998, FOREIGN LANGUAGE LEA, P231 GIL R, 1995, J NEUROL, V242, P251, DOI 10.1007/BF00919600 Giurgea C E, 1983, Acta Psychiatr Belg, V83, P349 GOLDBERG E, 1982, Journal of Clinical Neuropsychology, V4, P219, DOI 10.1080/01688638208401131 Goldstein Larry B, 2003, Phys Med Rehabil Clin N Am, V14, pS125, DOI 10.1016/S1047-9651(02)00060-8 Goldstein LB, 1998, ARCH NEUROL-CHICAGO, V55, P454, DOI 10.1001/archneur.55.4.454 GOLDSTEIN LB, 1995, NEUROLOGY, V45, P865 Goldstein LB, 2000, NEUROPHARMACOLOGY, V39, P852, DOI 10.1016/S0028-3908(99)00249-X Goldstein LB, 2000, DRUG SAFETY, V22, P13, DOI 10.2165/00002018-200022010-00002 GOLDSTEIN LB, 1998, RESTORATIVE NEUROLOG GOLDSTEIN LB, 1993, J NEURAL TRANSP PLAS, V4, P175 Goldstein LB, 1999, REV NEUROL-FRANCE, V155, P731 Goldstein LB, 1997, PHARMACOL BIOCHEM BE, V58, P1151, DOI 10.1016/S0091-3057(97)00324-9 GOLDSTEIN LB, 1988, ANN NEUROL, V22, P159 Grade C, 1998, ARCH PHYS MED REHAB, V79, P1047, DOI 10.1016/S0003-9993(98)90169-1 Greener J., 2001, COCHRANE DB SYST REV, DOI [10.1002/14651858.CD000424/abstract, DOI 10.1002/14651858.CD000424] GROTTA JC, 1987, NEW ENGL J MED, V317, P1505, DOI 10.1056/NEJM198712103172405 Gupta SR, 1995, NEUROLOGY, V45, P2170 GUPTA SR, 1992, ARCH PHYS MED REHAB, V73, P373, DOI 10.1016/0003-9993(92)90012-L GUSTAFSON Y, 1995, DRUG AGING, V7, P298 HACKE W, 1995, JAMA-J AM MED ASSOC, V274, P1017, DOI 10.1001/jama.274.13.1017 HAMM RJ, 1993, COGNITIVE BRAIN RES, V1, P223, DOI 10.1016/0926-6410(93)90006-Q Helmuth L, 2003, SCIENCE, V299, P1300, DOI 10.1126/science.299.5611.1300 HENDRY SHC, 1987, J NEUROSCI, V7, P1503 HERNANDEZ TD, 1994, BRAIN RES, V635, P300, DOI 10.1016/0006-8993(94)91451-6 Hillis A., 2001, HDB ADULT LANGUAGE D, P397 HOVDA DA, 1984, BRAIN RES, V298, P358, DOI 10.1016/0006-8993(84)91437-9 Huber W, 1997, ARCH PHYS MED REHAB, V78, P245, DOI 10.1016/S0003-9993(97)90028-9 Huber W, 1999, PHARMACOPSYCHIATRY, V32, P38, DOI 10.1055/s-2007-979235 Hughes JD, 2000, BRAIN LANG, V71, P96, DOI 10.1006/brln.1999.2223 Jacobs DH, 1996, NEUROCASE, V2, P83 JACOBS KM, 1991, SCIENCE, V251, P944, DOI 10.1126/science.2000496 Jambaque I, 1998, J CHILD NEUROL, V13, P296 JENKINS WM, 1987, PROG BRAIN RES, V71, P241 Johansson BB, 2000, STROKE, V31, P223 Kent TA, 1999, J NEUROSCI RES, V55, P357, DOI 10.1002/(SICI)1097-4547(19990201)55:3<357::AID-JNR11>3.0.CO;2-W Kessler J, 2000, STROKE, V31, P2112 Kilgard MP, 1998, SCIENCE, V279, P1714, DOI 10.1126/science.279.5357.1714 Koller G, 2003, NEUROPSYCHOBIOLOGY, V48, P87, DOI 10.1159/000072883 Kondziolka D, 2000, NEUROLOGY, V55, P565 Kondziolka D, 2002, J CLIN NEUROSCI, V9, P225, DOI 10.1054/jocn.2001.1043 Kondziolka Douglas, 2003, Phys Med Rehabil Clin N Am, V14, pS153, DOI 10.1016/S1047-9651(02)00057-8 LAZARUS LW, 1992, J CLIN PSYCHIAT, V53, P447 Lecours A. R., 1983, APHASIOLOGY LIPSEY JR, 1984, LANCET, V1, P297 LINN L, 1947, ARCH NEURO PSYCHIATR, V58, P357 Lutsep H, 2001, Curr Opin Investig Drugs, V2, P1732 LYETH BG, 1992, BRAIN RES, V569, P281, DOI 10.1016/0006-8993(92)90640-U MACKLIS JD, 1993, J NEUROSCI, V13, P3848 MacLennan D. L., 1991, CLIN APHASIOL, V21, P145 McCloskey M., 1989, PSYCHOL LEARN MOTIV, V24, P109 MERZENICH MM, 1984, J COMP NEUROL, V224, P591, DOI 10.1002/cne.902240408 Montanez S, 2000, BRAIN RES, V860, P29, DOI 10.1016/S0006-8993(00)01951-X MORRIS PLP, 1992, MED J AUSTRALIA, V157, P239 Mula M, 2003, NEUROLOGY, V60, P1104 Mulrow C. D., 1998, SYSTEMATIC REV SYNTH Neville HJ, 1998, CURR OPIN NEUROBIOL, V8, P254, DOI 10.1016/S0959-4388(98)80148-7 Nudo RJ, 1999, REV NEUROL, V155, P713 Nudo RJ, 1996, SCIENCE, V272, P1791, DOI 10.1126/science.272.5269.1791 OLSON L, 1994, J NEUROL, V242, P12 Orgogozo JM, 1999, PHARMACOPSYCHIATRY, V32, P25, DOI 10.1055/s-2007-979233 Pashek GV, 2003, BRAIN LANG, V87, P179, DOI 10.1016/S0093-934X(03)00259-1 PETERSEN RC, 1977, PSYCHOPHARMACOLOGY, V52, P283, DOI 10.1007/BF00426713 PORCH B, 1985, Society for Neuroscience Abstracts, V11, P52 Porch B. E., 1967, PORCH INDEX COMMUNIC, V1 ROBINSON RG, 1975, NATURE, V255, P332, DOI 10.1038/255332a0 ROBINSON RG, 1980, BRAIN RES, V181, P202, DOI 10.1016/0006-8993(80)91271-8 Robinson RG, 2000, AM J PSYCHIAT, V157, P351, DOI 10.1176/appi.ajp.157.3.351 Robinson RG, 1998, CLIN NEUROPSYCHIATRY ROBINSON RG, 1984, BRAIN, V107, P81, DOI 10.1093/brain/107.1.81 Rocamora N, 1996, J NEUROSCI, V16, P4411 SABE L, 1992, NEUROLOGY, V42, P1637 Sackett D, 2000, EVIDENCE BASED MED P SAIJA A, 1988, Journal of Neurotrauma, V5, P161, DOI 10.1089/neu.1988.5.161 SARNO MT, 1972, J SPEECH HEAR RES, V15, P42 Schallert T, 1992, PHYS MED REHABIL, V6, P375 SHERMAN SJ, 2003, BEHAV NEUROSCI, V11, P526 Singh A, 1998, CAN J PSYCHIAT, V43, P921 SMALL SL, 1994, STROKE, V25, P1282 Small SL, 2000, BRAIN LANG, V71, P227, DOI 10.1006/brln.1999.2256 SMALL SL, 2001, HDB NEUROPSYCHOLOGY, V3, P335 Snyder EY, 1997, P NATL ACAD SCI USA, V94, P11663, DOI 10.1073/pnas.94.21.11663 STARKSTEIN SE, 1989, BRIT J PSYCHIAT, V154, P170, DOI 10.1192/bjp.154.2.170 STARKSTEIN SE, 1991, J NEUROPSYCH CLIN N, V3, P276 Stroemer RP, 1998, STROKE, V29, P2381 STROEMER RP, 1995, STROKE, V26, P2135 Taffe MA, 1999, COGNITIVE BRAIN RES, V8, P203, DOI 10.1016/S0926-6410(99)00021-X Tanaka Y, 1997, LANCET, V350, P116, DOI 10.1016/S0140-6736(05)61820-X *TASK FORC DSM IV, 1994, DIAGN STAT MAN MENT, V4 MARLER JR, 1995, NEW ENGL J MED, V333, P1581 Tsz-Ming C., 2001, J NEUROPSYCHIATRY CL, V13, P140 van de Weg FB, 1999, CLIN REHABIL, V13, P268 VERNON M W, 1991, Drugs and Aging, V1, P17 WALKERBATSON D, 1995, STROKE, V26, P2254 Walker-Batson D, 2000, BRAIN LANG, V71, P252, DOI 10.1006/brln.1999.2262 Walker-Batson D, 1991, CLIN APHASIOLOGY, V21, P137 WEST R, 1965, J SPEECH HEAR RES, V8, P57 WHITEHOUSE PJ, 1981, ANN NEUROL, V10, P122, DOI 10.1002/ana.410100203 Wong ICK, 2000, DRUG SAFETY, V23, P35, DOI 10.2165/00002018-200023010-00003 Xerri C, 1998, J NEUROPHYSIOL, V79, P2119 Yu AJ, 2002, NEURAL NETWORKS, V15, P719, DOI 10.1016/S0893-6080(02)00058-8 Zhang WR, 1999, BRAIN RES, V842, P211, DOI 10.1016/S0006-8993(99)01818-1 Zlokovic BV, 1997, NEUROSURGERY, V40, P805, DOI 10.1097/00006123-199704000-00028 NR 136 TC 15 Z9 16 PU PSYCHOLOGY PRESS PI HOVE PA 27 CHURCH RD, HOVE BN3 2FA, EAST SUSSEX, ENGLAND SN 0268-7038 J9 APHASIOLOGY JI Aphasiology PD MAY-JUL PY 2004 VL 18 IS 5-7 BP 473 EP 492 DI 10.1080/02687030444000156 PG 20 WC Clinical Neurology SC Neurosciences & Neurology GA 817NC UT WOS:000221183200006 ER PT J AU Fossett, TRD McNeil, MR Doyle, PJ Rubinsky, H Nixon, S Hula, W Brady, J AF Fossett, TRD McNeil, MR Doyle, PJ Rubinsky, H Nixon, S Hula, W Brady, J TI Assessing the validity of multiple-choice questions for RAPP story comprehension SO APHASIOLOGY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 33rd Annual Clinical Aphasiology Conference CY MAY, 2003 CL Orcas Isl, WA ID SENTENCE READING-COMPREHENSION; APHASIA; ADULTS; DISCOURSE AB Background: Passage dependency (PD) is a measure of how much information is required to answer test questions based only on information provided in the relevant text (Tuiman, 1974). Prior learning, information included in other test questions or responses, and the ability to eliminate less plausible or irrelevant foils are all factors that may affect PD. The PD of the multiple-choice questions for the auditory story comprehension task in the RAPP software environment has yet to be established. Aims: The purpose of this experiment was to investigate the validity of newly developed multiple-choice comprehension questions for the story comprehension tasks used in the RAPP software environment. Methods & Procedures: Participants were 40 young adults without speech or language impairment, 20 of whom heard each of 12 stimulus stories and answered 10 multiple-choice questions with 5 response choices, and 20 who answered the multiple-choice questions but were not exposed to the stimulus stories. Questions concerned information about stated and implied main ideas and details presented in the stories. Based on four pre-determined story forms (three stories each), analyses examined the questions' validity in terms of their PD compared to chance performance and to a pre-established Passage Dependency Index (PDI) criterion (.60). Significant differences in the PDI and in the percentage of correctly answered questions among predetermined forms were also evaluated. Analyses also examined the PD of questions based on the type of information queried both within and among forms. Outcomes & Results: Results provide support for the validity of the multiple-choice questions without consideration of the nature of the information queried by them. The percentage of correctly answered questions exceeded chance for all story forms, PDIs met or exceeded the pre-established criterion, there were no significant differences in the PDIs among the four forms and there were no significant differences in the percentage of correctly answered questions among the four forms. There were no significant differences in the PDIs among the four question types by story form or among question types within a form and all PDIs met or exceeded pre-established criteria (except detail implied questions in one form). Conclusions: These results provide support for the PD of the multiple-choice questions constructed for the four story forms that make up this version of a story-length auditory comprehension task. Results suggest that the questions are not biased relative to the content of the stories and results add to the overall validity of the task. C1 Univ Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15232 USA. VA Pittsburgh Health Syst, Pittsburgh, PA USA. RP Fossett, TRD (reprint author), Univ Pittsburgh, 4033 Forbes Tower, Pittsburgh, PA 15232 USA. EM fossett@shrs.pitt.edu CR Brookshire R. H., 1997, DISCOURSE COMPREHENS BROOKSHIRE RH, 1984, BRAIN LANG, V21, P21, DOI 10.1016/0093-934X(84)90033-6 Chapman SB, 1997, APHASIOLOGY, V11, P337, DOI 10.1080/02687039708248475 Doyle PJ, 1998, APHASIOLOGY, V12, P561, DOI 10.1080/02687039808249558 Doyle PJ, 2000, APHASIOLOGY, V14, P537 Goodglass H, 2001, BOSTON DIAGNOSTIC AP, V3rd McNeil MR, 2001, APHASIOLOGY, V15, P991 McNeil MR, 2002, APHASIOLOGY, V16, P815, DOI 10.1080/02687030244000284 NICHOLAS LE, 1987, J SPEECH HEAR DISORD, V52, P358 NICHOLAS LE, 1986, J SPEECH HEAR DISORD, V51, P82 Thomas CA, 1997, J COMMUN DISORD, V30, P231, DOI 10.1016/S0021-9924(96)00075-5 TUIMAN J, 1974, READING RES Q, V2, P206 Ulatowska HK, 2001, AM J SPEECH-LANG PAT, V10, P40, DOI 10.1044/1058-0360(2001/007) Welland RJ, 2002, J SPEECH LANG HEAR R, V45, P1175, DOI 10.1044/1092-4388(2002/095) NR 14 TC 3 Z9 3 PU PSYCHOLOGY PRESS PI HOVE PA 27 CHURCH RD, HOVE BN3 2FA, EAST SUSSEX, ENGLAND SN 0268-7038 J9 APHASIOLOGY JI Aphasiology PD MAY-JUL PY 2004 VL 18 IS 5-7 BP 493 EP 519 DI 10.1080/02687030444000066 PG 27 WC Clinical Neurology SC Neurosciences & Neurology GA 817NC UT WOS:000221183200007 ER PT J AU McNeil, MR Doyle, PJ Hula, WD Rubinsky, HJ Fossett, TRD Matthews, CT AF McNeil, MR Doyle, PJ Hula, WD Rubinsky, HJ Fossett, TRD Matthews, CT TI Using resource allocation theory and dual-task methods to increase the sensitivity of assessment in aphasia SO APHASIOLOGY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 33rd Annual Clinical Aphasiology Conference CY MAY, 2003 CL Orcas Isl, WA ID STORY RETELL PROCEDURE; DIVIDED-ATTENTION; QUANTITATIVE-ANALYSIS; MULTIPLE RESOURCES; MANUAL TRACKING; PERFORMANCE; INDIVIDUALS; LANGUAGE; SPEECH; COMPREHENSION AB Background: Quantifying the severity of language impairment and measuring change in language performance over time are two important objectives in the assessment of aphasia. The notion of cognitive effort as understood from a resource allocation perspective provides a potentially useful complement to traditional constructs employed in aphasia assessment. Aims: The series of experiments described in this paper used resource allocation theory and dual-task methodology (1) to assess whether a language comprehension task (Story Retell Procedure) and a visual-manual tracking task trade performance under dual-task conditions, and (2) to investigate the potential utility of these methods in clinical assessment of aphasia. In Experiment 1, the validity of a difficulty manipulation of the SRP was investigated. In Experiments 2 and 3, the reliability and validity of the visual-manual tracking task were evaluated. Experiment 4 investigated whether the two tasks trade performance under dual-task conditions. Methods & Procedures: In Experiment 1, 20 normal participants listened to and retold stories presented by a normal speaker and speakers with mild, moderate, and severe aphasia. Participants' comprehension performance was measured by calculating the amount of information retold per unit time. In Experiment 2, root mean square (RMS) tracking error data were collected under fixed joystick displacement conditions. In Experiment 3, 20 normal participants performed single-task tracking across 12 trials at each of three difficulty levels, and performance was evaluated in terms of RMS error. In Experiment 4, three groups of 20 normal individuals performed the tracking task while listening to stories told by the normal speaker and speakers with aphasia. Story retell performance was evaluated between subjects across three tracking difficulty levels and tracking performance was evaluated within subjects across story difficulty (normal, mild, moderate, and severe aphasia). Outcomes & Results: The results of Experiments 1-3 supported the reliability and validity of the difficulty manipulations for the story retell and tracking tasks. In Experiment 4, tracking performance was found to vary significantly across story difficulty, with subjects demonstrating better tracking performance while listening to stories told by a mildly aphasic speaker than during stories told by a speaker with moderate aphasia. There was no effect of tracking difficulty on story comprehension as measured by subsequent story retell performance. Conclusions: The results provide qualified support for both a resource allocation view of language performance in normal individuals and the potential utility of these methods in the assessment of aphasia. These conclusions, however, are mitigated by the finding of only a unidirectional (as opposed to bidirectional) performance trade, and by the fact that the effect of story difficulty on tracking performance was observed across only two levels of aphasia severity. C1 Univ Pittsburgh, Dept Commun Sci & Disorders, Pittsburgh, PA 15260 USA. VA Pittsburgh Healthcare Syst, Ctr Geriatr Res Educ & Clin, Pittsburgh, PA USA. RP McNeil, MR (reprint author), Univ Pittsburgh, Dept Commun Sci & Disorders, 4033 Forbes Tower, Pittsburgh, PA 15260 USA. EM mcneil@csd.pitt.edu CR Arvedson J. C., 1986, CLIN APHASIOLOGY, V17, P188 Backs RW, 1997, ACTA PSYCHOL, V96, P167, DOI 10.1016/S0001-6918(97)00010-3 Bayles K. A., 1993, ARIZONA BATTERY COMM Brookshire R. H., 1997, DISCOURSE COMPREHENS BROWN ID, 1978, ERGONOMICS, V21, P221, DOI 10.1080/00140137808931716 Brown SW, 1998, PSYCHOL RES-PSYCH FO, V61, P71, DOI 10.1007/s004260050014 BROWN TL, 1989, J EXP PSYCHOL HUMAN, V15, P686 CAMPBELL TF, 1985, J SPEECH HEAR RES, V28, P513 DISIMONI FG, 1980, J SPEECH HEAR RES, V23, P511 DOLLAGHAN CA, 1990, J SPEECH HEAR DISORD, V55, P582 DOYLE PJ, 1994, CLIN APHASIOL, V22, P135 DOYLE PJ, 1998, 1 NAT M VA REH RES D Doyle PJ, 2000, APHASIOLOGY, V14, P537 Erickson RJ, 1996, BRAIN COGNITION, V30, P244, DOI 10.1006/brcg.1996.0016 Frattali C, 1995, AM SPEECH LANGUAGE H Goodglass H., 2001, ASSESSMENT APHASIA R, V3rd GOPHER D, 1982, J EXP PSYCHOL HUMAN, V8, P146, DOI 10.1037/0096-1523.8.1.146 Granier JP, 2000, APHASIOLOGY, V14, P501 Hirst W., 1987, J EXPT PSYCHOL GEN, V116, P63 Holland A., 1980, COMMUNICATIVE ABILIT Hula WD, 2003, APHASIOLOGY, V17, P523, DOI 10.1080/02687030344000139 ISREAL JB, 1980, PSYCHOPHYSIOLOGY, V17, P259, DOI 10.1111/j.1469-8986.1980.tb00146.x Kahneman D., 1973, ATTENTION EFFORT Kertesz A., 1982, W APHASIA BATTERY LIVELY SE, 1993, J ACOUST SOC AM, V93, P2962, DOI 10.1121/1.405815 LOMAS J, 1989, J SPEECH HEAR DISORD, V54, P113 Matthews G., 1991, HUM PERFORM, V4, P107, DOI 10.1207/s15327043hup0402_2 MCLEOD P, 1977, Q J EXP PSYCHOL, V29, P651, DOI 10.1080/14640747708400639 McNeil M. R., 1978, REVISED TOKEN TEST McNeil MR, 2001, APHASIOLOGY, V15, P991 McNeil MR, 2002, APHASIOLOGY, V16, P815, DOI 10.1080/02687030244000284 MCNEIL MR, 1999, VA REH RES DEV C WAS MCNEIL MR, 1991, CLIN APHASIOLOGY, V20, P21 Murray LL, 2000, BRAIN LANG, V72, P40, DOI 10.1006/brln.1999.2281 Murray LL, 1999, APHASIOLOGY, V13, P91, DOI 10.1080/026870399402226 Murray LL, 1998, J SPEECH LANG HEAR R, V41, P213 Murray LL, 1997, J SPEECH LANG HEAR R, V40, P792 Murray LL, 1997, APHASIOLOGY, V11, P401, DOI 10.1080/02687039708248480 NAVON D, 1990, B PSYCHONOMIC SOC, V28, P155 Navon D., 1980, ATTENTION PERFORM, P297 NAVON D, 1984, PSYCHOL REV, V91, P216, DOI 10.1037/0033-295X.91.2.216 NAVON D, 1979, PSYCHOL REV, V86, P214, DOI 10.1037/0033-295X.86.3.214 Nicholas Linda E., 1995, Journal of Speech and Hearing Research, V38, P145 NICHOLAS LE, 1993, J SPEECH HEAR RES, V36, P338 Paul R., 2001, LANGUAGE DISORDERS I PAYNE DG, 1994, HUM FACTORS, V36, P441 Porch B. E., 1981, PORCH INDEX COMMUNIC Rochon E, 2000, BRAIN LANG, V72, P193, DOI 10.1006/brln.1999.2285 ROSENBAUM DA, 1980, J EXP PSYCHOL GEN, V109, P444, DOI 10.1037/0096-3445.109.4.444 SAFFRAN EM, 1989, BRAIN LANG, V37, P440, DOI 10.1016/0093-934X(89)90030-8 Sarno MT, 1969, FUNCTIONAL COMMUNICA SCHMIDT R, 1991, MOTOR CONTROL LEARNI SCHMIDT RA, 1977, J MOTOR BEHAV, V9, P101, DOI 10.1080/00222895.1977.10735099 SIREVAAG EJ, 1989, ACTA PSYCHOL, V70, P77, DOI 10.1016/0001-6918(89)90061-9 Slansky BL, 1997, APHASIOLOGY, V11, P461, DOI 10.1080/02687039708248484 TSENG CH, 1993, BRAIN LANG, V45, P276, DOI 10.1006/brln.1993.1046 WICKENS C, 1983, SCIENCE, V221, P1080, DOI 10.1126/science.6879207 WICKENS CD, 1976, J EXP PSYCHOL HUMAN, V2, P1 Wickens C. D., 1984, VARIETIES ATTENTION, P63 WICKENS CD, 1986, HDB PERCEPTION HUMAN, P1 WICKENS CD, 1977, HUM FACTORS, V9, P365 Wilkinson G. S., 1993, WIDE RANGE ACHIEVEME NR 62 TC 9 Z9 9 PU PSYCHOLOGY PRESS PI HOVE PA 27 CHURCH RD, HOVE BN3 2FA, EAST SUSSEX, ENGLAND SN 0268-7038 J9 APHASIOLOGY JI Aphasiology PD MAY-JUL PY 2004 VL 18 IS 5-7 BP 521 EP 542 DI 10.1080/02687030444000138 PG 22 WC Clinical Neurology SC Neurosciences & Neurology GA 817NC UT WOS:000221183200008 ER PT J AU Antonucci, SM Beeson, PM Rapcsak, SZ AF Antonucci, SM Beeson, PM Rapcsak, SZ TI Anomia in patients with left inferior temporal lobe lesions SO APHASIOLOGY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 33rd Annual Clinical Aphasiology Conference CY MAY, 2003 CL Orcas Isl, WA ID SEMANTIC DEMENTIA; OBJECT RECOGNITION; LANGUAGE AREA; IMPAIRMENT; REGIONS; ACTIVATION; LOBECTOMY; KNOWLEDGE; ATROPHY; ANEMIA AB Background: Damage to left inferior temporal cortex has been associated with naming deficits resulting either from impaired access to phonological word forms (pure anomia) or from degraded semantic knowledge (semantic anomia). Neuropsychological evidence indicates that pure anomia may follow damage to posterior inferior temporal cortex (BA 37), whereas semantic anomia is associated with damage to more anterior temporal lobe regions (BA 20, 21, 38). By contrast, some investigators have suggested that it is the overall severity of anomia, rather than the nature of the underlying cognitive impairment, that is affected by the anterior extent of the lesion. Aims: To examine the naming performance of patients with left inferior temporal lobe damage and determine whether anterior extension of the lesion influences the nature and/or the severity of the naming impairment. Methods & Procedures: Eight participants with focal damage to left inferior temporal cortex completed a battery of language measures that included confrontation naming, semantic processing, and single-word reading and spelling. Degree and type of anomia was examined relative to anterior lesion extension using both visual inspection and statistical analyses. Outcomes & Results: Naming performance ranged from unimpaired to severely defective, with only two participants demonstrating an additional mild impairment of semantic knowledge. The underlying mechanism of anomia seemed to be degraded access to phonological word forms in all participants, regardless of lesion configuration. The severity of the naming impairment was positively correlated with anterior extension of the lesion towards the temporal pole, although additional analyses suggested that these findings were significantly influenced by participant age. Naming was not correlated with performance on the nonverbal semantic task or any other demographic variable. Conclusions: The behavioural and neuroanatomical findings provide modest support for the hypothesis that a relationship exists between anterior lesion extension and the severity of concomitant anomia in patients with left inferior temporal lobe damage. The data suggest that such lesions may disconnect relatively preserved semantic knowledge from regions critical for access to phonological word forms. However, additional research is needed to discern to what extent age and individual variability temper these effects. C1 Univ Arizona, Dept Speech & Hearing Sci, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA. Univ Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA. So Arizona VA Hlth Care Syst, Tucson, AZ USA. RP Antonucci, SM (reprint author), Univ Arizona, Dept Speech & Hearing Sci, POB 210071, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA. EM sharonnj@u.arizona.edu CR ALBERT MS, 1988, PSYCHOL AGING, V3, P173, DOI 10.1037//0882-7974.3.2.173 Bell I, 2000, SOUTHERN J PHILOS, V38, P1 BENSON DF, 1979, STUDIES NEUROLINGUIS, V4 BENSON DF, 1985, CLIN NEUROLOGY, V1 Biederman I, 1997, NEUROPSYCHOLOGIA, V35, P271, DOI 10.1016/S0028-3932(96)00075-9 BINDER J, 2001, HDB FUNCTIONAL NEURO, pCH7 BURNSTINE TH, 1990, NEUROLOGY, V40, P966 Damasio H, 1996, NATURE, V381, P810 Damasio H, 1996, NATURE, V380, P499, DOI 10.1038/380499a0 DERENZI E, 1987, BRAIN, V110, P1099 DEsposito M, 1997, NEUROPSYCHOLOGIA, V35, P725, DOI 10.1016/S0028-3932(96)00121-2 Foundas AL, 1998, NEUROCASE, V4, P35, DOI 10.1080/13554799808410605 FREIDMAN L, 1998, BRAIN LANG, V64, P231 Glosser G, 2001, NEUROPSYCHOLOGY, V15, P39, DOI 10.1037/0894-4105.15.1.39 Goodglass H., 1993, UNDERSTANDING APHASI Graham K, 1995, NEUROCASE, V1, P25 Hermann BP, 1999, NEUROPSYCHOLOGY, V13, P3, DOI 10.1037//0894-4105.13.1.3 HODGES JR, 1992, BRAIN, V115, P1783, DOI 10.1093/brain/115.6.1783 Howard D., 1992, PYRAMIDS PALM TREES Ivnik RJ, 1996, CLIN NEUROPSYCHOL, V10, P262, DOI 10.1080/13854049608406689 Kaplan E, 1983, BOSTON NAMING TEST Kertesz A., 1982, W APHASIA BATTERY Ralph MAL, 2001, J COGNITIVE NEUROSCI, V13, P341, DOI 10.1162/08989290151137395 LUDERS H, 1991, BRAIN, V114, P743, DOI 10.1093/brain/114.2.743 MARTIN A, 1995, SCIENCE, V270, P102, DOI 10.1126/science.270.5233.102 Mitrushina M. N., 1999, HDB NORMATIVE DATA N Moore CJ, 1999, NEUROIMAGE, V10, P181, DOI 10.1006/nimg.1999.0450 Mummery CJ, 2000, ANN NEUROL, V47, P36 Mummery CJ, 1999, BRAIN, V122, P61, DOI 10.1093/brain/122.1.61 Mummery CJ, 1996, P ROY SOC B-BIOL SCI, V263, P989, DOI 10.1098/rspb.1996.0146 Murtha S, 1999, J COGNITIVE NEUROSCI, V11, P399, DOI 10.1162/089892999563508 PIETRINI V, 1988, J NEUROL NEUROSUR PS, V51, P1284, DOI 10.1136/jnnp.51.10.1284 Price CJ, 1996, P ROY SOC B-BIOL SCI, V263, P1501, DOI 10.1098/rspb.1996.0219 RAPCSAK SZ, IN PRESS NEUROLOGY Raymer AM, 1997, BRAIN LANG, V58, P137, DOI 10.1006/brln.1997.1786 Rorden C, 2000, BEHAV NEUROL, V12, P191 SAKURAI Y, 1994, J NEUROL NEUROSUR PS, V57, P609, DOI 10.1136/jnnp.57.5.609 Schmolck H, 2002, HIPPOCAMPUS, V12, P520, DOI 10.1002/hipo.10039 Tombaugh TN, 1997, J CLIN EXP NEUROPSYC, V19, P922, DOI 10.1080/01688639708403773 Vandenberghe R, 1996, NATURE, V383, P254, DOI 10.1038/383254a0 WARRINGTON EK, 1984, BRAIN, V107, P829, DOI 10.1093/brain/107.3.829 Whatmough C., 2002, HDB ADULT LANGUAGE D, P143 NR 42 TC 7 Z9 7 PU PSYCHOLOGY PRESS PI HOVE PA 27 CHURCH RD, HOVE BN3 2FA, EAST SUSSEX, ENGLAND SN 0268-7038 J9 APHASIOLOGY JI Aphasiology PD MAY-JUL PY 2004 VL 18 IS 5-7 BP 543 EP 554 DI 10.1080/02687030444000219 PG 12 WC Clinical Neurology SC Neurosciences & Neurology GA 817NC UT WOS:000221183200009 ER PT J AU Wright, HH Newhoff, M AF Wright, HH Newhoff, M TI Priming auditory comprehension in aphasia: Facilitation and interference effects SO APHASIOLOGY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 33rd Annual Clinical Aphasiology Conference CY MAY, 2003 CL Orcas Isl, WA ID CONTEXTUAL INFLUENCES; WORKING-MEMORY; SYNTACTIC COMPREHENSION; SENTENCE COMPREHENSION; INFERENCE REVISION; TIME-COURSE; DISCOURSE; ADULTS AB Background: Researchers have shown that adults with aphasia often demonstrate better comprehension for discourse than for single sentences. Investigations have included presenting preceding linguistic context to facilitate comprehension of target sentences in adults with aphasia. Priming paradigms have also been used to investigate sentence and discourse processing in adults with aphasia. In priming studies, significantly faster reaction times to related lexical probes compared to unrelated probes indicate the information activated during processing. However, the possible influence of the lexical probe on participants' comprehension of target sentences is unknown. It has been suggested that linguistic context provides redundant information that may allow the limited processing resources available to adults with aphasia to be adequately distributed to meet task demands; possibly, a related lexical probe, as opposed to other probe types, serves a similar purpose. Aims: The objective of the current study was to examine the influence of related, incorrect, and neutral lexical probes on comprehension of sentence pairs by participants with aphasia and neurologically intact participants (NI). Methods & Procedures: A total of 40 adults (20 presented with aphasia, 20 NI) participated in a cross-modal task. Stimuli were sentence pairs that required revision of the interpretation of the first sentence for adequate comprehension to occur. Participants listened to sentence pairs and completed a lexical decision task following each sentence pair. Lexical decisions consisted of target words that represented either the intended (revised) interpretation, initial (incorrect) interpretation, a neutral word (unrelated to the sentence pair's meaning), or a nonword. Following each sentence pair, participants answered four yes/no questions pertaining to the respective sentence pair. Outcomes & Results: Results indicated that adults with aphasia and NI participants answered correctly significantly more questions when the lexical probe represented the intended interpretation of the sentence pair as compared to the baseline condition (neutral word). Also, participants missed significantly more questions when the lexical probe represented the initial (incorrect) interpretation as compared to the baseline. Conclusions: Results of the study indicated that the type of probe presented influenced participants' comprehension of the sentence pairs. It is suggested that the presence of the inference revision target probe allowed participants to overcome limitations in working memory capacity or processing resources available to complete the task. Additionally, the initial inference target probe overextended participants' working memory capacity limits or available processing resources; thus, they did not perform as well during this condition. C1 Univ Kentucky, Div Commun Disorders, Lexington, KY 40536 USA. San Diego State Univ, San Diego, CA 92182 USA. RP Wright, HH (reprint author), Univ Kentucky, Div Commun Disorders, CHS Bldg,900 S Limestone, Lexington, KY 40536 USA. EM hhwrig2@uky.edu CR BOYLE M, 1986, CLIN APHASIOLOGY, V16, P38 BROOKSHIRE RH, 1984, BRAIN LANG, V21, P21, DOI 10.1016/0093-934X(84)90033-6 Cannito MP, 1996, APHASIOLOGY, V10, P235, DOI 10.1080/02687039608248410 CANNITO MP, 1986, BRAIN LANG, V27, P38, DOI 10.1016/0093-934X(86)90003-9 Caspari I, 1998, BRAIN COGNITION, V37, P205, DOI 10.1006/brcg.1997.0970 FOLSTEIN MF, 1975, J PSYCHIAT RES, V12, P189, DOI 10.1016/0022-3956(75)90026-6 GERMANI MJ, 1992, BRAIN LANG, V42, P308, DOI 10.1016/0093-934X(92)90103-L HOUGH MS, 1993, NARRATIVE DISCOURSE IN NEUROLOGICALLY IMPAIRED AND NORMAL AGING ADULTS, P213 HOUGH MS, 1989, BRAIN LANG, V36, P325, DOI 10.1016/0093-934X(89)90069-2 Hough MS, 1997, APHASIOLOGY, V11, P235, DOI 10.1080/02687039708248467 Kertesz A., 1982, W APHASIA BATTERY Kintsch W., 1998, COMPREHENSION PARADI LaPointe L. L., 1998, READING COMPREHENSIO LONG DL, 1994, J EXP PSYCHOL LEARN, V20, P1456, DOI 10.1037/0278-7393.20.6.1456 McNeil M. R., 1981, CLIN APHASIOLOGY, V10, P342 MCNEIL MR, 1991, CLIN APHASIOLOGY, V20, P21 MIYAKE A, 1995, COGNITIVE NEUROPSYCH, V12, P651, DOI 10.1080/02643299508252012 MIYAKE A, 1994, COGNITIVE NEUROPSYCH, V11, P671, DOI 10.1080/02643299408251989 PIERCE RS, 1991, APHASIOLOGY, V5, P379, DOI 10.1080/02687039108248539 PIERCE RS, 1985, J COMMUN DISORD, V18, P203, DOI 10.1016/0021-9924(85)90021-8 PIERCE RS, 1985, J SPEECH HEAR RES, V28, P250 Proctor A, 2000, BRAIN INJURY, V14, P633 Ronnberg J, 1996, SCAND J PSYCHOL, V37, P46, DOI 10.1111/j.1467-9450.1996.tb00638.x TILL RE, 1988, MEM COGNITION, V16, P283, DOI 10.3758/BF03197039 TOMPKINS CA, 1994, J SPEECH HEAR RES, V37, P896 WRIGHT HH, IN PRESS BRAIN LANGU Wright HH, 2002, BRAIN LANG, V80, P226, DOI 10.1006/brln.2001.2595 NR 27 TC 2 Z9 2 PU PSYCHOLOGY PRESS PI HOVE PA 27 CHURCH RD, HOVE BN3 2FA, EAST SUSSEX, ENGLAND SN 0268-7038 J9 APHASIOLOGY JI Aphasiology PD MAY-JUL PY 2004 VL 18 IS 5-7 BP 555 EP 565 DI 10.1080/02687030444000192 PG 11 WC Clinical Neurology SC Neurosciences & Neurology GA 817NC UT WOS:000221183200010 ER PT J AU Edmonds, LA Kiran, S AF Edmonds, LA Kiran, S TI Confrontation naming and semantic relatedness judgements in Spanish/English bilinguals SO APHASIOLOGY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 33rd Annual Clinical Aphasiology Conference CY MAY, 2003 CL Orcas Isl, WA ID WORD TRANSLATION; ENGLISH; REPRESENTATION; SPANISH; LANGUAGES; SPEAKERS; MEMORY; BRAIN AB Background: The results of many current studies on naming in bilingualism have provided converging evidence for a semantic representation common to both languages within a bilingual individual. However, the interaction between lexical access and semantic representation in bilinguals is relatively unclear. Aims: To further understand this relationship in normal bilingual individuals, we asked the following questions: (1) Is there homogeneity in naming accuracy for both languages across subjects? We predicted that naming accuracy would differ across subjects based on their proficiency levels in each language. (2) After separating subjects into groups based on their proficiency levels (balanced, Spanish dominant, English dominant), is there a difference in their mean ratings of the semantic similarity of word pairs across proficiency groups? According to the mixed model (De Groot, Dannenburg, & van Hell, 1994), it was predicted that similar mean ratings would be observed across all groups. Methods & Procedures: A total of 23 Spanish/English bilinguals (average age = 35.5 years) completed a confrontation naming task and a semantic relatedness questionnaire in both languages. The same set of stimuli, controlled for various factors, was used for each task in both languages and counterbalanced by language across two sessions. Based on naming performances, participants were assigned to the balanced bilingual (N = 10), English dominant (N = 10), or Spanish dominant (N = 3) group (Kohnert, Hernandez, & Bates, 1998). Outcomes & Results: Overall English mean correct was 94.29%; Spanish was 88.19%. Significant differences in naming were seen between groups, F(2, 85) = 4.3, p = .01, and within the language dominant groups across subjects (p < .05) and items (p < .05). On the semantic relatedness task, no significant difference was observed between the ratings of word pairs in each language across participants or items in any group. Conclusions: Despite differences in lexical access, participants in all proficiency groups rated word pairs similarly, indicating a shared semantic representation for both languages. The mixed model (de Groot et al., 1994) can explain the findings for all groups. Results of this study have clinical implications for bilingual aphasic patients. It is imperative to ascertain a patient's pre-morbid language use prior to brain damage in order to gauge pre-morbid proficiencies. Treatment should consider proficiency levels in both languages, with consideration that the strength of connections between each lexicon and from each lexicon to semantic memory may differ. C1 Univ Texas, Dept Commun Sci & Disorders, Austin, TX 78712 USA. RP Edmonds, LA (reprint author), Univ Texas, Dept Commun Sci & Disorders, Jones Commun Bldg,CMA A2-200,Mail Code A1100, Austin, TX 78712 USA. EM lisaedmonds@mail.utexas.edu CR *AM SPEECH LANG HE, 1989, OFF MIN NEWSL, V10 *AM SPEECH LANG HE, 1991, 3366101 ASHA CARAMAZZA A, 1980, CAN J PSYCHOL, V34, P77, DOI 10.1037/h0081016 Chee MWL, 1999, J NEUROSCI, V19, P3050 DEGROOT AMB, 1992, J EXP PSYCHOL LEARN, V18, P1001, DOI 10.1037/0278-7393.18.5.1001 DEGROOT AMB, 1994, J MEM LANG, V33, P600, DOI 10.1006/jmla.1994.1029 DUFOUR R, 1995, MEM COGNITION, V23, P166, DOI 10.3758/BF03197219 FRANCES N, 1982, FREQUENCTY ANAL ENGL Francis WS, 1999, PSYCHOL BULL, V125, P193, DOI 10.1037/0033-2909.125.2.193 Goodglass H, 1998, APHASIOLOGY, V12, P287, DOI 10.1080/02687039808249534 Hermans D., 1998, BILING-LANG COGN, V1, P213, DOI DOI 10.1017/S1366728998000364 Hernandez AE, 2001, NEUROIMAGE, V14, P510, DOI 10.1006/nimg.2001.0810 Illes J, 1999, BRAIN LANG, V70, P347, DOI 10.1006/brln.1999.2186 Juilland A., 1964, FREQUENCY DICT SPANI Kaplan E, 1983, BOSTON NAMING TEST KLEIN D, 1995, P NATL ACAD SCI USA, V92, P2899, DOI 10.1073/pnas.92.7.2899 Kohnert KJ, 1998, BRAIN LANG, V65, P422, DOI 10.1006/brln.1998.2001 Kohnert KJ, 1999, J SPEECH LANG HEAR R, V42, P1400 Kremin H, 2003, BRAIN COGNITION, V53, P243, DOI 10.1016/S0278-2626(03)00119-2 Kroll J. F., 1988, PRACTICAL ASPECTS ME, V2, P389 Kroll J. F., 1990, 31 ANN M PSYCH SOC N KROLL JF, 1994, J MEM LANG, V33, P149, DOI 10.1006/jmla.1994.1008 Munoz ML, 1999, BRAIN LANG, V66, P249, DOI 10.1006/brln.1998.2021 Pallier C, 2001, PSYCHOL SCI, V12, P445, DOI 10.1111/1467-9280.00383 Perani D, 1996, NEUROREPORT, V7, P2439, DOI 10.1097/00001756-199611040-00007 POTTER MC, 1984, J VERB LEARN VERB BE, V23, P23, DOI 10.1016/S0022-5371(84)90489-4 Roberts P. M., 2002, APHASIOLOGY, V16, P635, DOI DOI 10.1080/02687030244000220 Roberts PM, 1999, J COMMUN DISORD, V32, P1, DOI 10.1016/S0021-9924(98)00026-4 Roelofs A, 2003, LANG COGNITIVE PROC, V18, P175, DOI 10.1080/01690960143000515 Wartenburger I, 2003, NEURON, V37, P159, DOI 10.1016/S0896-6273(02)01150-9 NR 30 TC 17 Z9 17 PU PSYCHOLOGY PRESS PI HOVE PA 27 CHURCH RD, HOVE BN3 2FA, EAST SUSSEX, ENGLAND SN 0268-7038 J9 APHASIOLOGY JI Aphasiology PD MAY-JUL PY 2004 VL 18 IS 5-7 BP 567 EP 579 DI 10.1080/02687030444000057 PG 13 WC Clinical Neurology SC Neurosciences & Neurology GA 817NC UT WOS:000221183200011 ER PT J AU Hough, MS AF Hough, MS TI Generative word fluency skills in adults with Parkinson's disease SO APHASIOLOGY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 33rd Annual Clinical Aphasiology Conference CY MAY, 2003 CL Orcas Isl, WA ID VERBAL FLUENCY; NOUNS; COMPREHENSION; AGRAMMATISM; DIFFICULTY; DEMENTIA; PATTERNS; TASKS AB Background: Studies addressing cognitive function of adults with Parkinson's disease (PD) have revealed inconsistencies relative to language disturbances. Whereas some researchers have observed no evidence to support language dysfunction on semantic/generative naming tasks, others have found that adults with PD display decreased performance on these tasks. Generative naming may be problematic for adults with PD but its usefulness as a predictor for identifying cognitive impairment in this population is unclear. Aims: The purpose of the investigation was to examine performance of a group of 20 PD individuals and an age-, education-, and gender-matched control group of 20 individuals on generative naming tasks for nouns, verbs, and adjectives. The primary hypothesis was that the adults with PD would demonstrate a deficit in verb generation. Methods & Procedures: All participants with PD had a diagnosis based on the presence of two of three classic PD signs, bradykinesia, resting tremor, and rigidity, as determined by a neurologist. All participants were native English speakers, had normal or corrected vision, passed a hearing screening, and had no history of developmental disabilities, head injury, or substance abuse. There were no significant differences between groups on premorbid Full Scale IQ or cognitive functioning as measured by the MMSE. The experimental procedure consisted of noun, verb, and adjective fluency tasks. Participants were instructed to name as many exemplars as possible in 60 seconds for each part of speech. Scores were based on total number and percentage of accurate responses. Outcomes & Results: Both groups produced significantly more nouns than verbs and adjectives. Percentage of accuracy data revealed that: (1) the control group was significantly more accurate than the Parkinson's group; (2) the Parkinson's group was significantly less accurate than controls on adjective generation; and (3) significantly higher accuracy was observed for nouns and verbs than adjectives across groups. Overall word retrieval performance as measured by the Test of Adolescent/Adult Word Finding was significantly related to adjective generation only. Conclusions: The group with PD exhibited an impairment in adjective generation as compared to controls. Mental representations for adjectives appear to be more multifaceted than representations for nouns and verbs. The increased complexity of semantic networks for adjectives may be vulnerable to the effects of brain damage associated with PD. C1 E Carolina Univ, Greenville, NC 27858 USA. RP Hough, MS (reprint author), E Carolina Univ, Greenville, NC 27858 USA. EM HoughM@Mail.ecu.edu CR *ASHA AD HOC COMM, 1992, ASHA, V34, P81 Azuma T, 1997, NEUROPSYCHOLOGY, V11, P488, DOI 10.1037//0894-4105.11.4.488 Barbosa ER, 1997, PSYCHIAT CLIN N AM, V20, P769, DOI 10.1016/S0193-953X(05)70344-0 BARONA A, 1984, J CONSULT CLIN PSYCH, V52, P885, DOI 10.1037/0022-006X.52.5.885 Barrett AM, 2000, NEUROLOGY, V54, P1258 Bayles K., 1997, J MED SPEECH-LANG PA, V5, P157 BAYLES KA, 1993, J CLIN EXP NEUROPSYC, V15, P547, DOI 10.1080/01688639308402578 Beatty W W, 1989, J Geriatr Psychiatry Neurol, V2, P145, DOI 10.1177/089198878900200305 Colcher A, 1999, MED CLIN N AM, V83, P327, DOI 10.1016/S0025-7125(05)70107-3 Duffy J.R, 1995, MOTOR SPEECH DISORDE FOLSTEIN MF, 1975, J PSYCHIAT RES, V12, P189, DOI 10.1016/0022-3956(75)90026-6 Freed D., 2000, MOTOR SPEECH DISORDE German DJ, 1990, TEST ADOLESCENT ADUL Goodglass H., 1966, CORTEX, V2, P74 Kim M, 2000, BRAIN LANG, V74, P1, DOI 10.1006/brin.2000.2315 Lubinski R., 1997, COMMUNICATION TECHNO, P1 MICELI G, 1984, CORTEX, V20, P207 MICELI G, 1988, APHASIOLOGY, V2, P351, DOI 10.1080/02687038808248937 Piatt AL, 1999, J CLIN EXP NEUROPSYC, V21, P435, DOI 10.1076/jcen.21.4.435.885 PIERCE RS, 1984, BRAIN LANG, V22, P339, DOI 10.1016/0093-934X(84)90098-1 RASKIN SA, 1992, NEUROPSYCHOLOGIA, V30, P95, DOI 10.1016/0028-3932(92)90018-H ROSEBERRYMCKIBB.C, 2000, NEUROLOGICALLY BASED, P411 RUBENSTE.H, 1971, J VERB LEARN VERB BE, V10, P57, DOI 10.1016/S0022-5371(71)80094-4 Savage CR, 1997, PSYCHIAT CLIN N AM, V20, P911, DOI 10.1016/S0193-953X(05)70352-X SIMPSON G, 1981, J VERB LEARN VERB BE, V20, P121 YORKSTON KM, 1997, COMMUNICATION TECHNO, P235 ZINGESER LB, 1990, BRAIN LANG, V39, P14, DOI 10.1016/0093-934X(90)90002-X NR 27 TC 4 Z9 4 PU PSYCHOLOGY PRESS PI HOVE PA 27 CHURCH RD, HOVE BN3 2FA, EAST SUSSEX, ENGLAND SN 0268-7038 J9 APHASIOLOGY JI Aphasiology PD MAY-JUL PY 2004 VL 18 IS 5-7 BP 581 EP 588 DI 10.1080/02687030444000101 PG 8 WC Clinical Neurology SC Neurosciences & Neurology GA 817NC UT WOS:000221183200012 ER PT J AU Hough, MS AF Hough, MS TI Naming and category concept generation in older adults with and without dementia SO APHASIOLOGY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 33rd Annual Clinical Aphasiology Conference CY MAY, 2003 CL Orcas Isl, WA ID ALZHEIMERS-DISEASE; SEMANTIC MEMORY; CATEGORIZATION; ORGANIZATION; INFORMATION; IMPAIRMENT; KNOWLEDGE; APHASIA; CONTEXT; ERRORS AB Background: An intact semantic memory system is vital for accurate naming of objects; naming failures exhibited by individuals with dementia have been a means of identifying the nature of the semantic memory impairment. However, naming impairment has also been reported in healthy older adults. Categorisation is a process of concept formation within semantic memory. Category type influences ability to synthesise category concepts. Studies investigating categorisation skills in adults with dementia have revealed deterioration in conceptual knowledge as compared to age-matched healthy cohorts. Aims: It is hypothesised that normal older adults are impaired at the lexical access stage of word retrieval; those with dementia have deficits in the earlier concept identification stages of word retrieval and lexical access difficulties. Methods & Procedures: A group of adults with dementia of the Alzheimer's type (DAT) and a group of normal elderly adults were examined on naming and category concept generation tasks relative to accuracy and error types. Participants were 15 adults with DAT and 15 age-, education-, and gender-matched neurologically intact adults. MMSE results supported division of two groups. All participants were native English speakers, literate, with normal hearing. Experimental tasks were the Test of Adolescent/Adult Word Finding (TAWF) and a category concept generation task (CCGT). For the CCGT, participants were presented with four category examples for common and goal-directed categories and instructed to provide a category label. Context vignettes accompanied category examples for half the categories. Outcomes & Results: For the TAWF, there were no significant group differences for standard scores. Further analysis revealed that: (1) the control group performed significantly poorer on picture naming: nouns than any other subtest; (2) normal controls performed better than the DAT group on all subtests except picture naming: nouns; and (3) the DAT group performed significantly worse on category naming than all other subtests. Analysis of CCGT revealed that: (1) normal controls performed better than the DAT participants on goal-directed categories with context but not without context; (2) performance was higher for goal-directed categories with context for controls only; and (3) performance was higher on common than goal-directed categories without context for controls. Conclusions: The results indicate that normal older adults are impaired in lexical access; those with DAT have deficits in the earlier conceptual stages of word retrieval in addition to lexical access difficulties. DAT participants especially had difficulty with category naming. The DAT adults showed minimal differences in performance from a no-context to context condition. The findings support previous research that adults with DAT display semantic memory impairments. C1 E Carolina Univ, Greenville, NC 27858 USA. RP Hough, MS (reprint author), E Carolina Univ, Greenville, NC 27858 USA. EM HoughM@Mail.ecu.edu CR ALBERT MS, 1988, PSYCHOL AGING, V3, P173, DOI 10.1037//0882-7974.3.2.173 *ASHA AD HOC COMM, 1992, ASHA, V34, P81 AU R, 1991, HDB GERIATRIC COMMUN, P293 BARONA A, 1984, J CONSULT CLIN PSYCH, V52, P885, DOI 10.1037/0022-006X.52.5.885 BARSALOU L, 1983, MEM COGNITION, V8, P211 BARSALOU LW, 1982, MEM COGNITION, V10, P82, DOI 10.3758/BF03197629 Bayles K. A., 1987, COMMUNICATION COGNIT BAYLES KA, 1991, J COGNITIVE NEUROSCI, V3, P166, DOI 10.1162/jocn.1991.3.2.166 BAYLES KA, 1990, BRAIN LANG, V39, P498, DOI 10.1016/0093-934X(90)90158-D BINETTI G, 1995, J CLIN EXP NEUROPSYC, V17, P82, DOI 10.1080/13803399508406584 BOWLES NL, 1987, CORTEX, V23, P519 BOWLES NL, 1985, J GERONTOL, V40, P71 CARR TH, 1982, J EXP PSYCHOL HUMAN, V8, P757, DOI 10.1037//0096-1523.8.6.757 CHAN AS, 1993, J COGNITIVE NEUROSCI, V5, P254, DOI 10.1162/jocn.1993.5.2.254 Dunn LM, 1997, PEABODY PICTURE VOCA EMERY OB, 1989, EXPT AGING RES, V14, P181 FOLSTEIN MF, 1975, J PSYCHIAT RES, V12, P189, DOI 10.1016/0022-3956(75)90026-6 German DJ, 1990, TEST ADOLESCENT ADUL GOULET P, 1994, J SPEECH HEAR RES, V37, P629 HERLITZ A, 1991, J CLIN EXP NEUROPSYC, V13, P559, DOI 10.1080/01688639108401071 HODGES JR, 1992, NEUROPSYCHOLOGIA, V30, P301, DOI 10.1016/0028-3932(92)90104-T HOUGH MS, 1992, NIH QUAL LIF AG C WA HOUGH MS, 1993, APHASIOLOGY, V7, P335, DOI 10.1080/02687039308249515 HOUGH MS, 1988, THESIS KENT STATE U HOUGH MS, 1998, ANN CLIN APH C ASH N HOUGH MS, 1989, APHASIOLOGY, V3, P553, DOI 10.1080/02687038908249022 HUFF FJ, 1986, BRAIN LANG, V28, P235, DOI 10.1016/0093-934X(86)90103-3 MCKHANN G, 1984, NEUROLOGY, V34, P939 MEDIN DL, 1984, ANNU REV PSYCHOL, V35, P113, DOI 10.1146/annurev.ps.35.020184.000553 MERVIS CB, 1981, ANNU REV PSYCHOL, V32, P89, DOI 10.1146/annurev.ps.32.020181.000513 Nicholas M, 1996, BRAIN LANG, V54, P184, DOI 10.1006/brln.1996.0070 ROSCH E, 1975, COGNITIVE PSYCHOL, V7, P573, DOI 10.1016/0010-0285(75)90024-9 ROSCH E, 1975, J EXP PSYCHOL GEN, V104, P192, DOI 10.1037//0096-3445.104.3.192 SHUTTLEWORTH EC, 1988, BRAIN LANG, V34, P222, DOI 10.1016/0093-934X(88)90134-4 SOMMERS LM, 1990, APHASIOLOGY, V4, P573, DOI 10.1080/02687039008248508 Tulving Endel, 1983, ELEMENTS EPISODIC ME Ventry I M, 1983, ASHA, V25, P37 NR 37 TC 6 Z9 6 PU PSYCHOLOGY PRESS PI HOVE PA 27 CHURCH RD, HOVE BN3 2FA, EAST SUSSEX, ENGLAND SN 0268-7038 J9 APHASIOLOGY JI Aphasiology PD MAY-JUL PY 2004 VL 18 IS 5-7 BP 589 EP 597 DI 10.1080/02687030444000110 PG 9 WC Clinical Neurology SC Neurosciences & Neurology GA 817NC UT WOS:000221183200013 ER PT J AU Wiener, DA Connor, LT Obler, LK AF Wiener, DA Connor, LT Obler, LK TI Inhibition and auditory comprehension in Wernicke's aphasia SO APHASIOLOGY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 33rd Annual Clinical Aphasiology Conference CY MAY, 2003 CL Orcas Isl, WA ID OLDER ADULTS; INTERFERENCE; INDIVIDUALS; ALLOCATION; ATTENTION; TIME AB Background: While research findings support the presence of inefficiencies in allocation of attention in individuals with aphasia, the cognitive mechanisms behind these inefficiencies remain unclear. One mechanism that would affect resource allocation for selective processing is an impaired inhibitory mechanism which, when normally functioning, would actively suppress distracting information. Aims: The purpose of this study was to investigate the cognitive process of inhibition, at the lexical-semantic level of language processing, and its relation to auditory comprehension in Wernicke's aphasia. Methods & Procedures: The classic Stroop Colour-Word Test was adapted to be applicable for use with an aphasic population. We administered this computerised manual-response, numerical version of the Stroop test to five individuals with Wernicke's aphasia and twelve age- and education-matched non-brain-injured controls. Correlations with Stroop interference examined associations with auditory comprehension as measured by the Token Test and the Complex Ideational Material subtest of the Boston Diagnostic Aphasia Examination. Outcomes & Results: Analysis of the Stroop reaction time and error percentage data indicated that the interference effect was significantly larger for the participants with Wernicke's aphasia than for the controls, without an accompanying increase in facilitation, reflecting an impairment of inhibition in Wernicke's aphasia. In addition, the magnitude of Stroop interference was significantly positively correlated with the clinical-behavioural symptom of severity of auditory comprehension deficits as measured by the Token Test. Conclusions: Findings support an impairment in inhibition at the lexical-semantic level of language processing in Wernicke's aphasia, reflecting the inability to effectively ignore the automatically evoked, distracting stimulus. The significant correlation between the Stroop interference effect and the severity of auditory comprehension deficits suggests that at least part of the attentional difficulties contributing to the striking reductions in auditory comprehension in this population can be attributed to impaired inhibition. Our findings expand upon our understanding of resource allocation in aphasia and reinforce our need to clinically assess and treat reductions in attention for maximised rehabilitation outcome. C1 Boston Univ, Sch Med, Boston, MA 02118 USA. Washington Univ, Sch Med, St Louis, MO USA. CUNY Grad Sch & Univ Ctr, New York, NY 10036 USA. RP Wiener, DA (reprint author), VA Med Ctr, Harold Goodglass Aphasia Res Ctr, 12A,150 S Huntington Ave, Boston, MA 02130 USA. EM WienerDobn@aol.com CR BALOTA DA, 1992, J EXP PSYCHOL HUMAN, V18, P485, DOI 10.1037/0096-1523.18.2.485 BLUMSTEIN SE, 1982, BRAIN LANG, V17, P301, DOI 10.1016/0093-934X(82)90023-2 BORADBENT DE, 1970, ATTENTION CONT THEOR Cohen J., 1988, STAT POWER ANAL BEHA, V2nd COHEN J, 1993, BEHAV RES METH INSTR, V25, P257, DOI 10.3758/BF03204507 Earles JL, 1997, AGING NEUROPSYCHOL C, V4, P45, DOI 10.1080/13825589708256635 FOLSTEIN MF, 1975, J PSYCHIAT RES, V12, P189, DOI 10.1016/0022-3956(75)90026-6 FOX LA, 1971, J EXP PSYCHOL, V91, P59, DOI 10.1037/h0031850 Goodglass H, 1983, ASSESSMENT APHASIA R, V2nd Hasher L., 1988, PSYCHOL LEARNING MOT, V22 MACLEOD CM, 1991, PSYCHOL BULL, V109, P163, DOI 10.1037//0033-2909.109.2.163 Maher B. A., 1983, PROGR EXPT PERSONALI, V12 MCNEIL MR, 1991, CLIN APHASIOLOGY, V20, P21 MESULAM MM, 1981, ANN NEUROL, V10, P309, DOI 10.1002/ana.410100402 MILBERG W, 1995, J COGNITIVE NEUROSCI, V7, P33, DOI 10.1162/jocn.1995.7.1.33 Murray LL, 1997, J SPEECH LANG HEAR R, V40, P792 OBLER LK, 1978, BRAIN LANG, V6, P318, DOI 10.1016/0093-934X(78)90065-2 Salthouse T. A., 1995, J GERONTOL B-PSYCHOL, V50, P297, DOI 10.1093/geronb/50B.6.P297 Sarno MT, 1969, FUNCTIONAL COMMUNICA SHOR RE, 1971, J GEN PSYCHOL, V85, P187 Spreen O., 1969, NEUROSENSORY CTR COM Stroop JR, 1935, J EXP PSYCHOL, V18, P643, DOI 10.1037/0096-3445.121.1.15 SULLIVAN MP, 1995, NEUROPSYCHOLOGY, V9, P537, DOI 10.1037//0894-4105.9.4.537 TIPPER SP, 1985, Q J EXP PSYCHOL-A, V37, P571 TSENG CH, 1993, BRAIN LANG, V45, P276, DOI 10.1006/brln.1993.1046 Verhaeghen P, 1998, PSYCHOL AGING, V13, P120, DOI 10.1037/0882-7974.13.1.120 WIENER DA, 2000, THESIS CITY U NEW YO WINDES JD, 1968, J EXP PSYCHOL, V78, P318, DOI 10.1037/h0026289 NR 28 TC 15 Z9 15 PU PSYCHOLOGY PRESS PI HOVE PA 27 CHURCH RD, HOVE BN3 2FA, EAST SUSSEX, ENGLAND SN 0268-7038 J9 APHASIOLOGY JI Aphasiology PD MAY-JUL PY 2004 VL 18 IS 5-7 BP 599 EP 609 DI 10.1080/02687030444000228 PG 11 WC Clinical Neurology SC Neurosciences & Neurology GA 817NC UT WOS:000221183200014 ER PT J AU Hallowell, B Douglas, N Wertz, RT Kim, S AF Hallowell, B Douglas, N Wertz, RT Kim, S TI Control and description of visual function in research on aphasia and related disorders SO APHASIOLOGY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 33rd Annual Clinical Aphasiology Conference CY MAY, 2003 CL Orcas Isl, WA ID ADULTS; SUBJECT AB Background: Most experimental and assessment tasks in studies of neurogenic language disorders rely on visual information processing. Failure to describe and/or control for visual function may lead to invalid data collection and interpretation. Aims: An empirical study was initiated to describe current practice and needs for improvement in the description of and control for visual acuity, colour perception, visual fields, visual attention, and oculomotor functions. Methods & Procedures: Data were collected from all articles (N = 668) on aphasia (subsequent to left hemisphere damage) and related language disorders (subsequent to TBI and right hemisphere damage) in adults published during a 10-year period in each of 17 journals. Outcomes & Results: Few authors control for or describe even basic aspects of vision. Conclusions: Specific needs and strategies for improvement are discussed. The need for improved continuing education concerning means of screening for various forms of visual function is highlighted. Researchers are encouraged to employ basic screenings corresponding to the visual functions implemented in their assessment and experimental tasks for a given study. Improved feedback to manuscript authors and those seeking grant funding regarding appropriate control for and description of visual function is advocated. C1 Ohio Univ, Sch Hearing Speech & Language Sci, Athens, OH 45701 USA. Munroe Reg Med Ctr, Ocala, FL USA. Tennessee Valley Healthcare Syst, Nashville, TN USA. Vanderbilt Univ, VA Med Ctr, Nashville, TN USA. RP Hallowell, B (reprint author), Ohio Univ, Sch Hearing Speech & Language Sci, W231 Grover Ctr, Athens, OH 45701 USA. EM hallowel@ohiou.edu CR BROOKSHIRE RH, 1983, J SPEECH HEAR DISORD, V48, P342 CHANG DF, 1995, GEN OPHTHALMOLOGY, P2 DENES G, 1982, BRAIN, V105, P542 Edman JA, 1987, CLIN REHABIL, V1, P273, DOI 10.1177/026921558700100403 EGGERS HM, 1995, GEN OPHTHALMOLOGY, P208 ERIE CJ, 1992, ESSENTAILS OPHTHALMO, P4 Fisk GD, 2002, ARCH PHYS MED REHAB, V83, P469, DOI 10.1053/apmr.2002.31179 Harrington D. O., 1990, VISUAL FIELDS HOHBERGER GG, 1992, ESSENTIALS OPHTHALMO, P254 Leonard CL, 1996, J SPEECH HEAR RES, V39, P406 LIESEGANG TJ, 1992, ESSENTIALS OPHTHALMO, P4 LINCOLN NB, 1991, TOP GERIATR REHABIL, V7, P25 Lubinski R, 1997, BRAIN INJURY, V11, P103, DOI 10.1080/026990597123692 Myers P., 1998, RIGHT HEMISPHERE DAM Myers PS, 1996, J SPEECH HEAR RES, V39, P870 NEWELL FW, 1992, OPHTHALMOLOGY PRINCI, P143 RIDDOCH MJ, 1991, NEGLECT PERIPHERAL D, P369 SEGAL ES, 1996, PRACTICAL HDB CLIN, P3 SKA B, 1996, J SPEECH LANGUAGE PA, V20, P101 SKENES LL, 1985, J COMMUN DISORD, V18, P461, DOI 10.1016/0021-9924(85)90033-4 Tompkins CA, 1995, RIGHT HEMISPHERE COM Weale R. A, 1963, AGING EYE WHITBOURNE SK, 1996, PRACTICAL HDB CLIN G, P3 WICKSTROM S, 1985, J SPEECH HEAR DISORD, V50, P282 WILSON JTL, 1992, J HEAD TRAUMA REHAB, V7, P29, DOI 10.1097/00001199-199206000-00006 Ylvisaker Mark, 1992, Seminars in Speech and Language, V13, P239, DOI 10.1055/s-2008-1064200 NR 26 TC 4 Z9 4 PU PSYCHOLOGY PRESS PI HOVE PA 27 CHURCH RD, HOVE BN3 2FA, EAST SUSSEX, ENGLAND SN 0268-7038 J9 APHASIOLOGY JI Aphasiology PD MAY-JUL PY 2004 VL 18 IS 5-7 BP 611 EP 623 DI 10.1080/02687030444000084 PG 13 WC Clinical Neurology SC Neurosciences & Neurology GA 817NC UT WOS:000221183200015 ER PT J AU Hickey, EM Bourgeois, MS Olswang, LB AF Hickey, EM Bourgeois, MS Olswang, LB TI Effects of training volunteers to converse with nursing home residents with aphasia SO APHASIOLOGY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 33rd Annual Clinical Aphasiology Conference CY MAY, 2003 CL Orcas Isl, WA ID PARTNERS; COMMUNICATION; ADULTS AB Background: Nursing home residents with aphasia often experience social isolation. Providing trained conversation partners is one way to combat this problem, but evidence is needed for the effects of training conversation partners for persons with aphasia. The use of four college student volunteers was based on evidence for the benefits of intergenerational service-learning programmes. Aims: The purpose of this study was to examine the effects of training four college student volunteers (SVs) to use multi-modality communication with two nursing home residents with Broca's aphasia (RAs). Methods & Procedures: An ABA multiple baseline across subjects (SVs) and partners (RAs) design was used to examine the effects of the training programme in probe conversations. Each RA interacted with two SVs. Training consisted of five steps, with a criterion to move through each step of the programme, and to withdraw training. Thorough treatment fidelity procedures were used to ensure consistent training across subjects. Outcomes & Results: The SVs demonstrated marked increases in multi-modality communication, with concomitant increases in RAs' comprehensibility. Sequential analyses revealed that multi-modality communication is more likely than speech only to elicit RAs' comprehensible responses, with a stronger effect after training. Social validity ratings demonstrated that the changes in the quality of the conversations were clinically significant. Conclusions: This study revealed positive effects of training conversation partners of persons with aphasia to use multi-modality communication. Intergenerational service-learning programmes are one viable method to decrease social isolation and to increase opportunities for nursing home residents with aphasia to reveal their communicative competence. C1 Dalhousie Univ, Halifax, NS, Canada. Florida State Univ, Tallahassee, FL 32306 USA. Univ Washington, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. RP Hickey, EM (reprint author), Sch Human Commun Disorders, 5599 Fenwick St, Halifax, NS B3H 1R2, Canada. EM ehickey@dal.ca CR Arkin SM, 1996, AM J ALZHEIMERS DIS, V11, P12, DOI 10.1177/153331759601100103 Bakeman R, 1997, OBSERVING INTERACTIO BILLINGSLEY F, 1980, BEHAV ASSESS, V2, P229 Booth S, 1999, APHASIOLOGY, V13, P283 HERSEN M, 1976, SINGLE CASE EXPT DES HICKEY EM, 1998, ANN CLIN APH C ASH HICKEY EM, 2000, TRAINING USE MULTIMO HICKEY EM, 2000, THESIS U WASHINGTON Hollenbeck A., 1978, OBSERVING BEHAVIOR, VII, P79 Hopper T, 2002, APHASIOLOGY, V16, P745, DOI 10.1080/02687030244000059 Kagan A, 2001, J SPEECH LANG HEAR R, V44, P624, DOI 10.1044/1092-4388(2001/051) Kazdin A. E., 1982, SINGLE CASE RES DESI Kertesz A., 1982, W APHASIA BATTERY LEDORZE G, 1995, APHASIOLOGY, V9, P239 Lyon JG, 1997, APHASIOLOGY, V11, P693, DOI 10.1080/02687039708249416 MCGOWAN TG, 1994, INT J AGING HUM DEV, V39, P321, DOI 10.2190/B5RL-36EQ-525K-9L7L MILLER JF, 1998, BASIC SALT PROGRAM W MONCHER FJ, 1991, CLIN PSYCHOL REV, V11, P247, DOI 10.1016/0272-7358(91)90103-2 OLSWANG LB, 1998, S TREATM EFF RES COM Raven J., 1938, COLOURED PROGR MATRI Raven J.C., 1960, GUIDE STANDARD PROGR SIMMONS N, 1987, CLIN APHASIOLOGY, V17, P106 Simmons-Mackie N, 1999, APHASIOLOGY, V13, P807 TAPP J, 1996, MOOSES NR 24 TC 22 Z9 23 PU PSYCHOLOGY PRESS PI HOVE PA 27 CHURCH RD, HOVE BN3 2FA, EAST SUSSEX, ENGLAND SN 0268-7038 J9 APHASIOLOGY JI Aphasiology PD MAY-JUL PY 2004 VL 18 IS 5-7 BP 625 EP 637 DI 10.1080/02687030444000093 PG 13 WC Clinical Neurology SC Neurosciences & Neurology GA 817NC UT WOS:000221183200016 ER PT J AU Georgeadis, AC Brennan, DM Barker, LM Baron, CR AF Georgeadis, AC Brennan, DM Barker, LM Baron, CR TI Telerehabilitation and its effect on story retelling by adults with neurogenic communication disorders SO APHASIOLOGY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 33rd Annual Clinical Aphasiology Conference CY MAY, 2003 CL Orcas Isl, WA ID TRAUMATIC BRAIN INJURY; COGNITIVE FUNCTION; SPEECH; TELEHEALTH; ATTENTION; PATHOLOGY AB Background: Telerehabilitation (telerehab) is the method of using technology to provide rehabilitation services at a distance. The concept of delivering remote speech-language pathology (SLP) services using telerehab tools and techniques has been acknowledged for more than 25 years. While research has demonstrated videoconference-based telerehab to be a feasible, effective, and appropriate method for providing SLP services to a broad range of clients, studies have been primarily limited to technical feasibility or demonstration projects with relatively small sample sizes. There is an expressed need in the literature for controlled, randomised studies that track both quantitative outcomes of services delivered via telerehab as well as qualitative measures of satisfaction. Aims: The purpose of the study was to measure performance of adults with acquired brain injury on a standardised SLP assessment conducted in both face-to-face (FF) and videoconference-based telerehab (T) settings. The objective was to determine if performance on the assessment, or subjective feedback from the participants, differed between settings. Methods & Procedures: A total of 40 participants with a recent onset of brain injury--12 with traumatic brain injury (TBI), 14 with a left cerebrovascular accident (LCVA), and 14 with a right cerebrovascular accident (RCVA)--were enrolled in the study. Participants were asked to retell stories from the Story Retell Procedure (Doyle, McNeil, Spencer, Goda, Cotrell, & Lustig, 1998) in both FF and T settings. Responses from the stories were scored by the clinician using the percent information unit scoring metric (McNeil, Doyle, Fossett, Park, & Goda, 2001). Additionally, a survey tool was used to probe each participant's level of satisfaction and willingness to use telerehab services in the future. Outcomes & Results: Across all participants, and within the TBI, LCVA, and RCVA groups, no significant difference in performance between the FF and T settings was found. Feedback from survey data demonstrated a high level of acceptance of the T setting. When compared to participants with LCVA or RCVA, however, participants with TBI were significantly more likely to show a lack of interest in future videoconferencing use. Conclusions: Story-retelling performance by brain-injured adults was not affected by setting. Additionally, participants expressed a high level of interest in using videoconferencing in the future. These findings offer additional support for telerehab as a viable alternative mode of SLP treatment for survivors of stroke and TBI. Further research is needed to investigate the utility of telerehab for delivering services to clients with attention impairments as well as those with severe cognitive-communicative impairment, dysarthria, or aphasia. C1 Natl Rehabil Hosp, Speech Language Pathol Serv, Washington, DC 20010 USA. RP Georgeadis, AC (reprint author), Natl Rehabil Hosp, Speech Language Pathol Serv, 102 Irving St NW, Washington, DC 20010 USA. EM amy.c.georgeadis@medstar.net CR APPEL PR, 2002, P STAT SCI C TEL APP, P23 Ball C, 1997, J Telemed Telecare, V3, P126, DOI 10.1258/1357633971931020 Ball C, 1998, J TELEMED TELECARE, V4, P36, DOI 10.1258/1357633981931362 Brennan David, 2002, Top Stroke Rehabil, V8, P71 BRENNAN D, IN PRESS TELEMEDICIN Brookshire R., 1993, DISCOURSE COMPREHENS BUCKLEY KM, 2002, P STAT SCI C TEL APP, P35 Burnham AK, 1999, ENERG FUEL, V13, P1, DOI 10.1021/ef9800765 Cicerone KD, 2002, BRAIN INJURY, V16, P185, DOI 10.1080/02699050110103959 Doyle PJ, 1998, APHASIOLOGY, V12, P561, DOI 10.1080/02687039808249558 Duffy JR, 1997, MAYO CLIN PROC, V72, P1116 Goodglass H, 1983, ASSESSMENT APHASIA R, V2nd Halstead Lauro S, 2003, Adv Skin Wound Care, V16, P91, DOI 10.1097/00129334-200303000-00010 Hill A, 2002, J TELEMED TELECARE, V8, P187, DOI 10.1258/135763302320272158 Kully D, 2000, J TELEMED TELECARE, V6, P39, DOI 10.1258/1357633001935509 Mashima P A, 1999, J Healthc Inf Manag, V13, P71 Mateer CA, 1996, J HEAD TRAUMA REHAB, V11, P1 McCullough A, 2001, INT J LANG COMM DIS, V36, P321 McNeil MR, 2001, APHASIOLOGY, V15, P991 Menon AS, 2001, J NERV MENT DIS, V189, P399, DOI 10.1097/00005053-200106000-00009 SAVARD L, 2002, COMB SECT M AM PHYS Savard L, 2003, NEUROREHABILITATION, V18, P93 Schopp L H, 2000, J Telemed Telecare, V6 Suppl 1, pS146 TRAN BQ, 2003, COMB SECT M AM PHYS TREPAGNIER C, 2002, P STAT SCI C TEL APP, P42 Vaughn G R, 1976, ASHA, V18, P13 Vesmarovich S, 1999, Adv Wound Care, V12, P264 Werts R, 1987, CLIN APHASIOLOGY, V17, P117 WERTZ RT, 1992, APHASIOLOGY, V6, P195, DOI 10.1080/02687039208248591 WHITE MW, 2003, ANN C AM OCC THER AS NR 30 TC 26 Z9 26 PU PSYCHOLOGY PRESS PI HOVE PA 27 CHURCH RD, HOVE BN3 2FA, EAST SUSSEX, ENGLAND SN 0268-7038 J9 APHASIOLOGY JI Aphasiology PD MAY-JUL PY 2004 VL 18 IS 5-7 BP 639 EP 652 DI 10.1080/02687030444000075 PG 14 WC Clinical Neurology SC Neurosciences & Neurology GA 817NC UT WOS:000221183200017 ER PT J AU Croteau, C Vychytil, AM Larfeuil, C Le Dorze, G AF Croteau, C Vychytil, AM Larfeuil, C Le Dorze, G TI "Speaking for" behaviours in spouses of people with aphasia: A descriptive study of six couples in an interview situation SO APHASIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID CONVERSATION; STRATEGIES; PARTICIPATION; PARTNERS; MODEL AB Background : People with aphasia and their spouses frequently meet professionals to discuss health-related issues. In this situation, which is often in an interview form, various strategies may be employed by spouses to facilitate communication. One of these strategies is "speaking for" the person with aphasia. Aims : (1) To identify the presence of "speaking for" behaviour, to measure the frequency of the spouses' "speaking for" and "rapid speaking for" behaviours, and to describe what preceded and followed these behaviours for all participating couples. (2) To describe each individual couple's patterns of "speaking for" in relationship to the members' perceptions of conversations before and after the onset of aphasia. Methods & Procedures : Six couples were studied in an interactive situation. Both the spouse with aphasia and the non-aphasic spouse took turns being asked questions in a systematic way. Each member also participated individually in a semi-structured interview aiming to obtain information on perceptions of communication before and since the aphasia. Outcomes & Results : Analysis of three-way conversations revealed that all of the spouses without aphasia in this study used some "speaking for" behaviours. However, there was great variability in the frequency of the behaviours within couples. For some couples, "speaking for" the person with aphasia may reduce that person's ability or willingness to participate in conversations. The findings from the semi-structured interviews suggest that "speaking for" a person with aphasia may be an integral behaviour for some couples that is consistent with pre-stroke interaction patterns. Conclusions : It is important to consider the "speaking for" behaviour, the impact of this behaviour, and the pre-stroke interaction pattern when helping couples adjust to the consequences of aphasia. C1 Univ Montreal, Ecole Orthophonie & Audiol, Montreal, PQ H3C 3J7, Canada. RP Croteau, C (reprint author), Univ Montreal, Ecole Orthophonie & Audiol, CP 6128, Montreal, PQ H3C 3J7, Canada. RI Le Dorze, Guylaine/A-1790-2014 CR Aries E, 1996, MEN WOMEN INTERACTIO ARIES E, 1987, HUMAN HELPLESSNESS T, P149 Brinton B, 1998, J SPEECH LANG HEAR R, V41, P1193 FAERCH C, 1984, LANG LEARN, V34, P45 Ferguson A, 1996, CLIN LINGUIST PHONET, V10, P55, DOI 10.3109/02699209608985161 FERGUSON A, 1992, CLIN APHASIOLOGY, V21, P299 Goffman E, 1967, INTERACTION RITUAL E Goodglass H, 1983, ASSESSMENT APHASIA R, V2nd Goodwin C., 1981, CONVERSATIONAL ORG I GOODWIN C, 1995, RES LANG SOC INTERAC, V28, P233, DOI 10.1207/s15327973rlsi2803_4 Holland AL, 1998, APHASIOLOGY, V12, P844, DOI 10.1080/02687039808249578 KEENAN Elinor Ochs, 1976, SUBJECT TOPIC, P336 Kent Raymond D., 1992, ACOUSTIC ANAL SPEECH KLIPPI A, 1991, APHASIOLOGY, V5, P373, DOI 10.1080/02687039108248538 LEDORZE G, 1995, APHASIOLOGY, V9, P239 Lock S, 2001, INT J LANG COMM DIS, V36, P25 MACWHINNEY B, 1988, CHAT MANUAL TRANSCRI MANZO JF, 1995, SOCIOL HEALTH ILL, V17, P307, DOI 10.1111/1467-9566.ep10933323 MILROY L, 1992, CLIN LINGUIST PHONET, V6, P27, DOI 10.3109/02699209208985517 Nespoulous J. L., 1986, PROTOCOLE MONTREAL T Oelschlaeger ML, 1999, AM J SPEECH-LANG PAT, V8, P62 Oelschlaeger ML, 2000, J COMMUN DISORD, V33, P205, DOI 10.1016/S0021-9924(00)00019-8 Oelschlaeger ML, 1998, CLIN LINGUIST PHONET, V12, P459, DOI 10.3109/02699209808985238 Oelschlaeger ML, 1998, APHASIOLOGY, V12, P971, DOI 10.1080/02687039808249464 PERKINS L, 1995, EUR J DISORDER COMM, V30, P372 SILVAST M, 1991, APHASIOLOGY, V5, P383, DOI 10.1080/02687039108248540 SimmonsMackie NN, 1996, DISABIL REHABIL, V18, P540 Stewart D.W., 1990, FOCUS GROUP THEORY P WEBSTER EJ, 1982, CLIN APH C P MIN, P64 Whitworth A, 1997, CONVERSATION ANAL PR Wilkinson IAG, 1998, READ RES QUART, V33, P144, DOI 10.1598/RRQ.33.2.1 World Health Organisation, 2001, INT CLASS FUNCT DIS NR 32 TC 18 Z9 18 PU PSYCHOLOGY PRESS PI HOVE PA 27 CHURCH RD, HOVE BN3 2FA, EAST SUSSEX, ENGLAND SN 0268-7038 J9 APHASIOLOGY JI Aphasiology PD APR PY 2004 VL 18 IS 4 BP 291 EP 312 DI 10.1080/02687030344000616 PG 22 WC Clinical Neurology SC Neurosciences & Neurology GA 814FG UT WOS:000220960000001 ER PT J AU Togher, L McDonald, S Code, C Grant, S AF Togher, L McDonald, S Code, C Grant, S TI Training communication partners of people with traumatic brain injury: A randomised controlled trial SO APHASIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID CLOSED HEAD-INJURY; SOCIAL-SKILLS; APHASIA; ADULTS; CONVERSATION; DISCOURSE; REHABILITATION; INDIVIDUALS; IMPAIRMENT; VOLUNTEERS AB Background : Communication disorders after traumatic brain injury (TBI) are difficult to modify due to the cognitive limitation imposed by frontal lobe damage. As an alternative approach, this paper describes a training programme designed to improve communication partners' responsiveness to people with TBI during routine service inquiries with a community agency. Aims : To evaluate the effectiveness of a training programme aimed at improving the communication of police officers during service encounters with people with TBI. Methods & Procedures : A total of 20 police officers were randomly assigned to two groups (training or control). Prior to the 6-week training programme, participants with TBI made a routine telephone inquiry to the police officers. Training focused on specific aspects of telephone inquiries previously documented to be aberrant in service encounters of people with TBI. Following the training programme, police subjects received another telephone service inquiry. Service encounters were transcribed and analysed using generic structure potential analysis. Outcome & Results : Comparison of pre- and post-training measures indicated that trained police had learned strategies to successfully establish the nature of the inquiry, provide a clear answer to the inquiry, and ensure appropriate leave taking, resulting in more efficient, focused interactions in the post-training telephone calls. People with TBI also altered their communication in the post-training calls, with reduced episodes of unrelated utterances and an increased proportion of the interaction devoted to completing the service encounter. This appeared to be in response to the communicative options they were given. Conclusions : This study demonstrates the efficacy of an approach based on training communication partners rather than people with TBI themselves. Training communication partners led to the provision of appropriate feedback, support, and structure of everyday interactions. Service encounters account for a significant amount of everyday communication exchanges, therefore training service providers has the potential to have a significant impact on the communicative effectiveness of people with TBI. C1 Univ Sydney, Fac Hlth Sci, Sch Commun Sci & Disorders, Lidcombe, NSW 2199, Australia. Univ NSW, Kensington, NSW, Australia. Univ Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia. Univ Exeter, Exeter EX4 4QJ, Devon, England. Hanse Inst Adv Study, Delmenhorst, Germany. RP Togher, L (reprint author), Univ Sydney, Fac Hlth Sci, Sch Commun Sci & Disorders, POB 170, Lidcombe, NSW 2199, Australia. EM l.togher@fhs.usyd.edu.au RI McDonald, Skye/G-4118-2014 OI McDonald, Skye/0000-0003-0723-6094 CR Boles L, 1998, J COMMUN DISORD, V31, P261, DOI 10.1016/S0021-9924(98)00005-7 Booth S, 1999, INT J LANG COMM DIS, V34, P291, DOI 10.1080/136828299247423 Booth S, 1999, APHASIOLOGY, V13, P283 Bourgeois MS, 2001, AUGMENTATIVE ALTERNA, V17, P196 BRAUNLINGMCMORROW D, 1986, J REHABIL, V52, P39 Brennan M., 1994, CLEAR TALK POLICE RE BROTHERTON FA, 1988, ARCH PHYS MED REHAB, V69, P827 BURGIO L, 2000, GERONTOLOGIST, V41, P449 Byng S., 2000, ACQUIRED NEUROLOGICA Carnevale GJ, 1996, J HEAD TRAUMA REHAB, V11, P27, DOI 10.1097/00001199-199602000-00005 Carney N, 1999, J HEAD TRAUMA REHAB, V14, P277, DOI 10.1097/00001199-199906000-00008 CHAPMAN SB, 1992, BRAIN LANG, V43, P442 Coelho CA, 1991, J HEAD TRAUMA REHAB, V6, P92, DOI 10.1097/00001199-199106000-00011 Coelho CA, 1996, J SPEECH HEAR RES, V39, pS5 Cohen J., 1988, STAT POWER ANAL BEHA, V2nd EGGINS S, 1997, ANAL CONVERSATION FLANAGAN S, 1995, BRAIN INJURY, V9, P321, DOI 10.3109/02699059509005773 Frattali C M, 1993, Disabil Rehabil, V15, P1 GAJAR A, 1984, J APPL BEHAV ANAL, V17, P353, DOI 10.1901/jaba.1984.17-353 Godfrey HPD, 2000, APHASIOLOGY, V14, P433 Halliday M. A., 1994, INTRO FUNCTIONAL GRA, V3rd Hartley LL., 1995, COGNITIVE COMMUNICAT Hasan Ruqaiya, 1985, LANGUAGE CONTEXT TEX Helfenstien D. A., 1982, CLIN NEUROPSYCHOLOGY, V4, P139 Holland D, 1998, BRAIN INJURY, V12, P993, DOI 10.1080/026990598121918 Hopper T, 2002, APHASIOLOGY, V16, P745, DOI 10.1080/02687030244000059 JENNETT B, 1977, J NEUROL NEUROSUR PS, V40, P291, DOI 10.1136/jnnp.40.3.291 JOHNSON DA, 1987, BRIT J CLIN PSYCHOL, V26, P289 Kagan A, 2001, J SPEECH LANG HEAR R, V44, P624, DOI 10.1044/1092-4388(2001/051) LEWIS FD, 1988, BEHAV THER, V19, P203, DOI 10.1016/S0005-7894(88)80043-1 Lock S, 2001, INT J LANG COMM DIS, V36, P25 Luiselli JK, 2000, INT J OFFENDER THER, V44, P647, DOI 10.1177/0306624X00446002 Lyon JG, 1997, APHASIOLOGY, V11, P693, DOI 10.1080/02687039708249416 MARSH NV, 1999, COMMUNICATION DISORD, P175 Martin J. R., 1992, ENGLISH TEXT SYSTEM MCDONALD S, 1993, BRAIN LANG, V44, P28, DOI 10.1006/brln.1993.1003 McDonald S., 1999, COMMUNICATION DISORD MCDONALD S, 2003, PSYCHOL INTERACTION, V13, P47 McDonald S, 1998, BRAIN LANG, V61, P88, DOI 10.1006/brln.1997.1846 NEWHOFF M, 1981, CLIN APHASIOLOGY, V11, P234 *NHIF, 1989, ED MAN WHAT ED NEED OLVER J, 2001, 6 ANN BRAIN INJ REH Olver JH, 1996, BRAIN INJURY, V10, P841, DOI 10.1080/026990596123945 POUND C, 2000, APHASIA THERAPIES LI Poynton C., 1985, LANGUAGE GENDER MAKI PRUTTING CA, 1987, J SPEECH HEAR DISORD, V52, P105 MENTIS M, 1991, J SPEECH HEAR RES, V34, P583 Ripich D. N., 1999, CLIN GERONTOLOGIST, V21, P37 RUSSELL WR, 1961, ARCH NEUROL-CHICAGO, V5, P4 Schiffrin Deborah, 1987, DISCOURSE MARKERS SCHLOSS PJ, 1985, APPL RES MENT RETARD, V6, P269, DOI 10.1016/0270-3092(85)90001-3 SIMMONS N, 1987, CLIN APHASIOLOGY, V17, P106 Simmons-Mackie N, 1999, APHASIOLOGY, V13, P807 Simmons-Mackie N., 2000, NEUROGENIC COMMUNICA, P162 SMITH L, 1986, B COLLEGE SPEECH THE, V409, P10 SNOW P, 1995, APHASIOLOGY, V9, P365, DOI 10.1080/02687039508248210 STRATTON MC, 1994, BRAIN INJURY, V8, P631, DOI 10.3109/02699059409151016 Szekeres Shirley F., 1992, Seminars in Speech and Language, V13, P293, DOI 10.1055/s-2008-1064204 Tate RL, 1998, AUST NZ J PUBL HEAL, V22, P419, DOI 10.1111/j.1467-842X.1998.tb01406.x Togher L, 1996, DISABIL REHABIL, V18, P559 TOGHER L, 1998, APHASIOLOGY, V12, P491 Togher L, 1999, APHASIOLOGY, V13, P709 Togher L, 1997, APHASIOLOGY, V11, P491, DOI 10.1080/02687039708248486 Togher L, 1997, BRAIN INJURY, V11, P169, DOI 10.1080/026990597123629 Wilkinson IAG, 1998, READ RES QUART, V33, P144, DOI 10.1598/RRQ.33.2.1 Wood RL, 1997, BRAIN INJURY, V11, P491, DOI 10.1080/713802183 World Health Organization, 2001, INT CLASSIFICATION F Worrall L, 2000, APHASIOLOGY, V14, P911 Ylvisaker M., 1998, TRAUMATIC BRAIN INJU YVISAKER M, 1993, STAFF DEV CLIN INTER, P57 NR 70 TC 36 Z9 40 PU PSYCHOLOGY PRESS PI HOVE PA 27 CHURCH RD, HOVE BN3 2FA, EAST SUSSEX, ENGLAND SN 0268-7038 J9 APHASIOLOGY JI Aphasiology PD APR PY 2004 VL 18 IS 4 BP 313 EP 335 DI 10.1080/02687030344000535 PG 23 WC Clinical Neurology SC Neurosciences & Neurology GA 814FG UT WOS:000220960000002 ER PT J AU Ross, KB Wertz, RT AF Ross, KB Wertz, RT TI Accuracy of formal tests for diagnosing mild aphasia: An application of evidence-based medicine SO APHASIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID USERS GUIDES; ARTICLE AB Background : Normal elderly and mildly aphasic individuals may exhibit similar impairments in language comprehension and expression. Accurate differential diagnosis is essential for providing a prognosis, focusing treatment, and justifying reimbursement for services. Aims : We employed the principles of evidence-based medicine to examine the accuracy of two general language tests (Porch Index of Communicative Ability; Western Aphasia Battery) and two functional communication tests (Communication Activities of Daily Living; American Speech-Language-Hearing Association's Functional Assessment of Communication Skills for Adults) for diagnosing mild aphasia, beyond individual clinical expertise. Methods & Procedures : The test performance of 10 mildly aphasic patients was compared with that of 10 non-brain-injured (NBI) adults. An operational definition of aphasia was applied as a reference standard for correct diagnosis. Pre-test and post-test diagnostic probabilities were compared, using the likelihood ratio as an index of accuracy. Outcomes & Results : In our sample, obtained positive likelihood ratios ranged from 3.00 to 6000.60, and the post-test probability of a correct positive diagnosis ranged from 91% to 100%. However, the pre-test probability of a correct positive diagnosis was already high (70-100%), because information necessary to diagnose correctly was available to the clinician prior to formal test administration. Thus, an overall score derived from subsequent administration of a formal test added, at best, moderate improvement over individual clinical expertise. The tests may prove more important for clinicians uncertain of a patient's diagnosis or for diagnosing "borderline" patients whose symptoms are unclear. For pre-test probabilities between 40% and 60%, administration of one of the formal tests we examined may increase or decrease diagnostic probability by as many as 60 percentage points. Conclusion : Results indicate that overall scores derived from these tests are accurate but may or may not be important in confirming the presence or absence of mild aphasia, depending on the pre-test probability of a positive diagnosis. Suggestions for testing the validity of our results within a wider spectrum of patients are provided. C1 Carl T Hayden Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Phoenix, AZ 85012 USA. Arizona State Univ, Tempe, AZ 85287 USA. Vanderbilt Univ, Sch Med, Nashville, TN 37212 USA. VA Tennessee Valley Healthcare Syst, Nashville, TN USA. RP Ross, KB (reprint author), Carl T Hayden Vet Affairs Med Ctr, CS 126,650 Indian Sch Rd, Phoenix, AZ 85012 USA. EM katherine.ross3@med.va.gov CR Biddle AK, 2002, AHRQ PUBLICATION BOWLES NL, 1985, J GERONTOL, V40, P71 CHAPEY R, 1994, LANGUAGE INTERVENTIO, P80 Chapman S., 1994, LANGUAGE INTERVENTIO, P80 CHAPMAN SB, 1991, HDB GERIATRIC COMMUN COHEN G, 1979, COGNITIVE PSYCHOL, V11, P412, DOI 10.1016/0010-0285(79)90019-7 CRITCHLEY M, 1984, ARCH NEUROL-CHICAGO, V41, P1135 Darley F. L., 1982, APHASIA DARLEY FL, 1979, CLIN APH C P, P23 FEIER C, 1980, J GERONTOL, V35, P729 Frattali C, 1995, AM SPEECH LANGUAGE H Holland A. L., 1999, COMMUNICATION ACTIVI JAESCHKE R, 1994, JAMA-J AM MED ASSOC, V271, P389, DOI 10.1001/jama.271.5.389 JAESCHKE R, 1994, JAMA-J AM MED ASSOC, V271, P703, DOI 10.1001/jama.271.9.703 Kemper S., 1988, LANGUAGE MEMORY AGIN, P58 Kertesz A., 1979, APHASIA ASS DISORDER Kertesz A., 1982, W APHASIA BATTERY KIRSHNER HS, 1999, CONTINUUM LIFELONG L, V5, P9 LaPointe L. L., 1979, READING COMPREHENSIO MOSS CS, 1972, RECOVERY APHASIA AFT NORTH AJ, 1986, INT J AGING HUM DEV, V23, P267, DOI 10.2190/BPF0-2BWD-BGNQ-HWCW OBLER LK, 1984, CLIN NEUROLOGY AGING, P245 OBLER LK, 1981, LANGUAGE ELDERLY APH PEACH RK, 1987, COMMUNICATION DISORD, P238 PEDERSEN PM, 1995, ANN NEUROL, V38, P659, DOI 10.1002/ana.410380416 Porch B. E., 1967, PORCH INDEX COMMUNIC Rosenbek J.C., 1989, APHASIA CLIN APPROAC Sackett D, 1991, CLIN EPIDEMIOLOGY BA, V2nd Sackett D, 2000, EVIDENCE BASED MED P SCHOW RL, 1978, COMMUNICATION DISORD WERTZ RT, 2000, ACQUIRED NEUROGENIC, P3 World Health Organization, 2001, ICIDH 2 INT CLASS FU NR 32 TC 5 Z9 5 PU PSYCHOLOGY PRESS PI HOVE PA 27 CHURCH RD, HOVE BN3 2FA, EAST SUSSEX, ENGLAND SN 0268-7038 J9 APHASIOLOGY JI Aphasiology PD APR PY 2004 VL 18 IS 4 BP 337 EP 355 DI 10.1080/02687030444000002 PG 19 WC Clinical Neurology SC Neurosciences & Neurology GA 814FG UT WOS:000220960000003 ER PT J AU Hough, MS Givens, GD AF Hough, MS Givens, GD TI Word fluency skills in dementia of the Alzheimer's type for common and goal-directed categories SO APHASIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID SEMANTIC MEMORY LOSS; VERBAL FLUENCY; DISEASE; KNOWLEDGE; PERFORMANCE; DETERIORATION; HUNTINGTONS; IMPAIRMENT; APHASIA; ACCESS AB Background : Categorisation abilities, as measured by word fluency, have been observed to deteriorate in dementia of the Alzheimer's type (DAT). Specifically, patients with early dementia have been observed to produce fewer examples than their healthy age-matched cohorts. As disease severity increases, accuracy of responses decreases. This decrease appears to be related to increased deterioration in semantic memory. Thus, exemplar generation is a sensitive indicator of early effects of dementia. Individuals' responses on word fluency have been analysed in a variety of ways and reveal unique quantitative and qualitative profiles for adults with DAT. Furthermore, type of category may also affect performance of adults with DAT. Two types of categories that have been examined are common and goal-directed categories. Aim : The purpose of the investigation was to study the categorisation skills of adults with dementia as the result of Alzheimer's disease. Specifically, the generation of goal-directed and common category exemplars by adults with mild and moderate severity DAT and normal elderly adults was examined. One concern of the study was participants' sensitivity to graded structure, examined through analysis of mean typicality ratings for responses. Another focus was identification and frequency of usage of particular response strategies. Total number of category examples produced and accuracy of these responses were also examined. Methods & Procedures : A total of 30 adults, comprising 20 individuals meeting the NINCSD-ADRDA criteria for DAT and 10 neurologically intact elderly adults, participated. Dementia severity was determined using the Global Deterioration Scale and the Dementia Rating Scale resulting in 10 mildly impaired and 10 moderately impaired DAT participants. Four common and four goal-directed categories were presented to each participant. Common categories were four of ten categories for which Rosch (1975) established typicality norms with young adults; goal-directed categories were four of sixteen for which typicality norms were developed with normal middle-aged adults (Hough, 1988). Each participant was asked to generate as many exemplars as possible for each category. No preset time limit was established for the amount of time to respond to each category. Outcomes & Results : The NBD participants produced significantly more exemplars for both category types than either DAT groups. However, the moderate DAT group was significantly less accurate than the mild DAT and NBD groups. The NBD group produced significantly more exemplars and had significantly lower mean typicality ratings for the common than the goal-directed categories; both DAT groups showed no differences between category types for these variables. Both DAT groups used fewer response strategies overall, regardless of category type, and utilised a significantly smaller percentage of semantic and subordinate association strategies than the NBD participants. Conclusions : DAT may, to some extent, adversely affect sensitivity to the general process of category construction, regardless of category type. This pervasive deficit is apparent even in milder stages of the disease process and supports the hypothesis that as severity of DAT increases, there is an accompanying increase in the deterioration of semantic memory. This greater deterioration appears to result in increased problems with creation and ordering of ideas, one of the primary bases for exemplar generation. C1 E Carolina Univ, Greenville, NC 27858 USA. RP Hough, MS (reprint author), E Carolina Univ, Greenville, NC 27858 USA. EM HoughM@Mail.ecu.edu CR ADAMOVICH BLB, 1984, CLIN APHASIOLOGY C P, P124 AU R, 1991, HDB GERIATRIC COMMUN, P293 Barsalou L, 1987, CONCEPTS CONCEPTUAL, P101 BARSALOU L, 1983, MEM COGNITION, V8, P211 Barsalou L. W., 1992, COGNITIVE PSYCHOL OV Bayles K. A., 1987, COMMUNICATION COGNIT BAYLES KA, 1983, CLIN APHASIOLOGY C P, P304 BAYLES KA, 1990, BRAIN LANG, V39, P498, DOI 10.1016/0093-934X(90)90158-D Benton AL, 1994, MULTILINGUAL APHASIA BINETTI G, 1995, J CLIN EXP NEUROPSYC, V17, P82, DOI 10.1080/13803399508406584 BUTTERS N, 1987, J CLIN EXP NEUROPSYC, V9, P479, DOI 10.1080/01688638708410764 CHERTKOW H, 1989, BRAIN LANG, V36, P420, DOI 10.1016/0093-934X(89)90078-3 CHERTKOW H, 1990, BRAIN, V113, P397, DOI 10.1093/brain/113.2.397 Crowe SF, 1998, J CLIN EXP NEUROPSYC, V20, P391, DOI 10.1076/jcen.20.3.391.810 Epker MO, 1999, J CLIN EXP NEUROPSYC, V21, P425, DOI 10.1076/jcen.21.4.425.890 GROSSMAN M, 1981, BRAIN LANG, V12, P313, DOI 10.1016/0093-934X(81)90022-5 Hart R P, 1988, Arch Clin Neuropsychol, V3, P313, DOI 10.1016/0887-6177(88)90044-3 HART S, 1988, BRIT J CLIN PSYCHOL, V27, P115 HODGES JR, 1992, NEUROPSYCHOLOGIA, V30, P301, DOI 10.1016/0028-3932(92)90104-T HOUGH MS, 1992, NIH QUAL LIF AG C WA HOUGH MS, 1993, APHASIOLOGY, V7, P335, DOI 10.1080/02687039308249515 HOUGH MS, 1988, THESIS KENT STATE U HOUGH MS, 1991, ANN AM SPEECH LANG H HOUGH MS, 1989, ANN AM SPEECH LANG H HOUGH MS, IN PRESS J COMMUNICA HOUGH MS, 1989, APHASIOLOGY, V3, P553, DOI 10.1080/02687038908249022 HUFF FJ, 1986, BRAIN LANG, V28, P235, DOI 10.1016/0093-934X(86)90103-3 MARTIN A, 1985, BRAIN LANG, V25, P323, DOI 10.1016/0093-934X(85)90088-4 MARTIN A, 1987, J CLIN EXP NEUROPSYC, V9, P191, DOI 10.1080/01688638708405361 MARTIN A, 1983, BRAIN LANG, V19, P124, DOI 10.1016/0093-934X(83)90059-7 Mattis S, 1976, GERIATRIC PSYCHIAT Mattis S., 1988, DEMENTIA RATING SCAL MCKHANN G, 1984, NEUROLOGY, V34, P939 MERVIS CB, 1981, ANNU REV PSYCHOL, V32, P89, DOI 10.1146/annurev.ps.32.020181.000513 Monsch A., 1994, NEUROPSYCHOLOGY, V8, P25, DOI 10.1037//0894-4105.8.1.25 MONSCH AU, 1992, ARCH NEUROL-CHICAGO, V49, P1253 MUELLER H, 1987, COMMUNICATION DISORD REISBERG B, 1982, AM J PSYCHIAT, V139, P1136 ROSCH E, 1975, COGNITIVE PSYCHOL, V7, P573, DOI 10.1016/0010-0285(75)90024-9 ROSCH E, 1975, J EXP PSYCHOL GEN, V104, P192, DOI 10.1037//0096-3445.104.3.192 ROSENBERRY T L, 1980, Neurochemistry International, V2, P135, DOI 10.1016/0197-0186(80)90020-0 SHUTTLEWORTH EC, 1988, BRAIN LANG, V34, P222, DOI 10.1016/0093-934X(88)90134-4 SOMMERS LM, 1990, APHASIOLOGY, V4, P573, DOI 10.1080/02687039008248508 Suhr JA, 1998, ARCH CLIN NEUROPSYCH, V13, P447, DOI 10.1016/S0887-6177(97)00040-1 TROSTER AI, 1989, BRAIN LANG, V37, P500, DOI 10.1016/0093-934X(89)90032-1 Troster AI, 1998, NEUROPSYCHOLOGIA, V36, P295, DOI 10.1016/S0028-3932(97)00153-X Troyer AK, 1998, J INT NEUROPSYCH SOC, V4, P137, DOI 10.1017/S1355617798001374 Troyer AK, 1997, NEUROPSYCHOLOGY, V11, P138, DOI 10.1037//0894-4105.11.1.138 Tulving Endel, 1983, ELEMENTS EPISODIC ME NR 49 TC 2 Z9 2 PU PSYCHOLOGY PRESS PI HOVE PA 27 CHURCH RD, HOVE BN3 2FA, EAST SUSSEX, ENGLAND SN 0268-7038 J9 APHASIOLOGY JI Aphasiology PD APR PY 2004 VL 18 IS 4 BP 357 EP 372 DI 10.1080/0268703044000011 PG 16 WC Clinical Neurology SC Neurosciences & Neurology GA 814FG UT WOS:000220960000004 ER PT J AU Law, SP AF Law, SP TI Impairment to phonological processes in a Cantonese-speaking brain-damaged patient SO APHASIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID SHORT-TERM-MEMORY; SELECTIVE IMPAIRMENT; OUTPUT BUFFER; DEEP DYSLEXIA; ACTIVATION; ANOMIA; MODELS; REPETITION; RETRIEVAL; RECOVERY AB Background : Previous studies have shown that brain-damaged patients with selective deficits to phonological processes produced frequent phonological errors and similar error patterns in all spoken tasks, exhibited the effects of word frequency, grammatical class, and imageability, and were unable to make rhyming judgements, due to impaired lexical retrieval and/or phonological representations. Aims : This paper describes a Cantonese-speaking brain-damaged patient, LKK, whose performance patterns in spoken tasks indicate impairment to both the lexically mediated non-semantic and semantic pathways of oral production, as well as the phonological output buffer. Methods & Procedures : A range of tasks was conducted including repetition, reading aloud, oral naming, written/spoken word-picture matching, non-verbal semantic tests, written lexical decision, and homophone judgements. Outcomes & Results : LKK performed normally on written lexical decision, word-picture matching, and non-verbal semantic tests, but he was unable to make homophone judgements and showed impaired production in all oral tasks. He was better able to read aloud names of objects than to name them. He also made more semantic errors in naming than reading. His accuracy in reading single words was affected by word frequency and form class. Further observations of his oral production included better (but nevertheless impaired) performance on repetition than reading and naming, a consistent effect of word length across tasks, and a tendency for phonological errors to occur on the coda compared with the onset. Conclusions : There was sufficient evidence for deficits of the phonological lexicon and/or the access to it along the non-semantic route and the semantic pathway at the post-semantic level in LKK. The effect of word length and comparable patterns of error distribution across spoken tasks suggested additional impairment to the phonological output buffer. The different levels of accuracy in repetition, reading, and naming, as well as the differential rates of semantic errors in these tasks were consistent with predictions of the summation hypothesis. C1 Univ Hong Kong, Div Speech & Hearing Sci, Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Peoples R China. RP Law, SP (reprint author), Univ Hong Kong, Div Speech & Hearing Sci, Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Peoples R China. EM splaw@hkucc.hku.hk RI Law, Sam Po/A-3162-2010 CR BISIACCHI PS, 1989, Q J EXP PSYCHOL-A, V41, P293 BLUMSTEIN S E, 1990, P33 Blumstein S.E., 1973, PHONOLOGICAL INVESTI BUB D, 1982, BRAIN, V105, P697, DOI 10.1093/brain/105.4.697 BUB D, 1987, COGNITIVE NEUROPSYCH, P79 CARAMAZZA A, 1986, COGNITIVE NEUROPSYCH, V3, P37, DOI 10.1080/02643298608252669 CARAMAZZA A, 1991, NATURE, V349, P788, DOI 10.1038/349788a0 CARAMAZZA A, 1990, SPR S NEUR, P1 CARAMAZZA A, 1983, BRAIN LANG, V18, P128, DOI 10.1016/0093-934X(83)90011-1 COLTHEART M, 1993, PSYCHOL REV, V100, P589, DOI 10.1037/0033-295X.100.4.589 ELLIS AW, 1983, COGNITION, V15, P111, DOI 10.1016/0010-0277(83)90036-7 Ellis A.W., 1998, HUMAN COGNITIVE NEUR FRANKLIN S, 1995, COGNITIVE NEUROPSYCH, V12, P549, DOI 10.1080/02643299508252007 Friedman RB, 1996, BRAIN LANG, V52, P114, DOI 10.1006/brln.1996.0006 Gerhand S, 2000, NEUROCASE, V6, P393, DOI 10.1080/13554790008402710 Hanley JR, 2002, COGN NEUROPSYCHOL, V19, P193, DOI 10.1080/02643290143000132 HILLIS AE, 1995, J COGNITIVE NEUROSCI, V7, P396, DOI 10.1162/jocn.1995.7.3.396 HILLIS AE, 1995, COGNITIVE NEUROPSYCH, V12, P187, DOI 10.1080/02643299508251996 HOWARD D, 1995, Q J EXP PSYCHOL-A, V48, P999 Howard D., 1992, PYRAMIDS PALM TREES Katz RB, 1997, BRAIN LANG, V58, P46, DOI 10.1006/brln.1997.1766 KAY J, 1987, BRAIN, V110, P613, DOI 10.1093/brain/110.3.613 Kohn SE, 1996, BRAIN LANG, V52, P129, DOI 10.1006/brln.1996.0007 LAW SP, 1995, SPEECH READING COMP, P143 LAW SP, IN PRESS LANGUAGE CO LAW SP, 1999, UNPUB READING WRITIN Law SP, 2001, COGNITIVE NEUROPSYCH, V18, P729, DOI 10.1080/02643290143000024 MARTIN N, 1994, BRAIN LANG, V47, P609, DOI 10.1006/brln.1994.1061 Martin RC, 1999, BRAIN LANG, V70, P437, DOI 10.1006/brln.1999.2184 PAIVIO AV, 1968, J EXPT PSYHOL 2 S, V76 PARADIS C, 1989, PHONOLOGY, V6, P317, DOI 10.1017/S0952675700001056 Patterson K, 1995, NEUROCASE, V1, P155 Riddoch M.J., 1993, BIRMINGHAM OBJECT RE ROMANI C, 1992, LANG COGNITIVE PROC, V7, P131, DOI 10.1080/01690969208409382 Shallice T, 2000, COGN NEUROPSYCHOL, V17, P517, DOI 10.1080/02643290050110638 SHIBAHARA N, 2003, Q J EXPT PSYCHOL A, V56, P1 SNODGRASS JG, 1980, J EXP PSYCHOL-HUM L, V6, P174, DOI 10.1037/0278-7393.6.2.174 Tainturier MJ, 2001, NEUROCASE, V7, P89, DOI 10.1093/neucas/7.1.89 Weekes B., 2005, NEUROCASE, V5, P101 Weekes BS, 1997, NEUROCASE, V3, P51, DOI 10.1080/13554799708404034 WU RT, 1987, ZUNGMAN ZICI JYUJAM YIU EML, 1992, J NEUROLINGUIST, V7, P374 NR 42 TC 9 Z9 9 PU PSYCHOLOGY PRESS PI HOVE PA 27 CHURCH RD, HOVE BN3 2FA, EAST SUSSEX, ENGLAND SN 0268-7038 J9 APHASIOLOGY JI Aphasiology PD APR PY 2004 VL 18 IS 4 BP 373 EP 388 DI 10.1080/02687030344000544 PG 16 WC Clinical Neurology SC Neurosciences & Neurology GA 814FG UT WOS:000220960000005 ER PT J AU Wallesch, CW AF Wallesch, CW TI History of aphasia - Freud as an aphasiologist SO APHASIOLOGY LA English DT Article AB Between 1891 and 1901, Sigmund Freud published both psychoanalytic and neurological works. This review analyses the interactions between Freud's On the interpretation of the aphasias (1891) and the development of psychoanalytic concepts, as well as Freud's theoretical views on brain-mind interrelations and his neurolinguistic theory. It is pointed out that in his aphasia book, Freud developed elements of a neurobiological theory of cognition and behaviour that became important for the theoretical foundation of psychoanalysis. Although Jackson, whom Freud regarded highly, had understood that people communicate by propositions, Freud followed Wernicke in that the word and the word concept were the basis of language. This assumption guided the interpretation of associations in psychoanalysis. For aphasiology, Freud is one proponent among others who criticised mechanistic localisationist theories. His major obstacle was the lack of linguistic theories. Freud's influence on aphasiology was rather limited, mainly because his book was hardly read, to his dismay. C1 Otto Von Guericke Univ, Dept Neurol, D-39120 Magdeburg, Germany. RP Wallesch, CW (reprint author), Otto Von Guericke Univ, Dept Neurol, Leipziger Str 44, D-39120 Magdeburg, Germany. EM wallesch@medizin.uni-magdeburg.de CR BARTELS C, 1996, CLASSIC CASES NEUROP, P53 Caplan D., 1987, NEUROLINGUISTICS LIN CARAMAZZA A, 1984, BRAIN LANG, V21, P9, DOI 10.1016/0093-934X(84)90032-4 Fodor Jerry A., 1983, MODULARITY MIND Freud S, 1895, STUDIEN HYSTERIE FREUD S, AUFFASSUNG APHASIEN Greenberg V. D., 1997, FREUD HIS APHASIA BO Hirschmuller Albrecht, 1991, FREUDS BEGEGNUNG PSY JACKSON JH, 1879, SELECTED WRITINGS JH, V2, P155 Jones E., 1953, LIFE WORK S FREUD Kleist K, 1934, GEHIRNPATHOLOGIE KUSMAUL A, 1877, STORUNGEN SPRACHE MARX OM, 1967, AM J PSYCHIAT, V124, P123 MAUDSLEY H, 1868, CONCERNING APHASIA, V2, P690 RIZZUTO AM, 1997, REFLECTIONS FREUDS A Schiller Francis, 1979, P BROCA FOUNDER FREN SCHOENWALD RL, 1954, OSIRIS, V7, P119 SCHULTZ JH, 1970, GROSSE NERVENRAZTE, P99 SCHWARTZ MF, 1984, BRAIN LANG, V21, P3, DOI 10.1016/0093-934X(84)90031-2 SOLMS M, 1986, INT J PSYCHOANAL, V67, P397 STENGEL E, 1953, S FREUD APHASIA Sulloway F., 1979, FREUD BIOL MIND VOGEL P, 1992, S FREUD AUFFASSUNG A, P36 Wallesch C W, 1996, J Hist Neurosci, V5, P117 Wernicke C., 1874, APHASISCHE SYMPTOMEN NR 25 TC 4 Z9 4 PU PSYCHOLOGY PRESS PI HOVE PA 27 CHURCH RD, HOVE BN3 2FA, EAST SUSSEX, ENGLAND SN 0268-7038 J9 APHASIOLOGY JI Aphasiology PD APR PY 2004 VL 18 IS 4 BP 389 EP 399 DI 10.1080/02687030344000599 PG 11 WC Clinical Neurology SC Neurosciences & Neurology GA 814FG UT WOS:000220960000006 ER PT J AU Mortley, J Wade, J Enderby, P AF Mortley, J Wade, J Enderby, P TI Superhighway to promoting a client-therapist partnership? Using the Internet to deliver word-retrieval computer therapy, monitored remotely with minimal speech and language therapy input SO APHASIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID APHASIA THERAPY; REHABILITATION; HOME AB Background : Advances in information and communications technology have not only made independent speech and language therapy practice using a computer possible, it is now feasible to monitor this therapy from a different location ("remotely"). Aims : This paper describes an evaluation of whether therapy delivered this way is efficacious and acceptable in improving word-retrieval and efficient in terms of therapist time. Methods & Procedures : Seven participants were recruited to a case series study, with an ABA design, where A represented a no-treatment assessment phase. All were at least 2 years post CVA and had word-finding difficulties associated with aphasia. Participants had access to therapy software on a home computer. Therapy exercises were updated remotely by a therapist from a clinic computer via the Internet. No face-to-face therapy took place. Outcomes & Results : Outcome measures included data on software usage, pre and post-therapy language assessments, and pre and post-therapy participant interviews to explore perceived benefits and user's views. Results showed intensive use of the system, and improvement in word retrieval skills. Conclusions : Results suggest this mode of therapy delivery is efficacious, acceptable, and gave participants a high degree of independence. Relatively little input in terms of therapist time is required. The findings are discussed in terms of implications for therapy delivery for people with aphasia. C1 N Bristol NHS Trust, Speech & Language Res Unit, Bristol, Avon, England. Univ Sheffield, No Gen Hosp, Inst Gen Practice & Primary Care, Sheffield S5 7AU, S Yorkshire, England. RP Mortley, J (reprint author), Steps Cottage, Littleton Drew SN14 7NB, Wilts, England. EM jpmortley@btinternet.com CR BASSO A, 1979, ARCH NEUROL-CHICAGO, V36, P190 BYNG S, 1999, REVERSIBLE SENTENCES DAMICO J, 1999, APHASIOLOGY, V13, P9 Damico JS, 1999, APHASIOLOGY, V13, P651 Druks J., 2000, OBJECT ACTION NAMING Enderby P, 2002, CLIN REHABIL, V16, P604, DOI 10.1191/0269215502cr505oa Hickin J, 2001, INT J LANG COMM DIS, V36, P13 Kay J., 1992, PSYCHOLINGUISTIC ASS MORTLEY J, 2004, UNPUB IMPACT REMOTEL Mortley J, 2001, APHASIOLOGY, V15, P443, DOI 10.1080/02687040042000188 MORTLEY J, 1998, THESIS U EXETER UK Parr S., 1997, TALKING APHASIA LIVI Pedersen PM, 2001, APHASIOLOGY, V15, P151, DOI 10.1080/02687040042000106 Petheram B, 1996, APHASIOLOGY, V10, P267, DOI 10.1080/02687039608248412 Pope C, 2000, BRIT MED J, V320, P114, DOI 10.1136/bmj.320.7227.114 *ROYAL COLL SPEECH, 1996, COMMUNICATING QUALIT, V2, P272 *STEPS CONS LTD, 2003, STEPBYSTEP Wade J, 2003, APHASIOLOGY, V17, P1031, DOI 10.1080/02687030344000373 Weinrich M, 1997, CLIN NEUROSCI, V4, P103 Wertz R, 2004, APHASIOLOGY, V18, P229, DOI 10.1080/02687030444000048 WERTZ RT, 1986, ARCH NEUROL-CHICAGO, V43, P653 NR 21 TC 19 Z9 20 PU PSYCHOLOGY PRESS PI HOVE PA 27 CHURCH RD, HOVE BN3 2FA, EAST SUSSEX, ENGLAND SN 0268-7038 J9 APHASIOLOGY JI Aphasiology PD MAR PY 2004 VL 18 IS 3 BP 193 EP 211 DI 10.1080/02687030344000553 PG 19 WC Clinical Neurology SC Neurosciences & Neurology GA 810QO UT WOS:000220719000002 ER PT J AU Doesborgh, S van de Sandt-Koenderman, M Dippel, D van Harskamp, F Koudstaal, P Visch-Brink, E AF Doesborgh, S van de Sandt-Koenderman, M Dippel, D van Harskamp, F Koudstaal, P Visch-Brink, E TI Cues on request: The efficacy of Multicue, a computer program for wordfinding therapy SO APHASIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID GENERATED PHONEMIC CUES; NAMING DISORDERS; SEMANTIC TREATMENT; APHASIA; DEFICITS; SPEECH; RETRIEVAL; ERRORS AB Background : Semantic and word form cues have been shown to have long-term effects on naming in aphasia. Multicue is a computer program that offers a variety of cues for improving word finding. It stimulates the users' independence by encouraging them to discover themselves which cues are most helpful. Aims : We investigated the effects of Multicue on naming and verbal communication. Methods & Procedures : A total of 18 individuals with aphasia caused by stroke, who had completed intensive impairment-oriented treatment, were randomised to 10-11 hours of Multicue ( n = 8) or no treatment ( n = 10). Outcomes & Results : Only the Multicue group improved on the Boston Naming Test. However, mean improvement did not differ significantly between the treated and untreated groups, neither for the BNT (95% CI: -4.5 to 26.1), nor for the ANELT-A (95% CI: -2.4 to 9.4). Conclusions : In the chronic phase of aphasia, following impairment-oriented treatment, Multicue may have a beneficial effect on word finding in picture naming, but not on verbal communication. The effect of Multicue may be the result either of self-cueing or of improved access. The lack of generalisation to verbal communication is discussed. C1 Rotterdam Aphasia Fdn, Rijndam Rehabil Ctr, NL-3015 LJ Rotterdam, Netherlands. Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, Netherlands. RP van de Sandt-Koenderman, M (reprint author), Rotterdam Aphasia Fdn, Rijndam Rehabil Ctr, Westersingel 300, NL-3015 LJ Rotterdam, Netherlands. EM m.sandt@rijndam.nl CR Aftonomos LB, 1999, STROKE, V30, P1370 Avila C, 2001, BRAIN LANG, V79, P185, DOI 10.1006/brln.2001.2472 Basso A, 2001, BRAIN LANG, V77, P45, DOI 10.1006/brln.2000.2422 Bhogal SK, 2003, STROKE, V34, P987, DOI 10.1161/01.STR.0000062343.64383.D0 BLOMERT L, 1994, APHASIOLOGY, V8, P381, DOI 10.1080/02687039408248666 Blomert L, 1995, AMSTERDAM NIJMEGEN T Boyle M., 1995, AM J SPEECH-LANG PAT, V4, P94 BRUCE C, 1987, BRIT J DISORD COMMUN, V22, P191 Coelho CA, 2000, APHASIOLOGY, V14, P133 COLBY KM, 1981, BRAIN LANG, V14, P272, DOI 10.1016/0093-934X(81)90079-1 DELOCHE G, 1992, NEUROPSYCHOL REHABIL, V2, P117, DOI 10.1080/09602019208401400 Doesborgh SJC, 2004, STROKE, V35, P141, DOI 10.1161/01.STR.0000105460.52928.A6 Drew RL, 1999, J SPEECH LANG HEAR R, V42, P972 Fink RB, 2002, APHASIOLOGY, V16, P1061, DOI 10.1080/02687030244000400 Franklin S, 2002, APHASIOLOGY, V16, P1087, DOI 10.1080/02687030244000491 Helm-Estrabrook N., 2000, SEMINARS SPEECH LANG, V21, P91 Hickin J, 2002, APHASIOLOGY, V16, P981, DOI 10.1080/02687030244000509 HICKIN J, 2002, APHASIA THERAPY FILE, V2 Hickin J, 2001, INT J LANG COMM DIS, V36, P13 HILLIS AE, 1989, ARCH PHYS MED REHAB, V70, P632 HOWARD D, 1984, COGNITIVE NEUROPSYCH, V1, P163, DOI 10.1080/02643298408252021 Kaplan E, 1983, BOSTON NAMING TEST KATZ RC, 2001, LANGUAGE INTERVENTIO KINSEY C, 1990, APHASIOLOGY, V4, P281, DOI 10.1080/02687039008249080 McNeil MR, 1997, APHASIOLOGY, V11, P385, DOI 10.1080/02687039708248479 Nickels L, 1996, APHASIOLOGY, V10, P109, DOI 10.1080/02687039608248401 Nickels L, 2002, APHASIOLOGY, V16, P935, DOI 10.1080/02687030244000563 NICKELS L, 1992, COGNITIVE NEUROPSYCH, V9, P155, DOI 10.1080/02643299208252057 Purdy M., 2002, APHASIOLOGY, V16, P549, DOI 10.1080/02687030244000176 RAYMER AM, 1993, APHASIOLOGY, V7, P27, DOI 10.1080/02687039308249498 Robson J, 1998, J INT NEUROPSYCH SOC, V4, P675 STACHOWIAK FJ, 1993, DEV ASSESSMENT REHAB, P354 VANDESANTKOENDE.WM, 1993, DEV ASSESSMENT REHAB, P347 VANLOONVERVOORN WA, 1995, LOGOPEDIE FONIATRIE, V2, P35 VANMOURIK M, 1992, APHASIOLOGY, V6, P179, DOI 10.1080/02687039208248589 Wambaugh JL, 2001, APHASIOLOGY, V15, P933 Weigl E., 1927, Z PSYCHOL, V103, P2 NR 37 TC 23 Z9 23 PU PSYCHOLOGY PRESS PI HOVE PA 27 CHURCH RD, HOVE BN3 2FA, EAST SUSSEX, ENGLAND SN 0268-7038 J9 APHASIOLOGY JI Aphasiology PD MAR PY 2004 VL 18 IS 3 BP 213 EP 222 DI 10.1080/02687030344000580 PG 10 WC Clinical Neurology SC Neurosciences & Neurology GA 810QO UT WOS:000220719000003 ER PT J AU Wallesch, CW Johannsen-Horbach, H AF Wallesch, CW Johannsen-Horbach, H TI Computers in aphasia therapy: Effects and side-effects SO APHASIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID COMMUNICATION-SYSTEM; VIRTUAL-REALITY; STROKE PATIENTS; REHABILITATION; EFFICACY AB We review published studies on the use of computers in aphasia therapy. Computer-based treatment seems attractive, especially as it may allow for massed practice. We discuss possible side-effects. Aphasia rehabilitation must aim at a reduction of handicap. At least one published study described an improvement in functional communication after treatment with a comprehensive programme that included both therapist-delivered speech-language therapy and home computer training. It cannot be decided to what extent functional communication-orientation of the programme, computer use, intensity of treatment, or even other factors contributed to the positive effect, as no control group was included. A randomised controlled trial with adequate control groups and adequate, handicap-oriented outcome measurements is warranted to evaluate the effectiveness of the computer component and its effect size. C1 Otto von Guericke Univ, Dept Neurol, D-39120 Magdeburg, Germany. Inst Neurol & Neurosurg Rehabil Res, Magdeburg, Germany. Sch Speech Therapy, Freiburg, Germany. RP Wallesch, CW (reprint author), Otto von Guericke Univ, Dept Neurol, Leipziger Str 44, D-39120 Magdeburg, Germany. EM neuro.wallesch@medizin-uni-magdeburg.de CR Aftonomos LB, 1999, STROKE, V30, P1370 Grealy MA, 1999, ARCH PHYS MED REHAB, V80, P661, DOI 10.1016/S0003-9993(99)90169-7 HERRMANN M, 1989, APHASIOLOGY, V3, P513, DOI 10.1080/02687038908249019 Hillis AE, 1998, J INT NEUROPSYCH SOC, V4, P648, DOI 10.1017/S135561779846613X Jacobs BJ, 2001, BRAIN LANG, V78, P115, DOI 10.1006/brln.2001.2452 JOHANNSENHORBACH H, 1985, BRAIN LANG, V24, P74, DOI 10.1016/0093-934X(85)90098-7 KASTEN E, 1998, NAT MED, V4, P1005 Katz RC, 1997, J SPEECH LANG HEAR R, V40, P493 Liepert J, 2001, J NEUROL, V248, P315, DOI 10.1007/s004150170207 LOMAS J, 1989, J SPEECH HEAR DISORD, V54, P113 MATTHEWS CG, 1992, TCN GUIDE PROFESSION, P120 Petheram B, 1996, DISABIL REHABIL, V18, P21 Pulvermuller F, 2001, STROKE, V32, P1621 Reimer WJMSO, 1998, STROKE, V29, P1605 Ring H, 1998, DISABIL REHABIL, V20, P98 ROBEY RR, 1994, BRAIN LANG, V47, P582, DOI 10.1006/brln.1994.1060 TAUB E, 1993, ARCH PHYS MED REHAB, V74, P347 Waller A, 1998, INT J LANG COMM DIS, V33, P45 Webster JS, 2001, ARCH PHYS MED REHAB, V82, P769, DOI 10.1053/apmr.2001.23201 WEINRICH M, 1995, APHASIOLOGY, V9, P343, DOI 10.1080/02687039508248209 Weinrich M, 1997, CLIN NEUROSCI, V4, P103 WENZ C, 1990, PSYCHOTHER PSYCH MED, V40, P488 Wright P, 2001, BRAIN INJURY, V15, P787, DOI 10.1080/02699050110045161 NR 23 TC 11 Z9 11 PU PSYCHOLOGY PRESS PI HOVE PA 27 CHURCH RD, HOVE BN3 2FA, EAST SUSSEX, ENGLAND SN 0268-7038 J9 APHASIOLOGY JI Aphasiology PD MAR PY 2004 VL 18 IS 3 BP 223 EP 228 DI 10.1080/02687030444000039 PG 6 WC Clinical Neurology SC Neurosciences & Neurology GA 810QO UT WOS:000220719000004 ER PT J AU Wertz, R Katz, R AF Wertz, R Katz, R TI Outcomes of computer-provided treatment for aphasia SO APHASIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID VISUAL COMMUNICATION; REHABILITATION; REMEDIATION; EFFICACY; LANGUAGE; THERAPY AB Background : Computers have become a familiar component of aphasia treatment over the past 20 years. Published research continues to indicate the influence computerised treatment may have on improving language performance of aphasic adults. As a result of the move to develop evidenced-based clinical guidelines, there is a need to evaluate the research methodology and the level of evidence provided by computerised interventions for aphasia. Aims : The purposes of this paper are to evaluate examples of reports in the computerised treatment for aphasia outcomes research literature by applying precise definitions of the treatment outcome research terminology, placing the examples within the context of the five-phase treatment outcomes research model, applying a level of evidence scale to rate the evidence provided by the selected examples, and speculating where we are and where we may need to go in demonstrating the influence of computer-provided treatment on improvement in aphasia. Methods & Procedures : We applied Robey and Schultz's (1998) model for conducting clinical-outcome research in aphasia and the level of evidence scale developed by the American Academy of Neurology (1994) to the results of computer-provided aphasia treatment studies. Eight Phase 1 studies, three series of Phase 2 studies, and one Phase 3 study are described as examples. Outcomes & Results : While several Phase 1 and 2 studies imply that computer-provided treatment is active in the treatment of people with aphasia, evidence to support the efficacy of computerised treatment for adults with aphasia is based on a single Phase 3 study. Additional Phase 3 studies are needed to demonstrate the efficacy of additional treatment software, and Phase 4 and Phase 5 studies are necessary to demonstrate the effectiveness and efficiency of computerised treatment for people with aphasia. C1 Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Nashville, TN 37212 USA. Vanderbilt Univ, Sch Med, Nashville, TN 37212 USA. VA Med Ctr, Phoenix, AZ USA. Arizona State Univ, Tempe, AZ USA. RP Wertz, R (reprint author), Vet Affairs Med Ctr, 1310 24th Ave S, Nashville, TN 37212 USA. EM robert.wertz@med.va.gov CR FERGUSON JH, 1994, NEUROLOGY, V44, P566 Aftonomos LB, 1997, ARCH PHYS MED REHAB, V78, P841, DOI 10.1016/S0003-9993(97)90197-0 CRERAR MA, 1995, TREATMENT APHASIA TH, P223 Crerar MA, 1996, BRAIN LANG, V52, P229, DOI 10.1006/brln.1996.0010 DELOCHE G, 1993, APHASIOLOGY, V7, P201, DOI 10.1080/02687039308249506 Duffy J. R., 2001, LANGUAGE INTERVENTIO, P341 GARDNER RA, 1969, SCIENCE, V165, P664, DOI 10.1126/science.165.3894.664 GARDNER H, 1976, NEUROPSYCHOLOGIA, V14, P275, DOI 10.1016/0028-3932(76)90023-3 HORNER J, 1994, LANGUAGE INTERVENTIO, P1135 Katz R. C., 1982, CLIN APHASIOLOGY 198, P153 KATZ RC, 1983, CLIN APHASIOLOGY 198, P65 Katz RC, 1997, J SPEECH LANG HEAR R, V40, P493 KATZ RC, 1984, CLIN APHASIOLOGY 198, P159 KATZ RC, 1989, CLIN APHASIOLOGY 198, P321 KATZ RC, 1985, CLIN APHASIOLOGY C P, P184 Kertesz A., 1982, W APHASIA BATTERY Loverso F L, 1988, J Rehabil Res Dev, V25, P47 LOVERSO FL, 1992, APHASIOLOGY, V6, P155, DOI 10.1080/02687039208248587 LOVERSO FL, 1979, CLIN APHASIOLOGY 197, P229 LOVERSO FL, 1988, CLIN APHASIOLOGY, V18, P297 LOVERSO FL, 1985, CLIN APHASIOLOGY, P189 Mills R., 1982, CLIN APHASIOLOGY 198, P147 Office of Technology Assessment, 1978, OTAH75 PORCH BE, 1981, PORCH INDEX COMMUNIC, V1 PREMACK D, 1970, PSYCHOL TODAY, V4, P55 Robey RR, 1998, APHASIOLOGY, V12, P787, DOI 10.1080/02687039808249573 Robey RR, 1998, J SPEECH LANG HEAR R, V41, P172 ROBINSON I, 1990, APHASIOLOGY, V4, P381 Schuell H, 1964, APHASIA ADULTS SCHUELL H, 1974, APHASIA THEORY THERA SCOTT C, 1989, APHASIOLOGY, V3, P301, DOI 10.1080/02687038908248996 Sederer L, 1996, OUTCOMES ASSESSMENT, P1 SERON X, 1980, J SPEECH HEAR DISORD, V45, P45 Steele R. D., 1987, CLIN APHASIOLOGY 198, P46 STEELE RD, 1989, NEUROPSYCHOLOGIA, V27, P409, DOI 10.1016/0028-3932(89)90048-1 WEINRICH M, 1993, BRAIN LANG, V45, P21, DOI 10.1006/brln.1993.1031 WEINRICH M, 1989, APHASIOLOGY, V3, P501, DOI 10.1080/02687038908249018 Wertz RT, 2001, APHASIOLOGY, V15, P231, DOI 10.1080/02687040042000232 NR 38 TC 18 Z9 19 PU PSYCHOLOGY PRESS PI HOVE PA 27 CHURCH RD, HOVE BN3 2FA, EAST SUSSEX, ENGLAND SN 0268-7038 J9 APHASIOLOGY JI Aphasiology PD MAR PY 2004 VL 18 IS 3 BP 229 EP 244 DI 10.1080/02687030444000048 PG 16 WC Clinical Neurology SC Neurosciences & Neurology GA 810QO UT WOS:000220719000005 ER PT J AU van de Sandt-Koenderman, M AF van de Sandt-Koenderman, M TI High-tech AAC and aphasia: Widening horizons? SO APHASIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID COMMUNICATION; ADULTS; REHABILITATION; THERAPY; CONVERSATION; IMPROVEMENT; EFFICACY; OUTCOMES; PEOPLE; SPEECH AB Background : Many people with aphasia are trained to use low-tech AAC strategies (Alternative and Augmentative Communication) to support communication, but high-tech communication aids are introduced only incidentally. The factors influencing success and failure of low-tech AAC are relevant for the development of high-tech communication aids for aphasia. Aims : To review the state of the art in low-tech and high-tech AAC applications for aphasia. Main Contribution : Although there is there is a wealth of knowledge among therapists, there is very little research to support the efficacy of AAC techniques. Many authors stress the heterogeneity of the aphasic population, not only in the characteristics of the aphasia, but also in communicative abilities and needs, cognitive abilities, motivation, and social situation. Therefore, AAC devices should be individualised and "tailor-made", taking advantage of residual language skills and communicative strengths. A common problem is that acquired AAC skills are often not used in daily communication. Several factors may play a role, e.g., lack of motivation, inadequate vocabulary, insufficient training, or cognitive or linguistic limitations. So far, functional use of assistive technology has received relatively little attention, but a portable device with ready-made messages for specific communicative situations appeared to be used in every day life. Conclusions : Computer technology has much to offer for supporting aphasic communication, not only for people with a very severe aphasia, who do not benefit from disorder-oriented therapy, but also for people with a moderate or mild aphasia. Research into AAC and aphasia, focusing on functional use, is needed in order to build and refine communication aids that are easy to use and can be tailored individually. C1 Rotterdam Aphasia Fdn, Rijndam Rehabil Ctr, NL-3015 LJ Rotterdam, Netherlands. RP van de Sandt-Koenderman, M (reprint author), Rotterdam Aphasia Fdn, Rijndam Rehabil Ctr, Westersingel 300, NL-3015 LJ Rotterdam, Netherlands. EM m.sandt@rijndam.nl CR Aftonomos LB, 1997, ARCH PHYS MED REHAB, V78, P841, DOI 10.1016/S0003-9993(97)90197-0 Aftonomos LB, 1999, STROKE, V30, P1370 Aitchison Jean, 1987, WORDS MIND Beck A. R., 1998, AUGMENTATIVE ALTERNA, V14, P184, DOI 10.1080/07434619812331278356 BERTONI B, 1991, APHASIOLOGY, V5, P341, DOI 10.1080/02687039108248535 BRUCE C, 1987, BRIT J DISORD COMMUN, V22, P191 Bryan K, 1998, APHASIOLOGY, V12, P179, DOI 10.1080/02687039808250474 Cicerone KD, 2000, ARCH PHYS MED REHAB, V81, P1596, DOI 10.1053/apmr.2000.19240 COLBY KM, 1982, BRAIN LANG, V14, P272 Cruice M, 2003, APHASIOLOGY, V17, P333, DOI 10.1080/02687030244000707 Davidson B, 2003, APHASIOLOGY, V17, P243, DOI 10.1080/02687030244000653 Davis G., 1981, LANGUAGE INTERVENTIO, P169 DEVRIES LA, 2001, HET TAALZAKBOEK Doesborgh S, 2004, APHASIOLOGY, V18, P213, DOI 10.1080/02687030344000580 Dye R., 1998, NAT LANG ENG, V4, P57, DOI 10.1017/S1351324998001867 Feyereisen P., 1988, APHASIOLOGY, V2, P21, DOI 10. 1080/02687038808248884 Fox LE, 2001, APHASIOLOGY, V15, P171, DOI 10.1080/02687040042000133 FUNNELL E, 1989, APHASIOLOGY, V3, P279, DOI 10.1080/02687038908248995 Garrett K. L., 1992, AUGMENTATIVE COMMUNI, P245 Garrett KL, 2002, APHASIOLOGY, V16, P523, DOI 10.1080/02687030244000149 HIER DB, 1977, BRAIN LANG, V4, P208 HUX K, 1994, LANGUAGE INTERVENTIO, P338 Hux K. D., 2001, LANGUAGE INTERVENTIO, P675 Kagan A, 1998, APHASIOLOGY, V12, P816, DOI 10.1080/02687039808249575 Katz RC, 1997, J SPEECH LANG HEAR R, V40, P493 KATZ RC, 2001, LANGUAGE INTERVENTIO, P718 Koul R., 1998, AUGMENTATIVE ALTERNA, V14, P11, DOI 10.1080/07434619812331278166 KRAAT AW, 1990, APHASIOLOGY, V4, P321, DOI 10.1080/02687039008249086 LEVELT W, 1989, SPEAKING INTENTION A LIGHT J, 1991, AUGMENTATIVE ALTERNA, V1, P186 Linebarger MC, 2002, BRAIN LANG, V83, P169 Linebarger MC, 2000, BRAIN LANG, V75, P416, DOI 10.1006/brln.2000.2378 LYON JG, 1995, APHASIOLOGY, V9, P33, DOI 10.1080/02687039508248687 Murphy J, 1996, EUR J DISORDER COMM, V31, P31 Pedersen PM, 2001, APHASIOLOGY, V15, P151, DOI 10.1080/02687040042000106 Pulvermuller F, 2001, STROKE, V32, P1621 RAO P, 2001, LANGUAGE INTERVENTIO, P688 Robey RR, 1998, APHASIOLOGY, V12, P787, DOI 10.1080/02687039808249573 ROBEY RR, 1994, BRAIN LANG, V47, P585 SCOTT C, 1989, APHASIOLOGY, V3, P301, DOI 10.1080/02687038908248996 SEMENZA C, 1992, J NEUROL NEUROSUR PS, V55, P205, DOI 10.1136/jnnp.55.3.205 Shelton JR, 1996, APHASIOLOGY, V10, P319, DOI 10.1080/02687039608248415 STEELE RD, 1989, NEUROPSYCHOLOGIA, V27, P409, DOI 10.1016/0028-3932(89)90048-1 STOCHOWIAK FJ, 1993, DEV ASSESSMENT REHAB, P354 STUMPEL MJE, 1989, AFASIETHERAPIE, P182 VANDESANTKOENDE.WM, 1993, DEV ASSESSMENT REHAB, P347 VANMOURIK M, 1992, APHASIOLOGY, V6, P179, DOI 10.1080/02687039208248589 VANMOURIK M, 1992, APHASIOLOGY, V6, P491, DOI 10.1080/02687039208249486 VERSCHAEVE MAH, 1994, LOGOPEDIE FONIATRIE, V5, P151 VERSCHAEVE MAW, 1998, LOGOPEDIE FONIATRIE, V11, P81 VISCHBRINK EG, 1993, APHASIA TREATMENT WO VISCHBRINK EG, 1999, WORDS ACTION Waller A, 1998, INT J LANG COMM DIS, V33, P45 WEINRICH M, 1995, APHASIOLOGY, V9, P343, DOI 10.1080/02687039508248209 WHURR R, 1992, EUR J DISORDER COMM, V27, P1 WIEGERS JJ, 2002, LOGOPEDIE FONIATRIE, V74, P180 World Health Organization, 2001, ICF INT CLASS FUNCT Worrall L., 1999, FUNCTIONAL COMMUNICA Worrall L., 2000, NEUROGENIC COMMUNICA Yoshihata H, 1998, APHASIOLOGY, V12, P1035, DOI 10.1080/02687039808249468 NR 60 TC 18 Z9 18 PU PSYCHOLOGY PRESS PI HOVE PA 27 CHURCH RD, HOVE BN3 2FA, EAST SUSSEX, ENGLAND SN 0268-7038 J9 APHASIOLOGY JI Aphasiology PD MAR PY 2004 VL 18 IS 3 BP 245 EP 263 DI 10.1080/02687030344000571 PG 19 WC Clinical Neurology SC Neurosciences & Neurology GA 810QO UT WOS:000220719000006 ER PT J AU Egan, J Worrall, L Oxenham, D AF Egan, J Worrall, L Oxenham, D TI Accessible Internet training package helps people with aphasia cross the digital divide SO APHASIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID AGE; TASKS AB Background : The Internet is a source of information, communication, and leisure opportunities for people with aphasia. However, accessible training is one of several barriers for people with aphasia in using the Internet. Aims : This study developed and trialled special aphasia-friendly Internet training materials for people with aphasia. Methods & Procedures : A total of 20 people with aphasia were matched with volunteer tutors. The tutor-student pairs met for six lessons. Pre- and post-test Internet skills assessments were conducted and attitudinal questionnaires were completed. The training materials were based on Microsoft Internet Explorer 5.5 and consisted of a tutor's manual and a manual for the Internet student with aphasia. These materials are available as a free download from: http://www.shrs.uq.edu.au/cdaru/aphasiagroups/ Outcomes & Results : Significant differences between pre and post scores were found and participants reached a range of levels of independence following the training. The majority reported favourable outcomes. Conclusions. Results indicated that it was possible for people with aphasia to learn to use the Internet when they were taught in a one-to-one teaching situation with the use of accessible training manuals. C1 Univ Queensland, Dept Speech Pathol & Audiol, Commun Disabil Ageing Res Unit, Brisbane, Qld 4072, Australia. RP Worrall, L (reprint author), Univ Queensland, Dept Speech Pathol & Audiol, Commun Disabil Ageing Res Unit, Brisbane, Qld 4072, Australia. EM l.worrall@uq.edu.au RI Worrall, Linda/D-2579-2010 OI Worrall, Linda/0000-0002-3283-7038 CR CLOTHIER P, 1996, COMPLETE COMPUTER TR Echt KV, 1998, EDUC GERONTOL, V24, P3, DOI 10.1080/0360127980240101 EGAN J, 2001, QUEENSLAND U APHASIA Elman RJ, 2001, APHASIOLOGY, V15, P895, DOI 10.1080/02687040143000267 JORDAN L, 1996, APHASIA SOCIAL APPRO KAYE HS, 2000, 13 CAL U Kertesz A., 1982, W APHASIA BATTERY MORRELL RW, 1993, PSYCHOL AGING, V8, P389 *NAT OFF INF EC, 2001, STRAT FRAM INF EC OWENS J, 2001, LIT REV COMPUTER INT PARR S, 1999, APHASIA HDB PENG R, 1998, STROKE ENHANCING QUA, P233 PILLAY H, 2000, TECHNOLOGY UPTAKE SC *R PRYOR ASS COMM, 2000, WEBS FOUND DISCR Riviere CN, 1996, J REHABIL RES DEV, V33, P6 Morrell RW, 1996, AGING AND SKILLED PERFORMANCE, P241 STODDARD S, 2001, AM REHABILITATION, V26, P1 2001, COMMONWEALTH DISABIL NR 18 TC 13 Z9 13 PU PSYCHOLOGY PRESS PI HOVE PA 27 CHURCH RD, HOVE BN3 2FA, EAST SUSSEX, ENGLAND SN 0268-7038 J9 APHASIOLOGY JI Aphasiology PD MAR PY 2004 VL 18 IS 3 BP 265 EP 280 DI 10.1080/02687030344000562 PG 16 WC Clinical Neurology SC Neurosciences & Neurology GA 810QO UT WOS:000220719000007 ER PT J AU Cole-Virtue, J Nickels, L AF Cole-Virtue, J Nickels, L TI Spoken word to picture matching from PALPA: A critique and some new matched sets SO APHASIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID APHASIA; PROOF; TASKS AB Background : PALPA (Psycholinguistic Assessments of Language Processing in Aphasia; Kay, Lesser, & Coltheart, 1992) is a widely used clinical and research tool. Subtest 47, Spoken word-picture matching, requires the individual with aphasia to listen to a spoken word and correctly choose from five distractor pictures (target, close semantic, distant semantic, visually related, and semantically unrelated). It contributes diagnostically to the clinical evaluation of semantic processing. The authors claim that, first, errors on this test indicate that a semantic comprehension problem is present, and second, that distractor choice reflects the semantic specificity of the problem. For accurate clinical assessment the validity of these claims must be evaluated. Aims : This paper aims to evaluate the internal validity of PALPA spoken word-picture matching. It addresses two questions; first, is the relationship between the target and distractors what the authors claim it to be? Second, what is the relationship between the target and distractor stimuli in relation to a number of psycholinguistic variables? In addition it allows the clinician to examine the effects of individual variables on performance by including matched subsets of stimuli from this test (matched across five psycholinguistic variables: frequency, imageability, number of phonemes, semantic and visual similarity, word association). Methods and Procedures : Target and distractor relationships were investigated (in terms of semantic and visual similarity and word category) and psycholinguistic variables (including word frequency, word association, imageability, number of phonemes, semantic and visual similarity). Outcomes and Results : Analysis revealed a number of confounds within this test: close semantic distractors were not only more semantically similar but also more visually similar to their targets than distant semantic distractors; the semantic and visual (SV) close semantic distractors were more semantically similar to their targets than the non-SV close semantic distractors; targets and distractors did not bear a consistent categorical relationship to their targets, and there were significant intercorrelations between variables for these stimuli (e.g., frequency and length; semantic/visual similarity and length). Conclusions : The authors' claim that this test assesses semantic comprehension is certainly still tenable. Individuals making errors on this test have a high probability of some semantic processing deficit. However, this study shows that the test fails to assess the nature of the semantic processing deficit, as error patterns are subject to the effect of confounding factors. In its current form clinicians should exercise caution when interpreting test findings and be aware of its limitations. The development, here, of matched subsets of stimuli allows performance to be re-evaluated in terms of the influence of semantic and visual similarity, imageability, frequency, word length, and word association. C1 Macquarie Univ, Macquarie Ctr Cognit Sci MACCS, Div Linguist & Psychol, Sydney, NSW 2109, Australia. RP Cole-Virtue, J (reprint author), Macquarie Univ, Macquarie Ctr Cognit Sci MACCS, Div Linguist & Psychol, Sydney, NSW 2109, Australia. EM jenny@maces.mq.edu.au; lyndsey@maces.mq.edu.au CR Baayen R. H., 1993, CELEX LEXICAL DATABA Basso A, 1996, APHASIOLOGY, V10, P190, DOI 10.1080/02687039608248405 BISHOP D, 1984, COGNITIVE NEUROPSYCH, V1, P233, DOI 10.1080/02643298408252024 *CISD, 1996, ED ASS THES Cole-Virtue J, 2004, APHASIOLOGY, V18, P153, DOI 10.1080/02687030344000517 COLTHEART M, 1981, Q J EXP PSYCHOL-A, V33, P497 Coltheart M., 1980, DEEP DYSLEXIA CUTLER A, 1981, COGNITION, V10, P65, DOI 10.1016/0010-0277(81)90026-3 FERGUSON F, 1996, APHASIOLOGY, V10, P193 FORDE E, 1995, MEMORY, V3, P265, DOI 10.1080/09658219508253154 Kay J, 1996, APHASIOLOGY, V10, P159, DOI 10.1080/02687039608248403 Kay J, 1996, APHASIOLOGY, V10, P202, DOI 10.1080/02687039608248408 Kay J., 1992, PSYCHOLINGUISTIC ASS LESSER R, 1981, LINGUISTIC INVESTIGA MARSHALL J, 1990, APHASIOLOGY, V4, P167, DOI 10.1080/02687039008249068 Morrison CM, 1997, Q J EXP PSYCHOL-A, V50, P528 Morton J., 1970, MODELS HUMAN MEMORY Neely J. H., 1991, BASIC PROCESSES READ SHELTON JR, 1992, J EXP PSYCHOL LEARN, V18, P1191, DOI 10.1037//0278-7393.18.6.1191 SILVERI MC, 1992, BRAIN LANG, V43, P597, DOI 10.1016/0093-934X(92)90085-S Silveri MC, 1996, BRAIN LANG, V54, P326, DOI 10.1006/brln.1996.0078 Wertz RT, 1996, APHASIOLOGY, V10, P180, DOI 10.1080/02687039608248404 NR 22 TC 2 Z9 2 PU PSYCHOLOGY PRESS PI HOVE PA 27 CHURCH RD, HOVE BN3 2FA, EAST SUSSEX, ENGLAND SN 0268-7038 J9 APHASIOLOGY JI Aphasiology PD FEB PY 2004 VL 18 IS 2 BP 77 EP 102 DI 10.1080/02687030344000346 PG 26 WC Clinical Neurology SC Neurosciences & Neurology GA 804ON UT WOS:000220308100002 ER PT J AU Nickels, L Cole-Virtue, J AF Nickels, L Cole-Virtue, J TI Reading tasks from PALPA: How do controls perform on visual lexical decision, homophony, rhyme, and synonym judgements? SO APHASIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID SCORE DIFFERENCES; NEUROPSYCHOLOGY; ABNORMALITY; PROOF AB Background : PALPA (Psycholinguistic Assessments of Language Processing in Aphasia; Kay, Lesser, & Coltheart, 1992) is a resource widely used by both clinicians and researchers. However, several of the subtests lack data regarding the performance of proficient English language speakers on these tasks. Aims : This paper investigates factors affecting the speed and accuracy of performance of young control participants on four assessments from PALPA: Visual lexical decision (subtest 25); synonym judgements (subtest 50); rhyme judgements (subtest 15); and homophone judgements (subtest 28). Methods and Procedures : Data are presented regarding both speed and accuracy of performance on each of the four tasks, and statistical analysis of those factors that influence performance within each test is carried out, for the participants as a group and also for the individuals within the group. Outcomes and Results: Visual lexical decision showed significant effects of frequency on response latency and accuracy, and of lexicality and imageability on response latency alone; synonym judgements showed significant effects of imageability on response latency; significant effects of word type were found on response latency for homophone judgements; for rhyme judgements there was a significant effect of rhyme for both accuracy and latency, and a significant interaction between rhyme and visual similarity. Conclusions : For the clinician seeking to interpret the performance of the person with aphasia on the tasks we have described here, we have presented data that provide some indication of the speed and accuracy of performance of young controls on these tasks. It is clear that ceiling effects in accuracy mask effects of psycholinguistic variables on normal performance that become apparent when speed of response is considered. However, performance is far from at ceiling for all the tasks described--some participants perform close to chance on some conditions. Finally, these data highlight the fact that comparison of the pattern of performance of individual participants with that of a group of controls can be problematic given the variability of control patterns of performance. C1 Macquarie Univ, Macquarie Ctr Cognit Sci MACCS, Sydney, NSW 2109, Australia. RP Nickels, L (reprint author), Macquarie Univ, Macquarie Ctr Cognit Sci MACCS, Sydney, NSW 2109, Australia. EM lyndsey@maces.mq.edu.au CR Basso A, 1996, APHASIOLOGY, V10, P190, DOI 10.1080/02687039608248405 BEST W, 2000, SEMANTIC PROCESSING Crawford JR, 1998, J CLIN EXP NEUROPSYC, V20, P898, DOI 10.1076/jcen.20.6.898.1112 Crawford JR, 2002, NEUROPSYCHOLOGIA, V40, P1196, DOI 10.1016/S0028-3932(01)00224-X Crawford JR, 1998, J CLIN EXP NEUROPSYC, V20, P755, DOI 10.1076/jcen.20.5.755.1132 Forster KI, 2003, BEHAV RES METH INS C, V35, P116, DOI 10.3758/BF03195503 Kay J, 1996, APHASIOLOGY, V10, P202, DOI 10.1080/02687039608248408 Kay J., 1992, PALPA PSYCHOLINGUIST Marshall J, 1996, APHASIOLOGY, V10, P197, DOI 10.1080/02687039608248407 NICKELS LA, 2004, UNPUB EFFECTS IMAGEA Wertz RT, 1996, APHASIOLOGY, V10, P180, DOI 10.1080/02687039608248404 NR 11 TC 10 Z9 10 PU PSYCHOLOGY PRESS PI HOVE PA 27 CHURCH RD, HOVE BN3 2FA, EAST SUSSEX, ENGLAND SN 0268-7038 J9 APHASIOLOGY JI Aphasiology PD FEB PY 2004 VL 18 IS 2 BP 103 EP 126 DI 10.1080/02687030344000517 PG 24 WC Clinical Neurology SC Neurosciences & Neurology GA 804ON UT WOS:000220308100003 ER PT J AU Cole-Virtue, J Nickels, L AF Cole-Virtue, J Nickels, L TI Why cabbage and not carrot? An investigation of factors affecting performance on spoken word to picture matching SO APHASIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID AUDITORY COMPREHENSION; APHASIA; NEUROPSYCHOLOGY; ACQUISITION; FREQUENCY; DAMAGE; ANOMIA; EASIER; AGE AB Background: Word-picture matching tasks have been widely used to assess semantic processing in aphasia, but as yet have received little critical evaluation. Successful performance on a word-picture matching task employs several components of the language-processing system, including lexical and semantic processing of word stimuli and the visual and semantic processing of picture stimuli. Hence it is not only semantic impairments that can affect performance on this task--breakdown in processing at any point from early auditory or visual processing of the word or visual perception of the pictures can affect accuracy. Consequently, performance on a word-picture matching task might be affected by psycholinguistic variables that pertain to any of these levels of processing, such as imageability, word length, word frequency, and the relationship of the distractors to the target. Aims: This study aimed to investigate the factors affecting word-picture matching performance, using one of the most widely used word-picture matching tasks (Subtest 47, Spoken word-picture matching, from PALPA; Kay, Lesser, & Coltheart, 1992). Methods and Procedures: The performance and error patterns of 54 participants with aphasia and 51 elderly control participants, who had completed spoken word-picture matching (subtest number 47) from PALPA, were evaluated. Correlation and regression analyses were used to investigate effects of psycholinguistic variables on performance (frequency, imageability, number of phonemes, semantic and visual similarity, and word association). Outcomes and Results: No variable was found to significantly affect control performance, due to ceiling effects. Imageability, semantic similarity, and word association affected the aphasic participant group performance. Six of the individuals with aphasia showed a significant effect on performance of at least one of four variables; imageability, semantic similarity, frequency, and word association. Conclusions: This study demonstrates that three psycholinguistic variables significantly affect the performance of both the group with aphasia and some individual participants with aphasia. It suggests that accuracy can be influenced not only by the nature of the relationship of the stimuli within the test but also by the individual level of language processing breakdown. Clinicians and researchers need to be mindful of this when using word-picture matching as the basis of their assessment of semantic processing in aphasia. C1 Macquarie Univ, Macquarie Ctr Cognit Sci MACCS, Div Linguist & Psychol, Sydney, NSW 2109, Australia. RP Cole-Virtue, J (reprint author), Macquarie Univ, Macquarie Ctr Cognit Sci MACCS, Div Linguist & Psychol, Sydney, NSW 2109, Australia. EM jcole@maces.mq.edu.au CR Baayen R. H., 1993, CELEX LEXICAL DATABA Best W, 1995, CORTEX, V31, P637 BISHOP D, 1984, COGNITIVE NEUROPSYCH, V1, P233, DOI 10.1080/02643298408252024 BREEDIN SD, 1994, COGNITIVE NEUROPSYCH, V2, P617 BUTTERWORTH B, 1984, NEUROPSYCHOLOGIA, V22, P409, DOI 10.1016/0028-3932(84)90036-8 CARAMAZZA A, 1984, BRAIN LANG, V21, P9, DOI 10.1016/0093-934X(84)90032-4 CIPOLOTTI L, 1995, MEMORY, V3, P309, DOI 10.1080/09658219508253155 Cole-Virtue J, 2004, APHASIOLOGY, V18, P77, DOI 10.1080/02687030344000346 COLTHEART M, 1981, Q J EXP PSYCHOL-A, V33, P497 Coltheart M., 1980, DEEP DYSLEXIA *CSID, 1996, ED ASS THES Dunn L. M., 1981, PEABODY PICTURE VOCA FORDE E, 1995, MEMORY, V3, P265, DOI 10.1080/09658219508253154 FORSTER KI, 1990, LANGUAGE INVITATION, V1, P95 Franklin S., 1992, ADA COMPREHENSION BA FRANKLIN S, 1995, COGNITIVE NEUROPSYCH, V12, P549, DOI 10.1080/02643299508252007 Franklin S, 1996, COGNITIVE NEUROPSYCH, V13, P1139, DOI 10.1080/026432996381683 FRANKLIN S, 1989, APHASIOLOGY, V3, P189, DOI 10.1080/02687038908248991 GERMANI MJ, 1995, APHASIOLOGY, V9, P1, DOI 10.1080/02687039508248685 GILHOOLY KJ, 1980, BEHAV RES METH INSTR, V12, P395, DOI 10.3758/BF03201693 Goodglass H, 1972, ASSESSMENT APHASIA R Howard D., 1988, MISSING MEANING Kay J, 1996, APHASIOLOGY, V10, P159, DOI 10.1080/02687039608248403 KAY J, 1987, BRAIN, V110, P613, DOI 10.1093/brain/110.3.613 Kay J., 1992, PALPA PSYCHOLINGUIST Kertesz A., 1982, W APHASIA BATTERY LESSER R, 1981, LINGUISTIC INVESTIGA Marshall J, 2001, CORTEX, V37, P33, DOI 10.1016/S0010-9452(08)70556-2 McRae K, 1998, J EXP PSYCHOL LEARN, V24, P558, DOI 10.1037//0278-7393.24.3.558 Miceli G, 1996, BRAIN LANG, V52, P150, DOI 10.1006/brln.1996.0008 MORRIS J, 1997, THESIS U YORK Morrison CM, 1997, Q J EXP PSYCHOL-A, V50, P528 Morton J., 1970, MODELS HUMAN MEMORY MURPHY K, 1999, THESIS MACQUARIE U S Neely J. H., 1991, BASIC PROCESSES READ Nickels L., 1997, SPOKEN WORD PRODUCTI NICKELS L, 1995, NEUROPSYCHOLOGIA, V33, P1281, DOI 10.1016/0028-3932(95)00102-9 PLAUT DC, 1993, COGNITIVE NEUROPSYCH, V10, P377, DOI 10.1080/02643299308253469 SCHUELL H, 1961, J SPEECH HEAR RES, V4, P30 NR 39 TC 13 Z9 13 PU PSYCHOLOGY PRESS PI HOVE PA 27 CHURCH RD, HOVE BN3 2FA, EAST SUSSEX, ENGLAND SN 0268-7038 J9 APHASIOLOGY JI Aphasiology PD FEB PY 2004 VL 18 IS 2 BP 153 EP 179 DI 10.1080/02687030344000517 PG 27 WC Clinical Neurology SC Neurosciences & Neurology GA 804ON UT WOS:000220308100005 ER PT J AU Burchert, F De Bleser, R AF Burchert, F De Bleser, R TI Passives in agrammatic sentence comprehension: A German study SO APHASIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID BROCAS APHASIA; STRATEGIES; ARGUMENTS; VARIETIES; DEFICITS AB Background: A large number of studies examining agrammatic comprehension of canonical and non-canonical sentences in Broca's aphasia have focused on passives and results have been interpreted in theoretical frameworks such as the trace deletion hypothesis (TDH: Grodzinsky, 1995a). However, there are a number of unresolved issues associated with passives. The linguistic analysis of passive structures in different languages has remained controversial as well as the empirical neurolinguistic basis of agrammatic passive comprehension. In addition, a variety of morphological and semantic questions have been raised with respect to the implicit argument in short passives and the ordering of thematic roles reflected by different positions of the by-phrase in long passives. Aims: The major aims of the present study were to re-examine the analyses of passives with and without traces, the role of an implicit argument in short passives, and the influence of the position of the by-phrase on agrammatic sentence comprehension. Methods & Procedures: A binary picture-sentence matching task was administered to six non-fluent German agrammatic speakers. Various types of passives including long, short, and topicalised passives were tested. Additionally, comprehension of active SVO sentences was assessed in a separate but similar session. Only those patients whose comprehension on active sentences was above chance were included. Outcomes & Results: As a group, the six subjects performed above chance over all passive types. If only long canonical passives are considered, as is done in most studies, five subjects showed a pattern compatible with the TDH. However, the picture was modified if other passive constructions were taken into account, in which case only three of the six subjects showed TDH conformity. Conclusions: There is no unique pattern of agrammatic passive comprehension and only half of the agrammatic subjects conformed to the trace deletion hypothesis. Given the results on long canonical and topicalised passives, our data support linguistic analyses that assume a trace-based derivation of passives. Furthermore, the results are in line with linguistic analyses adopting an implicit argument in short passives. Since comprehension of topicalised passives with a canonical order of theta-roles was not better than that of long passives without a canonical order, the agrammatic problem with passives does not seem to hinge on semantics. C1 Univ Potsdam, Inst Linguist, PF 601553, D-14415 Potsdam, Germany. RP Burchert, F (reprint author), Univ Potsdam, Inst Linguist, PF 601553, D-14415 Potsdam, Germany. CR BADECKER W, 1991, CORTEX, V27, P311 BAKER M, 1989, LINGUIST INQ, V20, P219 Balogh J., 2000, GRAMMATICAL DISORDER, P88 Balogh J, 1996, BRAIN LANG, V55, P54 BATES E, 1987, BRAIN LANG, V32, P19, DOI 10.1016/0093-934X(87)90116-7 Beretta A, 2001, BRAIN LANG, V79, P407, DOI 10.1006/brln.2001.2495 Beretta A, 1999, BRAIN LANG, V67, P149, DOI 10.1006/brln.1999.2051 Berndt RS, 1996, COGNITION, V58, P289, DOI 10.1016/0010-0277(95)00682-6 Berndt RS, 1999, BRAIN LANG, V67, P242, DOI 10.1006/brln.1999.2130 Burchert F, 2003, BRAIN LANG, V87, P323, DOI 10.1016/S0093-934X(03)00132-9 CARAMAZZA A, 1976, BRAIN LANG, V3, P572, DOI 10.1016/0093-934X(76)90048-1 Chomsky N., 1981, LECT GOVT BINDING DRUKS J, 1995, COGNITION, V55, P311, DOI 10.1016/0010-0277(94)00651-Z ENBESTEN H, 1985, STUDIES GERMAN GRAMM, P23 Fox D, 1998, LINGUIST INQ, V29, P311, DOI 10.1162/002438998553761 FRIEDERICI AD, 1987, BRAIN LANG, V30, P93, DOI 10.1016/0093-934X(87)90030-7 Gnmshaw Jane, 1990, ARGUMENT STRUCTURE Grodzinsky Y, 1999, BRAIN LANG, V67, P134, DOI 10.1006/brln.1999.2050 GRODZINSKY Y, 1991, NAT LANG LINGUIST TH, V9, P431, DOI 10.1007/BF00135354 GRODZINSKY Y, 1995, BRAIN LANG, V50, P27, DOI 10.1006/brln.1995.1039 Grodzinsky Y, 2000, BEHAV BRAIN SCI, V23, P1, DOI 10.1017/S0140525X00002399 Grodzinsky Y, 1995, BRAIN LANG, V51, P469, DOI 10.1006/brln.1995.1072 Grodzinslcy Y., 1990, THEORETICAL PERSPECT HAGIWARA H, 1993, BRAIN LANG, V45, P318, DOI 10.1006/brln.1993.1049 Haider Hubert, 1993, DTSCH SYNTAX GENERAT Jackendoff Ray S., 1972, SEMANTIC INTERPRETAT JAEGGLI OA, 1986, LINGUIST INQ, V17, P587 Lenerz J, 1977, ABFOLGE NOMINALER SA LINEBARGER MC, 1995, BRAIN LANG, V50, P52, DOI 10.1006/brln.1995.1040 MANZINI MR, 1983, LINGUIST INQ, V14, P421 Otsu Y, 2000, BEHAV BRAIN SCI, V23, P45, DOI 10.1017/S0140525X00482397 PINANGO M, 2000, LANGUAGE BRAIN RAIN S, 1985, P 16 ANN M NELS GLSA SCHWARTZ MF, 1980, BRAIN LANG, V10, P249, DOI 10.1016/0093-934X(80)90055-3 WILLIAMS E, 1985, NAT LANG LINGUIST TH, V3, P297, DOI 10.1007/BF00154265 NR 35 TC 9 Z9 9 PU PSYCHOLOGY PRESS PI HOVE PA 27 CHURCH RD, HOVE BN3 2FA, EAST SUSSEX, ENGLAND SN 0268-7038 J9 APHASIOLOGY JI Aphasiology PD JAN PY 2004 VL 18 IS 1 BP 29 EP 45 DI 10.1080/02687030344000409 PG 17 WC Clinical Neurology SC Neurosciences & Neurology GA 768DY UT WOS:000188515100002 ER PT J AU Webster, J Franklin, S Howard, D AF Webster, J Franklin, S Howard, D TI Investigating the sub-processes involved in the production of thematic structure: An analysis of four people with aphasia SO APHASIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID WORD ORDER PROBLEM; SENTENCE PRODUCTION; VERB RETRIEVAL; AGRAMMATISM; THERAPY; COMPREHENSION; IMPAIRMENT; BRAIN AB Background: Schwartz (1987) suggested that three discrete sub-processes may be involved in the production of the thematic structure of sentences. These are: (1) The retrieval of the semantic representations of the main lexical items; (2) The specification of the predicate argument structure (PAS); and (3) The assignment of the lexical items to thematic roles within the PAS. There has been no comprehensive investigation of the three aspects of processing in the performance of individual people with aphasia. Aims: This study aimed to investigate the presence of the three sub-processes by determining whether they can be differentially impaired in aphasia. Methods & Procedures: Four people with aphasia (GW, JM, KD, and TJ) who had apparent difficulties in producing thematic structure were included in the study. They presented with similar surface symptoms in connected speech: a high percentage of single phrases, limited production of complex three-argument structures, and the omission of obligatory arguments. Their performance on various tests of single word and sentence processing was compared to that of normal control subjects and the pattern of errors analysed. Outcomes & Results: The clients presented with different patterns of impaired and retained performance and different patterns of error. This suggested that different underlying impairments were responsible for their poor production of thematic structure. All four clients presented with some verb retrieval difficulties, although only GW and TJ's deficits were of a semantic nature. TJ also had difficulty understanding and retrieving nouns, but when given the words showed awareness of the PAS and could assign thematic roles appropriately. JM presented with a specific difficulty specifying the PAS, and KD had a specific difficulty with thematic role assignment. GW had difficulties both with the specification of PAS and thematic role assignment. Conclusions: The results of the study suggest that difficulties in producing the thematic structure of sentences may be a consequence of different underlying impairments. The different impairments provide some support for the sub-processes suggested by Schwartz. The same surface symptoms in connected speech can be a consequence of different underlying impairments and thus if therapy is be targeted at the impaired process, treatment needs to be preceded by detailed assessment. C1 Univ Newcastle Upon Tyne, Newcastle Upon Tyne NE1 7RU, Tyne & Wear, England. RP Webster, J (reprint author), Univ Newcastle Upon Tyne, King George VI Bldg,Queen Victoria Rd, Newcastle Upon Tyne NE1 7RU, Tyne & Wear, England. EM janet.webster@ncl.ac.uk RI Franklin, Sue/F-9775-2011 CR Baayen R. H., 1995, CELEX LEXICAL DATABA Berndt RS, 1997, BRAIN LANG, V56, P107 Berndt RS, 1997, BRAIN LANG, V56, P68 Black M., 1991, J NEUROLINGUIST, V6, P79, DOI 10.1016/0911-6044(91)90002-Z Black M, 2003, LINGUISTICS CLIN Breedin SD, 1996, COGNITIVE NEUROPSYCH, V13, P51, DOI 10.1080/026432996382060 BYNG S, 1988, COGNITIVE NEUROPSYCH, V5, P629, DOI 10.1080/02643298808253277 BYNG S, 1989, APHASIOLOGY, V3, P241, DOI 10.1080/02687038908248993 CARAMAZZA A, 1991, NATURE, V349, P788, DOI 10.1038/349788a0 CARAMAZZA A, 1989, BRAIN LANG, V36, P625, DOI 10.1016/0093-934X(89)90091-6 Fink R. B., 1992, CLIN APHASIOLOGY, V21, P263 Garrett M. F., 1980, LANGUAGE PRODUCTION, V1 GLEASON JB, 1980, J SPEECH HEAR RES, V23, P370 JONES EV, 1986, BRIT J DISORD COMMUN, V21, P63 LEVELT W, 1989, SPEAKING INTENTION A LEVELT WJM, 1992, COGNITION, V42, P1, DOI 10.1016/0010-0277(92)90038-J Marshall J, 1997, APHASIOLOGY, V11, P855, DOI 10.1080/02687039708250461 Marshall J, 1998, BRAIN LANG, V63, P159, DOI 10.1006/brln.1998.1949 MARSHALL J, 1995, APHASIOLOGY, V9, P517, DOI 10.1080/02687039508248712 SAFFRAN EM, 1980, BRAIN LANG, V10, P263, DOI 10.1016/0093-934X(80)90056-5 Schwartz M. F., 1987, LANG COGNITIVE PROC, V2, P85, DOI 10.1080/01690968708406352 SCHWARTZ MF, 1995, NEUROPSYCHOL REHABIL, V5, P93, DOI 10.1080/09602019508520177 SCHWARTZ MF, 1987, COGNITIVE NEUROPSYCH, P163 SCHWARTZ MF, 1980, BRAIN LANG, V10, P249, DOI 10.1016/0093-934X(80)90055-3 SHAPIRO LP, 1990, BRAIN LANG, V38, P21, DOI 10.1016/0093-934X(90)90100-U SWINBURN K, IN PRESS COMPREHENSI Thompson CK, 1997, APHASIOLOGY, V11, P473, DOI 10.1080/02687039708248485 Webster J, 2001, BRAIN LANG, V78, P197, DOI 10.1006/brln.2001.2460 Webster J., 2000, VAN VERB NOUN TEST WEBSTER J, 2001, APHASIA THERAPY FILE, V2 WEBSTER J, 1999, THESIS U NEWCASTLE U WHITWORTH A, 1996, THEMATIC ROLES PRODU WHITWORTH AB, 1994, THESIS U NEWCASTLE U NR 33 TC 6 Z9 6 PU PSYCHOLOGY PRESS PI HOVE PA 27 CHURCH RD, HOVE BN3 2FA, EAST SUSSEX, ENGLAND SN 0268-7038 J9 APHASIOLOGY JI Aphasiology PD JAN PY 2004 VL 18 IS 1 BP 47 EP 68 DI 10.1080/02687030344000481 PG 22 WC Clinical Neurology SC Neurosciences & Neurology GA 768DY UT WOS:000188515100003 ER PT J AU Kim, M Thompson, C AF Kim, M Thompson, C TI Semantic anomaly judgement in individuals with probable Alzheimer's disease SO APHASIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID MINI-MENTAL-STATE; DEMENTIA; NOUNS; VERBS; COMPREHENSION; ORGANIZATION; IMPAIRMENT; KNOWLEDGE AB Background : Research has shown that individuals with probable Alzheimer's disease (PrAD) show impaired semantic knowledge of nouns. More specifically, while they demonstrate preserved superordinate category information, information regarding specific semantic attributes associated with subordinates appears to be disrupted. Results of some recent studies suggest that PrAD participants may also be impaired in processing semantic information associated with verbs. Aims : Provided that a parallel exists between PrAD participants' noun and verb impairment, it is plausible that the semantic deficits observed in the breakdown of their noun lexicon may also exist in their knowledge of verb-related information. This experiment examined PrAD participants' knowledge of the semantic restrictions associated with the complements of verbs. Methods & Procedures : Fourteen PrAD participants were asked to judge the semantic plausibility of 44 auditorily presented sentences. To examine their knowledge of the selection restriction of verbs, each verb was paired with two plausible complements that fully met the restriction, an implausible complement that violated the specific attributes required but belonged to the correct semantic category, and an implausible complement that violated the semantic category requirement. Outcomes & Results : Results showed that PrAD participants' errors were primarily on anomalous sentences that contained implausible complements that belonged to the correct semantic category. Conclusions : This finding confirms our hypothesis and suggests that a parallel pattern exists in PrAD participants' breakdown in noun and verb knowledge. C1 Univ Rhode Isl, Dept Communicat Disorders, Kingston, RI 02881 USA. Northwestern Univ, Evanston, IL USA. RP Kim, M (reprint author), Univ Rhode Isl, Dept Communicat Disorders, 3071 Kingstown Rd, Kingston, RI 02881 USA. EM mkim@uri.edu CR BAYLES KA, 1983, BRAIN LANG, V19, P98, DOI 10.1016/0093-934X(83)90057-3 CARAMAZZA A, 1991, NATURE, V349, P788, DOI 10.1038/349788a0 Chan AS, 1997, NEUROPSYCHOLOGIA, V35, P241, DOI 10.1016/S0028-3932(96)00067-X CHERTKOW H, 1989, BRAIN LANG, V36, P420, DOI 10.1016/0093-934X(89)90078-3 DAMASIO AR, 1993, P NATL ACAD SCI USA, V90, P4957, DOI 10.1073/pnas.90.11.4957 FOLSTEIN MF, 1975, J PSYCHIAT RES, V12, P189, DOI 10.1016/0022-3956(75)90026-6 GROBER E, 1985, BRAIN LANG, V26, P276, DOI 10.1016/0093-934X(85)90043-4 Grossman M, 1997, BRAIN LANG, V60, P443, DOI 10.1006/brln.1997.1841 Grossman M, 1996, BRAIN LANG, V54, P216, DOI 10.1006/brln.1996.0072 Grossman M, 1996, BRAIN LANG, V53, P369, DOI 10.1006/brln.1996.0054 HODGES JR, 1992, NEUROPSYCHOLOGIA, V30, P301, DOI 10.1016/0028-3932(92)90104-T HODGES JR, 1991, BRAIN, V114, P1547, DOI 10.1093/brain/114.4.1547 HUTTENLOCHER J, 1979, J VERB LEARN VERB BE, V18, P141, DOI 10.1016/S0022-5371(79)90091-4 JACKENDOFF R, 1976, LINGUIST INQ, V7, P89 Jackendoff Ray, 1983, SEMANTICS COGNITION Kaplan E, 1983, BOSTON NAMING TEST KIM M, IN PRESS BRAIN LANGU MARTIN A, 1983, BRAIN LANG, V19, P124, DOI 10.1016/0093-934X(83)90059-7 MCKHANN G, 1984, NEUROLOGY, V34, P939 Monsch A., 1994, NEUROPSYCHOLOGY, V8, P25, DOI 10.1037//0894-4105.8.1.25 Schank R.C., 1973, COMPUTER MODELS THOU SMITH SR, 1989, BRAIN LANG, V36, P314, DOI 10.1016/0093-934X(89)90068-0 TOMBAUGH TN, 1992, J AM GERIATR SOC, V40, P922 NR 23 TC 2 Z9 2 PU PSYCHOLOGY PRESS PI HOVE PA 27 CHURCH RD, HOVE BN3 2FA, EAST SUSSEX, ENGLAND SN 0268-7038 J9 APHASIOLOGY JI Aphasiology PD DEC PY 2003 VL 17 IS 12 BP 1103 EP 1113 DI 10.1080/02687030344000391 PG 11 WC Clinical Neurology SC Neurosciences & Neurology GA 762QX UT WOS:000187994600001 ER PT J AU Munoz, ML Marquardt, TP AF Munoz, ML Marquardt, TP TI Picture naming and identification in bilingual speakers of Spanish and English with and without aphasia SO APHASIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID SELECTIVE DEFICIT; ONE LANGUAGE; RECOVERY; AGREEMENT; NORMS AB Background: Equivalent language knowledge is assumed in interpreting assessment results from bilingual speakers with aphasia, regardless of pre-morbid language experience. Aims: The purpose of this study was to investigate the affect of pre-morbid language skill, estimated from the performance of 20 neurologically normal bilinguals, on picture identification and naming in four bilingual speakers of Spanish and English with aphasia. Methods & Procedures: Statistical and qualitative analyses of proficiency, language use patterns, literacy, and concentrated language experience were investigated in relation to between-language differences in picture identification and naming. Outcomes & Results: Three patterns of impairment were identified: higher scores in English consistent with pre-morbid skill, higher scores in Spanish inconsistent with pre-morbid skill, and variable performance inconsistent with pre-morbid skill. Conclusions: Results suggest that interpretation of language impairment in adult bilingual speakers within a given bilingual community must consider expected variability in the proficiency and use of the languages spoken and the differential effects of proficiency on expressive and receptive language performance. C1 Univ Texas, Austin, TX 78712 USA. RP Munoz, ML (reprint author), Univ Tennessee, Dept Speech Pathol & Audiol, 578 S Stadium Hall, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. EM mmunoz2@utk.edu CR ARAMBULA G, 1992, HISPANIC CHILDREN AD, P373 BOND RF, 1985, HDB ENDOTOXIN PATHOP, V2, P36 Davis G. A., 2000, APHASIOLOGY DISORDER FREDMAN M, 1975, BRIT J DISORD COMMUN, V10, P61 GOGGIN JP, 1994, APPL PSYCHOLINGUIST, V15, P177, DOI 10.1017/S0142716400005312 GOMEZTORTOSA E, 1995, BRAIN LANG, V48, P320, DOI 10.1006/brln.1995.1014 Grosjean F., 1998, BILING-LANG COGN, V1, P131, DOI DOI 10.1017/S136672899800025X Hidalgo M., 1995, INT J SOCIOL LANG, V114, P29 JUNQUE C, 1989, BRAIN LANG, V36, P16, DOI 10.1016/0093-934X(89)90049-7 JUNQUE C, 1995, ASPECTS BILINGUAL AP Kaplan E, 1983, BOSTON NAMING TEST KOHNERT K, 1998, ELDERLY BILINGUAL PE Kohnert KJ, 1998, BRAIN LANG, V65, P422, DOI 10.1006/brln.1998.2001 KREMIN H, 1995, ASPECTS BILINGUAL AP, P101 Munoz ML, 1999, BRAIN LANG, V66, P249, DOI 10.1006/brln.1998.2021 NIKPOUR R, 1995, ASPECTS BILINGUAL AP, P123 Obler L. K., 1999, LANGUAGE BRAIN Paradis M., 1977, STUDIES NEUROLINGUIS, P65 PARADIS M, 