FN Thomson Reuters Web of Science™
VR 1.0
PT J
AU Klauck, SM
AF Klauck, S. M.
TI Autism and ADHD - is there a least common multiple of genetic
predisposition loci
SO JOURNAL OF NEURAL TRANSMISSION
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
CT 39th International Danube Symposium for Neurological Science and
Continuing Education/1st International Congress on ADHD, from Childhood
t Adult Disease
CY JUN 02-05, 2007
CL Wuzburg, GERMANY
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
PU SPRINGER WIEN
PI WIEN
PA SACHSENPLATZ 4-6, PO BOX 89, A-1201 WIEN, AUSTRIA
SN 0300-9564
J9 J NEURAL TRANSM
JI J. Neural Transm.
PY 2007
VL 114
IS 7
BP LI
EP LII
PG 2
WC Clinical Neurology; Neurosciences
SC Neurosciences & Neurology
GA 189PU
UT WOS:000248001800043
ER
PT J
AU Poustka, F
Holtmann, M
AF Poustka, F.
Holtmann, M.
TI Autism-specific impairment and co-morbidity in autism with ADHS
SO JOURNAL OF NEURAL TRANSMISSION
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
CT 39th International Danube Symposium for Neurological Science and
Continuing Education/1st International Congress on ADHD, from Childhood
t Adult Disease
CY JUN 02-05, 2007
CL Wuzburg, GERMANY
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
PU SPRINGER WIEN
PI WIEN
PA SACHSENPLATZ 4-6, PO BOX 89, A-1201 WIEN, AUSTRIA
SN 0300-9564
J9 J NEURAL TRANSM
JI J. Neural Transm.
PY 2007
VL 114
IS 7
BP LI
EP LI
PG 1
WC Clinical Neurology; Neurosciences
SC Neurosciences & Neurology
GA 189PU
UT WOS:000248001800041
ER
PT J
AU Sinzig, J
AF Sinzig, J.
TI Mentalizing in autism with and without ADRD
SO JOURNAL OF NEURAL TRANSMISSION
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
CT 39th International Danube Symposium for Neurological Science and
Continuing Education/1st International Congress on ADHD, from Childhood
t Adult Disease
CY JUN 02-05, 2007
CL Wuzburg, GERMANY
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
PU SPRINGER WIEN
PI WIEN
PA SACHSENPLATZ 4-6, PO BOX 89, A-1201 WIEN, AUSTRIA
SN 0300-9564
J9 J NEURAL TRANSM
JI J. Neural Transm.
PY 2007
VL 114
IS 7
BP LI
EP LI
PG 1
WC Clinical Neurology; Neurosciences
SC Neurosciences & Neurology
GA 189PU
UT WOS:000248001800042
ER
PT J
AU Huennerkopf, R
Grassi, J
Dudley, E
Jans, T
Guderian, E
Mehler-Wex, C
Warnke, A
Gerlach, M
Thome, J
AF Huennerkopf, R.
Grassi, J.
Dudley, E.
Jans, T.
Guderian, E.
Mehler-Wex, C.
Warnke, A.
Gerlach, M.
Thome, J.
TI Proteonaic technologies in autism and adult attention-deficit
hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) research
SO JOURNAL OF NEURAL TRANSMISSION
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
CT 39th International Danube Symposium for Neurological Science and
Continuing Education/1st International Congress on ADHD, from Childhood
t Adult Disease
CY JUN 02-05, 2007
CL Wuzburg, GERMANY
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
PU SPRINGER WIEN
PI WIEN
PA SACHSENPLATZ 4-6, PO BOX 89, A-1201 WIEN, AUSTRIA
SN 0300-9564
J9 J NEURAL TRANSM
JI J. Neural Transm.
PY 2007
VL 114
IS 7
BP LXIX
EP LXIX
PG 1
WC Clinical Neurology; Neurosciences
SC Neurosciences & Neurology
GA 189PU
UT WOS:000248001800117
ER
PT J
AU Johnson, K
Robertson, I
Kelly, S
Barry, E
Watchorn, A
Keavey, M
Gallagher, L
Gill, M
Bellgrove, M
AF Johnson, K.
Robertson, I.
Kelly, S.
Barry, E.
Watchorn, A.
Keavey, M.
Gallagher, L.
Gill, M.
Bellgrove, M.
TI Dissociation in performance of children with ADHD and high-functioning
autism on a task of sustained attention
SO JOURNAL OF NEURAL TRANSMISSION
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
CT 39th International Danube Symposium for Neurological Science and
Continuing Education/1st International Congress on ADHD, from Childhood
t Adult Disease
CY JUN 02-05, 2007
CL Wuzburg, GERMANY
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
PU SPRINGER WIEN
PI WIEN
PA SACHSENPLATZ 4-6, PO BOX 89, A-1201 WIEN, AUSTRIA
SN 0300-9564
J9 J NEURAL TRANSM
JI J. Neural Transm.
PY 2007
VL 114
IS 7
BP LXXVII
EP LXXVII
PG 1
WC Clinical Neurology; Neurosciences
SC Neurosciences & Neurology
GA 189PU
UT WOS:000248001800146
ER
PT J
AU Patterson, PH
AF Patterson, Paul H.
TI Activating the maternal immune system causes changes in the offspring
resembling those in Schizophrenia and autism
SO JOURNAL OF NEUROVIROLOGY
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
CT 8th International Symposium on Neurovirology
CY OCT 30-NOV 02, 2007
CL San Diego, CA
SP NIMH, NINDS, NIDA, Biogen Idec, Dept Microbiol & Immunol, Drexel Univ Coll Med, Inst Mol Med & Infect Dis, Temple Univ Sch Med, Dept Neurosci, Sbarro Inst Canc Res & Mol Med, Journal NeuroVirol
C1 [Patterson, Paul H.] CALTECH, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA.
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC
PI PHILADELPHIA
PA 325 CHESTNUT ST, SUITE 800, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA
SN 1355-0284
J9 J NEUROVIROL
JI J. Neurovirol.
PY 2007
VL 13
SU 1
BP 20
EP 20
PG 1
WC Neurosciences; Virology
SC Neurosciences & Neurology; Virology
GA 228SX
UT WOS:000250754000034
ER
PT J
AU Libbey, JE
Coon, HH
Kirkman, NJ
Sweeten, TL
Miller, JN
Lainhart, JE
McMahon, WM
Fujinami, RS
AF Libbey, Jane E.
Coon, Hilary H.
Kirkman, Nikki J.
Sweeten, Thayne L.
Miller, Judith N.
Lainhart, Janet E.
McMahon, William M.
Fujinami, Robert S.
TI Are there altered antibody responses to measles, mumps, or rubella
viruses in autism?
SO JOURNAL OF NEUROVIROLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE autism; immunoglobulin; Tourette's syndrome
ID PERVASIVE DEVELOPMENTAL DISORDERS; LYMPHOID-NODULAR HYPERPLASIA;
INFLAMMATORY-BOWEL-DISEASE; MYELIN BASIC-PROTEIN; SCLEROSING
PANENCEPHALITIS; CONGENITAL-RUBELLA; MULTIPLE-SCLEROSIS; CAUSAL
ASSOCIATION; SPECTRUM DISORDER; MMR VACCINATION
AB The role that virus infections play in autism is not known. Others have reported that antibodies against measles virus are higher in the sera/plasma of children with autism versus controls. The authors investigated antibody titers to measles, mumps, and rubella viruses and diphtheria toxoid in children with autism, both classic onset (33) and regressive onset (26) forms, controls (25, healthy age- and gender-matched) and individuals with Tourette's syndrome (24) via enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays. No significant differences in antibody titers to measles, mumps, and rubella viruses and diphtheria toxoid were found among the four groups. Additionally, there were no significant differences between the four groups for total immunoglobulin (Ig) G or IgM. Interestingly, the authors did find a significant number (15/59) of autism subjects (classic and regressive onset combined) who had a very low or no antibody titer against rubella virus, compared to a combine control/Tourette's group (2/49).
C1 Univ Utah, Dept Neurol, Salt Lake City, UT 84132 USA.
Univ Utah, Dept Psychiat, Salt Lake City, UT USA.
RP Fujinami, RS (reprint author), Univ Utah, Dept Neurol, 30 N 1900 E,3R330 SOM, Salt Lake City, UT 84132 USA.
EM Robert.Fujinami@hsc.utah.edu
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NR 65
TC 6
Z9 7
PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC
PI PHILADELPHIA
PA 325 CHESTNUT ST, SUITE 800, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA
SN 1355-0284
J9 J NEUROVIROL
JI J. Neurovirol.
PY 2007
VL 13
IS 3
BP 252
EP 259
DI 10.1080/13550280701278462
PG 8
WC Neurosciences; Virology
SC Neurosciences & Neurology; Virology
GA 186KZ
UT WOS:000247778900008
PM 17613715
ER
PT J
AU Kujala, T
AF Kujala, Teija
TI The role of early auditory discrimination deficits in language disorders
SO JOURNAL OF PSYCHOPHYSIOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE mismatch negativity; event-related potentials; language impairments;
dyslexia; aphasia; autism spectrum
ID MISMATCH NEGATIVITY MMN; HIGH-FUNCTIONING AUTISM; COCHLEAR-IMPLANT
USERS; NON-SPEECH SOUNDS; ASPERGER-SYNDROME; BRAIN RESPONSES; DYSLEXIC
ADULTS; SENSORY MEMORY; ELECTROPHYSIOLOGICAL EVIDENCE; FREQUENCY
DISCRIMINATION
AB Language impairments can have a devastating effect on the individual's life. Brain damage such as stroke may cause varying degrees of impaired language. Even milder language problems, such as developmental dyslexia or specific language impairment, can have long-lasting detrimental effects on the individual's life, affecting both success at school as well as motivation and even self-esteem. In recent years, the mismatch negativity (MMN) has been intensively applied to study the neural basis of language impairments. These studies have shown that the MMN, which reflects the early stages of cortical sound discrimination, is abnormal in a large variety of language impairments. Furthermore, a close relationship between the MMN and some language disorders is suggested by significant correlations between the MMN and language test results. Further support is provided by follow-up studies suggesting that the MMN parameters may predict future language problems in children and by investigations indicating that intervention programs with an ameliorating effect also concurrently change the MMN. However, when interpreting the implications of MMN results it is important to acknowledge that this response specifically reflects early stages of auditory discrimination and should, therefore, be combined with measures probing the further steps of auditory processing for a more complete picture of the underlying deficits of language. The current review addresses how the MMN can be used in determining auditory impairments in language disorders such as aphasia, dyslexia, autism spectrum, and specific language impairment.
C1 Univ Helsinki, Dept Psychol, Cognit Brain Res Unit, FIN-00014 Helsinki, Finland.
RP Kujala, T (reprint author), Univ Helsinki, Dept Psychol, Cognit Brain Res Unit, POB 9,Siltavuorenpenger 20D, FIN-00014 Helsinki, Finland.
EM teija.m.kujala@helsinki.fi
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NR 92
TC 15
Z9 15
PU HOGREFE & HUBER PUBLISHERS
PI GOTTINGEN
PA ROHNSWEG 25, D-37085 GOTTINGEN, GERMANY
SN 0269-8803
J9 J PSYCHOPHYSIOL
JI J. Psychophysiol.
PY 2007
VL 21
IS 3-4
BP 239
EP 250
DI 10.1027/0269-8803.21.34.239
PG 12
WC Psychology, Biological; Neurosciences
SC Psychology; Neurosciences & Neurology
GA 282OO
UT WOS:000254577300012
ER
PT J
AU Lane, D
AF Lane, David
TI Autism, brain, and environment
SO JOURNAL OF THE ROYAL SOCIETY FOR THE PROMOTION OF HEALTH
LA English
DT Book Review
C1 Middlesex Univ, Prof Dev Fdn, London N17 8HR, England.
RP Lane, D (reprint author), Middlesex Univ, Prof Dev Fdn, London N17 8HR, England.
CR Lathe R, 2006, AUTISM BRAIN ENV
NR 1
TC 0
Z9 0
PU SAGE PUBLICATIONS LTD
PI LONDON
PA 1 OLIVERS YARD, 55 CITY ROAD, LONDON EC1Y 1SP, ENGLAND
SN 1466-4240
J9 J R SOC PROMO HEALTH
JI J. R. Soc. Promot. Health
PD JAN
PY 2007
VL 127
IS 1
BP 47
EP 47
DI 10.1177/146642400712700110
PG 1
WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
GA 130TV
UT WOS:000243822800011
ER
PT J
AU Adams, JB
Romdalvik, J
Ramanujam, VMS
Legator, MS
AF Adams, James B.
Romdalvik, Jane
Ramanujam, V. M. Sadagopa
Legator, Marvin S.
TI Mercury, lead, and zinc in baby teeth of children with autism versus
controls
SO JOURNAL OF TOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH-PART A-CURRENT ISSUES
LA English
DT Article
ID THIMEROSAL-CONTAINING VACCINES; BILIARY-SECRETION; EXPOSURE;
ASSOCIATION; DISORDERS; HEALTH; METHYLMERCURY; METHYLATION; GLUTATHIONE;
CHLORIDE
AB This study determined the level of mercury, lead, and zinc in baby teeth of children with autism spectrum disorder (n = 15, age 6.1 +/- 2.2 yr) and typically developing children (n = 11, age = 7 1.7 yr). Children with autism had significantly (2.1-fold) higher levels of mercury but similar levels of lead and similar levels of zinc. Children with autism also had significantly higher usage of oral antibiotics during their first 12 mo of life, and possibly higher usage of oral antibiotics during their first 36 mo of life. Baby teeth are a good measure of cumulative exposure to toxic metals during fetal development and early infancy, so this study suggests that children with autism had a higher body burden of mercury during fetal/infant development. Antibiotic use is known to almost completely inhibit excretion of mercury in rats due to alteration of gut flora. Thus, higher use of oral antiobiotics in the children with autism may have reduced their ability to excrete mercury, and hence may partially explain the higher level in baby teeth. Higher usage of oral antibiotics in infancy may also partially explain the high incidence of chronic gastrointestinal problems in individuals with autism.
C1 Arizona State Univ, Tempe, AZ 85287 USA.
Univ Texas, Med Branch, Dept Prevent Med & Community Hlth, Galveston, TX 77555 USA.
RP Adams, JB (reprint author), Arizona State Univ, POB 876006, Tempe, AZ 85287 USA.
EM jim.adams@asu.edu
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NR 37
TC 63
Z9 65
PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC
PI PHILADELPHIA
PA 325 CHESTNUT ST, SUITE 800, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA
SN 1528-7394
J9 J TOXICOL ENV HEAL A
JI J. Toxicol. Env. Health Part A
PY 2007
VL 70
IS 11-12
BP 1046
EP 1051
DI 10.1080/15287390601172080
PG 6
WC Environmental Sciences; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health;
Toxicology
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Public, Environmental & Occupational
Health; Toxicology
GA 169GG
UT WOS:000246580100023
PM 17497416
ER
PT J
AU Geier, DA
Geier, MR
AF Geier, David A.
Geier, Mark R.
TI A prospective study of mercury toxicity biomarkers in autistic spectrum
disorders
SO JOURNAL OF TOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH-PART A-CURRENT ISSUES
LA English
DT Article
ID URINARY PORPHYRIN PROFILES; OXIDATIVE STRESS; COPROPORPHYRINOGEN
OXIDASE; CHILDREN; THIMEROSAL; EXPOSURE; POLYMORPHISMS; ASSOCIATION;
METABOLISM; CHALLENGE
AB Porphyrins are derivatives formed in the heme synthesis pathway and porphyrins afford a measure of xenobiotic exposure. The steps in the heme pathway most vulnerable to heavy metal inhibition are uroporphyrin decarboxylase (UROD) and coproporphyrinogen oxidase (CPOX) reactions. Mercury toxicity was associated with elevations in urinary coproporphyrin (cP), pentacarboxyporphyrin (5cxP), and precoproporphyrin (prcP) (also known as keto-isocoproporphyrin) levels. Two cohorts of autistic patients in the United States and France had urine porphyrin levels associated with mercury toxicity. A prospective study of urinary porphyrin testing at LabCorp (United States) and the Laboratoire Philippe Auguste (France) involving 71 autism spectrum disorder (ASD) patients, neurotypical sibling controls, and general population controls was undertaken. ASD patients had significant elevations in urinary levels of cP, 5cxP, and prcP relative to controls, and > 50% of ASD patients had urinary cP levels more than 2 standard deviations above the mean values for neurotypical sibling controls. Significant reductions in urinary 5cxP and cP levels were observed in ASD patients following chelation. A significant correlation was found between urinary porphyrins measured at LabCorp and those measured at the Laboratoire Philippe Auguste on individual ASD patients. The established developmental neurotoxicity attributed to mercury and biochemical/genomic evidence for mercury susceptibility/toxicity in ASDs indicates a causal role for mercury. Urinary porphyrin testing is clinically available, relatively inexpensive, and noninvasive. Porphyrins need to be routinely measured in ASDs to establish if mercury toxicity is a causative factor and to evaluate the effectiveness of chelation therapy.
C1 Genet Ctr Amer, Silver Spring, MD 20905 USA.
Inst Chron Illnesses, Silver Spring, MD USA.
RP Geier, MR (reprint author), Genet Ctr Amer, 14 Redgate Ct, Silver Spring, MD 20905 USA.
EM mgeier@comcast.net
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NR 51
TC 48
Z9 50
PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC
PI PHILADELPHIA
PA 325 CHESTNUT ST, SUITE 800, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA
SN 1528-7394
J9 J TOXICOL ENV HEAL A
JI J. Toxicol. Env. Health Part A
PY 2007
VL 70
IS 20
BP 1723
EP 1730
DI 10.1080/15287390701457712
PG 8
WC Environmental Sciences; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health;
Toxicology
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Public, Environmental & Occupational
Health; Toxicology
GA 215CI
UT WOS:000249785500003
PM 17885929
ER
PT J
AU Park, EK
Mak, SK
Kultz, D
Hammock, BD
AF Park, Eun-Kee
Mak, Sally K.
Kueltz, Dietmar
Hammock, Bruce D.
TI Evaluation of cytotoxicity attributed to thimerosal on murine and human
kidney cells
SO JOURNAL OF TOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH-PART A-CURRENT ISSUES
LA English
DT Article
ID OSMOTIC-STRESS; TOXICITY; APOPTOSIS; OXIDATION; VACCINES; MERCURY;
NEURONS; PATHWAY; AUTISM; MICE
AB Renal inner medullary collecting duct cells ( mIMCD3) and human embryonic kidney cells ( HEK293) were used for cytoscreening of thimerosal and mercury chloride ( HgCl2). Thimerosal and HgCl2 acted in a concentration-dependent manner. In mIMCD3 cells the 24-h LC50 values for thimerosal, thiosalicylic acid, 2,2-dithiosalicylic acid, and 2-sulfobenzoic acid were 2.9, 2200, >1000, and >10,000 mu M, respectively. The 24-h LC50 value for HgCl2 in mIMCD3 cells was 40 mu M. In HEK293 ells, the 24-h LC50 value for thimerosal was 9.5 mu M. These data demonstrate that the higher cytotoxicity produced by thimerosal on renal cells with respect to similar compounds without Hg may be related to this metal content. The present study also establishes mIMCD3 cells as a valuable model for evaluation of cytotoxicity of nephrotoxic compounds.
C1 Workers Compensat Dust Dis Board NSW, Res & Educ Unit, Sydney, NSW 2000, Australia.
Univ Calif Davis, Dept Entomol, Davis, CA 95616 USA.
Univ Calif Davis, Canc Res Ctr, Davis, CA 95616 USA.
Univ Calif Davis, Dept Anim Sci, Physiol Genom Grp, Davis, CA 95616 USA.
RP Park, EK (reprint author), Workers Compensat Dust Dis Board NSW, Res & Educ Unit, Level 2,82 Elizabeth St, Sydney, NSW 2000, Australia.
EM eunkee.park@ddb.nsw.gov.au
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NR 21
TC 4
Z9 4
PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC
PI PHILADELPHIA
PA 325 CHESTNUT ST, SUITE 800, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA
SN 1528-7394
J9 J TOXICOL ENV HEAL A
JI J. Toxicol. Env. Health Part A
PY 2007
VL 70
IS 24
BP 2092
EP 2095
DI 10.1080/15287390701551324
PG 4
WC Environmental Sciences; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health;
Toxicology
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Public, Environmental & Occupational
Health; Toxicology
GA 236IX
UT WOS:000251297700009
PM 18049999
ER
PT J
AU Sullivan, S
Ruffman, T
Hutton, SB
AF Sullivan, Susan
Ruffman, Ted
Hutton, Sam B.
TI Age differences in emotion recognition skills and the visual scanning of
emotion faces
SO JOURNALS OF GERONTOLOGY SERIES B-PSYCHOLOGICAL SCIENCES AND SOCIAL
SCIENCES
LA English
DT Article
ID FACIAL EXPRESSIONS; AMYGDALA DAMAGE; ASPERGER-SYNDROME; BRAIN
ACTIVATION; NEGATIVE IMAGES; NORMAL ADULTS; EYES; PERCEPTION; RESPONSES;
AUTISM
AB Research suggests that a person's emotion recognition declines with advancing years. We examined whether or not this age-related decline was attributable to a tendency to overlook emotion information in the eyes. In Experiment 1, younger adults were significantly better than older adults at inferring emotions from full faces and eyes, though not from mouths. Using an eye tracker in Experiment 2, we found young adults, in comparison with older adults, to have superior emotion recognition performance and to look proportionately more to eyes than mouths. However, although better emotion recognition performance was significantly correlated with more eye looking in younger adults, the same was not true in older adults. We discuss these results in terms of brain changes with age.
C1 [Sullivan, Susan; Hutton, Sam B.] Univ Sussex, Sch Life Sci, Dept Psychol, Brighton BN1 9RH, E Sussex, England.
[Ruffman, Ted] Univ Otago, Dept Psychol, Dunedin, New Zealand.
RP Sullivan, S (reprint author), Univ Sussex, Sch Life Sci, Dept Psychol, JMS Bldg 3d7, Brighton BN1 9RH, E Sussex, England.
EM susansu@biols.susx.ac.uk
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NR 58
TC 33
Z9 33
PU GERONTOLOGICAL SOC AMER
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1030 15TH ST NW, STE 250, WASHINGTON, DC 20005202-842 USA
SN 1079-5014
J9 J GERONTOL B-PSYCHOL
JI J. Gerontol. Ser. B-Psychol. Sci. Soc. Sci.
PD JAN
PY 2007
VL 62
IS 1
BP P53
EP P60
PG 8
WC Geriatrics & Gerontology; Gerontology; Psychology; Psychology,
Multidisciplinary
SC Geriatrics & Gerontology; Psychology
GA 272CF
UT WOS:000253835600020
PM 17284558
ER
PT J
AU Jacquemont, S
Hagerman, RJ
Hagerman, PJ
Leehey, MA
AF Jacquemont, Sebastien
Hagerman, Randi J.
Hagerman, Paul J.
Leehey, Maureen A.
TI Fragile-X syndrome and fragile X-associated tremor/ataxia syndrome: two
faces of FMR1
SO LANCET NEUROLOGY
LA English
DT Review
ID PREMATURE OVARIAN FAILURE; MENTAL-RETARDATION PROTEIN; MULTIPLE SYSTEM
ATROPHY; INTERMEDIATE ALLELES; SYNDROME FXTAS; MOUSE MODEL; CGG REPEAT;
PREMUTATION CARRIERS; MESSENGER-RNA; INTRANUCLEAR INCLUSIONS
AB Recent advances in our understanding of the clinical and molecular features of the fragile-X mental-retardation 1 gene, FMR1, highlight the importance of single-gene disorders. 15 years after its discovery, FMR1 continues to reveal new and unexpected clinical presentations and molecular mechanisms. Loss of function of FMR1 is a model for neurodevelopmental and behavioural disorders, including mental retardation, autism, anxiety, and mood instability. In addition, overexpression and CNS toxicity of FMR1 mRNA causes a late-onset neurodegenerative disorder, the fragile-X-associated tremor/ataxia syndrome (FXTAS). A similar mechanism is probably involved in premature ovarian failure, which affects up to 20% of female carriers of an altered FMR1 gene.
C1 CHU Vaudois, Serv Genet, CH-1011 Lausanne, Switzerland.
Univ Calif Davis, Sch Med, Dept Biochem & Mol Med, Davis, CA 95616 USA.
Univ Calif Davis, Sch Med, MIND Inst, Davis, CA 95616 USA.
Univ Calif Davis, Sch Med, Dept Pediat, Davis, CA 95616 USA.
Univ Colorado, Hlth Sci Ctr, Dept Neurol, Denver, CO 80262 USA.
RP Jacquemont, S (reprint author), CHU Vaudois, Serv Genet, Rue Pierre Decker, CH-1011 Lausanne, Switzerland.
EM sebastien.jacquemont@chuv.ch
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NR 113
TC 112
Z9 113
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC
PI NEW YORK
PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA
SN 1474-4422
J9 LANCET NEUROL
JI Lancet Neurol.
PD JAN
PY 2007
VL 6
IS 1
BP 45
EP 55
DI 10.1016/S1474-4422(06)70676-7
PG 11
WC Clinical Neurology
SC Neurosciences & Neurology
GA 119UI
UT WOS:000243039000018
PM 17166801
ER
PT J
AU Skwerer, DP
Schofield, C
Verbalis, A
Faja, S
Tager-Flusberg, H
AF Skwerer, Daniela Plesa
Schofield, Casey
Verbalis, Alyssa
Faja, Susan
Tager-Flusberg, Helen
TI Receptive prosody in adolescents and adults with Williams syndrome
SO LANGUAGE AND COGNITIVE PROCESSES
LA English
DT Article
ID AUTISM SPECTRUM DISORDERS; YOUNG-CHILDREN; SPONTANEOUS ATTENTION;
EMOTIONAL TONE; VOCAL EMOTION; SPEECH; AMBIGUITY; VOICE; COMPREHENSION;
EXPRESSION
AB People with Williams syndrome (WS) are known to use prosodic devices extensively in conversation and narratives, but their ability to interpret prosody to comprehend speakers' communicative intentions and emotional states has not been investigated systematically. We present findings from three experiments probing sensitivity to lexical stress and to affective prosodic cues considered at several processing levels. Adolescents and adults with WS were compared with age, IQ and receptive vocabulary-matched participants with learning or intellectual disabilities (LID), and with age-matched normal controls (NC). The WS group performed significantly better than the LID group only in recognising emotional tone of voice in filtered speech. Results reflect a relative sensitivity in the WS group to affective prosody, while the ability to use linguistic prosodic cues for semantic interpretation remains constrained by perceptual and cognitive limitations, suggesting a possible dissociation in sensitivity to different types of prosody in this population.
C1 Boston Univ, Sch Med, Dept Anat & Neurobiol, Boston, MA 02118 USA.
SUNY Binghamton, New York, NY 13902 USA.
Univ Connecticut, Storrs, CT 06269 USA.
Univ Washington, Seattle, WA 98195 USA.
RP Skwerer, DP (reprint author), Boston Univ, Sch Med, Dept Anat & Neurobiol, 715 albany St,L-814, Boston, MA 02118 USA.
EM dplesas@bu.edu
RI Tager-Flusberg, Helen/D-5265-2009
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PA 27 CHURCH RD, HOVE BN3 2FA, EAST SUSSEX, ENGLAND
SN 0169-0965
J9 LANG COGNITIVE PROC
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PY 2007
VL 22
IS 2
BP 247
EP 271
DI 10.1080/01690960600632671
PG 25
WC Linguistics; Psychology, Experimental
SC Linguistics; Psychology
GA 151GA
UT WOS:000245276700004
ER
PT J
AU Billington, J
Baron-Cohen, S
Wheelwright, S
AF Billington, Jac
Baron-Cohen, Simon
Wheelwright, Sally
TI Cognitive style predicts entry into physical sciences and humanities:
Questionnaire and performance tests of empathy and systemizing
SO LEARNING AND INDIVIDUAL DIFFERENCES
LA English
DT Article
DE sex differences; cognitive style; science
ID HIGH-FUNCTIONING AUTISM; NORMAL SEX-DIFFERENCES; ASPERGER-SYNDROME;
MATHEMATICS ACHIEVEMENT; COLLEGE-STUDENTS; SPATIAL ABILITY; ADULTS;
QUOTIENT; MIND
AB It is often questioned as to why fewer women enter science. This study assesses whether a cognitive style characterized by systemizing being at a higher level than empathizing (S > E) is better than sex in predicating entry into the physical sciences compared to humanities. 415 students in both types of discipline (203 males, 212 females) were given questionnaire and performance measures of systemizing and empathy. 59.1% of the science students were male and 70.1% of the humanities students were female. There were significant sex differences on the Empathy Quotient (EQ) (females on average scoring higher) and on the Systerruzing Quotient (SQ) (males on average scoring higher), confirming earlier studies. Scientists also scored higher on the SQ, and scored lower on the EQ, compared to those in the humanities. Thus, independent of sex, SQ was a significant predictor of entry into the physical sciences. Results from questionnaire data and performance data indicate an S > E profile for physical science students as a group, and an E > S profile for humanities students as a group, regardless of sex. We interpret this as evidence that whilst on average males show stronger systemizing and females show stronger empathizing, individuals with a strong systemizing drive are more likely to enter the physical sciences, irrespective of their sex. (c) 2007 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
C1 Univ Cambridge, Dept Psychiat, Autism Res Ctr, Cambridge CB2 8AH, England.
RP Billington, J (reprint author), Univ Cambridge, Dept Psychiat, Autism Res Ctr, Douglas House,18B Trumpington Rd, Cambridge CB2 8AH, England.
EM jb434@cam.ac.uk
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NR 37
TC 30
Z9 31
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 1041-6080
J9 LEARN INDIVID DIFFER
JI Learn. Individ. Differ.
PY 2007
VL 17
IS 3
BP 260
EP 268
DI 10.1016/j.lindif.2007.02.004
PG 9
WC Psychology, Educational
SC Psychology
GA 216FD
UT WOS:000249863000006
ER
PT J
AU Seeman, C
AF Seeman, Corey
TI Unstrange minds: Remapping the world of autism
SO LIBRARY JOURNAL
LA English
DT Book Review
C1 Univ Michigan, Lib, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA.
RP Seeman, C (reprint author), Univ Michigan, Lib, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA.
CR Grinker Roy Richard, 2007, UNSTRANGE MINDS REMA
NR 1
TC 0
Z9 0
PU REED BUSINESS INFORMATION
PI NEW YORK
PA 360 PARK AVENUE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010 USA
SN 0363-0277
J9 LIBR J
JI Libr. J.
PD JAN
PY 2007
VL 132
IS 1
BP 128
EP 128
PG 1
WC Information Science & Library Science
SC Information Science & Library Science
GA 126YK
UT WOS:000243551300280
ER
PT J
AU Helland, WA
Heimann, M
AF Helland, Wenche Andersen
Heimann, Mikael
TI Assessment of pragmatic language impairment in children referred to
psychiatric services: A pilot study of the Children's Communication
Checklist in a Norwegian sample
SO LOGOPEDICS PHONIATRICS VOCOLOGY
LA English
DT Article; Proceedings Paper
CT 12th Congress of the European-Society-of-Child-and-Adolescent-Psychiatry
CY OCT 01, 2003
CL Paris, FRANCE
SP European Soc Child & Adolescent Psychiat
DE child psychiatry; Children's Communication Checklist; pragmatic language
impairment
ID DEFICIT HYPERACTIVITY DISORDER; BEHAVIORAL-CHARACTERISTICS;
DISTURBED-CHILDREN; PREVALENCE; AUTISM; ADHD
AB The aim of the present pilot study was to explore whether pragmatic language impairments are more prevalent among children referred to child psychiatric services (n = 21) than among a comparison group of typically developing children (n = 29) in the age range 8-10 years. A second and minor aim was also to assess the usability of a Norwegian translation of the Children's Communication Checklist (CCC). Communication disorders defined as a pragmatic score equal to or below 140 on the CCC were identified in a majority (0.57) of the children in the clinical group; the corresponding proportion for the typically developing comparison group was only 0.10. Thus, the Norwegian version of the CCC distinguishes between children with symptoms of pragmatic language impairments and those with no symptoms, as does the English version.
C1 [Helland, Wenche Andersen; Heimann, Mikael] Univ Bergen, N-5020 Bergen, Norway.
RP Heimann, M (reprint author), Ctr Child & Adolescent Mental Hlth, POB 7800, N-5020 Bergen, Norway.
EM Mikael.Heimann@rbup.uib.no
CR ANDERSON K, 2002, CCC CHILDRENS COMMUN
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NR 35
TC 6
Z9 6
PU INFORMA HEALTHCARE
PI NEW YORK
PA 52 VANDERBILT AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA
SN 1401-5439
J9 LOGOP PHONIATR VOCO
JI Logop. Phoniatr. Vocology.
PY 2007
VL 32
IS 1
BP 23
EP 30
DI 10.1080/14015430600712056
PG 8
WC Audiology & Speech-Language Pathology; Otorhinolaryngology
SC Audiology & Speech-Language Pathology; Otorhinolaryngology
GA 275SW
UT WOS:000254092900005
PM 17454657
ER
PT J
AU Brimacombe, M
Ming, X
Lamendola, M
AF Brimacombe, M.
Ming, X.
Lamendola, M.
TI Prenatal and birth complications in autism
SO MATERNAL AND CHILD HEALTH JOURNAL
LA English
DT Article
DE prenatal history; autism; risk factors; epidemiology
ID PERINATAL FACTORS; RISK-FACTORS; CHILDREN; POPULATION; ACTIVATION;
DISORDERS; PREGNANCY; ETIOLOGY; TWINS
AB Objectives: Prenatal and birth history as potential sources of risk factors in relation to the onset of autism were examined. Methods: A cohort of 164 families of autistic children referred to The Autism Center at New Jersey Medical School-UMDNJ, Newark, New Jersey, over a two-year period was studied. Intake prenatal and birth history information was obtained from each family and reviewed by a clinician. Results: Prevalence rates in this cohort for vaginal bleeding, prolonged labor and prematurity were higher than comparable rates reported nationally and in New Jersey. Clustering of multiple prenatal risk factors was observed. This clustering was associated with the age of the mother, but uncorrelated with birth order. Conclusions: These findings support the general hypothesis that systemic problems at the prenatal stage may form a distinct dimension of risk associated with autism.
C1 Univ Med & Dent New Jersey, New Jersey Med Sch, Dept Prevent Med, Newark, NJ 07103 USA.
Univ Med & Dent New Jersey, New Jersey Med Sch, Dept Neurol, Newark, NJ 07103 USA.
RP Brimacombe, M (reprint author), Univ Med & Dent New Jersey, New Jersey Med Sch, Dept Prevent Med, Newark, NJ 07103 USA.
EM brimacmb@umdnj.edu
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NR 23
TC 38
Z9 38
PU SPRINGER/PLENUM PUBLISHERS
PI NEW YORK
PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA
SN 1092-7875
J9 MATERN CHILD HLTH J
JI Matern. Child Health J.
PD JAN
PY 2007
VL 11
IS 1
BP 73
EP 79
DI 10.1007/s10995-006-0142-7
PG 7
WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
GA 128GG
UT WOS:000243645600010
PM 17053965
ER
PT J
AU Dochniak, MJ
AF Dochniak, Michael J.
TI Autism spectrum disorders - Exogenous protein insult
SO MEDICAL HYPOTHESES
LA English
DT Article
ID HEVEA-BRASILIENSIS LATEX; CROSS-REACTIVE ALLERGEN; EXPRESSION;
CHITINASE; IDENTIFICATION; PURIFICATION; PROFILIN; EPITOPES; ANTIBODY;
ENOLASE
AB The immune-response perspective described herein is intended to explore how certain environmental proteins may affect neuro-cognitive development in children. Specifically, proteins inherent in natural rubber latex are known to cause severe and pervasive immune responses. More specifically, the Hevea Brasiliensis proteins in natural rubber latex may trigger immunoglobulin-E mediated reaction antibodies and influence cross-react immune responses to other exogenous/endogenous proteins. In adults, repeated exposure to the Hevea Brasiliensis proteins has been shown to cause an increased incidence of sensitization, adverse allergic reactions, and even death through anaphylactic shock. Natural rubber latex has seen a dramatic increase in usage over the last 30-years (e.g., health care industry, consumer products). The timing, frequency, intensity, and type of exposure to such proteins may influence the incidence, degree of atypicality, and prevalence of autism spectrum disorders. Therefore, research efforts should be directed at exploring how immune responses to such proteins affect lymphocyte sensitivity, enzyme regulation, and neural formation during prenatal/neonatal development.
(c) 2007 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
RP Dochniak, MJ (reprint author), POB 296, Hugo, MN 55038 USA.
EM mdochniak@yahoo.com
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YLITALO L, NATURAL RUBBER LATEX
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2006, KEY MOL SIGNALING SW
NR 32
TC 9
Z9 9
PU CHURCHILL LIVINGSTONE
PI EDINBURGH
PA JOURNAL PRODUCTION DEPT, ROBERT STEVENSON HOUSE, 1-3 BAXTERS PLACE,
LEITH WALK, EDINBURGH EH1 3AF, MIDLOTHIAN, SCOTLAND
SN 0306-9877
J9 MED HYPOTHESES
JI Med. Hypotheses
PY 2007
VL 69
IS 3
BP 545
EP 549
DI 10.1016/j.mehy.2007.01.060
PG 5
WC Medicine, Research & Experimental
SC Research & Experimental Medicine
GA 201VT
UT WOS:000248861400015
PM 17374559
ER
PT J
AU Boorom, KF
AF Boorom, Kenneth Fiske
TI Is this recently characterized gastrointestinal pathogen responsible for
rising rates of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) and IBD associated
autism in Europe and the United States in the 1990s?
SO MEDICAL HYPOTHESES
LA English
DT Article
ID BLASTOCYSTIS-HOMINIS; ENTAMOEBA-HISTOLYTICA; CROHNS-DISEASE;
IMMUNE-RESPONSES; CHILDREN; SEROTONIN; DIAGNOSIS; COLITIS; CELLS;
FIBROMYALGIA
AB In 2006, a pathogenic variant of the common intestinal organism Blastocystis was discovered in patients who were experiencing chronic gastrointestinal symptoms. Most species of Blastocystis inhabit humans with no symptoms. The discovery of a pathogenic variant of Blastocystis is significant, because Blastocystis is related to Entamoeba, a similar organism with pathogenic variants that kill over 100,000 people each year. Recent research has shown that Blastocystis infections may be undetectable using existing clinical methods. Medical case reports from the Middle East, Europe, and United States suggest that infection with this variant may already be widespread and misdiagnosed as one of several functional disorders. Hypothesis: A more virulent or transmissible type of Blastocystis emerged in the Middle East in the 1980's, and was transmitted to Europe and the United States by military and more significantly vacation and business travel. The lack of adequate tests made it impossible to detect the infection. Transmission to the larger population resulted in rising inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) rates in Europe in the 1990's. The relationship between IBD and autism is explored, along with the possibility that the same pathogen causes both conditions. Supporting data: Serological and epidemiological findings are presented supporting the hypothesis. Blastocystis survives sewage treatment, shows low host specificity, and can be spread by many animals. Several communities which have been studied due to high autism rates are located close to rivers which receive large quantities of sewage effluent, such as South Thames (England), Olmsted County (Minnesota, USA) and many communities in Oregon (USA). Conclusions: Scientists from other countries represent the first line of defense against emerging infectious diseases, but their publications on Blastocystis are not well known in the United States and Europe. With the publication of corroborating research by Western scientists in core scientific journals, it is hoped that an appropriate response from the public health system will, be forthcoming. Investigation into the existence of infection in the groups mentioned with sensitive and specific tests should be performed. Such tests could include a serum antibody test and a Potymerase Chain Reaction test specific to the pathogenic variant. (c) 2007 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
C1 Blastocystis Res Fdn, Corvallis, OR 97333 USA.
RP Boorom, KF (reprint author), Blastocystis Res Fdn, 5060 SW Philomath Blvd 202, Corvallis, OR 97333 USA.
EM bhom2@comcast.net
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NR 50
TC 13
Z9 14
PU CHURCHILL LIVINGSTONE
PI EDINBURGH
PA JOURNAL PRODUCTION DEPT, ROBERT STEVENSON HOUSE, 1-3 BAXTERS PLACE,
LEITH WALK, EDINBURGH EH1 3AF, MIDLOTHIAN, SCOTLAND
SN 0306-9877
J9 MED HYPOTHESES
JI Med. Hypotheses
PY 2007
VL 69
IS 3
BP 652
EP 659
DI 10.1016/j.mehy.2007.01.027
PG 8
WC Medicine, Research & Experimental
SC Research & Experimental Medicine
GA 201VT
UT WOS:000248861400034
PM 17382484
ER
PT J
AU Chen, F
Planche, P
Lemonnier, E
AF Chen, Fei
Planche, Pascale
Lemonnier, Eric
TI How could language interact with visuo-spatial performance in autism?
SO MEDICAL HYPOTHESES
LA English
DT Letter
ID COGNITION; SUPERIOR
C1 Hop Bohars, CHU Brest, Serv Pedopsychiat, F-29820 Bohars, France.
Univ Bretagne Occidentale, Fac Lettres & Sci Sociales, Dept Psychol, F-29200 Brest, France.
RP Chen, F (reprint author), Hop Bohars, CHU Brest, Serv Pedopsychiat, BP17, F-29820 Bohars, France.
EM pierre.fei.chen@gmail.com
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NR 6
TC 1
Z9 1
PU CHURCHILL LIVINGSTONE
PI EDINBURGH
PA JOURNAL PRODUCTION DEPT, ROBERT STEVENSON HOUSE, 1-3 BAXTERS PLACE,
LEITH WALK, EDINBURGH EH1 3AF, MIDLOTHIAN, SCOTLAND
SN 0306-9877
J9 MED HYPOTHESES
JI Med. Hypotheses
PY 2007
VL 69
IS 3
BP 695
EP 697
DI 10.1016/j.mehy.2007.01.024
PG 3
WC Medicine, Research & Experimental
SC Research & Experimental Medicine
GA 201VT
UT WOS:000248861400044
PM 17335987
ER
PT J
AU Becker, KG
AF Becker, Kevin G.
TI Autism, asthma, inflammation, and the hygiene hypothesis
SO MEDICAL HYPOTHESES
LA English
DT Editorial Material
ID PERVASIVE DEVELOPMENTAL DISORDERS; SINGLE-NUCLEOTIDE POLYMORPHISMS;
HEPATOCYTE GROWTH-FACTOR; SPECTRUM DISORDERS; HEAD CIRCUMFERENCE;
CHILDHOOD ASTHMA; RISING INCIDENCE; SIBSHIP SIZE; RISK-FACTORS;
BIRTH-ORDER
AB Inflammation and the genes, molecules, and biological pathways that lead to inflammatory processes influence many important and disparate biological processes and disease states that are quite often not generally considered classical inflammatory or autoimmune disorders. These include development, reproduction, aging, tumor development and tumor rejection, cardiovascular pathologies, metabolic disorders, as well as neurological and psychiatric disorders. This paper compares parallel aspects of autism and inflammatory disorders with an emphasis on asthma. These comparisons include epidemiological, morphometric, molecular, and genetic aspects of both disease types, contributing to a hypothesis of autism in the context of the immune based hygiene hypothesis. This hypothesis is meant to address the apparent rise in the prevalence of autism in the population. (c) 2007 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
C1 NIH, NIA, TRIAD Technol Ctr, Gene Express & Genom Unit,RRB, Baltimore, MD 21224 USA.
RP Becker, KG (reprint author), NIH, NIA, TRIAD Technol Ctr, Gene Express & Genom Unit,RRB, Room 208,333 Cassell Dr, Baltimore, MD 21224 USA.
EM beckerk@grc.nia.nih.gov
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NR 118
TC 29
Z9 32
PU CHURCHILL LIVINGSTONE
PI EDINBURGH
PA JOURNAL PRODUCTION DEPT, ROBERT STEVENSON HOUSE, 1-3 BAXTERS PLACE,
LEITH WALK, EDINBURGH EH1 3AF, MIDLOTHIAN, SCOTLAND
SN 0306-9877
J9 MED HYPOTHESES
JI Med. Hypotheses
PY 2007
VL 69
IS 4
BP 731
EP 740
DI 10.1016/j.mehy.2007.02.019
PG 10
WC Medicine, Research & Experimental
SC Research & Experimental Medicine
GA 210TH
UT WOS:000249478000004
PM 17412520
ER
PT J
AU Previc, FH
AF Previc, Fred H.
TI Prenatal influences on brain dopamine and their relevance to the rising
incidence of autism
SO MEDICAL HYPOTHESES
LA English
DT Review
ID PERVASIVE DEVELOPMENTAL DISORDERS; ATTENTION-DEFICIT HYPERACTIVITY;
INFANTILE-AUTISM; SPECTRUM DISORDERS; RIGHT-HEMISPHERE;
TOURETTE-SYNDROME; ANIMAL-MODELS; UNITED-STATES; CEREBRAL
LATERALIZATION; FUNCTIONAL NEUROANATOMY
AB The incidence of autism has risen 10-fold since the early 1980s, with most of this rise not explainable by changing diagnostic criteria. The rise in autism is paradoxical in that autism is considered to be one of the most genetically determined of the major neurodevelopmental disorders and should accordingly either be stable or even declining. Because a variety of epigenetic influences, particularly those occurring during the prenatal period, can override or masquerade as genetic influences, these should be considered as prime contributors to the recent increase of autism. Prenatal influences on dopamine activity are especially well-documented, including the effects of maternal psychosocial stress, maternal fever, maternal genetic and hormonal status, use of certain medications, urban birth, and fetal hypoxia. All of these factors have been implicated in the genesis of autism, which is characterized by a "hyperdopaminergic" state based on evidence from monkey and human behavioral studies, pharmacological studies in humans, and a left-hemispheric predominance of both dopamine and autistic-like symptoms. Chronically high maternal levels of dopamine caused by the pressures of increasingly urbanized societies and by changing maternal demographics such as increased workforce participation, educational achievement Level, and age at first birth, may be especially significant epigenetic contributors to the recent autism rise. (c) 2006 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
RP Previc, FH (reprint author), 10906 Whispering Wind, San Antonio, TX 78230 USA.
EM fprevic@sbcglobal.net
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NR 160
TC 38
Z9 40
PU CHURCHILL LIVINGSTONE
PI EDINBURGH
PA JOURNAL PRODUCTION DEPT, ROBERT STEVENSON HOUSE, 1-3 BAXTERS PLACE,
LEITH WALK, EDINBURGH EH1 3AF, MIDLOTHIAN, SCOTLAND
SN 0306-9877
J9 MED HYPOTHESES
JI Med. Hypotheses
PY 2007
VL 68
IS 1
BP 46
EP 60
DI 10.1016/j.mehy.2006.06.041
PG 15
WC Medicine, Research & Experimental
SC Research & Experimental Medicine
GA 114GH
UT WOS:000242654200008
PM 16959433
ER
PT J
AU Ijichi, S
Ijichi, N
AF Ijichi, Shinji
Ijichi, Naomi
TI Computerized lifelong mentoring support using robot for autistic
individuals
SO MEDICAL HYPOTHESES
LA English
DT Article
ID QUANTITATIVE TRAIT LOCUS; SUBSTANTIAL GENETIC INFLUENCE; GENOME SCAN;
BEHAVIORS; DISORDER; CHILDREN; ETIOLOGY; SPECTRUM; DEFICIT; BRAIN
AB Developmental diversity in childhood is transformed into personality variation in adulthood. This view is now revalued through an ongoing paradigm shift in the field of developmental conditions, the transition from the qualitative dichotomy perspective to the quantitative concept. In the quantitative concept, autism is not a disease nor a developmental qualitative disorder, but a behavioral extreme in individual variation. Although the traditional qualitative view cannot interpret the recent worldwide prevalence of autism, the increase in the reported number of cases with autism and border cases can be easily explained by a dimensional exploration in which the primary autistic phenotype is regarded as an evolutional superiority. Therefore, the only suitable intervention is mentoring which provides a powerful lifelong support for higher social achievement in individuals with autism. Here, we hypothesize the coming mentoring circumstances for autistic individuals in the near future. Ongoing progress in robot and computer technology might allow the guardians to leave the major part of mentoring support to an individualized robot, and the 'folk physics' tendency in individuals with autism could facilitate the spread of the mentoring support system. The development of the robot mentor software may be simple because of the uniformity and stereotypy of the behavior patterns in individuals with autism. With the help of the robot mentor and under its guidance, autistic people might enjoy their social life and contribute to the prosperity of the human society to the maximum degree. Because the future population ratio of autistics/non-autistics might be reversed according to the current trend of the prevalence, mentoring robot programs for autistic individuals should be developed without delay as a novel preliminary activity in the Jiminy Cricket movement, which is a campaign to reverse the estrangement of the present majority from autism and to increase the number of mentors for autistic individuals. In this article, prerequisites for the mentoring program of the robot mentor are expected and discussed. (c) 2006 Published by Elsevier Ltd.