2000, HDB NEUROPSYCHOLOGY, V3, P69 Paradis M, 1996, BRAIN LANG, V54, P170, DOI 10.1006/brln.1996.0065 Paradis M., 1987, ASSESSMENT BILINGUAL PERECMAN E, 1989, BRAIN LANG, V36, P49, DOI 10.1016/0093-934X(89)90051-5 Roberts P. M., 2002, APHASIOLOGY, V16, P635, DOI DOI 10.1080/02687030244000220 Roberts PM, 1998, APHASIOLOGY, V12, P119, DOI 10.1080/02687039808250467 Sasanuma S., 1995, ASPECTS BILINGUAL AP, P111 SNODGRASS JG, 1980, J EXP PSYCHOL-HUM L, V6, P174, DOI 10.1037/0278-7393.6.2.174 STADIE N, 1995, ASPECTS BILINGUAL AP, P85 SWAIN D, 1996, ROSS INFORMATION PRO WATAMORI TS, 1976, J COMMUN DISORD, V9, P157, DOI 10.1016/0021-9924(76)90007-1 WATAMORI TS, 1978, BRAIN LANG, V6, P127, DOI 10.1016/0093-934X(78)90052-4 NR 30 TC 12 Z9 12 PU PSYCHOLOGY PRESS PI HOVE PA 27 CHURCH RD, HOVE BN3 2FA, EAST SUSSEX, ENGLAND SN 0268-7038 J9 APHASIOLOGY JI Aphasiology PD DEC PY 2003 VL 17 IS 12 BP 1115 EP 1132 DI 10.1080/02687030344000427 PG 18 WC Clinical Neurology SC Neurosciences & Neurology GA 762QX UT WOS:000187994600002 ER PT J AU Laures, J Odell, K Coe, C AF Laures, J Odell, K Coe, C TI Arousal and auditory vigilance in individuals with aphasia during a linguistic and nonlinguistic task SO APHASIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID CORTISOL-LEVELS; SALIVARY CORTISOL; HUMAN-PERFORMANCE; SEX-DIFFERENCES; WORD-FREQUENCY; BLOOD-PRESSURE; ATTENTION; STRESS; RESPONSES; STROKE AB Background: Attentional deficits have been observed in individuals with aphasia. Attention, specifically vigilance, is believed to be related to arousal. However, our understanding of arousal and its impact on vigilance performance in individuals with aphasia is very limited. Aims: The purpose of the current study was to investigate whether there is nonoptimal arousal in individuals with aphasia that would affect auditory processing of linguistic and nonlinguistic stimuli. Additionally, this study explored whether there was generalised, nonoptimal arousal and impaired vigilance or deficits specific to linguistic processing. Methods & Procedures: A total of 20 males (10 with left-hemisphere stroke and aphasia and 10 nonbrain-damaged controls) participated in this study. Physiologic arousal indexed by cardiovascular and neuroendocrine measures and vigilance performance was compared between the two groups during linguistic and nonlinguistic vigilance tasks. Outcomes & Results: Results indicated that arousal levels and vigilance performance differed between the two groups. However, within groups arousal and vigilance did not differ between the linguistic and nonlinguistic tasks. Conclusions: The present findings suggest that individuals with aphasia have decreased overall vigilance and nonoptimal arousal regardless of the linguistic or nonlinguistic nature of the stimuli. C1 Georgia State Univ, Dept Educ Psychol & Special Educ, Program Commun Disorders, Atlanta, GA 30303 USA. Univ Wisconsin, Madison, WI USA. RP Laures, J (reprint author), Georgia State Univ, Dept Educ Psychol & Special Educ, Program Commun Disorders, 30 Pryor St, Atlanta, GA 30303 USA. EM spejsl@langate.gsu.edu CR Allport D.A., 1980, COGNITIVE PSYCHOL NE, P112 ARVEDSON JC, 1986, THESIS U WISCONSIN M BALOTA DA, 1985, J MEM LANG, V24, P89, DOI 10.1016/0749-596X(85)90017-8 Bayles KA, 1991, ARIZONA BATTERY COMM Bishop G. D, 1994, HLTH PSYCHOL BORN J, 1987, PSYCHOPHYSIOLOGY, V24, P286, DOI 10.1111/j.1469-8986.1987.tb00297.x CAPLAN D, 1994, BRAIN LANG, V47, P397 Clark H. M., 1995, AM J SPEECH-LANG PAT, V4, P143 COHEN J, 1993, BEHAV RES METH INSTR, V25, P257, DOI 10.3758/BF03204507 Davies DR, 1982, PSYCHOL VIGILANCE Duffy E., 1962, ACTIVATION BEHAV Erickson RJ, 1996, BRAIN COGNITION, V30, P244, DOI 10.1006/brcg.1996.0016 Everly G. S., 1987, ASSESSMENT HUMAN STR FASSBENDER K, 1994, STROKE, V25, P1105 FILLEY C, 2002, SEMINARS SPEECH LANG, V22, P89 FRANKENHAEUSER M, 1980, COPING HLTH, P203 FRANKLIN S, 1994, COGNITIVE NEUROPSYCH, V11, P1, DOI 10.1080/02643299408251964 FRANKLIN S, 1995, COGNITIVE NEUROPSYCH, V12, P549, DOI 10.1080/02643299508252007 GARWOOD M, 1982, PSYCHOPHYSIOLOGY, V19, P378, DOI 10.1111/j.1469-8986.1982.tb02491.x Gescheider G. A., 1985, PSYCHOPHYSICS METHOD Glosser G, 1999, NEUROLOGY, V52, P1583 GORMAN AM, 1961, J EXP PSYCHOL, V61, P23, DOI 10.1037/h0040561 GREDEN JF, 1986, PSYCHONEUROENDOCRINO, V11, P195, DOI 10.1016/0306-4530(86)90054-5 GRIER JB, 1971, PSYCHOL BULL, V75, P424, DOI 10.1037/h0031246 GUNNAR MR, 1992, PEDIATRICS, V90, P491 Guyton AC, 1997, HUMAN PHYSL MECH DIS HEILMAN KM, 1978, NEUROLOGY, V28, P229 Heilman Kenneth M., 1995, P217 HILLHOUSE JE, 1991, STRESS IMMUNITY, P3 Hino Y, 2000, J EXP PSYCHOL HUMAN, V26, P166, DOI 10.1037//0096-1523.26.1.166 Hockey GRJ, 1997, BIOL PSYCHOL, V45, P73 JENNINGS J, 1986, ENERGETICS HUMAN INF, P199 Johansson A, 2000, J INTERN MED, V247, P179, DOI 10.1046/j.1365-2796.2000.00600.x JUST MA, 1992, PSYCHOL REV, V99, P122, DOI 10.1037/0033-295X.99.1.122 Kahneman D., 1973, ATTENTION EFFORT Kertesz A., 1982, W APHASIA BATTERY KIRSCHBAUM C, 1994, PSYCHONEUROENDOCRINO, V19, P313, DOI 10.1016/0306-4530(94)90013-2 KIRSCHBAUM C, 1993, NEUROPSYCHOBIOLOGY, V28, P76, DOI 10.1159/000119004 KOELEGA HS, 1989, HUM FACTORS, V31, P45 Kok A, 1997, BIOL PSYCHOL, V45, P19, DOI 10.1016/S0301-0511(96)05221-0 Korda RJ, 1997, J CLIN EXP NEUROPSYC, V19, P525, DOI 10.1080/01688639708403742 Kudielka BM, 1998, J CLIN ENDOCR METAB, V83, P1756, DOI 10.1210/jc.83.5.1756 LAESSLE RG, 1992, PSYCHONEUROENDOCRINO, V17, P475, DOI 10.1016/0306-4530(92)90006-S LAPOINTE LL, 1991, APHASIOLOGY, V5, P511, DOI 10.1080/02687039108248556 LEVINE S, 1993, PSYCHONEUROENDOCRINO, V18, P297, DOI 10.1016/0306-4530(93)90026-H LUNDBERG U, 1980, J PSYCHOSOM RES, V24, P125, DOI 10.1016/0022-3999(80)90033-1 LUNDBERG U, 1979, BIOL PSYCHOL, V9, P79, DOI 10.1016/0301-0511(79)90055-3 LUPIEN S, 1994, J NEUROSCI, V14, P2893 Matthews G., 2000, HUMAN PERFORMANCE CO MCEWEN BS, 1993, ARCH INTERN MED, V153, P2093, DOI 10.1001/archinte.153.18.2093 McNeil M. R., 1978, REVISED TOKEN TEST McNeil M. R, 1997, ANN M AC NEUR COMM D McNeil MR, 2000, BRAIN LANG, V71, P154, DOI 10.1006/brln.1999.2238 MCNEIL MR, 1991, CLIN APHASIOLOGY, V20, P21 MILENKOVIC P, 1994, CSPEECH MIYAKE A, 1994, COGNITIVE NEUROPSYCH, V11, P671, DOI 10.1080/02643299408251989 Murray Laura L., 2002, Seminars in Speech and Language, V23, P107, DOI 10.1055/s-2002-24987 Murray LL, 1999, APHASIOLOGY, V13, P91, DOI 10.1080/026870399402226 Murray LL, 1997, APHASIOLOGY, V11, P993, DOI 10.1080/02687039708249423 MURROS K, 1993, J NEUROL SCI, V116, P12, DOI 10.1016/0022-510X(93)90083-B NAVON D, 1984, PSYCHOL REV, V91, P216, DOI 10.1037/0033-295X.91.2.216 NAVON D, 1979, PSYCHOL REV, V86, P214, DOI 10.1037/0033-295X.86.3.214 Nicolson N, 1997, J GERONTOL A-BIOL, V52, pM68 OLSSON T, 1990, J INTERN MED, V228, P177 PAIVIO A, 1968, J EXP PSYCHOL, V76, P1, DOI 10.1037/h0025327 PARASURAMAN R, 1984, ATTENTIVE BRAIN, P243 PARK MK, 1987, PEDIATRICS, V79, P907 ROBIN D, 1988, CLIN APHASIOLOGY, P61 Rogers SL, 1998, J NEUROIMMUNOL, V91, P113, DOI 10.1016/S0165-5728(98)00157-X Rogoza AN, 2000, BLOOD PRESS MONIT, V5, P227, DOI 10.1097/00126097-200008000-00006 Roozendaal B, 2000, PSYCHONEUROENDOCRINO, V25, P213, DOI 10.1016/S0306-4530(99)00058-X Sanders AF, 1998, ELEMENTS HUMAN PERFO SANDERS AF, 1983, ACTA PSYCHOL, V53, P61, DOI 10.1016/0001-6918(83)90016-1 Sanders AF, 1997, BIOL PSYCHOL, V45, P5, DOI 10.1016/S0301-0511(96)05220-9 Sapolsky R. M., 1998, WHY ZEBRAS DONT GET SCHWANENFLUGEL P, 1989, READING RES Q, V29, P250 SEE JE, 1995, PSYCHOL BULL, V117, P230, DOI 10.1037/0033-2909.117.2.230 Seeman TE, 2001, P NATL ACAD SCI USA, V98, P4770, DOI 10.1073/pnas.081072698 SHARMA M, 1989, BIOL PSYCHIAT, V25, P305, DOI 10.1016/0006-3223(89)90178-9 Stanislaw H, 1999, BEHAV RES METH INS C, V31, P137, DOI 10.3758/BF03207704 STONEY CM, 1988, PSYCHOPHYSIOLOGY, V25, P645, DOI 10.1111/j.1469-8986.1988.tb01902.x THACKRAY R. I., 1977, VIGILANCE THEORY OPE, P203 TSENG CH, 1993, BRAIN LANG, V45, P276, DOI 10.1006/brln.1993.1046 TYLER LK, 1995, NEUROPSYCHOLOGY, V9, P354 WARBURTON DM, 1986, ENERGETICS HUMAN INF, P217 Warm J. S., 1984, SUSTAINED ATTENTION, P15 Warm J. S., 1984, SUSTAINED ATTENTION, P1 Watkins MJ, 2000, J EXP PSYCHOL LEARN, V26, P239, DOI 10.1037/0278-7393.26.1.239 WHYTE J, 1995, NEUROPSYCHOLOGIA, V33, P797, DOI 10.1016/0028-3932(95)00029-3 Wickens C.D., 1984, VARIETIES ATTENTION Williams C, 2002, BEHAV ENDOCRINOLOGY, P527 YOKOYAMA K, 1987, NEUROLOGY, V37, P624 NR 92 TC 10 Z9 10 PU PSYCHOLOGY PRESS PI HOVE PA 27 CHURCH RD, HOVE BN3 2FA, EAST SUSSEX, ENGLAND SN 0268-7038 J9 APHASIOLOGY JI Aphasiology PD DEC PY 2003 VL 17 IS 12 BP 1133 EP 1152 DI 10.1080/02687030344000436 PG 20 WC Clinical Neurology SC Neurosciences & Neurology GA 762QX UT WOS:000187994600003 ER PT J AU Docking, K Murdoch, B Ward, E AF Docking, K Murdoch, B Ward, E TI Cerebellar language and cognitive functions in childhood: A comparative review of the clinical research SO APHASIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID POSTERIOR-FOSSA TUMORS; CHILDREN; LESION; CONTRIBUTES; MOVEMENT; DEFICITS; SURGERY; DAMAGE; SPEECH AB Background: Recent research addressing evidence from functional neuroimaging studies, neurophysiological research, and new advances in neuropsychology together with traditional cerebellar lesion studies have recently implicated the cerebellum in adult language and cognitive functions. However, more limited information is currently available in describing the functional connectivity present in the paediatric population. Aims: It is the purpose of this paper to review recent clinical research pertaining to paediatric populations, outlining the impact of site of lesion and specific associated clinical changes in children with cerebellar disturbances. Main contribution: The specific contribution of the right cerebellar hemisphere to language function is identified to also exist in the paediatric population, highlighting the existence of functional connections between this region of the brain and left frontal cortical areas early in development. Conclusions: Implications for future research in paediatric populations are extensive, as a greater awareness and an understanding of the recently acknowledged involvement of the cerebellum in cognition and nonmotor linguistic function is anticipated to also add new dimension and direction to the analysis of childhood language outcomes associated with the cerebellum. C1 Univ Queensland, Sch Hlth & Rehabil Sci, Brisbane, Qld 4072, Australia. RP Docking, K (reprint author), Univ Queensland, Sch Hlth & Rehabil Sci, Brisbane, Qld 4072, Australia. EM k.docking@uq.edu.au RI Ward, Elizabeth/F-9652-2010; Murdoch, Bruce/C-1397-2012 OI Ward, Elizabeth/0000-0002-2680-8978; CR Barinaga M, 1996, SCIENCE, V272, P482, DOI 10.1126/science.272.5261.482 Cabeza R, 2000, J COGNITIVE NEUROSCI, V12, P1, DOI 10.1162/08989290051137585 Dow R.S., 1958, PHYSL PATHOLOGY CERE Fabbro F, 2000, J NEUROLINGUIST, V13, P83, DOI 10.1016/S0911-6044(00)00005-1 Fawcett AJ, 1996, ANN DYSLEXIA, V46, P259, DOI 10.1007/BF02648179 Holmes G, 1939, BRAIN, V62, P1, DOI 10.1093/brain/62.1.1 HUDSON LJ, 1992, APHASIOLOGY, V6, P17, DOI 10.1080/02687039208248574 HUDSON LJ, 1992, APHASIOLOGY, V6, P135, DOI 10.1080/02687039208248585 HUDSON LJ, 1989, APHASIOLOGY, V3, P1, DOI 10.1080/02687038908248972 HUDSONTENNENT LJ, 1993, J MED SPEECH-LANG PA, V1, P95 Levisohn L, 2000, BRAIN, V123, P1041, DOI 10.1093/brain/123.5.1041 Marien P, 2000, J NEUROLINGUIST, V13, P145, DOI 10.1016/S0911-6044(00)00009-9 Marien P, 2001, BRAIN LANG, V79, P580, DOI 10.1006/brln.2001.2569 Molinari M, 2002, NEUROSCIENCE, V111, P863, DOI 10.1016/S0306-4522(02)00024-6 Molinari M, 1997, BRAIN, V120, P1753, DOI 10.1093/brain/120.10.1753 Muller RA, 1998, J CHILD NEUROL, V13, P16 MURDOCH BE, 1994, APHASIOLOGY, V8, P507, DOI 10.1080/02687039408248679 MURDOCH BE, 1999, COMMUNICATION DISORD, P55, DOI 10.1002/9780470699232.ch3 Nicholson R. I., 1995, P ROY SOC LOND B BIO, V259, P43 Oki J, 1999, PEDIATR NEUROL, V21, P745, DOI 10.1016/S0887-8994(99)00075-2 Riva D, 2000, HUM PHYSL, V26, P21, DOI 10.1007/BF02760712 Riva D, 2000, J NEUROLINGUIST, V13, P215, DOI 10.1016/S0911-6044(00)00012-9 Riva D, 2000, BRAIN, V123, P1051, DOI 10.1093/brain/123.5.1051 Riva D, 1998, CORTEX, V34, P279, DOI 10.1016/S0010-9452(08)70755-X Schatz J, 1998, J INT NEUROPSYCH SOC, V4, P491 Schmahmann JD, 1996, HUM BRAIN MAPP, V4, P174, DOI 10.1002/(SICI)1097-0193(1996)4:3<174::AID-HBM3>3.0.CO;2-0 Schmahmann JD, 1997, INT REV NEUROBIOL, V41, P3 Scott RB, 2001, DEV MED CHILD NEUROL, V43, P685, DOI 10.1017/S0012162201001232 Silveri MC, 2001, J NEUROL NEUROSUR PS, V71, P114, DOI 10.1136/jnnp.71.1.114 Silveri MC, 1998, BRAIN, V121, P2175, DOI 10.1093/brain/121.11.2175 SILVERI MC, 1994, NEUROLOGY, V44, P2047 Silveri MC, 2000, J NEUROLINGUIST, V13, P129, DOI 10.1016/S0911-6044(00)00008-7 Steinlin M, 1999, NEUROLOGY, V53, P966 NR 33 TC 5 Z9 5 PU PSYCHOLOGY PRESS PI HOVE PA 27 CHURCH RD, HOVE BN3 2FA, EAST SUSSEX, ENGLAND SN 0268-7038 J9 APHASIOLOGY JI Aphasiology PD DEC PY 2003 VL 17 IS 12 BP 1153 EP 1161 DI 10.1080/02687030344000445 PG 9 WC Clinical Neurology SC Neurosciences & Neurology GA 762QX UT WOS:000187994600004 ER PT J AU Herbert, R Best, W Hickin, J Howard, D Osborne, F AF Herbert, R Best, W Hickin, J Howard, D Osborne, F TI Combining lexical and interactional approaches to therapy for word finding deficits in aphasia SO APHASIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID COMMUNICATIVE EFFECTIVENESS INDEX; PACE-THERAPY; CONVERSATION; RETRIEVAL AB Background: There are two distinct theoretical positions underlying approaches to aphasia therapy. The first addresses the language impairment directly through tasks designed to improve performance in that language function. This form of therapy was employed in a related study involving the participants reported here (Hickin et al., 2002a). The second seeks to bypass the language impairment by, for example promoting alternative forms of communication, and stressing the importance of successful rather than normal communication. There are few studies that combine the structured principled methods of the first with the ecologically valid basis of the second approach. Aims: Our aim was to investigate the effectiveness of combining a lexical therapy, targeting a discrete set of items and using cues to prompt name retrieval, with communicative use of those items, in tasks ranging from naming to definition through to structured conversation. We investigated the effects of the therapy in terms of gains in picture naming, and performance in a task simulating communication situations (production of nouns in everyday communication). Methods & Procedures: The study is a case series design involving six people with aphasia. All were adult English speakers aged 39 and upwards who were aphasic following a single left hemisphere stroke. Picture naming and production of nouns in everyday communication was assessed prior to and after therapy. Outcomes & Results: The combined therapy described here was effective for five of the six participants in terms of gains in picture naming, and an increase in communicatively effective responses in the noun production task. One person, for whom the lexical therapy described in Hickin et al. (2002a) was not effective, did however respond to the therapy reported here. For one of the six participants, the therapy was not effective. Conclusions: Therapy that targets a specific set of words, and encourages their use in tasks approaching everyday communication, can be effective in improving word finding in picture naming and in a functional speech task. As therapy effects are restricted to items undergoing therapy on the whole it is essential that words are selected for therapy on the basis of their functional use to the participant. This therapy was effective for most of the six participants and we are unable at this stage to identify exclusion criteria for undergoing this therapy. C1 Univ Sheffield, Dept Human Commun Sci, Sheffield S10 2TA, S Yorkshire, England. UCL, London, England. De Montfort Univ, Leicester LE1 9BH, Leics, England. Univ Newcastle Upon Tyne, Newcastle Upon Tyne NE1 7RU, Tyne & Wear, England. Univ London Birkbeck Coll, London WC1E 7HX, England. RP Herbert, R (reprint author), Univ Sheffield, Dept Human Commun Sci, 31 Claremont Crescent, Sheffield S10 2TA, S Yorkshire, England. RI Herbert, Ruth/I-4760-2013 OI Herbert, Ruth/0000-0002-7139-1091 CR ATEN JL, 1982, J SPEECH HEAR DISORD, V47, P93 Best W, 2002, APHASIOLOGY, V16, P151 BLOMERT L, 1987, APHASIOLOGY, V6, P463 BOOTH S, 1999, APHASIOLOGY, V13, P289 Booth S, 1999, APHASIOLOGY, V13, P283 Davis A., 1991, NEUROPSYCHOL REHABIL, V1, P135, DOI 10.1080/09602019108401387 Davis G, 1985, ADULT APHASIA REHABI Hickin J, 2002, APHASIOLOGY, V16, P981, DOI 10.1080/02687030244000509 HICKIN J, 2002, 2 APHASIA THERAPY FI Holland A., 1980, COMMUNICATIVE ABILIT Holland A. L., 1991, J NEUROLINGUIST, V6, P197, DOI 10.1016/0911-6044(91)90007-6 Howard D., 1992, PYRAMIDS PALM TREES Kagan A, 1998, APHASIOLOGY, V12, P816, DOI 10.1080/02687039808249575 Kertesz A., 1982, W APHASIA BATTERY LESSER R, 1995, NEUROPSYCHOL REHABIL, V5, P67, DOI 10.1080/09602019508520176 LOMAS J, 1989, J SPEECH HEAR DISORD, V54, P113 MARSHALL J, 1990, APHASIOLOGY, V4, P167, DOI 10.1080/02687039008249068 Miceli G, 1996, BRAIN LANG, V52, P150, DOI 10.1006/brln.1996.0008 Nickels L, 2002, APHASIOLOGY, V16, P935, DOI 10.1080/02687030244000563 NICKELS L, 1992, COGNITIVE NEUROPSYCH, V9, P155, DOI 10.1080/02643299208252057 Osborne F, 1998, Int J Lang Commun Disord, V33 Suppl, P208 Pedersen PM, 2001, APHASIOLOGY, V15, P787, DOI 10.1080/02687040143000195 Porch B. E., 1967, PORCH INDEX COMMUNIC PULVERMULLER F, 1991, APHASIOLOGY, V5, P39, DOI 10.1080/02687039108248518 Robson J, 1998, INT J LANG COMM DIS, V33, P305, DOI 10.1080/136828298247767 Sheeran P., 1999, VASES VISUAL ANALOGU SPRINGER L, 1991, APHASIOLOGY, V5, P391, DOI 10.1080/02687039108248541 SWINBURN K, IN PRESS COMPREHENSI Worrall L, 2000, APHASIOLOGY, V14, P911 NR 29 TC 29 Z9 30 PU PSYCHOLOGY PRESS PI HOVE PA 27 CHURCH RD, HOVE BN3 2FA, EAST SUSSEX, ENGLAND SN 0268-7038 J9 APHASIOLOGY JI Aphasiology PD DEC PY 2003 VL 17 IS 12 BP 1163 EP 1186 DI 10.1080/02687030344000454 PG 24 WC Clinical Neurology SC Neurosciences & Neurology GA 762QX UT WOS:000187994600005 ER PT J AU Roberts, PM Code, C McNeil, MR AF Roberts, PM Code, C McNeil, MR TI Describing participants in aphasia research: Part 1. Audit of current practice SO APHASIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID CLINICAL-OUTCOME RESEARCH; NEUROPSYCHOLOGICAL RESEARCH; LANGUAGE; TRIALS; AGE AB Background: In order for readers to fully understand the results of published studies of aphasia, and in order to replicate studies and conduct meta-analyses, it is critical that authors adequately describe the participants in these studies. A number of authors have made recommendations as to which variables should be included in descriptions of participants in studies of aphasia. In addition, the American Psychological Association (APA) publication manual (2001)-the most widely recognised standard for the social sciences-includes specific guidelines for describing research participants. Aims: To review how aphasic participants in current studies are described, and to assess the adequacy of these descriptions in relation to both the APA guidelines (2001), and the recommendations made by Brookshire (1983). Methods & Procedures: We reviewed 100 articles on aphasia, published in 2001 and 2002, and identified which of 43 variables were included in the descriptions of participants. The audit included only articles that were peer-reviewed and focused on the linguistic features of or treatment for aphasia subsequent to stroke. Separate results are reported for group studies and single case studies, and for studies of symptoms and treatment studies. Outcomes & Results: Most articles fell far short of the recommended standards. Only seven variables were reported in 65% or more of studies. Single case studies and group studies provided similar levels of detail. Conclusions: More complete descriptions of participants in aphasia research are needed if published studies are to meet the standard set by the APA, advance our understanding of aphasia, and inform future treatment studies. C1 Univ Ottawa, Sch Rehabil Sci, Ottawa, ON K1H 8M5, Canada. Univ Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia. Univ Exeter, Exeter EX4 4QJ, Devon, England. Hanse Inst Adv Study, Delmenhorst, Germany. Univ Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15260 USA. RP Roberts, PM (reprint author), Univ Ottawa, Sch Rehabil Sci, 505 Smyth Rd, Ottawa, ON K1H 8M5, Canada. CR Altman DG, 2001, ANN INTERN MED, V134, P663 *AM PSYCH AS, 2001, PUBL MAN AM PSYCH AS Bergman B, 2001, SCAND AUDIOL, V30, P255, DOI 10.1080/01050390152704779 Bettoni Camilla, 1991, LANGUAGE AUSTR, P263, DOI 10.1017/CBO9780511620881.020 BROOKSHIRE RH, 1983, J SPEECH HEAR DISORD, V48, P342 Bryan KL, 2001, J INT NEUROPSYCH SOC, V7, P655, DOI 10.1017/S1355617701766015 CARAMAZZA A, 1984, BRAIN LANG, V21, P9, DOI 10.1016/0093-934X(84)90032-4 Fozard J., 2001, HDB PSYCHOL AGING, P241 Goodglass H, 1983, ASSESSMENT APHASIA R, V2nd GROSJEAN F, 1991, LINGUISTIQUE, V27, P35 Helm-Estabrooks N., 2001, COGNITIVE LINGUISTIC HOWARD D, 1986, BRIT J DISORD COMMUN, V21, P89 Katz RC, 2000, INT J LANG COMM DIS, V35, P303 Kertesz A., 1982, W APHASIA BATTERY Miller N, 2000, APHASIOLOGY, V14, P683 Pavlenko A, 2002, APPL LINGUIST, V23, P190, DOI 10.1093/applin/23.2.190 Pavlenko A., 2000, ISSUES APPL LINGUIST, V11, P175 Penn C, 2001, J NEUROLINGUIST, V14, P111, DOI 10.1016/S0911-6044(01)00011-2 Porch B. E., 1981, PORCH INDEX COMMUNIC, V2 Roberts P. M., 2001, LANGUAGE INTERVENTIO, P208 ROBERTS PM, 2003, UNPUB DESCRIBING P 2 Robey RR, 1998, APHASIOLOGY, V12, P787, DOI 10.1080/02687039808249573 Robey RR, 1999, APHASIOLOGY, V13, P445 ROSENBEK JC, 1987, CLIN APHASIOLOGY, V17, P357 Rosenbek J.C., 1989, APHASIA CLIN APPROAC Seliger HW, 1991, 1 LANGUAGE ATTRITION Shallice T, 1979, J CLIN NEUROPSYCHOLO, V1, P183, DOI DOI 10.1080/01688637908414450 Spreen O., 1991, COMPENDIUM NEUROPSYC Stanczak EM, 2000, ARCH CLIN NEUROPSYCH, V15, P587 STURM W, 1993, NONVERBAL LEARNING T Tombaugh TN, 1999, ARCH CLIN NEUROPSYCH, V14, P167, DOI 10.1016/S0887-6177(97)00095-4 TOMPKINS CA, 1990, J SPEECH HEAR RES, V33, P398 van Hell JG, 2002, PSYCHON B REV, V9, P780 Whitbourne S. K., 2002, AGING INDIVIDUAL PHY NR 34 TC 15 Z9 15 PU PSYCHOLOGY PRESS PI HOVE PA 27 CHURCH RD, HOVE BN3 2FA, EAST SUSSEX, ENGLAND SN 0268-7038 J9 APHASIOLOGY JI Aphasiology PD NOV PY 2003 VL 17 IS 10 BP 911 EP 932 DI 10.1080/02687030344000328 PG 22 WC Clinical Neurology SC Neurosciences & Neurology GA 739JR UT WOS:000186341800001 ER PT J AU Roberts, PM AF Roberts, PM TI Performance of Canadian adults on the Graded Naming Test SO APHASIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID AGE-OF-ACQUISITION; NORMATIVE DATA; WORD-FREQUENCY; NEW-ZEALAND; NORMS; TIMES; FLUENCY; PEOPLE AB Background: The Graded Naming Test (McKenna & Warrington, 1983) is designed to assess mild naming deficits. In order to do so, it uses relatively uncommon stimuli such as cowl and bellows . There are two studies reporting scores obtained by adults in England, but there is no published study of test-retest reliability. There is no study documenting performance of Canadian adults on this test. Aims: This study examined the performance of English-speaking Canadian adults on the Graded Naming Test (GNT), in order to: (1) compare their performance to that of the two normative samples; (2) determine whether the 30 test items met the psychometric standards set in the test manual; and (3) assess the test-retest reliability of the GNT. Methods and Procedures: A total of 30 adults, aged 20 to 52 years, named the 30 pictures making up the GNT. The unusual cueing procedures specified in the test manual were not followed. Of the 30 participants, 28 returned for a second test, 7 to 15 days later. Outcomes and Results: The mean score of 17.5 was below that reported in the two studies of English adults. Scores were significantly correlated with level of education, and with estimated frequency of occurrence and age of acquisition. Item difficulty differed in many ways and for many pictures from that reported in the test manual. Problems with multiple names for several pictures and with the instructions for cueing are discussed. The mean score improved significantly on retesting. Conclusions: The Graded Naming Test requires further investigation, including clarification of administration and scoring procedures, and studies of larger samples of adults in other countries to determine local norms. C1 Univ Ottawa, Fac Hlth Sci, Ottawa, ON K1H 8M5, Canada. RP Roberts, PM (reprint author), Univ Ottawa, Fac Hlth Sci, 451 Smyth Rd,Room 3071, Ottawa, ON K1H 8M5, Canada. CR Barca L, 2002, BEHAV RES METH INS C, V34, P424, DOI 10.3758/BF03195471 Barker-Collo SL, 2001, APHASIOLOGY, V15, P85, DOI 10.1080/02687040042000124 Bonin P, 2001, CAH PSYCHOL COGN, V20, P401 Bonin P, 2001, Q J EXP PSYCHOL-A, V54, P469, DOI 10.1080/02724980042000219 FARMER A, 1990, APHASIOLOGY, V4, P293, DOI 10.1080/02687039008249081 Harrison JE, 2000, BRIT J CLIN PSYCHOL, V39, P181, DOI 10.1348/014466500163202 Harvey JA, 1999, NEW ZEAL J PSYCHOL, V28, P124 Ivnik RJ, 1999, NEUROPSYCHOLOGY, V13, P121, DOI 10.1037//0894-4105.13.1.121 Kaplan E, 1983, BOSTON NAMING TEST Lewis MB, 2001, COGNITION, V78, P189, DOI 10.1016/S0010-0277(00)00117-7 Marien P, 1998, BRAIN LANG, V65, P447, DOI 10.1006/brln.1998.2000 McKenna P, 1983, GRADED NAMING TEST M Morrison CM, 2002, EUR J COGN PSYCHOL, V14, P435, DOI 10.1080/09541440143000159 Nelson H, 1992, NATL ADULT READING T PICKETT J, 2000, AM HERITAGE DICT Pind J, 2002, SCAND J PSYCHOL, V43, P221, DOI 10.1111/1467-9450.00290 ROBERTS P, 1994, APHASIOLOGY, V8, P569, DOI 10.1080/02687039408248682 Roberts P. M., 2002, APHASIOLOGY, V16, P635, DOI DOI 10.1080/02687030244000220 SNODGRASS JG, 1980, J EXP PSYCHOL-HUM L, V6, P174, DOI 10.1037/0278-7393.6.2.174 Tombaugh TN, 1997, J CLIN EXP NEUROPSYC, V19, P922, DOI 10.1080/01688639708403773 WARRINGTON EK, 2002, NEUROPSYCHOL REHABIL, V7, P143 Wilson BA, 2000, J INT NEUROPSYCH SOC, V6, P469 WORRALL LE, 1995, APHASIOLOGY, V9, P541, DOI 10.1080/02687039508248713 2002, MERRIAMWEBSTERS 3 NE NR 24 TC 3 Z9 3 PU PSYCHOLOGY PRESS PI HOVE PA 27 CHURCH RD, HOVE BN3 2FA, EAST SUSSEX, ENGLAND SN 0268-7038 J9 APHASIOLOGY JI Aphasiology PD NOV PY 2003 VL 17 IS 10 BP 933 EP 946 DI 10.1080/02687030344000300 PG 14 WC Clinical Neurology SC Neurosciences & Neurology GA 739JR UT WOS:000186341800002 ER PT J AU Rose, TA Worrall, LE McKenna, KT AF Rose, TA Worrall, LE McKenna, KT TI The effectiveness of aphasia-friendly principles for printed health education materials for people with aphasia following stroke SO APHASIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID WRITTEN INFORMATION; CARERS; KNOWLEDGE; FAMILIES AB Background: Provision of health information to people with aphasia is inadequate. Current practice in providing printed health education materials to people with aphasia does not routinely take into consideration their language and associated reading difficulties. Aims: This study aimed to investigate if people with aphasia can comprehend health information contained in printed health education materials and if the application of aphasia-friendly principles is effective in assisting them to comprehend health information. It was hypothesised that participants with aphasia would comprehend significantly more information from aphasia-friendly materials than from existing materials. Other aims included investigating if the effectiveness of the aphasia-friendly principles is related to aphasia severity, if people with aphasia are more confident in responding to health information questions after they have read the aphasia-friendly material, if they prefer to read the aphasia-friendly brochures, and if they prefer to read the brochure type that resulted in the greatest increase in their knowledge. Methods & Procedures: Twelve participants with mild to moderately severe aphasia were matched according to their reading abilities. A pre and post experimental design was employed with repeated measures ANOVA (p<.05) used to investigate the effectiveness of the aphasia-friendly principles. Outcomes & Results: While participants with aphasia comprehended health information from the existing printed education materials, participants comprehended 11.2% more information from materials that had an aphasia-friendly format. No significant correlation between aphasia severity and aphasia-friendly effectiveness was found. Participants were more confident in answering questions after they had read the aphasia-friendly brochures. A clear preference for aphasia-friendly brochures was not found and participants did not consistently select the brochure type that resulted in the greatest increase in their health knowledge. Conclusions: This preliminary investigation has found that aphasia-friendly material does assist people with aphasia to comprehend health information. The benefits of providing aphasia-friendly information have many clinical applications that extend beyond the provision of health information. The application of aphasia-friendly principles to all written materials could prove beneficial in removing some of the barriers people with aphasia face in trying to comprehend written materials. In addition, this research has highlighted that a greater understanding of people with aphasia's reactions to aphasia-friendly materials and also the social impact of providing aphasia-friendly information is required. Future research, that incorporates a qualitative research approach, will add valuable insight to these topics. C1 Univ Queensland, Dept Speech Pathol & Audiol, Brisbane, Qld 4072, Australia. RP Worrall, LE (reprint author), Univ Queensland, Dept Speech Pathol & Audiol, Brisbane, Qld 4072, Australia. RI Rose, Tanya/D-2580-2010; Worrall, Linda/D-2579-2010 OI Worrall, Linda/0000-0002-3283-7038 CR ALBERT T, 1992, BRIT MED J, V305, P1266 Anderson R, 1988, Int Disabil Stud, V10, P107 *ARTHR FDN AUSTR, ARTHR BROCH Barlow JH, 1997, PSYCHOL HEALTH MED, V2, P3, DOI 10.1080/13548509708400556 Beeson P. B., 2001, LANGUAGE INTERVENTIO, P572 Bernier M J, 1993, Orthop Nurs, V12, P39, DOI 10.1097/00006416-199311000-00008 Buckland S, 1994, Health Libr Rev, V11, P82, DOI 10.1046/j.1365-2532.1994.1120082.x Buxton T, 1999, J HLTH ED, V30, P47 Cruice M., 2000, ASIA PACIFIC J SPEEC, V5, P85 DENNIS KE, 1990, NURS RES, V39, P162 Draper M., 1995, ROLE PATIENT SATISFA EGAN J, 2002, UNPUB ACCESSIBLE INT Farrell-Miller P, 1989, Diabetes Educ, V15, P418, DOI 10.1177/014572178901500505 Flesch R, 1948, J APPL PSYCHOL, V32, P221, DOI 10.1037/h0057532 Funnell M M, 1992, Diabetes Educ, V18, P139, DOI 10.1177/014572179201800207 Goodglass H, 2001, BOSTON DIAGNOSTIC AP, V3rd Hanger HC, 1998, CLIN REHABIL, V12, P45, DOI 10.1191/026921598668677675 HANGER HC, 1993, STROKE, V24, P36 HAYWARD J, 1994, INFORMATION PRESCRIP Kahn A, 2000, AM J SPEECH-LANG PAT, V9, P3 KAY EA, 1988, BRIT J RHEUMATOL, V27, P396 Kertesz A., 1982, W APHASIA BATTERY King O, 1997, HEALTH PROMOT J AUST, V7, P160 Ley P, 1988, COMMUNICATING PATIEN Lomer M, 1987, CLIN REHABIL, V1, P33, DOI 10.1177/026921558700100108 McKenna KT, 2003, AUSTRALAS J AGEING, V22, P15, DOI 10.1111/j.1741-6612.2003.tb00457.x MEREDITH P, 1995, BRIT MED J, V311, P4 *MOT NEUR SOC QUEE, MOT NEUR DIS BROCH MURPHY PW, 1993, ADULT LITERACY COMPE, P79 MYERSCOUGH PR, 1989, TALKING PATIENTS BAS *NAT STROK FDN, 2001, ANSW TOP 10 QUEST ST OMahony PG, 1997, CLIN REHABIL, V11, P68, DOI 10.1177/026921559701100110 *OST AUSTR, 2000, PREV OST GOOD HLTH T OWEN PM, 1993, J CARDIOPULMONARY RE, V13, P20 Parr S., 1997, TALKING APHASIA LIVI PARR S, 1999, APHASIA HDB Patterson C, 1997, AGE AGEING, V26, P41, DOI 10.1093/ageing/26.1.41 Paul C. L., 1997, HEALTH PROMOT J AUST, V7, P153 PHILIPP R, 1990, J ROY SOC HEALTH, V110, P10, DOI 10.1177/146642409011000104 POUND C, 2000, APHASIA THERAPIES LI POUND P, 1994, CLIN REHABIL, V8, P7, DOI 10.1177/026921559400800102 QUINTANA LA, 1995, OCCUPATIONAL THERAPY, P539 RANKIN S, 1990, PATIENT ED ISSUES PR REYNOLDS M, 1978, BRIT MED J, V1, P1673 Rodgers H, 2001, AGE AGEING, V30, P129, DOI 10.1093/ageing/30.2.129 Rosenbeck J. C., 1989, APHASIA CLIN APPROAC SCHWALB E, 1988, PATIENT ED, V15, P651 Simmons-Mackie N., 2000, NEUROGENIC COMMUNICA, P162 Sullivan K, 2001, Top Stroke Rehabil, V7, P52 TACKETTSTEPHENS S, 1992, PATIENT ED, V19, P83 Vahabi M, 1995, HLTH ED J, V54, P99, DOI 10.1177/001789699505400110 WADE DT, 1986, J NEUROL NEUROSUR PS, V49, P11, DOI 10.1136/jnnp.49.1.11 WEINMAN J, 1990, J ROY SOC MED, V83, P303 WELLS R, 1974, STROKE, V5, P393 WELLWOOD I, 1994, AGE AGEING, V23, P293, DOI 10.1093/ageing/23.4.293 Wiles R, 1998, J ADV NURS, V28, P794, DOI 10.1046/j.1365-2648.1998.00709.x WILSONBARNETT J, 1981, J ADV NURS, V6, P435, DOI 10.1111/j.1365-2648.1981.tb03247.x WILSONBARNETT J, 1983, INT J NURS STUD, V20, P33, DOI 10.1016/0020-7489(83)90037-8 NR 58 TC 50 Z9 50 PU PSYCHOLOGY PRESS PI HOVE PA 27 CHURCH RD, HOVE BN3 2FA, EAST SUSSEX, ENGLAND SN 0268-7038 J9 APHASIOLOGY JI Aphasiology PD NOV PY 2003 VL 17 IS 10 BP 947 EP 963 DI 10.1080/02687030344000319 PG 17 WC Clinical Neurology SC Neurosciences & Neurology GA 739JR UT WOS:000186341800003 ER PT J AU Ferguson, A Worrall, L McPhee, J Buskell, R Armstrong, E Togher, L AF Ferguson, A Worrall, L McPhee, J Buskell, R Armstrong, E Togher, L TI Testamentary capacity and aphasia: A descriptive case report with implications for clinical practice SO APHASIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID CONSENT AB Background: Testamentary capacity (the capacity to make a will) is recognised in the literature as an important issue for speech-language pathologists' assessment of people with aphasia, but current guidelines for clinical practice lack an empirical base. Aims: The research aimed to suggest some guidelines for clinical practice based on information considered relevant for the court in determining testamentary capacity. Methods & Procedures: A recent legal case involving a challenge to the will of a woman with severe aphasia was critically examined with reference to current guidelines in the literature regarding assessment of testamentary capacity. Outcomes & Results: Examination of the information available on the case indicated that the judge gave priority to accounts of the everyday communication of the person with aphasia (including reported discourse samples) over the information provided by expert medical witnesses. The extent to which communication effectiveness could be maximised was found to be a matter of key significance to the determination of capacity. Conclusions: This study has implications for speech-language pathologists' assessment practices and reports, as well as for scope of practice with regard to legal decision making of people with aphasia. These issues are discussed in relation to the World Health Organisation's ICF framework of functioning for social participation. C1 Univ Newcastle, Sch Language & Media, Fac Educ & Arts, Newcastle, NSW 2308, Australia. Univ Queensland, St Lucia, Qld 4067, Australia. Nepean Hosp, Penrith, NSW, Australia. Macquarie Univ, Sydney, NSW 2109, Australia. Univ Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia. RP Ferguson, A (reprint author), Univ Newcastle, Sch Language & Media, Fac Educ & Arts, Univ Dr, Newcastle, NSW 2308, Australia. EM Alison.Ferguson@newcastle.edu.au RI Worrall, Linda/D-2579-2010 OI Worrall, Linda/0000-0002-3283-7038 CR Armstrong Elizabeth, 1993, APHASIA TREATMENT WO BATES PW, 1994, BRAIN DAMAGE MEDICOL Bazeley P., 2000, NVIVO QUALITATIVE PR BOOTH S, 2001, LAWYERS PRACTICE MAN, pA1201 Braunack-Mayer A, 2001, J CLIN ETHIC, V12, P388 Chapey R, 2001, LANGUAGE INTERVENTIO, P235 Chapey R, 2001, LANGUAGE INTERVENTIO Cherney L. R., 1998, ANAL DISCOURSE COMMU Connelly J., 1992, QUESTION RIGHTS GUID COOK G, 1985, AM J FORENSIC PSYCH, V3, P10 Critchley M., 1970, APHASIOLOGY, P288 Darzins P, 2000, WHO CAN DECIDE 6 STE Davis G. A., 2000, APHASIOLOGY DISORDER Enderby P, 1994, Med Leg J, V62 ( Pt 2), P70 Faerch C., 1986, LEARNING TEACHING CO, P179 FAERCH C, 1984, LANG LEARN, V34, P45 Ferguson A., 2000, PRAGMATIC APPROACHES, P53 FERGUSON A, 2002, 10 INT APH REH C BRI FOLSTEIN MF, 1975, J PSYCHIAT RES, V12, P189, DOI 10.1016/0022-3956(75)90026-6 Fraser D, 2000, QSR NVIVO REFERENCE Helm-Estabrooks N, 2002, J COMMUN DISORD, V35, P171, DOI 10.1016/S0021-9924(02)00063-1 HERSH D, 2000, RES REFLECT RENEW, P126 Holland A., 1998, COMMUNICATION ACTIVI Jain N, 2000, CLIN NEUROPSYCHOL, V14, P13, DOI 10.1076/1385-4046(200002)14:1;1-8;FT013 Kagan A, 1995, CLIN APHASIOL, V23, P65 Keil K, 2002, APHASIOLOGY, V16, P305, DOI 10.1080/02687030143000654 Likourezos A, 2001, GERIATRICS, V56, P55 LOWE S, 2001, 9 APH S AUSTR AD Perkins L, 1999, APHASIOLOGY, V13, P259 Pound C., 2000, APHASIA THERAPIES LI Purdy M., 2002, APHASIOLOGY, V16, P549, DOI 10.1080/02687030244000176 Richards L., 2000, USING NVIVO QUALITAT Silverman F. H., 1992, LEGAL ETHICAL CONSID SPAR JE, 1992, AM J PSYCHIAT, V149, P169 UDELL R, 1980, ARCH PHYS MED REHAB, V61, P374 Wong JG, 1999, PSYCHOL MED, V29, P437, DOI 10.1017/S0033291798008113 World Health Organization, 2001, ICF INT CLASS FUNCT Worrall L., 1999, FUNCTIONAL COMMUNICA Worrall L., 2000, NEUROGENIC COMMUNICA NR 39 TC 7 Z9 7 PU PSYCHOLOGY PRESS PI HOVE PA 27 CHURCH RD, HOVE BN3 2FA, EAST SUSSEX, ENGLAND SN 0268-7038 J9 APHASIOLOGY JI Aphasiology PD NOV PY 2003 VL 17 IS 10 BP 965 EP 980 DI 10.1080/02687030344000337 PG 16 WC Clinical Neurology SC Neurosciences & Neurology GA 739JR UT WOS:000186341800004 ER PT J AU Adrian, JA Gonzalez, M Buiza, JJ AF Adrian, JA Gonzalez, M Buiza, JJ TI The use of computer-assisted therapy in anomia rehabilitation: A single-case report SO APHASIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID SPOKEN WORD PRODUCTION; SPEECH PRODUCTION; NAMING DISORDERS; LEXICAL ACCESS; COGNITIVE NEUROPSYCHOLOGY; VISUAL COMMUNICATION; APHASIA; RETRIEVAL; ANEMIA; ERRORS AB Background: Research has shown there are three different recognised levels of processing involved in spoken word production: the semantic level, the lexical level, and the phonological level. All of these influence the naming performance of anomic patients. However, there is disagreement regarding the most appropriate strategies for the treatment of anomic problems (repetition, lexical-phonological cueing, semantic cueing, or a combination of all three). The use of computers seems to offer considerable advantages for the daily work of speech therapists, however there is still discussion as to whether or not computers can help patients achieve goals in therapy, and whether computers really can assist therapists in helping their patients to reach their full potential. Aims: This report describes the Computer-assisted Anomia Rehabilitation Program (CARP) designed to be used by a speech therapist working with anomic patients. The program uses semantic, phonological, written, and semantic/phonological cueing procedures to promote the naming of objects and actions. A single-case study is described in an attempt to demonstrate the effectiveness of the program. We hoped to increase naming ability and help the patient internalise these strategies and apply them to untreated items in order to demonstrate the effectiveness of the treatment. Methods & Procedures: This is a single-case report using ABA design, in which a pre-treatment naming baseline was obtained followed by a computer-assisted intervention procedure over a 12-day period. Post-treatment evaluation was conducted a month later to determine the extent of the improvement in the subject's denomination performance. We compare the results to control measurements (PALPA Oral Picture Naming test, Raven's Progressive Matrices, and Yesavage Geriatric Scale). Outcomes & Results: Comparison of pre- vs post-treatment results of the practised words indicated improvement in target naming from 53% to 70% correct responses, when tested 30 days after the end of treatment. In addition, significant improvement was also found in an untrained PALPA Oral Picture Naming test (pre: 13/40; post: 26/40). Results in the generalisation group of stimuli can be related to the patient's internalisation of strategies provided during treatment and its application to untreated items. On the other hand, no significant gains were observed in other areas of cognition taken as control (IQ measured by the Raven's Matrices). Conclusions: This report shows the effectiveness of the Computer-assisted Anomia Rehabilitation Program (CARP) in this single case. It suggests that computer-based programmes can be valid in the treatment of anomic disorders, and proposes further study and development of these systems in clinical practice. C1 Univ Malaga, Fac Psicol, E-29071 Malaga, Spain. RP Adrian, JA (reprint author), Univ Malaga, Fac Psicol, Campus Teatinos S-N, E-29071 Malaga, Spain. RI Farkas, Nicole/L-2557-2014 CR Aftonomos LB, 1997, ARCH PHYS MED REHAB, V78, P841, DOI 10.1016/S0003-9993(97)90197-0 Albert ML, 1998, ARCH NEUROL-CHICAGO, V55, P1417, DOI 10.1001/archneur.55.11.1417 Bachoud-Levi AC, 1998, J MEM LANG, V39, P331, DOI 10.1006/jmla.1998.2572 Basso A, 2001, BRAIN LANG, V77, P45, DOI 10.1006/brln.2000.2422 BASSO A, 2000, NEUROPSYCHOL REHABIL, V10, P209 Best W, 2002, APHASIOLOGY, V16, P151 Caramazza A, 1997, COGNITIVE NEUROPSYCH, V14, P177, DOI 10.1080/026432997381664 CRERAR MA, 1995, TREATMENT APHASIA TH, P223 Crerar MA, 1996, BRAIN LANG, V52, P229, DOI 10.1006/brln.1996.0010 CUETOS F, 1998, EVALUACION REHABILIT Cuetos F, 2000, BRAIN LANG, V75, P451, DOI 10.1006/brln.2000.2383 Cuetos F, 1999, BEHAV RES METH INS C, V31, P650, DOI 10.3758/BF03200741 CUETOS F, 1999, P 6 C LAT NEUR VAR C, P17 Davis A., 1991, NEUROPSYCHOL REHABIL, V1, P135, DOI 10.1080/09602019108401387 Dell GS, 1997, PSYCHOL REV, V104, P801, DOI 10.1037/0033-295X.104.4.801 Ellis A., 1992, COGNITIVE NEUROPSYCH, P207 Ellis AW, 1998, J EXP PSYCHOL LEARN, V24, P515, DOI 10.1037//0278-7393.24.2.515 ENNIS MR, 2000, DISS ABSTR INT SCI E, V60 FEINSTEIN A, 1999, COGNITIVE NEUROREHAB, P230 Fink R. B., 2000, TOP STROKE REHABIL, V7, P32 Fink RB, 2002, APHASIOLOGY, V16, P1061, DOI 10.1080/02687030244000400 GARCIAALBEA JE, 1996, EVALUACION AFASIA TR Goldrick M, 2002, APHASIOLOGY, V16, P20, DOI 10.1080/02687040143000203 Gonzalez M, 2000, J NEUROLINGUIST, V13, P289 GOODGLASS H, 1986, ASSESSMENT APHASIA R HART J, 1985, NATURE, V316, P439, DOI 10.1038/316439a0 HELMESTABROOKS N, 1998, APPROACHES TREATMENT, P69 Herbert R, 2001, INT J LANG COMM DIS, V36, P7 HOWARD D, 1985, COGNITIVE NEUROPSYCH, V2, P49, DOI 10.1080/02643298508252861 Howard D, 1998, APHASIOLOGY, V12, P399, DOI 10.1080/02687039808249540 JESCHENIAK JD, 1994, J EXP PSYCHOL LEARN, V20, P824, DOI 10.1037/0278-7393.20.4.824 Katz RC, 1997, J SPEECH LANG HEAR R, V40, P493 KATZ RC, 1995, TREATMENT APHASIA TH, P253 KAY GG, 1997, CLIN NEUROPSYCHOLOGY, P143 KAY J, 1987, BRAIN, V110, P613, DOI 10.1093/brain/110.3.613 Kay J., 1992, PALPA PSYCHOLINGUIST LEDORZE G, 1995, NEUROPSYCHOL REHABIL, V5, P51 LEDORZE G, 1994, APHASIOLOGY, V8, P127 LEVELT W, 1989, SPEAKING INTENTION A Levelt W. J. M., 1994, INT PERSPECTIVES PSY, V1, P89 LEVELT WJM, 1992, COGNITION, V42, P1, DOI 10.1016/0010-0277(92)90038-J Levelt WJM, 1999, BEHAV BRAIN SCI, V22, P1 MARSHALL JC, 1986, NEUROPSYCHOLOGIA, V24, P5, DOI 10.1016/0028-3932(86)90040-0 Martin P, 1999, APHASIOLOGY, V13, P225, DOI 10.1080/026870399402208 McCall D, 2000, APHASIOLOGY, V14, P795 Miceli G, 1996, BRAIN LANG, V52, P150, DOI 10.1006/brln.1996.0008 MICELI G, 1988, APHASIOLOGY, V2, P351, DOI 10.1080/02687038808248937 Mortley J, 2001, APHASIOLOGY, V15, P443, DOI 10.1080/02687040042000188 NADEAU S, 2000, APHASIA LANGUAGE THE Nickels L, 2002, APHASIOLOGY, V16, P935, DOI 10.1080/02687030244000563 Nickels L, 1996, APHASIOLOGY, V10, P21, DOI 10.1080/02687039608248397 Nickels L., 1997, SPOKEN WORD PRODUCTI NICKELS L, 1994, COGNITIVE NEUROPSYCH, V11, P289, DOI 10.1080/02643299408251977 Nickels L, 2002, APHASIOLOGY, V16, P3, DOI 10.1080/02687040143000645 NICKELS L, 1992, COGNITIVE NEUROPSYCH, V9, P155, DOI 10.1080/02643299208252057 NICKELS L, 1995, LANG COGNITIVE PROC, V10, P13, DOI 10.1080/01690969508407086 Pate D. S., 1987, LANG COGNITIVE PROC, V2, P43, DOI 10.1080/01690968708406351 Patterson K., 1983, APHASIA THERAPY Pedersen PM, 2001, APHASIOLOGY, V15, P151, DOI 10.1080/02687040042000106 Ralph MAL, 2000, NEUROPSYCHOLOGIA, V38, P186 REIS A, 1994, J CLIN EXP NEUROPSYC, V16, P939, DOI 10.1080/01688639408402705 ROELOFS A, 1992, COGNITION, V42, P107, DOI 10.1016/0010-0277(92)90041-F Sebastian N., 2000, LEXESP LEXICO INFORM Siegel S., 1988, NONPARAMETRIC STAT B Valle F., 1995, EPLA EVALUACION PROC WALLER A, 1999, INT J LANG COMM DIS, V33, P45 Weekes BS, 1998, APHASIOLOGY, V12, P77, DOI 10.1080/02687039808249445 WEINRICH M, 1989, APHASIOLOGY, V3, P501, DOI 10.1080/02687038908249018 Wilson R, 2002, J CHART INST WATER E, V16, P1 ZINGESER LB, 1988, COGNITIVE NEUROPSYCH, V5, P473, DOI 10.1080/02643298808253270 NR 70 TC 10 Z9 10 PU PSYCHOLOGY PRESS PI HOVE PA 27 CHURCH RD, HOVE BN3 2FA, EAST SUSSEX, ENGLAND SN 0268-7038 J9 APHASIOLOGY JI Aphasiology PD NOV PY 2003 VL 17 IS 10 BP 981 EP 1002 DI 10.1080/02687030344000256 PG 22 WC Clinical Neurology SC Neurosciences & Neurology GA 739JR UT WOS:000186341800005 ER PT J AU Hersh, D AF Hersh, D TI "Weaning" clients from aphasia therapy: Speech pathologists' strategies for discharge SO APHASIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID DECISION-MAKING; REHABILITATION; PLATEAU; STROKE; MANAGEMENT; ENCOUNTER; ILLNESS; CARE AB Background : Although the concept of weaning clients from therapy is clinically familiar, it is not an area of practice that has ever been systematically investigated or rendered explicit. This is a serious omission because weaning is an important part of the discharge process which is itself a crucial aspect of therapy as a whole. Aims : This article discusses speech pathologists' reports about how they discharge their clients with chronic aphasia. It explores the process of weaning in order to define its nature and raise awareness of it as a common aspect of clinical practice. Methods & Procedures : This research draws on qualitative research carried out for a broader Australian study on both speech pathologists' and clients' experiences of aphasia treatment termination. The data on which this paper is based were gathered through semi-structured interviews with 30 Australian speech pathologists and analysed using principles of grounded theory. Outcomes & Results : This research exposes 19 weaning strategies grouped into five categories: wait-and-see; negotiation; preparation; separation; and replacement. It also discusses five possible reasons why speech pathologists use these strategies in preparation for discharge. Conclusions : This paper explores the practice of weaning by which speech pathologists try to achieve their imperative of moving clients on while maintaining the integrity of their therapeutic relationships. It argues that weaning is, at least in part, a manipulative process that reflects speech pathologists' response to the dilemma of acting as both client advocate and resource gatekeeper. It suggests that speech pathologists' use of weaning strategies is often implicit and deserves greater reflection by the profession. C1 Flinders Univ S Australia, Dept Speech Pathol & Audiol, Adelaide, SA 5001, Australia. RP Hersh, D (reprint author), Flinders Univ S Australia, Dept Speech Pathol & Audiol, Adelaide, SA 5001, Australia. CR *AM SPEECH LANG HE, 1994, ADM DISCH CRIT SPEEC *AUSTR I HLTH WELF, 1999, CARD HLTH REP HEART Baum F, 1998, NEW PUBLIC HLTH AUST BECKER G, 1995, MED ANTHROPOL Q, V9, P165, DOI 10.1525/maq.1995.9.2.02a00040 Bonta Z, 1998, APHASIOLOGY, V12, P218, DOI 10.1080/02687039808249448 BROWN L, 1993, NEW SHORTER OXFORD E, V2 BURY M, 1991, SOCIOL HEALTH ILL, V13, P451, DOI 10.1111/j.1467-9566.1991.tb00522.x Byng Sally, 1993, APHASIA TREATMENT WO Charles C, 1997, SOC SCI MED, V44, P681, DOI 10.1016/S0277-9536(96)00221-3 Charles C, 1999, SOC SCI MED, V49, P651, DOI 10.1016/S0277-9536(99)00145-8 Charmaz K., 1991, GOOD DAYS BAD DAYS S *COLL SPEECH LANG, 1991, COMM QUAL PROF STAND Collins M, 1986, DIAGNOSIS TREATMENT Coulter A, 1997, J Health Serv Res Policy, V2, P112 Elman RJ, 1998, APHASIOLOGY, V12, P227, DOI 10.1080/02687039808249450 Faden Ruth R., 1986, HIST THEORY INFORMED FAULKNER A, 1998, NEWS IS BAD GUIDE HL FAULKNER A, 1995, MED EDUC, V29, P303 Frattali C. M., 1998, MEASURING OUTCOMES S Glaser B., 1967, DISCOVERY GROUNDED T Goffman E, 1959, PRESENTATION SELF EV GOLD SJ, 1983, QUALITATIVE SOCIOLOG, V6, P238, DOI 10.1007/BF00987448 Greener J, 1998, Int J Lang Commun Disord, V33 Suppl, P162 GREENER J, 1998, B ROYAL COLL SPEECH, V551, P11 Gremmen I, 1999, NURS ETHICS, V6, P515, DOI 10.1177/096973309900600607 Hallowell B, 2001, LANGUAGE INTERVENTIO, P173 Hersh D, 1998, APHASIOLOGY, V12, P207, DOI 10.1080/02687039808249447 Hersh D, 2003, THESIS FLINDERS U AU Hersh D, 2001, INT J LANG COMM DIS, V36, P80 Horton S, 2000, INT J LANG COMM DIS, V35, P355 Hugman Richard, 1991, POWER CARING PROFESS JORDAN L, 1996, APHASIA SOCIAL APPRO Katz RC, 2000, INT J LANG COMM DIS, V35, P303 Kvale S., 1996, INTERVIEWS INTRO QUA Lawrie M., 1996, AUSTR COMMUNICAT SPR, P65 LENDREM W, 1994, THESIS U NEWCASTLE U LEWINTER M, 1995, DISABIL REHABIL, V17, P211 LYON JG, 1996, ADULT APHASIA REHABI, P137 MACKENZIE C, 1993, EUR J DISORDER COMM, V28, P43 Maclean N, 2000, SOC SCI MED, V50, P495 MATISON V, 2000, SAYING GOODBYE STORI MILLER RM, 1990, MED SPEECH PATHOLOGY MINICHIELLO V, 1995, IN DEPTH INTERVIEWIN Mizrahi Terry, 1986, GETTING RID PATIENTS *NAT HLTH STRAT, 1993, 12 NAT HLTH STRAT OLEARY I, 1991, B COLL SPEECH LANGUA, V470, P7 Parr S., 1997, TALKING APHASIA Pickering M, 1998, AM J SPEECH-LANG PAT, V7, P5 Pound C, 1998, APHASIOLOGY, V12, P222, DOI 10.1080/02687039808249449 Rosenbek J.C., 1989, APHASIA CLIN APPROAC SAMO MT, 1986, 5 ANN HEMPH LECT REH SANKAR A, 1986, SOC SCI MED, V22, P973, DOI 10.1016/0277-9536(86)90170-X Schon D., 1983, REFLECTIVE PRACTITIO SCOFIELD GR, 1993, ARCH PHYS MED REHAB, V74, P341 Simmons-Mackie N., 2000, NEUROGENIC COMMUNICA, P162 SIMMONSMACKIE N, 1999, CONSTRUCTING INCOMPE Simmons-Mackie N, 1998, APHASIOLOGY, V12, P231, DOI 10.1080/02687039808249451 SMITH M, 1999, ROYAL COLL SPEECH LA, V562, P16 Strauss A, 1975, CHRONIC ILLNESS QUAL Strauss A., 1998, BASICS QUALITATIVE R WARREN L, 1976, CLIN APHASIOLOGY C P, V6, P358 Wiles R, 2002, DISABIL REHABIL, V24, P841, DOI 10.1080/09638280210142158 Worrall L., 2000, NEUROGENIC COMMUNICA 1988, COLLINS POCKET REFER NR 64 TC 13 Z9 14 PU PSYCHOLOGY PRESS PI HOVE PA 27 CHURCH RD, HOVE BN3 2FA, EAST SUSSEX, ENGLAND SN 0268-7038 J9 APHASIOLOGY JI Aphasiology PD NOV PY 2003 VL 17 IS 11 BP 1007 EP 1029 DI 10.1080/02687030344000364 PG 23 WC Clinical Neurology SC Neurosciences & Neurology GA 754GD UT WOS:000187295400001 ER PT J AU Wade, J Mortley, J Enderby, P AF Wade, J Mortley, J Enderby, P TI Talk about IT: Views of people with aphasia and their partners on receiving remotely monitored computer-based word finding therapy SO APHASIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID QUALITATIVE METHODS; CONVERSATION ANALYSIS; REHABILITATION; DISORDERS; EFFICACY; PATIENT; STROKE; ISSUES AB Background : Research into computerised aphasia therapy has investigated effects of computer therapy on language skills. Little is known about views of people with aphasia on using computers in therapy. New technology has made possible delivery of therapy via the Internet ("remotely"), without face-to-face contact with the therapist. The acceptability to clients and carers of this novel mode of delivering aphasia therapy warranted investigation. Aims : This paper reports an exploratory investigation of the views and experiences of six people with aphasia and their partners on receiving computer-based word-retrieval therapy delivered remotely. Methods & Procedures : Six people with aphasia received therapy via computer over a 6-month period. A speech and language therapist monitored therapy remotely via the Internet. In-depth interviews were carried out with participants and carers after therapy, by a therapist not involved in treatment, to elicit views on expectations, experiences, and effects of therapy. Five men and one woman with aphasia were interviewed (median age 63 years). Participants ranged from 2 to 12 years post CVA (median 2yrs 6 months). All had word retrieval difficulties. Five had partners, all of whom were interviewed. Outcomes & Results : All participants responded positively to this mode of therapy delivery and all perceived gains to have been made. Organisation of practice varied but all reported a sense of increased autonomy for the person with aphasia and believed this mode of therapy had facilitated more intensive practice than previously experienced. Intensity of practice was seen as crucial in leading to benefits at the level of language impairment. Benefits to functional communication were attributed not only to improved language skills but also to improved confidence and self-esteem. Negative effects all related to amount of time spent in practice and reduced time available for other activities. Conclusions : A wide range of benefits to functional communication was reported from receiving therapy that was purely impairment-based and involved no face-to-face contact with a therapist. Participants valued the increased autonomy and increased opportunity for practice associated with the remotely monitored therapy but viewed the supervisory role of the speech and language therapist as crucial. The remote mode of therapy delivery may offer potential advantages compared with face-to-face therapy, which warrant further investigation. C1 Frenchay Hosp, N Bristol NHS Trust, Speech & Language Therapy Res Unit, Bristol BS16 1LE, Avon, England. No Gen Hosp, Sheffield S5 7AU, S Yorkshire, England. RP Wade, J (reprint author), Frenchay Hosp, N Bristol NHS Trust, Speech & Language Therapy Res Unit, Bristol BS16 1LE, Avon, England. CR Aftonomos LB, 1999, STROKE, V30, P1370 BYNG S, 1999, REVERSIBLE SENTENCES Cant R, 1997, DISABIL REHABIL, V19, P297 Coulter A, 2002, BRIT MED J, V325, P668, DOI 10.1136/bmj.325.7366.668 Damico JS, 1999, APHASIOLOGY, V13, P651 Damico JS, 1999, APHASIOLOGY, V13, P667 Department of Health, 2000, NHS PLAN PLAN INV PL Druks J., 2000, OBJECT ACTION NAMING Fink RB, 2002, APHASIOLOGY, V16, P1061, DOI 10.1080/02687030244000400 Frattali Carol M., 1998, Seminars in Speech and Language, V19, P209, DOI 10.1055/s-2008-1064045 Guba E. G., 1994, HDB QUALITATIVE RES, P105 Hafsteinsdottir TB, 1997, J ADV NURS, V26, P580, DOI 10.1046/j.1365-2648.1997.t01-19-00999.x Holland AL, 1996, J SPEECH HEAR RES, V39, pS27 JORDAN L, 1996, APHASIA SOCIAL APPRO KATZ R, 1987, APHASIOLOGY, V1, P160 KATZ R, 1994, LANGUAGE INTERVENTIO, P323 KATZ RC, 1999, SEMINARS SPEECH LANG, V20, P351 Katz RC, 1997, J SPEECH LANG HEAR R, V40, P493 Kay J., 1992, PSYCHOLINGUISTIC ASS LEDORZE G, 1995, APHASIOLOGY, V9, P239 LOVERSO FL, 1992, APHASIOLOGY, V6, P155, DOI 10.1080/02687039208248587 Marshall C, 1995, DESIGNING QUALITATIV MORTLEY J, IN PRESS APHASIOLOGY MORTLEY J, 2003, ADV SPEECH LANGUAGE, V5, P27, DOI 10.1080/14417040510001669021 Mortley J, 2001, APHASIOLOGY, V15, P443, DOI 10.1080/02687040042000188 Murphy E., 1998, HLTH TECHNOLOGY ASSE, V2 Parr S., 1997, TALKING APHASIA LIVI Parr S., 2000, NEUROGENIC COMMUNICA, P55 Patton M. Q., 1987, USE QUALITATIVE METH, P108 Pedersen PM, 2001, APHASIOLOGY, V15, P151, DOI 10.1080/02687040042000106 PERKINS L, 1995, EUR J DISORDER COMM, V30, P372 Petheram B, 1996, APHASIOLOGY, V10, P267, DOI 10.1080/02687039608248412 Pope C, 2000, BRIT MED J, V320, P114, DOI 10.1136/bmj.320.7227.114 Pope C, 1996, QUALITATIVE RES HLTH, P1 Pound C, 2001, APHASIOLOGY, V15, P477, DOI 10.1080/02687040143000159 Ritchie J, 1994, ANAL QUALITATIVE DAT, P173, DOI DOI 10.4324/9780203413081_CHAPTER_9 ROBERTSON I, 1990, APHASIOLOGY, V4, P381, DOI 10.1080/02687039008249090 Simmons-Mackie N, 1999, APHASIOLOGY, V13, P681 *STEPS CONS LTD, 2002, STEPBYSTEP Vidich A., 1994, HDB QUALITATIVE RES, P23 WADE J, 2003, P CPLOL C ED, V4, P103 Weinrich M, 1997, CLIN NEUROSCI, V4, P103 WERTZ RT, IN PRESS APHASIOLOGY WERTZ RT, 1992, APHASIOLOGY, V6, P195, DOI 10.1080/02687039208248591 World Health Organization, 2001, ICF INT CLASS FUNCT Worrall L., 2000, NEUROGENIC COMMUNICA NR 46 TC 16 Z9 16 PU PSYCHOLOGY PRESS PI HOVE PA 27 CHURCH RD, HOVE BN3 2FA, EAST SUSSEX, ENGLAND SN 0268-7038 J9 APHASIOLOGY JI Aphasiology PD NOV PY 2003 VL 17 IS 11 BP 1031 EP 1056 DI 10.1080/02687030344000373 PG 26 WC Clinical Neurology SC Neurosciences & Neurology GA 754GD UT WOS:000187295400002 ER PT J AU de Roo, E AF de Roo, E TI Null subject pronouns in Broca's speech production SO APHASIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID AGRAMMATIC PRODUCTION; QUANTITATIVE-ANALYSIS; CHILD LANGUAGE; APHASICS AB Background : Pronouns are known to be often missing from the spontaneous speech production of Broca's aphasic patients. Null subject pronouns are found in nonfinite utterances. These structures may result from the underspecification of the Tense head and the unavailability of Nominative case for a subject. It is not clear, though, whether null subject pronouns are restricted only to nonfinite structures. Aims : The paper investigates the occurrence of null subject pronouns in finite sentences of Broca's patients. A detailed study into the syntactic and distributional properties of finite null subjects will reveal their nature and origin in aphasic speech production. Methods & Procedures : The spontaneous speech of 13 Dutch patients was investigated. The following variables were included: finiteness (finite versus nonfinite utterances), sentence position (initial versus non-initial position), and type of pronoun (personal versus demonstrative pronoun). The speech production of the patients was contrasted to normal spoken Dutch. Outcomes & Results : The results demonstrate that finite null subject pronouns in Broca's speech production can be interpreted as instances of normal omission phenomena found in Germanic languages (Topic Drop and I -Drop). Conclusion : A unified account is proposed for nonfiniteness and finite null subjects in terms of underspecification of functional heads in the syntactic structure. Underspecification is not due to a linguistic impairment, but rather a means to reduce the processing load of the utterance. It is concluded that nonfiniteness is a core phenomenon in Broca's speech production, while finite null subjects reflect an additional omission phenomenon. C1 Leiden Univ, ULCL, NL-2300 RA Leiden, Netherlands. RP de Roo, E (reprint author), Leiden Univ, ULCL, POB 9515, NL-2300 RA Leiden, Netherlands. CR Abney S.P., 1987, ENGLISH NOUN PHRASE Avrutin S., 1999, DEV SYNTAX DISCOURSE BAAUW S, 2002, BUCLD P, V26 Bastiaanse R, 2002, BRAIN LANG, V80, P142, DOI 10.1006/brln.2001.2585 CAHANAAMITAY D, 1997, THESIS BOSTON U US Cardinaletti Anna, 1990, GRAMMAR PROGR, P75 Chomsky N., 1981, LECT GOVT BINDING Chomsky N., 1995, MINIMALIST PROGRAM de Haan Ger Jan, 1988, LANGUAGE DEV, P101 De Roo E., 1999, THESIS U LEIDEN DEROO E, 2002, PROUNOUNS REPRESENTA, P253 de Roo E, 2000, BRAIN LANG, V74, P555 de Roo E, 2002, BRAIN LANG, V83, P47 de Roo E, 2001, BRAIN LANG, V77, P398, DOI 10.1006/brln.2000.2410 FRIEDMANN N, 2000, ACQUISITION SYNTAX, P84 Friedmann N, 1997, BRAIN LANG, V56, P397, DOI 10.1006/brln.1997.1795 Graetz P., 1992, AKENSE AFASIETEST NE HAEGEMAN L, 1996, P GALA 1995 GRON CTR HAEGEMAN L, 1990, GRAMMAR PROGR GLOW E Haegeman Liliane, 2000, ACQUISITION SYNTAX, P129 HAGIWARA H, 1995, BRAIN LANG, V50, P92, DOI 10.1006/brln.1995.1041 HOEKSTRA T, 1996, P BUCLD, V20, P293 HOFSTEDE B, 1992, THESIS U NIJMEGEN HUANG CTJ, 1984, LINGUIST INQ, V15, P531 Indefrey P, 2001, P NATL ACAD SCI USA, V98, P5933, DOI 10.1073/pnas.101118098 JANSEN F, 1981, THESIS U LEIDEN NETH KOLK H, 1990, AGRAMMATIC APHASIA C, P179 Kolk H, 2001, BRAIN LANG, V77, P340, DOI 10.1006/brln.2000.2406 KOLK H, 1990, APHASIOLOGY, V4, P221, DOI 10.1080/02687039008249075 KOLK H, 1995, BRAIN LANG, V50, P282, DOI 10.1006/brln.1995.1049 KOLK H, 1992, LANG COGNITIVE PROC, V7, P89, DOI 10.1080/01690969208409381 Lasser I., 1997, FINITENESS ADULT CHI Menn L., 1990, AGRAMMATIC APHASIA C Ouhalla Jamal, 1993, LINGUISTISCHE BERICH, V143, P3 Penke M, 2001, BRAIN LANG, V77, P351, DOI 10.1006/brln.2000.2407 Rizzi Luigi, 1994, LANG ACQUIS, P151 Rochon E, 2000, BRAIN LANG, V72, P193, DOI 10.1006/brln.1999.2285 RUIGENDIJK E, 2002, CASE ASSIGNMENT AGRA SAFFRAN EM, 1989, BRAIN LANG, V37, P440, DOI 10.1016/0093-934X(89)90030-8 Schlenck C, 1995, BEHANDLUNG SCHWEREN STARK JA, 1990, AGRAMMATIC APHASIA C, P281 van Kampen J., 1997, THESIS U UTRECHT VANZONNEVELD R, 1994, KLEINE SYNTAXIS NEDE Wexler K, 1998, LINGUA, V106, P23, DOI 10.1016/S0024-3841(98)00029-1 NR 44 TC 3 Z9 3 PU PSYCHOLOGY PRESS PI HOVE PA 27 CHURCH RD, HOVE BN3 2FA, EAST SUSSEX, ENGLAND SN 0268-7038 J9 APHASIOLOGY JI Aphasiology PD NOV PY 2003 VL 17 IS 11 BP 1057 EP 1072 DI 10.1080/02687030344000382 PG 16 WC Clinical Neurology SC Neurosciences & Neurology GA 754GD UT WOS:000187295400003 ER PT J AU Kendall, DL Conway, T Rosenbek, J Gonzalez-Rothi, L AF Kendall, DL Conway, T Rosenbek, J Gonzalez-Rothi, L TI Phonological rehabilitation of acquired phonologic alexia SO APHASIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID DEEP DYSLEXIA; ORGANIZATION; PATIENT; MODEL AB Background : Acquired alexia can result from impairment in either the direct (lexical) or indirect (nonlexical) reading routes. The direct route involves visual word knowledge, is supported by semantics and used to read familiar words, is especially important in irregular word reading, and cannot be used to read unfamiliar or nonwords. The nonlexical or indirect route involves parsing graphemes into component parts, application of grapheme to phoneme correspondence rules, and blending of graphemes, and is pertinent when reading unfamiliar or nonwords. Impairment of the indirect route results in either phonological or deep alexia. Several investigations have reported successful attempts in the rehabilitation of indirect route processing with minimal generalisation to untrained items. The present study reports treatment of indirect route processing using a phonological treatment approach typically used for individuals with developmental dyslexia. Aims : The aim of the present study was to investigate effects of a phonologically based rehabilitation programme on reading abilities for two adults with acquired alexia and impairment of indirect route processing. The following research questions were asked: (1) Does phonological treatment improve reading comprehension and the ability to read aloud? (2) Does treatment generalise to untreated behaviours? (3) Are treatment and generalisation effects maintained following treatment termination? Methods & Procedures : Two subjects who suffered a left hemisphere cerebral vascular accident participated in this study. A single-subject multiple baseline design used pre and post testing and repeated treatment, generalisation, and control probes. Data were analysed using visual inspection from three judges uninvolved in this study as well as effect size ( f -statistic). Outcomes & Results : Results showed a treatment effect for real word reading aloud as well as improvement in post-test measures of real word comprehension. The presence of a treatment effect was defined and judged to be dependent on the presence of generalisation to untreated stimuli (research question 2). Finally, treatment and generalisation effects were maintained following treatment termination. Conclusions : The phonologically based treatment programme utilised in this study was effective in treatment of the indirect route process with some effects of generalisation to behaviours such as consonant repetition, nonword repetition, real word repetition, oral praxis, and auditory syllable discrimination. These results support the view that language has a core phonological processor which comprise a neural network that links representations responsible for articulatory motor programming and naming. This study also supports the notion that phonologic treatment may be beneficial in individuals with aphasia and acquired alexia. C1 Univ Florida, Dept Neurol, Gainesville, FL 32610 USA. RP Kendall, DL (reprint author), Univ Florida, Dept Neurol, Box 100236, Gainesville, FL 32610 USA. CR Adair JC, 2000, NEUROPSY NEUROPSY BE, V13, P303 ALEXANDER AW, 1991, ANN DYSLEXIA, V41, P193, DOI 10.1007/BF02648086 BALL EW, 1988, ANN DYSLEXIA, V38, P208, DOI 10.1007/BF02648257 BEAUVOIS MF, 1979, J NEUROL NEUROSUR PS, V42, P1115, DOI 10.1136/jnnp.42.12.1115 BERNDT RS, 1994, COGNITIVE NEUROPSYCH, P503 Blumstein S. E., 1998, ACQUIRED APHASIA, P157, DOI 10.1016/B978-012619322-0/50008-7 Coltheart M, 1996, COGNITIVE NEUROPSYCH, V13, P749 Conway TW, 1998, J INT NEUROPSYCH SOC, V4, P608 DEPARTZ MP, 1986, COGNITIVE NEUROPSYCH, V3, P149, DOI 10.1080/02643298608252674 FIEZ JA, 1995, J COGNITIVE NEUROSCI, V7, P357, DOI 10.1162/jocn.1995.7.3.357 Friedman RB, 1996, BRAIN LANG, V55, P116 Friedman RB, 2002, NEUROPSYCHOLOGIA, V40, P223, DOI 10.1016/S0028-3932(01)00098-7 Hammill D., 1994, TEST ADOLESCENT ADUL Heilman KM, 1996, ANN NEUROL, V39, P407, DOI 10.1002/ana.410390323 HILLIS AE, 1990, COGNITIVE NEUROPSYCH, V7, P191, DOI 10.1080/02643299008253442 Kaplan E, 1983, BOSTON NAMING TEST Kendall DL, 1998, APHASIOLOGY, V12, P587, DOI 10.1080/02687039808249560 Kertesz A., 1982, W APHASIA BATTERY LaPointe L. L., 1979, READING COMPREHENSIO Lichtheim L., 1885, BRAIN, V7, P433 Lindamood C. H., 1975, AUDITORY DISCRIMINAT Lindamood C. H., 1979, LINDAMOOD AUDITORY C LINDAMOOD CH, 1998, LINDAMOOD PHONEME SE LUNDBERG I, 1988, READING RES Q, V23, P262 MATTHEWS C, 1991, J COMMUN DISORD, V24, P21, DOI 10.1016/0021-9924(91)90031-D McNeil M. R., 1978, REVISED TOKEN TEST Mitchum C. C., 1991, J NEUROLINGUIST, V6, P103, DOI 10.1016/0911-6044(91)90003-2 MITCHUM CC, 1993, APHASIOLOGY, V7, P71, DOI 10.1080/02687039308249500 NADEAU S, 2000, APHASIA LANGUAGE, P40 Plaut DC, 1996, PSYCHOL REV, V103, P56, DOI 10.1037/0033-295X.103.1.56 Pugh KR, 1996, BRAIN, V119, P1221, DOI 10.1093/brain/119.4.1221 Raven J. C., 1985, RAVENS PROGR MATRICE RUMSEY JM, 1995, J INT NEUROPSYCH SOC, V1, P180 SEIDENBERG MS, 1989, PSYCHOL REV, V96, P523, DOI 10.1037/0033-295X.96.4.523 SHAYWITZ BA, 1995, NATURE, V373, P607, DOI 10.1038/373607a0 Sokolov A. N., 1972, INNER SPEECH THOUGHT Torgesen J., 1999, TEST WORD READING EF TORGESEN JK, 1992, J EDUC PSYCHOL, V84, P364 Wagner R. K., 1998, COMPREHENSIVE TEST P Woodcock R., 1987, WOODCOCK READING MAS NR 40 TC 12 Z9 12 PU PSYCHOLOGY PRESS PI HOVE PA 27 CHURCH RD, HOVE BN3 2FA, EAST SUSSEX, ENGLAND SN 0268-7038 J9 APHASIOLOGY JI Aphasiology PD NOV PY 2003 VL 17 IS 11 BP 1073 EP 1095 DI 10.1080/02687030344000355 PG 23 WC Clinical Neurology SC Neurosciences & Neurology GA 754GD UT WOS:000187295400004 ER PT J AU Postler, J De Bleser, R Cholewa, J Glauche, V Hamzei, F Weiller, C AF Postler, J De Bleser, R Cholewa, J Glauche, V Hamzei, F Weiller, C TI Neuroimaging the semantic system(s) SO APHASIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID INFERIOR PREFRONTAL CORTEX; TEMPORAL LANGUAGE AREA; FUNCTIONAL MRI; MODALITY SPECIFICITY; OPTIC APHASIA; WILLED ACTION; NEURAL BASIS; CATEGORY; MEMORY; WORD AB Background: The organisation of the semantic system is controversially discussed among cognitive scientists. Whereas some authors assume that semantic processing is amodal, others propose modality-specific semantic systems. The amodal account holds that there is a single semantic system independent of the modality of stimulus presentation and nature of the concept. The multi-modal account, on the other hand, postulates that semantic knowledge is represented in modality-specific, distinct semantic systems. Attempts to integrate both accounts resulted in a hybrid model of semantic processing. Although an amodal semantic network is assumed in this view, input-dependent semantic specialisation coexists. Aims: The purpose of this study was to examine contrasting theories of the representation of the semantic knowledge with functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI). Methods & Procedures: Nine healthy subjects performed a semantic judgement task on graphemic words and pictures in the experimental condition, as well as a visual identity judgement task on pseudoword and three-dimensional geometric objects in the control condition. Outcomes & Results: A common activation pattern for words and pictures was found in the left inferior frontal gyrus and in the left middle temporal gyrus. Word-specific effects occurred in the left superior parietal, the left inferior occipital, the left anterior cingulate gyrus, and the right inferior frontal gyrus as well as bilaterally in the anteriomedial temporal area. Picture-specific areas involved the left supramarginal gyrus and the left cingulate gyrus. Further activation was found in the right middle frontal gyrus and bilaterally in the fusiform and inferior occipital gyrus. Conclusions: The results can best be accommodated in the framework of an integrative, hybrid model of semantic representation combining features of the amodal and the modality-specific account. C1 Univ Potsdam, Dept Cognit Neurolinguist, D-14415 Potsdam, Germany. Pedag Univ Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany. RP Postler, J (reprint author), Univ Potsdam, Dept Cognit Neurolinguist, PF 601553, D-14415 Potsdam, Germany. CR Allport D.A., 1985, CURRENT PERSPECTIVES, P32 Baayen R. H., 1995, CELEX LEXICAL DATABA BEAUVOIS MF, 1982, PHILOS T ROY SOC B, V298, P35, DOI 10.1098/rstb.1982.0070 Binder JR, 1997, J NEUROSCI, V17, P353 Binder JR, 1999, J COGNITIVE NEUROSCI, V11, P80, DOI 10.1162/089892999563265 Buchel C, 1998, NATURE, V394, P274, DOI 10.1038/28389 BURNSTINE TH, 1990, NEUROLOGY, V40, P966 CARAMAZZA A, 1990, COGNITIVE NEUROPSYCH, V7, P161, DOI 10.1080/02643299008253441 Caramazza A, 2000, NEUROPSYCHOLOGIA, V38, P944, DOI 10.1016/S0028-3932(00)00022-1 Chee MWL, 1999, HUM BRAIN MAPP, V7, P15, DOI 10.1002/(SICI)1097-0193(1999)7:1<15::AID-HBM2>3.0.CO;2-6 Chertkow H, 1997, BRAIN LANG, V58, P203, DOI 10.1006/brln.1997.1771 Coltheart M, 1998, NEUROCASE, V4, P353, DOI 10.1080/13554799808410632 DEBLESER R, 1997, ANOMIA NEUROANATOMIC, P93, DOI 10.1016/B978-012289685-9/50007-7 DEMB JB, 1995, J NEUROSCI, V15, P5870 DEMONET JF, 1994, BRAIN, V117, P671, DOI 10.1093/brain/117.4.671 DEsposito M, 1997, NEUROPSYCHOLOGIA, V35, P725, DOI 10.1016/S0028-3932(96)00121-2 Devlin JT, 2002, NEUROPSYCHOLOGIA, V40, P54, DOI 10.1016/S0028-3932(01)00066-5 EVANS AC, 1994, NATO ADV SCI INST SE, V264, P263 Fiez JA, 1997, HUM BRAIN MAPP, V5, P79, DOI 10.1002/(SICI)1097-0193(1997)5:2<79::AID-HBM1>3.0.CO;2-J Friston K, 1995, HUM BRAIN MAPP, V2, P1 Friston KJ, 1994, HUMAN BRAIN MAPPING, V2, P189, DOI DOI 10.1002/HBM.460020402 Friston KJ, 1999, NEUROIMAGE, V10, P385, DOI 10.1006/nimg.1999.0484 FRITH CD, 1991, P ROY SOC B-BIOL SCI, V244, P241, DOI 10.1098/rspb.1991.0077 Gabrieli JDE, 1996, PSYCHOL SCI, V7, P278, DOI 10.1111/j.1467-9280.1996.tb00374.x Gabrieli JDE, 1998, P NATL ACAD SCI USA, V95, P906, DOI 10.1073/pnas.95.3.906 Genzel S., 1995, NEUROLINGUISTIK, V9, P41 Gold BT, 2002, NEURON, V35, P803, DOI 10.1016/S0896-6273(02)00800-0 HART J, 1990, ANN NEUROL, V27, P226, DOI 10.1002/ana.410270303 Hickok G, 2000, NEUROSCI LETT, V287, P156, DOI 10.1016/S0304-3940(00)01143-5 HODGES JR, 1992, BRAIN, V115, P1783, DOI 10.1093/brain/115.6.1783 KAPUR S, 1994, NEUROREPORT, V5, P2193, DOI 10.1097/00001756-199410270-00051 LUDERS H, 1991, BRAIN, V114, P743, DOI 10.1093/brain/114.2.743 LUDERS H, 1986, NEUROLOGY, V36, P505 Mummery CJ, 1999, BRAIN, V122, P61, DOI 10.1093/brain/122.1.61 OLDFIELD RC, 1971, NEUROPSYCHOLOGIA, V9, P97, DOI 10.1016/0028-3932(71)90067-4 Paulesu E., 1993, NATURE, V363, P583 PELLEGRINO JW, 1977, MEM COGNITION, V5, P383, DOI 10.3758/BF03197377 Penfield W, 1959, SPEECH BRAIN MECH Perani D, 1999, NEUROPSYCHOLOGIA, V37, P293, DOI 10.1016/S0028-3932(98)00073-6 PETERSEN SE, 1988, NATURE, V331, P585, DOI 10.1038/331585a0 Plaut DC, 2002, COGN NEUROPSYCHOL, V19, P603, DOI 10.1080/02643290244000112 Poldrack RA, 1999, NEUROIMAGE, V10, P15, DOI 10.1006/nimg.1999.0441 POTTER MC, 1984, J VERB LEARN VERB BE, V23, P23, DOI 10.1016/S0022-5371(84)90489-4 POTTER MC, 1975, NATURE, V253, P437, DOI 10.1038/253437a0 Price CJ, 1998, TRENDS COGN SCI, V2, P281, DOI 10.1016/S1364-6613(98)01201-7 Price CJ, 1997, J COGNITIVE NEUROSCI, V9, P727, DOI 10.1162/jocn.1997.9.6.727 Price CJ, 1997, NEUROIMAGE, V5, P261, DOI 10.1006/nimg.1997.0269 Ricci PT, 1999, NEUROIMAGE, V9, P88, DOI 10.1006/nimg.1998.0386 RIDDOCH MJ, 1988, COGNITIVE NEUROPSYCH, V5, P3, DOI 10.1080/02643298808252925 ROSCH E, 1975, J EXP PSYCHOL GEN, V104, P192, DOI 10.1037//0096-3445.104.3.192 SHALLICE T, 1988, COGNITIVE NEUROPSYCH, V5, P133, DOI 10.1080/02643298808252929 SHEPARD RN, 1971, SCIENCE, V171, P701, DOI 10.1126/science.171.3972.701 SNODGRASS JG, 1980, J EXP PSYCHOL-HUM L, V6, P174, DOI 10.1037/0278-7393.6.2.174 SNODGRASS JG, 1986, J EXP PSYCHOL LEARN, V12, P147, DOI 10.1037/0278-7393.12.1.147 Swick D, 1996, NEUROPSYCHOLOGIA, V34, P1019, DOI 10.1016/0028-3932(96)00011-5 te Linde J, 1982, J Exp Psychol Learn Mem Cogn, V8, P584 Thompson-Schill SL, 1999, NEUROPSYCHOLOGIA, V37, P671, DOI 10.1016/S0028-3932(98)00126-2 Thompson-Schill SL, 1997, P NATL ACAD SCI USA, V94, P14792, DOI 10.1073/pnas.94.26.14792 Tippett LJ, 1996, NEUROPSYCHOLOGIA, V34, P139, DOI 10.1016/0028-3932(95)00098-4 Vandenberghe R, 1996, NATURE, V383, P254, DOI 10.1038/383254a0 Wagner AD, 1999, NEURON, V22, P19, DOI 10.1016/S0896-6273(00)80674-1 WARRINGTON EK, 1984, BRAIN, V107, P829, DOI 10.1093/brain/107.3.829 WARRINGTON EK, 1987, BRAIN, V110, P1273, DOI 10.1093/brain/110.5.1273 NR 63 TC 8 Z9 8 PU PSYCHOLOGY PRESS PI HOVE PA 27 CHURCH RD, HOVE BN3 2FA, EAST SUSSEX, ENGLAND SN 0268-7038 J9 APHASIOLOGY JI Aphasiology PD SEP PY 2003 VL 17 IS 9 BP 799 EP 814 DI 10.1080/02687030344000265 PG 16 WC Clinical Neurology SC Neurosciences & Neurology GA 719CF UT WOS:000185185500001 ER PT J AU Caporali, A Basso, A AF Caporali, A Basso, A TI A survey of long-term outcome of aphasia and of chances of gainful employment SO APHASIOLOGY LA English DT Article AB Background : Recovery from aphasia in the first 12 months post-onset has been extensively studied. However, far less research effort has been directed towards documenting the course of long-term aphasia. The few existing studies indicate a trend towards a decline in the long term. Aims : Aims of the present research were: (1) to investigate the long-term course of aphasia, and (2) to collect data about the occupational status of individuals with aphasia. Methods & Procedures : We present data from 52 left-hemisphere-damaged vascular aphasic individuals who underwent three aphasia examinations and had a mean post-onset time of 5 years. All subjects were treated between the first and second examination and none received treatment between the second and the final examination. At final examination the aphasic individuals and/or an important other were asked to respond to a questionnaire about the aphasic individuals' use of language, social life, and employment status. Outcomes & Results : Subjects significantly recovered between the first and second examination but there were no further significant changes between the second and the final examination. Only one subject showed a very mild general decline. Nine subjects were still gainfully employed at the time of the last evaluation and their working status is described. Conclusions : From our data it may be concluded that the passing of time has no negative effect on chronic aphasia. In view of the many variables involved, no general conclusion can be drawn concerning aphasic individuals' chances of gainful employment or their social life. C1 Univ Milan, Dept Neurol Sci, Neurol Unit, I-20122 Milan, Italy. RP Basso, A (reprint author), Univ Milan, Dept Neurol Sci, Neurol Unit, Via F Sforza 35, I-20122 Milan, Italy. CR BASSO A, 1979, ARCH NEUROL-CHICAGO, V36, P190 CARRIERO MR, 1987, CORTEX, V26, P667 DERENZI E, 1978, CORTEX, V14, P41 Goodglass H, 1983, ASSESSMENT APHASIA R, V2nd HANSON WR, 1989, APHASIOLOGY, V3, P19, DOI 10.1080/02687038908248973 HATFIELD FM, 1975, SCAND J REHABIL MED, V7, P57 Huber W., 1993, APHASIA TREATMENT WO, P55 Irwin WH, 2002, APHASIOLOGY, V16, P823, DOI 10.1080/02687030244000086 NICHOLAS ML, 1993, ARCH PHYS MED REHAB, V74, P830, DOI 10.1016/0003-9993(93)90009-Y OLDFIELD RC, 1971, NEUROPSYCHOLOGIA, V9, P97, DOI 10.1016/0028-3932(71)90067-4 Porch B. E., 1967, PORCH INDEX COMMUNIC Wahrborg P, 1997, APHASIOLOGY, V11, P709, DOI 10.1080/02687039708249417 NR 12 TC 9 Z9 9 PU PSYCHOLOGY PRESS PI HOVE PA 27 CHURCH RD, HOVE BN3 2FA, EAST SUSSEX, ENGLAND SN 0268-7038 J9 APHASIOLOGY JI Aphasiology PD SEP PY 2003 VL 17 IS 9 BP 815 EP 834 DI 10.1080/02687030344000247 PG 20 WC Clinical Neurology SC Neurosciences & Neurology GA 719CF UT WOS:000185185500002 ER PT J AU Michallet, B Tetreault, S Le Dorze, G AF Michallet, B Tetreault, S Le Dorze, G TI The consequences of severe aphasia on the spouses of aphasic people: A description of the adaptation process SO APHASIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID STROKE; ADJUSTMENT; DISEASE; FAMILY; MODEL AB Background : Aphasia changes the links an individual has with his/her social milieu. However, information about these changes is sparse as most research on aphasia has been centred on understanding this language disorder and testing treatment methods. Moreover, information about the psycho-social consequences of severe aphasia is even rarer. Aims : To determine the consequences of severe aphasia as experienced by spouses of persons with aphasia. Methods & Procedures : A qualitative phenomenological approach was adopted. Spouses of five persons with relatively longstanding severe aphasia were interviewed with a semi-structured qualitative schedule. The analysis was guided by the data and by a model of the adaptation process. Outcomes & Results : Spouses' perceived sources of stress related to various changes in lifestyle habits more or less explicitly related to the aphasic person's communication impairment. These consequences were experienced in the realms of communication, interpersonal relationships, responsibilities, leisure activities, and finances. Spouses employed coping strategies. These strategies were directly based on the problems they encountered or on the control of the significance of these problems. Spouses experienced various indicators of adaptation such as fatigue, anxiety, discouragement, loss of privacy, social isolation and burden. These consequences, coping strategies, and indications of adaptation were functions of the contextual stimuli of these couples. Conclusions : These results serve to describe how spouses experience lifestyle changes associated to the aphasia in their partner. Speech-language therapy could contribute to minimise the impact of aphasia on both spouses and aphasic people by considering how spouses adapt to aphasia. C1 Univ Montreal, Ecole Orthophonie & Audiol, Montreal, PQ H3C 3J7, Canada. Univ Laval, Quebec City, PQ, Canada. RP Le Dorze, G (reprint author), Univ Montreal, Ecole Orthophonie & Audiol, CP 6128,Succursale Ctr Ville, Montreal, PQ H3C 3J7, Canada. RI Le Dorze, Guylaine/A-1790-2014 CR Andrews H. A., 1999, ROY ADAPTATION MODEL ANNONI JM, 1993, APHASIOLOGY, V7, P271, DOI 10.1080/02687039308249510 Artes R, 1976, RECOVERY APHASICS, P31 CHRISTENSEN JM, 1989, J COMMUN DISORD, V22, P225, DOI 10.1016/0021-9924(89)90018-X Cohen M H, 1993, West J Nurs Res, V15, P77, DOI 10.1177/019394599301500106 Deloche G., 1996, Annales de Readaptation et de Medecine Physique, V39, P1, DOI 10.1016/0168-6054(96)88044-5 Deslauriers J., 1991, RECHERCHE QUALITATIV Ducharme F, 1998, NURS SCI QUART, V11, P149, DOI 10.1177/089431849801100407 DUQUETTE A, 1996, RECHERCHE SOINS INFI, V44, P61 EDELMAN G, 1987, APHASIOLOGY, V1, P75, DOI 10.1080/02687038708248813 FRIEDLAND J, 1987, ARCH PHYS MED REHAB, V68, P475 GOODGASS H, 1983, ASSESSMENT APHASIA R Grant JS, 1997, J FAMILY NURSING, V3, P36, DOI 10.1177/107484079700300103 Guba E. G., 1989, 4 GENERATION EVALUAT HARTUNIAN NS, 1980, AM J PUBLIC HEALTH, V70, P1249, DOI 10.2105/AJPH.70.12.1249 HERRMANN M, 1989, APHASIOLOGY, V3, P513, DOI 10.1080/02687038908249019 Herrmann M, 1997, APHASIOLOGY, V11, P717, DOI 10.1080/02687039708249418 Holstein James A., 1994, HDB QUALITATIVE RES, P262 Kagan A, 1995, TOP STROKE REHABIL, V2, P15 KELLYHAYES M, 1988, ARCH PHYS MED REHAB, V69, P415 Kinsella G, 1978, MANAGEMENT APHASIA, P26 Lazarus R. S., 1984, HDB BEHAV MED, P282 Lazarus R.S., 1976, PATTERNS ADJUSTMENT LEDORZE G, 1995, APHASIOLOGY, V9, P239 LEMAY MA, 1989, APHASIQUE, P179 Levy R, 1994, RUPTURES, V1, P92 Mayer R, 1991, METHODOLOGIE RECHERC Michallet B, 2001, APHASIOLOGY, V15, P731, DOI 10.1080/02687040143000087 PARR S, 1994, APHASIOLOGY, V8, P457, DOI 10.1080/02687039408248670 Parsons T., 1987, PHILOS PERSPECTIVES, V1, P1, DOI 10.2307/2214141 PEARLIN LI, 1978, J HEALTH SOC BEHAV, V19, P2, DOI 10.2307/2136319 PEARLIN LI, 1981, J HEALTH SOC BEHAV, V22, P337, DOI 10.2307/2136676 REESE DR, 1994, GERONTOLOGIST, V34, P534 SARNO MT, 1993, APHASIOLOGY, V7, P321, DOI 10.1080/02687039308249514 WAHRBORG P, 1989, APHASIOLOGY, V3, P479, DOI 10.1080/02687038908249009 WAHRBORG P, 1990, APHASIOLOGY, V4, P371, DOI 10.1080/02687039008249089 Wertz R. T., 1987, APHASIOLOGY, V1, P87, DOI 10.1080/02687038708248815 Williams A, 1994, J Neurosci Nurs, V26, P155 ZRAICK RI, 1991, J SPEECH HEAR RES, V34, P123 NR 39 TC 29 Z9 29 PU PSYCHOLOGY PRESS PI HOVE PA 27 CHURCH RD, HOVE BN3 2FA, EAST SUSSEX, ENGLAND SN 0268-7038 J9 APHASIOLOGY JI Aphasiology PD SEP PY 2003 VL 17 IS 9 BP 835 EP 859 DI 10.1080/02687030344000238 PG 25 WC Clinical Neurology SC Neurosciences & Neurology GA 719CF UT WOS:000185185500003 ER PT J AU Wunderlich, A Ziegler, W Geigenberger, A AF Wunderlich, A Ziegler, W Geigenberger, A TI Implicit processing of prosodic information in patients with left and right hemisphere stroke SO APHASIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID SENTENCE COMPREHENSION; FUNDAMENTAL-FREQUENCY; INTONATION CONTOURS; DECISION PROCESSES; EMOTIONAL PROSODY; DAMAGED SUBJECTS; SPEECH PROSODY; BRAIN-DAMAGE; STRESS; SPECIALIZATION AB Background : Investigations of prosodic processing in brain-damaged patients have primarily focused on hemispheric specialisations in the processing of prosodic structures. Most studies of receptive prosodic abilities in brain-damaged people share a common methodological approach, i.e., they are based on explicit tasks. No attention has been paid so far to the impact of explicit or implicit experimental methodologies. Aims : The aim of this study was to compare implicit and explicit experimental paradigms of receptive prosodic processing in patients with focal left and right hemisphere lesions. Methods & Procedures : Two implicit processing paradigms were used to investigate the comprehension of turn-related prosody (turn-detection task) and of prosodic focus (phoneme-detection task) in patients with focal cerebro-vascular lesions to the left or right cerebral hemisphere. The results were compared with explicit processing data of two matched patient groups selected from a larger sample of an earlier study. Outcomes & Results : (a) In the turn-detection experiment normal subjects and left hemisphere damaged patients relied on prosodic information to detect conversational turns, whereas right hemisphere damaged patients were unable to benefit from the prosodic structure of utterances. A comparison of these results with the performance of two matched patient groups on an explicit "non-linguistic prosodic" paradigm (rating of emotional prosody) revealed the same pattern. b) In the phoneme-detection experiment prosodic focus information influenced detection latencies in both patient groups, i.e., RHD and LHD patients were able to process prosodic focus in an implicit manner. In the explicit processing of prosodic focus (identification task), RHD patients were moderately disturbed, while LHD patients showed more severe impairments. Conclusions : The finding that RHD patients showed impaired performance in three out of four tasks confirmed a substantial deficit in the processing of prosodic information. Their preserved performance in the implicit processing of prosodic focus can be explained by the presence of local cues. On the contrary, the results of the LHD subjects indicate that earlier findings of an impaired prosodic focus processing in these patients might be attributable to the explicit nature of the tasks used in most studies rather than to a primary deficit in the processing of prosodic structures. C1 City Hosp Bogenhausen, Munich, Germany. RP Wunderlich, A (reprint author), EKN Clin Neurophysiol Res Grp, Dachauer Str 164, D-80992 Munich, Germany. CR Adolphs R, 1996, J NEUROSCI, V16, P7678 Baum SR, 1999, APHASIOLOGY, V13, P581 Baum SR, 1998, J SPEECH LANG HEAR R, V41, P31 Baum SR, 2002, APPL PSYCHOLINGUIST, V23, P233, DOI 10.1017/S0142716402002047 BEATTIE GW, 1982, NATURE, V300, P744, DOI 10.1038/300744a0 BEHRENS SJ, 1989, BRAIN LANG, V37, P181, DOI 10.1016/0093-934X(89)90014-X BLONDER LX, 1991, BRAIN, V114, P1115, DOI 10.1093/brain/114.3.1115 BOROD JC, 1992, NEUROPSYCHOLOGIA, V30, P827, DOI 10.1016/0028-3932(92)90086-2 Boutsen Frank R., 2002, Seminars in Speech and Language, V23, P245, DOI 10.1055/s-2002-35799 BOUTSEN FR, 2001, SPEECH MOTOR CONTROL BOWERS D, 1987, NEUROPSYCHOLOGIA, V25, P317, DOI 10.1016/0028-3932(87)90021-2 BRYAN KL, 1989, APHASIOLOGY, V3, P285, DOI 10.1080/02687038908249000 CANCELLIERE AEB, 1990, BRAIN COGNITION, V13, P133, DOI 10.1016/0278-2626(90)90046-Q Cutler A, 1997, LANG SPEECH, V40, P141 CUTLER A, 1976, PERCEPT PSYCHOPHYS, V20, P55, DOI 10.3758/BF03198706 CUTLER A, 1977, LANG SPEECH, V20, P1 EMMOREY KD, 1987, BRAIN LANG, V30, P305, DOI 10.1016/0093-934X(87)90105-2 FOSS DJ, 1969, J VERB LEARN VERB BE, V8, P457, DOI 10.1016/S0022-5371(69)80089-7 FOSS DJ, 1969, PERCEPT PSYCHOPHYS, V5, P145, DOI 10.3758/BF03209545 Geigenberger A, 2001, APHASIOLOGY, V15, P1169, DOI 10.1080/02687040143000555 Grela B, 1998, BRAIN LANG, V64, P361, DOI 10.1006/brln.1998.1975 GROSJEAN F, 1983, LINGUISTICS, V21, P501, DOI 10.1515/ling.1983.21.3.501 Grosjean F, 1996, LANG COGNITIVE PROC, V11, P107, DOI 10.1080/016909696387231 HELLER W, 1981, NEUROPSYCHOLOGIA, V19, P263, DOI 10.1016/0028-3932(81)90110-X HRUSKA C, 2000, ANN REP 2000 M PLANC, V54 Huber W., 1983, AACHENER APHASIE TES JACKENDOFF R, 1999, NEUROCOGNITION LANGU Jackendoff R., 2002, FDN LANGUAGE Johnsrude IS, 1997, NEUROREPORT, V8, P1761 KIMELMAN MDZ, 1987, J SPEECH HEAR RES, V30, P295 Kimelman MDZ, 1999, BRAIN LANG, V69, P212, DOI 10.1006/brln.1999.2142 KLOUDA GV, 1988, BRAIN LANG, V35, P154, DOI 10.1016/0093-934X(88)90106-X LEHTIHALMES M, 1993, 3 TAG INT CLIN PHON Pell MD, 1998, NEUROPSYCHOLOGIA, V36, P701, DOI 10.1016/S0028-3932(98)00008-6 Pell MD, 1999, BRAIN LANG, V69, P161, DOI 10.1006/brln.1999.2065 Perkins JM, 1996, APHASIOLOGY, V10, P343, DOI 10.1080/02687039608248416 Rao SM, 2001, NAT NEUROSCI, V4, P317, DOI 10.1038/85191 ROSS ED, 1981, ARCH NEUROL-CHICAGO, V38, P561 SHAPIRO BE, 1985, BRAIN LANG, V25, P19, DOI 10.1016/0093-934X(85)90118-X Sheskin D.J., 2000, HDB PARAMETRIC NONPA SHIPLEYBROWN F, 1988, BRAIN LANG, V33, P16, DOI 10.1016/0093-934X(88)90051-X Snow D, 2000, DEV NEUROPSYCHOL, V17, P1, DOI 10.1207/S15326942DN1701_01 Steinhauer K, 1999, NAT NEUROSCI, V2, P191, DOI 10.1038/5757 SWINNEY DA, 1980, BRAIN LANG, V10, P132, DOI 10.1016/0093-934X(80)90044-9 TISCHER BERND, 1993, VOKALE KOMMUNIKATION, V18 Tyler L. K., 1992, SPOKEN LANGUAGE COMP van Lancker D., 1980, LINGUISTICS INT J HU, V13, P201 VANLANCKER D, 1992, J SPEECH HEAR RES, V35, P963 Walker JP, 2001, BRAIN LANG, V78, P169, DOI 10.1006/brln.2001.2454 Weniger D, 1984, Adv Neurol, V42, P41 Zattore R. J., 1992, SCIENCE, V256, P846 ZATTORE RJ, 1991, BRAIN, V114, P2403 Zeman A, 2001, BRAIN, V124, P1263, DOI 10.1093/brain/124.7.1263 ZIERDT A, 2002, UNPUB UDAP HDB Zimmermann P., 1994, TESTBATTERIE AUFMERK NR 55 TC 11 Z9 14 PU PSYCHOLOGY PRESS PI HOVE PA 27 CHURCH RD, HOVE BN3 2FA, EAST SUSSEX, ENGLAND SN 0268-7038 J9 APHASIOLOGY JI Aphasiology PD SEP PY 2003 VL 17 IS 9 BP 861 EP 879 DI 10.1080/02687030344000283 PG 19 WC Clinical Neurology SC Neurosciences & Neurology GA 719CF UT WOS:000185185500004 ER PT J AU Brady, M Mackenzie, C Armstrong, L AF Brady, M Mackenzie, C Armstrong, L TI Topic use following right hemisphere brain damage during three semi-structured conversational discourse samples SO APHASIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID LANGUAGE DISORDERS; EMOTIONAL CONTENT; ADULTS; ORGANIZATION; DEMENTIA; MANIPULATION; PERFORMANCE; KNOWLEDGE; PATTERNS; REQUESTS AB Background: Right hemisphere brain damage (RHBD) has been linked to a diverse range of discourse-level communicative deficits generally based on subjective impressions. Investigative evidence to support or refute the reports is limited and what evidence is available is frequently restricted in the conclusions it can make as a result of small sample sizes, inadequate reporting of onset time, and site of lesion. Comparisons with matched NBD individuals' performance are rare. Many of the descriptions could reflect a difficulty with the use of topic. Disorganised, verbose, tangential discourse with poor topic maintenance may reflect difficulties with the structural aspects of topic use, i.e., topic coherence. Other descriptions of discourse with an excessive focus on details, personalisations, and anecdotal elements are also prevalent but are not reflected within a topic coherence model. They may be linked to a deficit in the management of topic on an utterance by utterance level. Aims: To explore topic coherence and topic management during semi-structured conversational discourse by individuals with RHBD as a result of stroke. Methods & Procedures: Three cue-elicited conversational discourse samples were taken from a group of 17 individuals with post-stroke RHBD and a matched group of 51 non-brain-damaged individuals. The participants with RHBD were sampled at 1 and 6 months post-stroke. Discourse samples were transcribed and analysed in terms of topic coherence and management. The intra-test, inter-test, and test-retest reliability of the analysis was also evaluated. Outcomes & Results: The method of discourse sampling and the topic coherence and management analyses used proved to be reliable. There was no indication of a widespread consistent difference in the use of topic by the RHBD and NBD groups during the discourse samples. The exploratory results suggest the individuals with RHBD had some difficulties with topic coherence at subdivisional levels in comparison to NBD individuals. The groups' use of main topics differed little. Some differences between the RHBD and NBD individuals' use of fillers and repetition were observed. The proportion of on-topic utterances rather than off-topic or topic-shading utterances also indicated some between-group differences. Conclusions: These exploratory results provide little support for the perception that the RHBD population experiences widespread topic difficulties. The results highlight specific elements of discourse topic use that may differ between the RHBD and NBD individuals, but which requires further targeted investigation. C1 Glasgow Caledonian Univ, NRIS, Glasgow G4 0BA, Lanark, Scotland. Univ Strathclyde, Glasgow G1 1XQ, Lanark, Scotland. Queen Margaret Univ Coll, Edinburgh, Midlothian, Scotland. Perth Royal Infirm, Perth, Scotland. RP Brady, M (reprint author), Glasgow Caledonian Univ, NRIS, Fac Hlth Bldg,Cowcaddens Rd, Glasgow G4 0BA, Lanark, Scotland. CR AICKIN M, 1999, BRIT MED J, V318, P1237 AUER P, 1995, ASPECTS ORAL COMMUNI, P419 BAMFORD J, 1991, LANCET, V337, P1521, DOI 10.1016/0140-6736(91)93206-O BAYLES KA, 1985, BRAIN LANG, V25, P102, DOI 10.1016/0093-934X(85)90123-3 Bender R, 1999, BRIT MED J, V318, P600 Bland M, 1995, INTRO MED STAT BLOOM RL, 1993, J SPEECH HEAR RES, V36, P1227 BLOOM RL, 1992, BRAIN LANG, V42, P153, DOI 10.1016/0093-934X(92)90122-U BODEN D, 1986, LANG COMMUN, V6, P73, DOI 10.1016/0271-5309(86)90007-8 Body R, 1998, BRAIN INJURY, V12, P963 BRINTON B, 1984, J SPEECH HEAR RES, V27, P350 Brownell H, 1999, BRAIN LANG, V68, P442, DOI 10.1006/brln.1999.2122 BRYAN KL, 1988, BRIT J DISORD COMMUN, V23, P111 CHERNEY LR, 1992, CLIN APHASIOLOGY, V22, P67 Cools C, 1998, INT J REHABIL RES, V21, P323, DOI 10.1097/00004356-199809000-00007 Davidson B, 2003, APHASIOLOGY, V17, P243, DOI 10.1080/02687030244000653 DELIS DC, 1983, CORTEX, V19, P43 DOYLE PJ, 1994, CLIN APHASIOL, V22, P135 EASTERBROOK A, 1982, BRIT J DISORD COMMUN, V17, P93 Garcia L. J., 1994, DISCOURSE ANAL APPL, P161 Gardner H., 1983, COGNITIVE PROCESSING, P169 GLOSSER G, 1991, BRAIN LANG, V40, P67, DOI 10.1016/0093-934X(91)90117-J Halliday Michael, 1976, COHESION ENGLISH HARAVON A, 1994, STUDIES ADULT CLIN P, P47 HOUGH MS, 1990, BRAIN LANG, V38, P253, DOI 10.1016/0093-934X(90)90114-V HOUGH MS, 1989, CLIN APHASIOLOGY, V18, P489 Jefferson G., 1989, CONVERSATION INTERDI, P166 Jefferson G, 1984, STRUCTURES SOCIAL AC, P346 Joanette Y., 1990, DISCOURSE ABILITY BR, P131 JOANETTE Y, 1994, CLIN APHASIOL, V22, P1 JOANETTE Y, 1986, BRAIN LANG, V29, P81, DOI 10.1016/0093-934X(86)90035-0 KENNEDY MRT, 1994, CLIN APHASIOL, V22, P67 Kennedy MRT, 2000, AM J SPEECH-LANG PAT, V9, P72 Klonoff Pamela S., 1990, NEUROPSYCHOLOGY, V4, P147, DOI 10.1037/0894-4105.4.3.147 Lehman MT, 2000, APHASIOLOGY, V14, P485 LojekOsiejuk E, 1996, BRAIN LANG, V53, P58, DOI 10.1006/brln.1996.0037 Mackenzie C, 1997, APHASIOLOGY, V11, P929, DOI 10.1080/02687039708249420 MACKISACK EL, 1987, CLIN APHASIOLOGY, V17, P143 MENTIS M, 1995, J SPEECH HEAR RES, V38, P1054 MYERS P, 1990, APHASIA RELATED NEUR, P177 Myers P. S, 1979, CLIN APH C P MINN, P38 Myers P. S., 1999, RIGHT HEMISPHERE DAM MYERS PS, 1993, NARRATIVE DISCOURSE IN NEUROLOGICALLY IMPAIRED AND NORMAL AGING ADULTS, P279 MYERS PS, 1986, LANGUAGE INTERVENTIO, P444 Obler L. K., 1994, DISCOURSE ANAL APPL, P15 OBLER LK, 1980, LANG COMMUN, P75 OLDFIELD RC, 1971, NEUROPSYCHOLOGIA, V9, P97, DOI 10.1016/0028-3932(71)90067-4 Orange JB, 1998, J NEUROLINGUIST, V11, P153, DOI 10.1016/S0911-6044(98)00011-6 OSIEJUK E, 1989, POLISH PSYCHOL B, V10, P139 Perneger TV, 1998, BRIT MED J, V316, P1236 Prigatano GP, 1986, NEUROPSYCHOL REHABIL, P1 PRUTTING CA, 1987, J SPEECH HEAR DISORD, V52, P105 MENTIS M, 1991, J SPEECH HEAR RES, V34, P583 PSATHAS G, 1990, SEMIOTICA, V78, P75, DOI 10.1515/semi.1990.78.1-2.75 REHAK A, 1992, BRAIN LANG, V42, P203, DOI 10.1016/0093-934X(92)90125-X REHAK A, 1992, BRAIN LANG, V42, P320, DOI 10.1016/0093-934X(92)90104-M RIPICH DN, 1988, J SPEECH HEAR DISORD, V53, P8 RIVERS DL, 1980, BRAIN LANG, V10, P348, DOI 10.1016/0093-934X(80)90061-9 ROMAN M, 1987, BRAIN LANG, V31, P151, DOI 10.1016/0093-934X(87)90066-6 Rothman K J, 1990, Epidemiology, V1, P43, DOI 10.1097/00001648-199001000-00010 Schank R. C., 1977, COGNITIVE SCI, V1, P421, DOI 10.1207/s15516709cog0104_3 Schegloff Emanuel Abraham, 1987, TALK SOCIAL ORG, P70 Schegloff Emmanuel, 1973, SEMIOTICA, V7, P289, DOI DOI 10.1515/SEMI.1973.8.4.289 SCHNEIDERMAN EI, 1992, BRAIN LANG, V43, P107, DOI 10.1016/0093-934X(92)90024-9 SHERRATT SM, 1990, APHASIOLOGY, V4, P539, DOI 10.1080/02687039008248506 Snow P, 1997, BRAIN INJURY, V11, P409 STEMMER B, 1994, BRAIN LANG, V46, P565, DOI 10.1006/brln.1994.1031 STOVER SE, 1989, CLIN LINGUIST PHONET, V3, P137, DOI 10.3109/02699208908985277 TERRELL B Y, 1989, Seminars in Speech and Language, V10, P282, DOI 10.1055/s-2008-1064269 Tompkins CA, 1995, RIGHT HEMISPHERE COM TOMPKINS CA, 1992, J SPEECH HEAR RES, V35, P626 TONKOVICH J D, 1989, Seminars in Speech and Language, V10, P343, DOI 10.1055/s-2008-1064273 Trupe E. H., 1985, CLIN APHASIOLOGY C P, P83 Ulatowska H. K., 1994, DISCOURSE ANAL APPL, P29 URYASE D, 1990, CLIN APHASIOLOGY, V19, P125 VARLEY R, 1997, LANGUAGE DISORDERS C, P219 WAPNER W, 1981, BRAIN LANG, V14, P15, DOI 10.1016/0093-934X(81)90061-4 WEEKS DJ, 1988, ANOMALOUS SENTENCE R NR 78 TC 8 Z9 9 PU PSYCHOLOGY PRESS PI HOVE PA 27 CHURCH RD, HOVE BN3 2FA, EAST SUSSEX, ENGLAND SN 0268-7038 J9 APHASIOLOGY JI Aphasiology PD SEP PY 2003 VL 17 IS 9 BP 881 EP 904 DI 10.1080/02687030344000292 PG 24 WC Clinical Neurology SC Neurosciences & Neurology GA 719CF UT WOS:000185185500005 ER PT J AU Cunningham, R Ward, C AF Cunningham, R Ward, C TI Evaluation of a training programme to facilitate conversation between people with aphasia and their partners SO APHASIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID DEPRESSION SCALE; HOSPITAL ANXIETY; SUPPORTED CONVERSATION; COMMUNICATION; ADULTS; STRATEGIES; VALIDATION; RESOURCES; CARERS; TALK AB Background: The investigation into conversational interaction in aphasia and its therapeutic implications has received much interest. It is increasingly accepted that people with aphasia cannot be treated in isolation but as part of a social unit. Training conversation partners has been shown to impact on the disabling effect of aphasia. Aims: The principal aim of this study was to evaluate a programme designed to train a relative/friend to communicate more effectively with an aphasic partner. The intervention was assessed in terms of effects on communication and on wellbeing. Methods & Procedures: Four single-case studies were completed. The aphasic participants had severe impairment affecting both comprehension and expression. The baseline was a series of three assessments. The dyads were videotaped having a conversation, and completed a Visual Assessment for Self-Esteem Scale (VASES). The non-aphasic partner also completed a Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS). The training programme ran for 5 weeks (1.5 hours/week) at the couples' homes. It included education, video feedback, and role-play. The initial assessments were repeated post-intervention. Outcomes & Results: Conversation data were subject to a conversation analysis as well as frequency counts of nonverbal behaviours. We found positive individual changes and positive trends: three of the four dyads increased their use of gesture and the proportion of successful repair sequences increased post-intervention, although these changes were not statistically significant. There were no significant differences for the HADS but there were differences between the aphasics and the non-aphasics on the VASES. Conclusions: The positive trends suggest that working with couples can produce beneficial effects. Future research may help establish who will benefit from this approach and the optimal number of sessions. C1 Amber Valley Primary Care Trust, Derby City Gen Hosp, Derby DE22 3NE, England. Univ Nottingham, Nottingham NG7 2RD, England. RP Cunningham, R (reprint author), Amber Valley Primary Care Trust, Derby City Gen Hosp, Kings Lodge,Uttoxeter Rd, Derby DE22 3NE, England. CR BINDMAN B, 1995, TOPICS STROKE REHABI, V2, P46 Booth S, 1999, INT J LANG COMM DIS, V34, P291, DOI 10.1080/136828299247423 Booth S, 1999, APHASIOLOGY, V13, P283 BORENSTEIN P, 1987, SCAND J REHABIL MED, V19, P51 BRUMFITT SM, 1999, VISUAL ASSESSMENT Bryan K, 1998, APHASIOLOGY, V12, P179, DOI 10.1080/02687039808250474 FINKLESTEIN V, 1993, DISABLING BARRIERS E Herrmann C, 1997, J PSYCHOSOM RES, V42, P17, DOI 10.1016/S0022-3999(96)00216-4 HOLLAND AL, 1982, J SPEECH HEAR DISORD, V47, P50 Holland AL, 1998, APHASIOLOGY, V12, P844, DOI 10.1080/02687039808249578 Hopper T, 2002, APHASIOLOGY, V16, P745, DOI 10.1080/02687030244000059 Johnston M, 2000, J PSYCHOSOM RES, V48, P579, DOI 10.1016/S0022-3999(00)00102-1 JORDAN L, 1996, APHASIA SOCIAL APPRO Kagan A, 1995, TOP STROKE REHABIL, V2, P15 KAGAN A, 1999, THESIS U TORONTO CAN Kagan A, 1998, APHASIOLOGY, V12, P816, DOI 10.1080/02687039808249575 Kagan A., 1993, APHASIA TREATMENT WO, P199 Lindsay J, 1999, APHASIOLOGY, V13, P305 Livneh H., 1997, PSYCHOSOCIAL ADAPTAT Lock S., 2001, SUPPORTING PARTNERS Lyon JG, 1997, APHASIOLOGY, V11, P693, DOI 10.1080/02687039708249416 MCLEOD H, 1996, INT J PRACTICAL APPR, V19, P5 Nickels L, 1996, APHASIOLOGY, V10, P21, DOI 10.1080/02687039608248397 PARR S, 1995, BULLETIN, V517, P8 PENMAN T, 1998, BULLETIN, V556, P14 PERKINS L, 1995, EUR J DISORDER COMM, V30, P372 Pound C, 2001, APHASIOLOGY, V15, P477, DOI 10.1080/02687040143000159 POUND C, 2000, APHASIA THERAPIES LI Purcell M, 2000, INT J LANG COMM DIS, V35, P147 Simmons-Mackie N, 1999, APHASIOLOGY, V13, P807 SimmonsMackie NN, 1997, APHASIOLOGY, V11, P761, DOI 10.1080/02687039708250455 WAHRBORG P, 1991, ASSESSMENT MANAGEMEN Whitworth A, 1997, CONVERSATION ANAL PR ZIGMOND AS, 1983, ACTA PSYCHIAT SCAND, V67, P361, DOI 10.1111/j.1600-0447.1983.tb09716.x NR 34 TC 33 Z9 33 PU PSYCHOLOGY PRESS PI HOVE PA 27 CHURCH RD, HOVE BN3 2FA, EAST SUSSEX, ENGLAND SN 0268-7038 J9 APHASIOLOGY JI Aphasiology PD AUG PY 2003 VL 17 IS 8 BP 687 EP 707 DI 10.1080/02687030344000184 PG 21 WC Clinical Neurology SC Neurosciences & Neurology GA 706MM UT WOS:000184457500001 ER PT J AU Laganaro, M Di Pietro, M Schnider, A AF Laganaro, M Di Pietro, M Schnider, A TI Computerised treatment of anomia in chronic and acute aphasia: An exploratory study SO APHASIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID NAMING DISORDERS; THERAPY; REHABILITATION; LANGUAGE AB Background: Studies on computer assisted therapy (CAT) show encouraging outcomes with chronic aphasic speakers. However, there have been no studies investigating efficacy of CAT carried out with acute in-patients. Aims: This paper aims to evaluate the effects and feasibility of an unsupervised computer-based therapy for anomia in chronic out-patient and acute in-patient aphasic participants. The computerised training programmes were selected according to each participant's anomic syndrome. Methods & Procedures: A multiple single-case design was used with two subgroups of aphasic participants. In the out-patients group (N = 4), CAT sessions were alternated with an equal number of clinical treatment sessions. In a second group of seven in-patients with acute aphasia, CAT was added to daily individual aphasia therapy. Outcomes & Results : In four chronic out-patients, a significant item-specific effect of CAT was shown. For two participants, this effect was similar to the effect of an equal number of individual clinical therapy sessions. Results were more heterogeneous in the in-patient group: an item-specific effect of CAT, not accounted for by spontaneous recovery, was observed in three of the seven participants. Conclusions: The present data suggest that individually adapted CAT can be effective as an adjunct to clinical therapy for anomia, not only with chronic aphasic out-patients but also in acute in-patients. Further investigation is needed in order to specify the conditions of application of CAT, given the varied results among our participants specially in the in-patients group. C1 Univ Hosp Geneva, Clin Reeduc, CH-1211 Geneva 14, Switzerland. RP Laganaro, M (reprint author), Univ Hosp Geneva, Clin Reeduc, Av Beau Sejour 26, CH-1211 Geneva 14, Switzerland. RI Laganaro, Marina/A-2842-2011 CR Basso A, 2001, APHASIOLOGY, V15, P307, DOI 10.1080/02687040042000304 Best W, 2000, NEUROPSYCHOL REHABIL, V10, P231 BRUCE C, 1987, BRIT J DISORD COMMUN, V22, P191 CONTENT A, 1990, ANN PSYCHOL, V90, P551 Crerar MA, 1996, BRAIN LANG, V52, P229, DOI 10.1006/brln.1996.0010 DELOCHE G, 1991, REEDUCATION NEUROPSY Fink RB, 2002, APHASIOLOGY, V16, P1061, DOI 10.1080/02687030244000400 Hillis A. E., 1994, COGNITIVE NEUROPSYCH HOWARD D, 1985, COGNITIVE NEUROPSYCH, V2, P49, DOI 10.1080/02643298508252861 HOWARD D, 1985, BRAIN, V108, P818 Katz RC, 1997, J SPEECH LANG HEAR R, V40, P493 Linebarger MC, 2001, NEUROPSYCHOL REHABIL, V11, P57 MARSHALL J, 1990, APHASIOLOGY, V4, P167, DOI 10.1080/02687039008249068 Miceli G, 1996, BRAIN LANG, V52, P150, DOI 10.1006/brln.1996.0008 Mortley J, 2001, APHASIOLOGY, V15, P443, DOI 10.1080/02687040042000188 Nespoulous J, 1992, PROTOCOLE MONTREAL T Nickels L, 2002, APHASIOLOGY, V16, P935, DOI 10.1080/02687030244000563 Nickels L, 1996, APHASIOLOGY, V10, P21, DOI 10.1080/02687039608248397 Pedersen PM, 2001, APHASIOLOGY, V15, P151, DOI 10.1080/02687040042000106 Petheram B, 1996, APHASIOLOGY, V10, P267, DOI 10.1080/02687039608248412 PETHERAM BL, 1991, J NEUROLINGUIST, V6, P177, DOI 10.1016/0911-6044(91)90006-5 ROBERTSON I, 1990, APHASIOLOGY, V4, P381, DOI 10.1080/02687039008249090 Robson J, 1998, J INT NEUROPSYCH SOC, V4, P675 SNODGRASS JG, 1980, J EXP PSYCHOL-HUM L, V6, P174, DOI 10.1037/0278-7393.6.2.174 NR 24 TC 15 Z9 15 PU PSYCHOLOGY PRESS PI HOVE PA 27 CHURCH RD, HOVE BN3 2FA, EAST SUSSEX, ENGLAND SN 0268-7038 J9 APHASIOLOGY JI Aphasiology PD AUG PY 2003 VL 17 IS 8 BP 709 EP 721 DI 10.1080/02687030344000193 PG 13 WC Clinical Neurology SC Neurosciences & Neurology GA 706MM UT WOS:000184457500002 ER PT J AU Francis, DR Clark, N Humphreys, GW AF Francis, DR Clark, N Humphreys, GW TI The treatment of an auditory working memory deficit and the implications for sentence comprehension abilities in mild "receptive" aphasia SO APHASIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID SHORT-TERM-MEMORY; CAPACITY THEORY; SYNTACTIC COMPREHENSION; INDIVIDUAL-DIFFERENCES; PROCESSING DEFICITS; NONWORD REPETITION; CONDUCTION APHASIA; THERAPY; DISORDERS; ALEXIA AB Background: Theoretical studies have shown that some deficits in verbal short-term/working memory can impact comprehension abilities. Clinicians often suspect that their clients are failing to understand speech because they cannot remember what has been said. Yet there are no reports of how to treat such a problem. Aims: To see if improving the short-term/working memory abilities of a person with aphasia would improve her comprehension at the sentence level. In addition, we sought to explore the issues involved in carrying out research-based therapy in a clinical environment. Methods & Procedures: The memory and language impairments of a person with aphasia were assessed. The memory impairments were then targeted in therapy by requiring the repetition of gradually more demanding sentences. Comprehension itself was not practised at all during therapy. Outcome and Results: Certain aspects of short-term and working memory improved post-therapy, notably an increase in digit span and an ability to repeat more words in sentences. There was a limited generalisation of improvement to comprehension tasks, meaning that the client could understand longer sentences and required fewer repetitions. The existence of possible additional impairments was revealed post-therapy. Conclusions: If memory limitations are causing comprehension difficulty, therapy may need to take the focus away from language and on to short-term/working memory. However, improvement may be limited. In addition, we suggest that within the context of a clinical setting, a reasonable balance between research and therapy can be struck (albeit with some difficulty) if compromises are made. C1 Univ Birmingham, Sch Psychol, Behav Brain Sci Ctr, Birmingham B15 2TT, W Midlands, England. S Birmingham Primary Care Trust, Moseley Hall Hosp, Birmingham, W Midlands, England. RP Francis, DR (reprint author), Univ Birmingham, Sch Psychol, Behav Brain Sci Ctr, Birmingham B15 2TT, W Midlands, England. CR Baddeley A., 1987, ATTENTION PERFORMANC, VXII BADDELEY AD, 1966, Q J EXP PSYCHOL, V18, P362, DOI 10.1080/14640746608400055 Baddeley A. D., 1986, WORKING MEMORY Baddeley A. D., 1976, PSYCHOL MEMORY BADDELEY AD, 1975, J VERB LEARN VERB BE, V14, P575, DOI 10.1016/S0022-5371(75)80045-4 BADDELEY A, 1981, Q J EXP PSYCHOL-A, V33, P439 Baddeley AD, 1974, PSYCHOL LEARNING MOT, V8 BADDELEY A, 1988, J MEM LANG, V27, P479, DOI 10.1016/0749-596X(88)90021-6 BADDELEY AD, 1970, J VERB LEARN VERB BE, V9, P176, DOI 10.1016/S0022-5371(70)80048-2 BADDELEY AD, 1978, PROCESSING VISIBLE L, V1 VALLAR G, 1984, J VERB LEARN VERB BE, V23, P151, DOI 10.1016/S0022-5371(84)90104-X Bates E, 1999, BEHAV BRAIN SCI, V22, P96, DOI 10.1017/S0140525X99241787 Beeson PM, 1998, J INT NEUROPSYCH SOC, V4, P621 Bell M, 2001, ARCH GEN PSYCHIAT, V58, P763, DOI 10.1001/archpsyc.58.8.763 Berndt RS, 1997, BRAIN LANG, V60, P197, DOI 10.1006/brln.1997.1799 Bishop D. V. M., 1989, TEST RECEPTION GRAMM BLACKWELL A, 1995, J COGNITIVE NEUROSCI, V7, P228, DOI 10.1162/jocn.1995.7.2.228 BUTTERWORTH B, 1986, Q J EXP PSYCHOL-A, V38, P705 BYNG S, 1988, COGNITIVE NEUROPSYCH, V5, P629, DOI 10.1080/02643298808253277 BYNG S, 1994, APHASIOLOGY, V8, P315, DOI 10.1080/02687039408248663 Byng S., 1999, REVERSIBLE SENTENCE Caplan D, 1999, BEHAV BRAIN SCI, V22, P77 CAPLAN D, 1995, COGNITIVE NEUROPSYCH, V12, P637, DOI 10.1080/02643299508252011 CARAMAZZA A, 1993, NEUROPSYCHOL REHABIL, V3, P217, DOI 10.1080/09602019308401437 CARAMAZZA A, 1981, BRAIN LANG, V14, P235, DOI 10.1016/0093-934X(81)90078-X CARAMAZZA A, 1989, COGNITIVE APPROACHES Caspari I, 1998, BRAIN COGNITION, V37, P205, DOI 10.1006/brcg.1997.0970 Clark H. H., 1977, PSYCHOL LANGUAGE INT CONRAD R, 1964, BRIT J PSYCHOL, V55, P429 DANEMAN M, 1980, J VERB LEARN VERB BE, V19, P450, DOI 10.1016/S0022-5371(80)90312-6 deJonge P, 1996, PERS INDIV DIFFER, V21, P1007, DOI 10.1016/S0191-8869(96)00161-4 Dick F, 2001, PSYCHOL REV, V108, P759, DOI 10.1037//0033-295X.108.4.759 Engle R. W., 1999, MODELS WORKING MEMOR Freedman ML, 2001, COGNITIVE NEUROPSYCH, V18, P193, DOI 10.1080/02643290126002 FRIEDRICH FJ, 1985, COGNITIVE NEUROPSYCH, V2, P385, DOI 10.1080/02643298508252667 Gathercole S. E., 1993, WORKING MEMORY LANGU GATHERCOLE SE, 1995, MEM COGNITION, V23, P83, DOI 10.3758/BF03210559 Gathercole SE, 1995, COGNITIVE NEUROPSYCH, V12, P857, DOI 10.1080/02643299508251405 Golding E, 1989, MIDDLESEX ELDERLY AS GOODGLAS.H, 1970, J SPEECH HEAR RES, V13, P595 Gordon JK, 1997, APHASIOLOGY, V11, P845, DOI 10.1080/02687039708250460 GORDON WP, 1983, NEUROPSYCHOLOGIA, V21, P325, DOI 10.1016/0028-3932(83)90019-2 Helm-Estabrooks N, 2000, BRAIN LANG, V74, P469 Helm-Estabrooks N., 1998, APPROACHES TREATMENT HESKETH A, 1986, BRIT J DISORD COMMUN, V21, P47 HOWARD D, 1989, COGN NEUROPSYCHOL, V6, P455, DOI 10.1080/02643298908253425 HOWARD D, 1993, ATTENTION PERFORM, V14, P425 Just MA, 1996, PSYCHOL REV, V103, P773, DOI 10.1037//0033-295X.103.4.773 JUST MA, 1992, PSYCHOL REV, V99, P122, DOI 10.1037/0033-295X.99.1.122 JUST MA, 1982, J EXP PSYCHOL GEN, V111, P228, DOI 10.1037/0096-3445.111.2.228 Kail R, 2001, MEM COGNITION, V29, P1, DOI 10.3758/BF03195735 Kaplan E, 1983, BOSTON NAMING TEST Kay J., 1992, PALPA PSYCHOLINGUIST KOHN SE, 1990, BRIT J DISORD COMMUN, V25, P45 MARSHALL J, 1996, APHASIOLOGY, V110, P197 MARTIN RC, 1990, BRAIN LANG, V38, P1, DOI 10.1016/0093-934X(90)90099-3 MARTIN RC, 1995, COGNITIVE NEUROPSYCH, V12, P623, DOI 10.1080/02643299508252010 MARTIN RC, 1987, BRAIN LANG, V32, P159, DOI 10.1016/0093-934X(87)90122-2 MARTIN RC, 1995, Q J EXP PSYCHOL-A, V48, P536 Mayer JF, 2002, APHASIOLOGY, V16, P727, DOI 10.1080/02687030143000870 MCCARTHY RA, 1987, BRAIN, V110, P1565, DOI 10.1093/brain/110.6.1565 MCCARTHY RA, 1987, BRAIN, V110, P1545, DOI 10.1093/brain/110.6.1545 McNeil M. R., 1978, REVISED TOKEN TEST MIYAKE A, 1995, COGNITIVE NEUROPSYCH, V12, P651, DOI 10.1080/02643299508252012 MIYAKE A, 1994, COGNITIVE NEUROPSYCH, V11, P671, DOI 10.1080/02643299408251989 MOODY S, 1988, CORTEX, V24, P473 MOYER SB, 1979, CORTEX, V15, P139 Murray LL, 1999, APHASIOLOGY, V13, P91, DOI 10.1080/026870399402226 Murray LL, 1997, APHASIOLOGY, V11, P993, DOI 10.1080/02687039708249423 Murray LL, 1997, J SPEECH LANG HEAR R, V40, P792 NICKELS L, 1991, BRIT J DISORD COMMUN, V26, P175 Riddoch M.J., 1994, COGNITIVE NEUROPSYCH SAFFRAN EM, 1975, BRAIN LANG, V2, P420, DOI 10.1016/S0093-934X(75)80081-2 SALAME P, 1982, J VERB LEARN VERB BE, V21, P150, DOI 10.1016/S0022-5371(82)90521-7 SHALLICE T, 1982, PHILOS T ROY SOC B, V298, P199, DOI 10.1098/rstb.1982.0082 Sohlberg M, 1986, ATTENTION PROCESS TR Sohlberg MM, 2000, J CLIN EXP NEUROPSYC, V22, P656 STEVENS ER, 1989, ACQUIRED APRAXIA SPE TUOMAINEN J, 1991, APHASIOLOGY, V5, P401, DOI 10.1080/02687039108248542 TURNER ML, 1989, J MEM LANG, V28, P127, DOI 10.1016/0749-596X(89)90040-5 VALLAR G, 1984, COGNITIVE NEUROPSYCH, V1, P121, DOI 10.1080/02643298408252018 VALLAR G, 1987, COGNITIVE NEUROPSYCH, V4, P417, DOI 10.1080/02643298708252046 VALLAR G, 1989, COGNITIVE NEUROPSYCH, V6, P465, DOI 10.1080/02643298908253426 Warrington E., 1984, RECOGNITION MEMORY T WATERS G, 1991, COGNITIVE NEUROPSYCH, V8, P81, DOI 10.1080/02643299108253368 WATERS GS, 1995, COGNITIVE NEUROPSYCH, V12, P1, DOI 10.1080/02643299508251990 Waters GS, 1996, PSYCHOL REV, V103, P761, DOI 10.1037/0033-295X.103.4.761 Waters GS, 1997, BRAIN LANG, V60, P64 WILSON BA, 1993, CORTEX, V29, P153 NR 89 TC 18 Z9 19 PU PSYCHOLOGY PRESS PI HOVE PA 27 CHURCH RD, HOVE BN3 2FA, EAST SUSSEX, ENGLAND SN 0268-7038 J9 APHASIOLOGY JI Aphasiology PD AUG PY 2003 VL 17 IS 8 BP 723 EP 750 DI 10.1080/02687030344000201 PG 28 WC Clinical Neurology SC Neurosciences & Neurology GA 706MM UT WOS:000184457500003 ER PT J AU Simmons-Mackie, N Schultz, M AF Simmons-Mackie, N Schultz, M TI The role of humour in therapy for aphasia SO APHASIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID LAUGHTER AB Background & Aims: A diverse literature exists touting the positive effects of humour on mental and physical health. While speech-language pathologists frequently use humour in therapeutic interactions, the role of humour in therapy for individuals with communication disorders is not clear. Therefore, this study was undertaken to describe humour in therapy for aphasia and to analyse the functions of humour in therapy. Such information will contribute to developing effective and efficient therapy and to training student clinicians. Methods & Procedures: Qualitative methods employed by ethnographers of communication were used to study humour in aphasia therapy. Descriptive data were drawn from videotapes of eight individual aphasia therapy sessions and from interviews with therapy participants. Instances of humour on videotapes were identified, and patterns of humour occurrence were analysed using methodology adapted from Hymes (1966) and Spradley (1980). Findings of the analysis were verified via ethnographic interviews with therapists and re-cycling through videotapes to confirm or refute findings. The result was a detailed description of the modalities, content, occurrence pattern, and functions of humour within the analysed sessions. Outcomes & Results: Humour was used in the sessions in order to manage the interpersonal interaction between therapist and client and to lubricate the therapy process. Overall, humour was a "helpful" tool that served to build solidarity, to mitigate embarrassment, and to solicit cooperation with tasks. However, there was an asymmetry to humour occurrence, with therapists doing most of the "joking". Conclusions: The results suggest that humour is not a frivolous endeavour, but a tool to aid in managing therapy interactions; thus, natural humour within sessions is not only acceptable, but also important. In addition, the possibility of encouraging greater "humour equality" between therapists and clients should be considered. For example, clinicians might consider encouraging clients to feel comfortable initiating humour in sessions as a method of expanding social communication and building communicative confidence. C1 SE Louisiana Univ, Hammond, LA 70402 USA. RP Simmons-Mackie, N (reprint author), 59020 Highway 433, Slidell, LA 70460 USA. CR Agar M., 1986, SPEAKING ETHNOGRAPHY Atkinson Maxwell, 1984, STRUCTURES SOCIAL AC BACH K, 1979, LINGUISTIC COMMUNICA, P42 Berger A.A., 1993, ANATOMY HUMOR BUCKMAN ES, 1994, HDB HUMOR CLIN APPL, P1 COSER RL, 1960, PSYCHIATR, V23, P81 Cousins N., 1979, ANATOMY ILLNESS PERC DANA RS, 1994, HDB HUMOR CLIN APPL, P41 Davis G. A., 1993, SURVEY ADULT APHASIA Du Pre A., 1998, HUMOR HEALING ARTS Duffy J. R., 2001, LANGUAGE INTERVENTIO, P341 EMERSON JP, 1973, PEOPLE PLACES SOCIOL, P269 Glenn P. J., 1987, COMMUNICATION Q, V35, P48 Glenn Phillip, 1989, W J SPEECH COMMUNICA, V53, P127 Glenn P.J., 1991, RES LANG SOC INTERAC, V25, P139 Goffman E, 1974, FRAME ANAL ESSAY ORG Goffman Ervin, 1967, INTERACTION RITUAL GOODWIN C, 1996, INTERACTION GRAMMAR, P37 Gumperz J., 1982, DISCOURSE STRATEGIES Hymes D., 1966, AM ANTHROPOL, V66, P12 Jefferson G., 1985, HDB DISCOURSE ANAL, VIII, P25 Jefferson G, 1987, TALK SOCIAL ORG, P152 Jefferson G, 1984, STRUCTURES SOCIAL AC, P346 Jefferson Gail, 1979, EVERYDAY LANGUAGE ST, P79 Kovarsky D, 1999, CONSTRUCTING (IN) COMPETENCE, P291 LAPOINTE L, 1985, COGNITIVE REHABILITA, V6, P22 LAPOINTE L, 1991, CLIN APHASIOLOGY, V20, P53 MARSHALL RC, 1994, LANGUAGE INTERVENTIO, P389 Norris MR, 1998, J NEUROLINGUIST, V11, P391, DOI 10.1016/S0911-6044(98)00026-8 O'Donnell-Trujillo N., 1983, W J SPEECH COMMUNICA, V47, P175 POTTER RE, 1983, J COMMUN DISORD, V16, P41, DOI 10.1016/0021-9924(83)90025-4 SACKS H, 1974, LANGUAGE, V50, P696, DOI 10.2307/412243 Sacks H., 1974, EXPLORATIONS ETHNOGR, P337 Schegloff E.A., 1987, TALK SOCIAL ORG Schenkein JN, 1972, SEMIOTICA, V6, P344, DOI 10.1515/semi.1972.6.4.344 SIMMONSMACKIE N, IN PRESS CHALLENGING Simmons-Mackie N, 1999, CONSTRUCTING (IN) COMPETENCE, P313 Simmons-Mackie N, 1999, APHASIOLOGY, V13, P681 Simmons-Mackie N, 1999, AM J SPEECH-LANG PAT, V8, P218 Spradley J., 1980, PARTICIPANT OBSERVAT Spradley J., 1979, ETHNOGRAPHIC INTERVI Tennant K F, 1990, J Gerontol Nurs, V16, P11 WESTBY C., 1990, J CHILDHOOD COMMUNIC, V13, P101 WILLIAMS SE, 1996, ADULT APHASIA REHABI, P303 WOOTEN P, 1996, COMPASSIONATE LAUGHT WOOTEN P, 1993, PULMONARY REHABILITA NR 46 TC 15 Z9 18 PU PSYCHOLOGY PRESS PI HOVE PA 27 CHURCH RD, HOVE BN3 2FA, EAST SUSSEX, ENGLAND SN 0268-7038 J9 APHASIOLOGY JI Aphasiology PD AUG PY 2003 VL 17 IS 8 BP 751 EP 766 DI 10.1080/02687030344000229 PG 16 WC Clinical Neurology SC Neurosciences & Neurology GA 706MM UT WOS:000184457500004 ER PT J AU Jackson-Waite, K Robson, J Pring, T AF Jackson-Waite, K Robson, J Pring, T TI Written communication using a Lightwriter in undifferentiated jargon aphasia: A single case study SO APHASIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID THERAPY; COMPREHENSION; PATIENT; DYSGRAPHIA AB Background: The difficulties of language rehabilitation in jargon aphasia are well known. The presence of fluent, empty, often neologistic speech makes these clients largely unintelligible, and lack of awareness of their language problems often makes them resistant to therapy. In some clients, writing, although impaired, differs from speech. Neologisms do not occur and output is monitored. Studies have shown that these residual writing skills can respond to therapy, and act as an alternative form of communication. Client: MA has undifferentiated jargon aphasia. Her spoken output had not responded to treatment, and therapy had failed to establish a nonverbal mode of communication. Her writing was impaired, and its slow and effortful execution hindered her progress. However, she retained some ability to access written words and was aware of her errors. Aims: Therapy aimed to improve access to written words, and to facilitate writing by using a Lightwriter. Methods & Procedures: Three stages of therapy were conducted. Words selected by MA for their usefulness were treated. In stage 1 solving anagrams, copying, delayed copying, and written naming were used to improve access to their orthographies. Written naming improved but only to the pictures used in therapy. In stages 2 and 3 further words were introduced, and steps taken to encourage generalisation. In stage 2 several different pictures of each item were used to overcome the picture-specific effect. In stage 3 written words were used to describe situations and answer questions in order to encourage their use in communication. Outcomes & Results: MA improved significantly in writing treated words, and her rate of acquisition accelerated as therapy progressed. Performance was largely maintained after periods without treatment or exposure to the treated items. MA made progress in using her written vocabulary to answer questions in therapy, but needed prompting to use the Lightwriter rather than speech and rarely made functional use of it outside the clinic setting. Conclusion: MA's progress demonstrates the potential for treating writing in jargon aphasia. Her progress in accessing word orthographies allowed her to use the Lightwriter for communication. Her inability to use writing spontaneously suggests that further therapy is needed and that it should include a regular partner to encourage functional use. C1 Northampton Gen Hosp, Northampton NN1 5BD, England. City Univ London, London EC1V 0HB, England. RP Jackson-Waite, K (reprint author), Northampton Gen Hosp, Billing Rd, Northampton NN1 5BD, England. CR ASSAL G, 1981, BRAIN LANG, V13, P223, DOI 10.1016/0093-934X(81)90092-4 Beeson PM, 2002, APHASIOLOGY, V16, P473, DOI 10.1080/02687030244000167 Beeson PM, 1999, APHASIOLOGY, V13, P767, DOI 10.1080/026870399401867 BISHOP D, 1988, TEST RECEPTION GRAMM BUB D, 1982, BRAIN, V105, P697, DOI 10.1093/brain/105.4.697 BUTTERWORTH B, 1985, CURRENT PERSPECTIVES CAPPA SF, 1987, NEUROPSYCHOLOGIA, V25, P281, DOI 10.1016/0028-3932(87)90139-4 CARAMAZZA A, 1990, CORTEX, V26, P95 Geschwind N., 1969, CONTRIBUTIONS CLIN N Graham NL, 2001, COGNITIVE NEUROPSYCH, V18, P343, DOI 10.1080/02643290125983 Grayson E, 1997, EUR J DISORDER COMM, V32, P257 HIER DB, 1977, BRAIN LANG, V4, P115, DOI 10.1016/0093-934X(77)90010-4 Hough Monica Strauss, 1993, Journal of Communication Disorders, V26, P101, DOI 10.1016/0021-9924(93)90003-S Howard D., 1992, PYRAMIDS PALM TREES KAY J, 1992, PSYCHOLINGUSITIC ASS Kertesz A, 1970, Cortex, V6, P362 KINSBOURNE M, 1963, NEUROPSYCHOLOGIA, V1, P27, DOI 10.1016/0028-3932(63)90010-1 KOTTEN A, 1982, BRIT J DISORD COMMUN, V17, P61 LEBRUN Y, 1987, CORTEX, V23, P251 Luria AR, 1970, TRAUMATIC APHASIA MAHER LM, 1994, BRAIN LANG, V46, P402, DOI 10.1006/brln.1994.1022 Marshall J, 1998, BRAIN LANG, V63, P79, DOI 10.1006/brln.1997.1936 Mortley J, 2001, APHASIOLOGY, V15, P443, DOI 10.1080/02687040042000188 PANZERI M, 1987, NEUROPSYCHOLOGIA, V25, P919, DOI 10.1016/0028-3932(87)90096-0 Patterson K. E., 1987, COGNITIVE NEUROPSYCH PEUSER G, 1981, JARGONAPHASIA Rapp B, 2002, APHASIOLOGY, V16, P439, DOI 10.1080/02687030244000301 Rapp B, 1997, BRAIN LANG, V56, P248, DOI 10.1006/brln.1997.1735 Rapp B, 1997, COGNITIVE NEUROPSYCH, V14, P71 Robson J, 2001, INT J LANG COMM DIS, V36, P471, DOI 10.1080/13682820110089371 Robson J, 1998, INT J LANG COMM DIS, V33, P305, DOI 10.1080/136828298247767 SCHONAUER K, 1994, BRAIN LANG, V47, P279, DOI 10.1006/brln.1994.1053 Shelton JR, 1997, COGNITIVE NEUROPSYCH, V14, P105 SIMMONS NN, 1992, APHASIOLOGY, V6, P403, DOI 10.1080/02687039208248611 NR 34 TC 2 Z9 2 PU PSYCHOLOGY PRESS PI HOVE PA 27 CHURCH RD, HOVE BN3 2FA, EAST SUSSEX, ENGLAND SN 0268-7038 J9 APHASIOLOGY JI Aphasiology PD AUG PY 2003 VL 17 IS 8 BP 767 EP 780 DI 10.1080/02687030344000012 PG 14 WC Clinical Neurology SC Neurosciences & Neurology GA 706MM UT WOS:000184457500005 ER PT J AU Tainturier, MJ Rapp, B AF Tainturier, MJ Rapp, B TI Is a single graphemic buffer used in reading and spelling? SO APHASIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID ACQUIRED DYSGRAPHIA; PHONOLOGICAL DYSLEXIA; SELECTIVE IMPAIRMENT; REPRESENTATIONS; DEFICIT; INFORMATION; MECHANISMS; LEXICON; DISSOCIATIONS; ARCHITECTURE AB Background: The graphemic buffer was originally conceived as a component dedicated to the temporary storage of abstract orthographic representations prior to their format-specific expression in spelling (Caramazza, Miceli, Villa, & Romani, 1987). Since then, it has been argued that the graphemic buffer is also involved in reading (Caramazza, Capasso, & Miceli, 1996). Aims: The goal of this study was to test the hypothesis that a single graphemic buffer is used in reading and spelling. In addition, we examined the hypothesis that, under normal reading circumstances, words and pseudowords place different demands on the graphemic buffer because of differences in the degree to which they can be processed globally. Methods & Procedures: We performed detailed analyses of the reading and spelling performance of MC who presented with dyslexia (restricted to pseudowords) and dysgraphia following resection of a left parietal lobe tumour. Additionally, we compared the effect of presentation format (standard print, mirror reversed, and orally spelled stimuli) on word and pseudoword naming. Outcomes & Results: First, MC's spelling impairment showed all the characteristics of a graphemic buffer deficit. Second, MC's spelling of words and pseudowords as well as his reading of pseudowords were remarkably similar, both quantitatively and qualitatively (quasi-identical distribution of errors, length effect, and error position curves). Third, MC's reading of words (but not pseudowords) was disrupted under conditions that interfered with global (i.e., whole-word) processing. Conclusions: This study supports the claim that a single graphemic buffer is used in reading and spelling. It also suggests that reading nonwords places greater demands on the graphemic buffer than reading words. C1 Univ Wales, Sch Psychol, Bangor LL57 2AS, Gwynedd, Wales. Johns Hopkins Univ, Baltimore, MD 21218 USA. RP Tainturier, MJ (reprint author), Univ Wales, Sch Psychol, Bangor LL57 2AS, Gwynedd, Wales. CR ALLPORT DA, 1981, PHILOS T ROY SOC B, V295, P397, DOI 10.1098/rstb.1981.0148 Annoni JM, 1998, BRAIN LANG, V63, P64, DOI 10.1006/brln.1997.1934 Ans B, 1998, PSYCHOL REV, V105, P678, DOI 10.1037/0033-295X.105.4.678-723 BADECKER W, 1990, COGNITION, V35, P205, DOI 10.1016/0010-0277(90)90023-D BEAUVOIS MF, 1979, J NEUROL NEUROSUR PS, V42, P1115, DOI 10.1136/jnnp.42.12.1115 BEAUVOIS MF, 1981, BRAIN, V104, P21, DOI 10.1093/brain/104.1.21 BEHRMANN M, 1992, COGNITIVE NEUROPSYCH, V9, P209, DOI 10.1080/02643299208252059 Berndt RS, 1996, COGNITIVE NEUROPSYCH, V13, P763, DOI 10.1080/026432996381809 Blanken G, 1999, J NEUROLINGUIST, V12, P13, DOI 10.1016/S0911-6044(99)00002-0 BROWN DA, 1994, HDB SPELLING THEORY CARAMAZZA A, 1988, ANNU REV NEUROSCI, V11, P395, DOI 10.1146/annurev.neuro.11.1.395 CARAMAZZA A, 1990, COGNITIVE NEUROPSYCH, V7, P391, DOI 10.1080/02643299008253450 CARAMAZZA A, 1987, COGNITION, V26, P59, DOI 10.1016/0010-0277(87)90014-X CARAMAZZA A, 1985, COGNITIVE NEUROPSYCH, V2, P81, DOI 10.1080/02643298508252862 CARAMAZZA A, 1990, COGNITION, V37, P243, DOI 10.1016/0010-0277(90)90047-N Caramazza A, 1996, COGNITIVE NEUROPSYCH, V13, P673, DOI 10.1080/026432996381881 Coltheart M, 1996, COGNITIVE NEUROPSYCH, V13, P749 Coltheart M, 2001, PSYCHOL REV, V108, P204, DOI 10.1037//0033-295X.108.1.204 CUBELLI R, 1991, NATURE, V353, P258, DOI 10.1038/353258a0 DEPARTZ MP, 1995, NEUROPSYCHOL REHABIL, V5, P129, DOI 10.1080/09602019508520178 Ellis A. W., 1982, NORMALITY PATHOLOGY Ellis A. W., 1993, READING WRITING DYSL Farah MJ, 1996, COGNITIVE NEUROPSYCH, V13, P849, DOI 10.1080/026432996381836 Ferrand L, 2000, PSYCHON B REV, V7, P142, DOI 10.3758/BF03210733 Folk JR, 2002, COGN NEUROPSYCHOL, V19, P653, DOI 10.1080/02643290244000184 Funnell E., 1987, LANGUAGE PERCEPTION GOODMAN RA, 1987, J HOPKINS U DYSGRAPH Graham NL, 2000, NEUROPSYCHOLOGIA, V38, P143, DOI 10.1016/S0028-3932(99)00060-3 Hanley JR, 1998, COGNITIVE NEUROPSYCH, V15, P313 HILLIS AE, 1991, BRAIN LANG, V40, P106, DOI 10.1016/0093-934X(91)90119-L HILLIS AE, 1995, BRAIN LANG, V48, P263, DOI 10.1006/brln.1995.1012 Holmes VM, 2002, LANG COGNITIVE PROC, V17, P345, DOI 10.1080/01690960143000263 Houghton G., 1994, HDB SPELLING THEORY Houghton G, 2003, COGN NEUROPSYCHOL, V20, P115, DOI 10.1080/02643290242000871 Jonsdottir MK, 1996, COGNITION, V59, P169, DOI 10.1016/0010-0277(95)00693-1 KATZ RB, 1991, CORTEX, V27, P111 KAY J, 1994, HDB SPELLING MARGOLIN DI, 1984, Q J EXP PSYCHOL-A, V36, P459 MCCLOSKEY M, 1994, COGNITIVE NEUROPSYCH, V11, P341, DOI 10.1080/02643299408251979 MICELI G, 1995, CORTEX, V31, P161 Miceli G, 1997, CORTEX, V33, P355, DOI 10.1016/S0010-9452(08)70011-X PATTERSON K, 1986, COGNITIVE NEUROPSYCH, V3, P341, DOI 10.1080/02643298608253363 PICCIRILLI M, 1992, ITAL J NEUROL SCI, V13, P113, DOI 10.1007/BF02226958 Plaut DC, 1996, PSYCHOL REV, V103, P56, DOI 10.1037/0033-295X.103.1.56 POSTERARO L, 1988, BRAIN LANG, V35, P274, DOI 10.1016/0093-934X(88)90112-5 Rapp B, 2002, COGN NEUROPSYCHOL, V19, P1, DOI 10.1080/0264329014300060 Rapp B., 2001, HDB COGNITIVE NEUROP ROELTGEN DP, 1986, BRAIN LANG, V27, P257, DOI 10.1016/0093-934X(86)90020-9 Schiller NO, 2001, NEUROCASE, V7, P1 Tainturier M. J., 2001, HDB COGNITIVE NEUROP TAINTURIER MJ, 1994, BRAIN LANG, V47, P433 Tainturier MJ, 1996, J MEM LANG, V35, P53, DOI 10.1006/jmla.1996.0003 VanOrden GC, 1997, COGN NEUROPSYCHOL, V14, P131 Wechsler D, 1987, MANUAL WECHSLER MEMO ZINGESER LB, 1988, COGNITIVE NEUROPSYCH, V5, P473, DOI 10.1080/02643298808253270 NR 55 TC 17 Z9 17 PU PSYCHOLOGY PRESS PI HOVE PA 27 CHURCH RD, HOVE BN3 2FA, EAST SUSSEX, ENGLAND SN 0268-7038 J9 APHASIOLOGY JI Aphasiology PD JUN-JUL PY 2003 VL 17 IS 6-7 BP 537 EP 562 DI 10.1080/02687030344000021 PG 26 WC Clinical Neurology SC Neurosciences & Neurology GA 690VB UT WOS:000183570200002 ER PT J AU Weekes, B Davies, R Parris, B Robinson, G AF Weekes, B Davies, R Parris, B Robinson, G TI Age of acquisition effects on spelling in surface dysgraphia SO APHASIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID COGNITIVE-NEUROPSYCHOLOGICAL ANALYSIS; PRIMARY PROGRESSIVE APHASIA; SEMANTIC DEMENTIA; WORD-FREQUENCY; ALZHEIMERS-DISEASE; VANDERWART PICTURES; ACQUIRED DYSGRAPHIA; NAMING LATENCY; NAME AGREEMENT; OBJECT NAMES AB Background: It is not known whether the age of acquisition (AoA) of a word has any significant effect on the spelling performance of normal or impaired speakers. One way to explore this question is to examine the effects of AoA on surface dysgraphia. Aims: We report MK, a patient who suffered herpes simplex viral encephalitis (HSVE) resulting in semantic anomia and surface dysgraphia that we characterise as a tendency to produce a legitimate alternative spelling of a component defined as a LASC error. Methods & Procedures: We describe MK's neuropsychological profile, giving details of impaired naming, spoken and written word comprehension, written picture naming, oral reading, and spelling to dictation, but preserved repetition of whole words. We report experiments designed (1) to test the effect of AoA on spelling by controlling for word frequency as well as other correlated variables using logistic regression and ANOVA, and (2) to test the effects of AoA and sound to spelling predictability on MK's spelling. Outcomes and Results: The results show an effect of AoA but no independent effect of frequency on spelling and an interaction between AoA and predictability, i.e., an effect of AoA on unpredictable word spelling but no effect of AoA on predictable word spelling. Conclusions: We discuss these data with reference to accounts of AoA that locate the effect at the level of mappings between input (phonological) and output (orthographic) representations. We argue that the effect of AoA on spelling is not the result of lexeme activation per se but instead reflects the largely unpredictable mappings between sound and spelling that characterise the majority of English word spellings. C1 Univ Sussex, Sch Biol Sci, Dept Expt Psychol, Brighton BN1 9QG, E Sussex, England. UCL Natl Hosp Neurol & Neurosurg, London WC1N 3BG, England. RP Weekes, B (reprint author), Univ Sussex, Sch Biol Sci, Dept Expt Psychol, Brighton BN1 9QG, E Sussex, England. EM bsw@biols.susx.ac.uk RI Weekes, Brendan/E-9897-2010; Parris, Benjamin /G-6385-2013 OI Parris, Benjamin /0000-0003-2402-2100 CR BARRY C, 1988, Q J EXP PSYCHOL-A, V40, P5 Barry C, 2001, J MEM LANG, V44, P350, DOI 10.1006/jmla.2000.2743 Barry C, 1997, Q J EXP PSYCHOL-A, V50, P560, DOI 10.1080/027249897392026 BAXTER DM, 1987, CORTEX, V23, P11 BEAUVOIS MF, 1981, BRAIN, V104, P21, DOI 10.1093/brain/104.1.21 BEHRMANN M, 1987, COGN NEUROPSYCHOL, V4, P365, DOI 10.1080/02643298708252044 Bell BD, 2000, NEUROPSYCHOLOGIA, V38, P83, DOI 10.1016/S0028-3932(99)00047-0 Bonin P, 2001, Q J EXP PSYCHOL-A, V54, P469, DOI 10.1080/02724980042000219 Bosman A. M. T., 1997, LEARNING SPELL RES T, P173 BREEDIN SD, 1994, COGNITIVE NEUROPSYCH, V11, P617, DOI 10.1080/02643299408251987 BROWN GDA, 1987, MEM COGNITION, V15, P208, DOI 10.3758/BF03197718 Brysbaert M, 1996, EUR J COGN PSYCHOL, V8, P185, DOI 10.1080/095414496383149 COLTHEART V, 1988, BRIT J PSYCHOL, V79, P1 DeBleser R, 1996, BRAIN LANG, V55, P76 DEPARTZ MP, 1992, COGNITIVE NEUROPSYCH, V9, P369, DOI 10.1080/02643299208252065 Ellis A. W., 1988, HUMAN COGNITIVE NEUR Ellis A. W., 1982, NORMALITY PATHOLOGY, P113 Ellis AW, 1998, J EXP PSYCHOL LEARN, V24, P515, DOI 10.1037//0278-7393.24.2.515 Ellis AW, 2000, J EXP PSYCHOL LEARN, V26, P1103, DOI 10.1037/0278-7393.26.5.1103 FEYEREISEN P, 1988, NEUROPSYCHOLOGIA, V26, P401, DOI 10.1016/0028-3932(88)90094-2 Gerhand S, 1998, J EXP PSYCHOL LEARN, V24, P267, DOI 10.1037/0278-7393.24.2.267 Gilhooly K. J., 1981, CURR PSYCHOL RES REV, V1, P251 Glosser G, 1999, NEUROPSYCHOLOGY, V13, P350, DOI 10.1037/0894-4105.13.3.350 Glosser G, 1999, NEUROPSYCHOLOGIA, V37, P807, DOI 10.1016/S0028-3932(98)00142-0 Graham NL, 2000, NEUROPSYCHOLOGIA, V38, P143, DOI 10.1016/S0028-3932(99)00060-3 Graham NL, 1997, COGN NEUROPSYCHOL, V14, P975 HATFIELD FM, 1983, Q J EXP PSYCHOL-A, V35, P451 HAUCK WW, 1977, J AM STAT ASSOC, V72, P851, DOI 10.2307/2286473 Hirsh KW, 1995, J NEUROLINGUIST, V9, P23, DOI 10.1016/0911-6044(95)00003-8 HIRSH KW, 1994, COGNITIVE NEUROPSYCH, V11, P435, DOI 10.1080/02643299408251981 HODGES JR, 1992, BRAIN, V115, P1783, DOI 10.1093/brain/115.6.1783 HODGES JR, 1995, MEMORY, V3, P463, DOI 10.1080/09658219508253161 Hodges J R, 1996, J Int Neuropsychol Soc, V2, P511 Hodgson C, 1998, BRAIN LANG, V64, P146, DOI 10.1006/brln.1998.1960 Hokkanen L, 1996, J NEUROL NEUROSUR PS, V61, P478, DOI 10.1136/jnnp.61.5.478 Hosmer Jr DW, 1989, APPL LOGISTIC REGRES HOWARD D, 1995, Q J EXP PSYCHOL-A, V48, P999 Howard D., 1992, PYRAMIDS PALM TREES Hughes JC, 1997, NEUROPSYCHOLOGIA, V35, P533, DOI 10.1016/S0028-3932(96)00102-9 KAWAMOTO AH, 1992, J MEM LANG, V31, P349, DOI 10.1016/0749-596X(92)90018-S KAY J, 1992, PSYCHOL ASSESSMENTS Kertesz A, 1998, J INT NEUROPSYCH SOC, V4, P388 KERTESZ A, 1997, NEUROLOGY, V48, P293 Kessler B, 2001, J MEM LANG, V44, P592, DOI 10.1006/jmla.2000.2745 Kucera H., 1967, COMPUTATIONAL ANAL P LACHMAN R, 1974, J VERB LEARN VERB BE, V13, P613, DOI 10.1016/S0022-5371(74)80049-6 MARSHALL JC, 1973, J PSYCHOLINGUIST RES, V2, P175, DOI 10.1007/BF01067101 Monaghan J, 2002, J EXP PSYCHOL LEARN, V28, P183, DOI 10.1037//0278.7393.28.1.183 Morrison CM, 1997, Q J EXP PSYCHOL-A, V50, P528 Nelson H. E., 1982, NELSON ADULT READING NICKELS L, 1995, NEUROPSYCHOLOGIA, V33, P1281, DOI 10.1016/0028-3932(95)00102-9 PARKIN AJ, 1993, BRAIN LANG, V44, P201, DOI 10.1006/brln.1993.1014 PATTERSON K, 1992, NEUROPSYCHOLOGIA, V30, P1025, DOI 10.1016/0028-3932(92)90096-5 Perry C, 2002, APPL PSYCHOLINGUIST, V23, P43, DOI 10.1017/S0142716402000036 Plaut DC, 1996, PSYCHOL REV, V103, P56, DOI 10.1037/0033-295X.103.1.56 Ralph MAL, 1998, NEUROPSYCHOLOGIA, V36, P775, DOI 10.1016/S0028-3932(97)00169-3 RAPCSAK SZ, 1989, ARCH NEUROL-CHICAGO, V46, P65 Rapp B, 2002, COGN NEUROPSYCHOL, V19, P1, DOI 10.1080/0264329014300060 Rapp B, 1997, COGNITIVE NEUROPSYCH, V14, P71 SASANUMA S, 1995, SPEECH READING COMP, P207 Schwarz M, 1998, BRAIN, V121, P115, DOI 10.1093/brain/121.1.115 SEIDENBERG MS, 1989, PSYCHOL REV, V96, P523, DOI 10.1037/0033-295X.96.4.523 Siegel S., 1956, NONPARAMETRIC STAT B Snodgrass JG, 1996, BEHAV RES METH INSTR, V28, P516, DOI 10.3758/BF03200540 SNODGRASS JG, 1980, J EXP PSYCHOL-HUM L, V6, P174, DOI 10.1037/0278-7393.6.2.174 VANORDEN GC, 1994, J EXP PSYCHOL HUMAN, V20, P1269, DOI 10.1037//0096-1523.20.6.1269 Weekes B, 1996, COGNITIVE NEUROPSYCH, V13, P277, DOI 10.1080/026432996382033 Weekes BS, 1997, APHASIOLOGY, V11, P813, DOI 10.1080/02687039708250457 WEEKES BS, 1994, APHASIOLOGY, V8, P409, DOI 10.1080/02687039408248667 Yamazaki M, 1997, BRIT J PSYCHOL, V88, P407 Ziegler JC, 1997, BEHAV RES METH INS C, V29, P600, DOI 10.3758/BF03210615 NR 71 TC 16 Z9 16 PU PSYCHOLOGY PRESS PI HOVE PA 27 CHURCH RD, HOVE BN3 2FA, EAST SUSSEX, ENGLAND SN 0268-7038 J9 APHASIOLOGY JI Aphasiology PD JUN-JUL PY 2003 VL 17 IS 6-7 BP 563 EP 584 DI 10.1080/02687030344000030 PG 22 WC Clinical Neurology SC Neurosciences & Neurology GA 690VB UT WOS:000183570200003 ER PT J AU Reich, S Chou, TL Patterson, K AF Reich, S Chou, TL Patterson, K TI Acquired dysgraphia in Chinese: Further evidence on the links between phonology and orthography SO APHASIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID VISUAL WORD RECOGNITION; IMPAIRMENT; DYSLEXIA; NEGLECT; KANA; JARGONAGRAPHIA; INFARCTION; CHARACTERS; APHASIA; ACCESS AB Background: How similar is the "architecture" of language function in different languages? In the domain of reading and writing, the relationship between orthographic and phonological units of the language differs dramatically between alphabetic and logographic writing systems. It is therefore appropriate to ask whether an architecture assumption, such as direct links between word pronunciations and their written forms, developed in the course of research on English and other alphabetic writing systems, applies to logographic Chinese. Aims: We describe a native Cantonese speaker, TUA, with an acquired dysgraphia following a right hemisphere stroke. The study was designed to identify the conditions under which TUA succeeded or failed to produce the correct orthographic form of words in his native language, and thereby to draw inferences about his impaired and intact writing procedures with further implications for normal writing. Methods & Procedures: Nine different single-word tests were administered to TUA, mainly of writing to dictation but also of written picture naming and other relevant skills. Almost all monosyllabic words in Cantonese are homophones and, in the majority of our tests, the target words were lower-frequency homophones, with the intended alternative disambiguated by a semantic cue. Outcomes & Results: TUA made few errors in writing high-frequency words to dictation, but had error rates as high as 60-70% on lower-frequency homophonic target words. The majority of his errors were homophones of, or at least closely phonologically related to, the target item. This deficit in writing to dictation co-existed with adequate ability to define the correct lower-frequency homophonic alternative, and with the unusual pattern of more correct responses in written picture naming than in writing to dictation of the same target items. Although TUA's poor performance in writing was accompanied by several nonlinguistic impairments (e.g., in visual memory, sequencing, and visuo-constructional ability), his dysgraphia had a predominantly linguistic nature and did not invite an account in terms of these additional cognitive impairments. Conclusions: We propose that TUA had a disrupted ability to activate lower-frequency orthographic representations, especially under conditions of response competition from a higher-frequency written word with the same pronunciation. This pattern is compatible with a proposal of direct activation of orthography by phonology, at least for higher-frequency words, in Chinese. C1 St Thomas Hosp, Elderly Care Unit, London SE1 7EH, England. MRC, Cognit & Brain Sci Unit, Cambridge, England. RP Reich, S (reprint author), St Thomas Hosp, Elderly Care Unit, London SE1 7EH, England. CR ALBERT ML, 1973, NEUROLOGY, V23, P658 Baayen R. H., 1995, CELEX LEXICAL DATABA BURGESS PW, 1997, BRIXTON SPATIAL ANTI Chua FK, 1999, J EXP PSYCHOL LEARN, V25, P876, DOI 10.1037//0278-7393.25.4.876 COLTHEART M, 1981, Q J EXP PSYCHOL-A, V33, P497 Cubelli R, 2000, BRAIN COGNITION, V44, P629, DOI 10.1006/brcg.2000.1239 Frost R, 1998, PSYCHOL BULL, V123, P71, DOI 10.1037//0033-2909.123.1.71 GAO J, 1993, XIANDAI HANZI XUE Goodman R. A., 1986, LANG COGNITIVE PROC, V1, P263, DOI 10.1080/01690968608404678 Graham NL, 2000, NEUROPSYCHOLOGIA, V38, P143, DOI 10.1016/S0028-3932(99)00060-3 HARTMAN DE, 1985, ARCH PHYS MED REHAB, V66, P182 Hashimoto R, 1998, BRAIN LANG, V63, P50, DOI 10.1006/brln.1997.1865 HECAEN H, 1974, HEMISPHERE FUNCTION HINDSON DA, 1984, NEUROLOGY, V34, P387 HU YH, 1990, BRAIN LANG, V39, P347 IHORI N, 1994, BRAIN LANG, V47, P197, DOI 10.1006/brln.1994.1049 LAW S, 1995, SPEECH READING, P141 Law SP, 2001, COGNITIVE NEUROPSYCH, V18, P729, DOI 10.1080/02643290143000024 LESCH MF, 1993, J EXP PSYCHOL LEARN, V19, P285, DOI 10.1037/0278-7393.19.2.285 Osterrieth PA, 1944, ARCH PSYCHOL-GENEVE, V30, P206 PATTERSON K, 1986, COGNITIVE NEUROPSYCH, V3, P341, DOI 10.1080/02643298608253363 Raven J.C., 1960, GUIDE STANDARD PROGR Romani C, 1999, Q J EXP PSYCHOL-A, V52, P97, DOI 10.1080/027249899391241 SCHENKENBERG T, 1980, NEUROLOGY, V30, P509 Seki K, 1998, BRAIN LANG, V63, P256, DOI 10.1006/brln.1997.1944 SNODGRASS JG, 1980, J EXP PSYCHOL-HUM L, V6, P174, DOI 10.1037/0278-7393.6.2.174 LUKATELA G, 1994, J EXP PSYCHOL GEN, V123, P331, DOI 10.1037/0096-3445.123.4.331 WARRINGTON E K, 1973, Cortex, V9, P152 Warrington E, 1996, TOPOGRAPHICAL RECOGN Weekes B, 1999, NEUROCASE, V5, P161 Weekes BS, 1997, NEUROCASE, V3, P51, DOI 10.1080/13554799708404034 Wu J.T., 1987, NSC750301H002024 TAI Xu YD, 1999, J EXP PSYCHOL LEARN, V25, P838, DOI 10.1037/0278-7393.25.4.838 Zhang SL, 1999, J EXP PSYCHOL LEARN, V25, P858, DOI 10.1037/0278-7393.25.4.858 Zhou XL, 1999, J EXP PSYCHOL LEARN, V25, P819, DOI 10.1037//0278-7393.25.4.819 NR 35 TC 10 Z9 10 PU PSYCHOLOGY PRESS PI HOVE PA 27 CHURCH RD, HOVE BN3 2FA, EAST SUSSEX, ENGLAND SN 0268-7038 J9 APHASIOLOGY JI Aphasiology PD JUN-JUL PY 2003 VL 17 IS 6-7 BP 585 EP 604 DI 10.1080/02687030344000049 PG 20 WC Clinical Neurology SC Neurosciences & Neurology GA 690VB UT WOS:000183570200004 ER PT J AU Raymer, AM Cudworth, C Haley, MA AF Raymer, AM Cudworth, C Haley, MA TI Spelling treatment for an individual with dysgraphia: Analysis of generalisation to untrained words SO APHASIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID ACQUIRED DYSGRAPHIA; REMEDIATION; DEFICITS AB Background: Despite the fact that spelling impairments are common following left hemisphere injury, only a limited number of studies have examined effects of treatments for acquired spelling disorders. In general, following spelling treatment, individuals with spelling impairments related to the orthographic output lexicon have demonstrated improvements restricted to trained words, whereas individuals with impairments of the graphemic buffer demonstrate spelling improvements for both trained and untrained items. Aims: This study was designed to examine patterns of spelling generalisation following treatment in an individual whose spelling impairment related to disruption affecting at least these two stages in the spelling process. Methods & Procedures: Assessment of spelling abilities in one gentleman, NM, with severe agraphia indicated impairment related to the orthographic output lexicon and graphemic buffer stages of spelling. In a single subject experimental treatment design, we employed a copy and recall treatment for two sets of words trained sequentially, and examined generalisation of training improvements to untrained words with similar beginning or ending spellings and nonwords. Outcomes & Results: NM improved spelling of two sets of trained words. He also demonstrated generalised improvements in spelling some untrained whole words. Generalisation was greater for parts of untrained words that were similar in spelling to trained words, and was also greater for the beginnings compared to the endings of words. Conclusions: We contend that the pattern of spelling generalisation observed in NM implicates improvements affecting two stages of spelling. Greater improvements when spelling beginning or ending parts of untrained words with similar spellings to trained words implicates changes mediated by the orthographic output lexicon. Improvements for some untrained words and an advantage to beginning over ending spellings suggests strengthening of the graphemic buffer. These spelling improvements also led to a functional impact on NM's use of spelling in daily activities. C1 Old Dominion Univ, Child Study Ctr 110, Norfolk, VA 23529 USA. RP Raymer, AM (reprint author), Old Dominion Univ, Child Study Ctr 110, 45th St & Hampton Blvd, Norfolk, VA 23529 USA. CR ALIMINOSA D, 1993, APHASIOLOGY, V7, P55, DOI 10.1080/02687039308249499 Beeson P. B., 2001, LANGUAGE INTERVENTIO, P572 Beeson P. M., 1999, APHASIOLOGY, V13, P367 Beeson PM, 2002, APHASIOLOGY, V16, P473, DOI 10.1080/02687030244000167 BERNDT RS, 1987, BEHAV RES METH INSTR, V19, P1, DOI 10.3758/BF03207663 Busk P. L., 1992, SINGLE CASE RES DESI, P159 CARAMAZZA A, 1987, COGNITION, V26, P59, DOI 10.1016/0010-0277(87)90014-X Damasio H., 1989, LESION ANAL NEUROPSY Ellis A. W., 1993, READING WRITING DYSL Francis WN, 1982, FREQUENCY ANAL ENGLI GOODMAN RA, 1986, LANGUAGE INTERVENTIO, P596 Hillis A E, 1992, Clin Commun Disord, V2, P19 HILLIS AE, 1989, ARCH PHYS MED REHAB, V70, P632 Hillis AE, 2002, APHASIOLOGY, V16, P425, DOI 10.1080/02687030244000248 Kaplan E, 1983, BOSTON NAMING TEST Kertesz A., 1979, APHASIA ASS DISORDER Kertesz A., 1982, W APHASIA BATTERY RAPCSAK SZ, 2000, APHASIA LANGUAGE THE, P184 Rapp B, 2002, APHASIOLOGY, V16, P439, DOI 10.1080/02687030244000301 Roeltgen D. P., 1993, CLIN NEUROPSYCHOLOGY, P63 TRYON WW, 1982, J APPL BEHAV ANAL, V15, P423, DOI 10.1901/jaba.1982.15-423 NR 21 TC 15 Z9 15 PU PSYCHOLOGY PRESS PI HOVE PA 27 CHURCH RD, HOVE BN3 2FA, EAST SUSSEX, ENGLAND SN 0268-7038 J9 APHASIOLOGY JI Aphasiology PD JUN-JUL PY 2003 VL 17 IS 6-7 BP 607 EP 624 DI 10.1080/02687030344000058 PG 18 WC Clinical Neurology SC Neurosciences & Neurology GA 690VB UT WOS:000183570200005 ER PT J AU Clausen, NS Besson, PM AF Clausen, NS Besson, PM TI Conversational use of writing in severe aphasia: A group treatment approach SO APHASIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID JARGON APHASIA; COMMUNICATION; REMEDIATION; EFFICACY; DEFICITS; THERAPY AB Background: Several studies have documented the ability of individuals with severe aphasia to relearn the spelling of target words so that written communication can augment limited spoken language abilities. To date, there has been little documentation of clinical methods to facilitate the conversational use of written communication in such individuals. Aims: The present study was designed to examine treatment outcomes in response to single-word writing treatment complemented by a group treatment approach to facilitate the use of writing for conversation. Methods & Procedures: Four individuals with chronic, severe aphasia and agraphia received copy and recall treatment (CART) that included repeated copying and recall trials for spelling target words, as well as small group writing treatment. Single-subject multiple baseline designs were implemented to document progress on sets of words sequentially targeted for treatment. Writing was probed in the context of individual treatment sessions, structured group conversation, and in conversation with an unfamiliar person. Outcomes & Results: All four participants responded positively to treatment by demonstrating improved spelling of target words in individual sessions, and use of single-word writing in structured group conversations. In addition, all subjects showed the ability to use telegraphic written communication with new people, albeit with fewer words written in the most naturalistic context. Conclusions: Single-word writing abilities may improve with treatment despite persistent impairments to spoken language and considerable passage of time since the onset of aphasia. Group treatment appears to be an appropriate context to facilitate conversational use of written communication in such individuals. C1 Univ Arizona, Dept Speech & Hearing Sci, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA. RP Besson, PM (reprint author), Univ Arizona, Dept Speech & Hearing Sci, POB 210071, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA. CR ALIMINOSA D, 1993, APHASIOLOGY, V7, P55, DOI 10.1080/02687039308249499 Beeson P. M., 1999, APHASIOLOGY, V13, P367 Beeson PM, 2002, APHASIOLOGY, V16, P473, DOI 10.1080/02687030244000167 BEESON PM, IN PRESS J SPEECH LA Carlomagno S., 1994, COGNITIVE NEUROPSYCH Cohen J., 1988, STAT POWER ANAL BEHA, V2nd Goodglass H, 2001, BOSTON DIAGNOSTIC AP, V3rd HILLIS AE, 1989, ARCH PHYS MED REHAB, V70, P632 Hopper T, 2002, APHASIOLOGY, V16, P745, DOI 10.1080/02687030244000059 Howard D., 1992, PYRAMIDS PALM TREES Kay J., 1992, PSYCHOLINGUISTIC ASS Kertesz A., 1982, W APHASIA BATTERY Kromrey JD, 1996, J EXP EDUC, V65, P73 Rapp B, 2002, APHASIOLOGY, V16, P439, DOI 10.1080/02687030244000301 Raven JC, 1976, COLOURED PROGR MATRI Robson J, 2001, INT J LANG COMM DIS, V36, P471, DOI 10.1080/13682820110089371 Robson J, 1998, INT J LANG COMM DIS, V33, P305, DOI 10.1080/136828298247767 NR 17 TC 19 Z9 19 PU PSYCHOLOGY PRESS PI HOVE PA 27 CHURCH RD, HOVE BN3 2FA, EAST SUSSEX, ENGLAND SN 0268-7038 J9 APHASIOLOGY JI Aphasiology PD JUN-JUL PY 2003 VL 17 IS 6-7 BP 625 EP 644 DI 10.1080/02687030344000003 PG 20 WC Clinical Neurology SC Neurosciences & Neurology GA 690VB UT WOS:000183570200006 ER PT J AU Beeson, PM Rapcsak, SZ Plante, E Chargualaf, J Chung, A Johnson, SC Trouard, TP AF Beeson, PM Rapcsak, SZ Plante, E Chargualaf, J Chung, A Johnson, SC Trouard, TP TI The neural substrates of writing: A functional magnetic resonance imaging study SO APHASIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID POSITRON EMISSION TOMOGRAPHY; PURE APRAXIC AGRAPHIA; CEREBRAL-BLOOD-FLOW; LEXICAL AGRAPHIA; PARIETAL CORTEX; FRONTAL-CORTEX; LESION; FMRI; KANJI; ACTIVATION AB Background: Hypotheses regarding the neural substrates of writing have been derived from the study of individuals with acquired agraphia. Functional neuroimaging offers another methodology to test these hypotheses in neurologically intact individuals. Aims: This study was designed to identify possible neural substrates for the linguistic and motor components of writing in normal English-speaking individuals. Methods & Procedures: Functional magnetic resonance imaging was used with 12 adults to examine activation associated with generative writing of words from semantic categories contrasted with writing letters of the alphabet and drawing circles. In addition, the generative writing condition was contrasted with a subvocal generative naming condition. Outcomes & Results: Semantically guided retrieval of orthographic word forms for the generative writing condition revealed activation in the left inferior and dorsolateral prefrontal cortex, as well as the left posterior inferior temporal lobe (BA 37). However, no activation was detected in the left angular gyrus (BA 39). The motor components of writing were associated with activation in left fronto-parietal cortex including the region of the intraparietal sulcus, superior parietal lobule, dorsolateral and medial premotor cortex, and sensorimotor areas for the hand. Conclusions: These observations suggest an important role of the left posterior inferior temporal cortex in lexical-orthographic processing and fail to support the long-held notion that the dominant angular gyrus is the storage site for orthographic representations of familiar words. Our findings also demonstrate the involvement of left superior parietal and frontal premotor regions in translating orthographic information into appropriate hand movements. C1 Univ Arizona, Dept Speech & Hearing Sci, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA. So Arizona Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Tucson, AZ USA. Barrow Neurol Inst, Phoenix, AZ 85013 USA. RP Beeson, PM (reprint author), Univ Arizona, Dept Speech & Hearing Sci, POB 210071, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA. CR ALEXANDER MP, 1992, ARCH NEUROL-CHICAGO, V49, P246 ANDERSON SW, 1990, BRAIN, V113, P749, DOI 10.1093/brain/113.3.749 BASSO A, 1978, J NEUROL NEUROSUR PS, V41, P556, DOI 10.1136/jnnp.41.6.556 Beauregard M, 1997, J COGNITIVE NEUROSCI, V9, P441, DOI 10.1162/jocn.1997.9.4.441 BEAUVOIS MF, 1981, BRAIN, V104, P21, DOI 10.1093/brain/104.1.21 Bookheimer SY, 1995, HUM BRAIN MAPP, V3, P93, DOI 10.1002/hbm.460030206 Cabeza R, 2000, J COGNITIVE NEUROSCI, V12, P1, DOI 10.1162/08989290051137585 Cohen L, 2000, BRAIN, V123, P291, DOI 10.1093/brain/123.2.291 CROISILE B, 1989, REV NEUROL, V145, P2587 Dejerine J, 1891, MEMOIRES SOC BIOL, V3, P197 DEMONET JF, 1992, BRAIN, V115, P1753, DOI 10.1093/brain/115.6.1753 Ellis A. W., 1988, LANG COGNITIVE PROC, V3, P99, DOI 10.1080/01690968808402084 ELLIS AW, 1995, HUMAN COGNITIVE NEUR Exner S., 1881, UNTERSUCHUNGEN LOCAL Friston KJ, 1994, HUMAN BRAIN MAPPING, V2, P189, DOI DOI 10.1002/HBM.460020402 GOLDENBERG G, 1989, NEUROPSYCHOLOGIA, V27, P641, DOI 10.1016/0028-3932(89)90110-3 Hillis AE, 2002, APHASIOLOGY, V16, P425, DOI 10.1080/02687030244000248 HODGES JR, 1991, CORTEX, V27, P469 Holmes AP, 1998, NEUROIMAGE, V7, pS754 Horwitz B, 1998, P NATL ACAD SCI USA, V95, P8939, DOI 10.1073/pnas.95.15.8939 HOWARD D, 1992, BRAIN, V115, P1769, DOI 10.1093/brain/115.6.1769 Katanoda K, 2001, HUM BRAIN MAPP, V13, P34, DOI 10.1002/hbm.1023 Kato C, 1999, NEUROREPORT, V10, P1335, DOI 10.1097/00001756-199904260-00033 KAWAHATA N, 1988, BRAIN LANG, V33, P296, DOI 10.1016/0093-934X(88)90070-3 LEVINE DN, 1982, NEUROPSYCHOLOGIA, V20, P391, DOI 10.1016/0028-3932(82)90039-2 Martin A, 1996, NATURE, V379, P649, DOI 10.1038/379649a0 Menon V, 2001, COGNITIVE BRAIN RES, V12, P337, DOI 10.1016/S0926-6410(01)00063-5 Nakamura K, 2000, BRAIN, V123, P954, DOI 10.1093/brain/123.5.954 OLDFIELD RC, 1971, NEUROPSYCHOLOGIA, V9, P97, DOI 10.1016/0028-3932(71)90067-4 Otsuki M, 1999, J NEUROL NEUROSUR PS, V66, P233, DOI 10.1136/jnnp.66.2.233 PATTERSON K, 1982, Q J EXP PSYCHOL-A, V34, P411 PETRIDES M, 1995, P NATL ACAD SCI USA, V92, P5803, DOI 10.1073/pnas.92.13.5803 PRICE CJ, 1994, BRAIN, V117, P1255, DOI 10.1093/brain/117.6.1255 Price CJ, 1998, TRENDS COGN SCI, V2, P281, DOI 10.1016/S1364-6613(98)01201-7 Price CJ, 1996, CEREB CORTEX, V6, P62, DOI 10.1093/cercor/6.1.62 Price CJ, 1997, HUM BRAIN MAPP, V5, P264, DOI 10.1002/(SICI)1097-0193(1997)5:4<264::AID-HBM11>3.0.CO;2-E Rapcsak S. Z., 2002, HDB ADULT LANGUAGE D, P71 RAPCSAK SZ, 2000, APHASIA LANGUAGE THE RAPCSAK SZ, 1990, BRAIN LANG, V38, P504, DOI 10.1016/0093-934X(90)90134-3 RAPCSAL SZ, 1997, APRAXIA NEUROPSYCHOL Rapp B, 1997, COGNITIVE NEUROPSYCH, V14, P71 Roeltgen D. P., 1993, CLIN NEUROPSYCHOLOGY Roeltgen D. P., 1994, LOCALIZATION NEUROIM ROELTGEN DP, 1983, ARCH NEUROL-CHICAGO, V40, P46 ROELTGEN DP, 1984, BRAIN, V107, P811, DOI 10.1093/brain/107.3.811 RUBENS A B, 1975, Cortex, V11, P239 SAKURAI Y, 1994, J NEUROL NEUROSUR PS, V57, P609, DOI 10.1136/jnnp.57.5.609 Seitz RJ, 1997, EUR J NEUROSCI, V9, P378, DOI 10.1111/j.1460-9568.1997.tb01407.x Shallice T., 1988, NEUROPSYCHOLOGY MENT SOMA Y, 1989, BRAIN, V112, P1549, DOI 10.1093/brain/112.6.1549 Sugishita M, 1996, NEUROREPORT, V7, P1917, DOI 10.1097/00001756-199608120-00009 Tagamets MA, 2000, J COGNITIVE NEUROSCI, V12, P281, DOI 10.1162/089892900562101 Vandenberghe R, 1996, NATURE, V383, P254, DOI 10.1038/383254a0 Warburton E, 1996, BRAIN, V119, P159, DOI 10.1093/brain/119.1.159 WATSON RT, 1986, ARCH NEUROL-CHICAGO, V43, P787 WORSLEY KJ, 1995, NEUROIMAGE, V2, P173, DOI 10.1006/nimg.1995.1023 Worsley KJ, 1996, HUM BRAIN MAPP, V4, P58, DOI 10.1002/(SICI)1097-0193(1996)4:1<58::AID-HBM4>3.0.CO;2-O NR 57 TC 60 Z9 61 PU PSYCHOLOGY PRESS PI HOVE PA 27 CHURCH RD, HOVE BN3 2FA, EAST SUSSEX, ENGLAND SN 0268-7038 J9 APHASIOLOGY JI Aphasiology PD JUN-JUL PY 2003 VL 17 IS 6-7 BP 647 EP 665 DI 10.1080/02687030344000067 PG 19 WC Clinical Neurology SC Neurosciences & Neurology GA 690VB UT WOS:000183570200007 ER PT J AU Nakamura, K Kouider, S AF Nakamura, K Kouider, S TI Functional neuroanatomy of Japanese writing systems SO APHASIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID INFERIOR TEMPORAL CORTEX; PARIETAL CORTEX; PURE AGRAPHIA; WRITERS CRAMP; LEXICAL AGRAPHIA; BRAIN ACTIVITY; KANA AGRAPHIA; MOTOR; ACTIVATION; ORGANIZATION AB Background: Most of the brain imaging studies to date have addressed the skill of writing as a paradigm to examine the neural correlates for complex limb movements. Although these data have enriched our view of the functional organization of the brain for motor aspects of writing, there have been few attempts to discuss their relevance to aphasiology research. Aims: The aim of the present article is two-fold. First, we examined neuroimaging data on writing to provide an overview of the neurophysiological basis subserving the motor aspects of the skill. Second, while taking into consideration the framework provided by these data, we reviewed lesion and functional imaging studies of Japanese to discuss the possible difference in neural correlates that has been assumed for its two orthographic systems, kanji (logogram) and kana (syllabogram). Main Contributions: The fronto-parietal cortical circuit linking the premotor with posterior parietal areas in the left hemisphere seems to constitute a basic neural substrate for the motor act of writing. Lesion and imaging data with Japanese suggest that writing of kana utilises these structures in conjunction with the left perisylvian area for spoken language. In contrast, writing of kanji shares this network for the later phase of motor execution, but recruits the left basal temporal area as an additional device for the generation of motor output. Conclusions: The execution of writing, irrespective of the script type, is achieved by common brain structures used for a wide range of limb movements. Writing of kanji seems to differ from that of kana only in that the former needs the retrieval of visuospatial information of characters as an additional cognitive operation. This difference does not necessarily imply that the two kinds of script have distinct neural substrates. C1 Lab Sci Cognit & Psycholinguist, Paris, France. RP Nakamura, K (reprint author), Univ Tokyo, Grad Sch Med, 7-3-1 Hongo, Tokyo 11333, Japan. CR Abe K., 1993, SHINKEISHINRIGAKU, V9, P196 ALEXANDER MP, 1992, ARCH NEUROL-CHICAGO, V49, P246 Bartolomeo P, 2002, NEUROPSYCHOLOGIA, V40, P1363, DOI 10.1016/S0028-3932(01)00209-3 BEAUVOIS MF, 1981, BRAIN, V104, P2 Berg D, 2000, J NEUROL NEUROSUR PS, V69, P780, DOI 10.1136/jnnp.69.6.780 BLOOMFIELD L, 1933, LANGUAGE, P281 Braun C, 2001, BRAIN, V124, P2259, DOI 10.1093/brain/124.11.2259 Crammond DJ, 1997, TRENDS NEUROSCI, V20, P54, DOI 10.1016/S0166-2236(96)30019-2 CRYSTAL D, 1997, CAMBRIDGE ENCY LANGU, P196 Destreri ND, 2000, BRAIN LANG, V71, P353 FARAH MJ, 1995, NEUROPSYCHOLOGY MENT, P121 FRIEDLAND J, 1990, J COMMUN DISORD, V23, P171, DOI 10.1016/0021-9924(90)90021-P FUJII T, 1995, SEISHIN IGAKU, V37, P853 GALABURDA AM, 1990, NEUROPSYCHOLOGIA, V28, P529, DOI 10.1016/0028-3932(90)90032-J Hasegawa I, 1998, SCIENCE, V281, P814, DOI 10.1126/science.281.5378.814 Hashimoto R, 1998, BRAIN LANG, V63, P50, DOI 10.1006/brln.1997.1865 Ibanez V, 1999, NEUROLOGY, V53, P96 IHORI N, 1994, BRAIN LANG, V47, P197, DOI 10.1006/brln.1994.1049 IWATA M, 1984, TRENDS NEUROSCI, V7, P290, DOI 10.1016/S0166-2236(84)80198-8 KAIHO H, 1983, KANJI JOUHOU SHORI N KALMUS H, 1960, LANG SPEECH, V3, P96 Katanoda K, 2001, HUM BRAIN MAPP, V13, P34, DOI 10.1002/hbm.1023 Kato C, 1999, NEUROREPORT, V10, P1335, DOI 10.1097/00001756-199904260-00033 KAWAHATA N, 1988, BRAIN LANG, V33, P296, DOI 10.1016/0093-934X(88)90070-3 KAWAMURA M, 1987, J NEUROL NEUROSUR PS, V50, P1125, DOI 10.1136/jnnp.50.9.1125 KIMURA B, 1986, NEUROLOGICAL MED, V24, P484 Kokubo K, 2001, CORTEX, V37, P187, DOI 10.1016/S0010-9452(08)70567-7 LACQUANITI F, 1989, TRENDS NEUROSCI, V12, P287, DOI 10.1016/0166-2236(89)90008-8 LASHLEY KS, 1951, CEREBRAL MECH BEHAV, P478 MARGOLIN DI, 1984, Q J EXP PSYCHOL-A, V36, P459 MIYASHITA Y, 1993, ANNU REV NEUROSCI, V16, P245, DOI 10.1146/annurev.ne.16.030193.001333 Morton J., 1984, ORTHOGRAPHIES READIN, P25 Nakamura K, 2000, BRAIN, V123, P954, DOI 10.1093/brain/123.5.954 NAKAMURA K, 2001, J COGNITIVE NEUROSCI, V14, P104 Odergren T, 1998, MOVEMENT DISORD, V13, P497, DOI 10.1002/mds.870130321 Otsuki M, 1999, J NEUROL NEUROSUR PS, V66, P233, DOI 10.1136/jnnp.66.2.233 Paradis M., 1985, NEUROLINGUISTIC ASPE PETRIDES M, 1995, P NATL ACAD SCI USA, V92, P5803, DOI 10.1073/pnas.92.13.5803 Preibisch C, 2001, J NEUROL, V248, P10, DOI 10.1007/s004150170263 PRICE CJ, 1994, BRAIN, V117, P1255, DOI 10.1093/brain/117.6.1255 Price CJ, 1998, TRENDS COGN SCI, V2, P281, DOI 10.1016/S1364-6613(98)01201-7 Rapp B, 1997, J EXP PSYCHOL HUMAN, V23, P1130, DOI 10.1037/0096-1523.23.4.1130 Rizzolatti G, 1998, ELECTROEN CLIN NEURO, V106, P283, DOI 10.1016/S0013-4694(98)00022-4 Roeltgen D. P., 1993, CLIN NEUROPSYCHOLOGY, P63 ROELTGEN DP, 1984, BRAIN, V107, P811, DOI 10.1093/brain/107.3.811 SAITO H, 1997, GENGO NO KAGAKU, P93 Sakurai Y, 1997, NEUROLOGY, V49, P946 SASANUMA S, 1987, DEEP DYSLEXIA Scholz VH, 2000, BRAIN RES, V879, P204, DOI 10.1016/S0006-8993(00)02749-9 Seitz RJ, 1997, EUR J NEUROSCI, V9, P378, DOI 10.1111/j.1460-9568.1997.tb01407.x Siebner HR, 2001, EUR J NEUROSCI, V14, P726, DOI 10.1046/j.0953-816x.2001.01694.x Sirigu A, 1996, SCIENCE, V273, P1564, DOI 10.1126/science.273.5281.1564 SMITH WM, 1960, SCIENCE, V132, P1013, DOI 10.1126/science.132.3433.1013 SOMA Y, 1989, BRAIN, V112, P1549, DOI 10.1093/brain/112.6.1549 Sugishita M, 1996, NEUROREPORT, V7, P1917, DOI 10.1097/00001756-199608120-00009 TANAKA Y, 1987, CORTEX, V23, P679 TEASDALE N, 1993, ACTA PSYCHOL, V82, P179, DOI 10.1016/0001-6918(93)90011-F TOKUNAGA H, 1999, NEUROREPORT, V10, P3313 van Mier H, 1998, J NEUROPHYSIOL, V80, P2177 Verschueren SMP, 1999, EXP BRAIN RES, V127, P171, DOI 10.1007/s002210050787 Wise SP, 1997, ANNU REV NEUROSCI, V20, P25, DOI 10.1146/annurev.neuro.20.1.25 Wydell TN, 1999, COGNITION, V70, P273, DOI 10.1016/S0010-0277(99)00016-5 Yaguchi H, 1998, Rinsho Shinkeigaku, V38, P499 YOKOTA T, 1990, J NEUROL NEUROSUR PS, V53, P335, DOI 10.1136/jnnp.53.4.335 NR 64 TC 2 Z9 2 PU PSYCHOLOGY PRESS PI HOVE PA 27 CHURCH RD, HOVE BN3 2FA, EAST SUSSEX, ENGLAND SN 0268-7038 J9 APHASIOLOGY JI Aphasiology PD JUN-JUL PY 2003 VL 17 IS 6-7 BP 667 EP 683 DI 10.1080/02687030344000076 PG 17 WC Clinical Neurology SC Neurosciences & Neurology GA 690VB UT WOS:000183570200008 ER PT J AU Blake, ML Duffy, JR Tompkins, CA Myers, PS AF Blake, ML Duffy, JR Tompkins, CA Myers, PS TI Right hemisphere syndrome is in the eye of the beholder SO APHASIOLOGY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 32nd Annual Clinical Aphasiology Conference CY JUN, 2002 CL RIDGEDALE, MISSOURI AB Background: Specific information about prevalence and patterns of deficits associated with right hemisphere brain damage (RHD) is incomplete. A recent large-scale study of inpatients in a United States rehabilitation centre (Lehman Blake, Duffy, Myers & Tompkins, 2002) provided initial estimates of deficit prevalence and co-occurrence. The data obtained were based on information from multiple medical disciplines, and may not adequately reflect the typical caseload seen by US speech-language pathologists (SLP). Differences in how professionals view RHD may influence whether patients are appropriately referred for services. Aims: The first aim was to evaluate whether prevalence and patterns of deficits differ when diagnoses are made by SLPs versus other disciplines. The second aim was to examine whether the presence of certain deficits is associated with referrals to SLP. Methods and Procedures: A retrospective chart review was conducted examining medical records for 122 adults with RHD in an inpatient rehabilitation unit. Diagnoses were obtained from speech-language pathology versus a group of other medical professionals, including neurology/physiatry, neuropsychology, and occupational therapy. Frequencies and cluster analyses were computed for both groups of diagnosticians to examine differences between groups. Relationships between performance on a screening measure of mental status and cognitive/communicative diagnoses were examined to determine if there were obvious connections between specific disorders and referrals to SLP. Outcomes and Results: Diagnoses of pragmatic and communicative deficits were made more often by SLPs, while the other professionals more often diagnosed deficits in attention, visuoperception, and learning/memory. Moderate-strong correlations between diagnoses from the two groups were obtained only for deficits of attention, linguistics, and neglect. Referral to SLP was not related to performance on a general mental status screening test. Patients who presented with neglect, aprosodia, or deficits in interpersonal interactions were more likely to be referred to SLP than when these deficits were absent. Conclusions: This study raises the question of how to ensure appropriate referrals to SLP when referring professionals may not always identify the communicative disorders exhibited by individuals with RHD. A descriptive definition of right hemisphere syndrome and a consistent set of terminology would facilitate communication about right hemisphere deficits within and across disciplines. A broader scope of referrals to SLP would increase the number of patients who receive appropriate care for their cognitive and communicative deficits. C1 Syracuse Univ, Syracuse, NY 13244 USA. Mayo Clin, Rochester, MN USA. Univ Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15260 USA. RP Blake, ML (reprint author), Univ Houston, Clin Res Ctr 100, Houston, TX 77204 USA. CR ALDENDERFER MS, 1984, CLUSTER ANAL, P62 Blake M. L., 2002, APHASIOLOGY, V16, P537, DOI 10.1080/02687030244000194 Cohen J., 1988, STAT POWER ANAL BEHA, V2nd FOLSTEIN MF, 1975, J PSYCHIAT RES, V12, P189, DOI 10.1016/0022-3956(75)90026-6 JOANETTE Y, 1994, CLIN APHASIOL, V22, P1 KOKMEN E, 1987, MAYO CLIN PROC, V62, P281 Myers P. S., 1999, RIGHT HEMISPHERE DAM SPSS, 1999, SPSS BAS 10 0 US GUI Tompkins CA, 1995, RIGHT HEMISPHERE COM NR 9 TC 3 Z9 5 PU PSYCHOLOGY PRESS PI HOVE PA 27 CHURCH RD, HOVE BN3 2FA, EAST SUSSEX, ENGLAND SN 0268-7038 J9 APHASIOLOGY JI Aphasiology PD MAY PY 2003 VL 17 IS 5 BP 423 EP 432 DI 10.1080/02687030344000120 PG 10 WC Clinical Neurology SC Neurosciences & Neurology GA 669DB UT WOS:000182335700002 ER PT J AU Wambaugh, JL AF Wambaugh, JL TI A comparison of the relative effects of phonologic and semantic cueing treatments SO APHASIOLOGY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 32nd Annual Clinical Aphasiology Conference CY JUN, 2002 CL RIDGEDALE, MISSOURI ID APHASIA; DEFICITS; THERAPY AB Background: Lexical retrieval problems are pervasive in aphasia and are often an important focus of treatment. Although many treatments have been demonstrated to positively impact lexical retrieval in aphasia, comparisons of such treatments have been relatively rare. Aims: The purpose of this investigation was to compare the relative effects of two lexical retrieval cueing treatments when administered concurrently with a participant with chronic anomic aphasia. The cueing treatments, phonological cueing treatment (PCT) and semantic cueing treatment (SCT) were designed to target the lexical phonologic and lexical semantic levels of processing, respectively. Methods & Procedures: The participant received both treatments concomitantly in the context of an alternating treatments design and multiple baseline design across behaviours. Separate lists of words were assigned to each treatment and additional word lists were designated for generalisation assessment. Following achievement of criterion levels of performance, each treatment was then applied to the additional lists in order to attempt to replicate treatment effects. Outcomes & Results: The participant showed a positive response to both treatments. However, he achieved higher levels of accuracy of naming for items treated with SCT. This effect was observed in both phases of treatment application. Conclusions: For this participant, SCT appeared to be the preferred treatment, at least in the context of concurrent administration of the treatments. This preferential response may be related to a pretreatment pattern of responding in which the participant routinely used descriptions and semantically related sentence cues to attempt to retrieve words. C1 Univ Utah, Dept Commun Sci & Disorders, Salt Lake City, UT 84112 USA. VA Salt Lake Healthcare Syst, Salt Lake City, UT 84148 USA. RP Wambaugh, JL (reprint author), Univ Utah, Dept Commun Sci & Disorders, Rm 1201,390 South 1530 East, Salt Lake City, UT 84112 USA. CR BARLOW DH, 1984, SINGLE CASE EXPT DES Blomert L., 1992, NEUROPSYCHOL REHABIL, P121 Davis A., 1991, NEUROPSYCHOL REHABIL, V1, P135, DOI 10.1080/09602019108401387 German DJ, 1990, TEST ADOLESCENT ADUL HOWARD D, 1985, BRAIN, V108, P817 Kay J., 1992, PSYCHOLINGUISTIC ASS Kertesz A., 1982, W APHASIA BATTERY Miceli G, 1996, BRAIN LANG, V52, P150, DOI 10.1006/brln.1996.0008 Nickels L, 1996, APHASIOLOGY, V10, P21, DOI 10.1080/02687039608248397 PATTERSON JP, 2001, AM SPEECH LANGUAGE H, V11, P11 RAYMER AM, 1993, APHASIOLOGY, V7, P27, DOI 10.1080/02687039308249498 SNODGRASS JG, 1980, J EXP PSYCHOL-HUM L, V6, P174, DOI 10.1037/0278-7393.6.2.174 VISHCHBRINK E, 2002, ANN CLIN APH C BRANS WAMBAUGH JL, 2001, APHASIOLOGY, V10, P933 WAMBAUGH JL, 1999, BRAIN LANG, V73, P446 Wambaugh JL, 2002, J REHABIL RES DEV, V39, P455 NR 16 TC 27 Z9 27 PU PSYCHOLOGY PRESS PI HOVE PA 27 CHURCH RD, HOVE BN3 2FA, EAST SUSSEX, ENGLAND SN 0268-7038 J9 APHASIOLOGY JI Aphasiology PD MAY PY 2003 VL 17 IS 5 BP 433 EP 441 DI 10.1080/02687030344000085 PG 9 WC Clinical Neurology SC Neurosciences & Neurology GA 669DB UT WOS:000182335700003 ER PT J AU Wright, HH Silverman, SW Newhoff, M AF Wright, HH Silverman, SW Newhoff, M TI Measures of lexical diversity in aphasia SO APHASIOLOGY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 32nd Annual Clinical Aphasiology Conference CY JUN, 2002 CL RIDGEDALE, MO ID LANGUAGE IMPAIRMENT; PRESCHOOL-CHILDREN; SPONTANEOUS SPEECH AB Background: Important to the assessment of aphasia are analyses of discourse production and, in particular, lexical diversity analyses of verbal production of adults with aphasia. Previous researchers have used type-token ratio (TTR) to measure conversational vocabulary in adults with aphasia; however, this measure is known to be sensitive to sample size, requiring that only samples of equivalent length be compared. The number of different words (NDW) is another measure of lexical diversity, but it also requires input samples of equivalent length. An alternative to these measures, D, has been developed (Malvern & Richards, 1997) to address this problem. D allows for comparisons across samples of varying lengths. Aims: The first objective of the current study was to examine the relationships among three measures of productive vocabulary in discourse for adults with aphasia: TTR, NDW, and D. The second objective was to use these measures to determine in what ways, and to what degree, they each can differentiate fluent and nonfluent aphasia. Methods & Procedures: Eighteen adults with aphasia participated in this study (nine with nonfluent aphasia; nine with fluent aphasia). Participants completed the Western Aphasia Battery (WAB) and produced language samples consisting of conversation and picture description. Samples were then subjected to the three lexical diversity analyses. Outcomes & Results: Results indicated that, although the measures generally correlated with each other, adults with fluent aphasia evidenced significantly higher D and NDW values than those with nonfluent aphasia when whole samples were subjected to analyses. Once samples were truncated to 100- and 200-word samples, groups differed significantly for all three measures. Conclusions: These findings add further support to the notion that because TTR and, although to a lesser extent, NDW are sensitive to sample size, length differences across samples tend to confound results. As an alternative to these measures, the use of D for the measurement of conversational vocabulary of adults with aphasia enables the analysis of entire language samples, so that discarding language sample data is not necessary. In the present study, D values differed for fluent and nonfluent aphasia samples. C1 Univ Kentucky, Div Commun Disorders, Lexington, KY 40536 USA. Univ Missouri, Columbia, MO USA. San Diego State Univ, San Diego, CA 92182 USA. RP Wright, HH (reprint author), Univ Kentucky, Div Commun Disorders, CHS Bldg,900 S Limestone, Lexington, KY 40536 USA. EM hhwrig2@uky.edu CR CHOTLOS JW, 1944, PSYCHOL MONOGR, V56, P77 Dollaghan CA, 1999, J SPEECH LANG HEAR R, V42, P1432 FILLENBAUM S, 1961, LANG SPEECH, V4, P91 Goffman L, 2000, AM J SPEECH-LANG PAT, V9, P151 Guiraud P., 1959, PROBLEMES METHODES S Herdan G., 1960, TYPE TOKEN MATH TXB HESS CW, 1986, J SPEECH HEAR RES, V29, P129 Johnson W, 1944, PSYCHOL MONOGR, V56, P1 Kertesz A., 1982, W APHASIA BATTERY MacWhinney B., 2000, CHILDES PROJECT TOOL Malvern D, 1997, BRIT S AP L, V12, P58 McKee G., 2000, Literary & Linguistic Computing, V15, DOI 10.1093/llc/15.3.323 McNeil MR, 2001, APHASIOLOGY, V15, P991 Miller J.F., 1981, ASSESSING LANGUAGE P NICHOLAS LE, 1993, J SPEECH HEAR RES, V36, P338 Owen AJ, 2002, J SPEECH LANG HEAR R, V45, P927, DOI 10.1044/1092-4388(2002/075) PRINS RS, 1978, BRAIN LANG, V6, P192, DOI 10.1016/0093-934X(78)90058-5 Ratner NB, 2000, J SPEECH LANG HEAR R, V43, P1252 SILVERMAN S, IN PRESS J FLUENCY D SPREEN O, 1973, LANG SPEECH, V16, P130 Templin M., 1957, CERTAIN LANGUAGE SKI WACHAL RS, 1973, LANG SPEECH, V16, P169 WATKINS RV, 1995, J SPEECH HEAR RES, V38, P1349 NR 23 TC 26 Z9 26 PU PSYCHOLOGY PRESS PI HOVE PA 27 CHURCH RD, HOVE BN3 2FA, EAST SUSSEX, ENGLAND SN 0268-7038 J9 APHASIOLOGY JI Aphasiology PD MAY PY 2003 VL 17 IS 5 BP 443 EP 452 DI 10.1080/0268703044000166 PG 10 WC Clinical Neurology SC Neurosciences & Neurology GA 669DB UT WOS:000182335700004 ER PT J AU Rose, M Douglas, J AF Rose, M Douglas, J TI Limb apraxia, pantomine, and lexical gesture in aphasic speakers: Preliminary findings SO APHASIOLOGY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 32nd Annual Clinical Aphasiology Conference CY JUN, 2002 CL RIDGEDALE, MISSOURI ID ALZHEIMERS-DISEASE; ICONIC GESTURES; LEFT-HEMISPHERE; COMMUNICATION; DISSOCIATION; LANGUAGE; OBJECT AB Background: Speech-language pathologists considering the use of gesture as a therapeutic modality for clients with aphasia must first evaluate the integrity of their cleints' gesture systems. Questions arise with respect to which behaviours to assess and how to assess the chosen behaviours. There has been a long-held belief that tests of limb apraxia and pantomime provide valid information about candidacy for gesture-based interventions, yet the theoretical and empirical basis of this assumption is limited. Further, the relationship between conversational gesture skill and limb apraxia in co-occurring aphasia has been largely unexplored. It is possible that a client's gesture performance in natural conversation provides more valid information about gesture treatment candidacy than do tests of limb apraxia. Aims: This study aimed to investigate the relationship between the presence of limb apraxia and conversational gesture use in speakers with nonfluent aphasia. Following the assumption that limb praxis and conversational gesture reflect differing underlying processing, it was hypothesised that speakers with aphasia and limb apraxia would produce the full range of conversational gesture types in a conversational context. Further, it was hypothesised that speakers with demonstrated pantomime deficits on formal tests of pantomime would produce pantomimes naturally in conversation. Thus, a dissociation would be demonstrated between the processing responsible for gesture production as measured in limb apraxia tests and that subserving the production of conversational gesture. Methods & Procedure: Seven participants with nonfluent aphasia and ideomotor and conceptual limb apraxia conversed in a semi-structured conversation with the researcher. All arm and hand gestures produced by the participants were counted and rated according to guidelines provided by Hermann, Reichle, and Lucius-Hoene (1988), and the time they spent in either gesture or spoken expression was compared. Correlations were calculated between limb apraxia scores and proportions of meaning-laden gestures used in conversation. Outcomes & Results: All seven participants produced a wide range of gesture types. Participants with limited verbal output produced large amounts of meaning-laden gesture. Importantly, even participants with severe limb apraxia produced high proportions of meaning-laden gestures (codes and pantomimes) in the natural setting. There were no significant relationships found between scores on limb apraxia tests and natural gesture use. Conclusions: Patients with nonfluent aphasia and limb apraxia may still use meaningful conversational gesture in naturalistic settings. Tests of limb apraxia may be poor predictors of use of lexical gesture. Thus, clinicians are advised to sample lexical gesture use in spontaneous interactions. C1 La Trobe Univ, Sch Human Commun Sci, Bundoora, Vic 3086, Australia. RP Rose, M (reprint author), La Trobe Univ, Sch Human Commun Sci, Bundoora, Vic 3086, Australia. RI Douglas, Jacinta/C-2380-2009 CR BEHRMANN M, 1984, BRIT J DISORD COMMUN, V19, P155 BOROD JC, 1989, BRAIN COGNITION, V10, P121, DOI 10.1016/0278-2626(89)90079-1 Bryden M, 1982, LATERALITY FUNCTIONA, P157 Chainay H, 2002, COGN NEUROPSYCHOL, V19, P67, DOI 10.1080/02643290143000097 CHRISTOPOULOU C, 1985, J COMMUN DISORD, V18, P1, DOI 10.1016/0021-9924(85)90010-3 CICONE M, 1979, BRAIN LANG, V8, P324, DOI 10.1016/0093-934X(79)90060-9 COELHO C, 1991, CLIN APHASIOLOGY, V19 CORINA DP, 1992, BRAIN LANG, V43, P414, DOI 10.1016/0093-934X(92)90110-Z DERENZI E, 1983, CORTEX, V19, P333 DUFFY RJ, 1981, J SPEECH HEAR RES, V24, P70 Feyereisen P., 1988, APHASIOLOGY, V2, P21, DOI 10. 1080/02687038808248884 Feyereisen P., 1991, GESTURES SPEECH PSYC FEYEREISEN P, 1983, INT J PSYCHOL, V18, P545, DOI 10.1080/00207598308247500 GLOSSER G, 1986, BRAIN LANG, V27, P345, DOI 10.1016/0093-934X(86)90024-6 Glosser G, 1998, J CLIN EXP NEUROPSYC, V20, P1, DOI 10.1076/jcen.20.1.1.1484 Goodglass H, 1983, ASSESSMENT APHASIA R, V2nd GOODGLASS H, 1963, BRAIN, V86, P703, DOI 10.1093/brain/86.4.703 Hadar U, 1997, SEMIOTICA, V115, P147, DOI 10.1515/semi.1997.115.1-2.147 Hadar U, 1999, J NEUROLINGUIST, V12, P1, DOI 10.1016/S0911-6044(99)00001-9 HANLON RE, 1990, BRAIN LANG, V38, P298, DOI 10.1016/0093-934X(90)90116-X HELMESTABROOKS N, 1982, J SPEECH HEAR DISORD, V47, P385 Helm-Estabrooks N., 1992, TEST ORAL LIMB APRAX HERRMANN M, 1988, BRAIN LANG, V33, P41, DOI 10.1016/0093-934X(88)90053-3 Kearns K., 1982, CLIN APHASIOLOGY C P, P183 KERTESZ A, 1984, NEUROLOGY, V34, P40 Kertesz A., 1982, W APHASIA BATTERY KIMURA D, 1974, BRAIN, V97, P337, DOI 10.1093/brain/97.1.337 Krauss R. M., 2000, LANGUAGE GESTURE, P261, DOI DOI 10.1017/CBO9780511620850.017 Lausberg H, 2000, NEUROPSYCHOLOGIA, V38, P1654, DOI 10.1016/S0028-3932(00)00071-3 LEMAY A, 1988, APHASIOLOGY, V2, P137 McNeill D., 1992, HAND MIND WHAT GESTU McNeill D., 1990, CEREBRAL CONTROL SPE, P203 Neiman MR, 2000, NEUROPSYCHOL REHABIL, V10, P429 OCHIPA C, 1992, BRAIN, V115, P1061, DOI 10.1093/brain/115.4.1061 Patterson K. E., 1987, COGNITIVE NEUROPSYCH Pett M. A., 1997, NONPARAMETRIC STAT H RAO P, 2001, LANGUAGE INTERVENTIO, P688 Rao PR, 1995, TOPICS STOKE REHABIL, V2, P49 ROSE M, 1920, APHASIOLOGY, V16, P1001 Rose M, 2001, APHASIOLOGY, V15, P977 Rothi L.J.G., 1997, APRAXIA NEUROPSYCHOL SKELLY M, 1974, J SPEECH HEAR DISORD, V34, P445 WANG LZ, 1992, BRAIN LANG, V42, P402, DOI 10.1016/0093-934X(92)90076-Q WERTZ T, 1984, APRAXIA SPEECH ADULT NR 44 TC 18 Z9 18 PU PSYCHOLOGY PRESS PI HOVE PA 27 CHURCH RD, HOVE BN3 2FA, EAST SUSSEX, ENGLAND SN 0268-7038 J9 APHASIOLOGY JI Aphasiology PD MAY PY 2003 VL 17 IS 5 BP 453 EP 464 DI 10.1080/02687030344000157 PG 12 WC Clinical Neurology SC Neurosciences & Neurology GA 669DB UT WOS:000182335700005 ER PT J AU DeDe, G Parris, D Waters, G AF DeDe, G Parris, D Waters, G TI Teaching self-cues: A treatment approach for verbal naming SO APHASIOLOGY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 32nd Annual Clinical Aphasiology Conference CY JUN, 2002 CL RIDGEDALE, MISSOURI ID DISORDERS; DEFICITS; APHASIA AB Background: Very few treatment studies have examined the effects of training individuals with anomia to self-generate phonological cues. There is evidence that treatments using written language can improve phonological access for some patients. Such approaches are most effective when the patients are taught strategies to facilitate oral reading of targets. Aim: The goal of the present study was to evaluate the effects of a naming treatment designed to teach a chronic nonfluent aphasic to generate self-cues based on partial access to the written form of words and tactile (placement) cues. Methods: Therapy focused on naming items using a modified cueing hierarchy that incorporated written naming and tactile cues. An AB design was used to examine treatment effects in an individual with aphasia and apraxia of speech. Outcomes and Results: Verbal naming improved in target compared to control items. Generalisation was observed to verbal and written naming on standardised measures but not to novel stimuli with initial target and control phonemes. Testing 6 weeks post-treatment revealed limited loss of treatment gains. Conclusions: The results provide qualified support for the treatment programme. C1 Boston Univ, Sargent Coll Hlth & Rehabil Sci, Dept Commun Disorders, Boston, MA 02215 USA. RP DeDe, G (reprint author), Boston Univ, Sargent Coll Hlth & Rehabil Sci, Dept Commun Disorders, 635 Commonwealth Ave, Boston, MA 02215 USA. CR BASHIR AS, 1984, SEMINARS SPEECH LANG, V5, P127, DOI 10.1055/s-0028-1082519 Best W, 2000, BRAIN LANG, V74, P435 BRUCE C, 1988, NEUROPSYCHOLOGIA, V26, P253, DOI 10.1016/0028-3932(88)90078-4 CAPLAN D, 1992, LANGUAGE STRUCTURE P, P403 Dabul B. L., 1979, APRAXIA BATTERY ADUL Davis A., 1991, NEUROPSYCHOL REHABIL, V1, P135, DOI 10.1080/09602019108401387 Drew RL, 1999, J SPEECH LANG HEAR R, V42, P972 Francis WN, 1982, FREQUENCY ANAL ENGLI Goodglass H, 1983, ASSESSMENT APHASIA R, V2nd Hillis AE, 1998, J INT NEUROPSYCH SOC, V4, P648, DOI 10.1017/S135561779846613X HILLIS AE, 1989, ARCH PHYS MED REHAB, V70, P632 JOHNS DF, 1970, J SPEECH HEAR RES, V13, P556 Miceli G, 1996, BRAIN LANG, V52, P150, DOI 10.1006/brln.1996.0008 NICHOLAS M, 1999, C SPEAK APHASIA COMM Nickels L, 1996, APHASIOLOGY, V10, P21, DOI 10.1080/02687039608248397 NICKELS L, 1992, COGNITIVE NEUROPSYCH, V9, P155, DOI 10.1080/02643299208252057 RAYMER AM, 1993, APHASIOLOGY, V7, P27, DOI 10.1080/02687039308249498 Wambaugh JL, 2001, APHASIOLOGY, V15, P933 Yampolsky S, 2002, APHASIOLOGY, V16, P455, DOI 10.1080/02687030244000068 NR 19 TC 15 Z9 15 PU PSYCHOLOGY PRESS PI HOVE PA 27 CHURCH RD, HOVE BN3 2FA, EAST SUSSEX, ENGLAND SN 0268-7038 J9 APHASIOLOGY JI Aphasiology PD MAY PY 2003 VL 17 IS 5 BP 465 EP 480 DI 10.1080/02687030344000094 PG 16 WC Clinical Neurology SC Neurosciences & Neurology GA 669DB UT WOS:000182335700006 ER PT J AU Mayer, JF Murray, LL AF Mayer, JF Murray, LL TI Functional measures of naming in aphasia: Word retrieval in confrontation naming versus connected speech SO APHASIOLOGY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 32nd Annual Clinical Aphasiology Conference CY JUN, 2002 CL RIDGEDALE, MISSOURI ID BRAIN-DAMAGED SUBJECTS; VERB RETRIEVAL; CONVERSATIONAL DISCOURSE; FLUENT APHASIA; CONTEXT; COMMUNICATION; DIFFICULTIES; PERFORMANCE; DEFICITS; ROUTES AB Background: Word-finding difficulties are central to aphasia and as such have received a great deal of attention in aphasia research. Although treatment for lexical retrieval impairments can be effective, studies often use measurement of single-word performance (e.g., confrontation naming) to support such claims. In contrast, what matters most to patients with aphasia and their families is the ability to converse. Few aphasia studies, however, have addressed word retrieval in connected speech. Furthermore, one could debate whether generating names for single pictured stimuli bears resemblance to the online, multifaceted retrieval required during conversation. Aims: The purpose of this study was to assess the adequacy of Percent Word Retrieval (%WR) as well as two supplementary analyses, Percent Substantive Verbs (%SV) and Percent Corrected Errors (%CERR), to depict word retrieval in connected and conversational speech with respect to lexical class (noun vs verb) and aphasia severity (mild vs moderate). Specifically, we examined: (1) the relationship between lexical retrieval in confrontation naming, composite description, and conversational samples; and (2) the clinical utility and feasibility of %WR, %SV, and %CERR in quantifying such data. Methods & Procedures: A total of 14 individuals with aphasia, divided into mild (n = 7) and moderate (n = 7) groups based on aphasia severity, participated. Word retrieval was tested in three different contexts: single-word confrontation naming, composite description, and conversational speech. Lexical retrieval was analysed in each context using the analyses described above (%WR, %SV, and %CERR). The effects of context, grammatical class, and measurement technique were explored using repeated measures ANOVA and correlational analyses. Outcomes & Results: Statistical analyses revealed a significant effect of context for both %WR and %CERR, with superior lexical retrieval and self-correction of errors in connected speech versus single-word naming tasks. Moreover, %SV in conjunction with %WR was sensitive to possible verb retrieval deficits undetected by %WR alone, particularly for mild patients. Confrontation naming scores were strongly related to aphasia severity classification (mild vs moderate), but were not significantly correlated with naming abilities in connected speaking tasks. Conclusions: These findings endorse the incorporation of discourse-level tasks into aphasia assessment and treatment protocols. Use of simple and easily quantifiable measures (e.g., %WR) may be an option to extend current methodology and reconcile issues of ecological validity and clinical feasibility. C1 Indiana Univ, Dept Speech & Hearing Sci, Bloomington, IN 47405 USA. RP Mayer, JF (reprint author), Indiana Univ, Dept Speech & Hearing Sci, 200 S Jordan Ave, Bloomington, IN 47405 USA. CR Berndt RS, 1997, BRAIN LANG, V56, P107 Berndt RS, 1997, BRAIN LANG, V56, P68 Boles L, 1998, J COMMUN DISORD, V31, P261, DOI 10.1016/S0021-9924(98)00005-7 Breedin SD, 1998, BRAIN LANG, V63, P1, DOI 10.1006/brln.1997.1923 BROOKSHIRE RH, 1994, CLIN APHASIOL, V22, P119 BROWN C, 1981, J SPEECH HEAR RES, V24, P358 Cooper P. V., 1990, J GERONTOL B-PSYCHOL, V45, P210 CROCKFORD C, 1994, EUR J DISORDER COMM, V29, P165 DAMASIO AR, 1993, P NATL ACAD SCI USA, V90, P4957, DOI 10.1073/pnas.90.11.4957 Doesborgh SJC, 2002, APHASIOLOGY, V16, P413, DOI 10.1080/02687030244000077 DOLLAGHAN CA, 1992, TOP LANG DISORD, V12, P56 DOYLE PJ, 1994, CLIN APHASIOL, V22, P135 Edwards S, 1998, Int J Lang Commun Disord, V33 Suppl, P190 German DJ, 1990, TEST ADOLESCENT ADUL HELMESTABROOKS N, 1997, ANOMIA NEUROANATOMIC, P189, DOI 10.1016/B978-012289685-9/50012-0 HICKIN J, 2001, INT J LANG COMM DI S, V36, P3 Hillis AE, 2002, COGN NEUROPSYCHOL, V19, P523, DOI 10.1080/02643290244000077 HILLIS AE, 1998, LINGUISTIC LEVELS AP, P35 HOLLAND AL, 1994, CLIN APHASIOL, V22, P275 Hopper T, 2002, APHASIOLOGY, V16, P745, DOI 10.1080/02687030244000059 Ingles JL, 1996, CORTEX, V32, P199 Jordan F, 1997, APHASIOLOGY, V11, P877, DOI 10.1080/02687039708250462 Kaplan E, 1983, BOSTON NAMING TEST Kemmerer D, 2000, BRAIN LANG, V73, P393, DOI 10.1006/brln.2000.2312 Kemmerer D, 2000, BRAIN LANG, V73, P347, DOI 10.1006/brln.2000.2311 Kertesz A., 1982, W APHASIA BATTERY Larfeuil C, 1997, APHASIOLOGY, V11, P783, DOI 10.1080/02687039708250456 Lock S, 2001, INT J LANG COMM DIS, V36, P25 MACWHINNEY B, 1995, CHILDES PROJECT TOOL, P41 Manning L, 1996, NEUROPSYCHOLOGIA, V34, P809, DOI 10.1016/0028-3932(95)00166-2 Marshall J, 1997, APHASIOLOGY, V11, P625, DOI 10.1080/02687039708248496 McNeil MR, 1997, APHASIOLOGY, V11, P385, DOI 10.1080/02687039708248479 Murray LL, 2000, APHASIOLOGY, V14, P585 NICHOLAS LE, 1993, J SPEECH HEAR RES, V36, P338 NICHOLAS LE, 1993, CLIN APHASIOLOGY, V21, P87 NICHOLAS M, 1985, J SPEECH HEAR RES, V28, P405 Oelschlaeger ML, 1999, J SPEECH LANG HEAR R, V42, P636 Osborne F, 1998, Int J Lang Commun Disord, V33 Suppl, P208 Pashek GV, 2002, APHASIOLOGY, V16, P261, DOI 10.1080/02687040143000573 Penn C, 2000, BRAIN LANG, V71, P185, DOI 10.1006/brln.1999.2247 PERKINS L, 1995, EUR J DISORDER COMM, V30, P372 Raymer A. M., 2001, LANGUAGE INTERVENTIO, P524 Schwartz MF, 2002, COGN NEUROPSYCHOL, V19, P263, DOI 10.1080/02643290143000187 Segalowitz SJ, 2000, BRAIN LANG, V75, P376, DOI 10.1006/brln.2000.2361 SHEWAN CM, 1988, J COMMUN DISORD, V21, P103, DOI 10.1016/0021-9924(88)90001-9 SHEWAN CM, 1986, TREATMENT APHASIA LA, P243 SNOW P, 1995, APHASIOLOGY, V9, P365, DOI 10.1080/02687039508248210 Togher L, 2001, J COMMUN DISORD, V34, P131, DOI 10.1016/S0021-9924(00)00045-9 VERMEULEN J, 1989, BRAIN LANG, V36, P252, DOI 10.1016/0093-934X(89)90064-3 Wilkinson IAG, 1998, READ RES QUART, V33, P144, DOI 10.1598/RRQ.33.2.1 WILLIAMS SE, 1982, BRAIN LANG, V17, P92, DOI 10.1016/0093-934X(82)90007-4 WILLIAMS SE, 1987, BRAIN LANG, V32, P124, DOI 10.1016/0093-934X(87)90120-9 Wilshire CE, 2002, COGN NEUROPSYCHOL, V19, P165, DOI 10.1080/02643290143000169 World Health Organization, 2001, ICIDH 2 INT CLASS FU ZINGESER LB, 1990, BRAIN LANG, V39, P14, DOI 10.1016/0093-934X(90)90002-X NR 55 TC 28 Z9 28 PU PSYCHOLOGY PRESS PI HOVE PA 27 CHURCH RD, HOVE BN3 2FA, EAST SUSSEX, ENGLAND SN 0268-7038 J9 APHASIOLOGY JI Aphasiology PD MAY PY 2003 VL 17 IS 5 BP 481 EP 497 DI 10.1080/02687030344000148 PG 17 WC Clinical Neurology SC Neurosciences & Neurology GA 669DB UT WOS:000182335700007 ER PT J AU Coelho, CA Youse, KM Le, KN Feinn, R AF Coelho, CA Youse, KM Le, KN Feinn, R TI Narrative and conversational discourse of adults with closed head injuries and non-brain-injured adults: A discriminant analysis SO APHASIOLOGY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 32nd Annual Clinical Aphasiology Conference CY JUN, 2002 CL RIDGEDALE, MISSOURI ID DEFICITS; CHILDREN AB Background: Although there is general agreement regarding the clinical utility of discourse analyses for detecting the often subtle communicative impairments following closed head injuries (CHI), there is little consensus regarding discourse elicitation or analysis procedures. Consequently it has been difficult to compare findings across studies. Aims: In an effort to facilitate a movement towards the adoption of a more consistent methodology for the assessment of discourse abilities, the current study examined several commonly used measures of discourse performance and the accuracy with which these measures were able to distinguish individuals with CHI from non-brain-injured (NBI) controls. Previous studies have suggested that conversation is less demanding than narrative discourse because such narratives require greater manipulation of extended units of language while conversational discourse can be maintained with minimal responses (Chapman, 1997; Galski, Tompkins, & Johnston, 1998). On the basis of these reports it was hypothesised that the measures of narrative story performance would more accurately discriminate the participant groups than conversational measures. Methods & Procedures: Discourse samples were elicited from 32 adults with CHI and 43 NBI adults. Discourse samples included two story narratives, generation and retelling, and 15 minutes of conversation. A variety of discourse analyses were performed including story narrative measures of grammatical complexity, cohesive adequacy, and story grammar. Measures of conversation included appropriateness and topic initiation. Discriminant function analyses (DFA) were then employed to determine the accuracy of the selected measures in classifying the participants into their respective groups. Outcomes & Results: Results of the DFA with only the story narrative measures indicated that 70% of the cases, 64.5% of the CHI group, and 74.4% of the NBI group were accurately classified. This finding was not significant, suggesting that the story narrative measures did not reliably discriminate the CHI from the NBI participants. The DFA with the conversational measures correctly classified over 77% of the cases, 78.1% of the CHI participants, and 72.1% of the NBI group. This finding was significant, which suggests that the measures of conversational discourse were better able to discriminate the participant groups. A third DFA was performed, with all of the story narrative and conversational discourse measures included, which revealed that the conversational measures, comments and adequate plus responses, and the story narrative measure, T-units within episode structure in the generation task, made the greatest contributions to discriminating between the groups. Overall, group membership was correctly classified by the DFA in 81% of the cases, 84.4% of the CHI group, and 77.5% of the NBI participants. This finding was significant, suggesting that these three discourse measures discriminated the two participant groups with the highest degree of reliability. Conclusions: These findings did not support the hypothesis that the narrative discourse measures would more accurately predict group membership of the CHI and NBI participants than the conversational measures. A variety of factors may account for these findings including the interactive nature of conversation as well as social factors which appear to make this genre more difficult for individuals with CHI and a more sensitive index of their cognitive-communicative impairments. C1 Univ Connecticut, Dept Commun Sci, Unit 1085, Storrs, CT 06268 USA. Hosp Special Care, New Britain, CT USA. Univ Connecticut, Ctr Hlth, Farmington, CT USA. RP Coelho, CA (reprint author), Univ Connecticut, Dept Commun Sci, Unit 1085, Storrs, CT 06268 USA. CR Armstrong E., 2002, APHASIOLOGY, V16, P647, DOI 10.1080/02687030244000112 BLANK M, 1980, APPL PSYCHOLINGUIST, V1, P127, DOI 10.1017/S0142716400000801 Brinton B., 1989, CONVERSATIONAL MANAG Chapman S. B., 1997, AM J SPEECH-LANG PAT, V6, P50 Coelho C. A., 2002, APHASIOLOGY, V16, P659, DOI 10.1080/02687030244000275 COELHO CA, 1995, APHASIOLOGY, V9, P409, DOI 10.1080/02687039508248707 Coelho CA, 2002, J SPEECH LANG HEAR R, V45, P1232, DOI 10.1044/1092-4388(2002/099) COELHO CA, 1995, BRAIN INJURY, V9, P471, DOI 10.3109/02699059509008206 COELHO CA, 1991, ARCH PHYS MED REHAB, V72, P465 Doyle P. J., 1995, AM J SPEECH-LANG PAT, V4, P130 Galski T, 1998, BRAIN INJURY, V12, P769, DOI 10.1080/026990598122160 Hagan C, 1980, REHABILITATION HEAD HOLLINGSHEAD AB, 1972, UNPUB 4 FACTOR INDEX HARTLEY L L, 1991, Brain Injury, V5, P267, DOI 10.3109/02699059109008097 Kertesz A., 1982, W APHASIA BATTERY LEVIN HS, 1979, J NERV MENT DIS, V167, P675, DOI 10.1097/00005053-197911000-00004 LEZAK MD, 1995, NEUROPSYCHOLOGICAL A LILES BZ, 1985, J SPEECH HEAR RES, V28, P123 LILES BZ, 1995, J SPEECH HEAR RES, V38, P415 Mackenzie C, 2000, INT J LANG COMM DIS, V35, P269, DOI 10.1080/136828200247188 MANDLER JM, 1977, COGNITIVE PSYCHOL, V9, P111, DOI 10.1016/0010-0285(77)90006-8 Mattis S, 1976, GERIATRIC PSYCHIAT Mentis M., 1987, J SPEECH HEAR RES, V30, P583 Prince S, 2002, J MED SPEECH-LANG PA, V10, P19 SNOW P, 1995, APHASIOLOGY, V9, P365, DOI 10.1080/02687039508248210 Snow P, 1997, APHASIOLOGY, V11, P947, DOI 10.1080/02687039708249421 TOGHER L, 1999, COMMUNICATION SKILLS, P113 Togher L, 2001, J COMMUN DISORD, V34, P131, DOI 10.1016/S0021-9924(00)00045-9 Wilkinson R, 1999, APHASIOLOGY, V13, P327, DOI 10.1080/026870399402127 WINTER P, 1976, BEAR FLY Ylvisaker M., 2001, LANGUAGE INTERVENTIO, P745 NR 31 TC 21 Z9 21 PU PSYCHOLOGY PRESS PI HOVE PA 27 CHURCH RD, HOVE BN3 2FA, EAST SUSSEX, ENGLAND SN 0268-7038 J9 APHASIOLOGY JI Aphasiology PD MAY PY 2003 VL 17 IS 5 BP 499 EP 510 DI 10.1080/02687030344000111 PG 12 WC Clinical Neurology SC Neurosciences & Neurology GA 669DB UT WOS:000182335700008 ER PT J AU Ulatowska, HK Olness, GS Wertz, RT Samson, AM Keebler, MW Goins, KE AF Ulatowska, HK Olness, GS Wertz, RT Samson, AM Keebler, MW Goins, KE TI Relationship between discourse and Western Aphasia Battery performance in African Americans with aphasia SO APHASIOLOGY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 32nd Annual Clinical Aphasiology Conference CY JUN, 2002 CL RIDGEDALE, MISSOURI ID NARRATIVES AB Background: There is a need for discourse research with African Americans who have aphasia, highlighted by ethnic group differences in stroke prevalence, and potential ethnic group differences in dialect. Identification of ethnic dialect is critical to differentiate communication changes associated with pathology from normal communicative differences associated with ethnicity. Also, preliminary research on adults with aphasia indicates an uncertain relationship between discourse performance and standardised test performance. Aims: This study was designed to assess: (1) the relationship between performance on a standardised language measure and discourse performance, and (2) the use of ethnic dialect and discourse features, in the narrative productions of African-American adults with moderate aphasia on a variety of discourse tasks. Methods & Procedures: We investigated the discourse of 12 African Americans with scores in the moderate severity range on the Western Aphasia Battery, Aphasia Quotient (WAB-AQ). Each subject produced a fable retell, a story derived from a picture sequence, two stories derived from single pictures, and a topic-elicited personal narrative of a frightening experience. Analysis consisted of ratings of discourse quality (coherence, reference, and emplotment); a measure of discourse quantity (number of propositions); and a tally of the presence or absence of ethnic dialect and discourse features. Outcomes & Results: The correlation between WAB-AQ and discourse quality was statistically significant on the picture sequence task and one single-picture task, but not on the other discourse tasks. There was a significant relationship between WAB-AQ and overall quality ratings of coherence, reference, and emplotment. The correlation between WAB-AQ and discourse quantity was not significant for any task, and discourse quality was not significantly correlated with discourse quantity. Ethnic features appeared most often on one single-picture task and the personal narrative. No ethnic dialect features occurred on the fable retell. Conclusions: These findings suggest the need to supplement standardised assessment of aphasia with assessment of discourse performance, using less structured discourse tasks, such as a personal narrative task. Less structured discourse tasks may also be optimal for eliciting natural ethnic patterns of communication. The lack of relationship between narrative quantity and narrative quality may not generalise to individuals with aphasia that is severe or mild. This study contributes towards development of a discourse assessment tool for culturally and linguistically diverse populations that may supplement information provided by standardised testing. C1 Univ Texas, Callier Ctr Commun Disorders, Dallas, TX 75235 USA. Dept Vet Affairs Tennessee Valley Healthcare Syst, Nashville, TN 37212 USA. Vanderbilt Univ, Sch Med, Nashville, TN 37212 USA. RP Ulatowska, HK (reprint author), Univ Texas, Callier Ctr Commun Disorders, 1966 Inwood Rd, Dallas, TX 75235 USA. CR CHAPMAN SB, 1989, BRAIN LANG, V36, P651, DOI 10.1016/0093-934X(89)90092-8 CHAPMAN SB, 1998, PRAGMATICS NEUROGENI, P55 FEATHERMAN DL, 1980, 7948 U WISC CTR DEM Green L., 1998, AFRICAN AM ENGLISH S, P37 HOLLAND AL, 1983, TOP LANG DISORD, V3, P67 KERTESZ A, 1979, APHASIA RELATED DISO Kertesz A., 1982, W APHASIA BATTERY KITTNER SJ, 1990, JAMA-J AM MED ASSOC, V264, P1267, DOI 10.1001/jama.264.10.1267 Mitchell-Kernan C., 1972, RAPPIN STYLIN OUT CO, P315 MROSS EF, 1990, DISCOURSE ABILITY BR, P50 Mufwene SS, 1998, AFRICAN AM ENGLISH S Olness G. S., 2002, APHASIOLOGY, V16, P623, DOI 10.1080/02687030244000095 PATRY R, 1990, DISCOURSE ABILITY BR, P3 Ulatowska H. K., 1994, DISCOURSE ANAL APPL, P29 Ulatowska HK, 2001, AM J SPEECH-LANG PAT, V10, P40, DOI 10.1044/1058-0360(2001/007) Ulatowska HK, 2000, DISCOURSE PROCESS, V30, P265, DOI 10.1207/S15326950dp3003_3 ULATOWSKA HK, 2002, M NAT BLACK ASS SPEE Ulatowska HK, 2001, APHASIOLOGY, V15, P1007 Ulatowska HK, 2001, J NEUROLINGUIST, V14, P93, DOI 10.1016/S0911-6044(01)00010-0 Ulatowska HK, 2000, BRAIN LANG, V71, P249, DOI 10.1006/brln.1999.2261 WALLACE GL, 1996, ADULT APHASIA REHABI WERTZ RT, 2000, M AM SPEECH HEAR ASS Wolfram W., 1974, STUDY SOCIAL DIALECT WOLFRAM W, 1992, INT C INT PERSP SPEE NR 24 TC 2 Z9 2 PU PSYCHOLOGY PRESS PI HOVE PA 27 CHURCH RD, HOVE BN3 2FA, EAST SUSSEX, ENGLAND SN 0268-7038 J9 APHASIOLOGY JI Aphasiology PD MAY PY 2003 VL 17 IS 5 BP 511 EP 521 DI 10.1080/02687030344000102 PG 11 WC Clinical Neurology SC Neurosciences & Neurology GA 669DB UT WOS:000182335700009 ER PT J AU Hula, WD McNeil, MR Doyle, PJ Rubinsky, HJ Fossett, TRD AF Hula, WD McNeil, MR Doyle, PJ Rubinsky, HJ Fossett, TRD TI The inter-rater reliability of the story retell procedure SO APHASIOLOGY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 32nd Annual Clinical Aphasiology Conference CY JUN, 2002 CL RIDGEDALE, MISSOURI ID CONNECTED SPEECH; APHASIA; ADULTS AB Background: McNeil, Doyle, Fossett, Park, and Goda (2001) have presented the story retell procedure (SRP) as an efficient means of assessing discourse in adults with aphasia, in part because it provides reliable, valid, and sensitive indices of performance without the need for time-consuming transcription of language samples. Aims: The purpose of this study was to demonstrate that the SRP, when scored without transcription by judges with minimal training, produces a reliable measure of information transfer. Methods & Procedures: Four judges who had not used the SRP previously scored audio-recorded language samples, produced by four subjects with aphasia and eleven normal subjects, for percent information units per minute (%IU/Min). Outcomes & Results: The results demonstrate that the SRP has high inter-rater reliability. Reliability coefficients ranged from .89 to .995, and the standard error of measurement associated with inter-rater scoring error ranged from .59 to 1.42 %IU/Min. Point-to-point reliability in scoring individual information units ranged from 85-95% and averaged 91% for both subject groups. Conclusions: The SRP is a potentially useful tool for quantifying connected language behaviour, and may be particularly valuable in clinical and research settings where economy of assessment procedures is essential. C1 VA Pittsburgh Healthcare Syst, Ctr Geriatr Res Educ & Clin, Pittsburgh, PA 15206 USA. Univ Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15260 USA. RP Hula, WD (reprint author), VA Pittsburgh Healthcare Syst, Ctr Geriatr Res Educ & Clin, 7180 Highland Dr, Pittsburgh, PA 15206 USA. CR Bayles K. A., 1993, ARIZONA BATTERY COMM Berndt R. S., 2000, QUANTITATIVE PRODUCT BRODSKY M, 2000, AC APH C MONTR CA Brookshire R., 1993, DISCOURSE COMPREHENS Denegar CR, 1993, J SPORT REHABIL, V2, P35 Doyle PJ, 1998, APHASIOLOGY, V12, P561, DOI 10.1080/02687039808249558 Doyle PJ, 2000, APHASIOLOGY, V14, P537 Goodglass H, 1983, ASSESSMENT APHASIA R, V2nd McNeil M. R., 1978, REVISED TOKEN TEST McNeil M. R., 1995, AM J SPEECH-LANG PAT, V4, P76, DOI 10.1044/1058-0360.0404.76 McNeil MR, 2001, APHASIOLOGY, V15, P991 McNeil MR, 2002, APHASIOLOGY, V16, P815, DOI 10.1080/02687030244000284 Nicholas Linda E., 1995, Journal of Speech and Hearing Research, V38, P145 NICHOLAS LE, 1993, J SPEECH HEAR RES, V36, P338 Oelschlaeger ML, 1999, J SPEECH LANG HEAR R, V42, P636 Porch B. E., 1981, PORCH INDEX COMMUNIC Raven JC, 1976, COLOURED PROGR MATRI Ulatowska HK, 1998, APHASIOLOGY, V12, P619, DOI 10.1080/02687039808249562 YORKSTON KM, 1980, J SPEECH HEAR DISORD, V45, P27 NR 19 TC 8 Z9 8 PU PSYCHOLOGY PRESS PI HOVE PA 27 CHURCH RD, HOVE BN3 2FA, EAST SUSSEX, ENGLAND SN 0268-7038 J9 APHASIOLOGY JI Aphasiology PD MAY PY 2003 VL 17 IS 5 BP 523 EP 528 DI 10.1080/02687030344000139 PG 6 WC Clinical Neurology SC Neurosciences & Neurology GA 669DB UT WOS:000182335700010 ER PT J AU Ross, KB Wertz, RT AF Ross, KB Wertz, RT TI Quality of life with and without aphasia SO APHASIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID OF-LIFE; PSYCHOSOCIAL ADJUSTMENT; DISABILITY; SPEECH; STROKE; ADULTS AB Background: Although the social approach to managing aphasia is designed to improve the quality of life (QOL) of the aphasic person, the influence of being aphasic on different facets of QOL is unknown. Aims: To delineate socially valid therapy targets, we examined 24 facets of QOL proposed by the World Health Organisation (WHO) to determine which facets differentiate QOL between aphasic and nonaphasic people. Methods & Procedures: A prospective, observational, non-randomised group design was employed. Two measures-the WHO QOL Instrument, Short Form (WHOQOL-BREF) and the Psychosocial Well-Being Index (PWI)-were administered to 18 adults with chronic aphasia and 18 nonaphasic adults. Indices of determination (ID) and degrees of overlap (DO) were calculated to determine which of the 24 facets were best in differentiating between the aphasic and nonaphasic groups. Outcomes & Results: Facets within three domains-level of independence, social relationships, and environment-were best in distinguishing QOL between the aphasic and nonaphasic groups. Conclusion: Therapy that focuses on situation-specific communication and societal participation appears to be most appropriate for enhancing the QOL of people with chronic aphasia. C1 Carl T Hayden Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Dept Speech Pathol & Audiol, Phoenix, AZ 85012 USA. Arizona State Univ, Tempe, AZ 85287 USA. Dept Vet Affairs Tennessee Valley Healthcare Syst, Nashville, TN USA. Vanderbilt Univ, Sch Med, Nashville, TN 37212 USA. Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Nashville, TN 37212 USA. RP Ross, KB (reprint author), Carl T Hayden Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Dept Speech Pathol & Audiol, CS-126,650 E Indian Sch Rd, Phoenix, AZ 85012 USA. CR ABBERLY P, 1991, SOCIAL WORK DISABLED Artes R, 1976, RECOVERY APHASICS, P31 BERGER R, 1998, J CLIN BAS CARDIOL, V1, P19 Brown M, 1999, MT SINAI J MED, V66, P160 BRUMFITT S, 1993, APHASIOLOGY, V7, P569, DOI 10.1080/02687039308248631 Byng S., 2000, ACQUIRED NEUROGENIC, P49 CARHART R, 1971, J SPEECH HEAR DISORD, V36, P476 CODE C, 1992, CODEMULLER PROTOCOLS DEHAAN R, 1993, STROKE, V24, P1178 DUFFY J, 1993, CLIN APHASIOLOGY, V21, P47 DUFFY JR, 1980, APHASIA APRAXIA AGNO, V2, P1 FINKELSTEIN Victor, 1993, DISABLING BARRIERS E Frattali C, 1995, AM SPEECH LANGUAGE H GILL TM, 1994, JAMA-J AM MED ASSOC, V272, P619, DOI 10.1001/jama.272.8.619 Hemsley G, 1996, DISABIL REHABIL, V18, P567 HERRMANN M, 1989, APHASIOLOGY, V3, P513, DOI 10.1080/02687038908249019 HERRMANN M, 1990, APHASIOLOGY, V4, P527, DOI 10.1080/02687039008248505 HIRSCH FM, 2000, NEUROGENIC COMMUNICA, P35 Holland A. L., 1999, COMMUNICATION ACTIVI Kertesz A., 1982, W APHASIA BATTERY Kinsella G, 1978, MANAGEMENT APHASIA, P26 Power M, 1998, SOC SCI MED, V46, P1569 Lyon JG, 1997, APHASIOLOGY, V11, P693, DOI 10.1080/02687039708249416 MCSWEENY AJ, 1990, NEUROPSYCHOLOGY EVER, P185 Porch B. E., 1967, PORCH INDEX COMMUNIC POUND C, 2001, BEYOND APHASIA THERA, P1 Rosenbek J.C., 1989, APHASIA CLIN APPROAC ROSS KB, 2000, AM SPEECH LANG HEAR Ross KB, 2002, APHASIOLOGY, V16, P791, DOI 10.1080/02687030244000130 SARNO MT, 1993, APHASIOLOGY, V7, P321, DOI 10.1080/02687039308249514 Simmons-Mackie N., 2000, NEUROGENIC COMMUNICA, P162 Sneeuw KCA, 1997, STROKE, V28, P1541 Spilker B, 1996, QUALITY LIFE PHARMAC, P1 SPITZER WO, 1987, J CHRON DIS, V40, P465, DOI 10.1016/0021-9681(87)90002-6 Harper A, 1998, PSYCHOL MED, V28, P551 Veldhuyzen Van Zanten SJ, 1991, CONTROLLED CLIN TRIA, V12, pS234 Orley J, 1996, WORLD HEALTH FORUM, V17, P354 YOUNG MA, 1976, J SPEECH HEAR RES, V19, P5 NR 38 TC 36 Z9 39 PU PSYCHOLOGY PRESS PI HOVE PA 27 CHURCH RD, HOVE BN3 2FA, EAST SUSSEX, ENGLAND SN 0268-7038 J9 APHASIOLOGY JI Aphasiology PD APR PY 2003 VL 17 IS 4 BP 355 EP 364 DI 10.1080/02687030244000716 PG 10 WC Clinical Neurology SC Neurosciences & Neurology GA 667LP UT WOS:000182233900003 ER PT J AU Hilari, K Wiggins, RD Roy, P Byng, S Smith, SC AF Hilari, K Wiggins, RD Roy, P Byng, S Smith, SC TI Predictors of health-related quality of life (HRQL) in people with chronic aphasia SO APHASIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID COLORED-PROGRESSIVE-MATRICES; OF-LIFE; STROKE PATIENTS; COGNITIVE IMPAIRMENT; ISCHEMIC STROKE; SURVIVORS; REINTEGRATION; SATISFACTION; INSTRUMENTS; HANDICAP AB Background: In recent years, quality of life measures have been used increasingly to evaluate the effectiveness of services or interventions. For people with chronic disabilities, research has focused on identifying the main predictors of their health-related quality of life (HRQL), in order to address the issue of how to meet their needs in rehabilitation in a more holistic way. Aims: This study assessed the main predictors of HRQL in people with chronic aphasia following stroke. We investigated the relationship between HRQL and various demographic and stroke-related variables and other variables that have been associated with HRQL in stroke survivors (e.g., emotional distress, daily activities, social support). Methods: A cross-sectional design was adopted. A cluster sampling framework was used to recruit participants with chronic aphasia (>1 year) from three different sites. Questionnaires and assessments on the different variables were administered to all participants by a speech and language therapist, in an interview format. Multiple regression analysis was used to assess what were the main predictors of HRQL in people with aphasia. Results: Of 95 participants, 83 (87%) were able to self-report on all the assessments. Emotional distress, involvement in home and outdoors activities, extent of communication disability, and number of comorbid conditions explained 52% of the variance in HRQL (adjusted R-2 =.52). Stroke type (infarct vs haemorrhage), time post-onset, and demographic variables (gender, ethnicity, marital status, employment status, and socioeconomic status) were not significantly associated with HRQL in these participants. Conclusions: Increased distress, reduced involvement in activities, increased communication disability, and comorbidity predict poorer HRQL in people with chronic aphasia after stroke. Service providers need to take these factors into account when designing intervention programmes. C1 City Univ London, Dept Language & Commun Sci, London EC1V 0HB, England. Connect Commun Disabil Network, London, England. London Sch Hyg & Trop Med, London WC1, England. RP Hilari, K (reprint author), City Univ London, Dept Language & Commun Sci, Northampton Sq, London EC1V 0HB, England. CR AHLSIO B, 1984, STROKE, V15, P886 ANGELERI F, 1993, STROKE, V24, P1478 HERRMAN H, 1993, QUAL LIFE RES, V2, P153 [Anonymous], 1999, SPSS BAS 10 0 APPL G ASTROM M, 1992, CEREBROVASC DIS, V2, P28, DOI 10.1159/000108984 ASTROM M, 1992, STROKE, V23, P527 BERZON R, 1993, QUAL LIFE RES, V2, P367, DOI 10.1007/BF00422214 Bethoux F, 1999, AM J PHYS MED REHAB, V78, P19, DOI 10.1097/00002060-199901000-00006 BULLINGER M, 1993, QUAL LIFE RES, V2, P451, DOI 10.1007/BF00422219 Byng S., 2000, ACQUIRED NEUROLOGICA Clarke PJ, 1999, DISABIL REHABIL, V21, P116, DOI 10.1080/096382899297855 Cruice M., 2000, ASIA PACIFIC J SPEEC, V5, P85 Cruice M., 2000, ASIA PACIFIC J SPEEC, V5, P1 Jonkman EJ, 1998, ACTA NEUROL SCAND, V98, P169 DEHAAN R, 1993, STROKE, V24, P1178 DEHAAN RJ, 1995, STROKE, V26, P402 Dennis M, 1997, BRIT MED J, V314, P1071 Dennis M, 2000, J NEUROL NEUROSUR PS, V68, P47, DOI 10.1136/jnnp.68.1.47 Dorman PJ, 1999, STROKE, V30, P2146 Duncan PW, 1997, STROKE, V28, P740 EBRAHIM S, 1986, J EPIDEMIOL COMMUN H, V40, P166, DOI 10.1136/jech.40.2.166 Enderby P. M., 1987, FRENCHAY APHASIA SCR FERRANS C, 1985, ADV NURS SCI, V8, P24 FOSTER A, 1996, BRIT MED J, V312, P1642 Frattali C. M., 1995, FUNCTIONAL ASSESSMEN FREY WD, 1984, FUNCTIONAL ASSESSMEN Goldberg D, 1972, DETECTION PSYCHIAT I Goldberg D. P., 1988, USERS GUIDE GEN HLTH Goodglass H, 1983, ASSESSMENT APHASIA R, V2nd Hackett ML, 2000, STROKE, V31, P440 HAYS RD, 1993, QUAL LIFE RES, V2, P441, DOI 10.1007/BF00422218 Hemsley G, 1996, DISABIL REHABIL, V18, P567 HILARI K, 2002, THESIS CITY U LONDON HILARI K, 2000, QUAL LIFE RES, V9, P285 Hilari K, 2001, INT J LANG COMM DIS, V36, P86 Hochstenbach J B, 1996, Ned Tijdschr Geneeskd, V140, P1182 Hoen B, 1997, APHASIOLOGY, V11, P681, DOI 10.1080/02687039708249415 Keith RA, 1987, ADV CLIN REHABILITAT, P6 Kertesz A., 1982, W APHASIA BATTERY King RB, 1996, STROKE, V27, P1467 KNAPP P, 1999, STROKE, V30, P938 Kwa VIH, 1996, J NEUROL, V243, P599, DOI 10.1007/BF00900948 LAWRENCE L, 1979, AGE AGEING, V8, P167, DOI 10.1093/ageing/8.3.167 LAWTON MP, 1975, J GERONTOL, V1, P89 LEDORZE G, 1995, APHASIOLOGY, V9, P239 Lofgren B, 1999, STROKE, V30, P567 Lyon JG, 1997, APHASIOLOGY, V11, P693, DOI 10.1080/02687039708249416 Maclean N, 2000, BRIT MED J, V321, P1051, DOI 10.1136/bmj.321.7268.1051 MAYOU R, 1993, BRIT HEART J, V69, P460 Menard S, 1995, APPL LOGISTIC REGRES Neau JP, 1998, CEREBROVASC DIS, V8, P296, DOI 10.1159/000015869 *NHS EX, 1999, CLIN GOV NEW NHS *NHS EX, 1996, PROM CLIN EFF FRAM A NIEMI ML, 1988, STROKE, V19, P1101 OSBERG JS, 1988, AM J PHYS MED REHAB, V67, P94, DOI 10.1097/00002060-198806000-00002 Parr S., 1997, TALKING APHASIA PATRICK DL, 1993, QUALITY OF LIFE ASSESSMENT : KEY ISSUES IN THE 1990S, P11 POUND C, 2000, BEYOND APHASIA THERA Raven J, 2000, STANDARD PROGR MATRI Raven J., 1962, COLOURED PROGRESSIVE Robinson R G, 1999, Int Psychogeriatr, V11, P375, DOI 10.1017/S1041610299005992 ROSE D., 1997, CONSTRUCTING CLASSES ROTH M, 1986, BRIT J PSYCHIAT, V149, P698, DOI 10.1192/bjp.149.6.698 Royal College of Physicians, 2000, NAT CLIN GUID STROK Sarno MT, 1997, APHASIOLOGY, V11, P665, DOI 10.1080/02687039708249414 SHERBOURNE CD, 1991, SOC SCI MED, V32, P705, DOI 10.1016/0277-9536(91)90150-B Smits CHM, 1997, J CLIN PSYCHOL, V53, P687, DOI 10.1002/(SICI)1097-4679(199711)53:7<687::AID-JCLP6>3.0.CO;2-F Sneeuw KCA, 1997, STROKE, V28, P1541 Stevens J, 1992, APPL MULTIVARIATE ST, V2nd Tabachnick B., 2001, USING MULTIVARIATE S TUOMILEHTO J, 1995, STROKE, V26, P971 TURNER RR, 1990, QUALITY LIFE ASSESSM, P247 Vieweg B. W., 1983, J OPER PSYCHIATR, V14, P74 VIITANEN M, 1988, SCAND J REHABIL MED, V20, P17 VILLARDITA C, 1985, CORTEX, V21, P627 Wade D T, 1985, Int Rehabil Med, V7, P176 WENGER NK, 1984, AM J CARDIOL, V54, P908, DOI 10.1016/S0002-9149(84)80232-5 Wilkinson PR, 1997, QUAL HEALTH CARE, V6, P125, DOI 10.1136/qshc.6.3.125 Williams LS, 1999, STROKE, V30, P1362 WOODDAUPHINEE S, 1987, J CHRON DIS, V40, P491, DOI 10.1016/0021-9681(87)90005-1 WOODDAUPHINEE SL, 1988, ARCH PHYS MED REHAB, V69, P583 Wyller TB, 1998, STROKE, V29, P363 NR 82 TC 43 Z9 44 PU PSYCHOLOGY PRESS PI HOVE PA 27 CHURCH RD, HOVE BN3 2FA, EAST SUSSEX, ENGLAND SN 0268-7038 J9 APHASIOLOGY JI Aphasiology PD APR PY 2003 VL 17 IS 4 BP 365 EP 381 DI 10.1080/02687030244000725 PG 17 WC Clinical Neurology SC Neurosciences & Neurology GA 667LP UT WOS:000182233900004 ER PT J AU Engell, B Hutter, BO Willmes, K Huber, W AF Engell, B Hutter, BO Willmes, K Huber, W TI Quality of life in aphasia: Validation of a pictorial self-rating procedure SO APHASIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID SICKNESS IMPACT PROFILE; OF-LIFE; STROKE SURVIVORS; METAANALYSIS; VALIDITY; SCALES; STATE AB Methods & Procedures: Quality of life was assessed for stroke patients with aphasia in postacute and chronic stages by means of the Aachen Life Quality Inventory (ALQI), a German adaptation of the Sickness Impact Profile (SIP). A modified written version of the ALQI was given to relatives, and a newly developed pictorial version designed to minimise language demands was given to aphasic patients. Ratings of 24 patient-relative pairs were assessed. Outcomes & Results: Overall the two versions were found to be highly parallel and internally consistent, and they could be separated equally well along physical and psychosocial dimensions. In addition to rating complaints, patients were asked to score the burden caused by them; high intercorrelations between complaints and burden were found. The physical subscore was influenced by presence and degree of hemiparesis, and the psychosocial subscore by patients' mood state as rated by the relatives. Age had an impact on relatives' ratings of language and cognition as well as on physical functions. Patients and relatives differed in rating of psychosocial and cognitive complaints. Relatives took a more functional perspective, patient ratings were more dependent upon degree and quality of the aphasic impairment. C1 Univ Technol RWTH, Dept Neurol, Sect Neurolinguist, D-52074 Aachen, Germany. RP Huber, W (reprint author), Univ Technol RWTH, Dept Neurol, Sect Neurolinguist, D-52074 Aachen, Germany. CR Aaronson N K, 1988, Oncology (Williston Park), V2, P69 Allison PJ, 1997, SOC SCI MED, V45, P221, DOI 10.1016/S0277-9536(96)00339-5 BERGNER M, 1981, MED CARE, V19, P787, DOI 10.1097/00005650-198108000-00001 Borg I., 1992, GRUNDLAGEN ERGEBNISS Carod-Artal J, 2000, STROKE, V31, P2995 Damiano AM, 1996, SICKNESS IMPACT PROF DEHAAN R, 1993, STROKE, V24, P320 DEHAAN RJ, 1995, STROKE, V26, P402 Emerson J, 1995, DOES SPEECH LANGUAGE FLANAGAN JC, 1982, ARCH PHYS MED REHAB, V63, P56 GRANGER CV, 1993, ARCH PHYS MED REHAB, V74, P133 GREENER J, 2002, COCHRANE LIB Hoen B, 1997, APHASIOLOGY, V11, P681, DOI 10.1080/02687039708249415 Huber W., 1985, PROGR APHASIOLOGY, P291 Huber W., 1993, WORLD PERSPECTIVES A, P55 Huber W., 1983, AACHENER APHASIE TES Hutter BO, 1997, PSYCHOL HEALTH, V12, P149, DOI 10.1080/08870449708407396 HUTTER BO, 1996, BEFUNDERHEBUNG PSYCH, P83 Hutter BO., 2001, COMPENDIUM QUALITY L KATZ S, 1987, J CHRON DIS, V40, P459, DOI 10.1016/0021-9681(87)90001-4 Kim P, 1999, QUAL LIFE RES, V8, P293, DOI 10.1023/A:1008927431300 King RB, 1996, STROKE, V27, P1467 Lingoes J.C., 1979, GEOMETRIC REPRESENTA McNair DM, 1971, MANUAL PROFILE MOOD NIEMI ML, 1988, STROKE, V19, P1101 Orley J, 1994, QUALITY LIFE ASSESSM Parker CJ, 1997, DISABIL REHABIL, V19, P1 PEARSON VAH, 1995, PUBLIC HEALTH, V109, P143, DOI 10.1016/S0033-3506(05)80008-3 POECK K, 1989, J SPEECH HEAR DISORD, V54, P471 ROBEY RR, 1994, BRAIN LANG, V47, P582, DOI 10.1006/brln.1994.1060 Robey RR, 1998, J SPEECH LANG HEAR R, V41, P172 Sarno MT, 1997, APHASIOLOGY, V11, P665, DOI 10.1080/02687039708249414 SPITZER WO, 1987, J CHRON DIS, V40, P465, DOI 10.1016/0021-9681(87)90002-6 Stern RA, 1997, APHASIOLOGY, V11, P59, DOI 10.1080/02687039708248455 VISSER MC, 1996, MEASUREMENT QUALITY ZRAICK RI, 1991, J SPEECH HEAR RES, V34, P123 NR 36 TC 21 Z9 21 PU PSYCHOLOGY PRESS PI HOVE PA 27 CHURCH RD, HOVE BN3 2FA, EAST SUSSEX, ENGLAND SN 0268-7038 J9 APHASIOLOGY JI Aphasiology PD APR PY 2003 VL 17 IS 4 BP 383 EP 396 DI 10.1080/02687030244000734 PG 14 WC Clinical Neurology SC Neurosciences & Neurology GA 667LP UT WOS:000182233900005 ER PT J AU Avent, JR Austermann, S AF Avent, JR Austermann, S TI Reciprocal scaffolding: A context for communication treatment in aphasia SO APHASIOLOGY LA English DT Article AB Background: The goal of social approaches to aphasia treatment is to improve life quality. This study explored the potential therapeutic value of increasing participation in life through natural language use with communicative partners during shared learning activities. Reciprocal Scaffolding Treatment (RST), based on an apprenticeship model of learning where novices are taught skills by a more skilled partner, was developed to provide an individual with aphasia an opportunity to use pre-stroke knowledge and vocabulary during teaching interactions. Aims: The purposes of the study were to determine whether an individual with aphasia in the role as a teacher would improve language production and whether changes in quality of life were evident as a result of the experience. Methods & Procedures: A descriptive case study approach was used to compare RST and peer discourse group treatment. The participant was a former physicist with moderate aphasia. He was placed in a preschool classroom to teach science to 4- and 5-year-old children. Correct information unit (CIU) analysis and type token ratio (TTR) scores were used to compare language samples. Journal entries were used to document psychosocial and quality of life changes. Outcomes & Results: Results indicated better verbal word retrieval skills within the classroom (RST) as compared to discourse group treatment. While involved in the teaching experience, the participant's lesson plans improved in detail and clarity. Journal entries showed improvements in quality of life. Conclusions: These findings show how the re-application of prestroke vocational skills can enhance quality of life and improve language performance. While these results support a social approach to aphasia treatment, additional research is needed. C1 Calif State Univ Hayward, Hayward, CA 94542 USA. RP Avent, JR (reprint author), Calif State Univ Hayward, Hayward, CA 94542 USA. CR AVENT J, 1997, MAN COOP GROUP TREAT Bruner J. S., 1983, CHILDS TALK LEARNING BYNG S, 2000, ACQUIRED NEUROGENIC Chapey R., 2000, ASHA LEADER, V5, P4 Chapey R, 2001, LANGUAGE INTERVENTIO FRIEDMAN MI, 1997, IMPROVING QUALITY LI FRIEDRICH DD, 2002, SUCCESSFUL AGING INT Kertesz A., 1982, W APHASIA BATTERY Lapointe Leonard L., 1999, Seminars in Speech and Language, V20, P5, DOI 10.1055/s-2008-1064005 LYON JG, 2001, LANGUAGE INTERVENTIO Lyon JG, 1999, APHASIOLOGY, V13, P689, DOI 10.1080/026870399401795 Malvern D. D., 1997, EVOLVING MODELS LANG NICHOLAS LE, 1993, J SPEECH HEAR RES, V36, P338 Parr S., 1997, TALKING APHASIA LIVI Retherford K., 1993, GUIDE ANAL LANGUAGE Rogoff B, 2001, LEARNING TOGETHER CH Rogoff Barbara, 1990, APPRENTICESHIP THINK SIMMONSMACKIE N, 2001, LANGUAGE INTERVENTIO Templin M., 1957, CERTAIN LANGUAGE SKI WACHAL RS, 1973, LANG SPEECH, V16, P169 Wepman J M, 1976, ASHA, V18, P131 NR 21 TC 10 Z9 11 PU PSYCHOLOGY PRESS PI HOVE PA 27 CHURCH RD, HOVE BN3 2FA, EAST SUSSEX, ENGLAND SN 0268-7038 J9 APHASIOLOGY JI Aphasiology PD APR PY 2003 VL 17 IS 4 BP 397 EP 404 DI 10.1080/02687030244000743 PG 8 WC Clinical Neurology SC Neurosciences & Neurology GA 667LP UT WOS:000182233900006 ER PT J AU Sorin-Peters, R AF Sorin-Peters, R TI Viewing couples living with aphasia as adult learners: Implications for promoting quality of life SO APHASIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID FAMILY-THERAPY; COMMUNICATION AB Background: Current interventions for addressing the psychosocial consequences of aphasia have been based on professionally driven constructs as opposed to insider accounts of aphasia. An adult learning approach offers the possibility of developing a programme for individuals with aphasia and their families that involves a more holistic and person-centred approach. This approach offers insights about promoting the quality of life of couples living with aphasia. Aims: The primary objective of this paper is to discuss the implications of adopting an adult learning approach in promoting the quality of life of couples living with chronic aphasia. This paper outlines current interventions for addressing the psychosocial consequences of aphasia. It describes an innovative approach of working with couples with aphasia that explicitly integrates adult education principles and strategies. The basic assumption of this approach is that learning begins with the learner, as opposed to the therapist or treatment plan. Main Contribution: The main contribution of this paper is to outline an alternative approach to intervention that is based on an adult learning model. This approach suggests that improving quality of life for couples living with aphasia involves more than simply promoting increased participation in conversation. Placing the learner in the central role results in intervetion goals that encompass emotional and marital issues, as well as communication. Conclusions: The implications of the adult learning approach on promoting quality of life in the area of emotions, marital issues, and communication outcomes are discussed. Implications of this approach on the role of the speech-language pathologist are also examined. RP Sorin-Peters, R (reprint author), 190 Winding Lane, Thornhill, ON L4J 5J2, Canada. EM rsorinpeters@rogers.com CR ALARCON N, 1997, NONTR APPR APH C YOU BOSS P, 1991, LIVING BEYOND LOSS D Brookfield S., 1990, SKILLFUL TEACHER BYNG S, 2000, ACQUIRED NEUROGENIC Calman KC, 1987, QUALITY LIFE CANC PA Canary D. J., 1994, COMMUNICATION RELATI CANARY DJ, 1992, COMMUN MONOGR, V59, P242 Chapey R., 2000, ASHA LEADER, V5, P4 Gainotti G, 1997, APHASIOLOGY, V11, P635, DOI 10.1080/02687039708249412 HELMICK JW, 1976, J SPEECH HEAR DISORD, V41, P238 HERMANN M, 1997, APHASIOLOGY, V11, P717 HOLLAND A, 2000, COUNSELLING INDIVIDU HUNT DE, 1987, OURSELVES PRACTICE T Johannsen-Horbach Helga, 1999, Seminars in Speech and Language, V20, P73, DOI 10.1055/s-2008-1064010 KAGAN A, 1999, THESIS U TORONTO King RB, 1996, STROKE, V27, P1467 Knowles M., 1973, ADULT LEARNER NEGLEC Kolb D. A., 1984, EXPT LEARNING EXPERI Lapointe Leonard L., 1999, Seminars in Speech and Language, V20, P5, DOI 10.1055/s-2008-1064005 LaPointe LL, 2000, BRAIN LANG, V71, P135, DOI 10.1006/brln.1999.2233 LEDORZE G, 1995, APHASIOLOGY, V9, P239 LINEBAUGH CW, 1978, CLIN APH C P LUTERMAN D, 1995, SHADOWS LIVING COPIN Lyon JG, 1997, APHASIOLOGY, V11, P693, DOI 10.1080/02687039708249416 Nichols F, 1996, APHASIOLOGY, V10, P767, DOI 10.1080/02687039608248449 OLSWANG L, 1998, UNPUB TREATING DISAB Parr S, 2001, FOLIA PHONIATR LOGO, V53, P266, DOI 10.1159/000052681 SIMMONS NN, 1989, CLIN APH C P SORINPETERS R, 2003, UNPUB EVALUATION LEA SORINPETERS R, 2002, THESIS U TORONTO CAN SPILKER B., 1990, QUALITY LIFE ASSESSM WAHRBORG P, 1989, APHASIOLOGY, V3, P93, DOI 10.1080/02687038908248978 Wilkinson IAG, 1998, READ RES QUART, V33, P144, DOI 10.1598/RRQ.33.2.1 WILLIAMS SE, 1993, ARCH PHYSICAL MED RE, V74, P3611 NR 34 TC 10 Z9 10 PU PSYCHOLOGY PRESS PI HOVE PA 27 CHURCH RD, HOVE BN3 2FA, EAST SUSSEX, ENGLAND SN 0268-7038 J9 APHASIOLOGY JI Aphasiology PD APR PY 2003 VL 17 IS 4 BP 405 EP 416 DI 10.1080/02687030244000752 PG 12 WC Clinical Neurology SC Neurosciences & Neurology GA 667LP UT WOS:000182233900007 ER PT J AU Conley, A Coelho, CA AF Conley, A Coelho, CA TI Treatment of word retrieval impairment in chronic Broca's aphasia SO APHASIOLOGY LA English DT Article AB Background: The present study describes a treatment approach that was applied to improve word retrieval for an individual with chronic Broca's aphasia. The procedure combined elements of loose training with aspects of structured treatment. Treatment involved presentation of semantic cues according to semantic feature analysis [SFA] (Boyle & Coelho, 1995), as well as a forward chaining technique as in response elaboration training [RET] (Kearns, 1985). The technique was intended to elicit the targeted response by activating a semantic network without inhibiting related or creative responses. Aims: The purpose was to investigate whether the combined SFA-RET treatment approach would improve naming accuracy of object noun pictures. This study also focused on an issue related to degradation in word retrieval, but instead of frequency of occurrence the focus was familiarity. Familiarity was based on to how often the individual with aphasia encountered the object nouns in her everyday life. Methods & Procedures: The individual studied, LP, was a 57-year-old, right-handed female who was 8 years post-onset of a left cerebrovascular accident and demonstrated a moderate to severe Broca's aphasia. LP's naming scores were consistent with a severe impairment and the majority of her paraphasic errors were semantic in nature. Treatment materials consisted of 30 photographs of object nouns, of which 15 represented "high-familiarity" objects and 15 represented "low-familiarity". The 30 pictures were divided into three sets of 10 pictures. Each set consisted of five high- and five low-familiarity objects. Two sets of pictures were designated as treatment stimuli and the third as the control set. The treatment programme was carried out in an ABA single subject design. After the baseline phase the individual with aphasia was treated for 3 hours per week for 6 weeks and was seen for three follow-up sessions 6 weeks later. Outcomes & Results: Results indicated that the combined SFA-RET treatment resulted in improved naming of the treatment pictures as well as the untreated control pictures. In addition, during the treatment phase naming accuracy and consistency were greater for the high-familiarity than the low-familiarity objects. During the follow-up phase it was noted that the treatment effect was maintained at a higher level for the treatment pictures than for the control pictures. A similar trend was observed for the high- versus the low-familiarity words. Conclusions: These findings indicate that the combined treatment approach described was effective in improving this individual's word retrieval of object nouns. However, it is unclear whether the combined approach was necessary or what the individual contributions of each approach were to the final outcome. Finally, it appeared that LP was able to generate semantic features associated with the high-familiarity words and name the stimulus pictures more easily than the low-familiarity words, perhaps because of her regular contact with those objects in her daily life. This finding supports the contention that personalising treatment stimuli can be an important adjunct to any treatment task. C1 Univ Connecticut, Dept Commun Sci, Unit 1085, Storrs, CT 06269 USA. Hosp Special Care, New Britain, CT USA. RP Coelho, CA (reprint author), Univ Connecticut, Dept Commun Sci, Unit 1085, Storrs, CT 06269 USA. CR BADECKER W, 1995, COGNITION, V34, P205 Boyle M., 1995, AM J SPEECH-LANG PAT, V4, P94 CARAMAZZA A, 1990, CORTEX, V26, P95 Coelho CA, 2000, APHASIOLOGY, V14, P133 DELL GS, 1986, PSYCHOL REV, V93, P283, DOI 10.1037//0033-295X.93.3.283 Drew RL, 1999, J SPEECH LANG HEAR R, V42, P972 DUFFY JR, 2000, LANGUAGE INTERVENTIO Kearns K. P., 1985, CLIN APHASIOLOGY, P196 Kertesz A., 1982, W APHASIA BATTERY LEDORZE G, 1994, APHASIOLOGY, V8, P127 LEVELT WJM, 1992, COGNITION, V42, P1, DOI 10.1016/0010-0277(92)90038-J Nettleton J., 1991, J NEUROLINGUIST, V6, P139, DOI 10.1016/0911-6044(91)90004-3 Sarno M., 1981, ACQUIRED APHASIA THOMPSON C, 1994, LANGUAGE INTERVENTIO WILSHIRE CE, 2000, APHASIA LANGUAGE THE NR 15 TC 19 Z9 19 PU PSYCHOLOGY PRESS PI HOVE PA 27 CHURCH RD, HOVE BN3 2FA, EAST SUSSEX, ENGLAND SN 0268-7038 J9 APHASIOLOGY JI Aphasiology PD MAR PY 2003 VL 17 IS 3 BP 203 EP 211 DI 10.1080/02687030244000617 PG 9 WC Clinical Neurology SC Neurosciences & Neurology GA 656MD UT WOS:000181610800001 ER PT J AU Schneider, SL Thompson, CK AF Schneider, SL Thompson, CK TI Verb production in agrammatic aphasia: The influence of semantic class and argument structure properties on generalisation SO APHASIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID SPREADING-ACTIVATION THEORY; BRAIN-DAMAGED SUBJECTS; SENTENCE PRODUCTION; SINGLE-SUBJECT; RETRIEVAL; REPRESENTATION; COMPREHENSION; RELEVANT; LANGUAGE; DESIGN AB Background: Some individuals with agrammatic aphasia have difficulty producing verbs when naming and generating sentences (Miceli, Silveri, Villa, & Caramazza, 1984; Saffran, Schwartz, Marin, 1980; Zingeser & Berndt, 1990). And when verbs are produced there is an over-reliance on verbs requiring simple argument structure arrangements (Thompson, Lange, Schneider, Shapiro, 1997; Thompson, Shapiro, Schneider, & Tait, 1994). Verbs, as argument-taking elements, show especially complex semantic and argument structure properties. This study investigated the role these properties have on verb production in individuals with agrammatic aphasia. Aim: This treatment study examined the extent to which semantic class and argument structure properties of verbs influenced the ability of seven individuals with agrammatic Broca's aphasia to retrieve verbs and then use them in correct sentence production. Verbs from two semantic classes and two argument structure categories were trained using either a semantic or an argument structure verb retrieval treatment. Specifically, acquisition and generalisation to trained and untrained verbs within and across semantic and argument structure categories was examined. In addition, the influence of verb production on each participant's sentence production was also examined. Methods & Procedures: Utilising a single-subject crossover design in combination with a multiple baseline design across subjects and behaviours, seven individuals with agrammatic aphasia were trained to retrieve verbs with specific argument structures from two semantic classes under two treatment conditions-semantic verb retrieval treatment and verb argument structure retrieval treatment. Treatment was provided on two-place and three-place motion or change of state verbs, counterbalanced across subjects and behaviours. A total of 102 verbs, depicted in black and white drawings, were utilised in the study, divided equally into motion and change of state verbs (semantic classes) and one-place, two-place, and three-place verbs (argument structure arrangements). Verbs were controlled for syllable length, picturability, phonological complexity, and frequency. These same stimulus items were used to elicit the sentence production probe. Outcomes & Results: Both treatments revealed significant effects in facilitating acquisition of verb retrieval in all participants. Minimal within and across verb category generalisation occurred. However, it was found that as retrieval of verbs improved, grammatical sentence production improved. This occurred without direct treatment on sentence production. Conclusions: The results of this study lend support for treatment focused on verb production with individuals with agrammatic aphasia and support the use of linguistic-based treatment strategies. C1 Ohio State Univ, Dept Speech & Hearing Sci, Columbus, OH 43210 USA. Northwestern Univ, Evanston, IL 60208 USA. RP Schneider, SL (reprint author), Ohio State Univ, Dept Speech & Hearing Sci, 110 Pressey Hall,1070 Carmack Rd, Columbus, OH 43210 USA. CR BARLOW DH, 1979, J APPL BEHAV ANAL, V12, P199, DOI 10.1901/jaba.1979.12-199 Berndt RS, 1997, BRAIN LANG, V56, P107 Berndt RS, 1997, BRAIN LANG, V56, P68 Bock Kathryn, 1994, HDB PSYCHOLINGUISTIC, P945 COLLINS AM, 1975, PSYCHOL REV, V82, P407, DOI 10.1037//0033-295X.82.6.407 CONNELL PJ, 1986, J SPEECH HEAR DISORD, V51, P214 DELL GS, 1986, PSYCHOL REV, V93, P283, DOI 10.1037//0033-295X.93.3.283 Francis WN, 1982, FREQUENCY ANAL ENGLI Garrett M., 1980, LANGUAGE PRODUCTION, V1, P177 Garrett M. F., 1975, PSYCHOL LEARN MOTIV, V1, P133, DOI 10.1016/S0079-7421(08)60270-4 Garrett M. F., 1988, LINGUISTICS CAMBRIDG, V3, P69 Gentner Dedre, 1982, LANGUAGE DEV, P301 GLASER WR, 1992, COGNITION, V42, P61, DOI 10.1016/0010-0277(92)90040-O Hale K., 1987, LEXICON PROJECT WORK Hale Kenneth, 1986, LEXICON PROJECT WORK Hovav M. R., 1998, PROJECTION ARGUMENTS, P97 Jackendoff Ray S., 1972, SEMANTIC INTERPRETAT KEGL J, 1995, BRAIN LANG, V50, P151, DOI 10.1006/brln.1995.1044 Kemmerer D, 2000, BRAIN LANG, V73, P347, DOI 10.1006/brln.2000.2311 Kemmerer D, 2000, APHASIOLOGY, V14, P997, DOI 10.1080/02687030050156584 Kertesz A., 1982, W APHASIA BATTERY Kim M, 2000, BRAIN LANG, V74, P1, DOI 10.1006/brin.2000.2315 Kiss K., 2000, GRAMMATICAL DISORDER KOHN SE, 1989, CORTEX, V25, P57 Levelt W. J. M, 1993, LINGUISTIC DISORDERS, P1 Levin Beth, 1992, THEMATIC STRUCTURE I, P247 Levin Beth, 1993, ENGLISH VERB CLASSES Levin Beth, 1995, LINGUISTIC INQUIRY M, V26 Marshall J, 1998, BRAIN LANG, V63, P159, DOI 10.1006/brln.1998.1949 Marslen-Wilson W. D., 1987, SPOKEN WORD RECOGNIT, P71 McReynolds L. V., 1983, SINGLE SUBJECT EXPT MICELI G, 1984, CORTEX, V20, P207 Miller J., 1993, SYSTEMATIC ANAL LANG NEELY JH, 1977, J EXP PSYCHOL GEN, V106, P226, DOI 10.1037//0096-3445.106.3.226 Pinker Steven, 1989, LEARNABILITY COGNITI ROELOFS A, 1992, COGNITION, V42, P107, DOI 10.1016/0010-0277(92)90041-F SAFFRAN EM, 1982, BRIT J PSYCHOL, V73, P317 SAFFRAN EM, 1991, UNPUB PHILADELPHIA C SAFFRAN EM, 1980, BRAIN LANG, V10, P263, DOI 10.1016/0093-934X(80)90056-5 SCHRIEFERS H, 1990, J MEM LANG, V29, P86, DOI 10.1016/0749-596X(90)90011-N SHAPIRO LP, 1990, BRAIN LANG, V38, P21, DOI 10.1016/0093-934X(90)90100-U Shapiro LP, 1997, J SPEECH LANG HEAR R, V40, P254 SHAPIRO LP, 1987, COGNITION, V27, P219, DOI 10.1016/S0010-0277(87)80010-0 SHAPIRO LP, 1992, BRAIN LANG, V42, P431, DOI 10.1016/0093-934X(92)90078-S Thompson C. K., 1995, BRAIN LANG, V51, P124 THOMPSON CK, 1993, CLIN APHASIOLOGY, V23, P56 Thompson CK, 1997, APHASIOLOGY, V11, P473, DOI 10.1080/02687039708248485 THOMPSON CK, 2000, BRIT PSYCH SOC COGN THOMPSON CL, 1994, TENNET 5 C MONTR CAN VERSPOOR M, 1997, LEXICAL SYNTACTICAL ZINGESER LB, 1990, BRAIN LANG, V39, P14, DOI 10.1016/0093-934X(90)90002-X NR 51 TC 26 Z9 26 PU PSYCHOLOGY PRESS PI HOVE PA 27 CHURCH RD, HOVE BN3 2FA, EAST SUSSEX, ENGLAND SN 0268-7038 J9 APHASIOLOGY JI Aphasiology PD MAR PY 2003 VL 17 IS 3 BP 213 EP 241 DI 10.1080/02687030244000635 PG 29 WC Clinical Neurology SC Neurosciences & Neurology GA 656MD UT WOS:000181610800002 ER PT J AU Davidson, B Worrall, L Hickson, L AF Davidson, B Worrall, L Hickson, L TI Identifying the communication activities of older people with aphasia: Evidence from naturalistic observation SO APHASIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID FUNCTIONAL COMMUNICATION; PERSPECTIVE; STRATEGIES AB Background: Increasingly there is a call from clinicians and researchers for measures that document the impact of aphasia on a person's everyday communication. Do existing assessments of communication disability adequately sample communication activities relevant to our clients? Communication skills and networks change with age. A need exists to determine the everyday communication activities of older people and in particular those with aphasia. Aims: The primary aim of this study was to describe and compare the everyday communication activities of older people with aphasia and healthy older people who are living in the community. A secondary aim was to investigate the content validity of the American Speech-Language Hearing Association Functional Assessment of Communication Skills for Adults (ASHA FACS, 1997) for older Australians. Methods & Procedures: Naturalistic observation was the method of choice for detailing the everyday communication of 15 older people with chronic aphasia following stroke and a matched group of 15 healthy older people who were living in the community. Researchers, in the role of participant observer, took field notes for 8 hours, over three occasions within a week. A total of 240 hours of observation have been coded in terms of communication activity, topic, communication partners, and place of communication. A brief 5-day diary served to check the representativeness of the observational data. After each hour of observation, the researcher checked which ASHA FACS items had been observed. Outcomes & Results: Naturalistic observation provided a rich, rigorous, and systematic methodology for detailing the dynamics and complexities of authentic communication. The most common communication activities for both groups were conversations at home and in social groups. Real-life communication was revealed to serve the dual purposes of transaction and interaction. Results indicate that older people with aphasia engage in similar communication activities to healthy older people although differences were evident in the frequency of communication and in specific activities such as story telling, writing, commenting, and acknowledging. ASHA FACS items were generally relevant to older Australians living in the community. Conclusions: This study demonstrated that communication activity is multifaceted in terms of the type of communication and contextual factors. The observational data describe the effects of aphasia on a person's everyday communication activity and reveal the impact of aphasia on the social functions of communication including sharing information, maintaining and establishing relationships, and telling one's story. Functional communication assessment requires a greater focus on the interactional and uniquely interpersonal aspects of social communication. C1 Univ Queensland, Dept Speech Pathol & Audiol, Commun Disabil Ageing Res Unit, Brisbane, Qld 4072, Australia. RP Davidson, B (reprint author), Univ Queensland, Dept Speech Pathol & Audiol, Commun Disabil Ageing Res Unit, Brisbane, Qld 4072, Australia. EM b.davidson@uq.edu.au RI Davidson, Bronwyn/F-8741-2010; Hickson, Louise/F-8748-2010; Worrall, Linda/D-2579-2010 OI Worrall, Linda/0000-0002-3283-7038 CR *ASHA, 1990, FUNCT COMM MEAS PROJ Baltes PB, 1990, SUCCESSFUL AGING PER BIRREN JE, 2000, HIST GEROPSYCHOLOGY Brown G., 1983, DISCOURSE ANAL Byng S., 2000, ACQUIRED NEUROGENIC, P49 CODE C, 2002, CLIN APH C SPRINGF M Creswell JW, 1998, QUALITATIVE INQUIRY DAVIDSON B, 2000, NEUROGENIC COMMUNICA, P19 Elman R. J., 1995, AM J SPEECH-LANG PAT, V4, P115 Enderby P, 1997, THERAPY OUTCOME MEAS Frank AW, 1995, WOUNDED STORYTELLER Frattali C, 1995, AM SPEECH LANGUAGE H Frattali C. M., 1998, MEASURING OUTCOMES S Frattali C M, 1993, Disabil Rehabil, V15, P1 HICKSON LMH, 1995, AUST J AGEING, V14, P89, DOI 10.1111/j.1741-6612.1995.tb00703.x Holland Audrey L., 1998, Seminars in Speech and Language, V19, P249, DOI 10.1055/s-2008-1064048 HOLLAND AL, 1982, J SPEECH HEAR DISORD, V47, P50 Holland A. L., 1999, COMMUNICATION ACTIVI Holmes Janet, 1992, INTRO SOCIOLINGUISTI HOSEK S, 1986, CHARGES OUTCOMES REH Kagan A., 1998, APHASIOLOGY, V11, P693 Kagan A, 1995, TOP STROKE REHABIL, V2, P15 Kagan A., 1993, APHASIA TREATMENT WO, P199 KEARNS KP, 1992, CLIN APHASIOLOGY, V21, P67 Kertesz A., 1982, W APHASIA BATTERY LOMAS J, 1989, J SPEECH HEAR DISORD, V54, P113 Lyon J., 1997, APPROACHES TREATMENT, P203 Lyon J. G., 2000, NEUROGENIC COMMUNICA, P137 Mahoney F, 1965, MD STATE MED J, V14, P62 Maxim J., 1994, LANGUAGE ELDERLY McAdams D. P., 2001, REV GEN PSYCHOL, V5, P100, DOI DOI 10.1037/1089-2680.5.2.100 McDowell I, 1987, MEASURING HLTH GUIDE Parr S., 1997, TALKING APHASIA LIVI Parr S., 2000, NEUROGENIC COMMUNICA, P55 Parr S, 1996, APHASIOLOGY, V10, P469, DOI 10.1080/02687039608248426 POUND C, 2000, APHASIA THERAPIES LI RAMSBERGER G, 2001, APHASIOLOGY, V16, P337 Rice PL, 1999, QUALITATIVE RES METH Riessman C. K., 1993, NARRATIVE ANAL Robson C., 1993, REAL WORLD RES Sarno MT, 1969, FUNCTIONAL COMMUNICA SIMMONS N, 1993, THESIS SIMMONSMACKIE N, 1997, APHASIOLOGY, V8, P761 Simms NJ, 2001, EUR FED CORR PUBL, P246 Simmons-Mackie N., 2000, NEUROGENIC COMMUNICA, P162 SimmonsMackie NN, 1996, DISABIL REHABIL, V18, P540 SimmonsMackie NN, 1995, CLIN APHASIOL, V23, P95 SMITHWORRALL L, 1990, AUSTR J HUMAN COMMUN, V18, P53 Spradley J., 1980, PARTICIPANT OBSERVAT Thompson C., 1998, MEASURING OUTCOMES S, P245 World Health Organisation, 2001, INT CLASS FUNCT DIS Worrall L, 2002, J COMMUN DISORD, V35, P107, DOI 10.1016/S0021-9924(02)00060-6 Worrall L., 2000, NEUROGENIC COMMUNICA WORRALL L, 1992, APHASIOLOGY, V6, P105, DOI 10.1080/02687039208248581 Worrall L., 1995, TREATMENT APHASIA, P47 Worrall L. E., 2003, COMMUNICATION DISABI NR 56 TC 37 Z9 38 PU PSYCHOLOGY PRESS PI HOVE PA 27 CHURCH RD, HOVE BN3 2FA, EAST SUSSEX, ENGLAND SN 0268-7038 J9 APHASIOLOGY JI Aphasiology PD MAR PY 2003 VL 17 IS 3 BP 243 EP 264 DI 10.1080/02687030244000653 PG 22 WC Clinical Neurology SC Neurosciences & Neurology GA 656MD UT WOS:000181610800003 ER PT J AU Inglis, AL AF Inglis, AL TI Taking expectations to task in aphasic sentence comprehension: Investigations of off-line performance SO APHASIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID SHORT-TERM-MEMORY; ASYNTACTIC COMPREHENSION; PROCESSING DEFICITS; THERAPY; COMPLEXITY; AGRAMMATISM; SENSITIVITY; NEUROPSYCHOLOGY; INTERFERENCE; FOUNDATIONS AB Background: A major weakness of off-line assessments of "asyntactic" comprehension is that the task is transparently related to the comprehension performance that is the researcher's interest. Not only might the patient recruit problem-solving strategies, but his/her conception of the task may have confounding effects on performance. Aim: This study investigates the nature of individual differences in two patients' performance on two off-line comprehension tasks (selected for their low task demands) by manipulating task variables. Methods & Procedures: The two single-case studies investigate, in a test-hypothesis-retest experimental design, performance on auditory meaning classification and actor identification. Both participants (NJ and CV) exhibited agrammatism following a stroke, although CV's was milder. McNemar exact (Binomial) probabilities were calculated on non-canonical versus canonical comparisons, whereas the Binomial test and chi(2) probabilities gauged departures from chance. Outcomes & Results: The two patients departed from baseline for different reasons: CV showed unexpected learning, and maintenance of that learning, on one task, despite washout periods; NJ's fall from baseline was only reinstated with manipulation of the instructions in between washout periods, and he failed to generalise to the second task on a subset of the items. Conclusions: It was surmised that strong induction skills in CV made for easy abstraction of "rules" from the sentence stimuli, unlike weak induction skills in NJ which led to bias and failure to detect rules despite feedback on practice items. The findings have relevance for treatment outcomes and extend Berndt and Mitchum's (1998) claim that only minimal intervention is needed for strongly analytical candidates-it may be as minimal as feedback to exemplars. C1 Macquarie Univ, Sydney, NSW 2109, Australia. Rice Univ, Houston, TX 77251 USA. RP Inglis, AL (reprint author), Charles Sturt Univ, Sch Social Sci & Liberal Studies, Panorama Ave, Bathurst, NSW 2795, Australia. CR ANSELL BJ, 1982, BRAIN LANG, V16, P61, DOI 10.1016/0093-934X(82)90072-4 BADDELEY A, 1988, J MEM LANG, V27, P479, DOI 10.1016/0749-596X(88)90021-6 BANDURA A, 1977, PSYCHOL REV, V84, P191, DOI 10.1037//0033-295X.84.2.191 Bandura A, 1997, SELF EFFICACY EXERCI BERNDT RS, 1991, BRAIN, V114, P263 BERNDT RS, 1998, APPROACHES TREATMENT Bishop D. V. M, 1982, TEST RECEPTION GRAMM Black M., 1991, J NEUROLINGUIST, V6, P79, DOI 10.1016/0911-6044(91)90002-Z Breedin SD, 1996, COGNITIVE NEUROPSYCH, V13, P51, DOI 10.1080/026432996382060 BUTTERWORTH B, 1986, Q J EXP PSYCHOL-A, V38, P705 BYNG S, 1988, COGNITIVE NEUROPSYCH, V5, P629, DOI 10.1080/02643298808253277 BYNG S, 1994, APHASIOLOGY, V8, P315, DOI 10.1080/02687039408248663 Caplan D., 1988, DISORDERS SYNTACTIC CAPLAN D, 1986, BRAIN LANG, V27, P117, DOI 10.1016/0093-934X(86)90008-8 CARAMAZZA A, 1981, BRAIN LANG, V14, P235, DOI 10.1016/0093-934X(81)90078-X Code C, 2001, BRAIN LANG, V77, P25, DOI 10.1006/brln.2000.2420 CUPPLES L, 1993, COGNITIVE NEUROPSYCH, V10, P201, DOI 10.1080/02643299308253461 Dabul B. L., 1979, APRAXIA BATTERY ADUL DERENZI E, 1978, CORTEX, V14, P41 DUNN LM, 1981, MANUAL FORMS L M PEA Evans J. St. B. T., 1989, BIAS HUMAN REASONING FORD M, 1983, J VERB LEARN VERB BE, V22, P203, DOI 10.1016/S0022-5371(83)90156-1 FORSTER KI, 1973, COGNITION, V2, P319 FRAZIER L, 1991, BRAIN LANG, V40, P51, DOI 10.1016/0093-934X(91)90116-I Frazier L, 1998, J PSYCHOLINGUIST RES, V27, P123, DOI 10.1023/A:1023241830722 Gibson E, 1998, COGNITION, V68, P1, DOI 10.1016/S0010-0277(98)00034-1 Goodglass H, 1983, ASSESSMENT APHASIA R, V2nd Goodglass H, 1972, Cortex, V8, P191 Gordon PC, 2001, J EXP PSYCHOL LEARN, V27, P1411, DOI 10.1037//0278-7393.27.6.1411 GRODZINSKY Y, 1986, BRAIN LANG, V27, P135, DOI 10.1016/0093-934X(86)90009-X HAARMANN HJ, 1994, BRAIN LANG, V46, P493, DOI 10.1006/brln.1994.1028 HAENDIGES AN, 1996, BRAIN LANG, V52, P275 HAKES DT, 1976, MEM COGNITION, V4, P283, DOI 10.3758/BF03213177 HAMBURGER H, 1984, COGNITION, V17, P85, DOI 10.1016/0010-0277(84)90015-5 Heit E, 2000, PSYCHON B REV, V7, P569, DOI 10.3758/BF03212996 HICKOK G, 1995, BRAIN LANG, V50, P10, DOI 10.1006/brln.1995.1038 HOLMES VM, 1981, J VERB LEARN VERB BE, V20, P417, DOI 10.1016/S0022-5371(81)90533-8 Holyoak K. J., 1988, PSYCHOL HUMAN THOUGH, P50 Inglis AL, 1999, J NEUROLINGUIST, V12, P41, DOI 10.1016/S0911-6044(99)00003-2 Jacobs BJ, 2000, J SPEECH LANG HEAR R, V43, P5 JEPSON C, 1993, RULES REASONING Johnson-Laird P. N., 1988, PSYCHOL HUMAN THOUGH, P429 JONES EV, 1984, ADV NEUROLOGY, V42 JONES EV, 1986, BRIT J DISORD COMMUN, V21, P63 Kaplan E, 1983, BOSTON NAMING TEST Kazdin A. E., 1982, SINGLE CASE RES DESI KEMPER S, 1993, ADULT INFORMATION PR, P489 Kertesz A., 1982, W APHASIA BATTERY KILBORN KW, 1994, NEUROPSYCHOLOGY, V8, P83 KLAYMAN J, 1987, PSYCHOL REV, V94, P211, DOI 10.1037//0033-295X.94.2.211 Lewis RL, 1996, J PSYCHOLINGUIST RES, V25, P93, DOI 10.1007/BF01708421 LINEBARGER MC, 1983, COGNITION, V13, P361, DOI 10.1016/0010-0277(83)90015-X MARSHALL J, 1993, APHASIOLOGY, V7, P177, DOI 10.1080/02687039308249505 Marshall J, 1997, APHASIOLOGY, V11, P855, DOI 10.1080/02687039708250461 MARTIN RC, 1993, MEM COGNITION, V21, P176, DOI 10.3758/BF03202730 MCELREE B, 1989, J PSYCHOLINGUIST RES, V18, P21, DOI 10.1007/BF01069044 McNeil M. R., 1978, REVISED TOKEN TEST MITCHUM CC, 1995, COGNITIVE NEUROPSYCH, V12, P503, DOI 10.1080/02643299508252006 MIYAKE A, 1995, COGNITIVE NEUROPSYCH, V12, P651, DOI 10.1080/02643299508252012 MIYAKE A, 1994, COGNITIVE NEUROPSYCH, V11, P671, DOI 10.1080/02643299408251989 NICKELS L, 1991, BRIT J DISORD COMMUN, V26, P175 OSTRIN RK, 1995, COGNITIVE NEUROPSYCH, V12, P345, DOI 10.1080/02643299508252002 ROSENTHAL V, 1997, J PSYCHOLINGUISTIC R, V26, P537 SAFFRAN EM, 1989, BRAIN LANG, V37, P440, DOI 10.1016/0093-934X(89)90030-8 Saffran EM, 1998, BRAIN LANG, V62, P255, DOI 10.1006/brln.1997.1918 SAFFRAN EM, 1988, APHASIOLOGY, V2, P389, DOI 10.1080/02687038808248943 SCHWARTZ MF, 1994, APHASIOLOGY, V8, P19, DOI 10.1080/02687039408248639 Smith E. M., 1997, TRAINING RAPIDLY CHA, P89, DOI 10.1037/10260-004 SMITH WD, 1995, J MATH PSYCHOL, V39, P82, DOI 10.1006/jmps.1995.1007 Vallar G, 1990, NEUROPSYCHOLOGICAL I WATERS G, 1991, COGNITIVE NEUROPSYCH, V8, P81, DOI 10.1080/02643299108253368 ZINGESER LB, 1990, BRAIN LANG, V39, P14, DOI 10.1016/0093-934X(90)90002-X NR 72 TC 5 Z9 5 PU PSYCHOLOGY PRESS PI HOVE PA 27 CHURCH RD, HOVE BN3 2FA, EAST SUSSEX, ENGLAND SN 0268-7038 J9 APHASIOLOGY JI Aphasiology PD MAR PY 2003 VL 17 IS 3 BP 265 EP 289 DI 10.1080/02687030244000662 PG 25 WC Clinical Neurology SC Neurosciences & Neurology GA 656MD UT WOS:000181610800004 ER PT J AU Doyle, PJ McNeil, MR Hula, WD AF Doyle, PJ McNeil, MR Hula, WD TI The Burden of Stroke Scale (BOSS): Validating patient-reported communication difficulty and associated psychological distress in stroke survivors SO APHASIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID QUALITY-OF-LIFE; HEALTH; SYMPTOMS AB Background: The Burden of Stroke Scale (BOSS) (Doyle et al., 2002) is a health-status assessment instrument designed to measure patient-reported difficulty in multiple domains of functioning, psychological distress associated with specific functional limitations, and general well-being in stroke survivors. Aims: This study was designed to examine the discriminative and concurrent validity of the BOSS Communication Difficulty (CD) and Communication-Associated Psychological Distress (CAPD) scales. A secondary purpose was to provide a preliminary examination of the relationships between the BOSS CD and CAPD scales and aspects of subjective well-being, including the frequency with which participants reported experiencing general positive and negative emotional states. Methods & Procedures: The BOSS was administered as a face-to-face interviewer-assisted survey to 281 medically stable, community-dwelling stroke survivors selected from five collaborating centres in the USA. Prior to administration of the BOSS, all subjects were rated for severity of communication impairment using the Boston Diagnostic Aphasia Examination (BDAE) Severity Rating Scale (Goodglass, Kaplan, & Baressi, 2001) and were administered Subtest 8 of the Revised Token Test (RTT), (McNeil & Prescott, 1978). The discriminant validity of the BOSS CD and CAPD scales was examined by comparing scores in stroke survivors with (N = 135) and without (N = 146) communication impairment, and within the communicatively impaired sample when classified according to BDAE ratings and RTT performance. Concurrent validity of the BOSS CD and CAPD scales was examined by correlating BOSS scores with BDAE ratings and RTT performance. Finally, correlations between the BOSS CAPD, BOSS CD, Positive Mood, and Negative Mood scales were calculated. Outcomes & Results: Statistical analyses revealed significant differences between communicatively impaired and non-communicatively impaired subjects on the BOSS CD and CAPD scales, as well as significant differences between communicatively impaired subjects of differing severity levels classified both by BDAE severity ratings and RTT performance. Correlational analyses revealed moderately strong relationships among the BOSS CD scale, BDAE severity ratings, and RTT performance. Finally, correlations among the BOSS CAPD, CD, Positive Mood, and Negative Mood scales revealed true covarying relationships of moderate strength between the BOSS CAPD and CD scales, and also between the CAPD and Negative Mood Scales. Conclusions: These findings provide preliminary support for the discriminant and construct validity of the BOSS Communication Difficulty (CD) and Communication Associated Distress (CAPD) Scales, and provide an empirical rationale for further research into the relationships between functional status, patient-reported health perceptions, and subjective well-being in stroke survivors with communication disorders. C1 VA Pittsburgh Healthcare Syst, Geriatr Res Educ & Clin Ctr 132AH, Pittsburgh, PA 15206 USA. Univ Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15260 USA. RP Doyle, PJ (reprint author), VA Pittsburgh Healthcare Syst, Geriatr Res Educ & Clin Ctr 132AH, 7180 Highland Dr, Pittsburgh, PA 15206 USA. CR Agewall S, 1998, STROKE, V29, P2329 BERGNER M, 1981, MED CARE, V19, P787, DOI 10.1097/00005650-198108000-00001 BRIEF AP, 1993, J PERS SOC PSYCHOL, V64, P646, DOI 10.1037//0022-3514.64.4.646 BROTT T, 1989, STROKE, V20, P864 Patrick D L, 1973, Health Serv Res, V8, P228 COATES A, 1992, J CLIN ONCOL, V10, P1833 Dahlöf C, 1990, Scand J Prim Health Care Suppl, V1, P19 DIENER E, 1995, J PERS SOC PSYCHOL, V69, P130, DOI 10.1037//0022-3514.69.1.130 Diener E, 1999, PSYCHOL BULL, V125, P276, DOI 10.1037/0033-2909.125.2.276 DIMENAS ES, 1989, J HYPERTENS, V7, P885, DOI 10.1097/00004872-198911000-00006 DOYLE PJ, 2002, UNPUB CONCEPTUAL PSY DOYLE PJ, 2001, 8 ANN M INT SOC QUAL DOYLE PJ, 2002, ARCH PHYSICAL MED S, V83 DUCHAN JF, 2001, ADV SPEECH LANGUAGE, V1, P37 Duncan PW, 1999, STROKE, V30, P2131 Dupuy H., 1984, ASSESSMENT QUALITY L, P170 Goodglass H., 2001, ASSESSMENT APHASIA R, V3rd Hamilton BB, 1987, REHABILITATION OUTCO, P137 Hays RD, 1988, MULTITRAIT ANAL PROG Hunt SM, 1986, MEASURING HLTH STATU LARSON R, 1978, J GERONTOL, V33, P109 McNeil M. R., 1978, REVISED TOKEN TEST MCNEIL MR, 2001, ADV SPEECH LANGUAGE, V1, P55 OKUN MA, 1984, INT J AGING HUM DEV, V19, P111, DOI 10.2190/QGJN-0N81-5957-HAQD SIMMONSMACKIE N, 2001, ADV SPEECH LANGUAGE, V1, P47 Spilker B, 1996, QUALITY LIFE PHARMAC Stewart A. L., 1993, MEASURING FUNCTIONIN VANSWIETEN JC, 1988, STROKE, V19, P604 Watten RG, 1997, EUR J PERSONALITY, V11, P57, DOI 10.1002/(SICI)1099-0984(199703)11:1<57::AID-PER276>3.0.CO;2-Q Williams LS, 1999, STROKE, V30, P1362 World Health Organization, 2001, ICF INT CLASS FUNCT WORRALL L, 2001, ADV SPEECH LANGUAGE, V1, P51 NR 32 TC 27 Z9 28 PU PSYCHOLOGY PRESS PI HOVE PA 27 CHURCH RD, HOVE BN3 2FA, EAST SUSSEX, ENGLAND SN 0268-7038 J9 APHASIOLOGY JI Aphasiology PD MAR PY 2003 VL 17 IS 3 BP 291 EP 304 DI 10.1080/02687030244000680 PG 14 WC Clinical Neurology SC Neurosciences & Neurology GA 656MD UT WOS:000181610800005 ER PT J AU Renvall, K Laine, M Laakso, M Martin, N AF Renvall, K Laine, M Laakso, M Martin, N TI Anomia treatment with contextual priming: A case study SO APHASIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID LEXICAL RETRIEVAL; SPEECH PRODUCTION; APHASIA; DEFICIT; REHABILITATION; REMEDIATION; THERAPY; ANEMIA; ERRORS; MEMORY AB Background: We present a multiple-baseline single-case treatment study on anomia. The present anomia treatment technique originates from several studies whose aim was to test word-production models in a multiple object naming paradigm by eliciting naming responses in normal (Martin, Weisberg, & Saffran, 1989) and aphasic speakers (Laine Martin, 1996; Martin & Laine, 2000). In addition to evidence in favour of interactive word-production models, the studies of Laine and Martin (1996) and Martin and Lame (2000) have suggested that the procedure, known as contextual priming, might facilitate target naming in anomic patients at least in some naming conditions. Aims: Our aim was to test further the therapeutic potential of the contextual priming technique with the following questions: (1) Does the treatment technique facilitate the naming of target words? (2) Does a particular treatment condition (semantic, phonological, unrelated) show more facilitation than others? (3) Does the treatment technique facilitate the naming of untrained control items? (4) If there is a facilitatory effect, is it enduring? Methods & Procedures: A single anomic person with a long-standing anomia was treated with contextual priming. The technique included repeated cycles of spontaneous naming attempts and repetition of target names after the examiner. In the treatment, the target items were presented in sets of five pictures that were related either semantically or phonologically or were unrelated. The treatment was carried out in a multiple-baseline design consisting of 10 baseline measurements, 27 treatment sessions along with 27 within-training measurements, and 1 post-measurement 1.5 months after the treatment. Outcomes & Results: The anomic patient showed facilitation of the target naming in all contextual conditions. Generalisation to the untrained control items was evident in the semantic context only. The effect of naming facilitation was present up to the last follow-up measurement 1.5 months post-training. Conclusions: The results indicate that the contextual priming technique can provide long-term facilitation of target naming in anomia and induce some generalisation to untreated items. C1 Univ Turku, Dept Psychol, Turku 20014, Finland. Univ Helsinki, FIN-00014 Helsinki, Finland. Abo Akad Univ, Turku, Finland. Temple Univ, Sch Med, Philadelphia, PA 19122 USA. RP Renvall, K (reprint author), Univ Turku, Dept Psychol, Turku 20014, Finland. CR Basso A, 2001, BRAIN LANG, V77, P45, DOI 10.1006/brln.2000.2422 Bastiaanse R, 1996, APHASIOLOGY, V10, P363, DOI 10.1080/02687039608248417 Best W, 2000, NEUROPSYCHOL REHABIL, V10, P231 Bloom M., 1982, EVALUATING PRACTICE CARAMAZZA A, 1993, NEUROPSYCHOL REHABIL, V3, P217, DOI 10.1080/09602019308401437 CARAMAZZA A, 1990, CORTEX, V26, P95 Cave CB, 1997, PSYCHOL SCI, V8, P322, DOI 10.1111/j.1467-9280.1997.tb00446.x Davis A., 1991, NEUROPSYCHOL REHABIL, V1, P135, DOI 10.1080/09602019108401387 DELL GS, 1991, PSYCHOL REV, V98, P604, DOI 10.1037/0033-295X.98.4.604 DELL GS, 1986, PSYCHOL REV, V93, P283, DOI 10.1037//0033-295X.93.3.283 Hanten G, 2001, BRAIN COGNITION, V45, P164, DOI 10.1006/brcg.2000.1236 Heiman G. W., 1999, RES METHODS PSYCHOL Hillis A. E., 1994, COGNITIVE NEUROPSYCH, P449 Kay J., 1992, PSYCHOLINGUISTIC ASS KOHN SE, 1990, BRIT J DISORD COMMUN, V25, P45 LAINE M, 1998, CATEGORY SPECIFIC OD LAINE M, 1998, CATEGORY SPECIFIC NA LAINE M, 1998, CATEGORY SPECIFIC WO Laine M., 1999, WORDMILL LEXICAL SEA Laine M., 1997, BOSTONIN NIMENTATEST Laine M, 1996, BRAIN LANG, V53, P283, DOI 10.1006/brln.1996.0050 Laine M., 1997, BOSTONIN DIAGNOSTINE LAINE M, 1992, CORTEX, V28, P537 LEVELT W, 1989, SPEAKING INTENTION A LEVELT WJM, 1991, PSYCHOL REV, V98, P122, DOI 10.1037//0033-295X.98.1.122 LEVELT WJM, 1983, COGNITION, V14, P41, DOI 10.1016/0010-0277(83)90026-4 Marshall J, 1998, BRAIN LANG, V63, P79, DOI 10.1006/brln.1997.1936 MARTIN N, 1989, J MEM LANG, V28, P462, DOI 10.1016/0749-596X(89)90022-3 Martin N, 2000, APHASIOLOGY, V14, P53 MARTIN N, 1994, BRAIN LANG, V47, P609, DOI 10.1006/brln.1994.1061 MARTIN RC, 1994, J MEM LANG, V33, P83, DOI 10.1006/jmla.1994.1005 Miceli G, 1996, BRAIN LANG, V52, P150, DOI 10.1006/brln.1996.0008 Nickels L., 1997, SPOKEN WORD PRODUCTI Plaut DC, 1996, BRAIN LANG, V52, P25, DOI 10.1006/brln.1996.0004 SCHWARTZ MF, 1994, BRAIN LANG, V47, P52, DOI 10.1006/brln.1994.1042 Shallice T, 2000, NEUROPSYCHOL REHABIL, V10, P209, DOI 10.1080/096020100389129 Wambaugh JL, 1998, APHASIOLOGY, V12, P731, DOI 10.1080/02687039808249569 NR 37 TC 28 Z9 28 PU PSYCHOLOGY PRESS PI HOVE PA 27 CHURCH RD, HOVE BN3 2FA, EAST SUSSEX, ENGLAND SN 0268-7038 J9 APHASIOLOGY JI Aphasiology PD MAR PY 2003 VL 17 IS 3 BP 305 EP 328 DI 10.1080/02687030244000671 PG 24 WC Clinical Neurology SC Neurosciences & Neurology GA 656MD UT WOS:000181610800006 ER PT J AU Bastiaanse, R Edwards, S Mass, E Rispens, J AF Bastiaanse, R Edwards, S Mass, E Rispens, J TI Assessing comprehension and production of verbs and sentences: The Verb and Sentence Test (VAST) SO APHASIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID SPONTANEOUS SPEECH; APHASIA THERAPY; FLUENT APHASIA; ANEMIC APHASIA; RETRIEVAL; BROCAS; PARAGRAMMATISMS; AGRAMMATISM; CATEGORIES; NEUROLOGY AB Background : In this paper we present a new aphasia test for the asessment of comprehension and production of verbs and sentences, the Verb and Sentence Test (VAST). A description is given of selected theories underlying the construction of the test, the diagnostic properties, and how results from the test can be used to motivate therapy. Methods & Procedures : Information about the construction and standardisation of the VAST is provided. Justification for item selection and results obtained from 80 non-aphasic and 25 aphasic subjects are described. Details are given of the discriminative power of each task, and validity and reliability are discussed. Results : Data from the subjects demonstrate that the VAST effectively discriminates between the aphasic and non-aphasic population and between different types of verb and sentence deficits. Case studies are given to illustrate these points. Conclusions : The VAST provides a reliable research and clinical tool for the assessment of comprehension and production of verbs and sentences, and gives clear directions for treatment. C1 Univ Groningen, Dept Linguist, NL-9700 AS Groningen, Netherlands. Univ Reading, Reading, Berks, England. RP Bastiaanse, R (reprint author), Univ Groningen, Dept Linguist, POB 716, NL-9700 AS Groningen, Netherlands. CR BALOGH J, 2000, GRAMMATICAL DISORDER BASSO A, 1990, APHASIOLOGY, V4, P185, DOI 10.1080/02687039008249069 Bastiaanse R., 2000, WERKWOORDEN ZINNENTE Bastiaanse R, 1998, APHASIOLOGY, V12, P951, DOI 10.1080/02687039808249463 Bastiaanse R, 1998, BRAIN LANG, V64, P165, DOI 10.1006/brln.1998.1972 Bastiaanse R, 2001, BRAIN LANG, V79, P72 Bastiaanse R, 1996, APHASIOLOGY, V10, P561, DOI 10.1080/02687039608248437 Berndt RS, 1997, BRAIN LANG, V56, P107 Berndt RS, 1997, BRAIN LANG, V56, P68 Bird H, 1996, J NEUROLINGUIST, V9, P187, DOI 10.1016/0911-6044(96)00006-1 Breedin SD, 1998, BRAIN LANG, V63, P1, DOI 10.1006/brln.1997.1923 BUTTERWORTH B, 1987, COGNITION, V26, P1, DOI 10.1016/0010-0277(87)90012-6 BUTTERWORTH B, 1990, LANG COGNITIVE PROC, V5, P115, DOI 10.1080/01690969008402101 BYNG S, 1988, COGNITIVE NEUROPSYCH, V5, P629, DOI 10.1080/02643298808253277 BYNG S, 1994, APHASIOLOGY, V8, P315, DOI 10.1080/02687039408248663 CARAMAZZA A, 1976, BRAIN LANG, V3, P575 Druks J., 2000, OBJECT ACTION NAMING Edwards S, 2000, BRAIN LANG, V74, P560 Francis WN, 1982, FREQUENCY ANAL ENGLI Friedmann N, 1997, BRAIN LANG, V56, P397, DOI 10.1006/brln.1997.1795 Goodglass H., 1983, BOSTON DIAGNOSTIC AP, V2nd Grodzinsky Y, 1998, J COGNITIVE NEUROSCI, V10, P281, DOI 10.1162/089892998562708 GRODZINSKY Y, 1995, BRAIN LANG, V50, P27, DOI 10.1006/brln.1995.1039 Grodzinsky Y, 2000, BEHAV BRAIN SCI, V23, P1, DOI 10.1017/S0140525X00002399 Haendiges AN, 1996, BRAIN LANG, V52, P276, DOI 10.1006/brln.1996.0011 HAGIWARA H, 1995, BRAIN LANG, V50, P92, DOI 10.1006/brln.1995.1041 HUBER W, 1984, ADV NEUROLOGY, V42 JONES EV, 1986, BRIT J DISORD COMMUN, V21, P63 Edwards S, 1998, APHASIOLOGY, V12, P99, DOI 10.1080/02687039808250466 Jonkers R., 2000, GRAMMATICAL DISORDER Jonkers R, 1996, BRAIN LANG, V55, P37 Kay J., 1992, PSYCHOLINGUISTIC ASS KOHN SE, 1989, CORTEX, V25, P57 Linebarger M., 1983, COGNITION, V3, P361 LUKETELA K, 1995, BRAIN LANG, V49, P50 MARSHALL J, 1998, SENTENCE PROCESSING MARSHALL J, 1995, APHASIOLOGY, V9, P517, DOI 10.1080/02687039508248712 MICELI G, 1984, CORTEX, V20, P207 Miller N, 2000, APHASIOLOGY, V14, P683 Mitchum C. C., 1994, COGNITIVE NEUROPSYCH NIEMI J, 1990, FOLIA LINGUIST, V24, P389, DOI 10.1515/flin.1990.24.3-4.389 Orgass B., 1976, DIAGNOSTICA, V22, P141 Schwartz M. F., 1987, LANG COGNITIVE PROC, V2, P85, DOI 10.1080/01690968708406352 SCHWARTZ MF, 1994, APHASIOLOGY, V8, P19, DOI 10.1080/02687039408248639 SCHWARTZ MF, 1995, NEUROPSYCHOL REHABIL, V5, P97 SPRINGER L, 1993, APHASIOLOGY, V7, P251, DOI 10.1080/02687039308249509 Thompson CK, 1996, BRAIN LANG, V52, P175, DOI 10.1006/brln.1996.0009 THOMPSON CK, 1997, J SPEECH HEAR RES, V40, P193 WHITWORTH A, 1995, THEMATIC ROLES PRODU WILLIAMS SE, 1987, BRAIN LANG, V32, P124, DOI 10.1016/0093-934X(87)90120-9 ZINGESER LB, 1988, COGNITIVE NEUROPSYCH, V5, P473, DOI 10.1080/02643298808253270 NR 51 TC 17 Z9 18 PU PSYCHOLOGY PRESS PI HOVE PA 27 CHURCH RD, HOVE BN3 2FA, EAST SUSSEX, ENGLAND SN 0268-7038 J9 APHASIOLOGY JI Aphasiology PY 2003 VL 17 IS 1 BP 49 EP 73 DI 10.1080/02687030244000455 PG 25 WC Clinical Neurology SC Neurosciences & Neurology GA 641UF UT WOS:000180764600003 ER PT J AU Bonakdarpour, B Eftekharzadeh, A Ashayeri, H AF Bonakdarpour, B Eftekharzadeh, A Ashayeri, H TI Melodic intonation therapy in Persian aphasic patients SO APHASIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID AUDITORY COMPREHENSION; LESION LOCALIZATION; NONFLUENT APHASIA; COMPLEXITY; SPEECH; SITES; TIME AB Background : Melodic intonation therapy (MIT) is a well-known method of aphasia rehabilitation using prosodically based melodic phrases. The literature includes MIT adapted to many languages and efficiently applied to certain groups of non-fluent aphasic patients. However, there has been no report on the efficacy of the method for Persian-speaking patients. Aims : The objective of this study was primarily to investigate the effects of 15 sessions of MIT treatment (adapted to the Persian language) in selected patients with non-fluent aphasia; primarily on expository speech (phrase length and number of correct content units) and oral expression skills (repetition, responsive naming, and confrontational naming), and secondarily, on auditory comprehension abilities (word discrimination, commands). Methods and Procedures : Participants in the study included seven right-handed Persian-speaking patients afflicted with chronic (>14 months post-onset) non-fluent aphasia. Based on the rules of Persian prosody, MIT was adapted to the Persian language. Using a pre, post treatment design, each outcome measure was tested twice before and twice after MIT treatment. Changes in the variables not treated were also measured as baselines controlling treatment effects. Outcomes and Results : Using the Wilcoxon signed-rank test, improvements in the selected variables were shown to be statistically significant after the treatment phase and not during the treatment-free phases. Non-target variables remained unchanged after the treatment and throughout the non-treatment phases. Conclusions : Our study showed that MIT can be adapted for Persian aphasic patients and administered with measurable positive results after 15 sessions of treatment. MIT improved primarily spontaneous speech production, and as minor effects, selected oral expression and auditory comprehension subtests. Therefore MIT might be considered as a method for the rehabilitation of selected non-fluent Persian aphasic patients. More long-term follow-up studies with randomised controlled clinical trials are needed for stronger conclusions. C1 Univ Tehran Med Sci, Tehran, Iran. RP Bonakdarpour, B (reprint author), Northwestern Univ, Aphasia & Neurolinguist Lab, Evanston, IL 60208 USA. EM borna@northwestern.edu CR FERGUSON JH, 1994, NEUROLOGY, V44, P566 ALBERT ML, 1973, ARCH NEUROL-CHICAGO, V29, P130 ALBERT ML, 1974, BRAIN, V97, P373, DOI 10.1093/brain/97.1.373 ALEXANDER MP, 1987, BRAIN, V110, P961, DOI 10.1093/brain/110.4.961 Belin P, 1996, NEUROLOGY, V47, P1504 BLUMSTEIN SE, 1985, BRAIN LANG, V24, P246, DOI 10.1016/0093-934X(85)90134-8 Bonakdarpour B., 2000, IRANIAN J MED SCI, V25, P156 DARLEY FL, 1982, APHASIA, P217 EASTERBROOK A, 1982, BRIT J DISORD COMMUN, V17, P93 FIEZ JA, 1993, J CEREB BLOOD FLO S1, V13, pS504 GARDNER H, 1975, Cortex, V11, P155 HAGHSHENAAS AM, 1990, PHONETICS, P127 HARGROVE PM, 1994, PROSODY MANAGEMENT C, P153 HATFIELD FM, 1972, BRIT J DISORD COMMUN, V7, P64 SPARKS R, 1974, Cortex, V10, P303 HELM N, 1981, CLIN ASPECTS DYSPHAS, P161 HELMESTABROOKS N, 1991, MANUAL APHASIA THERA, P207 HELMESTABROOKS N, 1986, BRIT J DISORD COMMUN, V21, P39 Helm-Estabrooks N, 1983, COGNITIVE PROCESSING, P229 Helm-Estabrooks N., 1989, MELODIC INTONATION T KHAANLARI PN, 1978, HIST PERSIAN LANGUAG, P90 Kimelman MDZ, 1999, BRAIN LANG, V69, P212, DOI 10.1006/brln.1999.2142 LASKY EZ, 1976, BRAIN LANG, V3, P386, DOI 10.1016/0093-934X(76)90034-1 LAUGHLIN SA, 1979, J SPEECH HEAR RES, V22, P311 MENN L, 1994, APHASIOLOGY, V8, P343, DOI 10.1080/02687039408248664 NAESER MA, 1978, NEUROLOGY, V28, P545 NAESER MA, 1982, ARCH NEUROL-CHICAGO, V39, P2 NAESER MA, 1985, CORTEX, V21, P203 NILIPOUR R, 1993, FARSI APHASIA TEST NILIPOUR R, 1992, MAJALLE YE ZABAANSHE, V9, P49 Popovici Mariana, 1992, Revue Roumaine de Neurologie et Psychiatrie, V30, P99 Popovici Mariana, 1995, Romanian Journal of Neurology and Psychiatry, V33, P57 Seki K, 1983, No To Shinkei, V35, P1031 SEPANTAA S, 1996, SEASONAL J ACAD PERS, V2, P82 SEPANTAA S, 1972, THESIS TEHRAN U Sparks R. W., 1994, LANGUAGE INTERVENTIO, P368 SPARKS RW, 1976, J SPEECH HEAR DISORD, V41, P287 VANDERLUGTVANWI.K, 1989, SPRACHE STIMME GEHOE, V13, P142 WEIDNER WE, 1976, BRAIN LANG, V3, P34, DOI 10.1016/0093-934X(76)90004-3 NR 39 TC 7 Z9 7 PU PSYCHOLOGY PRESS PI HOVE PA 27 CHURCH RD, HOVE BN3 2FA, EAST SUSSEX, ENGLAND SN 0268-7038 J9 APHASIOLOGY JI Aphasiology PY 2003 VL 17 IS 1 BP 75 EP 95 DI 10.1080/02687030244000464 PG 21 WC Clinical Neurology SC Neurosciences & Neurology GA 641UF UT WOS:000180764600004 ER PT J AU Mackenzie, C Paton, G AF Mackenzie, C Paton, G TI Resumption of driving with aphasia following stroke SO APHASIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID ABILITY AB Background: Fitness to drive may be compromised by a variety of medical conditions, including stroke. Driving may legally be resumed 1 month after stroke if clinical recovery is deemed satisfactory. Advice available for patients and medical practitioners is unclear and inconsistent as to whether return to driving is influenced by aphasia. Information on the opinions of medical practitioners and aphasia therapists regarding resumption of driving with aphasia, the return to driving experience of people with aphasia, and their road sign recognition ability, has been largely anecdotal. Aims: (1) To determine the views and practice of medical practitioners and aphasia therapists on return to driving with aphasia caused by stroke and the experience and effects for aphasic people of resuming or not resuming driving. (2) To assess the road sign recognition ability of aphasic people who had returned to driving or wished to do so in relation to a comparable non-stroke population. Methods and Procedures: People with aphasia following stroke ( n = 18) who had returned to driving or wished to do so, medical practitioners ( n = 11), and aphasia therapists ( n = 18) were interviewed to determine the patient experience and medical practitioners' and therapists' views on driving with aphasia. Road sign recognition was assessed in the aphasic and a matched non-brain-damaged control group ( n = 18). Outcome and Results : The majority of medical practitioners and aphasia therapists thought that in some cases driving with aphasia was contra-indicated. Reading comprehension was the communication aspect considered to be most important for driving fitness. The aphasic group was significantly less proficient than the control group in road sign recognition and in understanding written and spoken road sign descriptions. Few aphasic drivers described new driving problems and most now drove less, more carefully, and for reduced distances. Those who had not returned to driving felt social activity and wellbeing had been affected. Conclusions : Despite difficulties with road sign recognition and related reading and auditory comprehension, people with aphasia are driving, including some whose communication loss is severe. Where relevant, practice in recognition of road signs and written road information might be included in speech and language therapy management. C1 Univ Stathclyde, Dept Speech & Language Therapy, Glasgow G13 1PP, Lanark, Scotland. Stobhill Dist Gen Hosp, Glasgow, Lanark, Scotland. RP Mackenzie, C (reprint author), Univ Stathclyde, Dept Speech & Language Therapy, Southbrae Dr, Glasgow G13 1PP, Lanark, Scotland. CR *DRIV STAND AG, 1999, HIGHW COD EARL C, 1995, MED ASPECTS FITNESS Fisk GD, 1997, ARCH PHYS MED REHAB, V78, P1338, DOI 10.1016/S0003-9993(97)90307-5 Galski T, 2000, J HEAD TRAUMA REHAB, V15, P895, DOI 10.1097/00001199-200006000-00004 GOLPER LAC, 1980, ARCH PHYS MED REHAB, V61, P34 Goodglass H., 1983, BOSTON DIAGNOSTIC AP, V2nd Hartje W, 1991, NEUROPSYCHOL REHABIL, V1, P161, DOI 10.1080/09602019108520162 Hochstenbach J, 1998, J CLIN EXP NEUROPSYC, V20, P503 IRVINE RJM, 1993, BRIT MED J, V307, P1066 Kelly R, 1999, POSTGRAD MED J, V75, P537 LEBRUN Y, 1978, MANAGEMENT APHASIA, P56 LEGHSMITH J, 1986, J ROY SOC MED, V79, P200 Lundqvist A, 2001, BRAIN INJURY, V15, P981, DOI 10.1080/02699050110065637 MATSKO TA, 1975, ARCH PHYS MED REHAB, V56, P552 Mazer BL, 1998, ARCH PHYS MED REHAB, V79, P743, DOI 10.1016/S0003-9993(98)90350-1 Nouri F, 1988, Int Disabil Stud, V10, P101 Nouri F M, 1987, Int Disabil Stud, V9, P110 NOURI FM, 1993, BRIT MED J, V307, P482 NOURI FM, 1994, STROKE DRIVER SCREEN Parr S., 1997, TALKING APHASIA RANNEY TA, 1994, ACCIDENT ANAL PREV, V26, P733, DOI 10.1016/0001-4575(94)90051-5 Raven J. C., 1962, COLOURED PROGR MATRI SANDERCOCK PAG, 1986, LANCET 1018, P901 *STROK ASS, 1997, DRIV STROK Warlow CP, 2000, STROKE PRACTICAL GUI WYKE MA, 1988, APHASIA NR 26 TC 8 Z9 8 PU PSYCHOLOGY PRESS PI HOVE PA 27 CHURCH RD, HOVE BN3 2FA, EAST SUSSEX, ENGLAND SN 0268-7038 J9 APHASIOLOGY JI Aphasiology PY 2003 VL 17 IS 2 BP 107 EP 122 DI 10.1080/02687030244000527 PG 16 WC Clinical Neurology SC Neurosciences & Neurology GA 641UK UT WOS:000180765100002 ER PT J AU Jacobs, B Schneider, S AF Jacobs, B Schneider, S TI Analysis of lexical-semantic processing and extensive neurological, electrophysiological, speech perception, and language evaluation following a unilateral left hemisphere lesion: Pure word deafness? SO APHASIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID BILATERAL LESIONS; AUDITORY AGNOSIA; DISCRIMINATION; COMPREHENSION; CORTEX AB Background : Theoretical models of lexical-semantic processing that explicate the relationships between spoken word comprehension, repetition, and writing to dictation are discussed in relation to pure word deafness (PWD). Various theories relative to the neuroanatomical sites and pathophysiological/electrophysiological mechanisms that cause the speech perception deficit seen in PWD are reviewed, as well as case studies that have identified variables that facilitate comprehension of spoken language for individuals with PWD. Aims : A case study of an individual with an extensive and complex neurological history and a constellation of symptoms suggestive of PWD is presented. Extensive evaluation, including experimental tasks developed to test a theoretical lexical processing model, was undertaken to determine whether this case fitted the criteria for a diagnosis of PWD. Methods & Procedures : Extensive neurological, electrophysiological, speech perception, and language testing was undertaken to confirm site of lesion, assess neurophysiological processes underlying speech perception, and determine overall language status. Experimental tasks based on a lexical-semantic processing model assessed word and nonword repetition and writing to dictation under two conditions: presentation with and without facial cues. Outcomes & Results : MRI confirmed a lesion in the participant's left frontoparietal area. Electrophysiological measures indicated his auditory nerve and auditory brainstem functions were intact, middle latency response (MLR) was normal over his right hemisphere and absent over his left hemisphere, and a significant mismatch negativity (MMN) response was elicited by pitch, but not phonetic, differences. Speech perception testing indicated he had difficulty with spectral or spectro-temporal discrimination and combining phonological and semantic information, as well as decreased ability to use formant motion in sentence perception and to perceive speech in noise. Language testing revealed relatively intact spontaneous language production and reading comprehension. The participant's performance on experimental tasks indicated an effect of syllable length and presentation mode for both words and nonwords. That is, as the number of syllables increased, his performance decreased; however, repetition and writing to dictation reflected superior performance with facial cues regardless of word and nonword length when compared to presentation without cues. Relative to the lexical processing model, the participant's performance suggested impoverished phonetic processing in the auditory analysis system. Conclusions : The results of extensive evaluation revealed a selective impairment in acoustic phonetic perception that is consistent with a diagnosis of PWD. The findings of this study support other studies that have demonstrated that speech perception involves cortical areas other than the temporal lobes. C1 E Tennessee State Univ, Johnson City, TN 37614 USA. Ohio State Univ, Columbus, OH 43210 USA. RP Jacobs, B (reprint author), Western Carolina Univ, Program Commun Disorders, 162 Killian Annex, Cullowhee, NC 28723 USA. CR AUERBACH SH, 1982, BRAIN, V105, P271, DOI 10.1093/brain/105.2.271 BAUER RM, 1985, CLIN NEUROPSYCHOLOGY, P210 CAPLAN D, 1995, NEUROLOGY, V45, P293 COSLETT HB, 1984, NEUROLOGY, V34, P347 DEBIJL MAO, 1993, J CLIN EXP NEUROPSYC, V15, P395 DENES G, 1975, Cortex, V11, P401 Ellis A. W., 1988, HUMAN COGNITIVE NEUR Francis WN, 1982, FREQUENCY ANAL ENGLI FRANKLIN S, 1989, APHASIOLOGY, V3, P189, DOI 10.1080/02687038908248991 German DJ, 1990, TEST ADOLESCENT ADUL Grafman J, 2000, J COMMUN DISORD, V33, P345, DOI 10.1016/S0021-9924(00)00030-7 HILLIS AE, 1990, COGNITIVE NEUROPSYCH, V7, P191, DOI 10.1080/02643299008253442 HO KJ, 1987, ARCH NEUROL-CHICAGO, V44, P982 HOUSE AS, 1965, J ACOUST SOC AM, V37, P158, DOI 10.1121/1.1909295 KALIKOW DN, 1977, J ACOUST SOC AM, V61, P1337, DOI 10.1121/1.381436 Kertesz A., 1982, W APHASIA BATTERY MENDEZ MF, 1988, J NEUROL NEUROSUR PS, V51, P1, DOI 10.1136/jnnp.51.1.1 METZLUTZ MN, 1984, BRAIN LANG, V23, P13, DOI 10.1016/0093-934X(84)90002-6 Morton J., 1980, COGNITIVE PROCESSES Muhlnickel W, 1998, P NATL ACAD SCI USA, V95, P10340, DOI 10.1073/pnas.95.17.10340 OKADA S, 1963, STUDIA PHNOLOGICA, V3, P58 RAPP BC, 1998, ACQUIRED APHASIA, P187, DOI 10.1016/B978-012619322-0/50009-9 REMEZ RE, 1981, SCIENCE, V212, P947, DOI 10.1126/science.7233191 ROBERTS M, 1987, J NEUROL NEUROSUR PS, V50, P1708, DOI 10.1136/jnnp.50.12.1708 SAFFRAN EM, UNPUB PHILADELPHIA C SAFFRAN EM, 1976, BRAIN LANG, V3, P209, DOI 10.1016/0093-934X(76)90018-3 SHANKWEI.D, 1967, Q J EXP PSYCHOL, V19, P59, DOI 10.1080/14640746708400069 SHINDO M, 1991, BRAIN LANG, V40, P153, DOI 10.1016/0093-934X(91)90122-H TAKAHASHI N, 1992, CORTEX, V28, P295 TANAKA Y, 1987, BRAIN, V110, P381, DOI 10.1093/brain/110.2.381 VONSTOCKERT TR, 1982, BRAIN LANG, V16, P133, DOI 10.1016/0093-934X(82)90077-3 Wang E, 2000, BRAIN LANG, V73, P442, DOI 10.1006/brln.2000.2319 Wechsler D., 1987, WESCHLER MEMORY SCAL WOLBERG SC, 1990, S AFR MED J, V78, P668 ZATORRE RJ, 1992, SCIENCE, V256, P846, DOI 10.1126/science.1589767 NR 35 TC 3 Z9 3 PU PSYCHOLOGY PRESS PI HOVE PA 27 CHURCH RD, HOVE BN3 2FA, EAST SUSSEX, ENGLAND SN 0268-7038 J9 APHASIOLOGY JI Aphasiology PY 2003 VL 17 IS 2 BP 123 EP 141 DI 10.1080/02687030244000536 PG 19 WC Clinical Neurology SC Neurosciences & Neurology GA 641UK UT WOS:000180765100003 ER PT J AU Beausoleil, N Fortin, R Le Blanc, B Joanette, Y AF Beausoleil, N Fortin, R Le Blanc, B Joanette, Y TI Unconstrained oral naming performance in right- and left-hemisphere-damaged individuals: When education overrides the lesion SO APHASIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID VERBAL-FLUENCY; CEREBRAL HEMISPHERES; RIGHT-HANDERS; TIME-COURSE; IMPAIRMENT AB Background : The nature of the contribution of the right hemisphere to the semantic processing of words is still unclear. Moreover, studies that looked at this question using a production oral naming task offered contradictory results, partly because of differences in production criteria used for this task. Aims : The goal of this study was to investigate the contribution of the right hemisphere to lexico-semantic abilities using an unconstrained oral naming task, looking at both qualitative and qualitative dimensions of the words produced, including a time-course analysis. Methods and Procedure : A total of 30 right-hemisphere-damaged (RHD), 30 left-hemisphere-damaged (LHD) without aphasia or with only a mild aphasia, and 30 control subjects (NC) were submitted to an unconstrained oral naming task. Outcome and Results : Results showed that hemisphere-damaged subjects produced fewer words than NC and that LHD produced fewer semantic categories than NC and RHD. Time-course analysis showed that, for all groups, more words were produced at the beginning of the task. Qualitatively, RHD showed a tendency to produce a lower mean degree of prototypicality than NC. Finally, the cluster analysis identified three clusters according to the overall performance, revealing an interaction between education and the presence of a brain lesion. Conclusion : Altogether, these results indicate that the impairment of the semantic processing of words following a right-hemisphere lesion might be specifically determined by the prototypicality of words, a result that has some convergence with other results in the literature at the discourse or pragmatic levels. However, results also show the existence of an interaction between the ability to look at very mild lexico-semantic impacts of a brain lesion and the influence of degree of education on these abilities. The latter result stresses the importance of a strict control of education in any studies looking at very mild language disorders in brain-lesioned individuals. C1 Univ Montreal, Inst Geriatrie, Montreal, PQ H3W 1W5, Canada. RP Joanette, Y (reprint author), Univ Montreal, Inst Geriatrie, 4565 Chemin Queen Mary, Montreal, PQ H3W 1W5, Canada. CR Anaki D, 1998, NEUROPSYCHOLOGIA, V36, P691, DOI 10.1016/S0028-3932(97)00141-3 Atchley RA, 1999, NEUROPSYCHOLOGY, V13, P389, DOI 10.1037//0894-4105.13.3.389 Beeman M, 1998, RIGHT HEMISPHERE LANGUAGE COMPREHENSION, P373 BEEMAN M, 1994, J COGNITIVE NEUROSCI, V6, P26, DOI 10.1162/jocn.1994.6.1.26 BENTIN S, 1979, J NEUROL NEUROSUR PS, V42, P715, DOI 10.1136/jnnp.42.8.715 BENTON AL, 1968, NEUROPSYCHOLOGIA, V6, P53, DOI 10.1016/0028-3932(68)90038-9 BOLLER F, 1968, CORTEX, V4, P247 BOLTER JF, 1983, CLIN NEUROPSYCHOLOGY, V5, P77 BORKOWSK.JG, 1967, NEUROPSYCHOLOGIA, V5, P135, DOI 10.1016/0028-3932(67)90015-2 BRUYER R, 1980, Encephale, V6, P287 BURGESS C, 1988, BRAIN LANG, V33, P86, DOI 10.1016/0093-934X(88)90056-9 CAPPA SF, 1987, J CLIN EXP NEUROPSYC, V9, P263 CAVALLI M, 1981, CORTEX, V17, P545 CHIARELLO C, 1992, BRAIN LANG, V42, P52, DOI 10.1016/0093-934X(92)90056-K CODE C, 1991, TRENDS NEUROSCI, V14, P121, DOI 10.1016/0166-2236(91)90076-7 DIGGS CC, 1987, BRAIN LANG, V30, P130, DOI 10.1016/0093-934X(87)90033-2 EISENSON J, 1962, LANG SPEECH, V5, P49 FAURE S, 1994, REV NEUROPSYCHOL, V4, P403 GAGNON J, 1994, LINGUISTICHE BERICHT, V6, P33 GROSSMAN M, 1981, BRAIN LANG, V12, P313, DOI 10.1016/0093-934X(81)90022-5 HOUGH MS, 1994, CLIN APHASIOL, V22, P35 Joanette Y., 1990, RIGHT HEMISPHERE VER JOANETTE Y, 1998, LINGUISTIC LEVELS AP, P19 JOANETTE Y, 1988, BRAIN LANG, V34, P54, DOI 10.1016/0093-934X(88)90124-1 Joanette Y., 1991, REV NEUROPSYCHOL, V1, P3 JOANETTE Y, 1986, NEUROPSYCHOLOGIA, V24, P875, DOI 10.1016/0028-3932(86)90087-4 LAINE M, 1987, 3 FINN C NEUR JOH FI LAINE M, 1988, J CLIN EXP NEUROPSYC, V10, P28 Leblanc B, 1996, BRAIN LANG, V55, P42 Monetta L, 2001, BRAIN LANG, V79, P61 OLDFIELD RC, 1971, NEUROPSYCHOLOGIA, V9, P97, DOI 10.1016/0028-3932(71)90067-4 RAMIER AM, 1970, REV NEUROL, V123, P17 ROSENBERRY T L, 1980, Neurochemistry International, V2, P135, DOI 10.1016/0197-0186(80)90020-0 SABOURIN L, 1988, CANADIAN PSYCHOL, V29, pA2 WARD JH, 1963, J AM STAT ASSOC, V58, P236, DOI 10.2307/2282967 NR 35 TC 8 Z9 10 PU PSYCHOLOGY PRESS PI HOVE PA 27 CHURCH RD, HOVE BN3 2FA, EAST SUSSEX, ENGLAND SN 0268-7038 J9 APHASIOLOGY JI Aphasiology PY 2003 VL 17 IS 2 BP 143 EP 158 DI 10.1080/02687030244000572 PG 16 WC Clinical Neurology SC Neurosciences & Neurology GA 641UK UT WOS:000180765100004 ER PT J AU Hough, MS Downs, CR Cranford, J Givens, G AF Hough, MS Downs, CR Cranford, J Givens, G TI Measures of auditory processing in aphasia: Behavioural and electrophysiological analysis SO APHASIOLOGY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 31st Annual Clinical Aphasiology Conference CY MAY 29-JUN 02, 2001 CL SANTA FE, NEW MEXICO ID DICHOTIC-LISTENING PERFORMANCE; SPEECH-DISCRIMINATION; EVOKED-POTENTIALS; AGE-DIFFERENCES; ALLOCATION; ATTENTION; FREQUENCY; STIMULI; LESIONS; LOCALIZATION AB Background: Lesions resulting in aphasia frequently involve areas associated with auditory processing. Investigations using psychoacoustics and/or electrophysiology to examine the auditory processing abilities of aphasic as well as non-brain-damaged individuals have revealed the influence of several variables on findings, including age, type of stimuli, task difficulty/instructions, response modality, and lesion site/size. It is unclear whether both methods of testing are examining similar components of auditory processing and furthermore, if the variables identified as affecting findings for the two testing methodologies influence results in a similar manner. An electrophysiological approach to auditory processing may assist in the objective evaluation of patients who have difficulty consistently providing accurate responses. Aims: The purpose of this investigation was to explore behavioural and electrophysiological CAP abilities of several aphasic individuals using a set of divided attention tasks and to investigate whether electrophysiological results were congruent with those obtained from behavioural testing. Methods and Procedures: Participants were two females and five males, age range 33-73, all suffering left cerebrovascular accidents, resulting in aphasia. Experimental testing included: speech-language evaluation via administration of the Western Aphasia Battery and the Token Test ; hearing evaluation using routine pure-tone audiometry, speech audiometry, and middle ear measurements; behavioural central auditory processing assessment using Pitch Pattern Sequence and Dichotic Digits ; and electrophysiology testing, consisting of evaluation of late auditory evoked potentials (N100, P200, P300) with and without distraction using an oddball paradigm. Outcomes and Results: Results are presented individually for each patient. Overall, patients showed unique results relative to ear advantage pattern and congruence between electrophysiological and behavioural testing. One patient showed inconclusive findings due to a hearing loss; one patient showed no clear ear advantage pattern on either behavioural or electrophysiological testing; one patient showed no ear advantage on dichotic testing but showed a clear pattern on electrophysiology; and one patient showed incongruence in ear advantage pattern between electrophysiological and behavioural testing. Three patients showed congruent ear advantage patterns across both behavioural and electrophysiological testing; however, one showed a right ear advantage and two showed a left ear advantage. Conclusions: Based on these findings, it is evident that the direct and/or statistical relationship between behavioural CAP and electrophysiological findings requires more in-depth exploration. The testing of additional patients is imperative prior to making decisions regarding the utility and value of such a statistical approach. Thus, the use of these and other CAP measures bears additional investigation as clinical and experimental tools in evaluating auditory processing capabilities of the aphasic patient. C1 E Carolina Univ, Dept Commun Sci & Disorders, Greenville, NC 27858 USA. RP Hough, MS (reprint author), E Carolina Univ, Dept Commun Sci & Disorders, Greenville, NC 27858 USA. CR Alden JD, 1997, NEUROPSY NEUROPSY BE, V10, P239 Arvedson J. C., 1986, CLIN APHASIOLOGY, V17, P188 *ASHA, 1995, CENTR AUD PROC CURR AUTHER LL, 1998, 1 INT C MISM NEG ITS BACKS RW, 1987, CURRENT TRENDS EVENT, V40, P163 BOUMA A, 1988, J CLIN EXP NEUROPSYC, V10, P709, DOI 10.1080/01688638808402809 BROUGHTON R, 1988, SLEEP 88, P6 BROWN WS, 1983, ELECTROEN CLIN NEURO, V55, P277, DOI 10.1016/0013-4694(83)90205-5 Bryden M. P., 1982, LATERALITY FUNCTIONA Bryden M. P., 1988, HDB DICHOTIC LISTENI, P1 BUTCHER J, 1983, THESIS U KANSAS BUTCHNER J, 1994, PRINCIPLES APPL AUDI, P219 Carpenter M, 2002, J CLIN NEUROPHYSIOL, V19, P55, DOI 10.1097/00004691-200201000-00007 CLARK LE, 1973, J GERONTOL, V28, P173 DERENZI E, 1978, CORTEX, V14, P41 Fisher A L, 2000, J Am Acad Audiol, V11, P36 GOODIN DS, 1978, ELECTROEN CLIN NEURO, V44, P447, DOI 10.1016/0013-4694(78)90029-9 HAGOORT P, 1996, BRAIN, V119, P629 Hall J, 1992, HDB AUDITORY EVOKED Hiscock M, 1999, J CLIN EXP NEUROPSYC, V21, P265 Hiscock M, 1999, NEUROPSYCHOLOGY, V13, P404, DOI 10.1037/0894-4105.13.3.404 Hugdahl K., 1988, HDB DICHOTIC LISTENI HYDE ML, 1994, PRINCIPLES APPL AUDI, P179 Hymel M R, 1998, J Am Acad Audiol, V9, P385 ILVONEN T, 1998, 1 INT C MISM NEG ITS JACOBSON JT, 1994, PRINCIPLES APPL AUDI, P3 JERGER J, 1995, EAR HEARING, V16, P482, DOI 10.1097/00003446-199510000-00005 Kertesz A, 1982, W APHASIA BATTERY TE KIMURA D, 1961, CAN J PSYCHOLOGY, V15, P166, DOI 10.1037/h0083219 KNIGHT RT, 1989, BRAIN RES, V502, P109, DOI 10.1016/0006-8993(89)90466-6 KNIGHT RT, 1980, ELECTROEN CLIN NEURO, V50, P112, DOI 10.1016/0013-4694(80)90328-4 KRAUS N, 1995, EAR HEARING, V16, P19, DOI 10.1097/00003446-199502000-00003 MCPHERSON D, 1995, LATE POTENTIALS AUDI Murray LL, 1997, J SPEECH LANG HEAR R, V40, P792 MUSIEK FE, 1987, AUDIOLOGY, V26, P79 Musiek F E, 1992, J Am Acad Audiol, V3, P5 MUSIEK FE, 1983, EAR HEARING, V4, P79, DOI 10.1097/00003446-198303000-00002 Musiek F E, 1994, J Am Acad Audiol, V5, P265 NAATANEN R, 1987, PSYCHOPHYSIOLOGY, V24, P375, DOI 10.1111/j.1469-8986.1987.tb00311.x NICCUM N, 1986, BRAIN LANG, V28, P289, DOI 10.1016/0093-934X(86)90106-9 NICCUM N, 1983, J SPEECH HEAR RES, V26, P42 NICCUM N, 1981, J SPEECH HEAR RES, V24, P526 OSCARBERMAN M, 1975, BRAIN LANG, V2, P345, DOI 10.1016/S0093-934X(75)80075-7 Petit J. M., 1979, BRAIN LANG, V7, P191, DOI 10.1016/0093-934X(79)90016-6 PINHEIRO ML, 1985, ASSESSMENT CENTRAL A POLICH J, 1987, ELECTROEN CLIN NEURO, V68, P311, DOI 10.1016/0168-5597(87)90052-9 POLICH J, 1989, J CLIN NEUROPHYSIOL, V6, P277, DOI 10.1097/00004691-198907000-00003 POLLOCK VE, 1992, J GERONTOL, V47, P88 POLLOCK VE, 1989, INT J NEUROSCI, V45, P127, DOI 10.3109/00207458908986225 POOL KD, 1989, EAR HEARING, V10, P144, DOI 10.1097/00003446-198906000-00002 ROTHENBERG A, 1982, ARCH PSYCHIAT NERVEN, V231, P155, DOI 10.1007/BF00343837 SELINGER M, 1989, BRAIN LANG, V36, P377, DOI 10.1016/0093-934X(89)90074-6 SIDTIS JJ, 1988, BRAIN LANG, V34, P235, DOI 10.1016/0093-934X(88)90135-6 Sparks R, 1970, Cortex, V6, P249 Squires KC, 1983, SEMIN HEAR, V4, P415, DOI 10.1055/s-0028-1094203 TSENG CH, 1993, BRAIN LANG, V45, P276, DOI 10.1006/brln.1993.1046 WOOD CC, 1982, ELECTROEN CLIN NEURO, V54, P25, DOI 10.1016/0013-4694(82)90228-0 WOODS DL, 1993, COGNITIVE BRAIN RES, V1, P227, DOI 10.1016/0926-6410(93)90007-R NR 58 TC 4 Z9 4 PU PSYCHOLOGY PRESS PI HOVE PA 27 CHURCH RD, HOVE BN3 2FA, EAST SUSSEX, ENGLAND SN 0268-7038 J9 APHASIOLOGY JI Aphasiology PY 2003 VL 17 IS 2 BP 159 EP 172 DI 10.1080/02687030244000581 PG 14 WC Clinical Neurology SC Neurosciences & Neurology GA 641UK UT WOS:000180765100005 ER PT J AU Coelho, C Flewellyn, L AF Coelho, C Flewellyn, L TI Longitudinal assessment of coherence in an adult with fluent aphasia: A follow-up study SO APHASIOLOGY LA English DT Article AB Background: It has been suggested that individuals with fluent aphasia demonstrate microlinguistic impairments and relatively preserved macrolinguistic abilities (Glosser & Deser, 1990). However, results of a previous study in which measures of sentence production, intersentential cohesion, and story grammar were assessed longitudinally over a period of 12 months did not support this contention (Coelho, Liles, Duffy, Clarkson, & Elia, 1994). In that investigation, as the individual with fluent aphasia recovered severity of aphasia decreased and microlinguistic abilities improved, but macrolinguistic skills remained quite limited. Aims: The present study sought to clarify the discrepancy between these two studies by re-analysing the narrative samples collected by Coelho et al. for adequacy of coherence in order for similar macrolinguistic measures to be compared across studies. Methods & Procedures: Two types of story narratives were elicited from a 55-year-old male with mild-moderate anomic aphasia on a monthly basis over a 12-month period. Story narratives were analysed for local and global coherence, and coherence ratings were compared to the mean performance of three matched non-brain-injured participants. Outcomes & Results: Neither local or global coherence improved appreciably over the 12-month period and both remained moderately impaired, inspite of gains noted in microlinguistic abilities. The individual with fluent aphasia also consistently demonstrated greater difficulties with global than local coherence. Conclusions: This pattern of impaired macrolinguistic abilities, is consistent with that of individuals with Alzheimer's disease and closed head injuries, and suggests that difficulty with discourse organisation may result from focal as well as diffuse brain pathology. These findings suggest the importance of expanding assessment procedures for individuals with aphasia, particularly mild aphasia, to include macrolinguistic dimensions of discourse organisation such as the analysis of coherence and story grammar-and further, that such macrolinguistic abilities need to addressed specifically in language therapy. C1 Univ Connecticut, Dept Commun Sci, Storrs, CT 06269 USA. Hosp Special Care, New Britain, CT USA. RP Coelho, C (reprint author), Univ Connecticut, Dept Commun Sci, Unit 1085, Storrs, CT 06269 USA. CR COELHO CA, 1994, CLIN APHASIOL, V22, P145 Deser T., 1990, BRAIN LANG, V40, P67 Glosser G., 1993, NARRATIVE DISCOURSE Goodglass H, 1983, ASSESSMENT APHASIA R, V2nd HOLLINGSHEAD AB, 1972, UNPUB 4 FACTOR INDEX HUNT KW, 1970, MONOGRAPHS SOC RES C, V134 PORCH BE, 1984, PORCH INDEX COMMUNIC Ulatowska H. K., 1990, DISCOURSE ABILITY BR, P180 Van Leer E, 1999, J COMMUN DISORD, V32, P327, DOI 10.1016/S0021-9924(99)00008-8 WINTER P, 1976, BEAR FLY NR 10 TC 15 Z9 16 PU PSYCHOLOGY PRESS PI HOVE PA 27 CHURCH RD, HOVE BN3 2FA, EAST SUSSEX, ENGLAND SN 0268-7038 J9 APHASIOLOGY JI Aphasiology PY 2003 VL 17 IS 2 BP 173 EP 182 DI 10.1080/02687030244000590 PG 10 WC Clinical Neurology SC Neurosciences & Neurology GA 641UK UT WOS:000180765100006 ER PT J AU Hough, MS Barrow, I AF Hough, MS Barrow, I TI Descriptive discourse abilities of traumatic brain-injured adults SO APHASIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID CLOSED HEAD-INJURY; NARRATIVE DISCOURSE; ADOLESCENTS; CHILDREN; COHESION AB Background: Studies examining the discourse abilities of adults who have suffered traumatic brain injuries (TBI) have revealed that although these individuals display relatively normal language skills on traditional aphasia tests, they demonstrate varying levels of impairment in the coherence, cohesion, and informational content of their extended verbal output. Discourse studies with the TBI population have varied relative to the type of discourse task as well as the level or approach of analysis. One approach to discourse analysis has involved examination of the cognitive functions distinguishing macrostructural and microstructural discourse processing. Macrostructural analyses are global analyses focused at the level of the entire text, dealing with large supra-sentential discourse units. Microstructural analyses are concerned with smaller structural elements in a text and the relations between these elements; the focus is at the local level of the word or sentence. Aims: In the current investigation, three analyses were undertaken to examine descriptive discourse production of five high-functioning TBI adults (three males, two females) who had suffered brain injury as the result of motor vehicle accidents. The first analysis, thematic coherence, is a macrostructural analysis, whereas the other two analyses, cohesion and lexical errors, are microstructural analyses. Methods & Procedures: Two topics, family description and work experience, were used to elicit discourse; performance was compared between the language samples. Each participant's performance was reviewed individually and findings were compared to the mean performance of a group of 15 normal functioning young adults. For thematic coherence, global and local coherence were evaluated and scored separately on different 5-point rating scales. Cohesion analysis involved identification of three types of cohesive ties (closed-class appropriate, open-class appropriate, incomplete cohesion) with scores computed as proportions of total spoken words. Lexical error production included identification of verbal paraphasias and indefinite terms, also computed as proportions of total words spoken. Outcomes & Results: The results revealed that mean coherence ratings for each TBI participant were consistently lower than those observed for the control group, regardless of coherence type (local, global) or discourse topic (family, work). Furthermore, the TBI participants demonstrated greater difficulty with global than local coherence and showed more performance variability among participants in global as compared to local coherence. However, all five TBI adults displayed minimal deficits in lexical production and cohesion. Conclusions: Overall, the findings revealed dissociation of microlinguistic and macrolinguistic cognitive functions in the TBI participants, thus providing support for the distinction between and independent organisation of microstructural and macrostructural discourse components. C1 E Carolina Univ, Greenville, NC 27858 USA. Hampton Univ, Hampton, VA 23668 USA. RP Hough, MS (reprint author), E Carolina Univ, Greenville, NC 27858 USA. CR ASHA, 1997, GUID AUD SCREEN CHAPMAN SB, 1992, BRAIN LANG, V43, P42, DOI 10.1016/0093-934X(92)90020-F Cherney L. R., 1998, ANAL DISCOURSE COMMU Coelho CA, 1991, J HEAD TRAUMA REHAB, V6, P92, DOI 10.1097/00001199-199106000-00011 COELHO CA, 1991, ARCH PHYS MED REHAB, V72, P465 COELHO CA, 1994, DISCOURSE ANAL APPL Deser T., 1990, BRAIN LANG, V40, P67 EHRLICH JS, 1988, J COMMUN DISORD, V21, P1, DOI 10.1016/0021-9924(88)90006-8 Fayol M., 1993, NARRATIVE DISCOURSE Glosser G., 1992, J CLIN EXPT NEUROPSY, V14, P40 Glosser G., 1993, NARRATIVE DISCOURSE GLOSSER G, 1988, J SPEECH HEAR DISORD, V53, P115 Glosser G., 1992, J GERONTOL B-PSYCHOL, V47, P266 Goodglass H, 1983, ASSESSMENT APHASIA R, V2nd HAGEN C, 1984, LANGUAGE DISORDERS A HAGEN C, 1979, INTERVENTION STRATEG Halliday M. A. K., 1989, LANGUAGE CONTEXT TEX Halliday Michael, 1976, COHESION ENGLISH HODGES T, 1998, THESIS CAROLINA U HARTLEY L L, 1991, Brain Injury, V5, P267, DOI 10.3109/02699059109008097 Loban W. D., 1963, LANGUAGE ELEMENTARY MCDONALD S, 1993, BRAIN LANG, V44, P28, DOI 10.1006/brln.1993.1003 MENTIS M, 1987, J SPEECH HEAR RES, V30, P88 Myers P. S., 1999, RIGHT HEMISPHERE DAM PARSONS CL, 1989, AUSTR J HUMAN COMMUN, V17, P37 PIERCE RS, 1990, COGNITIVE LANGUAGE A MENTIS M, 1991, J SPEECH HEAR RES, V34, P583 Snow P, 1997, APHASIOLOGY, V11, P947, DOI 10.1080/02687039708249421 Van Dijk T. A., 1983, STRATEGIES DISCOURSE Van Leer E, 1999, J COMMUN DISORD, V32, P327, DOI 10.1016/S0021-9924(99)00008-8 YLVISAKER M, 1989, TOP LANG DISORD, V9, P34 YLVISAKER M, 1994, LANGUAGE INTERVENTIO NR 32 TC 15 Z9 15 PU PSYCHOLOGY PRESS PI HOVE PA 27 CHURCH RD, HOVE BN3 2FA, EAST SUSSEX, ENGLAND SN 0268-7038 J9 APHASIOLOGY JI Aphasiology PY 2003 VL 17 IS 2 BP 183 EP 191 DI 10.1080/02687030244000608 PG 9 WC Clinical Neurology SC Neurosciences & Neurology GA 641UK UT WOS:000180765100007 ER PT J AU Walker, JP Daigle, T Buzzard, M AF Walker, JP Daigle, T Buzzard, M TI Hemispheric specialisation in processing prosodic structures: Revisited SO APHASIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID BRAIN-DAMAGED ADULTS; DISCOURSE COMPREHENSION; INTONATION; PERCEPTION; CUES; SUPPRESSION; RESOLUTION; CONTOURS; LANGUAGE; ABILITY AB Background: Research addressing prosodic deficits in brain-damaged populations has concentrated on the specialised capabilities of the right and the left cerebral hemispheres in processing the global characteristics of prosody. This focus has been of interest in that the fundamental frequency (F0), duration and intensity acoustic characteristics within a prosodic structure can convey different linguistic and nonlinguistic information. Much of the research investigating this interesting phenomenon has produced