C1 EGT, Kagoshima 8910144, Japan.
Kagoshima Univ, Hlth Serv Ctr, Kagoshima 8908580, Japan.
RP Ijichi, S (reprint author), EGT, 7421-1 Shimofukumoto Cho, Kagoshima 8910144, Japan.
EM jiminy@ms.kagoshima-u.ac.jp
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NR 27
TC 0
Z9 0
PU CHURCHILL LIVINGSTONE
PI EDINBURGH
PA JOURNAL PRODUCTION DEPT, ROBERT STEVENSON HOUSE, 1-3 BAXTERS PLACE,
LEITH WALK, EDINBURGH EH1 3AF, MIDLOTHIAN, SCOTLAND
SN 0306-9877
J9 MED HYPOTHESES
JI Med. Hypotheses
PY 2007
VL 68
IS 3
BP 493
EP 498
DI 10.1016/j.mehy.2006.08.016
PG 6
WC Medicine, Research & Experimental
SC Research & Experimental Medicine
GA 136NX
UT WOS:000244232500005
PM 17023117
ER
PT J
AU Vakalopoulos, C
AF Vakalopoulos, C.
TI Unilateral neglect: A theory of proprioceptive space of a stimulus as
determined by the cerebellar component of motor efference copy (and is
autism a special case of neglect)
SO MEDICAL HYPOTHESES
LA English
DT Article
ID SUPERIOR TEMPORAL SULCUS; LINE BISECTION JUDGMENTS; RIGHT HEMISPHERE
LESIONS; SPATIAL WORKING-MEMORY; VISUAL NEGLECT; VISUOSPATIAL NEGLECT;
PARIETAL CORTEX; VESTIBULAR STIMULATION; CORTICAL CONNECTIONS;
HEMISPATIAL NEGLECT
AB Unilateral neglect is a devastating condition, which manifests as a loss of a person's spatial awareness opposite the damaged side of the brain. It challenges our conception of the seat of the soul and its explanation is at the heart of the mind-body problem. A heuristic definition of the dorsal stream of a modality is here based on the categorization of parietal networks by the cerebellar component of motor efference copy. Taking this premise, the proprioceptive space of a stimulus is established as a concept in this paper. It is proposed that unilateral neglect is typically a dysfunction of proprioceptive space of a stimulus associated with lesions of the dorsal stream. Furthermore, most experimental findings of unilateral visual neglect (and by extrapolation, other sensory modalities), can be explained by two developmental mechanisms by which the proprioceptive space of a stimulus is encoded in the parietal cortex. Its right and Left hemisphere representation can be dissociated from the hemifield of presentation of perceptual information, such that the left hemifield can have a left hemisphere representation through callosal connections and likewise, the right hemifield can have a right hemifield representation. The processing of a sensory stimulus in either parietal hemisphere is dynamically determined as shown by experimental modulation of performance. A theory of historical precedence will provide a developmental background to the organization of proprioceptive space and will invoke separate models according to specified terms of engagement. A model based on the expansion and contraction of the proprioceptive space of a stimulus as a gradient across both hemispheres and modulated by concurrent proprioceptive state will be differentiated from a model that is non-graduating but competitive and lacks such modulation. In other words, the dorsal representation of a sensory stimulus in the former case is shared to a varying degree by the two parietal hemispheres, whereas in the tatter case the representation of Left and right aspects of the same object stimulus is strictly divided between the two hemispheres. A further hypothesis of a dorsoventral gradient of the peripheral and foveal components of proprioceptive space characterizing dorsal stream networks will predict the double dissociation revealed by experimental paradigms. It will explain why some patients show neglect only in foveal while others only in peripheral vision. The paper proposes to unify neglect, extinction and optic ataxia on the one hand, and spatial and object-based neglect on the other hand, under a singularly proficient paradigmatic structure. A binding model as described is a component theory that acknowledges how the involved pathways or transitional zones in a pathway may contribute to a differential clinical picture as one progresses from posterior to anterior parietal cortex. Finally, a brief discussion is given on how autistic subjects neglect spatial cues and the inability of a spatial cognitive transformation underlies the impairments postulated for 'a theory of mind'. (c) 2006 Published by Elsevier Ltd.
RP Vakalopoulos, C (reprint author), 171 McKean St, Melbourne, Vic 3068, Australia.
EM hinemoa@bigpond.net.au
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NR 100
TC 4
Z9 5
PU CHURCHILL LIVINGSTONE
PI EDINBURGH
PA JOURNAL PRODUCTION DEPT, ROBERT STEVENSON HOUSE, 1-3 BAXTERS PLACE,
LEITH WALK, EDINBURGH EH1 3AF, MIDLOTHIAN, SCOTLAND
SN 0306-9877
J9 MED HYPOTHESES
JI Med. Hypotheses
PY 2007
VL 68
IS 3
BP 574
EP 600
DI 10.1016/j.mehy.2006.08.013
PG 27
WC Medicine, Research & Experimental
SC Research & Experimental Medicine
GA 136NX
UT WOS:000244232500021
PM 17070652
ER
PT J
AU Bradstreet, JJ
Smith, S
Granpeesheh, D
El-Dahr, JM
Rossignol, D
AF Bradstreet, James Jeffrey
Smith, Scott
Granpeesheh, Doreen
El-Dahr, Jane M.
Rossignol, Daniel
TI Spironolactone might be a desirable immunologic and hormonal
intervention in autism spectrum disorders
SO MEDICAL HYPOTHESES
LA English
DT Article
ID PERVASIVE DEVELOPMENTAL DISORDER; GASTROINTESTINAL SYMPTOMS;
IMMUNE-RESPONSES; OXIDATIVE STRESS; T-CELLS; CHILDREN; BRAIN;
AUTOANTIBODIES; SERUM; ABNORMALITIES
AB Multiple studies now demonstrate that autism is medically characterized, in part, by immune system dysregulation, including evidence of neuroglial activation and gastrointestinal inflammation. This neuroglial process has further been characterized as neuroinflammation. In addition, a subset of autistic children exhibit higher than average levels of androgens. Spironolactone is an aldosterone antagonist and potassium-sparing diuretic with a desirable safety profile. It possesses potent anti-inflammatory and immune modifying properties that might make it an excellent medical intervention for autism spectrum disorders. Furthermore, spironolactone demonstrates substantial anti-androgen properties that might further enhance its appeal in autism, particularly in a definable subset of hyperandrogenic autistic children. One case report is briefly reviewed demonstrating objective clinical improvements in an autistic child after spironolactone administration. Additional research in controlled trials is now needed to further define the risks and benefits of spironolactone use in children with autism. (c) 2006 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
C1 Melbourne & Florida Hosp, Int Child Dev Resource Ctr, Melbourne, FL 32901 USA.
Ctr Autism Related Disorders, Tarzana, CA USA.
Tulane Univ, Hlth Sci Ctr, Dept Pediat, New Orleans, LA 70118 USA.
Tulane Univ, Dept Med, Sect Pediat Allergy Immunol & Rheumatol, New Orleans, LA 70118 USA.
Univ Virginia, Dept Family Med, Charlottesville, VA USA.
RP Bradstreet, JJ (reprint author), Melbourne & Florida Hosp, Int Child Dev Resource Ctr, 1688 W Hibiscus Blvd, Melbourne, FL 32901 USA.
EM DrBradstreet@aol.com
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NR 63
TC 10
Z9 10
PU CHURCHILL LIVINGSTONE
PI EDINBURGH
PA JOURNAL PRODUCTION DEPT, ROBERT STEVENSON HOUSE, 1-3 BAXTERS PLACE,
LEITH WALK, EDINBURGH EH1 3AF, MIDLOTHIAN, SCOTLAND
SN 0306-9877
J9 MED HYPOTHESES
JI Med. Hypotheses
PY 2007
VL 68
IS 5
BP 979
EP 987
DI 10.1016/j.mehy.2006.10.015
PG 9
WC Medicine, Research & Experimental
SC Research & Experimental Medicine
GA 157EL
UT WOS:000245701300009
PM 17150311
ER
PT J
AU Cortesi, M
Alfei, E
Barale, F
Fusar-Poli, P
AF Cortesi, Mariachiara
Alfei, Enrico
Barale, Francesco
Fusar-Poli, Paolo
TI Linking autism, regression and Landau-Kieffner syndrome: Integrative
role of nerve growth factor
SO MEDICAL HYPOTHESES
LA English
DT Letter
ID SPECTRUM DISORDERS; CHILDREN; EPILEPSY
C1 Univ Pavia, Dept Child Neurol & Psychiat, I-27100 Pavia, Italy.
Univ Pavia, Dept Psychobehav Hlth Sci, I-27100 Pavia, Italy.
RP Fusar-Poli, P (reprint author), Univ Pavia, Dept Appl & Psychobehav Sci, Via Bassi 21, I-27100 Pavia, Italy.
EM p.fusar@libero.it
RI Fusar-Poli, Paolo/D-8605-2011
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NR 9
TC 3
Z9 3
PU CHURCHILL LIVINGSTONE
PI EDINBURGH
PA JOURNAL PRODUCTION DEPT, ROBERT STEVENSON HOUSE, 1-3 BAXTERS PLACE,
LEITH WALK, EDINBURGH EH1 3AF, MIDLOTHIAN, SCOTLAND
SN 0306-9877
J9 MED HYPOTHESES
JI Med. Hypotheses
PY 2007
VL 68
IS 5
BP 1178
EP 1179
DI 10.1016/j.mehy.2006.10.029
PG 2
WC Medicine, Research & Experimental
SC Research & Experimental Medicine
GA 157EL
UT WOS:000245701300049
PM 17157996
ER
PT J
AU Rossignol, DA
AF Rossignol, Daniel A.
TI Hyperbaric oxygen therapy might improve certain pathophysiological
findings in autism
SO MEDICAL HYPOTHESES
LA English
DT Review
ID CEREBRAL-BLOOD-FLOW; PERVASIVE DEVELOPMENTAL DISORDERS;
SYSTEMIC-LUPUS-ERYTHEMATOSUS; INCREASED OXIDATIVE STRESS; FIBRILLARY
ACIDIC PROTEIN; PERIANAL CROHNS-DISEASE; CARRIER SLC25A12 GENE; ECD
BRAIN SPECT; CHILDHOOD AUTISM; MITOCHONDRIAL DYSFUNCTION
AB Autism is a neurodevelopmental disorder currently affecting as many as 1 out of 166 children in the United States. Numerous studies of autistic individuals have revealed evidence of cerebral hypoperfusion, neuroinflammation and gastrointestinal inflammation, immune dysregutation, oxidative stress, relative mitochondriat dysfunction, neurotransmitter abnormalities, impaired detoxification of toxins, dysbiosis, and impaired production of porphyrins. Many of these findings have been correlated with core autistic symptoms. For example, cerebral hypoperfusion in autistic children has been correlated with repetitive, self-stimulatory and stereotypical behaviors, and impairments in communication, sensory perception, and social interaction. Hyperbaric oxygen therapy (HBOT) might be able to improve each of these problems in autistic individuals. Specifically, HBOT has been used with clinical success in several cerebral hypoperfusion conditions and can compensate for decreased blood flow by increasing the oxygen content of plasma and body tissues. HBOT has been reported to possess strong anti-inflammatory properties and has been shown to improve immune function. There is evidence that oxidative stress can be reduced with HBOT through the upregulation of antioxidant enzymes. HBOT can also increase the function and production of mitochondria and improve neurotransmitter abnormalities. In addition, HBOT upregulates enzymes that can help with detoxification problems specifically found in autistic children. Dysbiosis is common in autistic children and HBOT can improve this. Impaired production of porphyrins in autistic children might affect the production of heme, and HBOT might help overcome the effects of this problem. Finally, HBOT has been shown to mobilize stem cells from the bone marrow to the systemic circulation. Recent studies in humans have shown that stem cells can enter the brain and form new neurons, astrocytes, and microglia. It is expected that amelioration of these underlying pathophysiotogicat problems through the use of HBOT will lead to improvements in autistic symptoms. Several studies on the use of HBOT in autistic children are currently underway and early results are promising. (C) 2006 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
C1 Univ Virginia, Dept Family Med, Charlottesville, VA 22908 USA.
RP Rossignol, DA (reprint author), Univ Virginia, Dept Family Med, POB 800729, Charlottesville, VA 22908 USA.
EM dlross7@hotmail.com
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NR 270
TC 18
Z9 18
PU CHURCHILL LIVINGSTONE
PI EDINBURGH
PA JOURNAL PRODUCTION DEPT, ROBERT STEVENSON HOUSE, 1-3 BAXTERS PLACE,
LEITH WALK, EDINBURGH EH1 3AF, MIDLOTHIAN, SCOTLAND
SN 0306-9877
J9 MED HYPOTHESES
JI Med. Hypotheses
PY 2007
VL 68
IS 6
BP 1208
EP 1227
DI 10.1016/j.mehy.2006.09.064
PG 20
WC Medicine, Research & Experimental
SC Research & Experimental Medicine
GA 168QV
UT WOS:000246540000004
PM 17141962
ER
PT J
AU Campos-Castello, J
Fernaindez-Mayoralas, DM
Munoz-Jareno, N
Antonio-Arce, VS
AF Campos-Castello, Jaime
Fernaindez-Mayoralas, Daniel M.
Munoz-Jareno, Nuria
Antonio-Arce, Victoria San
TI Rett syndrome: 50 years' history of a still not well known condition
SO MEDICINA-BUENOS AIRES
LA Spanish
DT Article
DE rett syndrome; diagnostic criteria; genetics; molecular diagnosis;
pathogenesis; neuropathology
ID X-CHROMOSOME INACTIVATION; BINDING PROTEIN MECP2; NEURODEVELOPMENTAL
DISORDER; MENTAL-RETARDATION; SYNDROME PHENOTYPE; MOUSE MODEL;
EXPRESSION; MUTATION; BRAIN; AUTISM
AB Since it was first described by Andrea Rett 50 years ago, Rett syndrome (RS) has been the subject of further investigations, nonetheless it continues to be a not well known condition. Our own experience and an updated literature review on RS is presented. RS is a severe dominant X chromosome-linked neurodevelopmental disorder with a characteristic clinical picture that mostly occurs in girls, most of the cases are sporadic and genetically determined. The diagnosis of RS is made based on observation and clinical assessment. Main clinical features are mental retardation, behavioural changes, stereotypes, loss of speech and hand skills, gait apraxia, irregular breathing with hyperventilation while awake, and frequent seizures. The internationally established criteria are reviewed. RS is caused by mutations in MECP2 in the majority of cases, but a proportion of atypical cases may result from mutations in CDKL5. particularly the early onset seizure variant. However, the molecular pathogenesis of this disorder remains unclear, as well as the relation between the mutations in MECP2 and other neurodevelopmental disorders. Neuroimaging, neuropathological and biochemical findings in RS are reviewed. Besides symptomatic treatment, no therapeutic trials have shown effectiveness. Some perspectives in the treatment of RS have been provided by a recent work showing a phenotypic reversal by activation of MeCP2 expression in a mouse model.
C1 [Campos-Castello, Jaime; Fernaindez-Mayoralas, Daniel M.; Munoz-Jareno, Nuria; Antonio-Arce, Victoria San] Hosp Clin Univ San Carlos, Serv Neurol Pediat, Madrid 28040, Spain.
RP Campos-Castello, J (reprint author), Hosp Clin Univ San Carlos, Serv Neurol Pediat, Prof Martin Lagos S-N, Madrid 28040, Spain.
EM jcampos.hcsc@salud.madrid.org
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NR 56
TC 1
Z9 2
PU MEDICINA (BUENOS AIRES)
PI BUENOS AIRES
PA DONATO ALVAREZ 3150, 1427 BUENOS AIRES, ARGENTINA
SN 0025-7680
J9 MEDICINA-BUENOS AIRE
JI Med.-Buenos Aires
PY 2007
VL 67
IS 6
BP 531
EP 542
PN 1
PG 12
WC Medicine, General & Internal
SC General & Internal Medicine
GA 262NJ
UT WOS:000253154900002
PM 18422079
ER
PT J
AU Ruggieri, V
Arberas, C
AF Ruggieri, Victor
Arberas, Claudia
TI Pervasive developmental disorders. Clinical and genetics aspects
SO MEDICINA-BUENOS AIRES
LA Spanish
DT Article
DE autism; Asperger syndrome; Rett syndrome; childhood desintegrative
disorder
ID AUTISM-SPECTRUM DISORDER; UTAH EPIDEMIOLOGIC SURVEY; FRAGILE-X
PREMUTATION; RETT-SYNDROME; ASPERGER-SYNDROME; TUBEROUS SCLEROSIS;
SUSCEPTIBILITY GENES; COGNITIVE PHENOTYPE; INFANTILE-AUTISM; MECP2
MUTATIONS
AB Pervasive developmental disorders (PDD) encompass a heterogeneous group of children with deficits of verbal and non-verbal language, social communication, and with a restricted repertoire of activities or repetitive behaviours. The frequency in general population is considered 27.5/10,000. In this study, we analyzed the clinical and genetic aspects of Autism, Asperger Syndrome, PDD Not Otherwise Specified, Rett Syndrome and Childhood Disintegrative Disorder. We analyzed clinical, behavioural and neuropsychological features. We revised different medical genetics associated conditions and divided the genetics aspects of pervasive developmental disorders into two groups: Syndromic forms (around 20%) and non syndromic forms (currently proposed to be 80%). The early recognition of pervasive developmental disorders and the diagnosis of specific associated syndromes allow early therapy, correct genetic counselling, and follow up anticipating possible complications related to the entity. Finally, although the genetic bases of autism have not yet been identified, the following candidate genes have been proposed: 15q, 2q, 17q, 7q, 12q, and X related genes, among others; which are analyzed in this study and will allow a better understanding of these disorders in the future.
C1 [Ruggieri, Victor] Hosp Pediat Juan P Garrahan, Serv Neurol, Buenos Aires, DF, Argentina.
[Arberas, Claudia] Hosp Ninos Dr Ricardo Gutierrez, Secc Genet, Buenos Aires, DF, Argentina.
RP Ruggieri, V (reprint author), Hosp Pediat Juan P Garrahan, Serv Neurol, Combate De Los Pozos 1881, Buenos Aires, DF, Argentina.
EM vruggieri@intramed.net.ar
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NR 100
TC 5
Z9 6
PU MEDICINA (BUENOS AIRES)
PI BUENOS AIRES
PA DONATO ALVAREZ 3150, 1427 BUENOS AIRES, ARGENTINA
SN 0025-7680
J9 MEDICINA-BUENOS AIRE
JI Med.-Buenos Aires
PY 2007
VL 67
IS 6
BP 569
EP 585
PN 1
PG 17
WC Medicine, General & Internal
SC General & Internal Medicine
GA 262NJ
UT WOS:000253154900006
PM 18422083
ER
PT J
AU Zagminas, K
Surkiene, G
Urbanovic, N
Stukas, R
AF Zagminas, Kestutis
Surkiene, Gene
Urbanovic, Natalija
Stukas, Rimantas
TI Parental attitudes towards children's vaccination
SO MEDICINA-LITHUANIA
LA Lithuanian
DT Article
DE knowledge; attitude; children's vaccination
ID HERD-IMMUNITY; IMMUNIZATION; THIMEROSAL; AUTISM
AB Objective. To assess parental attitudes and knowledge about children's vaccination.
Methods. In this study, 20 day-care centers, 25 schools, and 6 health centers were randomly selected in Vilnius, and an anonymous survey of 2743 parents was conducted. Females made up 85.2% of all respondents, males -14.8%; the mean age was 35.7 years.
Results. Two-thirds of respondents (66.7%) agreed that vaccines for children's immunization are safe; 80.7% stated that vaccination is more beneficial than harmful. Only 16.9% of parents indicated that vaccines cause adverse events more frequently than other medical treatment, 62.7% that vaccines are amongst the most effective and least costly forms of medical treatment, and 35.9% that vaccines always warrant protection. Majority of parents agreed that children's vaccination is essential (89.0%), and children should be vaccinated regularly according schedule (88.6%). Only 30.1% of respondents agreed with the idea of taking a newly developed vaccine even if it has been carefully tested for safety; 42.3% of respondents could afford to pay for nonreimbursed vaccines. On an average, 38.0% of respondents know that they should be revaccinated every 10 years against diphtheria and tetanus, 61.3% have never been vaccinated against influenza. The main sources of information on vaccination are medical institutions (92.2%), print media (38.1%), and broadcast media (38.2%).
Conclusions. While most of respondents can be characterized as having a positive opinion about vaccination, 20-40% of respondents indicated insufficient knowledge on this issue. For implementing the new vaccines, communication efforts should focus on clarifying correct parental beliefs about immunization. Vaccines for child should be reimbursed on the same basis as other medical treatment. Vaccination of adult and risk groups should be emphasized in the national vaccination program.
C1 [Zagminas, Kestutis; Surkiene, Gene; Urbanovic, Natalija; Stukas, Rimantas] Vilnius State Univ, Fac Med, Inst Publ Hlth, LT-03101 Vilnius, Lithuania.
RP Surkiene, G (reprint author), Vilnius State Univ, Fac Med, Inst Publ Hlth, MK Ciurlionio 21, LT-03101 Vilnius, Lithuania.
EM Gene.Surkiene@mf.vu.lt
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*WHO, WHO INFL PAND PREP P
*WHO NICEF, 2005, GLOB IMM VIS STRAT 2
NR 21
TC 0
Z9 0
PU KAUNAS UNIV MEDICINE & VILNIUS UNIV
PI KAUNAS
PA KAUNAS UNIV MEDICINE, A MICKEVICIAUS 9, KAUNAS, LT-44307, LITHUANIA
SN 1010-660X
J9 MED LITH
JI Med. Lith.
PY 2007
VL 43
IS 2
BP 161
EP 169
PG 9
WC Medicine, General & Internal
SC General & Internal Medicine
GA 280AS
UT WOS:000254397900011
PM 17329952
ER
PT J
AU Mervis, CB
Becerra, AM
AF Mervis, Carolyn B.
Becerra, Angela M.
TI Language and communicative development in Williams syndrome
SO MENTAL RETARDATION AND DEVELOPMENTAL DISABILITIES RESEARCH REVIEWS
LA English
DT Review
DE Williams syndrome; language acquisition; intellectual disability; autism
spectrum disorder; modularity
ID SYNDROME COGNITIVE PROFILE; SHORT-TERM-MEMORY; LINGUISTIC ABILITIES;
DOWN-SYNDROME; NEUROPSYCHOLOGICAL PROFILE; WORD SEGMENTATION; ITALIAN
CHILDREN; ACQUISITION; INFANTS; IMPAIRMENT
AB Williams syndrome, a genetic disorder caused by a microdeletion of similar to 25 genes on chromosome 7q11.23, is associated with mild to moderate intellectual disability or learning difficulties. Most individuals with Williams syndrome evidence a cognitive profile including relative strengths in verbal short-term memory and language, and considerable weakness in visuospatial construction. The syndrome has often been argued to provide strong evidence for the independence of language from other aspects of cognition. We provide a brief history of early research on the language abilities of individuals with Williams syndrome and then review contemporary studies of language and cognition in Williams syndrome, beginning with a consideration of performance on standardized assessments. In the remainder of the article, we first consider early language acquisition, with a focus on speech production and perception, vocabulary acquisition, and communicative/pragmatic development and then consider the language abilities of school-age children and adolescents, focusing on semantics, grammar, and pragmatics. We argue that rather than being the paradigm case for the independence of language from cognition, Williams syndrome provides strong evidence of the interdependence of many aspects of language and cognition. (C) 2007 Wiley-Liss, Inc. MRDD Research Reviews 2007;13:3-15.
C1 Univ Louisville, Dept Psychol & Brain Sci, Louisville, KY 40292 USA.
RP Mervis, CB (reprint author), Univ Louisville, Dept Psychol & Brain Sci, 317 Life Sci Bldg, Louisville, KY 40292 USA.
EM cbmervis@louisville.edu
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NR 109
TC 52
Z9 54
PU WILEY-LISS
PI HOBOKEN
PA DIV JOHN WILEY & SONS INC, 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN, NJ 07030 USA
SN 1080-4013
J9 MENT RETARD DEV D R
JI Ment. Retard. Dev. Disabil. Res. Rev.
PY 2007
VL 13
IS 1
BP 3
EP 15
DI 10.1002/mrdd.20140
PG 13
WC Clinical Neurology; Neurosciences; Pediatrics; Psychiatry
SC Neurosciences & Neurology; Pediatrics; Psychiatry
GA 141OC
UT WOS:000244587200002
PM 17326109
ER
PT J
AU Landa, R
AF Landa, Rebecca
TI Early communication development and intervention for children with
autism
SO MENTAL RETARDATION AND DEVELOPMENTAL DISABILITIES RESEARCH REVIEWS
LA English
DT Review
DE autism; communication; early development; early intervention
ID INTENSIVE BEHAVIORAL TREATMENT; MILIEU LANGUAGE INTERVENTION; JOINT
ATTENTION; YOUNG-CHILDREN; SPECTRUM DISORDERS; SYMBOLIC PLAY; 2ND YEAR;
SOCIAL COMMUNICATION; MENTAL-RETARDATION; PRETEND PLAY
AB Autism is a neurodevelopmental disorder defined by impairments in social and communication development, accompanied by stereotyped patterns of behavior and interest. The focus of this paper is on the early development of communication in autism, and early intervention for impairments in communication associated with this disorder. An overview of components of communication is provided. Communication characteristics that are diagnostic of autism are summarized, with consideration of the overlap between social and communication impairment, particularly for children with autism functioning at the prelinguistic level. Early communication development and predictors of communication functioning in autism are examined, based on a review of prospective and retrospective studies. The focus of the discussion then turns to intervention. Consideration is given to the rationale for beginning intervention as early in life as possible for children with autism. Implications of motor, imitation, and play deficits for communication-based intervention are examined. Finally, issues related to the design and delivery of intervention for young children with autism are presented, along with a review of the major early intervention approaches for autism. (C) 2007 Wiley-Liss, Inc. MRDD Research Reviews 2007:13:16-25.
C1 Kennedy Krieger Inst, Ctr Autism & Related Disorders, Baltimore, MD USA.
Johns Hopkins Sch Med, Dept Psychiat, Baltimore, MD USA.
RP Landa, R (reprint author), 3901 Greenspring Ave, Baltimore, MD 21211 USA.
EM landa@kennedykrieger.org
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NR 149
TC 53
Z9 54
PU WILEY-LISS
PI HOBOKEN
PA DIV JOHN WILEY & SONS INC, 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN, NJ 07030 USA
SN 1080-4013
J9 MENT RETARD DEV D R
JI Ment. Retard. Dev. Disabil. Res. Rev.
PY 2007
VL 13
IS 1
BP 16
EP 25
DI 10.1002/mrdd.20134
PG 10
WC Clinical Neurology; Neurosciences; Pediatrics; Psychiatry
SC Neurosciences & Neurology; Pediatrics; Psychiatry
GA 141OC
UT WOS:000244587200003
PM 17326115
ER
PT J
AU Abbeduto, L
Brady, N
Kover, ST
AF Abbeduto, Leonard
Brady, Nancy
Kover, Sara T.
TI Language development and fragile X syndrome: Profiles,
syndrome-specificity, and within-syndrome differences
SO MENTAL RETARDATION AND DEVELOPMENTAL DISABILITIES RESEARCH REVIEWS
LA English
DT Review
DE fragile X syndrome; language; communication; autism; mental retardation
ID NONSPECIFIC MENTAL-RETARDATION; DOWN-SYNDROME; YOUNG-CHILDREN; FMR1
GENE; NEUROBEHAVIORAL PHENOTYPE; JOINT ATTENTION; NEUROCOGNITIVE
PHENOTYPE; PREMUTATION CARRIERS; INTERMEDIATE ALLELES; FAMILY
EXPERIENCES
AB Fragile X syndrome (FXS) is the leading inherited cause of mental retardation. In this article, we review what is known about the language and related problems of individuals with FXS. In doing so, we focus on the syndrome-specific features of the language phenotype and on the organismic (i.e., genetic and individual neurocognitive and behavioral) and environmental factors associated with within-syndrome variation in the phenotype. We also briefly review those aspects of the behavioral phenotype of FXS that are relevant for understanding syndrome-specific features of, and within-syndrome variability in, language. The review includes summaries of research on the pre-linguistic foundations for language development and on each of the major components of language (i.e., vocabulary, morphosyntax, and pragmatics). Throughout the review, we point out implications of existing research for intervention as well as directions for future research. (C) 2007 Wiley-Liss, Inc. MRDD Research Reviews 2007,13:36-46.
C1 Univ Wisconsin, Waisman Ctr, Madison, WI 53705 USA.
Univ Kansas, Schiefelbusch Inst Life Span Studies, Lawrence, KS 66045 USA.
RP Abbeduto, L (reprint author), Univ Wisconsin, Waisman Ctr, 1500 Highland Ave, Madison, WI 53705 USA.
EM abbeduto@waisman-wisc.edu
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NR 137
TC 51
Z9 55
PU WILEY-LISS
PI HOBOKEN
PA DIV JOHN WILEY & SONS INC, 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN, NJ 07030 USA
SN 1080-4013
J9 MENT RETARD DEV D R
JI Ment. Retard. Dev. Disabil. Res. Rev.
PY 2007
VL 13
IS 1
BP 36
EP 46
DI 10.1002/mrdd.20142
PG 11
WC Clinical Neurology; Neurosciences; Pediatrics; Psychiatry
SC Neurosciences & Neurology; Pediatrics; Psychiatry
GA 141OC
UT WOS:000244587200005
PM 17326110
ER
PT J
AU Muller, RA
AF Mueller, Ralph-Axel
TI The study of autism as a distributed disorder
SO MENTAL RETARDATION AND DEVELOPMENTAL DISABILITIES RESEARCH REVIEWS
LA English
DT Review
DE autism; brain imaging; connectivity; functional networks
ID HIGH-FUNCTIONING AUTISM; DEVELOPMENTAL LANGUAGE DISORDER; MEDIAL
TEMPORAL-LOBE; FRAGILE-X-SYNDROME; ASPERGER-SYNDROME; WHITE-MATTER;
MAGNETIC-RESONANCE; SPECTRUM DISORDER; YOUNG-CHILDREN; SENTENCE
COMPREHENSION
AB Past autism research has often been dedicated to tracing the causes of the disorder to a localized neurological abnormality, a single functional network, or a single cognitive-behavioral domain. In this review, I argue that autism is a "distributed disorder" on various levels of study (genetic, neuroanatomical, neurofunctional, behavioral). "Localizing" models are therefore not promising. The large array of potential genetic risk factors suggests that multiple (or all) emerging functional brain networks are affected during early development. This is supported by widespread growth abnormalities throughout the brain. Interactions during development between affected functional networks and atypical experiential effects (associated with atypical behavior) in children with autism further complicate the neurological bases of the disorder, resulting in an "exponentially distributed" profile. Promising approaches to a better characterization of neural endophenotypes in autism are provided by techniques investigating white matter and connectivity, such as MR spectroscopy, diffusion-tensor imaging (DTI), and functional connectivity MRI. According to a recent hypothesis, the autistic brain is generally characterized by "underconnectivity." However, not all findings are consistent with this view. The concepts and methodology of functional connectivity need to be refined and results need to be corroborated by anatomical studies (such as DTI tractography) before definitive conclusions can be drawn. (C) 2007 Wiley-Liss, Inc.
C1 San Diego State Univ, Dept Psychol, Brain Dev Imaging Lab, San Diego, CA 92120 USA.
Univ Calif San Diego, Dept Cognit Sci, San Diego, CA 92103 USA.
RP Muller, RA (reprint author), San Diego State Univ, Dept Psychol, Brain Dev Imaging Lab, 6363 Alvarado Ct,225 E, San Diego, CA 92120 USA.
EM amueller@sciences.sdsu.edu
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NR 119
TC 90
Z9 92
PU WILEY-LISS
PI HOBOKEN
PA DIV JOHN WILEY & SONS INC, 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN, NJ 07030 USA
SN 1080-4013
J9 MENT RETARD DEV D R
JI Ment. Retard. Dev. Disabil. Res. Rev.
PY 2007
VL 13
IS 1
BP 85
EP 95
DI 10.1002/mrdd.20141
PG 11
WC Clinical Neurology; Neurosciences; Pediatrics; Psychiatry
SC Neurosciences & Neurology; Pediatrics; Psychiatry
GA 141OC
UT WOS:000244587200010
PM 17326118
ER
PT J
AU Smith, SD
AF Smith, Shelley D.
TI Genes, language development, and language disorders
SO MENTAL RETARDATION AND DEVELOPMENTAL DISABILITIES RESEARCH REVIEWS
LA English
DT Review
DE behavior genetics; neurodevelopmental genetics; language disorders;
language impairment; dyslexia; reading disability
ID QUANTITATIVE-TRAIT LOCUS; ATTENTION-DEFICIT/HYPERACTIVITY DISORDER;
DYSLEXIA SUSCEPTIBILITY LOCUS; PHONOLOGICAL CODING DYSLEXIA;
SPEECH-SOUND DISORDER; MICROTUBULE-ASSOCIATED PROTEIN; FAMILY-BASED
ASSOCIATION; COMPLEX COGNITIVE TRAIT; GENOME-WIDE SCAN;
READING-DISABILITY
AB Genetic factors are important contributors to language and learning disorders, and discovery of the underlying genes can help delineate the basic neurological pathways that are involved. This information, in turn, can help define disorders and their perceptual and processing deficits. Initial molecular genetic studies of dyslexia, for example, appear to converge on defects in neuronal and axonal migration. Further study of individuals with abnormalities of these genes may lead to the recognition of characteristic cognitive deficits attributable to the neurological dysfunction. Such abnormalities may affect other disorders as well, and studies of co-morbidity of dyslexia with attention deficit disorder and speech sound disorder are helping to define the scope of these genes and show the etiological and cognitive commonalities between these conditions. The genetic contributions to specific language impairment (SLI) are not as well defined at this time, but similar molecular approaches are being applied to identify genes that influence SLI and comorbid disorders. While there is co-morbidity of SLI with dyslexia, it appears that most of the common genetic effects may be with the language characteristics of autism spectrum disorders rather than with dyslexia and related disorders. Identification of these genes and their neurological and cognitive effects should lay out a functional network of interacting genes and pathways that subserve language development. Understanding these processes can form the basis for refined procedures for diagnosis and treatment. (C) 2007 Wiley-Liss, Inc. MRDD Research Reviews 2007; 13:96-105.
C1 Univ Nebraska, Med Ctr, Dept Pediat, Omaha, NE 68198 USA.
RP Smith, SD (reprint author), Univ Nebraska, Med Ctr, Dept Pediat, 985456 Nebraska Med Ctr, Omaha, NE 68198 USA.
EM ssmith@unmc.edu
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NR 116
TC 33
Z9 33
PU WILEY-LISS
PI HOBOKEN
PA DIV JOHN WILEY & SONS INC, 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN, NJ 07030 USA
SN 1080-4013
J9 MENT RETARD DEV D R
JI Ment. Retard. Dev. Disabil. Res. Rev.
PY 2007
VL 13
IS 1
BP 96
EP 105
DI 10.1002/mrdd.20135
PG 10
WC Clinical Neurology; Neurosciences; Pediatrics; Psychiatry
SC Neurosciences & Neurology; Pediatrics; Psychiatry
GA 141OC
UT WOS:000244587200011
PM 17326114
ER
PT J
AU Shattuck, PT
Grosse, SD
AF Shattuck, Paul T.
Grosse, Scott D.
TI Issues related to the diagnosis and treatment of autism spectrum
disorders
SO MENTAL RETARDATION AND DEVELOPMENTAL DISABILITIES RESEARCH REVIEWS
LA English
DT Review
DE autism; policy; developmental screening; special education; early
intervention
ID PERVASIVE DEVELOPMENTAL DISORDERS; BEHAVIORAL TREATMENT; UNITED-STATES;
CHILDREN; PREVALENCE; MEDICAID; AGE
AB This paper explores issues and implications for diagnosis and treatment, stemming from the growing number of children identified with autism spectrum disorders (ASDs). Recent developments and innovations in special education and Medicaid programs are emphasized. Eligibility determination policies, innovations in diagnostic practices, the cost and financing of assessment, variability among programs in diagnostic criteria, and racial/ethnic disparities in the timing of diagnosis all influence the capacity of service systems to provide diagnoses in a timely, coordinated, accurate, economical, and equitable manner. There are several barriers to the more widespread provision of intensive intervention for children with ASDs, including lack of strong evidence of effectiveness in scaled-up public programs, uncertainty about the extent of obligations to provide services under the Individuals with Disabilities Education Act, high cost of intervention, and variability among states in their willingness to fund intensive intervention via Medicaid. Innovative policy experiments with respect to financing intensive intervention through schools and Medicaid are being conducted in a number of states. (C) 2007 Wiley-Liss, Inc.
C1 Univ Wisconsin, Waisman Ctr 533, Madison, WI 53705 USA.
Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Birth Defects & Dev Disabil, Atlanta, GA USA.
RP Shattuck, PT (reprint author), Univ Wisconsin, Waisman Ctr 533, 1500 Highland Ave, Madison, WI 53705 USA.
EM shattuck@waisman.wisc.edu
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NR 61
TC 34
Z9 35
PU WILEY-LISS
PI HOBOKEN
PA DIV JOHN WILEY & SONS INC, 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN, NJ 07030 USA
SN 1080-4013
J9 MENT RETARD DEV D R
JI Ment. Retard. Dev. Disabil. Res. Rev.
PY 2007
VL 13
IS 2
BP 129
EP 135
DI 10.1002/mrdd.20143
PG 7
WC Clinical Neurology; Neurosciences; Pediatrics; Psychiatry
SC Neurosciences & Neurology; Pediatrics; Psychiatry
GA 189SW
UT WOS:000248009800005
PM 17563895
ER
PT J
AU Muller, RA
AF Muller, R-A
TI Atypical activity seen in adolescents or adults, who have lived with
autism for many years, may reflect the brain's normal plasticity in
response to atypical perceptual input. (vol 13, pg 85, 2007)
SO MENTAL RETARDATION AND DEVELOPMENTAL DISABILITIES RESEARCH REVIEWS
LA English
DT Correction
CR Muller RA, 2007, MENT RETARD DEV D R, V13, P85, DOI 10.1002/mrdd.20141
NR 1
TC 0
Z9 0
PU WILEY-LISS
PI HOBOKEN
PA DIV JOHN WILEY & SONS INC, 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN, NJ 07030 USA
SN 1080-4013
J9 MENT RETARD DEV D R
JI Ment. Retard. Dev. Disabil. Res. Rev.
PY 2007
VL 13
IS 2
BP 195
EP 195
DI 10.1002/mrdd.20154
PG 1
WC Clinical Neurology; Neurosciences; Pediatrics; Psychiatry
SC Neurosciences & Neurology; Pediatrics; Psychiatry
GA 189SW
UT WOS:000248009800013
ER
PT J
AU Dykens, EM
AF Dykens, Elisabeth M.
TI Psychiatric and behavioral disorders in persons with Down syndrome
SO MENTAL RETARDATION AND DEVELOPMENTAL DISABILITIES RESEARCH REVIEWS
LA English
DT Review
DE psychopathology; behavioral problem; psychiatric illness; risk and
protective factors; Down syndrome
ID AUTISTIC-SPECTRUM DISORDERS; MENTAL-RETARDATION; ALZHEIMERS-DISEASE;
INTELLECTUAL DISABILITY; LEARNING-DISABILITIES; MALADAPTIVE BEHAVIOR;
MATERNAL STRESS; CHILDREN; ADULTS; PREVALENCE
AB Similar to the state of the broader intellectual disabilities field, many gaps exist in the research and treatment of mental health concerns in people with Down syndrome. This review summarizes key findings on the type and prevalence of behavior and emotional problems in children, adolescents, and adults with Down syndrome. Such findings include relatively low rates of severe problems in children, and well-documented risks of depression and Alzheimer's disease in older adults. The review also considers emerging data on autism, and the paucity of studies on adolescents. Three next steps for research are highlighted, including a need to: (1) connect research on psychiatric status and diagnoses across developmental periods, including adolescence, and to examine such associated processes as sociability, anxiety and attention; (2) unravel complicated bopsycho-social risk and protective factors that serve to increase or diminish psychopathology; and (3) identify evidence-based treatments that both reduce distressful symptoms and enhance well-being in individuals with Down syndrome. (C) 2007 Wiley-Liss, Inc.
C1 Vanderbilt Univ, Vanderbilt Kennedy Ctr Res Human Dev, Nashville, TN 37203 USA.
RP Dykens, EM (reprint author), Vanderbilt Univ, Vanderbilt Kennedy Ctr Res Human Dev, Nashville, TN 37203 USA.
EM elisabeth.dykens@vanderbilt.edu
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NR 73
TC 59
Z9 60
PU WILEY-LISS
PI HOBOKEN
PA DIV JOHN WILEY & SONS INC, 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN, NJ 07030 USA
SN 1080-4013
J9 MENT RETARD DEV D R
JI Ment. Retard. Dev. Disabil. Res. Rev.
PY 2007
VL 13
IS 3
BP 272
EP 278
DI 10.1002/mrdd.20159
PG 7
WC Clinical Neurology; Neurosciences; Pediatrics; Psychiatry
SC Neurosciences & Neurology; Pediatrics; Psychiatry
GA 220YT
UT WOS:000250194000010
PM 17910080
ER
PT J
AU Skinner, D
Weisner, TS
AF Skinner, Debra
Weisner, Thomas S.
TI Sociocultural studies of families of children with intellectual
disabilities
SO MENTAL RETARDATION AND DEVELOPMENTAL DISABILITIES RESEARCH REVIEWS
LA English
DT Review
DE family studies; mixed methods; meaning; cultural context; family
ecology; qualitative methods
ID HIGH-FUNCTIONING AUTISM; DEVELOPMENTAL DELAYS; MENTAL-RETARDATION;
PROBLEM BEHAVIOR; POOR FAMILIES; PARENTS; LIFE; PERSPECTIVES;
IMPAIRMENT; CHILDHOOD
AB This article reviews recent sociocultural studies of families of children with intellectual disabilities to introduce the range of research conducted from this perspective and to highlight the methodological, conceptual, and theoretical contributions of this approach to the study of mental retardation. Sociocultural studies examine families within their cultural, historical, and sociopolitical contexts. This type of research is comparative across different cultural groups, but is not limited to such comparisons. Sociocultural studies use varied theories and methods, but they share a focus on families' coproduction of meanings and practices related to intellectual disability; families' responses and adaptations to disability; and how their understandings and experiences are shaped within larger social institutions and inequities. Sociocultural approaches take into account community contexts that matter to families with members with mental retardation or developmental delay, and they examine the broader systems that define and position individuals with disabilities and their families. As a whole, these studies provide a more experiential and holistic view of families' beliefs and adaptations within sociopolitical worlds, and offer new tools by which to study the families of children with developmental delays within and across different cultural groups. (c) 2007 Wiley-Liss, Inc.
C1 Univ N Carolina, FPG Child Dev Inst, Chapel Hill, NC 27599 USA.
Univ Calif Los Angeles, Ctr Culture & Hlth, NPI Semel Inst Neurosci, Dept Psychiat, Los Angeles, CA 90024 USA.
RP Skinner, D (reprint author), Univ N Carolina, FPG Child Dev Inst, 105 smith Level Rd, Chapel Hill, NC 27599 USA.
EM skinner@tnail.fpg.unc.edu
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NR 91
TC 21
Z9 21
PU WILEY-LISS
PI HOBOKEN
PA DIV JOHN WILEY & SONS INC, 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN, NJ 07030 USA
SN 1080-4013
J9 MENT RETARD DEV D R
JI Ment. Retard. Dev. Disabil. Res. Rev.
PY 2007
VL 13
IS 4
BP 302
EP 312
DI 10.1002/mrdd.20170
PG 11
WC Clinical Neurology; Neurosciences; Pediatrics; Psychiatry
SC Neurosciences & Neurology; Pediatrics; Psychiatry
GA 232GB
UT WOS:000251005300003
PM 17979204
ER
PT J
AU Orsmond, GI
Seltzer, MM
AF Orsmond, Gael I.
Seltzer, Marsha Mailick
TI Siblings of individuals withautism spectrum disorders across the life
course
SO MENTAL RETARDATION AND DEVELOPMENTAL DISABILITIES RESEARCH REVIEWS
LA English
DT Review
DE siblings; lifespan; sibling relationship; well-being
ID MENTAL-RETARDATION; BEHAVIORAL-ADJUSTMENT; FAMILY HISTORY;
DEVELOPMENTAL-DISABILITIES; RELATIONSHIP QUALITY; ASPERGERS-SYNDROME;
EARLY ADOLESCENCE; AUTISM PHENOTYPE; ADULT SIBLINGS; SOCIAL SUPPORT
AB In this article, we review the literature on siblings of individuals with autism spectrum disorders (ASD) from a lifespan developmental perspective, from infancy through adulthood, focusing on the sibling relationship and sibling well-being. We situate this review within the larger body of research on siblings of individuals with developmental disabilities (DD) across the lifespan. We then consider the genetic aspects of ASDS and their implications for siblings. We conclude that there is an evidence of atypical social and communication development in some siblings of children with an ASD during infancy. During childhood and adolescence, siblings describe both positive and negative aspects of their sibling relationship and there is some evidence that siblings of children with an ASD may be at heightened risk for social and behavioral adjustment problems. The limited research on adulthood suggests that lack of closeness in the sibling relationship and social and emotional difficulties may continue. We encourage more attention focused on developmental issues, specifically with respect to samples in narrower age groups and in longitudinal research. Finally, we note the variability in sibling outcomes, and suggest further examination of potential moderating and mediating factors, including genetic predispositions. (c) 2007 Wiley-Liss, Inc.
C1 Boston Univ, Dept Occupat Therapy & Rehabil Counseling, Boston, MA 02215 USA.
Univ Wisconsin, Waisman Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA.
RP Orsmond, GI (reprint author), Boston Univ, Dept Occupat Therapy & Rehabil Counseling, 635 Commonwealth Ave, Boston, MA 02215 USA.
EM gorsmond@bu.edn
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NR 70
TC 34
Z9 34
PU WILEY-LISS
PI HOBOKEN
PA DIV JOHN WILEY & SONS INC, 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN, NJ 07030 USA
SN 1080-4013
J9 MENT RETARD DEV D R
JI Ment. Retard. Dev. Disabil. Res. Rev.
PY 2007
VL 13
IS 4
BP 313
EP 320
DI 10.1002/mrdd.20171
PG 8
WC Clinical Neurology; Neurosciences; Pediatrics; Psychiatry
SC Neurosciences & Neurology; Pediatrics; Psychiatry
GA 232GB
UT WOS:000251005300004
PM 17979200
ER
PT J
AU Hastings, RP
Lloyd, T
AF Hastings, Richard P.
Lloyd, Tracey
TI Expressed emotion in famities of childrien and adutls with intellectual
disabrities
SO MENTAL RETARDATION AND DEVELOPMENTAL DISABILITIES RESEARCH REVIEWS
LA English
DT Review
DE expressed emotion; criticism; emotional over-involvement; families;
intellectual disability; autism
ID 5-MINUTE SPEECH SAMPLE; BEHAVIOR PROBLEMS; LEARNING-DISABILITIES;
RELATIONSHIP QUALITY; PSYCHIATRIC-ILLNESS; SPECTRUM DISORDERS; PARENTING
STRESS; YOUNG-CHILDREN; MOTHERS; FAMILY
AB Expressed emotion (EE) is a measure of the affective relationship between two people characterized by criticism, hostility, and emotionally over-involved attitudes. Outside of the field of intellectual disabilities, there has been considerable interest in EE as an environmental marker that explains variance in the severity and/or course of a number of psychiatric disorders. Researchers have also studied EE in parents and found strong associations with children's behavior problems. In this review, we focus on the data from I I published studies of EE in families of children and adults with intellectual disabilities. We conclude that there is evidence for the presence of high EE in some families, and that this alone should concern researchers and clinicians and set an agenda for considerable future rE search effort. We also note a lack of attention to the measurement of EE in intellectual disability. In terms of the existing evidence base, we suggest that there is support for the hypothesis that behavior problems in children and adults with intellectual disabilities may be related to high EE in parents, and a small amount of data predicting over time support the putative causal effect of high EE on maintaining or exacerbating behavior problems. Given that EE is perhaps best conceptualized as the result of an interaction between caregivers and those cared for, there is a need to explore interventions that may help to remediate high EE within families. It is also important to understand from this position that EE may be a normative part of the experience of caring for someone under very stressful circumstances and not something for which families are blamed. Other future research priorities and some implications for practice are also discussed. (c) 2007 Wiley-Liss, Inc.