conflicting results. As such, different theories have been proposed in an attempt to provide plausible explanations of the conflicting findings regarding hemispheric specialisation in processing prosodic structures. Aims: The purpose of this study was to examine one of the theories, the functional lateralisation theory, through four experiments that altered the linguistic and nonlinguistic functions across a range of prosodic structures. Methods & Procedures: Three groups of subjects participated in each of the four experiments: (1) eight subjects with LHD, (2) eight subjects with RHD, and (3) eight control subjects. The first experiment addressed the extent to which the processing of lexical stress differences would be lateralised to the left or right hemisphere by requiring listeners to determine the meanings and grammatical assignments of two-syllable words conveyed through stressed or unstressed syllables. In another linguistic condition, the second experiment placed demands on syntactic parsing operations by requiring listeners to parse syntactically ambiguous sentences which were disambiguated through the perception of prosodic boundaries located at syntactic junctures. A third linguistic condition required listeners to determine the categorical assignment of a speaker's intention of making a statement or asking a question conveyed through the prosodic structures. The fourth experiment was designed to determine hemispheric lateralisation in processing nonlinguistic prosodic structures. In this experiment, listeners were required to determine the emotional state of a speaker conveyed through the prosodic structures in sentences that contained semantic information which was either congruent or incongruent with the emotional content of the prosodic structures. Results: When subjects were asked to identify lexical stress differences (Experiment 1), syntactically ambiguous sentences (Experiment 2), and questions and statements (Experiment 3) conveyed through prosody, the LHD group demonstrated a significantly poorer performance than the control and RHD groups. When asked to identify emotions conveyed through prosody (Experiment 4), the RHD group demonstrated a significantly poorer performance than the control and LHD groups. Conclusion: These findings support the functional lateralisation theory that proposes a left hemisphere dominance for processing linguistic prosodic structures and a right hemisphere dominance for processing nonlinguistic prosodic structures. C1 Univ Maine, Dept Commun Sci & Disorders, Orono, ME 04469 USA. RP Walker, JP (reprint author), Univ Maine, Dept Commun Sci & Disorders, 339 Dunn Hall, Orono, ME 04469 USA. CR BAUM S, 1998, J SPEECH LANG HEAR R, V14, P31 Baum SR, 1999, APHASIOLOGY, V13, P581 Baum SR, 1997, LANG SPEECH, V40, P313 BEHRENS SJ, 1989, BRAIN LANG, V37, P181, DOI 10.1016/0093-934X(89)90014-X BEHRENS SJ, 1985, BRAIN LANG, V26, P332, DOI 10.1016/0093-934X(85)90047-1 BERNDT RS, 1988, BRAIN LANG, V34, P65, DOI 10.1016/0093-934X(88)90125-3 BLONDER LX, 1991, BRAIN, V114, P1115, DOI 10.1093/brain/114.3.1115 BOROD JC, 1990, J COMMUN DISORD, V23, P247, DOI 10.1016/0021-9924(90)90003-H Burns MS, 1985, RIC EVALUATION COMMU BLUMSTEIN S, 1974, Cortex, V10, P146 DIVENYI PL, 1989, BRAIN LANG, V37, P290, DOI 10.1016/0093-934X(89)90020-5 EMMOREY KD, 1987, BRAIN LANG, V30, P305, DOI 10.1016/0093-934X(87)90105-2 HEILMAN KM, 1984, NEUROLOGY, V34, P917 Kertesz A., 1982, W APHASIA BATTERY LACKNER JR, 1973, NEUROPSYCHOLOGIA, V11, P409, DOI 10.1016/0028-3932(73)90027-4 MOSCICKI EK, 1985, EAR HEARING, V6, P184, DOI 10.1097/00003446-198507000-00003 MUSIEK FE, 1984, EPILEPSY CORPUS CALL Pell MD, 1998, NEUROPSYCHOLOGIA, V36, P701, DOI 10.1016/S0028-3932(98)00008-6 Pell MD, 1997, BRAIN LANG, V57, P80, DOI 10.1006/brln.1997.1638 Pell MD, 1997, BRAIN LANG, V57, P195, DOI 10.1006/brln.1997.1736 Perkins JM, 1996, APHASIOLOGY, V10, P343, DOI 10.1080/02687039608248416 ROBIN DA, 1990, BRAIN LANG, V39, P539, DOI 10.1016/0093-934X(90)90161-9 SHAPIRO LP, 1995, BRAIN LANG, V50, P240, DOI 10.1006/brln.1995.1047 TOMPKING CA, 1985, J SPEECH HEAR RES, V28, P527 Tompkins CA, 2000, J SPEECH LANG HEAR R, V43, P62 TOMPKINS CA, 1985, BRAIN LANG, V24, P185, DOI 10.1016/0093-934X(85)90130-0 Tompkins CA, 1997, APHASIOLOGY, V11, P505, DOI 10.1080/02687039708248487 van Lancker D., 1980, INT J HUMAN COMMUNIC, V13, P227 VANLANCKER D, 1992, J SPEECH HEAR RES, V35, P963 Walker JP, 2001, BRAIN LANG, V78, P169, DOI 10.1006/brln.2001.2454 WEINTRAUB S, 1981, ARCH NEUROL-CHICAGO, V38, P742 WENIGER D, 1984, ADV NEUROLOGY, V42 NR 32 TC 15 Z9 15 PU PSYCHOLOGY PRESS PI HOVE PA 27 CHURCH RD, HOVE BN3 2FA, EAST SUSSEX, ENGLAND SN 0268-7038 J9 APHASIOLOGY JI Aphasiology PD DEC PY 2002 VL 16 IS 12 BP 1155 EP 1172 DI 10.1080/02687030244000392 PG 18 WC Clinical Neurology SC Neurosciences & Neurology GA 611YF UT WOS:000179045000002 ER PT J AU Gahl, S AF Gahl, S TI Lexical biases in aphasic sentence comprehension: An experimental and corpus linguistic study SO APHASIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID BROCAS APHASICS; VERB RETRIEVAL; AUTOMATIC ACCESS; AGRAMMATISM; CONSTRAINTS; COMPLEXITY; PREFERENCE; DEFICIT; TIME; TRANSITIVITY AB Background: This study investigates the role of lexical information in normal and aphasic sentence comprehension. Effects of verb biases in normal comprehension have been well documented in previous studies (e. g., Spivey-Knowlton Sedivy, 1995; Trueswell, Tanenhaus, & Kello, 1993), but their role in aphasic language processing has largely been ignored (with the exceptions of Menn et al., 1998, and Russo, Peach, & Shapiro, 1998). Aims: The aim of the study is to test the lexical bias hypothesis, i.e., the hypothesis that sentence comprehension is influenced by lexical biases in aphasic listeners, as well as in normals. Method & Procedures: Using a sentence plausibility judgement task, we probe for sensitivity to verb transitivity bias, i.e., the likelihood, as estimated from corpus counts, that a verb will be transitive, rather than intransitive. Five normal controls and eighteen participants with aphasia (six with Broca's aphasia, four with Wernicke's aphasia, two with conduction aphasia, and six with anomic aphasia) are included in the study. Based on the lexical bias hypothesis, we predicted that participants would make more errors in sentences with a mismatch of verb bias and syntactic structure, such as a transitive sentence containing a verb with intransitive bias. Outcomes & Results: Both the group of normal controls and the mixed group of aphasic patients make significantly more errors on sentences in which there is a mismatch between verb bias and syntactic structure, as predicted by the lexical bias hypothesis. Specifically, patients with fluent aphasia types, particularly anomic aphasia, show a sensitivity to verb bias, contrary to earlier findings. Conclusions: These results are consistent with the view that lexical factors, not purely syntactic ones, are to blame for many previously observed patterns in aphasic comprehension. The results are further consistent with the view that many aphasic errors differ not qualitatively but quantitatively from normal comprehension errors. C1 Harvard Univ, Dept Linguist, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. RP Gahl, S (reprint author), Univ Illinois, Beckman Inst, 2143, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. CR BATES E, 1987, BRAIN LANG, V32, P19, DOI 10.1016/0093-934X(87)90116-7 Berndt RS, 1996, COGNITION, V58, P289, DOI 10.1016/0010-0277(95)00682-6 Berndt RS, 1997, BRAIN LANG, V60, P197, DOI 10.1006/brln.1997.1799 Berndt RS, 1999, BRAIN LANG, V67, P242, DOI 10.1006/brln.1999.2130 Berndt RS, 1997, BRAIN LANG, V56, P107 BERNDT RS, 1991, BRAIN LANG, V41, P597, DOI 10.1016/0093-934X(91)90177-3 Berndt RS, 1997, BRAIN LANG, V56, P68 Blumstein SE, 1998, BRAIN LANG, V61, P149, DOI 10.1006/brln.1997.1839 BOCK JK, 1986, COGNITIVE PSYCHOL, V18, P355, DOI 10.1016/0010-0285(86)90004-6 Boland JE, 1995, J MEM LANG, V34, P774, DOI 10.1006/jmla.1995.1034 CAPLAN D, 1985, COGNITION, V21, P117, DOI 10.1016/0010-0277(85)90048-4 CARAMAZZA A, 1976, BRAIN LANG, V3, P572, DOI 10.1016/0093-934X(76)90048-1 Clifton C., 1996, CONSTRUAL CLIFTON C, 1984, J VERB LEARN VERB BE, V23, P696, DOI 10.1016/S0022-5371(84)90426-2 COHEN J, 1993, BEHAV RES METH INSTR, V25, P257, DOI 10.3758/BF03204507 DAMASIO AR, 1993, P NATL ACAD SCI USA, V90, P4957, DOI 10.1073/pnas.90.11.4957 DAVIS GA, 1989, J SPEECH HEAR RES, V32, P143 Dell GS, 1997, PSYCHOL REV, V104, P801, DOI 10.1037/0033-295X.104.4.801 FERREIRA F, 2002, UNPUB MISINTERPRETAT Ferreira F, 2002, CURR DIR PSYCHOL SCI, V11, P11, DOI 10.1111/1467-8721.00158 FERREIRA F, 1990, J EXP PSYCHOL LEARN, V16, P555, DOI 10.1037/0278-7393.16.4.555 FRAZIER L, 1995, J PSYCHOLINGUIST RES, V24, P437, DOI 10.1007/BF02143161 FRIEDERICI AD, 1988, APHASIOLOGY, V2, P279, DOI 10.1080/02687038808248924 GAHL S, 1998, P 1998 COLING ACL C, V1, P428 GAHL S, 1998, P 8 EURALEX INT C LI, V2, P445 GAHL S, 2002, BRAIN COGNITION GAHL S, 2000, THESIS UC BERKELEY Garnsey SM, 1997, J MEM LANG, V37, P58, DOI 10.1006/jmla.1997.2512 GERRATT BR, 1987, BRAIN LANG, V30, P106, DOI 10.1016/0093-934X(87)90031-9 Givon Talmy, 1979, UNDERSTANDING GRAMMA Goodglass H., 1968, DEV APPL PSYCHOLINGU, P177 Goodglass H., 1983, BOSTON DIAGNOSTIC AP, V2nd GOTTFRIED M, 1997, BRAIN LANG, V60, P37 GRISHMAN R, 1994, COL 1994 KYOT HAARMANN HJ, 1991, COGNITIVE SCI, V15, P49, DOI 10.1207/s15516709cog1501_2 HAARMANN HJ, 1994, BRAIN LANG, V47, P389 HAARMANN HJ, 1994, BRAIN LANG, V46, P493, DOI 10.1006/brln.1994.1028 Hagoort P, 1997, BRAIN LANG, V56, P287, DOI 10.1006/brln.1997.1849 HAGOORT P, 1993, BRAIN LANG, V45, P189, DOI 10.1006/brln.1993.1043 Hartsuiker RJ, 1998, BRAIN LANG, V62, P221, DOI 10.1006/brln.1997.1905 JONES EV, 1984, ADV NEUROPSYCHOLOGY, V42 Jonkers R, 1997, BRAIN LANG, V60, P33 JONKERS R, 1998, GRONINGEN DISSERTATI, V25 Jonkers R, 1996, BRAIN LANG, V55, P37 KEGL J, 1995, BRAIN LANG, V50, P151, DOI 10.1006/brln.1995.1044 Kertesz A., 1982, W APHASIA BATTERY Kim M, 1998, BRAIN LANG, V65, P30 KOHN SE, 1989, CORTEX, V25, P57 LALAMI L, 1997, THESIS U SO CALIFORN MacDonald MC, 1997, LANG COGNITIVE PROC, V12, P121, DOI 10.1080/016909697386826 MACDONALD MC, 1994, LANG COGNITIVE PROC, V9, P157, DOI 10.1080/01690969408402115 Marin JW, 1998, BRAIN LANG, V65, P174 MCELREE B, 1993, J MEM LANG, V32, P536, DOI 10.1006/jmla.1993.1028 Menn L., 1985, AGRAMMATISM, P1 Menn L, 1998, BRAIN LANG, V61, P183, DOI 10.1006/brln.1997.1838 Menn L, 2000, BRAIN LANG, V71, P157, DOI 10.1006/brln.1999.2239 MEYERS A, 1995, COMLEX SYNTAX 2 0 MA MICELI G, 1984, CORTEX, V20, P207 MICELI G, 1988, APHASIOLOGY, V2, P351, DOI 10.1080/02687038808248937 MILBERG W, 1988, BRAIN LANG, V34, P279, DOI 10.1016/0093-934X(88)90139-3 Mitchell D. C., 1989, LANG COGNITIVE PROC, V4, P123, DOI 10.1080/01690968908406366 MITCHELL DC, 1995, J PSYCHOLINGUIST RES, V24, P469, DOI 10.1007/BF02143162 Mitchell P, 1993, COMPUTATIONAL LINGUI, V19, P313 MIYAKE A, 1994, COGNITIVE NEUROPSYCH, V11, P671, DOI 10.1080/02643299408251989 OBLER LK, 1991, APPL PSYCHOLINGUIST, V12, P433, DOI 10.1017/S0142716400005865 ROLAND D, 2000, P WORKSH COMP CORP H, P28, DOI 10.3115/1604683.1604691 Russo KD, 1998, APHASIOLOGY, V12, P537, DOI 10.1080/02687039808249556 SCHWARTZ MF, 1980, BRAIN LANG, V10, P249, DOI 10.1016/0093-934X(80)90055-3 SHAPIRO LP, 1990, CLIN APHASIOLOGY SHAPIRO LP, 1993, J MEM LANG, V32, P96, DOI 10.1006/jmla.1993.1006 SILVER LS, 1992, J PSYCHOLINGUIST RES, V21, P317, DOI 10.1007/BF01067919 SPIVEYKNOWLTON M, 1995, COGNITION, V55, P227, DOI 10.1016/0010-0277(94)00647-4 Stevenson S, 1997, LANG COGNITIVE PROC, V12, P349 SWAAB T, 1995, BRAIN LANG, V51, P159 Swaab T, 1997, J COGNITIVE NEUROSCI, V9, P39, DOI 10.1162/jocn.1997.9.1.39 Swinney D, 1989, J Cogn Neurosci, V1, P25, DOI 10.1162/jocn.1989.1.1.25 TRUESWELL JC, 1993, J EXP PSYCHOL LEARN, V19, P528, DOI 10.1037//0278-7393.19.3.528 TYLER LK, 1995, BRAIN LANG, V48, P131, DOI 10.1006/brln.1995.1007 TYLER LK, 1994, NEUROPSYCHOLOGIA, V32, P1001, DOI 10.1016/0028-3932(94)90049-3 WILLIAMS SE, 1987, BRAIN LANG, V32, P124, DOI 10.1016/0093-934X(87)90120-9 NR 80 TC 17 Z9 17 PU PSYCHOLOGY PRESS PI HOVE PA 27 CHURCH RD, HOVE BN3 2FA, EAST SUSSEX, ENGLAND SN 0268-7038 J9 APHASIOLOGY JI Aphasiology PD DEC PY 2002 VL 16 IS 12 BP 1173 EP 1198 DI 10.1080/02687030244000428 PG 26 WC Clinical Neurology SC Neurosciences & Neurology GA 611YF UT WOS:000179045000003 ER PT J AU Madden, ML Oelschlaeger, ML AF Madden, ML Oelschlaeger, ML TI The conversational value of laughter for a person with aphasia SO APHASIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID QUALITATIVE METHODS; WORD; STRATEGIES; REPAIR AB Background: In clinical aphasiology, laughter has been mentioned as an important ingredient in treatment but few studies have directly investigated its contribution. Aims: To increase our understanding, we designed this study to specifically investigate laughter as a conversational resource. Methods & Procedures: A naturally occurring conversation was videotaped and subsequently reviewed to identify conversational segments that included the laughter of a person with aphasia. Using conversational analysis, 47 laughter segments were coded and categorised to reveal similarities and differences in their sequential organisation. Outcomes & Results: Results showed four ways in which laughter was used to achieve conversational goals: as a turn-taking cue, a display of understanding, an orienting cue, and as instruction to hear. Descriptive comparison of laughter uses in aphasic and nonaphasic conversation showed similarities in organisational structure of laughter segments but differences in conversational context. Laughter was frequently associated with "trouble spots'' in this study: no report of laughter associated with "trouble spots'' was noted in nonaphasic literature. Conclusions: From a theoretical perspective, these results, in concert with those from previous studies of conversation, provide evidence that a nonlinguistic behaviour-laughter-contributes to the re-establishment of social interaction and meaning-making despite linguistic deficits. From a clinical perspective, laughter may be recognised as a viable conversational strategy, allowing for increased communicative access that positively impacts perceptions of competence and psychosocial well-being of persons with aphasia. C1 No Arizona Univ, Dept Commun Sci & Disorders, Flagstaff, AZ 86011 USA. Univ Louisiana, Lafayette, LA USA. RP Oelschlaeger, ML (reprint author), No Arizona Univ, Dept Commun Sci & Disorders, POB 15045, Flagstaff, AZ 86011 USA. CR Atkinson J. M., 1984, STRUCTURES SOCIAL AC BEESON P, 1994, APHASIA GROUPS APPRO BERK LS, 1989, AM J MED SCI, V298, P390, DOI 10.1097/00000441-198912000-00006 COCHRANE M, 1983, TREATING LANGAUGE DI, P143 Damico JS, 1999, APHASIOLOGY, V13, P651 Damico JS, 1999, APHASIOLOGY, V13, P667 FERGUSON A, 1994, APHASIOLOGY, V8, P143, DOI 10.1080/02687039408248647 FERGUSON A, 1992, CLIN APHASIOLOGY, V21, P299 GLENN P, 1998, THESIS U TEXAS AUSTI Glenn P.J., 1991, RES LANG SOC INTERAC, V25, P139 GOODWIN C, 1995, RES LANG SOC INTERAC, V28, P233, DOI 10.1207/s15327973rlsi2803_4 GOODWIN MH, 1986, SEMIOTICA, V62, P51 Holland A, 1996, TOP STROKE REHABIL, V2, P27 Jefferson G., 1985, HDB DISCOURSE ANAL, VIII, P25 Jefferson G, 1987, TALK SOCIAL ORG, P152 Jefferson G, 1984, STRUCTURES SOCIAL AC, P346 Jefferson G, 1987, TALK SOCIAL ORG, P86 Jefferson Gail, 1979, EVERYDAY LANGUAGE ST, P79 Kagan A, 1998, APHASIOLOGY, V12, P816, DOI 10.1080/02687039808249575 Kertesz A., 1982, W APHASIA BATTERY KLIPPI A, 1991, APHASIOLOGY, V5, P373, DOI 10.1080/02687039108248538 Lindsay J, 1999, APHASIOLOGY, V13, P305 Lyon J, 1992, AM J SPEECH-LANG PAT, V1, P7 Lyon JG, 1999, APHASIOLOGY, V13, P689, DOI 10.1080/026870399401795 Norris MR, 1998, J NEUROLINGUIST, V11, P391, DOI 10.1016/S0911-6044(98)00026-8 O'Donnell-Trujillo N., 1983, W J SPEECH COMMUNICA, V47, P175 Oelschlaeger ML, 1999, AM J SPEECH-LANG PAT, V8, P62 Oelschlaeger ML, 2000, J COMMUN DISORD, V33, P205, DOI 10.1016/S0021-9924(00)00019-8 Oelschlaeger ML, 1998, CLIN LINGUIST PHONET, V12, P459, DOI 10.3109/02699209808985238 Oelschlaeger ML, 1998, APHASIOLOGY, V12, P971, DOI 10.1080/02687039808249464 PACHE I, 1992, WORKING PAPERS LANGU, V2, P87 POTTER RE, 1983, J COMMUN DISORD, V16, P41, DOI 10.1016/0021-9924(83)90025-4 SACKS H, 1992, LECT CONSERVATION, V1 Sacks H., 1992, LECT CONSERVATION, VII SACKS H, 1974, LANGUAGE, V50, P696, DOI 10.2307/412243 Sacks H., 1974, EXPLORATIONS ETHNOGR, P337 SCHEGLOF.EA, 1968, AM ANTHROPOL, V70, P1075, DOI 10.1525/aa.1968.70.6.02a00030 SCHLEGLOFF EA, 1977, LANGUAGA, V53, P361 Simmons-Mackie N. N., 1996, AM J SPEECH-LANG PAT, V5, P37 SimmonsMackie NN, 1997, APHASIOLOGY, V11, P761, DOI 10.1080/02687039708250455 STEWART S, 1997, ANN M C LING LIT DEN NR 41 TC 12 Z9 12 PU PSYCHOLOGY PRESS PI HOVE PA 27 CHURCH RD, HOVE BN3 2FA, EAST SUSSEX, ENGLAND SN 0268-7038 J9 APHASIOLOGY JI Aphasiology PD DEC PY 2002 VL 16 IS 12 BP 1199 EP 1212 DI 10.1080/02687030244000437 PG 14 WC Clinical Neurology SC Neurosciences & Neurology GA 611YF UT WOS:000179045000004 ER PT J AU Whelan, BM Murdoch, BE Theodoros, DG AF Whelan, BM Murdoch, BE Theodoros, DG TI A role for the dominant thalamus in language? A linguistic comparison of two cases subsequent to unilateral thalamotomy procedures in the dominant and non-dominant hemispheres SO APHASIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID INTERACTIVE ACTIVATION MODEL; VENTROLATERAL THALAMOTOMY; STEREOTAXIC THALAMOTOMY; PARKINSONS-DISEASE; STIMULATION; ALZHEIMERS; PERCEPTION; DEMENTIA; APHASIA; MEMORY AB Background: Thalamotomy has been reported to be successful in ameliorating the motor symptoms of tremor and/or rigidity in people with Parkinson's disease (PD), emphasising the bona fide contribution of this subcortical nucleus to the neural circuitry subserving motor function. Despite evidence of parallel yet segregated associative and motor cortico-subcortical-cortical circuits, comparatively few studies have investigated the effects of this procedure on cognitive functions. In particular, research pertaining to the impact of thalamotomy on linguistic processes is fundamentally lacking. Aims: The purpose of this research was to investigate the effects of thalamotomy in the language dominant and non-dominant hemispheres on linguistic functioning, relative to operative theoretical models of subcortical participation in language. This paper compares the linguistic profiles of two males with PD, aged 75 years (10 years of formal education) and 62 years (22 years of formal education), subsequent to unilateral thalamotomy procedures within the language dominant and non-dominant hemispheres, respectively. Methods & Procedures: Comprehensive linguistic profiles comprising general and high-level linguistic abilities in addition to on-line semantic processing skills were compiled up to 1 month prior to surgery and 3 months post-operatively, within perceived "on'' periods (i.e., when optimally medicated). Pre- and post-operative language performances were compared within-subjects to a group of 16 non-surgical Parkinson's controls (NSPD) and a group of 16 non-neurologically impaired adults (NC). Outcomes & Results: The findings of this research suggest a laterality effect with regard to the contribution of the thalamus to high-level linguistic abilities and, potentially, the temporal processing of semantic information. This outcome supports the application of high-level linguistic assessments and measures of semantic processing proficiency to the clinical management of individuals with dominant thalamic lesions. Conclusions: The results reported lend support to contemporary theories of dominant thalamic participation in language, serving to further elucidate our current understanding of the role of subcortical structures in mediating linguistic processes, relevant to cortical hemispheric dominance. C1 Univ Queensland, Dept Speech Pathol & Audiol, Brisbane, Qld 4072, Australia. Mater Private Hosp, Brisbane, Australia. RP Whelan, BM (reprint author), Univ Queensland, Dept Speech Pathol & Audiol, Brisbane, Qld 4072, Australia. RI Theodoros, Deborah/F-1362-2010; Murdoch, Bruce/C-1397-2012 CR ALMGREN PE, 1969, SCAND J PSYCHOL, V10, P243, DOI 10.1111/j.1467-9450.1969.tb00033.x ALMGREN PE, 1972, CONFIN NEUROL, V34, P162 Azuma T, 1997, J MEM LANG, V36, P484, DOI 10.1006/jmla.1997.2502 Chenery HJ, 1996, APHASIOLOGY, V10, P423, DOI 10.1080/02687039608248423 CROSSON B, 1985, BRAIN LANG, V25, P257, DOI 10.1016/0093-934X(85)90085-9 Crosson Bruce A., 1992, SUBCORTICAL FUNCTION DARLEY FL, 1975, BRAIN LANG, V2, P65, DOI 10.1016/S0093-934X(75)80054-X Fukuda M, 2000, STEREOT FUNCT NEUROS, V74, P11, DOI 10.1159/000056458 HOEHN MM, 1967, NEUROLOGY, V17, P427 Hugdahl K, 2000, BRAIN COGNITION, V42, P231, DOI 10.1006/brcg.1999.1102 HUGDAHL K, 1990, BRAIN LANG, V39, P1, DOI 10.1016/0093-934X(90)90001-W Huisingh R., 1990, WORD TEST REVISED TE JACOBS AM, 1992, J EXP PSYCHOL HUMAN, V18, P1174, DOI 10.1037/0096-1523.18.4.1174 Johnson MD, 2000, BRAIN COGNITION, V42, P218, DOI 10.1006/brcg.1999.1101 Kaplan E, 1983, BOSTON NAMING TEST LaBarge E, 1992, NEUROPSYCHOLOGY, V6, P77, DOI 10.1037//0894-4105.6.1.77 LEDORZE G, 1989, BRAIN LANG, V37, P381 LundJohansen M, 1996, J NEUROL NEUROSUR PS, V60, P564, DOI 10.1136/jnnp.60.5.564 Mattis S., 1988, DEMENTIA RATING SCAL MCCLELLAND JL, 1981, PSYCHOL REV, V88, P375, DOI 10.1037/0033-295X.88.5.375 MCCLELLAND JL, 1985, J EXPT PSYCHOL GEN, V114, P15 MURDOCH BE, 1996, EVALUATING THEORIES, P137 Nadeau SE, 1997, BRAIN LANG, V58, P355, DOI 10.1006/brln.1997.1707 OJEMANN G, 1975, J NEUROL NEUROSUR PS, V38, P408, DOI 10.1136/jnnp.38.4.408-a Ojemann G. A., 1976, STUDIES NEUROLINGUIS, V1, P103 RIKLAN M, 1969, PERCEPT MOTOR SKILL, V28, P723 ROSSITCH E, 1988, SURG NEUROL, V29, P11, DOI 10.1016/0090-3019(88)90116-4 RUBENSTE.H, 1970, J VERB LEARN VERB BE, V9, P487, DOI 10.1016/S0022-5371(70)80091-3 SAMARA K, 1969, J SPEECH HEAR RES, V12, P510 SMITH SR, 1989, BRAIN LANG, V36, P314, DOI 10.1016/0093-934X(89)90068-0 Spreen O., 1969, NEUROSENSORY CTR COM TROSTER AI, 1989, BRAIN LANG, V37, P500, DOI 10.1016/0093-934X(89)90032-1 Troster AI, 2000, BRAIN COGNITION, V42, P173, DOI 10.1006/brcg.1999.1098 VANORDEN GC, 1994, J EXP PSYCHOL HUMAN, V20, P1269, DOI 10.1037//0096-1523.20.6.1269 VILKKI J, 1974, NEUROPSYCHOLOGIA, V12, P11, DOI 10.1016/0028-3932(74)90022-0 VILKKI J, 1976, NEUROPSYCHOLOGIA, V14, P67, DOI 10.1016/0028-3932(76)90008-7 Wallesch C. W., 1988, APHASIA WARRINGTON EK, 1984, BRAIN, V107, P829, DOI 10.1093/brain/107.3.829 Wester K, 1997, STEREOT FUNCT NEUROS, V69, P80, DOI 10.1159/000099856 Wiig E. H., 1992, TEST WORD KNOWLEDGE WIIG EH, 1974, PERCEPT MOTOR SKILL, V38, P171 Wiig EH, 1989, TEST LANGUAGE COMPET NR 42 TC 11 Z9 11 PU PSYCHOLOGY PRESS PI HOVE PA 27 CHURCH RD, HOVE BN3 2FA, EAST SUSSEX, ENGLAND SN 0268-7038 J9 APHASIOLOGY JI Aphasiology PD DEC PY 2002 VL 16 IS 12 BP 1213 EP 1226 DI 10.1080/02687030244000446 PG 14 WC Clinical Neurology SC Neurosciences & Neurology GA 611YF UT WOS:000179045000005 ER PT J AU Hickin, J Best, W Herbert, R Howard, D Osborne, F AF Hickin, J Best, W Herbert, R Howard, D Osborne, F TI Phonological therapy for word-finding difficulties: A re-evaluation SO APHASIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID GENERATED PHONEMIC CUES; APHASIA; RETRIEVAL; FACILITATION; DEFICITS; ANEMIA; LANGUAGE; SPEECH; DAMAGE AB Background: Treatments for word-finding difficulties in aphasia using semantic techniques have been shown to be effective (e. g., Marshall, Pound, White-Thomson, & Pring, 1990). The evidence with regard to phonological treatment is more equivocal, however, with some studies reporting only short-term improvement in word retrieval (e. g., Howard, Patterson, Franklin, Orchard-Lisle, & Morton, 1985a) and other studies reporting lasting effects (e. g., Miceli, Amitrano, Capasso, & Caramazza, 1996). There is also little in the literature on the use of orthographic cues in treatment (Howard & Harding, 1998). Additionally, whereas several studies have reported the results of using cues in facilitation of word-finding difficulties (e. g., Patterson, Purrell, & Morton, 1983), none so far has attempted to relate response to facilitation and response to treatment using similar techniques in the same individuals. Aims: This study set out to investigate whether the use of phonological and orthographic cues in the treatment of word-finding difficulties could produce lasting improvements in word retrieval. The response of the participants to phonological and orthographic cues in a facilitation study was also related to their response to treatment using similar cues. Methods & Procedures: The study used a case series design. The participants were eight people with acquired aphasia who were all at least 1 year post-onset, had a single left CVA, and had word-finding difficulties as a significant aspect of their aphasia. Detailed assessment of each participant was carried out to identify the nature of their word-finding difficulties and this was related to response to treatment. Outcomes & Results: Results are given for the eight participants, seven of whom benefited overall from treatment. Both phonological and orthographic cues were effective in improving word retrieval. For the group as a whole there was a significant correlation between the overall outcome of facilitation and response to treatment. Conclusions: The theoretical and clinical implications of the relationship between the individual's level of language impairment and their response to therapy are discussed. It is also suggested that the results from facilitation appear to have potential in predicting the outcome of phonological/orthographic therapy with aphasic participants. Finally, it is concluded that phonological and orthographic treatments for word-finding difficulties can be highly effective and that they represent an under-utilised and under-researched tool in the clinician's armoury. C1 De Montfort Univ, Div Psychol & Speech & Language Therapy, Leicester LE7 9SU, Leics, England. UCL, London, England. Univ Newcastle Upon Tyne, Newcastle Upon Tyne NE1 7RU, Tyne & Wear, England. Univ London Birkbeck Coll, London WC1E 7HX, England. RP Hickin, J (reprint author), De Montfort Univ, Div Psychol & Speech & Language Therapy, Scraptoft Campus, Leicester LE7 9SU, Leics, England. EM JHickin@dmu.ac.uk RI Herbert, Ruth/I-4760-2013 OI Herbert, Ruth/0000-0002-7139-1091 CR BARRY C, 1991, BRIT APH SOC C SHEFF Basso A, 2001, BRAIN LANG, V77, P45, DOI 10.1006/brln.2000.2422 Best W, 2002, APHASIOLOGY, V16, P151 Best W, 2000, BRAIN LANG, V74, P435 Best W, 1997, NEUROPSYCHOL REHABIL, V7, P105 Bird H, 1996, J NEUROLINGUIST, V9, P187, DOI 10.1016/0911-6044(96)00006-1 BRUCE C, 1987, BRIT J DISORD COMMUN, V22, P191 BRUCE C, 1988, NEUROPSYCHOLOGIA, V26, P253, DOI 10.1016/0028-3932(88)90078-4 BYNG S, 1995, EUR J DISORDER COMM, V30, P303 BYNG S, 1993, BRIT APH SOC C WARW CARAMAZZA A, 1993, NEUROPSYCHOL REHABIL, V3, P217, DOI 10.1080/09602019308401437 Davis A., 1991, NEUROPSYCHOL REHABIL, V1, P135, DOI 10.1080/09602019108401387 DELL GS, 1986, PSYCHOL REV, V93, P283, DOI 10.1037//0033-295X.93.3.283 Franklin S., 1992, ADA COMPREHENSION BA Hatfield M. H., 1987, APHASIA THERAPY HERBERT R, 2002, UNPUB COMBINING LEXI HICKIN J, 1997, BRIT APH SOC C MANCH HICKIN J, IN PRESS 2 APHASIA T Horton S, 2000, INT J LANG COMM DIS, V35, P355 HOWARD D, 1985, BRAIN, V108, P817 Howard D., 2000, ACQUIRED NEUROGENIC HOWARD D, 1985, COGNITIVE NEUROPSYCH, V2, P49, DOI 10.1080/02643298508252861 Howard D., 1992, PYRAMIDS PALM TREES Howard D, 1998, APHASIOLOGY, V12, P399, DOI 10.1080/02687039808249540 HOWARD D, 1986, BRIT J DISORD COMMUN, V21, P89 LESSER R, 1995, NEUROPSYCHOL REHABIL, V5, P67, DOI 10.1080/09602019508520176 Levelt WJM, 1999, BEHAV BRAIN SCI, V22, P1 MARSHALL J, 1990, APHASIOLOGY, V4, P167, DOI 10.1080/02687039008249068 Miceli G, 1996, BRAIN LANG, V52, P150, DOI 10.1006/brln.1996.0008 Nettleton J., 1991, J NEUROLINGUIST, V6, P139, DOI 10.1016/0911-6044(91)90004-3 Nickels L, 1996, APHASIOLOGY, V10, P109, DOI 10.1080/02687039608248401 NICKELS L, 1992, COGNITIVE NEUROPSYCH, V9, P155, DOI 10.1080/02643299208252057 Osborne F, 1998, Int J Lang Commun Disord, V33 Suppl, P208 Parr S., 1997, TALKING APHASIA PATTERSON KE, 1983, APHASIA THERAPY, P76 Ralph MAL, 1999, COGN NEUROPSYCHOL, V16, P157, DOI 10.1080/026432999380933 RAYMER AM, 1993, APHASIOLOGY, V7, P27, DOI 10.1080/02687039308249498 Robertson IH, 1999, PSYCHOL BULL, V125, P544, DOI 10.1037/0033-2909.125.5.544 Robey RR, 1999, APHASIOLOGY, V13, P445 Robey RR, 1998, J SPEECH LANG HEAR R, V41, P172 SWINBURN K, 2002, UNPUB COMPREHENSIVE NR 41 TC 71 Z9 71 PU PSYCHOLOGY PRESS PI HOVE PA 27 CHURCH RD, HOVE BN3 2FA, EAST SUSSEX, ENGLAND SN 0268-7038 J9 APHASIOLOGY JI Aphasiology PD OCT PY 2002 VL 16 IS 10-11 BP 981 EP 999 DI 10.1080/02687030244000509 PG 19 WC Clinical Neurology SC Neurosciences & Neurology GA 611PF UT WOS:000179026400002 ER PT J AU Rose, M Douglas, J Matyas, T AF Rose, M Douglas, J Matyas, T TI The comparative effectiveness of gesture and verbal treatments for a specific phonologic naming impairment SO APHASIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID ICONIC HAND GESTURES; WORD MATCHING TASKS; LEXICAL ACCESS; SPEECH PRODUCTION; APHASIA; RETRIEVAL; PATIENT; THERAPY; FAMILIARITY; MOVEMENTS AB Background: Arm and hand gesture has been considered a potential facilitator of word production (Skelly, Schinsky, Smith, & Fust, 1974), and gesture is often considered as a therapeutic modality for the treatment of aphasia (Rao, 1994), but there is limited empirical evidence of the efficacy of gesture-based treatments. Models of the relationship between word production and gesture production have been developed (Hadar & Butterworth, 1997; Krauss & Hadar, 1999) but they are currently under-specified and provide little guidance as to whether gesture might be an efficacious treatment for word production deficits arising from particular underlying levels of impairment. Aims: This study had two main aims: First, to examine the comparative facilitation effects of gesture production and visualisation processes on object naming skills, and second, to compare the effectiveness of three types of treatment, gesture, verbal, and combined verbal plus gesture, for word production deficits arising from impairment at the level of phonological access and encoding. Methods & Procedures: A 68-year-old female, AB, participated in the study. AB sustained a single, left, frontoparietal, subarachnoid haemorrhage 6 months prior to the study, which resulted in a highly specific, mild, phonologic access and encoding impairment. AB initially participated in a trial comparing the relative effectiveness of gesture and visualisation processes for facilitating oral picture naming. A controlled multiple-baseline single-case experiment was then carried out comparing the three naming treatments. Outcomes & Results: The use of iconic gesture was found to significantly facilitate picture naming. Pointing, visualisation, and cued articulation produced negligible change from baseline rates. Clinically and statistically significant treatment effects were found for all three treatment conditions, with only marginal differences between conditions. Improvements made in picture naming were maintained at 1 and 3 month follow-up assessments and generalisation of enhanced object naming was found with novel stimuli and during spontaneous conversation. Conclusions: The results supported Krauss and Hadar's (1999) model of speech and gesture production, suggesting frank interaction between the kinesic monitor of the gesture production system and the formulator of the word production system. The results caution clinicians to question the long-held axiom of the superiority of multi-modality treatments, and encourage clinicians to consider the underlying knowledge and processes generated by particular treatment protocols, rather than simply the modality in which the treatment is transmitted. C1 La Trobe Univ, Sch Human Commun Sci, Bundoora, Vic 3086, Australia. RP Rose, M (reprint author), La Trobe Univ, Sch Human Commun Sci, Bundoora, Vic 3086, Australia. RI Douglas, Jacinta/C-2380-2009 CR ANDERSON J, 1990, COGNITIVE PSYCHOL IT, P256 Beattie G, 1999, SEMIOTICA, V123, P1, DOI 10.1515/semi.1999.123.1-2.1 Beattie G, 1999, BRIT J PSYCHOL, V90, P35, DOI 10.1348/000712699161251 Beattie G, 2000, BRIT J PSYCHOL, V91, P473, DOI 10.1348/000712600161943 BEATTIE G, 1994, SEMIOTICA, V99, P239, DOI 10.1515/semi.1994.99.3-4.239 Beattie G, 1998, SEMIOTICA, V119, P221, DOI 10.1515/semi.1998.119.3-4.221 Best W., 1997, LANGUAGE DISORDERS C, P102 BRICKENKAMP R, 1981, TEST DI CONCENTRATIO Bryden M, 1982, LATERALITY FUNCTIONA, P157 Butterworth B., 1978, RECENT ADV PSYCHOL L, P347 BUTTERWORTH B, 1981, JARGONAPHASIA, P113 Capirci O, 1996, J CHILD LANG, V23, P645 Cappa SF, 1997, COGNITION, V65, P1, DOI 10.1016/S0010-0277(97)00024-3 CODE C, 1986, BRIT J DISORD COMMUN, V21, P11 Coelho C., 1991, CLIN APHASIOLOGY, V19, P209 Conlon C., 1991, CLIN APHASIOLOGY, V19, P185 Dabul B. L., 1979, APRAXIA BATTERY ADUL Dell GS, 1997, PSYCHOL REV, V104, P801, DOI 10.1037/0033-295X.104.4.801 DITTMAN AT, 1972, STUDIES DYADIC COMMU, P135 Efron David, 1972, GESTURE RACE CULTURE EKMAN P, 1972, J COMMUN, V22, P353, DOI 10.1111/j.1460-2466.1972.tb00163.x Feyereisen P, 1997, J MEM LANG, V36, P13, DOI 10.1006/jmla.1995.2458 Francis N., 1982, FREQUENCY ANAL ENGLI Freedman N., 1972, STUDIES DYADIC COMMU, P153 Frick D., 1998, AM J PSYCHOL, V3, P43 FRICK DJ, 1991, THESIS U N CAROLINA Goldin-Meadow S, 1998, NEW DIRECTIONS CHILD, V79, P29 Goodwyn S. W., 1998, NEW DIR CHILD ADOLES, V79, P61 Gorman B. S., 1996, DESIGN ANAL SINGLE C, P159 Hadar U, 1998, LANG COGNITIVE PROC, V13, P59, DOI 10.1080/016909698386591 Hadar U, 1998, BRAIN LANG, V62, P107, DOI 10.1006/brln.1997.1890 Hadar U, 1997, SEMIOTICA, V115, P147, DOI 10.1515/semi.1997.115.1-2.147 BUTTERWORTH B, 1989, PSYCHOL REV, V96, P168, DOI 10.1037//0033-295X.96.1.168 Hadar U, 1999, J NEUROLINGUIST, V12, P1, DOI 10.1016/S0911-6044(99)00001-9 HADAR U, 1994, J NEUROLINGUIST, V8, P57, DOI 10.1016/0911-6044(94)90007-8 HANLON RE, 1990, BRAIN LANG, V38, P298, DOI 10.1016/0093-934X(90)90116-X Helm-Estabrooks N., 1992, TEST ORAL LIMB APRAX Hillis A. E., 1991, CLIN APHASIOLOGY, V19, P255 Hillis A. E., 1994, LANGUAGE INTERVENTIO, P207 Hoodin R., 1983, CLIN APHASIOLOGY C P, P62 HOWARD D, 1985, BRAIN, V108, P817 HOWARD D, 1985, COGNITIVE NEUROPSYCH, V2, P49, DOI 10.1080/02643298508252861 Howard D., 1992, PYRAMIDS PALM TREES Kay J., 1992, PSYCHOLINGUISTIC ASS Kendon A., 1980, RELATIONSHIP VERBAL, P207 Kendon Adam, 1988, CROSS CULTURAL PERSP, P131 Kertesz A., 1982, W APHASIA BATTERY Klima E, 1979, SIGNS LANGUAGE Krauss R., 1999, GESTURE SPEECH SIGN, P63 LEVELT W, 1989, SPEAKING INTENTION A LEVELT WJM, 1985, J MEM LANG, V24, P133, DOI 10.1016/0749-596X(85)90021-X Levelt WJM, 1999, BEHAV BRAIN SCI, V22, P1 MARSHALL J, 1990, APHASIOLOGY, V4, P167, DOI 10.1080/02687039008249068 Matyas TA, 1996, DESIGN ANAL SINGLE C, P215 MATYAS TA, 1990, J APPL BEHAV ANAL, V23, P341, DOI 10.1901/jaba.1990.23-341 McNeill D., 1992, HAND MIND WHAT GESTU MCNEILL D, 1985, PSYCHOL REV, V92, P350, DOI 10.1037//0033-295X.92.3.350 McNeill D., 1990, CEREBRAL CONTROL SPE, P203 Miceli G, 1996, BRAIN LANG, V52, P150, DOI 10.1006/brln.1996.0008 MORRELSAMUELS P, 1992, J EXP PSYCHOL LEARN, V18, P615, DOI 10.1037/0278-7393.18.3.615 Nickels L, 1999, CLIN LINGUIST PHONET, V13, P269 Nickels L., 2001, HDB COGNITIVE NEUROP, P291 NICKELS L, 1995, NEUROPSYCHOLOGIA, V33, P1281, DOI 10.1016/0028-3932(95)00102-9 Pashek GV, 1997, J COMMUN DISORD, V30, P349, DOI 10.1016/S0021-9924(96)00079-2 Passy J, 1990, CUED ARTICULATION PRING T, 1993, APHASIOLOGY, V7, P383, DOI 10.1080/02687039308249517 RAMSBERGER G, 1989, CLIN APHASIOLOGY, V18, P395 RAO PR, 1994, LANGUAGE INTERVENTIO, P358 Rapp B, 2000, PSYCHOL REV, V107, P460, DOI 10.1037/0033-295X.107.3.460 Rauscher FH, 1996, PSYCHOL SCI, V7, P226, DOI 10.1111/j.1467-9280.1996.tb00364.x Raven J. C., 1995, COLOURED PROGR MATRI RAYMER AM, 1993, APHASIOLOGY, V7, P27, DOI 10.1080/02687039308249498 RAYMER AM, 1991, CLIN APHASIOLOGY, V20, P285 Rime B., 1991, FUNDAMENTALS NONVERB, P239 Robey RR, 1999, APHASIOLOGY, V13, P445 Robson J, 1998, J INT NEUROPSYCH SOC, V4, P675 Rose M, 2001, APHASIOLOGY, V15, P977 Schneider SL, 1996, APHASIOLOGY, V10, P297, DOI 10.1080/02687039608248414 Siegel S., 1956, NONPARAMETRIC STAT B SKELLY M, 1974, J SPEECH HEAR DISORD, V39, P445 SNODGRASS JG, 1980, J EXP PSYCHOL-HUM L, V6, P174, DOI 10.1037/0278-7393.6.2.174 Spencer KA, 2000, APHASIOLOGY, V14, P567 THOMPSON CK, 1991, CLIN APHASIOLOGY, V20, P239 NR 83 TC 40 Z9 40 PU PSYCHOLOGY PRESS PI HOVE PA 27 CHURCH RD, HOVE BN3 2FA, EAST SUSSEX, ENGLAND SN 0268-7038 J9 APHASIOLOGY JI Aphasiology PD OCT PY 2002 VL 16 IS 10-11 BP 1001 EP 1030 DI 10.1080/02687030143000825 PG 30 WC Clinical Neurology SC Neurosciences & Neurology GA 611PF UT WOS:000179026400003 ER PT J AU Raymer, AM Ellsworth, TA AF Raymer, AM Ellsworth, TA TI Response to contrasting verb retrieval treatments: A case study SO APHASIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID BRAIN-DAMAGED SUBJECTS; LEXICAL ORGANIZATION; SENTENCE PRODUCTION; NOUNS; APHASIA; IMPAIRMENTS; AGRAMMATISM; THERAPY AB Verb retrieval treatments for individuals with aphasia that have led to greater improvements in sentence production typically have incorporated semantic as compared to repetition treatments. However, studies have not contrasted treatments within subjects to compare treatment effectiveness. We compared effects of sequential verb retrieval treatments in one participant and analysed effects on sentence production. We tested one woman, WR, with nonfluent aphasia and mild verb retrieval impairment related to semantic dysfunction. She participated in three phases of verb retrieval treatment, semantic, phonologic, and rehearsal, in a multiple baseline crossover design. We examined accuracy of picture naming and sentence production for trained and untrained verbs. All treatments resulted in significantly improved naming of trained verbs, some generalised sentence production, and no improvement for untrained verbs. No difference was evident in effects across treatments. Unlike earlier studies, the repetition and phonologic treatments were as effective as semantic treatment for improving sentence production. These positive findings for all three treatments may relate to semantic activation that occurs whenever a word is retrieved in the context of picture presentation, thereby fundamentally altering semantic activation patterns and making the word more easily accessible in subsequent retrieval attempts, whether in isolation or in sentences. C1 Old Dominion Univ, Ctr Child Study, Norfolk, VA 23529 USA. VA RR&D Brain Rehabil Res Ctr, Gainesville, FL USA. RP Raymer, AM (reprint author), Old Dominion Univ, Ctr Child Study, 45th St & Hampton Blvd, Norfolk, VA 23529 USA. CR Berndt RS, 1997, BRAIN LANG, V56, P68 Breedin SD, 1998, BRAIN LANG, V63, P1, DOI 10.1006/brln.1997.1923 CARAMAZZA A, 1991, NATURE, V349, P788, DOI 10.1038/349788a0 DAMASIO AR, 1993, P NATL ACAD SCI USA, V90, P4957, DOI 10.1073/pnas.90.11.4957 ENNIS MR, 1999, THESIS U FLORIDA Fink R. B., 1992, CLIN APHASIOLOGY, V21, P263 Fink RB, 1997, BRAIN LANG, V60, P41 Francis WN, 1982, FREQUENCY ANAL ENGLI Goodglass H., 1983, BOSTON DIAGNOSTIC AP, V2nd Hillis A. E., 2001, HDB COGNITIVE NEUROP, P185 HILLIS AE, 1993, APHASIOLOGY, V7, P5, DOI 10.1080/02687039308249497 Hillis A.E., 1989, ANN CONV AM SPEECH L HOWARD D, 1985, BRAIN, V108, P817 Kaplan E, 1983, BOSTON NAMING TEST Kemmerer D, 2000, BRAIN LANG, V73, P347, DOI 10.1006/brln.2000.2311 Kertesz A., 1982, W APHASIA BATTERY Kim M, 2000, BRAIN LANG, V74, P1, DOI 10.1006/brin.2000.2315 Marshall J, 1998, BRAIN LANG, V63, P159, DOI 10.1006/brln.1998.1949 MARSHALL J, 1999, APHASIA THERAPY FILE, P111 McReynolds L. V., 1983, SINGLE SUBJECT EXPT Miceli G, 1996, BRAIN LANG, V52, P150, DOI 10.1006/brln.1996.0008 MICELI G, 1984, CORTEX, V20, P207 Mitchum C., 1994, COGNITIVE NEUROPSYCH, P317 MITCHUM CC, 1907, LANGUAGE INTERVENTIO, P551 Nickels L, 1996, APHASIOLOGY, V10, P21, DOI 10.1080/02687039608248397 Nickels L., 2001, HDB COGNITIVE NEUROP, P291 OBLER LK, 1986, UNPUB ACTION NAMING Raymer A. M., 2001, LANGUAGE INTERVENTIO, P524 Raymer AM, 2000, APHASIA LANGUAGE THE, P108 ReichmanNovak S, 1997, BRAIN LANG, V60, P102 ROTHI LJG, 1984, BATTERY ADULT READIN Thompson CK, 1997, APHASIOLOGY, V11, P473, DOI 10.1080/02687039708248485 WILLIAMSON DJG, 1995, UNPUB FLORIDA NOUN V ZINGESER LB, 1990, BRAIN LANG, V39, P14, DOI 10.1016/0093-934X(90)90002-X NR 34 TC 46 Z9 49 PU PSYCHOLOGY PRESS PI HOVE PA 27 CHURCH RD, HOVE BN3 2FA, EAST SUSSEX, ENGLAND SN 0268-7038 J9 APHASIOLOGY JI Aphasiology PD OCT PY 2002 VL 16 IS 10-11 BP 1031 EP 1045 DI 10.1080/026870401430000609 PG 15 WC Clinical Neurology SC Neurosciences & Neurology GA 611PF UT WOS:000179026400004 ER PT J AU Nickels, L AF Nickels, L TI Improving word finding: Practice makes (closer to) perfect? SO APHASIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID NAMING DISORDERS; MATCHING TASKS; PICTURE; RETRIEVAL; APHASIA; THERAPY; REPETITION; FREQUENCY; FACILITATION; DEFICITS AB Background: One application of a task, such as word-picture matching or repetition, has been demonstrated to affect subsequent picture naming ('facilitation' or 'priming') in both aphasic and non-aphasic subjects. As aphasia assessment frequently involves repeated use of the same stimuli in different tasks, it is suggested that some aphasic individuals may have improved performance in picture naming as a result of assessment. Aims: The aim of this paper is to demonstrate that there can be improvements in picture naming as a result of repeated presentation of stimuli and promote discussion regarding the mechanisms that may have caused such effects and their corresponding implications for treatment. Methods & Procedures: This paper describes a single case study of JAW, a man with aphasia. JAW's picture naming had been observed to improve over time while other tasks remained stable. An investigation was performed to identify the source of this improvement. Three treatment tasks were used, attempting to name the picture, reading aloud and delayed copying of the picture names. Outcomes and Results: All three tasks significantly improved subsequent picture naming of the treated items despite the fact that no feedback or error correction was provided. It is argued that the source of this improvement is from priming of retrieval of the phonological form. In the 'attempted naming' condition, this priming occurred every time a picture name was successfully produced. As JAW was not perfectly consistent, on each attempt at naming some additional items were primed. Thus, over time an increasing proportion of stimulus items were primed and were hence more likely to be successfully produced. Conclusions: This study demonstrated that for at least one aphasic man, JAW, practice makes (closer to) perfect, even without correction. Not only was there significant improvement from tasks that provided the word form (reading aloud and delayed copying) as has been shown in the past, but also there was the novel finding that simply attempting to name a picture can improve subsequent word retrieval. It is argued that this novel finding could be applicable to other aphasic individuals and has functional significance. C1 Macquarie Univ, MACCS, Sydney, NSW 2109, Australia. RP Nickels, L (reprint author), Macquarie Univ, MACCS, Sydney, NSW 2109, Australia. CR BARRY C, 1991, BRIT APH SOC C SHEFF Best W, 2002, APHASIOLOGY, V16, P151 Best W, 2000, NEUROPSYCHOL REHABIL, V10, P231 Best W, 1996, COGNITIVE NEUROPSYCH, V13, P443, DOI 10.1080/026432996381971 Cave CB, 1997, PSYCHOL SCI, V8, P322, DOI 10.1111/j.1467-9280.1997.tb00446.x Ferrand L, 1998, PERCEPT PSYCHOPHYS, V60, P263, DOI 10.3758/BF03206035 FERRAND L, 1994, MEM COGNITION, V22, P431, DOI 10.3758/BF03200868 FORSTER KI, 1984, J EXP PSYCHOL LEARN, V10, P680, DOI 10.1037/0278-7393.10.4.680 Griffin ZM, 1998, J MEM LANG, V38, P313, DOI 10.1006/jmla.1997.2547 Hillis A. E., 1994, COGNITIVE NEUROPSYCH HOWARD D, 1985, BRAIN, V108, P817 Howard D., 2000, ACQUIRED NEUROGENIC Howard D., 1984, ADV NEUROLOGY, V42 HOWARD D, 1985, COGNITIVE NEUROPSYCH, V2, P49, DOI 10.1080/02643298508252861 Howard D., 1992, PYRAMIDS PALM TREES Kay J., 1992, PSYCHOLINGUISTIC ASS La Heij W, 1999, ACTA PSYCHOL, V102, P77, DOI 10.1016/S0001-6918(99)00020-7 LEDORZE G, 1994, APHASIOLOGY, V8, P127 MARSHALL J, 1990, APHASIOLOGY, V4, P167, DOI 10.1080/02687039008249068 MARTIN N, 1994, BRAIN LANG, V47, P609, DOI 10.1006/brln.1994.1061 Miceli G, 1996, BRAIN LANG, V52, P150, DOI 10.1006/brln.1996.0008 Monsell S., 1987, LANGUAGE PERCEPTION Nickels L, 1996, APHASIOLOGY, V10, P109, DOI 10.1080/02687039608248401 Nickels L, 1996, APHASIOLOGY, V10, P21, DOI 10.1080/02687039608248397 NICKELS L, 1994, COGNITIVE NEUROPSYCH, V11, P289, DOI 10.1080/02643299408251977 NICKELS LA, 2002, UNPUB REAL WORD ERRO NICKELS LA, 2000, P APH S AUSTR MELB O PRING T, 1990, APHASIOLOGY, V4, P479, DOI 10.1080/02687039008248788 RAYMER AM, 1993, APHASIOLOGY, V7, P27, DOI 10.1080/02687039308249498 vanBerkum JJA, 1997, COGNITION, V64, P115, DOI 10.1016/S0010-0277(97)00026-7 WHEELDON LR, 1992, Q J EXP PSYCHOL-A, V44, P723 NR 31 TC 49 Z9 49 PU PSYCHOLOGY PRESS PI HOVE PA 27 CHURCH RD, HOVE BN3 2FA, EAST SUSSEX, ENGLAND SN 0268-7038 J9 APHASIOLOGY JI Aphasiology PD OCT PY 2002 VL 16 IS 10-11 BP 1047 EP 1060 DI 10.1080/02687040143000618 PG 14 WC Clinical Neurology SC Neurosciences & Neurology GA 611PF UT WOS:000179026400005 ER PT J AU Fink, RB Brecher, A Schwartz, MF Robey, RR AF Fink, RB Brecher, A Schwartz, MF Robey, RR TI A computer-implemented protocol for treatment of naming disorders: Evaluation of clinician-guided and partially self-guided instruction SO APHASIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID EFFECT SIZES; APHASIA; THERAPY; EFFICACY AB Background: Computer-based rehabilitation programs are now available for patients' use at home and in the clinical setting, yet we have meagre outcome data associated with their usefulness under self- and/or clinician-guided conditions. Aims: We assess the benefits of a computer-delivered, hierarchical phonological cueing protocol (cued naming) under two conditions of instruction, (1) with full clinician guidance or (2) in partial independence. Methods & procedures: We employed a single-subject experimental design, which was replicated over six chronic aphasic subjects, three in each instruction condition. Subjects with deficits identified as primarily phonological in nature were administered a phonological treatment, utilising a computerised therapy program (MossTalk Words), under one of the two conditions. Outcomes & Results: Training-specific acquisition and maintenance was demonstrated in both conditions. Limited and variable generalisation patterns were noted. Conclusions: Chronic aphasic individuals with moderate-to-severe phonologically based naming impairment can benefit from a computerised cued-naming protocol and independent work on the computer can be an effective adjunct to clinician-guided therapy. C1 Moss Rehabil Res Inst, Philadelphia, PA 19141 USA. Univ Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22903 USA. RP Fink, RB (reprint author), Moss Rehabil Res Inst, Korman 213,1200 W Tabor Rd, Philadelphia, PA 19141 USA. RI Robey, Randall/G-1199-2010 CR Aftonomos LB, 1997, ARCH PHYS MED REHAB, V78, P841, DOI 10.1016/S0003-9993(97)90197-0 Baayen R. H., 1993, CELEX LEXICAL DATABA Best W., 1997, LANGUAGE DISORDERS C, P102 BLUESTONE R, 1998, 10 ANN STROK REH C O Cohen J., 1988, STAT POWER ANAL BEHA, V2nd CROSBIE J, 1993, J CONSULT CLIN PSYCH, V61, P966, DOI 10.1037/0022-006X.61.6.966 CROSBIE J, 1995, ANAL CHANGE Dell GS, 1997, PSYCHOL REV, V104, P801, DOI 10.1037/0033-295X.104.4.801 FAITH MS, 1997, DESIGN ANAL SINGLE C Fink R. B., 2001, MOSS TALK WORDS GORSUCH RL, 1983, BEHAV ASSESS, V5, P141 Gottman JM, 1981, TIME SERIES ANAL COM GREENWALD ML, 1995, NEUROPSYCHOL REHABIL, V5, P17, DOI 10.1080/09602019508520174 Hillis A. E., 1991, CLIN APHASIOLOGY, V19, P255 Hillis A. E., 1994, COGNITIVE NEUROPSYCH, P449 HOWARD D, 1985, BRAIN, V108, P817 HOWARD D, 1985, COGNITIVE NEUROPSYCH, V2, P49, DOI 10.1080/02643298508252861 Katz RC, 1997, J SPEECH LANG HEAR R, V40, P493 Kay J., 1992, PALPA PSYCHOLINGUIST Kromrey JD, 1996, J EXP EDUC, V65, P73 Linebarger MC, 2001, NEUROPSYCHOL REHABIL, V11, P57 LINEBAUGH C, 1977, CLIN APHASIOLOGY, P19 McReynolds L. V., 1983, SINGLE SUBJECT EXPT Miceli G, 1996, BRAIN LANG, V52, P150, DOI 10.1006/brln.1996.0008 Nettleton J., 1991, J NEUROLINGUIST, V6, P139, DOI 10.1016/0911-6044(91)90004-3 Nickels L, 1996, APHASIOLOGY, V10, P109, DOI 10.1080/02687039608248401 Nickels L, 1996, APHASIOLOGY, V10, P21, DOI 10.1080/02687039608248397 NICKELS L, 1992, COGNITIVE NEUROPSYCH, V9, P155, DOI 10.1080/02643299208252057 PATTERSON KE, 1983, APHASIA THERAPY, P76 RAYMER AM, 1993, APHASIOLOGY, V7, P109 Roach A., 1996, CLIN APHASIOLOGY, V24, P121 ROBERTSON I, 1990, APHASIOLOGY, V4, P381, DOI 10.1080/02687039008249090 Robey RR, 1999, APHASIOLOGY, V13, P445 Robson J, 1998, J INT NEUROPSYCH SOC, V4, P675 SAFFRAN EM, 1988, UNPUB PHILADELPHIA C SCHWARTZ MF, 1998, AC APH SANT FE NM NO THOMPSON C, 1981, CLIN APH C P, P35 Thompson C.K., 1991, CLIN APHASIOLOGY, P239 WILSHIRE CE, 2000, APHASIA LANGUAGE THE, P82 NR 39 TC 50 Z9 51 PU PSYCHOLOGY PRESS PI HOVE PA 27 CHURCH RD, HOVE BN3 2FA, EAST SUSSEX, ENGLAND SN 0268-7038 J9 APHASIOLOGY JI Aphasiology PD OCT PY 2002 VL 16 IS 10-11 BP 1061 EP 1086 DI 10.1080/02687030244000400 PG 26 WC Clinical Neurology SC Neurosciences & Neurology GA 611PF UT WOS:000179026400006 ER PT J AU Franklin, S Buerk, F Howard, D AF Franklin, S Buerk, F Howard, D TI Generalised improvement in speech production for a subject with reproduction conduction aphasia SO APHASIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID LEXICAL ACCESS; PHONEMIC APPROXIMATIONS; LANGUAGE PRODUCTION; WORD RETRIEVAL; OUTPUT BUFFER; TIME-COURSE; REPETITION; IMPAIRMENT; COMPREHENSION; SEQUENCES AB Background: Reproduction conduction aphasia is a disorder of phonological production characterised by phonological errors occurring particularly with longer words in all tasks requiring spoken output. There have been few previous studies of therapy for subjects with this disorder. Aims: The study investigates the effects of a treatment procedure involving the detection and correction of the errors in speech production with a single subject, MB. We also seek to establish the nature of MB's underlying deficit, and show how it changes as a result of treatment. Methods & Procedures: Treatment effects were investigated in a single case study using multiple baselines over tasks, materials, and time. An in-depth cognitive neuropsychological case study was used to investigate the nature of MB's speech production deficit. Outcomes & Results: MB had impaired naming, repetition, and oral reading particularly with longer words, but good word comprehension. Her errors were primarily phonological, with many repeated attempts ("conduite d'approche''). Production of non-words was less accurate than real words. The treatment improved production in all modalities and across a variety of tasks (including non-word reading). Further analysis of assessment results suggested that MB's impairment was at the level of phonological encoding and that therapy had improved phoneme production across all word positions. Conclusions: Treatment was successful and generalised across items and to connected speech. MB's deficit could be characterised as a difficulty in the process of phoneme retrieval, and this improved as a result of the treatment. C1 Univ Newcastle Upon Tyne, Dept Speech, Newcastle Upon Tyne NE1 7RU, Tyne & Wear, England. Newcastle Integrated Older Peoples Serv, Newcastle Upon Tyne, Tyne & Wear, England. RP Franklin, S (reprint author), Univ Newcastle Upon Tyne, Dept Speech, Newcastle Upon Tyne NE1 7RU, Tyne & Wear, England. RI Franklin, Sue/F-9775-2011 CR Baayen R. H., 1995, CELEX LEXICAL DATABA Best W, 1996, COGNITIVE NEUROPSYCH, V13, P443, DOI 10.1080/026432996381971 Bishop D. V., 1982, TROG TEST RECEPTION Blanken G, 1998, COGNITIVE NEUROPSYCH, V15, P321, DOI 10.1080/026432998381122 BUB D, 1987, COGNITIVE NEUROPSYCH BUTTERWORTH B, 1992, COGNITION, V42, P261, DOI 10.1016/0010-0277(92)90045-J CAPLAN D, 1986, COGNITIVE NEUROPSYCH, V3, P99, DOI 10.1080/02643298608252671 CARAMAZZA A, 1986, COGNITIVE NEUROPSYCH, V3, P37, DOI 10.1080/02643298608252669 Dell GS, 1997, PSYCHOL REV, V104, P801, DOI 10.1037/0033-295X.104.4.801 DUBOIS J, 1964, NEUROPSYCHOLOGIA, V2, P9, DOI 10.1016/0028-3932(64)90029-6 Foygel D, 2000, J MEM LANG, V43, P182, DOI 10.1006/jmla.2000.2716 FROMKIN VA, 1971, LANGUAGE, V47, P27, DOI 10.2307/412187 GOLDSTEIN K, 1948, LANGUAGE LANGUAGE DI Goodglass H, 1972, ASSESSMENT APHASIA R Howard D, 2002, APHASIOLOGY, V16, P198, DOI 10.1080/02687040143000546 HOWARD D, 1995, Q J EXP PSYCHOL-A, V48, P999 HOWARD D, 1985, BRAIN, V108, P817 HOWARD D, 1985, COGNITIVE NEUROPSYCH, V2, P49, DOI 10.1080/02643298508252861 Howard D., 2000, ACQUIRED NEUROGENIC, P76 JOANETTE Y, 1980, BRAIN LANG, V11, P30, DOI 10.1016/0093-934X(80)90107-8 KAY J, 1987, BRAIN, V110, P613, DOI 10.1093/brain/110.3.613 Kay J., 1992, PALPA PSYCHOLINGUIST KINSBOUR.M, 1972, NEUROLOGY, V22, P1126 KOHN SE, 1985, BRAIN LANG, V24, P266, DOI 10.1016/0093-934X(85)90135-X KOHN SE, 1990, BRIT J DISORD COMMUN, V25, P45 LEDORZE G, 1991, J SPEECH LANGUAGE PA, V15, P21 LEVELT W, 1989, SPEAKING INTENTION A LEVELT WJM, 1994, COGNITION, V50, P239, DOI 10.1016/0010-0277(94)90030-2 Levelt WJM, 1999, BEHAV BRAIN SCI, V22, P1 MAHER LM, 1994, BRAIN LANG, V46, P402, DOI 10.1006/brln.1994.1022 MARTIN N, 1994, BRAIN LANG, V47, P609, DOI 10.1006/brln.1994.1061 MEYER AS, 1990, J MEM LANG, V29, P524, DOI 10.1016/0749-596X(90)90050-A Miceli G, 1996, BRAIN LANG, V52, P150, DOI 10.1006/brln.1996.0008 MILLER D, 1987, COGNITIVE NEUROPSYCH Nickels L, 2000, ASPECTS LANGUAGE PRO Nickels L., 1997, SPOKEN WORD PRODUCTI NICKELS L, 1992, COGNITIVE NEUROPSYCH, V9, P155, DOI 10.1080/02643299208252057 NICKELS L, 1995, CORTEX, V31, P209 NICKELS LA, 1992, THESIS U LONDON Pate D. S., 1987, LANG COGNITIVE PROC, V2, P43, DOI 10.1080/01690968708406351 Roelofs A., 2000, ASPECTS LANGUAGE PRO, P71 Roelofs A, 2002, Q J EXP PSYCHOL-A, V55, P465, DOI 10.1080/02724980143000488 Roelofs A, 1997, COGNITION, V64, P249, DOI 10.1016/S0010-0277(97)00027-9 ROMANI C, 1992, LANG COGNITIVE PROC, V7, P131, DOI 10.1080/01690969208409382 SAFFRAN EM, 1989, BRAIN LANG, V37, P440, DOI 10.1016/0093-934X(89)90030-8 SCHLENCK KJ, 1987, BRAIN LANG, V30, P226, DOI 10.1016/0093-934X(87)90100-3 Shallice T, 2000, COGN NEUROPSYCHOL, V17, P517, DOI 10.1080/02643290050110638 SHALLICE T, 1977, BRAIN LANG, V4, P479, DOI 10.1016/0093-934X(77)90040-2 SHATTUCKHUFNAGEL S, 1992, COGNITION, V42, P213, DOI 10.1016/0010-0277(92)90044-I STRUB RL, 1974, BRAIN LANG, V1, P241, DOI 10.1016/0093-934X(74)90039-X SWINBURN K, UNPUB COMPREHENSIVE VALDOIS S, 1989, APHASIOLOGY, V3, P55, DOI 10.1080/02687038908248976 WHEELDON LR, 1995, J MEM LANG, V34, P311, DOI 10.1006/jmla.1995.1014 Wilshire CE, 1996, COGNITIVE NEUROPSYCH, V13, P1059 NR 54 TC 40 Z9 40 PU PSYCHOLOGY PRESS PI HOVE PA 27 CHURCH RD, HOVE BN3 2FA, EAST SUSSEX, ENGLAND SN 0268-7038 J9 APHASIOLOGY JI Aphasiology PD OCT PY 2002 VL 16 IS 10-11 BP 1087 EP 1114 DI 10.1080/02687030244000491 PG 28 WC Clinical Neurology SC Neurosciences & Neurology GA 611PF UT WOS:000179026400007 ER PT J AU Biedermann, B Blanken, G Nickels, L AF Biedermann, B Blanken, G Nickels, L TI The representation of homophones: Evidence from remediation SO APHASIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID SPEECH PRODUCTION; LEXICAL ACCESS; SENTENCE PRODUCTION; GRAMMATICAL GENDER; NAMING DISORDERS; APHASIA; RETRIEVAL; THERAPY; FREQUENCY; KNOWLEDGE AB Background: This single case study examines the linguistic phenomenon of ambiguous spoken words: homophones. In the psycholinguistic research literature the lexicalisation of homophones is the subject of extensive debate. A common assumption is that these words share one word form but have two grammatical representations (lemmas). An opposing view postulates two separate word form entries for homophones-without assuming a lemma level. Aims: The single case study presented here searches for empirical evidence for the representation of homophones using aphasic speech production. Can aphasic speech production give us some evidence regarding how many processing levels have to be completed prior to articulation? Methods & Procedures: A treatment study with MW, a man with global aphasia and severe anomia, is presented. Treatment comprised an intensive picture-naming training with exclusively phonological cues. Naming was facilitated using the following cueing hierarchy: (i) giving the initial phoneme, (ii) tapping the syllable number, and (iii) giving the target word for repetition. How this pure phonological training would affect naming performance of homophones, semantically and phonologically related words, and unrelated words was investigated. Outcomes & Results: The results showed significant short-term, item-specific effects for treated words and generalisation to untreated homophone words alone. The outcome is discussed with reference to the debate regarding homophone production in psycholinguistics and the debate regarding the facilitatory effects of phonological techniques. Conclusions: The results support the two stage model, with only one word form and two lemma entries for homophones. In addition, the outcome of this phonological treatment supports the common assumption that pure word form training rarely results in long-term improvement or generalisation. C1 Macquarie Univ, Macquarie Ctr Cognit Sci, Sydney, NSW 2109, Australia. Univ Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany. Otto von Guericke Univ, Magdeburg, Germany. RP Biedermann, B (reprint author), Macquarie Univ, Macquarie Ctr Cognit Sci, Sydney, NSW 2109, Australia. CR Baayen R. H., 1993, CELEX LEXICAL DATABA BADECKER W, 1995, COGNITION, V57, P193, DOI 10.1016/0010-0277(95)00663-J BIERWISCH M, 1992, COGNITION, V42, P23, DOI 10.1016/0010-0277(92)90039-K BLANKEN G, 1988, FREIBURGER FUNKTIONE Blanken G., 1989, NEUROLINGUISTIK, V2, P107 BLANKEN G, IN PRESS NEUROSCIENC BLANKEN G, THESIS SPRACHPRODUKT BLANKEN G, 1996, MAT NEUROLINGUISTISC Caramazza A, 1998, COGNITION, V69, P231 CARAMAZZA A, 1991, NATURE, V349, P788, DOI 10.1038/349788a0 Caramazza A, 1997, COGNITION, V64, P309, DOI 10.1016/S0010-0277(97)00031-0 Caramazza A, 1997, COGNITIVE NEUROPSYCH, V14, P177, DOI 10.1080/026432997381664 Caramazza A, 2001, J EXP PSYCHOL LEARN, V27, P1430, DOI 10.1037//0278-7393.27.6.1430 DELL GS, 1990, LANG COGNITIVE PROC, V5, P313, DOI 10.1080/01690969008407066 DELL GS, 1986, PSYCHOL REV, V93, P283, DOI 10.1037//0033-295X.93.3.283 Dell GS, 1997, PSYCHOL REV, V104, P801, DOI 10.1037/0033-295X.104.4.801 Druks J, 1999, OBJECT ACTION NAMING Henaff Gonon M A, 1989, Neuropsychologia, V27, P391 HICKIN J, 2002, APHASIOLOGY, V16 HOWARD D, 1985, BRAIN, V108, P817 HOWARD D, 1985, COGNITIVE NEUROPSYCH, V2, P49, DOI 10.1080/02643298508252861 Howard D., 1992, PYRAMIDS PALM TREES Huber W., 1983, AACHENER APHASIA TES JESCHENIAK JD, IN PRESS J EXPT PSYC JESCHENIAK JD, 1994, J EXP PSYCHOL LEARN, V20, P824, DOI 10.1037/0278-7393.20.4.824 Kay J., 1992, PSYCHOLINGUISTIC ASS KEMPEN G, 1983, COGNITION, V14, P185, DOI 10.1016/0010-0277(83)90029-X Kulke F, 2001, APHASIOLOGY, V15, P3, DOI 10.1080/02687040042000070 LEVELT W, 1989, SPEAKING INTENTION A Levelt WJM, 1999, TRENDS COGN SCI, V3, P223, DOI 10.1016/S1364-6613(99)01319-4 Levelt WJM, 1999, BEHAV BRAIN SCI, V22, P1 Miceli G, 1996, BRAIN LANG, V52, P150, DOI 10.1006/brln.1996.0008 Miozzo M, 1997, J COGNITIVE NEUROSCI, V9, P160, DOI 10.1162/jocn.1997.9.1.160 Morton J., 1980, DEEP DYSLEXIA NEUBERT C, 1995, NEUROLINGUISTISCHE A Nickels L, 1996, APHASIOLOGY, V10, P109, DOI 10.1080/02687039608248401 Nickels L, 1996, APHASIOLOGY, V10, P21, DOI 10.1080/02687039608248397 Nickels L., 2001, HDB COGNITIVE NEUROP Pechmann T, 2002, J EXP PSYCHOL LEARN, V28, P233, DOI 10.1037//0278-7393.28.1.233 RAYMER AM, 1993, APHASIOLOGY, V7, P27, DOI 10.1080/02687039308249498 Robson J, 1998, J INT NEUROPSYCH SOC, V4, P675 Roelofs A, 1998, COGNITION, V69, P219 Ruoff Arno, 1981, HAUFIGKEITSWORTERBUC SNODGRASS JG, 1980, J EXP PSYCHOL-HUM L, V6, P174, DOI 10.1037/0278-7393.6.2.174 vanTurennout M, 1997, J EXP PSYCHOL LEARN, V23, P787, DOI 10.1037//0278-7393.23.4.787 Vigliocco G, 1997, PSYCHOL SCI, V8, P314, DOI 10.1111/j.1467-9280.1997.tb00444.x NR 46 TC 14 Z9 20 PU PSYCHOLOGY PRESS PI HOVE PA 27 CHURCH RD, HOVE BN3 2FA, EAST SUSSEX, ENGLAND SN 0268-7038 J9 APHASIOLOGY JI Aphasiology PD OCT PY 2002 VL 16 IS 10-11 BP 1115 EP 1136 DI 10.1080/02687030244000545 PG 22 WC Clinical Neurology SC Neurosciences & Neurology GA 611PF UT WOS:000179026400008 ER PT J AU Fridriksson, J Holland, AL Coull, BM Plante, E Trouard, TP Beeson, P AF Fridriksson, J Holland, AL Coull, BM Plante, E Trouard, TP Beeson, P TI Aphasia severity: Association with cerebral perfusion and diffusion SO APHASIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID ISCHEMIC STROKE; TEMPOROPARIETAL CORTEX; WEIGHTED MRI; RECOVERY; HYPOPERFUSION; PREDICTION; EVOLUTION; VOLUME AB Background: Previous studies of the relationship between perfusion, diffusion, and stroke suggest that the extent of cerebral hypoperfusion may be a better indicator of neurological status than lesion size in the early phases of recovery, It is not clear how these factors are related to aphasia severity. Aims: The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between cerebral perfusion, diffusion, and aphasia severity in stroke, Methods & Procedure: Nine participants were examined within 24 hours of stroke onset and six were re-examined at 1 month post stroke. The examination included administration of an aphasia test. a face recognition task, and a neuroimaging session including T2-, perfusion-, and diffusion-weighted MRI. Outcomes & Results: Participants with a variety of aphasia types and severity were included in the study. Visual inspection suggested larger perfusion abnormality than the actual lesion in eight of nine subjects at day 1. The correlation between aphasia severity and hypoperfusion was significant at day 1 and at 1 month post stroke, However, this was not the case for the relationship between aphasia severity and lesion size where the correlation was not statistically significant at day 1 or at 1 month post stroke. Conclusions: These results suggest that cerebral hypoperfusion is a more accurate indicator of aphasia severity in early stroke than lesion volume. C1 Univ S Carolina, Columbia, SC 29208 USA. Univ Arizona, Tucson, AZ USA. RP Fridriksson, J (reprint author), Univ S Carolina, Williams Brice Bldg, Columbia, SC 29208 USA. CR Baird AE, 1998, J CEREBR BLOOD F MET, V18, P583 Barber PA, 1998, NEUROLOGY, V51, P418 Beaulieu C, 1999, ANN NEUROL, V46, P568, DOI 10.1002/1531-8249(199910)46:4<568::AID-ANA4>3.0.CO;2-R Bowers D, 1991, FLORIDA AFFECT BATTE Cappa SF, 1997, BRAIN LANG, V56, P55, DOI 10.1006/brln.1997.1737 Chalela JA, 2000, STROKE, V31, P680 Heiss WD, 1997, J NEUROL SCI, V145, P213, DOI 10.1016/S0022-510X(96)00252-3 Hillis AE, 2000, NEUROLOGY, V55, P782 Hillis AE, 2001, ANN NEUROL, V50, P561, DOI 10.1002/ana.1265 Hillis AE, 2002, APHASIOLOGY, V16, P885, DOI 10.1080/0268703 Kaplan E., 2001, BOSTON NAMING TEST KERTESZ A, 1979, BRAIN LANG, V8, P34, DOI 10.1016/0093-934X(79)90038-5 Kertesz A., 1982, W APHASIA BATTERY KWONG KK, 1995, MAGNET RESON MED, V34, P878, DOI 10.1002/mrm.1910340613 Lev MH, 2001, STROKE, V32, P2021, DOI 10.1161/hs0901.095680 MAZZONI M, 1992, APHASIOLOGY, V6, P387, DOI 10.1080/02687039208248609 METTER EJ, 1990, ARCH NEUROL-CHICAGO, V47, P1235 METTER EJ, 1992, APHASIOLOGY, V6, P349, DOI 10.1080/02687039208248606 Neumann-Haefelin T, 2000, ANN NEUROL, V47, P559, DOI 10.1002/1531-8249(200005)47:5<559::AID-ANA2>3.0.CO;2-S PEDERSEN PM, 1995, ANN NEUROL, V38, P659, DOI 10.1002/ana.410380416 Thomas DL, 2000, PHYS MED BIOL, V45, pR97, DOI 10.1088/0031-9155/45/8/201 Tong DC, 1998, NEUROLOGY, V50, P864 West J.F., 1998, BEDSIDE EVALUATION S NR 23 TC 12 Z9 13 PU PSYCHOLOGY PRESS PI HOVE PA 27 CHURCH RD, HOVE BN3 2FA, EAST SUSSEX, ENGLAND SN 0268-7038 J9 APHASIOLOGY JI Aphasiology PD SEP PY 2002 VL 16 IS 9 BP 859 EP 871 DI 10.1080/02687030244000347 PG 13 WC Clinical Neurology SC Neurosciences & Neurology GA 594BX UT WOS:000178029800002 ER PT J AU Love, T Swinney, D Wong, E Buxton, R AF Love, T Swinney, D Wong, E Buxton, R TI Perfusion imaging and stroke: A more sensitive measure of the brain bases of cognitive deficits SO APHASIOLOGY LA English DT Article AB Aims: We provide evidence that the use of perfusion imaging reveals the neuroanatomical basis for a behaviourally demonstrated cognitive deficit that is not revealed via standard neuroradiological imaging techniques, Methods & Procedures: We present a case study of a 52-year-old female stroke survivor (16 years post onset) whose speech was fluent and grammatical with some word-finding difficulties that were typically overcome with common circumlocution strategies. Based on standardised measures, the patient's clinical diagnosis was anomic aphasia. In addition to word-finding deficits, it was discovered that this patient also demonstrated difficulties in reading; while able to eventually read and understand text, there was extreme difficulty in completing such tasks. A series of experimental findings exploring this reading deficit are presented. This patient's lesion, as revealed via structural brain imaging, did not involve a brain region typically implicated in reading dysfunction. This behaviour lesion inconsistency was explored via perfusion MRI technology as a means of assessing whether other neural regions not directly implicated in the structural scans (such as the angular gyrus) could in fact show some level of dysfunction. Outcomes & Results: Behavioural. Analysis of the patient's overall reading time demonstrated that as compared to a matched control, this patient took significantly more time in reading paragraphs both silently and aloud. In addition, the patient produced more errors (filters, pauses, elongations) than the matched control during the reading paragraphs aloud and story-retelling conditions. There were no differences exhibited between the patient and control with respect to content accuracy produced during these conditions. Outcomes & Results: Neuroradiological. Structural images demonstrate damage to the tell basal ganglia and surrounding white matter with sparing of the left insular cortex. Collection of perfusion images (pulsed arterial spin labelling) clearly demonstrates hypoperfusion in the seemingly intact brain regions of the left angular gyrus and the left supramarginal gyrus. Conclusions: This paper presents evidence from a detailed case study that the use of perfusion imaging successfully reveals the neural basis for a reading deficit in a stroke survivor that is not revealed via standard "structural" neuroradiological imaging techniques. We argue for more standardised use of perfusion imaging, in that it reveals a brain basis for "functional lesions". which less sensitive neuroimaging measures often fail to capture. C1 Univ Calif San Diego, Dept Psychol 0109, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA. RP Love, T (reprint author), Univ Calif San Diego, Dept Psychol 0109, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA. CR ALBERT ML, 1973, NEUROLOGY, V23, P658 DEMONET JF, 1992, BRAIN, V115, P1753, DOI 10.1093/brain/115.6.1753 DETRE JA, 1992, MAGNET RESON MED, V23, P37, DOI 10.1002/mrm.1910230106 EDELMAN RR, 1994, RADIOLOGY, V192, P513 Goodglass H, 1972, ASSESSMENT APHASIA R Goodglass H., 1997, ANOMIA NEUROANATOMIC Hillis AE, 2001, APHASIOLOGY, V15, P919 LOVE T, IN PRESS J PSYCHOLIN NICHOLAS LE, 1993, J SPEECH HEAR RES, V36, P338 Small SL, 1998, BRAIN LANG, V62, P298, DOI 10.1006/brln.1998.1951 Wong EC, 1998, MAGNET RESON MED, V39, P702, DOI 10.1002/mrm.1910390506 Wong EC, 1997, NMR BIOMED, V10, P237, DOI 10.1002/(SICI)1099-1492(199706/08)10:4/5<237::AID-NBM475>3.0.CO;2-X WONG EC, 1992, P SMRM 11 ANN M BERL, P105 NR 13 TC 19 Z9 19 PU PSYCHOLOGY PRESS PI HOVE PA 27 CHURCH RD, HOVE BN3 2FA, EAST SUSSEX, ENGLAND SN 0268-7038 J9 APHASIOLOGY JI Aphasiology PD SEP PY 2002 VL 16 IS 9 BP 873 EP 883 DI 10.1080/02687030244000356 PG 11 WC Clinical Neurology SC Neurosciences & Neurology GA 594BX UT WOS:000178029800003 ER PT J AU Hillis, AE Heidler, J AF Hillis, AE Heidler, J TI Mechanisms of early aphasia recovery SO APHASIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID ACUTE STROKE; ISCHEMIC PENUMBRA; MOTOR RECOVERY; REORGANIZATION AB Background: The course of recovery of aphasia after stroke is highly variable. Some patients. even with severe aphasia. recover rapidly over the first days after onset. The mechanism of this early recovery (and later recovery) is unclear, Plausible accounts include reperfusion of ischaemic tissue surrounding the stroke, and rapid reorganisation of structure/function relationships. Aims: Based on a recent study showing that the severity of word comprehension impairment in acute stroke patients is strongly correlated with the severity of hypoperfusion (low blood flow) in Wernicke's area, we hypothesised that early recovery of spoken word comprehension is due to reperfusion (restored blood flow) to Wernicke's area. Our objective was to evluate this hypothesis using advanced magnetic resonance imaging techniques of perfusion-weighted imaging (PWI) and diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI). Methods and Procedures: A series of 100 patients with acute, left hemisphere ischaemic stroke were evaluated within 24 hours of onset or worsening of symptoms, and 3 days later, using PWI, DWI, and a battery of lexical tasks, including spoken word/picture verification. p A subset of 18 patients with impaired spoken word comprehension at Day 1 were included in the study. Chi square analysis was used to identify the association between early recovery of spoken word comprehension and reperfusion of each of 10 Brodmann's areas (BA). Outcomes & Results: Early recovery of spoken word comprehension was significantly associated with reperfusion of BA 22 (Wernicke's area), but not with reperfusion of other BAs. All patients who showed early recovery of word comprehension also showed reperfusion of Wernicke's area, due to carotid endarterectomy. carotid stenting, induced blood pressure elevation, or spontaneous reperfusion. Conclusions: Tissue recovery. brought about by restored blood pressure elevation, likely accounts for cases of rapid resolution of aphasia in the first few days of stroke. Other mechanisms of recovery, including reorganisation of structure/function relationships, and learning of compensatory strategies, are likely important in later stages of recovery. C1 Johns Hopkins Univ, Sch Med, Loyola Coll Baltimore, Baltimore, MD USA. RP Hillis, AE (reprint author), Johns Hopkins Univ Hosp, Dept Neurol, Meyer 5-185,600 N Wolfe St, Baltimore, MD 21287 USA. CR Binkert Franz, 1996, European Journal of Human Genetics, V4, P39 CHOLLET F, 1991, ANN NEUROL, V29, P63, DOI 10.1002/ana.410290112 Coq JO, 1999, EUR J NEUROSCI, V11, P2597, DOI 10.1046/j.1460-9568.1999.00673.x Cramer SC, 1997, STROKE, V28, P2518 DUFFY RJ, 2001, LANGUAGE INTERVENTIO, P572 Furlan M, 1996, ANN NEUROL, V40, P216, DOI 10.1002/ana.410400213 HILLIS AE, 2002, BRAIN LANG, V79, P495 Hillis AE, 2001, ANN NEUROL, V50, P561, DOI 10.1002/ana.1265 Hillis AE, 2001, APHASIOLOGY, V15, P919 Jenkins WM, 1987, PROG BRAIN RES , V71, P249 JENKINS WM, 1990, NEUROPSYCHOLOGIA, V28, P573, DOI 10.1016/0028-3932(90)90035-M KEARNS KP, 2000, APHASIA LANGUAGE THE, P421 MERZENICH MM, 1983, NEUROSCIENCE, V8, P33, DOI 10.1016/0306-4522(83)90024-6 Nudo RJ, 1996, SCIENCE, V272, P1791, DOI 10.1126/science.272.5269.1791 OLSEN TS, 1983, STROKE, V14, P332 Raymer A. M., 2001, LANGUAGE INTERVENTIO, P524 Schwamm LH, 1998, STROKE, V29, P2268 Seitz RJ, 1999, STROKE, V30, P1844 TONI D, 1997, STROKE, V22, P10 von Monakow C, 1969, MOODS STATES MIND, P27 Walker-Batson D, 2001, STROKE, V32, P2093, DOI 10.1161/hs0901.095720 NR 21 TC 26 Z9 27 PU PSYCHOLOGY PRESS PI HOVE PA 27 CHURCH RD, HOVE BN3 2FA, EAST SUSSEX, ENGLAND SN 0268-7038 J9 APHASIOLOGY JI Aphasiology PD SEP PY 2002 VL 16 IS 9 BP 885 EP 895 DI 10.1080/0268703 PG 11 WC Clinical Neurology SC Neurosciences & Neurology GA 594BX UT WOS:000178029800004 ER PT J AU Selnes, OA van Zijl, PCM Barker, PB Hillis, AE Mori, S AF Selnes, OA van Zijl, PCM Barker, PB Hillis, AE Mori, S TI MR diffusion tensor imaging documented arcuate fasciculus lesion in a patient with normal repetition performance SO APHASIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID CONDUCTION APHASIA; ABNORMALITIES; STROKE; BRAIN AB Background: The pathophysiology of the syndrome of conduction aphasia has been thought to involve a disconnection between posterior and anterior language areas. The arcuate fasciculus has been one of the principal candidates for an anatomical link between Wernicke's and Broca's area, but direct evidence for its involvement in conduction aphasia has been difficult to obtain. Aims: The purpose of this study was to examine white matter tract integrity, using the novel magnetic resonance imaging technique of diffusion tensor imaging, in a patient with transcortical aphasia. Methods & Procedures: A case study of a 55-year-old, right-handed man with aphasia following a left hemisphere stroke is reported. The patient's language performance was assessed with the Boston Diagnostic Aphasia Examination twice: at 10 days and at 2 years after his stroke. An MR diffusion tensor imaging study was obtained approximately 2 years after his stroke using the 1.5 T Phillips Gyroscan NT system. White matter fibre tracts maps were reconstructed using the "FACT" algorithm. Outcomes and Results: Ten days after his stroke. the patient had a non-fluent aphasia with marked impairment of both auditory comprehension and spontaneous speech. However. repetition was relatively intact. By 2 years, when the MR diffusion tensor imaging study was performed. repetition was completely normal and the patient had only subtle deficits in areas of naming and auditory comprehension, The MR diffusion tensor imaging study revealed a lesion of the dominant hemisphere arcuate fasciculus. Conclusions: This study documents normal repetition performance in a patient who on subsequent MR diffusion tensor imaging was found to have a lesion involving the dominant hemisphere arcuate fasciculus lesion. This case adds to previously published cases of normal repetition performance despite a documented lesion of the arcuate fasciculus, and thus further challenges the traditional model of conduction aphasia invoking a critical role of this white matter tract. Our case also suggests that MR diffusion tensor imaging may be a potentially useful technique to evaluate regional involvement of specific white matter tract projections in patients with aphasia. C1 Johns Hopkins Univ, Sch Med, Dept Neurol, Baltimore, MD 21287 USA. RP Selnes, OA (reprint author), Johns Hopkins Univ, Sch Med, Dept Neurol, Meyer 100,600 N Wolfe St, Baltimore, MD 21287 USA. RI van Zijl, Peter/B-8680-2008 CR Arnett PA, 1996, NEUROLOGY, V47, P576 Axer H, 2001, BRAIN LANG, V76, P317, DOI 10.1006/brln.2000.2425 BASSER PJ, 1994, BIOPHYS J, V66, P259 BROWN J W, 1975, Cortex, V11, P37 DAMASIO H, 1980, BRAIN, V103, P337, DOI 10.1093/brain/103.2.337 DEBLESER R, 1993, BRAIN LANG, V45, P475, DOI 10.1006/brln.1993.1056 GESCHWIN.N, 1965, BRAIN, V88, P237, DOI 10.1093/brain/88.2.237 Gillard JH, 2001, BRIT J RADIOL, V74, P642 Goodglass H, 1983, ASSESSMENT APHASIA R, V2nd MORI S, 1995, MAGNET RESON MED, V33, P41, DOI 10.1002/mrm.1910330107 Mori S, 2002, MAGNET RESON MED, V47, P215, DOI 10.1002/mrm.10074 Mori S, 1999, ANN NEUROL, V45, P265, DOI 10.1002/1531-8249(199902)45:2<265::AID-ANA21>3.0.CO;2-3 Mukherjee P, 2001, RADIOLOGY, V219, P756 Pajevic S, 1999, MAGNET RESON MED, V42, P526, DOI 10.1002/(SICI)1522-2594(199909)42:3<526::AID-MRM15>3.0.CO;2-J PETRIDES M, 1988, J COMP NEUROL, V273, P52, DOI 10.1002/cne.902730106 Pomara N, 2001, PSYCHIAT RES-NEUROIM, V106, P15, DOI 10.1016/S0925-4927(00)00082-2 Rugg-Gunn FJ, 2001, J NEUROL NEUROSUR PS, V70, P530, DOI 10.1136/jnnp.70.4.530 SELNES OA, 1985, ANN NEUROL, V17, P549, DOI 10.1002/ana.410170604 SHUREN JE, 1995, J NEUROL, V242, P596, DOI 10.1007/BF00868813 TANABE H, 1987, ACTA NEUROL SCAND, V76, P422 VANGELDEREN P, 1994, MAGNET RESON MED, V31, P154, DOI 10.1002/mrm.1910310209 WHITTLE IR, 1991, BRIT J NEUROSURG, V5, P647, DOI 10.3109/02688699109002891 NR 22 TC 18 Z9 19 PU PSYCHOLOGY PRESS PI HOVE PA 27 CHURCH RD, HOVE BN3 2FA, EAST SUSSEX, ENGLAND SN 0268-7038 J9 APHASIOLOGY JI Aphasiology PD SEP PY 2002 VL 16 IS 9 BP 897 EP 901 DI 10.1080/02687030244000374 PG 7 WC Clinical Neurology SC Neurosciences & Neurology GA 594BX UT WOS:000178029800005 ER PT J AU Crone, NE Hao, L AF Crone, NE Hao, L TI Functional dynamics of spoken and signed word production: A case study using electrocorticographic spectral analysis SO APHASIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID LEFT TEMPORAL-LOBE; MASSIVE CORTICAL REORGANIZATION; EVENT-RELATED DESYNCHRONIZATION; POSITRON EMISSION TOMOGRAPHY; HUMAN SENSORIMOTOR CORTEX; CEREBRAL BLOOD-FLOW; LANGUAGE AREA; WERNICKES AREA; GRASP REPRESENTATIONS; OLFACTORY SYSTEM AB Background: Event-related changes in the EEG power spectrum have recently been used to study functional brain activation in humans. Like traditional event-related potentials, event-related spectral changes provide information about the temporal evolution of cortical activation that is difficult to obtain with fMRI or PET. These spectral changes include event-related suppression of power in the alpha band (8-13 Hz) and even-related augmentation of power in the gamma band (>30 Hz). Most studies of the gamma band have focused on frequencies in and around 40 Hz. Using electrocorticographic (ECoG) signals recorded with subdural electrodes implanted for the surgical management of epilepsy, we have also observed a broadband augmentation of power in higher gamma frequencies (>80 Hz). This index of cortical activation has compared favourably with alpha suppression and with electrical cortical stimulation mapping in Studies utilising simple motor and auditory processing, but such a comparison has not been done for tasks requiring more complex language processing. Aims: We used two different spectral indices of cortical activation-alpha power suppression and gamma power augmentation, to study the spatial and temporal patterns of human cortical activation during different word production tasks. Methods: Subdural ECoG electrodes were implanted for clinical purposes in a patient with normal hearing, who had learned sign language as an adult and later developed intractable epilepsy. We measured event-related spectral changes during language tasks with different input and output modalities: Picture naming and word reading (visual inputs), and word repetition (auditory input) were performed with spoken responses (oral-articulatory output) and with signed responses (manual-gestural output). In addition we used a visually guided motor task to map tongue and hand representations independent of language. Results: Speech and signing differentially activated tongue and hand regions of sensorimotor cortex. Although posterior superior temporal gyrus was activated early during auditory word repetition, picture naming and word reading also activated this region, albeit slightly later, consistent with phonological and/or lexical-semantic processing. In contrast. basal temporal-occipital cortex was activated earlier and with greater magnitude during picture naming and word reading than during word repetition, Suggesting semantic processing or object and word recognition. In all of the tasks, event-related gamma augmentation occurred in more discrete spatial and temporal patterns than event-related alpha suppression. Conclusions: Event-related alpha suppression and gamma augmentation provide complementary information about task-related cortical activation. This study demonstrates the utility of ECoG spectral analysis for studying the functional anatomy of human language with excellent temporal resolution. C1 Johns Hopkins Univ Hosp, Dept Neurol, Baltimore, MD 21287 USA. RP Crone, NE (reprint author), Johns Hopkins Univ Hosp, Dept Neurol, 600 N Wolfe St,Meyer Bldg,Room 2-147, Baltimore, MD 21287 USA. CR Adrian ED, 1934, BRAIN, V57, P355, DOI 10.1093/brain/57.4.355 ALLISON T, 1994, CEREB CORTEX, V4, P544, DOI 10.1093/cercor/4.5.544 BELLUGI U, 1989, TRENDS NEUROSCI, V12, P380, DOI 10.1016/0166-2236(89)90076-3 BENSON DF, 1979, STUDIES NEUROLINGUIS, V4 BOATMAN D, 1995, BRAIN LANG, V51, P269, DOI 10.1006/brln.1995.1061 BOGEN JE, 1976, ANN NY ACAD SCI, V280, P834, DOI 10.1111/j.1749-6632.1976.tb25546.x Bookheimer SY, 1995, HUM BRAIN MAPP, V3, P93, DOI 10.1002/hbm.460030206 BRESSLER SL, 1980, ELECTROEN CLIN NEURO, V50, P19, DOI 10.1016/0013-4694(80)90319-3 BROWN GDA, 1987, J MEM LANG, V26, P1, DOI 10.1016/0749-596X(87)90059-3 Buchel C, 1998, NATURE, V394, P274, DOI 10.1038/28389 BURNSTINE TH, 1990, NEUROLOGY, V40, P966 Chee MWL, 1999, HUM BRAIN MAPP, V7, P15, DOI 10.1002/(SICI)1097-0193(1999)7:1<15::AID-HBM2>3.0.CO;2-6 CREUTZFELDT O, 1989, EXP BRAIN RES, V77, P476, DOI 10.1007/BF00249601 Crone N. E., 1995, Society for Neuroscience Abstracts, V21, P274 Crone NE, 1998, BRAIN, V121, P2271, DOI 10.1093/brain/121.12.2271 Crone NE, 2001, CLIN NEUROPHYSIOL, V112, P565, DOI 10.1016/S1388-2457(00)00545-9 CRONE NE, 1994, BRAIN LANG, V47, P466 Crone NE, 1998, BRAIN, V121, P2301, DOI 10.1093/brain/121.12.2301 Cronin B, 2001, J DOC, V57, P1 DAMASIO A, 1986, NATURE, V322, P363, DOI 10.1038/322363a0 DEMONET JF, 1992, BRAIN, V115, P1753, DOI 10.1093/brain/115.6.1753 ECKHORN R, 1988, BIOL CYBERN, V60, P121, DOI 10.1007/BF00202899 EECKMAN FH, 1990, BRAIN RES, V528, P238, DOI 10.1016/0006-8993(90)91663-2 Fiez JA, 1998, P NATL ACAD SCI USA, V95, P914, DOI 10.1073/pnas.95.3.914 FLORENCE SL, 1995, J NEUROSCI, V15, P8093 McGuire PK, 1996, PSYCHOL MED, V26, P29 FRITH CD, 1991, NEUROPSYCHOLOGIA, V29, P1137, DOI 10.1016/0028-3932(91)90029-8 Gallese V, 1996, BRAIN, V119, P593, DOI 10.1093/brain/119.2.593 Geschwind N., 1969, CONTRIBUTIONS CLIN N GEVINS A, 1994, ELECTROEN CLIN NEURO, V92, P282 GOODALE MA, 1992, TRENDS NEUROSCI, V15, P20, DOI 10.1016/0166-2236(92)90344-8 Gordon B., 1997, ANOMIA NEUROANATOMIC, P31, DOI 10.1016/B978-012289685-9/50004-1 Grafton ST, 1996, EXP BRAIN RES, V112, P103 GREENBLATT SH, 1983, LOCALIZATION NEUROPS, P323 HART J, 1990, ANN NEUROL, V27, P226, DOI 10.1002/ana.410270303 Hart J, 1998, P NATL ACAD SCI USA, V95, P6498, DOI 10.1073/pnas.95.11.6498 Hart J, 2000, NEUROPSY NEUROPSY BE, V13, P1 Heilman KM, 1993, CLIN NEUROPSYCHOLOGY, P279 Heiss WD, 1997, J NEUROL SCI, V145, P213, DOI 10.1016/S0022-510X(96)00252-3 Henry TR, 1998, NEUROLOGY, V50, P787 Herbster AN, 1997, HUM BRAIN MAPP, V5, P84, DOI 10.1002/(SICI)1097-0193(1997)5:2<84::AID-HBM2>3.0.CO;2-I Hickok G, 1996, NATURE, V381, P699, DOI 10.1038/381699a0 Kaplan E., 1983, BOSTON NAMING TEST Karbe H, 1998, BRAIN LANG, V63, P108, DOI 10.1006/brln.1997.1937 Krauss GL, 1996, EPILEPSIA, V37, P476, DOI 10.1111/j.1528-1157.1996.tb00594.x Kraut M, 1997, NEUROLOGY, V48, P1416 LESSER RP, 1986, NEUROLOGY, V36, P658 LESSER RP, 1984, BRAIN, V107, P275, DOI 10.1093/brain/107.1.275 LESSER RP, 1985, NEUROLOGY, V35, P1760 LESSER RP, 1987, J CLIN NEUROPHYSIOL, V4, P27, DOI 10.1097/00004691-198701000-00003 LEVELT WJM, 1991, PSYCHOL REV, V98, P122, DOI 10.1037//0033-295X.98.1.122 Levelt WJM, 1998, J COGNITIVE NEUROSCI, V10, P553, DOI 10.1162/089892998562960 LUDERS H, 1991, BRAIN, V114, P743, DOI 10.1093/brain/114.2.743 Magistretti PJ, 1999, SCIENCE, V283, P496, DOI 10.1126/science.283.5401.496 Martin A, 1996, NATURE, V379, P649, DOI 10.1038/379649a0 MCCARTHY G, 1995, J NEUROSCI, V15, P1080 McGuire PK, 1997, NEUROREPORT, V8, P695, DOI 10.1097/00001756-199702100-00023 MESULAM MM, 1990, ANN NEUROL, V28, P597, DOI 10.1002/ana.410280502 Moore CJ, 1999, NEUROIMAGE, V10, P181, DOI 10.1006/nimg.1999.0450 NAESER MA, 1987, ARCH NEUROL-CHICAGO, V44, P73 NAESER MA, 1990, ARCH NEUROL-CHICAGO, V47, P425 Neville HJ, 1998, P NATL ACAD SCI USA, V95, P922, DOI 10.1073/pnas.95.3.922 NOBRE AC, 1995, J NEUROSCI, V15, P1090 NOBRE AC, 1994, NATURE, V372, P260, DOI 10.1038/372260a0 Nudo RJ, 1996, J NEUROSCI, V16, P785 Pantev Christo, 1995, Brain Topography, V7, P321, DOI 10.1007/BF01195258 PASCUALLEONE A, 1994, SCIENCE, V263, P1287, DOI 10.1126/science.8122113 Penfield W, 1937, BRAIN, V60, P389, DOI 10.1093/brain/60.4.389 PETERSEN SE, 1988, NATURE, V331, P585, DOI 10.1038/331585a0 PFURTSCHELLER G, 1994, ELECTROEN CLIN NEURO, V90, P456, DOI 10.1016/0013-4694(94)90137-6 PFURTSCHELLER G, 1975, ELECTROEN CLIN NEURO, V38, P93, DOI 10.1016/0013-4694(75)90215-1 PFURTSCHELLER G, 1989, J CLIN NEUROPHYSIOL, V6, P75, DOI 10.1097/00004691-198901000-00003 PFURTSCHELLER G, 1977, ELECTROEN CLIN NEURO, V42, P817, DOI 10.1016/0013-4694(77)90235-8 POIZNER H, 1984, AM J PHYSIOL, V246, pR868 POIZNER H, 1993, ANN NY ACAD SCI, V682, P192, DOI 10.1111/j.1749-6632.1993.tb22969.x Poizner H., 1987, WHAT HANDS REVEAL BR PONS TP, 1991, SCIENCE, V252, P1857, DOI 10.1126/science.1843843 Price CJ, 1996, BRAIN, V119, P919, DOI 10.1093/brain/119.3.919 Price CJ, 1996, P ROY SOC B-BIOL SCI, V263, P1501, DOI 10.1098/rspb.1996.0219 Pugh KR, 1996, BRAIN, V119, P1221, DOI 10.1093/brain/119.4.1221 Pulvermuller F, 1999, BEHAV BRAIN SCI, V22, P253, DOI 10.1017/S0140525X9900182X RAMACHANDRAN VS, 1992, NEUROREPORT, V3, P583, DOI 10.1097/00001756-199207000-00009 Rizzolatti G, 1996, EXP BRAIN RES, V111, P246 Rizzolatti G, 1998, TRENDS NEUROSCI, V21, P188, DOI 10.1016/S0166-2236(98)01260-0 SCHAFFLER L, 1994, EPILEPSIA, V35, P525, DOI 10.1111/j.1528-1157.1994.tb02472.x SCHLAUG G, 1994, EXP BRAIN RES, V98, P523 SELNES OA, 1985, ANN NEUROL, V17, P549, DOI 10.1002/ana.410170604 SHEER DE, 1966, PSYCHOL REP, V19, P1333 SINGER W, 1993, ANNU REV PHYSIOL, V55, P349, DOI 10.1146/annurev.physiol.55.1.349 Smith CD, 1996, NEUROREPORT, V7, P781, DOI 10.1097/00001756-199602290-00024 Spitzer M, 1998, COGNITIVE BRAIN RES, V6, P309, DOI 10.1016/S0926-6410(97)00020-7 SPITZER M, 1995, NEUROREPORT, V6, P2109, DOI 10.1097/00001756-199511000-00003 TallonBaudry C, 1996, J NEUROSCI, V16, P4240 Toglia M. P., 1978, HDB SEMANTIC WORD NO VONDERMALSBURG C, 1995, CURR OPIN NEUROBIOL, V5, P520 NR 95 TC 4 Z9 5 PU PSYCHOLOGY PRESS PI HOVE PA 27 CHURCH RD, HOVE BN3 2FA, EAST SUSSEX, ENGLAND SN 0268-7038 J9 APHASIOLOGY JI Aphasiology PD SEP PY 2002 VL 16 IS 9 BP 903 EP 926 DI 10.1080/02687030244000383 PG 24 WC Clinical Neurology SC Neurosciences & Neurology GA 594BX UT WOS:000178029800006 ER PT J AU Peach, RK AF Peach, RK TI Treatment for phonological dyslexia targeting regularity effects SO APHASIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID ACCESSING LEXICAL REPRESENTATIONS; SIMULTANEOUS ACTIVATION; DEEP DYSLEXIA; ALEXIA; MECHANISMS; CONTINUUM; RECOVERY; APHASIA; OUTPUT AB Background: A treatment programme for an adult case of acquired phonological dyslexia is described. In addition to disproportionate difficulty in reading nonwords and predominately visual errors for real words, this case of phonological dyslexia demonstrated clear regularity effects (fewer irregular than regular words read aloud and regularised pronunciations for irregular words) on testing. Based on Hillis and Caramazza's summation hypothesis (1991, 1995), it was assumed that the participant's difficulty with irregular words arose from an impaired semantic system that produced equal activation of both the target and related lexical representations. With an impaired grapheme to phoneme conversion mechanism (as suggested by his inability to read nonwords), the phonological information associated with the target was insufficient to cause the correct lexical representation to reach threshold from among the alternatives. In this situation, the participant's phonological impairment formed the basis for his difficulty with reading irregular words aloud. The treatment programme for this participant therefore targeted GPC processes to strengthen the phonological information necessary for producing irregular words. Aims: The study aimed to determine whether the accuracy and promptness of oral reading for irregular words could be improved by targeting grapheme to phoneme conversion processes, and whether any effects would be observed on other standardised reading tasks. Methods & Procedures: The treatment programme focused on improving grapheme to phoneme conversion for irregular words controlled for frequency of occurrence and imageability through repeated exposures to multiple exemplars demonstrating target phonological contrasts. Written production and syllable parsing followed oral productions. A multiple-baseline across-behaviours single-subject design was used to evaluate the effects of the programme. Outcome & Results: Increased sensitivity to the production of two graphemes in low-frequency conditions was suggested by the participant's performance. Clear treatment effects could not be demonstrated, however, because of ceiling effects and unstable baselines. Improvements in reading comprehension, reading rate, and nonword reading were observed post-treatment. Conclusions: As the theory used to guide this participant's treatment also implicates increased thresholds for the semantic activation of target lexical items as a basis for difficulty in reading irregular words, future work should continue to assess the relative contributions of treating lexical semantic versus GPC processes in these participants. Studies should persist in attempting to circumvent the experimental problems that might arise during the early stages of recovery while continuing to exploit more recent theoretical accounts of reading to identify effective treatments. C1 Rush Univ, Rush Presbyterian St Lukes Med Ctr, Chicago, IL 60612 USA. RP Peach, RK (reprint author), Rush Univ, Rush Presbyterian St Lukes Med Ctr, 1653 W Congress Pkwy, Chicago, IL 60612 USA. CR BEAUVOIS MF, 1979, J NEUROL NEUROSUR PS, V42, P1115, DOI 10.1136/jnnp.42.12.1115 COLTHEART M, 1981, Q J EXP PSYCHOL-A, V33, P497 COLTHEART M, 1978, DEEP DYSLEXIA Coltheart M, 1996, COGNITIVE NEUROPSYCH, V13, P749 DEPARTZ MP, 1986, COGNITIVE NEUROPSYCH, V3, P149, DOI 10.1080/02643298608252674 Ellis A., 1984, READING WRITING DYSL Friedman RB, 1996, BRAIN LANG, V52, P114, DOI 10.1006/brln.1996.0006 GLOSSER G, 1990, CORTEX, V26, P343 Grayson E, 1997, EUR J DISORDER COMM, V32, P257 HILLIS AE, 1991, BRAIN LANG, V40, P106, DOI 10.1016/0093-934X(91)90119-L HILLIS AE, 1995, COGNITIVE NEUROPSYCH, V12, P187, DOI 10.1080/02643299508251996 Johnson W., 1963, DIAGNOSTIC METHODS S Kaplan E, 1983, BOSTON NAMING TEST Kay J., 1992, PALPA PSYCHOLINGUIST Kendall DL, 1998, APHASIOLOGY, V12, P587, DOI 10.1080/02687039808249560 Kertesz A., 1982, W APHASIA BATTERY LaPointe L., 1998, READING COMPREHENSIO MATTHEWS C, 1991, J COMMUN DISORD, V24, P21, DOI 10.1016/0021-9924(91)90031-D Mitchum C. C., 1991, J NEUROLINGUIST, V6, P103, DOI 10.1016/0911-6044(91)90003-2 NICKELS L, 1992, COGNITIVE NEUROPSYCH, V9, P155, DOI 10.1080/02643299208252057 Patterson K., 1987, ATTENTION PERFORMANC, VXII Peach RK, 2001, AM J SPEECH-LANG PAT, V10, P29, DOI 10.1044/1058-0360(2001/005) SCHELL RE, 1972, LETT SOUNDS MANUAL R Southwood MH, 2001, BRAIN LANG, V76, P18, DOI 10.1006/brln.2000.2384 Southwood MH, 1999, BRAIN LANG, V67, P1, DOI 10.1006/brln.1998.2046 Wilson M., 1987, MRC PSYCHOLINGUISTIC NR 26 TC 4 Z9 4 PU PSYCHOLOGY PRESS PI HOVE PA 27 CHURCH RD, HOVE BN3 2FA, EAST SUSSEX, ENGLAND SN 0268-7038 J9 APHASIOLOGY JI Aphasiology PD AUG PY 2002 VL 16 IS 8 BP 779 EP 789 DI 10.1080/02687030244000103 PG 11 WC Clinical Neurology SC Neurosciences & Neurology GA 581LQ UT WOS:000177294200001 ER PT J AU Ross, KB Wertz, RT AF Ross, KB Wertz, RT TI Relationships between language-based disability and quality of life in chronically aphasic adults SO APHASIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID OF-LIFE; INDEX; HEALTH AB Background: A growing consensus among speech-language pathologists that treatment goals should be significant to the consumer and society has spurred clinicians to address stroke survivors' quality of life (QOL) as a possible target for remediation. Use of formal measures to detect decreased QOL presumes that test performance of aphasic patients is different from that of non-brain-injured (NBI) adults. Treatment directed towards decreased QOL presupposes that its symptoms are attributable to a diagnosis of aphasia. Differential performance for chronically aphasic and NBI adults on two QOL measures has been established. However, relationships between residual language and/or communication deficits and QOL have not been confirmed. Aims: We examined relationships between residual language and/or communication deficits and QOL to determine whether, within NBI adult and chronically aphasic adult groups, there are significant relationships between language impairment and QOL measures; whether there are significant relationships between communication activity limitation and QOL measures; and, whether the strengths of these relationships differ between groups. Methods & Procedures: A total of 18 NBI controls and 18 adults with chronic aphasia were administered two language impairment tests (WAB, PICA), two communication activity limitation assessments (CADL-2, ASHA FACS), and two QOL measures (WHOQOL-BREF, PWI). Correlation analyses were used to examine relationships between residual language and/or communication deficits and QOL. Outcome & Results: Although chronically aphasic adults scored significantly lower on all measures than did NBI adults, language-based disability generally was not significantly related with QOL in either group. Within the NBI group, only one language impairment and one QOL measure were significantly related. Within the chronically aphasic group, there were no significant relationships between language impairment and QOL measures, and there were no significant between-groups differences in the strengths of these relationships. Within either group, there were no significant relationships between communication activity limitation and QOL measures. Furthermore, there were no significant between-groups differences in the strengths of these relationships. Conclusions: The results of this investigation may be interpreted to suggest that decreased QOL in chronically aphasic adults is not closely related with language-based disablement. Thus, speech therapy that directly targets QOL in aphasic patients may not be justified. However, the use of correlational analysis limits the ability to rule out viable, alternative hypotheses or to account for misinterpretation due to measurement error. To examine relationships between language-based disablement, other undetermined factors, and QOL, further study, using larger sample sizes and causal modelling techniques, is recommended. C1 Carl T Hayden Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Dept Speech Pathol & Audiol, CS 126, Phoenix, AZ 85012 USA. Tennessee Valley Healthcare Syst, Dept Vet Affairs, Nashville, TN USA. Vanderbilt Univ, Sch Med, Nashville, TN USA. RP Ross, KB (reprint author), Carl T Hayden Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Dept Speech Pathol & Audiol, CS 126, 650 E Indian Sch Rd, Phoenix, AZ 85012 USA. CR BERGNER M, 1981, MED CARE, V19, P787, DOI 10.1097/00005650-198108000-00001 Brown M, 1999, MT SINAI J MED, V66, P160 Cohen B., 1996, EXPLAINING PSYCHOL S DEHAAN R, 1993, STROKE, V24, P1178 DUFFY J, 1993, CLIN APHASIOLOGY, V21, P47 Frattali C, 1995, AM SPEECH LANGUAGE H FRATTALI CM, 1998, MEASURING OUTCOMES S, P55 GLASS GV, 1996, STAT METHODS ED PSYC, P355 Goodglass H., 1972, BOSTON DIAGNOSTIC AP Holland A., 1980, COMMUNICATIVE ABILIT Holland A. L., 1999, COMMUNICATION ACTIVI IRWIN WH, 2000, ANN CONV AM SPEECH L Kertesz A., 1982, W APHASIA BATTERY Lyon JG, 1997, APHASIOLOGY, V11, P693, DOI 10.1080/02687039708249416 MCINTOSH KW, 1997, THESIS U COLORADO DE PAULBROWN D, 2001, UNPUB QUALITY COMMUN Porch B. E., 1967, PORCH INDEX COMMUNIC ROBINSON BC, 1983, J GERONTOL, V38, P344 ROSENBEK JC, 1989, APHASIA CLIN APPROAC, P53 ROSS KB, 2001, UNPUB DISCRIMINATIVE ROSS KB, 1999, THESIS VANDERBILT U SPITZER WO, 1981, J CHRON DIS, V34, P585, DOI 10.1016/0021-9681(81)90058-8 Harper A, 1998, PSYCHOL MED, V28, P551 TOMPKINS CA, 1993, CLIN APHASIOLOGY, V21, P35 WOLF MM, 1978, J APPL BEHAV ANAL, V11, P203, DOI 10.1901/jaba.1978.11-203 WOODDAUPHINEE SL, 1988, ARCH PHYS MED REHAB, V69, P583 World Health Organization, 2001, ICIDH 2 INT CLASS FU Orley J, 1996, WORLD HEALTH FORUM, V17, P354 NR 28 TC 16 Z9 17 PU PSYCHOLOGY PRESS PI HOVE PA 27 CHURCH RD, HOVE BN3 2FA, EAST SUSSEX, ENGLAND SN 0268-7038 J9 APHASIOLOGY JI Aphasiology PD AUG PY 2002 VL 16 IS 8 BP 791 EP 800 DI 10.1080/02687030244000130 PG 10 WC Clinical Neurology SC Neurosciences & Neurology GA 581LQ UT WOS:000177294200002 ER PT J AU Park, GH McNeil, MR Doyle, PJ AF Park, GH McNeil, MR Doyle, PJ TI Lexical access rate of closed-class elements during auditory sentence comprehension in adults with aphasia SO APHASIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID CLASS WORDS; TIME; COMPLEXITY; LANGUAGE; CONTEXT; MODEL AB Background: One hypothesis regarding the underlying impairment in agrammatic comprehension suggests that individuals with this disorder suffer from a reduction in lexical activation of closed-class words and therefore cannot appropriately construct a syntactic frame on which lexical semantic information can be applied (Friederici, 1988). Aims: Given the temporally based hypothesis, this investigation examined the effects of increased inter-word intervals (IWI) following closed-class words on auditory comprehension of various sentence types by individuals with agrammatic comprehension. It was hypothesised that providing a longer temporal window for access and processing of closed-class words would improve sentence structure comprehension. Methods & Procedures: Twelve adults with aphasia participated in an agent identification task given varying auditory sentence stimuli. Six sentence types and six IWI durations served as independent variable while accuracy and response times were measured. Outcomes & Results: Results indicated that auditory sentence comprehension performance improves when IWIs are increased. However, differences exist among individuals in response to specific IWI durations. Conclusions: Implications of delayed access rates of closed-class words in agrammatic comprehension are discussed. C1 Univ Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15260 USA. Va Pittsburgh Hlth Care Syst, Pittsburgh, PA USA. Univ Pittsburgh, Passavant Hosp, Pittsburgh, PA 15260 USA. RP Park, GH (reprint author), NIDCD, NIH, Language Sect, Bldg 10,Room 3C-716, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. CR ARVEDSON JC, 1985, CLIN APHASIOLOGY, V15, P57 Bayles K. A., 1993, ARIZONA BATTERY COMM BLUMSTEIN SE, 1985, BRAIN LANG, V24, P246, DOI 10.1016/0093-934X(85)90134-8 BRADLEY D. C., 1980, BIOL STUDIES MENTAL, P269 BROOKSHIRE RH, 1984, J SPEECH HEAR RES, V27, P323 Brown CM, 1999, J COGNITIVE NEUROSCI, V11, P261, DOI 10.1162/089892999563382 BROWN JW, 1973, APHASIA A PICK Caplan D, 1997, J SPEECH LANG HEAR R, V40, P542 CAPLAN D, 1995, CLIN NEUROPSYCHOLOGI FERREIRA F, 1986, J MEM LANG, V25, P348, DOI 10.1016/0749-596X(86)90006-9 FRAZIER L, 1978, COGNITION, V6, P291, DOI 10.1016/0010-0277(78)90002-1 FRIEDERICI AD, 1995, BRAIN LANG, V50, P259, DOI 10.1006/brln.1995.1048 FRIEDERICI AD, 1988, APHASIOLOGY, V2, P279, DOI 10.1080/02687038808248924 FRIEDERICI AD, 1983, NEUROPSYCHOLOGIA, V21, P351, DOI 10.1016/0028-3932(83)90021-0 FRIEDERICI AD, 1985, COGNITION, V19, P133, DOI 10.1016/0010-0277(85)90016-2 GARRETT M, 1978, HDB SENSORY PHYSL, V8 Garrett MF., 1980, LANGUAGE PRODUCTION GLEASON JB, 1975, BRAIN LANG, V2, P451, DOI 10.1016/S0093-934X(75)80083-6 Goodglass H, 1972, Cortex, V8, P191 GREENBERG SN, 1991, J EXP PSYCHOL LEARN, V17, P1051, DOI 10.1037/0278-7393.17.6.1051 GRODZINSKY Y, 1988, LANG SPEECH, V31, P115 HAARMANN HJ, 1994, BRAIN LANG, V46, P493, DOI 10.1006/brln.1994.1028 Kertesz A., 1982, W APHASIA BATTERY King JW, 1998, NEUROSCI LETT, V244, P61, DOI 10.1016/S0304-3940(98)00140-2 KOLK H, 1995, BRAIN LANG, V50, P282, DOI 10.1006/brln.1995.1049 KOLK HHJ, 1985, COGNITIVE NEUROPSYCH, V2, P347, DOI 10.1080/02643298508252666 KORIAT A, 1993, J EXP PSYCHOL LEARN, V19, P34, DOI 10.1037//0278-7393.19.1.34 LASKY EZ, 1976, BRAIN LANG, V3, P386, DOI 10.1016/0093-934X(76)90034-1 LILES BZ, 1975, J COMMUN DISORD, V8, P221, DOI 10.1016/0021-9924(75)90015-5 LUKATELA K, 1991, AC APH OCT 13 15 ROM MCNEIL M, 1999, CLIN APH C 4 8 JUN K McNeil M. R., 1978, REVISED TOKEN TEST NEVILLE H J, 1992, Cerebral Cortex, V2, P244, DOI 10.1093/cercor/2.3.244 Porch B. E., 1981, PORCH INDEX COMMUNIC SALVATORE A, 1976, CLIN APHASIOLOGY Schmauder AR, 1996, J PSYCHOLINGUIST RES, V25, P443 Swinney D, 1989, J Cogn Neurosci, V1, P25, DOI 10.1162/jocn.1989.1.1.25 SWINNEY DA, 1980, BRAIN LANG, V10, P132, DOI 10.1016/0093-934X(80)90044-9 ter Keurs M, 1999, BRAIN, V122, P839, DOI 10.1093/brain/122.5.839 Zurif E., 1976, STUDIES NEUROLINGUIS, V1 NR 40 TC 3 Z9 3 PU PSYCHOLOGY PRESS PI HOVE PA 27 CHURCH RD, HOVE BN3 2FA, EAST SUSSEX, ENGLAND SN 0268-7038 J9 APHASIOLOGY JI Aphasiology PD AUG PY 2002 VL 16 IS 8 BP 801 EP 814 DI 10.1080/02687030244000158 PG 14 WC Clinical Neurology SC Neurosciences & Neurology GA 581LQ UT WOS:000177294200003 ER PT J AU McNeil, MR Doyle, PJ Park, GH Fossett, TRD Brodsky, MB AF McNeil, MR Doyle, PJ Park, GH Fossett, TRD Brodsky, MB TI Increasing the sensitivity of the Story Retell Procedure for the discrimination of normal elderly subjects from persons with aphasia SO APHASIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID CONNECTED SPEECH; MEMORY; ADULTS; INFORMATION AB Background: Clinicians have long recognised the need for assessing language production at multiple levels of complexity and at impairment, participation, and activity levels. Methods for the elicitation of connected spoken language have taken many forms, typically selected with a balance between validly sampling linguistic performance, and reliability and economy of the sampling and scoring procedures. A Story Retell Procedure (SRP) has been proposed as a preferred method for achieving valid, reliable, and economic assessment of connected language (Doyle et al., 2000), and an information unit (IU) metric has been developed for validly and economically capturing important linguistic aspects of the retelling (McNeil, Doyle, Fossett, Park & Goda, 2001). Aims: In keeping with the goal of making assessment procedures as efficient and economic as possible, a study was undertaken to investigate the refinement of the IU metric for increasing the sensitivity of the SRP as an instrument for the detection of connected paragraph-level language production deficits in persons with aphasia. This metric involved the calculation of the percentage of lUs (%IU) produced relative to the time taken to produce them (%IU/Min). Methods & Procedures: A total of 15 persons with aphasia, and 31 normal control individuals without a communication disorder served as participants for this study. Subjects heard, and immediately retold each of 12 stories originally taken from the Discourse Comprehension Test (Brookshire & Nicholas, 1997). The retellings were scored using the procedures outlined by McNeil et al. (2001) with the addition of the %IU calculated over the time of the retelling. Comparisons between subject groups and groups stratified by age, among SRP forms, between scoring methods (%IU vs %IU/Min.), and group misclassification by scoring method were made. Outcome & Results: Application of the %IU/Min with the SRP yielded equivalence among alternate forms as evidenced by non-significant differences and high correlation coefficients among the SRP forms for persons with aphasia. The %IU/Min also decreased the percentage of misclassified aphasic and normal individuals compared to the %IU measure. Older normal subjects were misclassified as aphasic with greater frequency compared to the younger normal subjects. Conclusions: The %IU/Min is a more sensitive metric than the %IU in differentiating individuals with aphasia from older normal controls. C1 Univ Pittsburgh, Passavants Hosp, Pittsburgh, PA 15260 USA. Va Pittsburgh Hlth Care Syst, Pittsburgh, PA USA. RP McNeil, MR (reprint author), Univ Pittsburgh, Dept Commun Sci & Disorder, 4033 Forbes Tower, Pittsburgh, PA 15260 USA. CR ARVEDSON JC, 1985, CLIN APHASIOLOGY, V15, P57 Balota DA, 2000, OXFORD HDB MEMORY, P395 Bayles K. A., 1993, ARIZONA BATTERY COMM Berndt R. S., 2000, QUANTITATIVE PRODUCT BRODSKY MB, 2000, AC APH MONTR CAN Brookshire R. H., 1997, DISCOURSE COMPREHENS Carlesimo GA, 1997, CORTEX, V33, P155 Chafe W. L., 1980, ADV DISCOURSE PROCES, V3, P9 Doyle PJ, 1998, APHASIOLOGY, V12, P561, DOI 10.1080/02687039808249558 Doyle PJ, 2000, APHASIOLOGY, V14, P537 Goodglass H, 1983, ASSESSMENT APHASIA R, V2nd Korsnes MS, 1996, ACTA PSYCHOL, V94, P133, DOI 10.1016/0001-6918(95)00056-9 KORSNES MS, 1993, PERCEPT MOTOR SKILL, V76, P1011 McNeil M. R., 1978, REVISED TOKEN TEST McNeil M. R., 1995, AM J SPEECH-LANG PAT, V4, P76, DOI 10.1044/1058-0360.0404.76 MCNEIL MR, 2001, APHASIOLOGY, V10, P991 Nicholas Linda E., 1995, Journal of Speech and Hearing Research, V38, P145 NICHOLAS LE, 1993, J SPEECH HEAR RES, V36, P338 Oelschlaeger ML, 1999, J SPEECH LANG HEAR R, V42, P636 Porch B. E., 1981, PORCH INDEX COMMUNIC Ulatowska HK, 1998, APHASIOLOGY, V12, P619, DOI 10.1080/02687039808249562 ULATOWSKA HK, 1980, CLIN APHASIOLOGY, V9, P17 WAMBAUGH JL, 1991, CLIN APHASIOLOGY, V20, P343 YORKSTON KM, 1980, J SPEECH HEAR DISORD, V45, P27 NR 24 TC 8 Z9 8 PU PSYCHOLOGY PRESS PI HOVE PA 27 CHURCH RD, HOVE BN3 2FA, EAST SUSSEX, ENGLAND SN 0268-7038 J9 APHASIOLOGY JI Aphasiology PD AUG PY 2002 VL 16 IS 8 BP 815 EP 822 DI 10.1080/02687030244000284 PG 8 WC Clinical Neurology SC Neurosciences & Neurology GA 581LQ UT WOS:000177294200004 ER PT J AU Irwin, WH Wertz, RT Avent, JR AF Irwin, WH Wertz, RT Avent, JR TI Relationships among language impairment, functional communication, and pragmatic performance in aphasia SO APHASIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID ADULT APHASIA AB Background: Severity of and change in aphasia may be indexed by a language impairment measure or a functional communication measure, including assessment of pragmatic performance. The relationship of severity of and change in aphasia between different measures has not been clearly established. Aims: Performance on measures of language impairment, Porch Index of Communicative Abilities (PICA); functional communication, Rating of Functional Performance (RFP); and pragmatic performance, Pragmatic Protocol (PP) was examined to determine whether there are significant relationships among severity of performance deficits and among change in performance on each measure. The research questions were: Are there significant relationships among aphasic patients' language impairment, functional communication, and pragmatic performance at 4, 15, 26, 37, and 48 weeks postonset? Are there significant relationships among change scores between 4-15, 15-26, 26-37, 37-48, and 4-48 weeks postonset? Methods & Procedures: A total of 20 adults who were aphasic subsequent to a first, single thromboembolic stroke were administered the PICA, the RFP, and the PP at 4 weeks postonset and every 1 1 weeks thereafter during the first year postonset. A priori predictions about the relationships between measures were made, and correlational analyses were used to examine the relationships among measures. Partial correlations and comparisons of correlation coefficients were also employed. Outcomes & Results: Severity of both pragmatic performance and functional communication were significantly related with language impairment. Severity of pragmatic performance and functional communication were significantly related only at 4 weeks postonset. Correlations between measures of severity were not significantly different from each other. Correlations between change scores on repeated test administrations were significant only for the RFP and PICA between 4-15 weeks and 4-48 weeks. Conclusions: Results suggest that while a measure of language impairment may be significantly related with severity of functional communication and pragmatic performance, severity of pragmatic performance is significantly related with severity of functional communication only at 1 month postonset. Moreover, change on any one of the measures is generally not significantly related with change on the other measures. The use of correlational analysis to determine whether different assessments measure different constructs in aphasia is discussed, and alternative methods of analysis are presented. C1 Dept Vet Affairs Tennessee Valley Healthcare Syst, Nashville, TN USA. Vanderbilt Univ, Sch Med, Nashville, TN USA. Calif State Univ Hayward, Hayward, CA 94542 USA. RP Irwin, WH (reprint author), VA Tennessee Valley Healthcare Syst, Audiol & Speech Pathol Serv 126, 1310 24th Ave S, Nashville, TN 37212 USA. CR ATEN JL, 1986, LANGUAGE INTERVENTIO, P266 ATEN JL, 1994, LANGUAGE INTERVENTIO, P292 Avent JR, 1998, J NEUROLINGUIST, V11, P207, DOI 10.1016/S0911-6044(98)00014-1 Avent JR, 1996, APHASIOLOGY, V10, P253, DOI 10.1080/02687039608248411 BLOMERT L, 1990, APHASIOLOGY, V4, P307, DOI 10.1080/02687039008249085 Bloom RL, 1998, J NEUROLINGUIST, V11, P11, DOI 10.1016/S0911-6044(98)00002-5 Chapman SB, 1998, J NEUROLINGUIST, V11, P55, DOI 10.1016/S0911-6044(98)00005-0 Chwat S., 1981, CLIN APHASIOLOGY, P212 Davis G. A., 1993, SURVEY ADULT APHASIA DUFFY J, 1992, CLIN APHASIOLOGY, V21, P48 FLOWERS CR, 1979, APHASIA APRAXIA AGNO, V1, P18 Frattali Carol M., 1998, Seminars in Speech and Language, V19, P209, DOI 10.1055/s-2008-1064045 Holland Audrey L., 1998, Seminars in Speech and Language, V19, P249, DOI 10.1055/s-2008-1064048 HOLLAND A, 1999, COMMUNICATIVE ABILIT HOLLAND AL, 1982, J SPEECH HEAR DISORD, V47, P50 Holland A., 1980, COMMUNICATIVE ABILIT Holland AL, 1996, J SPEECH HEAR RES, V39, pS27 Horner J, 1994, LANGUAGE INTERVENTIO, P135 Howell D. C., 1992, STAT METHODS PSYCHOL Kertesz A., 1982, W APHASIA BATTERY Linebaugh C. W., 1978, CLIN APHASIOLOGY C P, P304 LOMAS J, 1989, J SPEECH HEAR DISORD, V54, P113 Lorch MP, 1998, J NEUROLINGUIST, V11, P103, DOI 10.1016/S0911-6044(98)00008-6 MANOCHIOPINIG S, 1992, APHASIOLOGY, V6, P519, DOI 10.1080/02687039208249489 Murray L. L., 2001, LANGUAGE INTERVENTIO, P55 Newhoff Marilyn, 1997, P250 Porch B. E., 1967, PORCH INDEX COMMUNIC PRUTTING CA, 1987, J SPEECH HEAR DISORD, V52, P105 Ross KB, 1999, APHASIOLOGY, V13, P113, DOI 10.1080/026870399402235 Sarno MT, 1969, FUNCTIONAL COMMUNICA STUDEBAKER GA, 1985, J SPEECH HEAR RES, V28, P455 TAYLOR M L, 1965, Arch Phys Med Rehabil, V46, P101 ULATOWSKA H K, 1989, Seminars in Speech and Language, V10, P298, DOI 10.1055/s-2008-1064270 WERTZ RT, 1981, J SPEECH HEAR RES, V24, P580 World Health Organization, 1999, ICIDH 2 INT CLASS FU World Health Organization, 1980, INT CLASS IMP DIS HA NR 36 TC 13 Z9 13 PU PSYCHOLOGY PRESS PI HOVE PA 27 CHURCH RD, HOVE BN3 2FA, EAST SUSSEX, ENGLAND SN 0268-7038 J9 APHASIOLOGY JI Aphasiology PD AUG PY 2002 VL 16 IS 8 BP 823 EP 835 DI 10.1080/02687030244000086 PG 13 WC Clinical Neurology SC Neurosciences & Neurology GA 581LQ UT WOS:000177294200005 ER PT J AU Simmons-Mackie, N Code, C Armstrong, E Stiegler, L Elman, RJ AF Simmons-Mackie, N Code, C Armstrong, E Stiegler, L Elman, RJ TI What is aphasia? Results of an international survey SO APHASIOLOGY LA English DT Article AB Background: Although the literature implies that there is limited public awareness of aphasia, direct data have been lacking. Aims: Therefore, a survey was undertaken to sample public awareness of aphasia. Methods & Procedures: A face-to-face survey of individuals in public places in England, the USA, and Australia was undertaken. A total of 978 individuals were surveyed. Data were analysed to determine the number of informants who had "heard of aphasia" and the number with "basic knowledge of aphasia". In addition, characteristics of informants were analysed. Outcomes & Results: Of the individuals surveyed, 133 said they had heard of aphasia (13.6%), but only 53 (5.4%) met the criterion of having "basic knowledge of aphasia". Conclusions: These findings lend support to the notion that the public lacks awareness or understanding of aphasia. As public awareness can affect funding, quality of services, and public acceptance of individuals with a disorder, public awareness and advocacy campaigns are needed. C1 SE Louisiana Univ, Hammond, LA 70402 USA. Univ Exeter, Exeter EX4 4QJ, Devon, England. Univ Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia. Macquarie Univ, Sydney, NSW 2109, Australia. Aphasia Ctr Calif, Oakland, CA USA. RP Simmons-Mackie, N (reprint author), 59020 Highway 433, Slidell, LA 70460 USA. CR BOJORQUEZ J, 1998, NAPLES DAILY NE 1208 BREAKEY L, 2000, ASHA SPECIAL INTERES, V10 Byng S., 2000, ACQUIRED NEUROGENIC, P49 Code Chris, 1999, Seminars in Speech and Language, V20, P19, DOI 10.1055/s-2008-1064006 Code C, 2001, INT J LANG COMM DIS, V36, P41 Elman RJ, 2000, APHASIOLOGY, V14, P455 Garcia LJ, 2000, APHASIOLOGY, V14, P269 HELMESTABROOKS N, 2000, ASHA SPECIAL INTERES, V10 Kagan A., 2000, AM SPEECH LANG HEAR LUCAS L, 2000, ASHA SPECIAL INTERES, V10, P13 MUSSON N, 2000, ASHA SPECIAL INTERES, V10, P4 *NAT ALL MENT ILL, 1995, GAPS EX PUBL UND BIP *NAT MENT HLTH ASS, 2000, FACTSH MHIC MENT ILL *NAT STROK ASS, 2000, BRAIN ATT STAT National Aphasia Association, 1988, IMP APH PAT FAM RES Office of Population Censuses and Surveys, 1980, CLASS OCC Parr S., 1997, TALKING APHASIA Speakability, 2000, PHON SURV NR 18 TC 30 Z9 32 PU PSYCHOLOGY PRESS PI HOVE PA 27 CHURCH RD, HOVE BN3 2FA, EAST SUSSEX, ENGLAND SN 0268-7038 J9 APHASIOLOGY JI Aphasiology PD AUG PY 2002 VL 16 IS 8 BP 837 EP 848 DI 10.1080/02687030244000185 PG 12 WC Clinical Neurology SC Neurosciences & Neurology GA 581LQ UT WOS:000177294200006 ER PT J AU Law, SP Cheng, MY AF Law, SP Cheng, MY TI Production of grammatical morphemes in Cantonese aphasia SO APHASIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID COGNITIVE NEUROPSYCHOLOGY; QUANTITATIVE-ANALYSIS; SENTENCE PRODUCTION; AGRAMMATIC APHASIA; SYNTACTIC DEFICITS; BROCAS APHASIA; COMPREHENSION; MORPHOLOGY; FLUENT; SPEECH AB Background: The manifestation of impaired production of closed-class morphemes in Chinese aphasia has been examined in recent years (Lu, 1994; Packard, 1990, 1993; Tzeng, Chen, Hung, 1991; Yiu & Worrall, 1996). However, these studies employed tasks that either allowed the patients to use avoidance strategies to conceal their impairment or modelled the target morphemes and thus provided cues to the patient. Hence, a contextually highly constrained task was used in this study. Aims: This study aimed at confirming previous observations regarding continuity across clinical types in grammatical morpheme production, dissociable performances among markers of the same morpheme category and among homophonous functors serving different functions, and to identify factors determining the accessibility of grammatical morphemes. Methods & Procedures: The Cloze test without modelling of target morphemes was employed. A wide range of functors were examined including: aspect markers; negative markers; classifiers with sub-types of verbal, sortal, container, and collective classifiers; pronouns encompassing personal, predicative, and adverbial pronouns; coverbs; structural particles including the nominative, adjectival, and adverbial particles, and one modal particle; and structural suffixes including one associated with descriptive complements and one with resultative complements. Six fluent and four non-fluent Cantonese-speaking aphasic patients were involved. They suffered either a head trauma or a unilateral left CVA at least 6 months prior to the first test session. Outcomes & Results: The main findings were largely consistent with previous reports: (1) Pronouns, coverbs, structural and modal particles, and structural suffixes presented greater difficulty to the patients than aspect markers, negative markers and classifiers. (2) Dissociations in performance were found among different members of the same category and between homophonous morphemes serving different functions. (3) Performances of the fluent and non-fluent groups differed quantitatively rather than qualitatively, with better performance on all categories by the fluent group. (4) Neither substitutions nor omissions dominated the error patterns of either aphasia group. Conclusions: The results confirm previous observations that the difference between fluent and non-fluent aphasic patients with regard to the production of grammatical morphemes is non-categorical, and that morphemes of the same category and homophonous markers of different functions may present different degrees of difficulty to the patients. Furthermore, factors including global vs local relationships, conceptual complexity, semantic value, frequency of occurrence, and optionality of occurrence may help determine the relative accessibility of functors. C1 Univ Hong Kong, Dept Speech & Hearing Sci, Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Peoples R China. RP Law, SP (reprint author), Univ Hong Kong, Dept Speech & Hearing Sci, Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Peoples R China. RI Law, Sam Po/A-3162-2010 CR BADECKER W, 1985, COGNITION, V20, P97, DOI 10.1016/0010-0277(85)90049-6 BATES E, 1987, CORTEX, V23, P545 BAUM SR, 1989, BRAIN LANG, V37, P327, DOI 10.1016/0093-934X(89)90021-7 Berndt R. S., 1987, COGNITIVE NEUROPSYCH, P221 Bird H, 1996, J NEUROLINGUIST, V9, P187, DOI 10.1016/0911-6044(96)00006-1 BUTTERWORTH B, 1987, COGNITION, V26, P1, DOI 10.1016/0010-0277(87)90012-6 CARAMAZZA A, 1986, BRAIN COGNITION, V5, P41, DOI 10.1016/0278-2626(86)90061-8 CARAMAZZA A, 1992, J COGNITIVE NEUROSCI, V4, P80, DOI 10.1162/jocn.1992.4.1.80 DEBLESER R, 1987, COGNITIVE NEUROPSYCH, V4, P187, DOI 10.1080/02643298708252039 Goodglass H., 1976, STUDIES NEUROLINGUIS, V1, P237 Goodglass H., 1968, DEV APPL PSYCHOLINGU, P177 Grodzinsky Y, 1999, BRAIN LANG, V67, P134, DOI 10.1006/brln.1999.2050 GRODZINSKY Y, 1991, BRAIN LANG, V41, P555, DOI 10.1016/0093-934X(91)90174-Y Heeschen C., 1985, AGRAMMATISM, P207 Hesketh A, 1996, APHASIOLOGY, V10, P49, DOI 10.1080/02687039608248398 KOLK HHJ, 1985, COGNITIVE NEUROPSYCH, V2, P347, DOI 10.1080/02643298508252666 LAW SP, 2000, HKCAC HONG KONG CANT LEE SF, 1995, GWONGZAU FONGJIN JIN LU L, 1994, THESIS BOSTON U US MARTIN RC, 1986, BRAIN LANG, V28, P196, DOI 10.1016/0093-934X(86)90102-1 MATTHEWS S, 1994, CANTONESE COMPREHENS, P115 Menn L., 1990, AGRAMMATIC APHASIA C MICELI G, 1983, BRAIN LANG, V19, P65, DOI 10.1016/0093-934X(83)90056-1 MICELI G, 1988, BRAIN LANG, V35, P24, DOI 10.1016/0093-934X(88)90100-9 MICELI G, 1989, BRAIN LANG, V36, P447, DOI 10.1016/0093-934X(89)90079-5 Miceli G., 1990, AGRAMMATIC APHASIA C, P717 NESPOULOUS JL, 1988, BRAIN LANG, V33, P273, DOI 10.1016/0093-934X(88)90069-7 Packard J., 1990, AGRAMMATIC APHASIA C, P1191 Packard J., 1993, LINGUISTIC INVESTIGA Rochon E, 2000, BRAIN LANG, V72, P193, DOI 10.1006/brln.1999.2285 Saffran E., 1980, LANGUAGE PRODUCTION SAFFRAN EM, 1989, BRAIN LANG, V37, P440, DOI 10.1016/0093-934X(89)90030-8 SI KS, 1995, JYUJIN JINGAU, V1, P114 TYLER LK, 1989, COGN NEUROPSYCHOL, V6, P333, DOI 10.1080/02643298908253423 TZENG OJL, 1991, BRAIN LANG, V41, P184, DOI 10.1016/0093-934X(91)90152-Q VONSTOCKERT TR, 1976, CORTEX, V12, P49 YIU EML, 1996, ASIA PACIFIC J SPEEC, V1, P105 YIU EML, 1992, J NEUROLINGUIST, V7, P374 ZHU DX, 1984, YUFA JIANGYI NR 39 TC 2 Z9 2 PU PSYCHOLOGY PRESS PI HOVE PA 27 CHURCH RD, HOVE BN3 2FA, EAST SUSSEX, ENGLAND SN 0268-7038 J9 APHASIOLOGY JI Aphasiology PD JUL PY 2002 VL 16 IS 7 BP 693 EP 714 DI 10.1080/02687040143000807 PG 22 WC Clinical Neurology SC Neurosciences & Neurology GA 564LM UT WOS:000176315900002 ER PT J AU Garcia, JM Garrett, KL Pimentel, JT Garcia, RG AF Garcia, JM Garrett, KL Pimentel, JT Garcia, RG TI Clinical services for aphasia: A survey of university clinics SO APHASIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID DISCHARGE; PLATEAU AB Background: University speech and hearing clinics are an essential component of most graduate students' clinical training (ASHA, 1985). In addition, they provide comprehensive clinical services to a diverse clientele, including individuals with aphasia. University clinics may provide an important service-delivery option in the continuum of care for individuals with aphasia particularly in light of service-delivery challenges created by changes in health care reimbursement in the USA. Aims: The purpose of this survey research was to investigate the role of university speech and hearing clinics in the United States in the management of aphasia. A specific aim was to determine the nature of the aphasia clientele, reasons for referral, types of therapy programmes, and other issues related to the delivery of clinical services to individuals with aphasia in university speech and hearing clinics. Methods & Procedures: A 16-item survey was mailed to clinic directors of 241 university training programmes in the United States. The data were collected from autumn of 1997 through spring of 1998. Outcomes & Results: Responses were received from 133 programmes, representing a 55.2% response rate. Data are presented from 126 speech and hearing clinics in the USA that reported outpatient clinical services for people with aphasia. Survey results showed that the typical profile of a person referred for clinical service was someone with nonfluent aphasia in the moderate-to-severe range of impairment who was over 6 months post-onset of injury. Survey findings also indicated that many individuals with aphasia had exhausted their rehabilitation dollars at acute-level facilities and were subsequently referred to university clinics by a speech-language pathologist or a friend or family member. Almost half (48%) received clinical services for 1-2 years, and the majority of university clinics provided clinical services at a relatively low cost. Conclusions: University training programmes varied in their number and type of clinical services provided to people with aphasia. Overall, programmes with more diverse clinical services appeared to assess or treat a greater number of individuals with aphasia in their university clinics. In addition, many university programmes integrated clinical services within their communities through activities such as support groups. The results from this survey study suggested that university speech and hearing clinics are a legitimate component of the "continuum of care'', particularly for people with chronic aphasia. C1 Kansas State Univ, Manhattan, KS 66506 USA. Duquesne Univ, Pittsburgh, PA 15219 USA. Eastern Washington Univ, Cheney, WA 99004 USA. RP Garcia, JM (reprint author), Kansas State Univ, 303 Justin, Manhattan, KS 66506 USA. CR *ASHA, 1985, ASHA, V27, P57 ATEN J, 1991, CLIN APHASIOLOGY, V20, P299 CORNETT BS, 2001, PROFESSIONAL ISSUES, P123 Elman R. J., 1995, AM J SPEECH-LANG PAT, V4, P115 ELMAN RJ, 1999, GROUP TREATMENT NEUR, P3 Elman RJ, 1998, APHASIOLOGY, V12, P227, DOI 10.1080/02687039808249450 Frattali C, 1995, AM SPEECH LANGUAGE H FRATTALI CM, 2000, NEUROGENIC COMMUNICA, P67 GARCIA J, 1995, ANN CONV AM SPEECH L GARRETT K, 1998, ANN CONV AM SPEECH L GOLPER LC, 2001, LANGUAGE INTERVENTIO, P194 Hersh D, 1998, APHASIOLOGY, V12, P207, DOI 10.1080/02687039808249447 HOLLAND A, 1994, AM J SPEECH-LANG PAT, V3, P34 HOLLAND AL, 1992, NIDCD MONOGRAPH, V2, P147 Kagan A, 1995, TOP STROKE REHABIL, V2, P15 Lyon J, 1992, AM J SPEECH-LANG PAT, V1, P7 Marshall R. C., 1997, AM J SPEECH-LANG PAT, V6, P5 Simmons-Mackie N, 1998, APHASIOLOGY, V12, P231, DOI 10.1080/02687039808249451 NR 18 TC 1 Z9 1 PU PSYCHOLOGY PRESS PI HOVE PA 27 CHURCH RD, HOVE BN3 2FA, EAST SUSSEX, ENGLAND SN 0268-7038 J9 APHASIOLOGY JI Aphasiology PD JUL PY 2002 VL 16 IS 7 BP 715 EP 726 DI 10.1080/02687030143000852 PG 12 WC Clinical Neurology SC Neurosciences & Neurology GA 564LM UT WOS:000176315900003 ER PT J AU Mayer, JF Murray, LL AF Mayer, JF Murray, LL TI Approaches to the treatment of alexia in chronic aphasia SO APHASIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID WORKING-MEMORY; ATTENTION; COMPREHENSION; LANGUAGE; INDIVIDUALS; DYSLEXIA; READERS; ADULTS AB Background: Reading problems are a common consequence of brain damage, whether as an isolated symptom or part of an aphasic syndrome. Despite the prevalence of acquired alexia, accurate and reliable assessment and treatment strategies have not yet been definitively identified. Furthermore, a growing volume of research has documented generalised cognitive deficits (separate from language-specific deficits) in individuals with acquired disorders of spoken or written language. Little to no data exist regarding whether addressing those deficits (e. g., attention and working memory) might facilitate reading abilities. Aims: The purposes of the current study were to determine the following: (1) Whether a variation of a text-level reading treatment, modified to address comprehension, would have a specific rehabilitative effect with a mildly aphasic and alexic patient. (2) Whether a working memory treatment would generalise to improve the cognitive processes (working memory and attention) necessary for decoding and comprehending high-level text. (3) Which treatment, the specific reading programme or generalised cognitive protocol, would yield a greater positive effect on reading speed and comprehension accuracy. Methods & Procedures: A cognitive neuropsychological analysis of deficit patterns in a subject with acquired alexia was utilised to identify two possible sources of reading difficulty: (1) diminished lexical-semantic abilities for decoding and analysing complex orthographic stimuli, and (2) deficits in attention and working memory. Based on this pretreatment analysis, two treatment protocols were implemented and compared via a single subject, alternating treatment design. The first was a variation of Multiple Oral Reading (MOR; Beeson, 1998), a text-level reading treatment, and the second was an experimental cognitive treatment, Sequenced Exercises for Working Memory (SEW), created to address cognitive components relevant to reading disorders. Outcomes & Results: Both approaches yielded within-treatment positive effects. Probes indicated improved reading rates with little to no improvement in comprehension. Neither treatment effected greater or more rapid change than the other. Post-treatment testing revealed modest improvements in reading comprehension, processing efficiency, and working memory abilities. Conclusions: Results are discussed in terms of cognitive neuropsychological theories of reading, possible treatment alternatives, and the need for a multi-factorial model of reading, to extend the single-word models postulated by current theories. Without an adequate model, current reading assessments inadequately depict the nature of high-level reading impairments. This allows clinicians limited resources from which to document and treat such deficits. C1 Indiana Univ, Dept Speech & Hearing Sci, Bloomington, IN 47405 USA. RP Mayer, JF (reprint author), Indiana Univ, Dept Speech & Hearing Sci, Bloomington, IN 47405 USA. CR Beeson P. M., 1998, CLIN DECISION MAKING, P153 Beeson PM, 1998, J INT NEUROPSYCH SOC, V4, P621 BRADLEY VA, 1984, BRAIN LANG, V22, P292, DOI 10.1016/0093-934X(84)90095-6 Brookshire R., 1993, DISCOURSE COMPREHENS Caspari I, 1998, BRAIN COGNITION, V37, P205, DOI 10.1006/brcg.1997.0970 Conway TW, 1998, J INT NEUROPSYCH SOC, V4, P608 Crosson B, 1999, BRAIN COGNITION, V40, P414, DOI 10.1006/brcg.1999.1088 DANEMAN M, 1980, J VERB LEARN VERB BE, V19, P450, DOI 10.1016/S0022-5371(80)90312-6 Daneman M., 1987, COGNITIVE APPROACHES, P57 DOWHOWER SL, 1987, READ RES QUART, V22, P389, DOI 10.2307/747699 *ED TEST SERV, 1998, GRE BIG BOOK PRACT T HANLON R, 1994, NEUROPSYCHOLOGY, P317 Harris JL, 1998, J SPEECH LANG HEAR R, V41, P603 HOLLAND AL, 1994, CLIN APHASIOL, V22, P275 KAPLAN HI, 1998, SYNOPSIS PSYCHIAT, P90 Kay J., 1992, PSYCHOLINGUISTIC ASS Kertesz A., 1982, W APHASIA BATTERY LESSER R, 1999, COGNITIVE NEUROPSYCH, P1 LEVY BA, 1995, READING LANGUAGE PRO, P273 MCCARTHY RA, 1990, COGNITIVE NEUROPSYCH, P214 Murray LL, 1999, APHASIOLOGY, V13, P91, DOI 10.1080/026870399402226 Murray LL, 1998, J SPEECH LANG HEAR R, V41, P213 Murray LL, 1997, J SPEECH LANG HEAR R, V40, P792 NICKELS L, 1992, COGNITIVE NEUROPSYCH, V9, P155, DOI 10.1080/02643299208252057 Perfetti C., 1999, NEUROCOGNITION LANGU, P167 Robertson IH, 1994, TEST EVERYDAY ATTENT SHALLICE T, 1977, NEUROPSYCHOLOGIA, V15, P31, DOI 10.1016/0028-3932(77)90112-9 Sohlberg M, 1986, ATTENTION PROCESS TR Steinman SB, 1998, OPTOMETRY VISION SCI, V75, P674, DOI 10.1097/00006324-199809000-00023 Swanson HL, 1997, J EDUC PSYCHOL, V89, P128, DOI 10.1037/0022-0663.89.1.128 TOMPKINS CA, 1994, J SPEECH HEAR RES, V37, P896 TSENG C, 1993, BRAIN LANG, V89, P276 VACCA RT, 1989, CONTENT AREA READING, P35 VALLAR G, 1992, CORTEX, V28, P383 WEBB W, 1994, LANGUAGE INTERVENTIO, P446 Wechsler D., 1987, WECHSLER MEMORY SCAL WHYTE J, 1994, COGNITIVE NEUROPSYCH, V11, P99, DOI 10.1080/02643299408251969 Wiederholt J.L., 1986, GRAY ORAL READING TE NR 38 TC 19 Z9 20 PU PSYCHOLOGY PRESS PI HOVE PA 27 CHURCH RD, HOVE BN3 2FA, EAST SUSSEX, ENGLAND SN 0268-7038 J9 APHASIOLOGY JI Aphasiology PD JUL PY 2002 VL 16 IS 7 BP 727 EP 743 DI 10.1080/02687030143000870 PG 17 WC Clinical Neurology SC Neurosciences & Neurology GA 564LM UT WOS:000176315900004 ER PT J AU Hopper, T Holland, A Rewega, M AF Hopper, T Holland, A Rewega, M TI Conversational coaching: Treatment outcomes and future directions SO APHASIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID APHASIA; PARTNERS; ADULTS AB Background: Conversational coaching involves teaching communication strategies to individuals with aphasia and their spouses. Strategies are chosen by the couple and are taught and practised in the context of a conversation. Although strategy training has been explored in previous research studies, many questions regarding treatment implementation and outcomes remain unanswered. Aims: The aims of this study were to investigate the effects of conversational coaching and to determine variables for consideration in future efficacy research of this treatment technique. Methods & Procedures: Two couples participated in a single-subject experimental design across subjects. Mr and Mrs Y were 76 and 70 years old, and Mr and Mrs G were 41 and 39 years old, respectively. During baseline sessions, the individual with aphasia watched a videotaped story about a real-life event and then attempted to share the content of that story with his spouse. During treatment sessions, the same procedure was used, but the clinician intervened and coached both participants in the use of selected verbal and non-verbal strategies to improve the quality of the conversation. The primary dependent measure in the study was the number of main concepts successfully communicated during conversations. Outcome measures included pre/post treatment probes, standardised testing using the Communications Activities of Daily Living - Second Edition (CADL-2; Holland, Frattali, & Fromm, 1999) and social validation ratings. Outcome and Results: Experimental data were variable for both dyads. However, positive outcomes were obtained. First, the percentage of main concepts successfully communicated was significantly greater during post-treatment probes than during pre-treatment probes for both dyads. Second, Mr Y demonstrated significant improvement in his total CADL-2 scores following treatment. Third, individuals who judged the quality of pre- and post-treatment conversations understood more of the conversation between both couples during post-treatment probe conversations than during pre- treatment ones. Conclusions: Positive outcomes, including participants' perceptions of treatment effects, support further experimental study of this technique. Strategy selection, stimuli for conversational topics, and procedural specificity of the intervention were variables identified as necessitating further research in a controlled experiment design. C1 Univ Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA. RP Hopper, T (reprint author), Fac Rehabil Med, Dept Speech Pathol & Audiol, 3-81 Corbett Hall, Edmonton, AB, Canada. CR American Speech-Language-Hearing Association, 1997, GUID AUD SCREEN Boles L., 1997, ASIA PACIFIC J SPEEC, V2, P43 GOODWIN C, 1995, RES LANG SOC INTERAC, V28, P233, DOI 10.1207/s15327973rlsi2803_4 Holland A. L., 1991, J NEUROLINGUIST, V6, P197, DOI 10.1016/0911-6044(91)90007-6 Holland A. L., 1999, COMMUNICATION ACTIVI HOPPER T, 1999, ANN CLIN APH C KEY W Kagan A., 1998, APHASIOLOGY, V12, P811 KAGAN A, 1993, APHASIA TREATMENT WO Kagan A, 2001, J SPEECH LANG HEAR R, V44, P624, DOI 10.1044/1092-4388(2001/051) Kertesz A., 1982, W APHASIA BATTERY LYON J, 1997, AGING COMMUNICATION Lyon JG, 1997, APHASIOLOGY, V11, P693, DOI 10.1080/02687039708249416 Nicholas Linda E., 1995, Journal of Speech and Hearing Research, V38, P145 Oelschlaeger ML, 1999, J SPEECH LANG HEAR R, V42, P636 ROGERS M, 2001, ANN CLIN APH C SANT NR 15 TC 57 Z9 59 PU PSYCHOLOGY PRESS PI HOVE PA 27 CHURCH RD, HOVE BN3 2FA, EAST SUSSEX, ENGLAND SN 0268-7038 J9 APHASIOLOGY JI Aphasiology PD JUL PY 2002 VL 16 IS 7 BP 745 EP 761 DI 10.1080/02687030244000059 PG 17 WC Clinical Neurology SC Neurosciences & Neurology GA 564LM UT WOS:000176315900005 ER PT J AU Marshall, RC Karow, CM Freed, DB Babcock, P AF Marshall, RC Karow, CM Freed, DB Babcock, P TI Effects of personalised cue form on the learning of subordinate category names by aphasic and non-brain-damaged subjects SO APHASIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID FACILITATION; MEMORY; RECALL; DEPTH AB Background. Personalised cueing is a training method designed to facilitate naming of unknown, realistic visual stimuli (dog breed names). Creation of a personalised cue is similar to the use of mnemonic devices by normal individuals to remember important bits of information. Theoretical support for the method comes from Craik and Lockhart's depth-of-processing model of memory (1972). Several studies have shown that training with personalised cueing methods results in significantly higher levels of long-term naming accuracy than when subjects are trained with phonological cueing techniques. However, it has also been observed that all individuals are not equally proficient in creating personalised cues and that the nature of the information in personalised cues varies markedly from individual to individual. Aims. The objective of this study was to determine if the type of information contained in a personalised cue (cue form) affects the degree to which these cues facilitate learning of subordinate category names (dogs). Methods & Procedures. 