C1 Bangor Univ, Sch Psychol, Bangor LL57 2AS, Gwynedd, Wales.
RP Hastings, RP (reprint author), Bangor Univ, Sch Psychol, Bangor LL57 2AS, Gwynedd, Wales.
EM r.hastings@bangor.ac.uk
RI Hastings, Richard/D-9657-2013
OI Hastings, Richard/0000-0002-0495-8270
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NR 43
TC 20
Z9 20
PU WILEY-LISS
PI HOBOKEN
PA DIV JOHN WILEY & SONS INC, 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN, NJ 07030 USA
SN 1080-4013
J9 MENT RETARD DEV D R
JI Ment. Retard. Dev. Disabil. Res. Rev.
PY 2007
VL 13
IS 4
BP 339
EP 345
DI 10.1002/mrdd.20173
PG 7
WC Clinical Neurology; Neurosciences; Pediatrics; Psychiatry
SC Neurosciences & Neurology; Pediatrics; Psychiatry
GA 232GB
UT WOS:000251005300007
PM 17979206
ER
PT J
AU Turnbull, AP
Summers, JA
Lee, SH
Kyzar, K
AF Turnbull, Ann P.
Summers, Jean Ann
Lee, Suk-Hyang
Kyzar, Kathleen
TI Conceptualization and measurement of family outcomes associated with
families of individuals with intiellectual disabilities
SO MENTAL RETARDATION AND DEVELOPMENTAL DISABILITIES RESEARCH REVIEWS
LA English
DT Review
DE family well-being; family adaptation; family functioning; family quality
of life; parenting capabilities; mental retardation; intellectual
disability; autism; developmental disabilities; family support
ID QUALITY-OF-LIFE; EARLY INTERVENTION PROGRAMS;
DEVELOPMENTAL-DISABILITIES; INTELLECTUAL DISABILITIES;
MENTAL-RETARDATION; REARING CHILDREN; EARLY-CHILDHOOD; YOUNG-CHILDREN;
MOTHERS; ADAPTATION
AB The purpose of this review is to (a) document the current status of conceptualizing and measuring family outcomes related to having a member with an intellectual disability and (b) determine the extent to which family research focuses on internal family characteristics as contrasted to external family support. The reviewers collected 28 articles using the terms well-being, adaptation, family functioning, or family quality of life in the title. Results of our analyses are presented as a comparison between well-being, adaptation, and family functioning articles in one group and family quality of life articles in a second group. Both groups lacked explicit conceptual definitions, theory, and random/representative samples. The articles placed an undue emphasis on maternal participation, and tended to report a single family member score as representative of the whole family. Two major differences between the groups was a tendency for family quality of life studies to be grounded in conceptual frameworks and focus on new instrument development. Recommendations for future research directions are included. (c) 2007 Wiley-Liss, Inc.
C1 Univ Kansas, Beach Ctr Disabil, Lawrence, KS 66045 USA.
RP Turnbull, AP (reprint author), Univ Kansas, Beach Ctr, Haworth Hall,Rm 3136,1200 Sunnyside Dr, Lawrence, KS 66045 USA.
EM turnbull@ku.edu
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NR 58
TC 24
Z9 24
PU WILEY-LISS
PI HOBOKEN
PA DIV JOHN WILEY & SONS INC, 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN, NJ 07030 USA
SN 1080-4013
J9 MENT RETARD DEV D R
JI Ment. Retard. Dev. Disabil. Res. Rev.
PY 2007
VL 13
IS 4
BP 346
EP 356
DI 10.1002/mrdd.20174
PG 11
WC Clinical Neurology; Neurosciences; Pediatrics; Psychiatry
SC Neurosciences & Neurology; Pediatrics; Psychiatry
GA 232GB
UT WOS:000251005300008
PM 17979209
ER
PT J
AU Singer, GHS
Ethridge, BL
Aldana, SI
AF Singer, George H. S.
Ethridge, Brandy L.
Aldana, Sandra I.
TI Primary and secondary effects of parenting and stress management
interventions for parents of children with developmental disabilities: A
meta-analysis
SO MENTAL RETARDATION AND DEVELOPMENTAL DISABILITIES RESEARCH REVIEWS
LA English
DT Review
DE rneta-analysis; developmental disability; treatment efficacy; parent
training; stress management; evidence-based treatment
ID SKILLS TRAINING-PROGRAM; MENTAL-RETARDATION; BEHAVIOR PROBLEMS;
INTELLECTUAL DISABILITIES; PRESCHOOL-CHILDREN; AUTISM; DEPRESSION;
FAMILIES; MOTHERS; ADJUSTMENT
AB A meta-analysis of the group intervention research for parents of children with developmental disabilities was conducted in order to characterize the efficacy of treatments in reducing depressive symptoms and other forms of psychological distress associated with stress in parents of children with developmental disabilities. An extensive search led to the identification of 17 studies which were divided into three categories for comparative purposes: parenting education studies usually based on behavioral parent training, coping skills education studies based primarily on cognitive behavioral training, and studies that combined these methods along with other support services. Studies were rated for the quality of the research designs and of the reports. Consistent positive benefits were found in the form of reductions in parents' distress, and these effects were comparable to those reported in other syntheses of parenting interventions for parents of children without disabilities. The studies were evaluated in order to assess whether or not they met standards for established evidence-based practices. On the basis of the quality and number of the randomized trials, we present evidence to support the claim that there are established evidence-based interventions for reducing psychological distress at least in middle-class mothers in the short term. The interventions for fathers are promising as are the data on somewhat longer-term effects. The need for replications with a more diverse group of parents and longer-term follow-up were discussed. Multiple component interventions addressing both parent well-being and behavioral parent training were significantly more effective than either behavioral parent training or cognitive behavioral training along. (c) 2007 Wiley-Liss, Inc.
C1 Univ Calif Santa Barbara, Gevirtz Grad Sch Educ, Dept Educ, Santa Barbara, CA 93106 USA.
RP Singer, GHS (reprint author), Univ Calif Santa Barbara, Gevirtz Grad Sch Educ, Dept Educ, Santa Barbara, CA 93106 USA.
EM singer@education.ucsb.edu
RI Ethridge, Brandy/E-9788-2010
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NR 72
TC 44
Z9 44
PU WILEY-LISS
PI HOBOKEN
PA DIV JOHN WILEY & SONS INC, 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN, NJ 07030 USA
SN 1080-4013
J9 MENT RETARD DEV D R
JI Ment. Retard. Dev. Disabil. Res. Rev.
PY 2007
VL 13
IS 4
BP 357
EP 369
DI 10.1002/mrdd.20175
PG 13
WC Clinical Neurology; Neurosciences; Pediatrics; Psychiatry
SC Neurosciences & Neurology; Pediatrics; Psychiatry
GA 232GB
UT WOS:000251005300009
PM 17979202
ER
PT J
AU Petek, E
Schwarzbraun, T
Noor, A
Patel, M
Nakabayashi, K
Choufani, S
Windpassinger, C
Stamenkovic, M
Robertson, MM
Aschauer, HN
Gurling, HMD
Kroisel, PM
Wagner, K
Scherer, SW
Vincent, JB
AF Petek, Erwin
Schwarzbraun, Thomas
Noor, Abdul
Patel, Megha
Nakabayashi, Kazuhiko
Choufani, Sanaa
Windpassinger, Christian
Stamenkovic, Mara
Robertson, Mary M.
Aschauer, Harald N.
Gurling, Hugh M. D.
Kroisel, Peter M.
Wagner, Klaus
Scherer, Stephen W.
Vincent, John B.
TI Molecular and genomic studies of IMMP2L and mutation screening in autism
and Tourette syndrome
SO MOLECULAR GENETICS AND GENOMICS
LA English
DT Article
DE autism; Tourette; chromosome 7; inner mitochondrial peptidase 2-like
ID MITOCHONDRIAL INNER MEMBRANE; NUCLEOTIDE; ASSOCIATION; PROTEASE; 7Q31;
BREAKPOINT; COMPLEX; REGION; ARRAYS
AB We recently reported the disruption of the inner mitochondrial membrane peptidase 2-like (IMMP2L) gene by a chromosomal breakpoint in a patient with Gilles de la Tourette syndrome (GTS). In the present study we sought to identify genetic variation in IMMP2L, which, through alteration of protein function or level of expression might contribute to the manifestation of GTS. We screened 39 GTS patients, and, due to the localization of IMMP2L in the critical region for the autistic disorder (AD) locus on chromosome 7q (AUTS1), 95 multiplex AD families; however, no coding mutations were found in either GTS or AD patients. In addition, no parental-specific expression of IMMP2L was detected in somatic cell hybrids containing human chromosome 7 and human cell lines carrying a maternal uniparental disomy for chromosome 7 (mUPD7). Despite the fact that no deleterious mutations in IMMPL2 (other than the inverted duplication identified previously) were identified in either GTS or AD, this gene cannot be excluded as a possible rare cause of either disorder.
C1 Ctr Addict & Mental Hlth, Neurogenet Sect, Toronto, ON M5T 1R8, Canada.
Med Univ Graz, Inst Med Biol & Human Genet, A-8010 Graz, Austria.
Univ Toronto, Hosp Sick Children, Program Genet & Genom Biol, Toronto, ON M5G 1X8, Canada.
Univ Vienna, Hosp Psychiat, Dept Gen Psychiat, Vienna, Austria.
UCL Royal Free & UCL Med Sch, Windeyer Inst Med Sci, Dept Psychiat & Behav Sci, Mol Psychiat Lab, London, England.
RP Vincent, JB (reprint author), Ctr Addict & Mental Hlth, Neurogenet Sect, 250 Coll St, Toronto, ON M5T 1R8, Canada.
EM john_vincent@camh.net
RI Howe, Jennifer/I-9013-2012; Scherer, Stephen /B-3785-2013; Gurling,
Hugh/A-5029-2010
OI Scherer, Stephen /0000-0002-8326-1999;
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NR 27
TC 21
Z9 24
PU SPRINGER HEIDELBERG
PI HEIDELBERG
PA TIERGARTENSTRASSE 17, D-69121 HEIDELBERG, GERMANY
SN 1617-4615
J9 MOL GENET GENOMICS
JI Mol. Genet. Genomics
PD JAN
PY 2007
VL 277
IS 1
BP 71
EP 81
DI 10.1007/s00438-006-0173-1
PG 11
WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Genetics & Heredity
SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Genetics & Heredity
GA 117ED
UT WOS:000242854600007
PM 17043892
ER
PT J
AU Freitag, CM
AF Freitag, C. M.
TI The genetics of autistic disorders and its clinical relevance: a review
of the literature
SO MOLECULAR PSYCHIATRY
LA English
DT Review
DE review; autistic disorders; cytogenetics; molecular genetics; genetic
counselling
ID SEROTONIN TRANSPORTER GENE; PERVASIVE DEVELOPMENTAL DISORDERS;
LEMLI-OPITZ-SYNDROME; RECEPTOR SUBUNIT GENES; TUBEROUS SCLEROSIS
COMPLEX; DEFECTIVE CHOLESTEROL-BIOSYNTHESIS; OBSESSIVE-COMPULSIVE
BEHAVIORS; HOMEOBOX-TRANSCRIPTION-FACTOR; RECIPROCAL SOCIAL-BEHAVIOR;
HOXA1 A218G POLYMORPHISM
AB Twin and family studies in autistic disorders ( AD) have elucidated a high heritability of the narrow and broad phenotype of AD. In this review on the genetics of AD, we will initially delineate the phenotype of AD and discuss aspects of differential diagnosis, which are particularly relevant with regard to the genetics of autism. Cytogenetic and molecular genetic studies will be presented in detail, and the possibly involved aetiopathological pathways will be described. Implications of the different genetic findings for genetic counselling will be mentioned.
C1 Saarland Univ Hosp, Dept Child & Adolescent Psychiat, D-66421 Homburg, Germany.
RP Freitag, CM (reprint author), Saarland Univ Hosp, Dept Child & Adolescent Psychiat, Kirrbergerstr 1, D-66421 Homburg, Germany.
EM christine.freitag@uniklinikum-saarland.de
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NR 267
TC 268
Z9 274
PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP
PI LONDON
PA MACMILLAN BUILDING, 4 CRINAN ST, LONDON N1 9XW, ENGLAND
SN 1359-4184
J9 MOL PSYCHIATR
JI Mol. Psychiatr.
PD JAN
PY 2007
VL 12
IS 1
BP 2
EP 22
DI 10.1038/sj.mp.4001896
PG 21
WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Neurosciences; Psychiatry
SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Neurosciences & Neurology; Psychiatry
GA 119EF
UT WOS:000242994300001
PM 17033636
ER
PT J
AU Hoeppner, BB
Goodwin, MS
Velicer, WF
Heltshe, J
AF Hoeppner, Bettina B.
Goodwin, Matthew S.
Velicer, Wayne F.
Heltshe, James
TI An applied example of pooled time series analysis: Cardiovascular
reactivity to stressors in children with autism
SO MULTIVARIATE BEHAVIORAL RESEARCH
LA English
DT Article; Proceedings Paper
CT Annual Meeting of the Society-of-Multivariate-Experimental-Psychology
CY 2003
CL Keystone, CO
SP Soc Multivariate Expt Psychol
ID MODEL IDENTIFICATION; BEHAVIOR; ANXIETY
AB The advent of telemetric devices that sample data extensively over time has facilitated single subject or idiographic research to intensively study a single person over time. One of the challenges of idiographic research is combining single subject results to determine generalizability across subjects. This article demonstrates the first behavioral science application of pooled time series analysis, an extension of time series analysis that allows for the testing of between-person effects. The analysis used cardiovascular data gathered from 4 children with autism between the ages of 10 and 20 while exposed to 6 experimentally manipulated environmental stressors. A pooled time series analysis using the general transformation approach identified 1 general (a difficult learning task) and 3 specific stressors (exposure to a loud noise, unstructured time, and eating a preferred food) across the 4 participants. This application of pooled time series analysis demonstrates the challenges and potential for this method to address the issue of generalizability when using an idiographic research approach in the behavioral sciences.
C1 [Hoeppner, Bettina B.; Velicer, Wayne F.] Univ Rhode Isl, Canc Prevent Res Ctr, Kingston, RI 02881 USA.
[Goodwin, Matthew S.] Univ Rhode Isl, Dept Psychol, Kingston, RI 02881 USA.
[Heltshe, James] Univ Rhode Isl, Dept Comp Sci & Stat, Kingston, RI 02881 USA.
RP Hoeppner, BB (reprint author), Brown Univ, Ctr Alcohol & Addict Studies, Box G-S121-4, Providence, RI 02912 USA.
EM Bettina_Hoeppner@brown.edu
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NR 53
TC 3
Z9 3
PU LAWRENCE ERLBAUM ASSOC INC-TAYLOR & FRANCIS
PI PHILADELPHIA
PA 325 CHESTNUT STREET, STE 800, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA
SN 0027-3171
J9 MULTIVAR BEHAV RES
JI Multivariate Behav. Res.
PY 2007
VL 42
IS 4
BP 707
EP 727
DI 10.1080/00273170701755291
PG 21
WC Mathematics, Interdisciplinary Applications; Social Sciences,
Mathematical Methods; Psychology, Experimental; Statistics & Probability
SC Mathematics; Mathematical Methods In Social Sciences; Psychology
GA 253NK
UT WOS:000252524700005
ER
PT J
AU Durand, CM
Betancur, C
Boeckers, TM
Bockmann, J
Chaste, P
Fauchereau, F
Nygren, G
Rastam, M
Gillberg, IC
Anckarsater, H
Sponheim, E
Goubran-Botros, H
Delorme, R
Chabane, N
Mouren-Simeoni, MC
de Mas, P
Bieth, E
Roge, B
Heron, D
Burglen, L
Gillberg, C
Leboyer, M
Bourgeron, T
AF Durand, Christelle M.
Betancur, Catalina
Boeckers, Tobias M.
Bockmann, Juergen
Chaste, Pauline
Fauchereau, Fabien
Nygren, Gudrun
Rastam, Maria
Gillberg, I. Carina
Anckarsater, Henrik
Sponheim, Eili
Goubran-Botros, Hany
Delorme, Richard
Chabane, Nadia
Mouren-Simeoni, Marie-Christine
de Mas, Philippe
Bieth, Eric
Roge, Bernadette
Heron, Delphine
Burglen, Lydie
Gillberg, Christopher
Leboyer, Marion
Bourgeron, Thomas
TI Mutations in the gene encoding the synaptic scaffolding protein SHANK3
are associated with autism spectrum disorders
SO NATURE GENETICS
LA English
DT Article
ID POSTSYNAPTIC DENSITY; DELETION SYNDROME; IDENTIFICATION; SYNAPSES;
COMPLEX; SPEECH; FAMILY
AB SHANK3 (also known as ProSAP2) regulates the structural organization of dendritic spines and is a binding partner of neuroligins; genes encoding neuroligins are mutated in autism and Asperger syndrome. Here, we report that a mutation of a single copy of SHANK3 on chromosome 22q13 can result in language and/or social communication disorders. These mutations concern only a small number of individuals, but they shed light on one gene dosage - sensitive synaptic pathway that is involved in autism spectrum disorders.
C1 Inst Pasteur, Human Genet & Cognit Funct, Paris, France.
Univ Paris 12, INSERM, U513, Creteil, France.
Univ Ulm, Inst Anat & Cell Biol, Ulm, Germany.
Univ Paris 07, Paris, France.
Univ Gothenburg, Dept Child & Adolescent Psychiat, Gothenburg, Sweden.
Univ Oslo, Ctr Child & Adolescent Psychiat, Oslo, Norway.
Hop Robert Debre, Assistance Publ Hop Paris, Serv Psychopathol Enfant & Adolescent, F-75019 Paris, France.
Purpan Hosp, Dept Med Genet, Toulouse, France.
Univ Toulouse Le Mirail, Ctr Etud Rech & Psychopathp, Toulouse, France.
Grp Hosp Pitie Salpetriere, Dept Genet, F-75634 Paris, France.
Hop Trousseau, Assistance Publ Hop Paris, Serv Genet, F-75571 Paris, France.
St Georges Hosp Med Sch, London, England.
Grp Hosp Henri Mondor & Albert Chenevier, Assistance Publ Hop Paris, Dept Psychiat, Creteil, France.
RP Bourgeron, T (reprint author), Inst Pasteur, Human Genet & Cognit Funct, Paris, France.
EM thomasb@pasteur.fr
RI Anckarsater, Henrik/C-2244-2009
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NR 15
TC 526
Z9 556
PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP
PI NEW YORK
PA 75 VARICK STREET, 9TH FLOOR, NEW YORK, NY 10013-1917 USA
SN 1061-4036
J9 NAT GENET
JI Nature Genet.
PD JAN
PY 2007
VL 39
IS 1
BP 25
EP 27
DI 10.1038/ng1933
PG 3
WC Genetics & Heredity
SC Genetics & Heredity
GA 121CU
UT WOS:000243136500013
PM 17173049
ER
PT J
AU [Anonymous]
AF [Anonymous]
TI Uncovering autism
SO NATURE MEDICINE
LA English
DT News Item
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP
PI NEW YORK
PA 75 VARICK ST, 9TH FLR, NEW YORK, NY 10013-1917 USA
SN 1078-8956
EI 1546-170X
J9 NAT MED
JI Nat. Med.
PD JAN
PY 2007
VL 13
IS 1
BP 34
EP 34
PG 1
WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Cell Biology; Medicine, Research &
Experimental
SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Cell Biology; Research & Experimental
Medicine
GA 123NE
UT WOS:000243301800029
ER
PT J
AU Schleim, S
AF Schleim, Stephan
TI Thought-reading with the brain scanner?
SO NERVENHEILKUNDE
LA German
DT Editorial Material
ID HUMAN VISUAL-CORTEX; MIRROR NEURON SYSTEM; SOCIAL COGNITION; PATTERNS;
AUTISM; SELF; MIND; REPRESENTATION; ORIENTATION; DYSFUNCTION
C1 Univ Bonn, Klin Psychiat & Psychotherapie, Med Psychol Abt, D-53105 Bonn, Germany.
RP Schleim, S (reprint author), Univ Bonn, Klin Psychiat & Psychotherapie, Med Psychol Abt, Sigmund Freud Str 25, D-53105 Bonn, Germany.
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NR 39
TC 5
Z9 5
PU SCHATTAUER GMBH-VERLAG MEDIZIN NATURWISSENSCHAFTEN
PI STUTTGART
PA HOLDERLINSTRASSE 3, D-70174 STUTTGART, GERMANY
SN 0722-1541
J9 NERVENHEILKUNDE
JI Nervenheilkunde
PY 2007
VL 26
IS 6
BP 505
EP 510
PG 6
WC Clinical Neurology; Psychiatry
SC Neurosciences & Neurology; Psychiatry
GA 176BN
UT WOS:000247057800009
ER
PT J
AU Alexander, AL
Lee, JE
Lazar, M
Boudos, R
DuBray, MB
Oakes, TR
Miller, JN
Lu, J
Jeong, EK
McMahon, WM
Bigler, ED
Lainhart, JE
AF Alexander, Andrew L.
Lee, Jee Eun
Lazar, Mariana
Boudos, Rebecca
DuBray, Molly B.
Oakes, Terrence R.
Miller, Judith N.
Lu, Jeffrey
Jeong, Eun-Kee
McMahon, William M.
Bigler, Erin D.
Lainhart, Janet E.
TI Diffusion tensor imaging of the corpus callosum in Autism
SO NEUROIMAGE
LA English
DT Article
DE Autism; diffusion tensor imaging; corpus callosum; radial diffusivity;
performance IQ
ID HIGH-FUNCTIONING AUTISM; WHITE-MATTER; MAGNETIC-RESONANCE;
WORKING-MEMORY; QUANTITATIVE INTERPRETATION; CSF-SUPPRESSION;
RESPONSE-TIME; HUMAN BRAIN; MRI; ANISOTROPY
AB The corpus callosum is the largest commissural white matter pathway that connects the hemispheres of the human brain. In this study, diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) was performed on subject groups with high-functioning autism and controls matched for age, handedness, IQ, and head size. DTI and volumetric measurements of the total corpus callosum and subregions (genu, body and splenium) were made and compared between groups. The results showed that there were significant differences in volume, fractional anisotropy, mean diffusivity, and radial diffusivity between groups. These group differences appeared to be driven by a subgroup of the autism group that had small corpus callosum volumes, high mean diffusivity, low anisotropy, and increased radial diffusivity. This subgroup had significantly lower performance IQ measures than either the other individuals with autism or the control subjects. Measurements of radial diffusivity also appeared to be correlated with processing speed measured during the performance IQ tests. The subgroup of autism subjects with high mean diffusivity and low fractional anisotropy appeared to cluster with the highest radial diffusivities and slowest processing speeds. These results suggest that the microstructure of the corpus callosum is affected in autism, which may be related to nonverbal cognitive performance. (c) 2006 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
C1 Waisman Ctr Mental Retardat & Human Dev, Waisman Lab Brain Imaging & Behav, Madison, WI 53705 USA.
Univ Wisconsin, Dept Med Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA.
Univ Wisconsin, Dept Psychiat, Madison, WI 53706 USA.
Dept Psychiat, Salt Lake City, UT USA.
Dept Radiol, Salt Lake City, UT USA.
Dept Anesthesiol, Salt Lake City, UT USA.
Dept Neurosci Program, Salt Lake City, UT USA.
Univ Utah, Brain Inst, Salt Lake City, UT USA.
Utah Ctr Adv Imaging Res, Salt Lake City, UT USA.
Brigham Young Univ, Dept Psychol, Provo, UT 84602 USA.
RP Alexander, AL (reprint author), Waisman Ctr Mental Retardat & Human Dev, Waisman Lab Brain Imaging & Behav, 1500 Highland Ave, Madison, WI 53705 USA.
EM alalexander2@wisc.edu
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PI SAN DIEGO
PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA
SN 1053-8119
J9 NEUROIMAGE
JI Neuroimage
PD JAN 1
PY 2007
VL 34
IS 1
BP 61
EP 73
DI 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2006.08.032
PG 13
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SC Neurosciences & Neurology; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging
GA 115LH
UT WOS:000242735300007
PM 17023185
ER
PT J
AU Thomas, A
Bonanni, L
Onofrj, M
AF Thomas, A.
Bonanni, L.
Onofrj, M.
TI Symptomatic REM sleep behaviour disorder
SO NEUROLOGICAL SCIENCES
LA English
DT Article; Proceedings Paper
CT Meeting on Dopamine - Sleep, Wakefulness and Movements
CY MAY 06, 2006
CL Milan, ITALY
DE symptomatic REM sleep behaviour disorder; neurodegenerative disorders;
synucleinopathy; tauopathy; drug-induced RBD; therapy
ID EYE-MOVEMENT SLEEP; MACHADO-JOSEPH-DISEASE; MULTIPLE SYSTEM ATROPHY;
GUILLAIN-BARRE-SYNDROME; LEWY BODY DEMENTIA; PROGRESSIVE SUPRANUCLEAR
PALSY; POSTTRAUMATIC-STRESS-DISORDER; OBSESSIVE-COMPULSIVE DISORDER;
PURE AUTONOMIC FAILURE; PARKINSONS-DISEASE
AB Rapid eye movement (REM) sleep behaviour disorder (RBD) precedes or accompanies many neurodegenerative disorders. In synucleinopathies, including dementia with Lewy bodies, Parkinson's disease and multiple system atrophy, the prevalence of RBD varies from 19% to almost 77% in different reports. In tauopathies, including Alzheimer's disease, corticobasal degeneration, progressive supranuclear palsy and frontotemporal dementia, the prevalence is rare, ranging from 0% to 27%. RBD has however also been described in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, limbic encephalitis, Guillain-Barre syndrome, Tourette's syndrome, autism, epilepsy and post-traumatic stress disorder. The present paper reviews the current literature on symptomatic RBD and on RBD induced by drug administration, antidepressants, tricyclics and newer drugs, which are often described as precipitating factors for RBD. Controversial findings, flaws in categorisation and hypothetical aetiological mechanisms are also discussed.
C1 Univ G DAnnunzio, Movement Disorders Ctr, Chieti, Italy.
RP Onofrj, M (reprint author), Univ G DAnnunzio, Movement Disorders Ctr, Chieti, Italy.
EM onofrj@unich.it
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NR 179
TC 17
Z9 18
PU SPRINGER
PI NEW YORK
PA 233 SPRING STREET, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA
SN 1590-1874
J9 NEUROL SCI
JI Neurol. Sci.
PD JAN
PY 2007
VL 28
SU 1
BP S21
EP S36
DI 10.1007/s10072-007-0735-y
PG 16
WC Clinical Neurology; Neurosciences
SC Neurosciences & Neurology
GA 123XS
UT WOS:000243331000005
PM 17235429
ER
PT J
AU Dogangun, B
Guzeltas, A
Emul, M
Demir, T
Karacetin, G
Oztunc, F
Kayaalp, L
AF Dogangun, Burak
Guzeltas, Alper
Emul, Murat
Demir, Tevfik
Karacetin, Gul
Oztunc, Funda
Kayaalp, Levent
TI Assessment of P wave dispersion in children treated with risperidone
SO NEUROLOGY PSYCHIATRY AND BRAIN RESEARCH
LA English
DT Article
DE risperidone; child psychiatry; ECG; p wave dispersion
ID PAROXYSMAL ATRIAL-FIBRILLATION; YOUNG-CHILDREN; QTC; DISORDER; INTERVAL;
AUTISM
AB Objective: Risperidone, which is an atypical antipsychotic, is widely used in treating children and adolescents with many psychiatric disorders. Despite widespread clinical use, the safety of risperidone is a matter of concern for child psychiatrists. The aim of this study is to explore the supraventricular cardiac effects of risperidone.
Methods: 34 patients who were diagnosed as mental retardation, attention deficit hyperactivity disorder or pervasive developmental disorder according to the DSM-IV criteria were included in this study. Risperidone treatment was initiated for the behavioral problems. Baseline biochemical parameters were assessed. The ECG records were obtained while patients were drug naive and two weeks after 0.25-1.0 mg/day risperidone intake. Measurement of P wave duration was carried out manually using a caliper. The difference between the P maximum (P-max) and P minimum (P-min) wave duration was calculated from the 12-lead ECG and was defined as the PWD. The data was analyzed using SPSS for Windows version 13.0.
Results: Of 34 patients, aged 4-14 years, 6 were female and 28 were male. The weight of the patients was between 12-42 kg. The received dose of risperidone was between 0.25-1 mg/day. After treatment with risperidone for two weeks, ECGs of patients were compared with baseline ECGs. The differences between baseline and after risperidone therapy among PWD, P-max, P-min were statistically insignificant (p>0.05). The ECG variables in patients and healthy group were compared. In addition, there were no significant correlations between age, weight, received dose of risperidone and ECG variables in both patients and controls (p>0.05).
Conclusion: Our study shows that risperidone may not influence atrial myocardial conduction in children with various psychiatric disorders at least in doses between 0.25-1.0 mg/day. Although the clinical importance of P wave measurements is unclear, our study is important that is investigating the influences of risperidone on atrial conduction. Further studies with larger sample size and higher doses of risperidone or comparing other atypical antipsychotic drugs with risperidone would be more explanatory.
C1 [Dogangun, Burak; Karacetin, Gul; Kayaalp, Levent] Istanbul Univ, Cerrahpasa Med Fac, Dept Child & Adolscent Psychiat, TR-34098 Istanbul, Turkey.
[Guzeltas, Alper; Oztunc, Funda] Istanbul Univ, Cerrahpasa Med Fac, Dept Pediat Cardiol, TR-34098 Istanbul, Turkey.
[Emul, Murat; Demir, Tevfik] Afyon Kocatepe Univ, Fac Med, Dept Psychiat & Pediat, Afyon, Turkey.
RP Dogangun, B (reprint author), Istanbul Univ, Cerrahpasa Med Fac, Dept Child & Adolscent Psychiat, TR-34098 Istanbul, Turkey.
EM burakdogangun@hotmail.com
CR ALACQUA M, 2007, PHARM WORLD SCI
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NR 23
TC 2
Z9 2
PU UNIVERSITATSVERLAG ULM GMBH
PI ULM
PA BAHNHOFSTRASSE 20, D-89073 ULM, GERMANY
SN 0941-9500
J9 NEUROL PSYCHIAT BR
JI Neurol. Psychiatr. Brain Res.
PY 2007
VL 14
IS 3
BP 115
EP 118
PG 4
WC Neurosciences; Psychiatry
SC Neurosciences & Neurology; Psychiatry
GA 302LP
UT WOS:000255970100004
ER
PT J
AU Ashwin, C
Baron-Cohen, S
Wheelwright, S
O'Riordan, M
Bullmore, ET
AF Ashwin, Chris
Baron-Cohen, Simon
Wheelwright, Sally
O'Riordan, Michelle
Bullmore, Edward T.
TI Differential activation of the amygdala and the 'social brain' during
fearful face-processing in Asperger Syndrome
SO NEUROPSYCHOLOGIA
LA English
DT Review
DE social cognition; fMRI; emotional expressions; face-processing;
empathizing
ID EMOTIONAL FACIAL EXPRESSIONS; TEMPORAL CORTEX; FUNCTIONAL NEUROANATOMY;
AUTISTIC-CHILDREN; NORMAL ADULTS; MIND; RECOGNITION; PERCEPTION;
COGNITION; INDIVIDUALS
AB Impaired social cognition is a core feature of autism. There is much evidence showing people with autism use a different cognitive style than controls for face-processing. We tested if people with autism would show differential activation of social brain areas during a face-processing task. Thirteen adults with high-functioning autism or Asperger Syndrome (HFA/AS) and 13 matched controls. We used fMRI to investigate 'social brain' activity during perception of fearful faces. We employed stimuli known to reliably activate the amygdala and other social brain areas, and ROI analyses to investigate brain areas responding to facial threat as well as those showing a linear response to varying threat intensities. We predicted: (1) the HFA/AS group would show differential activation (as opposed to merely deficits) of the social brain compared to controls and (2) that social brain areas would respond to varied intensity of fear in the control group, but not the HFA/AS group. Both predictions were confirmed. The controls showed greater activation in the left amygdala and left orbito-frontal cortex, while the HFA/AS group showed greater activation in the anterior cingulate gyrus and superior temporal cortex. The control group also showed varying responses in social brain areas to varying intensities of fearful expression, including differential activations in the left and right amygdala. This response in the social brain was absent in the HFA/AS group. HFA/AS are associated with different patterns of activation of social brain areas during fearful emotion processing, and the absence in the HFA/AS brain of a response to varying emotional intensity. (c) 2006 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
C1 Univ Cambridge, Dept Psychiat, Autism Res Ctr, Cambridge CB2 2AH, England.
Univ Cambridge, Dept Psychiat, Brain Mapping Unit, Addenbrookes Hosp, Cambridge CB2 2QQ, England.
Addenbrookes Hosp, Wolfson Brain Imaging Ctr, Cambridge CB2 2QQ, England.
RP Ashwin, C (reprint author), Univ Cambridge, Dept Psychiat, Autism Res Ctr, Douglas House,18b Trumpington Rd, Cambridge CB2 2AH, England.
EM ca235@cam.ac.uk
RI Bullmore, Edward/C-1706-2012
OI Bullmore, Edward/0000-0002-8955-8283
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NR 101
TC 147
Z9 154
PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND
SN 0028-3932
J9 NEUROPSYCHOLOGIA
JI Neuropsychologia
PY 2007
VL 45
IS 1
BP 2
EP 14
DI 10.1016/j.neuropsychologia.2006.04.014
PG 13
WC Behavioral Sciences; Neurosciences; Psychology, Experimental
SC Behavioral Sciences; Neurosciences & Neurology; Psychology
GA 125KD
UT WOS:000243439900002
PM 16806312
ER
PT J
AU Spezio, ML
Adolphs, R
Hurley, RSE
Piven, J
AF Spezio, Michael L.
Adolphs, Ralph
Hurley, Robert S. E.
Piven, Joseph
TI Analysis of face gaze in autism using "Bubbles"
SO NEUROPSYCHOLOGIA
LA English
DT Article
DE social cognition; emotion; autism; HFA; eyetracking; facial information
ID FACIAL EXPRESSIONS; SOCIAL-BEHAVIOR; PSYCHOPHYSICS TOOLBOX;
NORMAL-CHILDREN; EYE-MOVEMENT; RECOGNITION; FIXATION; DISORDER;
INDIVIDUALS; INFORMATION
AB One of the components of abnormal social functioning in autism is an impaired ability to direct eye gaze onto other people's faces in social situations. Here, we investigated the relationship between gaze onto the eye and mouth regions of faces, and the visual information that was present within those regions. We used the "Bubbles" method to vary the facial information available on any given trial by revealing only small parts of the face, and measured the eye movements made as participants viewed these stimuli. Compared to ten TQ- and age-matched healthy controls, eight participants with autism showed less fixation specificity to the eyes and mouth, a greater tendency to saccade away from the eyes when information was present in those regions, and abnormal directionality of saccades. The findings provide novel detail to the abnormal way in which people with autism look at faces, an impairment that likely influences all subsequent face processing. (c) 2006 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
C1 CALTECH, Div Humanities & Social Sci, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA.
Univ N Carolina, Neurodev Disorders Res Ctr, Chapel Hill, NC 27599 USA.
RP Spezio, ML (reprint author), CALTECH, Div Humanities & Social Sci, HSS 228-77, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA.
EM mlspezio@hss.caltech.edu
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NR 56
TC 81
Z9 84
PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND
SN 0028-3932
J9 NEUROPSYCHOLOGIA
JI Neuropsychologia
PY 2007
VL 45
IS 1
BP 144
EP 151
DI 10.1016/j.neuropsychologia.2006.04.027
PG 8
WC Behavioral Sciences; Neurosciences; Psychology, Experimental
SC Behavioral Sciences; Neurosciences & Neurology; Psychology
GA 125KD
UT WOS:000243439900012
PM 16824559
ER
PT J
AU Humphreys, K
Minshew, N
Leonard, GL
Behrmann, M
AF Humphreys, Kate
Minshew, Nancy
Leonard, Grace Lee
Behrmann, Marlene
TI A fine-grained analysis of facial expression processing in
high-functioning adults with autism
SO NEUROPSYCHOLOGIA
LA English
DT Review
DE face processing; emotion; developmental disorders
ID FUSIFORM FACE AREA; EMOTION RECOGNITION; SPECTRUM DISORDER; CHILDS
APPRAISAL; PERCEPTION; INFORMATION; AMYGDALA; INDIVIDUALS; DEFICITS;
PEOPLE
AB It is unclear whether individuals with autism are impaired at recognizing basic facial expressions, and whether, if any impairment exists, it applies to expression processing in general, or to certain expressions, in particular. To evaluate these alternatives, we adopted a fine-grained analysis of facial expression processing in autism. Specifically, we used the 'facial expression megamix' paradigm [Young, A. W., Rowland, D., Calder, A. J, Etcoff, N. L., Seth, A., & Perrett, D. I. (1997). Facial expression megamix: Tests of dimensional and category accounts of emotion recognition Cognition and Emotion, 14, 39-60] in which adults with autism and a typically developing comparison group performed a six alternative forced-choice response to morphs of all possible combinations of the six basic expressions identified by Ekman [Ekman, P. (1972). Universals and cultural differences in facial expressions of emotion. In J. K. Cole (Ed.), Nebraska symposium on motivation: vol. 1971, (pp. 207-283). Lincoln, Nebraska: University of Nebraska Press] (happiness, sadness, disgust, anger, fear and surprise). Clear differences were evident between the two groups, most obviously in the recognition of fear, but also in the recognition of disgust and happiness. A second experiment demonstrated that individuals with autism are able to discriminate between different emotional images and suggests that low-level perceptual difficulties do not underlie the difficulties with emotion recognition. (c) 2006 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
C1 Carnegie Mellon Univ, Dept Psychol, Pittsburgh, PA 15213 USA.
Univ Pittsburgh, Sch Med, Dept Psychiat & Neurol, Pittsburgh, PA USA.
RP Humphreys, K (reprint author), Carnegie Mellon Univ, Dept Psychol, Baker Hall,5000 Forbes Ave, Pittsburgh, PA 15213 USA.
EM katehump@andrew.cmu.edu
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NR 65
TC 83
Z9 88
PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND
SN 0028-3932
J9 NEUROPSYCHOLOGIA
JI Neuropsychologia
PY 2007
VL 45
IS 4
BP 685
EP 695
DI 10.1016/j.neuropsychologia.2006.08.003
PG 11
WC Behavioral Sciences; Neurosciences; Psychology, Experimental
SC Behavioral Sciences; Neurosciences & Neurology; Psychology
GA 143YZ
UT WOS:000244763600008
PM 17010395
ER
PT J
AU Walla, P
Greiner, K
Duregger, C
Deecke, L
Thurner, S
AF Walla, Peter
Greiner, Katharina
Duregger, Cornelia
Deecke, Lueder
Thurner, Stefan
TI Self-awareness and the subconscious effect of personal pronouns on word
encoding: A magnetoencephalography (MEG) study
SO NEUROPSYCHOLOGIA
LA English
DT Review
DE self-awareness; language processing; magnetoencephalography
ID POSITRON-EMISSION-TOMOGRAPHY; MIND; BRAIN; AUTISM; COMPREHENSION;
EXPERIENCE; FRAMEWORK; AGENCY; FMRI
AB The effect of personal pronouns such as "ein" (German for "a"), "mein" (German for "my") and "sein" (German for "his") on the processing of associated nouns was investigated using MEG. Three different encoding strategies were provided in order to vary the level of consciousness involved in verbal information processing. A shallow (alphabetic), a deep (semantic) and a very deep (contextual) encoding instruction related to visual word presentation were given to all study participants. After the encoding of pronoun-noun pairs, recognition performances of nouns only were tested. The number of correctly recognized nouns previously associated with "sein" was significantly lower than the number of correctly recognized nouns previously associated with "ein" in the shallow encoding condition. The same trend was found for "mein" associated nouns which were also less accurately recognized compared to "ein" associated nouns.
Magnetic field distributions recorded during the encoding phases revealed two significant effects, one between about 200 and 400 ms after stimulus onset and the other between about 500 and 800 ms. The earlier effect was found over occipito-parietal sensors, whereas the later effect occurred over left frontal sensors. Within both time ranges, brain activation varied significantly as a function of associated pronoun independent of depth of word processing. In the respective areas of both time ranges, conditions including personal pronouns ("mein" and "sein") showed higher magnetic field components compared to the control condition of no personal pronouns ("ein"). Evidence is shown that early stage processing is able to distinguish between no personal and personal information, whereas later stage processing is able to distinguish between information related to oneself and to another person (self and non-self). Along with other previous reports our MEG findings support the notion that particular human brain functions involved in processing neurophysiological correlates of self and non-self can be identified. (c) 2006 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
C1 Med Univ Vienna, ENT Clin, Dept Clin Neurol, Ludwig Boltzmann Inst Funct Brain Topog, A-1090 Vienna, Austria.
Med Univ Vienna, ENT, Complex Syst Res Grp, A-1090 Vienna, Austria.
Univ Vienna, Fac Psychol, Biol Psychol Unit, A-1010 Vienna, Austria.
Appl Neurosci Inst, A-1150 Vienna, Austria.
RP Walla, P (reprint author), Med Univ Vienna, ENT Clin, Dept Clin Neurol, Ludwig Boltzmann Inst Funct Brain Topog, Waehringer Guertel 18-20, A-1090 Vienna, Austria.
EM peter.walla@neuroconsult.at
RI Walla, Peter/B-4225-2008
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NR 32
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Z9 12
PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND
SN 0028-3932
J9 NEUROPSYCHOLOGIA
JI Neuropsychologia
PY 2007
VL 45
IS 4
BP 796
EP 809
DI 10.1016/j.neuropsychologia.2006.08.017
PG 14
WC Behavioral Sciences; Neurosciences; Psychology, Experimental
SC Behavioral Sciences; Neurosciences & Neurology; Psychology
GA 143YZ
UT WOS:000244763600018
PM 17005211
ER
PT J
AU Kemner, C
Lamme, VAF
Kovacs, I
van Engeland, H
AF Kemner, C.
Lamme, V. A. F.
Kovacs, I.
van Engeland, H.
TI Integrity of lateral and feedbackward connections in visual processing
in children with pervasive developmental disorder
SO NEUROPSYCHOLOGIA
LA English
DT Article
DE pervasive developmental disorders; autistic disorder; event-related
potentials; visual integration
ID FIGURE-GROUND SEGREGATION; TEXTURE SEGREGATION; ASPERGER-SYNDROME;
AUTISM; MOTION; CORTEX; INDIVIDUALS; PERCEPTION; RECOGNITION;
FEEDFORWARD
AB Enhanced visual detail processing in subjects with pervasive developmental disorder (PDD) has been related to impairments in feature integration. The functional integrity of two types of neuronal connections involved in visual feature integration, namely horizontal and feedbackward connections, were tested.
Sixteen children with PDD and 17 age- and IQ-matched control children (mean age 13.3 years) were included. In a texture segregation task the difference in ERP response to homogeneous and checkered visual stimuli was determined. Additionally, in a contour integration task subjects had to point out a contour consisting of colinearly aligned Gabor signals in backgrounds increasing in noise.
Children with PDD showed a normal performance on the contour integration task, suggesting that neurons in the primary visual cortex of children with PDD can effectively integrate the activity of local detectors that process different aspects of the same object information by making use of long-range lateral connections. The amplitude of ERP activity related to texture segregation was also not different between the PDD and control groups, indicating functional visual feedback mechanisms between V I and higher order areas in subjects with PDD. However, a difference in latency of texture-segmentation related activity between the groups was noted. This effect did not reach significance, which could be due to the small N of the study. Therefore, the data need replication in a study with larger samples before more definitive conclusions can be drawn. (c) 2006 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
C1 Univ Utrecht, Med Ctr, Dept Child & Adolescent Psychiat, NL-3514 CX Utrecht, Netherlands.
Rudolf Magnus Inst Neurosci, NL-3508 TA Utrecht, Netherlands.
Maastricht Univ, Fac Psychol, Dept Neurocognit, Maastricht, Netherlands.
Univ Amsterdam, Dept Psychol, Amsterdam, Netherlands.
Netherlands Ophthalm Res Inst, NL-1100 AC Amsterdam, Netherlands.
Budapest Univ Technol & Econ, Fac Econ & Social Sci, Dept Cognit Sci, Budapest, Hungary.
RP Kemner, C (reprint author), Univ Utrecht, Med Ctr, Dept Child & Adolescent Psychiat, B01-324,Heidelberglaan 100, NL-3514 CX Utrecht, Netherlands.
EM C.Kemner@umcutrecht.nl
RI Kovacs, Ilona/A-2372-2009
OI Kovacs, Ilona/0000-0002-1772-2697
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NR 36
TC 16
Z9 16
PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND
SN 0028-3932
J9 NEUROPSYCHOLOGIA
JI Neuropsychologia
PY 2007
VL 45
IS 6
BP 1293
EP 1298
DI 10.1016/j.neuropsychologia.2006.09.016
PG 6
WC Behavioral Sciences; Neurosciences; Psychology, Experimental
SC Behavioral Sciences; Neurosciences & Neurology; Psychology
GA 149EW
UT WOS:000245130900015
PM 17101159
ER
PT J
AU Boraston, Z
Blakemore, SJ
Chilvers, R
Skuse, D
AF Boraston, Zillah
Blakemore, Sarah-Jayne
Chilvers, Rebecca
Skuse, David
TI Impaired sadness recognition is linked to social interaction deficit in
autism
SO NEUROPSYCHOLOGIA
LA English
DT Article
DE autistic; Asperger syndrome; emotion; animations; endophenotype; social
cognition
ID FUSIFORM FACE AREA; FACIAL EXPRESSIONS; SPECTRUM DISORDER;
ASPERGER-SYNDROME; UNDERSTANDING EMOTIONS; CHILDS APPRAISAL; AMYGDALA;
PERCEPTION; ADOLESCENTS; ATTRIBUTION
AB Can autistic individuals use motion cues to identify simple emotions from 2D abstract animations? We compared emotion recognition ability using a novel test involving computerised animations, and a more conventional emotion recognition test using facial expressions. Adults with autism and normal controls, matched for age and verbal IQ, participated in two experiments. First, participants viewed a series of short (5s) animations. These featured an 'emotional' triangle, interacting with a circle. They were designed to evoke an attribution of emotion to the triangle, which was rated both in terms of anger, happiness, sadness or fear from its pattern of movement, and how animate ("living") it appeared to be. Second, emotion recognition was tested from standardised photographs of facial expressions. In both experiments, adults with autism were significantly impaired relative to comparisons in their perception of sadness. This is the first demonstration that, in autism, individuals can have difficulties both in the interpretation of facial expressions and in the recognition of equivalent emotions based on the movement of abstract stimuli. Poor performance in the animations task was significantly correlated with the degree of impairment in reciprocal social interaction, assessed by the Autism Diagnostic Observation Schedule. Our findings point to a deficit in emotion recognition in autism, extending beyond the recognition of facial expressions, which is associated with a functional impairment in social interaction skills. Our results are discussed in the context of the results of neuroimaging studies that have used animated stimuli and images of faces. (c) 2006 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
C1 UCL, Inst Cognit Neurosci, London WC1N 3AR, England.
UCL, Inst Child Hlth, Behav & Brain Sci Unit, London WC1N 3AR, England.
RP Blakemore, SJ (reprint author), UCL, Inst Cognit Neurosci, London WC1N 3AR, England.
EM s.blakemore@ucl.ac.uk
RI Blakemore, Sarah-Jayne/A-1792-2010
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NR 66
TC 47
Z9 47
PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND
SN 0028-3932
J9 NEUROPSYCHOLOGIA
JI Neuropsychologia
PY 2007
VL 45
IS 7
BP 1501
EP 1510
DI 10.1016/j.neuropsychologia.2006.11.010
PG 10
WC Behavioral Sciences; Neurosciences; Psychology, Experimental
SC Behavioral Sciences; Neurosciences & Neurology; Psychology
GA 153ZR
UT WOS:000245477100014
PM 17196998
ER
PT J
AU Gaffrey, MS
Kleinhans, NM
Haist, F
Akshoomoff, N
Campbell, A
Courchesne, E
Muller, RA
AF Gaffrey, Michael S.