600 personalised cues developed by 15 non-brain-damaged (NBD) and 15 aphasic individuals to learn the names of unknown dog breeds (e. g., Maltese) were examined. The cues were classified as one of five cue forms by three judges on two separate occasions approximately 1 month apart. Examination of intra-judge agreements for the cue forms yielded a total of 251 cues for analysis of cue form effects (127 aphasic; 124 non-brain-damaged). Outcomes and Results. To examine the effects of cue form on facilitation of naming, weighted recall scores were calculated for each cue based on accurate naming on probes one week, one month, and 6 months after training. Kruskal-Wallis analysis of variance by ranks (KWANOVA) was used to determine the effects of cue form on learning of the subordinate category names. Significant cue forms effects were found for aphasic but not non-brain-damaged participant cues. Mann-Whitney post-hoc comparisons of aphasic cues revealed that cues containing semantic information had significantly higher mean rankings than those containing phonological information and those containing a combination of phonological and semantic information. Conclusions. Two implications arise from the study with respect to the use of personalised cueing as a clinical procedure. One is that it may be necessary to exert some limited control over the creative process of developing a personalised cue to ensure the inclusion of semantic information in the cue itself. A second is that individuals who have problems accessing semantic information may require some training before attempting to create personalised cues. In such instances, it would be important to obtain information about the source of the individual's anomic deficits through careful testing before embarking on a training programme featuring personalised cueing. C1 Univ Kentucky, Dept Rehabil Sci, Lexington, KY 40536 USA. Univ Kentucky, Div Commun Disorders, Lexington, KY 40536 USA. Univ Rhode Isl, Kingston, RI 02881 USA. RP Marshall, RC (reprint author), Univ Kentucky, Dept Rehabil Sci, Room 110B CAHP Bldg,121 Washington Ave, Lexington, KY 40536 USA. CR Boyle M., 1995, AM J SPEECH-LANG PAT, V4, P94 Coelho CA, 2000, APHASIOLOGY, V14, P133 CRAIK FIM, 1975, J EXP PSYCHOL GEN, V104, P268, DOI 10.1037//0096-3445.104.3.268 CRAIK FIM, 1972, J VERB LEARN VERB BE, V11, P671, DOI 10.1016/S0022-5371(72)80001-X Drew RL, 1999, J SPEECH LANG HEAR R, V42, P972 FISHER RP, 1977, J EXP PSYCHOL-HUM L, V3, P701, DOI 10.1037//0278-7393.3.6.701 FREED D, 1995, AM J SPEECH-LANG PAT, V4, P164 FREED DB, 1995, J SPEECH HEAR RES, V38, P1081 Freed DB, 1998, PERCEPT MOTOR SKILL, V87, P795 MARSHALL R, 1994, CLIN APHASIOLOGY, V22, P235 MARSHALL R, 1991, CLIN APHASIOLOGY, V20, P77 MARSHALL RC, 1992, APHASIOLOGY, V6, P567, DOI 10.1080/02687039208249492 Marshall RC, 2001, APHASIOLOGY, V15, P585, DOI 10.1080/02687040143000050 Marshall RC, 2000, BRAIN LANG, V74, P438 MOSCOVITCH M, 1976, J VERB LEARN VERB BE, V15, P447, DOI 10.1016/S0022-5371(76)90040-2 Porch B. E., 1981, PORCH INDEX COMMUNIC NR 16 TC 5 Z9 5 PU PSYCHOLOGY PRESS PI HOVE PA 27 CHURCH RD, HOVE BN3 2FA, EAST SUSSEX, ENGLAND SN 0268-7038 J9 APHASIOLOGY JI Aphasiology PD JUL PY 2002 VL 16 IS 7 BP 763 EP 771 DI 10.1080/02687030244000040 PG 9 WC Clinical Neurology SC Neurosciences & Neurology GA 564LM UT WOS:000176315900006 ER PT J AU Ruigendijk, E Bastiaanse, R AF Ruigendijk, E Bastiaanse, R TI Two characteristics of agrammatic speech: Omission of verbs and omission of determiners, is there a relation? SO APHASIOLOGY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 31st Annual Clinical Aphasiology Conference CY MAY 29-JUN 02, 2001 CL SANTA FE, NEW MEXICO ID APHASICS AB Background: Telegraphic speech of individuals with Broca's aphasia has been described as lacking verbs and determiners (and other function words). In theoretical linguistics, it has been suggested that a determiner cannot be realised in sentences without a (finite) verb. This led to the hypothesis that determiner omission in agrammatic speech is related to verb omission: once a verb is used, determiners will be produced. Aims: The aim of the present study is to show that determiner omission in agrammatic speech production is related to verb production problems. Methods & Procedures: The free speech production of 10 German agrammatic speakers was analysed. Additionally, they were presented with two experimental tasks: one in which a determiner and noun should be inserted in a sentence, and one in which a sentence should be produced, with the lexical verb provided. It was analysed whether the poor determiner production in free speech improved when the verb was given (as in the experiments). Outcomes & Results: All participants omitted verbs and determiners in free speech. On the experimental tasks, however, when they were presented with a verb, determiner production increased significantly. Conclusion: The results show that the production of determiners strongly depends on the production of verbs. Therefore, the lack of verbs and the lack of determiners in agrammatic speech production cannot be seen separately: the impaired use of determiners is not caused by poor production of function words in general, but by problems with the production of verbs. C1 Univ Utrecht, Uil OTS, NL-3512 JK Utrecht, Netherlands. Univ Groningen, NL-9700 AB Groningen, Netherlands. Rehabil Ctr Het Roesingh, Enschede, Netherlands. RP Ruigendijk, E (reprint author), Univ Utrecht, Uil OTS, Trans 10, NL-3512 JK Utrecht, Netherlands. CR BASTIAANSE R, 1995, BRAIN LANG, V48, P1, DOI 10.1006/brln.1995.1001 Bastiaanse R, 1998, APHASIOLOGY, V12, P951, DOI 10.1080/02687039808249463 Bastiaanse R, 1998, BRAIN LANG, V64, P165, DOI 10.1006/brln.1998.1972 Chomsky N., 1995, MINIMALIST PROGRAM DeBleser R, 1996, J NEUROLINGUIST, V9, P175, DOI 10.1016/0911-6044(96)00007-3 EDWARDS S, 1994, LANGUAGE TESTING, V11, P99 Friedmann N., 2000, GRAMMATICAL DISORDER, P152 Grimshaw Jane, 1990, STUDIES GERMAN GRAMM Huber W., 1983, AACHENER APHASIE TES Kim M, 2000, BRAIN LANG, V74, P1, DOI 10.1006/brin.2000.2315 LEVELT W, 1989, SPEAKING INTENTION A Ruigendijk E, 1999, J SPEECH LANG HEAR R, V42, P962 SAFFRAN EM, 1989, BRAIN LANG, V37, P440, DOI 10.1016/0093-934X(89)90030-8 TESAK J, 1991, LINGUISTICS, V29, P1111, DOI 10.1515/ling.1991.29.6.1111 VANZONNEVELD R, 1994, KLEINE SYNTAXIS NEDE VERMEULEN J, 1989, BRAIN LANG, V36, P252, DOI 10.1016/0093-934X(89)90064-3 NR 16 TC 9 Z9 9 PU PSYCHOLOGY PRESS PI HOVE PA 27 CHURCH RD, HOVE BN3 2FA, EAST SUSSEX, ENGLAND SN 0268-7038 J9 APHASIOLOGY JI Aphasiology PD APR-JUN PY 2002 VL 16 IS 4-6 BP 383 EP 395 DI 10.1080/02687030244000310 PG 13 WC Clinical Neurology SC Neurosciences & Neurology GA 548UX UT WOS:000175409200002 ER PT J AU Baumgaertner, A Tompkins, CA AF Baumgaertner, A Tompkins, CA TI Testing contrasting accounts of word meaning activation in Broca's aphasia: Experiences from a cross-modal semantic priming study SO APHASIOLOGY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 31st Annual Clinical Aphasiology Conference CY MAY 29-JUN 02, 2001 CL SANTA FE, NEW MEXICO ID SENTENCE COMPREHENSION; LEXICAL AMBIGUITIES; AMBIGUOUS WORDS; ALZHEIMERS-DISEASE; AUTOMATIC ACCESS; WERNICKE APHASIA; INDIVIDUALS; DECISION; CONTEXT; TIME AB Background: Disordered sentence comprehension in Broca's aphasia may be due in part to deficient lexical-semantic processes. Three conflicting accounts, "reduced activation" (Milberg, Blumstein, Katz, Gershberg, & Brown, 1995), "slowed activation" (Swinney, Zurif, & Nicol, 1989), and "normal activation" (Hagoort, 1993; Swaab, Brown, & Hagoort, 1998), are reviewed, and controversial issues related to testing each account are identified. Aims: Based on these considerations, we designed a cross-modal lexical decision (CMLD) experiment to test the three accounts. Methods & Procedures: We auditorily presented polarised ambiguities which were embedded in sentence contexts to ten healthy older participants and seven individuals with aphasia. The contextual constraint was established by biasing towards characteristic semantic features of the alternate meanings of the ambiguous words. Lexical decision probe words were visually presented for 2750 ins, beginning at the acoustic offset of the ambiguous words. Outcomes & Results: A repeated measures analysis of covariance (adjusting for lexical decision reaction times to the ambiguous words in isolation) evidenced no priming effects for the control group. Hence, no conclusions could be drawn about the performance of participants with aphasia. The surprising finding for the control group is discussed in light of potential caveats associated with the dual-task nature of the CMLD paradigm. Conclusions: Based on our findings we propose a number of parameters that should be specified in order to validly examine persons with aphasia with on-line tasks such as cross-modal lexical decision. C1 Univ Hamburg, Hosp Eppendorf, Neurol Klin, D-20246 Hamburg, Germany. Univ Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15260 USA. RP Baumgaertner, A (reprint author), Univ Hamburg, Hosp Eppendorf, Neurol Klin, Haus B,Martinistr 52, D-20246 Hamburg, Germany. CR Azuma T, 1997, J MEM LANG, V36, P484, DOI 10.1006/jmla.1997.2502 Balota DA, 1999, J INT NEUROPSYCH SOC, V5, P626 Bayles K. A., 1993, ARIZONA BATTERY COMM BLUMSTEIN SE, 1982, BRAIN LANG, V17, P301, DOI 10.1016/0093-934X(82)90023-2 Carroll J. B., 1971, AM HERITAGE WORD FRE Copland DA, 2000, CORTEX, V36, P601, DOI 10.1016/S0010-9452(08)70541-0 Del Toro JF, 2000, APHASIOLOGY, V14, P925 Dunn L. M., 1981, PEABODY PICTURE VOCA FERREIRA F, 1994, HDB PSYCHOLINGUISTIC, P33 FOLSTEIN MF, 1975, J PSYCHIAT RES, V12, P189, DOI 10.1016/0022-3956(75)90026-6 Goodglass H, 1983, ASSESSMENT APHASIA R, V2nd GROSJEAN F, 1980, PERCEPT PSYCHOPHYS, V28, P267, DOI 10.3758/BF03204386 Hagoort P, 1996, BRAIN, V119, P627, DOI 10.1093/brain/119.2.627 Hagoort P, 1997, BRAIN LANG, V56, P287, DOI 10.1006/brln.1997.1849 HAGOORT P, 1993, BRAIN LANG, V45, P189, DOI 10.1006/brln.1993.1043 Hillert D, 1999, BRAIN LANG, V69, P95, DOI 10.1006/brln.1999.2053 Kellas G., 1991, UNDERSTANDING WORD S, P47 Kiran S, 1998, BRAIN LANG, V65, P127 MARSLENWILSON W, 1984, ATTENTION PERFORM, V10, P125 MCKOON G, 1994, J EXP PSYCHOL LEARN, V20, P1219, DOI 10.1037//0278-7393.20.5.1219 MILBERG W, 1987, BRAIN LANG, V31, P138, DOI 10.1016/0093-934X(87)90065-4 MILBERG W, 1995, J COGNITIVE NEUROSCI, V7, P33, DOI 10.1162/jocn.1995.7.1.33 MILBERG W, 1981, BRAIN LANG, V14, P371, DOI 10.1016/0093-934X(81)90086-9 ONIFER W, 1981, MEM COGNITION, V9, P225, DOI 10.3758/BF03196957 OSTRIN RK, 1993, BRAIN LANG, V45, P147, DOI 10.1006/brln.1993.1040 Park GH, 2000, APHASIOLOGY, V14, P527 PRATHER P, 1991, J PSYCHOLINGUIST RES, V20, P271, DOI 10.1007/BF01067219 PRATHER PA, 1994, BRAIN LANG, V47, P326 Prather PA, 1997, BRAIN LANG, V59, P391, DOI 10.1006/brln.1997.1751 SERENO SC, 1995, J EXP PSYCHOL LEARN, V21, P582, DOI 10.1037//0278-7393.21.3.582 SHAPIRO LP, 1990, BRAIN LANG, V38, P21, DOI 10.1016/0093-934X(90)90100-U Shapiro L, 1998, AM J SPEECH-LANG PAT, V7, P49 SHAPIRO LP, 1993, BRAIN LANG, V45, P423, DOI 10.1006/brln.1993.1053 SIMPSON GB, 1991, J MEM LANG, V30, P627, DOI 10.1016/0749-596X(91)90029-J SIMPSON GB, 1985, J EXP PSYCHOL HUMAN, V11, P28, DOI 10.1037/0096-1523.11.1.28 SOLSO RL, 1980, BEHAV RES METH INSTR, V12, P297, DOI 10.3758/BF03201669 Swaab T, 1997, J COGNITIVE NEUROSCI, V9, P39, DOI 10.1162/jocn.1997.9.1.39 Swaab TY, 1998, NEUROPSYCHOLOGIA, V36, P737, DOI 10.1016/S0028-3932(97)00174-7 Swinney D, 1996, J COGNITIVE NEUROSCI, V8, P174, DOI 10.1162/jocn.1996.8.2.174 Swinney D, 1989, J Cogn Neurosci, V1, P25, DOI 10.1162/jocn.1989.1.1.25 SWINNEY DA, 1979, J VERB LEARN VERB BE, V18, P645, DOI 10.1016/S0022-5371(79)90355-4 TABOSSI P, 1993, J MEM LANG, V32, P359, DOI 10.1006/jmla.1993.1019 TABOSSI P, 1988, J MEM LANG, V27, P324, DOI 10.1016/0749-596X(88)90058-7 Tompkins CA, 1998, AM J SPEECH-LANG PAT, V7, P68 Ware JE, 1994, SF 36 PHYSICAL MENTA ZURIF E, 1993, BRAIN LANG, V45, P448, DOI 10.1006/brln.1993.1054 NR 46 TC 1 Z9 1 PU PSYCHOLOGY PRESS PI HOVE PA 27 CHURCH RD, HOVE BN3 2FA, EAST SUSSEX, ENGLAND SN 0268-7038 J9 APHASIOLOGY JI Aphasiology PD APR-JUN PY 2002 VL 16 IS 4-6 BP 397 EP 411 DI 10.1080/0268703024000329 PG 15 WC Clinical Neurology SC Neurosciences & Neurology GA 548UX UT WOS:000175409200003 ER PT J AU Doesborgh, SJC van de Sandt-Koenderman, WME Dippel, DWJ van Harskamp, F Koudstaal, PJ Visch-Brink, EG AF Doesborgh, SJC van de Sandt-Koenderman, WME Dippel, DWJ van Harskamp, F Koudstaal, PJ Visch-Brink, EG TI The impact of linguistic deficits on verbal communication SO APHASIOLOGY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 31st Annual Clinical Aphasiology Conference CY MAY 29-JUN 02, 2001 CL SANTA FE, NM ID LEXICAL-SEMANTIC DEFICITS; CONDUCTION APHASIA; COMPREHENSION; THERAPY; ERRORS AB Background: The verbal communication of persons with aphasia may be disturbed by semantic, phonological, and/or syntactic processing deficits. For those with prominent linguistic-level disorders at least part of aphasia therapy is spent on the main linguistic skills, aimed at improvement of verbal communicative abilities. However, the relationship between these linguistic levels and verbal communication is not straightforward. This is especially true for deficits at the word level: semantic and phonological disorders. Aims: Exploration of the relative impact of semantic and phonological deficits on verbal communicative ability was the aim of the study. The hypothesis was that a lexical semantic deficit has a larger impact on the verbal communicative ability of persons with aphasia than a phonological deficit. Methods & Procedures: A total of 29 persons with aphasia who had both a semantic and phonological deficit were assessed by means of semantic and phonological tasks, and a test of verbal communication (ANELT-A). Semantic measures: Semantic Association Test, Synonym Judgement (receptive tasks), Wordfluency Categories, AAT spontaneous speech: semantics (expressive tasks). Phonological measures: Repetition of words, Repetition of non-words, Wordfluency Letters, AAT spontaneous speech: phonology. Linear regression analyses were performed with the ANELT-A as dependent variable and the semantic and phonological measures as independent variables. Multivariate regression analyses were performed to directly compare the independent contribution of the semantic version of a measure with the phonological version of the same measure. Outcomes & Results: Univariate regression analysis showed that the expressive semantic measures, Wordfluency Categories and AAT semantics, contributed significantly to the prediction of ANELT-A. One phonological measure, Wordfluency Letters, was selected as a significant predictor. However, in the multivariate regression analysis, only the semantic measures appeared to contribute independently to the prediction of the ANELT-A. The contribution of Wordfluency Letters, found in the univariate regression analysis, can be explained by a correlation with its semantic counterpart. Conclusions: These results support the hypothesis that semantic measures contribute more to the prediction of the ANELT-A (Understandability in verbal communication) than phonological measures. The ability to generate semantically correct content words, both in connected speech and in isolation, appears to be decisive for the aphasics' verbal communicative skills. Taking into account the severity of the semantic disorder in relation to other deficits, perhaps the best way to improve verbal communication in persons with both a semantic and a phonological deficit is to address the deficit with the greatest impact: the lexical semantic deficit. C1 Erasmus Univ, Dept Neuropsychol, Med Ctr, NL-3000 DR Rotterdam, Netherlands. Aphasia Fdn Rotterdam, Rehabil Ctr, Rijndam, Netherlands. RP Visch-Brink, EG (reprint author), Erasmus Univ, Dept Neuropsychol, Med Ctr, Room EE 2291,POB 1738, NL-3000 DR Rotterdam, Netherlands. EM visch@neuro.fgg.eur.nl CR BLOMERT L, 1994, APHASIOLOGY, V8, P381, DOI 10.1080/02687039408248666 Blomert L, 1995, TOP STROKE REHABIL, V2, P64 Boyle M., 1995, AM J SPEECH-LANG PAT, V4, P135 BUCKINGHAM HW, 1981, JARGONAPHASIA, P39 BUTTERWORTH B, 1985, CURRENT PERSPECTIVES BUTTERWORTH B, 1979, BRAIN LANG, V8, P133, DOI 10.1016/0093-934X(79)90046-4 CAPLAN D, 1995, BRAIN LANG, V48, P191, DOI 10.1006/brln.1995.1009 CARAMAZZA A, 1990, SPR S NEUR, P1 CARAMAZZA A, 1990, CORTEX, V26, P95 DUBOIS J, 1964, NEUROPSYCHOLOGIA, V2, P9, DOI 10.1016/0028-3932(64)90029-6 GRAETZ P, 1992, AKENSE AFASIE TEST N HART J, 1990, ANN NEUROL, V27, P226, DOI 10.1002/ana.410270303 Hillis A. E., 1994, COGNITIVE NEUROPSYCH Huber W, 1983, AACHENER APHASIETEST Kay J., 1992, PSYCHOLINGUISTIC ASS Kohn S. E., 1992, CONDUCTION APHASIA KOHN SE, 1989, APHASIOLOGY, V3, P209, DOI 10.1080/02687038908248992 Kremin H, 1988, HDB NEUROPSYCHOLOGY, V1 KREMIN H, 1994, APHASIOLOGY, V8, P291, DOI 10.1080/02687039408248658 Kremin H, 1986, J NEUROLINGUIST, V2, P131, DOI DOI 10.1016/S0911-6044(86)80008-2 MANOCHIOPINIG S, 1992, APHASIOLOGY, V6, P519, DOI 10.1080/02687039208249489 McNeil MR, 1997, APHASIOLOGY, V11, P385, DOI 10.1080/02687039708248479 MICELI G, 1980, BRAIN LANG, V11, P159, DOI 10.1016/0093-934X(80)90117-0 Miceli G, 1996, BRAIN LANG, V52, P150, DOI 10.1006/brln.1996.0008 Nickels L, 1996, APHASIOLOGY, V10, P21, DOI 10.1080/02687039608248397 NICKELS L, 1997, SPOKEN WORD PRODUCTI, P109 NICKELS L, 1995, CORTEX, V31, P209 NICKELS LA, 1994, COGNITIVE NEUROPSYCH, V11, P259 Patterson K., 1987, COGNITIVE NEUROPSYCH, P273 PERECMAN E, 1981, JARGONAPHASIA Raymer AM, 2000, APHASIA LANGUAGE THE, P108 Raymer AM, 1997, NEUROPSYCHOLOGIA, V35, P211 Raymer A M, 1996, J Int Neuropsychol Soc, V2, P340 Raymer AM, 1997, BRAIN LANG, V58, P137, DOI 10.1006/brln.1997.1786 ROMANI C, 1992, LANG COGNITIVE PROC, V7, P131, DOI 10.1080/01690969208409382 SCHWARTZ MF, 1994, APHASIOLOGY, V8, P19, DOI 10.1080/02687039408248639 Thompson CK, 1997, J SPEECH LANG HEAR R, V40, P228 Visch-Brink E. G., 1993, DEV ASSESSMENT REHAB, P211 VischBrink EG, 1997, APHASIOLOGY, V11, P1057, DOI 10.1080/02687039708249427 VischBrink EG, 1996, BRAIN LANG, V55, P130 WILLSHIRE CE, 1996, COGNITIVE NEUROPSYCH, V13, P1059 NR 41 TC 6 Z9 6 PU PSYCHOLOGY PRESS PI HOVE PA 27 CHURCH RD, HOVE BN3 2FA, EAST SUSSEX, ENGLAND SN 0268-7038 J9 APHASIOLOGY JI Aphasiology PD APR-JUN PY 2002 VL 16 IS 4-6 BP 413 EP 423 DI 10.1080/02687030244000077 PG 11 WC Clinical Neurology SC Neurosciences & Neurology GA 548UX UT WOS:000175409200004 ER PT J AU Hillis, AE Kane, A Tuffiash, E Beauchamp, NJ Barker, PB Jacobs, MA Wityk, RJ AF Hillis, AE Kane, A Tuffiash, E Beauchamp, NJ Barker, PB Jacobs, MA Wityk, RJ TI Neural substrates of the cognitive processes underlying spelling: Evidence from MR diffusion and perfusion imaging SO APHASIOLOGY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 31st Annual Clinical Aphasiology Conference CY MAY 29-JUN 02, 2001 CL SANTA FE, NEW MEXICO ID ACCESSING LEXICAL REPRESENTATIONS; WERNICKES AREA; SEMANTIC DEFICIT; FRONTAL-CORTEX; ACUTE STROKE; HYPOPERFUSION; COMPREHENSION; IMPAIRMENTS; APHASIA; REGIONS AB Background: Despite a rich literature on the cognitive processes underlying spelling, there is little known about the neural substrates of these processes. Aims: The study aimed to identify regions of brain dysfunction associated with impairment of each cognitive process underlying spelling. It was hypothesised that impairments of distinct components of the spelling task would be associated with different areas of low blood flow or infarction in acute stroke patients. Methods & Procedures: Associations between impairment of each component of the spelling process and hypoperfusion and/or infarct of any of 11 Brodmann's areas (BAs) were identified in a consecutive series of 80 patients studied within 24 hours of onset of left hemisphere stroke. Impairment of each component of spelling was identified with tests of written naming, word comprehension, spelling words and pseudowords to dictation, direct and delayed copying, and case transcoding. Infarct and/or hypoperfusion in each BA was identified with MR diffusion-weighted imaging and perfusion-weighted imaging. Significant associations were identified with a correlation matrix, and the strongest associations were confirmed with chi square analysis. Outcomes & Results: Impairments of various cognitive processes were associated with separate regions of tissue dysfunction. Conclusions: It was concluded that spelling involves a network of relatively independent processes that rely on different brain regions. C1 Johns Hopkins Univ, Baltimore, MD USA. RP Hillis, AE (reprint author), Johns Hopkins Univ Hosp, Dept Neurol, Meyer 5-185,600 N Wolfe St, Baltimore, MD 21287 USA. RI Jacobs, Michael/G-2901-2010 CR ANDERSON SW, 1990, BRAIN, V113, P749, DOI 10.1093/brain/113.3.749 Bak TH, 2001, BRAIN, V124, P103, DOI 10.1093/brain/124.1.103 BEESON P, 2001, CLIN APH C SANT FE N Beeson P. B., 2001, LANGUAGE INTERVENTIO, P572 Benson DF, 1979, APHASIA ALEXIA AGRAP CARAMAZZA A, 1987, COGNITION, V26, P59, DOI 10.1016/0010-0277(87)90014-X CHERTKOW H, 1994, LOCALIZATION NEUROIM, P152 Damasio H., 1989, LESION ANAL NEUROPSY DEMONET JF, 1992, BRAIN, V115, P1753, DOI 10.1093/brain/115.6.1753 Exner S., 1881, LOKALISATION FUNCKTI GRABOWSKI TJ, 2000, BRAIN MAPPING SYSTEM, P425, DOI 10.1016/B978-012692545-6/50016-7 Hillis AE, 2000, NEUROLOGY, V55, P782 HILLIS AE, 1991, BRAIN LANG, V40, P106, DOI 10.1016/0093-934X(91)90119-L Hillis AE, 2001, ANN NEUROL, V50, P561, DOI 10.1002/ana.1265 HILLIS AE, 1995, COGNITIVE NEUROPSYCH, V12, P187, DOI 10.1080/02643299508251996 Hillis AE, 2000, APHASIOLOGY, V14, P471 Hillis AE, 2001, APHASIOLOGY, V15, P919 Hillis AE, 2001, NEUROLOGY, V56, P670 Jenkins WM, 1987, PROG BRAIN RES , V71, P249 KATONODA K, 2001, HUMAN BRAIN MAPPING, V13, P34 LESSER RP, 1986, NEUROLOGY, V36, P658 Miceli G., 1984, CORTEX, V20, P217 Neumann-Haefelin T, 1999, STROKE, V30, P1591 Rapcsak SZ, 2002, HDB ADULT LANGUAGE D Rapp B., 2002, HDB ADULT LANGUAGE D RAPP BC, 2000, HDB COGNITIVE NEUROP Shallice T., 1988, NEUROPSYCHOLOGY MENT Shapiro KA, 2001, J COGNITIVE NEUROSCI, V13, P713, DOI 10.1162/08989290152541386 Tainturier MJ, 2000, HANDBOOK OF COGNITIVE NEUROPSYCHOLOGY: WHAT DEFICITS REVEAL ABOUT THE HUMAN MIND, P263 WISE R, 1991, BRAIN, V114, P1803, DOI 10.1093/brain/114.4.1803 Wise RJS, 2001, BRAIN, V124, P83, DOI 10.1093/brain/124.1.83 NR 31 TC 23 Z9 24 PU PSYCHOLOGY PRESS PI HOVE PA 27 CHURCH RD, HOVE BN3 2FA, EAST SUSSEX, ENGLAND SN 0268-7038 J9 APHASIOLOGY JI Aphasiology PD APR-JUN PY 2002 VL 16 IS 4-6 BP 425 EP 438 DI 10.1080/02687030244000248 PG 14 WC Clinical Neurology SC Neurosciences & Neurology GA 548UX UT WOS:000175409200005 ER PT J AU Rapp, B Kane, A AF Rapp, B Kane, A TI Remediation of deficits affecting different components of the spelling process SO APHASIOLOGY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 31st Annual Clinical Aphasiology Conference CY MAY 29-JUN 02, 2001 CL SANTA FE, NEW MEXICO ID ACQUIRED DYSGRAPHIA; SURFACE DYSGRAPHIA; REPRESENTATIONS; OUTPUT AB Background: There have been relatively few studies concerned with the treatment of spelling deficits. Among these, there have been a small number that have targeted specific components of the spelling process. Although most of these studies report success using treatments that involve repeated spelling and/or copy, the results have been mixed, especially as concerns the generalisation of treatment benefits to untreated items. Aims: This investigation was designed to examine the responsiveness to the same treatment protocol of deficits affecting different cognitive mechanisms of the spelling process. Methods & Procedures: We applied the same delayed-copy treatment protocol to two individuals with selective deficits of the orthographic output lexicon and the graphemic buffer. The two individuals were otherwise matched in terms of the severity of their deficits and their general cognitive profiles. Outcomes & Results: Both individuals exhibited long-lasting word-specific benefits from the treatment. However, they differed in that the graphemic buffer deficit exhibited generalisation to untreated words, whereas the orthographic output lexicon did not. Conclusions: The absence of presence of generalisation effects in response to the successful treatment of target items is determined by the specific cognitive component/s that constitute the source of the deficit. C1 Johns Hopkins Univ, Dept Cognit Sci, Baltimore, MD 21218 USA. RP Rapp, B (reprint author), Johns Hopkins Univ, Dept Cognit Sci, Baltimore, MD 21218 USA. CR ALIMINOSA D, 1993, APHASIOLOGY, V7, P55, DOI 10.1080/02687039308249499 Basso A, 1999, J INT NEUROPSYCH SOC, V5, P405 Beeson P. M., 1999, APHASIOLOGY, V13, P367 BEESON PM, 2002, HDB ADULT LANGUAGE D Beeson PM, 2000, APHASIOLOGY, V14, P551 BEESON PM, 1998, ANN CONV AM SPEECH L BEHRMANN M, 1987, COGN NEUROPSYCHOL, V4, P365, DOI 10.1080/02643298708252044 BEHRMANN M, 1992, COGNITIVE NEUROPSYCH, P327 CARAMAZZA A, 1988, ANNU REV NEUROSCI, V11, P395, DOI 10.1146/annurev.neuro.11.1.395 CARAMAZZA A, 1987, COGNITION, V26, P59, DOI 10.1016/0010-0277(87)90014-X Carlomagno S, 1994, COGNITIVE NEUROPSYCH, P485 DEPARTZ MP, 1992, COGNITIVE NEUROPSYCH, V9, P369, DOI 10.1080/02643299208252065 Ellis A. W., 1989, READING WRITING DYSL Folk JR, 2000, BRAIN LANG, V74, P532 Francis WN, 1982, FREQUENCY ANAL ENGLI Goodman RA, 1985, J HOPKINS DYSGRAPHIA Hatfield M., 1983, APHASIA THERAPY HATFIELD MF, 1976, RECOVERY APHASICS, P65 Hillis A E, 1992, Clin Commun Disord, V2, P19 Hillis A. E., 1987, CLIN APHASIOLOGY, P84 HILLIS AE, 1991, BRAIN LANG, V40, P106, DOI 10.1016/0093-934X(91)90119-L HILLIS AE, 1989, ARCH PHYS MED REHAB, V70, P632 HILLIS AE, 1991, APHASIOLOGY, V19, P255 Luzzatti C, 2000, NEUROPSYCHOL REHABIL, V10, P249, DOI 10.1080/096020100389156 MICELI G, 1985, BRAIN LANG, V25, P187, DOI 10.1016/0093-934X(85)90080-X Rapp B, 2002, COGN NEUROPSYCHOL, V19, P1, DOI 10.1080/0264329014300060 RAPP B, 2001, HDB NEUROPSYCHOLOGY, V2, P221 SERON X, 1980, J SPEECH HEAR DISORD, V45, P45 SNODGRASS JG, 1980, J EXP PSYCHOL-HUM L, V6, P174, DOI 10.1037/0278-7393.6.2.174 Wechsler D., 1987, WECHSLER MEMORY SCAL Weekes B, 1996, COGNITIVE NEUROPSYCH, V13, P277, DOI 10.1080/026432996382033 NR 31 TC 32 Z9 32 PU PSYCHOLOGY PRESS PI HOVE PA 27 CHURCH RD, HOVE BN3 2FA, EAST SUSSEX, ENGLAND SN 0268-7038 J9 APHASIOLOGY JI Aphasiology PD APR-JUN PY 2002 VL 16 IS 4-6 BP 439 EP 454 DI 10.1080/02687030244000301 PG 16 WC Clinical Neurology SC Neurosciences & Neurology GA 548UX UT WOS:000175409200006 ER PT J AU Yampolsky, S Waters, G AF Yampolsky, S Waters, G TI Treatment of single word oral reading in an individual with deep dyslexia SO APHASIOLOGY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 31st Annual Clinical Aphasiology Conference CY MAY 29-JUN 02, 2001 CL SANTA FE, NEW MEXICO AB Background: Deep dyslexia is an acquired reading disorder in which the lexical and non-lexical reading routes are impaired, resulting in poor nonword reading, semantic errors in oral reading, visual-perceptual errors in oral reading, poor reading of functors, and imageability effects. There is evidence that individuals combine information from the lexical (semantic system) and the non-lexical routes to read words aloud. This evidence shows that partial phonological and semantic information combined at the level of the phonological output lexicon reduces semantic errors in reading aloud and increases the ability to produce the correct words. Aims: The aim of the present study was to use a phonologically based oral reading treatment to treat impaired single word oral reading in an individual with deep dyslexia. We hypothesised that phonologically based treatment would improve oral reading of real words, decreasing the amount of semantic errors. Methods & Procedures: The Wilson Reading System was used in therapy. This phonics-based programme focuses on the use of grapheme-phoneme correspondences, blending, and phonological awareness. A multiple-baseline design was used to evaluate the treatment effects in a single individual with deep dyslexia. Outcomes & Results: Following treatment at the single word level, the individual showed a significant improvement in single word oral reading for the targeted syllabic structure and in nonword reading. There was also a significant reduction in semantic errors in oral reading. One month post-treatment, the individual maintained treatment gains. Conclusions: Results support the hypothesis that the partial use of phonological information, combined with semantic information, results in improved accuracy of oral reading. This suggests that treatment of oral reading in people with deep dyslexia may benefit from attention to the non-lexical (phonological) component of reading in addition to the lexical/semantic component. C1 Boston Univ, Sargent Coll Hlth & Rehabil Sci, Dept Commun Disorders, Boston, MA 02215 USA. RP Yampolsky, S (reprint author), Boston Univ, Sargent Coll Hlth & Rehabil Sci, Dept Commun Disorders, Room 351,635 Commonwealth Ave, Boston, MA 02215 USA. CR CAPLAN D, 1992, LANGUAGE STRUCTURE P, P403 COLTHEART M, 1987, DEEP DYSLEXIA, P22 Conway TW, 1998, J INT NEUROPSYCH SOC, V4, P608 DEPARTZ MP, 1986, COGNITIVE NEUROPSYCH, V3, P149, DOI 10.1080/02643298608252674 DOLCH EW, 1950, TEACHING PRIMARY REA ELLIS AW, 1988, HUMAN COGNITIVE NEUR, P191 HILLIS AE, 1995, COGNITIVE NEUROPSYCH, V12, P187, DOI 10.1080/02643299508251996 Kay J., 1992, PSYCHOLINGUISTIC ASS Kendall DL, 1998, APHASIOLOGY, V12, P587, DOI 10.1080/02687039808249560 MATTHEWS C, 1991, J COMMUN DISORD, V24, P21, DOI 10.1016/0021-9924(91)90031-D Mitchum C. C., 1991, J NEUROLINGUIST, V6, P103, DOI 10.1016/0911-6044(91)90003-2 NICKELS L, 1992, COGNITIVE NEUROPSYCH, V9, P155, DOI 10.1080/02643299208252057 ORTON J, 1964, GUIDE TEACHING PHONI ROBERTSON R, 1997, PHONOLOGICAL AWARENE WATERS G, 2002, UNPUB NORMS MANUAL P Wechsler D., 1987, WECHSLER MEMORY SCAL Wechsler D, 1981, WECHSLER ADULT INTEL WILSON BA, 1976, WILSON READING SYSTE NR 18 TC 15 Z9 15 PU PSYCHOLOGY PRESS PI HOVE PA 27 CHURCH RD, HOVE BN3 2FA, EAST SUSSEX, ENGLAND SN 0268-7038 J9 APHASIOLOGY JI Aphasiology PD APR-JUN PY 2002 VL 16 IS 4-6 BP 455 EP 471 DI 10.1080/02687030244000068 PG 17 WC Clinical Neurology SC Neurosciences & Neurology GA 548UX UT WOS:000175409200007 ER PT J AU Beeson, PM Hirsch, FM Rewega, MA AF Beeson, PM Hirsch, FM Rewega, MA TI Successful single-word writing treatment: Experimental analyses of four cases SO APHASIOLOGY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 31st Annual Clinical Aphasiology Conference CY MAY 29-JUN 02, 2001 CL SANTA FE, NEW MEXICO AB Background: Individuals with severe aphasia may fail to regain spoken language, so that treatment should target other communication modalities such as writing. There is relatively limited documentation of successful writing treatment, particularly in individuals with severe aphasia. Aims: The present study was designed to examine treatment outcomes in response to two writing treatment protocols intended to rebuild single-word vocabulary for written communication. Methods & Procedures: Writing treatments were implemented with four individuals who had significant aphasia and severe agraphia. Two participants received Anagram and Copy Treatment (ACT) which involved arrangement of component letters and repeated copying of target words, along with a homework programme called Copy and Recall Treatment (CART) that included copying and recall of target words. The other two participants received the homework-based CART only. Single-subject multiple-baseline designs were used with sets of words sequentially targeted for treatment. Outcomes & Results: All four participants responded positively to treatment. Three of the participants had severely limited spoken language, so that mastery of written words provided a much-needed means of communication. The fourth participant, who had adequate spoken language for face-to-face conversation, employed his improved spelling for written messages such as e-mail. Conclusions: Single-word writing abilities may improve with treatment despite long times post onset and persistent impairments to spoken language. C1 Univ Arizona, Dept Speech & Hearing Sci, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA. RP Beeson, PM (reprint author), Univ Arizona, Dept Speech & Hearing Sci, POB 210071, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA. CR ALIMINOSA D, 1993, APHASIOLOGY, V7, P55, DOI 10.1080/02687039308249499 Beeson P. B., 2001, LANGUAGE INTERVENTIO, P572 Beeson P. M., 1999, APHASIOLOGY, V13, P367 Carlomagno S, 1994, COGNITIVE NEUROPSYCH, P485 Ellis A. W., 1988, LANG COGNITIVE PROC, V3, P99, DOI 10.1080/01690968808402084 GOODMAN RA, 1986, J HOPKINS U DYSLEXIA HILLIS AE, 1989, ARCH PHYS MED REHAB, V70, P632 Howard D., 1992, PYRAMIDS PALM TREES Kay J., 1992, PSYCHOLINGUISTIC ASS Kertesz A., 1982, W APHASIA BATTERY PARNWELL EC, 1993, NEW OXFORD PICTURE D RAPCSAK SZ, 2000, APHASIA LANGUAGE THE, P184 Raven JC, 1976, COLOURED PROGR MATRI Shallice T., 1988, NEUROPSYCHOLOGY MENT Wechsler D., 1987, WECHSLER MEMORY SCAL NR 15 TC 32 Z9 32 PU PSYCHOLOGY PRESS PI HOVE PA 27 CHURCH RD, HOVE BN3 2FA, EAST SUSSEX, ENGLAND SN 0268-7038 J9 APHASIOLOGY JI Aphasiology PD APR-JUN PY 2002 VL 16 IS 4-6 BP 473 EP 491 DI 10.1080/02687030244000167 PG 19 WC Clinical Neurology SC Neurosciences & Neurology GA 548UX UT WOS:000175409200008 ER PT J AU Raymer, AM Rowland, L Haley, M Crosson, B AF Raymer, AM Rowland, L Haley, M Crosson, B TI Nonsymbolic movement training to improve sentence generation in transcortical motor aphasia: A case study SO APHASIOLOGY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 31st Annual Clinical Aphasiology Conference CY MAY 29-JUN 02, 2001 CL SANTA FE, NEW MEXICO ID NONFLUENT APHASIA; INTERVENTIONS AB Background: Nonfluent verbal production in individuals with transcortical motor aphasia (TMA) relates primarily to impaired initiation of verbalisation. Luria (1973) proposed the notion of gestural reorganisation, limb movements used to provoke verbalisations, as a means to improve verbal initiation in aphasia. In particular, movements performed with the left hand in left space may engage right frontal mechanisms to enhance verbal initiation (Crosson, Singletary, Richards, Koehler, & Rothi, 2000). However, little evidence is available as to the effects of this type of treatment for nonfluent verbal production in TMA. Aims: We administered a treatment in which we incorporated nonsymbolic limb movements during production of sentences and evaluated the effects on verbal fluency in our participant, MP, who had TMA. Methods & Procedures: We used a single-participant experimental treatment design across behaviours. During training, MP tapped with his left hand in left space as he practised production of sentences for polysemous words (e.g., bank: money, river). In daily probes, we measured percent correct sentences generated and time to produce correct sentences for trained and untrained polysemous words, as well as number of words generated per minute in a control letter category fluency task. Outcomes & Results: Sentence-generation accuracy improved in two trained sets and one untrained set when movement was included during treatment. Little change was evident in the control letter category fluency task. Following training, MP produced increased numbers of words and well-formed utterances in connected speech samples as well. Conclusions: These findings suggest that movement training had some benefit for NIP's sentence generation, perhaps due to recruitment of alternative frontal regions to enhance verbal initiation and fluency. Replication is needed with similar subjects who undergo treatment in conjunction with functional neuroimaging to evaluate this possibility. C1 Old Dominion Univ, Child Study Ctr 110, Norfolk, VA 23529 USA. Dept Vet Affairs, Brain Rehabil Res Ctr, Gainesville, FL USA. Univ Florida, Gainesville, FL USA. RP Raymer, AM (reprint author), Old Dominion Univ, Child Study Ctr 110, Norfolk, VA 23529 USA. RI Crosson, Bruce/L-3128-2013 CR Belin P, 1996, NEUROLOGY, V47, P1504 Berndt R. S., 2000, QUANTITATIVE PRODUCT BORKOWSK.JG, 1967, NEUROPSYCHOLOGIA, V5, P135, DOI 10.1016/0028-3932(67)90015-2 Boucher V, 2001, APHASIOLOGY, V15, P131, DOI 10.1080/02687040042000098 COSLETT HB, 1985, UNPUB BATTERY ADULT CROSSON B, 2000, 2 NAT DEP VET AFF RE Damasio H., 1989, LESION ANAL NEUROPSY Francis WN, 1982, FREQUENCY ANAL ENGLI Gold M, 1997, BRAIN LANG, V57, P374, DOI 10.1006/brln.1997.1750 Helm-Estabrooks N., 1991, MANUAL APHASIA THERA Hoodin R., 1983, CLIN APHASIOLOGY C P, P62 Kaplan E, 1983, BOSTON NAMING TEST Kearns K., 1982, CLIN APHASIOLOGY C P, P183 Kertesz A., 1979, APHASIA ASS DISORDER Kertesz A., 1982, W APHASIA BATTERY LOMAS J, 1989, J SPEECH HEAR DISORD, V54, P113 Luria A., 1970, TRAUMATIC APHASIA IT Luria A. R., 1973, THE WORKING BRAIN NICHOLAS M, 1985, CORTEX, V21, P595 Pashek GV, 1997, J COMMUN DISORD, V30, P349, DOI 10.1016/S0021-9924(96)00079-2 PICKARD N, 1996, CEREB CORTEX, V6, P342 RICHARDS K, 2000, J INT NEUROPSYCH SOC, V6, P241 Robinson G, 1998, BRAIN, V121, P77, DOI 10.1093/brain/121.1.77 Rothi Leslie J. Gonzalez, 1997, P91 Shewan C. M., 1979, AUDITORY COMPREHENSI SINGLETARY FF, 2000, ASHA LEADER, V5, P226 SPARKS RW, 2001, LANGUAGE INTERVENTIO, P703 TRYON WW, 1982, J APPL BEHAV ANAL, V15, P423, DOI 10.1901/jaba.1982.15-423 WERTZ RT, 1982, APRAXIA SPEECH ADULT NR 29 TC 12 Z9 12 PU PSYCHOLOGY PRESS PI HOVE PA 27 CHURCH RD, HOVE BN3 2FA, EAST SUSSEX, ENGLAND SN 0268-7038 J9 APHASIOLOGY JI Aphasiology PD APR-JUN PY 2002 VL 16 IS 4-6 BP 493 EP 506 DI 10.1080/02687030244000239 PG 14 WC Clinical Neurology SC Neurosciences & Neurology GA 548UX UT WOS:000175409200009 ER PT J AU Lustig, AP Tompkins, CA AF Lustig, AP Tompkins, CA TI A written communication strategy for a speaker with aphasia and apraxia of speech: Treatment outcomes and social validity SO APHASIOLOGY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 31st Annual Clinical Aphasiology Conference CY MAY 29-JUN 02, 2001 CL SANTA FE, NEW MEXICO ID CONVERSATIONAL DISCOURSE; LANGUAGE; VALIDATION; RECOVERY; INFORMATIVENESS; PERFORMANCE; EFFICIENCY; THERAPY AB Background: Self-generated cueing strategies have been shown to facilitate communication in persons with speech and language impairments, and multiple benefits may be associated with targeting conversational competence. Aims: The purpose of this study was to train an individual (LG) with longstanding aphasia and apraxia of speech to substitute a self-initiated written word for protracted articulatory struggle, in three conversational settings. Methods & Procedures: A multiple-baseline design across three different settings was utilised, providing an opportunity for strategy practice with both familiar and unfamiliar conversational partners. Topics were constructed to be relevant and meaningful to LG. Several subject-evaluated psychosocial measures, including locus of control, were employed, and social validity ratings were solicited from unfamiliar raters. Outcomes & Results: LG adopted and successfully used the strategy across all settings, with both familiar and unfamiliar partners, at performance levels well above baseline. The number of abandoned conversational targets decreased considerably with strategy use, and social validation ratings indicated beneficial effects pertaining to communicative efficiency and comprehensibility in shorter, but not longer, conversational segments extracted from treatment videotapes. Conclusions: The training protocol was successful in improving LG's facility with targeted compensatory strategy use across designated conversational contexts. However, the clinical significance and social value of LG's strategy use in these settings may be mitigated by the accompanying communicative variables affecting the conversational exchange as a whole. Future efforts could focus on examining what variables in the longer treatment segments appeared to counter the positive effects of LG's strategy use as perceived in the shorter conversational samples. On a more positive note, changes in LG's locus of control scores from extreme internal to more moderate could reflect a greater degree of willingness on her part to allow others to participate in her recovery process, or perhaps herald a more realistic attitude towards the extent of her loss. C1 Univ Pittsburgh, Dept Commun Sci & Disorders, Pittsburgh, PA 15260 USA. RP Lustig, AP (reprint author), Univ Pittsburgh, Dept Commun Sci & Disorders, 4033 Forbes Tower,Atwood & Sennott St, Pittsburgh, PA 15260 USA. CR ANDREWS G, 1974, J SPEECH HEAR DISORD, V39, P312 ARONSON M, 1972, APHASIA SELECTED REA, P425 BERMAN M, 1967, J SPEECH HEAR DISORD, V32, P372 Boles L, 1998, J COMMUN DISORD, V31, P261, DOI 10.1016/S0021-9924(98)00005-7 Brumfitt SM, 1997, DISABIL REHABIL, V19, P221 CAMPBELL TF, 1992, TOP LANG DISORD, V12, P42 Christensen AL, 1997, APHASIOLOGY, V11, P727, DOI 10.1080/02687039708249419 Code Chris, 1999, Seminars in Speech and Language, V20, P19, DOI 10.1055/s-2008-1064006 CROCKFORD C, 1994, EUR J DISORDER COMM, V29, P165 Dabul B. L., 1979, APRAXIA BATTERY ADUL Damico JS, 1999, APHASIOLOGY, V13, P667 DOYLE PJ, 1987, J SPEECH HEAR DISORD, V52, P143 DOYLE PJ, 1989, J APPL BEHAV ANAL, V22, P157, DOI 10.1901/jaba.1989.22-157 Elman Roberta J., 1999, Seminars in Speech and Language, V20, P65, DOI 10.1055/s-2008-1064009 GARRY F, 1989, VET CLIN N AM-FOOD A, V5, P55 Goodglass H., 1983, BOSTON DIAGNOSTIC AP, V2nd Hemsley G, 1996, DISABIL REHABIL, V18, P567 Howard D, 1998, APHASIOLOGY, V12, P399, DOI 10.1080/02687039808249540 Jacobs BJ, 2001, BRAIN LANG, V78, P115, DOI 10.1006/brln.2001.2452 Kagan A, 1995, TOP STROKE REHABIL, V2, P15 KEARNS KP, 1991, CLIN APHASIOLOGY, V20, P223 KEARNS KP, 1985, CLIN APHASIOLOGY, P196 KEARNS KP, 1988, CLIN APHASIOLOGY, V18, P223 Kertesz A., 1982, W APHASIA BATTERY KRAAT AW, 1990, APHASIOLOGY, V4, P321, DOI 10.1080/02687039008249086 Lapointe LL, 1999, APHASIOLOGY, V13, P787 LETOURNEAU PY, 1993, LIVING APHASIA PSYCH, P173 LINEBAUGH C, 1982, CLIN APH C OSHK WI MARSHALL RC, 1982, BRAIN LANG, V15, P292, DOI 10.1016/0093-934X(82)90061-X McNeil M. R., 1978, REVISED TOKEN TEST Müller D, 1999, Semin Speech Lang, V20, P85, DOI 10.1055/s-2008-1064011 NICHOLAS LE, 1993, J SPEECH HEAR RES, V36, P338 NICKELS L, 1992, COGNITIVE NEUROPSYCH, V9, P155, DOI 10.1080/02643299208252057 PACKARD MEW, 1997, ASHA CONV BOST MA PARTRIDGE C, 1989, BRIT J CLIN PSYCHOL, V28, P53 PEACH RK, 1993, APHASIA TREATMENT WO, P335 Porch B. E., 1981, PORCH INDEX COMMUNIC PRINS RS, 1978, BRAIN LANG, V6, P192, DOI 10.1016/0093-934X(78)90058-5 Raven JC, 1976, COLOURED PROGR MATRI Rosenberg M, 1965, SOC ADOLESCENT SELF Rotter J. B., 1954, SOCIAL LEARNING CLIN SIMMONS NN, 1993, THESIS, V1 SIMMONS NN, 1993, THESIS, V2 SimmonsMackie NN, 1997, APHASIOLOGY, V11, P761, DOI 10.1080/02687039708250455 STEVENS SS, 1971, PSYCHOL REV, V78, P426, DOI 10.1037/h0031324 STOKES TF, 1977, J APPL BEHAV ANAL, V10, P349, DOI 10.1901/jaba.1977.10-349 Thompson C., 1989, CLIN APHASIOLOGY, V18, P195 THOMPSON CK, 1984, CLIN APHASIOLOGY, V14, P132 THOMPSON CK, 1987, AM SPEECH LANG HEAR MASSARO M, 1994, CLIN APHASIOL, V22, P245 ULATOWSKA HK, 1992, APHASIOLOGY, V6, P325, DOI 10.1080/02687039208248602 WALLACE GL, 1985, J SPEECH HEAR DISORD, V50, P385 NR 52 TC 17 Z9 17 PU PSYCHOLOGY PRESS PI HOVE PA 27 CHURCH RD, HOVE BN3 2FA, EAST SUSSEX, ENGLAND SN 0268-7038 J9 APHASIOLOGY JI Aphasiology PD APR-JUN PY 2002 VL 16 IS 4-6 BP 507 EP 521 DI 10.1080/02687030244000211 PG 15 WC Clinical Neurology SC Neurosciences & Neurology GA 548UX UT WOS:000175409200010 ER PT J AU Garrett, KL Huth, C AF Garrett, KL Huth, C TI The impact of graphic contextual information and instruction on the conversational behaviours of a person with severe aphasia SO APHASIOLOGY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 31st Annual Clinical Aphasiology Conference CY MAY 29-JUN 02, 2001 CL SANTA FE, NEW MEXICO ID SUPPORTED CONVERSATION; ADULTS; RESOURCES; PARTNERS AB Backgrounds: Individuals with severe expressive aphasia often have difficulty sharing adequate amounts of specific information to sustain topical conversations. Aims: This single subject experiment investigated whether graphic representations of topics increased conversational duration, number of information exchanges, proportion of participant initiations, and percentage of successful communication exchanges during dyadic conversations involving a communicator with severe, nonfluent aphasia (SD). Methods & Procedures: SD conversed with two partners about personal and current events in "no treatment" and "graphic topic-setter" conditions. He also participated in an additional "instruction" condition with Partner 2. Conversations were videotaped, transcribed, and coded for the dependent variables. Results were averaged by condition, graphed, and analysed for statistical significance using randomisation testing. Outcomes & Results: Despite variability in conversational parameters across sessions, mean data from each condition revealed that graphic topic setters increased the average duration of interactions and mean number of communication exchanges per topic across both partners. Proportion of initiations increased significantly with graphic context for Partner I but not Partner 2; this effect was more pronounced for current event topics than personal events. Information transmission was significantly more successful when graphic context was present with both partners, but differences were more noticeable with Partner 1. Conclusions: Participants appeared better able to co-construct conversations when graphic topic setters were available to supplement the natural communication signals of a communicator with severe aphasia. Clinical implementation issues are discussed. C1 Duquesne Univ, Dept Speech Language Pathol, CCC SLP, Pittsburgh, PA 15282 USA. Allegheny Intermediate Unit, Pittsburgh, PA USA. RP Garrett, KL (reprint author), Duquesne Univ, Dept Speech Language Pathol, CCC SLP, 403 Fisher Hall, Pittsburgh, PA 15282 USA. CR BARLOW DH, 1984, SINGLE CASE EXPT DES BEUKELMAN D, 1998, AUGMENTATIVE COMMUNI Beukelman D., 1985, COMMUNICATION AUGMEN Edgington E. S., 1995, RANDOMIZATION TESTS FOX LE, 1996, ISAAC, V12, P257 Franklin R. D., 1996, DESIGN ANAL SINGLE C GARRETT K, 1999, GROUP TREATMENT NEUR, P85 GARRETT K, 2000, ANN AM SPEECH LANG H GARRETT KL, 1993, THESIS U NEBRASKA LI Hayes AF, 1996, BEHAV RES METH INSTR, V28, P473, DOI 10.3758/BF03200530 HELMESTABROOKS N, 1984, LANGUAGE DISORDERS A, P159 Holland AL, 1998, APHASIOLOGY, V12, P844, DOI 10.1080/02687039808249578 HUNT P, 1991, AAC (Augmentative and Alternative Communication), V7, P117, DOI 10.1080/07434619112331275783 Kagan A, 1998, APHASIOLOGY, V12, P816, DOI 10.1080/02687039808249575 Kertesz A., 1982, W APHASIA BATTERY Marshall RC, 1998, APHASIOLOGY, V12, P811, DOI 10.1080/02687039808249574 MUSSELWHITE C, 1990, 4 BIENN C INT SOC AU PACKARD M, 1997, ANN AM SPEECH LANG H Simmons-Mackie N, 1998, APHASIOLOGY, V12, P831, DOI 10.1080/02687039808249576 WEISS S, 1997, ANN M AM SPEECH LANG NR 20 TC 30 Z9 30 PU PSYCHOLOGY PRESS PI HOVE PA 27 CHURCH RD, HOVE BN3 2FA, EAST SUSSEX, ENGLAND SN 0268-7038 J9 APHASIOLOGY JI Aphasiology PD APR-JUN PY 2002 VL 16 IS 4-6 BP 523 EP 536 DI 10.1080/02687030244000149 PG 14 WC Clinical Neurology SC Neurosciences & Neurology GA 548UX UT WOS:000175409200011 ER PT J AU Francis, DR Clark, N AF Francis, DR Clark, N TI Circumlocution-induced naming (CIN): A treatment for effecting generalisation in anomia? SO APHASIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID WORD RETRIEVAL; APHASIC PATIENTS; DAMAGE; REHABILITATION; DEFICITS; DYSLEXIA AB Background: Many studies of clients with 'pure' anomia (i.e. word finding difficulties in the absence of semantic impairment) have found a lack of generalization to the naming of items that are not treated in therapy. One explanation for this result is that the phonological output lexicon consists of discrete entries which are not as interconnective as those in the semantic system (Miceli, Amatrano, Capasso, and Caramazza 1996). However, more recent studies suggest that therapy which requires more explicit and unaided access on the part of the client might indeed effect generalization (McNeil, Small, Masterton, and Fossett, 1995; Spencer, Doyle, McNeil, Wambaugh, Park, and Carroll, 2000). Aims: The main aim of our study was to investigate whether requiring a client to name pictures with minimal help (i.e. cueing, repetition) from therapists would result in generalization. Methods & Procedures: We used a single case design, employing multiple baselines across behaviours to control for possible spontaneous recovery. The participant was MB, a 79 year old client who was anomic subsequent to a stroke. Therapy sessions required MB to name a set of pictures. Instead of cues, she was required to describe and 'talk around' each picture for as long as it took until the name came to her. We termed this therapy 'Circumlocution-induced naming' (CIN). Nonparametric statistical analysis was performed on pre and post test results. Outcomes & Results: Therapy resulted in improvement to untreated as well as to treated words, and there was also a qualitative change in error patterns on untreated words (namely fewer unrelated errors and more semantic errors). Performance on unrelated control tasks did not improve. Conclusions: Our results suggest that CIN may effect a generalized improvement on the phonological output lexicon. We hypothesize that the therapy 'exercises' the impaired link between semantics and phonology to a greater degree than do other methods (e. g. phonemic cueing, repetition). This suggests that clients with moderate to mild anomia might benefit from therapy that requires them to take a more active and independent part in accessing words. We discuss some difficulties in the interpretation of our results, including the possible existence of spontaneous recovery, and the issue of exactly what our therapy targeted. C1 Univ Birmingham, Sch Psychol, Behav Brain Sci Ctr, Birmingham B15 2TT, W Midlands, England. Birmingham Heartlands & Solihull NHS Trust Teachi, Heartlands Hosp, Birmingham, W Midlands, England. RP Francis, DR (reprint author), Univ Birmingham, Sch Psychol, Behav Brain Sci Ctr, Birmingham B15 2TT, W Midlands, England. CR Annoni JM, 1998, APHASIOLOGY, V12, P1093, DOI 10.1080/02687039808249475 BADDELEY A, 1993, NEUROPSYCHOL REHABIL, V3, P235, DOI 10.1080/09602019308401438 BATEMAN A, THESIS BIRMINGHAM U BEST W, 1997, LANGUAGE DISORDERS C Burgess PW, 1997, HAYLING BRIXTON TEST CARAMAZZA A, 1993, NEUROPSYCHOL REHABIL, V3, P217, DOI 10.1080/09602019308401437 CARAMAZZA A, 1989, COGNITIVE APPROACHES COLLINS AM, 1969, J VERB LEARN VERB BE, V8, P240, DOI 10.1016/S0022-5371(69)80069-1 Davis A., 1991, NEUROPSYCHOL REHABIL, V1, P135, DOI 10.1080/09602019108401387 DEPARTZ MP, 1986, COGNITIVE NEUROPSYCH, V3, P149, DOI 10.1080/02643298608252674 Golding E, 1989, MIDDLESEX ELDERLY AS Goodglass H, 1983, ASSESSMENT APHASIA R, V2nd HODGES JR, 1992, NEUROPSYCHOLOGIA, V30, P310 HODGES JR, 1992, BRAIN, V115, P1783, DOI 10.1093/brain/115.6.1783 Howard D, 1998, APHASIOLOGY, V12, P399, DOI 10.1080/02687039808249540 Humphreys G.W., 1987, VISUAL OBJECT PROCES Kay J., 1992, PALPA PSYCHOLINGUIST LEDORZE G, 1995, NEUROPSYCHOL REHABIL, V5, P51 LEDORZE G, 1994, APHASIOLOGY, V8, P127 Lesser R., 1989, COGNITIVE APPROACHES MARSHALL J, 1990, APHASIOLOGY, V4, P167, DOI 10.1080/02687039008249068 McNeil M. R., 1995, AM J SPEECH-LANG PAT, V4, P76, DOI 10.1044/1058-0360.0404.76 McNeil MR, 1998, APHASIOLOGY, V12, P575, DOI 10.1080/02687039808249559 McNeil MR, 1997, APHASIOLOGY, V11, P385, DOI 10.1080/02687039708248479 Miceli G, 1996, BRAIN LANG, V52, P150, DOI 10.1006/brln.1996.0008 NICKELS L, 1996, APHASIOLOGY, V10, P2147 NICKELS L, 1992, COGNITIVE NEUROPSYCH, V9, P155, DOI 10.1080/02643299208252057 Parkin AJ, 1998, COGNITIVE NEUROPSYCH, V15, P361 Plaut DC, 1996, BRAIN LANG, V52, P25, DOI 10.1006/brln.1996.0004 Riddoch M. J., 1993, BORB BIRMINGHAM OBJE Rumiati RI, 1997, VIS COGN, V4, P207 SARTORI G, 1988, COGNITIVE NEUROPSYCH, V5, P105, DOI 10.1080/02643298808252928 SERON X, 1979, CORTEX, V15, P149 Spencer KA, 2000, APHASIOLOGY, V14, P567 WARRINGTON EK, 1979, BRAIN, V102, P43, DOI 10.1093/brain/102.1.43 Wechsler D., 1987, WECHSLER MEMORY SCAL Weekes B, 1996, COGNITIVE NEUROPSYCH, V13, P277, DOI 10.1080/026432996382033 WIEGEL-CRUMP C, 1973, Cortex, V9, P411 Wilson B. A., 1987, BEHAV INATTENTION TE NR 39 TC 16 Z9 17 PU PSYCHOLOGY PRESS PI HOVE PA 27 CHURCH RD, HOVE BN3 2FA, EAST SUSSEX, ENGLAND SN 0268-7038 J9 APHASIOLOGY JI Aphasiology PD MAR PY 2002 VL 16 IS 3 BP 243 EP 259 DI 10.1080/02687040143000564 PG 17 WC Clinical Neurology SC Neurosciences & Neurology GA 525ZU UT WOS:000174104600001 ER PT J AU Pashek, GV Tompkins, CA AF Pashek, GV Tompkins, CA TI Context and word class influences on lexical retrieval in aphasia SO APHASIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID SENTENCE PRODUCTION; VERB RETRIEVAL; LANGUAGE PRODUCTION; NAMING PERFORMANCE; GRAMMATICAL CLASS; DISCOURSE; REPRESENTATION; COMPREHENSION; CONSTRAINTS; DISORDERS AB Background: Perceived differences in word retrieval between naming and connected speech contexts have been of clinical interest to clinicians and researchers for the last 50 years. However, empirical studies of contextual influences on retrieval have surfaced only in the last two decades. Aims: The purpose of this exploratory investigation was to study lexical retrieval in both connected speech and naming tasks in a group of participants with mild aphasia. As previous studies have outlined possible relationships between word class (noun vs. verb) and elicitation context, retrieval of both nouns and verbs were investigated in naming and connected speech tasks. Methods & Procedures: Twenty individuals with mild aphasia presenting primarily as residual anomia and 10 age- and education-matched controls participated in this study. Accuracy in lexical retrieval attempts was compared across two contexts - confrontation naming and video narration, for targets in two word classes - nouns and verbs. Lexical targets in these two word classes had been matched as groups on an a priori basis for frequency and familiarity Outcomes & Results: Results indicated that all participants experienced greater word finding difficulty in confrontation naming than in video narration. Individuals with aphasia also demonstrated greater word finding difficulty for nouns than verbs, although subsequent analyses suggest that these findings may be explained by joint effects of word length and word frequency on of target stimuli. Conclusions: Context influenced lexical retrieval of both aphasic and normal aging subjects, although "word class'' effects may have been attributable to combined characteristics of lexical targets. Although results appear to have implications for both assessment and treatment of lexical retrieval deficits, discussion emphasizes ways in which word finding abilities in connected speech may require different methods of study than those traditionally employed in the analysis of naming responses. C1 Med Univ S Carolina, Charleston, SC 29425 USA. Univ Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15260 USA. RP Pashek, GV (reprint author), Coll Hlth Profess, Commun Sci & Disorders Program, Dept Rehabil Sci, 77 President St,Suite 117,POB 50700, Charleston, SC 29425 USA. CR ATKINSON RC, 1975, ATTENTION PERFORMANC, V5 Au R, 1995, AGING COGNITION, V2, P300, DOI 10.1080/13825589508256605 BASSO A, 1990, APHASIOLOGY, V4, P185, DOI 10.1080/02687039008249069 CARAMAZZA A, 1978, PSYCHOL BULL, V85, P898, DOI 10.1037//0033-2909.85.4.898 Berndt RS, 2000, J MEM LANG, V43, P249, DOI 10.1006/jmla.2000.2726 Berndt RS, 1997, BRAIN LANG, V56, P107 Berndt RS, 1997, BRAIN LANG, V56, P68 BIRREN JE, 1995, ANNU REV PSYCHOL, V46, P329, DOI 10.1146/annurev.ps.46.020195.001553 BOCK JK, 1987, PROGR PSYCHOL LANGUA BOCK K, 1995, SPEECH LANGUAGE COMM, V3, P181 BREEN K, 1994, CORTEX, V30, P231 BUTTERWORTH B, 1984, NEUROPSYCHOLOGIA, V22, P409, DOI 10.1016/0028-3932(84)90036-8 CHRISTIANSEN JA, 1995, BRAIN LANG, V51, P291, DOI 10.1006/brln.1995.1062 Cohen J., 1988, STAT POWER ANAL BEHA, V2nd Dabul B. L., 1979, APRAXIA BATTERY ADUL Dell GS, 1997, PSYCHOL REV, V104, P123, DOI 10.1037/0033-295X.104.1.123 DELL GS, 1992, COGNITION, V42, P287, DOI 10.1016/0010-0277(92)90046-K DELL GS, 1986, PSYCHOL REV, V93, P283, DOI 10.1037//0033-295X.93.3.283 DOLLAGHAN CA, 1992, TOP LANG DISORD, V12, P56 FOLSTEIN MF, 1975, J PSYCHIAT RES, V12, P189, DOI 10.1016/0022-3956(75)90026-6 Geschwind N., 1967, CORTEX, V3, P97 GLOSSER G, 1991, BRAIN LANG, V40, P67, DOI 10.1016/0093-934X(91)90117-J Goodglass H, 1983, ASSESSMENT APHASIA R, V2nd GREENWOOD A, 1999, APHASIA THERAPY FILE GROSJEAN F, 1984, B PSYCHONOMIC SOC, V22, P180 HADAR U, 1987, CORTEX, V23, P505 HELLER RB, 1993, PSYCHOL AGING, V8, P443, DOI 10.1037//0882-7974.8.3.443 Jakobson Roman, 1956, FUNDAMENTALS LANGUAG Jesperson O, 1965, MODERN ENGLISH GRAMM Jonkers R, 1998, APHASIOLOGY, V12, P245, DOI 10.1080/02687039808249453 Kaplan E, 1983, BOSTON NAMING TEST KEMPEN G, 1983, COGNITION, V14, P185, DOI 10.1016/0010-0277(83)90029-X KOHN SE, 1989, CORTEX, V25, P57 Kohn SE, 1998, APPL PSYCHOLINGUIST, V19, P631, DOI 10.1017/S0142716400010390 Kucera H., 1967, COMPUTATIONAL ANAL P LEVELT W, 1989, SPEAKING INTENTION A LEVELT WJM, 2000, AM SPEECH LANG HEAR Levelt WJM, 1999, BEHAV BRAIN SCI, V22, P1 Loban W., 1976, LANGUAGE DEV KINDERG Luria A. R., 1966, HIGHER CORTICAL FUNC Luria AR, 1970, TRAUMATIC APHASIA MACDONALD MC, 1994, LANG COGNITIVE PROC, V9, P157, DOI 10.1080/01690969408402115 Marshall J, 1998, BRAIN LANG, V63, P159, DOI 10.1006/brln.1998.1949 MCCLELLAND JL, 1985, J EXP PSYCHOL GEN, V114, P159, DOI 10.1037//0096-3445.114.2.159 MICELI G, 1988, APHASIOLOGY, V2, P351, DOI 10.1080/02687038808248937 MILLER JF, 1992, MACSALT SYSTEMATIC A MITCHUM CC, 1995, NEUROPSYCHOL REHABIL, V5, P1, DOI 10.1080/09602019508520173 NICHOLAS LE, 1989, APHASIOLOGY, V3, P569, DOI 10.1080/02687038908249023 Pashek G, 1998, BRAIN LANG, V65, P177 REYNA VF, 1987, PROGR PSYCHOL LANGUA Salthouse T. A., 1996, J GERONTOL B-PSYCHOL, V51B, P30 Selkirk E, 1996, SIGNAL TO SYNTAX: BOOTSTRAPPING FROM SPEECH TO GRAMMAR IN EARLY ACQUISITION, P187 SHAPIRO LP, 1987, COGNITION, V27, P219, DOI 10.1016/S0010-0277(87)80010-0 SHAPIRO LP, 1993, BRAIN LANG, V45, P423, DOI 10.1006/brln.1993.1053 Steel R.G.D., 1960, PRINCIPALS PROCEDURE STEIN DW, 1984, THESIS U PITTSBURGH Stemberger J. P., 1985, PROGR PSYCHOL LANGUA, V1, P143 Tabor W, 1997, LANG COGNITIVE PROC, V12, P211 Toglia M. P., 1978, HDB SEMANTIC WORD NO WEGNER ML, 1984, BRAIN LANG, V21, P37, DOI 10.1016/0093-934X(84)90034-8 WILLIAMS SE, 1982, BRAIN LANG, V17, P92, DOI 10.1016/0093-934X(82)90007-4 WILLIAMS SE, 1987, BRAIN LANG, V32, P124, DOI 10.1016/0093-934X(87)90120-9 WILSON R S, 1979, Journal of Clinical Neuropsychology, V1, P49, DOI 10.1080/01688637908401097 Yorkston K. M., 1981, ASSESSMENT INTELLIGI ZINGESER LB, 1988, COGNITIVE NEUROPSYCH, V5, P473, DOI 10.1080/02643298808253270 Zipf G. K., 1965, PSYCHOBIOLOGY LANGUA NR 66 TC 20 Z9 20 PU PSYCHOLOGY PRESS PI HOVE PA 27 CHURCH RD, HOVE BN3 2FA, EAST SUSSEX, ENGLAND SN 0268-7038 J9 APHASIOLOGY JI Aphasiology PD MAR PY 2002 VL 16 IS 3 BP 261 EP 286 DI 10.1080/02687040143000573 PG 26 WC Clinical Neurology SC Neurosciences & Neurology GA 525ZU UT WOS:000174104600002 ER PT J AU Ansaldo, AI Arguin, M Lecours, AR AF Ansaldo, AI Arguin, M Lecours, AR TI Initial right hemisphere take-over and subsequent bilateral participation during recovery from aphasia SO APHASIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID LANGUAGE; IMAGEABILITY; RECOGNITION; ASYMMETRIES; PLASTICITY; STROKE AB Background: In 1887, Gowers proposed that supplemental action by the right frontal cortex could sustain language following aphasia. Since then, many studies using a wide variety of experimental paradigms have examined the role of the right hemisphere in the recovery from aphasia. Aims: This study examines the right hemisphere's participation in the recovery from aphasia between four and sixteen months following brain damage. Methods & Procedures: RJ, a young woman with severe Broca's aphasia resulting from a left fronto-temporal hematoma, was followed up at four-month intervals with a divided visual field presentation lexical decision task (LDT). At each time of measurement, we examined her performance with high- and low-imageability nouns and verbs, directed to either cerebral hemisphere and in central vision. A language test was used to examine the pattern of language recovery over time, and a non-verbal version of the Stroop test (NVST) served to follow up changes in attention. The results obtained with the LDT and the NVST were analyzed with ANOVAs; the changes in the pattern of language recovery and the results on the attentional task were also considered in the analysis. Outcomes & Results: There was a left visual field advantage with high-imageability words, regardless of their grammatical class, at four months post stroke. The right hemisphere advantage extended to low-imageability words at eight months after aphasia onset. Concurrently, language comprehension tasks made a significant recovery, whereas language expression tasks recovered only slightly. Furthermore, there was no significant improvement on the attentional task within the same time period. One year after the stroke, RJ's pattern of lateralization changed; there was a marginally significant central vision advantage on word processing, and no significant difference in her performance on lateralized presentations. There was a remarkable recovery on oral expression tasks, and some improvement on the attentional task within the same period. Conclusions: The results of the present study indicate that recovery from aphasia may be sustained by both cerebral hemispheres. The participation of either hemisphere may vary with time elapsed. Our results suggest that high-imageability nouns and verbs may constitute a good target for speech therapy during the first months post stroke, in order to benefit from right hemisphere takeover capacities. Furthermore, low imageability nouns and verbs are candidates for right hemisphere takeover as well, if enough time is allowed. Finally, the results of this study suggest that right hemisphere involvement in language recovery may occur in the absence of a concurrent improvement of attention. In line with previous studies, our results indicate that the recovery of oral expression coincides with the improvement of left hemisphere function. Hence, the fact that language expression started to improve one year after the stroke suggests that recovery from a severe language expression deficit is a long process, and may require long-term follow-up. C1 Inst Univ Geriatrie Montreal, Montreal, PQ H3W 1W5, Canada. Univ Montreal, Montreal, PQ, Canada. RP Ansaldo, AI (reprint author), Inst Univ Geriatrie Montreal, 4565 Queen Mary, Montreal, PQ H3W 1W5, Canada. CR BASSO A, 1989, CORTEX, V25, P555 Beauchemin MJ, 1996, BRAIN COGNITION, V32, P255 BEAUDOT J, 1990, FREQUENCE UTILISATIO BELAND R, 1990, APHASIOLOGY, V4, P439, DOI 10.1080/02687039008248786 CAMBIER J, 1983, REV NEUROL, V139, P55 CAPLAN D, 1971, NEUROPSYCHOLOGIA, V12, P331 Cappa SF, 1997, BRAIN LANG, V56, P55, DOI 10.1006/brln.1997.1737 CASTROCALDAS A, 1980, BRAIN LANG, V10, P145, DOI 10.1016/0093-934X(80)90045-0 CZPOF D, 1979, APHASIA APRAXIA AGNO, V2, P27 DAY J, 1979, NEUROPSYCHOLOGIA, V17, P515, DOI 10.1016/0028-3932(79)90059-9 Dejerine J., 1914, SEMIOLOGIE AFFECTION DEMEURISSE G, 1985, EUR NEUROL, V24, P134, DOI 10.1159/000115774 Demeurisse G, 1987, APHASIOLOGY, V1, P301, DOI 10.1080/02687038708248851 ELLIS HD, 1974, J EXP PSYCHOL, V103, P1035, DOI 10.1037/h0037363 EVIATAR Z, 1990, CORTEX, V26, P611 Gowers WR, 1887, LECT DIAGNOSIS DIS B Henschen SE, 1926, BRAIN, V49, P110, DOI 10.1093/brain/49.1.110 HOGENRAAD R, 1981, PSYCHOL BELG, V21, P21 Joanette Y., 1990, RIGHT HEMISPHERE VER Karbe H, 1998, BRAIN LANG, V64, P215, DOI 10.1006/brln.1998.1961 Karbe H, 1997, ADV NEUROL, V73, P347 Kertesz A, 1988, Adv Neurol, V47, P277 KINSBOUR.M, 1971, ARCH NEUROL-CHICAGO, V25, P302 KINSBOUR.M, 1970, ACTA PSYCHOL, V33, P193, DOI 10.1016/0001-6918(70)90132-0 KNOPMAN D, 1984, NEUROLOGY, V33, P1170 LANDIS T, 1983, NEUROPSYCHOLOGIA, V21, P359, DOI 10.1016/0028-3932(83)90022-2 LEE H, 1984, ANN NEUROL, V15, P304, DOI 10.1002/ana.410150319 MAYZNER MS, 1965, J EXP PSYCHOL, V71, P66 McLeod C. M., 1991, PSYCHOL BULL, V109, P163 METTER EJ, 1989, ARCH NEUROL-CHICAGO, V46, P27 MOORE WH, 1975, PERCEPT MOTOR SKILL, V39, P1003 MOORE WH, 1987, CORTEX, V23, P123 NICCUM N, 1986, BRAIN LANG, V28, P273, DOI 10.1016/0093-934X(86)90105-7 Nielsen JM, 1946, AGNOSIA APRAXIA APHA Nieto A, 1999, BRAIN LANG, V70, P421, DOI 10.1006/brln.1999.2180 PAIVIO A, 1968, J EXPT PSYCHOL S MON, P76 PAPANICOLAOU AC, 1988, ARCH NEUROL-CHICAGO, V45, P1025 Petit J. M., 1979, BRAIN LANG, V7, P191, DOI 10.1016/0093-934X(79)90016-6 SCHWEIGER A, 1989, BRAIN LANG, V37, P73, DOI 10.1016/0093-934X(89)90102-8 Seron X., 1994, NEUROPSYCHOLOGIE HUM SILVESTRINI M, 1993, STROKE, V24, P1673 Thomas C, 1997, ELECTROEN CLIN NEURO, V102, P86, DOI 10.1016/S0921-884X(96)95653-2 NR 42 TC 9 Z9 9 PU PSYCHOLOGY PRESS PI HOVE PA 27 CHURCH RD, HOVE BN3 2FA, EAST SUSSEX, ENGLAND SN 0268-7038 J9 APHASIOLOGY JI Aphasiology PD MAR PY 2002 VL 16 IS 3 BP 287 EP 304 DI 10.1080/02687040143000591 PG 18 WC Clinical Neurology SC Neurosciences & Neurology GA 525ZU UT WOS:000174104600003 ER PT J AU Keil, K Kaszniak, AW AF Keil, K Kaszniak, AW TI Examining executive function in individuals with brain injury: A review SO APHASIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID FRONTAL-LOBE LESIONS; AMYGDALO-HIPPOCAMPECTOMY; STRATEGY APPLICATION; RECOGNITION MEMORY; PLANNING ABILITY; SHORT-TERM; APHASIA; PERFORMANCE; INTELLIGENCE; IMPAIRMENT AB Background: Patients with aphasia resulting from a stroke may exhibit cognitive impairments in addition to their language disturbance. The ability to detect and quantify executive function impairment, in particular, may be critical to treating these patients. Furthermore, the effects of executive dysfunction on daily activities may interact with or amplify limitations due to their language disorder. Multiple measures exist in the clinical and research neuropsychological literatures for assessing executive function, however these vary in reliability, validity, and language demands. Aims: This review explores the definition of executive function, describes tests of executive function, and makes recommendations regarding their use in populations with language impairment. Initially a literature search was undertaken for reviews and empirical studies addressing the definition and measurement of executive function, as well as studies of cognitive function in patients with frontal lobe damage. Included in this review are tasks on which patients with frontal lesions showed impairments, activations were seen in neuroimaging studies, or which were developed for the purpose of tapping a cognitive process hypothesized to be an executive function. Main Contribution: Studies of cognitive ability in those with aphasia are reviewed. Purported executive function tests are organized into a proposed substructure for grouping executive processes, and are evaluated for their usefulness in assessing those with aphasia. Tests that have been used hint at impairments in some individuals with aphasia, suggesting a need to look at correlation with severity of auditory comprehension and constructional praxis. Conclusions: Although few executive function tests are currently appropriate for use in a language-disordered population without modifications, many have potential. In order to advance our understanding of the construct of executive function, it is important to develop a clearer definition of the processes involved. In the meantime, the tests reviewed here may be helpful in assessing whether cognitive impairment exists in addition to the language dysfunction in those with aphasia. C1 Univ Arizona, Dept Psychol, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA. RP Keil, K (reprint author), Univ Arizona, Dept Psychol, Box 210068, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA. EM keil@u.arizona.edu CR Akert K., 1964, FRONTAL GRANULAR COR, P353 ALBERT M, 1981, CLIN ASPECTS DYSPHAS, V2 ALDERMAN N, 1995, NEUROPSYCHOL REHABIL, V5, P193, DOI 10.1080/09602019508401467 BADDELEY A, 1998, METHODOLOGY FRONTAL, P61 BAILEY S, 1981, BRIT J DISORD COMMUN, V16, P193 Baker SC, 1996, NEUROPSYCHOLOGIA, V34, P515, DOI 10.1016/0028-3932(95)00133-6 Baser C A, 1987, Arch Clin Neuropsychol, V2, P13, DOI 10.1016/0887-6177(87)90031-X BASSO A, 1981, BRAIN, V104, P721, DOI 10.1093/brain/104.4.721 BASSO A, 1985, NEUROPSYCHOLOGIA, V23, P51, DOI 10.1016/0028-3932(85)90043-0 BAY E, 1962, BRAIN, V85, P410 BAYLES KA, 1994, LANGUAGE INTERVENTIO BEESON PM, 1993, BRAIN LANG, V45, P253, DOI 10.1006/brln.1993.1045 Bigler E D, 1988, Arch Clin Neuropsychol, V3, P279, DOI 10.1016/0887-6177(88)90020-0 BOROD JC, 1982, CORTEX, V18, P199 Burgess PW, 1996, NEUROPSYCHOLOGIA, V34, P263, DOI 10.1016/0028-3932(95)00104-2 Burgess PW, 1998, J INT NEUROPSYCH SOC, V4, P547 Butler R. W., 1993, NEUROPSYCHOLOGY, V7, P519, DOI 10.1037/0894-4105.7.4.519 BUTLER RW, 1989, CLIN NEUROPSYCHOL, V3, P235, DOI 10.1080/13854048908404085 Channon S, 1999, NEUROPSYCHOLOGIA, V37, P757, DOI 10.1016/S0028-3932(98)00138-9 COHEN R, 1980, BRAIN LANG, V10, P331, DOI 10.1016/0093-934X(80)90060-7 COSTA L, 1988, CLIN NEUROPSYCHOL, V2, P3, DOI 10.1080/13854048808520079 CREMONINI W, 1980, NEUROPSYCHOLOGIA, V18, P1, DOI 10.1016/0028-3932(80)90078-0 Demakis GJ, 1997, PSYCHOL REP, V81, P443 Denckla M. B., 1996, ATTENTION MEMORY EXE, P263 DeRenzi E., 1965, CORTEX, V1, P410 DERENZI E, 1972, BRAIN, V95, P293, DOI 10.1093/brain/95.2.293 DUNCAN J, 1995, NEUROPSYCHOLOGIA, V33, P261, DOI 10.1016/0028-3932(94)00124-8 Ellis A. W., 1996, HUMAN COGNITIVE NEUR ESLINGER PJ, 1985, NEUROLOGY, V35, P1731 Fuster J.M., 1997, PREFRONTAL CORTEX GAINOTTI G, 1978, NEUROPSYCHOLOGIA, V16, P301 GLOSSER G, 1990, J CLIN EXP NEUROPSYC, V12, P485, DOI 10.1080/01688639008400995 Godefroy O, 1997, NEUROLOGY, V49, P695 GOEL V, 1995, NEUROPSYCHOLOGIA, V33, P623, DOI 10.1016/0028-3932(95)90866-P GOLDENBERG G, 1994, APHASIOLOGY, V8, P443, DOI 10.1080/02687039408248669 GOLDSTEIN K, 1948, LANGUAGE LANGUAGE DI GUTBROD K, 1989, J CLIN EXP NEUROPSYC, V11, P821, DOI 10.1080/01688638908400938 HAMSHER K, 1998, ACQUIRED APHASIA, P341, DOI 10.1016/B978-012619322-0/50013-0 Humes GE, 1997, ASSESSMENT, V4, P249 JONESGOTMAN M, 1977, NEUROPSYCHOLOGIA, V15, P653, DOI 10.1016/0028-3932(77)90070-7 Kaszniak AW, 1996, LEARN INDIVID DIFFER, V8, P355, DOI 10.1016/S1041-6080(96)90023-0 KERTESZ A, 1977, BRAIN, V100, P1, DOI 10.1093/brain/100.1.1 KERTESZ A, 1975, BRAIN LANG, V2, P387, DOI 10.1016/S0093-934X(75)80079-4 Lang C. J. G., 1989, NEUROPSYCHOLOGIA, V25, P619 LAWSON MJ, 1989, J CLIN EXP NEUROPSYC, V11, P842, DOI 10.1080/01688638908400939 LESSER R, 1978, LINGUISTIC INVESTIGA Levine B, 1998, J INT NEUROPSYCH SOC, V4, P247 LEZAK MD, 1995, NEUROPSYCHOLOGICAL A Luria A. R., 1973, HIGHER CORTICAL FUNC MACK JL, 1995, NEUROPSYCHOLOGY, V9, P556, DOI 10.1037//0894-4105.9.4.556 Mai N, 1991, NEUROPSYCHOL REHABIL, V1, P45, DOI DOI 10.1080/09602019108401379 MALY J, 1977, BRAIN LANG, V4, P78, DOI 10.1016/0093-934X(77)90008-6 McDonald S, 1998, BRAIN LANG, V61, P88, DOI 10.1006/brln.1997.1846 Milner B., 1964, FRONTAL GRANULAR COR, P313 Miotto EC, 1998, CORTEX, V34, P639, DOI 10.1016/S0010-9452(08)70770-6 MORRIS RG, 1993, NEUROPSYCHOLOGIA, V31, P1367, DOI 10.1016/0028-3932(93)90104-8 Murray LL, 1997, J SPEECH LANG HEAR R, V40, P792 Nagahama Y, 1996, BRAIN, V119, P1667, DOI 10.1093/brain/119.5.1667 De Renzi E, 1975, Cortex, V11, P341 Nolte J., 1993, HUMAN BRAIN OWEN AM, 1990, NEUROPSYCHOLOGIA, V28, P1021, DOI 10.1016/0028-3932(90)90137-D Owen AM, 1996, BRAIN, V119, P1597, DOI 10.1093/brain/119.5.1597 OWEN AM, 1995, NEUROPSYCHOLOGIA, V33, P1, DOI 10.1016/0028-3932(94)00098-A Paulsens JS, 1996, ASSESSMENT, V3, P327, DOI 10.1177/1073191196003003012 Pennington BF, 1996, J CHILD PSYCHOL PSYC, V37, P51, DOI 10.1111/j.1469-7610.1996.tb01380.x PERRET E, 1974, NEUROPSYCHOLOGIA, V12, P323, DOI 10.1016/0028-3932(74)90047-5 Phillips L. H., 1997, METHODOLOGY FRONTAL, P191 PURDY M, 1992, DISS ABSTR INT, V53, P5164 REITAN RM, 1960, J PSYCHOL, V50, P355 REITAN RM, 1988, CLIN NEUROPSYCHOL, V2, P331, DOI 10.1080/13854048808403272 REITAN RM, 1959, J NERV MENT DIS, V129, P257, DOI 10.1097/00005053-195909000-00006 REITAN RM, 1994, NEUROPSYCHOL REV, V4, P161, DOI 10.1007/BF01874891 REZAI K, 1993, ARCH NEUROL-CHICAGO, V50, P636 RIEGE WH, 1980, BRAIN LANG, V10, P60, DOI 10.1016/0093-934X(80)90038-3 ROBBINS TW, 1997, METHODOLOGY FRONTAL, P215 SAVER JL, 1991, NEUROPSYCHOLOGIA, V29, P1241, DOI 10.1016/0028-3932(91)90037-9 Shallice T, 1998, NEUROPSYCHOLOGY MENT SHALLICE T, 1982, PHILOS T ROY SOC B, V298, P199, DOI 10.1098/rstb.1982.0082 SHALLICE T, 1991, BRAIN, V114, P727, DOI 10.1093/brain/114.2.727 Spreen O., 1998, COMPENDIUM NEUROPSYC STUSS DT, 1993, DEMENTIA, V4, P220, DOI 10.1159/000107326 STUSS DT, 1984, PSYCHOL BULL, V95, P3, DOI 10.1037//0033-2909.95.1.3 Stuss DT, 1986, FRONTAL LOBES TRANEL D, 1994, HANDB NEUR, V9, P125 VANMOURIK M, 1992, APHASIOLOGY, V6, P491, DOI 10.1080/02687039208249486 ZANGWILL OL, 1966, INT J NEUROL, V5, P395 NR 86 TC 43 Z9 43 PU PSYCHOLOGY PRESS PI HOVE PA 27 CHURCH RD, HOVE BN3 2FA, EAST SUSSEX, ENGLAND SN 0268-7038 J9 APHASIOLOGY JI Aphasiology PD MAR PY 2002 VL 16 IS 3 BP 305 EP 335 DI 10.1080/02687030143000654 PG 31 WC Clinical Neurology SC Neurosciences & Neurology GA 525ZU UT WOS:000174104600004 ER PT J AU Ramsberger, G Rende, B AF Ramsberger, G Rende, B TI Measuring transactional success in the conversation of people with aphasia SO APHASIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID CONNECTED SPEECH; COMMUNICATION; ADULTS AB Background: Conversation is one of the most important forms of human communication. The way in which one participates in conversation is necessarily impacted by aphasia. Recent changes in delivery of rehabilitation services place greater emphasis on functional outcome and this, in turn, has been a catalyst for the development of rehabilitation approaches that focus on conversation. However, an important missing element in studies of the efficacy of such approaches is a method for evaluating success in conversation. Aims: The object of this study was to develop an ecologically valid and reliable measure of transactional success in conversation. Methods & Procedures: The procedures for measuring transactional success in conversation described in this study utilizes standardized procedures while simulating natural conversations as much as possible. It provides a method for measuring what has been understood/exchanged when the conversation concludes, and affords an external reference against which the accuracy of this information can be judged. Data for this study were gathered from 14 people with aphasia of moderate severity each of whom engaged in 4 semi-structured conversations with unfamiliar partners. Outcomes & Results: The method of measuring transactional success in conversation described in this study was shown to have good validity and reliability. Conclusions: Transactional success in conversation is clearly a unique construct that is not predicted by traditional aphasia assessment. The method for measuring transactional success in conversation developed in this investigation provides a much-needed means for clinicians to evaluate the efficacy of conversation therapy. Furthermore, combining this new measure with Conversation Analysis (CA) offers a potentially powerful tool to identify those conversational behaviors that contribute to successful transfer of ideas. Such information could then be used to inform the design of treatment programs that seek to improve conversational success for people with aphasia. C1 Univ Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309 USA. RP Ramsberger, G (reprint author), Univ Colorado, Campus Box 409, Boulder, CO 80309 USA. CR Atkinson Maxwell, 1984, STRUCTURES SOCIAL AC Booth S, 1999, APHASIOLOGY, V13, P283 CAMPBELL DT, 1959, PSYCHOL BULL, V56, P81, DOI 10.1037/h0046016 Crocker L., 1986, INTRO CLASSICAL MODE CROCKFORD C, 1994, EUR J DISORDER COMM, V29, P165 Damico JS, 1999, APHASIOLOGY, V13, P667 Doyle P. J., 1995, AM J SPEECH-LANG PAT, V4, P130 Doyle P. J., 1996, AM J SPEECH-LANG PAT, V5, P53, DOI 10.1044/1058-0360.0503.53 Doyle PJ, 1998, APHASIOLOGY, V12, P561, DOI 10.1080/02687039808249558 Doyle PJ, 2000, APHASIOLOGY, V14, P537 GOODWIN C, 1995, RES LANG SOC INTERAC, V28, P233, DOI 10.1207/s15327973rlsi2803_4 Hedberg N, 1993, ANAL STORYTELLING SK Heeschen C, 1999, APHASIOLOGY, V13, P365 HELMESTABROOKS N, 1992, APHASIA DIAGNOSTIC P Heritage J, 1984, GARFINKEL ETHNOMETHO, P233 Hesketh A, 1999, APHASIOLOGY, V13, P239 Holland A. L., 1999, COMMUNICATION ACTIVI Kagan A, 1995, TOP STROKE REHABIL, V2, P15 Kertesz A., 1982, W APHASIA BATTERY Lasker J, 1999, APHASIOLOGY, V13, P857 Lyon J. G., 1998, APPROACHES TREATMENT, P203 MARSH HW, 1983, J EDUC MEAS, V20, P231, DOI 10.1111/j.1745-3984.1983.tb00202.x MENN L, 1994, APHASIOLOGY, V8, P343, DOI 10.1080/02687039408248664 Messick S., 1989, ED MEASUREMENT, P13 Nicholas Linda E., 1995, Journal of Speech and Hearing Research, V38, P145 NICHOLAS LE, 1993, J SPEECH HEAR RES, V36, P338 Oelschlaeger ML, 1998, CLIN LINGUIST PHONET, V12, P459, DOI 10.3109/02699209808985238 Oelschlaeger ML, 1999, J SPEECH LANG HEAR R, V42, P636 OPPENHEIMER J, 1989, I LOVE LUCY OPPENHEIMER J, 1990, I LOVE LUCY OPPENHEIMER J, 1991, I LOVE LUCY PERKINS L, 1995, EUR J DISORDER COMM, V30, P372 SCHEGLOFF EA, 1988, LINGUISTICS CONTEXT SIMMONSMACKIE N, 1993, THESIS LOUISIANA STA Wilkinson R, 1999, APHASIOLOGY, V13, P327, DOI 10.1080/026870399402127 YORKSTON KM, 1980, J SPEECH HEAR DISORD, V45, P27 NR 36 TC 12 Z9 13 PU PSYCHOLOGY PRESS PI HOVE PA 27 CHURCH RD, HOVE BN3 2FA, EAST SUSSEX, ENGLAND SN 0268-7038 J9 APHASIOLOGY JI Aphasiology PD MAR PY 2002 VL 16 IS 3 BP 337 EP 353 DI 10.1080/02687040143000636 PG 17 WC Clinical Neurology SC Neurosciences & Neurology GA 525ZU UT WOS:000174104600005 ER PT J AU Friedman, RB Lott, SN AF Friedman, RB Lott, SN TI Successful blending in a phonological reading treatment for deep alexia SO APHASIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID CONTINUUM AB Background: Patients with deep alexia have great difficulty reading pseudowords, indicating an impairment in phonological reading. One method that has been used in attempting to retrain phonologic reading is to teach the patient to sound out words using grapheme-to-phoneme correspondence rules. Most of these studies found that the patients could learn the individual correspondences, but then could not blend them together in order to read words. Previous studies have reported that both children learning to read and patients with phonologic alexia are more successful blending syllables, rather than individual phonemes, into words. This may be due to the fact that phonemes are pronounced differently in isolation than they are in context. Aims: The hypothesis of the current study is that patients will be successful blending letter-to-sound correspondences into words if those correspondences are trained in context rather than in isolation. Methods & Procedures: The correspondences were trained, therefore, as bigraph-phoneme correspondences, rather than as individual grapheme-phoneme correspondences (e. g., "pa''-/pae/ and "at''-/aet/, rather than "p''-(sic)/p, "a''-/ae/ and "t''-/t(sic)). The study followed a single-subject multiple baseline design in which three sets of bigraphs, and words composed of those trained bigraphs, were trained sequentially. Two subjects with deep alexia participated in the study. Outcomes & Results: Subjects LR and KT successfully blended trained bigraphs in order to read both trained and untrained words that were composed of the trained bigraphs. Conclusions: It is suggested that the patients are learning a new means of decoding words, and that the underlying phonologic processing deficit remains. In terms of clinical application, the bigraph approach offers a viable alternative approach for re-training reading for those patients who are unable to blend individual phonemes into words. C1 Georgetown Univ, Med Ctr, Washington, DC 20007 USA. Natl Rehabil Hosp, Res Ctr, Washington, DC USA. RP Friedman, RB (reprint author), Bldg D,Room 207E,4000 Reservoir Rd NW, Washington, DC 20007 USA. CR Abboud H., 1991, SUPERLAB BEAUVOIS MF, 1979, J NEUROL NEUROSUR PS, V42, P1115, DOI 10.1136/jnnp.42.12.1115 BERNDT RS, 1994, COGNITIVE NEUROPSYCH, P763 Berndt RS, 1996, COGNITIVE NEUROPSYCH, V13, P763, DOI 10.1080/026432996381809 Coltheart M., 1980, DEEP DYSLEXIA, P22 Coltheart M., 1980, DEEP DYSLEXIA COLTHEART M, 1996, COGNITIVE NEUROPSYCH, V13 DEPARTZ MP, 1986, COGNITIVE NEUROPSYCH, V3, P149, DOI 10.1080/02643298608252674 Francis WN, 1982, FREQUENCY ANAL ENGLI Friedman RB, 1996, BRAIN LANG, V52, P114, DOI 10.1006/brln.1996.0006 FRIEDMAN RB, 1995, CORTEX, V31, P397 GLEITMAN LR, 1973, READ RES QUART, V8, P447, DOI 10.2307/747169 GLOSSER G, 1990, CORTEX, V26, P343 Goodglass H, 1983, ASSESSMENT APHASIA R, V2nd LAINE M, 1990, CLIN NEUROPSYCHOLOGY, P80 LaPointe L., 1984, READING COMPREHENSIO Mitchum C. C., 1991, J NEUROLINGUIST, V6, P103, DOI 10.1016/0911-6044(91)90003-2 NICKELS L, 1992, COGNITIVE NEUROPSYCH, V9, P155, DOI 10.1080/02643299208252057 NR 18 TC 14 Z9 14 PU PSYCHOLOGY PRESS PI HOVE PA 27 CHURCH RD, HOVE BN3 2FA, EAST SUSSEX, ENGLAND SN 0268-7038 J9 APHASIOLOGY JI Aphasiology PD MAR PY 2002 VL 16 IS 3 BP 355 EP 372 DI 10.1080/02687040143000627 PG 18 WC Clinical Neurology SC Neurosciences & Neurology GA 525ZU UT WOS:000174104600006 ER PT J AU Nickels, L AF Nickels, L TI Theoretical and methodological issues in the cognitive neuropsychology of spoken word production SO APHASIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID ACCESSING LEXICAL REPRESENTATIONS; GRAMMATICAL GENDER; SPEECH PRODUCTION; SEMANTIC ERRORS; APHASIA; OUTPUT; TIP; INFORMATION; RECOGNITION; RETRIEVAL AB This paper reviews the "state of the art'' in the cognitive neuropsychology of spoken word production. It first examines current theoretical issues, specifically addressing the questions: How many levels of processing are there in word production? How does activation flow between levels of processing? What is the relationship between spoken word production and other aspects of language processing? What is the relationship between phonology for lexical and non-lexical forms? The discussion then turns to methodological issues in cognitive neuropsychology, contrasting group, case series, and single case study approaches. Finally, a detailed examination is made of different types of case series approach. C1 Macquarie Univ, Macquarie Ctr Cognit Sci, Sydney, NSW 2109, Australia. RP Nickels, L (reprint author), Macquarie Univ, Macquarie Ctr Cognit Sci, Sydney, NSW 2109, Australia. CR BADECKER W, 1995, COGNITION, V57, P193, DOI 10.1016/0010-0277(95)00663-J BEAUVOIS MF, 1982, PHILOS T ROY SOC B, V298, P35, DOI 10.1098/rstb.1982.0070 Behrmann M, 1998, COGN NEUROPSYCHOL, V15, P7, DOI 10.1080/026432998381212 BEST W, 2000, SEMANTIC PROCESSING Best W, 1996, COGNITIVE NEUROPSYCH, V13, P443, DOI 10.1080/026432996381971 Bird H, 2000, BRAIN LANG, V72, P246, DOI 10.1006/brln.2000.2292 BUTTERWORTH B, 1992, COGNITION, V42, P261, DOI 10.1016/0010-0277(92)90045-J CAPLAN D, 1986, COGNITIVE NEUROPSYCH, V3, P99, DOI 10.1080/02643298608252671 Caramazza A, 1998, COGNITION, V69, P231 CARAMAZZA A, 1991, NATURE, V349, P788, DOI 10.1038/349788a0 Caramazza A, 1997, COGNITION, V64, P309, DOI 10.1016/S0010-0277(97)00031-0 Caramazza A, 1997, COGNITIVE NEUROPSYCH, V14, P177, DOI 10.1080/026432997381664 CARAMAZZA A, 1988, COGNITIVE NEUROPSYCH, V5, P517, DOI 10.1080/02643298808253271 Coltheart M, 2001, PSYCHOL REV, V108, P204, DOI 10.1037//0033-295X.108.1.204 DELL GS, 1986, PSYCHOL REV, V93, P283, DOI 10.1037//0033-295X.93.3.283 Dell GS, 1997, PSYCHOL REV, V104, P801, DOI 10.1037/0033-295X.104.4.801 Ellis A. W., 1988, HUMAN COGNITIVE NEUR Hartley T, 1996, J MEM LANG, V35, P1, DOI 10.1006/jmla.1996.0001 HILLIS AE, 1991, BRAIN LANG, V40, P106, DOI 10.1016/0093-934X(91)90119-L HILLIS AE, 1995, COGNITIVE NEUROPSYCH, V12, P187, DOI 10.1080/02643299508251996 HILLIS AE, 2001, HDB COGNITIVE NEUROP HILLIS AE, 1995, MEMORY, V3, P333, DOI 10.1080/09658219508253156 Howard D., 1988, MISSING MEANING Kay J., 1992, PSYCHOLINGUISTIC ASS Leach C., 1979, INTRO STAT NONPARAME LEVELT W, 1989, SPEAKING INTENTION A Levelt WJM, 1999, BEHAV BRAIN SCI, V22, P61, DOI 10.1017/S0140525X99451775 Levelt WJM, 1999, BEHAV BRAIN SCI, V22, P1 MCCLOSKEY M, 1988, COGNITIVE NEUROPSYCH, V5, P583, DOI 10.1080/02643298808253276 MCCLOSKEY M, 2001, HDB COGNITIVE NEUROP Miozzo M., 1997, J EXPT PSYCHOL LEARN, V23, P1 Morton J., 1970, MODELS HUMAN MEMORY MORTON J, 1985, CURRENT PERSPECTIVES Morton J., 1980, DEEP DYSLEXIA Nickels L, 1997, BRAIN LANG, V56, P161, DOI 10.1006/brln.1997.1732 Nickels L, 1999, CLIN LINGUIST PHONET, V13, P269 Nickels L, 2000, ASPECTS LANGUAGE PRO Nickels L., 1997, SPOKEN WORD PRODUCTI NICKELS L, 1995, NEUROPSYCHOLOGIA, V33, P1281, DOI 10.1016/0028-3932(95)00102-9 Nickels L., 2001, HDB COGNITIVE NEUROP NICKELS L, 1994, COGNITIVE NEUROPSYCH, V11, P289, DOI 10.1080/02643299408251977 NICKELS L, 1995, CORTEX, V31, P209 NICKELS L, 1995, LANG COGNITIVE PROC, V10, P13, DOI 10.1080/01690969508407086 NICKELS LA, 1992, THESIS U LONDON Pate D. S., 1987, LANG COGNITIVE PROC, V2, P43, DOI 10.1080/01690968708406351 Patterson K. E., 1987, COGNITIVE NEUROPSYCH Rapp B, 2000, PSYCHOL REV, V107, P460, DOI 10.1037/0033-295X.107.3.460 Rapp B., 2001, HDB COGNITIVE NEUROP Rapp B, 1997, COGNITIVE NEUROPSYCH, V14, P71 Roelofs A, 1998, COGNITION, V69, P219 Roelofs A, 1997, LANG COGNITIVE PROC, V12, P657, DOI 10.1080/016909697386655 Shallice T, 2000, COGN NEUROPSYCHOL, V17, P517, DOI 10.1080/02643290050110638 SHATTUCKHUFNAGE.S, 1979, SENTENCE PROCESSING SHATTUCKHUFNAGE.S, 1987, MOTOR SENSORY PROCES Stemberger J. P., 1985, PROGR PSYCHOL LANGUA, V1 Vigliocco G, 1997, PSYCHOL SCI, V8, P314, DOI 10.1111/j.1467-9280.1997.tb00444.x Vigliocco G, 1999, J MEM LANG, V40, P534, DOI 10.1006/jmla.1998.2626 WARREN C, 1982, BRIT J PSYCHOL, V73, P117 NR 58 TC 27 Z9 29 PU PSYCHOLOGY PRESS PI HOVE PA 27 CHURCH RD, HOVE BN3 2FA, EAST SUSSEX, ENGLAND SN 0268-7038 J9 APHASIOLOGY JI Aphasiology PD JAN-FEB PY 2002 VL 16 IS 1-2 BP 3 EP 19 DI 10.1080/02687040143000645 PG 17 WC Clinical Neurology SC Neurosciences & Neurology GA 521NU UT WOS:000173847700001 ER PT J AU Goldrick, M Rapp, B AF Goldrick, M Rapp, B TI A restricted interaction account (RIA) of spoken word production: The best of both worlds SO APHASIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID SPREADING-ACTIVATION THEORY; SPEECH PRODUCTION; LEXICAL ACCESS; LANGUAGE PRODUCTION; NAMING ERRORS; SENTENCE PRODUCTION; FORMAL PARAPHASIAS; MENTAL LEXICON; MODELS; APHASIA AB Theories of spoken word production generally assume that mapping from conceptual representations (e. g., [furry, feline, domestic]) to phonemes (e. g., /k/, /ae/, /t/) involves both a meaning-based process and a sound-based process. A central question in this framework is how these two processes interact with one another. Two theories that occupy extreme positions on the continuum of interactivity are reviewed: a highly discrete position (e. g., Levelt, Roelofs, & Meyer, 1999), in which the two processes occur virtually independently; and a highly interactive position (e. g., Dell et al., 1997) in which the two processes exert considerable mutual influence over one another. Critical examination of the empirical data reveals that neither position can account for the full range of findings. An alternative position, the restricted interaction account (RIA), is described. By combining aspects of both highly discrete and highly interactive accounts, RIA can account for the existing empirical data, as well as for more recent challenges to interactive accounts. C1 Johns Hopkins Univ, Dept Cognit Sci, Baltimore, MD 21218 USA. RP Goldrick, M (reprint author), Johns Hopkins Univ, Dept Cognit Sci, Baltimore, MD 21218 USA. RI Goldrick, Matthew/E-8516-2012 CR Abd-El-Jawad H., 1987, LANG SCI, V9, P145, DOI 10.1016/S0388-0001(87)80017-7 Arnaud PJL, 1999, APPL PSYCHOLINGUIST, V20, P269 BAARS BJ, 1975, J VERB LEARN VERB BE, V14, P382, DOI 10.1016/S0022-5371(75)80017-X Beland R., 1990, J NEUROLINGUIST, V5, P125, DOI 10.1016/0911-6044(90)90009-N BELAND R, 1991, PHONETICS PHONOLOGY, V2, P201 BERG T, 1992, APPL PSYCHOLINGUIST, V13, P199, DOI 10.1017/S0142716400005567 Best W, 1996, COGNITIVE NEUROPSYCH, V13, P443, DOI 10.1080/026432996381971 Blanken G, 1998, COGNITIVE NEUROPSYCH, V15, P321, DOI 10.1080/026432998381122 BLANKEN G, 1990, BRAIN LANG, V38, P534, DOI 10.1016/0093-934X(90)90136-5 BREDART S, 1992, COGNITION, V45, P187, DOI 10.1016/0010-0277(92)90017-C Butterworth B., 1989, LEXICAL REPRESENTATI, P108 CAPLAN D, 1987, MOTOR SENSORY PROCES, P111 CAPLAN D, 1995, BRAIN LANG, V48, P191, DOI 10.1006/brln.1995.1009 CAPLAN D, 1986, COGNITIVE NEUROPSYCH, V3, P99, DOI 10.1080/02643298608252671 Caramazza A, 2000, BRAIN LANG, V75, P428, DOI 10.1006/brln.2000.2379 Caramazza A, 1997, COGNITIVE NEUROPSYCH, V14, P177, DOI 10.1080/026432997381664 de Smedt K., 1987, Natural Language Generation: New Results in Artificial Intelligence, Psychology and Linguistics. Proceedings of the NATO Advanced Research Workshop DELL GS, 1981, J VERB LEARN VERB BE, V20, P611, DOI 10.1016/S0022-5371(81)90202-4 DELL GS, 1990, LANG COGNITIVE PROC, V5, P313, DOI 10.1080/01690969008407066 DELL GS, 1991, PSYCHOL REV, V98, P604, DOI 10.1037/0033-295X.98.4.604 DELL GS, 1992, COGNITION, V42, P287, DOI 10.1016/0010-0277(92)90046-K DELL GS, 1986, PSYCHOL REV, V93, P283, DOI 10.1037//0033-295X.93.3.283 Dell GS, 1997, PSYCHOL REV, V104, P801, DOI 10.1037/0033-295X.104.4.801 ell G. S., 1980, ERRORS LINGUISTIC PE, P273 FAY D, 1977, LINGUIST INQ, V8, P505 Foygel D, 2000, J MEM LANG, V43, P182, DOI 10.1006/jmla.2000.2716 Gagnon DA, 1997, BRAIN LANG, V59, P450, DOI 10.1006/brln.1997.1792 DELVISO S, 1991, J PSYCHOLINGUIST RES, V20, P161 Garrett M., 1982, NORMALITY PATHOLOGY, P19 Garrett M. F., 1976, NEW APPROACHES LANGU, P231 GOLDRICK M, 2000, 2 INT C MENT LEX MON GOLDRICK M, 1999, BRAIN LANG, V59, P367 HARLEY TA, 1993, LANG COGNITIVE PROC, V8, P291, DOI 10.1080/01690969308406957 Harley T. A., 1995, CONNECTIONIST MODELS, P311 HARLEY TA, 1984, COGNITIVE SCI, V8, P191 HARLEY TA, 1995, LANG COGNITIVE PROC, V10, P47, DOI 10.1080/01690969508407087 HILLIS AE, 1990, COGNITIVE NEUROPSYCH, V7, P191, DOI 10.1080/02643299008253442 Hillis AE, 1999, NEUROLOGY, V53, P1813 Igoa JM, 1996, LANGUAGE PROCESSING, P305 KELLY MH, 1999, BEHAV BRAIN SCI, V23, P49 KELLY MH, 1992, PSYCHOL REV, V99, P349, DOI 10.1037/0033-295X.99.2.349 KOHN SE, 1994, APPL PSYCHOLINGUIST, V15, P75, DOI 10.1017/S0142716400006986 LAVER J, 1969, WORK PROGR, V3 Laver J. D. M., 1980, ERRORS LINGUISTIC PE, P287 LEUNINGER H, 1994, LINGUISTICS COGNITIV, P83 LEVELT W, 1989, SPEAKING INTENTION A LEVELT WJM, 1991, PSYCHOL REV, V98, P122, DOI 10.1037//0033-295X.98.1.122 LEVELT WJM, 1992, COGNITION, V42, P1, DOI 10.1016/0010-0277(92)90038-J Levelt WJM, 1999, BEHAV BRAIN SCI, V22, P1 LEVELT WJM, 1983, COGNITION, V14, P41, DOI 10.1016/0010-0277(83)90026-4 MARTIN N, 1989, J MEM LANG, V28, P462, DOI 10.1016/0749-596X(89)90022-3 MARTIN N, 1994, BRAIN LANG, V47, P609, DOI 10.1006/brln.1994.1061 Martin N, 1996, LANG COGNITIVE PROC, V11, P257, DOI 10.1080/016909696387187 MATTSON ME, 1992, EXPT SLIPS HUMAN ERR, P263 NEWSOME MR, 2000, LEXICAL VERSUS SEGME NICKELS L, 2000, HDB COGNITIVE NEUROP, P271 Nickels L., 1997, SPOKEN WORD PRODUCTI NICKELS L, 1995, CORTEX, V31, P209 NICKELS L, 1995, LANG COGNITIVE PROC, V10, P13, DOI 10.1080/01690969508407086 Nooteboom S. G., 1969, LEYDEN STUDIES LINGU, P114 Peterson RR, 1998, J EXP PSYCHOL LEARN, V24, P539, DOI 10.1037//0278-7393.24.3.539 PLAUT DC, 1993, COGNITIVE NEUROPSYCH, V10, P377, DOI 10.1080/02643299308253469 Postma A, 2000, COGNITION, V77, P97, DOI 10.1016/S0010-0277(00)00090-1 Rapp B, 2000, PSYCHOL REV, V107, P460, DOI 10.1037/0033-295X.107.3.460 Rapp B, 1997, COGNITIVE NEUROPSYCH, V14, P71 Rapp B, 1998, NEUROCASE, V4, P127, DOI 10.1093/neucas/4.2.127 ROELOFS A, 1992, COGNITION, V42, P107, DOI 10.1016/0010-0277(92)90041-F Roelofs A, 1997, COGNITION, V64, P249, DOI 10.1016/S0010-0277(97)00027-9 Shallice T., 1978, ATTENTION PERFORM, P193 SNODGRASS JG, 1980, J EXP PSYCHOL-HUM L, V6, P174, DOI 10.1037/0278-7393.6.2.174 Starreveld PA, 2000, J MEM LANG, V42, P497, DOI 10.1006/jmla.1999.2693 Stemberger J. P., 1985, PROGR PSYCHOL LANGUA, V1, P143 WILSHIRE CE, 1996, COGNITIVE NEUROPSYCH, V13, P1058 NR 73 TC 32 Z9 32 PU PSYCHOLOGY PRESS PI HOVE PA 27 CHURCH RD, HOVE BN3 2FA, EAST SUSSEX, ENGLAND SN 0268-7038 J9 APHASIOLOGY JI Aphasiology PD JAN-FEB PY 2002 VL 16 IS 1-2 BP 20 EP 55 DI 10.1080/02687040143000203 PG 36 WC Clinical Neurology SC Neurosciences & Neurology GA 521NU UT WOS:000173847700002 ER PT J AU Ralph, MAL Moriarty, L Sage, K AF Ralph, MAL Moriarty, L Sage, K CA York Speech Therapy Interest Grp TI Anomia is simply a reflection of semantic and phonological impairments: Evidence from a case-series study SO APHASIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID PROGRESSIVE FLUENT APHASIA; WORD MEANING BLINDNESS; SPEECH PRODUCTION; LEXICAL ACCESS; LANGUAGE PRODUCTION; VISUAL COMPLEXITY; CLASSICAL ANEMIA; DYSLEXIA; MODELS; COMPREHENSION AB A number of recent studies have attempted to explain patterns of normal and impaired performance in a variety of different language tasks with respect to the same set of "primary'' systems rather than resorting to explanations in terms of dedicated processes, specific to each and every language activity. In this study we consider whether the same approach can be taken to patterns of impaired single-word speech production. Specifically, using cross-sectional data from 21 aphasic patients we tested the hypothesis that the degree and nature of anomia can be explained using independently derived measures of the integrity of the patients' phonological and semantic/conceptual representations, without postulating a role for an abstract lexical level of representation. At a global level, we found that these two measures explained 55-80% of the variance in the patients' naming accuracy, a figure which approaches that found for test reliability. There was also a close fit between observed and expected naming accuracy for all individual patients. The same two measures also predicted the rate of different types of anomic error across individuals. Measures intended to assess lexical integrity did not explain any additional, unique variance in naming accuracy. We discuss these results and the theoretical approach with respect to existing theories of speech production, and evaluate the case-series methodology itself, both as a tool to reveal the underpinnings of speech production and as a neuropsychological technique in general. C1 Univ Manchester, Dept Psychol, Manchester M13 9PL, Lancs, England. MRC, Cognit & Brain Sci Unit, Cambridge, England. Sheffield Speech & Language Therapy Agcy, Sheffield, S Yorkshire, England. RP Ralph, MAL (reprint author), Univ Manchester, Dept Psychol, Oxford Rd, Manchester M13 9PL, Lancs, England. RI Lambon Ralph, Matthew/A-1695-2009 CR Behrmann M, 1998, NEUROPSYCHOLOGIA, V36, P1115, DOI 10.1016/S0028-3932(98)00005-0 Behrmann M, 1998, COGN NEUROPSYCHOL, V15, P7, DOI 10.1080/026432998381212 Bozeat S, 2000, NEUROPSYCHOLOGIA, V38, P1207, DOI 10.1016/S0028-3932(00)00034-8 BUTTERWORTH B, 1992, COGNITION, V42, P261, DOI 10.1016/0010-0277(92)90045-J BUTTERWORTH B, 1984, NEUROPSYCHOLOGIA, V22, P409, DOI 10.1016/0028-3932(84)90036-8 Butterworth B, 1989, LEXICAL REPRESENTATI Caramazza A, 1997, COGNITIVE NEUROPSYCH, V14, P177, DOI 10.1080/026432997381664 Chertkow H, 1997, BRAIN LANG, V58, P203, DOI 10.1006/brln.1997.1771 COLTHEART M, 1993, PSYCHOL REV, V100, P589, DOI 10.1037/0033-295X.100.4.589 Croot K, 1998, BRAIN LANG, V61, P226, DOI 10.1006/brln.1997.1852 DELL GS, 1992, COGNITION, V42, P287, DOI 10.1016/0010-0277(92)90046-K DELL GS, 1986, PSYCHOL REV, V93, P283, DOI 10.1037//0033-295X.93.3.283 DELL GS, 1993, COGNITIVE SCI, V17, P149, DOI 10.1016/0364-0213(93)90010-6 Dell GS, 1997, PSYCHOL REV, V104, P801, DOI 10.1037/0033-295X.104.4.801 Farah MJ, 1996, COGNITIVE NEUROPSYCH, V13, P849, DOI 10.1080/026432996381836 Foygel D, 2000, J MEM LANG, V43, P182, DOI 10.1006/jmla.2000.2716 Franklin S., 1992, ADA COMPREHENSION BA Franklin S, 1996, COGNITIVE NEUROPSYCH, V13, P1139, DOI 10.1080/026432996381683 FRANKLIN S, 1989, APHASIOLOGY, V3, P189, DOI 10.1080/02687038908248991 Friedman RB, 1996, BRAIN LANG, V52, P114, DOI 10.1006/brln.1996.0006 Gagnon DA, 1997, BRAIN LANG, V59, P450, DOI 10.1006/brln.1997.1792 Goodglass H, 1997, J Int Neuropsychol Soc, V3, P128 Graham K, 1995, NEUROCASE, V1, P25 GRAHAM KS, 1994, NEUROPSYCHOLOGIA, V32, P299, DOI 10.1016/0028-3932(94)90133-3 Graham NL, 2000, NEUROPSYCHOLOGIA, V38, P143, DOI 10.1016/S0028-3932(99)00060-3 Harm MW, 1999, PSYCHOL REV, V106, P491, DOI 10.1037//0033-295X.106.3.491 HODGES JR, 1992, BRAIN, V115, P1783, DOI 10.1093/brain/115.6.1783 Howard D., 1992, PYRAMIDS PALM TREES JESCHENIAK JD, 1994, J EXP PSYCHOL LEARN, V20, P824, DOI 10.1037/0278-7393.20.4.824 Joanisse MF, 1999, P NATL ACAD SCI USA, V96, P7592, DOI 10.1073/pnas.96.13.7592 Kaplan E, 1976, BOSTON NAMING TEST Kay J., 1992, PSYCHOLINGUISTIC ASS Ralph MAL, 2001, J COGNITIVE NEUROSCI, V13, P341, DOI 10.1162/08989290151137395 LEVELT W, 1989, SPEAKING INTENTION A LEVELT WJM, 1991, PSYCHOL REV, V98, P122, DOI 10.1037//0033-295X.98.1.122 LEVELT WJM, 1992, COGNITION, V42, P1, DOI 10.1016/0010-0277(92)90038-J Levelt WJM, 1999, BEHAV BRAIN SCI, V22, P1 MEYER AS, 1992, MEM COGNITION, V20, P715, DOI 10.3758/BF03202721 MEYER AS, 1992, COGNITION, V42, P181, DOI 10.1016/0010-0277(92)90043-H MORTON J, 1985, CURRENT PERSPECTIVES Neville HJ, 1998, CURR OPIN NEUROBIOL, V8, P254, DOI 10.1016/S0959-4388(98)80148-7 Nickels L., 1997, SPOKEN WORD PRODUCTI Patterson K, 1999, CURR OPIN NEUROBIOL, V9, P235, DOI 10.1016/S0959-4388(99)80033-6 Patterson K, 2001, NEUROPSYCHOLOGIA, V39, P709, DOI 10.1016/S0028-3932(01)00008-2 Patterson K, 1996, COGNITIVE NEUROPSYCH, V13, P803, DOI 10.1080/026432996381818 PATTERSON K, 1992, NEUROPSYCHOLOGIA, V30, P1025, DOI 10.1016/0028-3932(92)90096-5 Pinker Steven, 1999, WORDS RULES INGREDIE Plaut David C., 1999, EMERGENCE LANGUAGE PLAUT DC, 1999, CONNECTIONIST MODELS Plaut DC, 1997, LANG COGNITIVE PROC, V12, P765, DOI 10.1080/016909697386682 PLAUT DC, 1993, COGNITIVE NEUROPSYCH, V10, P377, DOI 10.1080/02643299308253469 Plaut DC, 1996, PSYCHOL REV, V103, P56, DOI 10.1037/0033-295X.103.1.56 Ralph MAL, 1998, BRAIN LANG, V64, P339 Ralph MAL, 2000, NEUROPSYCHOLOGIA, V38, P186 Ralph MAL, 1996, COGNITIVE NEUROPSYCH, V13, P617, DOI 10.1080/026432996381863 Ralph MAL, 1998, COGNITIVE NEUROPSYCH, V15, P389 Riddoch M. J., 1992, BIRMINGHAM OBJECT RE Rumelhart D. E., 1986, PARALLEL DISTRIBUTED, V2 Seidenberg M. S., 1999, EMERGENCE LANGUAGE Seidenberg MS, 1997, SCIENCE, V275, P1599, DOI 10.1126/science.275.5306.1599 SEIDENBERG MS, 1989, PSYCHOL REV, V96, P523, DOI 10.1037/0033-295X.96.4.523 Shallice T., 1988, NEUROPSYCHOLOGY MENT SNODGRASS JG, 1980, J EXP PSYCHOL-HUM L, V6, P174, DOI 10.1037/0278-7393.6.2.174 Ullman MT, 1997, J COGNITIVE NEUROSCI, V9, P266, DOI 10.1162/jocn.1997.9.2.266 NR 64 TC 42 Z9 42 PU PSYCHOLOGY PRESS PI HOVE PA 27 CHURCH RD, HOVE BN3 2FA, EAST SUSSEX, ENGLAND SN 0268-7038 J9 APHASIOLOGY JI Aphasiology PD JAN-FEB PY 2002 VL 16 IS 1-2 BP 56 EP 82 DI 10.1080/02687040143000448 PG 27 WC Clinical Neurology SC Neurosciences & Neurology GA 521NU UT WOS:000173847700003 ER PT J AU Berndt, RS Burton, MW Haendiges, AN Mitchum, CC AF Berndt, RS Burton, MW Haendiges, AN Mitchum, CC TI Production of nouns and verbs in aphasia: Effects of elicitation context SO APHASIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID OPTIC APHASIA; SENTENCE PRODUCTION; NAMING PERFORMANCE; GRAMMATICAL CLASS; ANEMIC APHASIA; LEXICAL ACCESS; NEURAL SYSTEMS; PURE ANOMIA; RETRIEVAL; DEFICITS AB This study investigated the ability of 10 aphasic speakers and 9 normal controls to produce unambiguous, frequency-matched nouns and verbs in four elicitation conditions. Two auditory conditions included naming to definition and sentence completion; two picture conditions preceded the presentation of the picture with an auditory cue consisting of a question (what is the action shown here?) or a sentence completion (this is a picture of the action to...). Patients were grouped in terms of whether they demonstrated only word retrieval problems (anomia), or also showed difficulty with sentence comprehension and production. Contrary to expectations, there were no reliable effects of elicitation condition on performance. Although both groups of aphasic speakers found verbs more difficult than nouns to retrieve across conditions, the sentence production-impaired group showed a more severe impairment of verb production that was reliable for individual subjects. Results reinforce the importance of grammatical class as a factor in the word retrieval impairments found in aphasia. C1 Univ Maryland, Sch Med, Dept Neurol, Baltimore, MD 21201 USA. RP Berndt, RS (reprint author), Univ Maryland, Sch Med, Dept Neurol, 22 S Greene St, Baltimore, MD 21201 USA. CR Bastiaanse R, 1998, APHASIOLOGY, V12, P951, DOI 10.1080/02687039808249463 BEAUVOIS MF, 1982, PHILOS T ROY SOC B, V298, P35, DOI 10.1098/rstb.1982.0070 Berndt RS, 1996, COGNITION, V58, P289, DOI 10.1016/0010-0277(95)00682-6 BERNDT RS, 2001, HDB COGNITIVE NEUROP Berndt RS, 2000, J MEM LANG, V43, P249, DOI 10.1006/jmla.2000.2726 BERNDT RS, IN PRESS J NEUROLING Berndt RS, 1997, BRAIN LANG, V56, P107 Bird H, 2000, BRAIN LANG, V72, P246, DOI 10.1006/brln.2000.2292 BREEN K, 1994, CORTEX, V30, P231 Campbell R, 1996, BRAIN LANG, V53, P183, DOI 10.1006/brln.1996.0044 CARAMAZZA A, 1991, NATURE, V349, P788, DOI 10.1038/349788a0 Caramazza A, 1997, COGNITIVE NEUROPSYCH, V14, P177, DOI 10.1080/026432997381664 Chiarello C, 1999, BEHAV RES METH INS C, V31, P603, DOI 10.3758/BF03200739 Clark-Carter D., 1997, DOING QUANTITATIVE P COHEN J, 1993, BEHAV RES METH INSTR, V25, P257, DOI 10.3758/BF03204507 COLTHEART M, 1981, Q J EXP PSYCHOL-A, V33, P497 DAMASIO AR, 1993, P NATL ACAD SCI USA, V90, P4957, DOI 10.1073/pnas.90.11.4957 DANIELE A, 1993, ITAL J NEUROL SCI, V14, P87, DOI 10.1007/BF02339048 Dell GS, 1997, PSYCHOL REV, V104, P801, DOI 10.1037/0033-295X.104.4.801 Druks J, 2000, BRAIN LANG, V72, P100, DOI 10.1006/brln.1999.2165 Ferreira CT, 1997, CORTEX, V33, P499, DOI 10.1016/S0010-9452(08)70232-6 Francis WN, 1982, FREQUENCY ANAL ENGLI GILHOOLY KJ, 1980, BEHAV RES METH INSTR, V12, P395, DOI 10.3758/BF03201693 Goodglass H, 1983, ASSESSMENT APHASIA R, V2nd Goodglass H., 1993, UNDERSTANDING APHASI GOODGLASS H, 1979, CORTEX, V15, P199 GREENWALD ML, 1995, NEUROPSYCHOL REHABIL, V5, P17, DOI 10.1080/09602019508520174 Jonkers R, 1996, BRAIN LANG, V55, P37 Kaplan E, 1983, BOSTON NAMING TEST Kay J., 1992, PSYCHOLINGUISTIC ASS LEVELT W, 1989, SPEAKING INTENTION A MANNING L, 1992, NEUROPSYCHOLOGIA, V30, P587, DOI 10.1016/0028-3932(92)90061-P Marshall J, 1998, BRAIN LANG, V63, P159, DOI 10.1006/brln.1998.1949 McCall D, 1997, APHASIOLOGY, V11, P581, DOI 10.1080/02687039708248491 MEHTA C, 1991, STATXACT, V2 MICELI G, 1984, CORTEX, V20, P207 MIOZZO A, 1994, NEUROPSYCHOLOGIA, V32, P1101, DOI 10.1016/0028-3932(94)90156-2 Mitchum C. C., 1994, COGNITIVE NEUROPSYCH MITCHUM CC, 1995, COGNITIVE NEUROPSYCH, V12, P503, DOI 10.1080/02643299508252006 PAIVIO A, 1968, J EXP PSYCHOL, V76, P1, DOI 10.1037/h0025327 PLAUT DC, 1993, COGNITIVE NEUROPSYCH, V10, P377, DOI 10.1080/02643299308253469 RAYMER AM, 1993, APHASIOLOGY, V7, P27, DOI 10.1080/02687039308249498 SAFFRAN EM, 1988, PHILADELPHIA COMPREH Shelton JR, 1999, PSYCHON B REV, V6, P5, DOI 10.3758/BF03210809 SNODGRASS JG, 1980, J EXP PSYCHOL-HUM L, V6, P174, DOI 10.1037/0278-7393.6.2.174 Toglia M. P., 1978, HDB SEMANTIC WORD NO WILLIAMS SE, 1982, BRAIN LANG, V17, P92, DOI 10.1016/0093-934X(82)90007-4 ZINGESER LB, 1988, COGNITIVE NEUROPSYCH, V5, P473, DOI 10.1080/02643298808253270 ZINGESER LB, 1990, BRAIN LANG, V39, P14, DOI 10.1016/0093-934X(90)90002-X NR 49 TC 18 Z9 18 PU PSYCHOLOGY PRESS PI HOVE PA 27 CHURCH RD, HOVE BN3 2FA, EAST SUSSEX, ENGLAND SN 0268-7038 J9 APHASIOLOGY JI Aphasiology PD JAN-FEB PY 2002 VL 16 IS 1-2 BP 83 EP 106 DI 10.1080/02687040143000212 PG 24 WC Clinical Neurology SC Neurosciences & Neurology GA 521NU UT WOS:000173847700004 ER PT J AU Martin, N Saffran, EM AF Martin, N Saffran, EM TI The relationship of input and output phonological processing: An evaluation of models and evidence to support them SO APHASIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID SHORT-TERM-MEMORY; LEXICAL ACCESS; SELECTIVE IMPAIRMENT; LANGUAGE PRODUCTION; SPEECH PRODUCTION; DEEP DYSPHASIA; TIME COURSE; APHASIA; PARAPHASIAS; RETRIEVAL AB In this paper, we review studies of the relationship between input and output phonological processing and discuss the means by which an interactive activation model that assumes a single phonological network or functionally connected input and output phonological networks could account for apparent dissociations of these two pathways. Following this, we report data from 24 aphasic subjects with word processing deficits that indicate associations between input and output phonological processing. Input phonological measures correlated with output phonological measures, but not with output lexical-semantic measures. Input lexical-semantic measures did not significantly correlate with any of the output measures. We identified one subject, EF, who did not show this overall pattern. She performed well on two measures of phonological input processing (discrimination and rhyme judgements), but produced a high rate of phonological errors in picture naming. On an auditory lexical decision task, however, EF produced a high rate of false alarm errors (misperception of nonwords as words). False alarm errors have been attributed to a disturbance in input phonological processing. Consistent with this hypothesis, the rates of false alarm errors made by this group of subjects on the same auditory lexical decision task correlated with (1) input tasks that require maintaining activation of phonological representations and (2) a measure of output phonological processing (rates of phonologically related nonword errors in picture naming). These results are discussed with reference to current approaches to the study of input and output phonological processing and possible future investigations of this question. C1 Temple Univ, Philadelphia, PA 19122 USA. Moss Rehabil Res Inst, Philadelphia, PA USA. RP Martin, N (reprint author), Ctr Cognit Neurosci, Dept Neurol, 3401 N Broad St, Philadelphia, PA 19140 USA. EM nmartin@astro.ocis.temple.edu CR ALLPORT A, 1984, COGNITION MOTOR PROC, P209 BLANKEN G, 1990, BRAIN LANG, V38, P534, DOI 10.1016/0093-934X(90)90136-5 Blumstein S., 1991, ACQUIRED APHASIA, P151 BREEDIN SD, 1994, COGNITIVE NEUROPSYCH, V11, P617, DOI 10.1080/02643299408251987 BRYAN A, 1992, EUR J DISORDER COMM, V27, P343 Caplan D., 1992, CONDUCTION APHASIA, P117 CARAMAZZA A, 1990, CORTEX, V26, P95 CARAMAZZA A, 1983, BRAIN LANG, V18, P128, DOI 10.1016/0093-934X(83)90011-1 Chute D. L., 1990, MACLABORATORY PSYCHO DELL GS, 1992, COGNITION, V42, P287, DOI 10.1016/0010-0277(92)90046-K Dell GS, 2000, PSYCHOL REV, V107, P635, DOI 10.1037//0033-295X.107.3.635 DELL GS, 1986, PSYCHOL REV, V93, P283, DOI 10.1037//0033-295X.93.3.283 Dell GS, 1997, PSYCHOL REV, V104, P801, DOI 10.1037/0033-295X.104.4.801 Dunn L. M., 1981, PEABODY PICTURE VOCA Foygel D, 2000, J MEM LANG, V43, P182, DOI 10.1006/jmla.2000.2716 Francis WN, 1982, FREQUENCY ANAL ENGLI Goodglass H, 1983, ASSESSMENT APHASIA R, V2nd Gupta P, 1997, BRAIN LANG, V59, P267, DOI 10.1006/brln.1997.1819 HOWARD D, 1993, ATTENTION PERFORM, V14, P425 Howard D., 1988, MISSING MEANING COGN KROLL JF, 1986, J EXP PSYCHOL LEARN, V12, P92, DOI 10.1037/0278-7393.12.1.92 Leahy J., 1987, LANG COGNITIVE PROC, V2, P115, DOI 10.1080/01690968708406353 LEVELT WJM, 1991, PSYCHOL REV, V98, P122, DOI 10.1037//0033-295X.98.1.122 LEVELT WJM, 1983, COGNITION, V14, P41, DOI 10.1016/0010-0277(83)90026-4 MARTIN N, 2001, HDB ADULT LANGUAGE D Martin N, 1997, COGNITIVE NEUROPSYCH, V14, P641 MARTIN N, 1992, BRAIN LANG, V43, P240, DOI 10.1016/0093-934X(92)90130-7 MARTIN N, 1994, BRAIN LANG, V47, P609, DOI 10.1006/brln.1994.1061 MARTIN RC, 1994, J MEM LANG, V33, P83, DOI 10.1006/jmla.1994.1005 Martin RC, 1999, BRAIN LANG, V70, P437, DOI 10.1006/brln.1999.2184 Martin RC, 1999, J MEM LANG, V41, P3, DOI 10.1006/jmla.1999.2637 MICELI G, 1980, BRAIN LANG, V11, P159, DOI 10.1016/0093-934X(80)90117-0 MILBERG W, 1988, BRAIN LANG, V34, P279, DOI 10.1016/0093-934X(88)90139-3 Monsell S., 1987, LANGUAGE PERCEPTION, P273 Nickels L, 1997, BRAIN LANG, V56, P161, DOI 10.1006/brln.1997.1732 NICKELS L, 1995, CORTEX, V31, P209 Peters N, 1998, NEUROPATH APPL NEURO, V24, P3 Plaut DC, 1999, CARN S COGN, P381 Roach A., 1996, CLIN APHASIOLOGY, V24, P121 ROMANI C, 1992, LANG COGNITIVE PROC, V7, P131, DOI 10.1080/01690969208409382 SAFFRAN EM, 1988, PHILADELPHIA COMPREH SCHRIEFERS H, 1990, J MEM LANG, V29, P86, DOI 10.1016/0749-596X(90)90011-N Shallice T, 2000, COGN NEUROPSYCHOL, V17, P517, DOI 10.1080/02643290050110638 Shallice T., 1988, NEUROPSYCHOLOGY MENT Shallice T, 1979, J CLIN NEUROPSYCHOLO, V1, P183, DOI DOI 10.1080/01688637908414450 SHALLICE T, 1985, Q J EXP PSYCHOL-A, V37, P507 WARRINGTON EK, 1981, BRIT J PSYCHOL, V72, P175 NR 47 TC 35 Z9 35 PU PSYCHOLOGY PRESS PI HOVE PA 27 CHURCH RD, HOVE BN3 2FA, EAST SUSSEX, ENGLAND SN 0268-7038 J9 APHASIOLOGY JI Aphasiology PD JAN-FEB PY 2002 VL 16 IS 1-2 BP 107 EP 150 DI 10.1080/02687040143000447 PG 44 WC Clinical Neurology SC Neurosciences & Neurology GA 521NU UT WOS:000173847700005 ER PT J AU Best, W Herbert, R Hickin, J Osborne, F Howard, D AF Best, W Herbert, R Hickin, J Osborne, F Howard, D TI Phonological and orthographic facilitation of word-retrieval in aphasia: Immediate and delayed effects SO APHASIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID LANGUAGE PRODUCTION; LEXICAL ACCESS; TIME COURSE; SPEECH PRODUCTION; INTERFERENCE; REPETITION; THERAPY; ANEMIA; LOCUS; TIP AB In the literature on repetition priming of word-production in normal participants, long-lasting effects can be found from a single prime. This contrasts with the findings with adults with anomia (as part of their aphasia) where phonological cues, such as first sound or rhyme, have been shown to have very short-lasting effects on word retrieval (Patterson, Purell, & Morton, 1983). In addition, the research into treatment of anomia suggests that semantic techniques produce longer-lasting effects than phonological techniques (Howard et al., 1985b). One difference between phonological and semantic techniques is in the element of choice available. Typically phonological cues are simply provided. This contrasts with semantic techniques where a choice is available, for example selecting from a set of pictures to match a word. This study, using a case series design, set out to replicate the finding, that phonological techniques have only short-lasting effects on word retrieval in aphasia and to investigate the influence of providing a choice of cues. Items that participants with aphasia were unable to name after 5 seconds were allocated to one of three conditions: extra time (control condition), single cue, and choice of two cues. Naming was assessed immediately and at a delay (over 10 minutes later). Four different cue types were used: whole word, spoken CV, written CV, and rime. The results were surprising. The cues influenced immediate naming, as predicted. However, this effect was still significant a delayed naming. Additionally, the benefits from a choice of cues were generally similar to those from a single cue. Different patterns of cue effectiveness were found for different participants. Further investigations shed some light on the mechanisms of cueing, orthographic cueing in particular. C1 UCL, Dept Human Commun Sci, London WC1N 1PF, England. Univ London Birkbeck Coll, London WC1E 7HX, England. Univ Newcastle Upon Tyne, Newcastle Upon Tyne NE1 7RU, Tyne & Wear, England. RP Best, W (reprint author), UCL, Dept Human Commun Sci, Chandler House,Wakefield St, London WC1N 1PF, England. CR BARRY C, 1991, BRIT APH SOC C SHEFF BROWN AS, 1991, PSYCHOL BULL, V109, P204, DOI 10.1037//0033-2909.109.2.204 BRUCE C, 1988, NEUROPSYCHOLOGIA, V26, P253, DOI 10.1016/0028-3932(88)90078-4 Cave CB, 1997, PSYCHOL SCI, V8, P322, DOI 10.1111/j.1467-9280.1997.tb00446.x *CELEX CTR LEX INF, 1993, CELEX DAT Davis A., 1991, NEUROPSYCHOL REHABIL, V1, P135, DOI 10.1080/09602019108401387 Dell GS, 1997, PSYCHOL REV, V104, P801, DOI 10.1037/0033-295X.104.4.801 ELLIS AW, 1985, PROGR PSYCHOL LANGUA, V2 ELLIS AW, IN PRESS J EXPT PSYC Franklin S., 1992, ADA COMPREHENSION BA HICKIN J, IN PRESS APHASIOLOGY HOWARD D, 1985, BRAIN, V108, P817 HOWARD D, 1985, COGNITIVE NEUROPSYCH, V2, P49, DOI 10.1080/02643298508252861 Howard D., 1992, PYRAMIDS PALM TREES Howard D, 1998, APHASIOLOGY, V12, P399, DOI 10.1080/02687039808249540 Laine M, 1996, BRAIN LANG, V53, P283, DOI 10.1006/brln.1996.0050 Leach C., 1979, INTRO STAT NONPARAME LEVELT W, 1989, SPEAKING INTENTION A Levelt WJM, 1999, BEHAV BRAIN SCI, V22, P1 MARSLENWILSON WD, 1987, COGNITION, V25, P71, DOI 10.1016/0010-0277(87)90005-9 Martelli MF, 2000, NEUROREHABILITATION, V14, P1 Meddis R., 1984, STAT USING RANKS UNI MEYER AS, 1991, J MEM LANG, V30, P69, DOI 10.1016/0749-596X(91)90011-8 MEYER AS, 1991, J EXP PSYCHOL LEARN, V17, P1146, DOI 10.1037/0278-7393.17.6.1146 MEYER AS, 1990, J MEM LANG, V29, P524, DOI 10.1016/0749-596X(90)90050-A Miceli G, 1996, BRAIN LANG, V52, P150, DOI 10.1006/brln.1996.0008 Monsell S., 1987, LANGUAGE PERCEPTION MONSELL S, 1992, Q J EXP PSYCHOL-A, V44, P763 MORTON J, 1985, CURRENT PERSPECTIVES Nickels L, 1996, APHASIOLOGY, V10, P21, DOI 10.1080/02687039608248397 NICKELS L, 1992, COGNITIVE NEUROPSYCH, V9, P155, DOI 10.1080/02643299208252057 Osborne F, 1998, Int J Lang Commun Disord, V33 Suppl, P208 Parr S., 1997, TALKING APHASIA Patterson K., 1983, APHASIA THERAPY Peterson RR, 1998, J EXP PSYCHOL LEARN, V24, P539, DOI 10.1037//0278-7393.24.3.539 Ralph MAL, 2000, NEUROPSYCHOLOGIA, V38, P186 Rapp B, 2000, PSYCHOL REV, V107, P460, DOI 10.1037/0033-295X.107.3.460 SCHRIEFERS H, 1990, J MEM LANG, V29, P86, DOI 10.1016/0749-596X(90)90011-N STUART M, 1995, BRIT J EDUC PSYCHOL, V65, P287 SWINBURN K, 2001, UNPUB COMPREHENSIVE WHEELDON LR, 1994, J MEM LANG, V33, P332, DOI 10.1006/jmla.1994.1016 WHEELDON LR, 1992, Q J EXP PSYCHOL-A, V44, P723 NR 42 TC 43 Z9 45 PU PSYCHOLOGY PRESS PI HOVE PA 27 CHURCH RD, HOVE BN3 2FA, EAST SUSSEX, ENGLAND SN 0268-7038 J9 APHASIOLOGY JI Aphasiology PD JAN-FEB PY 2002 VL 16 IS 1-2 BP 151 EP 168 PG 18 WC Clinical Neurology SC Neurosciences & Neurology GA 521NU UT WOS:000173847700006 ER PT J AU Wilshire, CE AF Wilshire, CE TI Where do aphasic phonological errors come from? Evidence from phoneme movement errors in picture naming SO APHASIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID SPEECH PRODUCTION; LANGUAGE PRODUCTION; CONDUCTION APHASIA; WORD PRODUCTION; LEXICAL ACCESS; SERIAL ORDER; FORMAL PARAPHASIAS; MODEL; SPEAKERS; SLIPS AB This paper analyses the incidence and distribution of phonemic misordering errors (or "contextual'' errors) in the phonologically related nonword responses of aphasic individuals. A diverse group of 22 individuals was examined in two separate picture naming studies. Contextual error rates were found to be above chance for only two of the participants. These participants had one unique feature: both were more accurate at word endings than word beginnings. Both also had a diagnosis of conduction aphasia and produced errors that were phonologically close to their targets, and at least one showed strong word length effects; however, none of these features was unique to them. The "contextual'' individuals were not distinguishable from the other participants on the basis of: their production of formal paraphasias; their relative performance on word naming and repetition; or their performance on words relative to nonwords. The findings from this study are inconsistent with the notion that contextual errors result from a malfunction involving a dedicated postlexical phoneme sequencing stage. An alternative, single-stage account of phonological encoding is offered, in which differences in contextual error rates are attributed to individual variation in word production strategies. C1 Victoria Univ Wellington, Sch Psychol, Wellington, New Zealand. Moss Rehab Res Inst, Philadelphia, PA USA. RP Wilshire, CE (reprint author), Victoria Univ Wellington, Sch Psychol, POB 600, Wellington, New Zealand. CR Baayen R. H., 1993, CELEX LEXICAL DATABA Beland R., 1990, J NEUROLINGUIST, V5, P125, DOI 10.1016/0911-6044(90)90009-N Best W, 1996, COGNITIVE NEUROPSYCH, V13, P443, DOI 10.1080/026432996381971 BLANKEN G, 1990, BRAIN LANG, V38, P534, DOI 10.1016/0093-934X(90)90136-5 Blumstein S.E., 1973, PHONOLOGICAL INVESTI BUB D, 1987, MOTOR SENSORY PROCES, P79 BUCKINGHAM HW, 1980, APPL PSYCHOLINGUIST, V1, P199, DOI 10.1017/S0142716400000849 BUCKINGHAM HW, 1986, COGNITIVE SCI, V10, P195, DOI 10.1207/s15516709cog1002_4 BUCKINGHAM HW, 1976, NEOLOGISTIC JARGON A BUCKINGHAM HW, 1979, STUDIES NEUROLINGUIS, V4, P329 BUCKINGHAM HW, 1981, JARGONAPHASIA, P39 BURNS MS, 1977, BRAIN LANG, V24, P204 BUTTERWORTH B, 1979, BRAIN LANG, V8, P133, DOI 10.1016/0093-934X(79)90046-4 Caplan D., 1992, LANGUAGE STRUCTURE P CAPLAN D, 1986, COGNITIVE NEUROPSYCH, V3, P99, DOI 10.1080/02643298608252671 DELL GS, 1988, J MEM LANG, V27, P124, DOI 10.1016/0749-596X(88)90070-8 Dell GS, 1997, PSYCHOL REV, V104, P123, DOI 10.1037/0033-295X.104.1.123 DELL GS, 1986, PSYCHOL REV, V93, P283, DOI 10.1037//0033-295X.93.3.283 DELL GS, 1993, COGNITIVE SCI, V17, P149, DOI 10.1016/0364-0213(93)90010-6 Dell GS, 1997, PSYCHOL REV, V104, P801, DOI 10.1037/0033-295X.104.4.801 Foygel D, 2000, J MEM LANG, V43, P182, DOI 10.1006/jmla.2000.2716 Gagnon DA, 1997, BRAIN LANG, V59, P450, DOI 10.1006/brln.1997.1792 Garrett M., 1980, LANGUAGE PRODUCTION, V1, P177 Garrett M., 1982, NORMALITY PATHOLOGY, P19 Garrett M. F., 1975, PSYCHOL LEARN MOTIV, V1, P133, DOI 10.1016/S0079-7421(08)60270-4 Garrett M. F., 1988, LINGUISTICS CAMBRIDG, V3, P69 GOLDMANN RE, 2001, BRAIN LANG, V78, P1 Goodglass H, 1983, ASSESSMENT APHASIA R, V2nd Houghton G., 1990, Current Research in Natural Language Generation JOANETTE Y, 1980, BRAIN LANG, V11, P30, DOI 10.1016/0093-934X(80)90107-8 Kay J., 1992, PSYCHOLINGUISTIC ASS Kertesz A, 1970, Cortex, V6, P362 Kessler B, 1997, J MEM LANG, V37, P295, DOI 10.1006/jmla.1997.2522 KOHN SE, 1995, APHASIOLOGY, V9, P209, DOI 10.1080/02687039508248196 KOHN SE, 1985, PHONOLOGICAL BREAKDO KOHN SE, 1990, COGNITIVE NEUROPSYCH, V7, P133, DOI 10.1080/02643299008253440 KOHN SE, 1994, APPL PSYCHOLINGUIST, V15, P75, DOI 10.1017/S0142716400006986 KOHN SE, 1989, APHASIOLOGY, V3, P209, DOI 10.1080/02687038908248992 Lecours A R, 1969, Cortex, V5, P193 LEVELT W, 1989, SPEAKING INTENTION A LEVELT WJM, 1992, COGNITION, V42, P1, DOI 10.1016/0010-0277(92)90038-J Levelt WJM, 1999, BEHAV BRAIN SCI, V22, P1 MacKay D. G., 1987, ORG PERCEPTION ACTIO MACKAY DG, 1970, NEUROPSYCHOLOGIA, V8, P323, DOI 10.1016/0028-3932(70)90078-3 MacNeilage P. F., 1983, PRODUCTION SPEECH, P109 MARTIN N, 1992, BRAIN LANG, V43, P240, DOI 10.1016/0093-934X(92)90130-7 MCCARTHY R, 1984, BRAIN, V107, P463, DOI 10.1093/brain/107.2.463 MILLER D, 1987, COGNITIVE NEUROPSYCH, P253 MORTON J, 1979, STRUCTURES PROCESS P, V2, P157 Nespoulous J.-L., 1987, MOTOR SENSORY PROCES, P53 NICKELS L, 1995, LANG COGNITIVE PROC, V10, P13, DOI 10.1080/01690969508407086 Norman D. A., 1970, MODELS HUM MEMORY, P203 Pate D. S., 1987, LANG COGNITIVE PROC, V2, P43, DOI 10.1080/01690968708406351 Rapp B, 2000, PSYCHOL REV, V107, P460, DOI 10.1037/0033-295X.107.3.460 Roach A., 1996, CLIN APHASIOLOGY, V24, P121 Roelofs A, 1997, COGNITION, V64, P249, DOI 10.1016/S0010-0277(97)00027-9 SAFFRAN EM, 1988, UNPUB PHILADELPHIA C SCHWARTZ MF, 1994, BRAIN LANG, V47, P52, DOI 10.1006/brln.1994.1042 SCHWARTZ MF, 2001, UNPUB ORIGINS NONWOR Shattuck-Hufnagel S., 1987, MOTOR SENSORY PROCES, P17 Shattuck-Hufnagel S., 1979, SENTENCE PROCESSING, P295 SHATTUCKHUFNAGEL S, 1992, COGNITION, V42, P213, DOI 10.1016/0010-0277(92)90044-I Stemberger J. P., 1985, PROGR PSYCHOL LANGUA, V1, P143 STEMBERGER JP, 1990, COGNITION, V35, P123, DOI 10.1016/0010-0277(90)90012-9 TALO ES, 1980, ERRORS LINGUISTIC PE, P81 Wheeler DW, 1997, BRAIN LANG, V59, P147, DOI 10.1006/brln.1997.1816 Wilshire CE, 1998, COGNITION, V68, P143, DOI 10.1016/S0010-0277(98)00045-6 WILSHIRE CE, 1996, COGNITIVE NEUROPSYCH, V13, P1058 Wing A. M., 1980, COGNITIVE PROCESS, P251 NR 69 TC 24 Z9 24 PU PSYCHOLOGY PRESS PI HOVE PA 27 CHURCH RD, HOVE BN3 2FA, EAST SUSSEX, ENGLAND SN 0268-7038 J9 APHASIOLOGY JI Aphasiology PD JAN-FEB PY 2002 VL 16 IS 1-2 BP 169 EP 197 DI 10.1080/02687040143000528 PG 29 WC Clinical Neurology SC Neurosciences & Neurology GA 521NU UT WOS:000173847700007 ER PT J AU Howard, D Smith, K AF Howard, D Smith, K TI The effects of lexical stress in aphasic word production SO APHASIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID SPEECH PRODUCTION; PROSODIC PHONOLOGY; ACCESS; LANGUAGE; ENGLISH; REPRESENTATION; SEGMENTATION; SYLLABLES; DYSLEXIA; SPEAKERS AB This paper investigates the effects of lexical stress pattern on speech production by aphasic subjects. The subjects are more accurate at producing words with first syllable stress than those with stress on the second syllable in both word and non-word repetition and picture naming. The subjects' accuracy in repetition is unaffected by the stress pattern of a preceding word in a phrase, but strongly affected by the phrase's syllable length. With three-syllable words, subjects are most accurate in both repetition and naming with words whose primary stress falls on either the first or the third syllable. Explanations of these results in terms of the vulnerability of initial unstressed syllables, or simple frequency-dependent stress assignment strategies, are rejected. Instead it is argued that an utterance's segmental and metrical structure are computed in parallel, but the computation requires resources that are limited in subjects who make phonological errors in speech production. C1 Univ Newcastle Upon Tyne, Dept Speech, Newcastle Upon Tyne NE1 7RU, Tyne & Wear, England. RP Howard, D (reprint author), Univ Newcastle Upon Tyne, Dept Speech, Newcastle Upon Tyne NE1 7RU, Tyne & Wear, England. CR Baayen R. H., 1995, CELEX LEXICAL DATABA BLACK M, 1986, COGN NEUROPSYCHOL, V3, P369, DOI 10.1080/02643298608252028 BLACK M, 1989, COGN NEUROPSYCHOL, V6, P85, DOI 10.1080/02643298908253286 BUTTERWORTH B, 1992, COGNITION, V42, P261, DOI 10.1016/0010-0277(92)90045-J CAPLAN D, 1986, COGNITIVE NEUROPSYCH, V3, P99, DOI 10.1080/02643298608252671 Cappa SF, 1997, COGNITION, V65, P1, DOI 10.1016/S0010-0277(97)00024-3 Carter A, 1998, BRAIN LANG, V65, P202 Cutler A., 1987, Computer Speech and Language, V2, DOI 10.1016/0885-2308(87)90004-0 Coleman John, 1998, PHONOLOGICAL REPRESE COLOMBO L, 1991, PSYCHOL RES-PSYCH FO, V53, P71, DOI 10.1007/BF00867334 COLTHEART M, 1983, Q J EXP PSYCHOL-A, V35, P469 CROMPTON A, 1982, SLIPS TONGUE LANGUAG Cutler A, 1997, LANG SPEECH, V40, P141 CUTLER A, 1988, J EXP PSYCHOL HUMAN, V14, P113, DOI 10.1037/0096-1523.14.1.113 CUTLER A, 1989, COGN NEUROPSYCHOL, V6, P67, DOI 10.1080/02643298908253285 CUTLER A, 1980, SLIPS TONGUE LANGUAG, P11 Cutler A, 1997, LANG COGNITIVE PROC, V12, P839, DOI 10.1080/016909697386718 DELL GS, 1988, J MEM LANG, V27, P124, DOI 10.1016/0749-596X(88)90070-8 FEAR BD, 1995, J ACOUST SOC AM, V97, P1893, DOI 10.1121/1.412063 FRANKLIN S, 1992, ADA COMPREHENSION TE Franklin S, 1996, COGNITIVE NEUROPSYCH, V13, P1139, DOI 10.1080/026432996381683 Fudge E., 1984, ENGLISH WORD STRESS GERKEN L, 1994, J CHILD LANG, V21, P565 Gerken L, 1998, AM J SPEECH-LANG PAT, V7, P38 GERKEN LA, 1991, J MEM LANG, V30, P431, DOI 10.1016/0749-596X(91)90015-C GERKEN LA, 1994, J MEM LANG, V33, P19, DOI 10.1006/jmla.1994.1002 Gerken LA, 1996, LANGUAGE, V72, P683, DOI 10.2307/416099 Giegerich H. J., 1992, ENGLISH PHONOLOGY GOODGLAS.H, 1967, J SPEECH HEAR RES, V10, P5 Howard D., 1992, PYRAMIDS PALM TREES Kager Rene, 1989, METRICAL THEORY STRE Kehoe M, 1997, CLIN LINGUIST PHONET, V11, P389, DOI 10.3109/02699209708985202 Kelly MH, 1998, MEM COGNITION, V26, P822, DOI 10.3758/BF03211401 KLEIN HB, 1981, J SPEECH HEAR RES, V24, P535 LAHIRI A, 2000, ASPECTS LANGUAGE PRO, P165 Leach C., 1979, INTRO STAT NONPARAME LEVELT W, 1989, SPEAKING INTENTION A LEVELT WJM, 1994, COGNITION, V50, P239, DOI 10.1016/0010-0277(94)90030-2 Levelt WJM, 1999, BEHAV BRAIN SCI, V22, P1 LLOYD AJ, 1998, THESIS U YORK McGregor KK, 1997, J SPEECH LANG HEAR R, V40, P1220 Meddis R., 1984, STAT USING RANKS UNI MICELI G, 1993, COGNITIVE NEUROPSYCH, V10, P273, DOI 10.1080/02643299308253465 NICKELS L, 2001, UNPUB DISSOCIATING E Nickels L, 1999, CLIN LINGUIST PHONET, V13, P269 NICKELS L, 2000, ASPECTS LANGUAGE PRO, P115 Nickels L., 1997, SPOKEN WORD PRODUCTI NICKELS L, 1995, NEUROPSYCHOLOGIA, V33, P1281, DOI 10.1016/0028-3932(95)00102-9 NIEMI J, 1985, BRAIN LANG, V26, P28, DOI 10.1016/0093-934X(85)90026-4 Pate D. S., 1987, LANG COGNITIVE PROC, V2, P43, DOI 10.1080/01690968708406351 Roelofs A, 1998, J EXP PSYCHOL LEARN, V24, P922, DOI 10.1037//0278-7393.24.4.922 Roelofs A, 1997, LANG COGNITIVE PROC, V12, P657, DOI 10.1080/016909697386655 Snow D, 1998, J SPEECH LANG HEAR R, V41, P1171 SWINBURN K, UNPUB COMPREHENSIVE Wheeldon L, 1997, J MEM LANG, V37, P356, DOI 10.1006/jmla.1997.2517 NR 55 TC 11 Z9 11 PU PSYCHOLOGY PRESS PI HOVE PA 27 CHURCH RD, HOVE BN3 2FA, EAST SUSSEX, ENGLAND SN 0268-7038 J9 APHASIOLOGY JI Aphasiology PD JAN-FEB PY 2002 VL 16 IS 1-2 BP 198 EP 237 DI 10.1080/02687040143000546 PG 40 WC Clinical Neurology SC Neurosciences & Neurology GA 521NU UT WOS:000173847700008 ER PT J AU Haley, KL Ohde, RN Wertz, RT AF Haley, KL Ohde, RN Wertz, RT TI Vowel quality in aphasia and apraxia of speech: Phonetic transcription and formant analyses SO APHASIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID SINGLE WORD INTELLIGIBILITY; AMERICAN ENGLISH VOWELS; BROCAS APHASIA; 1ST FORMANT; PERCEPTION; REPRESENTATION; FREQUENCY; PATTERNS AB We examined acoustic and perceptual features of vowel quality in aphasia and apraxia of speech. Twenty aphasic speakers with and without apraxia of speech and ten normal speakers produced the words "hid'' and "head'' approximately 24 times. Each production was transcribed with broad phonetic transcription, and the first and second formant frequencies were measured at the midpoint of the vowel steady state. According to the phonetic transcription, some aphasic and apraxic speakers displayed a large number of vowel substitutions, whereas others were indistinguishable from normal speakers. Perceived substitutions were generally close to the target and affected almost exclusively vowel height rather than vowel frontness. Acoustically, several speakers in both aphasic groups displayed a formant pattern that deviated from normal. The nature of the deviation pattern varied across individual aphasic and apraxic speakers. For some, formant frequencies were abnormally variable, whereas others displayed a pattern of only occasional deviations, and yet others demonstrated a collapsing of phonetic categories. The results are consistent with previous reports that articulatory positioning for vowels is impaired in many aphasic and apraxic speakers. The existence of individual articulatory patterns is emphasised, and the limitations of a static approach to formant analysis are noted. C1 Univ N Carolina, Dept Allied Hlth Sci, Div Speech & Hearing Sci, Chapel Hill, NC 27599 USA. Vanderbilt Bill Wilkerson Ctr Otolaryngol & Commu, Nashville, TN USA. Vanderbilt Vet Adm Med Ctr, Nashville, TN USA. RP Haley, KL (reprint author), Univ N Carolina, Dept Allied Hlth Sci, Div Speech & Hearing Sci, Med Sch wing D,CB 7190, Chapel Hill, NC 27599 USA. CR AHLEY KL, 2001, APHASIOLOGY, V15, P1125 Assmann PF, 2000, J ACOUST SOC AM, V108, P1856, DOI 10.1121/1.1289363 BUCKINGHAM HW, 1987, CLIN LINGUIST PHONET, V1, P113, DOI 10.3109/02699208708985007 TROST JE, 1974, BRAIN LANG, V1, P63, DOI 10.1016/0093-934X(74)90026-1 Code C, 1998, CLIN LINGUIST PHONET, V12, P47, DOI 10.3109/02699209808985212 DIBENEDETTO MG, 1989, J ACOUST SOC AM, V86, P67, DOI 10.1121/1.398221 DIBENEDETTO MG, 1989, J ACOUST SOC AM, V86, P55, DOI 10.1121/1.398220 Haley KL, 1998, APHASIOLOGY, V12, P715, DOI 10.1080/02687039808249568 Haley KL, 2000, APHASIOLOGY, V14, P619 Haley KL, 2000, APHASIOLOGY, V14, P179 HILLENBRAND J, 1995, J ACOUST SOC AM, V97, P3099, DOI 10.1121/1.411872 JENKINS JJ, 1994, J ACOUST SOC AM, V95, P1030, DOI 10.1121/1.410014 Joos M., 1948, LANGUAGE SUPPL, V24, P1, DOI DOI 10.2307/522229 KELLER E, 1978, BRAIN LANG, V5, P265, DOI 10.1016/0093-934X(78)90026-3 KELLER E, 1975, THESIS U TORONTO CAN KENT RD, 1983, J SPEECH HEAR RES, V26, P231 KENT RD, 1989, J SPEECH HEAR DISORD, V54, P482 Kertesz A., 1982, W APHASIA BATTERY LAPOINTE LL, 1975, J COMMUN DISORD, V8, P259, DOI 10.1016/0021-9924(75)90018-0 LISS JM, 1992, J ACOUST SOC AM, V92, P2984, DOI 10.1121/1.404364 McNeil MR, 1997, CLIN MANAGEMENT SENS, P311 McNeil M.R., 1990, CEREBRAL CONTROL SPE, P349 MILENKOVIC PM, 1996, CSPEECH COMPUTER PRO MONOI H, 1983, BRAIN LANG, V20, P175, DOI 10.1016/0093-934X(83)90041-X NEAREY TM, 1989, J ACOUST SOC AM, V85, P2088, DOI 10.1121/1.397861 ODELL K, 1991, J SPEECH HEAR RES, V34, P67 PETERSON GE, 1952, J ACOUST SOC AM, V24, P175, DOI 10.1121/1.1906875 PISONI DB, 1973, PERCEPT PSYCHOPHYS, V13, P253, DOI 10.3758/BF03214136 Ryalls J., 1987, PHONETIC APPROACHES, P23 RYALLS JH, 1986, BRAIN LANG, V29, P48, DOI 10.1016/0093-934X(86)90033-7 RYALLS JH, 1981, NEUROPSYCHOLOGIA, V19, P365, DOI 10.1016/0028-3932(81)90066-X Snijders TAB, 1999, MULTILEVEL ANAL INTR, V1st STRANGE W, 1989, J ACOUST SOC AM, V85, P2081, DOI 10.1121/1.397860 SYRDAL AK, 1986, J ACOUST SOC AM, V79, P1086, DOI 10.1121/1.393381 Ventry I M, 1983, ASHA, V25, P37 Wertz RT, 1984, APRAXIA SPEECH ADULT ZIEGLER W, 1989, APHASIOLOGY, V3, P449, DOI 10.1080/02687038908249006 NR 37 TC 10 Z9 10 PU PSYCHOLOGY PRESS PI HOVE PA 27 CHURCH RD, HOVE BN3 2FA, EAST SUSSEX, ENGLAND SN 0268-7038 J9 APHASIOLOGY JI Aphasiology PD DEC PY 2001 VL 15 IS 12 BP 1107 EP 1123 DI 10.1080/02687040143000519 PG 17 WC Clinical Neurology SC Neurosciences & Neurology GA 492HN UT WOS:000172162500001 ER PT J AU Haley, KL Bays, GL Ohde, RN AF Haley, KL Bays, GL Ohde, RN TI Phonetic properties of aphasic-apraxic speech: A modified narrow transcription analysis SO APHASIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID SINGLE WORD INTELLIGIBILITY; BROCAS APHASIA; PERCEPTUAL CHARACTERISTICS; SOUND ERRORS; DYSARTHRIA; PATTERNS; SPEAKERS; ARTICULATION; CONSONANTS; VOWEL AB We used a modified narrow phonetic transcription procedure to examine a speech sample produced by 10 speakers with coexisting aphasia and apraxia of speech. The transcription protocol was limited to eight diacritic marks selected based on previous perceptual descriptions of phonetic distortion among speakers with pure apraxia of speech. Additionally, there was one general distortion category for perceived distortions not captured by the main diacritic marks. The results showed that distortion errors were as common as substitution errors, that vowel and consonant segments were equally vulnerable to misproduction, and that there was no difference between the frequency of consonants produced incorrectly in prevocalic and postvocalic syllable positions. Among distortion errors, 32% were classified as segment prolongations and 41% were classified as general distortions. An independent transcription that used a comprehensive system of diacritic marks was performed as a follow-up. Most general distortions were not further specified by the comprehensive transcription system. A phonetic contrast analysis of errors detected at the broad transcription level yielded different speech characteristics from the observed distortion errors, but were in general correspondence with previously reported error patterns in intelligibility testing of the same speech sample. The results are discussed relative to the role of single word intelligibility testing in aphasia and apraxia of speech assessment and the challenges associated with transcribing disordered speech. C1 Univ N Carolina, Dept Allied Hlth Sci, Div Speech & Hearing Sci, Chapel Hill, NC 27599 USA. Vanderbilt Bill Wolkerson Ctr Otolaryngol & Commu, Nashville, TN USA. RP Haley, KL (reprint author), Univ N Carolina, Dept Allied Hlth Sci, Div Speech & Hearing Sci, Med Sch Wing D,CB 7190, Chapel Hill, NC 27599 USA. CR Ackermann H, 1997, BRAIN LANG, V56, P321, DOI 10.1006/brln.1997.1740 ANSEL BM, 1992, J SPEECH HEAR RES, V35, P296 Blumstein S., 1991, ACQUIRED APHASIA, P151 BUCKINGHAM HW, 1987, CLIN LINGUIST PHONET, V1, P113, DOI 10.3109/02699208708985007 TROST JE, 1974, BRAIN LANG, V1, P63, DOI 10.1016/0093-934X(74)90026-1 CANTER GJ, 1985, BRAIN LANG, V24, P204, DOI 10.1016/0093-934X(85)90131-2 Haley KL, 2001, APHASIOLOGY, V15, P1107, DOI 10.1080/02687040143000519 Haley KL, 1998, APHASIOLOGY, V12, P715, DOI 10.1080/02687039808249568 Haley KL, 2000, APHASIOLOGY, V14, P619 Haley KL, 2000, APHASIOLOGY, V14, P179 Hardcastle W. J., 1987, PHONETIC APPROACHES, P113 Hardcastle William J., 1992, INTELLIGIBILITY SPEE, P287 HARMES S, 1984, J PHONETICS, V12, P367 International Phonetic Association, 1949, PRINC INT PHON ASS JOHNS DF, 1970, J SPEECH HEAR RES, V13, P556 KENT RD, 1983, J SPEECH HEAR RES, V26, P231 KENT RD, 1990, J SPEECH HEAR DISORD, V55, P721 KENT RD, 1989, J SPEECH HEAR DISORD, V54, P482 Kent RD, 1996, AM J SPEECH-LANG PAT, V5, P7, DOI DOI 10.1044/1058-0360.0503.07 Kertesz A., 1982, W APHASIA BATTERY KLICH RJ, 1979, CORTEX, V15, P451 LAPOINTE LL, 1975, J COMMUN DISORD, V8, P259, DOI 10.1016/0021-9924(75)90018-0 McNeil M.R., 1990, CEREBRAL CONTROL SPE, P349 MILLER N, 1995, EUROPEAN J DISORDERS, V30, P246 MONOI H, 1983, BRAIN LANG, V20, P175, DOI 10.1016/0093-934X(83)90041-X ODELL K, 1991, J SPEECH HEAR RES, V34, P67 ODELL K, 1990, J SPEECH HEAR DISORD, V55, P345 Ohde RN, 1992, PHONETIC ANAL NORMAL Oller D K, 1975, Phonetica, V31, P288 PISONI DB, 1973, PERCEPT PSYCHOPHYS, V13, P253, DOI 10.3758/BF03214136 Redford MA, 1999, J ACOUST SOC AM, V106, P1555, DOI 10.1121/1.427152 ROSENBEK JC, 1991, DYSARTHRIA AND APRAXIA OF SPEECH, P289 SEIKEL JA, 1990, J COMMUN DISORD, V23, P417, DOI 10.1016/0021-9924(90)90028-W Shankweiler D., 1966, CORTEX, V2, P277 Shewan C. M., 1979, AUDITORY COMPREHENSI SHRIBERG LD, 1984, J SPEECH HEAR RES, V27, P456 Shuster LI, 2000, APHASIOLOGY, V14, P635 SQUARE PA, 1982, CLIN APHASIOLOGY, P245 Sussman HM, 1997, J ACOUST SOC AM, V101, P2826, DOI 10.1121/1.418567 WAMBAUGH JL, 1995, AM J SPEECH-LANG PAT, V4, P186 Wertz RT, 1984, APRAXIA SPEECH ADULT WILLIAMS SE, 1986, BRAIN LANG, V29, P171, DOI 10.1016/0093-934X(86)90041-6 ZIEGLER W, 1989, APHASIOLOGY, V3, P449, DOI 10.1080/02687038908249006 NR 43 TC 7 Z9 7 PU PSYCHOLOGY PRESS PI HOVE PA 27 CHURCH RD, HOVE BN3 2FA, EAST SUSSEX, ENGLAND SN 0268-7038 J9 APHASIOLOGY JI Aphasiology PD DEC PY 2001 VL 15 IS 12 BP 1125 EP 1142 DI 10.1080/02687040143000537 PG 18 WC Clinical Neurology SC Neurosciences & Neurology GA 492HN UT WOS:000172162500002 ER PT J AU Geigenberger, A Ziegler, W AF Geigenberger, A Ziegler, W TI Receptive prosodic processing in aphasia SO APHASIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID HEMISPHERE-DAMAGED SUBJECTS; UNILATERAL BRAIN-DAMAGE; SPEECH PROSODY; FUNDAMENTAL-FREQUENCY; AFFECTIVE CONTEXTS; LINGUISTIC STRESS; AUDITORY COMPREHENSION; CUES; INTONATION; BOUNDARIES AB The aim of this study was to systematically investigate the capacity of aphasic patients in the comprehension of emotional, conversational, and linguistic prosody in relation to the degree of severity of aphasia. In order to make a contribution to an ongoing discussion about the role of the two cerebral hemispheres in prosodic processing, we compared the results of the left-hemisphere-damaged aphasic group with those of a group of right-hemisphere-damaged patients. We found deficits in both patient groups, but with different profiles across tasks: The processing of emphatic stress was significantly impaired in the aphasic group, but relatively spared in the patients with lesions to the right hemisphere. On the other hand, relatively good performance by the aphasic patients and significantly inferior results from the right hemisphere damaged patients were found in the processing of emotional and conversational prosodic information. The disturbances found in the left hemisphere group were independent of the severity of aphasic impairment. C1 City Hosp Bogenhausen, Munich, Germany. RP Ziegler, W (reprint author), EKN Clin Neuropsychol Res Grp, Dachauer Str 164, D-80992 Munich, Germany. CR Alcock KJ, 2000, BRAIN LANG, V75, P47, DOI 10.1006/brln.2000.2324 ALPERT M, 1995, PSYCHOPHARMACOL BULL, V31, P421 Balan A, 1999, BRAIN LANG, V67, P73, DOI 10.1006/brln.1998.2035 Barrett AM, 1999, NEUROPSY NEUROPSY BE, V12, P117 Baum SR, 1999, APHASIOLOGY, V13, P581 Baum SR, 1998, J SPEECH LANG HEAR R, V41, P31 Baum SR, 1997, LANG SPEECH, V40, P313 BEATTIE GW, 1982, NATURE, V300, P744, DOI 10.1038/300744a0 BEHRENS SJ, 1989, BRAIN LANG, V37, P181, DOI 10.1016/0093-934X(89)90014-X Blasko DG, 1998, PERCEPT MOTOR SKILL, V87, P3 BLONDER LX, 1991, BRAIN, V114, P1115, DOI 10.1093/brain/114.3.1115 Borod JC, 1993, NEUROPSYCHOLOGY, V7, P445, DOI 10.1037//0894-4105.7.4.445 BOROD JC, 1990, J COMMUN DISORD, V23, P247, DOI 10.1016/0021-9924(90)90003-H Bowers D., 1993, NEUROPSYCHOLOGY, V7, P433, DOI 10.1037//0894-4105.7.4.433 BRADVIK B, 1991, ACTA NEUROL SCAND, V84, P114 COHEN MJ, 1994, BRAIN LANG, V47, P171, DOI 10.1006/brln.1994.1047 COOPER WE, 1984, LANG SPEECH, V27, P17 Cutler A, 1997, LANG SPEECH, V40, P141 CUTLER A, 1995, LANG SPEECH, V38, P1 CUTLER A, 1990, SPEECH COMMUN, V9, P485, DOI 10.1016/0167-6393(90)90024-4 CUTLER A, 1996, INTONATION DISCOURSE Dronkers NF, 1998, J NEUROLINGUIST, V11, P179, DOI 10.1016/S0911-6044(98)00012-8 FRICK RW, 1985, PSYCHOL BULL, V97, P412, DOI 10.1037//0033-2909.97.3.412 Gandour J, 1995, BRAIN LANG, V51, P422, DOI 10.1006/brln.1995.1069 GEIGENBERGER A, 2000, CLIN LANGUISTICS PHO, V15, P85 GEIGENBERGER A, 1999, VERARBEITUNG EMOTION GROSJEAN F, 1983, LINGUISTICS, V21, P501, DOI 10.1515/ling.1983.21.3.501 Grosjean F, 1996, LANG COGNITIVE PROC, V11, P107, DOI 10.1080/016909696387231 Huber W., 1983, AACHENER APHASIE TES Kimelman MDZ, 1999, BRAIN LANG, V69, P212, DOI 10.1006/brln.1999.2142 KIMELMAN MDZ, 1991, J SPEECH HEAR RES, V34, P334 Kjelgaard MM, 1999, J MEM LANG, V40, P153, DOI 10.1006/jmla.1998.2620 LEHTIHALMES M, 1993, 3 C INT CLIN PHON LI LEVELT JM, 1989, SPEAKING INTENTION A LINFIELD KC, 1999, APPL PSYCHOLINGUIST, V20, P395 Lorch MP, 1998, J NEUROLINGUIST, V11, P103, DOI 10.1016/S0911-6044(98)00008-6 MCQUEEN JM, 1994, J EXP PSYCHOL LEARN, V20, P621, DOI 10.1037/0278-7393.20.3.621 MCROBERTS GW, 1995, PERCEPT PSYCHOPHYS, V57, P159, DOI 10.3758/BF03206502 Montreys CR, 1998, INT J NEUROSCI, V96, P269 OUELLETTE GP, 1993, APHASIOLOGY, V8, P257 Pell MD, 1997, BRAIN LANG, V57, P80, DOI 10.1006/brln.1997.1638 PELL MD, 1998, NEUROPSYCHOLOGIA, V36, P710 Pell MD, 1999, CORTEX, V35, P455, DOI 10.1016/S0010-9452(08)70813-X PERETZ I, 1990, BRAIN, V113, P1185, DOI 10.1093/brain/113.4.1185 Perkins JM, 1996, APHASIOLOGY, V10, P343, DOI 10.1080/02687039608248416 Rao SM, 2001, NAT NEUROSCI, V4, P317, DOI 10.1038/85191 RYALLS J, 1987, CORTEX, V23, P685 SALMASO D, 1985, CORTEX, V21, P533 SERON X, 1982, J COMMUN DISORD, V15, P223, DOI 10.1016/0021-9924(82)90035-1 SHAPIRO BE, 1985, BRAIN LANG, V25, P19, DOI 10.1016/0093-934X(85)90118-X Steinhauer K, 1999, NAT NEUROSCI, V2, P191, DOI 10.1038/5757 TERKEN J, 1991, J ACOUST SOC AM, V89, P1768, DOI 10.1121/1.401019 TISCHER B, 1993, VOKALE KOMMUNKATION VANLANCKER D, 1992, J SPEECH HEAR RES, V35, P963 VANLANCKER DR, 1989, J CLIN EXP NEUROPSYC, V11, P665, DOI 10.1080/01688638908400923 Warren P, 1996, LANG COGNITIVE PROC, V11, P1, DOI 10.1080/016909696387204 Zatorre RJ, 1997, ACOUSTICAL SIGNAL PROCESSING IN THE CENTRAL AUDITORY SYSTEM, P453, DOI 10.1007/978-1-4419-8712-9_42 ZATORRE RJ, 1992, SCIENCE, V256, P846, DOI 10.1126/science.1589767 ZATORRE RJ, 1991, BRAIN, V114, P2403, DOI 10.1093/brain/114.6.2403 NR 59 TC 11 Z9 11 PU PSYCHOLOGY PRESS PI HOVE PA 27 CHURCH RD, HOVE BN3 2FA, EAST SUSSEX, ENGLAND SN 0268-7038 J9 APHASIOLOGY JI Aphasiology PD DEC PY 2001 VL 15 IS 12 BP 1169 EP 1187 DI 10.1080/02687040143000555 PG 19 WC Clinical Neurology SC Neurosciences & Neurology GA 492HN UT WOS:000172162500004 ER PT J AU Elman, RJ AF Elman, RJ TI The Internet and aphasia: Crossing the digital divide SO APHASIOLOGY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 30th Annual Clinical Aphasiology Conference CY MAY, 2000 CL WAIKOLON, HAWAII AB The information age is rapidly changing the world in which we live. Given the increasing dominance of the Internet and the World Wide Web, many functions in our society are rapidly becoming transacted via computer. Email communication and website commerce are becoming more popular. While such advances are of benefit to many in our society, there is also a digital divide that is separating those with and without computer access into "haves'' and "have nots''. The purpose of the present paper is to discuss the ramifications that a digital society may have for those affected by aphasia, and what aphasiologists can do. C1 Aphasia Ctr Calif, Oakland, CA 94602 USA. RP Elman, RJ (reprint author), Aphasia Ctr Calif, 3996 Lyman Rd, Oakland, CA 94602 USA. CR Alliance for Technology Access, 2000, COMP WEB RES PEOPL D BREWER J, 1999, SEB ACCESSIBILITY IN CAMPBELL L, 1997, CALIFORNIA ASS P SPR Cook A. M., 1995, ASSISTIVE TECHNOLOGI Elman RJ, 2000, APHASIOLOGY, V14, P455 LASATER J, 1999, TOPICS STROKE REHABI, V6, P66 Paciello M. G., 2000, WEB ACCESSIBILITY PE SEILER R, 1998, P EXP HOR SPEECH PAT, P49 Singh S, 2000, APHASIOLOGY, V14, P157, DOI 10.1080/026870300401531 STEWART TA, 1999, FORTUNE, V140, P184 *US DEP COMM, 1999, FALL NET DEF DIG DIV WADDELL CD, 1998, APPLYING ADA INTERNE WADDELL CD, 1999, GROWING DIGITAL DIVI World Health Organisation, 2000, INT CLASS FUNCT DIS NR 14 TC 13 Z9 13 PU PSYCHOLOGY PRESS PI HOVE PA 27 CHURCH RD, HOVE BN3 2FA, EAST SUSSEX, ENGLAND SN 0268-7038 J9 APHASIOLOGY JI Aphasiology PD OCT-NOV PY 2001 VL 15 IS 10-11 BP 895 EP 899 DI 10.1080/02687040143000267 PG 5 WC Clinical Neurology SC Neurosciences & Neurology GA 483EW UT WOS:000171621600002 ER PT J AU McNeil, MR Pratt, SR AF McNeil, MR Pratt, SR TI Defining aphasia: Some theoretical and clinical implications of operating from a formal definition SO APHASIOLOGY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 30th Annual Clinical Aphasiology Conference CY MAY, 2000 CL WAIKOLON, HAWAII AB Theoretical and philosophical issues related to the need for and criteria of a formal definition of aphasia are discussed. Following a review of several definitions of aphasia and the contrast of two, a formal definition is advanced that meets the specific requirements of a scientific definition: criteria for group membership and the assumed mechanisms for these criteria. The specific criteria for group membership are discussed and the assumed mechanisms are presented. It is argued that this definition (or a well justified alternative) can serve as a first approximation to a general theory of aphasia. It is also claimed that it can inform the research consumer about important but unstated assumptions of researchers as well as provide clinical guidance. C1 Univ Pittsburgh, Dept Commun Sci & Disorders, Pittsburgh, PA 15260 USA. RP McNeil, MR (reprint author), Univ Pittsburgh, Dept Commun Sci & Disorders, 4033 Forbes Tower, Pittsburgh, PA 15260 USA. RI Pratt, Sheila/H-7139-2013 CR ARISTOTLE, 1976, COMPLETE WORKS ARIST Benson DF, 1979, APHASIA ALEXIA AGRAP Boyer M., 1983, AM HERITAGE DICT BROOKSHIRE RH, 1983, J SPEECH HEAR DISORD, V48, P342 CHAKRABARTI KK, 1995, MONOGRAPHS SOC ASIAN, V13, P1 CHAPEY R, 1981, LANGUAGE INTERVENTIO, P31 COPPENS P, 1998, APHASIA ATYPICAL POP Darley F. L., 1982, APHASIA Goodglass H, 1983, ASSESSMENT APHASIA R, V2nd HALPERN H, 1976, CORTEX, V12, P365 Head H., 1926, APHASIA KINDRED DISO JACKSON JH, 1931, SELECTED WRITINGS, V2 JOANETTE Y, 1999, CLIN APH C KEY WEST Kussmaul A, 1877, CYCLOPEDIA PRACTICE, V14, P581 McNeil M. R., 1988, HDB SPEECH LANGUAGE, P738 McNeil M. R., 1978, REV TOKEN TEST MCNEIL MR, 1982, SPEECH LANGUAGE HEAR, V3, P692 MYERS PS, APHASIOLOGY, V15, P913 OSGOOD C, 1963, APPROACHES STUDY APH Porch B. E., 1981, PORCH INDEX COMMUNIC Rosenbek J.C., 1989, APHASIA CLIN APPROAC RYAN WJ, 1982, NURSE COMMUNICATIVEL Schuell H. M., 1964, APHASIA ADULTS DIAGN NR 23 TC 29 Z9 31 PU PSYCHOLOGY PRESS PI HOVE PA 27 CHURCH RD, HOVE BN3 2FA, EAST SUSSEX, ENGLAND SN 0268-7038 J9 APHASIOLOGY JI Aphasiology PD OCT-NOV PY 2001 VL 15 IS 10-11 BP 901 EP 911 PG 11 WC Clinical Neurology SC Neurosciences & Neurology GA 483EW UT WOS:000171621600003 ER PT J AU Myers, PS AF Myers, PS TI Toward a definition of RHD syndrome SO APHASIOLOGY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 30th Annual Clinical Aphasiology Conference CY MAY, 2000 CL WAIKOLON, HAWAII ID ATTENTION AB Research and clinical efforts aimed at understanding and improving the communication impairments associated with acquired right hemisphere damage (RHD) are hampered by lack of a formal definition or label. This paper addresses that issue in light of the recent proposal by Joanette and Anslado (1999a, b) that RHD communication disorders be called "Pragmatic Aphasia''. Underlying assumptions regarding the use of the term aphasia to describe these deficits and the concept that pragmatics is inherent to language are questioned. The potential value of "pragmatics'' as it relates to communicative intents, and its potential application to a definition of RHD communication impairments are also explored. C1 Mayo Clin, Rochester, MN USA. RP Myers, PS (reprint author), 2705 Bamber Lane SW, Rochester, MN 55902 USA. CR Bara BG, 1997, BRAIN LANG, V59, P7, DOI 10.1006/brln.1997.1812 Benson DF, 1979, APHASIA ALEXIA AGRAP BROWNELL HH, 1984, BRAIN LANG, V22, P253, DOI 10.1016/0093-934X(84)90093-2 BURGESS C, 1988, BRAIN LANG, V33, P86, DOI 10.1016/0093-934X(88)90056-9 CHIARELLO C, 1990, BRAIN LANG, V38, P75, DOI 10.1016/0093-934X(90)90103-N CHIARELLO C, 1986, NEUROPSYCHOLOGIA, V24, P623, DOI 10.1016/0028-3932(86)90002-3 Heilman KM, 1987, NEUROPHYSIOLOGICAL N, P115 Joanette Y, 1999, BRAIN LANG, V68, P529, DOI 10.1006/brln.1999.2126 JOANETTE Y, 1999, CLIN APHAS C KEY WES LADAVAS E, 1989, NEUROPSYCHOLOGIA, V27, P353, DOI 10.1016/0028-3932(89)90024-9 McNeil M. R., 1988, HDB SPEECH LANGUAGE, P738 MCNEIL MR, APHASIOLOGY, V15, P901 MESULAM MM, 1981, ANN NEUROL, V10, P309, DOI 10.1002/ana.410100402 Myers P., 1998, RIGHT HEMISPHERE DAM Myers PS, 1996, J SPEECH HEAR RES, V39, P870 Penn C, 1999, BRAIN LANG, V68, P535, DOI 10.1006/brln.1999.2127 POSNER MI, 1990, ANNU REV NEUROSCI, V13, P1863 SABBAGH MA, 1999, BRAIN LANG, V68, P29 Tirassa M, 1999, BRAIN LANG, V68, P419, DOI 10.1006/brln.1999.2121 Tompkins CA, 1996, BRAIN LANG, V55, P172 TUCKER DM, 1984, PSYCHOL REV, V91, P185, DOI 10.1037//0033-295X.91.2.185 NR 21 TC 12 Z9 15 PU PSYCHOLOGY PRESS PI HOVE PA 27 CHURCH RD, HOVE BN3 2FA, EAST SUSSEX, ENGLAND SN 0268-7038 J9 APHASIOLOGY JI Aphasiology PD OCT-NOV PY 2001 VL 15 IS 10-11 BP 913 EP 918 DI 10.1080/02687040143000285 PG 6 WC Clinical Neurology SC Neurosciences & Neurology GA 483EW UT WOS:000171621600004 ER PT J AU Hillis, AE Kane, A Barker, P Beauchamp, N Gordon, B Wityk, R AF Hillis, AE Kane, A Barker, P Beauchamp, N Gordon, B Wityk, R TI Neural substrates of the cognitive processes underlying reading: Evidence from magnetic resonance perfusion imaging in hyperacute stroke SO APHASIOLOGY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 30th Annual Clinical Aphasiology Conference CY MAY, 2000 CL WAIKOLON, HAWAII ID COMPREHENSION; DIFFUSION; ANATOMY; APHASIA AB Although it is widely agreed that reading aloud entails multiple cognitive processes, there is little evidence for localisation of these processes. We investigated regions of brain dysfunction associated with impairment of each process. Forty patients were studied within 24 hours of onset of dominant hemisphere stroke, using: (1) a battery of tasks to identify impaired processes underlying reading, and (2) magnetic resonance perfusion imaging (MRPI) and diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI). Impairment of each component of reading, except motor speech, was highly correlated with one or more regions of hypoperfusion identified by MRPI, but not with areas of infarct on DWI. C1 Johns Hopkins Univ, Baltimore, MD USA. RP Hillis, AE (reprint author), Johns Hopkins Univ Hosp, Dept Neurol, Meyer 5-185,600 N Wolfe St, Baltimore, MD 21287 USA. CR Allport DA, 1985, CURRENT PERSPECTIVES Barber PA, 1998, NEUROLOGY, V51, P418 Beaulieu C, 1999, ANN NEUROL, V46, P568, DOI 10.1002/1531-8249(199910)46:4<568::AID-ANA4>3.0.CO;2-R BENSON DF, 1969, HDB CLIN NEUROPSYCHO, V4 Black S., 1994, LOCALIZATION NEUROIM CHERTKOW H, 1994, LOCALIZATION NEUROIM CHERTKOW H, 1993, NEUROLOGY, V43, pA19 Coltheart M., 1980, DEEP DYSLEXIA Damasio H., 1989, LESION ANAL NEUROPSY Dejerine J., 1891, CR HEBD ACAD SCI, V3, P197 DEMONET JF, 1992, BRAIN, V115, P1753, DOI 10.1093/brain/115.6.1753 *EC INC, 1988, MICR 2 REL 1 5 GOODGLASS H, 1997, ANOMIA HART J, 1990, ANN NEUROL, V27, P226, DOI 10.1002/ana.410270303 Hillis AE, 2000, NEUROLOGY, V55, P782 HILLIS AE, 1992, COGNITIVE NEUROPSYCH Hillis AE, 2001, NEUROLOGY, V56, P670 HILLIS AE, 1995, MEMORY, V3, P333, DOI 10.1080/09658219508253156 HILLIS AE, 2000, HDB COGNITIVE NEUROP HILLIS AE, 1995, AM J SPEECH-LANG PAT, V4, P150 HOWARD D, 1992, BRAIN, V115, P1769, DOI 10.1093/brain/115.6.1769 Jenkins WM, 1987, PROG BRAIN RES , V71, P249 LESSER RP, 1986, NEUROLOGY, V36, P658 MARSHALL JC, 1973, J PSYCHOLINGUIST RES, V2, P175, DOI 10.1007/BF01067101 MERZENICH MM, 1983, NEUROSCIENCE, V8, P33, DOI 10.1016/0306-4522(83)90024-6 Patterson K., 1985, SURFACE DYSLEXIA PETERSEN SE, 1988, NATURE, V331, P585, DOI 10.1038/331585a0 Petersen S E, 1989, J Cogn Neurosci, V1, P153, DOI 10.1162/jocn.1989.1.2.153 Raymer AM, 1997, BRAIN LANG, V58, P137, DOI 10.1006/brln.1997.1786 Shallice T., 1988, NEUROPSYCHOLOGY MENT WERNICKE K, 1874, APHASISCHE SYMPTOMKO NR 31 TC 18 Z9 19 PU PSYCHOLOGY PRESS PI HOVE PA 27 CHURCH RD, HOVE BN3 2FA, EAST SUSSEX, ENGLAND SN 0268-7038 J9 APHASIOLOGY JI Aphasiology PD OCT-NOV PY 2001 VL 15 IS 10-11 BP 919 EP 931 PG 13 WC Clinical Neurology SC Neurosciences & Neurology GA 483EW UT WOS:000171621600005 ER PT J AU Wambaugh, JL Linebaugh, CW Doyle, PJ Martinez, AL AF Wambaugh, JL Linebaugh, CW Doyle, PJ Martinez, AL TI Effects of two cueing treatments on lexical retrieval in aphasic speakers with different levels of deficit SO APHASIOLOGY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 30th Annual Clinical Aphasiology Conference CY MAY, 2000 CL WAIKOLON, HAWAII ID NAMING DISORDERS; THERAPY; PRINCIPLES; ACCESS AB The effects of two cueing treatments for lexical retrieval were examined with three aphasic speakers who demonstrated different levels of lexical processing impairment (i.e., predominately semantic, predominately phonologic, and mixed semantic-phonologic). Each speaker received both treatments, with treatments being applied sequentially to different word lists in a multiple baseline design. Both treatments consisted of a prestimulation phase followed by the application of a response-contingent cueing hierarchy. One treatment employed semantic-level cueing, whereas the other treatment utilised phonologic-level cueing. All participants evidenced a positive response to both of the treatments and one participant (predominately phonologic-level deficit) showed a superior response to lexical-semantic treatment. C1 Univ Utah, Salt Lake City, UT 84112 USA. VA Salt Lake City Healthcare Syst, Salt Lake City, UT USA. George Washington Univ, Washington, DC USA. VA Pittsburgh Healthcare Syst, Pittsburgh, PA USA. GRECC, Pittsburgh, PA USA. RP Wambaugh, JL (reprint author), Univ Utah, 1201 Behav Sci Bldg,390 S 1530 E, Salt Lake City, UT 84112 USA. CR Best W., 1997, LANGUAGE DISORDERS C, P102 BOYLE M, 1996, AM J SPEECH-LANG PAT, V4, P94 Dabul B. L., 1979, APRAXIA BATTERY ADUL Dell GS, 1997, PSYCHOL REV, V104, P801, DOI 10.1037/0033-295X.104.4.801 DELOCHE G, 1993, APHASIOLOGY, V7, P201, DOI 10.1080/02687039308249506 Drew RL, 1999, J SPEECH LANG HEAR R, V42, P972 Duffy J.R, 1995, MOTOR SPEECH DISORDE Ellis A. W., 1988, HUMAN COGNITIVE NEUR German DJ, 1990, TEST ADOLESCENT ADUL Hillis A. E., 1994, COGNITIVE NEUROPSYCH Hillis A. E., 1994, LANGUAGE INTERVENTIO, P207 HILLIS AE, 1990, CLIN APHASIOLOGY, P207 HOWARD D, 1985, BRAIN, V108, P817 Kay J., 1992, PSYCHOLINGUISTIC ASS Kertesz A., 1982, W APHASIA BATTERY Laine M, 1996, BRAIN LANG, V53, P283, DOI 10.1006/brln.1996.0050 LEVELT WJM, 1991, PSYCHOL REV, V98, P122, DOI 10.1037//0033-295X.98.1.122 LI EC, 1996, ADULT APHASIA REHABI, P229 Linebaugh CW, 1998, APHASIOLOGY, V12, P519, DOI 10.1080/02687039808249555 Linebaugh Craig W., 1997, P112 Nettleton J., 1991, J NEUROLINGUIST, V6, P139, DOI 10.1016/0911-6044(91)90004-3 Nickels L, 1996, APHASIOLOGY, V10, P109, DOI 10.1080/02687039608248401 Nickels L, 1996, APHASIOLOGY, V10, P21, DOI 10.1080/02687039608248397 Porch B. E., 1981, PORCH INDEX COMMUNIC, V2 PRING T, 1993, APHASIOLOGY, V7, P383, DOI 10.1080/02687039308249517 RAYMER AM, 1993, APHASIOLOGY, V7, P27, DOI 10.1080/02687039308249498 SNODGRASS JG, 1980, J EXP PSYCHOL-HUM L, V6, P174, DOI 10.1037/0278-7393.6.2.174 Yorkston K. M., 1981, ASSESSMENT INTELLIGI NR 28 TC 44 Z9 44 PU PSYCHOLOGY PRESS PI HOVE PA 27 CHURCH RD, HOVE BN3 2FA, EAST SUSSEX, ENGLAND SN 0268-7038 J9 APHASIOLOGY JI Aphasiology PD OCT-NOV PY 2001 VL 15 IS 10-11 BP 933 EP 950 PG 18 WC Clinical Neurology SC Neurosciences & Neurology GA 483EW UT WOS:000171621600006 ER PT J AU Aftonomos, LB Steele, RD Appelbaum, JS Harris, VM AF Aftonomos, LB Steele, RD Appelbaum, JS Harris, VM TI Relationships between impairment-level assessments and functional-level assessments in aphasia: Findings from LCC treatment programmes SO APHASIOLOGY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 30th Annual Clinical Aphasiology Conference CY MAY, 2000 CL WAIKOLON, HAWAII ID OUTCOMES; METAANALYSIS; TECHNOLOGY; RECOVERY; EFFICACY; PATIENT AB We report an outcome study of persons with aphasia participating in community-based treatment programmes. Patients (n=50) were assessed before and after treatment using: (i) a standardised test of impairment, the Western Aphasia Battery, administered by treating clinicians; and (ii) a standardised assessment of disability (functional communication), the Communicative Effectiveness Index, rated by family members. Pretreatment and posttreatment means are calculated and compared, with matched t-tests utilised to probe statistical significance of improvements after treatment. We then calculate impairment- and functional-level means by aphasia diagnostic categories, assigning rank orders and calculating Spearman rank-order correlations. Data analysis shows that, before treatment, patients spanned a wide range of times after onset, aphasia diagnostic types, and severity levels at start of care. Following treatment, means of the 50 patients improved significantly on every measure administered at both the impairment and the functional levels. Absolute improvements ranged from 6.5% to 26.2%, with statistical significance ranging from p<.01 to p<<.0001. Before treatment, there is strong positive correlation ( = +.90) between impairment- level and functional-level assessment means by diagnostic categories; after treatment, improvement means by these diagnostic categories show moderate negative correlation (rho = -.60). Further examination shows that post-treatment improvements are found to be best viewed as functions of same-type severity levels pretreatment, with patterns of improvement at the impairment and functional levels diverging distinctly. C1 Mills Peninsula Hlth Serv, San Mateo, CA USA. LingraphiCARE Amer Inc, Oakland, CA USA. Kanza Multispecialty Grp, Kansas City, KS USA. RP Steele, RD (reprint author), LingraphiCARE Amer Inc, E 1325 20th Ave, Spokane, WA 99203 USA. CR AFTONOMOS LB, 2000, 30 ANN CLIN APHAS C Aftonomos LB, 1997, ARCH PHYS MED REHAB, V78, P841, DOI 10.1016/S0003-9993(97)90197-0 Aftonomos LB, 1999, STROKE, V30, P1370 APPELBAUM JS, 1998, 28 ANN CLIN APH C 17 APPELBAUM JS, 1998, 10 ANN STROK REH C 1 Benson DF, 1979, APHASIA ALEXIA AGRAP Brookshire RH, 1997, INTRO NEUROGENIC COM Darley F. L., 1982, APHASIA Downie N. M., 1970, BASIC STAT METHODS ELLWOOD PM, 1988, NEW ENGL J MED, V318, P1549, DOI 10.1056/NEJM198806093182329 Frattali C. M., 1995, FUNCTIONAL ASSESSMEN Goodglass H., 1993, UNDERSTANDING APHASI Harris I, 1997, APPROPRIATE TECH, V23, P9 HARRIS VM, 2000, ASHA SPECIAL INTERES, V10, P11 Hatch E., 1982, RES DESIGN STAT APPL Holland A., 1980, COMMUNICATIVE ACTIVI Holland AL, 1996, J SPEECH HEAR RES, V39, pS27 KEARNS K, 2000, 30 ANN CLIN APH C 31 Kertesz A., 1982, W APHASIA BATTERY LOMAS J, 1987, MED CARE, V25, P764, DOI 10.1097/00005650-198708000-00009 LOMAS J, 1989, J SPEECH HEAR DISORD, V54, P113 PEDERSEN PM, 1995, ANN NEUROL, V38, P659, DOI 10.1002/ana.410380416 ROBEY RR, 1994, BRAIN LANG, V47, P582, DOI 10.1006/brln.1994.1060 Robey RR, 1998, J SPEECH LANG HEAR R, V41, P172 SARNO MT, 1984, FUNCTIONAL ASSESSMEN, P210 SHEWAN CM, 1980, J SPEECH HEAR DISORD, V45, P308 STEELE RD, 1995, P INT WORKSH HUM INT, P53 NR 27 TC 12 Z9 12 PU PSYCHOLOGY PRESS PI HOVE PA 27 CHURCH RD, HOVE BN3 2FA, EAST SUSSEX, ENGLAND SN 0268-7038 J9 APHASIOLOGY JI Aphasiology PD OCT-NOV PY 2001 VL 15 IS 10-11 BP 951 EP 964 PG 14 WC Clinical Neurology SC Neurosciences & Neurology GA 483EW UT WOS:000171621600007 ER PT J AU Wambaugh, JL Martinez, AL Alegre, MN AF Wambaugh, JL Martinez, AL Alegre, MN TI Qualitative changes following application of modified response elaboration training with apraxic-aphasic speakers SO APHASIOLOGY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 30th Annual Clinical Aphasiology Conference CY MAY, 2000 CL WAIKOLON, HAWAII AB The purpose of this study was to examine the qualitative changes in verbal productions of two apraxic-aphasic speakers who had exhibited positive changes in content production following application of Response Elaboration Training (RET). Picture descriptions and personal recounts were analysed utilising a modification of the procedures developed by Saffran, Berndt, & Schwartz, 1989. Results revealed that the use of nouns was predominately greater than any other lexical type at the beginning and the end of treatment for both participants. The majority of the gains made in increased production of content took the form of nouns. One speaker showed increases in other lexical types (i.e., verbs, articles, personal pronouns) as well. Increased use of constructions such as noun phrases and verb phrases were also noted. C1 Univ Utah, Dept CMDIS, Salt Lake City, UT 84112 USA. VAMC Salt Lake City, Salt Lake City, UT USA. RP Wambaugh, JL (reprint author), Univ Utah, Dept CMDIS, 1201 Behav Sci Bldg,1530 E 390 S, Salt Lake City, UT 84112 USA. CR DABUL B, 1979, APHRAXIA BATTERY ADU Duffy J.R, 1995, MOTOR SPEECH DISORDE EDELMAN G, 1987, PROMOTING APHASICS C Gaddie A., 1991, CLIN APHASIOLOGY, V19, P171 German DJ, 1990, TEST ADOLESCENT ADUL Kearns K. P., 1989, CLIN APHASIOLOGY, V18, P223 KEARNS KP, 1991, CLIN APHASIOLOGY, V20, P223 KEARNS KP, 1985, CLIN APHASIOLOGY, P196 Kearns Kevin P., 1997, P1 Kertesz A., 1982, W APHASIA BATTERY McNeil MR, 1997, CLIN MANAGEMENT SENS, P311 NICHOLAS LE, 1993, J SPEECH HEAR RES, V36, P338 Porch B. E., 1981, PORCH INDEX COMMUNIC, V2 SAFFRAN EM, 1989, BRAIN LANG, V37, P440, DOI 10.1016/0093-934X(89)90030-8 STOKES T, 1977, J APPL BEHAV ANAL, V22, P157 Wambaugh JL, 2000, APHASIOLOGY, V14, P603 YEDOR KE, 1993, CLIN APHASIOLOGY, V21, P213 Yorkston K. M., 1981, ASSESSMENT INTELLIGI NR 18 TC 6 Z9 6 PU PSYCHOLOGY PRESS PI HOVE PA 27 CHURCH RD, HOVE BN3 2FA, EAST SUSSEX, ENGLAND SN 0268-7038 J9 APHASIOLOGY JI Aphasiology PD OCT-NOV PY 2001 VL 15 IS 10-11 BP 965 EP 976 PG 12 WC Clinical Neurology SC Neurosciences & Neurology GA 483EW UT WOS:000171621600008 ER PT J AU Rose, M Douglas, J AF Rose, M Douglas, J TI The differential facilitatory effects of gesture and visualisation processes on object naming in aphasia SO APHASIOLOGY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 30th Annual Clinical Aphasiology Conference CY MAY, 2000 CL WAIKOLON, HAWAII ID SPEECH PRODUCTION; LEXICAL ACCESS; FAMILIARITY AB This study investigated the differential facilitation effects of gesture and visualisation processes on object naming in individuals with aphasia. Six participants with word production deficits resulting from varying levels of impairment in the word production system, underwent a series of naming trials. Baseline measures of naming were compared to those obtained following instructions to point, visualise, and produce gesture. The results supported the superiority of iconic gesture as a facilitator of object naming in aphasia. In particular, individuals with phonological access, storage, or encoding difficulties demonstrated significantly enhanced naming abilities with the use of iconic gesture as compared to individuals with a semantic impairment or an apraxia of speech. Pointing, cued articulation, and visualisation processes did not significantly enhance naming skills in these individuals. These results are discussed within the model of lexical gesture and word production proposed by Krauss and Hadar (1999). C1 La Trobe Univ, Sch Human Commun Sci, Bundoora, Vic 3083, Australia. RP Rose, M (reprint author), La Trobe Univ, Sch Human Commun Sci, Bundoora, Vic 3083, Australia. RI Douglas, Jacinta/C-2380-2009 CR Bryden M, 1982, LATERALITY FUNCTIONA, P157 BUTTERWORTH B, 1981, JARGONAPHASIA, P113 Capirci O, 1996, J CHILD LANG, V23, P645 CODE C, 1986, BRIT J DISORD COMMUN, V21, P11 Coelho C., 1991, CLIN APHASIOLOGY, V19, P209 CONLON C, 1991, CLIN APHASIOLOGY, P185 Dabul B. L., 1979, APRAXIA BATTERY ADUL Goldin-Meadow S, 1998, NEW DIRECTIONS CHILD, V79, P29 Goodwyn S. W., 1998, NEW DIR CHILD ADOLES, V79, P61 Hadar U, 1998, BRAIN LANG, V62, P107, DOI 10.1006/brln.1997.1890 HADAR U, 1994, J NEUROLINGUIST, V8, P57, DOI 10.1016/0911-6044(94)90007-8 HANLON RE, 1990, BRAIN LANG, V38, P298, DOI 10.1016/0093-934X(90)90116-X Helm-Estabrooks N., 1992, TEST ORAL LIMB APRAX Hoodin R., 1983, CLIN APHASIOLOGY C P, P62 Howard D., 1992, PYRAMIDS PALM TREES Kay J., 1992, PSYCHOLINGUISTIC ASS KERTESZ A, 1983, W APHASIA BATTERY Krauss R., 1999, GESTURE SPEECH SIGN, P93 LEVELT W, 1989, SPEAKING INTENTION A Levelt WJM, 1999, BEHAV BRAIN SCI, V22, P1 MORRELSAMUELS P, 1992, J EXP PSYCHOL LEARN, V18, P615, DOI 10.1037/0278-7393.18.3.615 Nickels L., 1997, SPOKEN WORD PRODUCTI Pashek GV, 1997, J COMMUN DISORD, V30, P349, DOI 10.1016/S0021-9924(96)00079-2 Passy J, 1990, CUED ARTICULATION RAMSBERGER G, 1989, CLIN APHASIOLOGY, P395 RAO PR, 1994, LANGUAGE INTERVENTIO, P358 Rauscher FH, 1996, PSYCHOL SCI, V7, P226, DOI 10.1111/j.1467-9280.1996.tb00364.x RAYMER AM, 1991, CLIN APHASIOLOGY, P285 RIME B, 1992, FUNDAMENTALS NONVERB, P239 Rothi L.J.G., 1997, APRAXIA NEUROPSYCHOL SKELLY M, 1974, J SPEECH HEAR DISORD, V39, P445 SNODGRASS JG, 1980, J EXP PSYCHOL-HUM L, V6, P174, DOI 10.1037/0278-7393.6.2.174 NR 32 TC 41 Z9 41 PU PSYCHOLOGY PRESS PI HOVE PA 27 CHURCH RD, HOVE BN3 2FA, EAST SUSSEX, ENGLAND SN 0268-7038 J9 APHASIOLOGY JI Aphasiology PD OCT-NOV PY 2001 VL 15 IS 10-11 BP 977 EP 990 PG 14 WC Clinical Neurology SC Neurosciences & Neurology GA 483EW UT WOS:000171621600009 ER PT J AU McNeil, MR Doyle, PJ Fossett, TRD Park, GH Goda, AJ AF McNeil, MR Doyle, PJ Fossett, TRD Park, GH Goda, AJ TI Reliability and concurrent validity of the information unit scoring metric for the story retelling procedure SO APHASIOLOGY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 30th Annual Clinical Aphasiology Conference CY MAY, 2000 CL WAIKOLON, HAWAII ID CONNECTED SPEECH; DISCOURSE; APHASIA; ADULTS; TASKS AB This study reports the reliability and concurrent validity of the information units (IU) metric as an efficient method for quantifying the amount of information comprehended and reproduced on the Story Retelling Procedure (SRP) (Doyle et al., 2000). Subjects were 31 normal adults and 15 adults with aphasia. Significant and moderately high correlation coefficients were obtained for subjects with aphasia between %IUs and most linguistic measures including the correct information unit (Nicholas & Brookshire 1993, 1995) while low and non-significant correlations were found for many measures of language productivity, efficiency, and disruption. The %IUs among the four SRP forms within group was non-significant (p>.05) and correlations were significant and high. Normal speakers produced significantly greater %IUs than aphasic speakers. Standard error of measurement was low across forms for both groups (3-4%) and the range of individual subjects' performance overlapped between 20 and 27% for the group with aphasia and between 36 and 55% for the normal group. These results support the conclusion that %IU is a reliable and valid measure and differentiates aphasic from normal individuals better than normal individuals from persons with aphasia. C1 Univ Pittsburgh, Dept Commun Sci & Disorders, Pittsburgh, PA 15260 USA. VA Pittsburgh Hlth Care Syst, Pittsburgh, PA USA. RP McNeil, MR (reprint author), Univ Pittsburgh, Dept Commun Sci & Disorders, 4033 Forbes Tower, Pittsburgh, PA 15260 USA. CR Bayles K. A., 1993, ARIZONA BATTERY COMM Berndt R. S., 2000, QUANTITATIVE PRODUCT BOTTENBERG D, 1991, CLIN APHASIOLOGY, V19, P109 Brookshire R. H., 1997, DISCOURSE COMPREHENS Chafe W. L., 1980, ADV DISCOURSE PROCES, V3, P9 Chapman R, 1986, SYSTEMATIC ANAL LANG Cherney LR, 1997, APHASIOLOGY, V11, P351, DOI 10.1080/02687039708248476 Doyle P. J., 1995, AM J SPEECH-LANG PAT, V4, P130 Doyle P. J., 1996, AM J SPEECH-LANG PAT, V5, P53, DOI 10.1044/1058-0360.0503.53 Doyle PJ, 1998, APHASIOLOGY, V12, P561, DOI 10.1080/02687039808249558 DOYLE PJ, 1994, CLIN APHASIOL, V22, P135 Doyle PJ, 2000, APHASIOLOGY, V14, P537 Goodglass H, 1983, ASSESSMENT APHASIA R, V2nd Kearns K. P., 1985, CLIN APHASIOLOGY, P196 LI EC, 1995, J COMMUN DISORD, V28, P39, DOI 10.1016/0021-9924(95)91023-Z McNeil M. R., 1988, HDB SPEECH LANGUAGE, P738 McNeil M. R., 1978, REV TOKEN TEST McNeil M. R., 1995, AM J SPEECH-LANG PAT, V4, P76, DOI 10.1044/1058-0360.0404.76 MENN L, 1994, APHASIOLOGY, V8, P343, DOI 10.1080/02687039408248664 Nicholas Linda E., 1995, Journal of Speech and Hearing Research, V38, P145 NICHOLAS LE, 1993, J SPEECH HEAR RES, V36, P338 Oelschlaeger ML, 1999, J SPEECH LANG HEAR R, V42, P636 Porch B. E., 1981, PORCH INDEX COMMUNIC Raven JC, 1976, COLOURED PROGR MATRI SHADDEN BB, 1991, CLIN APHASIOLOGY, V20, P327 Stout CE, 2000, J MED SPEECH-LANG PA, V8, P15 Ulatowska HK, 1998, APHASIOLOGY, V12, P619, DOI 10.1080/02687039808249562 ULATOWSKA HK, 1980, CLIN APHASIOLOGY, V9, P17 WAMBAUGH JL, 1991, CLIN APHASIOLOGY, V20, P343 YORKSTON KM, 1980, J SPEECH HEAR DISORD, V45, P27 NR 30 TC 25 Z9 25 PU PSYCHOLOGY PRESS PI HOVE PA 27 CHURCH RD, HOVE BN3 2FA, EAST SUSSEX, ENGLAND SN 0268-7038 J9 APHASIOLOGY JI Aphasiology PD OCT-NOV PY 2001 VL 15 IS 10-11 BP 991 EP 1006 PG 16 WC Clinical Neurology SC Neurosciences & Neurology GA 483EW UT WOS:000171621600010 ER PT J AU Ulatowska, HK Olness, GS Wertz, RT Thompson, JL