Kleinhans, Natalia M.
Haist, Frank
Akshoomoff, Natacha
Campbell, Ashley
Courchesne, Eric
Mueller, Ralph-Axel
TI A typical participation of visual cortex during word processing in
autism: An fMRI study of semantic decision
SO NEUROPSYCHOLOGIA
LA English
DT Article
DE autism; language delay; functional MRI; lexical; semantic
categorization; visual perception
ID HIGH-FUNCTIONING AUTISM; PERVASIVE DEVELOPMENTAL DISORDERS;
LANGUAGE-ASSOCIATION CORTEX; LONG-TERM-MEMORY; JOINT ATTENTION; SENTENCE
COMPREHENSION; MAGNETIC-RESONANCE; MENTAL-IMAGERY; LEXICAL RETRIEVAL;
EPISODIC MEMORY
AB Language delay and impairment are salient features of autism. More specifically, there is evidence of atypical semantic organization in autism, but the functional brain correlates are not well understood. The current study used functional MRI to examine activation associated with semantic category decision. Ten high-functioning men with autism spectrum disorder and 10 healthy control subjects matched for gender, handedness, age, and nonverbal IQ were studied. Participants indicated via button press response whether visually presented words belonged to a target category (tools, colors, feelings). The control condition required target letter detection in unpronounceable letter strings. Significant activation for semantic decision in the left inferior frontal gyrus (Brodmann areas 44 and 45) was found in the control group. Corresponding activation in the autism group was more limited, with smaller clusters in left inferior frontal areas 45 and 47. Autistic participants, however, showed significantly greater activation compared to controls in extrastriate visual cortex bilaterally (areas 18 and 19), which correlated with greater number of errors on the semantic task. Our findings suggest an important role of perceptual components (possibly visual imagery) during semantic decision, consistent with previous evidence of atypical lexicosemantic performance in autism. In the context of similar findings from younger typically developing children, our results suggest an immature pattern associated with inefficient processing, presumably due to atypical experiential embedding of word acquisition in autism. (c) 2007 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
C1 San Diego State Univ, Dept Psychol, Brain Dev Imaging Lab, San Diego, CA 92120 USA.
Univ Wisconsin, Dept Psychol, Milwaukee, WI 53211 USA.
San Diego State Univ, Joint Doctoral Program Clin Psychol, San Diego, CA 92182 USA.
Univ Calif San Diego, San Diego, CA 92103 USA.
Univ Washington, Dept Radiol, Seattle, WA 98195 USA.
Univ Calif San Diego, Dept Psychiat, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA.
Univ Calif San Diego, Dept Neurosci, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA.
Univ Calif San Diego, Dept Cognit Sci, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA.
RP Muller, RA (reprint author), San Diego State Univ, Dept Psychol, Brain Dev Imaging Lab, 6363 Alvarado Ct,225 E, San Diego, CA 92120 USA.
EM amueller@sciences.sdsu.edu
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NR 75
TC 54
Z9 55
PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND
SN 0028-3932
J9 NEUROPSYCHOLOGIA
JI Neuropsychologia
PY 2007
VL 45
IS 8
BP 1672
EP 1684
DI 10.1016/j.neuropsychologia.2007.01.008
PG 13
WC Behavioral Sciences; Neurosciences; Psychology, Experimental
SC Behavioral Sciences; Neurosciences & Neurology; Psychology
GA 157OS
UT WOS:000245730400008
PM 17336346
ER
PT J
AU Bogte, H
Flamma, B
van der Meere, J
van Engeland, H
AF Bogte, Hans
Flamma, Bert
van der Meere, Jaap
van Engeland, Herman
TI Post-error adaptation in adults with high functioning autism
SO NEUROPSYCHOLOGIA
LA English
DT Article
DE post-error slowing; prefrontal cortex; anterior cingulated cortex
ID MEDIAL-FRONTAL-CORTEX; ANTERIOR CINGULATE CORTEX; EVENT-RELATED FMRI;
EXECUTIVE DYSFUNCTION; ASPERGER-SYNDROME; STROOP TASK; PERFORMANCE;
DISORDER; SPECTRUM; SYSTEM
AB Deficits in executive function (EF), i.e. function of the prefrontal cortex, may be central in the etiology of autism. One of the various aspects of EF is error detection and adjusting behavior after an error. In cognitive tests, adults normally slow down their responding on the next trial after making an error, a compensatory mechanism geared toward improving performance on subsequent trials, and a faculty critically associated with activity in the anterior cingulate cortex (ACC). The current study evaluated post-error slowing in people with high functioning autism (HFA) (n = 36), taking symptom severity into account, compared to the performance of a normal control group (n = 32). Symptom severity in the HFA group was defined in terms of level of adaptation: living independently (outpatients; n = 12) and living residentially (inpatients; n = 24). Half the group of inpatients was on medication; the results of their performance were analyzed separately. A computerized version of a memory search task was used with two response probability conditions. The subjects in the control group adjusted their reaction time (RT) substantially after an error, while the group of participants with HFA appeared to be overall slow, with no significant adjustment of RT after an error. This finding remained significant if the medication factor was taken into account, and was independent of the degree of severity of the autistic disorder, as defined by the dichotomy 'inpatient versus outpatient'. Possible causes and implications of the finding are discussed. (c) 2007 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
C1 GGZ Midden Overijssel, Dept Child & Adolescent Psychiat, NL-7400 GC Deventer, Netherlands.
Univ Groningen, Lab Expt Clin Psychol, Groningen, Netherlands.
Univ Utrecht, Med Ctr, Dept Child & Adolescent Psychiat, Utrecht, Netherlands.
RP Bogte, H (reprint author), GGZ Midden Overijssel, Dept Child & Adolescent Psychiat, POB 5003, NL-7400 GC Deventer, Netherlands.
EM hans.bogte@planet.nl
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NR 80
TC 10
Z9 10
PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND
SN 0028-3932
J9 NEUROPSYCHOLOGIA
JI Neuropsychologia
PY 2007
VL 45
IS 8
BP 1707
EP 1714
DI 10.1016/j.neuropsychologia.2006.12.020
PG 8
WC Behavioral Sciences; Neurosciences; Psychology, Experimental
SC Behavioral Sciences; Neurosciences & Neurology; Psychology
GA 157OS
UT WOS:000245730400011
PM 17320119
ER
PT J
AU Hamilton, AFD
Brindley, RM
Frith, U
AF Hamilton, Antonia F. de C.
Brindley, Rachel M.
Frith, Uta
TI Imitation and action understanding in autistic spectrum disorders: How
valid is the hypothesis of a deficit in the mirror neuron system?
SO NEUROPSYCHOLOGIA
LA English
DT Article
DE autism; imitation; mirror neuron system; goal; action; social cognition
ID CHILDREN; MOTOR; GESTURES; MIND; RECOGNITION; EMPATHY; HUMANS; OBJECT;
OTHERS; REPRESENTATIONS
AB The motor mirror neuron system supports imitation and goal understanding in typical adults. Recently, it has been proposed that a deficit in this mirror neuron system might contribute to poor imitation performance in children with autistic spectrum disorders (ASD) and might be a cause of poor social abilities in these children. We aimed to test this hypothesis by examining the performance of 25 children with ASD and 31 typical children of the same verbal mental age on four action representation tasks and a theory of mind battery. Both typical and autistic children had the same tendency to imitate an adult's goals, to imitate in a mirror fashion and to imitate grasps in a motor planning task. Children with ASD showed superior performance on a gesture recognition task. These imitation and gesture recognition tasks all rely on the mirror neuron system in typical adults, but performance was not impaired in children with ASD. In contrast, the ASD group were impaired on the theory of mind tasks. These results provide clear evidence against a general imitation impairment and a global mirror neuron system deficit in children with autism. We suggest this data can best be understood in terms of multiple brain systems for different types of imitation and action understanding, and that the ability to understand and imitate the goals of hand actions is intact in children with ASD. (c) 2006 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
C1 Dartmouth Coll, Dept Psychol & Brain Sci, Hanover, NH 03755 USA.
UCL, Inst Cognit Neurosci, London, England.
RP Hamilton, AFD (reprint author), Dartmouth Coll, Dept Psychol & Brain Sci, Hanover, NH 03755 USA.
EM antonia.hamilton@dartmouth.edu
RI Hamilton, Antonia/B-3612-2008; Frith, Uta/C-1757-2008
OI Hamilton, Antonia/0000-0001-8000-0219; Frith, Uta/0000-0002-9063-4466
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NR 55
TC 121
Z9 130
PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND
SN 0028-3932
EI 1873-3514
J9 NEUROPSYCHOLOGIA
JI Neuropsychologia
PY 2007
VL 45
IS 8
BP 1859
EP 1868
DI 10.1016/j.neuropsychologia.2006.11.022
PG 10
WC Behavioral Sciences; Neurosciences; Psychology, Experimental
SC Behavioral Sciences; Neurosciences & Neurology; Psychology
GA 157OS
UT WOS:000245730400026
PM 17234218
ER
PT J
AU Gaigg, SB
Bowler, DM
AF Gaigg, Sebastian B.
Bowler, Dermot M.
TI Differential fear conditioning in Asperger's syndrome: Implications for
an amygdala theory of autism
SO NEUROPSYCHOLOGIA
LA English
DT Article
DE autism spectrum disorder; cortico-amygdala connectivity; emotional
processes; psychophysiological reactivity
ID HIGH-FUNCTIONING AUTISM; SKIN-CONDUCTANCE RESPONSES; MEDIAL PREFRONTAL
CORTEX; CHILDS APPRAISAL; NEURAL RESPONSES; BRAIN; EMOTION; EXTINCTION;
FMRI; EXPRESSIONS
AB Since the first descriptions of individuals with autism spectrum disorders (ASD), abnormalities in socio-emotional behaviours have been described as amongst the most characteristic clinical features of this condition. Current evidence in this area suggests that individuals with ASD experience difficulties in the perception and expression of emotions within the social domain. The causes for these emotional difficulties are, however, still poorly understood. At the developmental level, it is unclear whether emotional disturbances constitute a primary feature of the clinical presentation of ASD or whether they are secondary to abnormalities in other areas of cognition. At the neurobiological level, it is still debated to what extent abnormalities of the limbic system, in particular the amygdala, may be responsible for the emotional disturbances characterising ASD. Here we show that a group of individuals with Asperger's syndrome exhibit a pattern of abnormality in differentially acquiring fear, which suggests that their fear responses are atypically modulated by conditioned and non-conditioned stimuli. On the basis of these results and the existing literature we suggest that ASD may be characterised by atypicalities in the integration of physiological and cognitive aspects of emotional experiences which we argue arise because of poor connectivity between the amygdala and functionally associated cortical areas. (c) 2007 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
C1 City Univ London, Dept Psychol, Autism Res Grp, London EC1V 0HB, England.
RP Gaigg, SB (reprint author), City Univ London, Dept Psychol, Autism Res Grp, Northampton Sq, London EC1V 0HB, England.
EM s.b.gaigg@city.ac.uk
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NR 80
TC 36
Z9 36
PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND
SN 0028-3932
J9 NEUROPSYCHOLOGIA
JI Neuropsychologia
PY 2007
VL 45
IS 9
BP 2125
EP 2134
DI 10.1016/j.neuropsychologia.2007.01.012
PG 10
WC Behavioral Sciences; Neurosciences; Psychology, Experimental
SC Behavioral Sciences; Neurosciences & Neurology; Psychology
GA 172NA
UT WOS:000246809800013
PM 17321555
ER
PT J
AU Johnson, KA
Robertson, IH
Kelly, SP
Silk, TJ
Barry, E
Daibhis, A
Watchorn, A
Keavey, M
Fitzgerald, M
Gallagher, L
Gill, M
Bellgrove, MA
AF Johnson, Katherine A.
Robertson, Ian H.
Kelly, Simon P.
Silk, Timothy J.
Barry, Edwina
Daibhis, Aoife
Watchorn, Amy
Keavey, Michelle
Fitzgerald, Michael
Gallagher, Louise
Gill, Michael
Bellgrove, Mark A.
TI Dissociation in performance of children with ADHD and high-functioning
autism on a task of sustained attention
SO NEUROPSYCHOLOGIA
LA English
DT Review
DE response time; fast Fourier transform; variability; arousal; response
inhibition; executive function
ID DEFICIT-HYPERACTIVITY-DISORDER; POSITRON-EMISSION-TOMOGRAPHY; ANTERIOR
CINGULATE CORTEX; DEFICIT/HYPERACTIVITY DISORDER; SPECTRUM DISORDERS;
EXECUTIVE FUNCTION; RESPONSE VARIABILITY; INTRAINDIVIDUAL VARIABILITY;
DIAGNOSTIC INTERVIEW; DOPAMINE-TRANSPORTER
AB Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and autism are two neurodevelopmental disorders associated with prominent executive dysfunction, which may be underpinned by disruption within fronto-striatal and fronto-parietal circuits. We probed executive function in these disorders using a sustained attention task with a validated brain-behaviour basis. Twenty-three children with ADHD, 21 children with high-functioning autism (HFA) and 18 control children were tested on the Sustained Attention to Response Task (SART). In a fixed sequence version of the task, children were required to withhold their response to a predictably occurring no-go target (3) in a 1-9 digit sequence; in the random version the sequence was unpredictable. The ADHD group showed clear deficits in response inhibition and sustained attention, through higher errors of commission and omission on both SART versions. The HFA group showed no sustained attention deficits, through a normal number of omission errors on both SART versions. The HFA group showed dissociation in response inhibition performance, as indexed by commission errors. On the Fixed SART, a normal number of errors was made, however when the stimuli were randomised, the HFA group made as many commission errors as the ADHD group. Greater slow-frequency variability in response time and a slowing in mean response time by the ADHD group suggested impaired arousal processes. The ADHD group showed greater fast-frequency variability in response time, indicative of impaired top-down control, relative to the HFA and control groups. These data imply involvement of fronto-parietal attentional networks and sub-cortical arousal systems in the pathology of ADHD and prefromal cortex dysfunction in children with HFA. (c) 2007 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
C1 Univ Dublin Trinity Coll, Sch Psychol, Dublin 2, Ireland.
Univ Dublin Trinity Coll, Trinity Coll Inst Neurosci, Dublin 2, Ireland.
Univ Dublin Trinity Coll, Sch Med & Hlth Sci, Dublin 2, Ireland.
Nathan S Kline Inst Psychiat Res, Cognit Neurophysiol Lab, Orangeburg, NY 10962 USA.
Univ Melbourne, Howard Florey Inst Expt Physiol & Med, Parkville, Vic 3052, Australia.
Univ Melbourne, Ctr Neurosci, Parkville, Vic 3052, Australia.
Univ Melbourne, Dept Pediat, Acad Child Psychiat Unit, Parkville, Vic 3052, Australia.
Monash Univ, Dept Psychol, Clayton, Vic 3168, Australia.
Univ Queensland, Sch Psychol, Cognit Neurosci Lab, Brisbane, Qld 4067, Australia.
Univ Queensland, Queensland Brain Inst, Brisbane, Qld 4067, Australia.
RP Johnson, KA (reprint author), Univ Dublin Trinity Coll, Sch Psychol, Dublin 2, Ireland.
EM johnsoka@tcd.ie
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NR 106
TC 101
Z9 106
PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND
SN 0028-3932
J9 NEUROPSYCHOLOGIA
JI Neuropsychologia
PY 2007
VL 45
IS 10
BP 2234
EP 2245
DI 10.1016/j.neuropsychologia.2007.02.019
PG 12
WC Behavioral Sciences; Neurosciences; Psychology, Experimental
SC Behavioral Sciences; Neurosciences & Neurology; Psychology
GA 173ZP
UT WOS:000246911300007
PM 17433378
ER
PT J
AU Sasson, N
Tsuchiya, N
Hurley, R
Couture, SM
Penn, DL
Adolphs, R
Piven, J
AF Sasson, Noah
Tsuchiya, Naotsugu
Hurley, Robert
Couture, Shannon M.
Penn, David L.
Adolphs, Ralph
Piven, Joseph
TI Orienting to social stimuli differentiates social cognitive impairment
in autism and schizophrenia
SO NEUROPSYCHOLOGIA
LA English
DT Article
DE autism; schizophrenia; eyetracking; social cognition; emotion;
perception
ID FUSIFORM FACE AREA; ASPERGER-SYNDROME; FACIAL EXPRESSIONS; EMOTION
RECOGNITION; AMYGDALA DAMAGE; FUNCTIONAL MRI; MIND ABILITIES; NORMAL
ADULTS; BRAIN; INDIVIDUALS
AB Both autism and schizophrenia feature deficits in aspects of social cognition that may be related to amygdala, dysfunction, but it is unclear whether these are similar or different patterns of impairment. We compared the visual scanning patterns and emotion judgments of individuals with autism, individuals with schizophrenia and controls on a task well characterized with respect to amygdala functioning. On this task, eye movements of participants are recorded as they assess emotional content within a series of complex social scenes where faces are either included or digitally erased. Results indicated marked abnormalities in visual scanning for both disorders. Controls increased their gaze on face regions when faces were present to a significantly greater degree than both the autism or schizophrenia groups. While the control and the schizophrenia groups oriented to face regions faster when faces were present compared to when they were absent, the autism group oriented at the same rate in both conditions. The schizophrenia group, meanwhile, exhibited a delay in orienting to face regions across both conditions, although whether antipsychotic medication contributed to this effect is unclear. These findings suggest that while processing emotional information in social scenes, both individuals with autism and individuals with schizophrenia fixate faces less than controls, although only those with autism fail to orient to faces more rapidly based on the presence of facial information. Autism and schizophrenia may therefore share an abnormality in utilizing facial information for assessing emotional content in social scenes, but differ in the ability to seek out socially relevant cues from complex stimuli. Impairments in social orienting are discussed within the context of evidence suggesting the role of the amygdala in orienting to emotionally meaningful information. (c) 2007 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
C1 Univ N Carolina, Neurodev Disorders Res Ctr, Chapel Hill, NC 27599 USA.
CALTECH, Div Humanities & Social Sci, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA.
Univ N Carolina, Dept Psychol, Chapel Hill, NC 27515 USA.
RP Sasson, N (reprint author), Univ N Carolina, Neurodev Disorders Res Ctr, CB 3367, Chapel Hill, NC 27599 USA.
EM nsasson@email.unc.edu
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NR 62
TC 72
Z9 72
PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND
SN 0028-3932
J9 NEUROPSYCHOLOGIA
JI Neuropsychologia
PY 2007
VL 45
IS 11
BP 2580
EP 2588
DI 10.1016/j.neuropsychologia.2007.03.009
PG 9
WC Behavioral Sciences; Neurosciences; Psychology, Experimental
SC Behavioral Sciences; Neurosciences & Neurology; Psychology
GA 187RL
UT WOS:000247865800018
PM 17459428
ER
PT J
AU Gaffrey, MS
Kleinhans, NM
Haist, F
Akshoomoff, N
Campbell, A
Courchesne, E
Muller, RA
AF Gaffrey, Michael S.
Kleinhans, Natalia M.
Haist, Frank
Akshoomoff, Natacha
Campbell, Ashley
Courchesne, Eric
Mueller, Ralph-Axel
TI Atypical participation of visual cortex during word processing in
autism: An fMRI study of semantic decision (vol 45, pg 1672, 2007)
SO NEUROPSYCHOLOGIA
LA English
DT Correction
C1 San Diego State Univ, Dept Psychol, Brain Dev Imaging Lab, San Diego, CA 92120 USA.
Univ Wisconsin, Dept Psychol, Milwaukee, WI 53211 USA.
San Diego State Univ, Joint Doctoral Program Clin Psychol, San Diego, CA USA.
Univ Calif San Diego, San Diego, CA USA.
Univ Washington, Dept Radiol, Seattle, WA 98195 USA.
Univ Calif San Diego, Dept Psychiat, San Diego, CA 92093 USA.
Univ Calif San Diego, Dept Neurosci, San Diego, CA 92093 USA.
Univ Calif San Diego, Dept Cognit Sci, San Diego, CA 92093 USA.
RP Muller, RA (reprint author), San Diego State Univ, Dept Psychol, Brain Dev Imaging Lab, San Diego, CA 92120 USA.
EM amueller@sciences.sdsu.edu
RI Haist, Frank/C-3177-2013
OI Haist, Frank/0000-0002-7254-6083
CR Gaffrey MS, 2007, NEUROPSYCHOLOGIA, V45, P1672, DOI 10.1016/j.neuropsychologia.2007.01.008
NR 1
TC 0
Z9 0
PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND
SN 0028-3932
J9 NEUROPSYCHOLOGIA
JI Neuropsychologia
PY 2007
VL 45
IS 11
BP 2644
EP 2644
DI 10.1016/j.neuropsychologia.2007.04.014
PG 1
WC Behavioral Sciences; Neurosciences; Psychology, Experimental
SC Behavioral Sciences; Neurosciences & Neurology; Psychology
GA 187RL
UT WOS:000247865800027
ER
PT J
AU Shamay-Tsoory, SG
Aharon-Peretz, J
AF Shamay-Tsoory, Simone G.
Aharon-Peretz, Judith
TI Dissociable prefrontal networks for cognitive and affective theory of
mind: A lesion study
SO NEUROPSYCHOLOGIA
LA English
DT Article
DE affective processing; theory of mind; ventromedial prefrontal cortex
ID FRONTAL-LOBE; PERSPECTIVE-TAKING; ASPERGER-SYNDROME; EMPATHY DEFICITS;
AUTISM; BRAIN; DAMAGE; SELF; REPRESENTATION; COMPREHENSION
AB The underlying mechanisms and neuroanatomical correlates of theory of mind (ToM), the ability to make inferences on others' mental states, remain largely unknown. While numerous studies have implicated the ventromedial (VM) frontal lobes in ToM, recent findings have questioned the role of the prefrontal cortex. We designed two novel tasks that examined the hypothesis that affective ToM processing is distinct from that related to cognitive ToM and depends in part on separate anatomical substrates. The performance of patients with localized lesions in the VM was compared to responses of patients with dorsolateral lesions, mixed prefrontal lesions, and posterior lesions and with healthy control subjects. While controls made fewer errors on affective as compared to cognitive ToM conditions in both tasks, patients with VM damage showed a different trend. Furthermore, while affective ToM was mostly impaired by VM damage, cognitive ToM was mostly impaired by extensive prefrontal damage, suggesting that cognitive and affective mentalizing abilities are partly dissociable. By introducing the concept of 'affective ToM' to the study of social cognition, these results offer new insights into the mediating role of the VM in the affective facets of social behavior that may underlie the behavioral disturbances observed in these patients. (C) 2007 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
C1 Univ Haifa, Dept Psychol, IL-31905 Haifa, Israel.
Univ Haifa, Brain & Behav Ctr, IL-31905 Haifa, Israel.
Rambam Med Ctr, Cognit Neurol Unit, Haifa, Israel.
RP Shamay-Tsoory, SG (reprint author), Univ Haifa, Dept Psychol, IL-31905 Haifa, Israel.
EM sshamay@psy.haifa.ac.il
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NR 53
TC 151
Z9 160
PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND
SN 0028-3932
J9 NEUROPSYCHOLOGIA
JI Neuropsychologia
PY 2007
VL 45
IS 13
BP 3054
EP 3067
DI 10.1016/j.neuropsychologia.2007.05.021
PG 14
WC Behavioral Sciences; Neurosciences; Psychology, Experimental
SC Behavioral Sciences; Neurosciences & Neurology; Psychology
GA 221WC
UT WOS:000250257100016
PM 17640690
ER
PT J
AU de Jonge, MV
Kemner, C
de Haan, EH
Coppens, JE
van den Berg, TJTP
van Engeland, H
AF de Jonge, M. V.
Kemner, C.
de Haan, E. H.
Coppens, J. E.
van den Berg, T. J. T. P.
van Engeland, H.
TI Visual information processing in high-functioning individuals with
autism spectrum disorders and their parents
SO NEUROPSYCHOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE autism spectrum disorders; contrast sensitivity; motion perception;
parents; visual
ID DIAGNOSTIC OBSERVATION SCHEDULE; WEAK CENTRAL COHERENCE; MOTION
PERCEPTION; ENHANCED DISCRIMINATION; COGNITIVE PHENOTYPE;
ASPERGER-SYNDROME; INFANTILE-AUTISM; 2ND-ORDER MOTION; FAMILY HISTORY;
CHILDREN
AB The authors assessed visual information processing in high-functioning individuals with pervasive developmental disorders (PDD) and their parents. The authors used tasks for contrast sensitivity, motion, and form perception to test visual processing occurring relatively early and late in the magnocellular-dorsal and parvocellular-ventral pathways. No deficits were found in contrast sensitivity for low or high spatial frequencies or for motion or form perception between individuals with PDD in comparison with a matched control group. Individuals with PDD performed equally with or better than controls on motion detection tasks. In addition, the authors did not find differences on any of the tasks between parents of the PDD group and matched control parents. These results indicate that high-functioning individuals with PDD and their parents are able to process visual stimuli that rely on early or late processing in the magnocellular-dorsal and parvocellular-ventral pathways as well as controls.
C1 Univ Utrecht, Med Ctr, Dept Child & Adolescent Psychiat, NL-3508 GA Utrecht, Netherlands.
Maastricht Univ, Maastricht, Netherlands.
Univ Utrecht, Helmholtz Res Inst, Psychol Lab, NL-3508 TC Utrecht, Netherlands.
Roayl Netherlands Acad Arts & Sci, Netherlands Ophthalm Res Inst, Amsterdam, Netherlands.
RP de Jonge, MV (reprint author), Univ Utrecht, Med Ctr, Dept Child & Adolescent Psychiat, HP B01-201,POB 85500, NL-3508 GA Utrecht, Netherlands.
EM M.V.Jonge@umcutrecht.nl
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NR 61
TC 37
Z9 37
PU AMER PSYCHOLOGICAL ASSOC/EDUCATIONAL PUBLISHING FOUNDATION
PI WASHINGTON
PA 750 FIRST ST NE, WASHINGTON, DC 20002-4242 USA
SN 0894-4105
J9 NEUROPSYCHOLOGY
JI Neuropsychology
PD JAN
PY 2007
VL 21
IS 1
BP 65
EP 73
DI 10.1037/0894-4105.21.1.65
PG 9
WC Psychology, Clinical; Neurosciences; Psychology
SC Psychology; Neurosciences & Neurology
GA 122HC
UT WOS:000243215400006
PM 17201530
ER
PT J
AU Loesch, DZ
Bui, QM
Dissanayake, C
Clifford, S
Gould, E
Bulhak-Paterson, D
Tassone, F
Taylor, AK
Hessl, D
Hagerman, R
Huggins, RM
AF Loesch, Danuta Z.
Bui, Quang M.
Dissanayake, Cheryl
Clifford, Sally
Gould, Emma
Bulhak-Paterson, Danuta
Tassone, Flora
Taylor, Annette K.
Hessl, David
Hagerman, Randi
Huggins, Richard M.
TI Molecular and cognitive predictors of the continuum of autistic
behaviours in fragile X
SO NEUROSCIENCE AND BIOBEHAVIORAL REVIEWS
LA English
DT Review
DE fragile X; autism spectrum; ADOS-G; cognitive impairments; FMRP;
predictors of autism behaviours
ID MENTAL-RETARDATION PROTEIN; PERVASIVE DEVELOPMENTAL DISORDERS; ROBUST
PEDIGREE ANALYSIS; POSTERIOR-FOSSA; TUBEROUS SCLEROSIS;
CLINICAL-FEATURES; SPECTRUM DISORDER; WILLIAMS-SYNDROME; STATUS
CATEGORIES; ASPERGER-SYNDROME
AB The distributions of scores for autistic behaviours obtained from the Autism Diagnostic Observation Scale-Generic (ADOS-G) were investigated in 147 males and females affected with the full mutation in the fragile X mental retardation 1 (FMR1) gene, in 59 individuals with the premutation, and in 42 non-fragile X relatives, aged 4 70 years. The scores representing communication and social interaction were continuously distributed across the two fragile X groups, and they were significantly elevated compared with the non-fragile X controls. Strong relationships were found between both these scores and FMRP deficits, but they became insignificant for social interaction, and the sum of social interaction and communication scores, when FSIQ was included as another predictor of autism scores. Other significant predictors of these scores in both sexes were those executive skills which related to verbal fluency, and to the regulation and control of motor behaviour. Overall, our data have shown that cognitive impairment, especially of verbal skills, best explains the comorbidity of autism and fragile X. This implies some more fundamental perturbations of specific neural connections which are essential for both specific behaviours and cognition. We also emphasize that FXS offers a unique molecular model for autism since FMRP regulates the translation of many other genes involved in synaptic formation and plasticity which should be natural targets for further exploration. (c) 2006 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
C1 La Trobe Univ, Sch Psychol Sci, Melbourne, Vic, Australia.
Univ Melbourne, Dept Math & Stat, Melbourne, Vic, Australia.
Univ Calif Davis, Dept Biol Chem, Sch Med, Sacramento, CA 95817 USA.
Kimball Genet Inc, Denver, CO USA.
Univ Calif Davis, Dept Psychiat & Behav Sci, Sch Med, Sacramento, CA 95817 USA.
Univ Calif Davis, MIND Inst, Sch Med, Sacramento, CA 95817 USA.
Univ Calif Davis, Dept Pediat, Sch Med, Sacramento, CA 95817 USA.
RP Loesch, DZ (reprint author), La Trobe Univ, Dept Psychol Sci, Bundoora, Vic 3086, Australia.
EM d.loesch@latrobe.edu.au
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NR 79
TC 68
Z9 70
PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND
SN 0149-7634
J9 NEUROSCI BIOBEHAV R
JI Neurosci. Biobehav. Rev.
PY 2007
VL 31
IS 3
BP 315
EP 326
DI 10.1016/j.neubiorev.2006.09.007
PG 12
WC Behavioral Sciences; Neurosciences
SC Behavioral Sciences; Neurosciences & Neurology
GA 165OZ
UT WOS:000246316100002
PM 17097142
ER
PT J
AU Laycock, R
Crewther, SG
Crewther, DP
AF Laycock, R.
Crewther, S. G.
Crewther, D. P.
TI A role for the 'magnocellular advantage' in visual impairments in neuro
developmental and psychiatric disorders
SO NEUROSCIENCE AND BIOBEHAVIORAL REVIEWS
LA English
DT Review
DE magnocellular; attention; primary visual cortex; feedback; dorsal
stream; ventral stream; neurodevelopmental and psychiatric disorder
ID LATERAL GENICULATE-NUCLEUS; TRANSCRANIAL MAGNETIC STIMULATION;
FIGURE-GROUND SEGREGATION; FRAGILE-X-SYNDROME; MACAQUE MONKEY; AREA MT;
MOTION PERCEPTION; PARVOCELLULAR CONTRIBUTIONS; CONTRAST SENSITIVITY;
STRIATE CORTEX
AB Evidence exists implicating abnormal visual information processing and visually driven attention in a number of neurodevelopmental and psychiatric disorders, suggesting that research into such disorders may benefit from a better understanding of more recent advances in visual system processing. A new integrated model of visual processing based on primate single cell and human electrophysiology may provide a framework, to understand how the visual system is involved, by implicating the magnocellular pathway's role in driving attentional mechanisms in higher-order cortical regions, what we term the 'magnocellular advantage'. Evidence is also presented demonstrating visual processing occurs considerably faster than previously assumed, and emphasising the importance of top-down feedback signals into primary visual cortex, as well as considering the possibility of lateral connections from dorsal to ventral visual areas. Such organisation is argued to be important for future research highlighting visual aspects of impairment in disorders as diverse as schizophrenia and autism. (c) 2006 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
C1 La Trobe Univ, Sch Psychol Sci, Bundoora, Vic 3086, Australia.
Swinburne Univ, Brain Sci Inst, Hawthorn, Vic 3122, Australia.
RP Laycock, R (reprint author), La Trobe Univ, Sch Psychol Sci, Bundoora, Vic 3086, Australia.
EM r.laycock@latrobe.edu.au
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NR 155
TC 46
Z9 46
PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND
SN 0149-7634
J9 NEUROSCI BIOBEHAV R
JI Neurosci. Biobehav. Rev.
PY 2007
VL 31
IS 3
BP 363
EP 376
DI 10.1016/j.neubiorev.2006.10.003
PG 14
WC Behavioral Sciences; Neurosciences
SC Behavioral Sciences; Neurosciences & Neurology
GA 165OZ
UT WOS:000246316100005
PM 17141311
ER
PT J
AU Hashimoto, T
AF Hashimoto, Toshiaki
TI Clinical syndromes as models of autism
SO NEUROSCIENCE RESEARCH
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
C1 Naruto Univ Educ, Dept Educ Disabled, Naruto 772, Japan.
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
PU ELSEVIER IRELAND LTD
PI CLARE
PA ELSEVIER HOUSE, BROOKVALE PLAZA, EAST PARK SHANNON, CO, CLARE, 00000,
IRELAND
SN 0168-0102
J9 NEUROSCI RES
JI Neurosci. Res.
PY 2007
VL 58
SU 1
BP S27
EP S27
DI 10.1016/j.neures.2007.06.159
PG 1
WC Neurosciences
SC Neurosciences & Neurology
GA 207TA
UT WOS:000249272800156
ER
PT J
AU Inagaki, M
Kaga, M
AF Inagaki, Masumi
Kaga, Makiko
TI Autism: Clinical medicine to neuroscience
SO NEUROSCIENCE RESEARCH
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
PU ELSEVIER IRELAND LTD
PI CLARE
PA ELSEVIER HOUSE, BROOKVALE PLAZA, EAST PARK SHANNON, CO, CLARE, 00000,
IRELAND
SN 0168-0102
J9 NEUROSCI RES
JI Neurosci. Res.
PY 2007
VL 58
SU 1
BP S27
EP S27
DI 10.1016/j.neures.2007.06.157
PG 1
WC Neurosciences
SC Neurosciences & Neurology
GA 207TA
UT WOS:000249272800154
ER
PT J
AU Jou, RJ
Paterson, SJ
Papademetris, X
Staib, LH
Schultz, RT
AF Jou, Roger J.
Paterson, Sarah J.
Papademetris, Xenophon
Staib, Lawrence H.
Schultz, Robert T.
TI Abnormalities in white matter structure in autism spectrum disorders
detected by diffusion tensor imaging
SO NEUROSCIENCE RESEARCH
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
C1 Yale Univ, Dept Psychiat, New Haven, CT 06520 USA.
Yale Univ, Ctr Child Study, New Haven, CT 06520 USA.
Yale Univ, Dept Diagnost Radiol, New Haven, CT 06510 USA.
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
PU ELSEVIER IRELAND LTD
PI CLARE
PA ELSEVIER HOUSE, BROOKVALE PLAZA, EAST PARK SHANNON, CO, CLARE, 00000,
IRELAND
SN 0168-0102
J9 NEUROSCI RES
JI Neurosci. Res.
PY 2007
VL 58
SU 1
BP S62
EP S62
DI 10.1016/j.neures.2007.06.367
PG 1
WC Neurosciences
SC Neurosciences & Neurology
GA 207TA
UT WOS:000249272800364
ER
PT J
AU Kasai, K
Kawakubo, Y
Kuwabara, H
Yamasue, H
AF Kasai, Kiyoto
Kawakubo, Yuki
Kuwabara, Hitoshi
Yamasue, Hidenori
TI Neuroimaging in autism spectrum disorders
SO NEUROSCIENCE RESEARCH
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
C1 Univ Tokyo, Dept Neuropsychiat, Tokyo, Japan.
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
PU ELSEVIER IRELAND LTD
PI CLARE
PA ELSEVIER HOUSE, BROOKVALE PLAZA, EAST PARK SHANNON, CO, CLARE, 00000,
IRELAND
SN 0168-0102
J9 NEUROSCI RES
JI Neurosci. Res.
PY 2007
VL 58
SU 1
BP S27
EP S27
DI 10.1016/j.neures.2007.06.158
PG 1
WC Neurosciences
SC Neurosciences & Neurology
GA 207TA
UT WOS:000249272800155
ER
PT J
AU Narita, M
AF Narita, Masaaki
TI Experimental animals as models of autism
SO NEUROSCIENCE RESEARCH
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
PU ELSEVIER IRELAND LTD
PI CLARE
PA ELSEVIER HOUSE, BROOKVALE PLAZA, EAST PARK SHANNON, CO, CLARE, 00000,
IRELAND
SN 0168-0102
J9 NEUROSCI RES
JI Neurosci. Res.
PY 2007
VL 58
SU 1
BP S28
EP S28
DI 10.1016/j.neures.2007.06.161
PG 1
WC Neurosciences
SC Neurosciences & Neurology
GA 207TA
UT WOS:000249272800158
ER
PT J
AU Takahashi, H
Omori, T
Murohashi, H
Kamio, Y
AF Takahashi, Hideyuki
Omori, Takashi
Murohashi, Harumitu
Kamio, Yoko
TI Dysfunction of dynamical modulation of decision-making process depending
on social context in autism spectrum disorder
SO NEUROSCIENCE RESEARCH
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
C1 Hokkaido Univ, Grad Sch Informat Sci & Technol, Sapporo, Hokkaido 060, Japan.
Tamagawa Univ, Res Inst, Tokyo, Japan.
Hokkaido Univ, Grad Sch Educ, Sapporo, Hokkaido 060, Japan.
NIMH, Tokyo, Japan.
RI Murohashi, Harumitsu/G-8896-2011
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
PU ELSEVIER IRELAND LTD
PI CLARE
PA ELSEVIER HOUSE, BROOKVALE PLAZA, EAST PARK SHANNON, CO, CLARE, 00000,
IRELAND
SN 0168-0102
J9 NEUROSCI RES
JI Neurosci. Res.
PY 2007
VL 58
SU 1
BP S64
EP S64
DI 10.1016/j.neures.2007.06.379
PG 1
WC Neurosciences
SC Neurosciences & Neurology
GA 207TA
UT WOS:000249272800376
ER
PT J
AU Wagner, GC
Reuhl, KR
Ming, X
Halladay, AK
AF Wagner, George C.
Reuhl, Kenneth R.
Ming, Xue
Halladay, Alycia K.
TI Behavioral and neurochemical sensitization to amphetamine following
early postnatal administration of methylmercury (MeHg)
SO NEUROTOXICOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE methylmercury; amphetamine; self-injurious behavior
ID SELF-INJURIOUS-BEHAVIOR; STRIATAL DOPAMINE RELEASE; METHYL MERCURY
EXPOSURE; NEUROBEHAVIORAL CHANGES; PRENATAL METHYLMERCURY; RATS; AUTISM;
MICE; CHILDREN; NEUROTOXICITY
AB Perinatal exposure to methylmercury (MeHg) in rodents has been linked to changes in sensitivity to dopaminergic agents later in life. In an effort to determine the behavioral and neurochemical response to the indirect dopaminergic and serotonergic agonist amphetamine following neonatal exposure to MeHg, male BALB/c mice were administered MeHg during critical periods of neural development and challenged with amphetamine as adults. Mice were observed 15, 30 and 60 min after a single amphetamine injection (7.5 mg/kg i.p.) for presence of stereotypic and self-injurious behaviors, abnormal posture, and hyperthermia. Mice treated with 2 or 4 mg/kg MeHg on alternate days 3-15 of life demonstrated an increase in body temperature and the appearance of stereotypic and self-injurious behaviors not observed when amphetamine was administered to either vehicle-exposed mice or those treated with an equivalent total amount of MeHg administered on postnatal days 13 and 15. Neurochemical analysis of MeHg- and vehicle-exposed mice challenged with amphetamine or saline revealed alterations in dopaminergic and serotonergic activity which corresponded to the sensitized behavioral response to amphetamine. These observations demonstrate a critical window for MeHg exposure affecting the later appearance of amphetamine-induced self-injurious behavior and support the hypothesis that early exposure to environmental neurotoxicants may predispose individuals to engage in aberrant, intrusive behaviors later in life. (c) 2006 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
C1 Rutgers State Univ, Dept Psychol, Piscataway, NJ 08854 USA.
Rutgers State Univ, Dept Toxicol, Piscataway, NJ 08854 USA.
Rutgers State Univ, Ctr Child Neurotoxicol & Exposure Assessment, Piscataway, NJ 08854 USA.
Univ Med & Dent New Jersey, Dept Neurosci, Newark, NJ 07101 USA.
RP Wagner, GC (reprint author), Rutgers State Univ, Dept Psychol, 152 Frelinghuysen Rd, Piscataway, NJ 08854 USA.
EM gcwagner@rci.rutgers.edu
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NR 62
TC 10
Z9 10
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0161-813X
J9 NEUROTOXICOLOGY
JI Neurotoxicology
PD JAN
PY 2007
VL 28
IS 1
BP 59
EP 66
DI 10.1016/j.neuro.2006.07.007
PG 8
WC Neurosciences; Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Toxicology
SC Neurosciences & Neurology; Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Toxicology
GA 145CY
UT WOS:000244844100008
PM 16942796
ER
PT J
AU White, PA
AF White, Patricia A.
TI Autism and the myth of the person alone
SO NURSING HISTORY REVIEW
LA English
DT Book Review
C1 Univ Penn, Sch Nursing, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA.
RP White, PA (reprint author), Univ Penn, Sch Nursing, 420 Guardian Dr, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA.
CR Biklen Douglas, 2005, AUTISM MYTH PERSON
NR 1
TC 0
Z9 0
PU SPRINGER PUBLISHING CO
PI NEW YORK
PA 11 WEST 42ND STREET, NEW YORK, NY 10036 USA
SN 1062-8061
J9 NURS HIST REV
JI Nurs. Hist. Rev.
PY 2007
VL 15
BP 206
EP 207
PG 2
WC History & Philosophy Of Science; History Of Social Sciences; Nursing
SC History & Philosophy of Science; Social Sciences - Other Topics; Nursing
GA 216LD
UT WOS:000249878600031
ER
PT J
AU Ni, L
Acevedo, G
Muralidharan, B
Padala, N
To, J
Jonakait, GM
AF Ni, Li
Acevedo, Giselles
Muralidharan, Bhargavi
Padala, Nischal
To, Jennifer
Jonakait, G. Miller
TI Toll-like receptor ligands and CD154 stimulate microglia to produce a
factor(s) that promotes excess cholinergic differentiation in the
developing rat basal forebrain: Implications for neurodevelopmental
disorders
SO PEDIATRIC RESEARCH
LA English
DT Article
ID CENTRAL-NERVOUS-SYSTEM; ADAPTIVE IMMUNE-RESPONSES; IN-VITRO; MATERNAL
INFECTION; CONDITIONED MEDIUM; CEREBRAL-CORTEX; FETAL BRAIN; CELL-DEATH;
AUTISM; MACROPHAGES
AB Maternal inflammation plays a role in the etiology of certain neurodevelopmental disorders including autism and schizophrenia. Because maternal inflammation can lead to activation of fetal microglia, we have examined effects of inflamed microglia on cultured neural progenitors from rat embryonic septal region and basal forebrain. These cells give rise to cholinergic neurons projecting to cortex and hippocampus. Microglia stimulated with lipopolysaccharide (LPS), peptidoglycan, Poly I:C and CD154 produce conditioned media (CM) that promotes excessive numbers of cholinergic neurons and levels of choline acetyltransferase (ChAT) activity 6-8 times that of untreated cultures. Expression of the neural-specific transcription factor MATH1 increases substantially within 1 h of plating in LPS-CM. Untreated cultures do not attain equivalent levels until 6 h. By contrast, expression of glial-related transcription factors in LPS-CM-treated cultures never attains the elevated levels of untreated cultures. LPS-CM-treated clones derived from individual progenitors labeled with a LacZ-expressing retrovirus showed > 2.5-fold increase in the percentage of cholinergic cells compared with untreated clones. Thus, CM from activated microglia prompts excess cholinergic differentiation from undifferentiated progenitors suggesting that microglial inflammation during critical stages can lead to aberrant brain development.
C1 New Jersey Inst Technol, Dept Biol Sci, Newark, NJ 07102 USA.
Rutgers State Univ, Newark, NJ 07102 USA.
RP Jonakait, GM (reprint author), New Jersey Inst Technol, Dept Biol Sci, 101 Warren St, Newark, NJ 07102 USA.
EM Jonakait@andromeda.rutgers.edu
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NR 39
TC 13
Z9 14
PU INT PEDIATRIC RESEARCH FOUNDATION, INC
PI BALTIMORE
PA 351 WEST CAMDEN ST, BALTIMORE, MD 21201-2436 USA
SN 0031-3998
J9 PEDIATR RES
JI Pediatr. Res.
PD JAN
PY 2007
VL 61
IS 1
BP 15
EP 20
DI 10.1203/01.pdr.0000249981.70618.18
PG 6
WC Pediatrics
SC Pediatrics
GA 119WS
UT WOS:000243045700004
PM 17211134
ER
PT J
AU Gupta, VB
Hyman, SL
Johnson, CP
Bryant, J
Byers, B
Kallen, R
Levy, SE
Myers, SM
Rosenblatt, AI
Yeargin-Allsopp, M
AF Gupta, Vidya Bhushan
Hyman, Susan L.
Johnson, Chris Plauche
Bryant, James
Byers, Barbara
Kallen, Ronald
Levy, Susan E.
Myers, Scott M.
Rosenblatt, Alan I.
Yeargin-Allsopp, Marshalyn
TI Identifying children with autism early?
SO PEDIATRICS
LA English
DT Editorial Material
ID SPECTRUM DISORDERS; YOUNG-CHILDREN; DIAGNOSIS; FAMILIES; AGE
C1 New York Med Coll, Valhalla, NY 10595 USA.
Univ Rochester, Sch Med & Dent, Rochester, NY USA.
Univ Texas, Hlth Sci Ctr, San Antonio, TX 78285 USA.
Ohio Bur Children Med Handicaps, Columbus, OH USA.
Ann Arbor Families Autist Childrens Educ & Suppor, Ann Arbor, MI USA.
Northwestern Univ, Childrens Mem Hosp, Feinberg Sch Med, Chicago, IL 60611 USA.
Univ Penn, Sch Med, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA.
Geisinger Med Ctr, Danville, PA 17822 USA.
Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Birth Defects & Dev Disabil, Atlanta, GA USA.
RP Gupta, VB (reprint author), 32 Sunset Rd, Demarest, NJ 07627 USA.
EM bhushan07627@yahoo.com
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Robins DL, 2006, J DEV BEHAV PEDIATR, V27, pS111, DOI 10.1097/00004703-200604002-00009
Smith CG, 2006, PEDIATRICS, V118, P1, DOI 10.1542/peds.2005-1879
Williams J, 2006, AUTISM, V10, P11, DOI 10.1177/13623613060S7876
NR 12
TC 19
Z9 19
PU AMER ACAD PEDIATRICS
PI ELK GROVE VILLAGE
PA 141 NORTH-WEST POINT BLVD,, ELK GROVE VILLAGE, IL 60007-1098 USA
SN 0031-4005
J9 PEDIATRICS
JI Pediatrics
PD JAN
PY 2007
VL 119
IS 1
BP 152
EP 153
DI 10.1542/peds.2006-2026
PG 2
WC Pediatrics
SC Pediatrics
GA 121YB
UT WOS:000243191800058
PM 17200280
ER
PT J
AU Rosen, NJ
Yoshida, CK
Croen, LA
AF Rosen, Nila J.
Yoshida, Cathleen K.
Croen, Lisa A.
TI Infection in the first 2 years of life and autism spectrum disorders
SO PEDIATRICS
LA English
DT Article
DE autism; autistic disorder; infant; newborn infant; infection;
epidemiology
ID CONGENITAL CYTOMEGALOVIRUS-INFECTION; HERPES-SIMPLEX ENCEPHALITIS;
NERVOUS-SYSTEM INFECTIONS; URINARY-TRACT INFECTIONS; PRENATAL
VIRAL-INFECTION; INFANTILE-AUTISM; RISK-FACTORS; FOLLOW-UP; CHILDREN;
SCHIZOPHRENIA
AB OBJECTIVE. The purpose of this work was to investigate the association between infections in the first 2 years and subsequent diagnosis of autism spectrum disorders.
METHODS. We conducted a case-control study among children born at Kaiser Permanente Northern California from 1995 to 1999. Case subjects (n = 403) were children with an autism diagnosis recorded in Kaiser Permanente databases. Control subjects (n = 2100) were randomly sampled from the remaining children without autism and frequency matched to case subjects on gender, birth year, and birth hospital. Information on infections and covariates were obtained from Kaiser Permanente and birth certificate databases.
RESULTS. Overall, infection diagnoses in the first 2 years of life were recorded slightly less often for children with autism than control children (95.0% vs 97.5%). Among specific diagnoses, upper respiratory infections were significantly less frequently diagnosed and genitourinary infections more frequently diagnosed in children with autism. In the first 30 days of life, the frequency of having an infection was slightly higher among children with autism (22.6% vs 18.7%).
CONCLUSIONS. Children with subsequent diagnoses of autism do not have more overall infections in the first 2 years of life than children without autism. Data suggest that children with autism may have modestly elevated rates of infection in the first 30 days and that, during the first 2 years, children with autism may be at higher risk for certain types of infections and lower risk for others. Additional studies that explore the associations between prenatal and early childhood infections and autism may help clarify the role of infection and the immune system in the etiology of autism spectrum disorder.
C1 Kaiser Permanente, Div Res, Oakland, CA USA.
RP Rosen, NJ (reprint author), Calif Dept Hlth Serv, 850 Marina Bay Pkwy,Bldg P, Richmond, CA 94804 USA.
EM nrogosin@dhs.ca.gov
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NR 65
TC 25
Z9 27
PU AMER ACAD PEDIATRICS
PI ELK GROVE VILLAGE
PA 141 NORTH-WEST POINT BLVD,, ELK GROVE VILLAGE, IL 60007-1098 USA
SN 0031-4005
J9 PEDIATRICS
JI Pediatrics
PD JAN
PY 2007
VL 119
IS 1
BP E61
EP U18
DI 10.1542/peds.2006-1788
PG 9
WC Pediatrics
SC Pediatrics
GA 121YB
UT WOS:000243191800009
PM 17200260
ER
PT J
AU Simmons, DR
Mckay, L
McAleer, P
Toal, E
Robertson, A
Pollick, FE
AF Simmons, D. R.
Mckay, L.
McAleer, P.
Toal, E.
Robertson, A.
Pollick, F. E.
TI Neural noise and autism spectrum disorders
SO PERCEPTION
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
C1 [Simmons, D. R.; Mckay, L.; McAleer, P.; Toal, E.; Robertson, A.; Pollick, F. E.] Univ Glasgow, Dept Psychol, Glasgow, Lanark, Scotland.
EM david@psy.gla.ac.uk
RI McAleer, Phil/A-8178-2011; Pollick, Frank/B-1971-2010; Simmons,
David/A-4916-2012
OI McAleer, Phil/0000-0002-4523-2097;
NR 0
TC 2
Z9 2
PU PION LTD
PI LONDON
PA 207 BRONDESBURY PARK, LONDON NW2 5JN, ENGLAND
SN 0301-0066
J9 PERCEPTION
JI Perception
PY 2007
VL 36
SU S
BP 119
EP 120
PG 2
WC Psychology; Psychology, Experimental
SC Psychology
GA 226NA
UT WOS:000250594600426
ER
PT J
AU Congiu, S
Schlottmann, A
AF Congiu, S.
Schlottmann, A.
TI The perception of social and physical causality in high-functioning
children with autism
SO PERCEPTION
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
C1 Univ Siena, Dipartimento Filosofia & Sci Social, I-53100 Siena, Italy.
[Schlottmann, A.] UCL, London, England.
EM congiu@media.unisi.it
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
PU PION LTD
PI LONDON
PA 207 BRONDESBURY PARK, LONDON NW2 5JN, ENGLAND
SN 0301-0066
J9 PERCEPTION
JI Perception
PY 2007
VL 36
SU S
BP 139
EP 139
PG 1
WC Psychology; Psychology, Experimental
SC Psychology
GA 226NA
UT WOS:000250594600497
ER
PT J
AU Falter, CM
Plaisted, K
Davis, G
AF Falter, C. M.
Plaisted, K.
Davis, G.
TI Competition between perceptual grouping principles reveals latent
selective grouping abnormalities in autism
SO PERCEPTION
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
C1 [Falter, C. M.; Plaisted, K.; Davis, G.] Univ Cambridge, Dept Expt Psychol, Cambridge CB2 1TN, England.
EM cmf42@cam.ac.uk
RI Davis, Gregory/G-9954-2012
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
PU PION LTD
PI LONDON
PA 207 BRONDESBURY PARK, LONDON NW2 5JN, ENGLAND
SN 0301-0066
J9 PERCEPTION
JI Perception
PY 2007
VL 36
SU S
BP 139
EP 139
PG 1
WC Psychology; Psychology, Experimental
SC Psychology
GA 226NA
UT WOS:000250594600500
ER
PT J
AU Rhodes, GI
Pellicano, L
Jeffery, L
Burr, D
AF Rhodes, G. I.
Pellicano, L.
Jeffery, L.
Burr, D.
TI Abnormal adaptive face-coding mechanisms in autism
SO PERCEPTION
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
C1 [Rhodes, G. I.; Jeffery, L.] Univ Western Australia, Dept Psychol, Perth, WA 6009, Australia.
[Pellicano, L.] Univ Bristol, Bristol, Avon, England.
[Burr, D.] Univ Florence, Florence, Italy.
EM gill@psy.uwa.edu.au
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
PU PION LTD
PI LONDON
PA 207 BRONDESBURY PARK, LONDON NW2 5JN, ENGLAND
SN 0301-0066
J9 PERCEPTION
JI Perception
PY 2007
VL 36
SU S
BP 152
EP 152
PG 1
WC Psychology; Psychology, Experimental
SC Psychology
GA 226NA
UT WOS:000250594600545
ER
PT J
AU Gowen, E
Miall, RC
AF Gowen, E.
Miall, R. C.
TI Perceiving and drawing ambiguous figures in autism spectrum disorder
SO PERCEPTION
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
C1 [Gowen, E.] Univ Manchester, Fac Life Sci, Manchester M13 9PL, Lancs, England.
[Miall, R. C.] Univ Birmingham, Sch Psychol, Birmingham B15 2TT, W Midlands, England.
EM emma.gowen@manchester.ac.uk
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
PU PION LTD
PI LONDON
PA 207 BRONDESBURY PARK, LONDON NW2 5JN, ENGLAND
SN 0301-0066
J9 PERCEPTION
JI Perception
PY 2007
VL 36
IS 9
MA 20
BP 1406
EP 1406
PG 1
WC Psychology; Psychology, Experimental
SC Psychology
GA 251CH
UT WOS:000252347700032
ER
PT J
AU Wiefel, A
Titze, K
Kuntze, L
Winter, M
Seither, C
Witte, B
Lenz, K
Gruters, A
Lehmkuhl, U
AF Wiefel, Andreas
Titze, Karl
Kuntze, Lena
Winter, Mirja
Seither, Corinna
Witte, Ben
Lenz, Klaus
Grueters, Annette
Lehmkuhl, Ulrike
TI Diagnostic classification of mental disorders in infants and toddlers
age 0 to 5
SO PRAXIS DER KINDERPSYCHOLOGIE UND KINDERPSYCHIATRIE
LA German
DT Review
DE diagnostic classification 0-3 (DC : 0-3R); infant psychiatry;
parent-infant-interaction-practise parameters; Research Diagnostic
Criteria Preschool Age (RDC-PA)
ID PSYCHOPATHOLOGY; CHALLENGES; RISK; PSYCHIATRY; BEHAVIOR; AUTISM; CHILD
AB The Article is working on developmental psychopathology, diagnosis, and treatment of behavioral problems in infants and toddlers age 0 to 5. An overview of the literature about the international discussion is given. In particular diagnostic classification is elaborated by mentioning the revision of,Diagnostic Classification 0-3 (DC: 0-3R)" and "Research Diagnostic Criteria-Preschool Age (RDC-PA)". State of the art and clinical implication is reported on the basis of principal considerations on infant psychiatry. The american practice parameters become adapted and a working title for diagnostic formulation is given. More research should be done against the background of the introduced standards.
C1 Otto Heubner Ctr Kinder & Jugendmed, Charite, Sozialpadiatr Zentrum Chron Kranke Kinder, D-13353 Berlin, Germany.
RP Wiefel, A (reprint author), Otto Heubner Ctr Kinder & Jugendmed, Charite, Sozialpadiatr Zentrum Chron Kranke Kinder, Augustenburger Pl 1, D-13353 Berlin, Germany.
EM andreas.wiefel@charite.de
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ZERO TO THREE, 2005, DIAGN CLASS MENT HLT
NR 42
TC 8
Z9 8
PU VANDENHOECK & RUPRECHT
PI GOTTINGEN
PA THEATERSTRASSE 13,, D-37073 GOTTINGEN, GERMANY
SN 0032-7034
J9 PRAX KINDERPSYCHOL K
JI Prax. Kinderpsychol. Kinderpsychiatr.
PY 2007
VL 56
IS 1
BP 59
EP 81
PG 23
WC Psychology, Developmental; Psychiatry
SC Psychology; Psychiatry
GA 137SP
UT WOS:000244312800006
PM 17323818
ER
PT J
AU Di, X
Rao, HY
AF Di Xin
Rao Heng-Yi
TI Progress in functional connectivity analysis
SO PROGRESS IN BIOCHEMISTRY AND BIOPHYSICS
LA Chinese
DT Article
DE functional neuroimaging; functional connectivity; effective
connectivity; psychophysiological interaction; structural equation
modeling; dynamic casual modeling
ID RESTING-STATE; NEURONAL INTERACTIONS; DEFAULT MODE; HUMAN BRAIN;
BOTTOM-UP; FMRI DATA; COORDINATION; RESPONSES; TASK; FLUCTUATIONS
AB Conventional neuroimaging methods primarily focus on functional localization, through which specific cognitive functions are localized to specific brain regions. However, fully understanding the human brain function requires characterization of functional integration within and among the functionally specialized regions in addition to functional localization. Functional connectivity and effective connectivity analyses have been developed to investigate functional integration in human brain. Several approaches for modeling functional connectivity and effective connectivity, including the time-series correlation, psychophysiological interaction (PPI), structural equation modeling (SEM), dynamic casual modeling (DCM), and diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) are reviewed. The applications of functional connectivity analysis to the studies of object representation, motor coordinate, language, and autism are demonstrated. Functional connectivity study will highly enrich our knowledge about the dynamic integration in the human brain.
C1 Sun Yat Sen Univ, Dept Psychol, Guangzhou 510275, Peoples R China.
Sun Yat Sen Univ, Ctr Funct Brain Imaging, Guangzhou 510275, Peoples R China.
RP Rao, HY (reprint author), Sun Yat Sen Univ, Dept Psychol, Guangzhou 510275, Peoples R China.
EM edsrhy@mail.sysu.edu.cn; Hengyi@gmail.com
RI Rao, Hengyi/A-7064-2009; Di, Xin/B-2009-2009
OI Rao, Hengyi/0000-0003-2735-2500; Di, Xin/0000-0002-2422-9016
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NR 49
TC 1
Z9 5
PU CHINESE ACAD SCIENCES, INST BIOPHYSICS
PI BEIJING
PA 15 DATUN RD, CHAOYAND DISTRICT, BEIJING, 100101, PEOPLES R CHINA
SN 1000-3282
J9 PROG BIOCHEM BIOPHYS
JI Prog. Biochem. Biophys.
PD JAN
PY 2007
VL 34
IS 1
BP 5
EP 12
PG 8
WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biophysics
SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biophysics
GA 127ZJ
UT WOS:000243624800001
ER
PT J
AU Adolphs, R
AF Adolphs, Ralph
TI The social brain: Insights from cognitive neuroscience
SO PROGRESS IN NATURAL SCIENCE
LA English
DT Article; Proceedings Paper
CT 1st Conference of Sino-Western Exchanges in Cognitive Neuroscience
CY OCT 25-28, 2006
CL Beijing, PEOPLES R CHINA
SP Minist Sci Technol, Minist Educ, Natl Nat Sci Fdn China, Beijing Naormal Univ, Siemens Ltd
DE social neuroscience; cognitive neuroscience; amygdala; autism
ID HUMAN AMYGDALA; FACIAL EXPRESSIONS; DAMAGE; FACES; RECOGNITION;
INFORMATION; RESPONSES
AB Cognitive neuroscience has provided powerful tools that now permit the investigation of human social cognition and behavior with unprecedented accuracy. This review summarizes some of the features of the human brain that differentiate it from the brains of other animals, some of the methods used in cognitive neuroscience, and concludes with an example of research from the author's own lab that implicates the amygdala in emotion recognition, social judgment, and autism.
C1 CALTECH, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA.
RP Adolphs, R (reprint author), CALTECH, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA.
EM radolphs@hss.caltech.edu
CR ADOLPHS R, 1994, NATURE, V372, P669, DOI 10.1038/372669a0
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NR 20
TC 0
Z9 0
PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD
PI ABINGDON
PA 4 PARK SQUARE, MILTON PARK, ABINGDON OX14 4RN, OXON, ENGLAND
SN 1002-0071
J9 PROG NAT SCI
JI Prog. Nat. Sci.
PY 2007
VL 17
SI SI
BP 99
EP 105
PG 7
WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Multidisciplinary Sciences
SC Materials Science; Science & Technology - Other Topics
GA 225IJ
UT WOS:000250510000016
ER
PT J
AU Passerino, LM
Santarosa, LCM
AF Passerino, Liliana Maria
Santarosa, Lucila Costi M.
TI Social interaction in austim in learning virtual environment
SO PSICOLOGIA-REFLEXAO E CRITICA
LA Portuguese
DT Article
DE autism; social interaction; virtual learning environment
AB The goal of this, paper is to discuss the development of social interactions ill virtual environments, specially considering the autism. The literature review is based oil Sociohistorical Theory and main theoretical works about this condition, We start from a wide discussion about social interaction, its development and relation to autism characteristics, considering that the concept of intentional communication is fundamental to the analysis of social interaction of autistic subjects in virtual environments. Furthermore, , We present and discuss the data obtained from a case of study carried out with four subjects that suffer from different levels of autism. The study was developed as a two years of research applying several virtual environments. We also discuss the main results of this research.
C1 [Passerino, Liliana Maria; Santarosa, Lucila Costi M.] Univ Fed Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil.
RP Passerino, LM (reprint author), Av Paulo Gama,110 Predio 12105-3 Andar Sala 334, BR-90040060 Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil.
EM liliana@pgie.ufrgs.br; lucila.santarosa@ufrgs.br
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NR 29
TC 3
Z9 4
PU UNIV FEDERAL RIO GRANDE SUL
PI PORTO ALEGRE RS
PA INST PSICOLOGIA, PPG EM PSICOLOGIA DA UFRGS, RUA RAMIRO BARCELOS 2600,
PORTO ALEGRE RS, 90035-003, BRAZIL
SN 0102-7972
J9 PSICOL-REFLEX CRIT
JI Psicol.-Reflex. Crit.
PD JAN-APR
PY 2007
VL 20
IS 1
BP 54
EP 64
DI 10.1590/S0102-79722007000100008
PG 11
WC Psychology, Multidisciplinary
SC Psychology
GA 338RG
UT WOS:000258525300008
ER
PT J
AU Schmidt, C
Dell'Aglio, DD
Bosa, CA
AF Schmidt, Carlo
Dell'Aglio, Debora Dalbosco
Bosa, Cleonice Alves
TI Coping strategies of mothers of autistic children: Dealing with
behavioral problems and emotions
SO PSICOLOGIA-REFLEXAO E CRITICA
LA Spanish
DT Article
DE autism; maternal stress; coping strategies
ID PERVASIVE DEVELOPMENTAL DISORDERS; HANDICAPPED-CHILDREN; FAMILY STRESS;
PARENTS; SATISFACTION; CHILDHOOD; IMPACT; CARE
AB Many studies have shown evidence of high levels of stress in families with autistic children. Concerning this process, it is important to consider the coping strategies of mothers when dealing with their autistic children, as well as how they deal with their own emotions unleashed by the stress. Thirty mothers, between 30 and 56 years old participated in the study. Their children have met the criteria for autism and attended special education schools. The coping strategies were investigated using a semi-structured interview, which was transcribed and analysed by content analysis. The main difficulties refer to the child's behavior. In relation to these difficulties, the strategy used by the mothers was predominantly direct action and acceptance. Concerning the strategies to deal with their own emotions, the most frequent categories were distraction, reaching out for social/religious support, lack of action and avoidance. Results are discussed in terms of stress and maternal adaptation model.
C1 [Dell'Aglio, Debora Dalbosco] Univ Fed Rio Grande do Sul, Inst Psicol, BR-90035003 Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil.
RP Dell'Aglio, DD (reprint author), Univ Fed Rio Grande do Sul, Inst Psicol, Ramiro Barcelos 2600, BR-90035003 Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil.
EM dalbosco@cpovo.net
RI Dell'Aglio, Debora/E-9310-2013
OI Dell'Aglio, Debora/0000-0003-0149-6450
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NR 52
TC 2
Z9 11
PU UNIV FEDERAL RIO GRANDE SUL
PI PORTO ALEGRE RS
PA INST PSICOLOGIA, PPG EM PSICOLOGIA DA UFRGS, RUA RAMIRO BARCELOS 2600,
PORTO ALEGRE RS, 90035-003, BRAZIL
SN 0102-7972
J9 PSICOL-REFLEX CRIT
JI Psicol.-Reflex. Crit.
PD JAN-APR
PY 2007
VL 20
IS 1
BP 124
EP 131
DI 10.1590/S0102-79722007000100016
PG 8
WC Psychology, Multidisciplinary
SC Psychology
GA 338RG
UT WOS:000258525300016
ER
PT J
AU Lebedeva, EI
AF Lebedeva, E. I.
TI Understanding of intentions in situation of deception by children with
typical development and autistic children
SO PSIKHOLOGICHESKII ZHURNAL
LA Russian
DT Article
DE "model of psychic"; understanding of intentions; understanding of lie
and "harmless lie"; children with typical development and with autistic
disorders of different spectrum
ID YOUNG-CHILDREN; ADULTS; MIND
AB The results of comparative study of understanding of intentions in the situation of deception by normal children and by autistic ones as the phenomenon of cognitive representations about other people inner world are presented. 92 children with typical development (age from 3 to 6) and 44 children with autistic disorders of different spectrum (age from 5 to 11) took part in this study. Age dynamics of intentions' understanding in the situation of deception is determined by the degree of development of "model of psychic". At the age of four children begin to discern the lie and understand the intentions of the other person in the situation of the simple deception. From five years they understand "harmless lie" in situation when intentions to deceive are implicit. Lack of understanding of lie by children with autism is accounted for the deficiency of "model of psychic" development. The decrease in the level of mentality in preschool ages has an influence on formation of other people inner world understanding.
C1 RAS, Psychol Inst, Moscow, Russia.
RP Lebedeva, EI (reprint author), RAS, Psychol Inst, Moscow, Russia.
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BARONCOHEN S, 1992, J CHILD PSYCHOL PSYC, V33, P1114
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NR 16
TC 1
Z9 1
PU MEZHDUNARODNAYA KNIGA
PI MOSCOW
PA 39 DIMITROVA UL., 113095 MOSCOW, RUSSIA
SN 0205-9592
J9 PSIKHOL ZH
JI Psikhologicheskii Zhurnal
PD JAN-FEB
PY 2007
VL 28
IS 1
BP 83
EP 89
PG 7
WC Psychology, Multidisciplinary
SC Psychology
GA 139NV
UT WOS:000244439800009
ER
PT J
AU Cornic, F
Consoli, A
Cohen, D
AF Cornic, Francoise
Consoli, Angele
Cohen, David
TI Catatonia in children and adolescents
SO PSYCHIATRIC ANNALS
LA English
DT Article
ID NEUROLEPTIC MALIGNANT SYNDROME; ELECTROCONVULSIVE-THERAPY; LETHAL
CATATONIA; RATING-SCALE; SPECTRUM DISORDERS; COTARDS-SYNDROME; STUPOR;
CHILDHOOD; LORAZEPAM; AUTISM
C1 Univ Paris 06, Grp Hosp Pitie Salpetriere, Dept Child & Adolescent Psychiat, F-75013 Paris, France.
Hop St Anne, Dept Adult Psychiat, F-75674 Paris, France.
GH Pitie Salpetriere, CNRS Cognit & Comportement, Paris, France.
RP Cohen, D (reprint author), Univ Paris 06, Grp Hosp Pitie Salpetriere, Dept Child & Adolescent Psychiat, 47-83 Bd Hop, F-75013 Paris, France.
EM david.cohen@psl.aphp.fr
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NR 69
TC 8
Z9 8
PU SLACK INC
PI THOROFARE
PA 6900 GROVE RD, THOROFARE, NJ 08086 USA
SN 0048-5713
J9 PSYCHIAT ANN
JI Psychiatr. Ann.
PD JAN
PY 2007
VL 37
IS 1
BP 19
EP 26
PG 8
WC Psychiatry
SC Psychiatry
GA 130OZ
UT WOS:000243810200008
ER
PT J
AU Golse, B
Eliez, S
AF Golse, Bernard
Eliez, Stephan
TI Regarding autism and pervasive developmental disorders. From the
"autisticizing process" to scanner autism ...
SO PSYCHIATRIE DE L ENFANT
LA French
DT Article; Proceedings Paper
CT Symposium on Infant and Adolescent Psychiatry
CY NOV 27, 2004
CL Geneva, SWITZERLAND
ID CHILDREN; LIFE; INDIVIDUALS; CEREBELLUM; PATTERNS; MRI
AB The first part of the text is devoted to the early detection of infantile autism when it is viewed using Hochman's concept of the "autisticizing process" and the notion of the initial plasticity of the troubles. Then, the article centers itself on the perspective of autism as a major failure of the processes of access to intersubjectivity, using both the recent data from cerebral neuro-imagery concerning the superior temporal lobe (M Zilbovicius, N. Boddaert...) and the PILE research program (International Program for the Language of the Child) (IPLC), introduced at Necker Hospital, Paris, by B. Golse and V. Desjardins. The final part of this work offers S. Eliez the chance to re-discuss and comment upon the material so as to re-situate the concept of sensorial co-modalization which is at the core of current neurodevelopmental research.
C1 [Golse, Bernard] Hop Necker Enfants Malad, Serv Pedopsychiat, F-75015 Paris, France.
[Golse, Bernard] Univ Paris 05, F-75270 Paris 06, France.
[Eliez, Stephan] Univ Geneva, Fac Med, Serv Medicopedag, CH-1211 Geneva, Switzerland.
RP Golse, B (reprint author), Hop Necker Enfants Malad, Serv Pedopsychiat, 149 Rue Sevres, F-75015 Paris, France.
EM bernard.golse@nck.ap-hop-paris.fr; stephan.eliez@medecine.unige.ch
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NR 39
TC 2
Z9 2
PU PRESSES UNIV FRANCE
PI PARIS CEDEX 14
PA 6 AVENUE REILLE, 75685 PARIS CEDEX 14, FRANCE
SN 0079-726X
J9 PSYCHIAT ENFANT
JI Psychiatr. Enfant
PY 2007
VL 50
IS 1
BP 29
EP 60
PG 32
WC Psychiatry
SC Psychiatry
GA 318XT
UT WOS:000257126800002
ER
PT J
AU Springer, S
Schnobel-Muller, E
Kluger, G
Noterdaeme, M
AF Springer, Stephan
Schnoebel-Mueller, Elisabeth
Kluger, Gerhard
Noterdaeme, Michele
TI Importance of structured cooperation between child and adolescent
psychiatry and neuropediatrics
SO PSYCHIATRISCHE PRAXIS
LA German
DT Article; Proceedings Paper
CT Regional Research Conference of the Psychiatric and Neurological Special
Clinics of Bavaria `
CY OCT 12-14, 2005
CL Bavaria, GERMANY
SP Educ Inst Assoc Bavarian Sectors
HO Educ Inst Kloster Irsee
DE neuropediatric; child and adolescent psychiatry; comorbidity epilepsy
cognition
AB Neuropediatric-psychiatric comorbidity is a frequent phenomenon typically described in the clinical entity autism and epilepsy. The obvious influence of the level of intelligence on the type of the psychiatric diagnosis is also described. The data of 176 commonly patients attended patients illustrate complex diagnosis spectra other than the above-mentioned combination, e.g. the association not only of epilepsy but of structural brain damage or cerebral palsy with conduct disorders. The therapeutic consequences with respect to drug and patient management are discussed. The intelligence level is of considerable importance for the planning of interventions because of its association with impulse control disorders. The results show that attention disorders and conduct disorders play a major role in neuropediatric patients. An early and common patient management within a structured cooperation should be the consequence of these results.
C1 Heckscher Klin, D-81539 Munich, Germany.
Bezirksklinikum Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany.
RP Springer, S (reprint author), Heckscher Klin, Deisenhofener Str 28, D-81539 Munich, Germany.
EM stephan.springer@heckscher-klinik.de
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
PU GEORG THIEME VERLAG KG
PI STUTTGART
PA RUDIGERSTR 14, D-70469 STUTTGART, GERMANY
SN 0303-4259
J9 PSYCHIAT PRAX
JI Psychiatr. Prax.
PD JAN
PY 2007
VL 34
SU 1
BP S64
EP S65
DI 10.1055/s-2006-940190
PG 2
WC Psychiatry
SC Psychiatry
GA 151HE
UT WOS:000245280300028
ER
PT J
AU Wiberg, A
Heidenreich, E
Springer, S
Noterdaeme, M
AF Wiberg, Anja
Heidenreich, Evelyn
Springer, Stephan
Noterdaeme, Michele
TI Analysis of stress and needs in children with pervasive developmental
disorders
SO PSYCHIATRISCHE PRAXIS
LA German
DT Article; Proceedings Paper
CT Regional Research Conference of the Psychiatric and Neurological Special
Clinics of Bavaria `
CY OCT 12-14, 2005
CL Bavaria, GERMANY
SP Educ Inst Assoc Bavarian Sectors
HO Educ Inst Kloster Irsee
DE autism; parental stress; needs
ID YOUNG-CHILDREN; MOTHERS; AUTISM
AB Objective The assessment of stress factors and needs of families living with a child with a pervasive developmental disorder.
Methods 260 families were recruited to participate the study. All families had been seen at our special clinic for developmental disorders. We used standardized questionnaires to measure stress and needs in families (Parental Stress Index, Needs of parents, Child behavior Checklist).
Results Stress was high in most families. Parents feel high demands with respect to their child and feel incompetent. Most families report they need better professional advice in the care of their child.
Conclusions More extensive services should be provided for families with children having a pervasive developmental disorder.
C1 Heckscher Klin Kinder & Jugenspsychiat & Psychoth, D-81539 Munich, Germany.
RP Wiberg, A (reprint author), Heckscher Klin Kinder & Jugenspsychiat & Psychoth, Deisenhofenerstr 28, D-81539 Munich, Germany.
EM anja.wiberg@heckscher-klinik.de
CR Abbeduto L, 2004, AM J MENT RETARD, V109, P237, DOI 10.1352/0895-8017(2004)109<237:PWACIM>2.0.CO;2
Abidin R, 1990, PARENTING STRESS IND
BAILEY DB, 1988, J SPEC EDUC, V22, P117
BAILEY DB, 1992, AM J MENT RETARD, V97, P1
Kasari C, 1997, J AUTISM DEV DISORD, V27, P39, DOI 10.1023/A:1025869105208
Weiss MJ, 2002, AUTISM, V6, P115, DOI 10.1177/1362361302006001009
1999, ARBEITSGRUPPE DTSCH
NR 7
TC 2
Z9 2
PU GEORG THIEME VERLAG KG
PI STUTTGART
PA RUDIGERSTR 14, D-70469 STUTTGART, GERMANY
SN 0303-4259
J9 PSYCHIAT PRAX
JI Psychiatr. Prax.
PD JAN
PY 2007
VL 34
SU 1
BP S66
EP S68
DI 10.1055/s-2006-940191
PG 3
WC Psychiatry
SC Psychiatry
GA 151HE
UT WOS:000245280300029
ER
PT J
AU Steege, MW
Mace, FC
Perry, L
Longenecker, H
AF Steege, Mark W.
Mace, F. Charles
Perry, Lora
Longenecker, Harold
TI Applied behavior analysis: Beyond discrete trial teaching
SO PSYCHOLOGY IN THE SCHOOLS
LA English
DT Article
ID CHILDREN
AB We discuss the problem of autism-specific special education programs representing themselves as Applied Behavior Analysis (ABA) programs when the only ABA intervention employed is Discrete Trial Teaching (DTT), and often for limited portions of the school day. Although DTT has many advantages to recommend its use, it is not well suited to teach the full range of cognitive, social, academic, leisure, and functional living skills children with autism and related disorders need to develop and generalize to varied natural environments. DTT also does not address the treatment of behaviors that can interfere with instruction and the acquisition, generalization, and maintenance of skills many children with autism bring to instructional situations. We describe a comprehensive program of ABA services for children with autism and briefly discuss the various interventions and their applications and combinations to achieve broad improvement in many different skill areas. In our view, "true" ABA programs are comprised of multiple assessment and intervention methods used individually and dynamically to achieve the best results. (c) 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
C1 Univ So Maine, Gorham, ME 04038 USA.
RP Steege, MW (reprint author), Univ So Maine, 400 Bailey Hall, Gorham, ME 04038 USA.
EM msteege@usm.maine.edu
CR Anderson S. R., 1996, BEHAV INTERVENTION Y, P181
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*NAT RES COUNC, 2001, DIV BEH SOC SCI ED
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WILCZYNSKI SM, 2003, PROVEN PRACTICE PREV, V5, P23
NR 26
TC 17
Z9 17
PU JOHN WILEY & SONS INC
PI HOBOKEN
PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN, NJ 07030 USA
SN 0033-3085
J9 PSYCHOL SCHOOLS
JI Psychol. Schools
PD JAN
PY 2007
VL 44
IS 1
BP 91
EP 99
DI 10.1002/pits.20208
PG 9
WC Psychology, Educational
SC Psychology
GA 121TS
UT WOS:000243180500009
ER
PT J
AU Mouridsen, SE
Rich, B
Isager, T
Nedergaard, NJ
AF Mouridsen, Svend Erik
Rich, Bente
Isager, Torben
Nedergaard, Niels Jorgen
TI Psychiatric disorders in the parents of individuals with infantile
autism: A case-control study
SO PSYCHOPATHOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE infantile autism; psychiatric disorders, relatives
ID PERSONALITY-CHARACTERISTICS; CASE REGISTER; FAMILIES; CHILDREN;
PHENOTYPE; RELATIVES; LIABILITY; DENMARK; MOTHERS; TRAITS
AB Background: The rates and types of psychiatric disorders were studied in the parents of individuals with infantile autism ( IA). Sampling and Methods: To estimate the prevalence and types of psychiatric disorders, the parents of 115 individuals with IA and the parents of 330 controls from the general population were screened through the nationwide Danish Psychiatric Central Register covering a period of 33 years. The IA individuals had been seen as in- patients at two university clinics of child psychiatry during a 25- year period and had been referred from the entire country of Denmark. Results: Psychiatric disorders were found in 15.7% of mothers with autistic children, which was significantly higher than the 8.2% found in the control group. The only diagnostic category in which a statistically significant overrepresentation could be found was that of personality disorder. A personality disorder diagnosis was found in 7.8% of mothers with autistic children in comparison to 2.1% of mothers in the control group. Conclusion: The findings so far suggest that in future studies it is important to pay attention to issues such as relatives examined, control groups and methods of data collection. Copyright (c) 2007 S. Karger AG, Basel.
C1 Bispebjerg Hosp, Dept Child & Adolescent Psychiat, DK-2400 Copenhagen, Denmark.
Glostrup Cty Hosp, Ctr Child & Adolescent Psychiat, Glostrup, Denmark.
Aarhus Univ Hosp, Psychiat Hosp Children & Adolescents, Risskov, Denmark.
RP Mouridsen, SE (reprint author), Bispebjerg Hosp, Dept Child & Adolescent Psychiat, DK-2400 Copenhagen, Denmark.
EM sem01@bbh.hosp.dk
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*WHO, 1967, INT CLASS DIS MAN IN
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World Health Organization (WHO), 1978, INT CLASS DIS MENT D
Yirmiya N, 2005, J CHILD PSYCHOL PSYC, V46, P69, DOI 10.1111/j.1469-7610.2004.00334.x
1998, STAT WINDOWS
NR 33
TC 8
Z9 8
PU KARGER
PI BASEL
PA ALLSCHWILERSTRASSE 10, CH-4009 BASEL, SWITZERLAND
SN 0254-4962
J9 PSYCHOPATHOLOGY
JI Psychopathology
PY 2007
VL 40
IS 3
BP 166
EP 171
DI 10.1159/000100006
PG 6
WC Psychiatry
SC Psychiatry
GA 151DS
UT WOS:000245269800005
PM 17318009
ER
PT J
AU Holtmann, M
Bolte, S
Poustka, F
AF Holtmann, Martin
Boelte, Sven
Poustka, Fritz
TI Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder symptoms in pervasive
developmental disorders: Association with autistic behavior domains and
coexisting psychopathology
SO PSYCHOPATHOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE pervasive developmental disorders; attention deficit hyperactivity
disorder; comorbidity; phenotypic overlap; diuagnostic criteria
ID DEFICIT/HYPERACTIVITY DISORDER; CHILDREN; SPECTRUM; LINKAGE
AB Background: Symptoms as in attention deficit hyperactivity disorder ( ADHD) are frequent among individuals with pervasive developmental disorders ( PDD). The aim of the present study was to examine the impact of inattention, hyperactivity and impulsivity on the clinical phenotype of children and adolescents with PDD. Sampling and Methods: A total of 182 subjects ( 41 females) diagnosed as having PDD were split into a high ( PDD +) and a lower ( PDD) attention problem group using the median of the Child Behavior Checklist ( CBCL) syndrome scale 'attention problems' ( median T score = 75). The groups were compared with regard to the degree of coexisting psychopathology, as measured by the remaining 7 CBCL subscales, and autistic core features assessed by the Autism Diagnostic Interview- Revised ( ADI- R) and the Autism Diagnostic Observation Schedule using a multivariate analysis of covariance adjusted for age, IQ and socioeconomic status. Results: The PDD+ subjects exhibited a significantly higher degree of general psychopathology than the subjects in the PDD subgroup, regarding both internalizing and externalizing symptoms. In addition, the PDD+ subgroup tended to exhibit more impairments on the social interaction scale of the ADI- R. Conclusions: Clinicians should adjust treatment plans to ensure comprehensive and effective treatment for both PDD and associated ADHD. A dual diagnosis may be essential to the implementation of effective treatments. Copyright (c) 2007 S. Karger AG, Basel.
C1 Univ Frankfurt, Dept Child & Adolescent Psychiat & Psychotherapy, DE-60528 Frankfurt, Germany.
RP Holtmann, M (reprint author), Univ Frankfurt, Dept Child & Adolescent Psychiat & Psychotherapy, Deutschordenstr 50, DE-60528 Frankfurt, Germany.
EM holtmann@em.uni-frankfurt.de
CR Achenbach TM, 1991, MANUAL CHILD BEHAV C
American Psychiatric Association, 2000, DIAGN STAT MAN MENT, V4th
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NR 23
TC 63
Z9 65
PU KARGER
PI BASEL
PA ALLSCHWILERSTRASSE 10, CH-4009 BASEL, SWITZERLAND
SN 0254-4962
J9 PSYCHOPATHOLOGY
JI Psychopathology
PY 2007
VL 40
IS 3
BP 172
EP 177
DI 10.1159/000100007
PG 6
WC Psychiatry
SC Psychiatry
GA 151DS
UT WOS:000245269800006
PM 17318010
ER
PT J
AU Sinzig, J
Lehmkuhl, G
AF Sinzig, J.
Lehmkuhl, G.
TI What do we know about the serotonergic genetic heterogeneity in
attention-deficit/hyperactivity and autistic disorders?
SO PSYCHOPATHOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder; autism; pharmacogenetics;
serotonin
ID DEFICIT-HYPERACTIVITY DISORDER; PERVASIVE DEVELOPMENTAL DISORDERS;
WHOLE-BLOOD SEROTONIN; TRANSPORTER GENE; PROMOTER VARIANTS; REGION
POLYMORPHISM; REGULATORY REGION; ASPERGER-SYNDROME; ANOREXIA-NERVOSA;
GENOMEWIDE SCAN
AB Background: Shared candidate gene regions point to a link between autistic disorders and attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). Although they represent nosologically different diagnoses, the disorders do show some shared symptoms, above all inattention. For both disorders, the association with the serotonergic system is a focus of current research. Sampling and Methods: The current work provides an overview of serotonergic mechanisms in ADHD and autistic disorders as well as the resulting pharmacogenetic approaches. Results: No uniform picture emerges either for ADHD or for autistic disorders. In pharmacogenetic terms, there are some isolated studies on associations between serotonergic mechanisms and pharmacotherapy. For the area of autism, such studies are still lacking. Conclusions: The presented serotonergic mechanisms show relationships of this polymorphism to ADHD and autistic disorders, but they do not result in a uniform picture. The overlaps can best be explained by a dimensional classification approach. As yet, only a small number of studies on attentional disorders in autism and ADHD using shared samples have been carried out. With regard to diagnostics and therapy, analyses on the etiology of the attentional disorder of ADHD and autism are required.
C1 Univ Cologne, Ctr Clin, Clin Psychiat & Psychotherapy Childhood & Adolesc, DE-50931 Cologne, Germany.
RP Sinzig, J (reprint author), Univ Cologne, Ctr Clin, Clin Psychiat & Psychotherapy Childhood & Adolesc, Robert Koch Str 10, DE-50931 Cologne, Germany.
EM ju.k.sinzig@web.de
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NR 86
TC 8
Z9 8
PU KARGER
PI BASEL
PA ALLSCHWILERSTRASSE 10, CH-4009 BASEL, SWITZERLAND
SN 0254-4962
J9 PSYCHOPATHOLOGY
JI Psychopathology
PY 2007
VL 40
IS 5
BP 329
EP 337
DI 10.1159/000105531
PG 9
WC Psychiatry
SC Psychiatry
GA 200LO
UT WOS:000248765100009
PM 17630501
ER
PT J
AU Schaaf, RC
Benevides, T
AF Schaaf, Roseann C.
Benevides, Teal
TI Sensory processing, physiological reactivity and adaptive behavior in
children with autism and sensory modulation dysfunction
SO PSYCHOPHYSIOLOGY
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
CT 47th Annual Meeting of the Society-for-Psychophysiological-Research
CY OCT 16-21, 2007
CL Savannah, GA
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
PU BLACKWELL PUBLISHING
PI OXFORD
PA 9600 GARSINGTON RD, OXFORD OX4 2DQ, OXON, ENGLAND
SN 0048-5772
J9 PSYCHOPHYSIOLOGY
JI Psychophysiology
PY 2007
VL 44
SU 1
BP S85
EP S85
PG 1
WC Psychology, Biological; Neurosciences; Physiology; Psychology;
Psychology, Experimental
SC Psychology; Neurosciences & Neurology; Physiology
GA 203VK
UT WOS:000249001900388
ER
PT J
AU Delano, ME
AF Delano, Monica E.
TI Video modeling interventions for individuals with autism
SO REMEDIAL AND SPECIAL EDUCATION
LA English
DT Article
ID TEACH PERSPECTIVE-TAKING; CLASSROOM-BEHAVIOR; PURCHASING SKILLS;
CHILDREN; SELF; PLAY; SETTINGS; MIND
AB Video modeling interventions involve a child watching videotapes of positive examples of adults, peers, or him- or herself engaging in a behavior that is being taught. The purpose of this review was to examine empirical studies in which video modeling interventions were applied to individuals with autism, Nineteen studies published between 1985 and 2005 met the inclusion criteria for this review. The findings suggest that video modeling interventions are effective in teaching a variety of skills to children with autism. Descriptive summaries are provided for each study. Directions for future research and implications for practitioners are provided.
C1 Florida State Univ, Tallahassee, FL 32306 USA.
RP Delano, ME (reprint author), Florida State Univ, 205 Stone Bldg, Tallahassee, FL 32306 USA.
EM delano@coe.fsu.edu
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NR 36
TC 74
Z9 74
PU PRO-ED INC
PI AUSTIN
PA 8700 SHOAL CREEK BLVD, AUSTIN, TX 78757-6897 USA
SN 0741-9325
J9 REM SPEC EDUC
JI Remedial Spec. Educ.
PD JAN-FEB
PY 2007
VL 28
IS 1
BP 33
EP 42
DI 10.1177/07419325070280010401
PG 10
WC Education, Special
SC Education & Educational Research
GA 131JF
UT WOS:000243864400004
ER
PT J
AU Goldsmith, TR
LeBlanc, LA
Sautter, RA
AF Goldsmith, Tina R.
LeBlanc, Linda A.
Sautter, Rachael A.
TI Teaching intraverbal behavior to children with autism
SO RESEARCH IN AUTISM SPECTRUM DISORDERS
LA English
DT Article
DE Language intervention; Categories; Intraverbal; Skinner; Questions
AB Skinner's conceptual analysis of language has influenced one model of early and intensive behavioral intervention with children, which incorporates verbal operants including mands, facts, intraverbals, etc. Many Studies have examined the mand and tact relations, with little focus on teaching intraverbal behavior. In the present experiment, children with autism were taught intraverbals using a transfer-of-stimulus-control procedure (i.e., tact to intraverbal) in combination with errorless learning (i.e., delayed prompting). Three children were successfully taught to name items associated with preselected categories (e.g., "What are some colors?") with limited generalization to a Fourth, non-targeted category, and limited maintenance of skills, (C) 2006 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
C1 [Goldsmith, Tina R.; LeBlanc, Linda A.; Sautter, Rachael A.] Western Michigan Univ, Dept Psychol, Kalamazoo, MI 49008 USA.
RP LeBlanc, LA (reprint author), Western Michigan Univ, Dept Psychol, Kalamazoo, MI 49008 USA.
EM linda.leblanc@wmich.edu
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NR 31
TC 13
Z9 13
PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND
SN 1750-9467
J9 RES AUTISM SPECT DIS
JI Res. Autism Spectr. Disord.
PD JAN-MAR
PY 2007
VL 1
IS 1
BP 1
EP 13
DI 10.1016/j.rasd.2006.07.001
PG 13
WC Education, Special; Psychology, Developmental; Psychiatry;
Rehabilitation
SC Education & Educational Research; Psychology; Psychiatry; Rehabilitation
GA V89GO
UT WOS:000206033400001
ER
PT J
AU Herrington, JD
Baron-Cohen, S
Wheelwright, SJ
Singh, KD
Bullmore, ET
Brammer, M
Williams, SCR
AF Herrington, John D.
Baron-Cohen, Simon
Wheelwright, Sally J.
Singh, Krishna D.
Bullmore, Edward T.
Brammer, Michael
Williams, Steve C. R.
TI The role of MT+/V5 during biological motion perception in Asperger
Syndrome: An fMRI study
SO RESEARCH IN AUTISM SPECTRUM DISORDERS
LA English
DT Article
DE Asperger Syndrome; Autism; fMRI Motion perception; MT+/V5; Temporal lobe
AB Asperger Syndrome (AS), a condition on the autistic spectrum, is characterized by deficits in the ability to use social cues to infer mental state information. Few studies have examined whether these deficits might be understood in terms of differences in visual information processing. The present study employed functional magnetic resonance imaging to examine differences in brain activity among individuals with AS while performing a task that typically leads to the automatic interpretation of human movement. Despite similar behavioural performance, significantly less activity was found for the AS group (relative to a control group) in inferior, middle and superior temporal regions, including the human analogue of MT+/V5. These data suggest that AS is associated with unique patterns of brain activity during the perception of visually presented social cues. (C) 2006 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
C1 [Herrington, John D.; Baron-Cohen, Simon; Wheelwright, Sally J.] Univ Cambridge, Dept Psychol, Autism Res Ctr, Cambridge CB2 1TN, England.
[Herrington, John D.; Baron-Cohen, Simon; Wheelwright, Sally J.] Univ Cambridge, Dept Psychiat, Autism Res Ctr, Cambridge CB2 1TN, England.
[Singh, Krishna D.] Cardiff Univ, CUBRIC, Cardiff, S Glam, Wales.
[Singh, Krishna D.] Cardiff Univ, Sch Psychol, Cardiff, S Glam, Wales.
[Brammer, Michael; Williams, Steve C. R.] Kings Coll London, Inst Psychiat, London WC2R 2LS, England.
RP Herrington, JD (reprint author), Univ Illinois, Dept Psychol, 603 E Daniel, Champaign, IL 61820 USA.
EM jdherrin@uiuc.edu
RI Singh, Krish/D-1066-2009; Williams, Steve/D-6979-2011; Brammer,
Michael/B-7128-2012; Bullmore, Edward/C-1706-2012
OI Brammer, Michael/0000-0001-9800-2052; Bullmore,
Edward/0000-0002-8955-8283
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NR 57
TC 49
Z9 49
PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND
SN 1750-9467
EI 1878-0237
J9 RES AUTISM SPECT DIS
JI Res. Autism Spectr. Disord.
PD JAN-MAR
PY 2007
VL 1
IS 1
BP 14
EP 27
DI 10.1016/j.rasd.2006.07.002
PG 14
WC Education, Special; Psychology, Developmental; Psychiatry;
Rehabilitation
SC Education & Educational Research; Psychology; Psychiatry; Rehabilitation
GA V89GO
UT WOS:000206033400002
ER
PT J
AU Matson, JL
Wilkins, J
AF Matson, Johnny L.
Wilkins, Jonathan
TI A critical review of assessment targets and methods for social skills
excesses and deficits for children with autism spectrum disorders
SO RESEARCH IN AUTISM SPECTRUM DISORDERS
LA English
DT Article
DE Social skills; Autism spectrum disorders; Assessment
AB A substantial research literature is beginning to develop regarding social skills excesses and deficits for children with autism spectrum disorders. These developments are likely to continue given the increasing recognition that these behaviors are among the most critical core symptoms of these disorders. A review is provided of developments in the field with respect to the social excesses and deficits that are most critical for this population of children. A discussion of direct observation and scaling methods used to do these evaluations along with a discussion of strengths and weaknesses of these methods is provided. A discussion of the current status and potential future developments of the area is also covered. (C) 2006 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
C1 [Matson, Johnny L.; Wilkins, Jonathan] Louisiana State Univ, Dept Psychol, Baton Rouge, LA 70803 USA.
RP Matson, JL (reprint author), Louisiana State Univ, Dept Psychol, Baton Rouge, LA 70803 USA.
EM Johnmatson@aol.com
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NR 42
TC 78
Z9 78
PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND
SN 1750-9467
EI 1878-0237
J9 RES AUTISM SPECT DIS
JI Res. Autism Spectr. Disord.
PD JAN-MAR
PY 2007
VL 1
IS 1
BP 28
EP 37
DI 10.1016/j.rasd.2006.07.003
PG 10
WC Education, Special; Psychology, Developmental; Psychiatry;
Rehabilitation
SC Education & Educational Research; Psychology; Psychiatry; Rehabilitation
GA V89GO
UT WOS:000206033400003
ER
PT J
AU Matson, JL
Nebel-Schwalm, M
Matson, ML
AF Matson, Johnny L.
Nebel-Schwalm, Marie
Matson, Michael L.
TI A review of methodological issues in the differential diagnosis of
autism spectrum disorders in children
SO RESEARCH IN AUTISM SPECTRUM DISORDERS
LA English
DT Article
DE Methodology; Differential diagnosis; Autism
ID PERVASIVE DEVELOPMENTAL DISORDERS; RECEPTIVE LANGUAGE DISORDER; PDD
BEHAVIOR INVENTORY; RATING-SCALE; CHILDHOOD AUTISM; OBSERVATION
SCHEDULE; EARLY INTERVENTION; INFANTILE-AUTISM; YOUNG-CHILDREN; ADI-R
AB The development of standardized tests to assess autism, particularly in young children, is a topic of considerable interest in the research Community. Recent years have seen an exponential growth in scales for differential diagnosis. Particular emphasis has been placed on defining and better delineating the symptoms of the disorder relative to other forms of autism spectrum disorder (ASD) and intellectual disability (ID), and identifying the condition at the earliest possible age. The general consensus is that scaling methods are the core means of establishing a diagnosis. Thus, analyzing the research activity in the area for strengths and weaknesses in methodology would appear to be in order. A critical overview of existing psychometric properties of these tests is presented with suggestions for future research on the topic. (C) 2006 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
C1 [Matson, Johnny L.; Nebel-Schwalm, Marie; Matson, Michael L.] Louisiana State Univ, Dept Psychol, Baton Rouge, LA 70803 USA.
RP Matson, JL (reprint author), Louisiana State Univ, Dept Psychol, Baton Rouge, LA 70803 USA.