Keebler, MW Hill, CL Auther, LL AF Ulatowska, HK Olness, GS Wertz, RT Thompson, JL Keebler, MW Hill, CL Auther, LL TI Comparison of language impairment, functional communication, and discourse measures in African-American aphasic and normal adults SO APHASIOLOGY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 30th Annual Clinical Aphasiology Conference CY MAY, 2000 CL WAIKOLON, HAWAII AB We compared performance on language impairment, functional communication, and discourse measures between 33 African-American aphasic patients and 30 African-American normal subjects. The aphasic group performed significantly lower than the normal group on the Western Aphasia Battery Aphasia and Cortical Quotients, Token Test, and ASHA Functional Assessment of Communication Skills for Adults. Moreover, the aphasic group performed significantly lower than the normal group in their quality of language on a discourse task that required telling a frightening experience. Significant relationships between performance on the measures were confined to those that index language impairment. Use of a normal ethnic cohort for comparison with African-American aphasic performance may control for potential ethnic bias in the measures. In addition, use of a discourse task permits observation of grammatical and stylistic features in African-American English that may not be captured or are ignored by traditional language impairment and functional communication measures. C1 Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Nashville, TN 37212 USA. Vanderbilt Univ, Sch Med, Nashville, TN 37212 USA. Univ Texas, Dallas, TX 75230 USA. Baylor Univ, Med Ctr, Waco, TX 76798 USA. RP Wertz, RT (reprint author), VA Med Ctr, 1310 24th Ave, S Nashville, TN 37212 USA. CR ANDERSON E, 1978, CLIN APHASIOLOGY COL, pUIK BERNDT RS, 1997, C COMM DIS STROK AFR CAMPBELL AL, 1997, C COMM DIS STROK AFR CARTIER M, 1992, NAT GENET, V2, P343 CHAPMAN SB, 1998, PRAGMATICS NEUROGENI, P55 ETTERLEWIS G, 1991, DISCOURSE SOC, V2, P425, DOI 10.1177/0957926591002004004 Frattali C, 1995, AM SPEECH LANGUAGE H Goodglass H., 1983, BOSTON DIAGNOSTIC EX HOLLAND AL, 1983, TOP LANG DISORD, V3, P67 HORNER RD, 1991, STROKE, V22, P1497 Kenyon G. M, 1996, AGING BIOGRAPHY EXPL, P21 Kertesz A., 1979, APHASIA ASS DISORDER Kertesz A., 1982, W APHASIA BATTERY KITTNER SJ, 1990, JAMA-J AM MED ASSOC, V264, P1267, DOI 10.1001/jama.264.10.1267 Labov William, 1972, STUDIES BLACK ENGLIS Mitchell JB, 2000, HEALTH SERV RES, V34, P1413 PAYNE JC, 1997, C COMM DIS STROK AFR Polanyi Livia, 1989, TELLING AM STORY Spreen O., 1969, NEUROSENSORY CTR COM TAYLOR OL, 1992, RES RES TRAINING NEE, P1 TAYLOR OL, 1997, C COMM DIS STROK AFR Ulatowska H. K., 1994, DISCOURSE ANAL APPL, P29 ULATOWSKA HK, 1999, AM SPEECH LANG HEAR WALLACE GL, 1996, ADULT APHASIA REHABI, P103 WALLEY T, 1993, POSTGRADUATE ED GENE, V4, P50 WERTZ RT, 1997, C COMM DIS STROK AFR Wertz RT, 1997, APHASIOLOGY, V11, P533, DOI 10.1080/02687039708248489 World Health Organization, 1980, INT CLASS IMP DIS HA NR 28 TC 10 Z9 10 PU PSYCHOLOGY PRESS PI HOVE PA 27 CHURCH RD, HOVE BN3 2FA, EAST SUSSEX, ENGLAND SN 0268-7038 J9 APHASIOLOGY JI Aphasiology PD OCT-NOV PY 2001 VL 15 IS 10-11 BP 1007 EP 1016 PG 10 WC Clinical Neurology SC Neurosciences & Neurology GA 483EW UT WOS:000171621600011 ER PT J AU McCarney, CT Johnson, AF AF McCarney, CT Johnson, AF TI Examining conversational characteristics of persons with chronic aphasia during three group conversations SO APHASIOLOGY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 30th Annual Clinical Aphasiology Conference CY MAY, 2000 CL WAIKOLON, HAWAII ID EFFICACY AB This study recorded and analysed conversation samples from a group of six people with chronic aphasia during three different sampling conditions. The authors examined each group member's verbal output using components of SALT for Windows(R) (Miller & Chapman, 1999) and a preliminary conversational-turn rating system. Results showed high variability in the SALT data (i.e., quantitative performance) and slight variability in the preliminary conversational-turn ratings (i.e., qualitative performance) for participants in each conversational topic. Possible key features of aphasia group communication were identified. New directions for aphasia group study are discussed. C1 Wayne State Univ, CCC SLP, Detroit, MI 48202 USA. RP McCarney, CT (reprint author), Wayne State Univ, CCC SLP, 581 Manoogian Hall,906 W Warren Ave, Detroit, MI 48202 USA. CR ATEN JL, 1982, J SPEECH HEAR DISORD, V47, P93 AVENT J, 1997, MANUAL COOPERATIVE G Avent J., 1997, J MED SPEECH-LANG PA, V5, P9 BEESON P, 1995, TOPICS STROKE REHABI, V2, P85 BOLES L, 1993, ANN CONV AM SPEECH L BOLLINGER RL, 1993, APHASIOLOGY, V7, P301, DOI 10.1080/02687039308249512 COELHO CA, 1998, ANAL DISCOURSE COMMU Damico JS, 1999, APHASIOLOGY, V13, P667 DOYLE PJ, 1994, CLIN APHASIOL, V22, P135 Elman R. J., 1999, GROUP TREATMENT NEUR Elman RJ, 1999, J SPEECH LANG HEAR R, V42, P411 ERLICH J, 1985, COGNITIVE REHABITATI, V3, P32 ERLICH J, 1989, BRAIN INJURY, V3, P193 GARRETT K, 1999, GROUP TREATMENT NEUR Guilford J. P., 1954, PSYCHOMETRIC METHODS KEARNS K, 2001, LANGUAGE INTERVENTIO KLIPPI A, 1990, APHASIOLOGY, V5, P373 Liles B., 1998, ANAL DISCOURSE COMMU MARSHALL RC, 1999, GROUP TREATMENT NEUR Marshall Robert, 1993, AM J SPEECH-LANG PAT, V2, P31 McGraw KO, 1996, PSYCHOL METHODS, V1, P30, DOI 10.1037/1082-989X.1.4.390 MILLER JF, 1999, SYSTEMATIC ANAL LANG SACKS H, 1974, LANGUAGE, V50, P696, DOI 10.2307/412243 Shadden B. B., 1998, ANAL DISCOURSE COMMU SITTNER M, 1996, AM SPEECH LANG HEAR SPITZBERG BH, 1987, COMMUN EDUC, V36, P28 WAMBAUGH JL, 1991, CLIN APHASIOLOGY, V20, P343 WERTZ RT, 1981, J SPEECH HEAR RES, V24, P580 NR 28 TC 2 Z9 2 PU PSYCHOLOGY PRESS PI HOVE PA 27 CHURCH RD, HOVE BN3 2FA, EAST SUSSEX, ENGLAND SN 0268-7038 J9 APHASIOLOGY JI Aphasiology PD OCT-NOV PY 2001 VL 15 IS 10-11 BP 1017 EP 1028 PG 12 WC Clinical Neurology SC Neurosciences & Neurology GA 483EW UT WOS:000171621600012 ER PT J AU Armstrong, E AF Armstrong, E TI Connecting lexical patterns of verb usage with discourse meanings in aphasia SO APHASIOLOGY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 30th Annual Clinical Aphasiology Conference CY MAY, 2000 CL WAIKOLON, HAWAII ID SENTENCE PROCESSING DEFICITS; SPONTANEOUS SPEECH; FLUENT APHASIA; RETRIEVAL; THERAPY; REPAIR; AGRAMMATISM; LANGUAGE; ADULTS AB The paper describes the impact of lexical patterns found in the discourse of aphasic speakers on overall discourse meanings and ability to participate in everyday genres such as the recount. In particular, the usage of different types of verbs by four aphasic speakers and their functions in the discourse are examined and compared with that of normal control speakers. Results suggest that the semantic patterns of verbs used by aphasic speakers are different from those of normal speakers, leading to restricted variety of meanings conveyed in recounts and for some speakers, restricted communicative functions. Effects of word frequency and imageability are also discussed. C1 Univ Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia. RP Armstrong, E (reprint author), Macquarie Univ, Dept Linguist, N Ryde, NSW 2109, Australia. CR Bastiaanse R, 1998, APHASIOLOGY, V12, P951, DOI 10.1080/02687039808249463 Bastiaanse R, 1996, APHASIOLOGY, V10, P561, DOI 10.1080/02687039608248437 Berndt RS, 1997, BRAIN LANG, V56, P107 Bird H, 1996, J NEUROLINGUIST, V9, P187, DOI 10.1016/0911-6044(96)00006-1 Breedin SD, 1998, BRAIN LANG, V63, P1, DOI 10.1006/brln.1997.1923 BROOKSHIRE RH, 1994, J SPEECH HEAR RES, V37, P399 BYNG S, 1988, COGNITIVE NEUROPSYCH, V5, P629, DOI 10.1080/02643298808253277 CLORAN C, 1993, THESIS MACQUARIE U S COLTHEART M, 1981, Q J EXP PSYCHOL-A, V33, P497 DALY FM, 1977, CURTIN KERR EGGINS S, 1997, WORKING FUNCTIONAL G Ferguson A, 1998, APHASIOLOGY, V12, P1007, DOI 10.1080/02687039808249466 FERGUSON A, 1994, APHASIOLOGY, V8, P143, DOI 10.1080/02687039408248647 Goodglass H., 1964, CORTEX, V1, P133, DOI [10.1016/S0010-9452(64)80018-6, DOI 10.1016/S0010-9452(64)80018-6] GOODGLASS H, 1993, CORTEX, V29, P377 Goodglass H., 1983, BOSTON DIAGNOSTIC AP, V2nd Halliday M. A. K., 1985, INTRO FUNCTIONAL GRA HOLLAND AL, 1982, J SPEECH HEAR DISORD, V47, P50 Jesperson O, 1965, MODERN ENGLISH GRAMM JONES EV, 1986, BRIT J DISORD COMMUN, V21, P63 Edwards S, 1998, APHASIOLOGY, V12, P99, DOI 10.1080/02687039808250466 Kerschensteiner M, 1972, Cortex, V8, P233 Kucera H., 1967, COMPUTATIONAL ANAL P LEBRUN Y, 1999, ADV SPEECH LANGUAGE, V2, P1 Lindsay J, 1999, APHASIOLOGY, V13, P305 LOAMS J, 1989, J SPEECH HEAR DISORD, V54, P113 MARIN OSM, 1976, ANN NY ACAD SCI, V280, P868, DOI 10.1111/j.1749-6632.1976.tb25550.x Marshall J, 1997, APHASIOLOGY, V11, P855, DOI 10.1080/02687039708250461 Martin J. R., 1986, WORKING PAPERS LINGU MICELI G, 1984, CORTEX, V20, P207 MYERSON R, 1972, LANG SPEECH, V15, P40 NICKELS L, 1991, BRIT J DISORD COMMUN, V26, P175 SAFFRAN EM, 1989, BRAIN LANG, V37, P440, DOI 10.1016/0093-934X(89)90030-8 SCHWARTZ MF, 1994, APHASIOLOGY, V8, P19, DOI 10.1080/02687039408248639 Thompson CK, 1997, APHASIOLOGY, V11, P473, DOI 10.1080/02687039708248485 ULATOWSKA HK, 1992, APHASIOLOGY, V6, P325, DOI 10.1080/02687039208248602 ZINGESER LB, 1990, BRAIN LANG, V39, P14, DOI 10.1016/0093-934X(90)90002-X NR 37 TC 9 Z9 9 PU PSYCHOLOGY PRESS PI HOVE PA 27 CHURCH RD, HOVE BN3 2FA, EAST SUSSEX, ENGLAND SN 0268-7038 J9 APHASIOLOGY JI Aphasiology PD OCT-NOV PY 2001 VL 15 IS 10-11 BP 1029 EP 1045 DI 10.1080/02687040143000375 PG 17 WC Clinical Neurology SC Neurosciences & Neurology GA 483EW UT WOS:000171621600013 ER PT J AU Lalor, E Kirsner, K AF Lalor, E Kirsner, K TI The role of cognates in bilingual aphasia: Implications for assessment and treatment SO APHASIOLOGY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 30th Annual Clinical Aphasiology Conference CY MAY, 2000 CL WAIKOLON, HAWAII ID WORDS; LEXICON AB A morphological description of the bilingual lexical system suggests that bilingual lexical organisation is similar to that in monolinguals and is governed by the morphological relationships between words. According to this theory, lexical items are stored in clusters according to their morphology and regardless of language. Cognates (words that are similar across languages) are stored together in the same lexical cluster, whereas non-cognates (words that are dissimilar across languages) are stored separately. This paper presents the results of a study that examined performance on word recognition tasks for cognates and non-cognates in an Italian/English aphasic subject. The subject completed naming and lexical decision tasks involving cognates and non-cognates. Performance was better on cognates in both languages, and low-frequency cognates in the more impaired language benefited from their high-frequency translations. These results have implications for current theories of bilingual lexical organisation and the assessment and treatment of bilingual aphasia. C1 Royal Perth Hosp, Speech Pathol Dept, Perth, WA 6847, Australia. Univ Western Australia, Nedlands, WA 6009, Australia. RP Lalor, E (reprint author), Royal Perth Hosp, Speech Pathol Dept, POB X2213, Perth, WA 6847, Australia. CR Bybee Joan, 1985, MORPHOLOGY STUDY REL CHEN HC, 1989, MEM COGNITION, V17, P454, DOI 10.3758/BF03202618 COLLINS AM, 1975, PSYCHOL REV, V82, P407, DOI 10.1037//0033-295X.82.6.407 CRISTOFFANINI P, 1986, Q J EXP PSYCHOL-A, V38, P367 de Groot A. M. B., 1992, ORTHOGRAPHY PHONOLOG, P389, DOI 10.1016/S0166-4115(08)62805-8 Ellis A. W., 1988, HUMAN COGNITIVE NEUR FOWLER CA, 1985, MEM COGNITION, V13, P241, DOI 10.3758/BF03197687 Kirsner K., 1993, BILINGUAL LEXICON, P215 KIRSNER K, 1986, LANGUAGE PROCESSING LALOR E, IN PRESS PSYCHOL B R LEWANDOWSKY S, 1989, IMPLICIT MEMORY, P185 MASSON MEJ, 1990, J EXP PSYCHOL LEARN, V16, P355, DOI 10.1037//0278-7393.16.3.355 Monsell S., 1985, PROGR PSYCHOL LANGUA, V2, P147 NAPPS SE, 1987, J PSYCHOLINGUIST RES, V16, P257, DOI 10.1007/BF01067546 PARADIS M, 2000, FOLIA PHONIATR LOGO, V52, P65 Paradis M., 1989, BILINGUAL APHASIA TE Roberts PM, 1999, J COMMUN DISORD, V32, P1, DOI 10.1016/S0021-9924(98)00026-4 Roberts PM, 1998, APHASIOLOGY, V12, P119, DOI 10.1080/02687039808250467 Snodgrass J. G., 1993, BILINGUAL LEXICON, V6, P83 STADIE N, 1995, ASPECTS BILINGUAL AP, P85 TAFT M, 1979, MEM COGNITION, V7, P263, DOI 10.3758/BF03197599 NR 21 TC 16 Z9 16 PU PSYCHOLOGY PRESS PI HOVE PA 27 CHURCH RD, HOVE BN3 2FA, EAST SUSSEX, ENGLAND SN 0268-7038 J9 APHASIOLOGY JI Aphasiology PD OCT-NOV PY 2001 VL 15 IS 10-11 BP 1047 EP 1056 PG 10 WC Clinical Neurology SC Neurosciences & Neurology GA 483EW UT WOS:000171621600014 ER PT J AU Bibeau, LA Davis, GA O'Neill, T AF Bibeau, LA Davis, GA O'Neill, T TI Measuring lexical-semantic activation over time for an aphasic individual SO APHASIOLOGY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 30th Annual Clinical Aphasiology Conference CY MAY, 2000 CL WAIKOLON, HAWAII ID AUTOMATIC ACCESS; BROCAS APHASICS; DECISION; NORMS AB We were interested in whether we could identify priming effects in a mildly aphasic individual and whether these effects would be consistent over time. The method consisted of repeated semantically primed lexical decision tasks across 24 sessions. To compare automatic and controlled processing, we compared short and long stimulus onset asynchronies, and we used a neutral prime to separate facilitation and inhibition as components of overall priming. The long-term goal is to determine whether we can measure the progress of aphasic patients at automatic and controlled levels of cognitive processing. A particular configuration of prime facilitation led us to begin testing certain hypotheses regarding this configuration during the course of the study. In general, priming effects were identified, but they occurred inconsistently with repeated testing. C1 Univ Massachusetts, Amherst, MA 01003 USA. RP Davis, GA (reprint author), 90 Hawk Hill Rd, Shelburne Falls, MA 01370 USA. CR BALOTA DA, 1989, Q J EXPT PSYCHOL A, V41, P84 BATTIG WF, 1969, J EXP PSYCHOL, V80, P1, DOI 10.1037/h0027577 Baum SR, 1997, BRAIN LANG, V60, P347, DOI 10.1006/brln.1997.1829 BIBEAU LA, 1999, AM SPEECH LANG HEAR Del Toro JF, 2000, APHASIOLOGY, V14, P925 Hagoort P, 1997, BRAIN LANG, V56, P287, DOI 10.1006/brln.1997.1849 HAGOORT P, 1993, BRAIN LANG, V45, P189, DOI 10.1006/brln.1993.1043 Kaplan E, 1983, BOSTON NAMING TEST Kertesz A., 1982, W APHASIA BATTERY LUPKER SJ, 1984, J VERB LEARN VERB BE, V23, P709, DOI 10.1016/S0022-5371(84)90434-1 MILBERG W, 1995, J COGNITIVE NEUROSCI, V7, P33, DOI 10.1162/jocn.1995.7.1.33 MILBERG W, 1981, BRAIN LANG, V14, P371, DOI 10.1016/0093-934X(81)90086-9 MILBERG W, 1988, BRAIN LANG, V34, P279, DOI 10.1016/0093-934X(88)90139-3 Neely J. H., 1991, BASIC PROCESSES READ, P264 NEELY JH, 1989, J EXP PSYCHOL LEARN, V15, P1003, DOI 10.1037//0278-7393.15.6.1003 NELSON DL, 1980, BEHAV RES METH INSTR, V12, P16, DOI 10.3758/BF03208320 Norusis M.J., 1993, SPSS WINDOWS RELEASE OSTRIN RK, 1993, BRAIN LANG, V45, P147, DOI 10.1006/brln.1993.1040 RATCLIFF R, 1993, PSYCHOL BULL, V114, P510, DOI 10.1037/0033-2909.114.3.510 SCHUELL HS, 1973, DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOS Tompkins CA, 1998, AM J SPEECH-LANG PAT, V7, P48 TWILLEY LC, 1994, MEM COGNITION, V22, P111, DOI 10.3758/BF03202766 TYLER LK, 1995, BRAIN LANG, V48, P131, DOI 10.1006/brln.1995.1007 NR 23 TC 0 Z9 0 PU PSYCHOLOGY PRESS PI HOVE PA 27 CHURCH RD, HOVE BN3 2FA, EAST SUSSEX, ENGLAND SN 0268-7038 J9 APHASIOLOGY JI Aphasiology PD OCT-NOV PY 2001 VL 15 IS 10-11 BP 1057 EP 1068 PG 12 WC Clinical Neurology SC Neurosciences & Neurology GA 483EW UT WOS:000171621600015 ER PT J AU Wright, HH Newhoff, M AF Wright, HH Newhoff, M TI Revised inference processing as a measure of the working memory-processing relationship SO APHASIOLOGY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 30th Annual Clinical Aphasiology Conference CY MAY, 2000 CL WAIKOLON, HAWAII ID INDIVIDUAL-DIFFERENCES; LANGUAGE COMPREHENSION; TIME-COURSE; DISCOURSE; APHASIA; ADULTS; CAPACITY; AGE AB Processing and resource allocation models have been used in cognitive psychology and aphasiology in an attempt to investigate and explain the possible relationships among working memory and normal/disordered language-processing abilities. The interest of the present study was to determine potential benefits of employing revised inferences as the linguistic stimuli to explore these relationships further. Before application can be made to individuals with brain damage, however, results from neurologically intact individuals are needed. Therefore, we asked 30 individuals without neurological symptoms to participate in a cross-modal lexical priming study designed to measure revised inference-processing abilities, and a listening span task devised by Tompkins, Bloise, Timko, and Baumgaertner (1994) was used to measure working memory ability. Participants demonstrated priming effects for contextually appropriate target words in the two lexical decision positions housed within the revised inferences. These findings are discussed with respect to models of processing and resource allocation. Implications and applications to studies of the brain-damaged population are also considered. C1 Univ Georgia, Athens, GA 30602 USA. RP Wright, HH (reprint author), Univ Kentucky, Div Commun Disorders, 1030 S Broadway,Suite 5, Lexington, KY 40504 USA. CR Berndt RS, 1997, BRAIN LANG, V60, P197, DOI 10.1006/brln.1997.1799 BLOISE CGR, 1993, CLIN APHASIOLOGY, V21, P145 BREBION G, 1995, PSYCHOL RES-PSYCH FO, V58, P225, DOI 10.1007/BF00419637 BROWNELL HH, 1986, BRAIN LANG, V27, P310, DOI 10.1016/0093-934X(86)90022-2 CARPENTER PA, 1989, COMPLEX INFORMATION Caspari I, 1998, BRAIN COGNITION, V37, P205, DOI 10.1006/brcg.1997.0970 COHEN G, 1979, COGNITIVE PSYCHOL, V11, P412, DOI 10.1016/0010-0285(79)90019-7 DANEMAN M, 1980, J VERB LEARN VERB BE, V19, P450, DOI 10.1016/S0022-5371(80)90312-6 JUST MA, 1992, PSYCHOL REV, V99, P122, DOI 10.1037/0033-295X.99.1.122 Kintsch W., 1998, COMPREHENSION PARADI KINTSCH W, 1988, PSYCHOL REV, V95, P163, DOI 10.1037/0033-295X.95.2.163 Kucera H., 1967, COMPUTATIONAL ANAL P Lehman MT, 1998, APHASIOLOGY, V12, P771, DOI 10.1080/02687039808249572 Light L, 1990, HDB PSYCHOL AGING, P275 LIGHT LL, 1985, J GERONTOL, V40, P737 LONG DL, 1994, J EXP PSYCHOL LEARN, V20, P1456, DOI 10.1037/0278-7393.20.6.1456 NORTH AJ, 1986, INT J AGING HUM DEV, V23, P267, DOI 10.2190/BPF0-2BWD-BGNQ-HWCW SWINNEY D, 1995, BRAIN LANG, V50, P225, DOI 10.1006/brln.1995.1046 TILL RE, 1988, MEM COGNITION, V16, P283, DOI 10.3758/BF03197039 TOMPKINS CA, 1994, J SPEECH HEAR RES, V37, P896 NR 20 TC 2 Z9 2 PU PSYCHOLOGY PRESS PI HOVE PA 27 CHURCH RD, HOVE BN3 2FA, EAST SUSSEX, ENGLAND SN 0268-7038 J9 APHASIOLOGY JI Aphasiology PD OCT-NOV PY 2001 VL 15 IS 10-11 BP 1069 EP 1077 PG 9 WC Clinical Neurology SC Neurosciences & Neurology GA 483EW UT WOS:000171621600016 ER PT J AU Fassbinder, W Tompkins, CA AF Fassbinder, W Tompkins, CA TI Slowed lexical-semantic activation in individuals with right hemisphere brain damage? SO APHASIOLOGY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 30th Annual Clinical Aphasiology Conference CY MAY, 2000 CL WAIKOLON, HAWAII ID SENTENCE COMPREHENSION; CONTEXT; AGE; SENSITIVITY; SUPPRESSION; KNOWLEDGE; INCREASE; ACCESS; ADULTS AB This study investigated whether prolonged interference from contextually inappropriate semantic activation after right hemisphere damage (RHD) could be related to a slowing of lexical-semantic activation. A total of 9 adults with RHD and 8 non-brain-damaged adults judged whether auditory probe words fit the overall meaning of sentence stimuli that were biased to one interpretation of a sentence-final lexical ambiguity. Probes, presented at 0 and 1000 ms interstimulus intervals (ISI), represented the contextually inappropriate meanings of the ambiguities. At 0 ms ISI, the control group was predicted to show interference from these contextually inappropriate meanings, but if lexical activation was slowed for RHD participants, no interference would be expected. Although the previous finding of prolonged interference at 1000 ms ISI (Tompkins, Baumgaertner, Lehman, & Fassbinder, 2000) was replicated for the RHD group, neither group showed interference at 0 ms ISI. Potential accounts for these results relate to the possibility of slowed activation in normal ageing, and/or the effects of strategic processing. C1 Univ Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15260 USA. RP Fassbinder, W (reprint author), Univ Pittsburgh, 4033 Forbes Tower, Pittsburgh, PA 15260 USA. CR Balogh J, 1998, BRAIN LANG, V61, P169, DOI 10.1006/brln.1997.1917 Benton A, 1983, CONTRIBUTIONS NEUROP BOTWINICK J, 1978, AGING BEHAV COMPREHE BROWNELL HH, 1984, BRAIN LANG, V22, P253, DOI 10.1016/0093-934X(84)90093-2 Cohen J., 1983, APPL MULTIPLE REGRES, V2nd Dunn L. M., 1981, PEABODY PICTURE VOCA Feyereisen P, 1998, EXP AGING RES, V24, P21 FOLSTEIN MF, 1975, J PSYCHIAT RES, V12, P189, DOI 10.1016/0022-3956(75)90026-6 GAGNON J, 1989, LANGUAGE, V96, P95 GERNSBACHER MA, 1991, J EXP PSYCHOL LEARN, V17, P245, DOI 10.1037/0278-7393.17.2.245 GERNSBERGER MA, 1990, LANGUAGE COMPREHENSI HENIK A, 1993, J COGNITIVE NEUROSCI, V5, P45, DOI 10.1162/jocn.1993.5.1.45 Joanette Y., 1990, RIGHT HEMISPHERE VER LAVER GD, 1993, PSYCHOL AGING, V8, P34, DOI 10.1037/0882-7974.8.1.34 MARSLENWILSON W, 1980, COGNITION, V8, P1, DOI 10.1016/0010-0277(80)90015-3 Molloy R., 1990, DISCOURSE ABILITY BR, P113 Myers P. S., 1999, RIGHT HEMISPHERE DAM Myerson J, 1997, ACTA PSYCHOL, V96, P83, DOI 10.1016/S0001-6918(97)00002-4 PERFETTI CA, 2000, C CONS MEAN SEL U TE SEIDENBERG MS, 1982, COGNITIVE PSYCHOL, V14, P489, DOI 10.1016/0010-0285(82)90017-2 Shapiro L, 1998, AM J SPEECH-LANG PAT, V7, P49 SWINNEY DA, 1979, J VERB LEARN VERB BE, V18, P645, DOI 10.1016/S0022-5371(79)90355-4 TOMPKINS CA, 1990, J SPEECH HEAR RES, V33, P307 Tompkins CA, 2000, J SPEECH LANG HEAR R, V43, P62 TOMPKINS CA, IN PRESS HDB ADULT L Tompkins CA, 1998, AM J SPEECH-LANG PAT, V7, P68 Tyler L. K., 1992, SPOKEN LANGUAGE COMP ZWITSERLOOD P, 1989, COGNITION, V32, P25, DOI 10.1016/0010-0277(89)90013-9 NR 28 TC 7 Z9 8 PU PSYCHOLOGY PRESS PI HOVE PA 27 CHURCH RD, HOVE BN3 2FA, EAST SUSSEX, ENGLAND SN 0268-7038 J9 APHASIOLOGY JI Aphasiology PD OCT-NOV PY 2001 VL 15 IS 10-11 BP 1079 EP 1090 PG 12 WC Clinical Neurology SC Neurosciences & Neurology GA 483EW UT WOS:000171621600017 ER PT J AU Marquardt, TP Rios-Brown, M Richburg, T AF Marquardt, TP Rios-Brown, M Richburg, T TI Comprehension and expression of affective sentences in traumatic brain injury SO APHASIOLOGY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 30th Annual Clinical Aphasiology Conference CY MAY, 2000 CL WAIKOLON, HAWAII AB The comprehension and production of affective prosody and facial expression was investigated in subjects with traumatic brain injury and matched normal subjects. Performance on tasks designed to assess the ability to recognise affect in congruous, neutral, and ambiguous sentences and the ability to portray emotions in affectively neutral sentences revealed significant impairments for the subjects with traumatic brain injury. Analysis of correct responses to ambiguous sentences found increased reliance of brain-injured subjects on verbal compared to paralinguistic cues in interpreting the emotion of the sentence. The clinical implications of the findings relative to counselling, compensation strategies, and direct intervention for patients with traumatic brain injury are discussed. C1 Univ Texas, Dept Commun Sci & Disorders, Austin, TX 78712 USA. Univ Calif San Diego, San Diego, CA 92103 USA. Univ Memphis, Memphis, TN 38152 USA. RP Marquardt, TP (reprint author), Univ Texas, Dept Commun Sci & Disorders, Austin, TX 78712 USA. CR Antonak R. F., 1993, J HEAD TRAUMA REHAB, V8, P87 Borod JC, 1993, NEUROPSYCHOLOGY, V7, P445, DOI 10.1037//0894-4105.7.4.445 Braun C M, 1989, Brain Inj, V3, P345, DOI 10.3109/02699058909004559 Hagen C, 1984, LANGUAGE DISORDERS A, P245 Hartley LL., 1995, COGNITIVE COMMUNICAT JACKSON HF, 1987, CORTEX, V23, P293 LEZAK MD, 1978, J CLIN PSYCHIAT, V39, P592 MORTON MV, 1995, BRAIN INJURY, V9, P81, DOI 10.3109/02699059509004574 PATTERSEN L, 1991, PERCEPT MOTOR SKILL, V73, P1139 PRIGATANO GP, 1982, J PERCEPTUAL MOTOR S, V54, P859 STRATTON MC, 1994, BRAIN INJURY, V8, P631, DOI 10.3109/02699059409151016 Wechsler D., 1955, WECHSLER ADULT INTEL WEDDELL RA, 1990, NEUROPSYCHOLOGIA, V28, P49, DOI 10.1016/0028-3932(90)90085-3 YLVISAKER M, 1987, COMMUNITY REENTRY HE, P137 NR 14 TC 14 Z9 14 PU PSYCHOLOGY PRESS PI HOVE PA 27 CHURCH RD, HOVE BN3 2FA, EAST SUSSEX, ENGLAND SN 0268-7038 J9 APHASIOLOGY JI Aphasiology PD OCT-NOV PY 2001 VL 15 IS 10-11 BP 1091 EP 1101 PG 11 WC Clinical Neurology SC Neurosciences & Neurology GA 483EW UT WOS:000171621600018 ER PT J AU Croteau, C Le Dorze, G AF Croteau, C Le Dorze, G TI Spouses' perceptions of persons with aphasia SO APHASIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID STROKE; SELF AB Spouses' perceptions of 21 persons with aphasia and of 25 controls were measured with the Adjective Check List (ACL, Gough & Heilbrun, 1983). Results suggest that persons with aphasia are perceived differently from controls on the following scales: likeability, achievement, endurance, order, and succorance. Also, wives of men with and without aphasia differ on the scales of achievement and endurance. Descriptive results suggest a different experience of being a spouse of a person with aphasia compared to being a spouse of a person without aphasia. Moreover, there also appears to be a difference in being a husband or a wife of a person with aphasia. The adjectives used more frequently to describe persons with aphasia were favourable ones. The changed abilities of persons with aphasia and their familial and social environments may underlie the findings. Gender, time post-onset, the type of measure used, and the therapeutic situation need to be considered when studying psychosocial aspects of aphasia. C1 Univ Montreal, Montreal, PQ H3C 3J7, Canada. RP Croteau, C (reprint author), Ecole Orthophonie & Audiol, CP 6128,Succ Ctr Ville, Montreal, PQ H3C 3J7, Canada. RI Le Dorze, Guylaine/A-1790-2014 CR BRUMFITT S, 1993, APHASIOLOGY, V7, P569, DOI 10.1080/02687039308248631 COUPLAND N, 1991, LANGUAGE SOC ELDERLY, P25 FINE M, 1985, WOMEN DISABILITIES E FORSBERGWARLEBY G, 1996, SCANDINAVIAN J OCCUP, V3, P114, DOI 10.3109/11038129609106694 Goodglass H, 1983, ASSESSMENT APHASIA R, V2nd Gough H. G., 1983, ADJECTIVE CHECK LIST HARRIS BA, 1986, TOP GERIATR REHABIL, V1, P31 HUBERTY CJ, 1989, PSYCHOL BULL, V105, P302, DOI 10.1037//0033-2909.105.2.302 Hummert ML, 1994, INTERPERSONAL COMMUN, P162 KINSELLA GJ, 1980, SCAND J REHABIL MED, V12, P73 KITCHIN W, 1972, ADULTS ED, V2, P136 LEDORZE G, 1995, APHASIOLOGY, V9, P239 LUTSKY SM, 1994, PSYCHOL AGING, V9, P513 MALONE RL, 1970, BRIT J DISORDERS COM, V59, P174 MORRIS J, 1993, DISABLING BARRIERS E, P8 Moscovici S., 1984, SOCIAL REPRESENTATIO, P3 MURRAY HA, 1962, EXPLOR PERS, P36 MYERS DG, 1992, PSYCHOL SOCIALE, P77 Nespoulous J. L., 1986, PROTOCOLE MONTREAL T OConnor BP, 1996, PSYCHOL AGING, V11, P147, DOI 10.1037/0882-7974.11.1.147 PARR S, 1994, APHASIOLOGY, V8, P457, DOI 10.1080/02687039408248670 Parsons T, 1952, J SOC ISSUES, V8, P31 RYAN EB, 1986, LANG COMMUN, V6, P1, DOI 10.1016/0271-5309(86)90002-9 SCARR S, 1969, CHILD DEV, V40, P823, DOI 10.1111/j.1467-8624.1969.tb04544.x Scott C B, 1993, West J Nurs Res, V15, P230, DOI 10.1177/019394599301500207 Stephenson W., 1953, STUDY BEHAV SUSMAN J, 1968, EVALUATING EFFECTIVE, P363 THOMPSON SC, 1989, SOC SCI MED, V28, P239, DOI 10.1016/0277-9536(89)90267-0 THOMPSON SC, 1990, J APPL SOC PSYCHOL, V20, P115, DOI 10.1111/j.1559-1816.1990.tb00402.x Ville I, 1992, Disabil Rehabil, V14, P168 WAHRBORG P, 1989, APHASIOLOGY, V3, P93, DOI 10.1080/02687038908248978 ZRAICK RI, 1991, J SPEECH HEAR RES, V34, P123 NR 32 TC 12 Z9 12 PU PSYCHOLOGY PRESS PI HOVE PA 27 CHURCH RD, HOVE BN3 2FA, EAST SUSSEX, ENGLAND SN 0268-7038 J9 APHASIOLOGY JI Aphasiology PD SEP PY 2001 VL 15 IS 9 BP 811 EP 825 DI 10.1080/02687040143000221 PG 15 WC Clinical Neurology SC Neurosciences & Neurology GA 477LM UT WOS:000171285100001 ER PT J AU Coppens, P Hungerford, S AF Coppens, P Hungerford, S TI Crossed aphasia: Two new cases SO APHASIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID RIGHT-HANDED PATIENT; CEREBRAL ORGANIZATION; FAMILIAL SINISTRALITY; RIGHT-HEMISPHERE; DEXTRALS; LANGUAGE; HYPOTHESIS; LABILITY; STROKE AB Crossed aphasia is caused by a right-hemisphere lesion in a right-handed person. Although this unusual language lateralisation pattern is a defining characteristic, there is disagreement among authors on additional diagnostic criteria. In addition, there is a significant amount of variability between patients as to the associated symptomatology, such as the presence of apraxic or visuospatial signs. Because of the rarity of crossed aphasia, the understanding of this clinical entity depends entirely on the analysis of published case studies. This paper presents two new cases of crossed aphasia, and discusses the major issues related to crossed aphasia diagnosis and symptomatology. Procedures for the assessment of crossed aphasia patients are also suggested. C1 Plattsburgh SUNY, Plattsburgh, NY 12901 USA. RP Coppens, P (reprint author), Plattsburgh SUNY, Plattsburgh, NY 12901 USA. EM coppens@mnstate.edu CR Alexander MP, 1996, BRAIN LANG, V55, P213, DOI 10.1006/brln.1996.0102 ALEXANDER MP, 1989, BRAIN, V112, P953, DOI 10.1093/brain/112.4.953 Arlazaroff A, 1998, ISRAEL J PSYCHIAT, V35, P184 ASSAL G, 1981, ARCH NEUROL-CHICAGO, V38, P455 Barroche G, 1981, Rev Otoneuroophtalmol, V53, P389 BASSO A, 1985, CORTEX, V21, P25 BISHOP DVM, 1990, CORTEX, V26, P153 Bramwell B, 1899, LANCET, V1, P1473, DOI 10.1016/S0140-6736(01)50703-5 BROOKSHIRE R, 1992, INTRO NEUROGENIC COM Brown E., 1979, PERCEPTION SENSES BROWN JW, 1976, NEUROLOGY, V26, P183 Burns A, 1999, INT J GERIATR PSYCH, V14, P681, DOI 10.1002/(SICI)1099-1166(199908)14:8<681::AID-GPS49>3.0.CO;2-Z CAPPA SF, 1993, J NEUROL NEUROSUR PS, V56, P665, DOI 10.1136/jnnp.56.6.665 Castro-Caldas A, 1987, APHASIOLOGY, V1, P403, DOI 10.1080/02687038708248863 CLARKE B, 1965, NEUROPSYCHOLOGIA, V3, P81, DOI 10.1016/0028-3932(65)90020-5 COPPENS P, 1998, APHASIA ATYPICAL POP Coppens P, 1998, APHASIA IN ATYPICAL POPULATIONS, P203 COPPENS P, 1992, APHASIOLOGY, V6, P585, DOI 10.1080/02687039208249493 DAVOUS P, 1994, NEUROPSYCHOLOGIA, V32, P1263, DOI 10.1016/0028-3932(94)90108-2 DONOSO A, 1980, ACTA NEUROL LATINOAM, V26, P238 FAGLIA L, 1990, ITAL J NEUROL SCI, V11, P131, DOI 10.1007/BF02335556 GOLDSTEIN B, 1979, CONCOURS MED, V101, P549 HAALAND KY, 1982, BRAIN LANG, V17, P240, DOI 10.1016/0093-934X(82)90019-0 HABIB M, 1983, NEUROPSYCHOLOGIA, V21, P413, DOI 10.1016/0028-3932(83)90029-5 Hooper H. E., 1983, HOOPER VISUAL ORG TE JOANETTE Y, 1982, REV NEUROL-FRANCE, V138, P575 Kaplan E, 1983, BOSTON NAMING TEST Keane AM, 1999, BRAIN COGNITION, V40, P500, DOI 10.1006/brcg.1999.1115 Kennedy F., 1916, AM J MED SCI, V152, P849, DOI 10.1097/00000441-191612000-00006 Kertesz A., 1982, W APHASIA BATTERY Lecours A. R., 1979, APHASIE MCCLOSKEY M, 1985, BRAIN COGNITION, V4, P171, DOI 10.1016/0278-2626(85)90069-7 MORRIS PLP, 1993, AUST NZ J PSYCHIAT, V27, P601, DOI 10.3109/00048679309075822 Myers P. S., 1999, RIGHT HEMISPHERE DAM Osterrieth PA, 1944, ARCH PSYCHOLOGIE, V30, P205 PILLON B, 1979, REV NEUROL, V135, P15 PIMENTAL PA, 1989, MINI INVENTORY RIGHT PUEL M, 1982, REV NEUROL, V138, P587 Raven JC, 1990, COLOURED PROGR MATRI Raymer AM, 1997, BRAIN COGNITION, V34, P287, DOI 10.1006/brcg.1997.0919 RETIF J, 1987, EXTR COMPT REND C PS, P429 ROSS ED, 1981, ARCH NEUROL-CHICAGO, V38, P561 SNOW P, 1995, APHASIOLOGY, V9, P365, DOI 10.1080/02687039508248210 Spreen O., 1998, COMPENDIUM NEUROPSYC Springer JA, 1999, BRAIN, V122, P2033, DOI 10.1093/brain/122.11.2033 Tsai WC, 1998, SCAND J REHABIL MED, V30, P145 URBAIN E, 1978, REV NEUROL, V134, P751 Wechsler D, 1981, WECHSLER ADULT INTEL Wechsler D, 1997, WECHSLER ADULT INTEL, V3rd ZANGWILL OL, 1979, NEUROPSYCHOLOGIA, V17, P167, DOI 10.1016/0028-3932(79)90007-1 NR 50 TC 5 Z9 5 PU PSYCHOLOGY PRESS PI HOVE PA 27 CHURCH RD, HOVE BN3 2FA, EAST SUSSEX, ENGLAND SN 0268-7038 J9 APHASIOLOGY JI Aphasiology PD SEP PY 2001 VL 15 IS 9 BP 827 EP 854 DI 10.1080/02687040143000249 PG 28 WC Clinical Neurology SC Neurosciences & Neurology GA 477LM UT WOS:000171285100002 ER PT J AU Kiran, S Thompson, CK Hashimoto, N AF Kiran, S Thompson, CK Hashimoto, N TI Training grapheme to phoneme conversion in patients with oral reading and naming deficits: A model-based approach SO APHASIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID SEMANTIC ERRORS; LANGUAGE; REPRESENTATIONS; APHASIA AB A model-based treatment focused on improving grapheme to phoneme conversion as well as phoneme to grapheme conversion was implemented to train oral reading skills in two patients with severe oral reading and naming deficits. Initial assessment based on current cognitive neuropsychological models of naming indicated a deficit in the phonological output lexicon and in grapheme to phoneme conversion. Using a single subject experimental design across subjects, the effects of treatment were evaluated by periodic probing of both trained and untrained regular words across lexical tasks: oral reading, oral naming, written naming, and writing to dictation. Results indicated successful acquisition of trained reading targets for both patients, as well as generalisation to untrained reading items, oral and written naming of trained items, and writing to dictation of trained and untrained items. Irregular words probed across the four lexical tasks did not demonstrate any improvement, as the trained grapheme to phoneme conversion skills were unsuccessful when applied to irregular words. The present experiment provides evidence for incorporating cognitive neuropsychological models in aiding the development of appropriate treatment protocols, and demonstrates the importance of rule-based learning, rather than compensatory strategies, in maximising the effects of generalisation. C1 Northwestern Univ, Evanston, IL 60208 USA. RP Kiran, S (reprint author), Northwestern Univ, Evanston, IL 60208 USA. CR Bachy-Langedock N, 1989, COGNITIVE APPROACHES, P211 Bastiaanse R, 1996, APHASIOLOGY, V10, P363, DOI 10.1080/02687039608248417 BREEN K, 1994, CORTEX, V30, P231 BUCHANAN L, 1994, J NEUROLINGUIST, V8, P163, DOI 10.1016/0911-6044(94)90024-8 CARAMAZZA A, 1990, COGNITION, V37, P243, DOI 10.1016/0010-0277(90)90047-N CARAMAZZA A, 1990, CORTEX, V26, P95 Coltheart M, 1989, COGNITIVE APPROACHES, P159 CONNELL PJ, 1986, J SPEECH HEAR DISORD, V51, P214 DELL GS, 1986, PSYCHOL REV, V93, P283, DOI 10.1037//0033-295X.93.3.283 Ellis A. W., 1988, HUMAN COGNITIVE NEUR ELLIS AW, 1983, COGNITION, V15, P111, DOI 10.1016/0010-0277(83)90036-7 Frances N., 1982, FREQUENCY ANAL ENGLI FRIEDMAN RB, 1990, BRAIN LANG, V38, P278, DOI 10.1016/0093-934X(90)90115-W HILLIS A, 1999, CORTEX, V35, P1 HILLIS AE, 1991, BRAIN LANG, V40, P106, DOI 10.1016/0093-934X(91)90119-L HILLIS AE, 1995, MEMORY, V3, P333, DOI 10.1080/09658219508253156 Kaplan E., 1983, BOSTON NAMING TEST Kay J., 1992, PSYCHOLINGUISTIC ASS Kertesz A., 1982, W APHASIA BATTERY MCREYNOLDS LV, 1983, SINGLE PARTICIPANT E Miceli G, 1996, BRAIN LANG, V52, P150, DOI 10.1006/brln.1996.0008 NICKELS L, 1992, COGNITIVE NEUROPSYCH, V9, P155, DOI 10.1080/02643299208252057 NITZBERGLOTT S, 1994, APHASIOLOGY, V8, P181 Nitzberg Lott S, 1999, Brain Lang, V67, P188 ORPWOOD L, 1995, CORTEX, V31, P239 Ralph MAL, 1999, COGN NEUROPSYCHOL, V16, P157, DOI 10.1080/026432999380933 RAYMER AM, 1993, APHASIOLOGY, V7, P27, DOI 10.1080/02687039308249498 SHALLICE T, 1983, Q J EXP PSYCHOL-A, V35, P111 NR 28 TC 20 Z9 20 PU PSYCHOLOGY PRESS PI HOVE PA 27 CHURCH RD, HOVE BN3 2FA, EAST SUSSEX, ENGLAND SN 0268-7038 J9 APHASIOLOGY JI Aphasiology PD SEP PY 2001 VL 15 IS 9 BP 855 EP 876 DI 10.1080/02687040143000258 PG 22 WC Clinical Neurology SC Neurosciences & Neurology GA 477LM UT WOS:000171285100003 ER PT J AU Karow, CM Marquardt, TP Marshall, RC AF Karow, CM Marquardt, TP Marshall, RC TI Affective processing in left and right hemisphere brain-damaged subjects with and without subcortical involvement SO APHASIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID COMPREHENSION; PROSODY; PERCEPTION; LANGUAGE; ORGANIZATION; LESION; SPEECH; SPECIALIZATION; IDENTIFICATION; EXPRESSION AB Affective processing ability was examined in right and left hemisphere brain-damaged subjects with cortical lesions that were grouped according to the presence or absence of concomitant subcortical basal ganglia damage. The ability to process affective speech prosody, emotional facial expressions, and linguistically coded emotional messages was measured in isolated identification tasks. Results indicated that subjects with damage to subcortical structures in addition to cortical left or right hemisphere brain damage had difficulty processing emotional words, facial expressions, and prosodic intonations. Subjects with cortical damage only, regardless of side of lesion (left or right), performed without significant difficulty across all tasks. There were hemispheric differences found in the cortical-subcortical groups. The left cortical-subcortical subjects had the greatest difficulty processing linguistic information and the right cortical-subcortical subjects had the most difficulty processing facial expression and prosodic information. Findings support the connection between higher- and lower-order brain structures in processing messages that are affectively coded. C1 Univ Rhode Isl, Dept Commun Disorders, Kingston, RI 02881 USA. Univ Texas, Austin, TX 78712 USA. Univ Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40506 USA. RP Karow, CM (reprint author), Univ Rhode Isl, Dept Commun Disorders, 2 Butterfield Rd, Kingston, RI 02881 USA. CR ALEXANDER GE, 1986, ANNU REV NEUROSCI, V9, P357, DOI 10.1146/annurev.ne.09.030186.002041 BEATON AA, 1979, ACTA PSYCHOL, V43, P103, DOI 10.1016/0001-6918(79)90016-7 BLONDER LX, 1989, BRAIN LANG, V36, P193, DOI 10.1016/0093-934X(89)90061-8 BLONDER LX, 1991, BRAIN, V114, P1115, DOI 10.1093/brain/114.3.1115 BLONDER LX, 1993, BRAIN COGNITION, V21, P44, DOI 10.1006/brcg.1993.1003 BOROD JC, 1986, NEUROPSYCHOLOGIA, V24, P169 BOROD JC, 1992, NEUROPSYCHOLOGIA, V30, P827, DOI 10.1016/0028-3932(92)90086-2 BOROD JC, 1990, J COMMUN DISORD, V23, P247, DOI 10.1016/0021-9924(90)90003-H BOROD JC, 1989, J COMMUN DISORD, V22, P93, DOI 10.1016/0021-9924(89)90026-9 BOWERS D, 1987, NEUROPSYCHOLOGIA, V25, P317, DOI 10.1016/0028-3932(87)90021-2 BRADSHAW JL, 1981, BEHAV BRAIN SCI, V4, P51 Brink T., 1982, CLIN GERONTOLOGIST, V1, P37, DOI DOI 10.1300/J018V01N01_ Brookshire R., 1993, DISCOURSE COMPREHENS BRYDEN MP, 1982, NEUROPSYCHOLOGIA, V20, P83, DOI 10.1016/0028-3932(82)90089-6 CANCELLIERE A, 1988, J CLIN EXP NEUROPSYC, V10, P62 CANCELLIERE AEB, 1990, BRAIN COGNITION, V13, P133, DOI 10.1016/0278-2626(90)90046-Q CARMON A, 1973, ACTA PSYCHOL, V37, P351, DOI 10.1016/0001-6918(73)90002-4 Code C., 1987, LANGUAGE APHASIA RIG BLUMSTEIN S, 1974, Cortex, V10, P146 CUMMINGS JL, 1984, ARCH NEUROL-CHICAGO, V41, P874 DIVAC I, 1986, CIBA FDN S, V107 GORELICK PB, 1987, J NEUROL NEUROSUR PS, V50, P553, DOI 10.1136/jnnp.50.5.553 GRAYBIEL AM, 1995, MODELS INFORMATION P HAGGARD MP, 1971, Q J EXP PSYCHOL, V23, P168, DOI 10.1080/14640747108400237 HEATH R, 1986, EMOTION THEORY RES E HEILMAN KM, 1984, NEUROLOGY, V34, P917 HEILMAN KM, 1975, J NEUROL NEUROSUR PS, V38, P69, DOI 10.1136/jnnp.38.1.69 Jackson J.H, 1879, BRAIN, V2, P203 Joanette Y., 1990, RIGHT HEMISPHERE VER KAROW CM, 1997, THESIS U TEXAS AUSTI Kertesz A., 1982, W APHASIA BATTERY KOLB B, 1981, SCIENCE, V214, P89, DOI 10.1126/science.7280683 LELANDE S, 1992, BRAIN LANG, V42, P165 LEY RG, 1979, BRAIN LANG, V7, P127, DOI 10.1016/0093-934X(79)90010-5 Marquardt T. P., 1992, CLIN APHASIOLOGY, V21, P235 Mills C. K., 1912, T COLLEGE PHYSICIANS, V34, P381 MONRADKROHN GJ, 1963, PROBLEMS DYNAMIC NEU, P110 NEBES RD, 1978, SYMMETRICAL FUNCTION, P99 NOLTE J, 1999, HUMAN BRAIN PANKSEPP J, 1982, BEHAV BRAIN SCI, V5, P407 Papez JW, 1937, ARCH NEURO PSYCHIATR, V38, P725 Pell MD, 1997, BRAIN LANG, V57, P195, DOI 10.1006/brln.1997.1736 POECK K, 1985, HDB CLIN NEUROLOGY, V49 ROBIN D, 1990, BRAIN LANG, V33, P128 ROSS ED, 1981, ARCH NEUROL-CHICAGO, V38, P561 ROSS ED, 1981, ARCH NEUROL-CHICAGO, V38, P745 ROSS ED, 1979, ARCH NEUROL-CHICAGO, V36, P144 SCHLANGER BB, 1976, BRAIN LANG, V3, P396, DOI 10.1016/0093-934X(76)90035-3 SCOTT S, 1984, J NEUROL NEUROSUR PS, V47, P840, DOI 10.1136/jnnp.47.8.840 SERON X, 1982, J COMMUN DISORD, V15, P223, DOI 10.1016/0021-9924(82)90035-1 SIDTIS JJ, 1988, BRAIN LANG, V34, P235, DOI 10.1016/0093-934X(88)90135-6 SPEEDIE LJ, 1990, J NEUROL NEUROSUR PS, V53, P607, DOI 10.1136/jnnp.53.7.607 STRAUSS E, 1981, BRAIN LANG, V13, P308, DOI 10.1016/0093-934X(81)90098-5 TOMPKING CA, 1985, J SPEECH HEAR RES, V28, P527 TUCKER DM, 1976, NEUROLOGY, V26, P354 VANLANCKER D, 1992, J SPEECH HEAR RES, V35, P963 Vuilleumier P, 1998, NEUROPSY NEUROPSY BE, V11, P40 Weniger D, 1984, Adv Neurol, V42, P41 WOLFE GI, 1987, ARCH NEUROL-CHICAGO, V44, P668 NR 59 TC 15 Z9 15 PU PSYCHOLOGY PRESS PI HOVE PA 27 CHURCH RD, HOVE BN3 2FA, EAST SUSSEX, ENGLAND SN 0268-7038 J9 APHASIOLOGY JI Aphasiology PD AUG PY 2001 VL 15 IS 8 BP 715 EP 729 DI 10.1080/02687040143000069 PG 15 WC Clinical Neurology SC Neurosciences & Neurology GA 462VN UT WOS:000170440600001 ER PT J AU Michallet, B Le Dorze, G Teatreault, S AF Michallet, B Le Dorze, G Teatreault, S TI The needs of spouses caring for severely aphasic persons SO APHASIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID CRITICALLY ILL PATIENTS; FAMILY CAREGIVERS; STRESS PROCESS; STROKE; ADJUSTMENT; RELATIVES; PARTNERS; SERVICES; SUPPORT; DISEASE AB This qualitative research aimed to identify and describe the needs perceived by spouses of persons with severe aphasia. The analyses revealed different categories of needs: (1) information, (2) need to acquire an effective mode of communication with the aphasic partner, (3) better interpersonal relationships, (4) need to be considered as a partner in the caring process, (5) support, (6) respite. These needs were not static but in interaction with one another. Moreover, they varied within a temporal axis and appeared at different time periods: within the acute hospitalisation phase, rehabilitation phase, and after the aphasic person returned home. Taking into consideration the needs of spouses of persons with severe aphasia requires an eco-systemic and interdisciplinary approach aiming for the social reintegration of the person with aphasia. Services should be developed in order to respond to the unique and individual experiences and needs of people affected by aphasia. Speech-language pathologists play a pivotal role within this approach because communication problems are central to the consequences of severe aphasia. C1 Univ Montreal, Fac Med, Ctr Readaptat, Montreal, PQ H3J 3J7, Canada. Univ Montreal, Fac Med, Ecole Orthophonie & Audiol, Montreal, PQ H3J 3J7, Canada. RP Michallet, B (reprint author), Univ Montreal, Fac Med, Ctr Readaptat, CP 6128,Succursale Ctr Ville, Montreal, PQ H3J 3J7, Canada. RI Le Dorze, Guylaine/A-1790-2014 CR ANNONI JM, 1993, APHASIOLOGY, V7, P271, DOI 10.1080/02687039308249510 Artes R, 1976, RECOVERY APHASICS, P31 Bertalanffy L. von, 1968, GEN SYSTEMS THEORY F Biegel D, 1991, FAMILY CAREGIVING CH Boise L, 1996, PATIENT EDUC COUNS, V27, P75, DOI 10.1016/0738-3991(95)00791-1 BOUCHARD JM, 1998, FREQUENCES, V10, P16 BOUCHARD JM, 1996, APPRENTISSAGE SOCIAL, V17, P21 BOWERS BJ, 1987, ADV NURS SCI, V9, P20 BRODY EM, 1985, GERONTOLOGIST, V25, P19 CHENOWETH B, 1986, GERONTOLOGIST, V26, P267 CHRISTENSEN JM, 1989, J COMMUN DISORD, V22, P225, DOI 10.1016/0021-9924(89)90018-X CLARK NM, 1983, GERONTOLOGIST, V23, P637 Cohen M H, 1993, West J Nurs Res, V15, P77, DOI 10.1177/019394599301500106 Corbin J, 1988, Nurs Times, V84, P32 CYRSTAFFORD C, 1989, S APH C CPOAQ OCT D'Amour D, 1999, SCI SOC SANTE, V17, P67 DAVIS AJ, 1980, J ADV NURS, V5, P475, DOI 10.1111/j.1365-2648.1980.tb03179.x Deloche G., 1996, Annales de Readaptation et de Medecine Physique, V39, P1, DOI 10.1016/0168-6054(96)88044-5 Denman A, 1998, DISABIL REHABIL, V20, P411 Deslauriers J., 1991, RECHERCHE QUALITATIV Duhamel F., 1995, SANTE FAMILLE APPROC FRIEDLAND J, 1987, ARCH PHYS MED REHAB, V68, P475 GARAND L, 1990, AIDE PROCHES MYTHES Goodglass H, 1983, ASSESSMENT APHASIA R, V2nd GOODMAN C, 1986, J ADV NURS, V11, P705, DOI 10.1111/j.1365-2648.1986.tb03388.x Grant JS, 1997, J FAMILY NURSING, V3, P36, DOI 10.1177/107484079700300103 Guba E. G., 1989, 4 GENERATION EVALUAT GUSDORF G, 1990, B PSYCHOL, V42, P869 GWYTHER LP, 1986, GERONTOLOGIST, V26, P245 HAMPE SO, 1975, NURS RES, V24, P114 HARTUNIAN NS, 1980, AM J PUBLIC HEALTH, V70, P1249, DOI 10.2105/AJPH.70.12.1249 HERRMANN M, 1989, APHASIOLOGY, V3, P513, DOI 10.1080/02687038908249019 Herrmann M, 1997, APHASIOLOGY, V11, P717, DOI 10.1080/02687039708249418 Kagan A, 1995, TOP STROKE REHABIL, V2, P15 Kahana E., 1994, FAMILY CAREGIVING LI, P3 KELLYHAYES M, 1988, ARCH PHYS MED REHAB, V69, P415 KINSELLA G, 1978, MANAGEMENT APHASIA Le Dorze G, 1999, APHASIOLOGY, V13, P922 LEDORZE G, 1995, APHASIOLOGY, V9, P239 LESKE JS, 1986, HEART LUNG, V15, P189 Levy R, 1994, RUPTURES, V1, P92 LYON JG, 1994, ADULT APHASIA REHABI, P137 Lyon JG, 1997, APHASIOLOGY, V11, P693, DOI 10.1080/02687039708249416 MACKENZIE C, 1993, EUR J DISORDER COMM, V28, P43 Mathis M, 1984, J Neurosurg Nurs, V16, P36 Mayer R, 1991, METHODOLOGIE RECHERC Medalie JH, 1997, DISABIL REHABIL, V19, P163 Medalie J.H., 1994, FAMILY CAREGIVING LI, P312 MICHALLET B, 2001, UNPUB CONSEQUENCES A Michallet B., 1999, Annales de Readaptation et de Medecine Physique, V42, P260, DOI 10.1016/S0168-6054(99)80064-6 Michallet B., 1999, Annales de Readaptation et de Medecine Physique, V42, P546, DOI 10.1016/S0168-6054(00)88382-8 *MIN SANT SERV SOC, 1995, VER PART VIE COMM CO MOLTER NC, 1979, HEART LUNG, V8, P332 Mucchielli Alex, 1996, DICT METHODES QUALIT NOLAN MR, 1989, J ADV NURS, V14, P950, DOI 10.1111/j.1365-2648.1989.tb01483.x NOLAN MR, 1990, J ADV NURS, V15, P544, DOI 10.1111/j.1365-2648.1990.tb01853.x NORRIS LO, 1986, HEART LUNG, V15, P194 PAQUET M, 1997, NOUVELLES PRATIQUES, V10, P111 Paquet M, 1996, CAN J AGING, V15, P442, DOI 10.1017/S0714980800005870 PAQUET M, 1992, GERONTOPHILE, V14, P3 PEARLIN LI, 1990, GERONTOLOGIST, V30, P583 PEARLIN LI, 1981, J HEALTH SOC BEHAV, V22, P337, DOI 10.2307/2136676 Pineault R., 1995, PLANIFICATION SANTE REESE DR, 1994, GERONTOLOGIST, V34, P534 ROBINSON KM, 1988, ADV NURS SCI, V10, P59 ROBINSON KM, 1988, NURS TIMES, V84, P30 Rosenthal S G, 1993, Rehabil Nurs, V18, P148 SARNO MT, 1993, APHASIOLOGY, V7, P321, DOI 10.1080/02687039308249514 TALBOT LR, 1998, INNOVATIONS APPRENTI, P75 Testani-Dufour L, 1992, J Neurosci Nurs, V24, P317 TOMM K, 1986, SYSTEMES HUMAINS, V2, P9 WAHRBORG P, 1989, APHASIOLOGY, V3, P479, DOI 10.1080/02687038908249009 WAHRBORG P, 1990, APHASIOLOGY, V4, P371, DOI 10.1080/02687039008249089 Williams A, 1994, J Neurosci Nurs, V26, P155 ZRAICK RI, 1991, J SPEECH HEAR RES, V34, P123 NR 75 TC 32 Z9 32 PU PSYCHOLOGY PRESS PI HOVE PA 27 CHURCH RD, HOVE BN3 2FA, EAST SUSSEX, ENGLAND SN 0268-7038 J9 APHASIOLOGY JI Aphasiology PD AUG PY 2001 VL 15 IS 8 BP 731 EP 747 DI 10.1080/02687040143000087 PG 17 WC Clinical Neurology SC Neurosciences & Neurology GA 462VN UT WOS:000170440600002 ER PT J AU Francis, DR Riddoch, MJ Humphreys, GW AF Francis, DR Riddoch, MJ Humphreys, GW TI Cognitive rehabilitation of word meaning deafness SO APHASIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID DEFICIT; APHASIA; SOUND AB Theoretical accounts of pure word meaning deafness are rare; accounts of its rehabilitation are virtually non-existent. We contrast the effects of two therapies in a patient with pure word meaning deafness. One therapy required only implicit auditory access from the patient (silent reading comprehension exercises). The second required explicit auditory access (auditory comprehension exercises), and thus appeared to be more suited to the exact locus of the patient's impairment. Improvement was observed after both types of therapy. However, improvement on implicit access therapy was influenced by the use of a compensatory strategy developed by the patient. In contrast, improvement on explicit access therapy was more durable, and appeared to be due to a direct effect on the audition-semantics link, rather than to compensation. We conclude that pure word meaning deafness is amenable to treatment, and that cognitive models can be useful in designing such therapy studies. C1 Univ Birmingham, Sch Psychol, Behav Brain Sci Ctr, Birmingham B15 2TT, W Midlands, England. RP Francis, DR (reprint author), Univ Birmingham, Sch Psychol, Behav Brain Sci Ctr, Birmingham B15 2TT, W Midlands, England. CR BARRY C, 1994, HDB SPELLING THEORY BEHRMANN M, 1989, BRIT J DISORD COMMUN, V24, P281 BEST W, 1994, APHASIOLOGY, V8, P223, DOI 10.1080/02687039408248655 BYNG S, 1995, EUR J DISORDER COMM, V30, P303 CARAMAZZA A, 1990, COGNITIVE NEUROPSYCH, V7, P161, DOI 10.1080/02643299008253441 Cardebat D, 1996, BRAIN LANG, V55, P170 ELLIS A, 1994, COGNITIVE NEUROPSYCH ELLIS AW, 1984, COGNITIVE NEUROPSYCH, V1, P245, DOI 10.1080/02643298408252025 FRANKLIN S, 1994, COGNITIVE NEUROPSYCH, V11, P1, DOI 10.1080/02643299408251964 Franklin S, 1996, COGNITIVE NEUROPSYCH, V13, P1139, DOI 10.1080/026432996381683 FRANKLIN S, 1989, APHASIOLOGY, V3, P189, DOI 10.1080/02687038908248991 Fukkink R, 1996, APHASIOLOGY, V10, P741, DOI 10.1080/02687039608248447 Hall DA, 1997, COGNITIVE NEUROPSYCH, V14, P1131 Howard D., 1992, PYRAMIDS PALM TREES Kay J., 1992, PALPA PSYCHOLINGUIST KOHN SE, 1986, COGNITIVE NEUROPSYCH, V3, P291, DOI 10.1080/02643298608253361 Miceli G, 1996, BRAIN LANG, V52, P150, DOI 10.1006/brln.1996.0008 Morris J, 1996, APHASIOLOGY, V10, P137, DOI 10.1080/02687039608248402 PATTERSON K, 1986, COGNITIVE NEUROPSYCH, V3, P341, DOI 10.1080/02643298608253363 Price CJ, 1996, CEREB CORTEX, V6, P62, DOI 10.1093/cercor/6.1.62 SCOTT C, 1987, THESIS CITY U LONDON Siegel S., 1988, NONPARAMETRIC STAT B Stuart M, 1995, COGNITIVE NEUROPSYCH, V12, P793, DOI 10.1080/02643299508251402 VANORDEN GC, 1987, MEM COGNITION, V15, P181 NR 24 TC 9 Z9 9 PU PSYCHOLOGY PRESS PI HOVE PA 27 CHURCH RD, HOVE BN3 2FA, EAST SUSSEX, ENGLAND SN 0268-7038 J9 APHASIOLOGY JI Aphasiology PD AUG PY 2001 VL 15 IS 8 BP 749 EP 766 DI 10.1080/02687040143000177 PG 18 WC Clinical Neurology SC Neurosciences & Neurology GA 462VN UT WOS:000170440600003 ER PT J AU Bose, A Square, PA Schlosser, R van Lieshout, P AF Bose, A Square, PA Schlosser, R van Lieshout, P TI Effects of PROMPT therapy on speech motor function in a person with aphasia and apraxia of speech SO APHASIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID VOWEL PRODUCTION AB This research examined the effectiveness of PROMPT treatment, a tactile-kinaesthetic speech motor treatment, on the acquisition and generalisation of precision and automaticity of speech movements in an individual with Broca's aphasia and apraxia of speech. Using a single subject multiple probe design across behaviours, treatment effects and generalisation were examined for three linguistically different forms of sentences including imperatives, active declaratives, and interrogatives. Results indicated improved speech precision and sequencing of speech movements for trained and untrained sentences for imperative and active declarative forms only. There was no effect of treatment on the interrogatives. Findings are discussed in the context of motor facilitation and its relationship to the linguistic complexity of utterances. Furthermore, the relevance of the interface between motor-linguistic processes in individuals with aphasia and apraxia of speech and implications for resource allocation constructs are addressed. C1 Univ Toronto, Dept Speech Language Pathol, Toronto, ON M5S 3H2, Canada. Northeastern Univ, Boston, MA 02115 USA. RP Bose, A (reprint author), Univ Toronto, Dept Speech Language Pathol, 6 Queens Pk Crescent W, Toronto, ON M5S 3H2, Canada. RI van Lieshout, Pascal/A-1371-2008 OI van Lieshout, Pascal/0000-0001-8139-8900 CR BAUM SR, 1993, BRAIN LANG, V44, P431, DOI 10.1006/brln.1993.1026 BAUM SR, 1990, BRAIN LANG, V39, P33, DOI 10.1016/0093-934X(90)90003-Y BAUM SR, 1992, APHASIOLOGY, V6, P501, DOI 10.1080/02687039208249487 Baum SR, 1996, BRAIN LANG, V52, P328, DOI 10.1006/brln.1996.0015 Benson D. F., 1996, APHASIA CLIN PERSPEC BERNDT RS, 1988, HDB NEUROPSYCHOLOGY, P347 Blumstein S. E., 1998, ACQUIRED APHASIA, P157, DOI 10.1016/B978-012619322-0/50008-7 BLUMSTEIN S E, 1990, P33 Chumpelik D., 1984, SEMINARS SPEECH LANG, V5, P139, DOI 10.1055/s-0028-1085172 Dabul B. L., 1979, APRAXIA BATTERY ADUL Darley F. L., 1982, APHASIA Darley F.L, 1975, MOTOR SPEECH DISORDE Davis G, 1985, ADULT APHASIA REHABI Deck J., 1986, LANGUAGE INTERVENTIO, P320 Duffy J.R, 1995, MOTOR SPEECH DISORDE Freed DB, 1997, APHASIOLOGY, V11, P365, DOI 10.1080/02687039708248477 GLEASON JB, 1975, BRAIN LANG, V24, P451 Goodglass H, 1983, ASSESSMENT APHASIA R, V2nd Hayden D., 1999, VERBAL MOTOR PRODUCT HAYDEN D, 1999, PROMPT MANUAL LEVEL Hayden D A, 1994, Clin Commun Disord, V4, P162 HELMESTABROOKS N, 1981, HELM ELICITED LANGUA HORNER RD, 1978, J APPL BEHAV ANAL, V11, P189, DOI 10.1901/jaba.1978.11-189 Kaplan E, 1983, BOSTON NAMING TEST KEARNS KP, 1986, J SPEECH HEAR DISORD, V51, P204 Kent R. D., 1987, PHONETIC APPROACHES, P181 Kertesz A., 1982, W APHASIA BATTERY MANNER KJ, 2000, J SPEECH LANG HEAR R, V43, P560 MAURY C, 1979, LINGUISTIQUE, V15, P69 McNeil MR, 1997, CLIN MANAGEMENT SENS, P311 McNeil M.R., 1990, CEREBRAL CONTROL SPE, P349 MCNEIL MR, 1991, CLIN APHASIOLOGY, V20, P21 Murray LL, 1999, APHASIOLOGY, V13, P91, DOI 10.1080/026870399402226 Murray LL, 1997, J SPEECH LANG HEAR R, V40, P792 ROSENBEK JC, 1973, J SPEECH HEAR DISORD, V38, P462 ROY EA, 1985, RECHERCHES SEMIOTIQU, V5, P402 RYALLS JH, 1986, BRAIN LANG, V29, P48, DOI 10.1016/0093-934X(86)90033-7 SQUARE PA, 1994, LANGUAGE INTERVENTIO, P467 SQUARE PA, 1986, CLIN APHASIOLOGY C P, P221 SQUARE PA, 1985, CLIN APHASIOLOGY C P, P319 TONKOVICH JD, 1989, ADQUIRED APRAXIA SPE, P115 VANLIESHOUT PHHM, 1995, J SPEECH HEAR RES, V38, P360 vanLieshout PHHM, 1996, J SPEECH HEAR RES, V39, P76 VIJAYAN A, 1995, BRAIN LANG, V48, P106, DOI 10.1006/brln.1995.1004 Wertz RT, 1984, APRAXIA SPEECH ADULT NR 45 TC 15 Z9 16 PU PSYCHOLOGY PRESS PI HOVE PA 27 CHURCH RD, HOVE BN3 2FA, EAST SUSSEX, ENGLAND SN 0268-7038 J9 APHASIOLOGY JI Aphasiology PD AUG PY 2001 VL 15 IS 8 BP 767 EP 785 DI 10.1080/02687040143000186 PG 19 WC Clinical Neurology SC Neurosciences & Neurology GA 462VN UT WOS:000170440600004 ER PT J AU Pedersen, PM Vinter, K Olsen, TS AF Pedersen, PM Vinter, K Olsen, TS TI The Communicative Effectiveness Index: Psychometric properties of a Danish adaptation SO APHASIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID FUNCTIONAL COMMUNICATION; APHASIA; STROKE AB The study investigated the psychometric characteristics of a Danish adaptation and translation of the Communicative Effectiveness Index (CETI). A total of 68 patients with left hemisphere strokes, who had aphasia on admission, were assessed with the CETI at least 1 year after stroke, when 53 of them were still aphasic. Language functions were also assessed with the Western Aphasia Battery (WAB) in 65 and the Porch Index of Communicative Abilities (PICA) in 33 patients. After about 4 months 19 patients were retested in order to compare sensitivity to chance in language function. Activities of daily living were assessed with the Barthel Index (BI) and the Frenchay Activities Index (FAI), and depression was assessed with an illustrated, seven-item visual-analogue scale in a subset of the patients. Reliability measured as internal consistency was satisfactory and on the level of the original standardisation. The 3 1/2 month test-retest reliability was lower than in the WAB and the PICA when measured by correlation coefficients, but this might express real communication improvements in some patients that are not reflected in their aphasia scores. Concerning validity, the CETI had high correlations with WAB and PICA. Factor analysis suggests two factors which are interpreted as: (1) ability to formulate spoken language; and (2) ability to communicate by nonverbal means. It is concluded that the CETI can be adapted to other languages without major problems. Its general validity as a measure of functional communication is supported by the analysis of the translated version. C1 Bispebjerg Hosp, Dept Neurol, Copenhagen Aphasia Study, DK-2400 Copenhagen NV, Denmark. RP Pedersen, PM (reprint author), Bispebjerg Hosp, Dept Neurol, Copenhagen Aphasia Study, Bispebjerg Bakke 23, DK-2400 Copenhagen NV, Denmark. EM pmp@vip.cybercity.dk CR Beck A. T., 1979, COGNITIVE THERAPY DE BYNG S, 1990, APHASIOLOGY, V4, P67, DOI 10.1080/02687039008249055 Code C., 1992, CODE MULLER PROTOCOL CROCKFORD C, 1994, EUR J DISORDER COMM, V29, P165 Davis G. A., 1993, SURVEY ADULT APHASIA FRATTALI CM, 1992, APHASIOLOGY, V6, P63, DOI 10.1080/02687039208248577 KERTESZ A, 1984, NEUROLOGY, V34, P40 Kertesz A., 1982, W APHASIA BATTERY Lesser R., 1993, LINGUISTICS APHASIA LINDENSTROM E, 1991, CEREBROVASC DIS, V1, P103, DOI 10.1159/000108825 LOMAS J, 1989, J SPEECH HEAR DISORD, V54, P113 Mahoney F, 1965, MD MED J, V14, P61 Pedersen OD, 1996, FIBRINOLYSIS, V10, P153, DOI 10.1016/S0268-9499(96)80074-9 Pedersen PM, 1997, ARCH PHYS MED REHAB, V78, P161, DOI 10.1016/S0003-9993(97)90258-6 Pedersen PM, 1996, J NEUROL REHABIL, V10, P91 Pedersen PM, 1996, ARCH PHYS MED REHAB, V77, P336, DOI 10.1016/S0003-9993(96)90080-5 Penn C, 1992, S Afr J Commun Disord, V39, P74 Porch B. E., 1967, PORCH INDEX COMMUNIC ASPLUND K, 1985, STROKE, V16, P885 SPSS Inc, 1999, SPSS 10 0 Stern RA, 1997, APHASIOLOGY, V11, P59, DOI 10.1080/02687039708248455 Teasdale TW, 1997, BRAIN INJURY, V11, P543 Wade D T, 1985, Int Rehabil Med, V7, P176 NR 23 TC 3 Z9 3 PU PSYCHOLOGY PRESS PI HOVE PA 27 CHURCH RD, HOVE BN3 2FA, EAST SUSSEX, ENGLAND SN 0268-7038 J9 APHASIOLOGY JI Aphasiology PD AUG PY 2001 VL 15 IS 8 BP 787 EP 802 DI 10.1080/02687040143000195 PG 16 WC Clinical Neurology SC Neurosciences & Neurology GA 462VN UT WOS:000170440600005 ER PT J AU Geary, DC Hoard, MK AF Geary, DC Hoard, MK TI Numerical and arithmetical deficits in learning-disabled children: Relation to dyscalculia and dyslexia SO APHASIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID OF-PROCESSING DIFFERENCES; BRAIN-DAMAGED SUBJECTS; COGNITIVE ADDITION; DEVELOPMENTAL DYSCALCULIA; DOUBLE DISSOCIATION; COUNTING KNOWLEDGE; STRATEGY CHOICE; WORKING-MEMORY; DIFFICULTIES; DISABILITIES AB Cognitive research on the number, counting, and arithmetic competencies of children with a learning disability in arithmetic (AD) is reviewed, and similarities between the associated deficits of AD children and the deficits of individuals afflicted with dyscalculia are highlighted. It is concluded that the defining features of AD and most dyscalculias are difficulties with the procedural features associated with the solving of complex arithmetic problems and difficulties in remembering basic arithmetic facts. The procedural deficits and one form of retrieval deficit appear to be associated with functioning of the prefrontal cortex, while a second form of retrieval deficit appears to be associated with the functioning of the left parieto-occipito-temporal areas and several subcortical structures. The review ends with a discussion of the potential relation between this second form of retrieval deficit and dyslexia. C1 Univ Missouri, Dept Psychol, Columbia, MO 65211 USA. RP Geary, DC (reprint author), Univ Missouri, Dept Psychol, 210 McAlester Hall, Columbia, MO 65211 USA. CR ACKERMAN PT, 1995, DEV NEUROPSYCHOL, V11, P351 ASHCRAFT MH, 1982, J EXP CHILD PSYCHOL, V33, P216, DOI 10.1016/0022-0965(82)90017-0 Ashcraft MH, 1995, MATH COGNITION, V1, P3 ASHCRAFT MH, 1992, BRAIN COGNITION, V19, P208, DOI 10.1016/0278-2626(92)90046-O ASHCRAFT MH, 1982, DEV REV, V2, P213, DOI 10.1016/0273-2297(82)90012-0 Badian NA, 1983, PROGR LEARNING DISAB, V5, P235 Barrouillet P, 1997, INT J BEHAV DEV, V21, P253 BRIARS D, 1984, DEV PSYCHOL, V20, P607, DOI 10.1037//0012-1649.20.4.607 Bull R, 1999, DEV NEUROPSYCHOL, V15, P421 Bull R, 1997, J EXP CHILD PSYCHOL, V65, P1, DOI 10.1006/jecp.1996.2358 Carpenter T., 1984, J RES MATH EDUC, V15, P179, DOI DOI 10.2307/748348 CONWAY ARA, 1994, J EXP PSYCHOL GEN, V123, P354, DOI 10.1037//0096-3445.123.4.354 DEHAENE S, 1991, NEUROPSYCHOLOGIA, V29, P1045, DOI 10.1016/0028-3932(91)90076-K DEHAENE S, 1992, COGNITION, V44, P1, DOI 10.1016/0010-0277(92)90049-N Dehaene S, 1997, CORTEX, V33, P219, DOI 10.1016/S0010-9452(08)70002-9 Dehaene S., 1995, MATH COGNITION, V1, P83 DENCKLA MB, 1976, NEUROPSYCHOLOGIA, V14, P471, DOI 10.1016/0028-3932(76)90075-0 Fuson K., 1982, ADDITION SUBTRACTION, P67 Fuson K. C., 1988, CHILDRENS COUNTING C Gallistel C. R., 1978, CHILDS UNDERSTANDING GARNETT K, 1983, LEARN DISABILITY Q, V6, P223, DOI 10.2307/1510801 GEARY DC, 1990, J EXP CHILD PSYCHOL, V49, P363, DOI 10.1016/0022-0965(90)90065-G Geary DC, 2000, J EXP CHILD PSYCHOL, V77, P236, DOI 10.1006/jecp.2000.2561 GEARY DC, 1991, DEV PSYCHOL, V27, P787, DOI 10.1037/0012-1649.27.5.787 GEARY DC, 1995, AM PSYCHOL, V50, P24, DOI 10.1037/0003-066X.50.1.24 GEARY DC, 1991, DEV PSYCHOL, V27, P398, DOI 10.1037/0012-1649.27.3.398 Geary DC, 1999, J EXP CHILD PSYCHOL, V74, P213, DOI 10.1006/jecp.1999.2515 GEARY DC, 1993, PSYCHOL BULL, V114, P345, DOI 10.1037//0033-2909.114.2.345 Geary DC, 1994, CHILDRENS MATH DEV R GEARY DC, 1992, J EXP CHILD PSYCHOL, V54, P372, DOI 10.1016/0022-0965(92)90026-3 GEARY DC, 1987, COGNITIVE DEV, V2, P249, DOI 10.1016/S0885-2014(87)90075-X Girelli L, 1996, CORTEX, V32, P49 GROEN GJ, 1972, PSYCHOL REV, V79, P329, DOI 10.1037/h0032950 GrossTsur V, 1996, DEV MED CHILD NEUROL, V38, P25 HITCH GJ, 1991, BRIT J PSYCHOL, V82, P375 HITTMAIRDELAZER M, 1995, CORTEX, V31, P139 Hoard M. K., 1999, MATH COGNITION, V5, P65, DOI 10.1080/135467999387324 HYND GW, 1989, PSYCHOL BULL, V106, P447, DOI 10.1037//0033-2909.106.3.447 JORDAN NC, 1995, J LEARN DISABIL, V28, P53 Jordan NC, 1997, J LEARN DISABIL-US, V30, P624 Koontz K. L., 1996, MATH COGNITION, V2, P1, DOI [10.1080/135467996387525, DOI 10.1080/135467996387525] KOSC L, 1974, J LEARN DISABIL, V7, P164 Levin HS, 1996, ARCH NEUROL-CHICAGO, V53, P88 Luria A. R., 1980, HIGHER CORTICAL FUNC MCCLOSKEY M, 1986, J EXP PSYCHOL GEN, V115, P307, DOI 10.1037/0096-3445.115.4.307 MCCLOSKEY M, 1992, COGNITION, V44, P107, DOI 10.1016/0010-0277(92)90052-J MCCLOSKEY M, 1995, AM PSYCHOL, V50, P351, DOI 10.1037//0003-066X.50.5.351 MCCLOSKEY M, 1985, BRAIN COGNITION, V4, P171, DOI 10.1016/0278-2626(85)90069-7 Morris RD, 1998, J EDUC PSYCHOL, V90, P347, DOI 10.1037/0022-0663.90.3.347 OLSON R, 1989, J LEARN DISABIL, V22, P339 Ostad S., 1998, MATH COGNITION, V4, P1, DOI 10.1080/135467998387389 Ostad SA, 1997, BRIT J EDUC PSYCHOL, V67, P345 PESENTI M, 1994, CORTEX, V30, P661 RASANEN P, 1995, DEV NEUROPSYCHOL, V11, P275 ROURKE BP, 1993, J LEARN DISABIL, V26, P214 ROURKE BP, 1978, J ABNORM CHILD PSYCH, V6, P121, DOI 10.1007/BF00915788 Russell R. L., 1984, COGNITION INSTRUCT, V1, P217, DOI DOI 10.1207/S1532690XCI0102_3 Semenza C, 1997, CORTEX, V33, P483, DOI 10.1016/S0010-9452(08)70231-4 SERON X, 1991, BRAIN COGNITION, V17, P116, DOI 10.1016/0278-2626(91)90072-G SERON X, 1994, BRIT J DEV PSYCHOL, V12, P281 SHANWEILER D, 1995, PSYCHOL SCI, V6, P149, DOI 10.1111/j.1467-9280.1995.tb00324.x Siegler R. S., 1996, EMERGING MINDS PROCE SIEGLER RS, 1987, J EXP PSYCHOL GEN, V116, P250 Siegler R. S., 1984, ORIGINS COGNITIVE SK, P229 SIEGLER RS, 1988, CHILD DEV, V59, P833, DOI 10.1111/j.1467-8624.1988.tb03238.x SVENSON O, 1975, SCAND J PSYCHOL, V16, P143, DOI 10.1111/j.1467-9450.1975.tb00175.x TEMPLE CM, 1989, COGNITIVE NEUROPSYCH, V6, P93, DOI 10.1080/02643298908253287 TEMPLE CM, 1991, COGNITIVE NEUROPSYCH, V8, P155, DOI 10.1080/02643299108253370 Temple E, 1998, P NATL ACAD SCI USA, V95, P7836, DOI 10.1073/pnas.95.13.7836 WELSH MC, 1988, DEV NEUROPSYCHOL, V4, P199 NR 70 TC 72 Z9 74 PU PSYCHOLOGY PRESS PI HOVE PA 27 CHURCH RD, HOVE BN3 2FA, EAST SUSSEX, ENGLAND SN 0268-7038 J9 APHASIOLOGY JI Aphasiology PD JUL PY 2001 VL 15 IS 7 BP 635 EP 647 DI 10.1080/02687040143000113 PG 13 WC Clinical Neurology SC Neurosciences & Neurology GA 462VG UT WOS:000170440000002 ER PT J AU Girelli, L Delazer, M AF Girelli, L Delazer, M TI Numerical abilities in dementia SO APHASIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID MILD ALZHEIMERS-DISEASE; ARABIC NUMERALS; PROGRESSIVE DECLINE; SEMANTIC MEMORY; NUMBER; DYSCALCULIA; PATIENT; DEFICIT; SKILLS; ORGANIZATION AB The purpose of the present paper is to provide a critical review of the neuropsychological evidence elucidating the incidence and nature of numerical difficulties in dementia. Though long neglected, the occurrence of dyscalculia in the early stage of Alzheimer's disease (AD) has caught the attention of many, and both group studies and single-case investigations converge in identifying number processing and numerical difficulties among the early signs of dementia. Yet analysis of the available data suggests that the pattern of decline may vary greatly across individuals: numerical difficulties may be highly selective and limited to single processing mechanisms but also extended to all aspects of numerical abilities. Overall, data from AD, in agreement with acquired disorders in focal lesioned patients, confirm the dissociations between multiple functional components of the number processing and calculation system. C1 Univ Milano Bicocca, Dipartimento Psicol, I-20126 Milan, Italy. Univ Klin Neurol, Innsbruck, Austria. RP Girelli, L (reprint author), Univ Milano Bicocca, Dipartimento Psicol, Edifico U6,Piazza Ateneo Nuovo 1, I-20126 Milan, Italy. CR BADDELEY A, 1986, Q J EXP PSYCHOL-A, V38, P603 BECKER JT, 1988, J CLIN EXP NEUROPSYC, V10, P739, DOI 10.1080/01688638808402811 Cano C., 1998 Carlomagno S, 1999, ACTA NEUROL SCAND, V99, P166 CIPOLOTTI L, 1995, J EXP PSYCHOL GEN, V124, P375, DOI 10.1037/0096-3445.124.4.375 CIPOLOTTI L, 1995, COGN NEUROPSYCHOL, V12, P313, DOI 10.1080/02643299508252001 COHEN L, 1994, BRAIN, V117, P267, DOI 10.1093/brain/117.2.267 DAGENBACH D, 1992, BRAIN COGNITION, V20, P345, DOI 10.1016/0278-2626(92)90026-I Dehaene S, 1999, SCIENCE, V284, P970, DOI 10.1126/science.284.5416.970 Delazer M, 1997, NEUROCASE, V3, P461 DELOCHE G, 1995, J CLIN EXP NEUROPSYC, V17, P634, DOI 10.1080/01688639508405151 DELOCHE G, 1994, J CLIN EXP NEUROPSYC, V16, P195, DOI 10.1080/01688639408402631 DIESFELDT HFA, 1993, BEHAV NEUROL, V6, P239, DOI 10.3233/BEN-1993-6411 Fuson K., 1982, ADDITION SUBTRACTION Fuson K. C., 1988, CHILDRENS COUNTING C Gallistel C. R., 1978, CHILDS UNDERSTANDING GENTILESCHI V, 1998, 16 EUR WORKSH COGN N Girelli L, 1999, BRAIN COGNITION, V40, P132 Girelli L, 1996, CORTEX, V32, P547 GOODGLASS H, 1984, ANN C INT NEUR SOC H GRAFMAN J, 1989, CORTEX, V25, P121 GROBER E, 1991, J CLIN EXP NEUROPSYC, V13, P667, DOI 10.1080/01688639108401081 Hirono N, 1998, J NEUROL NEUROSUR PS, V65, P913, DOI 10.1136/jnnp.65.6.913 HODGES JR, 1991, BRAIN, V114, P1547, DOI 10.1093/brain/114.4.1547 JACKSON M, 1986, CORTEX, V22, P611 KAHN HJ, 1991, BRAIN COGNITION, V17, P102, DOI 10.1016/0278-2626(91)90071-F Kaufmann L., 1998 KENNEDY AM, 1995, BRAIN, V118, P185, DOI 10.1093/brain/118.1.185 Kessler J, 1996, CORTEX, V32, P755 MANDLER G, 1982, J EXPT PSYCHOL GEN, V11, P1 Mantovan MC, 1999, CORTEX, V35, P21, DOI 10.1016/S0010-9452(08)70783-4 Marterer A, 1996, ARCH GERONTOL GERIAT, V23, P189, DOI 10.1016/0167-4943(96)00720-0 MCCLOSKEY M, 1985, BRAIN COGNITION, V4, P171, DOI 10.1016/0278-2626(85)90069-7 MCGLINCHEYBERROTH R, 1989, CORTEX, V25, P697 NEBES RD, 1989, PSYCHOL BULL, V106, P377, DOI 10.1037//0033-2909.106.3.377 NEE LE, 1983, ARCH NEUROL-CHICAGO, V40, P203 NOEL MP, 1993, COGNITIVE NEUROPSYCH, V10, P317, DOI 10.1080/02643299308253467 NOEL MP, 1995, BRAIN COGNITION, V29, P151, DOI 10.1006/brcg.1995.1274 Norton LE, 1997, J CLIN EXP NEUROPSYC, V19, P857, DOI 10.1080/01688639708403766 PARLATO V, 1992, INT J GERIATR PSYCH, V7, P599, DOI 10.1002/gps.930070810 PESENTI M, 1994, CORTEX, V30, P661 POWER RJD, 1990, LANG COGNITIVE PROC, V5, P237, DOI 10.1080/01690969008402106 POWER R J D, 1978, Proceedings of the Royal Society of London Series B Biological Sciences, V200, P391, DOI 10.1098/rspb.1978.0024 Remond-Besuchet C., 1999, MATH COGNITION, V5, P41, DOI 10.1080/135467999387315 SALMON DP, 1988, J CLIN EXP NEUROPSYC, V10, P477, DOI 10.1080/01688638808408254 Semenza C, 1997, CORTEX, V33, P483, DOI 10.1016/S0010-9452(08)70231-4 SERON X, 1991, BRAIN COGNITION, V17, P116, DOI 10.1016/0278-2626(91)90072-G TEGNER R, 1990, ACTA NEUROL SCAND, V81, P177 Thioux M, 1999, COGNITIVE NEUROPSYCH, V16, P749 NR 49 TC 11 Z9 11 PU PSYCHOLOGY PRESS PI HOVE PA 27 CHURCH RD, HOVE BN3 2FA, EAST SUSSEX, ENGLAND SN 0268-7038 J9 APHASIOLOGY JI Aphasiology PD JUL PY 2001 VL 15 IS 7 BP 681 EP 694 DI 10.1080/02687040143000122 PG 14 WC Clinical Neurology SC Neurosciences & Neurology GA 462VG UT WOS:000170440000004 ER PT J AU Girelli, L Seron, X AF Girelli, L Seron, X TI Rehabilitation of number processing and calculation skills SO APHASIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID FACTS; PATIENT; DYSCALCULIA; KNOWLEDGE; LESIONS; DEFICIT AB The main purpose of this article is to present the research that has been done on the rehabilitation of number and calculation disorders. It is argued that theoretically based rehabilitation of arithmetical processing requires the formulation of a detailed functional diagnosis based on a theoretically driven evaluation of numerical processing and calculation skills. Up to now, the strategies that have been adopted in this rehabilitation field have mainly consisted in attempts to re-teach lost knowledge via extensive practice. These therapeutic programmes are described in two domains: the transcoding of numerals and the retrieval of arithmetical facts. Finally, the authors underline the necessity to develop in the near future programmes of rehabilitation adopting a more ecological perspective. C1 Univ Milano Bicocca, Dipartimento Psicol, I-20126 Milan, Italy. Univ Catholique Louvain, B-1348 Louvain, Belgium. RP Girelli, L (reprint author), Univ Milano Bicocca, Dipartimento Psicol, Edifico U6,Piazza Ateneo Nuovo 1, I-20126 Milan, Italy. CR ASHCRAFT MH, 1992, COGNITION, V44, P75, DOI 10.1016/0010-0277(92)90051-I BUTTERWORTH B, 1995, Q J EXPT PSYCHOL, V1, P251 Butterworth B, 1999, MATH BRAIN CAMPBELL JID, 1988, J EXP PSYCHOL GEN, V117, P204, DOI 10.1037/0096-3445.117.2.204 CARAMAZZA A, 1989, COGNITIVE APPROACH N Carlomagno S, 1999, ACTA NEUROL SCAND, V99, P166 Christensen A. L., 1975, LURIAS NEUROPSYCHOLO DAHMEN W, 1982, NEUROPSYCHOLOGIA, V20, P145, DOI 10.1016/0028-3932(82)90004-5 DECORTE E, 1987, COGNITIVE PROCESS, P42 Dehaene S, 1997, CORTEX, V33, P219, DOI 10.1016/S0010-9452(08)70002-9 de la Guardia M, 1999, ADV ATOM SP, V5, P1 Delazer M, 1997, CORTEX, V33, P697, DOI 10.1016/S0010-9452(08)70727-5 Delazer M, 1998, NEUROPSYCHOL REHABIL, V8, P401 Deloche G., 1987, MATH DISABILITIES CO, P137 DELOCHE G, 1992, NEUROPSYCHOL REHABIL, V2, P257, DOI 10.1080/09602019208401413 Deloche G., 1989, COGNITIVE APPROACH N Fasotti L., 1992, ARITHMETICAL WORD PR Fasotti L., 1992, NEUROPSYCHOL REHABIL, V2, P3, DOI DOI 10.1080/09602019208401392 Girelli L, 1996, CORTEX, V32, P49 Girelli L, 1996, CORTEX, V32, P547 HECAEN H., 1961, REV NEUROL [PARIS], V105, P85 HITTMAIRDELAZER M, 1994, BRAIN, V117, P715, DOI 10.1093/brain/117.4.715 JACKSON M, 1986, CORTEX, V22, P611 JACQUEMIN A, 1991, REEDUCATION NEUROPSY KOSC L, 1974, J LEARNING DISABILIT, V7, P159 LAMPL Y, 1994, NEUROLOGY, V44, P1759 LeFevre JA, 1996, J EXP PSYCHOL GEN, V125, P284, DOI 10.1037/0096-3445.125.3.284 LEWIS C, 1994, J CHILD PSYCHOL PSYC, V35, P283, DOI 10.1111/j.1469-7610.1994.tb01162.x LHERMITT.F, 1972, REV NEUROL, V127, P415 Luria A. R., 1966, HIGHER CORTICAL FUNC Mayer R. E., 1984, ADV PSYCHOL HUMAN IN, V2, P231 Mayer R. E., 1983, THINKING PROBLEM SOL MAYER RE, 1987, APPL COGNITIVE PSYCH MCCLOSKEY M, 1992, COGNITION, V44, P107, DOI 10.1016/0010-0277(92)90052-J MCCLOSKEY M, 1991, BRAIN COGNITION, V17, P154, DOI 10.1016/0278-2626(91)90074-I Miceli G., 1991, DISTURBI CALCOLO DIA MICELI G, 1987, Archivio di Psicologia Neurologia e Psichiatria, V48, P260 MILNER B, 1982, PHILOS T ROY SOC B, V298, P211, DOI 10.1098/rstb.1982.0083 NOEL MP, 1993, COGNITIVE NEUROPSYCH, V10, P317, DOI 10.1080/02643299308253467 Nunes T., 1993, STREET MATH SCH MATH PESENTI M, 2000, NEUROPSYCHOLOGIE TRO Resnick L. B., 1982, ADDITION SUBTRACTION, P136 ROSSOR MN, 1995, J NEUROL, V242, P78, DOI 10.1007/BF00887820 SAXE GB, 1983, DEV MATH THINKING, P291 Semenza C, 1997, CORTEX, V33, P483, DOI 10.1016/S0010-9452(08)70231-4 SIEGLER RS, 1988, J EXP PSYCHOL GEN, V117, P258, DOI 10.1037//0096-3445.117.3.258 Sokol S. M., 1990, REPRESENTING NOTHING Sokol S. M., 1991, COMPLEX PROBLEM SOLV, P85 SOKOL SM, 1989, COGNITION INDIVIDUAL Sullivan KS, 1996, NEUROPSYCHOL REHABIL, V6, P27, DOI 10.1080/713755495 Thioux M, 1998, NEUROCASE, V4, P371, DOI 10.1080/13554799808410633 WHESTONE T, 1998, BRAIN COGNITION, V36, P290 NR 52 TC 11 Z9 13 PU PSYCHOLOGY PRESS PI HOVE PA 27 CHURCH RD, HOVE BN3 2FA, EAST SUSSEX, ENGLAND SN 0268-7038 J9 APHASIOLOGY JI Aphasiology PD JUL PY 2001 VL 15 IS 7 BP 695 EP 712 DI 10.1080/02687040143000131 PG 18 WC Clinical Neurology SC Neurosciences & Neurology GA 462VG UT WOS:000170440000005 ER PT J AU Arkin, S Mahendra, N AF Arkin, S Mahendra, N TI Discourse analysis of Alzheimer's patients before and after intervention: Methodology and outcomes SO APHASIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID PICTURE DESCRIPTION TASK; IMPLICIT MEMORY; FLUENT APHASIA; DISEASE; DEMENTIA; INFORMATION; IMPAIRMENT; ABILITIES; HISTORY AB This article describes a content-focused easy-to-use method of analysing the discourse of Alzheimer's patients. It also reports the results of the method's application to the discourse of seven experimental and four control Alzheimer's patients before and after two semesters of participation in different versions of a multi-modality intervention programme. Eight discourse prompts, representing five different discourse types, were used. Rules for demarcating respondents' transcripts into utterances are presented. Three classes of codes-positive, neutral, and negative-are described, with examples given for each code. Discourse-based outcome measures used were ratio of topic comments to total utterances (TC/U), ratio of different nouns to total nouns (DN/TN), and ratio of vague nouns to total nouns (VN/TN). Other outcome measures were information units (IUs) produced on a picture description task, and scores on a mental status test and a standardised language test battery. All participants received twice weekly physical fitness training and, during the second semester, a weekly session of supervised volunteer work. Experimental participants received, in addition, a prescribed set of memory- and language-stimulation exercises during their fitness workout; control participants experienced unstructured conversation during that time. Interventions were administered by students, supplemented by caregivers. Experimentals outperformed controls on the MMSE and the DN/TN ratio. Neither group declined significantly on the ABCD, TC/U ratio, and VN/TN ratio. Both declined by three IUs on the picture description task, but only the control group's decline was significant. Between-group difference was significant only on the DN/TN ratio. Two experimental participants increased and two had the same MMSE score; three declined. All four controls declined. Discourse assessment is an ecologically valid method of monitoring change in Alzheimer's disease. C1 Univ Arizona, Dept Speech & Hearing Sci, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA. RP Arkin, S (reprint author), Univ Arizona, Dept Speech & Hearing Sci, POB 210071, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA. CR Aguero-Torres H, 1998, INT J GERIATR PSYCH, V13, P755, DOI 10.1002/(SICI)1099-1166(1998110)13:11<755::AID-GPS862>3.0.CO;2-Y APPEL J, 1982, BRAIN LANG, V16, P265 ARKIN S, IN PRESS NEUROPSYCHO ARKIN S, 1999, ANN CONV ANM SPPECH ARKIN S, 1999, 52 ANN S M GER SOC A ARKIN S, 1999, GOING GOLD CONTENT F ARKIN S, 2000, ALZHEIMERS DIS, V15, P314, DOI 10.1177/153331750001500502 ARKIN S, 2001, IN PRESS AM J ALZHEI Arkin S, 2000, AM J ALZHEIMERS DIS, V15, P152, DOI 10.1177/153331750001500301 Arkin SM, 1999, GERONTOLOGIST, V39, P729 ARKIN SM, 1995, VOLUNTEERS PARTNERSH Arkin SM, 2000, APHASIOLOGY, V14, P723 Arkin SM, 1996, AM J ALZHEIMERS DIS, V11, P12, DOI 10.1177/153331759601100103 BAECKMANN L, 1992, ACTA SCANDINAVICA, V84, P84 BAYLES AK, 1991, ARIZONA BATTERY COMM Bayles K. A., 1987, COMMUNICATION COGNIT BAYLES KA, 1982, BRAIN LANG, V16, P265, DOI 10.1016/0093-934X(82)90086-4 BAYLES KA, 1992, BRAIN LANG, V42, P454, DOI 10.1016/0093-934X(92)90079-T BAYLES KA, 1985, BRAIN LANG, V25, P102, DOI 10.1016/0093-934X(85)90123-3 BAYLES KA, 1983, BRAIN LANG, V19, P98, DOI 10.1016/0093-934X(83)90057-3 BEESON PM, 1987, 1987 ANN CONV AM SPE BOURGEOIS MS, 1991, J SPEECH HEAR RES, V34, P831 Bourgeois M. S., 1996, BEHAV INTERVENT, V11, P3, DOI 10.1002/(SICI)1099-078X(199601)11:1<3::AID-BRT150>3.0.CO;2-0 Bourgeois MS, 1997, GERONTOLOGIST, V37, P30 BROWN R, 1977, COGNITION, V5, P73, DOI 10.1016/0010-0277(77)90018-X BROWNELL HH, 1993, NARATIVE DISCOURSE N Brush J. A., 1998, THERAPY TECHNIQUE IM Burns MS, 1985, RIC EVALUATION COMMU Camphuysen C.J., 1995, Sula, V9, P1 Chapman SB, 1997, APHASIOLOGY, V11, P337, DOI 10.1080/02687039708248475 COLLINS AM, 1975, PSYCHOL REV, V82, P407, DOI 10.1037//0033-295X.82.6.407 Crovitz H.F., 1986, AUTOBIOGRAPHICAL MEM, P273 DELIS DC, 1984, CALIFORNIA PROVERB T DESANTI S, 1994, DISCOURSE ANAL APPL, P201 EHRLICH J, 1990, THESIS CUNY NY, P201 Ehrlich J. S., 1994, DISCOURSE ANAL APPL, P149 FOLSTEIN MF, 1975, J PSYCHIAT RES, V12, P189, DOI 10.1016/0022-3956(75)90026-6 Garcia L. J., 1994, DISCOURSE ANAL APPL, P161 GEWIRTH LR, 1984, BRAIN LANG, V21, P307, DOI 10.1016/0093-934X(84)90054-3 Giles E, 1996, APHASIOLOGY, V10, P395, DOI 10.1080/02687039608248419 Goodglass H, 1972, ASSESSMENT APHASIA R HELMESTABROOKS N, 1992, APHASIA DIAGNOSTIC P HIER DB, 1985, BRAIN LANG, V25, P117, DOI 10.1016/0093-934X(85)90124-5 HIRSCH ED, 1988, DICT CULTURAL LIT WH HOLLAND AL, 1985, BRAIN LANG, V24, P156, DOI 10.1016/0093-934X(85)90101-4 HOPPER T, 1998, J MED SPEECH-LANG PA, V6, P73 HUFF FJ, 1986, BRAIN LANG, V28, P235, DOI 10.1016/0093-934X(86)90103-3 JOHNSON K, 1998, ASAH SPECIAL INTERES, P11 KAGAN A, 1993, APHASIA TREATMENT WO Kaplan E, 1983, BOSTON NAMING TEST Kempler D., 1995, DEMENTIA COMMUNICATI, P98 KIRSHNER HS, 1984, NEUROPSYCHOLOGIA, V22, P23, DOI 10.1016/0028-3932(84)90004-6 LAINE M, 1998, J NEUROLINGUIST, V14, P79 LIGHT LL, 1991, ANNU REV PSYCHOL, V42, P333, DOI 10.1146/annurev.ps.42.020191.002001 MAHENDRA N, 1998, MAXIMIZING FUNCTIONA MAHENDRA N, 1996, THESIS U MYSORE INDI MARTIN A, 1987, J CLIN EXP NEUROPSYC, V9, P191, DOI 10.1080/01688638708405361 Maslow K, 1997, ALZ DIS ASSOC DIS, V11, P186 Mattis S., 1988, DEMENTIA RATING SCAL MCKHANN G, 1984, NEUROLOGY, V34, P939 MORRIS JC, 1989, NEUROLOGY, V39, P1159 MUELLER AA, 1993, Z GERONTOPSYCHOLOGIE, V6, P119 NICHOLAS M, 1985, J SPEECH HEAR RES, V28, P405 Obler L. K., 1981, ACQUIRED APHASIA, P385 RIPICH D, 1991, HDB GERIATRIC COMMUN Ripich D. N., 1997, AM J ALZHEIMERS DIS, V12, P258, DOI 10.1177/153331759701200604 RIPICH DN, 1988, J SPEECH HEAR DISORD, V53, P8 RIPICH DN, 1983, CLIN APH C P MINN BR, P316 RIPICH DN, 1988, ANN CONV AM SPEECH L RIPICH DN, 2000, AM J ALZHEIMERS DIS, V15, P217, DOI 10.1177/153331750001500407 SALMON DP, 1995, DEMENTIA COMMUNICATI, P37 Santo Pietro M J, 1985, Brain Lang, V26, P230 SANTOPIETRO MJ, 1984, ANN CONV AM SPEECH L Schacter D., 1996, SEARCHING MEMORY SCHACTER DL, 1987, J EXP PSYCHOL LEARN, V13, P501, DOI 10.1037//0278-7393.13.3.501 SCHACTER DL, 1992, AM PSYCHOL, V47, P559, DOI 10.1037//0003-066X.47.4.559 SHADDEN BB, 1995, TOP LANG DISORD, V15, P75 SHADDEN BB, 1991, CLIN APHASIOLOGY, V20, P327 Shekim L. O., 1984, 12 ANN M INT NEUR SO SMITH SR, 1989, BRAIN LANG, V36, P533, DOI 10.1016/0093-934X(89)90084-9 STEVENS AB, 1993, EDUC GERONTOL, V19, P651, DOI 10.1080/0360127930190706 Strunk W., 1979, ELEMENTS STYLE TOMOEDA CK, 1993, ALZ DIS ASSOC DIS, V7, P223 Tomoeda CK, 1996, ALZ DIS ASSOC DIS, V10, P204, DOI 10.1097/00002093-199601040-00006 ULATOWSKA H, 1993, CLIN APHASIOLOGY, V23, P179 ULATOWSKA HK, 1988, NEUROPSYCHOLOGICAL S, V2, P108 ULATOWSKA HK, 1986, BRAIN LANG, V28, P24, DOI 10.1016/0093-934X(86)90088-X VICKERS C, 1998, COMMNICATION RECOVER WECHSLER D, 1981, MANUAL WAIS R NR 89 TC 10 Z9 10 PU PSYCHOLOGY PRESS PI HOVE PA 27 CHURCH RD, HOVE BN3 2FA, EAST SUSSEX, ENGLAND SN 0268-7038 J9 APHASIOLOGY JI Aphasiology PD JUN PY 2001 VL 15 IS 6 BP 533 EP 569 DI 10.1080/02687040143000032 PG 37 WC Clinical Neurology SC Neurosciences & Neurology GA 439CE UT WOS:000169092600002 ER PT J AU Singh, S Bucks, RS Cuerden, JM AF Singh, S Bucks, RS Cuerden, JM TI Evaluation of an objective technique for analysing temporal variables in DAT spontaneous speech SO APHASIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID ADULT AGE-DIFFERENCES; ALZHEIMERS-DISEASE; CONVERSATIONAL SPEECH; LANGUAGE PRODUCTION; SENILE DEMENTIA; WORKING MEMORY; APHASIA; PROGRESSION; IMPAIRMENT; COGNITION AB This paper describes a technique for quantifying the degree of speech deficits in probable dementia of Alzheimer's type (DAT). The technique involves interviewing individuals with DAT and transcribing their speech. From these transcripts five measurements that reflect the physical characteristics of this speech can be calculated, each measure being dependent on speech fluency and pauses. Eight patients with DAT and eight healthy participants were interviewed and their conversational speech analysed. The paper discusses statistical results obtained with these parameters and explores their usefulness for quantifying speech deficits in DAT. The paper recommends similar analysis with a larger sample and its integration with other linguistic methods of analysing the language deficits experienced by people with DAT. C1 Univ Exeter, Dept Comp Sci, Exeter EX4 4PT, Devon, England. Univ Bristol, Bristol BS8 1TH, Avon, England. RP Singh, S (reprint author), Univ Exeter, Dept Comp Sci, Exeter EX4 4PT, Devon, England. RI Bucks, Romola/B-9164-2011 OI Bucks, Romola/0000-0002-4207-4724 CR Alzheimer A., 1907, CENTRALBLATT NERVENH, V30, P177 ANDREASEN NJC, 1976, ARCH GEN PSYCHIAT, V33, P1361 APA, 1995, DIAGN STAT MAN MENT APPELL J, 1982, BRAIN LANG, V17, P73, DOI 10.1016/0093-934X(82)90006-2 BADDELEY A, 1992, SCIENCE, V255, P556, DOI 10.1126/science.1736359 BADDELEY AD, 1991, BRAIN, V114, P2521, DOI 10.1093/brain/114.6.2521 Bayles K. A., 1987, COMMUNICATION COGNIT BAYLES KA, 1982, BRAIN LANG, V16, P265, DOI 10.1016/0093-934X(82)90086-4 BAYLES KA, 1991, ARCH NEUROL-CHICAGO, V48, P155 BECKER JT, 1992, PSYCHOL MED, V22, P437 BECKER JT, 1988, ARCH NEUROL-CHICAGO, V45, P263 BENSON DF, 1967, CORTEX MILANO, V3, P373 BLANKEN G, 1987, COGNITION, V27, P247, DOI 10.1016/S0010-0277(87)80011-2 Bucks RS, 2000, APHASIOLOGY, V14, P71 CROCKFORD C, 1994, EUR J DISORDER COMM, V29, P165 DELOCHE G, 1986, BRIAN LANGUAGE, V8, P241 FEYEREISEN P, 1986, J CLIN EXP NEUROPSYC, V8, P393, DOI 10.1080/01688638608401329 FOLSTEIN MF, 1975, J PSYCHIAT RES, V12, P189, DOI 10.1016/0022-3956(75)90026-6 Fu L. M., 1994, NEURAL NETWORKS COMP HENDERSO.A, 1966, LANG SPEECH, V9, P207 ILLES J, 1989, BRAIN LANG, V37, P628, DOI 10.1016/0093-934X(89)90116-8 Jolliffe IT, 1986, PRINCIPAL COMPONENTS KEMPER S, 1994, J GERONTOL, V49, P223 Kempler D., 1994, DEMENTIA NORMAL AGIN Kertesz A, 1974, Can J Neurol Sci, V1, P7 KREINDLER A, 1980, BRAIN LANG, V9, P199, DOI 10.1016/0093-934X(80)90140-6 MCKHANN G, 1984, NEUROLOGY, V34, P939 Newman S, 1938, AM J PSYCHIAT, V94, P913 NORUSIS J, 1997, STAT PACKAGE SOCIAL Obler L. K., 1983, LANGUAGE FUNCTIONS B, P267 Pindzola R. H., 1989, LANG SPEECH HEAR SER, V20, P133 RIPICH DN, 1988, J SPEECH HEAR DISORD, V53, P8 Romero B, 1996, DEMENTIA, V7, P35, DOI 10.1159/000106850 SALTHOUSE TA, 1993, DEV PSYCHOL, V29, P722, DOI 10.1037//0012-1649.29.4.722 Salthouse TA, 1996, PSYCHOL REV, V103, P403, DOI 10.1037/0033-295X.103.3.403 Salthouse TA, 1998, NEUROPSYCHOLOGY, V12, P242, DOI 10.1037/0894-4105.12.2.242 SCHWARTZ MF, 1979, BRAIN LANG, V7, P277, DOI 10.1016/0093-934X(79)90024-5 SEVUSH S, 1993, J NEUROPSYCH CLIN N, V5, P66 SINGH S, 1995, P 3 INT C STAT AN TE SINGH S, 1996, THESIS U W ENGLAND B SINGH S, 1994, P 5 INT C SPEECH SCI SPINNLER H, 1988, COGNITIVE NEUROPSYCH, V5, P193, DOI 10.1080/02643298808252933 Ulatowska H. K., 1995, DEMENTIA COMMUNICATI, P115 VANDONGEN HR, 1994, CORTEX, V30, P619 NR 44 TC 10 Z9 10 PU PSYCHOLOGY PRESS PI HOVE PA 27 CHURCH RD, HOVE BN3 2FA, EAST SUSSEX, ENGLAND SN 0268-7038 J9 APHASIOLOGY JI Aphasiology PD JUN PY 2001 VL 15 IS 6 BP 571 EP 583 DI 10.1080/02687040143000041 PG 13 WC Clinical Neurology SC Neurosciences & Neurology GA 439CE UT WOS:000169092600003 ER PT J AU Marshall, RC Freed, DB Karow, CM AF Marshall, RC Freed, DB Karow, CM TI Learning of subordinate category names by aphasic subjects: A comparison of deep and surface-level training methods SO APHASIOLOGY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Annual Meeting of the Academy-of-Aphasia CY OCT, 2000 CL MONTREAL, CANADA SP Acad Aphasia ID FACILITATION; PICTURE; MEMORY; RECALL; DEPTH AB This study compared the effects of two cueing methods on aphasic subjects' learning and recall of unknown subordinate category names of dogs. One method, personalised cueing, required a deep level of stimulus processing. The second, phonological cueing, provided the subject with surface-level information about the target word's phonemic characteristics. A total of 30 aphasic subjects were assigned randomly to Personalised (PERS) or Phonological (PHON) training conditions. Training was identical for the groups with the exception that PERS group subjects created their own cues to aid recall of unknown dog names (e.g., Kuvasz), whereas PHON group subjects were provided a first phoneme cue (e.g., /kuh/) and the number of syllables in the dog's name by the examiner. During training, the examiner presented the personalised or phonological cue, and the subject named a coloured picture of the dog. Naming accuracy was measured across the 12 training trials. A dog name was considered as learned if the subject responded correctly after a personalised or phonological cue for the final four training trials. Recall of learned items was assessed with post-training probes 1 week, 1 month, and 6 months after completion of training. Subjects were not provided with cues for the probes. Subjects in the PERS group had significantly higher levels of naming accuracy after cues and recalled significantly more of the learned dog names on the probes. Findings confirmed the authors' hypothesis regarding the durability of personalised cueing in aiding subjects in learning unfamiliar names. Results of the study are discussed in terms of three attributes of traditional aphasic naming treatments put forth by Howard and colleagues (Howard et al., 1985): prompting, facilitation, and therapy. C1 Univ Rhode Isl, Dept Commun Disorders, Kingston, RI 02881 USA. Calif State Univ Fresno, Fresno, CA 93740 USA. RP Marshall, RC (reprint author), Univ Rhode Isl, Dept Commun Disorders, 2 Butterfield Rd,Suite 1, Kingston, RI 02881 USA. CR CRAIK FIM, 1975, J EXP PSYCHOL GEN, V104, P268, DOI 10.1037//0096-3445.104.3.268 CRAIK FIM, 1972, J VERB LEARN VERB BE, V11, P671, DOI 10.1016/S0022-5371(72)80001-X FISHER RP, 1977, J EXP PSYCHOL-HUM L, V3, P701, DOI 10.1037//0278-7393.3.6.701 Freed D. B., 1995, AM J SPEECH-LANG PAT, V4, P105 Freed D. B., 1996, CLIN APHASIOLOGY, V24, P193 FREED DB, 1995, J SPEECH HEAR RES, V38, P1081 Freed DB, 1998, PERCEPT MOTOR SKILL, V87, P795 GOODGLASS H, 1979, CORTEX, V15, P199 Healy A., 1992, LEARNING PROCESSES C, V2, P35 HOWARD D, 1985, COGNITIVE NEUROPSYCH, V2, P49, DOI 10.1080/02643298508252861 LI EC, 1991, APHASIOLOGY, V5, P51, DOI 10.1080/02687039108248519 LI E, 1983, CLIN APHASIOLOGY, P96 LI EC, 1989, APHASIOLOGY, V3, P619, DOI 10.1080/02687038908249028 LOVE R, 1977, J SPEECH HEAR DISORD, V42, P17 MARSHALL R, 1994, CLIN APHASIOLOGY, V22, P3335 MARSHALL RC, 1992, APHASIOLOGY, V6, P567, DOI 10.1080/02687039208249492 Marshall RC, 2000, BRAIN LANG, V74, P438 MOSCOVITCH M, 1976, J VERB LEARN VERB BE, V15, P447, DOI 10.1016/S0022-5371(76)90040-2 PEASE D M, 1978, Cortex, V14, P178 Porch B. E., 1981, PORCH INDEX COMMUNIC VANLANCKER D, 1990, BRAIN LANG, V39, P511, DOI 10.1016/0093-934X(90)90159-E VANLANCKER D, 1992, APHASIOLOGY, V6, P37, DOI 10.1080/02687039208248576 WALLACE GJ, 1985, J SPEECH HEAR DISORD, V50, P37 NR 23 TC 14 Z9 14 PU PSYCHOLOGY PRESS PI HOVE PA 27 CHURCH RD, HOVE BN3 2FA, EAST SUSSEX, ENGLAND SN 0268-7038 J9 APHASIOLOGY JI Aphasiology PD JUN PY 2001 VL 15 IS 6 BP 585 EP 598 DI 10.1080/02687040143000050 PG 14 WC Clinical Neurology SC Neurosciences & Neurology GA 439CE UT WOS:000169092600004 ER PT J AU Pachalska, M MacQueen, BD AF Pachalska, M MacQueen, BD TI Episodic aphasia with residual effects in a patient with progressive dementia resulting from a mitochondrial cytopathy (MELAS) SO APHASIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID LACTIC-ACIDOSIS; MYOPATHY; ENCEPHALOPATHY; FEATURES; MUTATION; DISEASE; ADULTS; DNA AB This paper describes an unusual case of aphasia, not previously reported in the literature, in a patient diagnosed with MELAS, a mitochondrial cytopathy. The patient (KS, a 22-year-old right-handed Polish female) presents with episodic aphasia against the background of progressive dementia, with the successive episodes leaving a residual effect that has slowly but steadily accumulated. A variety of standardised neurolinguistic and neuropsychological instruments (including WAIS-R, WMS-R, WAB, BNT, CNAB-R) were used to develop a dynamic, holistic clinical picture of K.S.'s disturbances, in terms of both semantic and pragmatic performance. She experiences dramatic but brief episodic aphasia (including severe anomia) occurring in the course of repeated "stroke-like episodes'', which typically end with rapid (but incomplete) spontaneous remission. At the same time, she exhibits progressive dementia and steadily deteriorating communication skills on the pragmatic level. The authors discuss the possible reasons for the configuration of aphasia symptoms in this patient and their association with the course of the disease, and the implications of the results for aphasiological theory and practice. C1 Cracow Rehabil Ctr, Dept Rehabil Med, Krakow, Poland. RP Pachalska, M (reprint author), Cracow Rehabil Ctr, Dept Rehabil Med, Krakow, Poland. CR BARKOVICH AJ, 1993, AM J NEURORADIOL, V14, P1119 Brownell Hiram, 2000, LANGUAGE BRAIN REPRE, P185, DOI 10.1016/B978-012304260-6/50012-8 CHANTRAINE Y, 1998, HDB NEUROLINGUISTICS, P261, DOI 10.1016/B978-012666055-5/50021-6 Chinnery PF, 1997, J NEUROL NEUROSUR PS, V63, P559, DOI 10.1136/jnnp.63.5.559 Code C., 1987, LANGUAGE APHASIA RIG CRIMMINS D, 1993, J NEUROL NEUROSUR PS, V56, P900, DOI 10.1136/jnnp.56.8.900 DiMauro S, 1999, ANN NEUROL, V45, P693, DOI 10.1002/1531-8249(199906)45:6<693::AID-ANA2>3.0.CO;2-# DIMAURO S, 1999, ELSEVIERS ENCY NEURO DiMauro S, 1997, MOL GENETIC BASIS NE, P201 DiMauro S, 1998, NAT GENET, V19, P214, DOI 10.1038/883 DIMAURO S, 1999, NEUROLOGIA NEUROCHIR, V1, P41 Goto Y., 1995, MUSCLE NERVE S, V3, P107 Hart R P, 1996, Appl Neuropsychol, V3, P8, DOI 10.1207/s15324826an0301_2 Helm-Estabrooks N, 1998, APHASIOLOGY, V12, P689, DOI 10.1080/02687039808249566 Helm-Estabrooks N., 1991, MANUAL APHASIA THERA Hillis AE, 1999, APHASIOLOGY, V13, P743 HIRANO M, 1994, J CHILD NEUROL, V9, P4 HIRANO M, 1999, MOTOR DISORDERS JACKSON M, 1999, MELAS PRIMER Kertesz A., 1982, W APHASIA BATTERY KOTSIMBOS N, 1994, HUM MUTAT, V4, P132, DOI 10.1002/humu.1380040207 Leech Geoffrey N., 1983, PRINCIPLES PRAGMATIC LEHMAN MT, 2000, APHASIOLOGY, V14, P483 MURDOCH BE, 1991, APHASIOLOGY, V5, P183, DOI 10.1080/02687039108249481 Ogrezeanu V, 1994, Rom J Neurol Psychiatry, V32, P77 PACHALSKA M, 1996, ZACHODNIA BATERIA AF PACHALSKA M, 2000, 9 INT APH REH C ABST PACHALSKA M, 1999, NEUROLOGIA NEUROC S3, V1, P212 PACHALSKA M, 1995, APHASIOLOGY, V9, P193, DOI 10.1080/02687039508248706 PACHALSKA M, 1995, PATOMECHANIZM CHARAK PACHALSKA M, 1999, AFAZIOLOGIA PACHALSKA M, 1986, WYDAWNICTWO MONOGRAF, V28 PAVLAKIS SG, 1984, ANN NEUROL, V16, P481, DOI 10.1002/ana.410160409 Prayson RA, 1998, ARCH PATHOL LAB MED, V122, P978 SCHLAKE HP, 1994, CLIN NEUROL NEUROSUR, V96, P92, DOI 10.1016/0303-8467(94)90037-X Schmahmann JD, 1997, INT REV NEUROBIOL, V41, P433 Sue CM, 1998, J NEUROL NEUROSUR PS, V65, P233, DOI 10.1136/jnnp.65.2.233 Tompkins CA, 1999, APHASIOLOGY, V13, P725 TROUNCE I, 1989, LANCET, V1, P637 Vanhalle C, 2000, APHASIOLOGY, V14, P1127, DOI 10.1080/02687030050174665 Vilarinho L, 1999, J NEUROL SCI, V163, P168, DOI 10.1016/S0022-510X(99)00030-1 WALLACE DC, 1992, SCIENCE, V33, P28 WECHSLER D, 1986, WMS R MANUAL WECHSLE Wechsler D, 1981, WAIS R MANUAL WECHSL NR 44 TC 4 Z9 4 PU PSYCHOLOGY PRESS PI HOVE PA 27 CHURCH RD, HOVE BN3 2FA, EAST SUSSEX, ENGLAND SN 0268-7038 J9 APHASIOLOGY JI Aphasiology PD JUN PY 2001 VL 15 IS 6 BP 599 EP 615 DI 10.1080/02687040143000078 PG 17 WC Clinical Neurology SC Neurosciences & Neurology GA 439CE UT WOS:000169092600005 ER PT J AU Luzzatti, C Toraldo, A Guasti, MT Ghirardi, G Lorenzi, L Guarnaschelli, C AF Luzzatti, C Toraldo, A Guasti, MT Ghirardi, G Lorenzi, L Guarnaschelli, C TI Comprehension of reversible active and passive sentences in agrammatism SO APHASIOLOGY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 10th Annual Meeting of Theoretical and Experimental Neuropsychology CY JUN 17-19, 1999 CL MONTREAL, CANADA ID WORD ORDER PROBLEM; WORKING-MEMORY; BROCAS APHASIA; LANGUAGE; CAPACITY; DEFICITS; ROLES AB Agrammatism is a language disorder characterised by a morphological and/or syntactic deficit in spontaneous speech. Such deficits are usually associated with comprehension disorders-though it is said that this is not always the case-which result in a certain degree of variability in syntactic, lexical, and morpholexical performance. The purpose of this study is to reconsider the nature of comprehension disorders in agrammatism, to test whether Grodzinsky's Trace Deletion Hypothesis (TDH) can be generalised to all agrammatic patients, and to ascertain whether the pattern of impairment observed in agrammatism differs from that present in fluent aphasic patients. Eleven agrammatic patients were tested by means of a sentence comprehension task comprising simple active and passive reversible sentences. The performance of the agrammatic patients was compared to that of 16 fluent aphasic (10 Wernicke's and 6 conduction) and 10 control subjects. The deficits observed in the agrammatic subjects were compatible with the TDH, but there was also impaired processing of pronouns (elements that are also subject to movement) and a mild deficit on the processing of simple active sentences. The fluent aphasic patients showed a similar pattern of impairment. A logistic regression analysis was then applied to each single case separately, in order to study the homogeneity of the patients' performance within each aphasic subgroup. Of the 11 agrammatic patients, 3 did not show comprehension disorders, 5 had a specific deficit for passive movement, 1 a lexical deficit for pronouns only, and 1 a pattern of impairment compatible with Linebarger et al.'s trade-off theory. The last patient showed a deficit for simple active reversible sentences compatible with damage to the mapping of grammatical functions to thematic roles. Similar patterns of impairment were also found in the fluent aphasic sample. Overall, the results lead to the conclusion that the TDH cannot be generalised to all agrammatic patients, that the mechanism it invokes is not the only source responsible for agrammatic comprehension disorders and also contributes to comprehension disorders in fluent aphasic patients. C1 Univ Milan Bicocca, Dept Psychol, I-20126 Milan, Italy. Int Sch Adv Studies, Trieste, Italy. G Salvini Gen Hosp, Rho, Italy. S Maugeri Fdn, Veruno, Italy. S Maugeri Fdn, Montescano, Italy. RP Luzzatti, C (reprint author), Univ Milan Bicocca, Dept Psychol, Bld U6,Piazza Ateneo Nuovo 1, I-20126 Milan, Italy. CR BASSO A, 1980, CORTEX, V16, P631 Berndt RS, 1996, COGNITION, V58, P289, DOI 10.1016/0010-0277(95)00682-6 Berndt RS, 1999, BRAIN LANG, V67, P242, DOI 10.1006/brln.1999.2130 BERNDT RS, 1980, APPL PSYCHOLINGUIST, V1, P225, DOI 10.1017/S0142716400000552 Bradley D. C., 1980, BIOL STUDIES MENTAL Caplan D, 1996, BRAIN, V119, P933, DOI 10.1093/brain/119.3.933 Caplan D., 1988, DISORDERS SYNTACTIC CAPLAN D, 1986, BRAIN LANG, V27, P117, DOI 10.1016/0093-934X(86)90008-8 Caplan D, 1999, BEHAV BRAIN SCI, V22, P77 CAPLAN D, 1995, COGNITIVE NEUROPSYCH, V12, P637, DOI 10.1080/02643299508252011 CARAMAZZA A, 1976, BRAIN LANG, V3, P572, DOI 10.1016/0093-934X(76)90048-1 Cecchetto C., 2000, PROBUS, V12, P93, DOI 10.1515/prbs.2000.12.1.93 Chomsky N., 1981, LECT GOVT BINDING CINQUE G, 1990, TYPES DEPENDENCIES De Mauro T., 1993, LESSICO FREQUENZA IT DRUKS J, 1995, COGNITION, V55, P311, DOI 10.1016/0010-0277(94)00651-Z Gnmshaw Jane, 1990, ARGUMENT STRUCTURE Goodglass H., 1968, DEV APPL PSYCHOLINGU GRODZINSKY Y, 1986, BRAIN LANG, V27, P135, DOI 10.1016/0093-934X(86)90009-X GRODZINSKY Y, 1989, BRAIN LANG, V37, P480, DOI 10.1016/0093-934X(89)90031-X GRODZINSKY Y, 1988, 26 ANN M AC APH MONT Grodzinsky Y, 1999, BRAIN LANG, V67, P134, DOI 10.1006/brln.1999.2050 Grodzinsky Y, 1995, BRAIN LANG, V51, P469, DOI 10.1006/brln.1995.1072 HICKOK G, 1993, BRAIN LANG, V45, P371, DOI 10.1006/brln.1993.1051 Hickok G, 1996, BRAIN LANG, V52, P314, DOI 10.1006/brln.1996.0014 Isserlin M, 1922, Z GESAMTE NEUROL PSY, V75, P332, DOI 10.1007/BF02901581 Jackendoff Ray, 1990, SEMANTIC STRUCTURES JAREMA G, 1987, BRAIN LANG, V32, P215, DOI 10.1016/0093-934X(87)90125-8 JUST MA, 1992, PSYCHOL REV, V99, P122, DOI 10.1037/0033-295X.99.1.122 KAYNE R, 1989, DIALECTS VARIATION T KEAN ML, 1977, COGNITION, V5, P9, DOI 10.1016/0010-0277(77)90015-4 KOLK H, 1992, LANG COGNITIVE PROC, V7, P89, DOI 10.1080/01690969208409381 KOOPMAN H, 1991, LINGUA, V85, P211, DOI 10.1016/0024-3841(91)90022-W Lenneberg E., 1967, BIOL FDN LANGUAGE LINEBARGER MC, 1983, COGNITION, V13, P361, DOI 10.1016/0010-0277(83)90015-X LONZI L, 1993, BRAIN LANG, V45, P306, DOI 10.1006/brln.1993.1048 Luzzatti C., 1996, AACHENER APHASIE TES, V2nd McCullagh P, 1983, GEN LINEAR MODELS MCNALLY L, 1992, LINGUIST INQ, V23, P336 MICELI G, 1983, BRAIN LANG, V19, P65, DOI 10.1016/0093-934X(83)90056-1 OBLER LK, 1978, BRAIN LANG, V6, P318, DOI 10.1016/0093-934X(78)90065-2 Ouhalla Jamal, 1993, LINGUISTISCHE BERICH, V143, P3 Rizzi L., 1990, RELATIVIZED MINIMALI SAFFRAN EM, 1980, BRAIN LANG, V10, P263, DOI 10.1016/0093-934X(80)90056-5 SCHWARTZ MF, 1980, BRAIN LANG, V10, P249, DOI 10.1016/0093-934X(80)90055-3 Sportiche D., 1995, PHRASE STRUCTURE LEX WILLMES K, 1985, J CLIN EXP NEUROPSYC, V7, P331, DOI 10.1080/01688638508401268 NR 47 TC 19 Z9 19 PU PSYCHOLOGY PRESS PI HOVE PA 27 CHURCH RD, HOVE BN3 2FA, EAST SUSSEX, ENGLAND SN 0268-7038 J9 APHASIOLOGY JI Aphasiology PD MAY PY 2001 VL 15 IS 5 BP 419 EP 441 DI 10.1080/02687040143000005 PG 23 WC Clinical Neurology SC Neurosciences & Neurology GA 439CD UT WOS:000169092500001 ER PT J AU Mortley, J Enderby, P Petheram, B AF Mortley, J Enderby, P Petheram, B TI Using a computer to improve functional writing in a patient with severe dysgraphia SO APHASIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID THERAPY; REHABILITATION; DISORDERS; APHASIA; BUFFERS; ADULTS AB This case study describes and evaluates the therapy administered to MF to improve his severe writing impairment caused by a stroke eighteen months prior to this therapy intervention. Therapy was based on developing a compensatory strategy using his residual skills of being able to spell a word orally. A detailed account of the sequence of therapy procedures is given, initially focusing on specific non-functional tasks, followed by therapy with a more functional focus. A computer was used throughout the intervention to facilitate intensive repetitive practice. The intervention proved to be successful, both in terms of improvements on assessments and with evidence of functional benefits. The use of both a dictionary to support the strategy and an adaptive word processor to promote functional carryover is described. The role of the computer in therapy is discussed as a tool to facilitate repetitive practice of therapy and encourage the independent use of the strategy embodied in therapy. C1 Frenchay Hosp, Speech & Language Therapy Res Unit, Aphasia Comp Team, Bristol BS16 1LE, Avon, England. RP Mortley, J (reprint author), Frenchay Hosp, Speech & Language Therapy Res Unit, Aphasia Comp Team, Bristol BS16 1LE, Avon, England. CR BRUCE C, 1987, BRIT J DISORD COMMUN, V22, P191 BURTON E, 1988, APHASIOLOGY, V2, P479, DOI 10.1080/02687038808248954 Byng S., 1993, APHASIA TREATMENT WO, P115 CARAMAZZA A, 1987, COGNITION, V26, P59, DOI 10.1016/0010-0277(87)90014-X DELOCHE G, 1993, APHASIOLOGY, V7, P201, DOI 10.1080/02687039308249506 EDMUNDSON A, 1995, TREATMENT APHASIA TH, P223 FISHER L, 1989, COGNITIVE APPROACHES, P355 FRERAR AM, 1995, TREATMENT APHASIA TH, P223 KATZ R, 1984, CLIN APH C MINN KATZ R, 1989, CLIN APH C KATZ R, 1983, CLIN APH C MINN KATZ R, 1982, CLIN APH C MINN Katz RC, 1997, J SPEECH LANG HEAR R, V40, P493 KAY J, 1996, PALPA PSYCHOLINGUIST KINSEY C, 1990, APHASIOLOGY, V4, P281, DOI 10.1080/02687039008249080 KINSEY C, 1986, BRIT J DISORD COMMUN, V21, P125 LESSER R, 1990, COGNITIVE NEUROPSYCH, V7, P347, DOI 10.1080/02643299008253448 LOVERSO FL, 1987, APHASIOLOGY, V1, P157, DOI 10.1080/02687038708248827 MORTLEY J, 1999, APHASIA THERAPY FILE, P79 MORTLEY J, 1998, THESIS U EXETER UK Nickels L, 1996, APHASIOLOGY, V10, P21, DOI 10.1080/02687039608248397 Petheram B., 1996, DISABILITY REHABILIT, V16, P61 Petheram B, 1996, APHASIOLOGY, V10, P267, DOI 10.1080/02687039608248412 PETHERAM BL, 1991, J NEUROLINGUIST, V6, P177, DOI 10.1016/0911-6044(91)90006-5 Pound C, 1996, APHASIOLOGY, V10, P283, DOI 10.1080/02687039608248413 ROBERTSON I, 1990, APHASIOLOGY, V4, P381, DOI 10.1080/02687039008249090 SERON X, 1980, J SPEECH HEAR DISORD, V45, P45 STACHOWIAK FJ, 1993, DEV ASSESSMENT REHAB NR 28 TC 24 Z9 25 PU PSYCHOLOGY PRESS PI HOVE PA 27 CHURCH RD, HOVE BN3 2FA, EAST SUSSEX, ENGLAND SN 0268-7038 J9 APHASIOLOGY JI Aphasiology PD MAY PY 2001 VL 15 IS 5 BP 443 EP 461 DI 10.1080/02687040042000188 PG 19 WC Clinical Neurology SC Neurosciences & Neurology GA 439CD UT WOS:000169092500002 ER PT J AU Hinckley, JJ Patterson, JP Carr, TH AF Hinckley, JJ Patterson, JP Carr, TH TI Differential effects of context- and skill-based treatment approaches: Preliminary findings SO APHASIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID FUNCTIONAL COMMUNICATION; APHASIA; THERAPY; EFFICACY; DISORDERS; SPEECH AB Context- and skill-based treatment approaches, as embodied by functional and cognitive neuropsychological interventions, predict different patterns of acquisition and transfer of skill based on their theoretical foundations. This project was designed to compare the relative outcomes of these two treatment approaches on a comprehensive set of functional and psycholinguistic measures among aphasic adults. Twelve subjects with chronic, nonfluent aphasia were randomly assigned to each of the two treatments, and their performance compared to that of a baseline group consisting of five nonfluent aphasic subjects. Context-based training focused on role-plays of a functional task, and skill-based training focused on a naming intervention divorced from a functional context. Preliminary findings suggested that patterns of improvement and transfer at post-treatment testing were generally consistent with predictions. The results are a preliminary step towards making empirically based clinical decisions about what treatment type is appropriate for which individual. C1 Univ S Florida, Tampa, FL 33620 USA. Cent Michigan Univ, Mt Pleasant, MI 48859 USA. Michigan State Univ, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA. RP Hinckley, JJ (reprint author), Univ S Florida, 4202 E Fowler Ave,BEH 255, Tampa, FL 33620 USA. CR ATEN JL, 1986, LANGUAGE INTERVENTIO ATEN JL, 1982, J SPEECH HEAR DISORD, V47, P93 BYNG S, 1995, EUR J DISORDER COMM, V30, P303 BYNG S, 1994, CLIN APHASIOL, V22, P265 Carr T. H., 1990, READING ITS DEV COMP Coltheart M., 1994, COGNITIVE NEUROPSYCH DARLEY FL, 1972, J SPEECH HEAR DISORD, V37, P3 FISK AD, 1989, APPL ERGON, V20, P2, DOI 10.1016/0003-6870(89)90002-1 Goodglass H., 1983, BOSTON DIAGNOSTIC AP, V2nd HILLIS AE, 1989, ARCH PHYS MED REHAB, V70, P632 HOLLAND AL, 1982, J SPEECH HEAR DISORD, V47, P50 Holland A. L., 1999, COMMUNICATION ACTIVI HOLLAND AL, 1983, CLIN APHASIOLOGY Hollingshead A. B., 1975, 4 FACTOR INDEX SOCIA HOWARD D, 1985, BRAIN, V108, P817 Kay J., 1992, PSYCHOLINGUISTIC ASS LEDORZE G, 1995, NEUROPSYCHOL REHABIL, V5, P51 LOGAN GD, 1988, PSYCHOL REV, V95, P492, DOI 10.1037//0033-295X.95.4.492 LOMAS J, 1989, J SPEECH HEAR DISORD, V54, P113 MITCHUM CC, 1995, NEUROPSYCHOL REHABIL, V5, P1, DOI 10.1080/09602019508520173 Nickels L, 1996, APHASIOLOGY, V10, P21, DOI 10.1080/02687039608248397 PARMELEE PA, 1990, J AM GERIATR SOC, V38, P1379 PRINS RS, 1989, APPL PSYCHOLINGUIST, V10, P85, DOI 10.1017/S0142716400008432 ROBEY RR, 1994, BRAIN LANG, V47, P585 Robey RR, 1998, J SPEECH LANG HEAR R, V41, P172 Ross KB, 1999, APHASIOLOGY, V13, P113, DOI 10.1080/026870399402235 SHEWAN CM, 1984, BRAIN LANG, V23, P272, DOI 10.1016/0093-934X(84)90068-3 SPRINGER L, 1993, APHASIOLOGY, V7, P251, DOI 10.1080/02687039308249509 NR 28 TC 19 Z9 19 PU PSYCHOLOGY PRESS PI HOVE PA 27 CHURCH RD, HOVE BN3 2FA, EAST SUSSEX, ENGLAND SN 0268-7038 J9 APHASIOLOGY JI Aphasiology PD MAY PY 2001 VL 15 IS 5 BP 463 EP 476 DI 10.1080/02687040042000340 PG 14 WC Clinical Neurology SC Neurosciences & Neurology GA 439CD UT WOS:000169092500003 ER PT J AU Pound, C Parr, S Duchan, J AF Pound, C Parr, S Duchan, J TI Using partners' autobiographical reports to develop, deliver, and evaluate services in aphasia SO APHASIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID QUALITATIVE METHODS; PSYCHIATRIC MORBIDITY; FAMILY CAREGIVERS; STROKE; INTERVENTIONS; SUPPORT; CONVERSATION; SATISFACTION; IMPACT; ISSUES AB Four women whose husbands had aphasia were asked to talk about their lives in several in-depth interviews. Themes from their accounts were used to plan, deliver, and evaluate a support course. Themes from their initial interviews were used to create a course plan containing skill training, provision of information, and discussion topics. Themes emerging from their reports during course discussions provided a means for participants to explore and problem-solve their current issues. Evaluation of the course was based on themes drawn from two post-course interviews. Findings suggest that (1) aphasia affected these four participants differently, (2) themes from autobiographical reports were useful in planning content of a course to assure its relevance, (3) issues raised by participants during the course served to assure course relevance in its delivery, and (4) autobiographical descriptions offered a way of discovering whether and how the course experience had an ongoing impact on the lives of the participants. It is concluded that the collection and analysis of autobiographical reports provide an effective way to design, deliver and evaluate learning in a support course for partners of those with aphasia. C1 Connect Commun Disabil Network, London SE1 1HL, England. City Univ London, London EC1V 0HB, England. SUNY Buffalo, Buffalo, NY 14260 USA. RP Pound, C (reprint author), Connect Commun Disabil Network, 16-18 Marshalsea Rd, London SE1 1HL, England. CR ANDERSON C, 1992, AFTERMATH STROKE EXP ANDERSON CS, 1995, STROKE, V26, P843 Becker G., 1997, DISRUPTED LIVES PEOP Bevington L. J., 1985, AUSTR J HUMAN COMMUN, V13, P117 BORENSTEIN P, 1987, SCAND J REHABIL MED, V19, P51 Bowling J. H., 1977, AUSTR J HUMAN COMMUN, V5, P29 BRYMAN, ANAL QUALITATIVE DAT Byng S., 2000, ACQUIRED NEUROLOGICA Cant R, 1999, APHASIOLOGY, V13, P900, DOI 10.1080/026870399401641 CARNWATH TCM, 1987, BRIT MED J, V294, P409 Crossley M, 2000, INTRO NARRATIVE PSYC Damico JS, 1999, APHASIOLOGY, V13, P651 Damico JS, 1999, APHASIOLOGY, V13, P667 Dennis M, 2000, J NEUROL NEUROSUR PS, V68, P47, DOI 10.1136/jnnp.68.1.47 Department of Health, 1999, PAT PUBL INV NHS Frank AW, 1995, WOUNDED STORYTELLER HAMMELL KRW, 1992, DISABILITY HANDICAP, V7, P349 JOHANNSENHORBAC.M, 1999, SEMINARS SPEECH LANG, V20, P73 JUDGE K, 1993, J SOC POLICY, V22, P299 Kagan A, 1998, APHASIOLOGY, V12, P851, DOI 10.1080/02687039808249580 Kleinman A, 1988, ILLNESS NARRATIVES S KNIGHT B, 1999, GERONTOLOGIST, V33, P240 Le Dorze G, 1999, APHASIOLOGY, V13, P922 LONG A, 1994, RES PEOPLES HLTH LOVETT S, 1988, BEHAV THER, V19, P321, DOI 10.1016/S0005-7894(88)80005-4 LPAA Project Group, 2000, ASHA LEADER, V5, P4 LYON JG, 1995, APHASIOLOGY, V9, P33, DOI 10.1080/02687039508248687 MCADAMS DP, 1993, STORIES WE LIVE BY P MCLEOD J, 1994, DOING COUNSELING RES MINER M, 1997, BODY PHYSICAL DIFFER Mykyta L J, 1976, Age Ageing, V5, P87, DOI 10.1093/ageing/5.2.87 O'Rourke S, 1998, STROKE, V29, P980 Parr S., 1997, TALKING APHASIA LIVI POUND C, 2000, APHASIA THERAPIES LI Pring T, 1999, APHASIOLOGY, V13, P914, DOI 10.1080/026870399401687 Rice B, 1987, APHASIOLOGY, V1, P247, DOI 10.1080/02687038708248841 Riessman C. K., 1993, NARRATIVE ANAL Ritchie J, 1994, ANAL QUALITATIVE DAT Sacks Oliver, 1985, MAN WHO MISTOOK HIS Servaes P, 1999, APHASIOLOGY, V13, P889 Simmons-Mackie N, 1999, APHASIOLOGY, V13, P681 TOMKINS C, 1999, APHASIOLOGY, V13, P902 TOSELAND RW, 1989, GERONTOLOGIST, V29, P465 Turnblom M, 1952, J SPEECH HEAR DISORD, V17, P393 WAHRBORG P, 1989, APHASIOLOGY, V3, P93, DOI 10.1080/02687038908248978 Wells A, 1999, APHASIOLOGY, V13, P911, DOI 10.1080/026870399401678 Wilkinson IAG, 1998, READ RES QUART, V33, P144, DOI 10.1598/RRQ.33.2.1 WILLIAMS SE, 1993, ARCH PHYS MED REHAB, V74, P361 WILLIAMS SE, 1986, ARCH PHYS MED REHAB, V67, P250 ZIGMOND AS, 1983, ACTA PSYCHIAT SCAND, V67, P361, DOI 10.1111/j.1600-0447.1983.tb09716.x NR 50 TC 24 Z9 24 PU PSYCHOLOGY PRESS PI HOVE PA 27 CHURCH RD, HOVE BN3 2FA, EAST SUSSEX, ENGLAND SN 0268-7038 J9 APHASIOLOGY JI Aphasiology PD MAY PY 2001 VL 15 IS 5 BP 477 EP 493 DI 10.1080/02687040143000159 PG 17 WC Clinical Neurology SC Neurosciences & Neurology GA 439CD UT WOS:000169092500004 ER PT J AU Basso, A Caporali, A AF Basso, A Caporali, A TI Aphasia therapy or the importance of being earnest SO APHASIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID LANGUAGE; REHABILITATION; METAANALYSIS; RECOVERY AB Effectiveness of aphasia therapy, at least for some patients, is no longer under discussion but the specific effect of most of the variables influencing recovery is unknown. In this paper we address a question relative to the therapeutic regimen. Three pairs of patients with similar age, educational level, sex, aetiology, lesion site, and type and severity of aphasia are compared. Except for one of the control patients who was 2 months post-onset, all patients were at least 6 months post-onset (range: 6-22 months) and had already been rehabilitated when they entered the study. The three experimental subjects underwent a very long and intensive therapeutic programme (2/3 hours per day, 7 days per week, for many months), with the help of the family and volunteers. The control patients were rehabilitated daily (1 hour, 5 days a week) for similar periods of time. It is argued that the intensive treatment achieved higher test scores and more prolonged recovery and that the experimental patients made better use of their recovered language in daily life. C1 Univ Milan, I-20122 Milan, Italy. RP Basso, A (reprint author), Neurol Clin, Via F Sforza 35, I-20122 Milan, Italy. CR BASSO A, 1979, ARCH NEUROL-CHICAGO, V36, P190 BASSO A, 1977, PAZIENTE AFASICO BASSO A, 1975, REV NEUROL, V131, P607 BASSO A, 1974, ESAME LINGUAGGIO BASSO A, 1999, RIABILITAZIONE NEURO, P125 BASSO A, 1992, APHASIOLOGY, V6, P337, DOI 10.1080/02687039208248605 Beyn E.-S., 1966, CORTEX, V2, P96 BYNG S, 1988, COGNITIVE NEUROPSYCH, V5, P629, DOI 10.1080/02643298808253277 Capitani E., 1979, AP RIV APPLICAZIONI, V1, P551 Ciurli P., 1996, ESAME LINGUAGGIO De Renzi E., 1966, CORTEX, V2, P50 DEPARTZ MP, 1986, COGNITIVE NEUROPSYCH, V3, P149, DOI 10.1080/02643298608252674 DERENZI E, 1978, CORTEX, V14, P41 DERENZI E, 1980, ARCH NEUROL-CHICAGO, V37, P6 GLONING K, 1976, RECOVERY APHASICS, P57 Goodglass H, 1983, ASSESSMENT APHASIA R, V2nd HAGEN C, 1973, ARCH PHYS MED REHAB, V54, P454 Howard D., 1987, APHASIA THERAPY HIST JONES EV, 1986, BRIT J DISORD COMMUN, V21, P63 KERTESZ A, 1977, CORTEX, V8, P56 LUZZATTI C, 1987, Archivio di Psicologia Neurologia e Psichiatria, V48, P480 MARSHALL J, 1990, APHASIOLOGY, V4, P167, DOI 10.1080/02687039008249068 MAZZONI M, 1995, APHASIOLOGY, V9, P553, DOI 10.1080/02687039508248714 Miceli G, 1996, BRAIN LANG, V52, P150, DOI 10.1006/brln.1996.0008 MICELI G, 1991, BATTERIA ANAL DEFICI PENN C, 1993, APHASIA TREATMENT WO, P25 POECK K, 1989, J SPEECH HEAR DISORD, V54, P471 ROBEY RR, 1994, BRAIN LANG, V47, P582, DOI 10.1006/brln.1994.1060 Robey RR, 1998, J SPEECH LANG HEAR R, V41, P172 SANDS E, 1969, Archives of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, V50, P202 SELNES OA, 1984, BRAIN LANG, V21, P72, DOI 10.1016/0093-934X(84)90037-3 NR 31 TC 29 Z9 29 PU PSYCHOLOGY PRESS PI HOVE PA 27 CHURCH RD, HOVE BN3 2FA, EAST SUSSEX, ENGLAND SN 0268-7038 J9 APHASIOLOGY JI Aphasiology PD APR PY 2001 VL 15 IS 4 BP 307 EP 332 DI 10.1080/02687040042000304 PG 26 WC Clinical Neurology SC Neurosciences & Neurology GA 414EW UT WOS:000167653900001 ER PT J AU Cuetos, F Labos, E AF Cuetos, F Labos, E TI The autonomy of the orthographic pathway in a shallow language: Data from an aphasic patient SO APHASIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID SEMANTIC ERRORS; PARALEXIAS; SPEECH; OUTPUT AB This paper reports the case of a Spanish monolingual aphasic patient, JD, who showed a severe impairment in language production. Overall, the patient's difficulties were much more severe in oral than in written production. This study was an attempt to test whether writing without phonological mediation is possible in a shallow orthography such as Spanish. The results suggest that even in Spanish, despite its orthographic and phonological transparency, there are two writing routes, one based on the phonological representations of words and the other based on a direct access from semantic to the orthographic representations of words. The role played by each route seems to depend on the strategy used by the writer. C1 Univ Oviedo, Dept Psicol, Oviedo 33003, Spain. Univ Buenos Aires, RA-1053 Buenos Aires, DF, Argentina. RP Cuetos, F (reprint author), Univ Oviedo, Dept Psicol, Plaza Feijoo S-N, Oviedo 33003, Spain. RI Cuetos, Fernando/B-4337-2011 CR Ardila A, 1998, APHASIOLOGY, V12, P885, DOI 10.1080/02687039808249457 Beaton A, 1997, COGNITIVE NEUROPSYCH, V14, P459 BUB D, 1982, BRAIN, V105, P697, DOI 10.1093/brain/105.4.697 CARAMAZZA A, 1991, NATURE, V349, P788, DOI 10.1038/349788a0 CARAMAZZA A, 1990, CORTEX, V26, P95 CUETOS F, 1993, READ WRIT, V5, P17, DOI 10.1007/BF01026916 DE VEGA M., 1990, LECT COMPRENSION PER FERRERES AR, 1995, BRAIN LANG, V49, P153, DOI 10.1006/brln.1995.1026 GESCHWIND N, 1969, CONTROBUTIONS CLIN N Hanley JR, 1997, COGNITIVE NEUROPSYCH, V14, P3 Hendriks AW, 1997, COGNITIVE NEUROPSYCH, V14, P321 Hillis AE, 1999, CORTEX, V35, P337, DOI 10.1016/S0010-9452(08)70804-9 HILLIS AE, 1991, BRAIN LANG, V40, P106, DOI 10.1016/0093-934X(91)90119-L Kay J., 1992, PSYCHOLINGUISTIC ASS LAINE M, 1990, BRAIN LANG, V38, P207, DOI 10.1016/0093-934X(90)90111-S Luria A. R., 1966, HIGHER CORTICAL FUNC MALDONADO S, 1998, PROTOCOLO EVALUACION Miceli G, 1997, COGNITIVE NEUROPSYCH, V14, P35 MICELI G, 1994, NEUROPSYCHOLOGIA, V32, P317, DOI 10.1016/0028-3932(94)90134-1 Rapp B, 1997, COGNITIVE NEUROPSYCH, V14, P71 Riddoch M. J., 1993, BORB BIRMINGHAM OBJE Shelton JR, 1997, COGNITIVE NEUROPSYCH, V14, P105 Valle F., 1995, EPLA EVALUACION PROC NR 23 TC 14 Z9 16 PU PSYCHOLOGY PRESS PI HOVE PA 27 CHURCH RD, HOVE BN3 2FA, EAST SUSSEX, ENGLAND SN 0268-7038 J9 APHASIOLOGY JI Aphasiology PD APR PY 2001 VL 15 IS 4 BP 333 EP 342 DI 10.1080/02687040042000313 PG 10 WC Clinical Neurology SC Neurosciences & Neurology GA 414EW UT WOS:000167653900002 ER PT J AU Holland, AL Turkstra, L AF Holland, AL Turkstra, L TI Darley's contributions to differential diagnosis of the neuropathologies of language SO APHASIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID STROKE C1 Univ Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA. Case Western Reserve Univ, Cleveland, OH 44106 USA. RP Holland, AL (reprint author), Univ Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA. CR Bayles K. A., 1987, COMMUNICATION COGNIT BAYLES KA, 1989, J SPEECH HEAR DISORD, V54, P74 Chapey R., 1994, LANGUAGE INTERVENTIO Darley F. L., 1982, APHASIA Darley F.L, 1975, MOTOR SPEECH DISORDE DARLEY FL, 1977, J SPEECH HEAR DISORD, V42, P161 DARLEYFL, 1964, DIAGNOSIS APPRAISAL FROMM D, 1985, ARCH NEUROL-CHICAGO, V42, P943 HALPERN H, 1973, J SPEECH HEAR DISORD, V38, P162 Hartley LL., 1995, COGNITIVE COMMUNICAT JACKSON JH, 1958, SELECTED WRITINGS, V2 Marie P, 1906, SEM MED, V26, P241 *MAYO CLIN MEMB SE, 1963, CLIN EX NEUR Schuell H, 1965, MINNESOTA TEST DIFFE Schuell H. M., 1964, APHASIA ADULTS DIAGN Wepman J. M., 1951, RECOVERY APHASIA WERTZ RT, 1985, CLIN NEUROGENIC COMM NR 17 TC 0 Z9 0 PU PSYCHOLOGY PRESS PI HOVE PA 27 CHURCH RD, HOVE BN3 2FA, EAST SUSSEX, ENGLAND SN 0268-7038 J9 APHASIOLOGY JI Aphasiology PD MAR PY 2001 VL 15 IS 3 BP 213 EP 220 DI 10.1080/02687040042000214 PG 8 WC Clinical Neurology SC Neurosciences & Neurology GA 403LL UT WOS:000167043300002 ER PT J AU McNeil, MR Kimelman, MDZ AF McNeil, MR Kimelman, MDZ TI Darley and the nature of aphasia: The defining and classifying controversies SO APHASIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID AUDITORY VIGILANCE; DIVIDED-ATTENTION; INDIVIDUALS C1 Univ Pittsburgh, Dept Commun Sci & Disorders, Pittsburgh, PA 15260 USA. Duquesne Univ, Pittsburgh, PA 15219 USA. RP McNeil, MR (reprint author), Univ Pittsburgh, Dept Commun Sci & Disorders, 4033 Forbes Tower, Pittsburgh, PA 15260 USA. CR Aristotle, TOPICS BROWN JR, 1968, ANN M AC APH ROCH MI CARAMAZZA A, 1984, BRAIN LANG, V21, P9, DOI 10.1016/0093-934X(84)90032-4 CLARK C, 1979, BRAIN LANG, V7, P240, DOI 10.1016/0093-934X(79)90020-8 Darley F. L., 1982, APHASIA DARLEY FL, 1983, CLIN APHASIOLOGY, V13, P281 Erickson RJ, 1996, BRAIN COGNITION, V30, P244, DOI 10.1006/brcg.1996.0016 Geshwind N, 1965, BRAIN, V88, P237 GOLDSTEIN K, 1948, LANGUAGE LANGUAGE DI Goodglass H, 1983, ASSESSMENT APHASIA R, V2nd Goodglass H, 1972, ASSESSMENT APHASIA R Head H., 1926, APHASIA KINDRED DISO HOLLAND AL, 1983, CLIN APHASIOLOGY, V13, P289 JACKSON JH, 1931, SELECTED WRITINGS, V2 Joanette Y, 1999, BRAIN LANG, V68, P529, DOI 10.1006/brln.1999.2126 JONES LV, 1961, J SPEECH HEAR RES, V4, P220 Kay J, 1996, APHASIOLOGY, V10, P202, DOI 10.1080/02687039608248408 Kussmaul A, 1877, CYCLOPEDIA PRACTICE, V14, P581 LAPOINTE LL, 1991, APHASIOLOGY, V5, P511, DOI 10.1080/02687039108248556 Luria A. R., 1966, HIGHER CORTICAL FUNC McNeil M. R., 1988, HDB SPEECH LANGUAGE, P738 MCNEIL MR, 1991, CLIN APHASIOLOGY, V20, P21 MCNEIL MR, 2001, IN PRESS APHASIOLOGY, V15 Murray LL, 1998, J SPEECH LANG HEAR R, V41, P213 Murray LL, 1997, APHASIOLOGY, V11, P401, DOI 10.1080/02687039708248480 MURRAY LL, 1995, BRAIN LANG, V51, P56 POWELL GE, 1979, BRIT J DISORD COMMUN, V14, P111 Rosenbek J.C., 1989, APHASIA CLIN APPROAC SCHUELL H, 1954, NEUROLOGY, V4, P179 SCHUELL H, 1961, BRAIN, V84, P243, DOI 10.1093/brain/84.2.243 SCHUELL H, 1953, NEUROLOGY, V3, P176 SCHUELL H, 1961, J SPEECH HEAR RES, V4, P295 SCHUELL H, 1959, PSYCHOL REV, V66, P45, DOI 10.1037/h0045014 Schuell H. M., 1964, APHASIA ADULTS DIAGN SCHUELL H, 1962, J SPEECH HEAR RES, V5, P349 SCHWARTZ MF, 1984, BRAIN LANG, V21, P3, DOI 10.1016/0093-934X(84)90031-2 TSENG CH, 1993, BRAIN LANG, V45, P276, DOI 10.1006/brln.1993.1046 WEPMAN JM, 1960, J SPEECH HEAR DISORD, V25, P323 Wepman JM, 1955, FOLIA PHONIATR, V7, P223 WEPMAN JM, 1964, DISORDERS COMMUNICAT WERTZ RT, 1983, CLIN APHASIOLOGY, V13, P296 NR 41 TC 3 Z9 3 PU PSYCHOLOGY PRESS PI HOVE PA 27 CHURCH RD, HOVE BN3 2FA, EAST SUSSEX, ENGLAND SN 0268-7038 J9 APHASIOLOGY JI Aphasiology PD MAR PY 2001 VL 15 IS 3 BP 221 EP 229 DI 10.1080/02687040042000223 PG 9 WC Clinical Neurology SC Neurosciences & Neurology GA 403LL UT WOS:000167043300003 ER PT J AU Wertz, RT Irwin, WH AF Wertz, RT Irwin, WH TI Darley and the efficacy of language rehabilitation in aphasia SO APHASIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID SPEECH-THERAPY; METAANALYSIS; RECOVERY; ADULTS; STROKE AB In 1972, Frederic L. Darley provided the first comprehensive review on the efficacy of language rehabilitation for aphasia. The "data to date'' were sparse-ten reports, mostly descriptive, and mostly retrospective. He concluded that"... any all-inclusive statement about the efficacy of aphasia therapy would be ill-advised'' (Darley, 1972, p. 7). Nevertheless, Darley listed the questions that required answers, discussed the problems that plague treatment studies, and suggested study patient selection criteria that required attention. His message was clear: "More data are needed applying to clearly specified samples of the aphasic population subjected to clearly specified regimens of therapy by clinicians, for clearly specified periods'' (p. 8). In addition, he concluded that aphasia treatment studies require a richness of description and rigour of procedure to "... increase the likelihood that 10 years hence the profession will enjoy substantial agreement about the nature of language breakdown and what can best be done for it'' (p. 20). This paper examines whether, almost 30 years hence, the subsequent efforts have followed Darley's directions and answered his questions. C1 Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Nashville, TN 37212 USA. Vanderbilt Univ, Sch Med, Nashville, TN 37212 USA. RP Wertz, RT (reprint author), Vet Affairs Med Ctr, 1310 24th Ave S, Nashville, TN 37212 USA. CR FERGUSON JH, 1994, NEUROLOGY, V44, P566 BASSO A, 1979, ARCH NEUROL-CHICAGO, V36, P190 Beyn E.-S., 1966, CORTEX, V2, P96 *BIRCH DAV ASS INC, 1997, STAT SCI MED REH, V1 Boysen A. E., 1996, CLIN APHASIOLOGY, V24, P207 BROOKSHIRE RH, 1994, ASHA SPECIAL INTERES, V4, P5 BUTFIELD E, 1946, J NEUROL NEUROSUR PS, V9, P75, DOI 10.1136/jnnp.9.2.75 COHEN WJ, 1968, COMMUNICATION Darley F. L., 1982, APHASIA Darley F L, 1979, ASHA, V21, P628 DARLEY FL, 1972, J SPEECH HEAR DISORD, V37, P3 DAVID R, 1982, J NEUROL NEUROSUR PS, V45, P957, DOI 10.1136/jnnp.45.11.957 Eisenson J, 1949, J SPEECH HEAR DISORD, V14, P262 Elman RJ, 1999, J SPEECH LANG HEAR R, V42, P411 Frazier CH, 1920, ARCH NEURO PSYCHIATR, V3, P17 HADRON DC, 1996, J CLIN EPIDEMIOL, V49, P749 HAGEN C, 1973, ARCH PHYS MED REHAB, V54, P454 HARTMAN J, 1987, ARCH NEUROL-CHICAGO, V44, P646 Holland AL, 1996, J SPEECH HEAR RES, V39, pS27 Katz RC, 1997, J SPEECH LANG HEAR R, V40, P493 LINCOLN NB, 1984, LANCET, V1, P1197 MARKS M, 1957, Arch Phys Med Rehabil, V38, P219 MEIKLE M, 1979, BRIT MED J, V2, P87 Office of Technology Assessment, 1978, OTAH75 OLSWANG LB, 1990, TREATMENT EFFICACY R, P99 Pedersen PM, 1996, ANN NEUROL, V40, P130, DOI 10.1002/ana.410400126 PEDERSEN PM, 1995, ANN NEUROL, V38, P659, DOI 10.1002/ana.410380416 POECK K, 1989, J SPEECH HEAR DISORD, V54, P471 ROBEY RR, 1994, BRAIN LANG, V47, P582, DOI 10.1006/brln.1994.1060 Robey RR, 1998, APHASIOLOGY, V12, P787, DOI 10.1080/02687039808249573 Robey RR, 1998, J SPEECH LANG HEAR R, V41, P172 RUFF RM, 1991, HDB CLIN TRIALS NEUR, P89 SANDS E, 1969, Archives of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, V50, P202 SARNO MT, 1970, J SPEECH HEAR RES, V13, P607 Schuell H. M., 1964, APHASIA ADULTS DIAGN Sederer L, 1996, OUTCOMES ASSESSMENT, P1 SHEWAN CM, 1984, BRAIN LANG, V23, P272, DOI 10.1016/0093-934X(84)90068-3 VIGNOLO LA, 1964, CORTEX, V1, P344 Weisenberg T., 1935, APHASIA CLIN PSYCHOL Wepman J. M., 1951, RECOVERY APHASIA WERTZ RT, 1986, ARCH NEUROL-CHICAGO, V43, P653 WERTZ RT, 1998, TREATM EFF C VAND U WERTZ RT, 1981, J SPEECH HEAR RES, V24, P580 WHURR R, 1992, EUR J DISORDER COMM, V27, P1 WHURR R, 1997, NEUROLOGY REV INT, V1, P9 1969, MED WORLD NEWS, V10, P37 NR 46 TC 8 Z9 9 PU PSYCHOLOGY PRESS PI HOVE PA 27 CHURCH RD, HOVE BN3 2FA, EAST SUSSEX, ENGLAND SN 0268-7038 J9 APHASIOLOGY JI Aphasiology PD MAR PY 2001 VL 15 IS 3 BP 231 EP 247 DI 10.1080/02687040042000232 PG 17 WC Clinical Neurology SC Neurosciences & Neurology GA 403LL UT WOS:000167043300004 ER PT J AU LaPointe, LL AF LaPointe, LL TI Darley and the psychosocial side SO APHASIOLOGY LA English DT Article C1 Florida State Univ, Dept Commun Disorders, Reg Rahbil Ctr 301, Tallahassee, FL 32306 USA. RP LaPointe, LL (reprint author), Florida State Univ, Dept Commun Disorders, Reg Rahbil Ctr 301, Tallahassee, FL 32306 USA. CR Biegel D, 1991, FAMILY CAREGIVING CH CODE C, 1989, APHASIA THERAPY, P3 DARLEY F, 1983, CLIN DYSARTHRIA, pR15 Darley F. L., 1982, APHASIA Darley F.L, 1975, MOTOR SPEECH DISORDE DARLEY FL, 1991, CLIN APHASIOLOGY, V20, P9 GREGG C, 1998, PSYCHOSOCIAL ASPECTS Herrmann M., 1993, LIVING APHASIA PSYCH, P187 Hymovich DP, 1992, CHRONIC ILLNESS CHIL Lapointe Leonard L., 1997, P265 MANOCHIOPINING S, 1998, APHASIOLOGY, V10, P657 Morse J. M., 1991, ILLNESS EXPERIENCE D POLLOCK SE, 1986, NURS RES, V35, P90 Skelly M, 1975, Am J Nurs, V75, P1140, DOI 10.2307/3423493 Smyth J., 1999, COPING PSYCHOL WHAT, P70 Snyder C. R., 1999, COPING PSYCHOL WHAT STOICHEFF ML, 1960, J SPEECH HEAR RES, V3, P75 Watson D., 1999, COPING PSYCHOL WHAT, P119 NR 18 TC 2 Z9 2 PU PSYCHOLOGY PRESS PI HOVE PA 27 CHURCH RD, HOVE BN3 2FA, EAST SUSSEX, ENGLAND SN 0268-7038 J9 APHASIOLOGY JI Aphasiology PD MAR PY 2001 VL 15 IS 3 BP 249 EP 260 DI 10.1080/02687040042000241 PG 12 WC Clinical Neurology SC Neurosciences & Neurology GA 403LL UT WOS:000167043300005 ER PT J AU Rosenbek, JC AF Rosenbek, JC TI Darley and apraxia of speech in adults SO APHASIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID MOTOR CONTROL; SPEAKERS; PATIENT AB This essay summarises Dr Frederic L. Darley's contributions to the understanding and treatment of apraxia of speech (AOS). He defined and described the disorder as it appeared to him in his clinic. He explained it using the psychological and neurological models and vocabularies of his day. His students, and other interested clinical investigators, worked to confirm, expand, and in some cases, revise portions of his original contribution. Opponents tried to recast his notions altogether. The contributions of both, including the motor programming and linguistic models they used and perceptual, acoustic, and physiologic data they collected, have formed part of our modern understanding of AOS. Improved evaluation and conceptually-based treatments are among the best parts of Fred's legacy. C1 Coll Hlth Profess, Dept Commun Disorders, Gainesville, FL 32610 USA. RP Rosenbek, JC (reprint author), Coll Hlth Profess, Dept Commun Disorders, POB 100174, Gainesville, FL 32610 USA. CR ATEN JL, 1971, J SPEECH HEAR RES, V14, P131 ATEN JL, 1975, J SPEECH HEAR DISORD, V40, P416 BALLARD K, 1999, NATL CTR VOICE SPEEC, V14, P173 BUCKINGHAM HW, 1979, BRAIN LANG, V8, P202, DOI 10.1016/0093-934X(79)90050-6 BUCKINGHAM HW, 1998, ACQUIRED APHASIA, P269, DOI 10.1016/B978-012619322-0/50011-7 CANTER GJ, 1988, APHASIOLOGY, V2, P251, DOI 10.1080/02687038808248919 Clark HM, 1998, APHASIOLOGY, V12, P699, DOI 10.1080/02687039808249567 Darley F. L., 1982, APHASIA DARLEY FL, 1969, UNPUB AM SPEECH HEAR Darley F.L, 1975, MOTOR SPEECH DISORDE DARLEY FL, 1968, UNPUB AM SPEECH HEAR DARLEY FL, 1967, BRAIN MECH UNDERLYIN, P236 DEAL JL, 1974, J COMMUN DISORD, V7, P135, DOI 10.1016/0021-9924(74)90026-4 DEAL JL, 1972, J SPEECH HEAR RES, V15, P639 DISIMONI FG, 1977, J SPEECH HEAR DISORD, V42, P257 Dronkers NF, 1996, NATURE, V384, P159, DOI 10.1038/384159a0 FOLKINS JW, 1990, J SPEECH HEAR DISORD, V55, P596 HAGEMAN CF, 1994, CLIN APHASIOL, V22, P219 ITOH M, 1980, BRAIN LANG, V11, P66, DOI 10.1016/0093-934X(80)90110-8 JOHNS DF, 1970, J SPEECH HEAR RES, V13, P556 JOHNS DF, 1976, STUDIES NEUROLINGUIS, V1, P161 Kent R. D., 1987, PHONETIC APPROACHES, P181 KENT RD, 1983, J SPEECH HEAR RES, V26, P231 KLICH RJ, 1979, CORTEX, V15, P451 KNOCK T, 1999, NATL CTR VOICE SPEEC, V14, P163 LAPOINTE LL, 1969, UNPUB THESIS U COLOR LAPOINTE LL, 1975, J COMMUN DISORD, V8, P259, DOI 10.1016/0021-9924(75)90018-0 LESSER R, 1978, LINGUISTIC INVESTIGA MARTIN AD, 1974, J SPEECH HEAR DISORD, V39, P53 MARTIN AD, 1975, J SPEECH HEAR DISORD, V40, P421 McNeil MR, 1997, CLIN MANAGEMENT SENS, P311 MCNEIL MR, 2000, APHASIA LANGUAGE THE, P221 McNeil M.R., 1990, CEREBRAL CONTROL SPE, P349 MCNEIL MR, UNPUB INTERLABIAL SP MCNEIL MR, 1990, J SPEECH HEAR RES, V33, P255 ODELL K, 1991, CLIN APHASIOLOGY, V19, P295 ODELL K, 1990, J SPEECH HEAR DISORD, V55, P345 ROBIN DA, 1989, J SPEECH HEAR RES, V32, P512 Rogers MA, 1997, APHASIOLOGY, V11, P433, DOI 10.1080/02687039708248482 Rosenbek J., 1984, APRAXIA SPEECH PHYSL, P1 ROSENBEK JC, 1973, J SPEECH HEAR RES, V16, P22 SCHILLER F, 1992, P BROCA EXPLORER BRA Schmidt R, 1988, MOTOR CONTROL LEARNI SCHMIDT RA, 1999, MOTOR CONTROL LEARNI, V3 Smiley Jane, 1995, MOO Square P. A., 1997, APRAXIA NEUROPSYCHOL, P173 SQUARE PA, 1981, CLIN APHASIOLOGY, P83 SQUARE PA, 1994, LANGUAGE INTERVENTIO, P467 SQUARE PA, 1982, CLIN APHASIOLOGY, P245 SQUARESTORER PA, 1991, DYSARTHRIA AND APRAXIA OF SPEECH, P271 TRAGER GL, 1961, 3 AM COUNC LEARN SOC van der Merwe A, 1997, COMSIG '97 - PROCEEDINGS OF THE 1997 SOUTH AFRICAN SYMPOSIUM ON COMMUNICATIONS AND SIGNAL PROCESSING, P1 Wambaugh JL, 1997, APHASIOLOGY, V11, P521, DOI 10.1080/02687039708248488 WAMBAUGH JL, 1994, CLIN APHASIOL, V22, P231 WAMBAUGH JL, 1996, CLIN APHASIOLOGY, V24, P35 WEISMER G, 1991, DYSARTHRIA AND APRAXIA OF SPEECH, P245 Weismer G., 1984, SEMINARS SPEECH LANG, V5, P293, DOI 10.1055/s-2008-1064291 Wertz RT, 1984, APRAXIA SPEECH ADULT ZIEGLER W, 1986, EUR ARCH PSY CLIN N, V236, P44, DOI 10.1007/BF00641058 NR 59 TC 8 Z9 9 PU PSYCHOLOGY PRESS PI HOVE PA 27 CHURCH RD, HOVE BN3 2FA, EAST SUSSEX, ENGLAND SN 0268-7038 J9 APHASIOLOGY JI Aphasiology PD MAR PY 2001 VL 15 IS 3 BP 261 EP 273 DI 10.1080/02687040042000250 PG 13 WC Clinical Neurology SC Neurosciences & Neurology GA 403LL UT WOS:000167043300006 ER PT J AU Duffy, JR Kent, RD AF Duffy, JR Kent, RD TI Darley's contributions to the understanding, differential diagnosis, and scientific study of the dysarthrias SO APHASIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID AMYOTROPHIC-LATERAL-SCLEROSIS; ADULT CEREBRAL-PALSY; PARKINSONS-DISEASE; SPEECH-INTELLIGIBILITY; PERCEPTUAL ANALYSIS; PALLIDOTOMY; STIMULATION; TREMOR; VOICE; IMPAIRMENT AB The work of Frederic L. Darley and his colleagues has done much to shape approaches to the clinical diagnosis and understanding of the dysarthrias and the scientific study of speech production. From the perspective of the speech pathologist and the perspective of the speech scientist, this paper examines Darley's contributions to the clinical diagnosis and management of the dysarthrias, to the localisation and diagnosis of neurologic disease, to descriptions of the perceptual representations of disordered speech, and to efforts to integrate information about disordered neural control of speech with information about the normal neural control of speech. Gaps in knowledge and directions for future work in each of these areas are also discussed. C1 Mayo Clin & Mayo Fdn, Dept Neurol, Div Speech Pathol, Rochester, MN 55905 USA. Univ Wisconsin, Madison, WI 53706 USA. RP Duffy, JR (reprint author), Mayo Clin & Mayo Fdn, Dept Neurol, Div Speech Pathol, 200 1st St SW, Rochester, MN 55905 USA. CR ALWAN AA, 2000, VOICE QUALITY MEASUR ARONSON AE, 1992, ANN OTO RHINOL LARYN, V101, P511 Barlow S., 1999, HDB CLIN SPEECH PHYS BERRY WR, 1974, J SPEECH HEAR RES, V17, P169 BOUTSEN FR, 1997, J MED SPEECH-LANG PA, V5, P27 Brain W. R., 1965, SPEECH DISORDERS APH Brown J R, 1968, Trans Am Neurol Assoc, V93, P193 BROWN JR, 1970, INT J NEUROL, V7, P302 CALLAN DE, 2000, HDB VOICE QUALITY CARROW E, 1974, ARCH OTOLARYNGOL, V100, P212 Darley F. L., 1982, APHASIA DARLEY FL, 1969, J SPEECH HEAR RES, V12, P462 Darley F.L, 1975, MOTOR SPEECH DISORDE DARLEY FL, 1968, MED CLIN N AM, V52, P835 DARLEY FL, 1969, J SPEECH HEAR RES, V12, P246 DARLEY FL, 1972, J SPEECH HEAR RES, V15, P229 Dreyfus H. L., 1986, MIND OVER MACHINE PO Duffy J. R., 1996, J MED SPEECH-LANG PA, V4, P57 Duffy J.R, 1995, MOTOR SPEECH DISORDE FINK BR, 1986, SCIENCE, V231, P319, DOI 10.1126/science.231.4736.319-b Froeschels E, 1943, J SPEECH DISORD, V8, P301 GENTIL M, 1990, BRAIN LANG, V38, P438, DOI 10.1016/0093-934X(90)90126-2 Gentil M, 1998, PROG NEURO-PSYCHOPH, V22, P1261, DOI 10.1016/S0278-5846(98)00081-5 GERRATT BR, 1991, DYSARTHRIA APRAXIA S Ghika J, 1999, J NEUROSURG, V91, P313, DOI 10.3171/jns.1999.91.2.0313 GOLPER LAC, 1983, J SPEECH HEAR DISORD, V48, P128 GREWEL F, 1957, ACTA PSYCH NEUROL, V32, P325, DOI 10.1111/j.1600-0447.1957.tb09469.x HARTMAN DE, 1992, EUR J DISORDER COMM, V27, P187 HARTMAN DE, 1989, RECENT ADV DYSARTHRI HOIT JD, 1990, J SPEECH HEAR RES, V33, P798 JOANETTE Y, 1980, BRAIN LANG, V10, P39, DOI 10.1016/0093-934X(80)90036-X KEARNS KP, 1988, J SPEECH HEAR RES, V31, P131 KENT JF, 1992, J SPEECH HEAR RES, V35, P723 Kent R. D., 1998, J MED SPEECH-LANG PA, V6, P165 Kent RD, 2000, VOICE QUALITY MEASUR KENT RD, 1990, J SPEECH HEAR DISORD, V55, P721 Kent RD, 1996, AM J SPEECH-LANG PAT, V5, P7, DOI DOI 10.1044/1058-0360.0503.07 KLUIN KJ, 1993, NEUROLOGY, V43, P563 KREIMAN J, 1990, J SPEECH HEAR RES, V33, P103 Kuhn T., 1962, STRUCTURE SCI REVOLU LAPOINTE LL, 1994, MOTOR SPEECH DISORDE LINEBAUGH C, 1979, J SPEECH HEAR DISORD, V44, P55 LOGEMANN JA, 1981, J SPEECH HEAR DISORD, V46, P348 LOGEMANN JA, 1978, J SPEECH HEAR DISORD, V43, P47 Luchsinger R., 1965, VOICE SPEECH LANGUAG McNeil M.R., 1984, DYSARTHRIAS PHYSL AC METTER EJ, 1991, DYSARTHRIA APRAXIA S METTER EJ, 1986, J COMMUN DISORD, V19, P347, DOI 10.1016/0021-9924(86)90026-2 METZ DE, 1990, J SPEECH HEAR DISORD, V55, P516 MURDOCH BE, 1994, J MED SPEECH-LANG PA, V2, P177 MURDOCH BE, 1999, DYSARTHRIA PHYSL APP NETSELL R, 1986, NEUROBIOLOGIC VIEW S Pahwa R, 1999, NEUROLOGY, V53, P1447 PERKINS WH, 1983, DYSARTHRIA APRAXIA PLATT LJ, 1980, J SPEECH HEAR RES, V23, P41 PLATT LJ, 1980, J SPEECH HEAR RES, V23, P28 Poluha PC, 1998, ACTA PSYCHOL, V100, P71, DOI 10.1016/S0001-6918(98)00026-2 PUTNAM AHB, 1988, HUMAN COMMUNICATION SAMAR VJ, 1988, J SPEECH HEAR RES, V31, P307 SCHIAVETTI N, 1981, J SPEECH HEAR RES, V24, P441 SCHIAVETTI N, 1984, ARTICULATION ASSESSM Schiavetti N., 1992, INTELLIGIBILITY SPEE Schrag A, 1999, J NEUROL NEUROSUR PS, V67, P511, DOI 10.1136/jnnp.67.4.511 Scott R, 1998, BRAIN, V121, P659, DOI 10.1093/brain/121.4.659 SHEARD C, 1991, J SPEECH HEAR RES, V34, P285 Simmons KC, 1997, J COMMUN DISORD, V30, P117, DOI 10.1016/S0021-9924(96)00058-5 Southwood M., 1993, J MED SPEECH-LANG PA, V1, P151 Stevens S. S., 1975, PSYCHOPHYSICS Taha JM, 1999, J NEUROSURG, V91, P68, DOI 10.3171/jns.1999.91.1.0068 Urban PP, 1997, BRAIN, V120, P1077, DOI 10.1093/brain/120.6.1077 Van der Merwe A., 1997, CLIN MANAGEMENT SENS WERTZ R T, 1992, Seminars in Speech and Language, V13, P39, DOI 10.1055/s-2008-1064185 ZEPLIN J, 1996, DISORDERS MOTOR SPEE ZYSKI BJ, 1987, J COMMUN DISORD, V20, P367, DOI 10.1016/0021-9924(87)90025-6 NR 74 TC 11 Z9 11 PU PSYCHOLOGY PRESS PI HOVE PA 27 CHURCH RD, HOVE BN3 2FA, EAST SUSSEX, ENGLAND SN 0268-7038 J9 APHASIOLOGY JI Aphasiology PD MAR PY 2001 VL 15 IS 3 BP 275 EP 289 DI 10.1080/02687040042000269 PG 15 WC Clinical Neurology SC Neurosciences & Neurology GA 403LL UT WOS:000167043300007 ER PT J AU Strand, EA AF Strand, EA TI Darley's contributions to the understanding and diagnosis of developmental apraxia of speech SO APHASIOLOGY LA English DT Article AB In addition to his well-acknowledged work in the area of acquired neurologic communication disorders, Fred Darley also made significant contributions to how we think about speech disorders in children. His careful attention to nosology and his expertise in differential diagnosis led to a specific and important contribution in the area of developmental apraxia of speech. His work, along with Dr Yoss, contributed significantly to our understanding of this developmental motor speech disorder, as well as to the development of assessment and treatment strategies for this group of children. This paper will examine Darley's work in developmental apraxia of speech, both as a clinician and as a researcher. C1 Mayo Clin & Mayo Fdn, Dept Neurol, Div Speech Pathol, Rochester, MN 55905 USA. RP Strand, EA (reprint author), Mayo Clin & Mayo Fdn, Dept Neurol, Div Speech Pathol, E 8-A,200 1St St SW, Rochester, MN 55905 USA. CR ATEN JL, 1975, J SPEECH HEAR DISORD, V40, P416 BROWN JR, 1967, PEDIATR CLIN N AM, V14, P725 CHAPPELL GE, 1973, J SPEECH HEAR DISORD, V38, P362 Crary M. A., 1993, DEV MOTOR SPEECH DIS DARLEY FL, 1961, J SPEECH HEAR DISORD, V26, P272 DARLEY FL, 1971, J MINNESOTA SPEECH H, V10, P106 DARLEY FL, 1975, AUSTR J HUMAN COMMUN, V3, P47 Davis BL, 1998, CLIN LINGUIST PHONET, V12, P25, DOI 10.3109/02699209808985211 EISENSON J, 1966, J NEUROL SCI, V3, P313, DOI 10.1016/0022-510X(66)90029-3 Guyette T. W., 1981, SPEECH LANGUAGE ADV, P1 Hall P. K., 1993, DEV APRAXIA SPEECH T HAYNES S, 1985, CLIN MANAGEMENT NEUR, P259 LITZOW TJ, 1966, MAYO CLIN PROC, V41, P524 MARQUARDT TP, 1991, TREATING DISORDERED, P341 MARTIN AD, 1974, J SPEECH HEAR DISORD, V39, P53 McNeil MR, 1997, CLIN MANAGEMENT SENS, P311 MILLER H, 1950, P ROY SOC MED, V43, P579 MOLL D, 1960, J SPEECH HEAR DISORD, V25, P377 MORLEY M, 1954, BRIT MED J, V1, P8 MORLEY M, 1955, BRIT MED J, V2, P463 MORLEY ME, 1965, DEV DISORDERS SPEECH MORRIS HL, 1961, J SPEECH HEAR RES, V4, P48 ROSENBEK J, 1974, LANG SPEECH HEAR SER, V5, P13 ROSENBEK JC, 1973, J SPEECH HEAR DISORD, V38, P462 Schmidt R, 1988, MOTOR CONTROL LEARNI Shriberg LD, 1997, J SPEECH LANG HEAR R, V40, P273 Shriberg LD, 1997, J SPEECH LANG HEAR R, V40, P286 Shriberg LD, 1997, J SPEECH LANG HEAR R, V40, P313 Simonsen KM, 1946, ACTA PSYCH NEUROL, V21, P715, DOI 10.1111/j.1600-0447.1946.tb07307.x SPRIESTERSBACH DC, 1956, J SPEECH HEAR DISORD, V21, P436 SPRIESTERSBACH DC, 1958, J SPEECH HEAR RES, V1, P279 SQUARE PA, 1999, CLIN MANAGEMENT MOTO, P149 STRAND E, 2000, C MOT SPEECH SAN ANT Strand Edythe A., 1995, Seminars in Speech and Language, V16, P126, DOI 10.1055/s-2008-1064115 Strand E. A., 1999, CLIN MANAGEMENT MOTO, P109 Strand EA, 1999, CLIN MANAGEMENT MOTO TEMPLIN M, 1969, TEMPLINDARLEY TEST A Velleman SL, 1994, CHILD PHONOLOGY CHAR, P110 YOSS KA, 1974, J SPEECH HEAR RES, V17, P399 Yoss K. A., 1974, LANG SPEECH HEAR SER, V5, P23 1974, DORLANDS ILLUSTRAED NR 41 TC 1 Z9 1 PU PSYCHOLOGY PRESS PI HOVE PA 27 CHURCH RD, HOVE BN3 2FA, EAST SUSSEX, ENGLAND SN 0268-7038 J9 APHASIOLOGY JI Aphasiology PD MAR PY 2001 VL 15 IS 3 BP 291 EP 303 DI 10.1080/02687040042000278 PG 13 WC Clinical Neurology SC Neurosciences & Neurology GA 403LL UT WOS:000167043300008 ER PT J AU Boucher, V Garcia, LJ Fleurant, J Paradis, J AF Boucher, V Garcia, LJ Fleurant, J Paradis, J TI Variable efficacy of rhythm and tone in melody-based interventions: Implications for the assumption of a right-hemisphere facilitation in non-fluent aphasia SO APHASIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID FUNDAMENTAL-FREQUENCY; SPEECH; PERCEPTION; PROSODY; LATERALIZATION; PRESERVATION; INSTRUCTION; THERAPY; APRAXIA; LESION AB This study examines the effects of tonal and rhythmic components of a melody-based intervention on the repetition abilities of two individuals with non-fluent aphasia. The subjects presented lesions restricted to the left hemisphere and showed moderate to severe limitations on repetition tasks. An alternate-treatment design was used where pre-recorded stimuli served to guide a therapist's production of models in treatment conditions emphasising the tonal or rhythmic attributes of target utterances. The results show that, relative to baseline performance, treatment emphasising the tonal attributes of target phrases had little or no impact on the subjects' immediate or deferred repetitions of the phrases. By comparison, exercises emphasising rhythm corresponded to substantial gains in the subjects' ability to repeat target utterances. Implications are drawn with respect to the rationale of melody-based therapies, specifically on the assumption that a right-hemisphere processing of tone may facilitate fluent speech. C1 Univ Ottawa, Sch Rehabil Sci, Audiol & Speech Language Pathol Program, Ottawa, ON K1N 6N5, Canada. Ottawa Hosp, Ottawa, ON, Canada. RP Boucher, V (reprint author), Univ Ottawa, Sch Rehabil Sci, Audiol & Speech Language Pathol Program, 545 King Edward, Ottawa, ON K1N 6N5, Canada. EM vboucher@uottawa.ca CR Ackermann H, 1999, BRAIN LANG, V67, P228, DOI 10.1006/brln.1999.2056 BAKEN R, 1987, J VOICE, V1, P68, DOI 10.1016/S0892-1997(87)80027-9 BAKEN RJ, 1988, J SPEECH HEAR RES, V31, P207 Baum SR, 1999, APHASIOLOGY, V13, P581 BEHRENS SJ, 1985, BRAIN LANG, V26, P332, DOI 10.1016/0093-934X(85)90047-1 BERMAN IW, 1981, S AFR MED J, V59, P78 BLOEDEL JR, 1994, MOVEMENT CONTROL, P64, DOI 409831717,12,1 Borchgrevink H, 1982, MUSIC MIND BRAIN, P151 BORCHGREVINK HM, 1991, MUSIC LANGUAGE SPEEC, P327 BORCHGREVINK HM, 1980, APHASIA ASSESSMENT T, P186 BREITLING D, 1987, NEUROPSYCHOLOGIA, V25, P765, DOI 10.1016/0028-3932(87)90114-X COHEN NS, 1993, J MUSIC THER, V30, P81 COHEN NS, 1992, J MUSIC THER, V29, P87 EMMOREY KD, 1987, BRAIN LANG, V30, P305, DOI 10.1016/0093-934X(87)90105-2 FRIEDRICH FJ, 1984, BRAIN LANG, V22, P266, DOI 10.1016/0093-934X(84)90094-4 GOLDSTEIN K, 1948, LANGUAGE LANGUAGE DI SPARKS R, 1974, Cortex, V10, P303 HELMESTABROOKS N, 1981, HELM ELICITED LANGUA HELMESTABROOKS N, 1991, MANUAL APHASIA THERA, P207 Helm-Estabrooks N., 1989, MELODIC INTONATION T HOMER J, 1994, LANGUAGE INTERVENTIO, P135 INHOFF AW, 1989, BRAIN, V112, P565, DOI 10.1093/brain/112.3.565 IVRY R, 1988, EXPT BRAIN RES, V71, P167 IVRY R, 1993, ANN NY ACAD SCI, V682, P214, DOI 10.1111/j.1749-6632.1993.tb22970.x Ivry R B, 1992, Curr Opin Neurobiol, V2, P212, DOI 10.1016/0959-4388(92)90015-D Ivry R B, 1989, J Cogn Neurosci, V1, P136, DOI 10.1162/jocn.1989.1.2.136 JOHNSON PR, 1977, CORTEX, V13, P385 KEITH RL, 1975, BRAIN LANG, V2, P483, DOI 10.1016/S0093-934X(75)80085-X KENT RD, 1983, J SPEECH HEAR RES, V26, P231 Kertesz A., 1982, W APHASIA BATTERY KIMURA D, 1964, Q J EXP PSYCHOL, V16, P355, DOI 10.1080/17470216408416391 LALANDE P, 1984, REV NEUROL, V140, P49 Lehiste I., 1996, PRINCIPLES EXPT PHON, P226 MORGAN OS, 1982, W INDIAN MED J, V31, P159 NAESER MA, 1985, CORTEX, V21, P203 OEPEN G, 1983, NEUROLOGIE PSYCHIAT, V21, P168 Pell MD, 1999, BRAIN LANG, V69, P161, DOI 10.1006/brln.1999.2065 POLK M, 1993, BRAIN COGNITION, V22, P98, DOI 10.1006/brcg.1993.1027 ROBINSON GM, 1974, J EXP PSYCHOL, V102, P508, DOI 10.1037/h0036025 ROGERS A, 1981, MUSIC THERAPY, V8, P102 SPARKS R, 1976, J SPEECH HEAR DISORD, V49, P287 Sparks R. W., 1994, LANGUAGE INTERVENTIO, P368 Van Eeckhout P., 1982, REEDUQUER CERVEU, P109 VANLANCKER D, 1992, J SPEECH HEAR RES, V35, P963 WING AM, 1973, PERCEPT PSYCHOPHYS, V14, P5, DOI 10.3758/BF03198607 YAMADORI A, 1977, J NEUROL NEUROSUR PS, V40, P221, DOI 10.1136/jnnp.40.3.221 ZATORRE RJ, 1994, J NEUROSCI, V14, P1908 NR 47 TC 19 Z9 19 PU PSYCHOLOGY PRESS PI HOVE PA 27 CHURCH RD, HOVE BN3 2FA, EAST SUSSEX, ENGLAND SN 0268-7038 J9 APHASIOLOGY JI Aphasiology PD FEB PY 2001 VL 15 IS 2 BP 131 EP 149 DI 10.1080/02687040042000098 PG 19 WC Clinical Neurology SC Neurosciences & Neurology GA 402QM UT WOS:000166999700002 ER PT J AU Pedersen, PM Vinter, K Olsen, TS AF Pedersen, PM Vinter, K Olsen, TS TI Improvement of oral naming by unsupervised computerised rehabilitation SO APHASIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID THERAPY; DISORDERS; APHASIA AB The effects of unsupervised, computerised rehabilitation of anomia in aphasia were investigated with three single-case studies. The training was carried out in the patients' own homes without any supervision. It included semantic and phonemic tasks as well as written naming tasks. The computer was programmed to progress through a preselected set of tasks according to set criteria of performance. The patient could not alter the preselected sequence, but could start and stop a session at any time. The length of the training was determined by the time it took the patient to work through the full set of tasks. Comparison was made of their progress in naming of trained and untrained words. A cross-over design was used, and baselines were established with two patients. All patients improved in their general naming performance, but to different degrees. A relatively specific effect for the trained words was found in two patients, whereas the third showed a somewhat more general effect. The chosen therapy was probably not equally appropriate for all three patients. It is concluded that oral naming can be improved with unsupervised computer rehabilitation in the home even though the patient is not required to speak during the training. C1 Bispebjerg Hosp, Dept Neurol, DK-2400 Copenhagen NV, Denmark. Gentofte Hosp, Gentofte, Denmark. RP Pedersen, PM (reprint author), Bispebjerg Hosp, Dept Neurol, DK-2400 Copenhagen NV, Denmark. CR [Anonymous], 1999, SPSS WIND BASSO A, 1989, HDB NEUROPSYCHOLOGY, V2 Benson D. F., 1996, APHASIA CLIN PERSPEC Bergenholtz H., 1992, DANSK FREKVENS ORDBO Caplan D., 1992, LANGUAGE STRUCTURE P DELOCHE G, 1992, NEUROPSYCHOL REHABIL, V2, P117, DOI 10.1080/09602019208401400 Goodglass H, 1983, ASSESSMENT APHASIA R, V2nd HOWARD D, 1985, BRAIN, V108, P817 HOWARD D, 1985, COGNITIVE NEUROPSYCH, V2, P49, DOI 10.1080/02643298508252861 Kay J., 1992, PALPA PSYCHOLINGUIST Kertesz A., 1982, W APHASIA BATTERY LOVERSO FL, 1992, APHASIOLOGY, V6, P155, DOI 10.1080/02687039208248587 Luria A R, 1972, Cortex, V8, P34 Nettleton J., 1991, J NEUROLINGUIST, V6, P139, DOI 10.1016/0911-6044(91)90004-3 Nickels L, 1996, APHASIOLOGY, V10, P109, DOI 10.1080/02687039608248401 Nickels L, 1996, APHASIOLOGY, V10, P21, DOI 10.1080/02687039608248397 Nickels L., 1997, SPOKEN WORD PRODUCTI SERON X, 1979, CORTEX, V15, P149 SNODGRASS JG, 1980, J EXP PSYCHOL-HUM L, V6, P174, DOI 10.1037/0278-7393.6.2.174 WILLMES K, 1995, TREATMENT APHASIA TH NR 20 TC 32 Z9 32 PU PSYCHOLOGY PRESS PI HOVE PA 27 CHURCH RD, HOVE BN3 2FA, EAST SUSSEX, ENGLAND SN 0268-7038 J9 APHASIOLOGY JI Aphasiology PD FEB PY 2001 VL 15 IS 2 BP 151 EP 169 DI 10.1080/02687040042000106 PG 19 WC Clinical Neurology SC Neurosciences & Neurology GA 402QM UT WOS:000166999700003 ER PT J AU Fox, LE Sohlberg, MM Fried-Oken, M AF Fox, LE Sohlberg, MM Fried-Oken, M TI Effects of conversational topic choice on outcomes of augmentative communication intervention for adults with aphasia SO APHASIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID WORK PERFORMANCE; PARTNERS; THERAPY; PEOPLE; SELF AB Few variables have been found to predict successful use of augmentative and alternative communication devices (AAC) by persons with aphasia. The present study used a single case alternating treatment design to test whether choice of conversational topic improved the ability of three adults with aphasia to use symbol-based communication aids in clinical dialogues with familiar and unfamiliar partners, and in natural environment conversations with family members and friends. Results showed that the youngest participant with most recent onset of aphasia benefited clinically from choice in communication aid training. However, the benefit of topic choice did not extend to natural environments. At home and in other natural environments, use of communication aids was dependent on multiple social and contextual factors. Findings of this study were interpreted using a model of human motivation that considers both personal and environmental influences on achievement. C1 Portland State Univ, Speech & Hearing Sci Program, Portland, OR 97207 USA. Univ Oregon, Eugene, OR 97403 USA. Oregon Hlth Sci Univ, Portland, OR 97201 USA. RP Fox, LE (reprint author), Portland State Univ, Speech & Hearing Sci Program, POB 751, Portland, OR 97207 USA. CR ALARCON N, 1996, M NONTR APPR APH YOU ARTES R, 1978, RECOVERY APHASICS, P31 AVENT JR, 1995, APHASIOLOGY, V9, P295, DOI 10.1080/02687039508248206 BAILEY S, 1983, APHASIA THERAPY, P178 BAILEY SE, 1978, MOTIV EMOTION, V2, P191, DOI 10.1007/BF00993039 Bambara LM, 1995, J ASSOC PERS SEVERE, V20, P185 BAMBARA LM, 1994, J APPL BEHAV ANAL, V27, P555, DOI 10.1901/jaba.1994.27-555 BANDURA A, 1986, SOCIAL FDN THOUGHT A BANDURA A, 1983, J PERS SOC PSYCHOL, V45, P1017, DOI 10.1037//0022-3514.45.5.1017 BARLOW DH, 1984, SINGLE CASE EXPT DES Beck A. R., 1998, AUGMENTATIVE ALTERNA, V14, P184, DOI 10.1080/07434619812331278356 Bellaire K. J., 1991, CLIN APHASIOLOGY, V19, P219 Beukelman D., 1985, COMMUNICATION AUGMEN Beukelman D. R., 1998, AUGMENTATIVE ALTERNA Beukelman D. R., 1993, AUGMENTATIVE ALTERNA, V9, P95, DOI 10.1080/07434619312331276481 Brookshire RH, 1997, INTRO NEUROGENIC COM BRUMFITT S, 1993, APHASIOLOGY, V7, P569, DOI 10.1080/02687039308248631 CHWAT S, 1980, CLIN APHASIOLOGY C P, P127 CODE C, 1992, CODEMULLER PROTOCOLS Coelho C., 1985, CLIN APHASIOLOGY, V15, P222 COELHO CA, 1990, APHASIOLOGY, V4, P1, DOI 10.1080/02687039008249050 Deci E. L., 1985, INTRINSIC MOTIVATION DOYLE PJ, 1991, CLIN APHASIOLOGY, V19, P229 FLEMING CC, 1981, EXP AGING RES, V7, P71 Ford M.E., 1992, MOTIVATING HUMANS Fox L. E., 2000, AUGMENTATIVE ALTERNA FOX LE, 1996, IS 96 P 7 BIENN C IN, P390 FOX LE, 1996, ISAAC, V12, P257 FOX LE, 1990, RECREATION FOCUSED T FREED DB, 1995, J SPEECH HEAR RES, V38, P1081 GARRETT KL, 1992, AUGMENTATIVE ALTERNA, P331 Garrett KL, 1995, CLIN APHASIOL, V23, P237 GARRY F, 1989, VET CLIN N AM-FOOD A, V5, P55 HERRMANN M, 1989, APHASIOLOGY, V3, P513, DOI 10.1080/02687038908249019 Hoen B, 1997, APHASIOLOGY, V11, P681, DOI 10.1080/02687039708249415 HUNT P, 1991, AAC (Augmentative and Alternative Communication), V7, P117, DOI 10.1080/07434619112331275783 Kagan A, 1995, TOP STROKE REHABIL, V2, P15 Kagan A, 1998, APHASIOLOGY, V12, P816, DOI 10.1080/02687039808249575 Kagan A., 1993, APHASIA TREATMENT WO, P199 Kertesz A., 1982, W APHASIA BATTERY KINSELLA G, 1978, MANAGEMENT APHASIA KRATT AW, 1990, APHASIOLOGY, V4, P321 Lasker J., 1997, AUGMENTATIVE ALTERNA, V13, P108, DOI DOI 10.1080/07434619712331277908 LEDORZE G, 1995, APHASIOLOGY, V9, P239 Light J, 1988, AUGMENTATIVE ALTERNA, V4, P66, DOI [10.1080/07434618812331274657, DOI 10.1080/07434618812331274657] Light JC, 1998, BUILDING COMMUNICATI LUBINSKI R, 1994, LANGUAGE INTERVENTIO, P270 Lyon J, 1992, AM J SPEECH-LANG PAT, V1, P7 Lyon JG, 1997, APHASIOLOGY, V11, P693, DOI 10.1080/02687039708249416 MALONE R, 1969, J SPEECH HEAR DISORD, V24, P146 Marshall Robert, 1993, AM J SPEECH-LANG PAT, V2, P31 McNaughton D., 1989, AUGMENTATIVE ALTERNA, V5, P35, DOI 10.1080/07434618912331274946 MONTY RA, 1979, J EXP PSYCHOL, V37, P170 MONTY RA, 1973, J EXP PSYCHOL, V97, P16, DOI 10.1037/h0033784 MONTY RA, 1975, MEM COGNITION, V3, P183, DOI 10.3758/BF03212896 MYERS PS, 1980, CLIN APHASIOLOGY, P68 PARR S, 1994, APHASIOLOGY, V8, P457, DOI 10.1080/02687039408248670 Parr S, 1996, APHASIOLOGY, V10, P469, DOI 10.1080/02687039608248426 