EM Johnmatson@aol.com
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ZERO TO THREE: National Center for Infants Toddlers and Families, 1994, DIAGN CLASS MENT HLT
NR 73
TC 83
Z9 85
PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND
SN 1750-9467
EI 1878-0237
J9 RES AUTISM SPECT DIS
JI Res. Autism Spectr. Disord.
PD JAN-MAR
PY 2007
VL 1
IS 1
BP 38
EP 54
DI 10.1016/j.rasd.2006.07.004
PG 17
WC Education, Special; Psychology, Developmental; Psychiatry;
Rehabilitation
SC Education & Educational Research; Psychology; Psychiatry; Rehabilitation
GA V89GO
UT WOS:000206033400004
ER
PT J
AU Pituch, KA
Green, VA
Sigafoos, J
Itchon, J
O'Reilly, M
Lancioni, GE
Didden, R
AF Pituch, Keenan A.
Green, Vanessa A.
Sigafoos, Jeff
Itchon, Jonathan
O'Reilly, Mark
Lancioni, Giulio E.
Didden, Robert
TI Factor structure of the Behavior Flexibility Rating Scale (BFRS)
SO RESEARCH IN AUTISM SPECTRUM DISORDERS
LA English
DT Article
DE Autism; Asperger's syndrome; Down syndrome; Behavior flexibility rating
scale; Insistence on sameness; Factor structure
AB The Behavior Flexibility Rating Scale (BFRS) is designed to assess insistence on sameness or lack of behavioral flexibility, which is often associated with autism and other developmental disabilities. This study was designed to assess the factor structure of this scale for a sample of 968 individuals with autism, Asperger's syndrome, and Down syndrome. To establish factorial validity, an exploratory factor analysis (EFA) was conducted with half of the sample, with a confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) conducted with the remaining cases to cross-validate the mode obtained with the EFA. The factor analyses supported the presence of two factors Interruption/Disruption and Position/Location. However, further analysis suggested the presence of a third factor, Interpersonal Mishaps, for the Asperger's syndrome group. (C) 2006 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
C1 [Green, Vanessa A.; Sigafoos, Jeff] Univ Tasmania, Sch Educ, Hobart, Tas 7001, Australia.
[Pituch, Keenan A.; Itchon, Jonathan; O'Reilly, Mark] Univ Texas Austin, Coll Educ, Austin, TX 78712 USA.
[Lancioni, Giulio E.] Univ Bari, Dept Psychol, Bari, Italy.
[Didden, Robert] Radboud Univ Nijmegen, Dept Special Educ, Nijmegen, Netherlands.
RP Sigafoos, J (reprint author), Univ Tasmania, Sch Educ, Private Bag 66, Hobart, Tas 7001, Australia.
EM Jeff.Sigafoos@utas.edu.au
CR Boudrias JS, 2004, EDUC PSYCHOL MEAS, V64, P861, DOI 10.1177/0013164404264840
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Keith T. Z., 2006, MULTIPLE REGRESSION
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PRIOR M, 1973, J AUTISM CHILD SCHIZ, V3, P154, DOI 10.1007/BF01537990
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Rutter M., 1978, AUTISM REAPPRAISAL C
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NR 18
TC 11
Z9 11
PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND
SN 1750-9467
J9 RES AUTISM SPECT DIS
JI Res. Autism Spectr. Disord.
PD JAN-MAR
PY 2007
VL 1
IS 1
BP 55
EP 66
DI 10.1016/j.rasd.2006.07.005
PG 12
WC Education, Special; Psychology, Developmental; Psychiatry;
Rehabilitation
SC Education & Educational Research; Psychology; Psychiatry; Rehabilitation
GA V89GO
UT WOS:000206033400005
ER
PT J
AU Kern, JK
Garver, CR
Grannemann, BD
Trivedi, MH
Carmody, T
Andrews, AA
Mehta, JA
AF Kern, Janet K.
Garver, Carolyn R.
Grannemann, Bruce D.
Trivedi, Madhukar H.
Carmody, Thomas
Andrews, Alonzo A.
Mehta, Jyutika A.
TI Response to vestibular sensory events in autism
SO RESEARCH IN AUTISM SPECTRUM DISORDERS
LA English
DT Article
DE Autism; Sensory processing; Vestibular; Thresholds
AB The purpose of this study was to examine the response to vestibular sensory events in persons with autism. The data for this study was collected is part of a cross-sectional study that examined sensory processing (using the Sensory Profile) in 103 pet-sons with autism, 3 43 years of age, compared to, age- and gender-matched community controls. The Vestibular Processing section of the Sensory Profile was used. The results showed that Vestibular Processing (both high and low threshold processing) on the Sensory Profile was significantly different in persons with autism as compared to community controls, with persons with autism engaging in the behaviors more frequently than the controls. Vestibular processing differences Could explain certain problems in autism. It is important to try 10 understand sensory problems in autism because it can enable us to better understand the needs of persons with autism, and in turn, influence treatment protocols. (C) 2006 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
C1 [Kern, Janet K.; Grannemann, Bruce D.; Trivedi, Madhukar H.; Carmody, Thomas] Univ Texas SW Med Ctr Dallas, Dept Psychiat, Dallas, TX 75390 USA.
[Garver, Carolyn R.] Autism Treatment Ctr, Dallas, TX USA.
[Andrews, Alonzo A.] Autism Treatment Ctr, San Antonio, TX USA.
[Mehta, Jyutika A.] Univ Texas Dallas, Dallas, TX 75230 USA.
RP Kern, JK (reprint author), Univ Texas SW Med Ctr Dallas, Dept Psychiat, 6363 Forest Pk Rd,Suite 13-354, Dallas, TX 75390 USA.
EM janet.kern@UTSouthwestern.edu
CR Bailey A, 1998, BRAIN, V121, P889, DOI 10.1093/brain/121.5.889
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NR 22
TC 9
Z9 9
PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND
SN 1750-9467
J9 RES AUTISM SPECT DIS
JI Res. Autism Spectr. Disord.
PD JAN-MAR
PY 2007
VL 1
IS 1
BP 67
EP 74
DI 10.1016/j.rasd.2006.07.006
PG 8
WC Education, Special; Psychology, Developmental; Psychiatry;
Rehabilitation
SC Education & Educational Research; Psychology; Psychiatry; Rehabilitation
GA V89GO
UT WOS:000206033400006
ER
PT J
AU Matson, JL
Boisjoli, JA
AF Matson, Johnny L.
Boisjoli, Jessica A.
TI Differential diagnosis of PDDNOS in children
SO RESEARCH IN AUTISM SPECTRUM DISORDERS
LA English
DT Article
DE PDDNOS; Children; Differential diagnosis
ID PERVASIVE DEVELOPMENTAL DISORDER; AUTISM SPECTRUM DISORDERS;
DEFICIT-HYPERACTIVITY DISORDER; BEHAVIORAL OBSERVATION;
CLUSTER-ANALYSIS; RATING-SCALE; DSM-IV; SUBTYPES; EPIDEMIOLOGY;
BORDERLANDS
AB PDDNOS is a particularly important form of autism spectrum disorder (ASD) due to the frequency with which it is diagnosed. Having said that, it is often diagnosed by what it is not (not autism) as opposed to what it is. And, while PDDNOS is likely to be more common than autism, studies on PDDNOS are much less frequent. Perhaps with the exception of childhood degenerative disorder, PDDNOS has less diagnostic research on it than any other ASD. The purpose of the present paper was to review the available research on the definition and diagnosis of PDDNOS. The data are analyzed and future goals for conceptual and diagnostic research are discussed with the idea of further enhancing a neglected diagnostic category. (C) 2006 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
C1 [Matson, Johnny L.] Louisiana State Univ, Dept Psychol, Baton Rouge, LA 70803 USA.
RP Matson, JL (reprint author), Louisiana State Univ, Dept Psychol, Baton Rouge, LA 70803 USA.
EM Johnmatson@aol.com
CR Barrett S, 2004, AUTISM, V8, P61, DOI 10.1177/1362361304040640
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Yoshida Y, 2004, EUR CHILD ADOLES PSY, V13, P307, DOI 10.1007/s00787-004-0391-1
NR 45
TC 70
Z9 70
PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND
SN 1750-9467
EI 1878-0237
J9 RES AUTISM SPECT DIS
JI Res. Autism Spectr. Disord.
PD JAN-MAR
PY 2007
VL 1
IS 1
BP 75
EP 84
DI 10.1016/j.rasd.2006.09.001
PG 10
WC Education, Special; Psychology, Developmental; Psychiatry;
Rehabilitation
SC Education & Educational Research; Psychology; Psychiatry; Rehabilitation
GA V89GO
UT WOS:000206033400007
ER
PT J
AU Lewis, FM
Murdoch, BE
Woodyatt, GC
AF Lewis, Fiona M.
Murdoch, Bruce E.
Woodyatt, Gail C.
TI Linguistic abilities in children with autism spectrum disorder
SO RESEARCH IN AUTISM SPECTRUM DISORDERS
LA English
DT Article
DE Autism spectrum disorder; Clinical Evaluation of Language
Fundamentals-Fourth Edition; DSM-IV; Developmental language history
AB Background: Two broad approaches have been used to examine linguistic skills in Asperger syndrome (AS) and high functioning autism (HFA). One approach has aimed at determining the external validity of each diagnosis by investigating whether developmental language history, which differentiates AS from HFA, is relevant in long-term linguistic outcomes. Ail alternative approach, viewing AS and HFA as presentations on an autism spectrum (ASD), has investigated Subgroups within the spectrum based on linguistic performance. Neither approach, however, has provided an in-depth description of the linguistic difficulties experienced in ASD necessary for therapy planning.
Purpose: To provide clinically applicable research findings to extend the clinical understanding of the linguistic difficulties in ASD by: (I) comparing the linguistic skills in ASD with those of normally developing controls (2) comparing the linguistic skills of children with ASD re-classified as AS and HFA using DSM-IV language criterion; (3) documenting the heterogeneity within a group of children with ASD by investigating within-group differences.
Methods and procedures: Twenty children (aged 9; 0-17; 1 years) with a diagnosis of ASD were assessed using the Clinical Evaluation of Language Fundamentals-Fourth Edition (CELF-4) and the Test of Nonverbal Intelligence Second Edition (TONI-2). Performance by ASD participants was compared to typically developing peers. Re-classification of individuals with ASD its AS or HFA was undertaken using DSM-IV language criterion to determine between-group differences on linguistic measures. Hiearchical cluster analysis was undertaken using the ASD performance oil the CELF-4 to examine within-group differences based oil linguistic abilities.
Outcomes and results: There were significant differences between the ASD children and normally developing peers oil a range of linguistic measures. There were no significant differences between the children re-classified as AS and HFA on the comprehensive linguistic assessment. Subgroups within ASD, based oil linguistic performance, could be identified.
Conclusions and implications: Collectively, the children with ASD in the study had a range of compromised linguistic skills relative to their peers. Children re-classified as AS could not be differentiated from children re-classified as HFA on current linguistic performance. An examination Of Subgroups of ASD participants revealed the heterogeneous nature of the linguistic skills associated with ASD, where linguistic proficiency ranged from above average performance to severe difficulties. The results of the study are discussed in terms of the clinical applicability of the findings. (C) 2006 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
C1 [Lewis, Fiona M.] Univ Queensland, Div Speech Pathol, Sch Hlth & Rehabil Sci, Brisbane, Qld 4072, Australia.
RP Lewis, FM (reprint author), Univ Queensland, Div Speech Pathol, Sch Hlth & Rehabil Sci, Brisbane, Qld 4072, Australia.
EM f.lewis@uq.edu.au
RI Lewis, Fiona/F-9076-2010; Murdoch, Bruce/C-1397-2012
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World Health Organisation, 1992, ICD 10 CLASS MENT BE
NR 43
TC 17
Z9 17
PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND
SN 1750-9467
J9 RES AUTISM SPECT DIS
JI Res. Autism Spectr. Disord.
PD JAN-MAR
PY 2007
VL 1
IS 1
BP 85
EP 100
DI 10.1016/j.rasd.2006.08.001
PG 16
WC Education, Special; Psychology, Developmental; Psychiatry;
Rehabilitation
SC Education & Educational Research; Psychology; Psychiatry; Rehabilitation
GA V89GO
UT WOS:000206033400008
ER
PT J
AU Accordino, R
Comer, R
Heller, WB
AF Accordino, Robert
Comer, Ronald
Heller, Wendy B.
TI Searching for music's potential: A critical examination of research on
music therapy with individuals with autism
SO RESEARCH IN AUTISM SPECTRUM DISORDERS
LA English
DT Review
DE Autism; Music therapy; Musical ability
ID CHILDREN; METAANALYSIS; ADOLESCENTS
AB The authors conducted it literature review on music therapy for individuals with autism because of the frequent use of music therapy for those with autism and recent research on the musical abilities of this Population. To accomplish this narrative review, articles were searched from relevant databases, reference lists from articles, and book chapters to provide a thorough critique of past research, which was categorized according to the area of symptomology the therapy intended to treat (social, communicative, behavioral). Music therapists and researchers have carried out mostly case studies and it Surprisingly limited number of empirical investigations. Although these reports provide limited empirical support of the therapy with this population, they have utilized a wide array of creative techniques and varying types of music therapy worthy of discussion. The qualities of necessary future empirical investigations are explored. (C) 2006 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
C1 [Accordino, Robert] Univ Oxford, Dept Expt Psychol, Oxford OX1 2JD, England.
[Accordino, Robert; Comer, Ronald; Heller, Wendy B.] Princeton Univ, Princeton, NJ 08544 USA.
RP Accordino, R (reprint author), Mt Sinai Sch Med, 50 E 98th St,Unit 2E, New York, NY 10029 USA.
EM robert.accordino@psy.ox.ac.uk
CR ALVIN J, 1991, MUSIC THERAPY AUTIST
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NR 47
TC 13
Z9 13
PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND
SN 1750-9467
J9 RES AUTISM SPECT DIS
JI Res. Autism Spectr. Disord.
PD JAN-MAR
PY 2007
VL 1
IS 1
BP 101
EP 115
DI 10.1016/j.rasd.2006.08.002
PG 15
WC Education, Special; Psychology, Developmental; Psychiatry;
Rehabilitation
SC Education & Educational Research; Psychology; Psychiatry; Rehabilitation
GA V89GO
UT WOS:000206033400009
ER
PT J
AU Siklos, S
Kerns, KA
AF Siklos, Susan
Kerns, Kimberly A.
TI Assessing the diagnostic experiences of a small sample of parents of
children with autism spectrum disorders
SO RESEARCH IN DEVELOPMENTAL DISABILITIES
LA English
DT Article
DE pervasive developmental disorders; autism spectrum disorders; autism;
diagnosis; symptomatology
ID SCREENING QUESTIONNAIRE; EARLY RECOGNITION; ASPERGER-SYNDROME; FAMILIES;
1ST; DISTURBANCES; SERVICES; CARE; AGE
AB Although no Canadian studies have been conducted, studies suggest parents of children with autism experience difficulties obtaining a diagnosis for their child. Fifty-six parents of children with autism completed three questionnaires providing information on the families' demographics, parents' experiences throughout the diagnostic process, and their child's autistic symptornatology. These parents experienced significant difficulties obtaining a diagnosis for their child. Parents saw an average of 4.5 professionals, and waited almost 3 years to receive a diagnosis following their first visit to a professional regarding their child's development. The impact of autistic symptomatology on the diagnostic process is discussed. (c) 2005 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
C1 Univ Victoria, Dept Psychol, Victoria, BC V8W 3P5, Canada.
RP Kerns, KA (reprint author), Univ Victoria, Dept Psychol, POB 3050, Victoria, BC V8W 3P5, Canada.
EM kkerns@uvic.ca
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NR 33
TC 53
Z9 54
PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND
SN 0891-4222
J9 RES DEV DISABIL
JI Res. Dev. Disabil.
PD JAN-FEB
PY 2007
VL 28
IS 1
BP 9
EP 22
DI 10.1016/j.ridd.2005.09.003
PG 14
WC Education, Special; Rehabilitation
SC Education & Educational Research; Rehabilitation
GA 134MN
UT WOS:000244087600002
PM 16442261
ER
PT J
AU Crockett, JL
Fleming, RK
Doepke, KJ
Stevens, JS
AF Crockett, Jennifer L.
Fleming, Richard K.
Doepke, Karla J.
Stevens, Jenny S.
TI Parent training: Acquisition and generalization of discrete trials
teaching skills with parents of children with autism
SO RESEARCH IN DEVELOPMENTAL DISABILITIES
LA English
DT Article
DE parent training; discrete trials teaching; autism
ID FUTURE-RESEARCH; YOUNG-CHILDREN; INTERVENTION
AB This study examined the effects of an intensive parent training program on the acquisition and generalization of discrete trial teaching (DTT) procedures with two parents of children with autism. Over the course of the program, parents applied the DTT procedures to teach four different functional skills to their children, which allowed for an assessment of "free" and programmed generalization across stimulus exemplars. Parent training was conducted by the first author utilizing instructions, demonstrations, roleplay, and practice with feedback. Parents' use of DTT skills and children's correct and incorrect responding were measured. A within-subject multiple-baseline across stimulus exemplars (functional skills taught) design was employed both to demonstrate control of the training program over parents' correct use of DTT, and to allow a preliminary investigation of the generalized effects of training to multiple stimulus exemplars. Results demonstrate initial control of the training program over parent responding, and the extent to which each parent extended her use of DTT procedures across untrained and topographically different child skills. The potential for designing more generalizable and thus more cost-effective parent training programs is discussed. (c) 2005 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
C1 Auburn Univ, Auburn, AL 36849 USA.
RP Crockett, JL (reprint author), Auburn Univ, Auburn, AL 36849 USA.
EM crockettj@kennedykrieger.org
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Smith T., 2001, PRESCHOOL ED PROGRAM, P29
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NR 23
TC 29
Z9 30
PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND
SN 0891-4222
J9 RES DEV DISABIL
JI Res. Dev. Disabil.
PD JAN-FEB
PY 2007
VL 28
IS 1
BP 23
EP 36
DI 10.1016/j.ridd.2005.10.003
PG 14
WC Education, Special; Rehabilitation
SC Education & Educational Research; Rehabilitation
GA 134MN
UT WOS:000244087600003
PM 16338118
ER
PT J
AU Sigafoos, J
Ganz, JB
O'Reilly, M
Lancioni, GE
Schlosser, RW
AF Sigafoos, Jeff
Ganz, Jennifer B.
O'Reilly, Mark
Lancioni, Giulio E.
Schlosser, Ralf W.
TI Assessing correspondence following acquisition of an exchange-based
communication system
SO RESEARCH IN DEVELOPMENTAL DISABILITIES
LA English
DT Article
DE exchange-based communication; requesting; acquisition; correspondence
ID YOUNG-CHILDREN; AUTISM; DISABILITIES; INDIVIDUALS; STUDENT; SPEECH; PECS
AB Two students with developmental disabilities were taught to request six snack items. Requesting involved giving a graphic symbol to the trainer in exchange for the matching snack item. Following acquisition, we assessed the correspondence between requests and subsequent item selections by requiring the student to select the previously requested snack item from an array containing all six items. The effects of acquisition training were evaluated in a multiple-probe across subjects design. Acquisition was achieved in from 9 to 29 trials per item. Following acquisition, Jason showed a high level of correspondence between requesting and selecting, but Ryan required additional training to achieve correspondence. These data support the use of exchange-based communication systems, but suggest that some students may require explicit correspondence training. (c) 2006 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
C1 Univ Texas San Antonio, Dept Special Educ, Austin, TX 78712 USA.
Univ Tasmania, Hobart, Tas 7001, Australia.
Univ Texas San Antonio, San Antonio, TX 78285 USA.
Univ Bari, I-70121 Bari, Italy.
RP O'Reilly, M (reprint author), Univ Texas San Antonio, Dept Special Educ, 1 Univ Stn,D5300, Austin, TX 78712 USA.
EM markoreilly@mail.utexas.edu
CR American Association on Mental Retardation, 1992, MENT RET DEF CLASS S
American Psychiatric Association, 1994, DIAGN STAT MAN MENT, V4th
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NR 26
TC 14
Z9 14
PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND
SN 0891-4222
J9 RES DEV DISABIL
JI Res. Dev. Disabil.
PD JAN-FEB
PY 2007
VL 28
IS 1
BP 71
EP 83
DI 10.1016/j.ridd.2005.12.002
PG 13
WC Education, Special; Rehabilitation
SC Education & Educational Research; Rehabilitation
GA 134MN
UT WOS:000244087600008
PM 16546350
ER
PT J
AU Jarbrink, K
McCrone, P
Fornbonne, E
Zanden, H
Knapp, M
AF Jarbrink, Krister
McCrone, Paul
Fornbonne, Eric
Zanden, Hakan
Knapp, Martin
TI Cost-impact of young adults with high-functioning autistic spectrum
disorder
SO RESEARCH IN DEVELOPMENTAL DISABILITIES
LA English
DT Article
DE cost analysis; supported employment; autism; Asperger syndrome
ID ASPERGERS SYNDROME; PROGRAM; MEN
AB There is a general lack of information about the economic impact of autistic spectrum disorder (ASD), particularly regarding adults and those with high-functioning ASD. In this study, the societal economic consequences of ASD were investigated using a sample of young high-functioning adults in need of employment support. A methodology for the collection of cost information was developed and information about how to avoid obstacles in the collection process was obtained. Today, many people with ASD who would be able to function in open employment do not get this opportunity. This study demonstrated that ASD results in high costs and indicates that a lack of supported employment programmes for people with ASD may have negative resource consequences for the economy. The study also contributes towards a methodology of economically evaluating supported employment programs as well as other interventions for people with high-functioning ASD. (c) 2006 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
C1 Inst Psychiat, Hlth Serv Res Dept, Ctr Econ Mental Hlth, London SE5 8AF, England.
McGill Univ, Montreal Childrens Hosp, Dept Psychiat, Montreal, PQ H3A 2T5, Canada.
Natl Autism Soc, RFA, Stockholm, Sweden.
RP Jarbrink, K (reprint author), Inst Psychiat, Hlth Serv Res Dept, Ctr Econ Mental Hlth, De Crespigny Pk, London SE5 8AF, England.
EM k.jarbrink@iop.kcl.ac.uk
RI McCrone, Paul/D-1793-2010
CR Alcock J., 2003, EVALUATION PROSPECTS
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NR 14
TC 21
Z9 21
PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND
SN 0891-4222
J9 RES DEV DISABIL
JI Res. Dev. Disabil.
PD JAN-FEB
PY 2007
VL 28
IS 1
BP 94
EP 104
DI 10.1016/j.ridd.2005.11.002
PG 11
WC Education, Special; Rehabilitation
SC Education & Educational Research; Rehabilitation
GA 134MN
UT WOS:000244087600010
PM 16551499
ER
PT J
AU Bellini, S
Akullian, J
Hopf, A
AF Bellini, Scott
Akullian, Jennifer
Hopf, Andrea
TI Increasing social engagement in young children with autism spectrum
disorders using video self-modeling
SO SCHOOL PSYCHOLOGY REVIEW
LA English
DT Article
ID SINGLE-SUBJECT RESEARCH; INTERVENTION; INITIATIONS; STUDENTS; OUTCOMES;
SKILLS
AB An emerging body of research demonstrates the effectiveness of video self-modeling (VSM) in addressing social, communication, and behavioral functioning of children with autism spectrum disorders. The primary purpose of this study was to examine the benefits of a VSM intervention in increasing the social engagement of young children with autism spectrum disorders. The study expands previous research on VSM by measuring social interactions with same-aged peers in a natural setting rather than with adults in a controlled clinical setting. Intervention and maintenance effects were measured in addition to the social validity of the VSM procedure. The results of the VSM intervention are provided, and implications for practice and future research are discussed.
C1 [Bellini, Scott; Akullian, Jennifer; Hopf, Andrea] Indiana Univ, Indiana Resource Ctr Autism, Indiana Inst Disabil & Community, Bloomington, IN 47408 USA.
RP Bellini, S (reprint author), Indiana Univ, Indiana Resource Ctr Autism, Indiana Inst Disabil & Community, 2853 East 10th St, Bloomington, IN 47408 USA.
EM sbellini@indiana.edu
CR American Psychiatric Association, 2000, DIAGN STAT MAN MENT
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NR 24
TC 35
Z9 35
PU NATL ASSOC SCHOOL PSYCHOLOGISTS
PI BETHESDA
PA 4340 EAST WEST HWY, STE 402, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA
SN 0279-6015
J9 SCHOOL PSYCHOL REV
JI Sch. Psychol. Rev.
PY 2007
VL 36
IS 1
BP 80
EP 90
PG 11
WC Psychology, Educational
SC Psychology
GA 299DU
UT WOS:000255736800005
ER
PT J
AU Adkins, K
Goldman, S
Crowe, C
Malow, B
AF Adkins, K.
Goldman, S.
Crowe, C.
Malow, B.
TI Practical tips for conducting successful actigraphy research in children
with autism spectrum disorders
SO SLEEP
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
CT 21st Annual Meeting of the Association-Professional-Sleep-Societies
CY JUN 09-14, 2007
CL Minneapolis, MN
C1 Vanderbilt Univ, Nashville, TN USA.
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
PU AMER ACADEMY SLEEP MEDICINE
PI WESTCHESTER
PA ONE WESTBROOK CORPORATE CENTER STE 920, WESTCHESTER, IL 60154 USA
SN 0161-8105
J9 SLEEP
JI Sleep
PY 2007
VL 30
SU S
MA 230
BP A79
EP A80
PG 2
WC Clinical Neurology; Neurosciences
SC Neurosciences & Neurology
GA 164HR
UT WOS:000246224900232
ER
PT J
AU Cruz, M
Kaleyias, J
Adams, R
Legido, A
Kothare, S
AF Cruz, M.
Kaleyias, J.
Adams, R.
Legido, A.
Kothare, S.
TI Insomnia as a presenting manifestation of autism in children
SO SLEEP
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
CT 21st Annual Meeting of the Association-Professional-Sleep-Societies
CY JUN 09-14, 2007
CL Minneapolis, MN
C1 St Christophers Hosp Children, Philadelphia, PA 19133 USA.
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
PU AMER ACADEMY SLEEP MEDICINE
PI WESTCHESTER
PA ONE WESTBROOK CORPORATE CENTER STE 920, WESTCHESTER, IL 60154 USA
SN 0161-8105
J9 SLEEP
JI Sleep
PY 2007
VL 30
SU S
MA 675
BP A229
EP A229
PG 1
WC Clinical Neurology; Neurosciences
SC Neurosciences & Neurology
GA 164HR
UT WOS:000246224900676
ER
PT J
AU Meltzer, L
Leas, C
Reamy, A
AF Meltzer, L.
Leas, C.
Reamy, A.
TI Sleep and daytime functioning in children with autism spectrum disorders
and their parents
SO SLEEP
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
CT 21st Annual Meeting of the Association-Professional-Sleep-Societies
CY JUN 09-14, 2007
CL Minneapolis, MN
C1 Childrens Hosp Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA.
St Josephs Univ, Philadelphia, PA 19131 USA.
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
PU AMER ACADEMY SLEEP MEDICINE
PI WESTCHESTER
PA ONE WESTBROOK CORPORATE CENTER STE 920, WESTCHESTER, IL 60154 USA
SN 0161-8105
J9 SLEEP
JI Sleep
PY 2007
VL 30
SU S
MA 285
BP A98
EP A98
PG 1
WC Clinical Neurology; Neurosciences
SC Neurosciences & Neurology
GA 164HR
UT WOS:000246224900287
ER
PT J
AU Artar, M
AF Artar, Muege
TI Adolescent egocentrism and theory of mind: In the context of family
relations
SO SOCIAL BEHAVIOR AND PERSONALITY
LA English
DT Article; Proceedings Paper
CT 9th Conference of the European-Association-for-Research-on-Adolescence
CY MAY, 2004
CL Oporto, PORTUGAL
SP European Assoc Res Adolescence
DE theory of mind; egocentricism; family relations; adolescent
ID NORMAL ADULTS; ASPERGER-SYNDROME; AUTISM; PREADOLESCENCE; CHILDREN;
BELIEFS; EMOTION; EYES
AB While dealing with the issues of theory of mind (ToM) and false belief, the author realized that adolescents have similar false beliefs to those of children, but in a more complex manner. These false beliefs seem to be related to a typical developmental issue called "egocentrism." Participants in this study were 11 adolescents (ages 16-18) and their families from a middle SES high school. ToM stories and new imaginary audience and personal fable categories were examined. Every adolescent was interviewed about his or her family relationships. To observe them all together, the author wanted to analyze adolescents' most sophisticated relations: family relations. The results seemed to indicate that in the context of their family, adolescents have more emotional inference than social inference or intentions - that is, they have more thoughts about their parents' feelings. If they have to describe their parents' relations, they seem to have more ToM (overall inference).
C1 Ankara Univ, Fac Educ Sci, TR-06100 Ankara, Turkey.
RP Artar, M (reprint author), Ankara Univ, Fac Educ Sci, TR-06100 Ankara, Turkey.
EM artar@education.ankara.edu.tr
CR Aalsma MC, 2006, PSYCHOL SCHOOLS, V43, P481, DOI 10.1002/pits.20162
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BaronCohen S, 1997, VIS COGN, V4, P311, DOI 10.1080/713756761
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NR 23
TC 2
Z9 2
PU SOC PERSONALITY RES INC
PI PALMERSTON NORTH
PA P O BOX 1539, PALMERSTON NORTH 5330, NEW ZEALAND
SN 0301-2212
J9 SOC BEHAV PERSONAL
JI Soc. Behav. Pers.
PY 2007
VL 35
IS 9
BP 1211
EP 1220
PG 10
WC Psychology, Social
SC Psychology
GA 257RO
UT WOS:000252816400006
ER
PT J
AU Downs, A
Strand, P
Cerna, S
AF Downs, Andrew
Strand, Paul
Cerna, Sandra
TI Emotion understanding in English- and Spanish-speaking preschoolers
enrolled in head start
SO SOCIAL DEVELOPMENT
LA English
DT Article
DE reliability; validity; emotion understanding; theory of mind
ID INDIVIDUAL-DIFFERENCES; FALSE-BELIEF; CULTURAL-DIFFERENCES; FACIAL
EXPRESSIONS; SOCIAL COGNITION; YOUNG-CHILDREN; AUTISM; UNIVERSALS;
LANGUAGE; BEHAVIOR
AB Research assessing children's emotion understanding has increased over the past several years. Despite the proliferation of research, there have been few studies conducted examining the development of emotion understanding in children from diverse backgrounds. Further, there has been no research conducted examining the psychometric properties of emotion understanding measures when used with children from diverse backgrounds. A total of 597 preschool children from low-income families enrolled in Head Start (248 Spanish-speaking and 349 English-speaking) were given an emotion understanding assessment in their native language at two sessions separated by six months. All children showed significant growth in emotion understanding abilities from time 1 to time 2, with English-speaking children generally outperforming Spanish-speaking children. The psychometric performance of the measure was analyzed for both English and Spanish samples and for English-speaking children at different levels of language ability.
C1 Cent Washington Univ, Dept Psychol, Ellensburg, WA 98926 USA.
Univ Washington, Seattle, WA 98195 USA.
RP Downs, A (reprint author), Cent Washington Univ, Dept Psychol, 400 E Univ Way, Ellensburg, WA 98926 USA.
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NR 48
TC 8
Z9 8
PU BLACKWELL PUBLISHING
PI OXFORD
PA 9600 GARSINGTON RD, OXFORD OX4 2DQ, OXON, ENGLAND
SN 0961-205X
J9 SOC DEV
JI Soc. Dev.
PY 2007
VL 16
IS 3
BP 410
EP 439
DI 10.1111/j.1467-9507.2007.00391.x
PG 30
WC Psychology, Developmental
SC Psychology
GA 204NR
UT WOS:000249051800002
ER
PT J
AU Baker, DL
AF Baker, Dana Lee
TI Defining autism in Canada: Unfolding the public aspects of neurological
disability
SO SOCIAL SCIENCE JOURNAL
LA English
DT Article
ID POLICY; HISTORY; LEVEL
AB Modern disability policy seeks a balance between individual and social responsibility for disability. Striking this balance involves redefining issues related to disability. This article presents an analysis of the issue definition process on autism in Canada. The findings suggest although autism became an increasingly present issue in public discourse in Canada during the last 20 years, no specific aspect of the autism experience became defined as an urgent public problem. Furthermore, public discourse surrounding autism focuses on health care, challenging ongoing development of rights-based disability policy. (C) 2007 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
C1 Washington State Univ, Dept Polit Sci & Criminal Justice, Vancouver, WA 98686 USA.
RP Baker, DL (reprint author), Washington State Univ, Dept Polit Sci & Criminal Justice, Vancouver, WA 98686 USA.
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NR 29
TC 2
Z9 2
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0362-3319
J9 SOC SCI J
JI Soc. Sci. J.
PY 2007
VL 44
IS 4
BP 687
EP 697
DI 10.1016/j.soscij.2007.10.010
PG 11
WC Social Sciences, Interdisciplinary
SC Social Sciences - Other Topics
GA 250UV
UT WOS:000252327700008
ER
PT J
AU Guclu, B
Tanidir, C
Mukaddes, NM
Unal, F
AF Guclu, Burak
Tanidir, Canan
Mukaddes, Nahit Motavalli
Unal, Fatih
TI Tactile sensitivity of normal and autistic children
SO SOMATOSENSORY AND MOTOR RESEARCH
LA English
DT Article
DE somatosensation; Pacinian channel; non-Pacinian I channel;
hyper-sensitivity; hypo-sensitivity; pervasive developmental disorder
ID INFORMATION-PROCESSING CHANNELS; DEFICIT-HYPERACTIVITY DISORDER; SENSORY
PROFILE; VIBROTACTILE THRESHOLDS; INFANTILE-AUTISM; RESPONSES; TOUCH;
DEFENSIVENESS; DISABILITIES; DYSFUNCTION
AB Many children with autistic spectrum disorders have unusual reactions to certain sensory stimuli. These reactions vary along a hyper- to hypo-responsivity continuum. For example, some children overreact to weak sensory input, but others do not respond negatively to even strong stimuli. It is typically assumed that this deviant responsivity is linked to sensitivity, although the particular stage of sensory processing affected is not known. Psychophysical vibrotactile thresholds of six male children (age: 8-12) who were diagnosed to have autistic spectrum disorders and six normal male children ( age: 7-11) were measured by using a two-alternative forced-choice task. The tactile stimuli were sinusoidal displacements and they were applied on the terminal phalanx of the left middle finger of each subject. By using a forward-masking paradigm, 40-and 250-Hz thresholds of the Pacinian tactile channel and 40-Hz threshold of the Non-Pacinian I tactile channel were determined. There was no significant difference between the thresholds of autistic and normal children, and the autistic children had the same detection and masking mechanisms as the normal children. The sensory responsivity of each subject was tested by clinical questionnaires, which showed again no difference between the two subject groups. Furthermore, no significant correlations could be found between the questionnaire data and the psychophysical thresholds. However, there was a high correlation between the data from the tactile and emotional subsets of the questionnaires. These results support the hypothesis that the hyper-and hypo-responsivity to touch, which is sometimes observed in autistic spectrum disorders, is not a perceptual sensory problem, but may probably be emotional in origin.
C1 Bogazici Univ, Inst Biomed Engn, TR-34342 Istanbul, Turkey.
Istanbul Univ, Istanbul Med Sch, Autism Clin, Child & Adolescent Psychiat Dept, Istanbul, Turkey.
Hacettepe Univ, Child & Adolescent Psychiat Dept, Ankara, Turkey.
RP Guclu, B (reprint author), Bogazici Univ, Inst Biomed Engn, TR-34342 Istanbul, Turkey.
EM burak.guclu@boun.edu.tr
RI Unal, Fatih/A-1835-2013
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PU INFORMA HEALTHCARE-TAYLOR & FRANCIS
PI ABINGDON
PA 4 PARK SQUARE, MILTON PARK, ABINGDON, OXFORSHIRE OX14 4RN, ENGLAND
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J9 SOMATOSENS MOT RES
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VL 24
IS 1-2
BP 21
EP 33
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PG 13
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SC Neurosciences & Neurology
GA 176DJ
UT WOS:000247063800003
PM 17558920
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PT J
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Biklen, D
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Biklen, Douglas
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AB In this article on the literate development of individuals with significant disabilities, the authors describe local understanding as a relationship in which the value, intelligence, and literate presence of the person with disabilities is presumed and responsive contexts are developed that foster literate growth. Implications for policy and students without disabilities are highlighted.
C1 [Kliewer, Christopher] Univ No Iowa, Cedar Falls, IA 50614 USA.
[Biklen, Douglas] Syracuse Univ, Sch Educ, Syracuse, NY 13244 USA.
RP Kliewer, C (reprint author), Univ No Iowa, Cedar Falls, IA 50614 USA.
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JI Teach. Coll. Rec.
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IS 12
BP 2579
EP 2600
PG 22
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GA 273PH
UT WOS:000253943700001
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Kandel, I
Merrick, J
AF Ventegodt, Soren
Kandel, Isack
Merrick, Joav
TI Clinical holistic medicine (mindful short-term psychodynamic
psychotherapy complimented with bodywork) in the treatment of
schizophrenia (ICD10-F20/DSM-IV code 295) and other psychotic mental
diseases
SO THESCIENTIFICWORLDJOURNAL
LA English
DT Review
DE mental health; psychiatry; holistic health and medicine
ID HIPPOCRATIC PELVIC MASSAGE; CHILDHOOD SEXUAL-ABUSE; QUALITY-OF-LIFE;
SCALE SOC-II; PHYSICAL HEALTH; BIOLOGICAL INFORMATION; CASE STORY;
ANTONOVSKYS SENSE; CHRONIC PAIN; FOLLOW-UP
AB Clinical holistic medicine (CHM) has developed into a system that can also be helpful with mentally ill patients. CHM therapy supports the patient through a series of emotionally challenging, existential, and healing crises. The patient's sense of coherence and mental health can be recovered through the process of feeling old repressed emotions, understanding life and self, and finally letting go of negative beliefs and delusions. The Bleuler's triple condition of autism, disturbed thoughts, and disturbed emotions that characterizes the schizophrenic patient can be understood as arising from the early defense of splitting, caused by negative learning from painful childhood traumas that made the patient lose sense of coherence and withdraw from social contact. Self-insight gained through the therapy can allow the patients to take their bodily, mental, and spiritual talents into use. At the end of therapy, the patients are once again living a life of quality centered on their life mission and they relate to other people in a way that systematically creates value. There are a number of challenges meeting the therapist who works with schizophrenic and psychotic patients, from the potential risk of experiencing a patient's violence, to the obligation to contain the most difficult and embarrassing of feelings when the emotional and often also sexual content of the patient's unconsciousness becomes explicit. There is a long, well-established tradition for treating schizophrenia with psychodynamic therapy, and we have found that the combination of bodywork and psychotherapy can enhance and accelerate the therapy and might improve the treatment rate further.
C1 [Ventegodt, Soren] Qual Life Res Ctr, DK-1452 Copenhagen K, Denmark.
[Ventegodt, Soren] Res Clin Holist Med, Copenhagen, Denmark.
[Ventegodt, Soren] Nord Sch Holist Med, Copenhagen, Denmark.
[Ventegodt, Soren] Scandinavian Fdn Holist Med, Sandvika, Norway.
[Ventegodt, Soren] Interuniv Coll, Graz, Austria.
[Kandel, Isack] Ariel Univ Ctr, Fac Social Sci, Dept Behav Sci, Samaria, Ariel, Israel.
[Merrick, Joav] NICHHD, Jerusalem, Israel.
[Merrick, Joav] Minist Social Affairs, Off Med Director, Div Mental Retardat, Jerusalem, Israel.
[Merrick, Joav] Univ Kentucky, Kentucky Childrens Hosp, Lexington, KY 40506 USA.
RP Ventegodt, S (reprint author), Qual Life Res Ctr, Teglgardstr 4-8, DK-1452 Copenhagen K, Denmark.
EM ventegodt@livskvalitet.org
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NR 124
TC 3
Z9 3
PU THESCIENTIFICWORLD LTD
PI NEWBURY
PA 29-34, VENTURE WEST, NEW GREENHAM PARK, NEWBURY, BERKSHIRE RG19 6HX,
ENGLAND
SN 1537-744X
J9 THESCIENTIFICWORLDJO
JI TheScientificWorldJOURNAL
PY 2007
VL 7
BP 1987
EP 2008
DI 10.1100/tsw.2007.298
PG 22
WC Environmental Sciences; Multidisciplinary Sciences
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Science & Technology - Other Topics
GA 288KD
UT WOS:000254984400027
PM 18167614
ER
PT J
AU Coelho, CB
Sanchez, TG
Tyler, RS
AF Coelho, Claudia Barros
Sanchez, Tanit Ganz
Tyler, Richard S.
BE Langguth, B
Hajak, G
Kleinjung, T
Cacace, A
Moller, AR
TI Hyperacusis, sound annoyance, and loudness hypersensitivity in children
SO TINNITUS: PATHOPHYSIOLOGY AND TREATMENT
SE Progress in Brain Research
LA English
DT Review; Book Chapter
DE hyperacusis; tinnitus; loudness annoyance; children; cross-over study
ID WILLIAMS-SYNDROME; INDIVIDUALS; AUTISM
AB The objective of the present study was to estimate the prevalence of hyperacusis among school-aged children. We define hyperacusis as lowered loudness discomfort levels (LDL) associated with an abnormal annoyance to sounds. We used questionnaires, interviews, and estimates of LDL in a study of 506 children from 5 to 12 years of age from 15 different schools. Participants with LDL in the lowest 5th percentile were classified as having loudness hypersensitivity; an abnormal annoyance to sounds if they responded "yes" to the question "Are you bothered by any kind of sounds or noise?" could describe the sound, and were able to identify at least 10 sounds from a list of 20 as being annoying. Phonophobia was defined as a fear of sound. Children with LDL in the lowest 5th percentile typically had LDLs lower than 90 dB HL; 42% of the participants in this group were bothered by sounds and 3.2% had hyperacusis. Fifty percent of the participants with hyperacusis had tinnitus and mild hearing loss in the left ear was an associated risk factor. Phonophobia was experienced by 9% of the children. It is concluded that hyperacusis in children is prevalent, and should be considered in clinical examinations.
C1 [Coelho, Claudia Barros; Sanchez, Tanit Ganz] Univ Sao Paulo, Sch Med, Dept Otolaryngol, Sao Paulo, Brazil.
[Tyler, Richard S.] Univ Iowa, Dept Otolaryngol Head & Neck Surg, Iowa City, IA 52242 USA.
[Tyler, Richard S.] Univ Iowa, Dept Speech Pathol & Audiol, Iowa City, IA 52242 USA.
RP Coelho, CB (reprint author), Univ Sao Paulo, Sch Med, Dept Otolaryngol, Sao Paulo, Brazil.
EM claudia-coelho@uiowa.edu
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NR 22
TC 15
Z9 16
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA SARA BURGERHARTSTRAAT 25, PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0079-6123
BN 978-0-444-53167-4
J9 PROG BRAIN RES
JI Prog. Brain Res.
PY 2007
VL 166
BP 169
EP 178
DI 10.1016/S0079-6123(07)66015-4
PG 10
WC Neurosciences; Otorhinolaryngology
SC Neurosciences & Neurology; Otorhinolaryngology
GA BQC09
UT WOS:000280613600017
PM 17956781
ER
PT J
AU Rowe, M
Lane, S
Phipps, C
AF Rowe, Meredeth
Lane, Stephen
Phipps, Chad
TI CareWatch - A home monitoring system for use in homes of persons with
cognitive impairment
SO TOPICS IN GERIATRIC REHABILITATION
LA English
DT Article
DE Alzheimer's disease; autism; caregiver; dementia; sleep; tecbnology
ID SLEEP FRAGMENTATION; DISORDERS
AB Currently, informal caregivers provide the bulk of care for persons with cognitive impairment who live in the home, often at significant cost in terms of their own physical, mental, and emotional health. This is a report of the development of a home monitoring system, CareWatch, designed for use in homes of persons with cognitive impairment such as Alzheimer's disease. The purpose of CareWatch is to prevent unattended home exits, particularly during the night, and to improve caregiver sleep. We report on the development of CareWatch and on 2 clinical trials underway to test its effectiveness in the home setting.
C1 Amron Corp, Mclean, VA USA.
Univ Florida, Dept Adult Elderly Nursing, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA.
RP Rowe, M (reprint author), Univ Florida, Dept Adult & Elderly Nursing, POB 100197, Gainesville, FL 32610 USA.
EM mrowe@ufl.edu
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NR 14
TC 23
Z9 23
PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS
PI PHILADELPHIA
PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA
SN 0882-7524
J9 TOP GERIATR REHABIL
JI Top. Geriatr. Rehabil.
PD JAN-MAR
PY 2007
VL 23
IS 1
BP 3
EP 8
PG 6
WC Gerontology; Rehabilitation
SC Geriatrics & Gerontology; Rehabilitation
GA 139XS
UT WOS:000244466700003
ER
PT J
AU Stenning, K
van Lambalgen, M
AF Stenning, Keith
van Lambalgen, Michiel
TI Logic in the study of psychiatric disorders: executive function and
rule-following
SO TOPOI-AN INTERNATIONAL REVIEW OF PHILOSOPHY
LA English
DT Article
DE non-monotonic logic; executive function; autism; ADHD
ID DEFICIT HYPERACTIVITY DISORDER; FALSE BELIEFS; DIFFICULTY; AUTISM
AB Executive function has become an important concept in explanations of psychiatric disorders, but we currently lack comprehensive models of normal executive function and of its malfunctions. Here we illustrate how defeasible logical analysis can aid progress in this area. We illustrate using autism and attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) as example disorders, and show how logical analysis reveals commonalities between linguistic and non-linguistic behaviours within each disorder, and how contrasting sub-components of executive function are involved across disorders. This analysis reveals how logical analysis is as applicable to fast, automatic and unconscious reasoning as it is to slow deliberate cogitation.
C1 Univ Amsterdam, Dept Philosophy, Fac Humanities, NL-1012 CP Amsterdam, Netherlands.
Univ Edinburgh, Human Commun Res Ctr, Edinburgh EH8 9LW, Midlothian, Scotland.
RP van Lambalgen, M (reprint author), Univ Amsterdam, Dept Philosophy, Fac Humanities, Nieuwe Doelenstr 15, NL-1012 CP Amsterdam, Netherlands.
EM M.vanLambalgen@uva.nl
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NR 30
TC 5
Z9 5
PU SPRINGER
PI DORDRECHT
PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS
SN 0167-7411
EI 1572-8749
J9 TOPOI-INT REV PHILOS
JI Topoi-Int. Rev. Philos.
PY 2007
VL 26
IS 1
BP 97
EP 114
DI 10.1007/s11245-006-9012-6
PG 18
WC Philosophy
SC Philosophy
GA 176NT
UT WOS:000247092800008
ER
PT J
AU Mukaddes, NM
Herguner, S
AF Mukaddes, Nahit Motavalli
Herguner, Sabri
TI Autistic disorder and 22q11.2 duplication
SO WORLD JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL PSYCHIATRY
LA English
DT Article
DE 22q11.2 duplication; autistic disorder; chromosome 22; interphase FISH;
velocardiofacial syndrome
ID DELETION SYNDROME; CHROMOSOME 22Q11; MICRODUPLICATION
AB Although several reports have described the co-occurrence of autism in subjects with chromosome 22 abnormalities including trisomy 22, translocation 20/22, 22q11.2 deletion, ring chromosome 22, and 22q13.3 deletion, there is no report with 22q11.2 duplication. We report a 9-year-old girl, referred to our department for her behavioural problems and language delay. She was diagnosed with autistic disorder according to DSM-IV criteria. Because of her dysmorphic characteristics comprising narrow face, narrow forehead, mandibular prognathism, synophrys, and operated cleft palate and cardiac problems, she had gone under cytogenetic analysis. Although she was ascertained as suspected velocardiofacial syndrome (VCFS), the duplication of 22q11.2 was detected by interphase fluorescence in situ hybridization. Previous reports on the psychiatric aspects of 22q11.2 duplication have shown the existence of hyperactivity, learning disability, speech problems, and aggressive behaviours but not autism. Moreover, the lack of reports of co-occurrence of autism and 22q11.2 duplication may be related to paucity as a result of technical problems.
C1 Istanbul Univ, Istanbul Fac Med, Dept Child & Adolescent Psychiat, Istanbul, Turkey.
RP Mukaddes, NM (reprint author), Sezai Selek Sok,Sevim Ap 7,D4, TR-80200 Istanbul, Turkey.
EM nmotavalli@yahoo.com
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NR 22
TC 36
Z9 36
PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD
PI ABINGDON
PA 4 PARK SQUARE, MILTON PARK, ABINGDON OX14 4RN, OXON, ENGLAND
SN 1562-2975
J9 WORLD J BIOL PSYCHIA
JI World J. Biol. Psychiatry
PY 2007
VL 8
IS 2
BP 127
EP 130
DI 10.1080/15622970601026701
PG 4
WC Psychiatry
SC Psychiatry
GA 171JO
UT WOS:000246732300006
PM 17455106
ER
PT J
AU Kerbeshian, J
Burd, L
Tait, A
AF Kerbeshian, Jacob
Burd, Larry
Tait, Alison
TI Chain reaction or time bomb: A
neuropsychiatric-developmental/neurodevelopmental formulation of
tourettisms, pervasive developmental disorder, and schizophreniform
symptomatology associated with PANDAS
SO WORLD JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL PSYCHIATRY
LA English
DT Article
DE tourette's syndrome; pervasive developmental disorders; children;
neuropsychiatric; PANDAS
ID POSTSTREPTOCOCCAL AUTOIMMUNE DISORDERS; STREPTOCOCCAL INFECTION PANDAS;
BASAL GANGLIA ANTIBODIES; CENTRAL-NERVOUS-SYSTEM; PSYCHIATRIC-DISORDERS;
MONOCLONAL-ANTIBODY; RHEUMATIC-FEVER; TIC DISORDER; CHILDREN; AUTISM
AB We present the case of a boy who over time sequentially exhibited symptoms consistent with a pervasive developmental disorder, schizophreniform symptornatology, multiple motor and vocal tics, and myoclonus. During this period he experienced multiple episodes of group A beta-haemolytic streptococcal (strep) infection confirmed by culture and serological studies. We speculate that paediatric autoimmune neuropsychiatric disorder associated with strep (PANDAS) may have served as an element in a complex chain of causation influencing the expression of his symptoms. Our main emphasis is to utilize our case study as an example of the application in case formulation of the neuropsychiatric developmental model and of the neurodevelopmental model on symptom ontogenesis and clinical outcome.
C1 Univ N Dakota, Sch Med & Hlth Sci, Dept Pediat, Grand Forks, ND 58202 USA.
Univ N Dakota, Sch Med & Hlth Sci, Dept Pediat, Grand Forks, ND 58202 USA.
Lipp Carlson Lommen & Witucki Ltd, Grand Forks, ND USA.
RP Burd, L (reprint author), Univ N Dakota, Sch Med & Hlth Sci, Dept Pediat, 501 N Columbia Rd, Grand Forks, ND 58202 USA.
EM laburd@medicine.nodak.edu
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NR 40
TC 7
Z9 8
PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD
PI ABINGDON
PA 4 PARK SQUARE, MILTON PARK, ABINGDON OX14 4RN, OXON, ENGLAND
SN 1562-2975
J9 WORLD J BIOL PSYCHIA
JI World J. Biol. Psychiatry
PY 2007
VL 8
IS 3
BP 201
EP 207
DI 10.1080/15622970601182652
PG 7
WC Psychiatry
SC Psychiatry
GA 209AL
UT WOS:000249360400006
PM 17654411
ER
PT J
AU Herbrecht, E
Poustka, F
AF Herbrecht, Evelyn
Poustka, Fritz
TI Frankfurt group social communication and interaction skills training for
children and adolescents with autism spectrum disorders
SO ZEITSCHRIFT FUR KINDER-UND JUGENDPSYCHIATRIE UND PSYCHOTHERAPIE
LA German
DT Article
DE group-based training; autism; social skills; children and adolescents;
manual
ID BEHAVIORAL TREATMENT; YOUNG-CHILDREN; INTERVENTION; PROGRAM;
INDIVIDUALS; CHALLENGES; MODEL
AB Objective: Despite the recognition of the need for group-based training programmes for children and adolescents with autistic disorders, there are only very few specific German-speaking training programmes available. Since 2003, a structured group training programme on social skills for children and adolescents with high-functioning autism or Asperger syndrome has been developed and conducted at our department. The training programme focuses on the main deficits of those disorders. Thus, the primary goal is to improve communication and interaction skills.
Method: Participants are children and adolescents without significant cognitive and language delays. Principles of intervention include structured formats, combination of theoretical and practical elements, predictable rules, consideration of individual difficulties, and sequential and progressive learning. Techniques range from structured games, the training of affect recognition, group activities, role play, team discussions, and feedback to homework using a newly designed manual on our group-based social skill training programme and curriculum. Generally, three groups of 5-7 participants each and of different age range (children, adolescents) meet weekly / biweekly for 1-1.5 hours (excluding the holidays). Two trainers - who change during the programme - carry out each of the sessions. Trainers meet regularly with the parents to discuss experiences and to provide details of the programme.
Results: Acceptance by and satisfaction with the programme are high among participants, as is the mutual recognition of and tolerance of their respective problems. Both feedback from parents and trainers' clinical impressions indicate distinct improvement of verbalization and contact abilities. Participants seem to benefit particularly from role play.
Conclusions: Qualtitative measures (impressions of the participants, their parents and their trainers with regard to change in behaviour skills) suggest mounting interaction, communication. and problem-solving skills during the group treatment. An ongoing pilot evaluation also includes measurements of effects in everyday settings. Depending on the results, the training subsequently could be conducted and evaluated in groups. with both pervasive developmental, as well as other psychiatric disorders.
C1 Klinikum Johann Wolfgang Goethe Univ, Klin Psychiat & Psychotherapie Kindes & Jugendalt, DE-60528 Frankfurt, Germany.
RP Herbrecht, E (reprint author), Klinikum Johann Wolfgang Goethe Univ, Klin Psychiat & Psychotherapie Kindes & Jugendalt, Deutschordenstr 50, DE-60528 Frankfurt, Germany.
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World Health Organisation, 1992, ICD 10 CLASS MENT BE
NR 31
TC 5
Z9 5
PU VERLAG HANS HUBER
PI BERN 9
PA LANGGASS-STRASSE 76, CH-3000 BERN 9, SWITZERLAND
SN 1422-4917
J9 Z KINDER JUG-PSYCH
JI Z. Kinder-und Jugendpsy. Psychother.
PD JAN
PY 2007
VL 35
IS 1
BP 33
EP 40
DI 10.1024/1422-4917.35.1.33
PG 8
WC Psychiatry
SC Psychiatry
GA 132ZF
UT WOS:000243980700004
PM 17230427
ER
PT J
AU Freitag, CM
Retz-Junginger, P
Retz, W
Seitz, C
Palmason, H
Meyer, J
Rosler, M
von Gontard, A
AF Freitag, Christine M.
Retz-Junginger, Petra
Retz, Wolfgang
Seitz, Christiane
Palmason, Haukur
Meyer, Jobst
Rosler, Michael
von Gontard, Alexander
TI German adaptation of the autism-spectrum quotient (AQ): Evaluation and
short version AQ-k
SO ZEITSCHRIFT FUR KLINISCHE PSYCHOLOGIE UND PSYCHOTHERAPIE
LA English
DT Article
DE screening; autistic disorders; Autism Spectrum Quotient; validity;
reliability; sensitivity
ID ATTENTION-DEFICIT/HYPERACTIVITY DISORDER; PERVASIVE DEVELOPMENTAL
DISORDERS; BROADER PHENOTYPE; FAMILY HISTORY; PARENTS; ADULTS; TWIN;
QUESTIONNAIRE; BEHAVIOR; DEFICIT
AB Background: Autistic disorders are characterized by deficits in social interaction and communication, and stereotyped and repetitive behaviour. No German-language self-assessment instrument for screening for autistic disorders has been available so far. Methods: Psychometric properties of the Autism Spectrum Quotient (AQ) screening questionnaire were assessed in four samples: two non-clinical, one forensic and one high-functioning autism/Asperger syndrome sample. Results: Due to the partly very low selectivity of individual items, a short version of the questionnaire (AQ-k) was created, containing only sufficiently selective items. A three factor solution (social interaction and spontaneity; imagination and creativity; communication and reciprocity) was obtained by principal components analysis of the AQ-k. Internal consistency of the three factors was between 0.65 and 0.87. Retestreliability as well as external validity were satisfactory. The AQ-k showed a good discriminative validity and good screening properties at a threshold score of 17. Conclusions: The AQ-k is a reliable and valid self-assessment instrument for individuals with normal intelligence from age 16 years on. It is a screening instrument only and should not be used for the diagnosis of an autistic disorder.
C1 Univ Klinikum Saarlandes, Klin Kinder & Jugendpsychiat & Psychotherapie, D-66421 Homburg, Germany.
Univ Klinikum Saarlandes, Inst Forens Psychiat, Homburg, Germany.
Univ Trier, Abt Verhaltensgenet, Trier, Germany.
RP Freitag, CM (reprint author), Univ Klinikum Saarlandes, Klin Kinder & Jugendpsychiat & Psychotherapie, Geb 90,Kirrberger Str, D-66421 Homburg, Germany.
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1993, INT KLASSIFIKATION P
NR 31
TC 14
Z9 14
PU HOGREFE & HUBER PUBLISHERS
PI GOTTINGEN
PA ROHNSWEG 25, D-37085 GOTTINGEN, GERMANY
SN 1616-3443
J9 Z KL PSYCH PSYCHOTH
JI Z. Klin. Psychol. Psychother.
PY 2007
VL 36
IS 4
BP 280
EP 289
DI 10.1026/1616-3443.36.4.280
PG 10
WC Psychology, Clinical
SC Psychology
GA 225UD
UT WOS:000250542600006
ER
PT J
AU Kozhushko, NY
Shaitor, VM
Ponomareva, EA
Berezhnaya, NF
AF Kozhushko, N. Yu.
Shaitor, V. M.
Ponomareva, E. A.
Berezhnaya, N. F.
TI Transcranial micropolarization in the complex therapy of early child
autism
SO ZHURNAL NEVROLOGII I PSIKHIATRII IMENI S S KORSAKOVA
LA Russian
DT Article
DE early child autism; transcranial micropolarization; understanding of
speech; learning capabilities
AB This research presents the results of using transcranial micropolarization technique (TCMP) developed in the Human Brain Institute, Russian Academy of Medical Sciences, in 17 children, aged from 3 to 6 years, with the ICD-10 diagnosis of autism (F84.0). Included in the complex therapy, TCMP allowed to increase significantly the process of formation of higher mental functions and development of communicative skills, mostly due to the substantial improvement of understanding of addressed speech. The positive dynamics of learning capabilities was based on increasing of regulating function of adult's speech with the corresponding growth of adequate behavior of the child at home, studies and public places.
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ZINKEVICHYEVSTI.TD, 2002, PRAKTIKUM PESOCHNOI
NR 13
TC 2
Z9 3
PU IZDATELSTVO MEDITSINA
PI MOSCOW
PA PETROVERIGSKII PER 6-8, K-142 MOSCOW, RUSSIA
SN 0044-4588
J9 ZH NEVROL PSIKHIATR
JI Z. Nevrol. Psikhiatrii Im S S Korsakova
PY 2007
VL 107
IS 10
BP 47
EP 51
PG 7
WC Clinical Neurology; Psychiatry
SC Neurosciences & Neurology; Psychiatry
GA 236VG
UT WOS:000251330900008
ER
PT J
AU Shinohe, A
Hashimoto, K
Nakamura, K
Tsujii, M
Iwata, Y
Tsuchiya, KJ
Sekine, Y
Suda, S
Suzuki, K
Sugihara, GI
Matsuzaki, H
Minabe, Y
Suglyama, T
Kawai, M
Yo, M
Takei, N
Mori, N
AF Shinohe, Atsuko
Hashimoto, Kenji
Nakamura, Kazuhiko
Tsujii, Masatsugu
Iwata, Yasuhide
Tsuchiya, Kenji J.
Sekine, Yoshimoto
Suda, Shiro
Suzuki, Katsuaki
Sugihara, Gen-ichi
Matsuzaki, Hideo
Minabe, Yoshio
Suglyama, Toshiro
Kawai, Masayoshi
Yo, Masaomi
Takei, Nori
Mori, Norio
TI Increased serum levels of glutamate in adult patients with autism
SO PROGRESS IN NEURO-PSYCHOPHARMACOLOGY & BIOLOGICAL PSYCHIATRY
LA English
DT Review
DE amino acids; autism; D-serme; glutamate; HPLC; human serum
ID OBSESSIVE COMPULSIVE SCALE; COMMON DIETARY PROTEINS; CARRIER SLC25A12
GENE; SPECTRUM DISORDERS; D-SERINE; GASTROINTESTINAL SYMPTOMS;
CEREBROSPINAL-FLUID; CYTOKINE PRODUCTION; ASSOCIATION; CHILDREN
AB Background: Precise mechanisms underlying the pathophysiology of autism are currently unknown. Given the major role of glutamate in brain development, we have hypothesized that glutamatergic neurotransmission plays a role in the pathophysiology of autism. In this study, we studied whether amino acids (glutamate, glutamine, glycine, D-serme, and L-serine) related to glutamatergic neurotransmission are altered in serum of adult patients with autism.
Methods: We measured serum levels of amino acids in 18 male adult patients with autism and age-matched 19 male healthy subjects using high-performance liquid chromatography.
Results: Serum levels (mean=89.2 mu M, S.D.=21.5) of glutamate in the patients with autism were significantly (t=-4.48, df=35,p < 0.001) higher than those (Mean=61.1 mu M, S.D.= 16.5) of normal controls. In contrast, serum levels of other amino acids (glutamine, glycine, D-serine, L-serine) in the patients with autism did not differ from those of normal controls. There was a positive correlation (r=0.523,p=0.026) between serum glutamate levels and Autism Diagnostic Interview-Revised (ADI-R) social scores in patients.
Conclusions: The present study suggests that an abnormality in glutamatergic neurotransmission may play a role in the pathophysiology of autism. (c) 2006 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
C1 Chiba Univ, Ctr Forens Mental Hlth, Div Clin Neurosci, Chiba 2608670, Japan.
Chiba Univ, Grad Sch Med, Dept Psychiat, Chiba 2608670, Japan.
Hamamatsu Univ Sch Med, Dept Psychiat & Neurol, Hamamatsu, Shizuoka 4313192, Japan.
Chukyo Univ, Fac Sociol, Aichi 4700393, Japan.
Aichi Childrens Hlth & Med Ctr, Obu, Aichi 47408710, Japan.
RP Hashimoto, K (reprint author), Chiba Univ, Ctr Forens Mental Hlth, Div Clin Neurosci, 1-8-1 Inohana, Chiba 2608670, Japan.
EM hashimoto@faculty.chiba-u.jp
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NR 48
TC 86
Z9 88
PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND
SN 0278-5846
J9 PROG NEURO-PSYCHOPH
JI Prog. Neuro-Psychopharmacol. Biol. Psychiatry
PD DEC 30
PY 2006
VL 30
IS 8
BP 1472
EP 1477
DI 10.1016/j.pnpbp.2006.06.013
PG 6
WC Clinical Neurology; Neurosciences; Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Psychiatry
SC Neurosciences & Neurology; Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Psychiatry
GA 116FT
UT WOS:000242788600013
PM 16863675
ER
PT J
AU Hashimoto, K
Iwata, Y
Nakamura, K
Tsujii, M
Tsuchiya, KJ
Sekine, Y
Suzuki, K
Minabe, Y
Takei, N
Yo, M
Mori, N
AF Hashimoto, Kenji
Iwata, Yasuhide
Nakamura, Kazuhiko
Tsujii, Masatsugu
Tsuchiya, Kenji J.
Sekine, Yoshimoto
Suzuki, Katsuaki
Minabe, Yoshio
Takei, Nori
Yo, Masaomi
Mori, Norio
TI Reduced serum levels of brain-derived neurotrophic factor in adult male
patients with autism
SO PROGRESS IN NEURO-PSYCHOPHARMACOLOGY & BIOLOGICAL PSYCHIATRY
LA English
DT Review
DE autism; brain-derived neurotrophic factor; neurodevelopmental disorder;
serum
ID MENTAL-RETARDATION; NEONATAL BLOOD; DISORDERS; CHILDREN; BDNF;
NEUROPEPTIDES; PLATELETS; PLASMA
AB Background: The precise mechanisms underlying the pathophysiology of autism are currently unknown. Given the key role of brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) in brain development, we hypothesized that BDNF may play a role in the pathophysiology of autism. In this study, we studied whether serum levels of BDNF are altered in patients with autism. Methods: We measured serum levels of BDNF in 18 adult male patients with autism and 18 age-matched healthy male control subjects. Results: The serum levels of BDNF in patients with autism (25.6 +/- 2.15 ng/ml (mean +/- S.D.)) were significantly (z=-4.42, p < 0.001) lower than those of normal controls (61.6 +/- 10.9 ng/ml (mean S.D.)). Nevertheless, we found no correlations between BDNF levels and clinical variables in autistic patients. Conclusions: This study suggests that reduced BDNF levels may play a role in the pathophysiology of autism. (c) 2006 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
C1 Chiba Univ, Ctr Forens Mental Hlth, Div Clin Neurosci, Chiba 2608670, Japan.
Hamamatsu Univ Sch Med, Dept Psychiat & Neurol, Hamamatsu, Shizuoka 43131, Japan.
Chukyo Univ, Fac Sociol, Toyota, Aichi, Japan.
Chiba Univ, Dept Psychiat, Grad Sch Med, Chiba, Japan.
RP Hashimoto, K (reprint author), Chiba Univ, Ctr Forens Mental Hlth, Div Clin Neurosci, 1-8-1 Inohana, Chiba 2608670, Japan.
EM hashimmo@faculty.chiba-u.jp
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Z9 56
PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND
SN 0278-5846
J9 PROG NEURO-PSYCHOPH
JI Prog. Neuro-Psychopharmacol. Biol. Psychiatry
PD DEC 30
PY 2006
VL 30
IS 8
BP 1529
EP 1531
DI 10.1016/j.pnpbp.2006.06.018
PG 3
WC Clinical Neurology; Neurosciences; Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Psychiatry
SC Neurosciences & Neurology; Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Psychiatry
GA 116FT
UT WOS:000242788600021
PM 16876305
ER
PT J
AU Skuse, D
AF Skuse, David
TI Genetic influences on the neural basis of social cognition
SO PHILOSOPHICAL TRANSACTIONS OF THE ROYAL SOCIETY B-BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES
LA English
DT Review
DE social cognition; amygdala; X-chromosome; emotion; candidate genes;
serotonin transporter
ID EMOTIONAL FACIAL EXPRESSIONS; BILATERAL AMYGDALA DAMAGE; EVENT-RELATED
FMRI; TURNER-SYNDROME; FUNCTIONAL NEUROANATOMY; SEROTONIN TRANSPORTER;
SUPERIOR COLLICULUS; PREFRONTAL CORTEX; FEAR RECOGNITION; FACE
PERCEPTION
AB The neural basis of social cognition has been the subject of intensive research in both human and non-human primates. Exciting, provocative and yet consistent findings are emerging. A major focus of interest is the role of efferent and afferent connectivity between the amygdala and the neocortical brain regions, now believed to be critical for the processing of social and emotional perceptions. One possible component is a subcortical neural pathway, which permits rapid and preconscious processing of potentially threatening stimuli, and it leads from the retina to the superior colliculus, to the pulvinar nucleus of the thalamus and then to the amygdala. This pathway is activated by direct eye contact, one of many classes of potential threat, and may be particularly responsive to the 'whites of the eyes'. In humans, autonomic arousal evoked by this stimulus is associated with the activity in specific cortical regions concerned with processing visual information from faces. The integrated functioning of these pathways is modulated by one or more X-linked genes, yet to be identified. The emotional responsiveness of the amygdala, and its associated circuits, to social threat is also influenced by functional polymorphisms in the promoter of the serotonin transporter gene. We still do not have a clear account of how specific allelic variation, in candidate genes, increases susceptibility to developmental disorders, such as autism, or psychiatric conditions, such as anxiety or depressive illness. However, the regulation of emotional responsiveness to social cues lies at the heart of the problem, and recent research indicates that we may be nearing a deeper and more comprehensive understanding.
C1 UCL, Inst Child Hlth, Behav & Brain Sci Unit, London WC1N 1EH, England.
RP Skuse, D (reprint author), UCL, Inst Child Hlth, Behav & Brain Sci Unit, 30 Guilford St, London WC1N 1EH, England.
EM d.skuse@ich.ucl.ac.uk
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NR 122
TC 37
Z9 37
PU ROYAL SOC
PI LONDON
PA 6-9 CARLTON HOUSE TERRACE, LONDON SW1Y 5AG, ENGLAND
SN 0962-8436
J9 PHILOS T R SOC B
JI Philos. Trans. R. Soc. B-Biol. Sci.
PD DEC 29
PY 2006
VL 361
IS 1476
BP 2129
EP 2141
DI 10.1098/rstb.2006.1935
PG 13
WC Biology
SC Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics
GA 114SI
UT WOS:000242685500006
PM 17118928
ER
PT J
AU Hammock, EAD
Young, LJ
AF Hammock, Elizabeth A. D.
Young, Larry J.
TI Oxytocin, vasopressin and pair bonding: implications for autism
SO PHILOSOPHICAL TRANSACTIONS OF THE ROYAL SOCIETY B-BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES
LA English
DT Review
DE individual differences; regulatory microsatellite; prairie vole; autism;
vasopressin; oxytocin
ID VOLES MICROTUS-OCHROGASTER; FEMALE PRAIRIE VOLES; SOCIAL RECOGNITION
RESPONSES; PARTNER-PREFERENCE FORMATION; NUCLEUS-ACCUMBENS DOPAMINE;
RECEPTOR GENE-EXPRESSION; OLFACTORY-BULB; MALE-RATS;
SPECIES-DIFFERENCES; MATERNAL-BEHAVIOR
AB Understanding the neurobiological substrates regulating normal social behaviours may provide valuable insights in human behaviour, including developmental disorders such as autism that are characterized by pervasive deficits in social behaviour. Here, we review the literature which suggests that the neuropeptides oxytocin and vasopressin play critical roles in modulating social behaviours, with a focus on their role in the regulation of social bonding in monogamous rodents. Oxytocin and vasopressin contribute to a wide variety of social behaviours, including social recognition, communication, parental care, territorial aggression and social bonding. The effects of these two neuropeptides are species-specific and depend on species-specific receptor distributions in the brain. Comparative studies in voles with divergent social structures have revealed some of the neural and genetic mechanisms of social-bonding behaviour. Prairie voles are socially monogamous; males and females form long-term pair bonds, establish a nest site and rear their offspring together. In contrast, montane and meadow voles do not form a bond with a mate and only the females take part in rearing the young. Species differences in the density of receptors for oxytocin and vasopressin in ventral forebrain reward circuitry differentially reinforce social-bonding behaviour in the two species. High levels of oxytocin receptor (OTR) in the nucleus accumbens and high levels of vasopressin 1a receptor (V1aR) in the ventral pallidum contribute to monogamous social structure in the prairie vole. While little is known about the genetic factors contributing to species-differences in OTR distribution, the species-specific distribution pattern of the V1aR is determined in part by a species-specific repetitive element, or 'microsatellite', in the 50 regulatory region of the gene encoding V1aR (avpr1a). This microsatellite is highly expanded in the prairie vole (as well as the monogamous pine vole) compared to a very short version in the promiscuous montane and meadow voles. These species differences in microsatellite sequence are sufficient to change gene expression in cell culture. Within the prairie vole species, intraspecific variation in the microsatellite also modulates gene expression in vitro as well as receptor distribution patterns in vivo and influences the probability of social approach and bonding behaviour. Similar genetic variation in the human AVPR1A may contribute to variations in human social behaviour, including extremes outside the normal range of behaviour and those found in autism spectrum disorders. In sum, comparative studies in pair-bonding rodents have revealed neural and genetic mechanisms contributing to social-bonding behaviour. These studies have generated testable hypotheses regarding the motivational systems and underlying molecular neurobiology involved in social engagement and social bond formation that may have important implications for the core social deficits characterizing autism spectrum disorders.
C1 Emory Univ, Yerkes Natl Primate Res Ctr, Ctr Behav Neurosci, Dept Psychiat & Behav Sci, Atlanta, GA 30329 USA.
RP Young, LJ (reprint author), Emory Univ, Yerkes Natl Primate Res Ctr, Ctr Behav Neurosci, Dept Psychiat & Behav Sci, Atlanta, GA 30329 USA.
EM lyoun03@emory.edu
RI Hammock, Elizabeth/G-1897-2011
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NR 102
TC 130
Z9 131
PU ROYAL SOCIETY
PI LONDON
PA 6-9 CARLTON HOUSE TERRACE, LONDON SW1Y 5AG, ENGLAND
SN 0962-8436
J9 PHILOS T R SOC B
JI Philos. Trans. R. Soc. B-Biol. Sci.
PD DEC 29
PY 2006
VL 361
IS 1476
BP 2187
EP 2198
DI 10.1098/rstb.2006.1939
PG 12
WC Biology
SC Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics
GA 114SI
UT WOS:000242685500010
PM 17118932
ER
PT J
AU Boso, M
Emanuele, E
Minoretti, P
Arra, M
Politi, P
di Nemi, SU
Barale, F
AF Boso, Marianna
Emanuele, Enzo
Minoretti, Piercarlo
Arra, Mariarosa
Politi, Pierluigi
di Nemi, Stefania Ucelli
Barale, Francesco
TI Alterations of circulating endogenous secretory RAGE and S100A9 levels
indicating dysfunction of the AGE-RAGE axis in autism
SO NEUROSCIENCE LETTERS
LA English
DT Article
DE autistic spectrum disorders; oxidative stress; advanced glycation end
products; calgranulins; ELISA
ID GLYCATION END-PRODUCTS; VASCULAR COMPLICATIONS; SPECTRUM DISORDERS;
ENDOTHELIAL-CELLS; SERUM-LEVELS; CHILDREN; RECEPTOR; PROTEINS; BRAIN
AB An excess accumulation of advanced glycation end products (AGEs) has been reported in autism brains. Through their interaction with their putative receptor RAGE, AGEs can promote neuroinflammation, oxidative stress and neuronal degeneration. To shed more light on the possible alterations of the AGEs-RAGE axis in autism, hereto we measured plasma levels of endogenous secretory RAGE (esRAGE) and its proinflammatory ligand S100A9 in 18 young adults with autistic spectrum disorder (ASD) and 18 age- and gender-matched healthy comparison subjects. The Childhood Autism Rating Scale (CARS) was used to assess the severity of autistic symptoms. Significantly reduced levels of esRAGE (P = 0.0023) and elevated concentrations of S100A9 (P = 0.0012) were found in ASD patients as compared to controls. In autistic patients, there was a statistically significant positive correlation between CARS scores and S100A9 levels (r = 0.49, P = 0.035), but no significant correlation was seen between esRAGE and S100A9 values (r = -0.23, P = 0.34). Our results of a significantly reduced peripheral level of esRAGE coupled with elevated S100A9 point to a subtle but definite dysfunction of the AGEs/RAGE axis in autism that could play a role in the pathophysiology of this disorder. (c) 2006 Elsevier Ireland Ltd. All rights reserved.
C1 Univ Pavia, Interdept Ctr Res Mol Med, I-27100 Pavia, Italy.
Univ Pavia, Dept Appl Hlth & Behav Sci, Sect Psychiat, I-27100 Pavia, Italy.
RP Emanuele, E (reprint author), Univ Pavia, Interdept Ctr Res Mol Med, Vialel Taramelli 24, I-27100 Pavia, Italy.
EM enzo.em@libero.it
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NR 27
TC 15
Z9 17
PU ELSEVIER IRELAND LTD
PI CLARE
PA ELSEVIER HOUSE, BROOKVALE PLAZA, EAST PARK SHANNON, CO, CLARE, 00000,
IRELAND
SN 0304-3940
J9 NEUROSCI LETT
JI Neurosci. Lett.
PD DEC 27
PY 2006
VL 410
IS 3
BP 169
EP 173
DI 10.1016/j.neulet.2006.08.092
PG 5
WC Neurosciences
SC Neurosciences & Neurology
GA 120NR
UT WOS:000243092200004
PM 17101220
ER
PT J
AU Rzhetsky, A
Zheng, T
Weinreb, C
AF Rzhetsky, Andrey
Zheng, Tian
Weinreb, Chani
TI Self-Correcting Maps of Molecular Pathways
SO PLOS ONE
LA English
DT Article
ID BAYESIAN NETWORKS; EXPRESSION; APOPTOSIS; PRESENILIN-1; KNOWLEDGE;
MODELS
AB Reliable and comprehensive maps of molecular pathways are indispensable for guiding complex biomedical experiments. Such maps are typically assembled from myriads of disparate research reports and are replete with inconsistencies due to variations in experimental conditions and/or errors. It is often an intractable task to manually verify internal consistency over a large collection of experimental statements. To automate large-scale reconciliation efforts, we propose a random-arcs-and-nodes model where both nodes (tissue-specific states of biological molecules) and arcs (interactions between them) are represented with random variables. We show how to obtain a non-contradictory model of a molecular network by computing the joint distribution for arc and node variables, and then apply our methodology to a realistic network, generating a set of experimentally testable hypotheses. This network, derived from an automated analysis of over 3,000 full-text research articles, includes genes that have been hypothetically linked to four neurological disorders: Alzheimer's disease, autism, bipolar disorder, and schizophrenia. We estimated that approximately 10% of the published molecular interactions are logically incompatible. Our approach can be directly applied to an array of diverse problems including those encountered in molecular biology, ecology, economics, politics, and sociology.
C1 [Rzhetsky, Andrey; Weinreb, Chani] Columbia Univ, Dept Biomed Informat, Ctr Computat Biol & Bioinformat, New York, NY 10027 USA.
[Rzhetsky, Andrey; Weinreb, Chani] Columbia Univ, Joint Ctr Syst Biol, New York, NY USA.
[Rzhetsky, Andrey] Columbia Univ, Judith P Sulzberger MD Columbia Genome Ctr, New York, NY USA.
[Rzhetsky, Andrey] Columbia Univ, Dept Biol, New York, NY USA.
[Zheng, Tian] Columbia Univ, Dept Stat, New York, NY USA.
RP Rzhetsky, A (reprint author), Columbia Univ, Dept Biomed Informat, Ctr Computat Biol & Bioinformat, New York, NY 10027 USA.
EM andrey.rzhetsky@dbmi.columbia.edu
RI rzhetsky, andrey/B-6118-2012
FU National Institutes of Health [GM61372, GM070789]; National Science
Foundation [0438291, 0121687, 0532231]; Cure Autism Now Foundation;
Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency [FA8750-04-2-0123];
[5-T15-LM007079]
FX This work was supported by the National Institutes of Health (GM61372 to
A. R., GM070789 to T. Z., and training fellowship 5-T15-LM007079 to C.
W.), the National Science Foundation ( 0438291 and 0121687 to A. R., and
0532231 to T. Z.), the Cure Autism Now Foundation to A. R., and the
Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency (FA8750-04-2-0123 to A. R.).
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NR 29
TC 6
Z9 6
PU PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE
PI SAN FRANCISCO
PA 1160 BATTERY STREET, STE 100, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94111 USA
SN 1932-6203
J9 PLOS ONE
JI PLoS One
PD DEC 20
PY 2006
VL 1
IS 1
AR e61
DI 10.1371/journal.pone.0000061
PG 8
WC Multidisciplinary Sciences
SC Science & Technology - Other Topics
GA V10DB
UT WOS:000207443600061
PM 17183692
ER
PT J
AU Grandjean, P
Landrigan, PJ
AF Grandjean, P.
Landrigan, P. J.
TI Developmental neurotoxicity of industrial chemicals
SO LANCET
LA English
DT Review
ID CHILDRENS INTELLECTUAL FUNCTION; POLYCHLORINATED-BIPHENYLS;
ENVIRONMENTAL EXPOSURE; TOLUENE EMBRYOPATHY; PRENATAL EXPOSURE;
IN-UTERO; NEUROBEHAVIORAL PERFORMANCE; MANGANESE NEUROTOXICITY;
OCCUPATIONAL-EXPOSURE; SPECTRUM DISORDERS
AB Neurodevelopmental disorders such as autism, attention deficit disorder, mental retardation, and cerebral palsy are common, costly, and can cause lifelong disability. Their causes are mostly unknown. A few industrial chemicals (eg, lead, methylmercury, polychlorinated biphenyls [PCBs], arsenic, and toluene) are recognised causes of neurodevelopmental disorders and subclinical brain dysfunction. Exposure to these chemicals during early fetal development can cause brain injury at doses much lower than those affecting adult brain function. Recognition of these risks has led to evidence-based programmes of prevention, such as elimination of lead additives in petrol. Although these prevention campaigns are highly successful, most were initiated only after substantial delays. Another 200 chemicals are known to cause clinical neurotoxic effects in adults. Despite an absence of systematic testing, many additional chemicals have been shown to be neurotoxic in laboratory models. The toxic effects of such chemicals in the developing human brain are not known and they are not regulated to protect children. The two main impediments to prevention of neurodevelopmental deficits of chemical origin are the great gaps in testing chemicals for developmental neurotoxicity and the high level of proof required for regulation. New, precautionary approaches that recognise the unique vulnerability of the developing brain are needed for testing and control of chemicals.
C1 Harvard Univ, Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Environm Hlth, Boston, MA 02215 USA.
Univ So Denmark, Inst Publ Hlth, Odense, Denmark.
Mt Sinai Sch Med, Dept Community Med, New York, NY USA.
Mt Sinai Sch Med, Dept Pediat, New York, NY USA.
RP Grandjean, P (reprint author), Harvard Univ, Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Environm Hlth, Landmark Ctr 3E-110,401 Park Dr, Boston, MA 02215 USA.
EM pgrand@hsph.harvard.edu
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NR 110
TC 588
Z9 603
PU LANCET LTD
PI LONDON
PA 84 THEOBALDS RD, LONDON WC1X 8RR, ENGLAND
SN 0140-6736
J9 LANCET
JI Lancet
PD DEC 16
PY 2006
VL 368
IS 9553
BP 2167
EP 2178
DI 10.1016/S0140-6736(06)69665-7
PG 12
WC Medicine, General & Internal
SC General & Internal Medicine
GA 117EZ
UT WOS:000242856900025
PM 17174709
ER
PT J
AU Ramoz, N
Cai, GQ
Reichert, JG
Corwin, TE
Kryzak, LA
Smith, CJ
Silverman, JM
Hollander, E
Buxbaum, JD
AF Ramoz, Nicolas
Cai, Guiqing
Reichert, Jennifer G.
Corwin, Thomas E.
Kryzak, Lauren A.
Smith, Christopher J.
Silverman, Jeremy M.
Hollander, Eric
Buxbaum, Joseph D.
TI Family-based association study of TPH1 and TPH2 polymorphisms in autism
SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF MEDICAL GENETICS PART B-NEUROPSYCHIATRIC GENETICS
LA English
DT Article
DE autistic disorder; obsessive-compulsive behaviors; serotonin;
tryptophan-hydroxylase; transmission
ID TRYPTOPHAN-HYDROXYLASE ISOFORM; PERVASIVE DEVELOPMENTAL DISORDERS;
OBSESSIVE-COMPULSIVE BEHAVIORS; WHOLE-BLOOD SEROTONIN; RECEPTOR GENE;
1ST-DEGREE RELATIVES; SPECTRUM DISORDERS; HAPLOTYPE ANALYSIS; ADOLESCENT
AUTISM; LINKAGE ANALYSIS
AB The TPH1 and TPH2 genes encode the rate-limiting enzymes that control serotonin biosynthesis, and serotonin is clearly altered in autism. In the current study, eight SNPs in the TPH1 gene region and eight SNPs within the TPH2 gene were examined by family-based association tests in a large cohort of 352 families with autism and in clinically defined subsets of these families with either severe obsessive-compulsive behaviors (sOCB) or self-stimulatory behaviors (SSB). We found no evidence for association between autism and single SNPs or haplotypes of the TPH1 and TPH2 genes in the cohort of all families or in the sOCB and SSB subsets. In particular, we failed to replicate the association between autism and variants of the TPH2 gene, rs4341581 (TRANSMIT P=1; PDT P=0.323; FBAT P=0.446) and rs;11179000 (TRANSMIT P=0.174; PDT P=0.293; FBAT P=0.374). Furthermore, no evidence for linkage was observed between autism and SNPs in the TPH1 and TPH2 genes (although linkage at the TPH2 locus was observed in the SSB subset). Thus, it appears unlikely that the TPH1 and TPH2 genes play a significant role in the susceptibility to autism or to autism endophenotypes including sOCB and SSB. (c) 2006 Wiley-Liss, Inc.
C1 Mt Sinai Sch Med, Lab Mol Neuropsychiat, Dept Psychiat, New York, NY 10029 USA.
Mt Sinai Sch Med, Seaver Autism Res Ctr, New York, NY 10029 USA.
Mt Sinai Sch Med, Dept Neurosci, New York, NY 10029 USA.
Mt Sinai Sch Med, Dept Geriatr & Adult Dev, New York, NY 10029 USA.
RP Buxbaum, JD (reprint author), Mt Sinai Sch Med, Lab Mol Neuropsychiat, Dept Psychiat, 1 Gustave L Levy Pl,Box 1668, New York, NY 10029 USA.
EM Joseph.Buxbaum@mssm.edu
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NR 46
TC 17
Z9 17
PU WILEY-LISS
PI HOBOKEN
PA DIV JOHN WILEY & SONS INC, 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN, NJ 07030 USA
SN 1552-4841
J9 AM J MED GENET B
JI Am. J. Med. Genet. B
PD DEC 5
PY 2006
VL 141B
IS 8
BP 861
EP 867
DI 10.1002/ajmg.b.30356
PG 7
WC Genetics & Heredity; Psychiatry
SC Genetics & Heredity; Psychiatry
GA 112SD
UT WOS:000242546400005
PM 16958027
ER
PT J
AU James, SJ
Melnyk, S
Jernigan, S
Cleves, MA
Halsted, CH
Wong, DH
Cutler, P
Bock, K
Boris, M
Bradstreet, JJ
Baker, SM
Gaylor, DW
AF James, S. Jill
Melnyk, Stepan
Jernigan, Stefanie
Cleves, Mario A.
Halsted, Charles H.
Wong, Donna H.
Cutler, Paul
Bock, Kenneth
Boris, Marvin
Bradstreet, J. Jeffrey
Baker, Sidney M.
Gaylor, David W.
TI Metabolic endophenotype and related genotypes are associated with
oxidative stress in children with autism
SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF MEDICAL GENETICS PART B-NEUROPSYCHIATRIC GENETICS
LA English
DT Article
DE autism; oxidative stress; genotype; glutathione; methionine
ID NEURAL-TUBE DEFECTS; HOMOCYSTEINE METABOLISM; GLUTATHIONE SYNTHESIS;
DOWN-SYNDROME; NEURODEGENERATIVE DISORDERS; S-ADENOSYLHOMOCYSTEINE;
GENETIC-POLYMORPHISM; PLASMA HOMOCYSTEINE; CEREBROSPINAL-FLUID;
LIPID-PEROXIDATION
AB Autism is a behaviorally defined neurodevelopmental disorder usually diagnosed in early childhood that is characterized by impairment in reciprocal communication and speech, repetitive behaviors, and social withdrawal. Although both genetic and environmental factors are thought to be involved, none have been reproducibly identified. The metabolic phenotype of an individual reflects the influence of endogenous and exogenous factors on genotype. As such, it provides a window through which the interactive impact of genes and environment may be viewed and relevant susceptibility factors identified. Although abnormal methionine metabolism has been associated with other neurologic disorders, these pathways and related polymorphisms have not been evaluated in autistic children. Plasma levels of metabolites in methionine transmethylation and transsulfuration pathways were measured in 80 autistic and 73 control children. In addition, common polymorphic variants known to modulate these metabolic pathways were evaluated in 360 autistic children and 205 controls. The metabolic results indicated that plasma methionine and the ratio of S-adenosylmethionine (SAM) to S-adenosylhomocysteine (SAH), an indicator of methylation capacity, were significantly decreased in the autistic children relative to age-matched controls. In addition, plasma levels of cysteine, glutathione, and the ratio of reduced to oxidized glutathione, an indication of antioxidant capacity and redox homeostasis, were significantly decreased. Differences in allele frequency and/or significant gene-gene interactions were found for relevant genes encoding the reduced folate carrier (RFC 80G > A), transcobalamin II (TCN2 776G > C), catechol-O-methyltransferase (COMT 472G > A), methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase (MTHFR 677C > T and 1298A > C), and glutathione-S-transferase (GST M1). We propose that an increased vulnerability to oxidative stress (endogenous or environmental) may contribute to the development and clinical manifestations of autism. (c) 2006 Wiley-Liss, Inc.
C1 Univ Arkansas Med Sci, Arkansas Childrens Hosp, Dept Pediat, Res Inst, Little Rock, AR 72202 USA.
Univ Calif Davis, Genome & Biomed Sci Facil, Davis, CA 95616 USA.
Rhinebeck Hlth Ctr, New York, NY USA.
Int Child Dev Resource Ctr, Melbourne, FL USA.
Univ Arkansas Med Sci, Dept Biostat, Little Rock, AR 72205 USA.
RP James, SJ (reprint author), Univ Arkansas Med Sci, Arkansas Childrens Hosp, Dept Pediat, Res Inst, 1120 Marshall St,Slot 512-40B, Little Rock, AR 72202 USA.
EM jamesjill@uams.edu
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NR 82
TC 193
Z9 199
PU WILEY-LISS
PI HOBOKEN
PA DIV JOHN WILEY & SONS INC, 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN, NJ 07030 USA
SN 1552-4841
J9 AM J MED GENET B
JI Am. J. Med. Genet. B
PD DEC 5
PY 2006
VL 141B
IS 8
BP 947
EP 956
DI 10.1002/ajmg.b.30366
PG 10
WC Genetics & Heredity; Psychiatry
SC Genetics & Heredity; Psychiatry
GA 112SD
UT WOS:000242546400021
PM 16917939
ER
PT J
AU De Ferrari, GV
Moon, RT
AF De Ferrari, G. V.
Moon, R. T.
TI The ups and downs of Wnt signaling in prevalent neurological disorders
SO ONCOGENE
LA English
DT Review
DE Wnt signaling; autism; schizophrenia; Alzheimer's disease;
apolipoprotein E; genetic variation
ID GLYCOGEN-SYNTHASE KINASE-3-BETA; ONSET ALZHEIMERS-DISEASE;
AUTISM-SPECTRUM-DISORDER; FETAL VALPROATE SYNDROME; SINGLE NUCLEOTIDE
POLYMORPHISM; HOMEOBOX-TRANSCRIPTION-FACTOR; AMYLOID PRECURSOR PROTEIN;
HUMAN FRIZZLED-3 FZD3; FULL GENOME SCREEN; ALPHA-T-CATENIN
AB In order to function properly, the brain must be wired correctly during critical periods in early development. Mistakes in this process are hypothesized to occur in disorders like autism and schizophrenia. Later in life, signaling pathways are essential in maintaining proper communication between neuronal and non-neuronal cells, and disrupting this balance may result in disorders like Alzheimer's disease. The Wnt/beta-catenin pathway has a well-established role in cancer. Here, we review recent evidence showing the involvement of Wnt/beta-catenin signaling in neurodevelopment as well as in neurodegenerative diseases. We suggest that the onset/development of such pathological conditions may involve the additive effect of genetic variation within Wnt signaling components and of molecules that modulate the activity of this signaling cascade.
C1 Univ Washington, Sch Med, Howard Hughes Med Inst, Dept Pharmacol, Seattle, WA 98115 USA.
Univ Washington, Sch Med, Inst Stem Cell & Regenerat Med, Seattle, WA 98115 USA.
Univ Concepcion, Fac Ciencias Biol, Dept Bioquim & Biol Mol, Concepcion, Chile.
RP De Ferrari, GV (reprint author), Univ Washington, Sch Med, Howard Hughes Med Inst, Dept Pharmacol, Seattle, WA 98115 USA.
EM gdeferrari@udec.cl; rtmoon@u.washington.edu
RI Moon, Randall/B-1743-2014
OI Moon, Randall/0000-0002-9352-1408
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NR 164
TC 117
Z9 118
PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP
PI LONDON
PA MACMILLAN BUILDING, 4 CRINAN ST, LONDON N1 9XW, ENGLAND
SN 0950-9232
J9 ONCOGENE
JI Oncogene
PD DEC 4
PY 2006
VL 25
IS 57
BP 7545
EP 7553
DI 10.1038/sj.onc.1210064
PG 9
WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Oncology; Cell Biology; Genetics &
Heredity
SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Oncology; Cell Biology; Genetics &
Heredity
GA 112GX
UT WOS:000242514900013
PM 17143299
ER
PT J
AU Brune, CW
Kim, SJ
Salt, J
Leventhal, BL
Lord, C
Cook, EH
AF Brune, Camille W.
Kim, Soo-Jeong
Salt, Jeff
Leventhal, Bennett L.
Lord, Catherine
Cook, Edwin H., Jr.
TI 5-HTTLPR genotype-specific phenotype in children and adolescents with
autism
SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PSYCHIATRY
LA English
DT Article
ID SEROTONIN TRANSPORTER GENE; DIAGNOSTIC OBSERVATION SCHEDULE; DEFICIT
HYPERACTIVITY DISORDER; PROMOTER REGION POLYMORPHISM; RIGID-COMPULSIVE
BEHAVIORS; PERSONALITY-TRAITS; MULTIPLEX FAMILIES; SYMPTOM DOMAINS;
DOUBLE-BLIND; ASSOCIATION
AB Objective: The serotonin transporter gene (SLC6A4) is a strong autism candidate gene because of its association with anxiety, aggression and attention, and the effectiveness of selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) in treating certain behavioral symptoms. In families with individuals with autism, several reports of biased transmission of both alleles (short, long) at the serotonin transporter gene promotor polymorphism (5-HTTLPR) locus of SLC6A4 now exist. The heterogeneity in these reports may be due to clinical heterogeneity. The authors hypothesized that 5-HTTLPR genotypes would be related to variation in specific symptoms in children with autism.
Method: The authors explored whether variants of two functional polymorphisms of SLC6A4 (5-HTTLPR, intron 2 variable number tandem repeat [ 2 VNTR]) were related to behavioral characteristics measured by the Autism Diagnostic Interview-Revised and Autism Diagnostic Observation Schedule. Subjects (N = 73, age 3 -19 years old) met diagnostic criteria for autistic disorder based on both measures.
Results: Evidence of genotype-phenotype interactions on the Autism Diagnostic Interview-Revised was found with the 5-HTTLPR short group of HTTLPR (S/ L or S/ S genotypes) being rated as more severe on the subdomain "failure to use nonverbal communication to regulate social interaction," and the long group (L/ L genotype) being more severe on the subdomain "stereotyped and repetitive motor mannerisms" and on an aggression measure. In contrast, on the Autism Diagnostic Observation Schedule, the long group was associated with greater severity on directed facial expressions and unusual sensory interests. There were no significant relationships between the intron 2 VNTR genotypes and subdomains or domains of symptoms on the Autism Diagnostic Interview-Revised or the Autism Diagnostic Observation Schedule. Conclusions: These findings provide initial support for genotype-specific phenotypes for 5-HTTLPR in autism based on ratings from the Autism Diagnostic Interview-Revised and Autism Diagnostic Observation Schedule.
C1 Univ Illinois, Dept Psychiat, Inst Juvenile Res, Chicago, IL 60612 USA.
Univ Florida, Dept Psychiat, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA.
Univ Michigan, Austism & Commun Disorders Ctr, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA.
RP Cook, EH (reprint author), Univ Illinois, Dept Psychiat, Inst Juvenile Res, MC 747,1747 W Roosevelt Rd,Rm 155, Chicago, IL 60612 USA.
EM ecook@psych.uic.edu
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NR 40
TC 81
Z9 84
PU AMER PSYCHIATRIC PUBLISHING, INC
PI ARLINGTON
PA 1000 WILSON BOULEVARD, STE 1825, ARLINGTON, VA 22209-3901 USA
SN 0002-953X
J9 AM J PSYCHIAT
JI Am. J. Psychiat.
PD DEC
PY 2006
VL 163
IS 12
BP 2148
EP 2156
DI 10.1176/appi.ajp.163.12.2148
PG 9
WC Psychiatry
SC Psychiatry
GA 113VL
UT WOS:000242626000022
PM 17151167
ER
PT J
AU Cascio, C
Styner, M
Smith, RG
Poe, MD
Gerig, G
Hazlett, HC
Jomier, M
Bammer, R
Piven, J
AF Cascio, Carissa
Styner, Martin
Smith, Rachel G.