PARSONS MB, 1990, J APPL BEHAV ANAL, V23, P253, DOI 10.1901/jaba.1990.23-253 PERLMUTER LC, 1979, NEW ENGL PSYCH ASS B PERLMUTER L C, 1980, Motivation and Emotion, V4, P35, DOI 10.1007/BF00995928 PERLMUTER LC, 1989, PSYCHOL PERSPECTIVES, P395 Purdy M., 1994, CLIN APHASIOLOGY, P345 Rao P. R., 1978, CLIN APHASIOLOGY, P180 ROGERS M, 1999, M AM SPEECH LANG HEA Rotter J. B., 1954, SOCIAL LEARNING CLIN SHEWAN CM, 1984, J COMMUN DISORD, V17, P175, DOI 10.1016/0021-9924(84)90010-8 SimmonsMackie NN, 1997, APHASIOLOGY, V11, P761, DOI 10.1080/02687039708250455 SKELLY M, 1979, AMERIND GESTURAL COD SMITH T, 1996, J MED SPEECH-LANG PA, V4, P257 SPARKS RW, 1976, J SPEECH HEAR DISORD, V41, P287 Stuart S., 1994, J MED SPEECH-LANG PA, V2, P89 VAUGHN B, 1995, AUGMENTATIVE ALTERNA, V11, P89, DOI 10.1080/07434619512331277179 WILLIAMS SE, 1986, ARCH PHYS MED REHAB, V67, P250 NR 74 TC 15 Z9 15 PU PSYCHOLOGY PRESS PI HOVE PA 27 CHURCH RD, HOVE BN3 2FA, EAST SUSSEX, ENGLAND SN 0268-7038 J9 APHASIOLOGY JI Aphasiology PD FEB PY 2001 VL 15 IS 2 BP 171 EP 200 DI 10.1080/02687040042000133 PG 30 WC Clinical Neurology SC Neurosciences & Neurology GA 402QM UT WOS:000166999700004 ER PT J AU Kulke, F Blanken, G AF Kulke, F Blanken, G TI Phonological and syntactic influences on semantic misnamings in aphasia SO APHASIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID SPEECH PRODUCTION; LEXICAL ACCESS; LANGUAGE PRODUCTION; SENTENCE PRODUCTION; NAMING ERRORS; ACTIVATION; KNOWLEDGE; RETRIEVAL; TONGUE; MODELS AB Semantic paraphasias from two group studies of picture naming by German aphasic patients were analysed for phonological and syntactic similarities with their targets. Phonological similarity was determined by comparing the targets' phonological form with both the actual semantic paraphasias and the respective semantic competitors (as defined by membership to the targets' semantic fields). Applying this category-sensitive method, the semantic paraphasias were found to be phonologically similar to their targets significantly more often than expected by chance. Syntactic similarity was determined by examining the paraphasias for preservation of the targets' grammatical genders. The number of gender-preserving paraphasias differed significantly from the number expected by chance. Both results are used to discuss the status of semantic paraphasias in current aphasiology and to test predictions derived from psycholinguistic models of language production. C1 Univ Freiburg, Forsch Grp Neurolinguist, Deutsch Seminar 1, D-79085 Freiburg, Germany. Otto von Guericke Univ, Magdeburg, Germany. RP Kulke, F (reprint author), Univ Freiburg, Forsch Grp Neurolinguist, Deutsch Seminar 1, D-79085 Freiburg, Germany. CR Arnaud PJL, 1999, APPL PSYCHOLINGUIST, V20, P269 Baayen R. H., 1993, CELEX LEXICAL DATABA BERG T, 1992, APPL PSYCHOLINGUIST, V13, P199, DOI 10.1017/S0142716400005567 BLANKEN G, 1996, NEUROLINGUISTIK, V10, P29 BLANKEN G, IN PRESS SPRACHPRODU Blanken G, 1998, COGNITIVE NEUROPSYCH, V15, P321, DOI 10.1080/026432998381122 BLANKEN G, 2000, BRAIN LANG, V47, P84 BREDART S, 1992, COGNITION, V45, P187, DOI 10.1016/0010-0277(92)90017-C Caramazza A, 1998, COGNITION, V69, P231 Caramazza A, 1997, COGNITION, V64, P309, DOI 10.1016/S0010-0277(97)00031-0 Caramazza A, 1997, COGNITIVE NEUROPSYCH, V14, P177, DOI 10.1080/026432997381664 DELL GS, 1981, J VERB LEARN VERB BE, V20, P611, DOI 10.1016/S0022-5371(81)90202-4 DELL GS, 1991, PSYCHOL REV, V98, P604, DOI 10.1037/0033-295X.98.4.604 DELL GS, 1986, PSYCHOL REV, V93, P283, DOI 10.1037//0033-295X.93.3.283 DELVISO S, 1991, J PSYCHOLINGUIST RES, V20, P161 GARRETT MF, 1992, FRAMES FIELDS CONCEP HARLEY TA, 1993, LANG COGNITIVE PROC, V8, P291, DOI 10.1080/01690969308406957 HARLEY TA, 1984, COGNITIVE SCI, V8, P191 Huber W., 1983, AACHENER APHASIE TES Jescheniak JD, 1998, J EXP PSYCHOL LEARN, V24, P1256, DOI 10.1037//0278-7393.24.5.1256 Jescheniak JD, 1997, LANG COGNITIVE PROC, V12, P847, DOI 10.1080/016909697386727 KOPKE KM, 1983, Z GERMANISTISCHE LIN, V11, P166 KOPKE KM, 1984, LINGUISTISCHE BERICH, V93, P26 KOPKE KM, 1982, UNTERSUCHUNGEN ZUM G KULKE F, 1997, NEUROLINGUISTIK, V11, P53 LEVELT W, 1989, SPEAKING INTENTION A LEVELT WJM, 1991, PSYCHOL REV, V98, P122, DOI 10.1037//0033-295X.98.1.122 Levelt WJM, 1999, BEHAV BRAIN SCI, V22, P1 LEVELT WJM, 1983, COGNITION, V14, P41, DOI 10.1016/0010-0277(83)90026-4 MANNHAUPT HR, 1984, SPRACHE KOGNIT, V4, P264 MARTIN N, 1989, J MEM LANG, V28, P462, DOI 10.1016/0749-596X(89)90022-3 Martin N, 1996, LANG COGNITIVE PROC, V11, P257, DOI 10.1080/016909696387187 Marx E, 1999, J PSYCHOLINGUIST RES, V28, P601, DOI 10.1023/A:1023216927241 Miozzo M, 1997, J COGNITIVE NEUROSCI, V9, P160, DOI 10.1162/jocn.1997.9.1.160 NICKELS L, 1994, COGNITIVE NEUROPSYCH, V11, P289, DOI 10.1080/02643299408251977 Peterson RR, 1998, J EXP PSYCHOL LEARN, V24, P539, DOI 10.1037//0278-7393.24.3.539 NR 36 TC 19 Z9 19 PU PSYCHOLOGY PRESS PI HOVE PA 27 CHURCH RD, HOVE BN3 2FA, EAST SUSSEX, ENGLAND SN 0268-7038 J9 APHASIOLOGY JI Aphasiology PD JAN PY 2001 VL 15 IS 1 BP 3 EP 15 DI 10.1080/02687040042000070 PG 13 WC Clinical Neurology SC Neurosciences & Neurology GA 393EY UT WOS:000166457300001 ER PT J AU Garcia, LJ Metthe, L Paradis, J Joanette, Y AF Garcia, LJ Metthe, L Paradis, J Joanette, Y TI Relevance is in the eye and ear of the beholder: An example from populations with a neurological impairment SO APHASIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID CONVERSATIONAL DISCOURSE; ALZHEIMERS-DISEASE; APHASIA; DEMENTIA; COMMUNICATION; REPAIR; COMPREHENSION; PRAGMATICS; STRATEGIES; PATTERNS AB Describing problems of relevance in clinical populations has been a subject of interest for both theoreticians and clinicians. The argument that conversational relevance is a product of listener interpretation is supported in the present paper. Study 1 examines the topic-shifting profiles of a social worker in conversation with normal elderly participants as compared to her profiles in conversation with participants with dementia. Study 2 compares semantic segments in conversations between this same social worker and a normal adult and a traumatically brain-injured adult. Qualitative differences were found in Study 1 in the types of topic shifts used, the possible reasons for these shifts, and the context to which the shifts related. In Study 2, differences were found in the types of relationships between semantic segments and in the relative proportion of implicit and explicit segments. Support is given for considering conversational partners' roles in determining relevance. C1 Univ Ottawa, Fac Hlth Sci, Sch Rehabil Sci,Inst Hlth & Elderly, Audiol & Speech Language Pathol Program, Ottawa, ON K1N 6N5, Canada. Ottawa Hosp, Ottawa, ON, Canada. Univ Montreal, Montreal, PQ H3C 3J7, Canada. RP Garcia, LJ (reprint author), Univ Ottawa, Fac Hlth Sci, Sch Rehabil Sci,Inst Hlth & Elderly, Audiol & Speech Language Pathol Program, 545 King Edward, Ottawa, ON K1N 6N5, Canada. EM lgarcia@uottawa.ca CR AHLSEN E, 1993, J PRAGMATICS, V19, P57, DOI 10.1016/0378-2166(93)90070-6 Bach Kent, 1979, LINGUISTIC COMMUNICA BERG J, 1991, J PRAGMATICS, V16, P411, DOI 10.1016/0378-2166(91)90134-J Bloom R. L., 1994, DISCOURSE ANAL APPL Boles L, 1998, J COMMUN DISORD, V31, P261, DOI 10.1016/S0021-9924(98)00005-7 BYNG S, 1990, APHASIOLOGY, V4, P67, DOI 10.1080/02687039008249055 CHAMETZKY R, 1992, J PRAGMATICS, V17, P63, DOI 10.1016/0378-2166(92)90029-B Cherney L. R., 1998, ANAL DISCOURSE COMMU Clark H., 1987, LANG COGNITIVE PROC, V2, P19, DOI 10.1080/01690968708406350 COELHO CA, 1995, APHASIOLOGY, V9, P409, DOI 10.1080/02687039508248707 Coelho CA, 1991, J HEAD TRAUMA REHAB, V6, P92, DOI 10.1097/00001199-199106000-00011 COLE MG, 1987, PSYCHOSOMATICS, V28, P298 COPELAND M, 1989, APHASIOLOGY, V3, P301, DOI 10.1080/02687038908249001 Crow B. K., 1983, CONVERSATIONAL COHER, P136 Deser T., 1990, BRAIN LANG, V40, P67 FERGUSON A, 1994, APHASIOLOGY, V8, P143, DOI 10.1080/02687039408248647 FEYEREISEN P, 1991, APHASIOLOGY, V5, P323, DOI 10.1080/02687039108248533 FOLDI NS, 1983, LANGUAGE FUNCTIONS B, P51 FOLSTEIN MF, 1975, J PSYCHIAT RES, V12, P189, DOI 10.1016/0022-3956(75)90026-6 FRATTALI CM, 1995, ASHA FUNCTIONAL ASSE FREDERIKSEN CH, 1993, NARRATIVE DISCOURSE IN NEUROLOGICALLY IMPAIRED AND NORMAL AGING ADULTS, P239 FREDERIKSEN CH, 1990, DISCOURSE ABILITY BR, P69 Friedland D, 1998, BRAIN INJURY, V12, P1 GAJAR A, 1984, J APPL BEHAV ANAL, V17, P353, DOI 10.1901/jaba.1984.17-353 Garcia LJ, 1997, BRAIN LANG, V58, P92, DOI 10.1006/brln.1997.1871 GOLDBERG JA, 1983, CONVERSATIONAL COHER GOODENOUGH DR, 1978, DISCOURSE PROCESS, V1, P395 Goodglass H., 1983, BOSTON DIAGNOSTIC AP, V2nd Grice H. P., 1975, SYNTAX SEMANTICS, P41, DOI DOI 10.1017/S0022226700005296 GUILFORD AM, 1982, J COMMUN DISORD, V15, P337, DOI 10.1016/0021-9924(82)90001-6 HACHINSKI VC, 1975, ARCH NEUROL-CHICAGO, V32, P632 Hathaway SR, 1943, MINNESOTA MULTIPHASI HOPPER R, 1983, CONVERSATIONAL COHER, P81 Hotz G., 1991, BRIEF TEST HEAD INJU HUGHES CP, 1982, BRIT J PSYCHIAT, V140, P566, DOI 10.1192/bjp.140.6.566 Joanette Y., 1990, RIGHT HEMISPHERE VER Joanette Y., 1990, DISCOURSE ABILITY BR Kagan A, 1995, TOP STROKE REHABIL, V2, P15 KATZMAN R, 1983, AM J PSYCHIAT, V140, P734 KEENAN Elinor Ochs, 1976, SUBJECT TOPIC, P336 Kertesz A, 1982, W APHASIA BATTERY WA KINTSCH W, 1978, PSYCHOL REV, V85, P363, DOI 10.1037//0033-295X.85.5.363 Lyon J. G., 1998, APPROACHES TREATMENT, P203 LYON JG, 1997, APHASIOLOGY, V11, P696 MACDONALD S, 1993, BRAIN LANG, V44, P28 MANOCHIOPINIG S, 1992, APHASIOLOGY, V6, P519, DOI 10.1080/02687039208249489 Mattis S, 1976, GERIATRIC PSYCHIAT MCKHANN G, 1984, NEUROLOGY, V34, P939 METTHE L, 1995, THESIS U OTTAWA MILROY L, 1992, CLIN LINGUIST PHONET, V6, P27, DOI 10.3109/02699209208985517 MOESCHLER J, 1991, DIALOGANALYSE 1, V3, P185 MOESCHLER J, 1993, LINGUA, V90, P149, DOI 10.1016/0024-3841(93)90065-5 MURPHY GL, 1990, DISCOURSE ABILITY BR, P28 Nespoulous J, 1992, PROTOCOLE MONTREAL T Orange JB, 1996, J SPEECH HEAR RES, V39, P881 Planalp S., 1980, COMMUNICATION YB, V4, P237 RANDT CT, 1983, RANDT MEMORY TEST AD REHAK A, 1992, BRAIN LANG, V42, P203, DOI 10.1016/0093-934X(92)90125-X Reichman R., 1978, COGNITIVE SCI, V2, P283, DOI 10.1207/s15516709cog0204_1 REISBERG B, 1982, AM J PSYCHIAT, V139, P9 RIPICH DN, 1991, BRAIN LANG, V40, P330, DOI 10.1016/0093-934X(91)90133-L RIPICH DN, 1988, J SPEECH HEAR DISORD, V53, P8 SANDERS RE, 1983, CONVERSATIONAL COHER, P67 SCHIFFRIN D, 1990, ANNU REV APPL LINGUI, V11, P3 Schuell H, 1965, MINNESOTA TEST DIFFE SOBIECKAKOSZEL G, 1991, APHASIOLOGY, V5, P197, DOI 10.1080/02687039108249482 Sperber D., 1986, RELEVANCE COMMUNICAT Stroop JR, 1935, J EXP PSYCHOL, V18, P643, DOI 10.1037/0096-3445.121.1.15 Stubbs Michael, 1983, DISCOURSE ANAL SOCIO Tompkins CA, 1995, RIGHT HEMISPHERE COM Tracy K., 1983, CONVERSATIONAL COHER, P116 ULATOWSKA HK, 1992, APHASIOLOGY, V6, P325, DOI 10.1080/02687039208248602 Van Dijk T. A., 1983, STRATEGIES DISCOURSE VANDIJK TA, 1977, J PRAGMATICS, V1, P211, DOI 10.1016/0378-2166(77)90035-2 Wechsler D., 1987, WECHSLER MEMORY SCAL Wechsler D, 1981, WECHSLER ADULT INTEL WERTH P, 1981, CONVERSATION DISCOUR, P129 WILCOX MJ, 1983, TOP LANG DISORD, V3, P35 WILSON D, 1981, GRICES THEORY CONVER WULFECK B, 1989, LANG SPEECH, V32, P315 NR 80 TC 3 Z9 3 PU PSYCHOLOGY PRESS PI HOVE PA 27 CHURCH RD, HOVE BN3 2FA, EAST SUSSEX, ENGLAND SN 0268-7038 J9 APHASIOLOGY JI Aphasiology PD JAN PY 2001 VL 15 IS 1 BP 17 EP 38 DI 10.1080/02687040042000089 PG 22 WC Clinical Neurology SC Neurosciences & Neurology GA 393EY UT WOS:000166457300002 ER PT J AU Varley, R Whiteside, SP AF Varley, R Whiteside, SP TI What is the underlying impairment in acquired apraxia of speech? SO APHASIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID FOREIGN ACCENT SYNDROME; MODELS; APHASIA; ERRORS; FORM AB Acquired apraxia of speech (AOS) is traditionally viewed as a disorder of speech programming that results from loss or failure to access segmental movement plans, and/or the subsequent assembly of segments to form cohesive syllables. However, more recent psycholinguistic research has proposed that speech control systems are capable of establishing movement plans for frequently used syllables and words. Dual-route theories suggest that movement gestalts are stored for high-frequency words, whereas low-frequency tokens are assembled afresh from sub-lexical components each time they are used. We review the implications of a dual-route model of speech control for output models of lexical processing and for the conceptualisation and management of AOS. C1 Univ Sheffield, Dept Human Commun Sci, Sheffield S10 2TA, S Yorkshire, England. RP Varley, R (reprint author), Univ Sheffield, Dept Human Commun Sci, 31 Claremont Crescent, Sheffield S10 2TA, S Yorkshire, England. CR ALLPORT DA, 1981, PHILOS T ROY SOC B, V295, P397, DOI 10.1098/rstb.1981.0148 BLUMSTEIN SE, 1987, BRAIN LANG, V31, P215, DOI 10.1016/0093-934X(87)90071-X Bybee JL, 1994, COGN LINGUIST, V5, P285, DOI 10.1515/cogl.1994.5.4.285 CARAMAZZA A, 1983, BRAIN LANG, V18, P128, DOI 10.1016/0093-934X(83)90011-1 Chomsky N., 1968, SOUND PATTERN ENGLIS Code C, 1998, CLIN LINGUIST PHONET, V12, P47, DOI 10.3109/02699209808985212 COLTHEART M, 1981, VISIBLE LANG, V15, P245 COLTHEART M, 1993, PSYCHOL REV, V100, P589, DOI 10.1037/0033-295X.100.4.589 Darley F.L, 1975, MOTOR SPEECH DISORDE DELL GS, 1988, J MEM LANG, V27, P124, DOI 10.1016/0749-596X(88)90070-8 Dronkers NF, 1996, NATURE, V384, P159, DOI 10.1038/384159a0 ELLIS AW, 1983, COGNITION, V15, P111, DOI 10.1016/0010-0277(83)90036-7 Fromkin V., 1973, SPEECH ERRORS LINGUI GRAFFRADFORD NR, 1986, BRAIN LANG, V28, P86, DOI 10.1016/0093-934X(86)90093-3 HANKAMER J, 1989, LEXICAL REPRESENTATI SPARKS R, 1974, Cortex, V10, P303 HOUGH MS, 1987, CLIN APHASIOLOGY, V15, P271 INGRAM JCL, 1992, J PHONETICS, V20, P457 ITOH M, 1984, APRAXIA SPEECH PHYSL JACKSON JH, 1979, SELECTED WRITINGS JH, V2 Jakobson Roman, 1956, FUNDAMENTALS LANGUAG JOHNS DF, 1970, J SPEECH HEAR RES, V13, P556 KAY J, 1987, BRAIN, V110, P613, DOI 10.1093/brain/110.3.613 Keller E., 1987, MOTOR SENSORY PROCES KELSO JAS, 1981, BRAIN LANG, V12, P224, DOI 10.1016/0093-934X(81)90016-X KENT RD, 1983, J SPEECH HEAR RES, V26, P231 Kimura D, 1993, NEUROMOTOR MECH HUMA LAPOINTE LL, 1975, J COMMUN DISORD, V8, P259, DOI 10.1016/0021-9924(75)90018-0 Lebrun Y., 1990, J NEUROLINGUIST, V5, P379, DOI 10.1016/0911-6044(90)90021-P LECOURS AR, 1976, BRAIN LANG, V3, P88, DOI 10.1016/0093-934X(76)90008-0 LEVELT W, 1989, SPEAKING INTENTION A LEVELT W, 1994, COGNITION, V50, P39 LEVELT WJM, 1992, COGNITION, V42, P1, DOI 10.1016/0010-0277(92)90038-J Luria A. R., 1966, HIGHER CORTICAL FUNC MCNEIL MR, 1994, CLIN APHASIOL, V22, P203 MILLER N, 1999, NEUROGENIC COMMUNICA MORRISON CM, 1992, MEM COGNITION, V20, P705, DOI 10.3758/BF03202720 Morton J., 1980, COGNITIVE PROCESSES Nespoulous JL, 1998, APPL PSYCHOLINGUIST, V19, P311, DOI 10.1017/S0142716400010080 NORMAN D, 1980, CONSCIOUSNESS SELF R Rosenbek JC, 1985, CLIN MANAGEMENT NEUR Schmidt R, 1988, MOTOR CONTROL LEARNI SHATTUCKHUFNAGEL S, 1992, COGNITION, V42, P213, DOI 10.1016/0010-0277(92)90044-I SHATTUCKHUFNAGE.S, 1979, SENTENCE PROCESSING Square-Storer P., 1989, ACQUIRED APRAXIA SPE STEMBERGER JP, 1986, COGNITIVE PSYCHOL, V18, P329, DOI 10.1016/0010-0285(86)90003-4 STEMBERGER JP, 1989, J MEM LANG, V28, P164, DOI 10.1016/0749-596X(89)90042-9 TALO ES, 1980, ERRORS LINGUISTIC PE Van Lancker D, 1987, PROGR PSYCHOL LANGUA, VIII Varley R, 1999, J MED SPEECH-LANG PA, V7, P127 Whiteside SP, 1998, CORTEX, V34, P221, DOI 10.1016/S0010-9452(08)70749-4 ZEIGLER W, 1986, BRAIN LANG, V29, P34 ZEIGLER W, 1993, NEUROLINGUISTIK, V7, P17 ZEIGLER W, 1985, BRAIN LANG, V26, P117 ZWITSERLOOD P, 1989, COGNITION, V32, P25, DOI 10.1016/0010-0277(89)90013-9 NR 55 TC 50 Z9 50 PU PSYCHOLOGY PRESS PI HOVE PA 27 CHURCH RD, HOVE BN3 2FA, EAST SUSSEX, ENGLAND SN 0268-7038 J9 APHASIOLOGY JI Aphasiology PD JAN PY 2001 VL 15 IS 1 BP 39 EP 49 PG 11 WC Clinical Neurology SC Neurosciences & Neurology GA 393EY UT WOS:000166457300003 ER PT J AU Ballard, KJ Barlow, JA Robin, DA AF Ballard, KJ Barlow, JA Robin, DA TI The underlying nature of apraxia of speech: A critical evaluation of Varley and Whiteside's dual route speech encoding hypothesis SO APHASIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID FOREIGN ACCENT SYNDROME; APHASIA; ERRORS C1 Indiana Univ, Dept Speech & Hearing Sci, Bloomington, IN 47405 USA. San Diego State Univ, San Diego, CA 92182 USA. RP Ballard, KJ (reprint author), Indiana Univ, Dept Speech & Hearing Sci, 200 S Jordan Ave, Bloomington, IN 47405 USA. RI Robin, Donald/F-2109-2010; Ballard, Kirrie/F-9558-2011 CR ACKERMANN H, 1993, FORTSCHR NEUROL PSYC, V61, P241, DOI 10.1055/s-2007-999092 Ballard KJ, 2000, APHASIOLOGY, V14, P969 Bell-Berti F, 1995, PRODUCING SPEECH CON, P77 BLUMSTEIN SE, 1987, BRAIN LANG, V31, P215, DOI 10.1016/0093-934X(87)90071-X BOYCE SE, 1990, J PHONETICS, V18, P173 Browman C. P., 1995, PRODUCING SPEECH CON, P19 Clark HM, 1998, APHASIOLOGY, V12, P699, DOI 10.1080/02687039808249567 Code C, 1998, CLIN LINGUIST PHONET, V12, P47, DOI 10.3109/02699209808985212 Dogil G., 1998, PHONOLOGY, V15, P143, DOI 10.1017/S095267579800356X DOGIL G, 1994, 4 S INT CLIN PHOEN L DWORKIN JP, 1988, J SPEECH HEAR DISORD, V53, P280 EASTON TA, 1972, AM SCI, V60, P591 ELLIS AW, 1996, HUMAN COGNITIE NEURO Fowler C, 1977, TIMING CONTROL SPEEC HAGEMAN CF, 1994, CLIN APHASIOL, V22, P219 Kelso J. A. S., 1995, DYNAMIC PATTERNS SEL KELSO JAS, 1981, BRAIN LANG, V12, P224, DOI 10.1016/0093-934X(81)90016-X KELSO JAS, 1979, SCIENCE, V203, P1029, DOI 10.1126/science.424729 Kenstowicz Michael, 1994, PHONOLOGY GENERATIVE Kent R. D., 1987, PHONETIC APPROACHES, P181 Kent R. D, 1989, PERSPECTIVES COORDIN, P415 Knock TR, 2000, APHASIOLOGY, V14, P653 MACKAY DG, 1972, COGNITIVE PSYCHOL, V3, P210, DOI 10.1016/0010-0285(72)90004-7 MACKAY DG, 1978, SYLLABLES SEGMENTS, P201 McNeil MR, 1997, CLIN MANAGEMENT SENS, P311 MCNEIL MR, 1991, CLIN APHASIOLOGY, V20, P21 Robin DA, 1992, AM J SPEECH-LANG PAT, V1, P19 Rochon E, 1990, J NEUROLINGUIST, V5, P237, DOI DOI 10.1016/0911-6044(90)90013-0 ROGERS MA, 1998, J SPEECH LANG HEAR R, V42, P258 Rogers MA, 1999, APHASIOLOGY, V13, P793 SCHMIDT RA, 1992, PSYCHOL SCI, V3, P207, DOI 10.1111/j.1467-9280.1992.tb00029.x Schmidt RA, 1999, MOTOR CONTROL LEARNI SCHMIDT RA, 1975, PSYCHOL REV, V82, P225, DOI 10.1037/h0076770 Shattuck-Hufnagel S., 1986, PHONOLOGY YB, V3, P117 SQUARESTORER PA, 1989, ACQUIRED APRAXIA SPE, P145 TAKAYAMA Y, 1993, NEUROLOGY, V43, P1361 Thelen E., 1994, DYNAMIC SYSTEMS APPR Turvey MT, 1977, PERCEIVING ACTING KN, P211 van der Merwe A, 1997, COMSIG '97 - PROCEEDINGS OF THE 1997 SOUTH AFRICAN SYMPOSIUM ON COMMUNICATIONS AND SIGNAL PROCESSING, P1 Wambaugh JL, 1998, APHASIOLOGY, V12, P731, DOI 10.1080/02687039808249569 Wambaugh JL, 1998, J SPEECH LANG HEAR R, V41, P725 Wambaugh JL, 1999, APHASIOLOGY, V13, P821 WAMBAUGH JL, 1994, CLIN APHASIOL, V22, P231 Wertz RT, 1984, APRAXIA SPEECH ADULT Whiteside SP, 1998, CORTEX, V34, P221, DOI 10.1016/S0010-9452(08)70749-4 NR 45 TC 3 Z9 3 PU PSYCHOLOGY PRESS PI HOVE PA 27 CHURCH RD, HOVE BN3 2FA, EAST SUSSEX, ENGLAND SN 0268-7038 J9 APHASIOLOGY JI Aphasiology PD JAN PY 2001 VL 15 IS 1 BP 50 EP 58 PG 9 WC Clinical Neurology SC Neurosciences & Neurology GA 393EY UT WOS:000166457300004 ER PT J AU Croot, K AF Croot, K TI Integrating the investigation of apraxic, aphasic and articulatory disorders in speech production: A move towards sound theory SO APHASIOLOGY LA English DT Article C1 Univ Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia. RP Croot, K (reprint author), Macquarie Univ, Macquarie Ctr Cognit Sci, N Ryde, NSW 2109, Australia. CR BROWMAN CP, 1992, PHONETICA, V49, P155 Code C, 1998, CLIN LINGUIST PHONET, V12, P47, DOI 10.3109/02699209808985212 CROOT K, 1999, BRIT APH SOC BIENN I Darley F.L, 1975, MOTOR SPEECH DISORDE DELL GS, 1986, PSYCHOL REV, V93, P283, DOI 10.1037//0033-295X.93.3.283 Duffy J.R, 1995, MOTOR SPEECH DISORDE Ellis A. W., 1988, HUMAN COGNITIVE NEUR FEY M, 1985, HUMAN COMMUNICATION, V9, P7 Hawkins S., 1992, PAPERS LABORATORY PH, P9 Itoh M., 1984, APRAXIA SPEECH PHYSL, P135 Keller E, 1987, MOTOR SENSORY PROCES, P125 KENT RD, 1997, NEW PHONOLOGIES DEV, P247 LEVELT WJM, 1994, COGNITION, V50, P239, DOI 10.1016/0010-0277(94)90030-2 Martin N, 1997, COGNITIVE NEUROPSYCH, V14, P641 MCNEIL MR, 2000, APHASIA LANGUAGE THE MILLER N, 1991, CHARACTERISTICS APHA, P131 Rogers MA, 1999, APHASIOLOGY, V13, P793 SEIDENBERG MS, 1989, PSYCHOL REV, V96, P523, DOI 10.1037/0033-295X.96.4.523 SQUARESTORER PA, 1989, ACQUIRED APRAXIA SPE, P145 van der Merwe A, 1997, COMSIG '97 - PROCEEDINGS OF THE 1997 SOUTH AFRICAN SYMPOSIUM ON COMMUNICATIONS AND SIGNAL PROCESSING, P1 NR 20 TC 0 Z9 0 PU PSYCHOLOGY PRESS PI HOVE PA 27 CHURCH RD, HOVE BN3 2FA, EAST SUSSEX, ENGLAND SN 0268-7038 J9 APHASIOLOGY JI Aphasiology PD JAN PY 2001 VL 15 IS 1 BP 58 EP 62 PG 5 WC Clinical Neurology SC Neurosciences & Neurology GA 393EY UT WOS:000166457300005 ER PT J AU Miller, N AF Miller, N TI Dual or duel route? SO APHASIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID SPEECH PRODUCTION; APRAXIA; ACTIVATION; DISORDERS; SPEAKERS; ERRORS; NEIGHBORHOOD; APHASIA C1 Univ Newcastle Upon Tyne, Dept Speech, Newcastle Upon Tyne NE1 7RU, Tyne & Wear, England. RP Miller, N (reprint author), Univ Newcastle Upon Tyne, Dept Speech, Newcastle Upon Tyne NE1 7RU, Tyne & Wear, England. CR Baum SR, 1999, APHASIOLOGY, V13, P513, DOI 10.1080/026870399401984 Bernstein N., 1967, COORDINATION REGULAT BERNSTEIN N, 1935, ARCH BIOL SCI, V38 BROWMAN CP, 1992, PHONETICA, V49, P155 BROWMAN CP, 1997, SPEECH PRODUCTION MO Clark HM, 1998, APHASIOLOGY, V12, P699, DOI 10.1080/02687039808249567 Coleman J, 1998, J NEUROLINGUIST, V11, P295, DOI 10.1016/S0911-6044(97)00014-6 Dogil G., 1998, PHONOLOGY, V15, P143, DOI 10.1017/S095267579800356X FOWLER C, 1985, SPEECH SCI GOLDINGER S, 1997, TALKER VARIABILITY S Gordon JK, 1999, BRAIN LANG, V69, P346 HARLEY TA, 1993, APHASIOLOGY, V7, P221, DOI 10.1080/02687039308249508 HARLEY TA, 1984, COGNITIVE SCI, V8, P191 HOUGH M, 1996, DISORDERS MOTOR SPEE HOUGH M, 1998, NEUROMOTOR SPEECH DI KELSO JAS, 1981, BRAIN LANG, V12, P224, DOI 10.1016/0093-934X(81)90016-X Liss JM, 1998, BRAIN LANG, V62, P342, DOI 10.1006/brln.1997.1907 Lum C, 1999, BRAIN LANG, V70, P95, DOI 10.1006/brln.1999.2147 MCNEIL MR, 1990, BRAIN LANG, V38, P135, DOI 10.1016/0093-934X(90)90106-Q McNeil MR, 1997, CLIN MANAGEMENT SENS MILLER N, 1995, EUR J DISORDER COMM, V30, P346 Miller N., 2000, ACQUIRED NEUROGENIC MULLER RA, 1992, APHASIOLOGY, V6, P443, DOI 10.1080/02687039208249484 Rogers MA, 1999, APHASIOLOGY, V13, P871 Rogers MA, 1999, APHASIOLOGY, V13, P793 Saffran EM, 1999, COGNITIVE NEUROPSYCH, V16, P777, DOI 10.1080/026432999380654 SCHWARTZ MF, 1994, BRAIN LANG, V47, P52, DOI 10.1006/brln.1994.1042 Southwood MH, 1999, BRAIN LANG, V67, P1, DOI 10.1006/brln.1998.2046 Strand EA, 1996, J SPEECH HEAR RES, V39, P1018 Van Lancker D, 1987, PROGR PSYCHOL LANGUA, VIII Varley R, 1999, J MED SPEECH-LANG PA, V7, P127 Vitevitch MS, 1999, J MEM LANG, V40, P374, DOI 10.1006/jmla.1998.2618 WEISMER G, 1995, J PHONETICS, V23, P149, DOI 10.1016/S0095-4470(95)80039-5 WEISMER G, 1991, DYSARTHRIA APRAXIA S NR 34 TC 3 Z9 3 PU PSYCHOLOGY PRESS PI HOVE PA 27 CHURCH RD, HOVE BN3 2FA, EAST SUSSEX, ENGLAND SN 0268-7038 J9 APHASIOLOGY JI Aphasiology PD JAN PY 2001 VL 15 IS 1 BP 62 EP 68 PG 7 WC Clinical Neurology SC Neurosciences & Neurology GA 393EY UT WOS:000166457300006 ER PT J AU Rogers, MA Spencer, KA AF Rogers, MA Spencer, KA TI Spoken word production without assembly: Is it possible? SO APHASIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID APRAXIA; SPEECH C1 Univ Washington, Dept Speech & Hearing Sci, Seattle, WA 98105 USA. RP Rogers, MA (reprint author), Univ Washington, Dept Speech & Hearing Sci, 1417 NE 42nd St, Seattle, WA 98105 USA. CR FROMKIN VA, 1971, LANGUAGE, V47, P27, DOI 10.2307/412187 FUJIMURA O, 1978, SYLLABLES SEGMENTS Hillis A. E., 1994, LANGUAGE INTERVENTIO, P207 Kucera H., 1967, COMPUTATIONAL ANAL P LEVELT W, 1989, SPEAKING INTENTION A Rogers MA, 1998, J SPEECH LANG HEAR R, V41, P258 Rogers MA, 1999, APHASIOLOGY, V13, P793 Schmidt R, 1988, MOTOR CONTROL LEARNI Varley R, 1999, J MED SPEECH-LANG PA, V7, P127 WICKELGR.WA, 1969, PSYCHOL REV, V76, P1, DOI 10.1037/h0026823 NR 10 TC 1 Z9 1 PU PSYCHOLOGY PRESS PI HOVE PA 27 CHURCH RD, HOVE BN3 2FA, EAST SUSSEX, ENGLAND SN 0268-7038 J9 APHASIOLOGY JI Aphasiology PD JAN PY 2001 VL 15 IS 1 BP 68 EP 74 PG 7 WC Clinical Neurology SC Neurosciences & Neurology GA 393EY UT WOS:000166457300007 ER PT J AU Ziegler, W AF Ziegler, W TI Apraxia of speech is not a lexical disorder SO APHASIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID ACCESS C1 City Hosp Bogenhausen, Munich, Germany. RP Ziegler, W (reprint author), EKN, Dachauer Str 164, D-80992 Munich, Germany. CR Jeannerod M., 1997, COGNITIVE NEUROSCIEN LEVELT W, 1989, SPEAKING INTENTION A LEVELT WJM, 1994, COGNITION, V50, P239, DOI 10.1016/0010-0277(94)90030-2 Levelt WJM, 1999, BEHAV BRAIN SCI, V22, P1 Moore CA, 1996, J SPEECH HEAR RES, V39, P1034 MULDER TW, IN PRESS HDB NEUROLO MUNHALL KG, 1994, J ACOUST SOC AM, V95, P3605, DOI 10.1121/1.409929 NR 7 TC 5 Z9 5 PU PSYCHOLOGY PRESS PI HOVE PA 27 CHURCH RD, HOVE BN3 2FA, EAST SUSSEX, ENGLAND SN 0268-7038 J9 APHASIOLOGY JI Aphasiology PD JAN PY 2001 VL 15 IS 1 BP 74 EP 77 PG 4 WC Clinical Neurology SC Neurosciences & Neurology GA 393EY UT WOS:000166457300008 ER PT J AU Barker-Collo, SL AF Barker-Collo, SL TI The 60-item Boston Naming Test: Cultural bias and possible adaptations for New Zealand SO APHASIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID NORMATIVE DATA; PERFORMANCE; ADULTS; NORMS AB This study examined whether a sample of New Zealand university students performed differently on the 60-item Boston Naming Test (BNT) when compared to published North American norms. The BNT was administered to 58 New Zealand university students, and their performance was compared to published data from North America. Mean performance of the sample was significantly worse than published North American norms. In comparing proportion of errors made on BNT items, New Zealanders made 60% more error on the items pretzel and beaver, and 20% more errors on the items globe, funnel, and tripod than did North Americans. In addition, the New Zealand sample made 20% more errors on the item asparagus than North American and Australian samples. Within the New Zealand sample, Maori individuals performed significantly worse than European individuals. Items contributing to this difference included canoe, beaver, and abacus. It was concluded that in administering the BNT to New Zealanders attention should be given to the potential for cultural biases. Adaptations to better reflect New Zealand culture are suggested. C1 Univ Auckland, Dept Psychol, Auckland, New Zealand. RP Barker-Collo, SL (reprint author), Univ Auckland, Dept Psychol, Private Bag 92019, Auckland, New Zealand. CR Barnfield TV, 1998, BRAIN INJURY, V12, P951 Beatty W W, 1989, J Geriatr Psychiatry Neurol, V2, P145, DOI 10.1177/089198878900200305 FARMER A, 1990, APHASIOLOGY, V4, P293, DOI 10.1080/02687039008249081 HERMEKING H, 1998, MOL CELL, V1, P3 JORDAN F M, 1992, Brain Injury, V6, P39, DOI 10.3109/02699059209008120 Kaplan E, 1983, BOSTON NAMING TEST E KIM H, 1999, J CLIN EXPT NEUROPSY, V12, P127 KOHN SE, 1985, BRAIN LANG, V27, P380 Kohnert KJ, 1998, BRAIN LANG, V65, P422, DOI 10.1006/brln.1998.2001 LINDMAN KK, 1996, M INT NEUR SOC CHIC MARGOLIN DI, 1990, J CLIN EXP NEUROPSYC, V12, P597, DOI 10.1080/01688639008401004 Ogden JA, 1997, NEW ZEAL J PSYCHOL, V26, P2 POZZEBON M, 1990, MELBOURNE PAPERS APP, V2, P19 SANDSON J, 1984, NEUROPSYCHOLOGIA, V22, P715, DOI 10.1016/0028-3932(84)90098-8 Spreen O., 1998, COMPENDIUM NEUROPSYC Tombaugh TN, 1997, J CLIN EXP NEUROPSYC, V19, P922, DOI 10.1080/01688639708403773 VANGORP W, 1996, J CLIN EXPT NEUROPSY, V8, P702 Welch LW, 1996, BRAIN LANG, V53, P260, DOI 10.1006/brln.1996.0047 WORRALL LE, 1995, APHASIOLOGY, V9, P541, DOI 10.1080/02687039508248713 NR 19 TC 15 Z9 15 PU PSYCHOLOGY PRESS PI HOVE PA 27 CHURCH RD, HOVE BN3 2FA, EAST SUSSEX, ENGLAND SN 0268-7038 J9 APHASIOLOGY JI Aphasiology PD JAN PY 2001 VL 15 IS 1 BP 85 EP 92 DI 10.1080/02687040042000124 PG 8 WC Clinical Neurology SC Neurosciences & Neurology GA 393EY UT WOS:000166457300010 ER PT J AU Halliwell, JF AF Halliwell, JF TI Korean agrammatic production SO APHASIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID APHASIA AB This study examines general characteristics of agrammatic production in Korean. Using the methodology found in Menn and Obler (1990b), which provides a consistent format for collecting, analysing, and presenting data, the study provides a description of the patterns of sparing and loss based on four types of narratives from two Korean agrammatic speakers. The subjects were seen to display the general properties associated with clinical descriptions of agrammatism: nonfluent, effortful, and dysprosodic. There was a tendency to substitute verbal inflections and omit nominal morphemes. Additionally, the subjects showed a preference for simple syntactic constructions and for canonical word order. It is concluded that the Korean findings parallel others, in that agrammatic aphasia in Korean involves similar basic production parameters but different language-specific characteristics. The findings are also considered in light of the most current syntactic account, the Tree-pruning Hypothesis (Friedmann & Grodzinsky, 1997). C1 Michigan State Univ, Dept Linguist & German Slav Asian & African Langu, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA. RP Halliwell, JF (reprint author), Michigan State Univ, Dept Linguist & German Slav Asian & African Langu, A-614 Wells Hall, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA. CR AHN SH, 1990, THESIS U CONNECTICUT Baker M., 1988, INCORPORATION THEORY CHO DI, 1994, THEORETICAL ISSUES K, P233 Chomsky N., 1995, MINIMALIST PROGRAM Friedmann N, 1997, BRAIN LANG, V56, P397, DOI 10.1006/brln.1997.1795 Goodglass H, 1972, ASSESSMENT APHASIA R GOODGLASS H, 1958, WORD, V14, P197 GRODZINSKY Y, 1986, BRAIN LANG, V27, P135, DOI 10.1016/0093-934X(86)90009-X GRODZINSKY Y, 1997, GENGENP, V5, P1 Grodzinslcy Y., 1990, THEORETICAL PERSPECT HAGIWARA H, 1995, BRAIN LANG, V50, P92, DOI 10.1006/brln.1995.1041 HALLIWELL J, 1998, THESIS MICHIGAN STAT KANG MY, 1988, THESIS MIT KEAN ML, 1977, COGNITION, V5, P9, DOI 10.1016/0010-0277(77)90015-4 KERTESZ A, 1983, W APHASIA BATTERY KIM SH, 1997, THESIS HONG IK U SEO LAPOINTE SG, 1983, COGNITION, V14, P1, DOI 10.1016/0010-0277(83)90025-2 MENN L, 1990, AGRAMMATIC APHASIA C, P13 Menn L., 1995, NONFLUENT APHASIA MU Menn Lise, 1990, AGRAMMATIC APHASIA C Mimouni Z, 1997, APHASIOLOGY, V11, P125, DOI 10.1080/02687039708248460 PICK A, 1913, APHASIA POLLOCK JY, 1989, LINGUIST INQ, V20, P365 Sohn Ho-min, 1994, KOREAN NR 24 TC 5 Z9 5 PU PSYCHOLOGY PRESS PI HOVE PA 27 CHURCH RD, HOVE BN3 2FA, EAST SUSSEX, ENGLAND SN 0268-7038 J9 APHASIOLOGY JI Aphasiology PD DEC PY 2000 VL 14 IS 12 BP 1187 EP 1203 DI 10.1080/02687030050205714 PG 17 WC Clinical Neurology SC Neurosciences & Neurology GA 383UP UT WOS:000165901700002 ER PT J AU Nilipour, R AF Nilipour, R TI Agrammatic language: Two cases from Persian SO APHASIOLOGY LA English DT Article AB The grammar of two right-handed monolingual native speakers of Persian who became aphasic subsequent to left traumatic brain damage is analysed, discussed, and compared with control data. Assessment on the Farsi version of the Bilingual Aphasia Test (Paradis, Paribakht, & Nilipour 1987) and the CLAS I connected speech analysis procedures (Menn & Obler 1990, ch. 2) indicated that the two patients met the clinical picture of Broca's aphasia and showed the general characteristics of agrammatic speech. The data suggest that Persian agrammatism resembles the syndrome in other languages in having severe disruption of the verbs and more reliance on nouns than on verbs. There are language-particular and individual patterns of interest, notably the use of "is'' as a completely general default verb by one subject and the tendency to omit NP-internal conjunctions. The present tense of the verb is also used as a default, in spite of being longer than corresponding past tense forms. C1 Univ Social Welf & Rehabil Sci, Dept Speech & Language Pathol, Tehran 19834, Iran. Inst Studies Theoret Phys & Math, Tehran, Iran. RP Nilipour, R (reprint author), Univ Social Welf & Rehabil Sci, Dept Speech & Language Pathol, Tehran 19834, Iran. CR BHATNAGAR SC, 1990, AGRAMMATISM CROSS LA, V2, P975 Goodglass H, 1983, ASSESSMENT APHASIA R, V2nd JAREMA G, 1990, AGRAMMATISM CROSS LA, V2, P817 KEGL J, 1995, BRAIN LANG, V50, P151, DOI 10.1006/brln.1995.1044 MENN L, 1990, AGRAMMATISM CROSS LA Menn L., 1985, AGRAMMATISM, P1 MICELI G, 1990, AGRAMMATIC APHASIA C, V1, P717 NILIPOUR R, 1989, J NEUROLINGUIST, V4, P243, DOI 10.1016/0911-6044(89)90016-X NILIPOUR R, 1989, 22 C IALP P PRAG, V1, P88 NILPOUR R, 1995, ASPECTS BILINGUAL AP, P123 Paradis M., 1987, BILINGUAL APHASIA TE Tissot R., 1973, AGRAMMATISME Windfuhr Gernot L., 1987, WORLDS MAJOR LANGUAG, P523 ZEI B, 1990, AGRAMMATISM CROSS LA, V2, P895 NR 14 TC 6 Z9 6 PU PSYCHOLOGY PRESS PI HOVE PA 27 CHURCH RD, HOVE BN3 2FA, EAST SUSSEX, ENGLAND SN 0268-7038 J9 APHASIOLOGY JI Aphasiology PD DEC PY 2000 VL 14 IS 12 BP 1205 EP 1242 DI 10.1080/02687030050205723 PG 38 WC Clinical Neurology SC Neurosciences & Neurology GA 383UP UT WOS:000165901700003 ER PT J AU Lafavor, JM Brundage, SB AF Lafavor, JM Brundage, SB TI Correlation among demographic estimates of intellectual abilities, performance IQ scores, and verbal IQ scores in non-brain-damaged and aphasic adults SO APHASIOLOGY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 28th Annual Meeting of the Clinical Aphasiology Conference CY JUN, 1998 CL ASHEVILLE, NORTH CAROLINA ID ESTIMATING PREMORBID INTELLIGENCE; WAIS-R; DEMENTIA; INDEX; INFORMATION; EQUATIONS; UTILITY; SCALE AB Multiple regression equations based on demographic information are often used to estimate verbal and non-verbal intellectual function in persons with brain damage. Although the use of these equations has been studied with various brain-damaged populations, no studies have focused on a single type of brain damage such as aphasia. We studied the relationship between IQ scores obtained on the Kaufman Brief Intelligence Test (K-BIT), and estimated IQ scores using equations developed by Barona et al. (1984). A total of 20 non-brain-damaged (NBD) adults and 10 aphasic adults participated. For both groups the estimated scores were significantly correlated with K-BIT scores for performance IQ. For the NBD group the estimated scores were significantly correlated with Full Scale IQ but not Verbal IQ. Implications of these findings are discussed. C1 St Cloud State Univ, Dept Commun Disorders, St Cloud, MN 56301 USA. RP Brundage, SB (reprint author), St Cloud State Univ, Dept Commun Disorders, 720 4th Ave S,EB Room A216, St Cloud, MN 56301 USA. CR AMMONS RB, 1962, PSYCHOL REP, V11, P111 BARONA A, 1984, J CONSULT CLIN PSYCH, V52, P885, DOI 10.1037/0022-006X.52.5.885 Blair J. R., 1989, CLIN NEUROPSYCHOL, V3, P129, DOI DOI 10.1080/13854048908403285 BOLTER J, 1982, CLIN NEUROPSYCHOLOGY, V4, P171 BROOKSHIRE R, 1992, INTRO NEUROGENIC COM CATTELL RB, 1963, J EDUC PSYCHOL, V54, P1, DOI 10.1037/h0046743 CRAWFORD JR, 1988, BRIT J PSYCHIAT, V153, P178, DOI 10.1192/bjp.153.2.178 Eisenstein N, 1997, PSYCHOL ASSESSMENT, V9, P57 EPPINGER MG, 1987, J CONSULT CLIN PSYCH, V55, P86, DOI 10.1037/0022-006X.55.1.86 FOLSTEIN MF, 1975, J PSYCHIAT RES, V12, P189, DOI 10.1016/0022-3956(75)90026-6 GOLDSTEIN FC, 1986, J CLIN EXP NEUROPSYC, V8, P405, DOI 10.1080/01688638608401330 HILDMAN LK, 1993, J PSYCHOEDUC ASSESS, V11, P98, DOI 10.1177/073428299301100115 KARZMARK P, 1985, J CLIN EXP NEUROPSYC, V7, P412, DOI 10.1080/01688638508401273 Kaufman A. S., 1990, KAUFMAN BRIEF INTELL Kertesz A., 1982, W APHASIA BATTERY KLESGES R E C, 1981, Clinical Neuropsychology, V3, P32 KLESGES R, 1984, INT J CLIN NEUROPSYC, V7, P1 KLESGES RC, 1987, INT J CLIN NEUROPSYC, V9, P1 KLESGES RC, 1981, CLIN NEUROPSYCHOLOGY, V3, P13 LAW JG, 1981, PERCEPT MOTOR SKILL, V52, P919 NELSON HE, 1975, BRIT J SOC CLIN PSYC, V14, P259 NELSON HE, 1978, CORTEX, V14, P234 NELSON HE, 1982, NATL ADULTS READING OCARROLL RE, 1986, BRIT J CLIN PSYCHOL, V25, P157 PAOLO AM, 1992, ARCH CLIN NEUROPSYCH, V7, P135 Paolo AM, 1996, J CLIN PSYCHOL, V52, P335 Raven J. C., 1990, MANUAL RAVENS PROGR RUSSELL EW, 1972, J CONSULT CLIN PSYCH, V39, P133, DOI 10.1037/h0033212 RYAN JJ, 1992, CLIN NEUROPSYCHOL, V6, P53, DOI 10.1080/13854049208404117 SCHOW R, 1982, EAR HEARING, V3, P134 SWEET JJ, 1990, PSYCHOL ASSESSMENT J, V2, P41 SWIERCINSKY DP, 1977, J CONSULT CLIN PSYCH, V45, P808, DOI 10.1037//0022-006X.45.5.808 VanderLoop SL, 1995, BIOREMED SER, V3, P225 Wechsler D., 1958, MEASUREMENT APPRAISA Wechsler D, 1997, WECHSLER ADULT INTEL, V3rd Wechsler D., 1981, MANUAL WECHSLER ADUL WILSON RS, 1978, J CONSULT CLIN PSYCH, V46, P1554, DOI 10.1037//0022-006X.46.6.1554 WOOLF HB, 1974, MERRIAMWEBSTER DICT NR 38 TC 1 Z9 1 PU PSYCHOLOGY PRESS PI HOVE PA 27 CHURCH RD, HOVE BN3 2FA, EAST SUSSEX, ENGLAND SN 0268-7038 J9 APHASIOLOGY JI Aphasiology PD NOV PY 2000 VL 14 IS 11 BP 1091 EP 1103 DI 10.1080/02687030050174647 PG 13 WC Clinical Neurology SC Neurosciences & Neurology GA 369RY UT WOS:000165081800002 ER PT J AU Seddoh, SA AF Seddoh, SA TI Basis of intonation disturbance in aphasia: Production SO APHASIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID UNILATERAL BRAIN-DAMAGE; FUNDAMENTAL-FREQUENCY; RIGHT-HEMISPHERE; BROCAS APHASIA; AFFECTIVE CONTEXTS; LINGUISTIC STRESS; SPEECH PROSODY; LANGUAGE; CONTOURS; PERCEPTION AB The purpose of the present study was to determine if abnormalities in intonation produced by patients with aphasia have their origin in linguistic or nonlinguistic deficit. Components of fundamental frequency (F0) contours that were either linguistically or nonlinguistically determined were examined in utterances produced by patients with fluent and nonfluent aphasia, as well as by a group of normal subjects. While the production of high components of the terminal F0 contours in interrogatives was difficult for both groups of aphasic subjects, in general, their performances on measures in the two categories of F0 components were comparable to the performance of the normal subjects. Discussion focuses on theoretical and methodological aspects of intonation evaluation in the aphasic population. C1 So Univ, Dept Speech Pathol & Audiol, Baton Rouge, LA 70813 USA. RP Seddoh, SA (reprint author), So Univ, Dept Speech Pathol & Audiol, POB 9227, Baton Rouge, LA 70813 USA. CR 't Hart J., 1975, J PHONETICS, V3, P235 Arvaniti A, 1998, J PHONETICS, V26, P3, DOI 10.1006/jpho.1997.0063 ASHBY MG, 1978, LANG SPEECH, V21, P326 Balan A, 1999, BRAIN LANG, V67, P73, DOI 10.1006/brln.1998.2035 Baum SR, 1999, APHASIOLOGY, V13, P581 Baum SR, 1998, J SPEECH LANG HEAR R, V41, P31 BAUM SR, 1990, BRAIN LANG, V39, P33, DOI 10.1016/0093-934X(90)90003-Y Baum SR, 1997, APHASIOLOGY, V11, P177, DOI 10.1080/02687039708248463 Baum SR, 1999, BRAIN LANG, V67, P30, DOI 10.1006/brln.1999.2047 BEHRENS SJ, 1989, BRAIN LANG, V37, P181, DOI 10.1016/0093-934X(89)90014-X Benton A. L., 1974, REVISED VISUAL RETEN Benton A. L., 1983, CONTRIBUTIONS NEUROP BENTON AL, 1989, MULTILINGUA APHASIA BOLINGER D, 1987, AM SPEECH, V62, P261, DOI 10.2307/454810 BUCKINGHAM HW, 1987, CLIN LINGUIST PHONET, V1, P113, DOI 10.3109/02699208708985007 Collier R., 1990, PERCEPTUAL STUDY INT COLLIER R, 1975, J ACOUST SOC AM, V58, P249, DOI 10.1121/1.380654 Cooper W. E., 1981, FUNDAMENTAL FREQUENC COOPER WE, 1984, LANG SPEECH, V27, P17 Cooper W.E., 1987, PHONETIC APPROACHES, P59 COOPER WE, 1979, SPEECH COMMUN, P265 DAMASIO H, 1991, LESION ANAL NEUROPSY DANLY M, 1982, BRAIN LANG, V16, P171, DOI 10.1016/0093-934X(82)90082-7 DANLY M, 1979, SPEECH COMMUN, P259 DANLY M, 1983, BRAIN LANG, V19, P1, DOI 10.1016/0093-934X(83)90052-4 DUCHAN JF, 1980, BRAIN LANG, V9, P289, DOI 10.1016/0093-934X(80)90148-0 EADY SJ, 1986, J ACOUST SOC AM, V80, P402, DOI 10.1121/1.394091 Enderby P. M., 1983, FRENCHAY DYSARTHRIA Ervin-Tripp Susan, 1974, PAPERS REPORTS CHILD, V8, P188 GANDOUR J, 1992, BRAIN LANG, V43, P275, DOI 10.1016/0093-934X(92)90131-W GANDOUR J, 1989, BRAIN LANG, V37, P232, DOI 10.1016/0093-934X(89)90017-5 GANDOUR J, 1988, BRAIN LANG, V35, P201, DOI 10.1016/0093-934X(88)90109-5 GANDOUR J, 1984, BRAIN LANG, V23, P177, DOI 10.1016/0093-934X(84)90063-4 Gandour J. T., 1987, PHONETIC APPROACHES, P45 Gandour J, 1998, APHASIA IN ATYPICAL POPULATIONS, P117 GARDING E, 1965, STUD LINGUISTICA, V19, P61, DOI 10.1111/j.1467-9582.1965.tb00527.x Gelfer C.E., 1983, VOCAL FOLD PHYSL BIO, P113 Goodglass H, 1983, ASSESSMENT APHASIA R, V2nd GRAFFRADFORD NR, 1986, BRAIN LANG, V28, P86, DOI 10.1016/0093-934X(86)90093-3 Grela B, 1999, APHASIOLOGY, V13, P151, DOI 10.1080/026870399402253 HADDINGKOCH K, 1964, PHONETICA, V11, P175 HAUSER MD, 1992, J ACOUST SOC AM, V91, P363, DOI 10.1121/1.402779 HWOARD D, 1987, APHASIA THERAPY HIST JASSEM W, 1975, AUDITORY ANAL PERCEP, P523 Kertesz A., 1979, APHASIA ASS DISORDER KLOUDA GV, 1988, BRAIN LANG, V35, P154, DOI 10.1016/0093-934X(88)90106-X Ladd D. R., 1983, PROSODY MODELS MEASU, P39 Ladd D. R., 1984, PHONOLOGY YB, V1, P53, DOI DOI 10.1017/S0952675700000294 LADD DR, 1983, LANGUAGE, V59, P721, DOI 10.2307/413371 Ladd DR, 1999, J ACOUST SOC AM, V106, P1543, DOI 10.1121/1.427151 Ladefoged Peter, 1996, ELEMENTS ACOUSTIC PH Li C. N., 1978, TONE LINGUISTIC SURV, P271 LOEB DF, 1993, J SPEECH HEAR RES, V36, P4 MCNEIL MR, 1991, CLIN APHASIOLOGY, V20, P21 NAESER MA, 1980, NEUROPSYCHOLOGIA, V18, P389, DOI 10.1016/0028-3932(80)90143-8 NAGEL HN, 1994, J PSYCHOLINGUIST RES, V23, P473 Niemi J, 1998, BRAIN LANG, V61, P45, DOI 10.1006/brln.1997.1877 OSHAUGHNESSY D, 1979, J PHONETICS, V7, P119 OHALA JJ, 1973, J ACOUST SOC AM, V53, P345, DOI 10.1121/1.1982441 Osterrieth PA, 1944, ARCH PSYCHOL-GENEVE, V30, P206 PARKER F, 1985, AM SPEECH, V60, P337, DOI 10.2307/454911 Pell MD, 1998, NEUROPSYCHOLOGIA, V36, P701, DOI 10.1016/S0028-3932(98)00008-6 Pell MD, 1997, BRAIN LANG, V57, P80, DOI 10.1006/brln.1997.1638 Pell MD, 1997, BRAIN LANG, V57, P195, DOI 10.1006/brln.1997.1736 Perkins JM, 1996, APHASIOLOGY, V10, P343, DOI 10.1080/02687039608248416 Pierrehumbert J, 1987, PHONOLOGY PHONETICS Porch B. E., 1967, PORCH INDEX COMMUNIC Rey A, 1941, ARCH PSYCHOLOGIE, V28, P286 ROSE P, 1987, SPEECH COMMUN, V6, P343, DOI 10.1016/0167-6393(87)90009-4 ROSS E, 1992, Neurology, V42, P411 ROSS ED, 1981, ARCH NEUROL-CHICAGO, V38, P561 Ross ED, 1997, BRAIN LANG, V56, P27, DOI 10.1006/brln.1997.1731 RUSSELL EW, 1975, J CONSULT CLIN PSYCH, V43, P800, DOI 10.1037/0022-006X.43.6.800 RYALLS JH, 1988, APHASIOLOGY, V2, P107, DOI 10.1080/02687038808248897 RYALLS JH, 1984, PHONETICA, V41, P103 RYALLS JH, 1982, NEUROPSYCHOLOGIA, V20, P355, DOI 10.1016/0028-3932(82)90110-5 Seddoh S. A. K., 1999, J ACOUSTICAL SOC A 2, V106, P2246, DOI 10.1121/1.427663 Seddoh SAK, 1996, J SPEECH HEAR RES, V39, P590 SEDDOH SAK, 1997, P INT C COGN SCI ICC, P21 SHAPIRO BE, 1985, BRAIN LANG, V25, P19, DOI 10.1016/0093-934X(85)90118-X SHAPIRO LP, 1995, BRAIN LANG, V50, P240, DOI 10.1006/brln.1995.1047 SMITH BL, 1994, J ACOUST SOC AM, V96, P699, DOI 10.1121/1.410308 Snow D, 1998, J SPEECH LANG HEAR R, V41, P576 So LKH, 1995, J CHILD LANG, V22, P473 Sorensen J.M., 1980, PERCEPTION PRODUCTIO, P399 SUNDBERG J, 1979, J PHONETICS, V7, P71 TAFF A, 1998, J ACOUST SOC AM, V103, P2889, DOI 10.1121/1.421800 t'Hart J., 1973, J PHONETICS, V1, P309 TONKOVAYAMPOLSK.RV, 1973, STUDIES CHILD LANGUA, P128 Vaissiere Jacqueline, 1983, PROSODY MODELS MEASU, P53 VANLANCKER D, 1992, J SPEECH HEAR RES, V35, P963 WEINTRAUB S, 1981, ARCH NEUROL-CHICAGO, V38, P742 Xu Y, 1998, PHONETICA, V55, P179, DOI 10.1159/000028432 NR 93 TC 5 Z9 5 PU PSYCHOLOGY PRESS PI HOVE PA 27 CHURCH RD, HOVE BN3 2FA, EAST SUSSEX, ENGLAND SN 0268-7038 J9 APHASIOLOGY JI Aphasiology PD NOV PY 2000 VL 14 IS 11 BP 1105 EP 1126 DI 10.1080/02687030050174656 PG 22 WC Clinical Neurology SC Neurosciences & Neurology GA 369RY UT WOS:000165081800003 ER PT J AU Vanhalle, C Lemieux, S Joubert, S Goulet, P Ska, B Joanette, Y AF Vanhalle, C Lemieux, S Joubert, S Goulet, P Ska, B Joanette, Y TI Processing of speech acts by right hemisphere brain-damaged patients: An ecological approach SO APHASIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID APPRECIATION; REQUESTS AB Four non-ecological studies (Heeschen and Reisches 1979, Hirst et al. 1984, Foldi 1987, Weylman et al. 1989) have shown that a lesion to the right hemisphere can cause deficits in the processing of indirect speech acts. The authors have suggested that an alternative interpretation based on contextual elements could underlie this difficulty. The purpose of this study was to verify whether subjects who suffer a right hemisphere lesion have as much difficulty interpreting context and speech acts in a natural communicative situation as in a non-natural or pseudo-natural situation. A group of 28 subjects (14 RHD subjects and 14 normal controls) were given three tasks, which represented three different communicative situations: natural, non-natural, and pseudo-natural. The results show that RHD subjects process speech acts as efficiently as controls when they occur in a natural or pseudo-natural situation. However, they process direct and indirect speech acts significantly worse than controls in a non-natural communicative context. These results suggest that the natural character of the situation is crucial to this type of study. The ecological validity of previous studies is questioned, and it is suggested that the types of tasks formerly used do not measure the processing of speech acts per se, but rather the ability to judge the plausibility of a statement expressing an indirect speech act based on the naturalness of the contextual elements. C1 Inst Univ Geriatrie Montreal, Ctr Rech, Montreal, PQ H3W 1W5, Canada. Univ Montreal, Fac Med, Ecole Orthophonie & Audiol, Montreal, PQ H3C 3J7, Canada. Ctr Readaptat Lucie Bruneau, Programme PIC, Montreal, PQ, Canada. RP Joanette, Y (reprint author), Inst Univ Geriatrie Montreal, Ctr Rech, 4565 Queen Mary Rd, Montreal, PQ H3W 1W5, Canada. CR Austin J., 1962, DO THINGS WORDS Blum-Kulka Shoshana, 1989, CROSS CULTURAL PRAGM Code C., 1987, LANGUAGE APHASIA RIG FOLDI NS, 1987, BRAIN LANG, V31, P88, DOI 10.1016/0093-934X(87)90062-9 FOLDI NS, 1983, LANGUAGE FUNCTIONS B, P51 Gardner H., 1983, COGNITIVE PROCESSING, P169 HEESCHEN C, 1979, ABILITY BRAIN DAMAGE HIRST W, 1984, BRAIN LANG, V23, P26, DOI 10.1016/0093-934X(84)90003-8 Joanette Y., 1990, RIGHT HEMISPHERE VER KLONOFF H, 1966, J GERONTOL, V21, P239 Levinson Stephen C., 1983, PRAGMATICS PICARD C, 1993, THESIS U MONTREAL CA Searle J., 1969, SPEECH ACTS ESSAY PH STEMMER B, 1994, BRAIN LANG, V47, P1, DOI 10.1006/brln.1994.1040 TOMPKINS CA, 1994, RIGHT HEMISPHERE COM WEYLMAN ST, 1989, BRAIN LANG, V36, P580, DOI 10.1016/0093-934X(89)90087-4 NR 16 TC 17 Z9 17 PU PSYCHOLOGY PRESS PI HOVE PA 27 CHURCH RD, HOVE BN3 2FA, EAST SUSSEX, ENGLAND SN 0268-7038 J9 APHASIOLOGY JI Aphasiology PD NOV PY 2000 VL 14 IS 11 BP 1127 EP 1141 DI 10.1080/02687030050174665 PG 15 WC Clinical Neurology SC Neurosciences & Neurology GA 369RY UT WOS:000165081800004 ER PT J AU Kemmerer, D AF Kemmerer, D TI Grammatically relevant and grammatically irrelevant features of verb meaning can be independently impaired SO APHASIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID RETRIEVAL; APHASIA; TRANSITIVITY; CONSTRUCTION; ACQUISITION; COMPLEXITY; DEFICITS; BROCAS AB According to the 'grammatically relevant semantic subsystem' hypothesis proposed by Pinker (1989), the meanings of verbs contain two different types of information: (1) a restricted set of semantic features that are visible to grammar and that influence the syntactic argument structure possibilities of verbs; and (2) an open-ended set of idiosyncratic perceptual and conceptual features that are not visible to grammar and that enable verbs to encode all kinds of subtle distinctions involving manner of motion, change of state, and so forth. If these two components of verb meaning reside at different levels of mental representation, as the hypothesis maintains, then it is possible that they could be independently disrupted by brain damage. This paper reports a series of experiments that confirmed this prediction. Three brain-damaged subjects exhibited different performance profiles on two tests that evaluated their knowledge of grammatically relevant and grammatically irrelevant components of verb meaning. 1978JB and 1962RR performed well, but 2011SS performed poorly, on a word-picture matching test that required them to discriminate between verb triplets that differed only with respect to subtle, grammatically irrelevant perceptual and conceptual features-e.g., spill-pour-sprinkle. In contrast, 1978JB and 1962RR performed poorly, but 2011SS performed well, on a second test that required them to judge the grammaticality of sentences containing the very same verbs-e.g., Sam spilled beer on his pants vs. *Sam spilled his pants wi th beer. Linguistic analyses have shown that the grammaticality of these sentences depends on the compatibility between certain semantic features of the verbs and the inherent semantic content of the grammatical constructions. Finally, all of the subjects performed well on a third test that required them to judge the grammaticality of sentences that have purely syntactic violations. Taken together, these results suggest that 1978JB and 1962RR have a disorder that selectively involves the level of grammatically relevant semantic structure, whereas 2011SS has a disorder that selectively involves grammatically irrelevant aspects of verb meaning. This study therefore supports the hypothesis that grammatically relevant and grammatically irrelevant components of verb meaning are segregated in the mind/ brain. C1 Univ Iowa Hosp & Clin, Iowa City, IA 52242 USA. RP Kemmerer, D (reprint author), Purdue Univ, Dept Audiol & Speech Sci, 1353 Heavilon Hall, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. CR Berndt RS, 1997, BRAIN LANG, V56, P68 Bickerton Derek, 1981, ROOTS LANGUAGE BLEYVROMAN R, 1992, 1 ESL U HAW Breedin SD, 1998, BRAIN LANG, V63, P1, DOI 10.1006/brln.1997.1923 Breedin SD, 1999, BRAIN LANG, V69, P264 BREEDIN SD, 1984, COGNITIE NEUROPSYCHO, V1, P617 Breedin SD, 1996, COGNITIVE NEUROPSYCH, V13, P51, DOI 10.1080/026432996382060 Brinkmann U, 1997, LOCATIVE ALTERNATION BYNG S, 1988, COGNITIVE NEUROPSYCH, V5, P629, DOI 10.1080/02643298808253277 Caplan D, 1998, BRAIN LANG, V63, P184, DOI 10.1006/brln.1998.1930 Cowart W., 1997, EXPT SYNTAX DAMASIO H, 1992, ARCH NEUROL-CHICAGO, V49, P137 DAMASIO H, 1989, LEISON ANAL NEUROPSY Damasio H, 1995, HUMAN BRAIN ANATOMY Francis WN, 1982, FREQUENCY ANAL ENGLI Frawley W., 1992, LINGUISTIC SEMANTICS Goldberg A., 1995, CONSTRUCTIONS GROPEN J, 1991, J CHILD LANG, V18, P115 Gropen J., 1991, COGNITION, V41, P143 GROPEN J, 1989, LANGUAGE, V65, P203, DOI 10.2307/415332 Jackendoff R, 1997, LANGUAGE, V73, P534, DOI 10.2307/415883 Jackendoff Ray, 1997, ARCHITECTURE LANGUAG Jonkers R, 1997, BRAIN LANG, V60, P33 Jonkers R, 1998, APHASIOLOGY, V12, P245, DOI 10.1080/02687039808249453 Jonkers R, 1996, BRAIN LANG, V55, P37 Kay P, 1999, LANGUAGE, V75, P1, DOI 10.2307/417472 Kay P., 1997, WORDS GRAMMAR CONTEX KAY P, UNPUB CONSTRUCTION G KEMMERER D, IN PRESS BRAIN LANGU KEMMERER D, IN PRESS LANGUAGE CO Langacker R. W., 1991, FDN COGNITIVE GRAMMA, VII LEVIN B, 1991, LEXICAL CONCEPTUAL S, P123 LEVIN B, 1995, UNACOUSATIVITY Levin Beth, 1993, ENGLISH VERB CLASSES Marshall J, 1996, J NEUROLINGUIST, V9, P251, DOI 10.1016/S0911-6044(97)82797-2 Michaelis LA, 1996, LANGUAGE, V72, P215, DOI 10.2307/416650 Mohanan T., 1999, GRAMMATICAL SEMANTIC Pinker S., 1984, LANGUAGE LEARNABILIT Pinker Steven, 1989, LEARNABILITY COGNITI Rappaport Hovrav M., 1998, PROJECTION ARGUMENTS, P97 Rosen ST, 1996, LINGUISTICS, V34, P191, DOI 10.1515/ling.1996.34.2.191 Shibatani Masayoshi, 1996, GRAMMATICAL CONSTRUC Slobin, 1985, CROSSLINGUISTIC STUD, V2, P1157 SLOBIN DI, 1997, CROSSLINGUISTIC STUD, V0005 Talmy L, 1985, LANGUAGE TYPOLOGY SY, V3, P56 Talmy L., 1983, SPATIAL ORIENTATION, P225, DOI DOI 10.1007/978-1-4615-9325-6_11 Talmy L, 1991, P 17 ANN M BERK LING, P480 Talmy Leonard, 2000, COGNITIVE SEMANTICS Talmy Leonard, 1988, TOPICS COGNITIVE LIN, P165 Thompson CK, 1997, APHASIOLOGY, V11, P473, DOI 10.1080/02687039708248485 Tomasello Michael, 1998, NEW PSYCHOL LANGUAGE Tranel D, 1996, NEUROPSYCHOLOGICAL A, P81 Van Valin Jr Robert D., 1997, SYNTAX STRUCTURE MEA VERSPOOR M, 1997, LEXICAL SYNTACTICAL WIERZBICKA A., 1988, SEMANTICS GRAMMAR NR 55 TC 29 Z9 29 PU PSYCHOLOGY PRESS PI HOVE PA 27 CHURCH RD, HOVE BN3 2FA, EAST SUSSEX, ENGLAND SN 0268-7038 J9 APHASIOLOGY JI Aphasiology PD OCT PY 2000 VL 14 IS 10 BP 997 EP 1020 DI 10.1080/02687030050156584 PG 24 WC Clinical Neurology SC Neurosciences & Neurology GA 364RM UT WOS:000089906800002 ER PT J AU Lu, CC Bates, E Li, P Tzeng, O Hung, D Tsai, CH Lee, S Chung, YM AF Lu, CC Bates, E Li, P Tzeng, O Hung, D Tsai, CH Lee, S Chung, YM TI Judgements of grammaticality in aphasia: The special case of Chinese SO APHASIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID SENTENCE INTERPRETATION; AGRAMMATIC APHASICS; WORD ORDER; COMPREHENSION; TIME; SENSITIVITY; JUDGMENTS; LANGUAGE; ONLINE; NORMALS AB Theories of agrammatism have been challenged by the discovery that agrammatic patients can make above-chance judgements of grammaticality. Chinese poses an interesting test of this phenomenon, because its grammar is so austere, with few obligatory features. An on-line grammaticality judgement task was conducted with normal and aphasic speakers of Chinese, using the small set of constructions that do permit judgements of grammaticality in this language. Broca's and Wernicke's aphasics showed similar patterns, with above-chance discrimination between grammatical and ungrammatical forms, suggesting once again that Broca's aphasics are not unique in the degree of sparing or impairment that they show in receptive grammar. However, even for young normals, false-negative rates were high. We conclude that there is some sensitivity to grammatical well-formedness in Chinese aphasics, but the effect is fragile for aphasics and probabilistic for normals, reflecting the peculiar status of grammaticality in this language. C1 Univ Calif San Diego, Ctr Res Language 0526, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA. Natl Hsinchu Teachers Coll, Hsinchu, Taiwan. Univ Richmond, Richmond, VA 23173 USA. Natl Yang Ming Univ, Taipei 112, Taiwan. Vet Gen Hosp, Taipei, Taiwan. RP Bates, E (reprint author), Univ Calif San Diego, Ctr Res Language 0526, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA. EM bates@crl.ucsd.edu RI Lu, Ching-ching/F-7042-2010 CR BATES E, 1989, APHASIOLOGY, V3, P111, DOI 10.1080/02687038908248981 Bates E., 1991, BRAIN LANGUAGE, V41 Bates E, 1996, PERCEPT PSYCHOPHYS, V58, P992, DOI 10.3758/BF03206827 BATES E, 1991, BRAIN LANG, V41, P123, DOI 10.1016/0093-934X(91)90149-U BATES E, 1987, CORTEX, V23, P545 Bates E, 1996, BRAIN LANG, V55, P104 BATES EA, 1988, BRAIN LANG, V33, P323, DOI 10.1016/0093-934X(88)90072-7 BAYNES K, 1988, LANGUAGE COMMUNICATI Blackwell A, 1996, LANG COGNITIVE PROC, V11, P337, DOI 10.1080/016909696387150 BLACKWELL A, 1995, J COGNITIVE NEUROSCI, V7, P228, DOI 10.1162/jocn.1995.7.2.228 Blumstein SE, 1997, BRAIN LANG, V60, P335, DOI 10.1006/brln.1997.1796 Bradley D. C., 1980, BIOL STUDIES MENTAL Caplan D., 1987, NEUROLINGUISTICS LIN CARAMAZZA A, 1976, BRAIN LANG, V3, P572, DOI 10.1016/0093-934X(76)90048-1 Chao Yuen Ren, 1968, GRAMMAR SPOKEN CHINE Chen Chung-yu, 1978, J CHINESE LINGUISTIC, V6, P76 COHEN J, 1993, BEHAV RES METH INSTR, V25, P257, DOI 10.3758/BF03204507 Devescovi A, 1997, APHASIOLOGY, V11, P543, DOI 10.1080/02687039708248490 Dick F, 1998, BRAIN LANG, V65, P57 FEDERMEIER KD, 1997, CTR RES LANGUAGE NEW, V11 FRIEDERICI AD, 1985, COGNITION, V19, P133, DOI 10.1016/0010-0277(85)90016-2 GARRETT M, 1992, COGNITION, V42, P143, DOI 10.1016/0010-0277(92)90042-G Goodglass H., 1993, UNDERSTANDING APHASI Goodglass H., 1983, BOSTON DIAGNOSTIC AP, V2nd GRODZINSKY Y, IN PRESS BEHAV BRAIN GRODZINSKY Y, 1993, BRAIN LANG, V45, P299, DOI 10.1006/brln.1993.1047 Grodzinslcy Y., 1990, THEORETICAL PERSPECT HAARMANN HJ, 1994, BRAIN LANG, V46, P493, DOI 10.1006/brln.1994.1028 HAGOORT P, 1993, BRAIN LANG, V45, P189, DOI 10.1006/brln.1993.1043 HEILMAN KM, 1976, CORTEX, V12, P258 HICKOK G, 1993, BRAIN LANG, V45, P371, DOI 10.1006/brln.1993.1051 HUANG CTJ, 1984, LINGUIST INQ, V15, P531 HUBER W, 1990, 28 ANN M AC APH BALT JAREMA G, 1994, BRAIN LANG, V46, P683, DOI 10.1006/brln.1994.1037 Levelt W., 1972, LINGUISTISCHE BERICH, V17, P18 Levelt W. J. M., 1974, FORMAL GRAMMARS LING, VIII LEVELT WJM, 1977, ACCETABILITY LANGUAG Levelt WJM, 1999, BEHAV BRAIN SCI, V22, P1 Li C. N., 1981, MANDARIN CHINESE FUN Li P, 1998, SYNTAX SEMANTICS, V31, P33, DOI 10.1108/S0092-4563(1998)0000031005 LI P, 1993, J MEM LANG, V32, P169, DOI 10.1006/jmla.1993.1010 Li P., 1990, THESIS LEIDEN U NETH Li P, 1996, PERCEPT PSYCHOPHYS, V58, P571, DOI 10.3758/BF03213091 LI SE, 1994, EVALUATION LANGUAGE, P285 LINEBARGER MC, 1983, COGNITION, V13, P361, DOI 10.1016/0010-0277(83)90015-X LIU H, 1992, P 14 ANN C COGN SCI LIU H, 1996, THESIS U CALIFORNIA LIU H, 1992, APPL PSYCHOLINGUIST, V13, P451, DOI 10.1017/S0142716400005762 LIU S, 1999, UNPUB HEMISPHERIC SE LU JM, 1980, ZHONGGUO YUWEN, V1, P28 MAUNER G, 1993, BRAIN LANG, V45, P340, DOI 10.1006/brln.1993.1050 MENN L, 1990, GRAMMATIC APHASIA CR MILBERG W, 1995, J COGNITIVE NEUROSCI, V7, P33, DOI 10.1162/jocn.1995.7.1.33 Newmeyer F. J., 1980, LINGUISTIC THEORY AM OSTRIN RK, 1993, BRAIN LANG, V45, P147, DOI 10.1006/brln.1993.1040 PLAUT DC, 1995, J CLIN EXP NEUROPSYC, V17, P291, DOI 10.1080/01688639508405124 PRATHER P, 1991, J PSYCHOLINGUIST RES, V20, P271, DOI 10.1007/BF01067219 SHANKWEILER D, 1989, Language and Cognitive Processes, V4, P1, DOI 10.1080/01690968908406355 Shengshu Ding, 1961, XIANDAI HANYU YUFA J SMYTH RH, 1986, COGNITIVE ASPECTS AN VONSTOCKERT TR, 1976, CORTEX, V12, P49 WANG L, 1957, ZHONGGUO XIANDAI YUF WILBERTZ A, 1991, STUD VIS INFORM PROC, V2, P353 WULFECK BB, 1988, J SPEECH HEAR RES, V31, P72 WULFECK B, 1991, J COGNITIVE NEUROSCI, V3, P258, DOI 10.1162/jocn.1991.3.3.258 WULFECK B, 1991, BRAIN LANG, V41, P311, DOI 10.1016/0093-934X(91)90158-W ZURIF E, 1983, COGNITION, V15, P207, DOI 10.1016/0010-0277(83)90041-0 ZURIF E, 1993, BRAIN LANG, V45, P448, DOI 10.1006/brln.1993.1054 ZURIF E, 1976, STUDIES NEUROLINGUIS, P261 NR 69 TC 8 Z9 8 PU PSYCHOLOGY PRESS PI HOVE PA 27 CHURCH RD, HOVE BN3 2FA, EAST SUSSEX, ENGLAND SN 0268-7038 J9 APHASIOLOGY JI Aphasiology PD OCT PY 2000 VL 14 IS 10 BP 1021 EP 1054 PG 34 WC Clinical Neurology SC Neurosciences & Neurology GA 364RM UT WOS:000089906800003 ER PT J AU Baum, SR Leonard, CL AF Baum, SR Leonard, CL TI The role of sound and spelling in auditory word recognition: Further evidence from brain-damaged patients SO APHASIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID LEXICAL ACCESS; APHASIA AB This follow-up investigation explored the effects of phonological and orthographic relatedness on auditory lexical access in left- and right-hemisphere-damaged individuals. Participants listened to prime-target pairs that shared word-initial phonology (e.g., definite-deaf), initial orthography (e.g., logic-log), both initial phonology and orthography (e.g., message-mess), or were unrelated (e.g., castle-green), presented at two different inter-stimulus intervals. All groups of subjects demonstrated facilitation of lexical decision latencies due to the combined influence of both orthography and phonology, confirming earlier findings concerning rime relations. The findings are briefly discussed in relation to the neural representation of formal lexical codes. C1 McGill Univ, Sch Commun Sci & Disorders, Montreal, PQ H3G 1A8, Canada. RP Baum, SR (reprint author), McGill Univ, Sch Commun Sci & Disorders, 1266 Pine Ave W, Montreal, PQ H3G 1A8, Canada. CR Baum SR, 1999, CORTEX, V35, P647, DOI 10.1016/S0010-9452(08)70825-6 Baum SR, 1997, BRAIN LANG, V60, P347, DOI 10.1006/brln.1997.1829 Burton M. W., 1993, 34 ANN M PSYCH SOC W Caplan D., 1992, LANGUAGE STRUCTURE P Francis WN, 1982, FREQUENCY ANAL ENGLI Goodglass H, 1983, ASSESSMENT APHASIA R, V2nd GORDON JK, 1994, BRAIN LANG, V47, P661, DOI 10.1006/brln.1994.1062 Hagoort P, 1997, BRAIN LANG, V56, P287, DOI 10.1006/brln.1997.1849 JAKIMIK J, 1985, J MEM LANG, V24, P165, DOI 10.1016/0749-596X(85)90022-1 Leonard CL, 1997, APHASIOLOGY, V11, P1031, DOI 10.1080/02687039708249425 MANSLENWILSON W, 1989, LEXICAL REPRESENTATI MERTUS J, 1989, BLISS USERS MANUAL MILBERG W, 1988, B PSYCHONOMIC SOC, V26, P305 MILBERG W, 1995, J COGNITIVE NEUROSCI, V7, P33, DOI 10.1162/jocn.1995.7.1.33 MILBERG W, 1988, BRAIN LANG, V34, P279, DOI 10.1016/0093-934X(88)90139-3 Prather PA, 1997, BRAIN LANG, V59, P391, DOI 10.1006/brln.1997.1751 ZECKER SG, 1986, BRAIN LANG, V29, P372, DOI 10.1016/0093-934X(86)90055-6 NR 17 TC 1 Z9 1 PU PSYCHOLOGY PRESS PI HOVE PA 27 CHURCH RD, HOVE BN3 2FA, EAST SUSSEX, ENGLAND SN 0268-7038 J9 APHASIOLOGY JI Aphasiology PD OCT PY 2000 VL 14 IS 10 BP 1055 EP 1063 PG 9 WC Clinical Neurology SC Neurosciences & Neurology GA 364RM UT WOS:000089906800004 ER PT J AU Nagaratnam, N Nagaratnam, K AF Nagaratnam, N Nagaratnam, K TI Acute mixed transcortical aphasia with bihemispheric neurological deficits following diffuse cerebral dysfunction SO APHASIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID TRANSHEMISPHERIC DIASCHISIS; UNILATERAL STROKE; SENSORY APHASIA; VISUAL GUIDANCE; INFARCTION; HAND; COMPREHENSION; MOVEMENTS; SPEECH; ATAXIA AB A 78 year old man presented with acute mixed transcortical aphasia with intact naming and bilateral involvement of the motor systems following a left internal carotid artery stenosis. The CT scan showed hypodense areas in the border zones of the left hemisphere together with diffuse areas of ischaemia. Intact repetition the hallmark of transcortical aphasias and the exceptional preserved naming in this patient support the earlier findings that the contralateral hemisphere could mediate some aspects of language function. The patient also had bilateral motor abnormalities which could be explained on the occipito-parietal lesion. It is suggested that widespread hypofunction of the left hemisphere following cerebral ischaemia could give rise to bihemispheric neurological deficits which could be short lived and could possibly be attributed to bilateral cerebral blood flow changes that may occur with the hemispheric lesion. C1 Blacktown Hosp, Blacktown, NSW, Australia. Westmead Hosp, Westmead, NSW 2145, Australia. RP Nagaratnam, N (reprint author), Blacktown Hosp, Blacktown, NSW, Australia. CR ANDREWS RJ, 1991, STROKE, V22, P943 BERTHIER ML, 1995, APHASIOLOGY, V9, P431, DOI 10.1080/02687039508248708 BERTHIER ML, 1991, BRAIN, V114, P1409, DOI 10.1093/brain/114.3.1409 Bogousslavsky J, 1988, BRAIN, V11, P631 DAMASIO AR, 1979, NEUROLOGY, V29, P170 DOBKIN JA, 1989, ARCH NEUROL-CHICAGO, V46, P1333 Fujii T, 1997, EUR NEUROL, V37, P193, DOI 10.1159/000117436 GESCHWIN.N, 1968, NEUROPSYCHOLOGIA, V6, P327, DOI 10.1016/0028-3932(68)90005-5 Goodglass H, 1972, ASSESSMENT APHASIA R HAAXMA R, 1975, BRAIN, V98, P239, DOI 10.1093/brain/98.2.239 HEILMAN KM, 1981, ARCH NEUROL-CHICAGO, V38, P236 HEILMAN KM, 1976, BRAIN, V99, P415, DOI 10.1093/brain/99.3.415 KAPUR N, 1984, BRAIN LANG, V23, P134, DOI 10.1016/0093-934X(84)90012-9 Kremin H, 1986, J NEUROLINGUIST, V2, P131, DOI DOI 10.1016/S0911-6044(86)80008-2 LAPLANE D, 1977, J NEUROL SCI, V34, P301, DOI 10.1016/0022-510X(77)90148-4 MCFARLING D, 1982, J NEUROL NEUROSUR PS, V45, P107, DOI 10.1136/jnnp.45.2.107 MCNABB AW, 1988, J NEUROL NEUROSUR PS, V51, P218, DOI 10.1136/jnnp.51.2.218 METTER EJ, 1981, ANN NEUROL, V10, P173, DOI 10.1002/ana.410100208 Nagaratnam N, 1998, APHASIOLOGY, V12, P489, DOI 10.1080/02687039808249550 Nagaratnam N, 1999, NEUROCASE, V5, P441 Nagaratnam N, 1998, J NEUROL SCI, V155, P204, DOI 10.1016/S0022-510X(97)00301-8 NAGARATNAM N, 1996, J NEUROLOGIC REHABIL, V10, P253 RAPCSAK SZ, 1990, STROKE, V21, P953 RONDOT P, 1977, BRAIN, V100, P355, DOI 10.1093/brain/100.2.355 ROSS ED, 1980, NEUROLOGY, V30, P144 RUBENS AB, 1983, LOCALIZATION NEUROPS, P245 SHIBASAKI H, 1993, BRAIN, V116, P1387, DOI 10.1093/brain/116.6.1387 SILVERI MC, 1995, BRAIN LANG, V49, P1, DOI 10.1006/brln.1995.1019 Silvestrini M, 1998, STROKE, V29, P1305 NR 29 TC 0 Z9 0 PU PSYCHOLOGY PRESS PI HOVE PA 27 CHURCH RD, HOVE BN3 2FA, EAST SUSSEX, ENGLAND SN 0268-7038 J9 APHASIOLOGY JI Aphasiology PD SEP PY 2000 VL 14 IS 9 BP 893 EP 899 PG 7 WC Clinical Neurology SC Neurosciences & Neurology GA 351ZJ UT WOS:000089189800002 ER PT J AU Raymer, AM Maher, LM Foundas, AL Rothi, LJG Heilman, KM AF Raymer, AM Maher, LM Foundas, AL Rothi, LJG Heilman, KM TI Analysis of lexical recovery in an individual with acute anomia SO APHASIOLOGY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 28th Annual Meeting of the Clinical Aphasiology Conference CY JUN, 1998 CL ASHEVILLE, NORTH CAROLINA ID LANGUAGE RECOVERY; APHASIA; STROKE; SPEECH; COMPREHENSION; NONFLUENCY; EVOLUTION; PATTERNS; FLUENCY; ERRORS AB Observing recovery of cognitive functions may provide converging evidence about the organization of systems that mediate cognitive functions. We analyzed recovery of lexical abilities in a patient, HH, with an acute onset of anomic aphasia following a cerebral infarction confined to the left temporo-occipital junction (area 37). His initial assessment, described in detail elsewhere (Raymer et al. 1997a), indicated a cross-modal anomia arising at a stage in lexical processing at which semantic information accesses phonological and orthographic lexical mechanisms for speech and writing. We also documented reading and spelling impairments that we attributed to developmental deficits. We now report our patient's follow-up testing at 6 and 15 months post-stroke. Recovery testing demonstrated significant improvements in task performance across recovery phases: word retrieval in naming and spelling tasks recovered in the earlier recovery phase and reading improved at the later testing. Word frequency effects varied across observations. Over time, error patterns evolved from off-target and semantically related responses towards correct responses. The parallel recovery patterns in oral and written naming support our proposal that a common impairment was responsible for the cross-modal anomia. In contrast, recovery of reading and spelling skills contradicts our hypothesis that these problems were developmental in origin. C1 Old Dominion Univ, Ctr Child Study, Dept ESSE, Norfolk, VA 23529 USA. Georgia State Univ, Atlanta, GA 30303 USA. Tulane Univ, New Orleans, LA 70118 USA. VAMC, Gainesville, FL USA. Univ Florida, Gainesville, FL USA. RP Raymer, AM (reprint author), Old Dominion Univ, Ctr Child Study, Dept ESSE, Norfolk, VA 23529 USA. CR Basso A, 1996, J CLIN EXP NEUROPSYC, V18, P77, DOI 10.1080/01688639608408264 Buchel C, 1998, NATURE, V394, P274, DOI 10.1038/28389 Cappa SF, 1997, BRAIN LANG, V56, P55, DOI 10.1006/brln.1997.1737 CARAMAZZA A, 1990, CORTEX, V26, P95 CRARY MA, 1988, APHASIOLOGY, V2, P67, DOI 10.1080/02687038808248888 Ellis A. W., 1988, HUMAN COGNITIVE NEUR Francis WN, 1982, FREQUENCY ANAL ENGLI GAINOTTI G, 1993, EUR J DISORDER COMM, V28, P227 KERTESZ A, 1977, BRAIN, V100, P1, DOI 10.1093/brain/100.1.1 Kertesz A., 1982, W APHASIA BATTERY KNOPMAN DS, 1984, NEUROLOGY, V34, P1461 KNOPMAN DS, 1983, NEUROLOGY, V33, P1170 Kohn SE, 1996, BRAIN LANG, V52, P129, DOI 10.1006/brln.1996.0007 Laiacona M, 1997, CORTEX, V33, P441, DOI 10.1016/S0010-9452(08)70229-6 LOMAS J, 1978, BRAIN LANG, V5, P388, DOI 10.1016/0093-934X(78)90034-2 Martin N, 1996, BRAIN LANG, V52, P3, DOI 10.1006/brln.1996.0002 MICELI G, 1991, CORTEX, V27, P57 MITCHUM CC, 1990, APHASIOLOGY, V4, P261, DOI 10.1080/02687039008249079 NAESER MA, 1989, BRAIN, V112, P1, DOI 10.1093/brain/112.1.1 NAESER MA, 1987, ARCH NEUROL-CHICAGO, V44, P73 NAESER MA, 1994, J CLIN NEUROPHYSIOL, V11, P150, DOI 10.1097/00004691-199403000-00002 NICKELS L, 1995, NEUROPSYCHOLOGIA, V33, P1281, DOI 10.1016/0028-3932(95)00102-9 PASHEK GV, 1988, CORTEX, V24, P411 PIENIADZ JM, 1983, CORTEX, V19, P371 Raymer AM, 1997, NEUROCASE, V3, P173, DOI 10.1080/13554799708404052 RAYMER AM, 1990, UNPUB FLORIDAY SEMAN Raymer AM, 1997, BRAIN LANG, V58, P137, DOI 10.1006/brln.1997.1786 Rothi L J, 1991, Clin Commun Disord, V1, P7 SANDS E, 1969, Archives of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, V50, P202 SARNO MT, 1970, J SPEECH HEAR RES, V13, P607 Vandenberghe R, 1996, NATURE, V383, P254, DOI 10.1038/383254a0 NR 31 TC 2 Z9 2 PU PSYCHOLOGY PRESS PI HOVE PA 27 CHURCH RD, HOVE BN3 2FA, EAST SUSSEX, ENGLAND SN 0268-7038 J9 APHASIOLOGY JI Aphasiology PD SEP PY 2000 VL 14 IS 9 BP 901 EP 910 PG 10 WC Clinical Neurology SC Neurosciences & Neurology GA 351ZJ UT WOS:000089189800003 ER PT J AU Worrall, L Yiu, E AF Worrall, L Yiu, E TI Effectiveness of functional communication therapy by volunteers for people with aphasia following stroke SO APHASIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID RANDOMIZED CONTROLLED TRIALS; EFFICACY; SF-36; METAANALYSIS; OUTCOMES; QUALITY AB The aim of this study was to develop and evaluate a scripted modular intervention programme called Speaking Out. Speaking Out is administered by trained volunteers in the home and focuses on the everyday communicative activities of aphasic stroke patients. The experimental design used repeated measures to examine the effect of counterbalanced treatments across individual subjects and across two matched groups. One group improved significantly on the Western Aphasia Battery (WAB) after the Speaking Out programme but there were no significant differences on any of the functional communication measures. Some change to health status scales was however found. There was a significant difference on both the WAB and the ASHA Functional Assessment of Communication Skills (ASHA FACS) for the other group following the Speaking Out programme. They also demonstrated some positive changes on the health status scales following the programme. There were more significant differences on intragroup comparisons than intergroup comparisons. For group 2, the ASHA FACS and the SF-36 showed significant differences between the Speaking Out programme and the recreational programme or no treatment at all. It was concluded that long standing aphasic speakers may benefit from a 10 week functional communication therapy programme delivered by trained volunteers. C1 Univ Queensland, Dept Speech Pathol & Audiol, Commun Disabil Ageing Res Unit, Brisbane, Qld 4072, Australia. Univ Hong Kong, Dept Speech & Hearing Sci, Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Peoples R China. RP Worrall, L (reprint author), Univ Queensland, Dept Speech Pathol & Audiol, Commun Disabil Ageing Res Unit, Brisbane, Qld 4072, Australia. RI Yiu, Edwin/A-3201-2010; Worrall, Linda/D-2579-2010 OI Worrall, Linda/0000-0002-3283-7038 CR ATEN JL, 1982, J SPEECH HEAR DISORD, V47, P93 BRAZIER JE, 1992, BRIT MED J, V305, P160 CAMPBELL DT, 1977, EXPT QUASIEXPERIMENT Emerson J, 1995, DOES SPEECH LANGUAGE FITZGIBBON CT, 1986, BRIT J DISORD COMMUN, V21, P117 Frattali C M, 1993, Disabil Rehabil, V15, P1 FRATTALI CM, 1995, ASHA FUNCTIONAL ASSE HENDERSON A, 1993, THESIS U QUEENSLAND HILL S, 1993, BRIT MED J, V307, P449 Holland A., 1980, COMMUNICATIVE ABILIT Holland AL, 1996, J SPEECH HEAR RES, V39, pS27 HOWARD D, 1986, BRIT J DISORD COMMUN, V21, P89 JENKINSON C, 1994, QUAL LIFE RES, V3, P7, DOI 10.1007/BF00647843 JOHANSEN A, 1993, BRIT MED J, V307, P127 Kagan A., 1993, APHASIA TREATMENT WO, P199 Kertesz A., 1982, W APHASIA BATTERY LALOR E, 1997, ASIA PACIFIC J SPEEC, V2, P195 LOMAS J, 1989, J SPEECH HEAR DISORD, V54, P113 MCHORNEY CA, 1994, MED CARE, V32, P551, DOI 10.1097/00005650-199406000-00002 *MED OUTC TRUST, 1994, SF36 MED OUTC TRUST Parr S, 1996, APHASIOLOGY, V10, P469, DOI 10.1080/02687039608248426 Porch B. E., 1967, PORCH INDEX COMMUNIC PRING TR, 1986, BRIT J DISORD COMMUN, V21, P103 Robey RR, 1998, J SPEECH LANG HEAR R, V41, P172 SINGLETON N, 1993, BRIT MED J, V307, P126 SMITH L, 1986, B COLLEGE SPEECH THE, V409, P10 WERTZ RT, 1981, J SPEECH HEAR RES, V24, P580 *WHO, 1997, ICIDH 2 INT CLASSIFI WHURR R, 1992, EUR J DISORDER COMM, V27, P1 WILSON IB, 1995, JAMA-J AM MED ASSOC, V273, P59, DOI 10.1001/jama.273.1.59 World Health Organization, 1980, INT CLASS IMP DIS HA Worrall L., 1999, FUNCTIONAL COMMUNICA Worrall L., 2000, NEUROGENIC COMMUNICA WORRALL LE, 1990, AUSTR J HUMAN COMMUN, V18, P53 NR 34 TC 22 Z9 22 PU PSYCHOLOGY PRESS PI HOVE PA 27 CHURCH RD, HOVE BN3 2FA, EAST SUSSEX, ENGLAND SN 0268-7038 J9 APHASIOLOGY JI Aphasiology PD SEP PY 2000 VL 14 IS 9 BP 911 EP 924 PG 14 WC Clinical Neurology SC Neurosciences & Neurology GA 351ZJ UT WOS:000089189800004 ER PT J AU Del Toro, JF AF Del Toro, JF TI An examination of automatic versus strategic semantic priming effects in Broca's aphasia SO APHASIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID LEXICAL-DECISION TASK; WORD RECOGNITION; SPREADING ACTIVATION; TIME-COURSE; ACCESS; CONTEXT; INFORMATION; AMBIGUITIES; ATTENTION; SENTENCE AB This experiment examined the nature of automatic versus strategic priming effects in Broca's aphasia. Broca's aphasics, age-matched controls, and young controls participated in a visual pairwise lexical decision task in a 250 SOA condition. A neutral priming condition was included to measure the contribution of facilitatory and inhibitory influences to the overall priming effect. Unlike the young normal controls, the age-matched controls and the Broca's aphasics displayed inhibitory priming effects, indicating the use of strategic processing in this short SOA condition. The results suggest that automatic lexical processing is reduced in Broca's aphasia, and perhaps declines with normal ageing as well. Furthermore, they support the hypothesis that subjects will resort to the use of conscious strategies in the lexical decision task, even in short SOA conditions, if unable to process the stimuli automatically. C1 Louisiana State Univ, Dept Commun Sci & Disorders, Baton Rouge, LA 70803 USA. RP Del Toro, JF (reprint author), Louisiana State Univ, Dept Commun Sci & Disorders, 163 Mus & Dramat Arts Bldg, Baton Rouge, LA 70803 USA. CR BALOTA DA, 1988, PSYCHOL AGING, V3, P84, DOI 10.1037/0882-7974.3.1.84 BALOTA DA, 1992, J EXP PSYCHOL HUMAN, V18, P485, DOI 10.1037/0096-1523.18.2.485 BATTIG WF, 1969, J EXP PSYCHOL, V80, P1, DOI 10.1037/h0027577 BECKER CA, 1977, J EXP PSYCHOL HUMAN, V3, P389, DOI 10.1037/0096-1523.3.3.389 BECKER CA, 1980, MEM COGNITION, V8, P493, DOI 10.3758/BF03213769 BLUMSTEIN SE, 1982, BRAIN LANG, V17, P301, DOI 10.1016/0093-934X(82)90023-2 BURKE DM, 1984, DEV PSYCHOL, V20, P903, DOI 10.1037//0012-1649.20.5.903 Bushell CM, 1996, BRAIN LANG, V55, P264, DOI 10.1006/brln.1996.0104 CERELLA J, 1994, ACTA PSYCHOL, V86, P109, DOI 10.1016/0001-6918(94)90002-7 CHENERY HJ, 1990, BRAIN LANG, V38, P215, DOI 10.1016/0093-934X(90)90112-T DEGROOT AMB, 1984, Q J EXP PSYCHOL-A, V36, P253 DENHEYER K, 1983, MEM COGNITION, V11, P374 FORSTER KI, 1981, Q J EXP PSYCHOL-A, V33, P465 FORSTER KI, 1976, NEW APPROACHES LANGU, P259 GOODGLASS H, 1976, BRAIN LANG, V3, P359, DOI 10.1016/0093-934X(76)90032-8 GROBER E, 1980, BRAIN LANG, V10, P318, DOI 10.1016/0093-934X(80)90059-0 HAGOORT P, 1989, BRAIN LANG, V36, P335, DOI 10.1016/0093-934X(89)90070-9 HAGOORT P, 1993, BRAIN LANG, V38, P215 Hagoort P, 1997, BRAIN LANG, V56, P287, DOI 10.1006/brln.1997.1849 HOWARD DV, 1986, J GERONTOL, V41, P195 KATZ WF, 1988, NEUROPSYCHOLOGIA, V26, P747, DOI 10.1016/0028-3932(88)90011-5 Kertesz A., 1982, W APHASIA BATTERY Kucera H., 1967, COMPUTATIONAL ANAL P MADDEN DJ, 1993, PSYCHOL AGING, V8, P490, DOI 10.1037/0882-7974.8.4.490 Maxwell SE, 1990, DESIGNING EXPT ANAL MILBERG W, 1987, BRAIN LANG, V31, P138, DOI 10.1016/0093-934X(87)90065-4 MILBERG W, 1995, J COGNITIVE NEUROSCI, V7, P33, DOI 10.1162/jocn.1995.7.1.33 MILBERG W, 1981, BRAIN LANG, V14, P371, DOI 10.1016/0093-934X(81)90086-9 Neely J. H., 1991, BASIC PROCESSES READ, P264 NEELY JH, 1977, J EXP PSYCHOL GEN, V106, P226, DOI 10.1037//0096-3445.106.3.226 NEELY JH, 1989, J EXP PSYCHOL LEARN, V15, P1003, DOI 10.1037//0278-7393.15.6.1003 OSTRIN RK, 1993, BRAIN LANG, V45, P147, DOI 10.1006/brln.1993.1040 Posner M. I., 1975, ATTENTION PERFORM, V5, P669 Posner M. I., 1975, INFORMATION PROCESSI, P55 PRATHER P, 1992, BRAIN LANG, V43, P336, DOI 10.1016/0093-934X(92)90134-Z Prather PA, 1997, BRAIN LANG, V59, P391, DOI 10.1006/brln.1997.1751 SCHVANEVELDT R, 1977, CHILD DEV, V48, P612 SHELTON JR, 1992, J EXP PSYCHOL LEARN, V18, P1191, DOI 10.1037//0278-7393.18.6.1191 Small S. I., 1988, LEXICAL AMBIGUITY RE, P289 STANOVICH KE, 1981, J EXP PSYCHOL HUMAN, V7, P658 SWINNEY D, 1995, BRAIN LANG, V50, P225, DOI 10.1006/brln.1995.1046 Swinney D, 1989, J Cogn Neurosci, V1, P25, DOI 10.1162/jocn.1989.1.1.25 TYLER LK, 1995, BRAIN LANG, V48, P131, DOI 10.1006/brln.1995.1007 WEST RF, 1982, J EXP PSYCHOL LEARN, V8, P385, DOI 10.1037//0278-7393.8.5.385 ZURIF EB, 1974, BRAIN LANG, V1, P167, DOI 10.1016/0093-934X(74)90032-7 NR 45 TC 10 Z9 10 PU PSYCHOLOGY PRESS PI HOVE PA 27 CHURCH RD, HOVE BN3 2FA, EAST SUSSEX, ENGLAND SN 0268-7038 J9 APHASIOLOGY JI Aphasiology PD SEP PY 2000 VL 14 IS 9 BP 925 EP 947 PG 23 WC Clinical Neurology SC Neurosciences & Neurology GA 351ZJ UT WOS:000089189800005 ER PT J AU Bell, EE Chenery, HJ Ingram, JCL AF Bell, EE Chenery, HJ Ingram, JCL TI Strategy-based semantic priming in Alzheimer's dementia SO APHASIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID LEXICAL DECISION; WORD RECOGNITION; SPREADING ACTIVATION; SENILE DEMENTIA; OLDER ADULTS; DISEASE; MEMORY; FACILITATION; RETRIEVAL; ATTENTION AB The ability to engage semantic search strategies was assessed in a group of patients with dementia of the Alzheimer's type (DAT) (n = 11) and a group of age-matched control subjects (n = 13). The subjects performed a semantic priming task in which attentional priming was induced by manipulating the expected relationship between the primes and targets. Older control subjects were able to predict target words on the basis of expectancy, regardless of the semantic relationship between the prime and target. The DAT patients were also able to predict targets on the basis of expectancy, but only when the prime and target were semantically related. These results suggest that the structure of semantic memory remains intact in DAT, and that semantic memory retrieval may be facilitated by providing DAT patients with appropriate search strategies. C1 Univ Queensland, Dept Speech Pathol & Audiol, Ctr Res Language Proc & Linguist, Brisbane, Qld 4072, Australia. Univ Queensland, Dept English, St Lucia, Qld 4067, Australia. RP Chenery, HJ (reprint author), Univ Queensland, Dept Speech Pathol & Audiol, Ctr Res Language Proc & Linguist, Brisbane, Qld 4072, Australia. RI Chenery, Helen/F-5194-2010 CR BALOTA DA, 1991, BRAIN LANG, V40, P181, DOI 10.1016/0093-934X(91)90124-J BALOTA DA, 1992, J EXP PSYCHOL HUMAN, V18, P485, DOI 10.1037/0096-1523.18.2.485 Battig W. F., 1969, J EXP PSYCHOL, V80, P1, DOI 10.1037/h0027577 Bayles K. A., 1993, ARIZONA BATTERY COMM BOWLES NL, 1985, J GERONTOL, V40, P71 BURKE DM, 1987, J EXP PSYCHOL HUMAN, V13, P79, DOI 10.1037//0096-1523.13.1.79 BUSCHKE H, 1984, J CLIN NEUROPSYCHOL, V6, P433, DOI 10.1080/01688638408401233 Carroll J. B., 1971, AM HERITAGE WORD FRE CASEY PJ, 1988, AUST J PSYCHOL, V40, P323, DOI 10.1080/00049538808260053 CERELLA J, 1984, DEV PSYCHOL, V20, P235, DOI 10.1037//0012-1649.20.2.235 CHENERY HJ, 1994, BRAIN COGNITION, V25, P108, DOI 10.1006/brcg.1994.1026 Chenery HJ, 1996, APHASIOLOGY, V10, P1, DOI 10.1080/02687039608248396 CHERTKOW H, 1989, BRAIN LANG, V36, P420, DOI 10.1016/0093-934X(89)90078-3 CHERTKOW H, 1994, J CLIN EXP NEUROPSYC, V16, P608, DOI 10.1080/01688639408402672 CHIARELLO C, 1985, J GERONTOL, V40, P593 COLLINS AM, 1975, PSYCHOL REV, V82, P407, DOI 10.1037//0033-295X.82.6.407 DEGROOT AMB, 1984, Q J EXP PSYCHOL-A, V36, P253 DEGROOT AMB, 1982, MEM COGNITION, V10, P358 DIESFELDT HFA, 1984, ARCH GERONTOL GERIAT, V3, P51, DOI 10.1016/0167-4943(84)90014-1 Ergis AM, 1998, CORTEX, V34, P357, DOI 10.1016/S0010-9452(08)70760-3 Gold M, 1997, BRAIN LANG, V57, P374, DOI 10.1006/brln.1997.1750 HARTMAN M, 1991, NEUROPSYCHOLOGIA, V29, P213, DOI 10.1016/0028-3932(91)90083-K HERLITZ A, 1991, J CLIN EXP NEUROPSYC, V13, P559, DOI 10.1080/01688639108401071 HUTTENLOCHER J, 1983, J EXP PSYCHOL LEARN, V9, P486, DOI 10.1037/0278-7393.9.3.486 JONIDES J, 1984, PSYCHOL BULL, V96, P29, DOI 10.1037/0033-2909.96.1.29 Kaplan E, 1983, BOSTON NAMING TEST Knight RG, 1996, NEUROPSYCHOLOGY, V10, P96 Martin A., 1992, NEUROPSYCHOLOGY MEMO, P220 McDonald C, 1996, J CLIN EXP NEUROPSYC, V18, P793, DOI 10.1080/01688639608408303 MCKHANN G, 1984, NEUROLOGY, V34, P939 MEYER DE, 1971, J EXP PSYCHOL, V90, P226 NEBES RD, 1984, J ABNORM PSYCHOL, V93, P321, DOI 10.1037/0021-843X.93.3.321 NEBES RD, 1989, PSYCHOL BULL, V106, P377, DOI 10.1037//0033-2909.106.3.377 Neely J. H., 1991, BASIC PROCESSES READ, P264 NEELY JH, 1977, J EXP PSYCHOL GEN, V106, P226, DOI 10.1037//0096-3445.106.3.226 Neely JH, 1989, PSYCHOL LEARN MOTIV, V24, P207 Ober BA, 1995, AGE DIFFERENCES WORD, P247, DOI 10.1016/S0166-4115(06)80074-9 OBER BA, 1991, PSYCHOL AGING, V6, P647, DOI 10.1037/0882-7974.6.4.647 Posner M. I., 1975, INFORMATION PROCESSI, P55 RAPP B, 1993, COGNITIVE NEUROPSYCH, V10, P113, DOI 10.1080/02643299308253458 SALMON DP, 1992, MEMORY FUNCTIONING D, P99 SEIDENBERG MS, 1984, MEM COGNITION, V12, P315, DOI 10.3758/BF03198291 Shenaut GK, 1996, PSYCHOL AGING, V11, P443, DOI 10.1037/0882-7974.11.3.443 Silveri MC, 1996, J CLIN EXP NEUROPSYC, V18, P371, DOI 10.1080/01688639608408994 SPICER KB, 1994, J CLIN EXP NEUROPSYC, V16, P457, DOI 10.1080/01688639408402656 Tabachnick B.G., 1996, USING MULTIVARIATE S, V2nd NR 46 TC 5 Z9 5 PU PSYCHOLOGY PRESS PI HOVE PA 27 CHURCH RD, HOVE BN3 2FA, EAST SUSSEX, ENGLAND SN 0268-7038 J9 APHASIOLOGY JI Aphasiology PD SEP PY 2000 VL 14 IS 9 BP 949 EP 965 PG 17 WC Clinical Neurology SC Neurosciences & Neurology GA 351ZJ UT WOS:000089189800006 ER PT J AU Bartha, L Knosp, E Pfisterer, W Benke, T AF Bartha, L Knosp, E Pfisterer, W Benke, T TI Intra- and perioperative monitoring of language functions in patients with tumours in the left perisylvian area SO APHASIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID INTRAOPERATIVE STIMULATION; PREOPERATIVE ACTIVATION; GLIOMA; APHASIA; LESIONS; SURGERY; SITES AB Resections of brain tumours in the left perisylvian area (LPA) carry a risk of language impairment. Thus, intraoperative language monitoring devices are used to explore the functional anatomy of the LPA and to detect beginning aphasia. Following recent approaches (Reulen et al. 1997, Herholz et al. 1997), the present study explored a combined monitoring procedure in 5 right-handed patients who were operated on brain tumours in and adjacent to the LPA. In addition, language and verbal memory was assessed pre- and postoperatively. Preoperatively, no patient was aphasic; however, most subjects showed minor impairments of language and memory. During the operation, which was performed in the wakeful patient, language functions were repeatedly tested using both, a clinical monitoring and an extended electrocortical mapping procedure. The extent of tumour resection (total or subtotal) was adapted to the patient's intraoperative language status. Following these safety procedures, the outcome of surgery was generally favourable. Only one patient suffered an aphasia intraoperatively from which she recovered completely; in the other subjects sporadical and minor impairments of language were observed which largely recovered over a period of several weeks. In subjects who had a preoperative deficit of immediate and long-term prose memory, an improvement of memory was evident on postoperative follow-up testing. Language functions can be effectively monitored using clinical tasks and electrocortical mapping during the removal of rumours in the LPA. C1 Univ Innsbruck, Neurol Klin, A-6020 Innsbruck, Austria. SMZO, Dept Neurosurg, Vienna, Austria. RP Benke, T (reprint author), Univ Innsbruck, Neurol Klin, Anichstr 35, A-6020 Innsbruck, Austria. EM thomas.benke@uibk.ac.at RI Bartha-Doering, Lisa/I-3150-2013 CR ALEXANDER MP, 1987, BRAIN, V110, P961, DOI 10.1093/brain/110.4.961 ANDERSON SW, 1990, ARCH NEUROL-CHICAGO, V47, P397 ARCHIBALD YM, 1994, J NEUROSURG, V80, P247, DOI 10.3171/jns.1994.80.2.0247 Bakay RAE, 1997, NEUROSURGERY, V41, P1260 BURNSTINE TH, 1990, NEUROLOGY, V40, P966 CABANTOG AM, 1994, CAN J NEUROL SCI, V21, P213 Cabeza R, 1997, J COGNITIVE NEUROSCI, V9, P1, DOI 10.1162/jocn.1997.9.1.1 CROSSON B, 1985, BRAIN LANG, V25, P257, DOI 10.1016/0093-934X(85)90085-9 DAMASIO AR, 1992, NEW ENGL J MED, V326, P531, DOI 10.1056/NEJM199202203260806 Damasio H., 1989, LESION ANAL NEUROPSY FADUL C, 1988, NEUROLOGY, V38, P1374 HAGLUND MM, 1994, NEUROSURGERY, V34, P567 Herholz K, 1997, NEUROSURGERY, V41, P1253, DOI 10.1097/00006123-199712000-00004 Huber W., 1983, AACHENER APHASIE TES Kaplan E, 1983, BOSTON NAMING TEST KARTUSH JM, 1992, NEUROMONITORING OTOL Reulen HJ, 1997, NERVENARZT, V68, P813, DOI 10.1007/s001150050199 Schaffler L, 1996, EPILEPSIA, V37, P463, DOI 10.1111/j.1528-1157.1996.tb00593.x Scheibel RS, 1996, J NEURO-ONCOL, V30, P61 Skirboll SS, 1996, NEUROSURGERY, V38, P678 STEINMETZ H, 1991, NEUROPSYCHOLOGIA, V29, P1149, DOI 10.1016/0028-3932(91)90030-C WALLESCH CW, 1985, BRAIN LANG, V25, P357, DOI 10.1016/0093-934X(85)90090-2 NR 22 TC 2 Z9 2 PU PSYCHOLOGY PRESS PI HOVE PA 27 CHURCH RD, HOVE BN3 2FA, EAST SUSSEX, ENGLAND SN 0268-7038 J9 APHASIOLOGY JI Aphasiology PD AUG PY 2000 VL 14 IS 8 BP 779 EP 793 PG 15 WC Clinical Neurology SC Neurosciences & Neurology GA 344MK UT WOS:000088762900001 ER PT J AU McCall, D Shelton, JR Weinrich, M Cox, D AF McCall, D Shelton, JR Weinrich, M Cox, D TI The utility of computerized visual communication for improving natural language in chronic global aphasia: Implications for approaches to treatment in global aphasia SO APHASIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID SENTENCE PROCESSING DEFICITS; REHABILITATION; THERAPY; RECOVERY; SKILLS; SYNTAX; SYSTEM AB A computerized communication system (C-VIC) was employed as a diagnostic and therapeutic tool to identify propositional language abilities in a chronic, globally aphasic patient. The patient demonstrated the ability to construct sentences during training according to abstract syntax-like rules by manipulating iconic symbols representing nouns and verbs. Further, he produced correct symbolic order to express the thematic relationships in sentences. The effect of C-VIC as a therapeutic intervention to improve the patient's natural language abilities was examined using pre- and post-training assessments. Improvements specific to training were observed but neither improvements in natural language nor generalization to production of multiple sentences using C-VIC was found. The results are discussed with regard to current debates concerning treatment approaches and the use of augmentative communication devices for globally aphasic patients. C1 Univ Maryland, Dept Neurol & Rehabil, Baltimore, MD 21201 USA. RP McCall, D (reprint author), Kernan Hosp, 2200 N Forest Pk Ave, Baltimore, MD 21207 USA. CR Aftonomos LB, 1997, ARCH PHYS MED REHAB, V78, P841, DOI 10.1016/S0003-9993(97)90197-0 BAKER B, 1982, BYTE, P186 BAKER B, 1986, BYTE, P160 BAKER EH, 1975, NATURE, V254, P609 BASSO A, 1979, ARCH NEUROL-CHICAGO, V36, P190 Beck A. R., 1998, AUGMENTATIVE ALTERNA, V14, P184, DOI 10.1080/07434619812331278356 BERNDT RS, 1991, ACQUIRED APHASIA Beukelman D., 1988, AUGMENTATIVE ALTERNA, V4, P104, DOI 10.1080/07434618812331274687 Beukelman D., 1985, COMMUNICATION AUGMEN BOCK JK, 1982, PSYCHOL REV, V89, P1, DOI 10.1037/0033-295X.89.1.1 BRUCE C, 1987, BRIT J DISORD COMMUN, V22, P191 BYNG S, 1988, COGNITIVE NEUROPSYCH, V5, P629, DOI 10.1080/02643298808253277 CARLOMAGNO S, 1988, APHASIA TODAY CARLOMAGNO S, 1991, APHASIOLOGY, V5, P419, DOI 10.1080/02687039108248544 COCHRANE RM, 1984, NEUROLOGICAL COMMUNI, V1, P4 Conlon C., 1991, CLIN APHASIOLOGY, V19, P185 Crerar MA, 1996, BRAIN LANG, V52, P229, DOI 10.1006/brln.1996.0010 Davis G, 1985, ADULT APHASIA REHABI Denes G, 1996, APHASIOLOGY, V10, P385, DOI 10.1080/02687039608248418 EDELMAN G, 1987, APHASIOLOGY, V1, P75, DOI 10.1080/02687038708248813 Francis WN, 1982, FREQUENCY ANAL ENGLI FUNNELL E, 1989, APHASIOLOGY, V3, P279, DOI 10.1080/02687038908248995 GARDNER H, 1976, NEUROPSYCHOLOGIA, V14, P275, DOI 10.1016/0028-3932(76)90023-3 Garrett M., 1980, LANGUAGE PRODUCTION, V1, P177 GOODENOUGHTREPAGNIER C, 1995, APHASIOLOGY, V9, P321, DOI 10.1080/02687039508248208 GOODENOUGHTREPA.CX, 1990, P 1990 C IEEE ENG ME, V12, P1313 Goodglass H., 1983, BOSTON DIAGNOSTIC AP, V2nd JONES EV, 1986, BRIT J DISORD COMMUN, V21, P63 KAGAN A, 1998, APHASIOLOGY, V12, P831 Katz RC, 1997, J SPEECH LANG HEAR R, V40, P493 KEENAN JS, 1974, J SPEECH HEAR DISORD, V39, P257 KRAAT AW, 1990, APHASIOLOGY, V4, P321, DOI 10.1080/02687039008249086 KREMIN H, 1989, J CLIN EXPT NEUROPSY, V11, P132 LOVERSO FI, 1994, CLIN APHASIOLOGY P MARSHALL J, 1993, APHASIOLOGY, V7, P177, DOI 10.1080/02687039308249505 Marshall R. C., 1987, APHASIOLOGY, V1, P59, DOI 10.1080/02687038708248812 Marshall R. C., 1997, AM J SPEECH-LANG PAT, V6, P5 MARSHALL RC, 1982, FOLIA PHONIATR, V35, P305 MARSHALL RC, 1994, AM SPEECH LANG HEAR MCCALL D, 1994, J MED SPEECH-LANG PA, V2, P303 MITCHUM CC, 1994, TOPICS STROKE REHABI, V1, P14 MITCHUM CC, 1993, APHASIOLOGY, V7, P71, DOI 10.1080/02687039308249500 PARSONS CL, 1987, APHASIOLOGY, V1, P81, DOI 10.1080/02687038708248814 PEACH RK, 1994, LANGUAGE INTERVENTIO, P429 ROBERTSON I, 1990, APHASIOLOGY, V4, P381, DOI 10.1080/02687039008249090 SARNO MT, 1969, MONOGRAPH NEW YORK U, V42 SARNO MT, 1981, BRAIN LANG, V13, P1, DOI 10.1016/0093-934X(81)90124-3 Schuell H, 1964, APHASIA ADULTS Shelton JR, 1996, APHASIOLOGY, V10, P319, DOI 10.1080/02687039608248415 SHELTON JR, 1998, UNPUB SENTENCE PRODU STEELE RD, 1992, APHASIOLOGY, V6, P185, DOI 10.1080/02687039208248590 STEELE RD, 1989, NEUROPSYCHOLOGIA, V27, P409, DOI 10.1016/0028-3932(89)90048-1 TAYLOR M L, 1965, Arch Phys Med Rehabil, V46, P101 THOMPSON CK, 1992, APHASIA THERAPY CURR, P117 WEINRICH M, 1991, J NEUROLINGUIST, V6, P158 WEINRICH M, 1993, BRAIN LANG, V45, P21, DOI 10.1006/brln.1993.1031 WEINRICH M, 1989, APHASIOLOGY, V3, P501, DOI 10.1080/02687038908249018 WEINRICH M, 1995, APHASIOLOGY, V9, P343, DOI 10.1080/02687039508248209 Weinrich M, 1997, BRAIN LANG, V58, P327, DOI 10.1006/brln.1997.1759 WEINRICH M, 1995, BRAIN LANG, V48, P1 WEINRICH M, 1989, BRAIN LANG, V36, P391, DOI 10.1016/0093-934X(89)90075-8 WEINRICH M, 1989, AC APH ANN M BALT MD Wertz R. T., 1987, APHASIOLOGY, V1, P87, DOI 10.1080/02687038708248815 NR 63 TC 12 Z9 12 PU PSYCHOLOGY PRESS PI HOVE PA 27 CHURCH RD, HOVE BN3 2FA, EAST SUSSEX, ENGLAND SN 0268-7038 J9 APHASIOLOGY JI Aphasiology PD AUG PY 2000 VL 14 IS 8 BP 795 EP 826 PG 32 WC Clinical Neurology SC Neurosciences & Neurology GA 344MK UT WOS:000088762900002 ER PT J AU Jensen, LR AF Jensen, LR TI Canonical structure without access to verbs? SO APHASIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID SENTENCE PROCESSING DEFICITS; WORD ORDER; THERAPY; RETRIEVAL; APHASIA; AGRAMMATISM; NOUNS; ORGANIZATION; IMPAIRMENT AB Agrammatic sentence production in aphasia has been connected to disturbances of verbs and the role played by verbs in determining the structural expression of thematic roles assumed by other words in the sentence. Apparently contradictory data are presented from an aphasic patient, who had difficulties in retrieving verbs in spite of a relatively well preserved use of canonical structure in written sentence production, where he frequently left a blank or dash between agent and theme to signal that a word was missing. A therapy study is reported where the focus was on differentiating verb meanings and integrating verbs in sentence production. After therapy the patient showed significant improvement in verb production, but only for trained items. He also showed a significant increase in use of canonical sentence structure on trials with trained, but not untrained verbs. It is suggested that the patient was relying on a general schema for canonical sentence structure which may interact with verb-specific knowledge in normal processing. C1 Univ Copenhagen, Dept Gen & Appl Linguist, DK-2300 Copenhagen, Denmark. RP Jensen, LR (reprint author), Univ Copenhagen, Dept Gen & Appl Linguist, Njalsgade 80, DK-2300 Copenhagen, Denmark. CR BATES E, 1991, BRAIN LANG, V41, P203, DOI 10.1016/0093-934X(91)90153-R BATES EA, 1988, BRAIN LANG, V33, P323, DOI 10.1016/0093-934X(88)90072-7 Berndt RS, 1997, CORTEX, V33, P99 Berndt RS, 1997, BRAIN LANG, V56, P107 Bock J. K., 1987, PROGR PSYCHOL LANGUA, V3, P337 Bock Kathryn, 1994, HDB PSYCHOLINGUISTIC, P945 BRAINE MDS, 1995, BEYOND NAMES THINGS, P353 BYNG S, 1988, COGNITIVE NEUROPSYCH, V5, P629, DOI 10.1080/02643298808253277 BYNG S, 1994, APHASIOLOGY, V8, P315, DOI 10.1080/02687039408248663 CARAMAZZA A, 1991, NATURE, V349, P788, DOI 10.1038/349788a0 Garrett M., 1980, LANGUAGE PRODUCTION, V1, P177 Goldberg AE, 1998, NEW PSYCHOLOGY OF LANGUAGE, P203 Goodglass H, 1983, ASSESSMENT APHASIA R, V2nd Goodglass H., 1993, UNDERSTANDING APHASI HOWARD D, 1985, BRAIN, V108, P817 HUTTENLOCHER J, 1979, J VERB LEARN VERB BE, V18, P141, DOI 10.1016/S0022-5371(79)90091-4 Kaplan E, 1983, BOSTON NAMING TEST Kay J., 1992, PSYCHOLINGUISTIC ASS LEVELT JM, 1989, SPEAKING INTENTION A MARSHALL J, 1993, APHASIOLOGY, V7, P177, DOI 10.1080/02687039308249505 Marshall J, 1997, APHASIOLOGY, V11, P855, DOI 10.1080/02687039708250461 Marshall J, 1998, BRAIN LANG, V63, P159, DOI 10.1006/brln.1998.1949 MARSHALL J, 1995, APHASIOLOGY, V9, P517, DOI 10.1080/02687039508248712 MCCARTHY R, 1985, NEUROPSYCHOLOGIA, V23, P709, DOI 10.1016/0028-3932(85)90079-X MICELI G, 1984, CORTEX, V20, P207 Mitchum C., 1994, COGNITIVE NEUROPSYCH, P317 MITCHUM CC, 1993, APHASIOLOGY, V7, P71, DOI 10.1080/02687039308249500 NICKELS L, 1991, BRIT J DISORD COMMUN, V26, P175 Oswald W. D., 1997, Z DIFFERENTIELLE DIA, V18, P87 SAFFRAN EM, 1980, BRAIN LANG, V10, P263, DOI 10.1016/0093-934X(80)90056-5 Schwartz M. F., 1987, LANG COGNITIVE PROC, V2, P85, DOI 10.1080/01690968708406352 SCHWARTZ MF, 1994, APHASIOLOGY, V8, P19, DOI 10.1080/02687039408248639 Siegel S., 1988, NONPARAMETRIC STAT B Stark J., 1992, EVERYDAY LIFE ACTIVI Stark J., 1995, EVERYDAY LIFE ACTIVI TOMASELLO M, 1998, NEW PSYCHOLOGY LANGU, P7 Tomasello M., 1992, 1 VERBS CASE STUDY E WECHSLER D, 1981, W AIS R MANUAL ZINGESER LB, 1990, BRAIN LANG, V39, P14, DOI 10.1016/0093-934X(90)90002-X NR 39 TC 12 Z9 12 PU PSYCHOLOGY PRESS PI HOVE PA 27 CHURCH RD, HOVE BN3 2FA, EAST SUSSEX, ENGLAND SN 0268-7038 J9 APHASIOLOGY JI Aphasiology PD AUG PY 2000 VL 14 IS 8 BP 827 EP 850 DI 10.1080/026870300412223 PG 24 WC Clinical Neurology SC Neurosciences & Neurology GA 344MK UT WOS:000088762900003 ER PT J AU Wambaugh, JL Martinez, AL AF Wambaugh, JL Martinez, AL TI Effects of rate and rhythm control treatment on consonant production accuracy in apraxia of speech SO APHASIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID MELODIC INTONATION THERAPY; TIME PERCEPTION; MECHANISMS; APHASIA AB A speaker with apraxia of speech and aphasia was trained to produce multisyllabic words using a combination of metronomic rate control and hand-tapping. A multiple baseline design was used to examine the effects of treatment on sound production. Treatment was applied to three syllable words with primary stress on the first syllable while generalization was measured to: (1) untrained exemplars; (2) three syllable words with different stress patterns; (3) four syllable words; and (4) s-blend words. Positive sound changes were noted for trained and untrained words. Treatment was extended to a second set of words to which generalization had been incomplete and additional improvement was observed. C1 Univ Utah, Dept CMDIS, Salt Lake City, UT 84112 USA. VAMC, Salt Lake City, UT USA. RP Wambaugh, JL (reprint author), Univ Utah, Dept CMDIS, 1201 Behav Sci Bldg,1530 E 390 S, Salt Lake City, UT 84112 USA. CR ALBERT ML, 1973, ARCH NEUROL-CHICAGO, V29, P130 Dabul B. L., 1979, APRAXIA BATTERY ADUL Duffy J.R, 1995, MOTOR SPEECH DISORDE DWORKIN JP, 1988, J SPEECH HEAR DISORD, V53, P280 DWORKIN JP, 1996, J MED SPEECH-LANG PA, V4, P105 FROMM D, 1982, CLIN APHASIOLOGY, V10, P155 German DJ, 1990, TEST ADOLESCENT ADUL Graco V.L., 1990, CEREBRAL CONTROL SPE, P3 Hardcastle W. J., 1987, PHONETIC APPROACHES, P113 HELM NA, 1979, J SPEECH HEAR DISORD, V44, P350 ITOH M, 1980, BRAIN LANG, V11, P66, DOI 10.1016/0093-934X(80)90110-8 *KAY EL CORP, 1994, COMP SPEECH LAB KEELE SW, 1985, ACTA PSYCHOL, V60, P173, DOI 10.1016/0001-6918(85)90054-X KENT RD, 1983, J SPEECH HEAR RES, V26, P231 Kertesz A., 1982, W APHASIA BATTERY McNeil MR, 1997, CLIN MANAGEMENT SENS, P311 NAESER MA, 1985, CORTEX, V21, P203 Porch B. E., 1967, PORCH INDEX COMMUNIC Porch B. E., 1981, PORCH INDEX COMMUNIC ROGERS MA, 1999, APHASIOLOGY RUBOW RT, 1982, ARCH PHYS MED REHAB, V63, P150 Rybak IA, 1997, J NEUROPHYSIOL, V77, P2007 SAFFRAN EM, 1989, BRAIN LANG, V37, P440, DOI 10.1016/0093-934X(89)90030-8 SHANE HC, 1978, CORTEX, V14, P444 Simmons N. N., 1978, CLIN APHASIOLOGY C P, P174 SMITH A, 1990, J NEUROPHYSIOL, V63, P645 Southwood H, 1987, CLIN APHASIOLOGY C P, P277 Sparks R. W., 1994, LANGUAGE INTERVENTIO, P368 Square P. A., 1997, APRAXIA NEUROPSYCHOL, P173 SQUARE PA, 1994, LANGUAGE INTERVENTIO, P467 TREISMAN M, 1992, Q J EXP PSYCHOL-A, V45, P235 TREISMAN M, 1994, Q J EXP PSYCHOL-A, V47, P241 WAMBAUGH JL, 1994, CLIN APHASIOL, V22, P231 Wertz RT, 1984, APRAXIA SPEECH ADULT Yorkston K. M., 1981, ASSESSMENT INTELLIGI NR 35 TC 17 Z9 17 PU PSYCHOLOGY PRESS PI HOVE PA 27 CHURCH RD, HOVE BN3 2FA, EAST SUSSEX, ENGLAND SN 0268-7038 J9 APHASIOLOGY JI Aphasiology PD AUG PY 2000 VL 14 IS 8 BP 851 EP 871 PG 21 WC Clinical Neurology SC Neurosciences & Neurology GA 344MK UT WOS:000088762900004 ER PT J AU Miller, N Willmes, K De Bleser, R AF Miller, N Willmes, K De Bleser, R TI The psychometric properties of the English language version of the Aachen Aphasia Test (EAAT) SO APHASIOLOGY LA English DT Article AB This article reports results of a standardization study of the English language version of the Aachen aphasia test (EAAT). The EAAT was administered to 135 speakers with and 93 without aphasia. Aphasic speakers were divided into four groups (n = 30) representing EAAT standard syndrome groups (global, amnestic, Broca's and Wernicke's aphasia), and 15 speakers who could not be classified into the standard groups. Without aphasia were 24 nonhospitalized and 41 hospitalized speakers with no history of neurological illness or speech-language disorder and 28 speakers with a history of neurological illness, but no aphasia. Hierarchical cluster analysis (complete linkage) demonstrated the validity of the linguistically motivated construction of the EATT. This was further confirmed for the main subtests through nonmetric multidimensional scaling (smallest space analysis). The property of increasing complexity across subparts of subtests was also confirmed. Nonparametric discriminant analyses showed the high differential validity of the EAAT for distinguishing between aphasia-no aphasia and acceptably high validity for separating out subgroups of speakers. Consistency coefficients (Cronbach's alpha) illustrate the high to very high internal consistency of the subtests. We argue for the applicability to the EAAT of the original German reliability studies which showed retest and inter- and intra-rater reliability to be high. We conclude that the EAAT amply meets criterion levels for a psychometrically robust test. C1 Univ Newcastle Upon Tyne, Dept Speech, Newcastle Upon Tyne NE1 7RU, Tyne & Wear, England. Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Dept Neurol Neuropsychol, D-5100 Aachen, Germany. Univ Potsdam, Dept Patholinguist, Potsdam, Germany. RP Miller, N (reprint author), Univ Newcastle Upon Tyne, Dept Speech, Newcastle Upon Tyne NE1 7RU, Tyne & Wear, England. CR *AERA APA NCME, 1985, STAND ED PSYCH TEST Borg I, 1987, MULTIDIMENSIONAL SIM CRARY MA, 1992, APHASIOLOGY, V6, P29, DOI 10.1080/02687039208248575 Davis A, 1993, SURVEY ADULT APHASIA DEJONGE I, 1996, STEM SPRAAK TAALPATH, V5, P89 DERENZI E, 1962, BRAIN, V85, P665, DOI 10.1093/brain/85.4.665 Edgington E. S., 1995, RANDOMIZATION TESTS Goodglass H., 1972, BOSTON DIAGNOSTIC AP Graetz P, 1991, LOGOPEDIE FONIATRIE, V63, P58 GRAETZ P, 1992, AKENSE AFASIE TEST N HABBEMA J, 1974, COMPSTAT 14974 HEMRANS J, 1982, MANUAL ALLOC80 DISCR HITTMAIRDELAZER M, 1994, J NEUROLINGUIST, V8, P27 Huber W, 1984, Adv Neurol, V42, P291 Huber W, 1997, ARCH PHYS MED REHAB, V78, P245, DOI 10.1016/S0003-9993(97)90028-9 Huber W., 1983, AACHENER APHASIE TES KRIPPEND.K, 1970, EDUC PSYCHOL MEAS, V30, P61, DOI 10.1177/001316447003000105 LINCOLN N, 1988, APHASIOLOGY, V2, P501, DOI 10.1080/02687038808248956 LINEBAUGH C, 1979, CLIN APHASIOLOGY Lingoes J.C., 1973, GUTTMAN LINGOES NONM Luzzatti C., 1991, AACHENER APHASIE TES MARTIN AD, 1977, J SPEECH HEAR DISORD, V42, P547 NICHOLAS LE, 1986, J SPEECH HEAR DISORD, V51, P82 Orgass B., 1986, TOKEN TEST PETRONDAS DA, 1983, J AM STAT ASSOC, V78, P949, DOI 10.2307/2288209 POECK K, 1983, BRAIN LANG, V20, P79, DOI 10.1016/0093-934X(83)90034-2 POECK K, 1975, AKTUELLE NEUROLOGIE, V2, P159 POECK K, 1989, J SPEECH HEAR DISORD, V54, P471 Pracharitpukdee Nantana, 1998, Journal of the Medical Association of Thailand, V81, P402 PRACHRITPUKDEE N, J MED ASS THAILAND Shye S., 1985, MULTIPLE SCALING SKENES LL, 1985, J COMMUN DISORD, V18, P461, DOI 10.1016/0021-9924(85)90033-4 SPREEN O, 1998, ACQUIRED APHASIA STEIGER O, 1978, THEORY CONSTRUCTION WENIGER D, 1981, NERVENARZT, V52, P209 Westfall P. H., 1993, RESAMPLING BASED MUL WILLMES K, 1985, J CLIN EXP NEUROPSYC, V7, P331, DOI 10.1080/01688638508401268 WILLMES K, 1987, THESIS U TRIER GERMA WILLMES K, 1993, LINGUISTIC DISORDERS NR 39 TC 29 Z9 30 PU PSYCHOLOGY PRESS PI HOVE PA 27 CHURCH RD, HOVE BN3 2FA, EAST SUSSEX, ENGLAND SN 0268-7038 J9 APHASIOLOGY JI Aphasiology PD JUL PY 2000 VL 14 IS 7 BP 683 EP 722 PG 40 WC Clinical Neurology SC Neurosciences & Neurology GA 340AQ UT WOS:000088511300001 ER PT J AU Arkin, SM Rose, C Hopper, T AF Arkin, SM Rose, C Hopper, T TI Implicit and explicit learning gains in Alzheimer's patients: Effects of naming and information retrieval training SO APHASIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID SEMANTIC MEMORY; DISEASE; DISSOCIATION; DEMENTIA AB The purpose of this study was to examine the effects of repeated exposure to words from a target category on implicit and explicit learning of seven mild to moderate Alzheimer's patients. Following 18-20 baseline fluency tests on the target category, subjects participated in eight sessions of a picture naming exercise and related quiz (study task) which exposed them to 33 words from the target category (exposure words). One hour after each study task session, the fluency test used at baseline was administered again (experimental fluency test). All subjects increased correct responses on the study task, demonstrating significant explicit learning. Six subjects produced exposure words on the experimental fluency tests that they had never named during the multiple baseline tests and all subjects unexpectedly named novel words (not exposure words and not produced at baseline) on the experimental fluency tests. Taken together, these results provide evidence of implicit and explicit learning and semantic activation. Implications for management and direction for future research are discussed. C1 Univ Arizona, Dept Speech & Hearing Sci, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA. Univ Arizona, Dept Physiol Sci, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA. Univ Arizona, Natl Ctr Neurogen Commun Disorders, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA. RP Arkin, SM (reprint author), Univ Arizona, Dept Speech & Hearing Sci, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA. CR ARKIN S, 1999, INT NEUR SOC C JUN 2 ARKIN S, 1997, AM J ALZHEIMERS DIS, V12, P147, DOI 10.1177/153331759701200402 ARKIN S, IN PRESS AM J ALZHEI, V15 ARKIN S, 1994, 3 INT PRACT ASP MEM Arkin Sharon M., 1992, Clinical Gerontologist, V12, P77 Arkin S. M., 1998, AM J ALZHEIMERS DIS, V13, P102, DOI 10.1177/153331759801300209 Arkin SM, 1999, GERONTOLOGIST, V39, P729 Arkin SM, 1996, AM J ALZHEIMERS DIS, V11, P12, DOI 10.1177/153331759601100103 BOURGEOIS MS, 1992, J SPEECH HEAR RES, V35, P1344 BUB D, 1993, 31 ANN M AC APH OCT BUTTERS N, 1987, J CLIN EXP NEUROPSYC, V9, P479, DOI 10.1080/01688638708410764 Camphuysen C.J., 1995, Sula, V9, P1 COLLINS AM, 1975, PSYCHOL REV, V82, P407, DOI 10.1037//0033-295X.82.6.407 CUTCHER K, 1996, THESISI U ARIZONA FOLSTEIN MF, 1975, J PSYCHIAT RES, V12, P189, DOI 10.1016/0022-3956(75)90026-6 Gonnerman LM, 1997, BRAIN LANG, V57, P254, DOI 10.1006/brln.1997.1752 HUFF FJ, 1986, BRAIN LANG, V28, P235, DOI 10.1016/0093-934X(86)90103-3 Becker S, 1997, J EXP PSYCHOL LEARN, V23, P1059, DOI 10.1037/0278-7393.23.5.1059 KERR JYK, 1988, PHOTO CUE CARDS KERR JYK, 1994, MORE PHOTO CUE CARDS LEZAK MD, 1995, NEUROPSYCHOLOGICAL A MCKHANN G, 1984, NEUROLOGY, V34, P939 MOLLOY DW, 1995, DEMENTIA COMMUNICATI Morris J. C., 1989, NEUROLOGY, V39, P159 MORRIS JC, 1993, NEUROLOGY, V43, P2457 MORRIS JC, MEMORY DIAGNOSTIC CT Nebes R D, 1986, Psychol Aging, V1, P261, DOI 10.1037//0882-7974.1.3.261 NEBES RD, 1984, J ABNORM PSYCHOL, V93, P321, DOI 10.1037/0021-843X.93.3.321 Roediger III H.L., 1993, HDB NEUROPSYCHOLOGY, V8, P63 ROSENBERRY T L, 1980, Neurochemistry International, V2, P135, DOI 10.1016/0197-0186(80)90020-0 Rybash JM, 1996, DEV NEUROPSYCHOL, V12, P127 SALMON DP, 1988, J CLIN EXP NEUROPSYC, V10, P477, DOI 10.1080/01688638808408254 SALMON DP, 1995, DEMENTIA COMMUNICATI SCHACTER DL, 1987, J EXP PSYCHOL LEARN, V13, P501, DOI 10.1037//0278-7393.13.3.501 SCHACTER DL, 1992, AM PSYCHOL, V47, P559, DOI 10.1037//0003-066X.47.4.559 SILVERI MC, 1991, NEUROLOGY, V41, P545 Spreen O., 1991, COMPENDIUM NEUROPSYC WARRINGTON EK, 1984, BRAIN, V107, P829, DOI 10.1093/brain/107.3.829 NR 38 TC 13 Z9 14 PU PSYCHOLOGY PRESS PI HOVE PA 27 CHURCH RD, HOVE BN3 2FA, EAST SUSSEX, ENGLAND SN 0268-7038 J9 APHASIOLOGY JI Aphasiology PD JUL PY 2000 VL 14 IS 7 BP 723 EP 742 PG 20 WC Clinical Neurology SC Neurosciences & Neurology GA 340AQ UT WOS:000088511300002 ER PT J AU Ardila, A Concha, M Rosselli, M AF Ardila, A Concha, M Rosselli, M TI Angular gyrus syndrome revisited: Acalculia, finger agnosia, right-left disorientation and semantic aphasia SO APHASIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID GERSTMANN-SYNDROME AB Angular gyrus (Gerstmann) syndrome is classically described as linger agnosia, right-left disorientation, agraphia and acalculia in association to lesions in the left angular gyrus. Aphasia is not typically described as part of this syndrome. Here we report a 58 year old right-handed male, with an ischemic lesion to the left angular gyrus, who developed sudden loss of speech expression and comprehension, and slowly recovered over the following few weeks. After several months he showed significant improvement on his language skills with only mild word-finding difficulties, but with substantial difficulties in understanding logic-grammatical relationships, comparison adverbs (e.g. bigger-smaller, younger-older etc., place adverbs (e.g. over-below, on-beneath etc, and time adverbs (e.g. before-after). These language deficits are compatible with a semantic aphasia. Writing difficulties are minimal. In addition, he has important impairments in finger agnosia, right-left discrimination, and in understanding numbers, using numerical concepts, and performing arithmetical operations. We propose that left angular gyrus syndrome should be restated to include acalculia, finger agnosia, right left disorientation and semantic aphasia. A single underlying deficit can account for the simultaneous presentation of these lour clinical signs. C1 Inst Colombiano Neuropsicol, Bogota, Colombia. Univ Miami, Dept Neurol, Miami, FL 33152 USA. Florida Atlantic Univ, Davie, FL USA. RP Ardila, A (reprint author), 12230 NW 8 St, Miami, FL 33182 USA. CR ARDILA A, 1990, BEHAVIORAL NEUROLOGY, V3, P39 Ardila A., 1994, NEUROPSYCHOLOGICAL E Ardila A., 1989, BRAIN ORG LANGUAGE C, P177 ARDILA A, 1993, BEHAV NEUROL, V6, P89, DOI 10.3233/BEN-1993-6204 Benson D. F., 1985, HDB CLIN NEUROLOGY, V45, P457 Benson D F, 1972, Cortex, V8, P465 Benson D. F., 1996, APHASIA CLIN PERSPEC Benson DF, 1979, APHASIA ALEXIA AGRAP BENTON AL, 1992, ARCH NEUROL-CHICAGO, V49, P445 BENTON AL, 1977, BRAIN LANG, V4, P45, DOI 10.1016/0093-934X(77)90005-0 Berger H., 1926, ARCH PSYCHIAT NERVEN, V78, P236 BOLES DB, 1991, NEUROPSYCHOLOGIA, V29, P59, DOI 10.1016/0028-3932(91)90094-O Botez M., 1985, HDB CLIN NEUROLOGY C, P63 Brown J. W., 1972, APHASIA APRAXIA AGNO Cauty A., 1984, AMERINDIA, V9, P111 Conrad K., 1932, MONTSCHRIFT PSYCHIAT, V34, P11 CRITCHLEY M, 1953, PARTIAL LOBE DAHMEN W, 1982, NEUROPSYCHOLOGIA, V20, P145, DOI 10.1016/0028-3932(82)90004-5 De Renzi E, 1982, DISORDERS SPACE EXPL DERENZI E, 1970, ARCH NEUROL-CHICAGO, V23, P221 DEHAENE S, 1991, NEUROPSYCHOLOGIA, V29, P1045, DOI 10.1016/0028-3932(91)90076-K Dehaene S., 1997, NUMBER SENSE Frederiks J. A. M., 1985, HDB CLIN NEUROLOGY, V45, P373 Garcia-Albea JE, 1986, EVALUACION AFASIA TR, P129 Gerstmann J, 1940, ARCH NEURO PSYCHIATR, V44, P398 GOLD M, 1995, CORTEX, V31, P267 GOLDSTEIN K, 1948, LANGUAGE LANGUAGE DI Grafman J., 1988, HDB NEUROPSYCHOLOGY, V1, P415 Harvey S. L., 1993, CLIN NEUROPSYCHOLOGY, P91 Head H., 1926, APHASIA KINDRED DISO HECAEN H., 1961, REV NEUROL [PARIS], V105, P85 Hecaen H., 1978, HUMAN NEUROPSYCHOLOG Henschen SE, 1925, ARCH NEURO PSYCHIATR, V13, P226 HIER DB, 1980, BRAIN LANG, V10, P120, DOI 10.1016/0093-934X(80)90043-7 Hitch G., 1987, COGNITIVE PROCESS, P26 HITTMAIRDELAZER M, 1994, BRAIN, V117, P715, DOI 10.1093/brain/117.4.715 Kertesz A., 1979, APHASIA ASS DISORDER LeDoux J. E., 1984, RIGHT HEMISPHERE NEU, P51 LEDOUX JE, 1982, BRAIN BEHAV EVOLUT, V20, P197 Levy-Bruhl L., 1910, FUNCIONES MENTALES S LEZAK MD, 1995, NEUROPSYCHOLOGICAL A LRING DW, 1999, INS DICT NEUROPSYCHO Luria A. R., 1966, HIGHER CORTICAL FUNC Luria A. R., 1973, THE WORKING BRAIN Luria A. R., 1976, BASIC PROBLEMS NEURO LYNCH JC, 1980, BEHAV BRAIN SCI, V3, P485 MAZZONI M, 1990, CORTEX, V26, P459 MORRIS HH, 1984, NEUROLOGY, V34, P877 Poeck K., 1966, CORTEX, V2, P421 Ratcliff G., 1979, NEUROPSYCHOLOGIA, V13, P191 Rey A, 1941, ARCH PSYCHOLOGIE, V28, P286 REY GJ, 1991, EXAMEN AFASIA MULTIL ROELTGEN DP, 1983, ARCH NEUROL-CHICAGO, V40, P46 ROSSELLI M, 1998, NEUROBASE ROSSELLI M, 1989, NEUROPSYCHOLOGIA, V27, P607, DOI 10.1016/0028-3932(89)90107-3 Rosselli M., 1997, NEUROPSYCHOL REHABIL, P353 Schilder P, 1931, ARCH NEURO PSYCHIATR, V25, P598 Strub R, 1983, LOCALIZATION NEUROPS, P295 Tucha O, 1997, J NEUROL NEUROSUR PS, V63, P399, DOI 10.1136/jnnp.63.3.399 Varney N. R., 1984, CORTEX, V10, P378 WECHSLER D, 1974, W AIS R MANUAL Zucker K., 1934, BRAIN, V57, P60 NR 62 TC 21 Z9 21 PU PSYCHOLOGY PRESS PI HOVE PA 27 CHURCH RD, HOVE BN3 2FA, EAST SUSSEX, ENGLAND SN 0268-7038 J9 APHASIOLOGY JI Aphasiology PD JUL PY 2000 VL 14 IS 7 BP 743 EP 754 PG 12 WC Clinical Neurology SC Neurosciences & Neurology GA 340AQ UT WOS:000088511300003 ER PT J AU Bruce, C Howard, D Gatehouse, C AF Bruce, C Howard, D Gatehouse, C TI Why should recovery be a cause for concern? An investigation of an unusual pattern of recovery in a man with aphasia SO APHASIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID WERNICKES APHASIA; RIGHT HEMISPHERES; LESION SIZE; LANGUAGE; STROKE; COMPREHENSION; INFARCTION; PROGNOSIS; EXTENT; CORTEX AB A man with dysphasia who showed an unusual pattern of recovery 11 months post-stroke is described. Models of brain recovery are used to try and explain the rapid improvement in his language functioning following heart failure. Assessments were administered at three separate phases: pre-heart failure, and one and two months post-heart failure. The results demonstrate that there was significant improvement in some tasks but not others: the pattern could be attributed to more effective semantic processing. The findings suggest that further investigation of clients with delayed improvements might help us understand the brain mechanisms underlying language recovery. C1 UCL, Dept Human Commun Sci, London WC1N 1PG, England. Univ Newcastle Upon Tyne, Newcastle Upon Tyne NE1 7RU, Tyne & Wear, England. Northwick Pk Hosp & Clin Res Ctr, Rehabil Unit, London, England. RP Bruce, C (reprint author), UCL, Dept Human Commun Sci, Chandler House,2 Wakefield St, London WC1N 1PG, England. EM c.bruce@ucl.ac.uk CR ADAMETZ JH, 1959, J NEUROSURG, V16, P85, DOI 10.3171/jns.1959.16.1.0085 BASSO A, 1989, COGNITIVE APPROACHES, P17 BASSO A, 1979, ARCH NEUROL-CHICAGO, V36, P190 BASSO A, 1989, CORTEX, V25, P555 BASSO A, 1992, APHASIOLOGY, V6, P337, DOI 10.1080/02687039208248605 BRUCE C, 1987, BRIT J DISORD COMMUN, V22, P191 CAPPA SF, 1992, APHASIOLOGY, V6, P359, DOI 10.1080/02687039208248607 Cappa SF, 1997, BRAIN LANG, V56, P55, DOI 10.1006/brln.1997.1737 CHOLLET F, 1991, ANN NEUROL, V29, P63, DOI 10.1002/ana.410290112 Coltheart M., 1983, APHASIA THERAPY, P193 COLTHEART M, 1980, UNPUB ANAL ACQUIRED CZOPF J, 1972, ARCH PSYCHIAT NERVEN, V216, P162, DOI 10.1007/BF00346417 Davis A., 1991, NEUROPSYCHOL REHABIL, V1, P135, DOI 10.1080/09602019108401387 DEPARTZ MP, 1986, COGNITIVE NEUROPSYCH, V3, P149, DOI 10.1080/02643298608252674 FRANKLIN S, 1989, APHASIOLOGY, V3, P189, DOI 10.1080/02687038908248991 GAINOTTI G, 1993, EUR J DISORDER COMM, V28, P227 Giles GM, 1993, BRAIN INJURY REHABIL GOLDENBERG G, 1994, BRAIN LANG, V47, P684, DOI 10.1006/brln.1994.1063 HOEDTRASMUSSEN K, 1964, ACTA NEUROL SCAND, V40, P41 Howard D., 1992, PYRAMIDS PALM TREES Howard D, 1984, Adv Neurol, V42, P263 IRLE E, 1987, BRAIN RES REV, V12, P307, DOI 10.1016/0165-0173(87)90003-8 Kay J., 1992, PSYCHOLINGUISTIC ASS KEEFE KA, 1995, AM J SPEECH-LANG PAT, V4, P88 KERR J, 1990, THESIS CITY U LONDON KERTESZ A, 1993, BRAIN LANG, V44, P153, DOI 10.1006/brln.1993.1010 KERTESZ A, 1977, BRAIN, V100, P1, DOI 10.1093/brain/100.1.1 KERTESZ A, 1979, BRAIN LANG, V8, P34, DOI 10.1016/0093-934X(79)90038-5 Kolb B, 1995, BRAIN PLASTICITY BEH Kolb B, 1991, CEREB CORTEX, V1, P189, DOI 10.1093/cercor/1.2.189 MACKWORTH N, 1982, INTERPRETATION HEAD NAESER MA, 1987, ARCH NEUROL-CHICAGO, V44, P73 NICKELS L, 1992, COGNITIVE NEUROPSYCH, V9, P155, DOI 10.1080/02643299208252057 Ponsford J., 1995, TRAUMATIC BRAIN INJU, P1 PRING T, 1990, APHASIOLOGY, V4, P479, DOI 10.1080/02687039008248788 RAYMER AM, 1993, APHASIOLOGY, V7, P27, DOI 10.1080/02687039308249498 RECANZONE GH, 1993, J NEUROSCI, V13, P87 ROBERTSON I, 1996, RECOVERY REHABILITAT ROSEN J, 1971, SCIENCE, V173, P353, DOI 10.1126/science.173.3994.353 WEILLER C, 1995, ANN NEUROL, V37, P723, DOI 10.1002/ana.410370605 WEILLER C, 1993, ANN NEUROL, V33, P181 WILLMES K, 1993, BRAIN, V116, P1527, DOI 10.1093/brain/116.6.1527 WISE RJS, 1983, BRAIN, V106, P197, DOI 10.1093/brain/106.1.197 NR 43 TC 0 Z9 0 PU PSYCHOLOGY PRESS PI HOVE PA 27 CHURCH RD, HOVE BN3 2FA, EAST SUSSEX, ENGLAND SN 0268-7038 J9 APHASIOLOGY JI Aphasiology PD JUL PY 2000 VL 14 IS 7 BP 755 EP 769 PG 15 WC Clinical Neurology SC Neurosciences & Neurology GA 340AQ UT WOS:000088511300004 ER PT J AU Elman, RJ Ogar, J Elman, SH AF Elman, RJ Ogar, J Elman, SH TI Aphasia: Awareness, advocacy, and activism SO APHASIOLOGY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 29th Clinical Aphasiology Conference (CAC) CY JUN, 1999 CL KEY WEST, FLORIDA AB To the public and the media, aphasia is an unknown disorder. In this paper we argue that the ramifications of being 'unknown' are far more than philosophical, with resulting economic, psychosocial, and political consequences. We compare aphasia to other neurological disorders and to other historically disenfranchised individuals. We offer some preliminary ideas for media and political action plans to raise awareness, increase funding, and reduce psychosocial isolation for those living with aphasia. The need to inform and unite is great. Only then will those impacted by aphasia begin to receive the resources to which they are entitled. C1 Aphasia Ctr Calif, Oakland, CA 94602 USA. San Francisco State Univ, San Francisco, CA 94132 USA. RP Elman, RJ (reprint author), Aphasia Ctr Calif, 3996 Lyman Rd, Oakland, CA 94602 USA. CR *AM ASS FUND RAIS, 1999, GIV US 1999 ANN REP *AM SPEECH LANG HE, 1996, CONS MEMB ADV PARTN *AM SPEECH LANG HE, 1998, REG ADV STAT FED LEV *AM SPEECH LANG HE, 1998, POW 1 SELF ADV TRAIN *AM SPEECH LANG HE, 1999, STAT FED PUBL POL AD COHENSCHNEIDER R, 1996, AM SPEECH LANG HEAR Coles R., 1999, GROUP TREATMENT NEUR, P107 Gross CP, 1999, NEW ENGL J MED, V340, P1881, DOI 10.1056/NEJM199906173402406 PENMAN T, 1998, B COLL SPEECH LANGUA, P14 NR 9 TC 27 Z9 28 PU PSYCHOLOGY PRESS PI HOVE PA 27 CHURCH RD, HOVE BN3 2FA, EAST SUSSEX, ENGLAND SN 0268-7038 J9 APHASIOLOGY JI Aphasiology PD MAY-JUN PY 2000 VL 14 IS 5-6 BP 455 EP 459 PG 5 WC Clinical Neurology SC Neurosciences & Neurology GA 316ME UT WOS:000087170400002 ER PT J AU Auther, LL Wertz, RT Miller, TA Kirshner, HS AF Auther, LL Wertz, RT Miller, TA Kirshner, HS TI Relationships among the mismatch negativity (MMN) response, auditory comprehension, and site of lesion in aphasic adults SO APHASIOLOGY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 29th Clinical Aphasiology Conference (CAC) CY JUN, 1999 CL KEY WEST, FLORIDA ID STIMULUS DEVIANCE; SPEECH; POTENTIALS AB We evaluated the mismatch negativity (MMN) response to speech stimuli in aphasic adults to determine the relationships among aphasic patients' auditory comprehension, site of lesion, and the presence or absence of the MMN. Presence of a MMN response was significantly related to auditory comprehension performance. MMNs were present in 89% of the aphasic patients with good auditory comprehension and in 25% of the aphasic patients with poor auditory comprehension. Poor comprehension and the absence of a MMN were related to lesions in the temporal lobe. Good comprehension and the presence of a MMN response were related to lesions that spared the temporal lobe. However, the magnitude of these relationships was not perfect. Thus, the MMN as an index of auditory comprehension and its relationship to site of lesion may depend on where the lesion resides--primary auditory cortex and/or Wernicke's area--in the temporal lobe. C1 Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Nashville, TN 37212 USA. Vanderbilt Univ, Sch Med, Nashville, TN 37212 USA. RP Auther, LL (reprint author), Vet Affairs Med Ctr, 1310 24th Ave S, Nashville, TN 37212 USA. CR AALTONEN O, 1993, BRAIN LANG, V44, P139, DOI 10.1006/brln.1993.1009 AUTHER LL, 1998, 1 VA REH RES DEV M W *AV INN, 1995, COMP SPEECH RES ENV GIARD MH, 1990, PSYCHOPHYSIOLOGY, V27, P627, DOI 10.1111/j.1469-8986.1990.tb03184.x HALL JW, 1991, HDB AUDITORY EVOKED Kertesz A., 1982, W APHASIA BATTERY KORPILAHTI P, 1994, ELECTROEN CLIN NEURO, V91, P256, DOI 10.1016/0013-4694(94)90189-9 KRAUS N, 1993, HEARING RES, V65, P118, DOI 10.1016/0378-5955(93)90206-G Näätänen R, 1987, Electroencephalogr Clin Neurophysiol Suppl, V40, P125 NAATANEN R, 1982, BIOL PSYCHOL, V14, P53, DOI 10.1016/0301-0511(82)90017-5 Näätänen R, 1995, Int J Neurosci, V80, P317, DOI 10.3109/00207459508986107 NYMAN G, 1990, ELECTROEN CLIN NEURO, V77, P436, DOI 10.1016/0168-5597(90)90004-W SAMS M, 1985, ELECTROEN CLIN NEURO, V62, P437, DOI 10.1016/0168-5597(85)90054-1 SHARMA A, 1993, ELECTROEN CLIN NEURO, V88, P64, DOI 10.1016/0168-5597(93)90029-O Spreen O, 1977, NEUROSENSORY CTR COM Wertz RT, 1998, APHASIOLOGY, V12, P499, DOI 10.1080/02687039808249553 NR 16 TC 10 Z9 11 PU PSYCHOLOGY PRESS PI HOVE PA 27 CHURCH RD, HOVE BN3 2FA, EAST SUSSEX, ENGLAND SN 0268-7038 J9 APHASIOLOGY JI Aphasiology PD MAY-JUN PY 2000 VL 14 IS 5-6 BP 461 EP 470 PG 10 WC Clinical Neurology SC Neurosciences & Neurology GA 316ME UT WOS:000087170400003 ER PT J AU Hillis, AE Wang, P Barker, P Beauchamp, N Gordon, B Wityk, R AF Hillis, AE Wang, P Barker, P Beauchamp, N Gordon, B Wityk, R TI Magnetic Resonance Perfusion Imaging: A new method for localizing regions of brain dysfunction associated with specific lexical impairments? SO APHASIOLOGY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 29th Clinical Aphasiology Conference (CAC) CY JUN, 1999 CL KEY WEST, FLORIDA ID ELECTRICAL-STIMULATION; DIFFUSION; APHASIA; STROKE; COMPREHENSION; TOMOGRAPHY; INFARCTION; PLASTICITY; DEFICITS; LANGUAGE AB We investigated correlations between lexical impairments and regional infarction versus hypoperfusion in hyperacute stroke (within 24 hours of onset). Seven patients with hyperacute dominant hemisphere stroke underwent a battery of lexical tasks, and investigational MRI techniques of Diffusion-Weighted Imaging (DWI) and Magnetic Resonance Perfusion Imaging (MRPI). Lexical performance was a function of regional hypoperfusion (on MRPI) rather than region of (probably) completed infarct (on DWI). Strong correlations were found between: accuracy in auditory word comprehension and volume of left temporal and parietal hypoperfusion, and accuracy of naming and left parietal hypoperfusion. Frequent errors in repetition were associated with left temporal and/or left frontal hypoperfusion, but the volume of infarct in these areas was not significantly correlated with the rate of repetition errors. Results of this preliminary study indicate that MRPI is a promising tool for investigating the regions of hypoperfused (dysfunctional, but not infarcted) brain tissue associated with specific language impairments in hyperacute stroke. C1 Johns Hopkins Univ, Inst Med, Dept Neurol, Div Cognit Neurol, Baltimore, MD USA. Johns Hopkins Univ, Inst Med, Clin Stroke Serv, Baltimore, MD USA. Johns Hopkins Univ, Inst Med, Dept Radiol, Div Neuroradiol, Baltimore, MD USA. Johns Hopkins Univ, Inst Med, Dept Med, Baltimore, MD USA. Johns Hopkins Univ, Dept Cognit Sci, Baltimore, MD 21218 USA. RP Hillis, AE (reprint author), Johns Hopkins Hosp, Dept Neurol, 600 N Wolfe St, Baltimore, MD 21287 USA. CR Alexander M. P., 1997, BEHAV NEUROLOGY NEUR, P133 ALEXANDER MP, 1988, APHASIOLOGY, V2, P219, DOI 10.1080/02687038808248913 Baird AE, 1997, ANN NEUROL, V41, P581, DOI 10.1002/ana.410410506 Barber PA, 1998, NEUROLOGY, V51, P418 BASSO A, 1985, BRAIN LANG, V26, P201, DOI 10.1016/0093-934X(85)90039-2 Beauchamp NJ, 1998, AM J ROENTGENOL, V171, P73 Beaulieu C, 1999, ANN NEUROL, V46, P568, DOI 10.1002/1531-8249(199910)46:4<568::AID-ANA4>3.0.CO;2-R Binder J. R., 1994, LOCALIZATION NEUROIM, P185 CHERTKOW H, 1994, LOCALIZATION NEUROIM, P152 CHERTKOW H, 1993, NEUROLOGY, V43, pA19 DAMASIO AR, 1982, ARCH NEUROL-CHICAGO, V39, P15 DEMONET JF, 1992, BRAIN, V115, P1753, DOI 10.1093/brain/115.6.1753 FISHER M, 1995, JAMA-J AM MED ASSOC, V274, P908 GESCHWIN.N, 1965, BRAIN, V88, P237, DOI 10.1093/brain/88.2.237 GOODGLASS H, 1987, ANOMIA HART J, 1990, ANN NEUROL, V27, P226, DOI 10.1002/ana.410270303 HART J, 1992, J COGNITIVE NEUROSCI, V4, P337, DOI 10.1162/jocn.1992.4.4.337 HART J, 1992, NATURE, V359, P60, DOI 10.1038/359060a0 Hillis AE, 1998, BRAIN LANG, V65, P161 HILLIS AE, IN PRESS HYPOPERFUSI Hillis AE, 1999, NEUROLOGY, V52, pA306 HOWARD D, 1992, BRAIN, V115, P1769, DOI 10.1093/brain/115.6.1769 Jenkins WM, 1987, PROG BRAIN RES , V71, P249 JENKINS WM, 1990, NEUROPSYCHOLOGIA, V28, P573, DOI 10.1016/0028-3932(90)90035-M Karbe H, 1998, BRAIN LANG, V64, P215, DOI 10.1006/brln.1998.1961 LESSER RP, 1986, NEUROLOGY, V36, P658 Marshall J., 1984, ANNU REV PSYCHOL, V35, P377 MERZENICH MM, 1983, NEUROSCIENCE, V8, P33, DOI 10.1016/0306-4522(83)90024-6 METTER EJ, 1983, CLIN APHASIOLOGY, V13, P262 METTER EJ, 1981, ANN NEUROL, V10, P173, DOI 10.1002/ana.410100208 METTER EJ, 1983, BRAIN LANG, V19, P33, DOI 10.1016/0093-934X(83)90054-8 METTER EJ, 1986, CLIN APHASIOLOGY, V16, P97 METTER EJ, 1994, LOCALIZATION NEUROIM, P123 MOHR J. P., 1976, STUDIES NEUROLINGUIS, V1 NAESER MA, 1982, ARCH NEUROL-CHICAGO, V39, P2 OJEMANN GA, 1994, CORTICAL STIMULATION PETERSEN SE, 1988, NATURE, V331, P585, DOI 10.1038/331585a0 Raymer AM, 1997, NEUROPSYCHOLOGIA, V35, P211 Raymer AM, 1997, BRAIN LANG, V58, P137, DOI 10.1006/brln.1997.1786 Schlaug G, 1999, NEUROLOGY, V53, P1528 *SCION CORP, 1998, SCION IM BET 3B VERS Thulborn KR, 1999, STROKE, V30, P749 WALL JT, 1988, TRENDS NEUROSCI, V11, P549, DOI 10.1016/0166-2236(88)90184-1 WORRALL B, 1998, NEUROLOGY S, V4, pA363 NR 44 TC 3 Z9 4 PU PSYCHOLOGY PRESS PI HOVE PA 27 CHURCH RD, HOVE BN3 2FA, EAST SUSSEX, ENGLAND SN 0268-7038 J9 APHASIOLOGY JI Aphasiology PD MAY-JUN PY 2000 VL 14 IS 5-6 BP 471 EP 483 PG 13 WC Clinical Neurology SC Neurosciences & Neurology GA 316ME UT WOS:000087170400004 ER PT J AU Lehman, MT Tompkins, CA AF Lehman, MT Tompkins, CA TI Inferencing in adults with right hemisphere brain damage: An analysis of conflicting results SO APHASIOLOGY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 29th Clinical Aphasiology Conference (CAC) CY JUN, 1999 CL KEY WEST, FLORIDA ID PREDICTIVE INFERENCES; DISCOURSE COMPREHENSION; DRAWING INFERENCES; OCCUR ONLINE; TEXT; INTEGRATION; REPRESENTATION; INFORMATION; CONTRIBUTE; RETRIEVAL AB Recent proposals have suggested that inferencing deficits may underlie many cognitive-communicative disorders following right hemisphere brain damage (RHD). However, there is conflicting evidence for these claims. The current review details two major factors that may contribute to the inconsistent findings. First, RHD inferencing studies do not take into consideration models of normal inferencing processes. Such frameworks suggest that inference generation may be modulated by inference type, stimulus characteristics, and the task used to measure inferencing. Few of these factors have been considered in the RHD literature. As a result, conclusions and interpretations may not accurately reflect the state of inferencing abilities after RHD. Predicting and evaluating results also are problematic without a guiding framework. The difficulties encountered in dealing with a heterogeneous population create a second source of inconsistent results. Common sampling biases contribute to inaccurate interpretations of RHD inferencing. Suggestions are provided for dealing with group heterogeneity and issues of generalizability. C1 Univ Pittsburgh, Dept Commun Sci & Disorders, Pittsburgh, PA 15260 USA. RP Tompkins, CA (reprint author), Univ Pittsburgh, Dept Commun Sci & Disorders, 4033 Forbes Tower, Pittsburgh, PA 15260 USA. CR ALBRECHT JE, 1991, J EXP PSYCHOL LEARN, V17, P932, DOI 10.1037//0278-7393.17.5.932 ANDERSON JR, 1974, J VERB LEARN VERB BE, V13, P149, DOI 10.1016/S0022-5371(74)80039-3 BEEMAN M, 1993, BRAIN LANG, V44, P80, DOI 10.1006/brln.1993.1006 BENOWITZ LI, 1990, NEUROPSYCHOLOGIA, V28, P231, DOI 10.1016/0028-3932(90)90017-I Bisset JD, 1995, CLIN APHASIOL, V23, P217 BLOISE CGR, 1993, CLIN APHASIOLOGY, V21, P145 Brookshire R., 1993, DISCOURSE COMPREHENS BROWNELL HH, 1986, BRAIN LANG, V27, P310, DOI 10.1016/0093-934X(86)90022-2 Calvo MG, 1996, DISCOURSE PROCESS, V22, P57 DUFFY SA, 1986, J EXP PSYCHOL LEARN, V12, P208, DOI 10.1037/0278-7393.12.2.208 EDWARDS J, 1997, AM SPEECH LANG HEAR FincherKiefer R, 1996, DISCOURSE PROCESS, V22, P225 GARDNER H, 1983, COGNITIVE PROCESSING, P167 GARROD S, 1990, J EXP PSYCHOL LEARN, V16, P250, DOI 10.1037//0278-7393.16.2.250 Gernsbacher M. A., 1990, LANGUAGE COMPREHENSI GLENBERG AM, 1987, J MEM LANG, V26, P69, DOI 10.1016/0749-596X(87)90063-5 GRAESSER AC, 1994, PSYCHOL REV, V101, P371, DOI 10.1037//0033-295X.101.3.371 HARDEN WD, 1995, J COMMUN DISORD, V28, P247, DOI 10.1016/0021-9924(94)00012-O Joanette Y., 1990, RIGHT HEMISPHERE VER JUST MA, 1987, PSYCHOLINGUISTICS RE KEEFE DE, 1993, J MEM LANG, V32, P446, DOI 10.1006/jmla.1993.1024 KEENAN JM, 1990, INFERENCES TEXT COMP KINTSCH W, 1988, PSYCHOL REV, V95, P163, DOI 10.1037/0033-295X.95.2.163 LEHMAN M, 1998, THESIS Mackenzie C, 1997, APHASIOLOGY, V11, P929, DOI 10.1080/02687039708249420 MCDONALD S, 1986, BRAIN LANG, V29, P68, DOI 10.1016/0093-934X(86)90034-9 MCKOON G, 1992, PSYCHOL REV, V99, P440, DOI 10.1037/0033-295X.99.3.440 MCKOON G, 1989, J EXP PSYCHOL LEARN, V15, P326, DOI 10.1037/0278-7393.15.2.326 MCKOON G, 1990, INFERENCES TEXT COMP MOYA KL, 1986, CORTEX, V22, P381 Myers P. S., 1997, APHASIA RELATED NEUR MYERS PS, 1991, CLIN APHASIOLOGY, V20, P167 OBRIEN EJ, 1990, J EXP PSYCHOL LEARN, V16, P241, DOI 10.1037//0278-7393.16.2.241 OBRIEN EJ, 1988, J EXP PSYCHOL LEARN, V14, P410, DOI 10.1037/0278-7393.14.3.410 Purdy M., 1992, CLIN APHASIOLOGY, V21, P135 RAU MT, 1992, CLIN APHASIOLOGY, V21, P157 READ DE, 1981, BRAIN LANG, V12, P116, DOI 10.1016/0093-934X(81)90008-0 REHAK A, 1992, BRAIN LANG, V42, P320, DOI 10.1016/0093-934X(92)90104-M ROMAN M, 1987, BRAIN LANG, V31, P151, DOI 10.1016/0093-934X(87)90066-6 SCHANK RC, 1972, COGNITIVE PSYCHOL, V3, P552, DOI 10.1016/0010-0285(72)90022-9 SPEELMAN CP, 1990, J MEM LANG, V29, P119, DOI 10.1016/0749-596X(90)90013-P Stevenson R. J., 1993, LANGUAGE THOUGHT REP Swinney D., 1990, INFERENCES TEXT COMP, P17 TOMPKINS CA, 1991, J SPEECH HEAR RES, V34, P820 TOMPKINS CA, 1985, BRAIN LANG, V24, P185, DOI 10.1016/0093-934X(85)90130-0 Tompkins CA, 1995, RIGHT HEMISPHERE COM Tompkins CA, 1999, APHASIOLOGY, V13, P725 TOMPKINS CA, 1991, J SPEECH HEAR RES, V34, P1142 TOMPKINS CA, 1994, J SPEECH HEAR RES, V37, P896 VANDENBROEK P, 1996, MODELS UNDERSTANDING VANDENBROEK P, 1993, DISCOURSE PROCESS, V16, P169 VANDENBROEK P, 1994, HDB PSYCHOLINGUISTIC WALKER CH, 1980, J VERB LEARN VERB BE, V19, P263, DOI 10.1016/S0022-5371(80)90221-2 WAPNER W, 1981, BRAIN LANG, V14, P15, DOI 10.1016/0093-934X(81)90061-4 WHITNEY P, 1990, INFERENCES TEXT COMP WHITNEY P, 1992, MEM COGNITION, V20, P424, DOI 10.3758/BF03210926 NR 56 TC 23 Z9 23 PU PSYCHOLOGY PRESS PI HOVE PA 27 CHURCH RD, HOVE BN3 2FA, EAST SUSSEX, ENGLAND SN 0268-7038 J9 APHASIOLOGY JI Aphasiology PD MAY-JUN PY 2000 VL 14 IS 5-6 BP 485 EP 499 PG 15 WC Clinical Neurology SC Neurosciences & Neurology GA 316ME UT WOS:000087170400005 ER PT J AU Granier, JP Robin, DA Shapiro, LP Peach, RK Zimba, LD AF Granier, JP Robin, DA Shapiro, LP Peach, RK Zimba, LD TI Measuring processing load during sentence comprehension: Visuomotor tracking SO APHASIOLOGY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 29th Clinical Aphasiology Conference (CAC) CY JUN, 1999 CL KEY WEST, FLORIDA ID APHASIC PATIENTS; LEXICAL ACCESS; DETERMINANTS; ATTENTION AB This investigation examined processing load during aspects of sentence comprehension in non-brain-damaged subjects. Our goals were to begin the process of quantifying the loads associated with on-line and off-line aspects of sentence processing and to evaluate the utility of visuomotor tracking as an index of the resource demand associated with elements of sentence comprehension. Subjects were required to track an unpredictable visual target with their forefinger while listening to sentences and answering Yes-No comprehension questions. In general, tracking performance declined during the off-line task of responding to questions compared to the on-line task of listening to sentences and questions. Performance was also poorer during the beginning and end of the sentence compared to the middle of the sentence. Results are discussed in relation to resource theories of normal and aphasic sentence comprehension. C1 Univ Iowa, Dept Speech Pathol & Audiol, Iowa City, IA 52242 USA. Univ Iowa, Natl Ctr Voice & Speech, Iowa City, IA 52242 USA. San Diego State Univ, Dept Commun Disorders, Joint SDSU UCSD Doctoral Program Language & Commu, San Diego, CA 92182 USA. Rush Univ, Rush Presbyterian St Lukes Med Ctr, Dept Commun Sci & Disorders, Chicago, IL USA. RP Granier, JP (reprint author), Univ Iowa, Dept Speech Pathol & Audiol, WJSHC 234E, Iowa City, IA 52242 USA. RI Robin, Donald/F-2109-2010 CR Balogh J, 1998, BRAIN LANG, V61, P169, DOI 10.1006/brln.1997.1917 CAPLAN D, 1986, BRAIN LANG, V27, P117, DOI 10.1016/0093-934X(86)90008-8 CAPLAN D, 1985, COGNITION, V21, P117, DOI 10.1016/0010-0277(85)90048-4 Caplan D, 1997, J SPEECH LANG HEAR R, V40, P542 Clark H. M., 1995, AM J SPEECH-LANG PAT, V4, P143 Haarmann HJ, 1997, BRAIN LANG, V59, P76, DOI 10.1006/brln.1997.1814 JUST MA, 1992, PSYCHOL REV, V99, P122, DOI 10.1037/0033-295X.99.1.122 KLEIN RM, 1976, MOTOR CONTROL ISSUES, P143 MCNEIL M, 1991, CLIN APHASIOLOGY, V20 MILBERG W, 1987, BRAIN LANG, V31, P138, DOI 10.1016/0093-934X(87)90065-4 MIYAKE A, 1994, COGNITIVE NEUROPSYCH, V11, P671, DOI 10.1080/02643299408251989 Murray LL, 1999, APHASIOLOGY, V13, P91, DOI 10.1080/026870399402226 Murray LL, 1997, APHASIOLOGY, V11, P993, DOI 10.1080/02687039708249423 Murray LL, 1997, APHASIOLOGY, V11, P401, DOI 10.1080/02687039708248480 NORMAN DA, 1975, COGNITIVE PSYCHOL, V7, P44, DOI 10.1016/0010-0285(75)90004-3 PAYNE DG, 1994, HUM FACTORS, V36, P441 PRATHER P, 1992, BRAIN LANG, V43, P336, DOI 10.1016/0093-934X(92)90134-Z SHAPIRO LP, 1989, J PSYCHOLINGUIST RES, V18, P223 Shapiro LP, 1997, J SPEECH LANG HEAR R, V40, P254 SHAPIRO LP, 1987, COGNITION, V27, P219, DOI 10.1016/S0010-0277(87)80010-0 SHAPIRO LP, 1993, BRAIN LANG, V45, P423, DOI 10.1006/brln.1993.1053 Swinney D, 1996, J COGNITIVE NEUROSCI, V8, P174, DOI 10.1162/jocn.1996.8.2.174 SWINNEY DA, 1979, J VERB LEARN VERB BE, V18, P645, DOI 10.1016/S0022-5371(79)90355-4 TSENG CH, 1993, BRAIN LANG, V45, P276, DOI 10.1006/brln.1993.1046 Wickens C.D., 1984, VARIETIES ATTENTION NR 25 TC 8 Z9 8 PU PSYCHOLOGY PRESS PI HOVE PA 27 CHURCH RD, HOVE BN3 2FA, EAST SUSSEX, ENGLAND SN 0268-7038 J9 APHASIOLOGY JI Aphasiology PD MAY-JUN PY 2000 VL 14 IS 5-6 BP 501 EP 513 PG 13 WC Clinical Neurology SC Neurosciences & Neurology GA 316ME UT WOS:000087170400006 ER PT J AU Harris, JL Qualls, CD AF Harris, JL Qualls, CD TI The association of elaborative or maintenance rehearsal with age, reading comprehension, and verbal working memory performance SO APHASIOLOGY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 29th Clinical Aphasiology Conference (CAC) CY JUN, 1999 CL KEY WEST, FLORIDA ID OLDER ADULTS; LANGUAGE COMPREHENSION; LIFE-SPAN; DISCOURSE AB Elaborative or maintenance rehearsal strategy-use during a verbal working memory task was the grouping variable for a study that tested whether group membership distinguished 53 healthy adults by age, education, or performance on reading comprehension and verbal working memory tasks. No significant differences in age or reading comprehension emerged as a function of strategy-use. However, the elaborative strategy group had significantly better performance on one measure of verbal working memory. Several within age-group differences as a function of strategy-use were also significant. Younger adults who used elaborative rehearsal had superior working memory measures, and older adults who used elaborative rehearsal had superior reading comprehension measures, suggesting elaborative rehearsal's memory-enhancing function in verbal working memory and reading comprehension tasks. C1 Univ Memphis, Memphis, TN 38105 USA. Penn State Univ, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. RP Harris, JL (reprint author), Univ Memphis, 807 Jefferson Ave, Memphis, TN 38105 USA. CR AU R, 1991, HDB GERIATRIC COMMUN, P293 Baddeley A. D., 1974, PSYCHOL LEARN MOTIV, V8, P47, DOI DOI 10.1016/S0079-7421(08)60452-1 Bayles K. A., 1987, COMMUNICATION COGNIT Belleville S, 1998, MEM COGNITION, V26, P572, DOI 10.3758/BF03201163 Brown J., 1993, NELSONDENNY READING Caplan D, 1999, BEHAV BRAIN SCI, V22, P77 COHEN G, 1981, DISCOURSE PROCESS, V4, P253 COHEN G, 1979, COGNITIVE PSYCHOL, V11, P412, DOI 10.1016/0010-0285(79)90019-7 Craik F. I. M., 1992, HDB AGING COGNITION, P51 Craik F. I. M., 1986, HUMAN MEMORY COGNITI, P409 CRAIK FIM, 1972, J VERB LEARN VERB BE, V11, P671, DOI 10.1016/S0022-5371(72)80001-X DANEMAN M, 1980, J VERB LEARN VERB BE, V19, P450, DOI 10.1016/S0022-5371(80)90312-6 Daneman M, 1996, PSYCHON B REV, V3, P422, DOI 10.3758/BF03214546 DiVesta FJ, 1997, LEARN INDIVID DIFFER, V9, P215, DOI 10.1016/S1041-6080(97)90007-8 Folstein M, 1975, J PSYCHIATR RES, V12, P89 Fry AF, 1996, PSYCHOL SCI, V7, P237, DOI 10.1111/j.1467-9280.1996.tb00366.x GICK ML, 1988, MEM COGNITION, V16, P353, DOI 10.3758/BF03197046 GILLUND G, 1988, LANGUAGE MEMORY AGIN, P191 GORDON SK, 1974, J GERONTOL, V29, P64 Harris JL, 1998, J SPEECH LANG HEAR R, V41, P603 Hartley J T, 1986, Psychol Aging, V1, P150, DOI 10.1037/0882-7974.1.2.150 Hasher L., 1988, PSYCHOL LEARN MOTIV, V22, P193, DOI DOI 10.1016/S0079-7421(08)60041-9 Jenkins L, 1999, PSYCHON B REV, V6, P28, DOI 10.3758/BF03210810 Kausler D. H., 1994, LEARNING MEMORY NORM KEMPER S, 1992, HDB AGING COGNITION, P51 KEMPER S, 1993, DISCOURSE PROCESS, V16, P405 KLATZKY RL, 1988, LANGUAGE MEMORY AGIN, P1 Light L, 1990, HDB PSYCHOL AGING, P275 Light L. L, 1996, MEMORY, P443, DOI [10.1016/B978-012102570-0/50015-X, DOI 10.1016/B978-012102570-0/50015-X] LIGHT LL, 1985, J GERONTOL, V40, P737 Luszcz MA, 1999, GERONTOLOGY, V45, P2, DOI 10.1159/000022048 Meyer B. J. F., 1989, MEMORY IMPROVED READ NORTH AJ, 1986, INT J AGING HUM DEV, V23, P267, DOI 10.2190/BPF0-2BWD-BGNQ-HWCW Park DC, 1996, PSYCHOL AGING, V11, P621, DOI 10.1037//0882-7974.11.4.621 Salthouse T. A., 1991, THEORETICAL PERSPECT Salthouse T. A., 1994, NEUROPSYCHOLOGY, V8, P535, DOI [10.1037/0894-4105.8.4.535, DOI 10.1037/0894-4105.8.4.535] SKA B, 1996, J SPEECH LANGUAGE PA, V20, P101 ULATOWSKA HK, 1986, AGING BRAIN COMMUNIC, P125 Van Dijk T. A., 1983, STRATEGIES DISCOURSE Zabrucky K., 1994, J GERONTOL B-PSYCHOL, V49, P201, DOI 10.1093/geronj/49.5.P201 Zacks R. T., 1988, LANGUAGE MEMORY AGIN, P154 Zelinski E. M., 1988, LANGUAGE MEMORY AGIN, P117 NR 42 TC 7 Z9 7 PU PSYCHOLOGY PRESS PI HOVE PA 27 CHURCH RD, HOVE BN3 2FA, EAST SUSSEX, ENGLAND SN 0268-7038 J9 APHASIOLOGY JI Aphasiology PD MAY-JUN PY 2000 VL 14 IS 5-6 BP 515 EP 526 PG 12 WC Clinical Neurology SC Neurosciences & Neurology GA 316ME UT WOS:000087170400007 ER PT J AU Park, GH McNeil, MR Tompkins, CA AF Park, GH McNeil, MR Tompkins, CA TI Reliability of the five-item revised token test for individuals with aphasia SO APHASIOLOGY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 29th Clinical Aphasiology Conference (CAC) CY JUN, 1999 CL KEY WEST, FLORIDA AB Two trained raters and 11 aphasic subjects were used to evaluate test-retest, interrater and intra-rater reliabilities of the Five-Item (55 total) Revised Token Test (Arvedson et al. 1985). Results revealed high reliability for overall mean scores, and moderate to high reliability for individual subtests and linguistic elements scores. Standard error of measurement (SEM) values were also determined based on the aphasic subjects' data. A discrepancy between large SEM values and the mean absolute difference value suggests that further evaluation of SEM is required with a larger sample size. Results suggest that the Five-Item Revised Token Test is a reliable instrument to assess auditory processing impairments in adults with aphasia. Given the time constraints experienced in clinical and research settings, this assessment tool is useful due to its validity, reliability, and brevity. C1 Univ Pittsburgh, Dept Commun Sci & Disorders, Pittsburgh, PA 15260 USA. VA Pittsburgh Hlth Care Syst, Aphasia Rehabil Res Lab & Clin, Pittsburgh, PA USA. RP Park, GH (reprint author), Vet Adm Med Ctr, 7180 Highland Dr, Pittsburgh, PA 15206 USA. CR Anastasi A., 1988, PSYCHOL TESTING ARVEDSON JC, 1985, CLIN APHASIOLOGY, V15, P57 Bayles K. A., 1993, ARIZONA BATTERY COMM BROOKSHIRE RH, 1974, ACTA SYMBOLICA, V1, P1 Denegar CR, 1993, J SPORT REHABIL, V2, P35 Fleiss JL, 1981, STAT METHODS RATES P, P216 Fritz JM, 1998, PHYS THER, V78, P1046 Kertesz A., 1982, W APHASIA BATTERY LANDIS JR, 1977, BIOMETRICS, V33, P159, DOI 10.2307/2529310 McNeil M. R., 1978, REVISED TOKEN TEST Murray LL, 1997, J SPEECH LANG HEAR R, V40, P792 Nelitz M, 1999, BRIT J RADIOL, V72, P331 Schuell H, 1964, APHASIA ADULTS SHROUT PE, 1979, PSYCHOL BULL, V86, P420, DOI 10.1037//0033-2909.86.2.420 SQUARESTORER P, 1988, BRAIN LANG, V33, P65, DOI 10.1016/0093-934X(88)90055-7 NR 15 TC 10 Z9 10 PU PSYCHOLOGY PRESS PI HOVE PA 27 CHURCH RD, HOVE BN3 2FA, EAST SUSSEX, ENGLAND SN 0268-7038 J9 APHASIOLOGY JI Aphasiology PD MAY-JUN PY 2000 VL 14 IS 5-6 BP 527 EP 535 PG 9 WC Clinical Neurology SC Neurosciences & Neurology GA 316ME UT WOS:000087170400008 ER PT J AU Doyle, PJ McNeil, MR Park, G Goda, A Rubenstein, E Spencer, K Carroll, B Lustig, A Szwarc, L AF Doyle, PJ McNeil, MR Park, G Goda, A Rubenstein, E Spencer, K Carroll, B Lustig, A Szwarc, L TI Linguistic validation of four parallel forms of a story retelling procedure SO APHASIOLOGY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 29th Clinical Aphasiology Conference (CAC) CY JUN, 1999 CL KEY WEST, FLORIDA ID CONNECTED SPEECH; APHASIA; ADULTS AB This study reports the development and validation of four parallel forms of a story retelling procedure. The equivalency of forms was based on the performance of 15 adults with aphasia on 12 operationally defined productive language variables including measures of (a) verbal productivity, (b) information content, (c) grammatical well-formedness, (d) phoneme production, and (e) verbal disruptions. The results revealed no significant differences among the four forms of the test for any of the dependent measures, and strong, positive and significant correlations among forms for 11 of the 12 dependent measures. These results suggest that a wide variety of productive language variables can be reliably measured using parallel forms of the story-retelling procedure described herein. C1 VA Pittsburgh Healthcare Syst, Aphasia Rehabil Res Lab & Clin, Pittsburgh, PA USA. VA Pittsburgh Healthcare Syst, Ctr Geriatr Res Educ & Clin, Pittsburgh, PA USA. Univ Pittsburgh, Dept Commun Sci & Disorders, Pittsburgh, PA 15260 USA. Univ Pittsburgh, Off Measurement & Evaluat Teaching, Pittsburgh, PA 15260 USA. RP Doyle, PJ (reprint author), Vet Adm Med Ctr, 7180 Highland Dr, Pittsburgh, PA 15206 USA. CR Bayles K. A., 1993, ARIZONA BATTERY COMM BOTTENBERG D, 1987, CLIN APHASIOLOGY, V17, P202 Brookshire R., 1993, DISCOURSE COMPREHENS BROOKSHIRE RH, 1994, J SPEECH HEAR RES, V37, P399 CAMPBELL TF, 1987, CONVENTIONS TRANSCRI Doyle P. J., 1995, AM J SPEECH-LANG PAT, V4, P130 Doyle PJ, 1998, APHASIOLOGY, V12, P561, DOI 10.1080/02687039808249558 DOYLE PJ, 1994, CLIN APHASIOL, V22, P135 McNeil M. R., 1978, REVISED TOKEN TEST McNeil MR, 1998, APHASIOLOGY, V12, P575, DOI 10.1080/02687039808249559 McNeil MR, 1997, APHASIOLOGY, V11, P385, DOI 10.1080/02687039708248479 MCNEIL MR, 1988, HDB SPEECH LANGUAGE Nicholas Linda E., 1995, Journal of Speech and Hearing Research, V38, P145 NICHOLAS LE, 1993, J SPEECH HEAR RES, V36, P338 Porch B. E., 1981, PORCH INDEX COMMUNIC POTECHIN GC, 1987, CLIN APHASIOLOGY, V17, P216 Raven J. C., 1965, COLOURED PROGR MATRI SAFFRAN EM, 1989, BRAIN LANG, V37, P440, DOI 10.1016/0093-934X(89)90030-8 SHADDEN BB, 1991, CLIN APHASIOLOGY, V20, P327 Shertzer M, 1986, ELEMENTS GRAMMAR SPENCER KA, APHASIOLOGY, V14 ULATOWSKA HK, 1981, BRAIN LANG, V13, P345, DOI 10.1016/0093-934X(81)90100-0 WAMBAUGH JL, 1991, CLIN APHASIOLOGY, V20, P343 NR 23 TC 19 Z9 19 PU PSYCHOLOGY PRESS PI HOVE PA 27 CHURCH RD, HOVE BN3 2FA, EAST SUSSEX, ENGLAND SN 0268-7038 J9 APHASIOLOGY JI Aphasiology PD MAY-JUN PY 2000 VL 14 IS 5-6 BP 537 EP 549 PG 13 WC Clinical Neurology SC Neurosciences & Neurology GA 316ME UT WOS:000087170400009 ER PT J AU Beeson, PM Rewega, MA Vail, S Rapcsak, SZ AF Beeson, PM Rewega, MA Vail, S Rapcsak, SZ TI Problem-solving approach to agraphia treatment: Interactive use of lexical and sublexical spelling routes SO APHASIOLOGY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 29th Clinical Aphasiology Conference (CAC) CY JUN, 1999 CL KEY WEST, FLORIDA ID ACQUIRED DYSGRAPHIA; REMEDIATION AB Two patients with acquired spelling impairments due to left hemisphere brain damage participated in a treatment protocol to improve their written spelling. Prior to the initiation of writing treatment, both patients showed some ability to take advantage of sound-to-letter correspondences that resulted in phonologically plausible spelling errors. A homework-based treatment was implemented to improve their ability to resolve spelling errors by increased reliance on phoneme-to-grapheme conversion, self-correction, and use of an electronic speller. Both patients improved their spelling abilities and provided evidence of interactive use of partially spared lexical and sublexical spelling routes to resolve their spelling difficulties. C1 Univ Arizona, Natl Ctr Neurogenic Commun Disorders, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA. Univ Arizona, Dept Speech & Hearing Sci, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA. VA Med Ctr, Neurol Sect, Tucson, AZ USA. Univ Arizona, Dept Neurol, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA. RP Beeson, PM (reprint author), Univ Arizona, Natl Ctr Neurogenic Commun Disorders, POB 210071, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA. CR ALIMINOSA D, 1993, APHASIOLOGY, V7, P55, DOI 10.1080/02687039308249499 BARRY C, 1988, Q J EXP PSYCHOL-A, V40, P5 BAXTER DM, 1985, NEUROPSYCHOLOGIA, V23, P653, DOI 10.1016/0028-3932(85)90066-1 BEAUVOIS MF, 1981, BRAIN, V104, P21, DOI 10.1093/brain/104.1.21 Beeson P. M., 1999, APHASIOLOGY, V13, P367 BEESON PM, IN PRESS LANGUAGE IN Beeson PM, 1998, J INT NEUROPSYCH SOC, V4, P621 BEHRMANN M, 1987, COGN NEUROPSYCHOL, V4, P365, DOI 10.1080/02643298708252044 CAMPBELL R, 1983, BRAIN LANG, V19, P153, DOI 10.1016/0093-934X(83)90061-5 Carlomagno S, 1994, COGNITIVE NEUROPSYCH, P485 De Partz M. P., 1986, COGNITIVE NEUROPSYCH, V3, P147 Ellis A. W., 1993, READING WRITING DYSL GOODMAN RA, 1986, UNPUB J HOPKINS DYSG GOODMANSCHULMAN R, 1987, CORTEX, V23, P143 HATFIELD FM, 1983, Q J EXP PSYCHOL-A, V35, P451 Hillis A. E., 1994, COGNITIVE NEUROPSYCH, P449 Hillis A E, 1992, Clin Commun Disord, V2, P19 HILLIS AE, 1995, COGNITIVE NEUROPSYCH, V12, P187, DOI 10.1080/02643299508251996 HILLIS AE, 1987, CLIN APHASIOLOGY, V19, P255 Kaplan E, 1983, BOSTON NAMING TEST Kay J., 1992, PSYCHOLINGUISTIC ASS Kertesz A., 1982, W APHASIA BATTERY RAPCSAK SZ, IN PRESS APHASIA LAN RAPP B, 1997, ANN PSYCH M Roeltgen D. P., 1993, CLIN NEUROPSYCHOLOGY, P63 Shallice T., 1988, NEUROPSYCHOLOGY MENT Southwood MH, 1999, BRAIN LANG, V67, P1, DOI 10.1006/brln.1998.2046 TRUPE AEH, 1986, CLIN APHASIOLOGY 198 Wechsler D., 1987, WECHSLER MEMORY SCAL WING A, 1980, COGNITIVE PROCESS SP NR 30 TC 13 Z9 13 PU PSYCHOLOGY PRESS PI HOVE PA 27 CHURCH RD, HOVE BN3 2FA, EAST SUSSEX, ENGLAND SN 0268-7038 J9 APHASIOLOGY JI Aphasiology PD MAY-JUN PY 2000 VL 14 IS 5-6 BP 551 EP 565 PG 15 WC Clinical Neurology SC Neurosciences & Neurology GA 316ME UT WOS:000087170400010 ER PT J AU Spencer, KA Doyle, PJ McNeil, MR Wambaugh, JL Park, G Carroll, B AF Spencer, KA Doyle, PJ McNeil, MR Wambaugh, JL Park, G Carroll, B TI Examining the facilitative effects of rhyme in a patient with output lexicon damage SO APHASIOLOGY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 29th Clinical Aphasiology Conference (CAC) CY JUN, 1999 CL KEY WEST, FLORIDA ID APHASIA; ACTIVATION; BUFFER; SPEECH; ACCESS AB A theory-driven treatment was designed to facilitate access to the impaired output lexicons of a 47-year-old woman with aphasia resulting from a left parietal haemorrhage. In the context of a multiple-baseline design, lists of rhymed word pairs from four semantic categories were trained using a systematic cueing hierarchy. Performance measures were based on the subject's generation of targeted words, verbally and in writing, when presented with a rhyme of the target. Results demonstrated positive acquisition, generalization and maintenance effects for treated and untreated items across semantic categories. Delayed generalization patterns may be explained by retrieval inhibition (Blaxton and Bookheimer 1993) or lateral inhibition (McClelland and Rumelhart 1981). C1 VA Pittsburgh Healthcare Syst, Aphasia Rehabil Res Lab & Clin, Pittsburgh, PA USA. Univ Pittsburgh, Dept Commun Sci & Disorders, Pittsburgh, PA 15260 USA. VA Pittsburgh Healthcare Syst, Ctr Geriatr Res Educ & Clin, Pittsburgh, PA USA. Univ Utah, Salt Lake City, UT USA. Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Salt Lake City, UT 84148 USA. RP Spencer, KA (reprint author), Univ Washington, Dept Speech & Hearing Sci, 1417 NE 42nd St, Seattle, WA 98105 USA. CR Battig W. F., 1969, J EXP PSYCHOL, V80, P1, DOI 10.1037/h0027577 Bayles K. A., 1993, ARIZONA BATTERY COMM BEST W, 1997, LANGUAGE DISORDERS C, P103 BLAXTON TA, 1993, BRAIN LANG, V44, P221, DOI 10.1006/brln.1993.1015 Brookshire R., 1993, DISCOURSE COMPREHENS CAMPBELL R, 1983, BRAIN LANG, V19, P153, DOI 10.1016/0093-934X(83)90061-5 Cohen J., 1988, STAT POWER ANAL BEHA, V2nd COHEN L, 1995, CORTEX, V31, P469 COLLINS AM, 1975, PSYCHOL REV, V82, P407, DOI 10.1037//0033-295X.82.6.407 CROSBIE J, 1993, J CONSULT CLIN PSYCH, V61, P966, DOI 10.1037/0022-006X.61.6.966 CROSBIE J, 1995, ANAL CHANGE, P361 Dabul B., 1986, APRAXIA BATTERY ADUL Dell GS, 1997, PSYCHOL REV, V104, P801, DOI 10.1037/0033-295X.104.4.801 ELLIS AW, 1988, HUMAN COGNITIVE NEUR, P113 FRIEDMAN RB, 1990, BRAIN LANG, V38, P278, DOI 10.1016/0093-934X(90)90115-W FRIEDRICH FJ, 1984, BRAIN LANG, V22, P266, DOI 10.1016/0093-934X(84)90094-4 German DJ, 1990, TEST ADOLESCENT ADUL Gottman JM, 1981, TIME SERIES ANAL COM KATZ RB, 1991, CORTEX, V27, P111 KAY J, 1981, Q J EXP PSYCHOL-A, V33, P397 Kay J., 1992, PSYCHOLINGUISTIC ASS KAZDIN AE, 1982, SINGLE CASE RES DESI, P230 Kertesz A., 1982, W APHASIA BATTERY Laine M, 1996, BRAIN LANG, V53, P283, DOI 10.1006/brln.1996.0050 LaPointe L. L., 1979, READING COMPREHENSIO Lesser R., 1989, COGNITIVE APPROACHES, P65 MCCLELLAND JL, 1981, PSYCHOL REV, V88, P375, DOI 10.1037/0033-295X.88.5.375 MCNEIL M, 1978, REVISED TOKE TEST MCNEIL MR, 1991, CLIN APHASIOLOGY, V20, P21 MCREYNOLDS LV, 1983, SINGLE SUBJECT EXPT, P83 Miceli G, 1996, BRAIN LANG, V52, P150, DOI 10.1006/brln.1996.0008 MILBERG W, 1988, BRAIN LANG, V34, P279, DOI 10.1016/0093-934X(88)90139-3 NICHOLAS LE, 1993, J SPEECH HEAR RES, V36, P338 NICKELS L, 1995, CORTEX, V31, P209 Porch B. E., 1981, PORCH INDEX COMMUNIC RAPCSAK SZ, 1990, BRAIN LANG, V38, P334, DOI 10.1016/0093-934X(90)90118-Z Raven JC, 1976, COLOURED PROGR MATRI Robey RR, 1999, APHASIOLOGY, V13, P445 Robson J, 1998, J INT NEUROPSYCH SOC, V4, P675 ROSENBEK J, 1978, CLIN MANAGEMENT NEUR Scruggs TE, 1998, BEHAV MODIF, V22, P221, DOI 10.1177/01454455980223001 Wilson B. A., 1987, BEHAV INATTENTION TE Wilson BA, 1991, RIVERMEAD BEHAV MEMO NR 43 TC 15 Z9 15 PU PSYCHOLOGY PRESS PI HOVE PA 27 CHURCH RD, HOVE BN3 2FA, EAST SUSSEX, ENGLAND SN 0268-7038 J9 APHASIOLOGY JI Aphasiology PD MAY-JUN PY 2000 VL 14 IS 5-6 BP 567 EP 584 PG 18 WC Clinical Neurology SC Neurosciences & Neurology GA 316ME UT WOS:000087170400011 ER PT J AU Murray, LL Karcher, L AF Murray, LL Karcher, L TI A treatment for written verb retrieval and sentence construction skills SO APHASIOLOGY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 29th Clinical Aphasiology Conference (CAC) CY JUN, 1999 CL KEY WEST, FLORIDA ID LEARNING-DISABILITIES; APHASIC PATIENTS; JARGON APHASIA; NAMING ERRORS; COMMUNICATION; VALIDITY; STUDENTS; LANGUAGE; THERAPY; SPEECH AB This study examined the effects of a writing treatment on the verb retrieval and sentence construction abilities of a 50-year-old male with chronic, moderate Wernicke's aphasia. The treatment protocol consisted of a cueing hierarchy, word prompt software and home practice, and was applied in the context of a modified multiple-baseline across behaviours design. Following each treatment phase, the patient demonstrated improvements in writing trained verbs at both the word and sentence levels. During the final maintenance probe eight weeks following treatment cessation, the patient's handwritten accuracy had begun to decline but continued to exceed baseline accuracy rates. Furthermore, when he was allowed to use the word prompt software during this final probe, his writing accuracy approximated or exceeded that which he had achieved immediately following the termination of the last treatment phase. Generalization of improved verb retrieval and sentence construction abilities to written and spoken discourse as well as positive qualitative changes in verb retrieval error patterns were observed. Hypotheses regarding the cognitive mechanisms that may underlie these treatment and generalization effects are discussed. C1 Indiana Univ, Dept Speech & Hearing Sci, Bloomington, IN 47405 USA. RP Murray, LL (reprint author), Indiana Univ, Dept Speech & Hearing Sci, 200 S Jordan Ave, Bloomington, IN 47405 USA. CR ALIMINOSA D, 1993, APHASIOLOGY, V7, P55, DOI 10.1080/02687039308249499 Basso A, 1996, J CLIN EXP NEUROPSYC, V18, P77, DOI 10.1080/01688639608408264 BASSO A, 1990, APHASIOLOGY, V4, P185, DOI 10.1080/02687039008249069 Bastiaanse R, 1998, APHASIOLOGY, V12, P951, DOI 10.1080/02687039808249463 BEESON PM, 1999, APHASIOLOGY, V9, P767 BERNDT RS, 1993, AC APH TUCS AZ Berndt RS, 1997, BRAIN LANG, V56, P107 Berndt RS, 1997, BRAIN LANG, V56, P68 Breedin SD, 1998, BRAIN LANG, V63, P1, DOI 10.1006/brln.1997.1923 Fink R. B., 1992, CLIN APHASIOLOGY, V21, P263 Francis WN, 1982, FREQUENCY ANAL ENGLI Fukkink R, 1996, APHASIOLOGY, V10, P741, DOI 10.1080/02687039608248447 German DJ, 1990, TEST ADOLESCENT ADUL Goodglass H, 1997, J Int Neuropsychol Soc, V3, P128 Higginbotham DJ, 1992, AUGMENTATIVE ALTERNA, V8, P258, DOI 10.1080/07434619212331276303 Hillis AE, 1998, J INT NEUROPSYCH SOC, V4, P648, DOI 10.1017/S135561779846613X HILLIS AE, 1989, ARCH PHYS MED REHAB, V70, P632 Kertesz A., 1982, W APHASIA BATTERY Lewis R., 1998, LEARNING DISABILITIE, V13, P95 LOMAS J, 1989, J SPEECH HEAR DISORD, V54, P113 Loverso F L, 1988, J Rehabil Res Dev, V25, P47 MacArthur CA, 1996, J LEARN DISABIL, V29, P344 MacArthur CA, 1998, LEARN DISABILITY Q, V21, P151, DOI 10.2307/1511342 MacWhinney B., 1995, CHILDES PROJECT TOOL Marshall J, 1998, BRAIN LANG, V63, P159, DOI 10.1006/brln.1998.1949 Miceli G, 1996, BRAIN LANG, V52, P150, DOI 10.1006/brln.1996.0008 Mitchum C., 1994, COGNITIVE NEUROPSYCH, P317 MITCHUM CC, 1993, APHASIOLOGY, V7, P71, DOI 10.1080/02687039308249500 Murray LL, 1998, J SPEECH LANG HEAR R, V41, P213 Pashek G, 1998, BRAIN LANG, V65, P177 RAPP BC, 1998, ACQUIRED APHASIA, P187, DOI 10.1016/B978-012619322-0/50009-9 RICHARDS SB, 1999, SINGLE SUBJECT RES A Robson J, 1998, J INT NEUROPSYCH SOC, V4, P675 Robson J, 1998, INT J LANG COMM DIS, V33, P305, DOI 10.1080/136828298247767 Rothi L J, 1991, Clin Commun Disord, V1, P7 SAFFRAN EM, 1989, BRAIN LANG, V37, P440, DOI 10.1016/0093-934X(89)90030-8 SAFFRAN EM, 1982, BRIT J PSYCHOL, V73, P317 SHEWAN CM, 1980, J SPEECH HEAR DISORD, V45, P308 Thompson C. K., 1995, BRAIN LANG, V51, P124 Tseng Chin-Hsing, 1997, P172 Weinrich M, 1997, BRAIN LANG, V58, P327, DOI 10.1006/brln.1997.1759 WILLIAMS SE, 1987, BRAIN LANG, V32, P124, DOI 10.1016/0093-934X(87)90120-9 Wood LA, 1997, AM J SPEECH-LANG PAT, V6, P57 NR 43 TC 20 Z9 21 PU PSYCHOLOGY PRESS PI HOVE PA 27 CHURCH RD, HOVE BN3 2FA, EAST SUSSEX, ENGLAND SN 0268-7038 J9 APHASIOLOGY JI Aphasiology PD MAY-JUN PY 2000 VL 14 IS 5-6 BP 585 EP 602 PG 18 WC Clinical Neurology SC Neurosciences & Neurology GA 316ME UT WOS:000087170400012 ER PT J AU Wambaugh, JL Martinez, AL AF Wambaugh, JL Martinez, AL TI Effects of modified response elaboration training with apraxic and aphasic speakers SO APHASIOLOGY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 29th Clinical Aphasiology Conference (CAC) CY JUN, 1999 CL KEY WEST, FLORIDA ID SPEECH AB Response Elaboration Training (Kearns 1997) was modified for use with aphasic speakers with moderate to severe apraxia of speech. The modifications included additional clinician modelling, use of integral stimulation, and repeated practice of elaborated utterances. The acquisition, response generalization, stimulus generalization, and maintenance effects of treatment were examined with three chronic, apraxic-aphasic speakers. Increases in the number of CIUs produced in response to picture stimuli and in a personal recount task were found for all speakers. However, the magnitude of change varied greatly across speakers. Treatment was sequentially extended to the personal recount condition and additional positive changes were observed. C1 Univ Utah, Dept CMDIS, Salt Lake City, UT 84112 USA. VA Salt Lake City Healthcare Syst, Salt Lake City, UT USA. RP Wambaugh, JL (reprint author), Univ Utah, Dept CMDIS, 1201 Behav Sci Bldg,1530 E 390 S, Salt Lake City, UT 84112 USA. CR CONNELL PJ, 1986, J SPEECH HEAR DISORD, V51, P214 Dabul B. L., 1979, APRAXIA BATTERY ADUL Duffy J.R, 1995, MOTOR SPEECH DISORDE EDELMAN G, 1987, PROMOTING APHASICS C Gaddie A., 1991, CLIN APHASIOLOGY, V19, P171 German DJ, 1990, TEST ADOLESCENT ADUL Kearns K. P., 1989, CLIN APHASIOLOGY, V18, P223 KEARNS KP, 1991, CLIN APHASIOLOGY, V20, P223 KEARNS KP, 1985, CLIN APHASIOLOGY, P196 Kearns Kevin P., 1997, P1 Kertesz A., 1982, W APHASIA BATTERY McNeil MR, 1997, CLIN MANAGEMENT SENS, P311 NICHOLAS LE, 1993, J SPEECH HEAR RES, V36, P338 Nickels L, 1996, APHASIOLOGY, V10, P21, DOI 10.1080/02687039608248397 Porch B. E., 1981, PORCH INDEX COMMUNIC, V2 SAFFRAN EM, 1989, BRAIN LANG, V37, P440, DOI 10.1016/0093-934X(89)90030-8 SQUARE PA, 1994, LANGUAGE INTERVENTIO, P467 STOKES T, 1977, J APPL BEHAV ANAL, V22, P157 THOMPSON CK, 1994, LANGUAGE INTERVENTIO, P407 Wambaugh JL, 1998, J SPEECH LANG HEAR R, V41, P725 WAMBAUGH JL, 1994, CLIN APHASIOL, V22, P231 Wertz RT, 1984, APRAXIA SPEECH ADULT YEDOR KE, 1993, CLIN APHASIOLOGY, V21, P213 Yorkston K. M., 1981, ASSESSMENT INTELLIGI NR 24 TC 13 Z9 13 PU PSYCHOLOGY PRESS PI HOVE PA 27 CHURCH RD, HOVE BN3 2FA, EAST SUSSEX, ENGLAND SN 0268-7038 J9 APHASIOLOGY JI Aphasiology PD MAY-JUN PY 2000 VL 14 IS 5-6 BP 603 EP 617 PG 15 WC Clinical Neurology SC Neurosciences & Neurology GA 316ME UT WOS:000087170400013 ER PT J AU Haley, KL Ohde, RN Wertz, RT AF Haley, KL Ohde, RN Wertz, RT TI Precision of fricative production in aphasia and apraxia of speech: A perceptual and acoustic study SO APHASIOLOGY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 29th Clinical Aphasiology Conference (CAC) CY JUN, 1999 CL KEY WEST, FLORIDA ID VOWEL PRODUCTION; SPECTRAL CHARACTERISTICS; INTELLIGIBILITY; COARTICULATION; ARTICULATION; SPEAKERS AB We examined the precision of fricative place of articulation production in speakers with aphasia and apraxia of speech. Articulatory precision was defined based on acoustic consistency across repeated productions of the same target words and on the acoustic distinction between similar fricative targets. Ten aphasic speakers with apraxia of speech, ten aphasic speakers without apraxia of speech, and ten normal control speakers produced words beginning with voiceless alveolar and palatal fricatives. The Bark transformed first spectral moment was computed in the middle of the fricative. For normal speakers, this measure varied little across repetitions and the target fricatives were clearly distinguished. For aphasic speakers with apraxia of speech, there was substantial spectral variability and overlap between targets. A similar pattern was found for aphasic speakers without apraxia of speech, although the effects were smaller in magnitude. Among these aphasic speakers, the greatest degree of spectral overlap was seen in speakers with low single-word intelligibility scores. The observed spectral imprecision is consistent with impaired phonetic-motor control, not only in the temporal, but also in the spatial domain of speech production. C1 Univ N Carolina, Sch Med, Dept Allied Hlth Sci, Div Speech & Hearing Sci, Chapel Hill, NC 27599 USA. Vanderbilt Univ, Med Ctr, Vanderbilt Bill Wilkerson Ctr Otolaryngol & Commu, Dept Speech & Hearing Sci, Nashville, TN 37240 USA. Vet Adm Med Ctr, Nashville, TN 37203 USA. RP Haley, KL (reprint author), Univ N Carolina, Sch Med, Dept Allied Hlth Sci, Div Speech & Hearing Sci, Med Sch Wing D,CB 7190, Chapel Hill, NC 27599 USA. CR BAUM SR, 1990, BRAIN LANG, V39, P33, DOI 10.1016/0093-934X(90)90003-Y BEHRENS SJ, 1988, J PHONETICS, V16, P295 BLUMSTEIN SE, 1979, J ACOUST SOC AM, V66, P1001, DOI 10.1121/1.383319 BLUMSTEIN SE, 1980, BRAIN LANG, V9, P153, DOI 10.1016/0093-934X(80)90137-6 Darley F.L, 1975, MOTOR SPEECH DISORDE FORREST K, 1988, J ACOUST SOC AM, V84, P115, DOI 10.1121/1.396977 GANDOUR J, 1992, BRAIN LANG, V42, P337, DOI 10.1016/0093-934X(92)90105-N HALEY KI, 1997, ANN CONV AM SPEECH L Haley KL, 1998, APHASIOLOGY, V12, P715, DOI 10.1080/02687039808249568 Haley KL, 2000, APHASIOLOGY, V14, P179 HALPERN H, 1976, CORTEX, V12, P365 Hardcastle W. J., 1987, PHONETIC APPROACHES, P113 HARMES S, 1984, J PHONETICS, V12, P367 HEWLETT N, 1985, BRIT J DISORD COMMUN, V20, P155 KENT RD, 1983, J SPEECH HEAR RES, V26, P231 KENT RD, 1989, J SPEECH HEAR DISORD, V54, P482 KLICH RJ, 1979, CORTEX, V15, P451 LAPOINTE LL, 1975, J COMMUN DISORD, V8, P259, DOI 10.1016/0021-9924(75)90018-0 McNeil MR, 1997, CLIN MANAGEMENT SENS, P311 MILENKOVIC P, 1996, CSPEECH ODELL K, 1990, J SPEECH HEAR DISORD, V55, P345 RYALLS JH, 1986, BRAIN LANG, V29, P48, DOI 10.1016/0093-934X(86)90033-7 SERENO JA, 1987, J ACOUST SOC AM, V81, P512, DOI 10.1121/1.394917 SHINN P, 1983, BRAIN LANG, V20, P90, DOI 10.1016/0093-934X(83)90035-4 SOLI SD, 1981, J ACOUST SOC AM, V70, P976, DOI 10.1121/1.387032 WAMBAUGH JL, 1995, AM J SPEECH-LANG PAT, V4, P186 Wertz RT, 1984, APRAXIA SPEECH ADULT ZIEGLER W, 1989, APHASIOLOGY, V3, P449, DOI 10.1080/02687038908249006 NR 28 TC 7 Z9 7 PU PSYCHOLOGY PRESS PI HOVE PA 27 CHURCH RD, HOVE BN3 2FA, EAST SUSSEX, ENGLAND SN 0268-7038 J9 APHASIOLOGY JI Aphasiology PD MAY-JUN PY 2000 VL 14 IS 5-6 BP 619 EP 634 PG 16 WC Clinical Neurology SC Neurosciences & Neurology GA 316ME UT WOS:000087170400014 ER PT J AU Shuster, LI Wambaugh, JL AF Shuster, LI Wambaugh, JL TI Perceptual and acoustic analyses of speech sound errors in apraxia of speech accompanied by aphasia SO APHASIOLOGY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 29th Clinical Aphasiology Conference (CAC) CY JUN, 1999 CL KEY WEST, FLORIDA ID SPEAKERS; PATTERNS AB In order to carefully characterise their speech errors, two individuals with apraxia of speech and aphasia were audiotape recorded producing 650 monosyllabic words in imitation. Each utterance was transcribed using the methods and diacritics for close phonetic transcription described by Shriberg and Kent (1995). In addition, utterances were analysed acoustically. Although the subjects demonstrated some differences, they also displayed similar patterns. Both produced perceived substitutions as well as perceived distortions. While errors on initial stops tended to be classified as substitutions, errors on initial fricatives were more often classified as distortions or distorted substitutions. Acoustic analyses confirmed and augmented perceptual judgements. The results indicated that this type of approach can be useful for furthering our understanding of the nature and underlying cause of the speech disorder in individuals with aphasia and apraxia. The implications of these findings for the distinction between phonetic and phonemic errors are discussed. C1 W Virginia Univ, Morgantown, WV 26506 USA. Univ Utah, Salt Lake City, UT 84112 USA. VA Salt Lake City Healthcare Syst, Salt Lake City, UT USA. RP Shuster, LI (reprint author), POB 6122,805 Allen Hall, Morgantown, WV 26506 USA. CR Blumstein S. E., 1998, ACQUIRED APHASIA, P157, DOI 10.1016/B978-012619322-0/50008-7 BROWN H, 1995, MENT HANDICAP RES, V8, P3 BUCKINGHAM HW, 1987, CLIN LINGUIST PHONET, V1, P113, DOI 10.3109/02699208708985007 BUCKINGHAM HW, 1998, ACQUIRED APHASIA, P269, DOI 10.1016/B978-012619322-0/50011-7 Bybee JL, 1994, COGN LINGUIST, V5, P285, DOI 10.1515/cogl.1994.5.4.285 TROST JE, 1974, BRAIN LANG, V1, P63, DOI 10.1016/0093-934X(74)90026-1 CANTER GJ, 1985, BRAIN LANG, V24, P204, DOI 10.1016/0093-934X(85)90131-2 Code C, 1998, CLIN LINGUIST PHONET, V12, P47, DOI 10.3109/02699209808985212 Dabul B. L., 1979, APRAXIA BATTERY ADUL Duffy J.R, 1995, MOTOR SPEECH DISORDE FLETCHER SG, 1991, J ACOUST SOC AM, V89, P850, DOI 10.1121/1.1894646 Goldinger S.D., 1997, TALKER VARIABILITY S, P33 HALEY KL, 1999, CLIN APH C KEY WEST Hardcastle W. J., 1987, PHONETIC APPROACHES, P113 HENTON C, 1992, PHONETICA, V49, P65 JOHNS DF, 1970, J SPEECH HEAR RES, V13, P556 KEARNS KP, 1988, J SPEECH HEAR RES, V31, P131 Kent RD, 1996, AM J SPEECH-LANG PAT, V5, P7, DOI DOI 10.1044/1058-0360.0503.07 Kertesz A., 1982, W APHASIA BATTERY KLATT D, 1981, COGNITIVE REPRESENTA, P11 Liss JM, 1998, BRAIN LANG, V62, P342, DOI 10.1006/brln.1997.1907 McNeil MR, 1997, CLIN MANAGEMENT SENS, P311 MCNEIL MR, 1990, MOTOR CONTROL SPEECH, P349 MOWREY RA, 1990, J ACOUST SOC AM, V88, P1299, DOI 10.1121/1.399706 Nolan F, 1996, J PHONETICS, V24, P113, DOI 10.1006/jpho.1996.0008 ODELL K, 1991, J SPEECH HEAR RES, V34, P67 ODELL K, 1990, J SPEECH HEAR DISORD, V55, P345 Repp B. H., 1984, SPEECH LANGUAGE ADV, V10, P243 SHRIBERG LD, 1991, CLIN LINGUIST PHONET, V5, P225, DOI 10.3109/02699209108986113 Shriberg LD, 1995, CLIN PHONETICS Square P. A., 1997, APRAXIA NEUROPSYCHOL, P173 SQUARE PA, 1982, CLIN APHASIOLOGY, P245 Stone M., 1997, HDB PHONETIC SCI, P11 van Turennout M, 1998, SCIENCE, V280, P572 Wambaugh J. L., 1996, CLIN APHASIOLOGY, V24, P97 WAMBAUGH JL, 1995, AM J SPEECH-LANG PAT, V4, P186 WILSON R S, 1979, Journal of Clinical Neuropsychology, V1, P49, DOI 10.1080/01688637908401097 ZIEGLER W, 1987, PHONETIC APPROACHES, P163 NR 38 TC 10 Z9 10 PU PSYCHOLOGY PRESS PI HOVE PA 27 CHURCH RD, HOVE BN3 2FA, EAST SUSSEX, ENGLAND SN 0268-7038 J9 APHASIOLOGY JI Aphasiology PD MAY-JUN PY 2000 VL 14 IS 5-6 BP 635 EP 651 PG 17 WC Clinical Neurology SC Neurosciences & Neurology GA 316ME UT WOS:000087170400015 ER PT J AU Knock, TR Ballard, KJ Robin, DA Schmidt, RA AF Knock, TR Ballard, KJ Robin, DA Schmidt, RA TI Influence of order of stimulus presentation on speech motor learning: A principled approach to treatment for apraxia of speech SO APHASIOLOGY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 29th Clinical Aphasiology Conference (CAC) CY JUN, 1999 CL KEY WEST, FLORIDA ID CONTEXTUAL INTERFERENCE; SKILL ACQUISITION; SCHEMA THEORY; KNOWLEDGE; FEEDBACK; RETENTION; APHASIA AB The present study was designed to examine whether applying principles of motor learning to a commonly used treatment approach for acquired apraxia of speech (AOS) would enhance relearning of speech production skills. In particular, we examined one main principle, random practice, and compared it to blocked practice. Of importance is the fact that many speech treatments utilize blocked practice, but the literature on motor learning clearly shows that blocked practice facilitates acquisition of target behaviours, but not retention and transfer. The latter two are considered true indices of learning. In two subjects with severe AOS, results showed that random practice facilitated retention whereas blocked practice did not. The present study provides preliminary evidence that these principles may have a similar effect on learning of skilled speech motor acts as they do on learning of limb movements. The results reported here are encouraging and provide justification and focus for further investigation. C1 Univ Iowa, Dept Speech Pathol & Audiol, Iowa City, IA 52242 USA. Univ Iowa, Natl Ctr Voice & Speech, Iowa City, IA 52242 USA. RP Ballard, KJ (reprint author), Indiana Univ, Dept Speech & Hearing Sci, Bloomington, IN 47405 USA. RI Robin, Donald/F-2109-2010; Ballard, Kirrie/F-9558-2011 CR Carroll J. B., 1971, AM HERITAGE WORD FRE CHAMBERLIN C, 1993, HDB RES SPORT PSYCHO, P213 Chumpelik D., 1984, SEMINARS SPEECH LANG, V5, P139, DOI 10.1055/s-0028-1085172 Clark HM, 1998, APHASIOLOGY, V12, P699, DOI 10.1080/02687039808249567 Darley F.L, 1975, MOTOR SPEECH DISORDE DELREY P, 1994, RES Q EXERCISE SPORT, V65, P120 Duffy J.R, 1995, MOTOR SPEECH DISORDE DWORKIN JP, 1988, J SPEECH HEAR DISORD, V53, P280 HAGEMAN CF, 1994, CLIN APHASIOL, V22, P219 HALL PK, ASSESSMENT AGILIGY C SPARKS R, 1974, Cortex, V10, P303 HILL B, 1978, VERBAL DYSPRAXIA CLI HOLTZAPPLE P, 1977, CLIN APHASIOLOGY C P, P46 Kelso J. A. S., 1995, DYNAMIC PATTERNS SEL KENT RD, 1987, J SPEECH HEAR DISORD, V52, P367 KENT RD, 1983, J SPEECH HEAR RES, V26, P231 Kertesz A., 1982, W APHASIA BATTERY LAPOINTE LL, 1984, APRAXIA SPEECH PHYSL, P277 Lee T. D., 1985, DIFFERING PERSPECTIV, P3 Lee T. D., 1988, COMPLEX MOVEMENT BEH, P201 LEE TD, 1987, HUM MOVEMENT SCI, V6, P233, DOI 10.1016/0167-9457(87)90014-5 LEE TD, 1983, J EXP PSYCHOL LEARN, V9, P730, DOI 10.1037//0278-7393.9.4.730 LEE TD, 1985, J MOTOR BEHAV, V17, P283 LEE TD, 1990, J MOTOR BEHAV, V22, P191 McNeil MR, 1997, CLIN MANAGEMENT SENS, P311 McReynolds L. V., 1983, SINGLE SUBJECT EXPT ROBIN DA, 1999, SAN DIEG STAT U C SA ROBIN DA, UNPUB VISUOMOTOR TRA Robin D.A., 1997, CLIN MANAGEMENT SENS, P49 Robin DA, 1992, AM J SPEECH-LANG PAT, V1, P19 ROBIN DA, 1999, WORKSH KANS SPEECH L ROSENBEK JC, 1973, J SPEECH HEAR DISORD, V38, P462 RUBOW RT, 1982, ARCH PHYS MED REHAB, V63, P150 SALMONI AW, 1984, PSYCHOL BULL, V95, P355, DOI 10.1037//0033-2909.95.3.355 SCHMIDT RA, 1991, TUTORIALS NEUROSCIEN SCHMIDT RA, 1992, PSYCHOL SCI, V3, P207, DOI 10.1111/j.1467-9280.1992.tb00029.x Schmidt RA, 1999, MOTOR CONTROL LEARNI SCHMIDT RA, 1975, PSYCHOL REV, V82, P225, DOI 10.1037/h0076770 SHEA JB, 1979, J EXP PSYCHOL-HUM L, V5, P179, DOI 10.1037//0278-7393.5.2.179 SHEA JB, 1991, RES Q EXERCISE SPORT, V62, P293 SMITH A, 1995, EXP BRAIN RES, V104, P493 SQUARE PA, 1985, CLIN APHASIOLOGY C P, P319 SWINNEN SP, 1990, J EXP PSYCHOL LEARN, V16, P706, DOI 10.1037/0278-7393.16.4.706 Thelen E., 1994, DYNAMIC SYSTEMS APPR Van Riper C., 1958, VOICE ARTICULATION VANDERLINDEN DW, 1993, PHYS THER, V73, P79 Wambaugh JL, 1998, J SPEECH LANG HEAR R, V41, P725 WAMBAUGH JL, 1994, CLIN APHASIOL, V22, P231 Weeks DJ, 1993, J HUMAN MOVEMENT STU, V25, P348 Wertz RT, 1991, APRAXIA SPEECH ADULT WULF G, 1994, J MOTOR BEHAV, V26, P348 NR 51 TC 47 Z9 47 PU PSYCHOLOGY PRESS PI HOVE PA 27 CHURCH RD, HOVE BN3 2FA, EAST SUSSEX, ENGLAND SN 0268-7038 J9 APHASIOLOGY JI Aphasiology PD MAY-JUN PY 2000 VL 14 IS 5-6 BP 653 EP 668 PG 16 WC Clinical Neurology SC Neurosciences & Neurology GA 316ME UT WOS:000087170400016 ER PT J AU Hickey, EM Bourgeois, MS AF Hickey, EM Bourgeois, MS TI Health-related quality of life (HR-QOL) in nursing home residents with dementia: Stability and relationships among measures SO APHASIOLOGY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 29th Clinical Aphasiology Conference (CAC) CY JUN, 1999 CL KEY WEST, FLORIDA ID SICKNESS IMPACT PROFILE; OF-LIFE; PARKINSONS-DISEASE; STROKE; PERCEPTIONS; VALIDATION; OUTCOMES; PATIENT; RATINGS; MEMORY AB Assessing QOL in nursing home residents with dementia is potentially unreliable or invalid due to their reduced ability to understand and respond to test items. This study measured aspects of health-related QOL (cognition, activities of daily living [ADLs], pain, depression, frequency of problem behaviours, and nursing home satisfaction) in nursing home residents with dementia. The purpose of this analysis was to examine the stability of the measures over time, possible relationships between the measures, and possible differences among proxy and resident responses. Six nursing homes provided the setting for the testing. A total of 105 residents with dementia and 90 nursing assistants participated. Results showed stability over time for all measures. Cognition was positively correlated with ADL ability, and negatively correlated with problem behaviours. Nursing assistants' reports of resident depressive symptoms were positively correlated with their reports of resident problem behaviours. Residents' own reports of depressive symptoms were negatively correlated with nursing home satisfaction. There was no relationship between resident self-reports and nursing assistant proxy reports of depressive symptoms at either testing period. C1 Florida State Univ, Reg Rehabil Ctr 302, Dept Commun Disorders, Tallahassee, FL 32306 USA. RP Bourgeois, MS (reprint author), Florida State Univ, Reg Rehabil Ctr 302, Dept Commun Disorders, Tallahassee, FL 32306 USA. RI Bourgeois, Michelle/F-9397-2015 OI Bourgeois, Michelle/0000-0003-1458-6842 CR Adkins E R, 1993, Rehabil Nurs, V18, P144 ALBERT SM, 1997, MEASUREMENT ELDERLY Allison PJ, 1997, SOC SCI MED, V45, P221, DOI 10.1016/S0277-9536(96)00339-5 BERGNER M, 1981, MED CARE, V19, P787, DOI 10.1097/00005650-198108000-00001 BERLOWITZ DR, 1995, J AM GERIATR SOC, V43, P799 BOURGEOIS MS, 1992, J SPEECH HEAR RES, V35, P1344 BOURGEOIS MS, 1997, GER SOC AM ANN CONV BROWNE JP, 1994, QUAL LIFE RES, V3, P235, DOI 10.1007/BF00434897 DODDS TA, 1993, ARCH PHYS MED REHAB, V74, P531, DOI 10.1016/0003-9993(93)90119-U Dorman PJ, 1997, STROKE, V28, P1883 EuroQol Group, 1990, HLTH POLICY, V16, P199 FOLSTEIN MF, 1975, J PSYCHIAT RES, V12, P189, DOI 10.1016/0022-3956(75)90026-6 George L. K., 1980, QUALITY LIFE OLDER P GERETY MB, 1994, J GERONTOL, V49, pM2 HAYS RD, 1995, QUAL LIFE RES, V4, P159, DOI 10.1007/BF01833609 Hobson JP, 1997, QUAL LIFE RES, V6, P213 HOWARD K, 1995, DEMENTIA, V6, P113, DOI 10.1159/000106931 KANE R, 1982, PREDICTING COURSE NU KEMPEN GIJ, 1997, QUAL LIFE RES, V6, P3323 Kwa VIH, 1996, J NEUROL, V243, P599, DOI 10.1007/BF00900948 LAWTON MP, 1994, ALZ DIS ASSOC DIS, V8, P138, DOI 10.1097/00002093-199404000-00015 LUNGH U, 1996, BRIT J NURSING, V5, P1248 Nordeson A, 1998, QUAL LIFE RES, V7, P257, DOI 10.1023/A:1008882132084 Noro A, 1996, QUAL LIFE RES, V5, P355, DOI 10.1007/BF00433920 Orley J, 1994, QUALITY LIFE ASSESSM, P41 PARMELEE PA, 1993, J AM GERIATR SOC, V41, P517 PETO V, 1995, QUAL LIFE RES, V4, P241, DOI 10.1007/BF02260863 PHILP I, 1989, J CLIN EXP GERONTOL, V11, P11 RADOMSKI MV, 1995, AM J OCCUP THER, V49, P487 SIU AL, 1993, QUAL LIFE RES, V2, P253, DOI 10.1007/BF00434797 Sneeuw KCA, 1997, STROKE, V28, P1541 TERI L, 1992, PSYCHOL AGING, V7, P622, DOI 10.1037/0882-7974.7.4.622 THAPA K, 1989, ACTA PSYCHIAT SCAND, V80, P267, DOI 10.1111/j.1600-0447.1989.tb01336.x *UDS DAT MAN SERV, 1993, GUID UN DAT SET MED vanStraten A, 1997, STROKE, V28, P2155 VIITANEN M, 1988, SCAND J REHABIL MED, V20, P17 WARE JE, 1992, MED CARE, V30, P473, DOI 10.1097/00005650-199206000-00002 Williams LS, 1998, NEUROEPIDEMIOLOGY, V17, P116, DOI 10.1159/000026162 Wu AW, 1997, QUAL LIFE RES, V6, P3 Wyller TB, 1998, STROKE, V29, P363 Wyller TB, 1997, CLIN REHABIL, V11, P139, DOI 10.1177/026921559701100207 YESAVAGE JA, 1983, J PSYCHIAT RES, V17, P37, DOI 10.1016/0022-3956(82)90033-4 NR 42 TC 7 Z9 7 PU PSYCHOLOGY PRESS PI HOVE PA 27 CHURCH RD, HOVE BN3 2FA, EAST SUSSEX, ENGLAND SN 0268-7038 J9 APHASIOLOGY JI Aphasiology PD MAY-JUN PY 2000 VL 14 IS 5-6 BP 669 EP 679 PG 11 WC Clinical Neurology SC Neurosciences & Neurology GA 316ME UT WOS:000087170400017 ER PT J AU Turkstra, LS AF Turkstra, LS TI Should my shirt be tucked in or left out? The communication contest of adolescence SO APHASIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID TRAUMATIC BRAIN INJURY; DISCOURSE; CHILDREN; LANGUAGE; SKILLS; RULES AB Adolescence is a time of significant psychosocial development. Sophisticated communication skills also emerge during this time, helping adolescents to meet increasingly complex social needs. These developments shape the functional communication goals for adolescents with traumatic brain (TBI). The purpose of this paper is to present the major characteristics of psychosocial development in adolescence, and to relate this information to adolescents with TBI. Data on daily social communication in adolescence are also presented, to complement the psychosocial data and facilitate the identification of functional communication goals. C1 Case Western Reserve Univ, Dept Commun Sci, Cleveland, OH 44106 USA. RP Turkstra, LS (reprint author), Case Western Reserve Univ, Dept Commun Sci, 11206 Euclid Ave, Cleveland, OH 44106 USA. CR ARGYLE M, 1985, BRIT J SOC PSYCHOL, V24, P125 ARGYLE M, 1986, INT J PSYCHOL, V21, P287, DOI 10.1080/00207598608247591 Begali V, 1992, HEAD INJURY CHILDREN Belenky MF, 1986, WOMENS WAYS KNOWING BLOSSER J, 1994, PEDIAT TRAMATIC BRAI BLUMKULKA S, 1990, J PRAGMATICS, V14, P259, DOI 10.1016/0378-2166(90)90083-P BOURGAULT R, 1985, COMMUNICATION SKILLS, P241 Brice A, 1996, LANG SPEECH HEAR SER, V27, P68 Brown L. M., 1992, M CROSSROADS CAMPBELL TF, 1990, J SPEECH HEAR DISORD, V55, P567 CHAPMAN SB, 1992, BRAIN LANG, V43, P42, DOI 10.1016/0093-934X(92)90020-F COHEN B, 1989, AI EXPERT, V4, P22 COOPER DC, 1988, LATER LANGUAGE DEV A, P225 CSIKSZENTMIHALY.M, 1986, BEING ADOLESCENT CON Damon W., 1983, SOCIAL PERSONALITY D DENNIS M, 1991, DEV NEUROPSYCHOL, V7, P327 DONDERS J, 1992, J ABNORM CHILD PSYCH, V20, P233, DOI 10.1007/BF00916690 EHRLICH J, 1985, COGNITIVE REHABILITA, P32 Ehrlich J, 1989, Brain Inj, V3, P193, DOI 10.3109/02699058909004552 Erikson E. H., 1959, IDENTITY LIFE CYCLE, V1 Farmer JE, 1996, J LEARN DISABIL, V29, P532 FEENEY TJ, 1998, STUDENTS ACQUIRED BR, P229 Hansen DJ, 1996, BEHAV MODIF, V20, P281, DOI 10.1177/01454455960203003 Hartley LL., 1995, COGNITIVE COMMUNICAT Hecht M., 1993, AFRICAN AM COMMUNICA HOLMES CB, 1988, HEAD INJURED COLLEGE Kenny D. A., 1991, STUDYING INTERPERSON, P275 Kim Young Y., 1986, INTERETHNIC COMMUNIC LEHR E, 1990, COMMUNITY INTEGRATIO, P301 LURIA AR, 1973, MACLEANS MAGAZI 0119, P44 Muuss REH, 1996, THEORIES ADOLESCENCE NIPPOLD MA, 1988, LATER LANGUAGE DEV Paul R., 1995, LANGUAGE DISORDERS I Piaget J, 1947, PSYCHOL INTELLIGENCE RADER MC, 1993, WHAT WE KNOW ED STUD RAFFAELLI M, 1989, J YOUTH ADOLESCENCE, V18, P567, DOI 10.1007/BF02139074 Sillars A. L., 1991, STUDYING INTERPERSON, P197 SMITH F, 1990, VOCATIONAL ED J NOV, P28 STEINBERG L, 1991, YUO YOUR ADOLESCENT THOMSEN IV, 1984, J NEUROL NEUROSUR PS, V47, P260, DOI 10.1136/jnnp.47.3.260 Towne RL, 1993, LANG SPEECH HEAR SER, V24, P100 *TUCS UN SCH DISTR, 1994, PROF 21 CENT GRAD Van Leer E, 1999, J COMMUN DISORD, V32, P327, DOI 10.1016/S0021-9924(99)00008-8 Worthington J, 1989, Rehabil Nurs, V14, P118 Ylvisaker M, 1991, J HEAD TRAUMA REHAB, V6, P10, DOI 10.1097/00001199-199103000-00006 Ylvisaker M., 1998, TRAUMATIC BRAIN INJU NR 46 TC 32 Z9 32 PU PSYCHOLOGY PRESS PI HOVE PA 27 CHURCH RD, HOVE BN3 2FA, EAST SUSSEX, ENGLAND SN 0268-7038 J9 APHASIOLOGY JI Aphasiology PD APR PY 2000 VL 14 IS 4 BP 349 EP 364 DI 10.1080/026870300401405 PG 16 WC Clinical Neurology SC Neurosciences & Neurology GA 315AV UT WOS:000087091200002 ER PT J AU Togher, L AF Togher, L TI Giving information: The importance of context on communicative opportunity for people with traumatic brain injury SO APHASIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID HEAD-INJURY; DISCOURSE; ADULTS; CONVERSATION; POPULATION; LANGUAGE; PARTNERS AB This study is one of a series investigating everyday communication skills of people with traumatic brain injury (TBI) using communication partners other than speech pathologists or research assistants. The first of these studies examined telephone conversations where subjects were asked to request specific information during telephone interactions with a range of communication partners. Results indicated that people with TBI were disadvantaged in some of their interactions on the telephone with community agencies and family members during information-seeking interactions, when compared with matched controls. TBI subjects were given less information than matched controls and were also asked for less information. For example, therapists never asked TBI subjects questions to which they didn't already know the answer. This was in contrast to the control interactions, where subjects were asked for novel information. In the current study seven subjects with TBI were compared with seven matched control subjects across two conditions: a community education information-giving session with two schoolboys, and an information-requesting interaction with the researcher. Exchange structure analysis showed that when placed in an information-giving role, TBI subjects gave similar amounts of information as control subjects. TBI subjects used joke telling as an information-giving device, serving a number of communicative functions, which are discussed. There was no significant difference in the amount of information requested or given by TBI and control subjects in the researcher condition; however there were significant qualitative differences in the nature of the requesting. It has been previously emphasized that people with TBI should be evaluated with a number of interlocutors as part of a thorough communication needs assessment (Hartley 1995). Merely varying the interlocutor is not sufficient, however, as the goal of the interaction and the primary speaking roles of participants are also important, and will determine the language choices available to both speakers. Exchange structure analysis is a useful way to delineate these language choices, as it is interpreted in light of the genre of the interaction and the tenor and communicative purpose of the participants. C1 Univ Sydney, Sch Commun Sci & Disorders, Lidcome, NSW 2141, Australia. RP Togher, L (reprint author), Univ Sydney, Sch Commun Sci & Disorders, POB 170, Lidcome, NSW 2141, Australia. CR Adamovich B, 1992, SCALES COGNITIVE ABI Bateson G., 1973, STEPS ECOLOGY MIND Berry M., 1981, STUDIES DISCOURSE AN, P120 Bond F, 1997, BRAIN INJURY, V11, P319, DOI 10.1080/026990597123476 Braun C M, 1989, Brain Inj, V3, P345, DOI 10.3109/02699058909004559 CASHION JL, 1987, J LANGUAGE SOCIAL PS, V5, P303 Coelho CA, 1991, J HEAD TRAUMA REHAB, V6, P92, DOI 10.1097/00001199-199106000-00011 COELHO CA, 1991, ARCH PHYS MED REHAB, V72, P465 Deser T., 1990, BRAIN LANG, V40, P67 EDELSKY C, 1981, LANG SOC, V10, P383 EGGINS S, 1990, THESIS U SYDNEY SYDN Eggins Suzanne, 1997, ANAL CASUAL CONVERSA EHRLICH J, 1985, COGNITIVE REHABILITA, P32 Ehrlich J, 1989, Brain Inj, V3, P193, DOI 10.3109/02699058909004552 Fairclough N., 1992, DISCOURSE SOCIAL CHA FISHMAN PM, 1978, LANGUAGE GENDER SOC, P89 Giles G M, 1988, Brain Inj, V2, P75, DOI 10.3109/02699058809150933 GILES H, 1976, HUMOUR LAUGHTER THEO, P75 Halliday M. A., 1994, INTRO FUNCTIONAL GRA, V3rd Hartley LL., 1995, COGNITIVE COMMUNICAT Holmes J., 1995, WOMEN MEN POLITENESS Jefferson G, 1987, TALK SOCIAL ORG, P152 JENNETT B, 1977, J NEUROL NEUROSUR PS, V40, P291, DOI 10.1136/jnnp.40.3.291 HARTLEY L L, 1991, Brain Injury, V5, P267, DOI 10.3109/02699059109008097 LILES BZ, 1989, J SPEECH HEAR DISORD, V54, P356 MALIA K, 1995, BRAIN INJURY, V9, P697, DOI 10.3109/02699059509008226 Malts DN, 1982, LANGUAGE SOCIAL IDEN, P196 Martin J. R., 1992, ENGLISH TEXT SYSTEM MCDONALD S, 1993, BRAIN LANG, V44, P28, DOI 10.1006/brln.1993.1003 McTear Michael, 1991, MISCOMMUNICATION PRO, P195 MENTIS M, 1987, J SPEECH HEAR RES, V30, P88 Mulkay M, 1988, HUMOUR Norrick Neal R., 1993, CONVERSATIONAL JOKIN PARSONS CL, 1989, AUSTR J HUMAN COMMUN, V17, P37 PETTERSEN L, 1991, PERCEPT MOTOR SKILL, V73, P1139, DOI 10.2466/PMS.73.8.1139-1150 Poynton C., 1985, LANGUAGE GENDER MAKI PRUTTING CA, 1987, J SPEECH HEAR DISORD, V52, P105 MENTIS M, 1991, J SPEECH HEAR RES, V34, P583 RUSSELL WR, 1961, ARCH NEUROL-CHICAGO, V5, P4 SACKS H, 1974, LANGUAGE, V50, P696, DOI 10.2307/412243 SCHLOSS PJ, 1985, APPL RES MENT RETARD, V6, P269, DOI 10.1016/0270-3092(85)90001-3 Togher L, 1996, DISABIL REHABIL, V18, P559 Togher L, 1998, APHASIOLOGY, V12, P755, DOI 10.1080/02687039808249571 Togher L, 1999, APHASIOLOGY, V13, P709 Togher L, 1997, APHASIOLOGY, V11, P491, DOI 10.1080/02687039708248486 Togher L, 1997, BRAIN INJURY, V11, P169, DOI 10.1080/026990597123629 VENTOLA E, 1987, STRUCTURAL SOCIAL IN WEST C, 1984, DISCOURSE PROCESS, V7, P107 NR 48 TC 23 Z9 26 PU PSYCHOLOGY PRESS PI HOVE PA 27 CHURCH RD, HOVE BN3 2FA, EAST SUSSEX, ENGLAND SN 0268-7038 J9 APHASIOLOGY JI Aphasiology PD APR PY 2000 VL 14 IS 4 BP 365 EP 390 DI 10.1080/026870300401414 PG 26 WC Clinical Neurology SC Neurosciences & Neurology GA 315AV UT WOS:000087091200003 ER PT J AU Dennis, M Barnes, MA AF Dennis, M Barnes, MA TI Speech acts after mild or severe childhood head injury SO APHASIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID WORKING-MEMORY; BURTON-ROBERTS; CHILDREN; PRESUPPOSITION; KNOWLEDGE; DEFICITS; AGE; COMPREHENSION; CONSTRAINTS; ADOLESCENTS AB Children with head injury have impairments in pragmatic language. We investigated speech acts, a form of pragmatic communication, after mild or severe childhood head injury in relation to two linguistic constituents of speech acts competence (lexical-semantic knowledge, pragmatic inference) and two cognitive resources (world knowledge, working memory). Children with head injury had difficulty producing speech acts, and the magnitude of this deficit varied with head injury severity. Within the head injury group, semantic reference and information were unimportant for speech acts, which were, however, significantly predicted by pragmatic inference and working memory. The results are discussed in relation to three general issues : the effect of severity of childhood head injury on linguistic and cognitive morbidity; the relation between semantic reference, pragmatic inference and more general cognitive resources in the production of speech acts; and why semantic competence at a lexical level may not be sufficient for the production of pragmatic utterances. C1 Hosp Sick Children, Dept Psychol Res, Toronto, ON M5G 1X8, Canada. Univ Toronto, Dept Surg, Toronto, ON, Canada. Univ Toronto, Dept Pediat, Toronto, ON, Canada. RP Dennis, M (reprint author), Hosp Sick Children, Dept Psychol Res, 555 Univ Ave, Toronto, ON M5G 1X8, Canada. CR ABBEDUTO L, 1985, J CHILD LANG, V12, P621 Asarnow R., 1995, TRAUMATIC HEAD INJUR, P117 ASTINGTON JW, 1991, BRIT J DEV PSYCHOL, V9, P7 Bara BG, 1997, BRAIN LANG, V59, P7, DOI 10.1006/brln.1997.1812 Barnes MA, 1996, J EXP CHILD PSYCHOL, V61, P216, DOI 10.1006/jecp.1996.0015 Barnes MA, 1999, DEV NEUROPSYCHOL, V15, P1 Beck W. S., 1982, B12, VII, P1 BEUN RJ, 1994, J PRAGMATICS, V21, P191, DOI 10.1016/0378-2166(94)90019-1 BJORKLUND DF, 1986, J EXP CHILD PSYCHOL, V41, P367, DOI 10.1016/0022-0965(86)90045-7 Booth JR, 1995, COGNITIVE DEV, V10, P529, DOI 10.1016/0885-2014(95)90025-X BOOTH JR, 1994, 14 U GEORG MAR NAT R BURTONROBERTS N, 1989, J LINGUIST, V25, P437, DOI 10.1017/S0022226700014171 CAMPBELL TF, 1990, J SPEECH HEAR DISORD, V55, P567 Carey S., 1982, LANG ACQUIS, P347 CARRELL PL, 1984, LANG LEARN, V34, P1, DOI 10.1111/j.1467-1770.1984.tb00993.x Carroll J. B., 1971, WORD FREQUENCY BOOK CARROLL JB, 1973, J VERB LEARN VERB BE, V12, P563, DOI 10.1016/S0022-5371(73)80036-2 CHAPMAN SB, 1992, BRAIN LANG, V43, P42, DOI 10.1016/0093-934X(92)90020-F DENCKLA M B, 1974, Cortex, V10, P186 Dennis M, 1998, BRAIN LANG, V61, P450, DOI 10.1006/brln.1997.1886 Dennis M, 1996, DEV NEUROPSYCHOL, V12, P77 DENNIS M, 1990, BRAIN LANG, V39, P428, DOI 10.1016/0093-934X(90)90149-B Eisele JA, 1998, BRAIN LANG, V61, P376, DOI 10.1006/brln.1997.1883 ENGLE RW, 1991, J EDUC RES, V84, P253 EWINGCOBBS L, 1987, J CLIN EXP NEUROPSYC, V9, P575, DOI 10.1080/01688638708410770 Fillmore C. J., 1968, UNIVERSALS LINGUIST, P1 GAIDOLFI E, 1980, ITAL J NEUROL SCI, V1, P65 GOLDMAN R, 1974, GOLDMANFRISTOEWOODCO Hall W. S., 1986, MODELS MODULES STUDI, P26 HALL WS, 1987, J PSYCHOLINGUIST RES, V16, P289, DOI 10.1007/BF01069284 HOPMANN MR, 1978, J CHILD LANG, V5, P295 HORN LR, 1990, J LINGUIST, V26, P483, DOI 10.1017/S0022226700014766 HULME C, 1995, J CHILD PSYCHOL PSYC, V36, P373, DOI 10.1111/j.1469-7610.1995.tb01297.x JORDAN F, 1990, AUSTR J HUMAN COMMUN, V18, P69 Jordan F M, 1988, Brain Inj, V2, P179, DOI 10.3109/02699058809150943 JORDAN F M, 1990, Brain Injury, V4, P27, DOI 10.3109/02699059009026145 JUST MA, 1973, J VERB LEARN VERB BE, V12, P21, DOI 10.1016/S0022-5371(73)80057-X KARTTUNE.L, 1971, LANGUAGE, V47, P340, DOI 10.2307/412084 KASHER A, 1991, J PRAGMATICS, V16, P381, DOI 10.1016/0378-2166(91)90132-H KELLEHER TR, 1975, THESIS U ROCHESTER R KEMPSON RM, 1975, CAMBRIDGE STUDIES LI, V15 Kiparsky Paul, 1970, PROGR LINGUISTICS, P143 McDonald S, 1996, BRAIN LANG, V53, P81, DOI 10.1006/brln.1996.0038 Miller G. A., 1976, LANGUAGE PERCEPTION MORROW DG, 1990, INFERENCES TEXT COMP, P123 NATSOPOULOS D, 1987, J PSYCHOLINGUIST RES, V16, P133, DOI 10.1007/BF01071999 Paradis M, 1998, J NEUROLINGUIST, V11, P1, DOI 10.1016/S0911-6044(98)00001-3 PHINNEY M, 1981, LANG ACQUIS, P116 Scholnick E. K., 1991, PERSPECTIVES LANGUAG, P397 SCOVILLE RP, 1980, J CHILD LANG, V7, P381 Searle J., 1969, SPEECH ACTS ESSAY PH SEUREN PAM, 1990, J LINGUIST, V26, P425, DOI 10.1017/S0022226700014730 SINGER MS, 1988, J GENET PSYCHOL, V148, P189 Toglia M. P., 1978, HDB SEMANTIC WORD NO VOSNIADOU S, 1982, J PSYCHOLINGUIST RES, V11, P77, DOI 10.1007/BF01067503 Wechsler D, 1974, WECHSLER INTELLIGENC Wechsler D, 1991, WECHSLER INTELLIGENC, V3rd WEIGELCRUMP CI, 1986, BRAIN LANG, V27, P1 WELLMAN HM, 1979, CHILD DEV, V50, P79, DOI 10.1111/j.1467-8624.1979.tb02982.x WETZEL WF, 1992, BRAIN LANG, V42, P286, DOI 10.1016/0093-934X(92)90102-K WIIG EH, 1995, TEST LANGUAGE COMPET WINOGRON HW, 1984, J CLIN NEUROPSYCHOL, V6, P269, DOI 10.1080/01688638408401218 Yeates K., 1999, PEDIAT NEUROPSYCHOLO, P3 YEATES KO, 1999, PEDIAT NEUROPSYCHOLO, P92 NR 64 TC 28 Z9 28 PU PSYCHOLOGY PRESS PI HOVE PA 27 CHURCH RD, HOVE BN3 2FA, EAST SUSSEX, ENGLAND SN 0268-7038 J9 APHASIOLOGY JI Aphasiology PD APR PY 2000 VL 14 IS 4 BP 391 EP 405 PG 15 WC Clinical Neurology SC Neurosciences & Neurology GA 315AV UT WOS:000087091200004 ER PT J AU Ylvisaker, M Feeney, T AF Ylvisaker, M Feeney, T TI Reflections on Dobermanns, poodles, and social rehabilitation for difficult-to-serve individuals with traumatic brain injury SO APHASIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID CLOSED-HEAD-INJURY; FOLLOW-UP; BEHAVIORAL MOMENTUM; FRONTAL-LOBE; CHILDREN; COMPREHENSION; DISABILITIES; METAPHOR; DAMAGE; INTERVENTIONS C1 Coll St Rose, Dept Commun Disorders, Albany, NY USA. Wildwood Inst, Wildwood TBI Behav Resource Project, Schenectady, NY USA. RP Ylvisaker, M (reprint author), 1171 Van Antwerp Rd, Schenectady, NY 12309 USA. CR ADAMS JH, 1980, J CLIN PATHOL, V33, P1132, DOI 10.1136/jcp.33.12.1132 Alderman N, 1996, NEUROPSYCHOL REHABIL, V6, P161, DOI 10.1080/713755505 BAER DM, 1987, J APPL BEHAV ANAL, V20, P313, DOI 10.1901/jaba.1987.20-313 BANNERMAN DJ, 1990, J APPL BEHAV ANAL, V23, P79, DOI 10.1901/jaba.1990.23-79 BARKLEY RA, 1987, DEFIANT CHILDREN CLI BILLOW RM, 1975, DEV PSYCHOL, V11, P415, DOI 10.1037/h0076668 Blumer D., 1975, PSYCHIAT ASPECTS NEU, P151 Bond M. R., 1990, REHABILITATION ADULT BROOKS DN, 1983, J NEUROL NEUROSUR PS, V46, P336, DOI 10.1136/jnnp.46.4.336 Brooks N., 1987, J HEAD TRAUMA REHAB, V2, P1, DOI 10.1097/00001199-198709000-00003 BROWN F, 1993, EDUC TRAIN MENT RET, V28, P318 BROWN G, 1981, PSYCHOL MED, V11, P63 Carney N, 1999, J HEAD TRAUMA REHAB, V14, P277, DOI 10.1097/00001199-199906000-00008 Carr EG, 1998, ANTECEDENT CONTROL, P3 Carr E. G., 1994, COMMUNICATION BASED CARR EG, 1997, POSITIVE BEHAV SUPPO, P403 Conger John Janeway, 1984, ADOLESCENCE YOUTH CZIKSZENTMILHAL.M, 1984, BEING ADOLESCENT Damasio A., 1994, DESCARTES ERROR DAMASIO AR, 1991, FRONTAL LOBE FUNCTION AND DYSFUNCTION, P217 DENNIS M, 1990, BRAIN LANG, V39, P428, DOI 10.1016/0093-934X(90)90149-B Dunlap G, 1994, J Appl Behav Anal, V27, P505, DOI 10.1901/jaba.1994.27-505 FEENEY TJ, 1995, J HEAD TRAUMA REHAB, V10, P67 FEENEY TJ, 1997, CHILDREN ACQUIRED BR, P229 FILLEY CM, 1987, ARCH NEUROL-CHICAGO, V44, P194 Fletcher JM, 1995, HDB PEDIAT PSYCHOL, P362 FOWLER R, 1996, OREGON C MONOGRAPH, V8, P137 Frankl V. E., 1984, MANS SEARCH MEANING GARDNER H, 1974, CHILD DEV, V45, P84, DOI 10.1111/j.1467-8624.1974.tb00562.x HALL KM, 1994, ARCH PHYS MED REHAB, V75, P876, DOI 10.1016/0003-9993(94)90112-0 Hallowell E., 1994, DRIVEN DISTRACTION Harchik A E, 1993, Ann Clin Psychiatry, V5, P151, DOI 10.3109/10401239309148979 HARLAN D, 1994, MAPPING MOTIVATIONAL Jacobs HE, 1993, BEHAV ANAL GUIDELINE KAVALE K, 1983, J LEARN DISABIL, V16, P165 KENNEDY CH, 1995, J APPL BEHAV ANAL, V28, P97, DOI 10.1901/jaba.1995.28-97 KLONOFF PS, 1986, J CLIN EXP NEUROPSYC, V8, P469, DOI 10.1080/01688638608405171 Lakoff G., 1980, METAPHORS WE LIVE Lakoff George, 1998, PHILOS FLESH EMBODIE LEVIN HS, 1991, FRONTAL LOBE FUNCTION AND DYSFUNCTION, P318 LEWIN J, 1998, COLLABORATIVE BRAIN LEWIS L, 1990, J NERV MENT DIS, V178, P69, DOI 10.1097/00005053-199002000-00001 LEZAK MD, 1986, REHABIL PSYCHOL, V31, P241, DOI 10.1037//0090-5550.31.4.241 Lezak MD, 1987, J HEAD TRAUMA REHAB, V2, P57, DOI DOI 10.1097/00001199-198703000-00009 Livingston MG, 1988, J HEAD TRAUMA REHAB, V3, P6, DOI 10.1097/00001199-198812000-00004 MACE FC, 1988, J APPL BEHAV ANAL, V21, P123, DOI 10.1901/jaba.1988.21-123 Mace FC, 1997, J APPL BEHAV ANAL, V30, P1, DOI 10.1901/jaba.1997.30-1 MACE FC, 1990, J EXP ANAL BEHAV, V54, P163, DOI 10.1901/jeab.1990.54-163 Mann L., 1979, TRAIL PROCESS HIST P MCINTOSH R, 1991, J LEARN DISABIL, V24, P451 MCKINLAY WW, 1981, J NEUROL NEUROSUR PS, V44, P529 MENDELSOHN D, 1992, CHILD NERV SYST, V8, P445, DOI 10.1007/BF00274405 Nippold M. A., 1998, LATER LANGUAGE DEV S PEARSON BZ, 1990, J CHILD LANG, V17, P185 PETTERSEN L, 1991, PERCEPT MOTOR SKILL, V73, P1139, DOI 10.2466/PMS.73.8.1139-1150 POLLACK I, 1994, ED DIMENSIONS ACQUIR, P303 Prigatano GP, 1986, NEUROPSYCHOLOGICAL R Robinson TR, 1999, J EDUC PSYCHOL, V91, P195, DOI 10.1037//0022-0663.91.2.195 ROLLS ET, 1994, J NEUROL NEUROSUR PS, V57, P1518, DOI 10.1136/jnnp.57.12.1518 Shammi P, 1999, BRAIN, V122, P657, DOI 10.1093/brain/122.4.657 Singley M. K., 1989, TRANSFER COGNITIVE S Skinner B. F., 1938, BEHAV ORGANISMS EXPT STUSS DT, IN PRESS MEMORY CONS Stuss DT, 1986, FRONTAL LOBES THOMSEN IV, 1984, J NEUROL NEUROSUR PS, V47, P260, DOI 10.1136/jnnp.47.3.260 Thomsen I V, 1974, Scand J Rehabil Med, V6, P180 Thomsen I V, 1987, Brain Inj, V1, P131, DOI 10.3109/02699058709034452 WAGGONER JE, 1985, CHILD DEV, V56, P1156, DOI 10.1111/j.1467-8624.1985.tb00184.x WEDDELL R, 1980, PSYCHOL MED, V10, P257 WIENER J, 1998, LEARNING DISABILITIE, V12, P40 World Health Organization, 1980, INT CLASS IMP DIS HA World Health Organization (WHO), 1998, COMM LANG FUNCT DIS Ylvisaker M., 1998, COLLABORATIVE BRAIN YVLISAKER M, 1998, TRAUMATIC BRAIN INJU, P271 YVLISAKER M, 1996, SEMINARS SPEECH LANG, V17, P217 YVLISAKER M, 1995, SEMINARS SPEECH LANG, V16, P32 YVLISAKER M, 1987, COMMUNITY REENTRY HE YVLISAKER M, 1985, CLIN MANAGEMENT NEUR, P243 YVLISAKER M, 1994, TOP LANG DISORD, V15, P37 YVLISAKER M, 1999, CLIN PRACTICE MANAGE, P117 YVLISAKER M, 1998, TRAUMATIC BRAIN INJU, P221 ZARAGOZA P, 1991, 42ND ANN M EUR ASS A, V1, P260 NR 82 TC 14 Z9 16 PU PSYCHOLOGY PRESS PI HOVE PA 27 CHURCH RD, HOVE BN3 2FA, EAST SUSSEX, ENGLAND SN 0268-7038 J9 APHASIOLOGY JI Aphasiology PD APR PY 2000 VL 14 IS 4 BP 407 EP 431 PG 25 WC Clinical Neurology SC Neurosciences & Neurology GA 315AV UT WOS:000087091200005 ER PT J AU Godfrey, HPD Shum, D AF Godfrey, HPD Shum, D TI Executive functioning and the application of social skills following traumatic brain injury SO APHASIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID CLOSED-HEAD-INJURY; ADJUSTMENT; IMPAIRMENT; REHABILITATION; COMMUNICATION; CONVERSATION; DYSFUNCTION AB Many adults with a traumatic brain injury (TBI) are less competent conversationalists following their injury. Reduced conversational competency is a clinically significant problem. It is associated with a variety of adverse psychosocial outcomes following TBI. Unfortunately, direct attempts to improve the conversational competency of adults with TBI using social skills training has had limited success. This article applies McFall's (1982) social skills model to conversational competency following TBI. This social skills model is based on two critical assumptions. First, in order to be judged socially competent, a person needs to possess the social skills required in a given social context. Second, that social competence requires the ability to apply social skills flexibly according to the rules of social interaction. It is argued that the inability to flexibly apply behaviour according to rules (executive dysfunction) could account for many characteristics of conversation following TBI. This argument is illustrated through the detailed application of Norman and Shallice's (1986) theory of executive functioning to research on conversational behaviour following TBI. It is concluded that fostering appropriate social environments, and providing support are more likely to be effective than remedial social skills training. C1 Univ Otago, Dept Psychol, Dunedin, New Zealand. Griffith Univ, Sch Appl Psychol, Brisbane, Qld, Australia. RP Godfrey, HPD (reprint author), Univ Otago, Dept Psychol, POB 56, Dunedin, New Zealand. RI Shum, David/A-3914-2008 CR ALEXANDER MP, 1987, NEUROBEHAVIOURAL REC Argyle M., 1969, SOCIAL INTERACTION ARGYLE M, ANATOMY RELATIONSHIP BARCH D, 1994, J ABNORM PSYCHOL, V103, P241, DOI 10.1037/0021-843X.103.2.241 Bond F, 1997, BRAIN INJURY, V11, P319, DOI 10.1080/026990597123476 BROTHERTON FA, 1988, ARCH PHYS MED REHAB, V69, P827 Coelho CA, 1991, J HEAD TRAUMA REHAB, V6, P92, DOI 10.1097/00001199-199106000-00011 DERLEGA VJ, 1986, FRIENDSHIP SOCIAL IN ELSASS L, 1987, PSYCHOL MED, V17, P67 GAJAR A, 1984, J APPL BEHAV ANAL, V17, P353, DOI 10.1901/jaba.1984.17-353 Gale S D, 1995, J Int Neuropsychol Soc, V1, P17 Godfraind T, 1996, NAT MED, V2, P2 GODFREY H P D, 1991, Brain Injury, V5, P207, DOI 10.3109/02699059109008091 GODFREY HPD, 1988, ARCH PHYS MED REHAB, V69, P458 GODFREY HPD, 1993, J CLIN EXP NEUROPSYC, V15, P503, DOI 10.1080/01688639308402574 GODFREY HPD, 1993, NEW ZEAL MED J, V106, P301 GODFREY HPD, 1989, PSYCHOL MED, V19, P175 HALFORD WK, 1991, CLIN PSYCHOL REV, V11, P23, DOI 10.1016/0272-7358(91)90136-I Heaton R. K., 1981, MANUAL WISCONSIN CAR HORNER RH, 1990, J ASSOC PERS SEVERE, V15, P125 JOHNSON DA, 1987, BRIT J CLIN PSYCHOL, V26, P289 LEVIN HS, 1976, J NEUROL NEUROSUR PS, V39, P1062, DOI 10.1136/jnnp.39.11.1062 LEZAK MD, 1986, REHABIL PSYCHOL, V31, P241, DOI 10.1037//0090-5550.31.4.241 Linscott RJ, 1996, BRAIN INJURY, V10, P397, DOI 10.1080/026990596124269 Mandler JM, 1984, STORIES SCRIPTS SCEN McDonald S, 1998, BRAIN LANG, V61, P88, DOI 10.1006/brln.1997.1846 MCFALL RM, 1982, BEHAV ASSESS, V4, P1 MENTIS M, 1987, J SPEECH HEAR RES, V30, P88 NEWTON A, 1985, BRIT J CLIN PSYCHOL, V24, P225 Norman D. A., 1986, CONSCIOUSNESS SELF R, V4 ODDY M, 1985, J NEUROL NEUROSUR PS, V48, P564, DOI 10.1136/jnnp.48.6.564 PONSFORD J, 1992, J CLIN EXP NEUROPSYC, V14, P822, DOI 10.1080/01688639208402865 Prigatano GP, 1986, NEUROPSYCHOLOGICAL R REASON JT, 1982, ABSENTMINDED PSYCHOL RIPICH DN, 1994, ALZ DIS ASSOC DIS, V8, P95, DOI 10.1097/00002093-199404000-00011 SchmitterEdgecombe M, 1996, J HEAD TRAUMA REHAB, V11, P17, DOI 10.1097/00001199-199604000-00003 SHALLICE T, 1982, PHILOS T ROY SOC B, V298, P199, DOI 10.1098/rstb.1982.0082 Shallice T, 1991, FRONTAL LOBE FUNCTIO Shum D. H. K., 1990, CLIN NEUROPSYCHOL, V4, P151, DOI 10.1080/13854049008401508 SHUM DHK, 1990, J CLIN EXP NEUROPSYC, V12, P247, DOI 10.1080/01688639008400971 Smith LM, 1995, FAMILY SUPPORT PROGR SPENCE SE, 1993, BRIT J CLIN PSYCHOL, V32, P309 STAMBROOK M, 1990, Brain Injury, V4, P183, DOI 10.3109/02699059009026164 TATE RL, 1989, J NEUROL NEUROSUR PS, V52, P1128, DOI 10.1136/jnnp.52.10.1128 THOMSEN IV, 1984, J NEUROL NEUROSUR PS, V47, P260, DOI 10.1136/jnnp.47.3.260 Trower P, 1978, SOCIAL SKILLS MENTAL WEDDELL R, 1980, PSYCHOL MED, V10, P257 Williamson J. G., 1996, NEUROPSYCHOLOGY CLIN NR 48 TC 32 Z9 34 PU PSYCHOLOGY PRESS PI HOVE PA 27 CHURCH RD, HOVE BN3 2FA, EAST SUSSEX, ENGLAND SN 0268-7038 J9 APHASIOLOGY JI Aphasiology PD APR PY 2000 VL 14 IS 4 BP 433 EP 444 PG 12 WC Clinical Neurology SC Neurosciences & Neurology GA 315AV UT WOS:000087091200006 ER PT J AU Ulatowska, HK Sadowska, M Kadzielawa, D Kordys, J Rymarczyk, K AF Ulatowska, HK Sadowska, M Kadzielawa, D Kordys, J Rymarczyk, K TI Linguistic and cognitive aspects of proverb processing in aphasia SO APHASIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID BRAIN-DAMAGED PATIENTS; COMPREHENSION; METAPHOR; ADULTS AB The main purpose of this study was to explore proverb competence in aphasia within an ethnographic framework. A battery of proverb tests and a questionnaire were constructed to collect the data. The battery was designed to explore the changes in the form and the meaning of proverbs resulting from aphasia, while the questionnaire served the purpose of tapping aphasics' knowledge of proverb use. The experimental battery was designed to include the dichotomy of in-context and out-of-context tasks. The basic assumption that underlay the analysis of the experimental data was that, to understand the mechanism of proverb use in aphasia, one should include qualitative as well as quantitative analyses. The aphasic subjects, who exhibited a mild level of language impairment, to a great extent preserved the ability to comprehend proverbs and the ability to use them under experimental conditions. Methodological guidelines coming from this research are discussed. C1 Univ Texas, Callier Ctr Commun Disorders, Dallas, TX 75235 USA. Polish Acad Sci, Warsaw, Poland. Univ Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland. M Nencki Inst Expt Biol, PL-02093 Warsaw, Poland. RP Ulatowska, HK (reprint author), Univ Texas, Callier Ctr Commun Disorders, 1966 Inwood Rd, Dallas, TX 75235 USA. CR ACHUTINA TW, 1989, POROZDENIJE RIECHI N ANDREASEN NC, 1977, COMPR PSYCHIAT, V18, P465, DOI 10.1016/0010-440X(77)90046-3 Benjamin J, 1944, LANGUAGE THOUGHT SCH, P65 BENTON AL, 1968, NEUROPSYCHOLOGIA, V6, P53, DOI 10.1016/0028-3932(68)90038-9 BROMLEY DB, 1957, J GERONTOL, V12, P318 BRONNER AF, 1927, MANUAL INDIVIDUAL TE BROWNELL HH, 1986, BRAIN LANG, V27, P310, DOI 10.1016/0093-934X(86)90022-2 Bryan K., 1995, RIGHT HEMISPHERE LAN BUEHLER K, 1907, ARCH GESAAMTEN PSYCH, V9, P297 Burgess C., 1996, METAPHOR SYMBOLIC AC, V11, P67, DOI 10.1207/s15327868ms1101_4 Chapman SB, 1997, APHASIOLOGY, V11, P337, DOI 10.1080/02687039708248475 Cummings J. L., 1985, CLIN NEUROPSYCHIATRY DELIS DC, 1984, UNPUB CALIFORNIA PRO DOUGLAS M, 1987, AINSI PENSENT I Dundes Alen, 1975, PROVERBIUM, V25, P961 ELMORE CM, 1957, J CLIN PSYCHOL, V13, P263, DOI 10.1002/1097-4679(195707)13:3<263::AID-JCLP2270130308>3.0.CO;2-C FILLMORE CJ, 1976, STAT METHOD LINGUIST, P5 Gibbs R. W., 1994, POETICS MIND FIGURAT GIBBS RW, 1995, PSYCHOL BULL, V118, P133, DOI 10.1037/0033-2909.118.1.133 Goldstein K, 1941, PSYCHOL MONOGR, V53, P2 Goodglass H, 1983, ASSESSMENT APHASIA R, V2nd Gorham D. R., 1956, PROVERBS TEST Hodges J. R., 1994, COGNITIVE ASSESSMENT HONECK RP, 1980, COGNITION FIGURATIVE, P127 HONECK RP, 1994, METAPHOR SYMB ACT, V9, P85, DOI 10.1207/s15327868ms0902_1 Kaplan E, 1983, BOSTON NAMING TEST KEMPER S, 1981, J PSYCHOLINGUIST RES, V10, P179, DOI 10.1007/BF01068037 KRIKMANN AA, 1978, PAREMIOLOGICHESKY SB, P82 Lakoff G., 1980, METAPHORS WE LIVE LURIA AR, 1979, JAZIK SOZNANIJE LANG LURIA AR, 1973, SCHEMA NEJROPSICHOLO Nippold MA, 1997, J SPEECH LANG HEAR R, V40, P245 Nippold MA, 1996, J SPEECH HEAR RES, V39, P166 Permyakov G. L., 1979, PROVERB FOLK TALE NO Piaget J, 1923, ARCH PSYCHOLOGIE, V18, P273 Piaget J., 1969, LANGUAGE THOUGHT CHI RAVEN Y, 1969, COLOURED PROGRESSIVE REVZIN II, 1977, SOVREMENNAYA STRUKTU ROGERS TB, 1986, CANADIAN FOLKLORE CA, V8, P87 Terman L. M., 1937, MEASURING INTELLIGEN TERMAN LM, 1973, STANFORDBINET INTELL ULATOWSKA HK, 1993, NARRATIVE DISCOURSE IN NEUROLOGICALLY IMPAIRED AND NORMAL AGING ADULTS, P171 ULATOWSKA HK, 1997, PORADNIK JEZYKOWY, V9, P22 ULATOWSKA HK, 1996, PORADNIK JEZYKOWY, V7, P32 Ulatowska HK, 1998, APHASIOLOGY, V12, P619, DOI 10.1080/02687039808249562 ULATOWSKA HK, 1993, P CLIN APH C SED AR ULATOWSKA HK, 1998, PROVERBIUM YB INT PR, V15, P329 Van Lancker D, 1990, Behav Neurol, V3, P169, DOI 10.3233/BEN-1990-3304 VANLANCKER DR, 1987, BRAIN LANG, V32, P265, DOI 10.1016/0093-934X(87)90128-3 VOIGT V, 1978, PAREMIOLOGICHESKY SB, P230 Wechsler D., 1955, WECHSLER ADULT INTEL Wechsler D., 1987, WECHSLER MEMORY SCAL Wechsler D, 1981, WECHSLER ADULT INTEL WEYLMAN ST, 1989, BRAIN LANG, V36, P580, DOI 10.1016/0093-934X(89)90087-4 WINNER E, 1977, BRAIN, V100, P717, DOI 10.1093/brain/100.4.717 ZEIGARNIK BW, 1962, PATOLOGIJA MYSCHLENE NR 56 TC 3 Z9 3 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD PI LONDON PA 11 NEW FETTER LANE, LONDON EC4P 4EE, ENGLAND SN 0268-7038 J9 APHASIOLOGY JI Aphasiology PD MAR PY 2000 VL 14 IS 3 BP 227 EP 250 PG 24 WC Clinical Neurology SC Neurosciences & Neurology GA 294DV UT WOS:000085896800001 ER PT J AU Douglas, JM O'Flaherty, CA Snow, PC AF Douglas, JM O'Flaherty, CA Snow, PC TI Measuring perception of communicative ability: the development and evaluation of the La Trobe communication questionnaire SO APHASIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID TRAUMATIC BRAIN INJURY; CLOSED-HEAD-INJURY; SPEECH STYLE; DEFICITS; ADULTS; RELATIVES; GENDER; ISSUES AB The La Trobe communication questionnaire (LCQ) was designed to measure perceived communicative ability. It was developed to enable collection of information from various sources including the self-perceptions of individuals as well as the perceptions of close others. In this paper we report the development of the questionnaire, its psychometric properties and normative data for the perceptions of young adults and the comparative perceptions of their close others. Participants in the study were 256 adults comprising 147 primary subjects and 109 close others. Primary subjects ranged in age from 16-39 years with a mean age of 20.6 years. The 30 item questionnaire was structured using a modified Likert-type scale with four possible levels of response: (1) never or rarely; (2) sometimes; (3) often; and (4) usually or always. Internal consistency was high (Cronbach's alpha = 0.8596) and good stability over time for self-report was demonstrated (r = 0.7558). There was a significant difference (p < 0.0001) between the perceptions of primary subjects and close others with primary subjects perceiving themselves to have more frequent communication difficulties, than did their close others. Overall, our findings suggest that the LCQ is a promising means of measuring perceived communicative ability in young adults. C1 La Trobe Univ, Sch Human Commun Sci, Melbourne, Vic, Australia. RP Douglas, JM (reprint author), La Trobe Univ, Sch Human Commun Sci, Melbourne, Vic, Australia. RI Douglas, Jacinta/C-2380-2009 CR ALLEN C C, 1990, Brain Injury, V4, P7, DOI 10.3109/02699059009026143 Anastasi A., 1982, PSYCHOL TESTING CAVALLO M M, 1992, Brain Injury, V6, P327, DOI 10.3109/02699059209034947 Chelune G. J., 1986, ADV CLIN NEUROPSYCHO, V3, P95 COELHO CA, 1991, ARCH PHYS MED REHAB, V72, P465 COMREY AL, 1992, FIRST COURSE FACTOR CRAWFORD M, 1987, J PSYCHOLINGUIST RES, V16, P83 CROWNE DP, 1960, J CONSULT PSYCHOL, V24, P349, DOI 10.1037/h0047358 Damico J. S., 1985, COMMUNICATION SKILLS, P165 DEPOMPEI R, 1989, TOP LANG DISORD, V9, P78 DILLER L, 1981, J CONSULT CLIN PSYCH, V49, P822, DOI 10.1037//0022-006X.49.6.822 DOUGLAS J, 1994, THESIS U VICTORIA BR Ehrlich J, 1989, Brain Inj, V3, P193, DOI 10.3109/02699058909004552 ELSASS L, 1987, PSYCHOL MED, V17, P67 Enderby P, 1997, THERAPY OUTCOME MEAS FORDYCE DJ, 1986, REHABIL PSYCHOL, V31, P217, DOI 10.1037//0090-5550.31.4.217 FURROW D, 1990, J PSYCHOLINGUIST RES, V19, P375, DOI 10.1007/BF01068885 GILLIES S, 1990, UNPUB PERCEPTIONS CO GODFREY HPD, 1993, J CLIN EXP NEUROPSYC, V15, P503, DOI 10.1080/01688639308402574 GOLDSTEIN G, 1995, INT J REHABILITATION, V1, P23 Grice H. P., 1975, SYNTAX SEMANTICS, P41, DOI DOI 10.1017/S0022226700005296 Hagen C, 1984, LANGUAGE DISORDERS A, P245 HARTLEY L L, 1992, Brain Injury, V6, P271, DOI 10.3109/02699059209029669 HARTLEY LL, 1990, APHASIOLOGY, V4, P353, DOI 10.1080/02687039008249088 Kreutzer JS, 1996, ARCH PHYS MED REHAB, V77, P116, DOI 10.1016/S0003-9993(96)90155-0 MARTIN CL, 1990, CHILD DEV, V61, P1891, DOI 10.1111/j.1467-8624.1990.tb03573.x MCKINLAY WW, 1984, J CLIN NEUROPSYCHOL, V6, P87, DOI 10.1080/01688638408401199 MCKINLAY WW, 1981, J NEUROL NEUROSUR PS, V44, P527, DOI 10.1136/jnnp.44.6.527 McNeill-Brown D., 1997, INT PERSPECTIVES TRA, P247 Prigatano G. P., 1990, CLIN NEUROPSYCHOL, V4, P163, DOI 10.1080/13854049008401509 Prigatano G. P., 1991, AWARENESS DEFICIT BR, P111 PRIGATANO GP, 1990, ARCH PHYS MED REHAB, V71, P1058 Prigatano GP, 1986, NEUROPSYCHOL REHABIL, P1 ROMANO MD, 1974, SCAND J REHABIL MED, V6, P1 RUBIN DL, 1983, LANG SPEECH, V26, P273 SELLTIZ C, 1976, RES METHODS SOCIAL R SNOW P, 1999, 22 ANN BRAIN IMP C S SNOW P, 1995, APHASIOLOGY, V9, P365, DOI 10.1080/02687039508248210 Spender D., 1981, MAN MADE LANGUAGE STRAHAN R, 1972, J CLIN PSYCHOL, V28, P191, DOI 10.1002/1097-4679(197204)28:2<191::AID-JCLP2270280220>3.0.CO;2-G Tabachnick B.G., 1996, USING MULTIVARIATE S, V2nd Tanner D. C., 1988, APHASIOLOGY, V7, P79, DOI 10.1080/02687038808248889 TYERMAN A, 1984, INT J REHABIL RES, V7, P11, DOI 10.1097/00004356-198403000-00002 NR 43 TC 43 Z9 45 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD PI LONDON PA 11 NEW FETTER LANE, LONDON EC4P 4EE, ENGLAND SN 0268-7038 J9 APHASIOLOGY JI Aphasiology PD MAR PY 2000 VL 14 IS 3 BP 251 EP 268 PG 18 WC Clinical Neurology SC Neurosciences & Neurology GA 294DV UT WOS:000085896800002 ER PT J AU Garcia, LJ Barrette, J Laroche, C AF Garcia, LJ Barrette, J Laroche, C TI Perceptions of the obstacles to work reintegration for persons with aphasia SO APHASIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID MODEL AB The Handicap Creation Process Model (HCPM) suggests that persons with disabilities may experience difficulties at work because of environmental barriers. The present study reports on the perceptions of persons with aphasia, of speech-language pathologists and of employers regarding the potential barriers to job (re)integration. Statements were gathered using a focus group and a nominal group technique, and analysed according to whether the barriers were perceived as residing with the individual, with the organization or with society. Qualitative differences were noted among the perceptions of the three groups. Speech-language pathologists focused on the personal and societal barriers where employers focused on the organizational barriers. Persons with aphasia perceived barriers at all levels. Suggestions for strategies for eliminating these barriers for persons with communication disorders were also collected. C1 Univ Ottawa, Fac Hlth Sci, Sch Rehabil Sci, Audiol & Speech Language Pathol Programme, Ottawa, ON K1N 6N5, Canada. Univ Ottawa, Fac Adm, Ottawa, ON K1N 6N5, Canada. RP Garcia, LJ (reprint author), Univ Ottawa, Fac Hlth Sci, Sch Rehabil Sci, Audiol & Speech Language Pathol Programme, 545 King Edward, Ottawa, ON K1N 6N5, Canada. CR BLACKSCHAFFER RM, 1990, ARCH PHYS MED REHAB, V71, P285 BROTHERSON MJ, 1994, TOP EARLY CHILD SPEC, V14, P101 BRUNELLE J, 1988, TECHNIQUES PRELEVEME, P179 CAREY ML, 1992, BLS B, V2402 CARRIERO MR, 1987, CORTEX, V26, P667 ELLIOTT G, 1996, FACTS AGEING CANADA Fougeyrollas P, 1997, ICIDH ENV FACTORS IN, V9, P32 FOUGEYROLLAS P, 1997, REVISION QUEBEC CLAS Johnson R, 1987, Int Disabil Stud, V9, P49 KUTSCHER RE, 1992, OCCUPATIONAL OUTLOOK, V36, P2 LEDORZE G, 1995, APHASIOLOGY, V9, P239 Lepage C, 1998, PHYS THER, V78, P458 Morgan DL, 1988, FOCUS GROUPS QUALITA, V16 Petheram B, 1998, APHASIOLOGY, V12, P435, DOI 10.1080/02687039808249542 ROLLAND J, 1991, LAPHASIQUE, P195 World Health Organization, 1997, ICIDH 2 INT CLASS IM World Health Organization, 1980, INT CLASS IMP DIS HA NR 17 TC 20 Z9 20 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD PI LONDON PA 11 NEW FETTER LANE, LONDON EC4P 4EE, ENGLAND SN 0268-7038 J9 APHASIOLOGY JI Aphasiology PD MAR PY 2000 VL 14 IS 3 BP 269 EP 290 PG 22 WC Clinical Neurology SC Neurosciences & Neurology GA 294DV UT WOS:000085896800003 ER PT J AU Cholewa, J AF Cholewa, J TI The Neurolinguistic Evaluation System (NES): A computer-based tool for single-case therapy research SO APHASIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID APHASIA C1 Univ Educ, D-69120 Heidelberg, Germany. RP Cholewa, J (reprint author), Univ Educ, Keplerstr 87, D-69120 Heidelberg, Germany. CR BASSO A, 1989, COGNITIVE APPROACHES, P17 BERNDT RS, 1994, COGNITIVE NEUROPSYCH, P503 BROOKSHIRE RH, 1983, J SPEECH HEAR DISORD, V48, P342 Caramazza A., 1989, COGNITIVE APPROACHES, P383 Coltheart M., 1983, APHASIA THERAPY, P193 DeBleser R, 1997, NEUROPSYCHOL REHABIL, V7, P339, DOI 10.1080/713755540 Ellis A. W., 1982, NORMALITY PATHOLOGY, P113 Ellis A. W., 1994, COGNITIVE NEUROPSYCH, P287 Hays W. L., 1981, STATISTICS Hillis A. E., 1994, COGNITIVE NEUROPSYCH, P449 HOLLAND AL, 1992, NIDCD MONOGRAPH, V2, P147 HOWARD D, 1989, COGNITIVE APPROACHES, P39 HOWARD D, 1986, BRIT J DISORD COMMUN, V21, P89 KEARNS KP, 1992, NICD MONOGRAPH, V2, P7 KLAUER KJ, 1987, KRITERIUMSORIENTLIER Kuhn T. S., 1970, STRUCTURE SCI REVOLU MCREYNOLDS LJ, 1983, SINBLE SUBJECT EXPT Nickels L, 1996, APHASIOLOGY, V10, P109, DOI 10.1080/02687039608248401 PRING TR, 1986, BRIT J DISORD COMMUN, V21, P103 RIDDOCH MJ, 1994, COGNITIVE NEUROPSYCH, P1 SCHWARTZ MF, 1992, NIDCD MONOGRAPH, V2, P17 SERON X, 1989, COGNITIVE APPROACHES, P1 Shallice T., 1988, NEUROPSYCHOLOGY MENT Siegel S., 1956, NONPARAMETRIC STAT B WILLMES K, 1990, APHASIOLOGY, V4, P415, DOI 10.1080/02687039008249092 WILSON B, 1990, APPL COGNITIVE PSYCH, V4, P247, DOI 10.1002/acp.2350040403 NR 26 TC 0 Z9 0 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD PI LONDON PA 11 NEW FETTER LANE, LONDON EC4P 4EE, ENGLAND SN 0268-7038 J9 APHASIOLOGY JI Aphasiology PD MAR PY 2000 VL 14 IS 3 BP 291 EP 310 PG 20 WC Clinical Neurology SC Neurosciences & Neurology GA 294DV UT WOS:000085896800004 ER PT J AU Zipin, LM Tompkins, CA Kasper, SC AF Zipin, LM Tompkins, CA Kasper, SC TI Effects of foregrounding on predictive inference generation by normally ageing adults SO APHASIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID TEXT COMPREHENSION; NARRATIVE TEXT; OCCUR ONLINE; CONTRIBUTE; RECALL AB Foregrounding, a technique that highlights concepts in discourse, was investigated as a facilitator of predictive inferencing by normally ageing and young adults. Study participants listened to two versions of short discourse stimuli. In foregrounded versions, two consecutive sentences referred to concepts that led to an implied outcome. Control passages contained the same key lexical elements, but did not predict the outcome. Inference generation was evaluated implicitly, using a word recognition task with a response deadline. Target words reflected predictive inferences from the foregrounded passages. An influence of foregrounding was evident in recognition accuracy for both groups and in response times for the older subjects. Discussion centres on the partial age-group discrepancy in results, possible mechanisms for the foregrounding effect and potential future clinical implications. C1 Univ Pittsburgh, Dept Commun Sci & Disorders, Pittsburgh, PA 15260 USA. RP Tompkins, CA (reprint author), Univ Pittsburgh, Dept Commun Sci & Disorders, 4033 Forbes Tower, Pittsburgh, PA 15260 USA. CR Adams C, 1997, J GERONTOL B-PSYCHOL, V52, pP187 ALBA JW, 1983, PSYCHOL BULL, V93, P203, DOI 10.1037/0033-2909.93.2.203 BEEMAN M, 1993, BRAIN LANG, V44, P80, DOI 10.1006/brln.1993.1006 Brookshire R., 1993, DISCOURSE COMPREHENS Calvo MG, 1996, DISCOURSE PROCESS, V22, P57 CARROLL JB, 1971, AM WORD FREQUENCY BO CHAPE WL, 1972, LANGUAGE COMPREHENSI Dixon W, 1990, BMDP STAT SOFTWARE M, V1-2 DRY HA, 1992, LANGUAGE CONTEXT ESS DUFFY SA, 1986, J EXP PSYCHOL LEARN, V12, P208, DOI 10.1037/0278-7393.12.2.208 Dunn L. M., 1981, PEABODY PICTURE VOCA FOLSTEIN MF, 1975, J PSYCHIAT RES, V12, P189, DOI 10.1016/0022-3956(75)90026-6 GLENBERG AM, 1987, J MEM LANG, V26, P69, DOI 10.1016/0749-596X(87)90063-5 GRAESSER AC, 1994, PSYCHOL REV, V101, P371, DOI 10.1037//0033-295X.101.3.371 HAMM VP, 1992, PSYCHOL AGING, V7, P56, DOI 10.1037/0882-7974.7.1.56 Hasher L., 1988, PSYCHOL LEARN MOTIV, V22, P193, DOI DOI 10.1016/S0079-7421(08)60041-9 HAVILAND SE, 1974, J VERB LEARN VERB BE, V13, P512, DOI 10.1016/S0022-5371(74)80003-4 KASPER SC, 1995, THESIS KEEFE DE, 1993, J MEM LANG, V32, P446, DOI 10.1006/jmla.1993.1024 LEHMAN M, 1998, THESIS Light L. L., 1988, LANGUAGE MEMORY AGIN, P133 MCKOON G, 1992, PSYCHOL REV, V99, P440, DOI 10.1037/0033-295X.99.3.440 MCKOON G, 1986, J EXP PSYCHOL LEARN, V12, P82, DOI 10.1037//0278-7393.12.1.82 MYERS PS, 1991, CLIN APHASIOLOGY, V20, P167 OBRIEN EJ, 1988, J EXP PSYCHOL LEARN, V14, P410, DOI 10.1037/0278-7393.14.3.410 PAUL R, 1995, LANGUAGE DISORDERS I, P424 POTTS GR, 1988, J MEM LANG, V27, P399, DOI 10.1016/0749-596X(88)90064-2 Tompkins C. A., 1998, TOP STROKE REHABIL, V5, P29 Tompkins CA, 1995, RIGHT HEMISPHERE COM Tun PA, 1998, PSYCHOL AGING, V13, P230, DOI 10.1037//0882-7974.13.2.230 VANDENBROEK P, 1994, HDB PSYCHOLINGUISTIC WARE JE, 1994, S F 36 PHYSICAL MENT WHITNEY P, 1992, MEM COGNITION, V20, P424, DOI 10.3758/BF03210926 WILSON R S, 1979, Journal of Clinical Neuropsychology, V1, P49, DOI 10.1080/01688637908401097 WINGFIELD A, 1995, J GERONTOL B-PSYCHOL, V50, pP257 Zacks R. T., 1988, LANGUAGE MEMORY AGIN, P154 Zelinski E. M., 1988, LANGUAGE MEMORY AGIN, P117 NR 37 TC 5 Z9 5 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD PI LONDON PA 11 NEW FETTER LANE, LONDON EC4P 4EE, ENGLAND SN 0268-7038 J9 APHASIOLOGY JI Aphasiology PD FEB PY 2000 VL 14 IS 2 BP 115 EP 131 PG 17 WC Clinical Neurology SC Neurosciences & Neurology GA 289DB UT WOS:000085604300001 ER PT J AU Coelho, CA McHugh, RE Boyle, M AF Coelho, CA McHugh, RE Boyle, M TI Semantic feature analysis as a treatment for aphasic dysnomia: A replication SO APHASIOLOGY LA English DT Article AB Semantic Feature analysis (SFA) is a treatment technique designed to improve lexical retrieval by increasing the level of activation within a semantic network. The purpose of this study was to replicate the Boyle and Coelho (1995) study in which SFA was applied with a mild non-fluent aphasic individual resulting in improved confrontation naming of trained and untrained items but no generalization to connected speech. The present study investigated whether a comparable treatment effect could be demonstrated, and to what extent severity and type aphasia might impact overall outcome. SFA was applied to an individual with a moderate fluent aphasia secondary to a closed head injury. Gains in confrontation naming of both trained and untrained stimulus pictures were noted as well as measures of connected speech. Potential explanations for these findings are discussed. C1 Univ Connecticut, Dept Commun Sci, Storrs, CT 06269 USA. Brooklyn Hosp, New York, NY USA. Cornell Univ, Coll Med, Burke Rehabil Ctr, White Plains, NY 10605 USA. RP Coelho, CA (reprint author), Univ Connecticut, Dept Commun Sci, U-85,850 Bolton Rd, Storrs, CT 06269 USA. CR BENSON DF, 1996, APHATIA CLIN PERSPEC Boyle M., 1995, AM J SPEECH-LANG PAT, V4, P135 COLLINS AM, 1975, PSYCHOL REV, V82, P407, DOI 10.1037//0033-295X.82.6.407 DUFFY JR, 1994, LANGUAGE INTERVENTIO, P146 FREED DB, 1995, J SPEECH HEAR RES, V38, P1081 German DJ, 1990, TEST ADOLESCENT ADUL Kaplan E, 1983, BOSTON NAMING TEST KERTESZ A, 1982, W APHASTIA BATTERY LI EC, 1987, J COMMUN DISORD, V20, P469, DOI 10.1016/0021-9924(87)90034-7 LIEBAUGH CW, 1977, P CLIN APH C MINN, P248 Lowell S., 1995, AM J SPEECH-LANG PAT, V4, P109 Massaro M. E., 1992, CLIN APHASIOLOGY, V22, P245 NICHOLAS LE, 1993, J SPEECH HEAR RES, V36, P338 PEASE D M, 1978, Cortex, V14, P178 ROSENBECK JC, 1989, APHATIA CLIN APPROAC SCHNEIDER SL, 1997, CLIN APH C WHIT MT J SNODGRASS JG, 1980, J EXP PSYCHOL-HUM L, V6, P174, DOI 10.1037/0278-7393.6.2.174 STOKES TF, 1977, J APPL BEHAV ANAL, V10, P349, DOI 10.1901/jaba.1977.10-349 Thompson C. K., 1989, GEN STRATEGIES TREAT, P82 THOMPSON CK, 1981, P CLIN APH C MINN, P35 YLVISAKER M, 1985, ANN C ILL SPEECH LAN NR 21 TC 69 Z9 72 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD PI LONDON PA 11 NEW FETTER LANE, LONDON EC4P 4EE, ENGLAND SN 0268-7038 J9 APHASIOLOGY JI Aphasiology PD FEB PY 2000 VL 14 IS 2 BP 133 EP 142 PG 10 WC Clinical Neurology SC Neurosciences & Neurology GA 289DB UT WOS:000085604300002 ER PT J AU Cruice, MN Worrall, LE Hickson, LMH AF Cruice, MN Worrall, LE Hickson, LMH TI Boston naming test results for healthy older Australians: A longitudinal and cross-sectional study SO APHASIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID NORMATIVE DATA; PERFORMANCE; AGE; ADULTS; ABILITIES; DEMENTIA; APHASIA AB This study reports on a sample of normal Australian elderly who were assessed for naming ability using the Boston Naming Test (BNT). The study aimed to examine and compare the changes in naming ability, using both longitudinal and cross-sectional analysis, and determine the relationships between naming ability and age, educational level, visual acuity and gender and cultural relevance. Contradictory findings were produced regarding age and were dependent on the research design. Longitudinal analysis showed no age-related change in naming ability in subjects over a four-period. In contrast, cross-sectional analysis showed a weak but significant correlation between age and naming ability. Educational level, visual acuity and gender were unrelated to changes in naming ability over time, and unrelated to naming ability across the cohort of elderly. The Australian elderly performed better on the modified Australian version of the BNT than on the original American version. Thus, clinicians need to be cautious when interpreting the results of the BNT for elderly and for populations outside North America. The results of this study also indicate a need for further longitudinal research of a greater duration to establish age-related decline in naming ability. C1 Univ Queensland, Commun Disabil Ageing Res Unit, Dept Speech Pathol & Audiol, Brisbane, Qld 4072, Australia. RP Cruice, MN (reprint author), Univ Queensland, Commun Disabil Ageing Res Unit, Dept Speech Pathol & Audiol, Brisbane, Qld 4072, Australia. RI Hickson, Louise/F-8748-2010; Worrall, Linda/D-2579-2010 OI Worrall, Linda/0000-0002-3283-7038 CR ALBERT MS, 1988, PSYCHOL AGING, V3, P173, DOI 10.1037//0882-7974.3.2.173 ARMSTRONG L, 1994, EUR J DISORDER COMM, V29, P371 Au R, 1995, AGING COGNITION, V2, P300, DOI 10.1080/13825589508256605 BAILEY IL, 1980, AM J OPTOM PHYS OPT, V57, P378 BAYLES KA, 1983, BRAIN LANG, V19, P98, DOI 10.1016/0093-934X(83)90057-3 BEELE KA, 1984, BRIT J DISORD COMMUN, V19, P169 BOROD J C, 1980, Journal of Clinical Neuropsychology, V2, P209, DOI 10.1080/01688638008403793 COHEN G, 1986, BRIT J DEV PSYCHOL, V4, P187 CORMACK RA, 1994, AUSTR J HUMAN COMMUN, V22, P74 Deloche G, 1996, BRAIN LANG, V53, P105, DOI 10.1006/brln.1996.0039 FARMER A, 1990, APHASIOLOGY, V4, P293, DOI 10.1080/02687039008249081 Goodglass H., 1980, LANG COMMUN, P37 GOULET P, 1994, J SPEECH HEAR RES, V37, P629 HUNTLEY RA, 1995, COMMUNICATION LATER JOHNSTON AW, 1991, PROBLEMS OPTOMETRY, V3, P394 Kaplan E, 1983, BOSTON NAMING TEST KIMBAROW ML, 1996, CLIN APHASIOLOGIST, V24, P135 KOHN SE, 1985, BRAIN LANG, V24, P266, DOI 10.1016/0093-934X(85)90135-X KRAUSS LK, 1980, AGING 1980S, P542 LABARGE E, 1986, BRAIN LANG, V27, P380, DOI 10.1016/0093-934X(86)90026-X LEDORZE G, 1992, J SPEECH LANGUAGE PA, V16, P21 MAXIM J, 1994, LANGUAGE ELDERLY CLI MITRUSHINA M, 1995, AGING-CLIN EXP RES, V7, P123 NEILS J, 1995, J SPEECH HEAR RES, V38, P1143 NICHOLAS LE, 1989, APHASIOLOGY, V3, P569, DOI 10.1080/02687038908249023 NICHOLAS M, 1985, CORTEX, V21, P596 SILVER LS, 1992, J PSYCHOLINGUIST RES, V21, P317, DOI 10.1007/BF01067919 SMITH SR, 1989, BRAIN LANG, V36, P314, DOI 10.1016/0093-934X(89)90068-0 STEUER J, 1981, AGING BIOL BEHAV, P231 VANGORP WG, 1986, J CLIN EXP NEUROPSYC, V8, P702, DOI 10.1080/01688638608405189 Welch LW, 1996, BRAIN LANG, V53, P260, DOI 10.1006/brln.1996.0047 Worrall L, 1998, EDUC GERONTOL, V24, P129, DOI 10.1080/0360127980240203 WORRALL LE, 1990, AUSTR J HUMAN COMMUN, V18, P53 WORRALL LE, 1995, APHASIOLOGY, V9, P541, DOI 10.1080/02687039508248713 NR 34 TC 25 Z9 25 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD PI LONDON PA 11 NEW FETTER LANE, LONDON EC4P 4EE, ENGLAND SN 0268-7038 J9 APHASIOLOGY JI Aphasiology PD FEB PY 2000 VL 14 IS 2 BP 143 EP 155 PG 13 WC Clinical Neurology SC Neurosciences & Neurology GA 289DB UT WOS:000085604300003 ER PT J AU Singh, S AF Singh, S TI Designing intelligent interfaces for users with memory and language limitations SO APHASIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID HARD-COPY; TEXT; DISPLAYS; PERFORMANCE; FATIGUE; SCREENS; COMPREHENSION; INFORMATION; RETRIEVAL; SENTENCE AB The main contribution of this paper is to discuss in depth the issues related to the design of computer interfaces for users with language limitations. Language limitations are found to various degrees in different users because of their age or health. In this paper, one of the largest applications of human-computer interaction, the Internet, is explored. This paper will discuss syntactic and semantic language limitations in brief and their implication on human computer communication. A number of solutions are offered that will lead to intelligent interfaces that facilitate not only visual needs of the user, but also their language needs. C1 Univ Exeter, Dept Comp Sci, Exeter EX4 4PT, Devon, England. RP Singh, S (reprint author), Univ Exeter, Dept Comp Sci, Exeter EX4 4PT, Devon, England. CR BAUER D, 1983, ERGONOMIC ASPECTS VI, P137 BAUER D, 1987, WORK DISPLAY UNITS 8 BELDIE IP, 1983, HUM FACTORS, V25, P271 BING J, 1987, LAW LIBR J, V79, P187 BLAIR D, 1985, COMMUN ACM, V28, P288 BURKE DM, 1991, J MEM LANG, V30, P542, DOI 10.1016/0749-596X(91)90026-G Caplan D., 1993, AM J SPEECH-LANG PAT, V2, P59 CLAUER CK, 1977, HFC25 IBM HUM FACT C COLLEY AM, 1987, COGNITIVE APPROACHES, P113 COOK M, 1969, BRIT J SOC CLIN PSYC, V8, P13 Crowder R. G., 1992, PSYCHOL READING INTR CUSHMAN WH, 1986, HUM FACTORS, V28, P63 DALE R, 1996, P 1 AUSTR DOC COMP S, P47 DANIEL DB, 1987, REDING COMPUTERS ISS, P24 DEBRUIJN D, 1992, BEHAV INFORM TECHNOL, V11, P71 DILLON A, 1992, ERGONOMICS, V35, P1297, DOI 10.1080/00140139208967394 EGAN DE, 1989, ACM T INFORM SYST, V7, P30, DOI 10.1145/64789.64790 Egan D.E., 1989, P COMP HUM INT C CHI, P205, DOI 10.1145/67449.67490 FISHER DL, 1989, HUM FACTORS, V31, P17 GOULD JD, 1984, HUM FACTORS, V26, P323 HARPSTER JL, 1989, HUM FACTORS, V31, P247 HARRIS VM, 1997, SPEECH LANGUAGE PATH, V7, P9 JUOLA JF, 1982, J EXP PSYCHOL GEN, V111, P208, DOI 10.1037/0096-3445.111.2.208 Kak A. V., 1981, Proceedings of the Human Factors Society 25th Annual Meeting KEMPER S, 1987, J GERONTOL, V42, P323 Kempler D., 1994, DEMENTIA NORMAL AGIN, P331 KINTSCH W, 1973, COGNITIVE PSYCHOL, V5, P257, DOI 10.1016/0010-0285(73)90036-4 KOLERS PA, 1981, HUM FACTORS, V23, P517 LAANSDALE M, 1988, APPL ERGON, V19, P55 LAAR D, 1988, PEOPLE COMPUTES, V4, P373 LUNN R, 1986, HUM FACTORS, V28, P457 MARCHIONINI G, 1989, J AM SOC INFORM SCI, V40, P54, DOI 10.1002/(SICI)1097-4571(198901)40:1<54::AID-ASI6>3.0.CO;2-R MCNIGHT C, 1989, HYPERMEDIA, V1, P166 MILLS CB, 1987, ACM COMPUT SURV, V19, P329, DOI 10.1145/45075.46162 KANG TJ, 1989, BEHAV INFORM TECHNOL, V8, P33 MUTER P, 1991, BEHAV INFORM TECHNOL, V10, P257 Muter P., 1996, COGNITIVE ASPECTS EL, P161 NAS G, 1988, HUMAN COMPUTER INTER, P125 NES F, 1986, BEHAV INFORMATION TE, V5, P99 Preece J., 1994, HUMAN COMPUTER INTER RUDNICKY AI, 1984, J EXP PSYCHOL HUMAN, V10, P231, DOI 10.1037//0096-1523.10.2.231 SAVOY J, 1994, ARTIF INTELL, V2, P205, DOI 10.1007/BF00871890 SCHWARZ E, 1983, HUM FACTORS, V25, P279 Shneiderman B, 1987, DESIGNING USER INTER Singh S, 1998, J COMMUN, V48, P86 STEELE RD, 1989, NEUROPSYCHOLOGIA, V27, P409, DOI 10.1016/0028-3932(89)90048-1 Stroop JR, 1935, J EXP PSYCHOL, V18, P643, DOI 10.1037/0096-3445.121.1.15 SWINNEY DA, 1979, J VERB LEARN VERB BE, V18, P645, DOI 10.1016/S0022-5371(79)90355-4 TOMBAUGH J, 1987, INT J MAN MACH STUD, V26, P597, DOI 10.1016/S0020-7373(87)80073-1 Tullis T., 1988, HDB HUMAN COMPUTER I TULVING E, 1963, J EXP PSYCHOL, V66, P319, DOI 10.1037/h0048802 VARTABED.AG, 1971, HUM FACTORS, V13, P363 Weinrich M, 1997, BRAIN LANG, V58, P23, DOI 10.1006/brln.1997.1757 Weinrich M, 1997, BRAIN LANG, V58, P327, DOI 10.1006/brln.1997.1759 WEINRICH M, 1989, BRAIN LANG, V36, P391, DOI 10.1016/0093-934X(89)90075-8 WILKINS A, 1986, HUM FACTORS, V28, P75 WILKINS AJ, 1987, ERGONOMICS, V30, P1705, DOI 10.1080/00140138708966059 WILKINSON RT, 1987, BEHAV INFORM TECHNOL, V6, P125 WRIGHT P, 1984, VISIBLE LANG, V18, P186 YANKELOVICH N, 1985, IEEE COMPUT, V18, P15 NR 60 TC 14 Z9 14 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD PI LONDON PA 11 NEW FETTER LANE, LONDON EC4P 4EE, ENGLAND SN 0268-7038 J9 APHASIOLOGY JI Aphasiology PD FEB PY 2000 VL 14 IS 2 BP 157 EP 177 DI 10.1080/026870300401531 PG 21 WC Clinical Neurology SC Neurosciences & Neurology GA 289DB UT WOS:000085604300004 ER PT J AU Haley, KL Ohde, RN Wertz, RT AF Haley, KL Ohde, RN Wertz, RT TI Single word intelligibility in aphasia and apraxia of speech: A phonetic error analysis SO APHASIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID VOICE-ONSET TIME; VOWEL PRODUCTION; SPECTRAL CHARACTERISTICS; ACOUSTIC ANALYSIS; STOP CONSONANTS; VELAR MOVEMENTS; PATTERNS; ARTICULATION; DYSARTHRIA; INVARIANCE AB This study examined the phonetic differences between word productions attempted by aphasic speakers and listeners' perceptions of these productions. Ten speakers with aphasia and apraxia of speech, ten with aphasia only and ten normal speakers produced 70 monosyllabic words. Listeners orthographically transcribed the words they thought the speakers were saying. The target and transcribed words were compared and phonetic differences noted. There was no significant difference in the frequency of target-transcription discrepancies between vowels and consonants or between consonants in prevocalic and postvocalic position for any of the speaker groups. In addition to a greater number of errors, the phonetic error profiles of aphasic speakers with and without apraxia of speech were different from that of normal speakers. Among apraxic speakers, different error patterns were found in speakers with high overall intelligibility than in speakers with low to moderate overall intelligibility. The frequency of errors affecting place of articulation for stops and nasals was highly correlated with overall speech intelligibility. Other common phonetic confusions for the apraxic speakers included confusions between singleton and consonant clusters, and between presence and absence of word initial /h/. There was substantial individual variability across apraxic speakers for several other phonetic contrasts. C1 Univ N Carolina, Div Speech & Hearing Sci, Dept Allied Hlth Sci, Sch Med, Chapel Hill, NC 27599 USA. Vanderbilt Univ, Med Ctr, Dept Speech & Hearing Sci, Vanderbilt Bill Wilkerson Ctr Otolaryngol & Commu, Nashville, TN 37240 USA. Nashville Vet Adm Med Ctr, Nashville, TN USA. RP Haley, KL (reprint author), Univ N Carolina, Div Speech & Hearing Sci, Dept Allied Hlth Sci, Sch Med, Med Sch Wing D,CB 7190, Chapel Hill, NC 27599 USA. CR ANSEL BM, 1992, J SPEECH HEAR RES, V35, P296 BAUM SR, 1993, BRAIN LANG, V44, P414, DOI 10.1006/brln.1993.1025 BLUMSTEIN SE, 1977, NEUROPSYCHOLOGIA, V15, P371, DOI 10.1016/0028-3932(77)90089-6 BLUMSTEIN SE, 1979, J ACOUST SOC AM, V66, P1001, DOI 10.1121/1.383319 BLUMSTEIN SE, 1980, J ACOUST SOC AM, V67, P648, DOI 10.1121/1.383890 BLUMSTEIN SE, 1980, BRAIN LANG, V9, P153, DOI 10.1016/0093-934X(80)90137-6 TROST JE, 1974, BRAIN LANG, V1, P63, DOI 10.1016/0093-934X(74)90026-1 CANTER GJ, 1985, BRAIN LANG, V24, P204, DOI 10.1016/0093-934X(85)90131-2 DUNLOP JM, 1977, CORTEX, V13, P17 FREEMAN FJ, 1978, BRAIN LANG, V6, P106, DOI 10.1016/0093-934X(78)90048-2 GANDOUR J, 1984, BRAIN LANG, V23, P206, DOI 10.1016/0093-934X(84)90064-6 GANDOUR J, 1992, APHASIOLOGY, V6, P535, DOI 10.1080/02687039208249490 HALEY KL, 1997, AM SPEECH LANGUAGE H Haley KL, 1998, APHASIOLOGY, V12, P715, DOI 10.1080/02687039808249568 HARDCASTLE WJ, 1987, PHONETIC APPROACHES ITOH M, 1983, BRAIN LANG, V19, P283, DOI 10.1016/0093-934X(83)90071-8 ITOH M, 1979, BRAIN LANG, V7, P227, DOI 10.1016/0093-934X(79)90019-1 ITOH M, 1980, BRAIN LANG, V11, P66, DOI 10.1016/0093-934X(80)90110-8 JOHNS DF, 1970, J SPEECH HEAR RES, V13, P556 KENT RD, 1983, J SPEECH HEAR RES, V26, P231 KENT RD, 1990, J SPEECH HEAR DISORD, V55, P721 KENT RD, 1989, J SPEECH HEAR DISORD, V54, P482 Kertesz A., 1982, W APHASIA BATTERY KLICH RJ, 1979, CORTEX, V15, P451 KUROWSKI K, 1984, J ACOUST SOC AM, V76, P384 LAPOINTE LL, 1975, J COMMUN DISORD, V8, P259, DOI 10.1016/0021-9924(75)90018-0 McNeil MR, 1997, CLIN MANAGEMENT SENS, P311 MCNEIL MR, 1990, BRAIN LANG, V38, P135, DOI 10.1016/0093-934X(90)90106-Q MCNEIL MR, 1989, CLIN APHASIOLOGY, V17, P173 MONOI H, 1983, BRAIN LANG, V20, P174 ODELL K, 1991, J SPEECH HEAR RES, V34, P67 OHIDE RN, 1992, PHONETIC ANAL NORMAL Oller D K, 1975, Phonetica, V31, P288 PISONI DB, 1973, PERCEPT PSYCHOPHYS, V13, P253, DOI 10.3758/BF03214136 Ryalls J., 1987, PHONETIC APPROACHES RYALLS JH, 1986, BRAIN LANG, V29, P48, DOI 10.1016/0093-934X(86)90033-7 Shankweiler D., 1966, CORTEX, V2, P277 SHINN P, 1983, BRAIN LANG, V20, P90, DOI 10.1016/0093-934X(83)90035-4 TULLER B, 1984, NEUROPSYCHOLOGIA, V22, P547, DOI 10.1016/0028-3932(84)90019-8 Wertz RT, 1984, APRAXIA SPEECH ADULT YORKSTON KM, 1980, J COMMUN DISORD, V13, P15, DOI 10.1016/0021-9924(80)90018-0 ZIEGLER W, 1989, APHASIOLOGY, V3, P449, DOI 10.1080/02687038908249006 NR 42 TC 6 Z9 6 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD PI LONDON PA 11 NEW FETTER LANE, LONDON EC4P 4EE, ENGLAND SN 0268-7038 J9 APHASIOLOGY JI Aphasiology PD FEB PY 2000 VL 14 IS 2 BP 179 EP 201 PG 23 WC Clinical Neurology SC Neurosciences & Neurology GA 289DB UT WOS:000085604300005 ER PT J AU Leiwo, M Klippi, A AF Leiwo, M Klippi, A TI Lexical repetition as a communicative strategy in Broca's aphasia SO APHASIOLOGY LA English DT Article AB This study examines the lexical self- and other repetition and the strategic use of repetition by two aphasic speakers (J and M) with agrammatic and severe word-finding difficulties in group discussions. Whereas the speakers' aphasia profiles were rather similar, as defined by clinical testing (Western Aphasia Battery), their use of lexical repetition as a communicative strategy was significantly different. One speaker (speaker M) had more contextually supported words, especially other-repetitions. M sometimes repeated her own lexical elements and elaborated the repetitions morphologically and prosodically and expanded them syntactically. These elaborated and expanded repetitions were attempts at communicative clarity and grammatical acceptability. After encountering problems in production, speaker M used self-and other-repetition both in affective confirmations and in meaning negotiations. Speaker J, on the other hand, did not attempt to produce grammatical well-formed utterances, but relied on his interlocutors' interpretations of his turns. Speaker J did not elaborate or expand his one or two word utterances, but frequently repeated fillers and polite idiomatic phrases. He used more self-repetition, typically in confirmations, to express emotion and in turn keeping, and less other-repetition, which only occurred in negotiations to reach mutual understanding. The methods and results are discussed in the framework of the adaptation theory of agrammatism. We suggest that pathological and communicative repetitions form a continuum and that the study of strategic choices can contribute to the development of communicative speech therapy. C1 Univ Jyvaskyla, Finnish Dept, SF-40351 Jyvaskyla, Finland. Univ Helsinki, Dept Phonet & Logoped, SF-00100 Helsinki, Finland. RP Leiwo, M (reprint author), Univ Jyvaskyla, Finnish Dept, POB 35, SF-40351 Jyvaskyla, Finland. CR Ahlsen E, 1985, GOTHENBURG MONOGRAPH, V5 BLALYSTOK E, 1990, COMMUNICATION STRATE Brown Penelope, 1978, QUESTIONS POLITENESS, P56 CORDER SP, 1977, STRATEGIES INTERLANG, P15 GOODWIN C, 1992, ADV DISCOURSE PROCES, V31, P147 HEESCHEN C, 1988, APHASIOLOGY, V3, P299 HOFSTEDE BTM, 1994, BRAIN LANG, V46, P278, DOI 10.1006/brln.1994.1017 Karlsson Fred, 1987, FINNISH GRAMMAR Kean M. L, 1985, AGRAMMATISM Kertesz A., 1982, W APHASIA BATTERY Klippi A., 1996, STUDIA FENNICA LINGU, V6 KLIPPI A, 1990, APHASIOLOGY, V5, P373 KOLK H, 1990, APHASIOLOGY, V4, P221, DOI 10.1080/02687039008249075 Kolk H. H. J., 1985, AGRAMMATISM, P165 KOLK HHJ, 1985, COGNITIVE NEUROPSYCH, V2, P347, DOI 10.1080/02643298508252666 LEHTIHALMES M, 1986, W APHASIA BATTERY LEIWO M, 1994, APHASIOLOGY, V8, P467, DOI 10.1080/02687039408248671 Menn L., 1985, AGRAMMATISM, P1 PERSSON LB, 1995, CONNECTIONISM LANGUA, P106 SCHEGLOFF EA, 1977, LANGUAGE, V53, P361, DOI 10.2307/413107 SNOW C, 1978, SPEECH WALLESCH CW, 1990, APHASIOLOGY, V4, P133, DOI 10.1080/02687039008249066 NR 22 TC 7 Z9 7 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD PI LONDON PA 11 NEW FETTER LANE, LONDON EC4P 4EE, ENGLAND SN 0268-7038 J9 APHASIOLOGY JI Aphasiology PD FEB PY 2000 VL 14 IS 2 BP 203 EP 224 PG 22 WC Clinical Neurology SC Neurosciences & Neurology GA 289DB UT WOS:000085604300006 ER PT J AU Le Dorze, G Julien, M Genereux, S Larfeuil, C Navennec, C Laporte, D Champagne, C AF Le Dorze, G Julien, M Genereux, S Larfeuil, C Navennec, C Laporte, D Champagne, C TI The development of a procedure for the evaluation of communication occurring between residents in long-term care and their caregivers SO APHASIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID INTERVENTION AB An evaluation procedure was developed for describing communication occurring between residents and their caregivers in long-term care institutions, the MECQ-LTC. The procedure was based on previous work describing communication in long-term care (Le Dorze ef dl. 1994) and is divided into two major sections examining: (1) the frequency of use of various means of communication used by residents and caregivers; and (2) the number of communication acts realized by a resident. After extensive pre-tests, a content validity study was undertaken with speech-language therapists and other health professionals. A criterion validity study with 31 residents with aphasia (n = 15) or with dementia (n = 16) and 62 nurses relatively familiar with these residents, demonstrated significant correlations between the number of communication acts realized and another measure of functional communication, the REFCP-interaction analysis (Wirz el al. 1990). Inter-judge and intra-judge reliability was sufficient and satisfactory. An evaluation of the MECQ-LTC's sensitivity pointed out differences in communication impairment associated with aphasia and dementia. The results of this psychometric study are discussed in terms of further research and in terms of clinical uses. C1 Univ Montreal, Ecole Orthophonie & Audiol, Montreal, PQ H3C 3J7, Canada. Ctr Hebergement & Soins Longue Duree Jacques Vige, Montreal, PQ, Canada. RP Le Dorze, G (reprint author), Univ Montreal, Ecole Orthophonie & Audiol, CP 6128,Succ Ctr Ville, Montreal, PQ H3C 3J7, Canada. RI Le Dorze, Guylaine/A-1790-2014 CR BLOMERT L, 1994, APHASIOLOGY, V8, P381, DOI 10.1080/02687039408248666 CLARK LW, 1995, TOP LANG DISORD, V15, P47 DANIEL WW, 1995, BIOSTATISTICS FDN AN ERBER NP, 1994, EUR J DISORDER COMM, V29, P269 Frattali C. M., 1995, FUNCTIONAL ASSESSMEN HALLBERG IR, 1990, J ADV NURS, V15, P410, DOI 10.1111/j.1365-2648.1990.tb01833.x HOLLAND A, 1980, COMMUICATIVE ABILITI JORDAN FM, 1993, EUR J DISORDER COMM, V28, P63 KAAKINEN J, 1995, TOP LANG DISORD, V15, P36 Kagan A, 1995, TOP STROKE REHABIL, V2, P15 KOURY LN, 1991, DEMENTIA COMMUNICATI, P279 LEDORZE G, 1994, EUR J DISORDER COMM, V29, P241 LOMAS J, 1989, J SPEECH HEAR DISORD, V54, P113 Lubinski R, 1993, ASHA, V35, P59 LUBINSKI R, 1988, COMMUNICATION BEHAV, P294 LUBINSKI R, 1991, DEMENTIA COMMUNICATI, P257 LUBINSKI R, 1981, J SPEECH HEAR DISORD, V46, P405 Mueller P B, 1981, ASHA, V23, P627 Nespoulous J, 1992, PROTOCOLE MONTREAL T PORCH BE, 1969, PORCH INDEX COMMUNIC Sarno MT, 1969, FUNCTIONAL COMMUNICA *STAT CAN, 1997, ANN CAN 1997, P82 Tully P, 1995, Health Rep, V7, P27 Wirz SL, 1990, REVISED EDINBURGH FU NR 24 TC 8 Z9 8 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD PI LONDON PA ONE GUNPOWDER SQUARE, LONDON EC4A 3DE, ENGLAND SN 0268-7038 J9 APHASIOLOGY JI Aphasiology PD JAN PY 2000 VL 14 IS 1 BP 17 EP 51 PG 35 WC Clinical Neurology SC Neurosciences & Neurology GA 279LX UT WOS:000085046200003 ER PT J AU Martin, N Laine, M AF Martin, N Laine, M TI Effects of contextual priming on impaired word retrieval SO APHASIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID LEXICAL RETRIEVAL; NAMING DEFICITS; MATCHING TASKS; APHASIA; FACILITATION; MODELS AB We investigated the effects of contextual priming on picture naming in a severely anemic patient suffering from Wernicke's aphasia. The contextual priming method attempts to facilitate impaired lexical retrieval with massive repetition priming of target names, coupled with manipulation of relationships among pictures to-be-named (semantic, phonological and unrelated). We were interested in comparing our patient's results with those of a previously reported case whose underlying mechanisms of anemia were different (Laine and Martin 1996). Both case studies show similar contextual effects on naming error patterns, confirming that the present method has the potential of activating multiple lexical entries in aphasics. At the same time, the two patients show different contextual effects on their rates of correct responses. In particular, only the present case is facilitated by a phonologically related context in naming. The implication for treatment studies is that it: is useful to match priming treatments to the deficit that underlies word retrieval difficulty. C1 Temple Univ, Philadelphia, PA 19122 USA. Univ Turku, Turku, Finland. RP Martin, N (reprint author), Temple Univ, Philadelphia, PA 19122 USA. CR Arbuthnott KD, 1996, J EXP PSYCHOL GEN, V125, P261, DOI 10.1037//0096-3445.125.3.261 Baum SR, 1997, BRAIN LANG, V60, P347, DOI 10.1006/brln.1997.1829 DELL GS, 1986, PSYCHOL REV, V93, P283, DOI 10.1037//0033-295X.93.3.283 HOWARD D, 1985, BRAIN, V108, P817 HOWARD D, 1985, COGNITIVE NEUROPSYCH, V2, P49, DOI 10.1080/02643298508252861 LAINE M, 1997, BRAIN LANGUAGE Laine M., 1997, BOSTONIN NIMENTATEST Laine M, 1996, BRAIN LANG, V53, P283, DOI 10.1006/brln.1996.0050 Laine M., 1997, BOSTONIN DIAGNOSTINE Laine M, 1997, J CLIN EXP NEUROPSYC, V19, P126, DOI 10.1080/01688639708403842 LEDORZE G, 1994, APHASIOLOGY, V8, P127 LEVELT WJM, 1983, COGNITION, V14, P41, DOI 10.1016/0010-0277(83)90026-4 MARSHALL J, 1990, APHASIOLOGY, V4, P167, DOI 10.1080/02687039008249068 MARTIN N, 1989, J MEM LANG, V28, P462, DOI 10.1016/0749-596X(89)90022-3 MARTIN N, 1998, APHASIOLOGY, V12, P299 MILBERG W, 1981, BRAIN LANG, V14, P371, DOI 10.1016/0093-934X(81)90086-9 Nettleton J., 1991, J NEUROLINGUIST, V6, P139, DOI 10.1016/0911-6044(91)90004-3 PATTERSON KE, 1983, APHASIA THERAPY, P76 PRING T, 1990, APHASIOLOGY, V4, P479, DOI 10.1080/02687039008248788 RAYMER AM, 1993, APHASIOLOGY, V7, P27, DOI 10.1080/02687039308249498 Siegel S., 1988, NONPARAMETRIC STAT B WIEGL E, 1961, Z PHONETIK SPRACHWIS, V14, P337 NR 22 TC 21 Z9 21 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD PI LONDON PA ONE GUNPOWDER SQUARE, LONDON EC4A 3DE, ENGLAND SN 0268-7038 J9 APHASIOLOGY JI Aphasiology PD JAN PY 2000 VL 14 IS 1 BP 53 EP 70 PG 18 WC Clinical Neurology SC Neurosciences & Neurology GA 279LX UT WOS:000085046200004 ER PT J AU Bucks, RS Singh, S Cuerden, JM Wilcock, GK AF Bucks, RS Singh, S Cuerden, JM Wilcock, GK TI Analysis of spontaneous, conversational speech in dementia of Alzheimer type: Evaluation of an objective technique for analysing lexical performance SO APHASIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID LANGUAGE FUNCTION; SENILE DEMENTIA; SEMANTIC MEMORY; INTERNATIONAL WORKSHOP; HUNTINGTONS-DISEASE; AD PATIENTS; EARLY-ONSET; APHASIA; IMPAIRMENT; DEFICITS AB Spontaneous, conversational speech in probable dementia of Alzheimer type (DAT) participants and healthy older controls was analysed using eight linguistic measures. These were evaluated for their usefulness in discriminating between healthy and demented individuals. The measures were; noun rate, pronoun rate, verb rate, adjective rate, clause-like semantic unit rate tall per 100 words), including three lexical richness measures; type token ratio (TTR), Brunet's Index (W) and Honore's statistic (R). Results suggest that these measures offer a sensitive method of assessing spontaneous speech output in DAT. Comparison between DAT and healthy older participants demonstrates that these measures discriminate well between these groups. This method shows promise as a diagnostic and prognostic tool, and as a measure for use in clinical trials. Further validation in a large sample of patient versus control 'norms' in addition to evaluation in other types of dementia is considered. C1 Blackberry Hill Hosp, Clin Res Ctr, Bristol BS16 2EW, Avon, England. Blackberry Hill Hosp, Mem Disorders Clin, Bristol BS16 2EW, Avon, England. Univ Exeter, Dept Comp Sci, Exeter EX4 4PT, Devon, England. RP Bucks, RS (reprint author), Blackberry Hill Hosp, Clin Res Ctr, Manor Rd, Bristol BS16 2EW, Avon, England. RI Bucks, Romola/B-9164-2011 OI Bucks, Romola/0000-0002-4207-4724 CR Alzheimer A., 1907, CENTRALBLATT NERVENH, V30, P177 American Psychiatric Association, 1987, DIAGN STAT MAN MENT American Psychiatric Association, 1994, DIAGN STAT MAN MENT, V4th ANDREASEN NJC, 1976, ARCH GEN PSYCHIAT, V33, P1361 APPELL J, 1982, BRAIN LANG, V17, P73, DOI 10.1016/0093-934X(82)90006-2 Barr A, 1996, J CLIN EXP NEUROPSYC, V18, P810, DOI 10.1080/01688639608408304 Bayles K. A., 1987, COMMUNICATION COGNIT BAYLES KA, 1982, BRAIN LANG, V16, P265, DOI 10.1016/0093-934X(82)90086-4 BAYLES KA, 1993, DEV NEUROPSYCHOL, V9, P131 BAYLES KA, 1991, ARCH NEUROL-CHICAGO, V48, P155 BAYLES KA, 1992, BRAIN LANG, V42, P455 BAYLES KA, 1989, DEV NEUROPSYCHOL, V5, P335 BECKER JT, 1988, ARCH NEUROL-CHICAGO, V45, P263 BINETTI G, 1993, DEMENTIA, V4, P321, DOI 10.1159/000107340 BLANKEN G, 1987, COGNITION, V27, P247, DOI 10.1016/S0010-0277(87)80011-2 BOLLER F, 1991, CORTEX, V27, P9 CHUI HC, 1985, NEUROLOGY, V35, P1544 CODE C, 1994, CORTEX, V30, P527 CROCKFORD C, 1994, EUR J DISORDER COMM, V29, P165 Croisile B, 1996, BRAIN LANG, V53, P1, DOI 10.1006/brln.1996.0033 CUMMINGS JL, 1985, NEUROLOGY, V29, P315 Dallal G. E., 1990, AM STAT, V44, P243, DOI 10.2307/2685347 DESANTI S, 1994, DISOURSE ANAL APPL S EASTERBROOK A, 1982, BRIT J DISORD COMMUN, V17, P93 FILLENBAUM S, 1961, LANG SPEECH, V4, P91 FILLY CM, 1986, ANN NEUROL, V23, P365 FOSTEIN MF, 1975, J PSYCHIATR RES, V12, P189 Fu L. M., 1994, NEURAL NETWORKS COMP FUNNELL E, 1992, COGNITIVE NEUROPSYCH, V9, P135, DOI 10.1080/02643299208252056 Garrard P, 1998, BRAIN, V121, P633, DOI 10.1093/brain/121.4.633 GOLDBLUM MC, 1994, DEMENTIA, V5, P334, DOI 10.1159/000106743 Goodglass H., 1964, CORTEX, V1, P133, DOI [10.1016/S0010-9452(64)80018-6, DOI 10.1016/S0010-9452(64)80018-6] GRADY CL, 1987, NEUROPSYCHOLOGIA, V25, P807, DOI 10.1016/0028-3932(87)90118-7 Grossman M, 1996, BRAIN LANG, V53, P369, DOI 10.1006/brln.1996.0054 HACHINSKI VC, 1975, ARCH NEUROL-CHICAGO, V32, P632 HENDERSON VW, 1994, NEUROLOGY, V44, P90 HIER DB, 1985, BRAIN LANG, V25, P117, DOI 10.1016/0093-934X(85)90124-5 HOCKEY S, 1988, OCP USERS MAWNUAL HODGES JR, 1991, BRAIN, V114, P1547, DOI 10.1093/brain/114.4.1547 HODGES JR, 1995, NEUROPSYCHOLOGIA, V33, P441, DOI 10.1016/0028-3932(94)00127-B HOLMES DI, 1992, J ROY STAT SOC A STA, V155, P91, DOI 10.2307/2982671 Holmes D. I., 1996, LIT LINGUISTIC COMPU, V11, P45 HOLMES DI, 1994, COMPUT HUMANITIES, V28, P87, DOI 10.1007/BF01830689 Honore A, 1979, ASS LIT LINGUISTIC C, V7, P172 Hutchinson J.M., 1980, LANGUAGE COMMUNICATI IRIGARAY L, 1973, LANGUAGE DEMENTS Johnson MK, 1997, NEUROPSYCHOLOGY, V11, P392, DOI 10.1037//0894-4105.11.3.392 JONES LV, 1963, LANG SPEECH, V6, P94 KEMPER S, 1997, J GERONTOLOGY B, V3, P147 KEMPLER D, 1991, DEMENTIA COMMUNICATI Kempler D., 1994, DEMENTIA NORMAL AGIN KEMPLER D, 1995, NEUROPSY NEUROPSY BE, V8, P33 KERTESZ A, 1986, CAN J NEUROL SCI, V13, P415 Koss E, 1996, NEUROLOGY, V46, P136 Lesser R., 1993, LINGUISTICS APHASIA MARTIN A, 1983, BRAIN LANG, V19, P124, DOI 10.1016/0093-934X(83)90059-7 MARTIN A, 1985, NEUROLOGY, V35, P394 Martin A, 1992, MEMORY FUNCTIONING D McKeith IG, 1996, NEUROLOGY, V47, P1113 MCKHANN G, 1984, NEUROLOGY, V34, P939 MICELI G, 1984, CORTEX, V20, P207 MOHS RC, 1986, CLIN MEMORY ASSESSME NEBES RD, 1989, CORTEX, V25, P305 NEBES RD, 1989, PSYCHOL BULL, V106, P377, DOI 10.1037//0033-2909.106.3.377 NEBES RD, 1994, HDB AGEING COGNITION NICHOLAS M, 1985, J SPEECH HEAR RES, V28, P405 Nicholas M, 1996, BRAIN LANG, V54, P184, DOI 10.1006/brln.1996.0070 Norusis MJ, 1997, SPSS WINDOWS ADV STA OBLER L, 1983, LANGUAGE FUNCTIONS B Obler L. K., 1981, ACQUIRED APHASIA Phillips LH, 1996, EUR J NEUROL, V3, P102, DOI 10.1111/j.1468-1331.1996.tb00200.x POST SG, 1994, ALZ DIS ASSOC DIS, V8, P58, DOI 10.1097/00002093-199400000-00007 PRINS RS, 1978, BRAIN LANG, V6, P192, DOI 10.1016/0093-934X(78)90058-5 RIPICH DN, 1991, BRAIN LANG, V40, P330, DOI 10.1016/0093-934X(91)90133-L RIPICH DN, 1995, NEUROLOGY, V45, P299 RIPICH DN, 1988, J SPEECH HEAR DISORD, V53, P8 Robinson KM, 1996, NEUROLOGY, V47, P178 ROMAN GC, 1993, NEUROLOGY, V43, P250 Romero B, 1996, DEMENTIA, V7, P35, DOI 10.1159/000106850 ROSSER A, 1994, J NEUROL NEUROSUR PS, V57, P1389, DOI 10.1136/jnnp.57.11.1389 SABAT SR, 1994, LANG COMMUN, V14, P331, DOI 10.1016/0271-5309(94)90025-6 SCHWARTZ MF, 1979, BRAIN LANG, V7, P277, DOI 10.1016/0093-934X(79)90024-5 SELNES OA, 1988, NEUROLOGY, V38, P1053 SELTZER B, 1983, ARCH NEUROL-CHICAGO, V40, P143 SEVUSH S, 1993, J NEUROPSYCH CLIN N, V5, P66 Singh S, 1997, APHASIOLOGY, V11, P829, DOI 10.1080/02687039708250459 SINGH S, 1995, P 3 INT C STAT AN TE, P355 Singh S., 1997, INT J APPL LINGUISTI, V7, P165, DOI 10.1111/j.1473-4192.1997.tb00113.x SINGH S, 1994, P 5 INT C SPEECH SCI, P486 Singh S., 1996, THESIS U W ENGLAND U SMITH S, 1995, BRAIN LANG, V49, P263, DOI 10.1006/brln.1995.1033 THOMPSON IM, 1987, INT J GERIATR PSYCH, V2, P145, DOI 10.1002/gps.930020304 Tippett LJ, 1996, CORTEX, V32, P143 ULATOWSKA H, 1991, DEMENTIA COMMUNICATI Ulatowska Hanna K., 1988, NEUROPSYCHOLOGICAL S, P108 NR 95 TC 20 Z9 22 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD PI LONDON PA ONE GUNPOWDER SQUARE, LONDON EC4A 3DE, ENGLAND SN 0268-7038 J9 APHASIOLOGY JI Aphasiology PD JAN PY 2000 VL 14 IS 1 BP 71 EP 91 PG 21 WC Clinical Neurology SC Neurosciences & Neurology GA 279LX UT WOS:000085046200005 ER PT J AU Armstrong, L MacDonald, A AF Armstrong, L MacDonald, A TI Aiding chronic written language expression difficulties: A case study SO APHASIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID APHASIA; PLATEAU AB This paper describes some progress made in helping a young aphasic man (MD) to overcome what had appeared to be intractable written language expression difficulties, which continued to be significant for him. Traditional therapy methods based on cognitive neuropsychological assessment had failed to help MD to generalize improvement in his spelling particularly, but not exclusively, of longer and irregular words. Both a splint which allowed him to use his dominant hand for writing directly onto a computer screen and a simple word-processing programme with synthesized auditory feedback and lexical and grammatical prediction (Write:OutLoud(R) and Co:Writer(R)) enabled him to produce more normal written output (increased quantity and more normal quality). The discussion also focuses on how effectiveness of language therapy can be measured in this man with chronic aphasia. C1 Queen Margaret Univ Coll, Dept Speech & Language Sci, Edinburgh EH12 8TS, Midlothian, Scotland. RP MacDonald, A (reprint author), Queen Margaret Univ Coll, Dept Speech & Language Sci, Clerwood Terrace, Edinburgh EH12 8TS, Midlothian, Scotland. CR BLUESTONE R, 1998, 8 INT APH REH C KWA BROWN JW, 1983, BRAIN LANG, V19, P204, DOI 10.1016/0093-934X(83)90065-2 Crerar MA, 1996, BRAIN LANG, V52, P229, DOI 10.1006/brln.1996.0010 ENDERBT P, 1995, DOES SPEECH LANGUAGE Hersh D, 1998, APHASIOLOGY, V12, P207, DOI 10.1080/02687039808249447 Kay J., 1992, PSYCHOLINGUISTIC ASS Kertesz A., 1982, W APHASIA BATTERY King J., 1995, AAC, V11, P187, DOI 10.1080/07434619512331277309 LEISCHNER A, 1983, BRAIN LANG, V18, P1, DOI 10.1016/0093-934X(83)90001-9 LORCH MP, 1995, APHASIOLOGY, V9, P257, DOI 10.1080/02687039508248199 MACDONALD A, 1998, SPEECH LANGUAGE THER, P15 Newell Alan F., 1992, AAC (Augmentative and Alternative Communication), V8, P304, DOI 10.1080/07434619212331276343 Parr S., 1997, TALKING APHASIA LIVI Pound C, 1998, APHASIOLOGY, V12, P222, DOI 10.1080/02687039808249449 Rostron A, 1996, EUR J DISORDER COMM, V31, P11 SASANUMA S, 1995, APHASIOLOGY, V9, P273, DOI 10.1080/02687039508248201 Waller A, 1998, INT J LANG COMM DIS, V33, P45 WERTZ RT, 1995, TREATMENT APHASIA TH, P309 WHURR R, 1991, APHASIOLOGY, V5, P411, DOI 10.1080/02687039108248543 WIIG EH, 1991, TEST WORD KNOWLEDGE Wood LA, 1997, AM J SPEECH-LANG PAT, V6, P57 NR 21 TC 4 Z9 4 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD PI LONDON PA ONE GUNPOWDER SQUARE, LONDON EC4A 3DE, ENGLAND SN 0268-7038 J9 APHASIOLOGY JI Aphasiology PD JAN PY 2000 VL 14 IS 1 BP 93 EP 108 PG 16 WC Clinical Neurology SC Neurosciences & Neurology GA 279LX UT WOS:000085046200006 ER PT J AU Servaes, P Draper, B Conroy, P Bowring, G AF Servaes, P Draper, B Conroy, P Bowring, G TI Informal carers of aphasic stroke patients: stresses and interventions SO APHASIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID SUPPORT FAMILY CAREGIVERS; SPOUSES; IMPACT; ADJUSTMENT; RELATIVES; EFFICACY; MODEL C1 Tilburg Univ, Tilburg, Netherlands. Univ New S Wales, Prince Henry Hosp, Sydney, NSW, Australia. Sutherland Hosp, Rehabil Unit, Taren Point, NSW 2229, Australia. Univ New S Wales, St Georges Hosp, Sydney, NSW, Australia. RP Conroy, P (reprint author), Tilburg Univ, Tilburg, Netherlands. CR ANDERSON CS, 1995, STROKE, V26, P843 Artes R., 1976, RECOVERY APHASICS, P383 BARDACH JL, 1969, INT J GROUP PSYCHOTH, V19, P361 BEASLEY DD, 1981, AGEING COMMUNICATION, P229 BORENSTEIN P, 1987, SCAND J REHABIL MED, V19, P51 Bowling J. H., 1977, AUSTR J HUMAN COMMUN, V5, P29 BROCKLEHURST JC, 1981, SOC SCI MED-MED SOC, V15, P35, DOI 10.1016/0271-7123(81)90043-2 BRODATY H, 1994, INT J GERIATR PSYCH, V9, P195, DOI 10.1002/gps.930090304 CARNWATH TCM, 1987, BRIT MED J, V294, P409 CHRISTENSEN JM, 1989, J COMMUN DISORD, V22, P225, DOI 10.1016/0021-9924(89)90018-X DERMAN S, 1967, J AM SPEECH HEARING, V9, P175 DRAPER BM, 1992, J AM GERIATR SOC, V40, P896 EVANS RL, 1988, STROKE, V19, P1243 GOODKIN R, 1973, MODIFICATION LANGUAG, P218 GREVESON GC, 1991, AGE AGEING, V20, P337, DOI 10.1093/ageing/20.5.337 HELMICK JW, 1976, J SPEECH HEAR DISORD, V41, P238 KINSELLA GJ, 1979, SCAND J REHABIL MED, V11, P129 KNIGHT BG, 1993, GERONTOLOGIST, V33, P240 LEDORZE G, 1995, APHASIOLOGY, V9, P239 Linebaugh C. W., 1978, CLIN APHASIOLOGY C P, P304 LOVETT S, 1988, BEHAV THER, V19, P321, DOI 10.1016/S0005-7894(88)80005-4 MALONE RL, 1970, BRIT J DISORD COMMUN, V5, P174 MALONE RL, 1969, J SPEECH HEAR DISORD, V34, P146 MEIJER RP, 1995, HUISARTS WETENSCHAP, V38, P255 Mittelman MS, 1996, JAMA-J AM MED ASSOC, V276, P1725, DOI 10.1001/jama.276.21.1725 Mykyta L J, 1976, Age Ageing, V5, P87, DOI 10.1093/ageing/5.2.87 Rau M. T., 1991, FAMILY CARE GIVING C, P129 Rice B, 1987, APHASIOLOGY, V1, P247, DOI 10.1080/02687038708248841 ROBINSON KM, 1988, ADV NURS SCI, V10, P59 ROSS S, 1988, INT J REHABIL RES, V11, P383, DOI 10.1097/00004356-198812000-00008 SCHULZ R, 1988, PSYCHOL AGING, V3, P131, DOI 10.1037//0882-7974.3.2.131 Schure L M, 1992, Tijdschr Gerontol Geriatr, V23, P141 TOSELAND RW, 1989, GERONTOLOGIST, V29, P465 TOSELAND RW, 1989, GERONTOLOGIST, V29, P438 TOSELAND RW, 1990, SOC WORK, V35, P209 TOSELAND RW, 1990, PSYCHOL AGING, V5, P256, DOI 10.1037/0882-7974.5.2.256 WADE DT, 1986, J NEUROL NEUROSUR PS, V49, P11, DOI 10.1136/jnnp.49.1.11 WEBSTER EJ, 1977, J AM SPEECH HEARING, V19, P244 WEBSTER EJ, 1991, FAMILY CARE GIVING C, P129 WHITLATCH CJ, 1991, GERONTOLOGIST, V31, P9 WILLIAMS SE, 1993, ARCH PHYS MED REHAB, V74, P361 WILLIAMS SE, 1986, ARCH PHYS MED REHAB, V67, P250 World Health Organization, 1996, INV HLTH RES DEV ZARIT SH, 1987, PSYCHOL AGING, V2, P225 ZRAICK RI, 1991, J SPEECH HEAR RES, V34, P123 NR 45 TC 21 Z9 21 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD PI LONDON PA ONE GUNPOWDER SQUARE, LONDON EC4A 3DE, ENGLAND SN 0268-7038 J9 APHASIOLOGY JI Aphasiology PD DEC PY 1999 VL 13 IS 12 BP 889 EP 900 PG 12 WC Clinical Neurology SC Neurosciences & Neurology GA 267CX UT WOS:000084338400001 ER PT J AU Cant, R AF Cant, R TI Aphasic stroke support - a route forward? SO APHASIOLOGY LA English DT Article C1 Univ Oxford Christ Church, Dept Appl Social Sci, Canterbury CT1 1QU, Kent, England. RP Cant, R (reprint author), Univ Oxford Christ Church, Dept Appl Social Sci, Canterbury CT1 1QU, Kent, England. NR 0 TC 1 Z9 1 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD PI LONDON PA ONE GUNPOWDER SQUARE, LONDON EC4A 3DE, ENGLAND SN 0268-7038 J9 APHASIOLOGY JI Aphasiology PD DEC PY 1999 VL 13 IS 12 BP 900 EP 902 DI 10.1080/026870399401641 PG 3 WC Clinical Neurology SC Neurosciences & Neurology GA 267CX UT WOS:000084338400002 ER PT J AU Tompkins, CA Spencer, KA Schulz, R AF Tompkins, CA Spencer, KA Schulz, R TI Evaluating stresses and interventions for informal carers of aphasic adults: taking a broader perspective. A commentary on Servaes, Draper, Conroy, and Bowing (1999) SO APHASIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID CARDIOVASCULAR HEALTH; STROKE; CAREGIVERS; OUTCOMES; SUPPORT; PEOPLE C1 Univ Pittsburgh, Dept Commun Sci & Disorders, Pittsburgh, PA 15260 USA. Univ Pittsburgh, Ctr Social & Urban Res, Pittsburgh, PA 15260 USA. VA Pittsburgh Healthcare Syst, Aphasia Rehabil Res Lab & Clin, Pittsburgh, PA USA. Univ Pittsburgh, Dept Psychiat, Pittsburgh, PA 15260 USA. RP Tompkins, CA (reprint author), Univ Pittsburgh, Dept Commun Sci & Disorders, 4033 Forbes Tower, Pittsburgh, PA 15260 USA. CR ASTROM M, 1992, STROKE, V23, P527 Biegel D, 1991, FAMILY CAREGIVING CH Bookwala J, 1996, PSYCHOL AGING, V11, P582, DOI 10.1037//0882-7974.11.4.582 Bourgeois MS, 1996, INT J AGING HUM DEV, V43, P35, DOI 10.2190/AN6L-6QBQ-76G0-0N9A CASSILETH BR, 1984, NEW ENGL J MED, V311, P506, DOI 10.1056/NEJM198408233110805 Herrmann M, 1997, APHASIOLOGY, V11, P717, DOI 10.1080/02687039708249418 Hoen B, 1997, APHASIOLOGY, V11, P681, DOI 10.1080/02687039708249415 PARR S, 1994, APHASIOLOGY, V8, P457, DOI 10.1080/02687039408248670 SARNO MT, 1993, APHASIOLOGY, V7, P321, DOI 10.1080/02687039308249514 SCHULZ R, 1993, J GERONTOL, V48, P39 Schulz R, 1997, ANN BEHAV MED, V19, P110, DOI 10.1007/BF02883327 SCHULZ R, 1995, GERONTOLOGIST, V35, P771 SCHULZ R, 1988, PSYCHOL AGING, V3, P131, DOI 10.1037//0882-7974.3.2.131 SCHULZ R, 1987, J APPL SOC PSYCHOL, V17, P401, DOI 10.1111/j.1559-1816.1987.tb00321.x Schulzs R, 1990, J GERONTOL PSYCHOL S, V45, P181 Servaes P, 1999, APHASIOLOGY, V13, P889 Spencer KA, 1997, PSYCHOL BULL, V122, P132 SPENCER KA, 1992, THESIS U PITTSBURGH TOMPKINS CA, 1992, APHASIA TREATMENT CU TOMPKINS CA, 1988, J CONSULT CLIN PSYCH, V56, P502, DOI 10.1037//0022-006X.56.4.502 Tower RB, 1997, J GERONTOL B-PSYCHOL, V52, pS270 Vitaliano PP, 1997, ANN BEHAV MED, V19, P117, DOI 10.1007/BF02883328 Williamson GM, 1998, HEALTH PSYCHOL, V17, P152, DOI 10.1037//0278-6133.17.2.152 World Health Organization, 1980, INT CLASSIFICATION I NR 24 TC 0 Z9 0 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD PI LONDON PA ONE GUNPOWDER SQUARE, LONDON EC4A 3DE, ENGLAND SN 0268-7038 J9 APHASIOLOGY JI Aphasiology PD DEC PY 1999 VL 13 IS 12 BP 902 EP 907 PG 6 WC Clinical Neurology SC Neurosciences & Neurology GA 267CX UT WOS:000084338400003 ER PT J AU Oddy, M AF Oddy, M TI Carers and aphasia SO APHASIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID TRAUMATIC BRAIN INJURY; REHABILITATION; INTERVENTIONS C1 Ticehurst House Hosp, Brain Injury Rehabil Unit, Ticehurst TN5 7HU, E Sussex, England. Unsted Pk Hosp, Brain Injury Rehabil Unit, Ticehurst TN5 7HU, E Sussex, England. RP Oddy, M (reprint author), Ticehurst House Hosp, Brain Injury Rehabil Unit, Ticehurst TN5 7HU, E Sussex, England. CR Florian V, 1989, Brain Inj, V3, P219, DOI 10.3109/02699058909029637 FRANK RG, 1994, BRAIN INJURY, V8, P193, DOI 10.3109/02699059409150972 GLECKMAN AD, 1995, BRAIN INJURY, V9, P385, DOI 10.3109/02699059509005778 GOODKIN R, 1973, MODIFICATION LANGUAG, P218 KNIGHT BG, 1993, GERONTOLOGIST, V33, P240 Mittelman MS, 1996, JAMA-J AM MED ASSOC, V276, P1725, DOI 10.1001/jama.276.21.1725 PORTER JL, 1977, J AM SPEECH HEARING, V19, P244 ROSIN AJ, 1977, SCAND J REHABIL MED, V9, P1 Sandel ME, 1996, BRAIN INJURY, V10, P719, DOI 10.1080/026990596123981 Wood RL, 1997, BRAIN INJURY, V11, P491, DOI 10.1080/713802183 ZARIT SH, 1987, PSYCHOL AGING, V2, P225 NR 11 TC 1 Z9 1 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD PI LONDON PA ONE GUNPOWDER SQUARE, LONDON EC4A 3DE, ENGLAND SN 0268-7038 J9 APHASIOLOGY JI Aphasiology PD DEC PY 1999 VL 13 IS 12 BP 907 EP 911 DI 10.1080/026870399401669 PG 5 WC Clinical Neurology SC Neurosciences & Neurology GA 267CX UT WOS:000084338400004 ER PT J AU Wells, A AF Wells, A TI Family support systems: their role in aphasia SO APHASIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID LIFE C1 York Durham Aphasia Ctr, Stouffville, ON L4A 3N6, Canada. RP Wells, A (reprint author), York Durham Aphasia Ctr, 12184 9th Line S, Stouffville, ON L4A 3N6, Canada. CR Artes R., 1976, RECOVERY APHASICS, P383 GAILEY G, 1995, TOPICS STROKE REHABI, V2, P3 Gainotti G, 1997, APHASIOLOGY, V11, P635, DOI 10.1080/02687039708249412 GITTERMAN A, 1986, MUTUAL AID GROUPS LI KAGAN A, 1993, APHASIA TREATMENT WO Lyon JG, 1997, APHASIOLOGY, V11, P693, DOI 10.1080/02687039708249416 PATTERSON R, 1994, APHASIA NEW LIFE Rolland J. S., 1994, FAMILIES ILLNESS DIS Sarno MT, 1997, APHASIOLOGY, V11, P665, DOI 10.1080/02687039708249414 Walsh F., 1991, LIVING BEYOND LOSS WELLS A, 1995, TOPICS STROKE REHABI, V2, P3 NR 11 TC 7 Z9 7 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD PI LONDON PA ONE GUNPOWDER SQUARE, LONDON EC4A 3DE, ENGLAND SN 0268-7038 J9 APHASIOLOGY JI Aphasiology PD DEC PY 1999 VL 13 IS 12 BP 911 EP 914 DI 10.1080/026870399401678 PG 4 WC Clinical Neurology SC Neurosciences & Neurology GA 267CX UT WOS:000084338400005 ER PT J AU Pring, T AF Pring, T TI Who cares for carers SO APHASIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID STRESS; DEMENTIA; SPOUSES; BURDEN; PEOPLE C1 City Univ London, Dept Clin Commun Studies, London EC1V 0HB, England. RP Pring, T (reprint author), City Univ London, Dept Clin Commun Studies, London EC1V 0HB, England. CR ALLEN K, 1994, REHABIL PSYCHOL, V39, P29, DOI 10.1037//0090-5550.39.1.29 BECK AT, 1961, ARCH GEN PSYCHIAT, V4, P561 Bowling A, 1997, MEASURING HLTH REV Q Chwalisz K, 1996, REHABIL PSYCHOL, V41, P91, DOI 10.1037//0090-5550.41.2.91 CHWALISZ K, 1992, REHABIL PSYCHOL, V37, P188 Goldberg D. P., 1988, USERS GUIDE GEN HLTH HOOKER K, 1994, GERONTOLOGIST, V34, P386 Knight RG, 1997, J CLIN EXP NEUROPSYC, V19, P7, DOI 10.1080/01688639708403832 LAZARUS RS, 1993, PSYCHOSOM MED, V55, P234 MATSON N, 1994, BRIT J CLIN PSYCHOL, V33, P333 McKee KJ, 1997, BRIT J CLIN PSYCHOL, V36, P323 PEARLIN LI, 1990, GERONTOLOGIST, V30, P583 Servaes P, 1999, APHASIOLOGY, V13, P889 NR 13 TC 4 Z9 4 PU PSYCHOLOGY PRESS PI HOVE PA 27 CHURCH RD, HOVE BN3 2FA, EAST SUSSEX, ENGLAND SN 0268-7038 J9 APHASIOLOGY JI Aphasiology PD DEC PY 1999 VL 13 IS 12 BP 914 EP 917 DI 10.1080/026870399401687 PG 4 WC Clinical Neurology SC Neurosciences & Neurology GA 267CX UT WOS:000084338400006 ER PT J AU Herrmann, M Wallesch, CW AF Herrmann, M Wallesch, CW TI Caring for carers of aphasic stroke patients - Is this really state of the art? SO APHASIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID PSYCHOSOCIAL ADJUSTMENT; THERAPY; FAMILY C1 Univ Magdeburg, Div Neuropsychol & Behav Neurol, D-39106 Magdeburg, Germany. Univ Magdeburg, Dept Neurol, D-39106 Magdeburg, Germany. RP Herrmann, M (reprint author), Univ Magdeburg, Div Neuropsychol & Behav Neurol, D-39106 Magdeburg, Germany. RI Herrmann, Manfred/H-3931-2011 CR Artes R, 1976, RECOVERY APHASICS, P31 BROWN BB, 1969, BRIT J DISORD COMMUN, V4, P176 BRUMFITT S, 1983, APHASIA THERAPY, P89 BRUMFITT S, 1995, TREATMENT APHASIA TH, P18 Code C., 1992, CODE MULLER PROTOCOL CODE C, 1996, ASIA PACIFIC J SPEEC, V1, P91 HERRMANN M, 1989, APHASIOLOGY, V3, P513, DOI 10.1080/02687038908249019 Herrmann M, 1997, DISABIL REHABIL, V19, P6 Herrmann M, 1996, DISABIL REHABIL, V18, P509 Herrmann M, 1997, APHASIOLOGY, V11, P717, DOI 10.1080/02687039708249418 HERRMANN M, 1990, APHASIOLOGY, V4, P527, DOI 10.1080/02687039008248505 Herrmann M., 1993, LIVING APHASIA PSYCH, P187 Herrmann M, 1995, TOP STROKE REHABIL, V2, P5 HERRMANN M, 1989, APHASIOLOGY, V3, P491, DOI 10.1080/02687038908249013 JOHANNSENHORBAC.H, 1993, APHASIA TREATMENT WO, P319 Johannsen-Horbach Helga, 1999, Seminars in Speech and Language, V20, P73, DOI 10.1055/s-2008-1064010 Kiresuk T, 1994, GOAL ATTAINMENT SCAL MALONE RL, 1969, J SPEECH HEAR DISORD, V34, P146 MULLER DJ, 1983, APHASIA THERAPY, P101 PIMENTAL PA, 1986, NURS CLIN N AM, V21, P321 RADERSTORF M, 1984, J REHABIL, V50, P23 SMITH DS, 1995, DISABIL REHABIL, V17, P15 Testa MA, 1996, NEW ENGL J MED, V334, P835, DOI 10.1056/NEJM199603283341306 WAHRBORG P, 1989, APHASIOLOGY, V3, P479, DOI 10.1080/02687038908249009 WAHRBORG P, 1990, APHASIOLOGY, V4, P371, DOI 10.1080/02687039008249089 WERTZ RT, 1995, TREATMENT APHASIA TH, P309 NR 26 TC 0 Z9 0 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD PI LONDON PA ONE GUNPOWDER SQUARE, LONDON EC4A 3DE, ENGLAND SN 0268-7038 J9 APHASIOLOGY JI Aphasiology PD DEC PY 1999 VL 13 IS 12 BP 918 EP 921 PG 4 WC Clinical Neurology SC Neurosciences & Neurology GA 267CX UT WOS:000084338400007 ER PT J AU Le Dorze, G Croteau, C Brassard, C Michallet, B AF Le Dorze, G Croteau, C Brassard, C Michallet, B TI Research considerations guiding interventions for families affected by aphasia SO APHASIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID PEOPLE C1 Univ Montreal, Montreal, PQ H3C 3J7, Canada. RP Le Dorze, G (reprint author), Univ Montreal, CP6128 Succ Ctr Ville, Montreal, PQ H3C 3J7, Canada. EM ledorze@med.umontreal.ca RI Le Dorze, Guylaine/A-1790-2014 CR Blomert L, 1995, TOP STROKE REHABIL, V2, P64 BOISCLAIRPAPILL.R, 1993, LIVING APHASIA PSYCH, P173 Boles L., 1997, ASIA PACIFIC J SPEEC, V2, P43 BOUGHER N, 1997, ICIDH ENV FACTORS IN, V9, P40 BRUMFITT S, 1993, APHASIOLOGY, V7, P569, DOI 10.1080/02687039308248631 Buck M., 1968, DYSPHASIA PROFESSION CROTEAU C, 1997, IT CLIN PHOMETICS LI, P36 Fiske V, 1991, J FAMILY PSYCHOL, V5, P4, DOI 10.1037/0893-3200.5.1.4 FOUGEYROLLAS P, 1995, DISABIL REHABIL, V17, P145 HELMICK JW, 1976, J SPEECH HEAR DISORD, V41, P238 HOLLAND AL, 1977, J SPEECH HEAR DISORD, V42, P307 Kagan A, 1995, TOP STROKE REHABIL, V2, P15 Kinsella G, 1978, MANAGEMENT APHASIA, P26 KVALE S, 1983, J PHENOMENOL PSYCHOL, V14, P171, DOI 10.1163/156916283X00090 LEDORZE G, 1995, APHASIOLOGY, V9, P239 LEDORZE G, 1995, APHASIE SELON PERSPE MULLER DJ, 1983, BRIT J DISORD COMMUN, V18, P23 PARR S, 1994, APHASIOLOGY, V8, P457, DOI 10.1080/02687039408248670 Parr S., 1997, TALKING APHASIA PERKINS L, 1995, EUR J DISORDER COMM, V30, P372 Radley A., 1994, MAKING SENSE ILLNESS Yin RK, 1994, CASE STUDY RES DESIG, V2nd NR 22 TC 4 Z9 4 PU PSYCHOLOGY PRESS PI HOVE PA 27 CHURCH RD, HOVE BN3 2FA, EAST SUSSEX, ENGLAND SN 0268-7038 J9 APHASIOLOGY JI Aphasiology PD DEC PY 1999 VL 13 IS 12 BP 922 EP 927 PG 6 WC Clinical Neurology SC Neurosciences & Neurology GA 267CX UT WOS:000084338400008 ER PT J AU Servaes, P Draper, B Conroy, P Bowring, G AF Servaes, P Draper, B Conroy, P Bowring, G TI Informal carers of aphasic stroke patients. A brief response SO APHASIOLOGY LA English DT Article C1 Sutherland Hosp, Rehabil Unit, Taren Point, NSW, Australia. RP Conroy, P (reprint author), Sutherland Hosp, Rehabil Unit, Locked Bag 21, Taren Point, NSW, Australia. NR 0 TC 1 Z9 1 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD PI LONDON PA ONE GUNPOWDER SQUARE, LONDON EC4A 3DE, ENGLAND SN 0268-7038 J9 APHASIOLOGY JI Aphasiology PD DEC PY 1999 VL 13 IS 12 BP 927 EP 928 PG 2 WC Clinical Neurology SC Neurosciences & Neurology GA 267CX UT WOS:000084338400009 ER PT J AU Kearns, KP AF Kearns, KP TI Qualitative research methods in aphasia: a welcome addition SO APHASIOLOGY LA English DT Article C1 Northeastern Univ, Dept Speech Language Pathol & Audiol, Boston, MA 02115 USA. RP Kearns, KP (reprint author), Northeastern Univ, Dept Speech Language Pathol & Audiol, 133 Forsyth, Boston, MA 02115 USA. CR BACHRACH AJ, 1972, PSYCHOL RES, P36 Campbell D. T., 1963, EXPT QUASIEXPERIMENT KEARNS KP, 1991, CLIN APHASIOLOGY Sidman M., 1960, TACTICS SCI RES THOMPSON CK, 1991, CLIN APHASIOLOGY NR 5 TC 3 Z9 3 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD PI LONDON PA ONE GUNPOWDER SQUARE, LONDON EC4A 3DE, ENGLAND SN 0268-7038 J9 APHASIOLOGY JI Aphasiology PD SEP-NOV PY 1999 VL 13 IS 9-11 BP 649 EP 650 DI 10.1080/026870399401759 PG 2 WC Clinical Neurology SC Neurosciences & Neurology GA 248MM UT WOS:000083279200002 ER PT J AU Damico, JS Simmons-Mackie, N Oelschlaeger, M Elman, R Armstrong, E AF Damico, JS Simmons-Mackie, N Oelschlaeger, M Elman, R Armstrong, E TI Qualitative methods in aphasia research: basic issues SO APHASIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID CONVERSATION; STRATEGIES; MODEL AB As clinical aphasiologists seek different ways to understand the complexity of aphasia within naturalistic and social contexts, there is an increasing need to provide background information on various research paradigms not widely used in the field. Consistent with recent calls for qualitative research in clinical aphasiology, this article provides information on the rationale, design characteristics, strengths and weaknesses of this research paradigm and its usefulness in clinical aphasiology. C1 Univ SW Louisiana, Doris B Hawthorne Ctr, Lafayette, LA 70504 USA. SE Louisiana Univ, Hammond, LA 70402 USA. No Arizona Univ, Flagstaff, AZ 86011 USA. Aphasia Ctr Calif, Oakland, CA USA. Univ Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia. RP Damico, JS (reprint author), Univ SW Louisiana, Doris B Hawthorne Ctr, POB 43170, Lafayette, LA 70504 USA. CR Agar M., 1986, SPEAKING ETHNOGRAPHY Bateson G, 1972, STEPS ECOLOGY MIND BLOOM L, 1971, LANGUAGE DEV FORM FU BROWN R, 1973, 4 LANGUAGE Bruner J. S., 1975, J CHILD LANG, V2, P1, DOI 10.1017/S0305000900000866 Bryman A., 1988, QUANTITY QUALITY SOC Campbell D. T., 1966, EXPT QUASI EXPERIMEN Creswell JW, 1998, QUALITATIVE INQUIRY Damico JS, 1995, CLIN APHASIOL, V23, P83 DARLEY FL, 1991, CLIN APHASIOLOGY, V19, P9 Denzin N, 1994, HDB QUALITATIVE RES Denzin N. K, 1989, INTERPRETIVE INTERAC Denzin N. K., 1970, RES ACT SOCIOLOGY DURANTI Alessandro, 1992, RETHINKING CONTEXT L Eisner E. W, 1991, ENLIGHTENED EYE QUAL Elman RJ, 1995, CLIN APHASIOL, V23, P77 Ferguson A, 1996, CLIN LINGUIST PHONET, V10, P55, DOI 10.3109/02699209608985161 Fielding Jane L., 1986, LINKING DATA FIELDING NG, 1988, ACTIONS STRUCTURE FLICK U, 1992, J THEOR SOC BEHAV, V22, P175, DOI 10.1111/j.1468-5914.1992.tb00215.x Garfinkel H., 1967, STUDIES ETHNOMETHOLO Geertz C., 1973, INTERPRETATION CULTU Glaser B., 1967, DISCOVERY GROUNDED T Goffman E, 1959, PRESENTATION SELF EV Goodwin C., 1981, CONVERSATIONAL ORG I GOODWIN C, 1995, RES LANG SOC INTERAC, V28, P233, DOI 10.1207/s15327973rlsi2803_4 Guba E. G., 1994, HDB QUALITATIVE RES, P105 Hammersley M., 1992, WHATS WRONG ETHNOGRA Hammersley M., 1983, ETHNOGRAPHY PRINCIPL Harre R., 1980, SOCIAL BEING THEORY Heritage John, 1984, GARFINKEL ETHNOMETHO HOLLAND A, 1994, AM J SPEECH-LANG PAT, V3, P34 HOLLAND AL, 1982, J SPEECH HEAR DISORD, V47, P50 Holland A., 1980, COMMUNICATIVE ABILIT JACKSON JH, 1874, NATURE DUALITY BRAIN Janesick VJ, 1994, HDB QUALITATIVE RES, P209 Kearns K. P., 1991, CLIN APHASIOLOGY, V19, P31 KERK J, 1986, RELIABILITY VALIDITY Kerlinger F. N., 1973, FDN BEHAV RES KLIPPI A, 1991, APHASIOLOGY, V5, P373, DOI 10.1080/02687039108248538 LEDORZE G, 1995, APHASIOLOGY, V9, P239 Levi-Strauss C., 1966, SAVAGE MIND Lincoln Y. S., 1985, NATURALISTIC INQUIRY Luria AR, 1970, TRAUMATIC APHASIA Lynd Robert, 1929, MIDDLETOWN STUDY MOD Lyon J, 1992, AM J SPEECH-LANG PAT, V1, P7 Malinowski B, 1922, ARGONAUTS W PACIFIC Maxwell J., 1996, QUALITATIVE RES DESI Meehl PE, 1954, CLIN STAT PREDICTION MILROY L, 1992, CLIN LINGUIST PHONET, V6, P27, DOI 10.3109/02699209208985517 MOUSTAKIS C, 1990, HEURISTIC RES DESIGN Nelson C., 1992, CULTURAL STUDIES, P1 Oelschlaeger ML, 1998, APHASIOLOGY, V12, P971, DOI 10.1080/02687039808249464 OXENHAM D, 1995, APHASIOLOGY, V9, P477, DOI 10.1080/02687039508248710 PARR S, 1994, APHASIOLOGY, V8, P457, DOI 10.1080/02687039408248670 PERKINS L, 1995, EUR J DISORDER COMM, V30, P372 Piaget J., 1974, LANGUAGE THOUGHT CHI PIKE KL, 1967, LANGUAGE RELATION UN Popper K. R., 1959, LOGIC SCI DISCOVERY Porch B. E., 1967, PORCH INDEX COMMUNIC Ragin CC, 1987, COMP METHOD MOVING Q Sacks H., 1992, LECT CONVERSATION, VI Sacks H., 1992, LECT CONVERSATION, VII SCHEGLOF.EA, 1968, AM ANTHROPOL, V70, P1075, DOI 10.1525/aa.1968.70.6.02a00030 SCHUELL H, 1965, DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOS Sidman M., 1960, TACTICS SCI RES SILVERMAN D, 1993, INTERPETING QUALITAT SimmonsMackie NN, 1997, APHASIOLOGY, V11, P761, DOI 10.1080/02687039708250455 SMITH NC, 1970, AM PSYCHOL, V25, P970, DOI 10.1037/h0029774 Spradley J., 1980, PARTICIPANT OBSERVAT TAYLOR M L, 1965, Arch Phys Med Rehabil, V46, P101 Thompson C. K., 1991, CLIN APHASIOLOGY, V19, P41 Veblen T., 1918, HIGHER LEARNING AM M Vidich A., 1994, HDB QUALITATIVE RES, P23 Weber M, 1949, METHODOLOGY SOCIAL S WERTZ RT, 1987, TOP LANG DISORD, V8, P1 Whyte W. F., 1943, STREET CORNER SOC SO WILKINSON R, 1995, CASE STUDIES CLIN LI, P277 Wolcott HF, 1994, TRANSFORMING QUALITA NR 79 TC 36 Z9 37 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD PI LONDON PA ONE GUNPOWDER SQUARE, LONDON EC4A 3DE, ENGLAND SN 0268-7038 J9 APHASIOLOGY JI Aphasiology PD SEP-NOV PY 1999 VL 13 IS 9-11 BP 651 EP 665 PG 15 WC Clinical Neurology SC Neurosciences & Neurology GA 248MM UT WOS:000083279200003 ER PT J AU Damico, JS Oelschlaeger, M Simmons-Mackie, N AF Damico, JS Oelschlaeger, M Simmons-Mackie, N TI Qualitative methods in aphasia research: conversation analysis SO APHASIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID SUPPORTED CONVERSATION; STRATEGIES; REPAIR; ADULTS AB The conversational behaviours of individuals with aphasia are becoming a more important consideration in clinical aphasiology. This is due to the increased focus on conversational dyads and conversational partners via supported conversation for adults with aphasia. This article provides an overview of a well-established analytic framework to investigate conversation in authentic settings. This framework, conversation analysis, is described according to its development and primary principles. Several examples of its application to clinical aphasiology are provided. C1 Univ SW Louisiana, Lafayette, LA 70504 USA. No Arizona Univ, Flagstaff, AZ 86011 USA. SE Louisiana Univ, Hammond, LA 70402 USA. RP Damico, JS (reprint author), Univ SW Louisiana, Lafayette, LA 70504 USA. CR Atkinson J. M., 1984, STRUCTURES SOCIAL AC Button Graham, 1987, TALK SOCIAL ORG COPELAND M, 1989, APHASIOLOGY, V3, P301, DOI 10.1080/02687038908249001 DURANTI Alessandro, 1992, RETHINKING CONTEXT L Ferguson A, 1996, CLIN LINGUIST PHONET, V10, P55, DOI 10.3109/02699209608985161 FERGUSON A, 1994, APHASIOLOGY, V8, P143, DOI 10.1080/02687039408248647 Garfinkel H, 1967, STUDIES ETHNOMETHODO GARFINKEL H, 1964, SOC PROBL, V11, P225, DOI 10.1525/sp.1964.11.3.03a00020 GARFINKEL H, 1960, BEHAV SCI, V5, P72 Goffman E, 1959, PRESENTATION SELF EV Goffman Erving, 1964, STIGMA NOTES MANAGEM GOODWIN C, 1987, SOC PSYCHOL QUART, V50, P115, DOI 10.2307/2786746 Goodwin C., 1981, CONVERSATIONAL ORG I GOODWIN C, 1990, ANNU REV ANTHROPOL, V19, P283, DOI 10.1146/annurev.an.19.100190.001435 Goodwin C, 1992, CONFLICT TALK SOCIOL, P85 Goodwin Charles, 1979, EVERYDAY LANGUAGE ST, P97 GOODWIN C, 1995, RES LANG SOC INTERAC, V28, P233, DOI 10.1207/s15327973rlsi2803_4 Heritage John, 1984, GARFINKEL ETHNOMETHO Holland AL, 1998, APHASIOLOGY, V12, P844, DOI 10.1080/02687039808249578 Jefferson G, 1973, SEMIOTICA, V9, P47, DOI 10.1515/semi.1973.9.1.47 Jefferson G., 1974, LANG SOC, V3, P181 Klippi A., 1996, STUDIA FENNICA LINGU, V6 KLIPPI A, 1991, APHASIOLOGY, V5, P373, DOI 10.1080/02687039108248538 LAAKSO M, 1997, STUDIA FENNICA LINGI, V8 MCDERMOTT RP, 1987, POWER DISCOURSE, P153 MILROY L, 1992, CLIN LINGUIST PHONET, V6, P27, DOI 10.3109/02699209208985517 Oelschlaeger ML, 1998, CLIN LINGUIST PHONET, V12, P459, DOI 10.3109/02699209808985238 Oelschlaeger ML, 1998, APHASIOLOGY, V12, P971, DOI 10.1080/02687039808249464 PARR S, 1994, APHASIOLOGY, V8, P457, DOI 10.1080/02687039408248670 PERKINS L, 1995, EUR J DISORDER COMM, V30, P372 Psathas G, 1995, CONVERSATION ANAL ST Sacks H., 1963, BERKELEY J SOCIOL, V8, P1 Sacks H., 1992, LECT CONVERSATION, VI Sacks H., 1992, LECT CONVERSATION, VII SACKS H, 1974, LANGUAGE, V50, P696, DOI 10.2307/412243 Sacks Harvey, 1972, STUDIES SOCIAL INTER, P31 Schegloff E. P. A., 1992, LECT CONVERSATION, V1, pix SCHEGLOFF EA, 1981, ANAL DISCOURSE TEXT, P77 SCHEGLOF.EA, 1968, AM ANTHROPOL, V70, P1075, DOI 10.1525/aa.1968.70.6.02a00030 SILVERMAN D, 1993, INTERPETING QUALITAT Simmons-Mackie N, 1998, APHASIOLOGY, V12, P831, DOI 10.1080/02687039808249576 SIMMONSMACKIE N, 1998, SOCIAL CONSTRUCTION Simmons-Mackie N. N., 1996, AM J SPEECH-LANG PAT, V5, P37 SimmonsMackie NN, 1997, APHASIOLOGY, V11, P761, DOI 10.1080/02687039708250455 WILKINSON R, 1995, THESIS U CENTRAL ENG Wilkinson R., 1995, CASE STUDIES CLIN LI, P271 NR 46 TC 35 Z9 36 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD PI LONDON PA ONE GUNPOWDER SQUARE, LONDON EC4A 3DE, ENGLAND SN 0268-7038 J9 APHASIOLOGY JI Aphasiology PD SEP-NOV PY 1999 VL 13 IS 9-11 BP 667 EP 679 PG 13 WC Clinical Neurology SC Neurosciences & Neurology GA 248MM UT WOS:000083279200004 ER PT J AU Simmons-Mackie, N Damico, JS AF Simmons-Mackie, N Damico, JS TI Qualitative methods in aphasia research: ethnography SO APHASIOLOGY LA English DT Article C1 SE Louisiana Univ, Dept Special Educ & Commun Sci & Disorders, Hammond, LA 70402 USA. Univ SW Louisiana, Lafayette, LA 70504 USA. RP Simmons-Mackie, N (reprint author), SE Louisiana Univ, Dept Special Educ & Commun Sci & Disorders, Hammond, LA 70402 USA. CR Agar M., 1986, SPEAKING ETHNOGRAPHY Atkinson P., 1990, ETHNOGRAPHIC IMAGINA Hammersley M., 1992, WHATS WRONG ETHNOGRA Hammersley M., 1983, ETHNOGRAPHY PRINCIPL KIRK JEROME, 1986, RELIABILITY VALIDITY Lincoln Y. S., 1985, NATURALISTIC INQUIRY Parr S., 1997, TALKING APHASIA SIMMONS N, 1993, ETHNOGRAPHIC INVESTI SIMMONSMACKIE N, 1996, ANN M AM SPEECH LANG SIMMONSMACKIE N, IN PRESS AM J SPEECH Spradley J., 1980, PARTICIPANT OBSERVAT Spradley J., 1979, ETHNOGRAPHIC INTERVI Strauss A., 1990, BASICS QUALITATIVE R WESTBY C., 1990, J CHILDHOOD COMMUNIC, V13, P101 NR 14 TC 18 Z9 19 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD PI LONDON PA ONE GUNPOWDER SQUARE, LONDON EC4A 3DE, ENGLAND SN 0268-7038 J9 APHASIOLOGY JI Aphasiology PD SEP-NOV PY 1999 VL 13 IS 9-11 BP 681 EP 687 PG 7 WC Clinical Neurology SC Neurosciences & Neurology GA 248MM UT WOS:000083279200005 ER PT J AU Lyon, JG AF Lyon, JG TI A commentary on qualitative research in aphasia SO APHASIOLOGY LA English DT Article C1 Living Aphasia Inc, Mazomanie, WI 53560 USA. RP Lyon, JG (reprint author), Living Aphasia Inc, 6344 Hillsandwood Rd, Mazomanie, WI 53560 USA. NR 0 TC 3 Z9 3 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD PI LONDON PA ONE GUNPOWDER SQUARE, LONDON EC4A 3DE, ENGLAND SN 0268-7038 J9 APHASIOLOGY JI Aphasiology PD SEP-NOV PY 1999 VL 13 IS 9-11 BP 689 EP 690 DI 10.1080/026870399401795 PG 2 WC Clinical Neurology SC Neurosciences & Neurology GA 248MM UT WOS:000083279200006 ER PT J AU Yorkston, KM Jaffe, KM Liao, SQ Polissar, NL AF Yorkston, KM Jaffe, KM Liao, SQ Polissar, NL TI Recovery of written language production in children with traumatic brain injury: outcomes at one year SO APHASIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID COHORT; DISCOURSE AB The purpose of this study is to determine if the pattern of deficits in written language production persists at one year after resolution post traumatic amnesia. Seventy-one children, aged 8 to 15 years, with mild, moderate and severe closed head injury were compared with controls who were individually matched on the premorbid characteristics of age, gender, school grade, behaviour and academic performance. For children with severe injury, deficits in written language persist at 1 year. Although the extent of the deficits lessens somewhat, the pattern of deficit at 1 month and 1 year are similar. C1 Univ Washington, Dept Rehabil Med, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. Univ Washington, Dept Biostat, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. RP Yorkston, KM (reprint author), Univ Washington, Dept Rehabil Med, Box 356490, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. CR Chapman S. B., 1997, AM J SPEECH-LANG PAT, V6, P66 Chapman S. B., 1997, AM J SPEECH-LANG PAT, V6, P50 CHAPMAN SB, 1996, DIAGNOSIS THERAPY PA, P41 CHAPMAN SB, 1992, BRAIN LANG, V43, P42, DOI 10.1016/0093-934X(92)90020-F COELHO CA, 1995, APHASIOLOGY, V9, P409, DOI 10.1080/02687039508248707 FAY GC, 1993, ARCH PHYS MED REHAB, V74, P895 FAY GC, 1994, ARCH PHYS MED REHAB, V75, P733 Hammill D. D., 1978, TEST WRITTEN LANGUAG JAFFE KM, 1995, ARCH PHYS MED REHAB, V76, P17, DOI 10.1016/S0003-9993(95)80037-9 JAFFE KM, 1993, ARCH PHYS MED REHAB, V74, P587, DOI 10.1016/0003-9993(93)90156-5 JAFFE KM, 1992, ARCH PHYS MED REHAB, V73, P540 JENNETT B, 1975, LANCET, V1, P480 Snedecor G. W., 1967, STAT METHODS Yorkston KM, 1997, ARCH PHYS MED REHAB, V78, P1096, DOI 10.1016/S0003-9993(97)90134-9 NR 14 TC 5 Z9 5 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD PI LONDON PA ONE GUNPOWDER SQUARE, LONDON EC4A 3DE, ENGLAND SN 0268-7038 J9 APHASIOLOGY JI Aphasiology PD SEP-NOV PY 1999 VL 13 IS 9-11 BP 691 EP 700 PG 10 WC Clinical Neurology SC Neurosciences & Neurology GA 248MM UT WOS:000083279200007 ER PT J AU Robin, DA Max, JE Stierwalt, JAG Guenzer, LC Lindgren, SD AF Robin, DA Max, JE Stierwalt, JAG Guenzer, LC Lindgren, SD TI Sustained attention in children and adolescents with traumatic brain injury SO APHASIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID CLOSED-HEAD INJURY AB We studied sustained attention in 64 subjects, 49 of whom had suffered a traumatic brain injury (TBI) and 15 who served as orthopedic controls. Subjects were required to respond to the appearance or disappearance of a star on a computer monitor, embedded in 250 stars. Results showed that subjects with TBI had lower accuracy than controls and a significant vigilance decrement. Severe TBI resulted in much greater attentional deficits, than mild injuries. C1 Univ Iowa, Dept Speech Pathol & Audiol, Natl Ctr Voice & Speech, Iowa City, IA 52242 USA. Univ Iowa, Dept Psychiat, Iowa City, IA 52242 USA. SW Missouri State Univ, Dept Commun Disorders, Springfield, MO 65802 USA. No Illinois Univ, De Kalb, IL 60115 USA. Univ Iowa, Dept Pediat, Iowa City, IA 52242 USA. RP Robin, DA (reprint author), Univ Iowa, Dept Speech Pathol & Audiol, Natl Ctr Voice & Speech, 120B WJSHC, Iowa City, IA 52242 USA. RI Robin, Donald/F-2109-2010 CR BLOSSER J, 1994, PEDIAT TRAUMATIC BRA LODGEMILLER KA, 1993, J MED SPEECH-LANG PA, V1, P133 LOKEN WJ, 1995, NEUROPSYCHOLOGY, V9, P592, DOI 10.1037//0894-4105.9.4.592 Lustig AP, 1998, J MED SPEECH-LANG PA, V6, P13 PARASURAMAN R, 1991, J CLIN EXP NEUROPSYC, V13, P789, DOI 10.1080/01688639108401090 RIMEL RW, 1981, NEUROSURGERY, V9, P221 Rizzo M, 1996, BRAIN, V119, P951, DOI 10.1093/brain/119.3.951 RIZZO M, 1990, NEUROLOGY, V40, P447 STIERWALT JAG, 1997, CLIN APH C JUN BIGF TEASDALE G, 1974, LANCET, V2, P81 TIMMERMANS SR, 1991, COGNITIVE REHABILITA, V9, P26 Veltman JC, 1996, NEUROPSYCHOLOGY, V10, P357 NR 12 TC 7 Z9 7 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD PI LONDON PA ONE GUNPOWDER SQUARE, LONDON EC4A 3DE, ENGLAND SN 0268-7038 J9 APHASIOLOGY JI Aphasiology PD SEP-NOV PY 1999 VL 13 IS 9-11 BP 701 EP 708 PG 8 WC Clinical Neurology SC Neurosciences & Neurology GA 248MM UT WOS:000083279200008 ER PT J AU Togher, L Hand, L AF Togher, L Hand, L TI The macrostructure of the interview: Are traumatic brain injury interactions structured differently to control interactions? SO APHASIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID HEAD-INJURY; DISCOURSE; POPULATION; ADULTS AB Previous descriptions of discourse deficits following traumatic brain injury (TBI) at a macrostructural level have used analyses such as cohesion and story structure. This paper proposes a macrolinguistic analysis called generic structure potential analysis (GSP) (Ventola 1979) which describes the overall structuring of the unfolding process of two types of interviews. Seven TBI subjects are compared with matched control subjects across two conditions: a community education information-giving encounter to two 16 year old school students and an information requesting interaction with the researcher. The possible GSP elements of these types of encounters include greeting, identification, approaches which enable interactants to establish interpersonal links, centring which directly relate to the purpose of the interviews, leave-taking and goodbye. The GSP of student interactions was similar for TBI and control subjects but differences were noted in the researcher condition. The value of placing TBI subjects in information giving roles and the importance of the communication partner's contributions to the interaction is highlighted. GSP analysis allows the clinician/researcher to analyse the interview context by taking the contextual configuration into account. It map provide a valuable clinical tool in the assessment and treatment of discourse deficits which commonly follow TBI. C1 Univ Sydney, Sch Commun Sci & Disorders, Fac Hlth Sci, Lidcombe, NSW 2141, Australia. Liverpool Area Hlth Serv, Brain Injury Rehabil Unit, Sydney, NSW, Australia. RP Togher, L (reprint author), Univ Sydney, Sch Commun Sci & Disorders, Fac Hlth Sci, POB 170, Lidcombe, NSW 2141, Australia. CR Adamovich B, 1992, SCALES COGNITIVE ABI BONDCHAPMAN S, 1995, J HEAD TRAUMA REHAB, V10, P36 CHAPMAN SB, 1992, BRAIN LANG, V43, P42, DOI 10.1016/0093-934X(92)90020-F COELHO CA, 1995, BRAIN INJURY, V9, P471, DOI 10.3109/02699059509008206 EGGINS S, 1990, THESIS U SYDNEY SYDN FLANAGAN S, 1995, BRAIN INJURY, V9, P321, DOI 10.3109/02699059509005773 Hartley LL., 1995, COGNITIVE COMMUNICAT JENNETT B, 1977, J NEUROL NEUROSUR PS, V40, P291, DOI 10.1136/jnnp.40.3.291 HARTLEY L L, 1991, Brain Injury, V5, P267, DOI 10.3109/02699059109008097 MARSH NV, 1991, J CLIN EXP NEUROPSYC, V13, P729, DOI 10.1080/01688639108401086 MENTIS M, 1987, J SPEECH HEAR RES, V30, P88 Perkins M. R., 1995, CASE STUDIES CLIN LI, P293 PRUTTING CA, 1987, J SPEECH HEAR DISORD, V52, P105 RUSSELL WR, 1961, ARCH NEUROL-CHICAGO, V5, P4 Szekeres Shirley F., 1992, Seminars in Speech and Language, V13, P293, DOI 10.1055/s-2008-1064204 Togher L, 1997, APHASIOLOGY, V11, P491, DOI 10.1080/02687039708248486 Togher L, 1997, BRAIN INJURY, V11, P169, DOI 10.1080/026990597123629 VENTOLA E, 1979, J PRAGMATICS, V3, P267, DOI 10.1016/0378-2166(79)90034-1 NR 18 TC 10 Z9 11 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD PI LONDON PA ONE GUNPOWDER SQUARE, LONDON EC4A 3DE, ENGLAND SN 0268-7038 J9 APHASIOLOGY JI Aphasiology PD SEP-NOV PY 1999 VL 13 IS 9-11 BP 709 EP 723 PG 15 WC Clinical Neurology SC Neurosciences & Neurology GA 248MM UT WOS:000083279200009 ER PT J AU Tompkins, CA Lehman, MT Baumgaertner, A AF Tompkins, CA Lehman, MT Baumgaertner, A TI Suppression and inference revision in right brain-damaged and non-brain-damaged adults SO APHASIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID GENERAL COMPREHENSION SKILL; RIGHT-HEMISPHERE; WORKING-MEMORY; DISCOURSE AB This study examined the extent to which participants were able to inhibit, or suppress, initial inferences that were rendered inappropriate by subsequent information and the relation between suppression ability and discourse comprehension in adults with right hemisphere brain damage (RBD). Two-sentence stimuli were presented auditorily to 32 adults with RED and 17 control subjects. An ambiguous initial stimulus sentence elicited both dominant and less-preferred inferences and the second sentence resolved the ambiguity toward the initially less likely interpretation. Subjects judged whether a probe word fit with the meaning of the entire stimulus. To evaluate suppression function, probe words were chosen to represent the dominant, but eventually inappropriate inference for the first sentence. In a comparison condition, the same probes were paired with inferentially unambiguous stimuli. Accurate 'no' judgments of the probe words were slower in the ambiguous condition than in the unambiguous condition, reflecting interference from the dominant but eventually inappropriate interpretations of the ambiguous stimuli. This interference did not subside for either group over two probe intervals (850 and 1200 ms), indicating that neither group as a whole suppressed the unwanted inferences over time. However, on a within-group level, RED subjects' effectiveness at suppressing these inappropriate inferences was related to their comprehension of discourse stimuli that required inference revisions. C1 Univ Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15260 USA. RP Tompkins, CA (reprint author), Univ Pittsburgh, 4033 Forbes Tower, Pittsburgh, PA 15260 USA. CR BEEMAN M, 1993, BRAIN LANG, V44, P80, DOI 10.1006/brln.1993.1006 Benton A. L., 1983, JUDGMENT LINE ORIENT, P44 BLOISE CGR, 1993, CLIN APHASIOLOGY, V21, P145 Brownell H., 1998, RIGHT HEMISPHERE LAN BROWNELL HH, 1986, BRAIN LANG, V27, P310, DOI 10.1016/0093-934X(86)90022-2 CARROLL JB, 1971, AM WORD FREQUENCY BO Stemmer B, 1998, RIGHT HEMISPHERE LANGUAGE COMPREHENSION, P329 CONNELLY SL, 1993, J EXP PSYCHOL HUMAN, V19, P1238, DOI 10.1037//0096-1523.19.6.1238 Dunn L. M., 1981, PEABODY PICTURE VOCA FOLSTEIN MF, 1975, J PSYCHIAT RES, V12, P189, DOI 10.1016/0022-3956(75)90026-6 Gernsbacher M. A., 1990, LANGUAGE COMPREHENSI GERNSBACHER MA, 1991, J EXP PSYCHOL LEARN, V17, P245, DOI 10.1037/0278-7393.17.2.245 GERNSBACHER MA, 1990, J EXP PSYCHOL LEARN, V16, P430, DOI 10.1037//0278-7393.16.3.430 Joanette Y., 1990, RIGHT HEMISPHERE VER JUST MA, 1992, PSYCHOL REV, V99, P122, DOI 10.1037/0033-295X.99.1.122 KANE MJ, 1994, PSYCHOL AGING, V9, P103, DOI 10.1037/0882-7974.9.1.103 Lehman MT, 1998, APHASIOLOGY, V12, P771, DOI 10.1080/02687039808249572 MCKOON G, 1986, J EXP PSYCHOL LEARN, V12, P82, DOI 10.1037//0278-7393.12.1.82 MOLLOY R, 1990, DISCOURSE ABILITY BR SHAW RJ, 1991, PSYCHOL AGING, V6, P595, DOI 10.1037/0882-7974.6.4.595 Tompkins C. A., 1998, TOP STROKE REHABIL, V5, P29 TOMPKINS CA, 1992, COMPREHENSION RIGHT Tompkins CA, 1997, APHASIOLOGY, V11, P505, DOI 10.1080/02687039708248487 Tompkins CA, 1995, RIGHT HEMISPHERE COM Tompkins CA, 1998, AM J SPEECH-LANG PAT, V7, P68 TOMPKINS CA, 1994, J SPEECH HEAR RES, V37, P896 Wilson B. A., 1987, BEHAV INATTENTION TE WILSON R S, 1979, Journal of Clinical Neuropsychology, V1, P49, DOI 10.1080/01688637908401097 NR 28 TC 8 Z9 9 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD PI LONDON PA ONE GUNPOWDER SQUARE, LONDON EC4A 3DE, ENGLAND SN 0268-7038 J9 APHASIOLOGY JI Aphasiology PD SEP-NOV PY 1999 VL 13 IS 9-11 BP 725 EP 742 PG 18 WC Clinical Neurology SC Neurosciences & Neurology GA 248MM UT WOS:000083279200010 ER PT J AU Hillis, AE Selnes, O AF Hillis, AE Selnes, O TI Cases of aphasia or neglect due to Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease SO APHASIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID PROGRESSIVE APHASIA; SPATIAL NEGLECT; LANGUAGE AB Two patients with CJD whose deficits are attributable to damage to selective cognitive mechanisms are described. One patient presented with 'pure word deafness' with severe anemia and progressed to Global aphasia. EEG and SPECT showed left cortical abnormalities. The other presented with progressive left neglect and digressive speech with meager interpretive content, but never developed aphasia. EEG showed right cortical abnormalities. These cases provide evidence that CJD can begin focally and unilaterally. Several cases of progressive aphasia due to CJD have been described, but this may be the first reported case of progressive right hemisphere dysfunction due to CJD. C1 Johns Hopkins Hosp, Dept Neurol, Baltimore, MD 21287 USA. RP Hillis, AE (reprint author), Johns Hopkins Hosp, Dept Neurol, Pathol 509,600 N Wolfe St, Baltimore, MD 21287 USA. CR CALVANIO R, 1987, NEUROLOGY, V37, P1179 CARAMAZZA A, 1983, BRAIN LANG, V18, P128, DOI 10.1016/0093-934X(83)90011-1 CHATTERJEE A, 1994, J NEUROL NEUROSUR PS, V57, P1236, DOI 10.1136/jnnp.57.10.1236 CRYSTAL HA, 1982, ANN NEUROL, V12, P186, DOI 10.1002/ana.410120210 DRIVER J, 1991, COGNITIVE NEUROPSYCH, V8, P475, DOI 10.1080/02643299108253384 DUFFY JR, 1987, CLIN APHASIOLOGY C P, V17, P349 ELLIS AW, 1983, COGNITION, V15, P111, DOI 10.1016/0010-0277(83)90036-7 FOLSTEIN MF, 1975, J PSYCHIAT RES, V12, P189, DOI 10.1016/0022-3956(75)90026-6 Goodglass H., 1972, BOSTON DIAGNOSTIC AP Hillis AE, 1995, NEUROCASE, V1, P189, DOI 10.1080/13554799508402364 HILLIS AE, 1995, J COGNITIVE NEUROSCI, V7, P396, DOI 10.1162/jocn.1995.7.3.396 HOLLAND AL, 1985, BRAIN LANG, V24, P36, DOI 10.1016/0093-934X(85)90096-3 Hsich G, 1996, NEW ENGL J MED, V335, P924, DOI 10.1056/NEJM199609263351303 KIRK A, 1994, CAN J NEUROL SCI, V21, P350 MANDELL AM, 1989, NEUROLOGY, V39, P55 MESULAM MM, 1982, ANN NEUROL, V11, P592, DOI 10.1002/ana.410110607 MYERS P, 1979, CLIN APHASIOLOGY, V7, P38 Osterrieth PA, 1944, ARCH PSYCHOL-GENEVE, V30, P206 SHUTTLEWORTH EC, 1985, J NATL MED ASSOC, V77, P649 SHUTTLEWORTH EC, 1989, NEUROPSYCHIATRY NEUR, V4, P283 TRUPE AEH, 1985, CLIN APHASIOLOGY, V15, P83 VICTOROFF J, 1994, ARCH NEUROL-CHICAGO, V51, P269 WECHSLER D, 1972, WECHSLER MEMORY SCAL YAMANOUCHI H, 1986, NEUROLOGY, V36, P1517 YORKSTON KM, 1980, J SPEECH HEAR DISORD, V45, P27 NR 25 TC 8 Z9 8 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD PI LONDON PA ONE GUNPOWDER SQUARE, LONDON EC4A 3DE, ENGLAND SN 0268-7038 J9 APHASIOLOGY JI Aphasiology PD SEP-NOV PY 1999 VL 13 IS 9-11 BP 743 EP 754 PG 12 WC Clinical Neurology SC Neurosciences & Neurology GA 248MM UT WOS:000083279200011 ER PT J AU Schneider, SL Wijdicks, EFM Duffy, JR O'Brien, TJ AF Schneider, SL Wijdicks, EFM Duffy, JR O'Brien, TJ TI Wernicke's aphasia after putaminal hemorrhage: Unusual clinical and SPECT findings SO APHASIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID SUBCORTICAL APHASIA; BASAL GANGLIA; LESION SITES; LANGUAGE; RECOVERY; CT; IODOAMPHETAMINE; PROFILES AB We present a case of a man with a putaminal hemorrhage who presented in the acute stage with a 'classic' Wernicke's aphasia. CT and MRI scans showed a large left basal ganglia hemorrhage involving the posterior putamen. A SPECT scan performed acutely demonstrated decreased perfusion in the left temporal cortex, frontal cortex and white matter and to the left basal ganglia from the hemorrhage itself. Within five days his language abilities improved dramatically, with complete resolution of his aphasia over the course of six weeks. Repeat SPECT scans continued to show the structural changes to the left putamen and left hemisphere hypoperfusion, suggesting that the resolution of the language symptoms did not correlate with the structural and perfusion changes. Various theories advanced in the literature regarding the pathophysiological mechanisms causing aphasia due to subcortical lesions cannot completely explain the findings of our case. These hypotheses are reviewed and discussed. C1 Mayo Clin & Mayo Fdn, Dept Neurol, Rochester, MN 55905 USA. Mayo Clin & Mayo Fdn, Sect Speech Pathol, Rochester, MN 55905 USA. RP Schneider, SL (reprint author), 14939 Rangeline Rd, Buchanan, MI 49107 USA. RI O'Brien, Terence/L-8102-2013 CR ALEXANDER GE, 1986, ANNU REV NEUROSCI, V9, P357, DOI 10.1146/annurev.ne.09.030186.002041 ALEXANDER MP, 1987, BRAIN, V110, P961, DOI 10.1093/brain/110.4.961 ALEXANDER MP, 1980, NEUROLOGY, V30, P1193 ASSO D, 1969, BRIT J PSYCHIAT, V115, P541, DOI 10.1192/bjp.115.522.541 BELL DS, 1968, BRAIN, V91, P619, DOI 10.1093/brain/91.4.619 BUSHNELL DL, 1989, ARCH NEUROL-CHICAGO, V46, P665 CROSSON B, 1992, SUBOCRTICAL FUNCTION CROSSON B, 1984, PSYCHOL BULL, V96, P491, DOI 10.1037/0033-2909.96.3.491 CROSSON B, 1985, BRAIN LANG, V25, P257, DOI 10.1016/0093-934X(85)90085-9 DAMASIO AR, 1982, ARCH NEUROL-CHICAGO, V39, P15 DAMASIO H, 1984, SEMIN NEUROL, V4, P151, DOI 10.1055/s-2008-1041544 DEFER G, 1987, ARCH NEUROL-CHICAGO, V44, P715 DESPOSITO M, 1995, NEUROLOGY, V45, P38 GUIBILEI F, 1990, STROKE, V21, P895 HERMANN K, 1996, CONTINUA NEUROLOGICA, V27, P197 Hogan RE, 1996, AM J NEURORADIOL, V17, P793 Kertesz A., 1982, W APHASIA BATTERY METTER EJ, 1981, ANN NEUROL, V10, P173, DOI 10.1002/ana.410100208 METTER EJ, 1995, HDB NEUROLOGICAL SPE, P187 METTER EJ, 1986, NEUROLOGY, V36, P1155 MOUNTZ JM, 1990, J NUCL MED, V31, P61 Nadeau SE, 1997, BRAIN LANG, V58, P355, DOI 10.1006/brln.1997.1707 NAESER MA, 1982, ARCH NEUROL-CHICAGO, V39, P2 OJEMANN GA, 1968, BRAIN, V91, P99, DOI 10.1093/brain/91.1.99 OLSEN TS, 1986, BRAIN, V109, P393, DOI 10.1093/brain/109.3.393 Penfield W, 1959, SPEECH BRAIN MECH RIKLAN M, 1969, J NEUROL SCI, V8, P307, DOI 10.1016/0022-510X(69)90115-4 SCHALTEN.G, 1965, BRAIN, V88, P835, DOI 10.1093/brain/88.4.835 VANBUREN JM, 1963, J NEUROSURG, V20, P148, DOI 10.3171/jns.1963.20.2.0148 VANBUREN JM, 1966, J NEUROSURG, V24, P416 VANBUREN JM, 1966, ELECTROEN CLIN NEURO, V21, P114, DOI 10.1016/0013-4694(66)90119-2 von Monakow C., 1969, BRAIN BEHAVIOR, V1, P27 Wallesch CW, 1988, APHASIA, P256 NR 33 TC 1 Z9 1 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD PI LONDON PA ONE GUNPOWDER SQUARE, LONDON EC4A 3DE, ENGLAND SN 0268-7038 J9 APHASIOLOGY JI Aphasiology PD SEP-NOV PY 1999 VL 13 IS 9-11 BP 755 EP 765 PG 11 WC Clinical Neurology SC Neurosciences & Neurology GA 248MM UT WOS:000083279200012 ER PT J AU Beeson, PM AF Beeson, PM TI Treating acquired writing impairment: strengthening graphemic representations SO APHASIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID SEMANTIC ERRORS; REMEDIATION; DYSGRAPHIA; WRITTEN AB A writing treatment protocol was designed for a 75 year-old man with severe Wernicke's aphasia. Four treatment phases were implemented: (1) a multiple baseline design that documented improvement in single-word writing for targeted words; (2) a clinician-directed home program that increased the corpus of correctly-spelled single words; (3) another multiple baseline series that documented acquisition of additional written words, as well as pragmatic training in the use of single-word writing to support conversational communication; and (4) a self-directed home treatment to further expand written vocabulary. The patient's acquisition of targeted words suggested an item-specific treatment effect that strengthened weakened graphemic representations. The patient's continued acquisition of correctly spelled words during the self-directed home treatment supported the use of this approach to supplement more traditional clinician-directed treatment. C1 Univ Arizona, Natl Ctr Neurogen Commun Disorders, Tucson, AZ 85737 USA. RP Beeson, PM (reprint author), Univ Arizona, Natl Ctr Neurogen Commun Disorders, POB 210071, Tucson, AZ 85737 USA. CR ALIMINOSA D, 1993, APHASIOLOGY, V7, P55, DOI 10.1080/02687039308249499 BEHRMANN M, 1987, COGN NEUROPSYCHOL, V4, P365, DOI 10.1080/02643298708252044 Behrmann M., 1992, COGNITIVE NEUROPSYCH BLACK SE, 1989, APHASIOLOGY, V3, P265, DOI 10.1080/02687038908248994 BUB D, 1982, BRAIN LANG, V17, P146, DOI 10.1016/0093-934X(82)90011-6 CARAMAZZA A, 1987, COGNITION, V26, P29 CARAMAZZA A, 1990, CORTEX, V26, P95 CARAMAZZA A, 1983, BRAIN LANG, V18, P128, DOI 10.1016/0093-934X(83)90011-1 Carlomagno S, 1994, COGNITIVE NEUROPSYCH, P485 ELLIS AW, 1987, PERSPECTIVES COGNITI, P189 Goodman R. A., 1986, LANG COGNITIVE PROC, V1, P263, DOI 10.1080/01690968608404678 GOODMAN RA, 1986, COGNITIVE NEUROPSYCH, V3, P179, DOI 10.1080/02643298608252675 Goodman RA, 1985, J HOPKINS DYSGRAPHIA HILLIS AE, 1989, ARCH PHYS MED REHAB, V70, P632 HILLIS AE, 1995, MEMORY, V3, P333, DOI 10.1080/09658219508253156 Kay J., 1992, PSYCHOLINGUISTIC ASS Kertesz A., 1982, W APHASIA BATTERY Margolin D. I., 1992, COGNITIVE NEUROPSYCH MARGOLIN DI, 1984, Q J EXP PSYCHOL-A, V36, P459 PARNWELL EC, 1993, NEW OXFORD PICTURE D Patterson K., 1994, COGNITIVE NEUROPSYCH, P425 RAPCSAK SZ, 1991, BRAIN LANG, V41, P510, DOI 10.1016/0093-934X(91)90171-V Rapp B, 1997, BRAIN LANG, V56, P248, DOI 10.1006/brln.1997.1735 Raven JC, 1976, COLOURED PROGRESSIVE Wechsler D., 1987, WECHSLER MEMORY SCAL NR 25 TC 23 Z9 23 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD PI LONDON PA ONE GUNPOWDER SQUARE, LONDON EC4A 3DE, ENGLAND SN 0268-7038 J9 APHASIOLOGY JI Aphasiology PD SEP-NOV PY 1999 VL 13 IS 9-11 BP 767 EP 785 DI 10.1080/026870399401867 PG 19 WC Clinical Neurology SC Neurosciences & Neurology GA 248MM UT WOS:000083279200013 ER PT J AU Lapointe, LL Katz, RC Braden, CL AF Lapointe, LL Katz, RC Braden, CL TI Clinical significance of change in language performance: social validation of writing response improvement in aphasia SO APHASIOLOGY LA English DT Article AB Evaluation of change in performance based on feedback from people other than the experimenters has became known as 'social validation' and assumes an increasingly important role in models of treatment efficacy. This study selected a sample of 141 community members diverse in age, education and occupation to judge the accuracy of changes in writing samples from individuals with aphasia. Counterbalanced pairs of writing samples derived from sentences on the Porch Index of Communicative Ability (PICA) were judged. Subjects were able to discern and judge changes in writing samples when compared to actual measured changes at levels far above chance. These findings lend social validation support to measured improvement in writing performance of individuals with aphasia. C1 Arizona State Univ, Dept Speech & Hearing Sci, Tempe, AZ 85287 USA. Carl T Hayden VA Med Ctr, Dept Speech Pathol & Audiol, Phoenix, AZ USA. RP Lapointe, LL (reprint author), Arizona State Univ, Dept Speech & Hearing Sci, Tempe, AZ 85287 USA. CR DOYLE PJ, 1987, J SPEECH HEAR DISORD, V52, P143 GOLDSTEIN H, 1990, TREATMENT EFFICACY R, P91 Holland AL, 1996, J SPEECH HEAR RES, V39, pS27 KEARNS K, 1993, CLIN APHASIOLOGY, V21, P67 PORCH B, 1983, PORCH INDEX COMMUNIC THOMPSON C, 1984, CLIN APHASIOLOGY C P, P195 TOMPKINS C, 1994, LANGUAGE INTERVENTIO, P571 MASSARO M, 1994, CLIN APHASIOL, V22, P245 Tompkins CA, 1995, RIGHT HEMISPHERE COM NR 9 TC 9 Z9 9 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD PI LONDON PA ONE GUNPOWDER SQUARE, LONDON EC4A 3DE, ENGLAND SN 0268-7038 J9 APHASIOLOGY JI Aphasiology PD SEP-NOV PY 1999 VL 13 IS 9-11 BP 787 EP 792 PG 6 WC Clinical Neurology SC Neurosciences & Neurology GA 248MM UT WOS:000083279200014 ER EF