Poe, Michele D.
Gerig, Guido
Hazlett, Heather C.
Jomier, Matthieu
Bammer, Roland
Piven, Joseph
TI Reduced relationship to cortical white matter volume revealed by
tractography-based segmentation of the corpus callosum in young children
with developmental delay
SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PSYCHIATRY
LA English
DT Article
ID WILLIAMS-SYNDROME; MRI; MORPHOLOGY; CHILDHOOD; AUTISM; SIZE; ADOLESCENCE
AB Objective: The corpus callosum is the primary anatomical substrate for interhemispheric communication, which is important for a range of adaptive and cognitive behaviors in early development. Previous studies that have measured the corpus callosum in developmental populations have been limited by the use of rather arbitrary methods of subdividing the corpus callosum. The purpose of this study was to measure the corpus callosum in a clinical group of developmentally delayed children using a subdivision that more accurately reflected the anatomical properties of the corpus callosum.
Method: The authors applied tractography to subdivide the corpus callosum into regions corresponding to the cortical regions to and from which its fibers travel in a clinical group of very young children with developmental delay, a precursor to general mental retardation, in comparison with typically developing children.
Results: The data demonstrate that the midsagittal area of the entire corpus callosum is reduced in children presenting with developmental delay, reflected in the smaller area of each of the fiber-based callosal subdivisions. In addition, while the area of each subdivision was strongly and significantly correlated with the corresponding cortical white matter volume in comparison subjects, this correlation was prominently absent in the developmentally delayed group.
Conclusions: A fiber-based subdivision successfully separates lobar regions of the corpus callosum, and the areas of these regions distinguish a developmentally delayed clinical group from the comparison group. This distinction was evident both in the area measurements themselves and in their correlation to the white matter volumes of the corresponding cortical lobes.
C1 Univ N Carolina, Dept Psychiat, Chapel Hill, NC 27599 USA.
RP Piven, J (reprint author), Univ N Carolina, Dept Psychiat, CB 3367, Chapel Hill, NC 27599 USA.
EM joe_piven@med.unc.edu
RI Poe, Michele/K-6615-2012
OI Poe, Michele/0000-0001-9693-3638
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NR 24
TC 12
Z9 12
PU AMER PSYCHIATRIC PUBLISHING, INC
PI ARLINGTON
PA 1000 WILSON BOULEVARD, STE 1825, ARLINGTON, VA 22209-3901 USA
SN 0002-953X
J9 AM J PSYCHIAT
JI Am. J. Psychiat.
PD DEC
PY 2006
VL 163
IS 12
BP 2157
EP 2163
DI 10.1176/appi.ajp.163.12.2157
PG 7
WC Psychiatry
SC Psychiatry
GA 113VL
UT WOS:000242626000023
PM 17151168
ER
PT J
AU Page, LA
Daly, E
Schmitz, N
Simmons, A
Toal, F
Deeley, Q
Ambery, F
McAlonan, GM
Murphy, KC
Murphy, DGM
AF Page, Lisa A.
Daly, Eileen
Schmitz, Nicole
Simmons, Andrew
Toal, Fiona
Deeley, Quinton
Ambery, Fiona
McAlonan, Grainne M.
Murphy, Kieran C.
Murphy, Declan G. M.
TI In vivo H-1-magnetic resonance spectroscopy study of
amygdala-hippocampal and parietal regions in autism
SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PSYCHIATRY
LA English
DT Article; Proceedings Paper
CT 4th International Meeting for Autism Research
CY MAY 06-07, 2005
CL Boston, MA
ID GLUTAMATE-RECEPTOR-6 GENE; ASSOCIATION; LINKAGE; BRAIN
AB Objective: The neural basis for autistic spectrum disorders is unclear, but abnormalities in the development of limbic areas and of glutamate have been suggested. Proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy (H-1-MRS) can be used to measure the concentration of brain metabolites. However, the concentration of glutamate/glutamine in brain regions implicated in autistic spectrum disorders has not yet been examined in vivo.
Method: The authors used 1H-MRS to investigate the neuronal integrity of the amygdala-hippocampal complex and a parietal control region in adults with autistic spectrum disorders and healthy subjects.
Results: People with autistic spectrum disorders had a significantly higher concentration of glutamate/glutamine and creatine/phosphocreatine in the amygdala-hippocampal region but not in the parietal region.
Conclusions: Abnormalities in glutamate/glutamine may partially underpin the pathophysiology of autistic spectrum disorders, and the authors confirm earlier reports that limbic areas are metabolically aberrant in these disorders.
C1 Inst Psychiat, Div Psychol Med, Sect Brain Maturat, London SE5 8AF, England.
Leiden Univ, Med Ctr, Dept Radiol, Leiden, Netherlands.
Inst Psychiat, Neuroimaging Res Grp, London, England.
Royal Coll Surgeons Ireland, Beaumont Hosp, Dublin 2, Ireland.
Univ Hong Kong, Dept Psychiat, Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Peoples R China.
RP Murphy, KC (reprint author), Inst Psychiat, Div Psychol Med, Sect Brain Maturat, POB 50,De Crespigny Pk, Denmark Hill, London SE5 8AF, England.
EM sphadgm@iop.kcl.ac.uk
RI Schmitz, Nicole /F-9471-2011; daly, eileen/B-6716-2011; Murphy,
Kieran/D-3577-2012; Simmons, Andrew/B-8848-2008
OI Schmitz, Nicole /0000-0003-4178-4756; Simmons,
Andrew/0000-0003-2306-5811
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NR 13
TC 71
Z9 76
PU AMER PSYCHIATRIC PUBLISHING, INC
PI ARLINGTON
PA 1000 WILSON BOULEVARD, STE 1825, ARLINGTON, VA 22209-3901 USA
SN 0002-953X
J9 AM J PSYCHIAT
JI Am. J. Psychiat.
PD DEC
PY 2006
VL 163
IS 12
BP 2189
EP 2192
DI 10.1176/appi.ajp.163.12.2189
PG 4
WC Psychiatry
SC Psychiatry
GA 113VL
UT WOS:000242626000030
PM 17151175
ER
PT J
AU Blakemore, SJ
AF Blakemore, Sarah-Jayne
TI Essays in social neuroscience
SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PSYCHOLOGY
LA English
DT Book Review
ID NEURAL BASIS; PREFRONTAL CORTEX; MENTAL STATES; COOPERATION; COGNITION;
PREMOTOR; EMPATHY; AUTISM; TOUCH; PAIN
C1 UCL, Inst Cognit Neurosci, London WC1N 3AR, England.
RP Blakemore, SJ (reprint author), UCL, Inst Cognit Neurosci, 17 Queen Sq, London WC1N 3AR, England.
EM s.blakemore@ucl.ac.uk
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NR 22
TC 0
Z9 0
PU UNIV ILLINOIS PRESS
PI CHAMPAIGN
PA 1325 S OAK ST, CHAMPAIGN, IL 61820-6903 USA
SN 0002-9556
J9 AM J PSYCHOL
JI Am. J. Psychol.
PD WIN
PY 2006
VL 119
IS 4
BP 659
EP 664
PG 6
WC Psychology, Multidisciplinary
SC Psychology
GA 123SF
UT WOS:000243315200007
ER
PT J
AU Spikins, P
AF Spikins, Penny
TI The secret history of emotion: From Aristotle rhetoric to modern brain
science.
SO ANTIQUITY
LA English
DT Book Review
ID AUTISM
C1 Univ York, Dept Archaeol, York YO10 5DD, N Yorkshire, England.
RP Spikins, P (reprint author), Univ York, Dept Archaeol, York YO10 5DD, N Yorkshire, England.
CR Baron-Cohen S, 2004, J AUTISM DEV DISORD, V34, P163, DOI 10.1023/B:JADD.0000022607.19833.00
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Gross Daniel M., 2006, SECRET HIST EMOTION
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NR 8
TC 0
Z9 0
PU ANTIQUITY
PI YORK
PA KINGS MANOR, YORK YO1 7EP, ENGLAND
SN 0003-598X
J9 ANTIQUITY
JI Antiquity
PD DEC
PY 2006
VL 80
IS 310
BP 1008
EP 1009
PG 2
WC Anthropology; Archaeology
SC Anthropology; Archaeology
GA 127UO
UT WOS:000243612000024
ER
PT J
AU Sinha, Y
Silove, N
Wheeler, D
Williams, K
AF Sinha, Y.
Silove, N.
Wheeler, D.
Williams, K.
TI Auditory integration training and other sound therapies for autism
spectrum disorders: a systematic review
SO ARCHIVES OF DISEASE IN CHILDHOOD
LA English
DT Review
ID CHILDREN
AB Objectives: To determine the effectiveness of auditory integration training (AIT) or other methods of sound therapy in people with autism spectrum disorders (ASD).
Study design: A systematic review was carried out of randomised controlled trials (RCTs) of adults or children with ASD. Meta-analysis was attempted.
Results: Six RCTs of AIT, including one crossover trial, were identified, with a total of 171 participants aged 3 - 39 years. 17 different outcome measures were used, with only two outcome measures used by three or more studies. Meta-analysis was not possible owing to very high heterogeneity or presentation of data in unusable forms. Three studies did not show any benefit of AIT over control conditions. Three studies reported improvements at 3 months in the AIT group for total mean scores of the Aberrant Behaviour Checklist (ABC), which is of questionable validity. Of these, one study also reported improvements at 3 months in the AIT group for ABC subgroup scores. No significant adverse effects of AIT were reported.
Conclusion: At present there is not sufficient evidence to support its use.
C1 Childrens Hosp, Ctr Kidney Res, Child Dev Unit, Westmead, NSW 2145, Australia.
Childrens Hosp, Dept Gen Paediat, Clin Epidemiol Unit, Westmead, NSW 2145, Australia.
Childrens Hosp, Cochrane Child Hlth Field, Westmead, NSW 2145, Australia.
RP Sinha, Y (reprint author), Childrens Hosp, Ctr Kidney Res, Child Dev Unit, Locked Bag 4001, Westmead, NSW 2145, Australia.
EM yashwans@chw.edu.au
RI Williams, Katrina/B-6828-2015
OI Williams, Katrina/0000-0002-1686-4458
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NR 30
TC 16
Z9 22
PU B M J PUBLISHING GROUP
PI LONDON
PA BRITISH MED ASSOC HOUSE, TAVISTOCK SQUARE, LONDON WC1H 9JR, ENGLAND
SN 0003-9888
J9 ARCH DIS CHILD
JI Arch. Dis. Child.
PD DEC
PY 2006
VL 91
IS 12
BP 1018
EP 1022
DI 10.1136/adc.2006.094649
PG 5
WC Pediatrics
SC Pediatrics
GA 108BO
UT WOS:000242215400018
PM 16887860
ER
PT J
AU Nacewicz, BM
Dalton, KM
Johnstone, T
Long, MT
McAuliff, EM
Oakes, TR
Alexander, AL
Davidson, RJ
AF Nacewicz, Brendon M.
Dalton, Kim M.
Johnstone, Tom
Long, Micah T.
McAuliff, Emelia M.
Oakes, Terrence R.
Alexander, Andrew L.
Davidson, Richard J.
TI Amygdala volume and nonverbal social impairment in adolescent and adult
males with autism
SO ARCHIVES OF GENERAL PSYCHIATRY
LA English
DT Article; Proceedings Paper
CT 4th International Meeting for Autism Research
CY MAY 06-07, 2005
CL Boston, MA
ID PERVASIVE DEVELOPMENTAL DISORDERS; RECURRENT MAJOR DEPRESSION; SPECTRUM
DISORDERS; CHILDREN; RECOGNITION; BRAIN; MRI; HIPPOCAMPUS; DAMAGE;
INDIVIDUALS
AB Background: Autism is a syndrome of unknown cause, marked by abnormal development of social behavior. Attempts to link pathological features of the amygdala, which plays a key role in emotional processing, to autism have shown little consensus.
Objective: To evaluate amygdala volume in individuals with autism spectrum disorders and its relationship to laboratory measures of social behavior to examine whether variations in amygdala structure relate to symptom severity.
Design: We conducted 2 cross-sectional studies of amygdala volume, measured blind to diagnosis on high-resolution, anatomical magnetic resonance images. Participants were 54 males aged 8 to 25 years, including 23 with autism and 5 with Asperger syndrome or pervasive developmental disorder not otherwise specified, recruited and evaluated at an academic center for developmental disabilities and 26 age- and sex-matched community volunteers. The Autism Diagnostic Interview-Revised was used to confirm diagnoses and to validate relationships with laboratory measures of social function.
Main Outcome Measures: Amygdala volume, judgment of facial expressions, and eye tracking. Results: In study 1, individuals with autism who had small amygdalae were slowest to distinguish emotional from neutral expressions (P=.02) and showed least fixation of eye regions (P=.04). These same individuals were most socially impaired in early childhood, as reported on the Autism Diagnostic Interview-Revised (P <.04). Study 2 showed smaller amygdalae in individuals with autism than in control subjects (P=.03) and group differences in the relation between amygdala volume and age. Study 2 also replicated findings of more gaze avoidance and childhood impairment in participants with autism with the smallest amygdalae. Across the combined sample, severity of social deficits interacted with age to predict different patterns of amygdala development in autism (P=.047).
Conclusions: These findings best support a model of amygdala hyperactivity that could explain most volumetric findings in autism. Further psychophysiological and histopathological studies are indicated to confirm these findings.
C1 Univ Wisconsin, Waisman Ctr, Waisman Lab Brain Imaging & Behav, Madison, WI 53705 USA.
Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys Med, Madison, WI 53705 USA.
Univ Wisconsin, Dept Psychiat, Madison, WI 53705 USA.
Univ Wisconsin, Dept Psychol, Madison, WI 53706 USA.
RP Davidson, RJ (reprint author), Univ Wisconsin, Waisman Ctr, Waisman Lab Brain Imaging & Behav, 1500 Highland Ave, Madison, WI 53705 USA.
EM rjdavids@wisc.edu
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NR 50
TC 124
Z9 126
PU AMER MEDICAL ASSOC
PI CHICAGO
PA 515 N STATE ST, CHICAGO, IL 60610-0946 USA
SN 0003-990X
J9 ARCH GEN PSYCHIAT
JI Arch. Gen. Psychiatry
PD DEC
PY 2006
VL 63
IS 12
BP 1417
EP 1428
DI 10.1001/archpsyc.63.12.1417
PG 12
WC Psychiatry
SC Psychiatry
GA 111YU
UT WOS:000242492600012
PM 17146016
ER
PT J
AU Wilkinson, KM
Rosenquist, C
AF Wilkinson, Krista M.
Rosenquist, Celia
TI Demonstration of a method for assessing semantic organization and
category membership in individuals with autism spectrum disorders and
receptive vocabulary limitations
SO AUGMENTATIVE AND ALTERNATIVE COMMUNICATION
LA English
DT Article
DE AAC display design; mental retardation; matching to sample (MTS)
ID STIMULUS-CONTROL; DISABILITIES; VERIFICATION
AB A recognized challenge in the field of augmentative and alternative communication (AAC) is the assessment of the individual skills and preferences of potential users of AAC. Particularly in cognitive assessment, many traditional methods are inappropriate because they require the participant to produce a verbal response and/or involve complex verbal instructions. For individuals with limited verbal forms of language, failure at such tasks is relatively uninstructive, either for revealing their functional intellectual status or for developing effective interventions. This paper presents a demonstration of a method developed to evaluate category structure and, thus, semantic organization in individuals with limited verbal skills concomitant to autism spectrum disorder. This method offers a promising tool for assessing clients for AAC. Further potential uses of this method, both clinically and in research, are discussed.
C1 Emerson Coll, Boston, MA 02116 USA.
Univ Massachusetts, Sch Med, Waltham, MA USA.
RP Wilkinson, KM (reprint author), Emerson Coll, 120 Boylston St, Boston, MA 02116 USA.
EM Krista_Wilkinson@emerson.edu
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NR 28
TC 6
Z9 6
PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD
PI ABINGDON
PA 4 PARK SQUARE, MILTON PARK, ABINGDON OX14 4RN, OXON, ENGLAND
SN 0743-4618
J9 AUGMENT ALTERN COMM
JI Augment. Altern. Commun.
PD DEC
PY 2006
VL 22
IS 4
BP 242
EP 257
DI 10.1080/07434610600650375
PG 16
WC Audiology & Speech-Language Pathology; Rehabilitation
SC Audiology & Speech-Language Pathology; Rehabilitation
GA 127KG
UT WOS:000243584000002
PM 17127613
ER
PT J
AU Rutherford, MD
AF Rutherford, M. D.
TI Rituals are rational for the imperfect experimentalist
SO BEHAVIORAL AND BRAIN SCIENCES
LA English
DT Editorial Material
ID CHILDREN; AUTISM
AB Humans are, by design, imperfect experimentalists. The cost of testing each step of a process exceeds the benefit of knowing which steps can be eliminated. To an outsider who knows which steps are superfluous, the actors appear superstitious, even ridiculous. Nonetheless, the exact duplication of all steps is rational for the imperfect experimentalist. The case of ritual in autism illustrates this point.
C1 McMaster Univ, Dept Psychol Neurosci & Behav, Hamilton, ON L8S 4K1, Canada.
RP Rutherford, MD (reprint author), McMaster Univ, Dept Psychol Neurosci & Behav, Hamilton, ON L8S 4K1, Canada.
EM rutherm@mcmaster.ca
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NR 5
TC 0
Z9 0
PU CAMBRIDGE UNIV PRESS
PI NEW YORK
PA 32 AVENUE OF THE AMERICAS, NEW YORK, NY 10013-2473 USA
SN 0140-525X
J9 BEHAV BRAIN SCI
JI Behav. Brain Sci.
PD DEC
PY 2006
VL 29
IS 6
BP 628
EP +
DI 10.1017/S0140525X06009496
PG 12
WC Psychology, Biological; Behavioral Sciences; Neurosciences
SC Psychology; Behavioral Sciences; Neurosciences & Neurology
GA 142UU
UT WOS:000244676500038
ER
PT J
AU Boyer, P
Lienard, P
AF Boyer, Pascal
Lienard, Pierre
TI Precaution systems and ritualized behavior
SO BEHAVIORAL AND BRAIN SCIENCES
LA English
DT Editorial Material
ID OBSESSIVE-COMPULSIVE DISORDER; AUTISM SPECTRUM DISORDERS; BRAIN;
DYSFUNCTION; ACTIVATION; CHILDREN; MIND
AB In reply to commentary on our target article, we supply further evidence and hypotheses in the description of ritualized behaviors in humans. Reactions to indirect fitness threats probably activate specialized precaution systems rather than a unified form of danger-avoidance or causal reasoning. Impairment of precaution systems may be present in pathologies other than obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD), autism in particular. Ritualized bebavior is attention-grabbing enough to be culturally transmitted whether or not it is associated with group identity, cohesion, or with any other social aspect of collective ceremonies.
C1 Washington Univ, Dept Psychol, St Louis, MO 63130 USA.
Washington Univ, Dept Anthropol, St Louis, MO 63130 USA.
RP Boyer, P (reprint author), Washington Univ, Dept Psychol, St Louis, MO 63130 USA.
EM pboyer@artscl.wustl.edu; pllenard@artsci.wustl.edu
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NR 39
TC 9
Z9 9
PU CAMBRIDGE UNIV PRESS
PI NEW YORK
PA 32 AVENUE OF THE AMERICAS, NEW YORK, NY 10013-2473 USA
SN 0140-525X
J9 BEHAV BRAIN SCI
JI Behav. Brain Sci.
PD DEC
PY 2006
VL 29
IS 6
BP 635
EP 650
DI 10.1017/S0140525X06009575
PG 16
WC Psychology, Biological; Behavioral Sciences; Neurosciences
SC Psychology; Behavioral Sciences; Neurosciences & Neurology
GA 142UU
UT WOS:000244676500046
ER
PT J
AU Moon, J
Beaudin, AE
Verosky, S
Driscoll, LL
Weiskopf, M
Levitsky, DA
Crnic, LS
Strupp, BJ
AF Moon, J.
Beaudin, A. E.
Verosky, S.
Driscoll, L. L.
Weiskopf, M.
Levitsky, D. A.
Crnic, L. S.
Strupp, B. J.
TI Attentional dysfunction, impulsivity, and resistance to change in a
mouse model of fragile X syndrome
SO BEHAVIORAL NEUROSCIENCE
LA English
DT Article; Proceedings Paper
CT 35th Annual Meeting of the Society-for-Neuroscience
CY NOV 12-16, 2005
CL Washington, DC
SP Soc Neurosci
DE fragile X syndrome; Fmr1 mouse; attention; autism; error monitoring
ID PRENATAL COCAINE EXPOSURE; FMR1 KNOCKOUT MOUSE; IMPAIRED SUSTAINED
ATTENTION; MENTAL-RETARDATION; ANIMAL-MODEL; YOUNG MALES; MICE;
PHENOTYPE; PERFORMANCE; BEHAVIOR
AB On a series of attention tasks, male mice with a mutation targeted to the fragile X mental retardation 1 (Fmr1) gene (Fmr1 knockout [KO] mice) committed a higher rate of premature responses than wild-type littermates, with the largest differences seen when task contingencies changed. This finding indicates impaired inhibitory control, particularly during times of stress or arousal. The KO mice also committed a higher rate of inaccurate responses than controls, particularly during the final third of each daily test session, indicating impaired sustained attention. In the selective attention task, the unpredictable presentation of potent olfactory distractors produced a generalized disruption in the performance of the KO mice, whereas for controls, the disruption produced by the distractors was temporally limited. Finally, the attentional disruption seen following an error was more pronounced for the KO mice than for controls, further implicating impaired regulation of arousal and/or negative affect. The present study provides the first evidence that the Fmr1 KO mouse is impaired in inhibitory control, attention, and arousal regulation, hallmark areas of dysfunction in fragile X syndrome. The resistance to change also seen in these mice provides a behavioral index for studying the autistic features of this disorder.
C1 Cornell Univ, Div Nutr Sci, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA.
Cornell Univ, Dept Psychol, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA.
Univ Colorado, Hlth Sci Ctr, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
RP Strupp, BJ (reprint author), Cornell Univ, Div Nutr Sci, 109 Savage Hall, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA.
EM bjs13@cornell.edu
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NR 70
TC 41
Z9 43
PU AMER PSYCHOLOGICAL ASSOC/EDUCATIONAL PUBLISHING FOUNDATION
PI WASHINGTON
PA 750 FIRST ST NE, WASHINGTON, DC 20002-4242 USA
SN 0735-7044
J9 BEHAV NEUROSCI
JI Behav. Neurosci.
PD DEC
PY 2006
VL 120
IS 6
BP 1367
EP 1379
DI 10.1037/0735-7044.120.6.1367
PG 13
WC Behavioral Sciences; Neurosciences
SC Behavioral Sciences; Neurosciences & Neurology
GA 116SM
UT WOS:000242822600022
PM 17201482
ER
PT J
AU Kwasnicka-Crawford, DA
Carson, AR
Scherer, SW
AF Kwasnicka-Crawford, Dorota A.
Carson, Andrew R.
Scherer, Stephen W.
TI IQCJ-SCHIP1, a novel fusion transcript encoding a calmodulin-binding IQ
motif protein
SO BIOCHEMICAL AND BIOPHYSICAL RESEARCH COMMUNICATIONS
LA English
DT Article
DE paracentric inversion; schwannomin interacting protein;
neurofibromatosis type 2; language disorder; autism; calmodulin
ID LANGUAGE-ASSOCIATION CORTEX; BRAIN ABNORMALITIES; GENE-EXPRESSION; HUMAN
GENOME; AUTISM; GAP-43; CELLS; IDENTIFICATION; NEUROMODULIN; NEUROGRANIN
AB The existence of transcripts that span two adjacent, independent genes is considered rare in the human genome. This study characterizes a novel human fusion gene named IQCJ-SCHIP1. IQCJ-SCHIP1 is the longest isoform of a complex transcriptional unit that bridges two separate genes that encode distinct proteins, IQCJ, a novel IQ motif containing protein and SCHIP1, a schwannomin interacting protein that has been previously shown to interact with the Neurofibromatosis type 2 (NF2) protein. IQCJ-SCHIP1 is located on the chromosome 3q25 and comprises a 1692-bp transcript encompassing 11 exons spanning 828 kb of the genomic DNA. We show that IQCJ-SCHIP1 mRNA is highly expressed in the brain. Protein encoded by the IQCJ-SCHIP1 gene was localized to cytoplasm and actin-rich regions and in differentiated PC12 cells was also seen in neurite extensions. (c) 2006 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
C1 Hosp Sick Children, Dept Genet, Toronto, ON M5G 1X8, Canada.
Hosp Sick Children, Dept Genom Biol, Toronto, ON M5G 1X8, Canada.
Univ Toronto, Dept Mol & Med Genet, Toronto, ON, Canada.
York Univ, Dept Kinesiol & Hlth Sci, Fac Hlth, Norman Bethune Coll 364, N York, ON M3J 1P3, Canada.
RP Kwasnicka-Crawford, DA (reprint author), Hosp Sick Children, Dept Genet, 555 Univ Ave, Toronto, ON M5G 1X8, Canada.
EM dakc@yorku.ca
RI Howe, Jennifer/I-9013-2012; Scherer, Stephen /B-3785-2013
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NR 34
TC 4
Z9 4
PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE
PI SAN DIEGO
PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA
SN 0006-291X
J9 BIOCHEM BIOPH RES CO
JI Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun.
PD DEC 1
PY 2006
VL 350
IS 4
BP 890
EP 899
DI 10.1016/j.bbrc.2006.09.136
PG 10
WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biophysics
SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biophysics
GA 100TD
UT WOS:000241690800013
PM 17045569
ER
PT J
AU Andrieux, A
Salin, P
Schweitzer, A
Begou, M
Pachoud, B
Brun, P
Gory-Faure, S
Kujala, P
Suaud-Chagny, MF
Hofle, G
Job, D
AF Andrieux, Annie
Salin, Paul
Schweitzer, Annie
Begou, Melina
Pachoud, Bastien
Brun, Philippe
Gory-Faure, Sylvie
Kujala, Pekka
Suaud-Chagny, Marie-Francoise
Hoefle, Gerhard
Job, Didier
TI Microtubule stabilizer ameliorates synaptic function and behavior in a
mouse model for schizophrenia
SO BIOLOGICAL PSYCHIATRY
LA English
DT Article
DE epothilone; microtubule; schizophrenia; STOP protein; synaptic
plasticity
ID ACTIN CYTOSKELETON; ANTITUMOR AGENT; STOP PROTEINS; AUTISM; GENES;
MUTATION; MICE; PATHOPHYSIOLOGY; NEUREGULIN-1; NEUROLIGINS
AB Background: Recent data suggest that cytoskeletal defects may play a role in schizophrenia. We previously imitated features of schizophrenia in an animal model by disrupting gene coding for a microtubule-associated protein called STOP. STOP-null mice display synaptic defects in glutamatergic neurons, byper-dopaminergy, and severe behavioral disorders. Synaptic and behavioral deficits are amended by neuroleptic treatment in STOP-null mice, providing an attractive model to test new antipsychotic agents. We examined the effects of a taxol-related microtubule stabilizer, epothilone D.
Methods. Mice were treated either with vehicle alone or with epothilone D. Treatment effects on synaptic function were assessed using electron-microscopy quantification of synaptic vesicle pools and electrophysiology in the CA 1 region of the hippocampus, Dopamine transmission was investigated using electrochemical assays. Behavior was principally assessed using tests of maternal skills.
Results: In STOP-null mice, treatment with epothilone D increased synaptic vesicle pools, ameliorated both short- and long-term forms of synaptic plasticity in glutamatergic neurons, and had a dramatic beneficial effect on mouse behavior.
Conclusions: A microtubule stabilizer can have a beneficial effect on synaptic function and behavior, suggesting new possibilities,for treatment of schizophrenia.
C1 CEA Grenoble, INSERM, Lab Cytosquelette, U366,Dept Reponse & Dynam Cellulaire, F-38054 Grenoble, France.
Fac Med Laennec, CNRS, UMR5167, Lyon, France.
UCBL, Lab Neuropharmacol & Neurochim, INSERM, Inst Fed Neurosci Lyon, Lyon, France.
Netherlands Canc Inst, Amsterdam, Netherlands.
German Res Ctr Biotechnol, Braunschweig, Germany.
RP Andrieux, A (reprint author), CEA Grenoble, INSERM, Lab Cytosquelette, U366,Dept Reponse & Dynam Cellulaire, 17 Rue Martyrs, F-38054 Grenoble, France.
EM annie.andrieux@cea.fr
RI Andrieux, Annie/H-6837-2012
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NR 36
TC 39
Z9 40
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC
PI NEW YORK
PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA
SN 0006-3223
J9 BIOL PSYCHIAT
JI Biol. Psychiatry
PD DEC 1
PY 2006
VL 60
IS 11
BP 1224
EP 1230
DI 10.1016/j.biopsych.2006.03.048
PG 7
WC Neurosciences; Psychiatry
SC Neurosciences & Neurology; Psychiatry
GA 108ZW
UT WOS:000242278700008
PM 16806091
ER
PT J
AU Molnar, MJ
Bencsik, P
AF Molnar, Maria J.
Bencsik, Peter
TI Establishing a neurological-psychiatric biobank: Banking, informatics,
ethics
SO CELLULAR IMMUNOLOGY
LA English
DT Article; Proceedings Paper
CT International Conference of Immunogenomics and Immunomics
CY OCT 08-12, 2006
CL Budapest, HUNGARY
DE neurology; psychiatry; biobanking; database
ID GENETICS
AB The recent development of genetic databases and biobanks in a number of countries reflects scientist's beliefs in the future health benefits to be derived from genetic research. The NEPSYBANK is a national program of the Hungarian Clinical Neurogenetic Society with comprehensive participation of the Neurology and Psychiatry Departments of Medical Universities and the National Institute of Psychiatry and Neurology. The NEPSYBANK forms a part of the national biobank project (www.biobank.hu). The goal is to establish nationwide collaboration and common biobanking standards on quality, access, and protection of integrity in the field of neurology and psychiatry. Biological materials and databases are already collected in stroke, epilepsy, multiple sclerosis, motoneuron diseases, dementia, movement disorders, schizophrenia, and alcohol addiction. In peripheral neuropathies, neuropathic pain syndromes, muscle diseases, migraine, myasthenia gravis, depression, panic disease, anxiety, autism, and software development is in progress. The resources have been expanded by continued prospective collection of samples and data and important bottlenecks in sample purification, sample retrieval, in protection of the integrity of the research participants, as well as in guaranteeing the security and confidentiality of the participant's information have been harmonized. The development of uniform consent management, comprehensive sample overview and quality standards for health care-related biobanking may provide a unique opportunity for Hungary in molecular clinically oriented research. The program is a diseased-based research biobank with comprehensive collection of phenotypic and environmental information as well as biobanking of DNA, RNA or buffy coat, plasma, and erythrocytes stored at -80 degrees C. The biobank has a neuro pathological part as well: storing conventional pathology and biopsy specimens. The analytical and informational demands being created by biobanking requires a "connectivity of community" that has not traditionally been present in the life sciences. As you put more resources into something, your silos tend to become taller, and we need to avoid this. The life science and healthcare community should be ignored working in individual "silos." (c) 2007 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
C1 Natl Inst Psychiat & Neurol, H-1021 Budapest, Hungary.
Semmelweis Univ, Dept Pediat 1, Budapest, Hungary.
RP Molnar, MJ (reprint author), Natl Inst Psychiat & Neurol, Huvosvolgyi Str 116, H-1021 Budapest, Hungary.
EM molnarm@opni.hu
CR Calkins ME, 2007, SCHIZOPHRENIA BULL, V33, P33, DOI 10.1093/schbul/sbl044
Corrigan Oonagh P, 2006, Stud Hist Philos Biol Biomed Sci, V37, P550, DOI 10.1016/j.shpsc.2006.06.004
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NR 8
TC 13
Z9 16
PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE
PI SAN DIEGO
PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA
SN 0008-8749
J9 CELL IMMUNOL
JI Cell. Immunol.
PD DEC
PY 2006
VL 244
IS 2
BP 101
EP 104
DI 10.1016/j.cellimm.2007.02.013
PG 4
WC Cell Biology; Immunology
SC Cell Biology; Immunology
GA 172AO
UT WOS:000246776700007
PM 17448454
ER
PT J
AU Liu, XC
Hubbard, JA
Fabes, RA
Adam, JB
AF Liu, Xianchen
Hubbard, Julie A.
Fabes, Richard A.
Adam, James B.
TI Sleep disturbances and correlates of children with autism spectrum
disorders
SO CHILD PSYCHIATRY & HUMAN DEVELOPMENT
LA English
DT Article
DE autistic spectrum disorder; sleep patterns; sleep problems; risk factors
ID SCHOOL-AGED CHILDREN; PREVALENCE; PATTERNS; BEHAVIOR; HABITS
AB This study examined sleep patterns, sleep problems, and their correlates in children with autism spectrum disorders (ASD). Subjects consisted of 167 ASD children, including 108 with autistic disorder, 27 with Asperger's syndrome, and 32 with other diagnoses of ASD. Mean age was 8.8 years (SD = 4.2), 86% were boys. Parents completed a self-administered child sleep questionnaire. Results showed that average night sleep duration was 8.9 h (SD = 1.8), 16% of children shared a bed with parent. About 86% of children had at least one sleep problem almost every day, including 54% with bedtime resistance, 56% with insomnia, 53% with parasomnias, 25% with sleep disordered breathing, 45% with morning rise problems, and 31% with daytime sleepiness. Multivariate logistic regression analyses indicated that younger age, hypersensitivity, co-sleeping, epilepsy, attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), asthma, bedtime ritual, medication use, and family history of sleep problems were related to sleep problems. Comorbid epilepsy, insomnia, and parasomnias were associated with increased risk for daytime sleepiness. Results suggest that both dyssomnias and parasomnias are very prevalent in children with ASD. Although multiple child and family factors are associated with sleep problems, other comorbid disorders of autism may play a major role.
C1 Univ Pittsburgh, Sch Med, Dept Psychiat, Pittsburgh, PA 15213 USA.
Arizona State Univ, Dept Family & Human Dev, Tempe, AZ 85287 USA.
Arizona State Univ, Dept Chem & Mat Engn, Tempe, AZ 85257 USA.
RP Liu, XC (reprint author), Univ Pittsburgh, Sch Med, Dept Psychiat, 134 Webster Hall, Pittsburgh, PA 15213 USA.
EM xcliu@pitt.edu
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NR 28
TC 60
Z9 64
PU SPRINGER
PI NEW YORK
PA 233 SPRING STREET, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA
SN 0009-398X
J9 CHILD PSYCHIAT HUM D
JI Child Psychiat. Hum. Dev.
PD WIN
PY 2006
VL 37
IS 2
BP 179
EP 191
DI 10.1007/s10578-006-0028-3
PG 13
WC Psychology, Developmental; Pediatrics; Psychiatry
SC Psychology; Pediatrics; Psychiatry
GA 098XX
UT WOS:000241558200006
PM 17001527
ER
PT J
AU Brookman-Frazee, L
Stahmer, A
Baker-Ericzen, MJ
Tsai, K
AF Brookman-Frazee, Lauren
Stahmer, Aubyn
Baker-Ericzen, Mary J.
Tsai, Katherine
TI Parenting interventions for children with autism spectrum and disruptive
behavior disorders: Opportunities for cross-fertilization
SO CLINICAL CHILD AND FAMILY PSYCHOLOGY REVIEW
LA English
DT Review
DE autism spectrum disorders; disruptive behavior disorders; parent
education; parent training; treatment
ID ONSET CONDUCT PROBLEMS; PERVASIVE DEVELOPMENTAL DISORDERS; HEAD-START
CHILDREN; INTERACTION THERAPY; FOLLOW-UP; YOUNG-CHILDREN;
ANTISOCIAL-BEHAVIOR; TREATING CHILDREN; TRAINING-PROGRAM; LANGUAGE
DELAYS
AB Empirical support exists for parent training/education (PT/PE) interventions for children with disruptive behavior disorders (DBD) and autism spectrum disorders (ASD). While the models share common roots, current approaches have largely developed independently and the research findings have been disseminated in two different literature traditions: mental health and developmental disabilities. Given that these populations often have overlapping clinical needs and are likely to receive services in similar settings, efforts to integrate the knowledge gained in the disparate literature may be beneficial. This article provides a systematic overview of the current (1995-2005) empirical research on PT/PE for children with DBD and ASD; attending to factors for cross-fertilization. Twenty-two ASD and 38 DBD studies were coded for review. Literature was compared in three main areas: (1) research methodology, (2) focus of PT/PE intervention, and (3) PT/PE procedures. There was no overlap in publication outlets between the studies for the two populations. Results indicate that there are opportunities for cross-fertilization in the areas of (1) research methodology, (2) intervention targets, and (3) format of parenting interventions. The practical implications of integrating these two highly related areas of research are identified and discussed.
C1 CASRC, San Diego, CA 92123 USA.
Univ Calif San Diego, Dept Psychiat, San Diego, CA USA.
Rady Childrens Hosp, San Diego, CA USA.
RP Brookman-Frazee, L (reprint author), CASRC, 3020 Childrens Way MC 5033, San Diego, CA 92123 USA.
EM lbrookman@casrc.org
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NR 136
TC 29
Z9 29
PU SPRINGER/PLENUM PUBLISHERS
PI NEW YORK
PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA
SN 1096-4037
J9 CLIN CHILD FAM PSYCH
JI Clin. Child Fam. Psychol. Rev.
PD DEC
PY 2006
VL 9
IS 3-4
BP 181
EP 200
DI 10.1007/s10567-006-0010-4
PG 20
WC Psychology, Clinical
SC Psychology
GA 114YI
UT WOS:000242701200003
PM 17053963
ER
PT J
AU Serretti, A
Calati, R
Mandelli, L
De Ronchi, D
AF Serretti, Alessandro
Calati, Raffaella
Mandelli, Laura
De Ronchi, Diana
TI Serotonin transporter gene variants and behavior: A comprehensive review
SO CURRENT DRUG TARGETS
LA English
DT Review
DE serotonin transporter; phenotype; complex disorder; genetics; psychiatry
ID ANTIDEPRESSANT-INDUCED MANIA; REGULATORY REGION POLYMORPHISM;
OBSESSIVE-COMPULSIVE DISORDER; TRYPTOPHAN-HYDROXYLASE GENE;
ANXIETY-RELATED TRAITS; POSITRON-EMISSION-TOMOGRAPHY; FAMILY-BASED
ASSOCIATION; STRESSFUL LIFE EVENTS; FUNCTIONAL POLYMORPHISM; PROMOTER
POLYMORPHISM
AB The serotonin system modulates affective, cognitive and behavioral processes. A key molecular structure of this system, the serotonin transporter (SERT) gene, has been associated with many human behaviors, both normal and pathological. This article aim is a comprehensive overview of the human behavioral features influenced by SERT gene variants and to suggest some comprehensive hypotheses.
In particular, the SERTPR insertion/deletion polymorphism has been related to hippocampal volume and amygdala response and it has been found to influence anxiety-related personality traits and anxiety disorders; in mood disorders it showed some influences on age at onset, periodicity, illness recurrence, rapid cycling, antidepressants response and depressive reaction to stressful life events. Psychosomatic disorders, suicide, alcoholism, smoking, eating disorders, attention deficit hyperactivity disorders and autism have been also found to be related to SERTPR variants.
SERT gene variants seem therefore to modulate a wide range of aspects in both normal and affected individuals, many of which are possibly due to indirect correlations between such human features.
C1 Univ Bologna, Inst Psychiat, I-40123 Bologna, Italy.
RP Serretti, A (reprint author), Univ Bologna, Inst Psychiat, Viale Carlo Pepoli 5, I-40123 Bologna, Italy.
EM alessandro.serretti@unibo.it
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NR 185
TC 132
Z9 138
PU BENTHAM SCIENCE PUBL LTD
PI SHARJAH
PA EXECUTIVE STE Y26, PO BOX 7917, SAIF ZONE, 1200 BR SHARJAH, U ARAB
EMIRATES
SN 1389-4501
J9 CURR DRUG TARGETS
JI Curr. Drug Targets
PD DEC
PY 2006
VL 7
IS 12
BP 1659
EP 1669
DI 10.2174/138945006779025419
PG 11
WC Pharmacology & Pharmacy
SC Pharmacology & Pharmacy
GA 110ZF
UT WOS:000242419400012
PM 17168841
ER
PT J
AU Iriki, A
AF Iriki, Atsushi
TI The neural origins and implications of limitation, mirror neurons and
tool use
SO CURRENT OPINION IN NEUROBIOLOGY
LA English
DT Review
ID OF-BODY EXPERIENCE; SOCIAL COGNITION; JAPANESE MONKEYS; IMITATION;
OTHERS; CORTEX; MECHANISMS; LANGUAGE; AUTISM; APES
AB Several recent studies report how laboratory-raised, non-human primates exposed to tool use can exhibit intelligent behaviors, such as imitation and reference vocal control, that are never seen in their wild counterparts. Tool-use training appears to forge a novel cortico-cortical connection that underlies this boost in capacity, which normally exists only as latent potential in lower primates. Although tool-use training is patently non-naturalistic, its marked effects on brain organization and behavior could shed light on the evolution of higher intelligence in humans.
C1 RIKEN, Brain Sci Inst, Lab Symbol Cognit Dev, Wako, Saitama 3510198, Japan.
RP Iriki, A (reprint author), RIKEN, Brain Sci Inst, Lab Symbol Cognit Dev, 2-1 Hirosawa, Wako, Saitama 3510198, Japan.
EM iriki@brain.riken.jp
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NR 51
TC 42
Z9 45
PU CURRENT BIOLOGY LTD
PI LONDON
PA 84 THEOBALDS RD, LONDON WC1X 8RR, ENGLAND
SN 0959-4388
J9 CURR OPIN NEUROBIOL
JI Curr. Opin. Neurobiol.
PD DEC
PY 2006
VL 16
IS 6
BP 660
EP 667
DI 10.1016/j.conb.2006.10.008
PG 8
WC Neurosciences
SC Neurosciences & Neurology
GA 119NP
UT WOS:000243019300009
PM 17085039
ER
PT J
AU Ben-Chaim, HM
Josman, N
Friedrich, S
Weiss, PL
AF Ben-Chaim, Hadass Milika
Josman, Naomi
Friedrich, Shula
Weiss, Patrice L. (Tamar)
TI Virtual reality for teaching street-crossing skills to children with
autism
SO CYBERPSYCHOLOGY & BEHAVIOR
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
C1 Univ Haifa, Dept Occupat Therapy, Lab Innovat Rehabil Technol, IL-31999 Haifa, Israel.
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
PU MARY ANN LIEBERT INC
PI NEW ROCHELLE
PA 140 HUGUENOT STREET, 3RD FL, NEW ROCHELLE, NY 10801 USA
SN 1094-9313
J9 CYBERPSYCHOL BEHAV
JI CyberPsychol. Behav.
PD DEC
PY 2006
VL 9
IS 6
BP 657
EP 658
PG 2
WC Communication; Psychology, Applied
SC Communication; Psychology
GA 120TL
UT WOS:000243108800011
ER
PT J
AU Gal, E
Goren-Bar, D
Bauminger, N
Stock, O
Weiss, PLT
AF Gal, E.
Goren-Bar, D.
Bauminger, N.
Stock, O.
Weiss, P. L. T.
TI Pilot study of enforced collaboration during computerized storytelling
to enhance social communication of children with high-functioning autism
SO CYBERPSYCHOLOGY & BEHAVIOR
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
C1 Univ Haifa, LIRT, Har Hakarmel, Israel.
EM egal@univ.haifa.ac.il
NR 0
TC 1
Z9 1
PU MARY ANN LIEBERT INC
PI NEW ROCHELLE
PA 140 HUGUENOT STREET, 3RD FL, NEW ROCHELLE, NY 10801 USA
SN 1094-9313
J9 CYBERPSYCHOL BEHAV
JI CyberPsychol. Behav.
PD DEC
PY 2006
VL 9
IS 6
BP 674
EP 675
PG 2
WC Communication; Psychology, Applied
SC Communication; Psychology
GA 120TL
UT WOS:000243108800039
ER
PT J
AU Grynszpan, O
Martin, JC
Nadel, J
AF Grynszpan, Ouriel
Martin, Jean-Claude
Nadel, Jacqueline
TI Exploratory investigations of multimedia human computer interfaces for
autism
SO CYBERPSYCHOLOGY & BEHAVIOR
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
C1 CNRS, LIMSI, F-91405 Orsay, France.
Univ Paris 08, THIM, St Denis, France.
EM ouriel@limsi.fr
CR American Psychiatric Association, 1994, DIAGN STAT MAN MENT, V4th
Russell J., 1996, AGENCY ITS ROLE MENT
NR 2
TC 0
Z9 0
PU MARY ANN LIEBERT INC
PI NEW ROCHELLE
PA 140 HUGUENOT STREET, 3RD FL, NEW ROCHELLE, NY 10801 USA
SN 1094-9313
J9 CYBERPSYCHOL BEHAV
JI CyberPsychol. Behav.
PD DEC
PY 2006
VL 9
IS 6
BP 677
EP 678
PG 2
WC Communication; Psychology, Applied
SC Communication; Psychology
GA 120TL
UT WOS:000243108800044
ER
PT J
AU Trepagnier, CY
Sebrechts, MM
Finkelmeyer, A
Stewart, W
Woodford, J
AF Trepagnier, Cheryl Y.
Sebrechts, Marc M.
Finkelmeyer, Andreas
Stewart, Willie, Jr.
Woodford, Jordana
TI Acceptance of a virtual social environment by pre-schoolers with autism
spectrum disorder
SO CYBERPSYCHOLOGY & BEHAVIOR
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
C1 Catholic Univ Amer, Washington, DC 20064 USA.
EM trepagnier@cua.edu
NR 0
TC 3
Z9 3
PU MARY ANN LIEBERT INC
PI NEW ROCHELLE
PA 140 HUGUENOT STREET, 3RD FL, NEW ROCHELLE, NY 10801 USA
SN 1094-9313
J9 CYBERPSYCHOL BEHAV
JI CyberPsychol. Behav.
PD DEC
PY 2006
VL 9
IS 6
BP 723
EP 723
PG 1
WC Communication; Psychology, Applied
SC Communication; Psychology
GA 120TL
UT WOS:000243108800119
ER
PT J
AU Pellicano, E
Maybery, M
Durkin, K
Maley, A
AF Pellicano, E
Maybery, M
Durkin, K
Maley, A
TI Multiple cognitive capabilities/deficits in children with an autism
spectrum disorder: "Weak" central coherence and its relationship to
theory of mind and executive control
SO DEVELOPMENT AND PSYCHOPATHOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
ID HIGH-FUNCTIONING AUTISM; DEVELOPMENTAL DISORDERS; VERBAL-ABILITY;
INDIVIDUALS; PERFORMANCE; ATTENTION; ADULTS; PRESCHOOLERS; IMPAIRMENTS;
ADOLESCENTS
AB This study examined the validity of "weak" central coherence (CC) in the context of multiple cognitive capabilities/deficits in autism. Children with an autism spectrum disorder (ASD) and matched typically developing children were administered tasks tapping visuospatial coherence, false-belief understanding and aspects of executive control. Significant group differences were found in all three cognitive domains. Evidence of local processing on coherence tasks was widespread in the ASD group, but difficulties in attributing false beliefs and in component,,. of executive functioning were present in fewer of the children with ASD. This cognitive profile was generally similar for younger and older children with ASD. Furthermore, weak CC was unrelated to false-belief understanding, but aspects of coherence (related to integration) were associated with aspects of executive control. Few associations were found between cognitive variables and indices of autistic symptomatology. Implications for CC theory are discussed.
C1 Univ Oxford, Pk Hosp Children, Sect Child & Adolescent Psychiat, Oxford OX3 7LQ, England.
Univ Western Australia, Nedlands, WA 6009, Australia.
Univ Strathclyde, Glasgow G1 1XQ, Lanark, Scotland.
RP Pellicano, E (reprint author), Univ Oxford, Pk Hosp Children, Sect Child & Adolescent Psychiat, Old Rd, Oxford OX3 7LQ, England.
EM liz.pellicano@psych.ox.ac.uk
RI Maybery, Murray/H-5390-2014
CR American Psychiatric Association, 1994, DIAGN STAT MAN MENT, V4th
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NR 69
TC 71
Z9 72
PU CAMBRIDGE UNIV PRESS
PI NEW YORK
PA 40 WEST 20TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10011-4211 USA
SN 0954-5794
J9 DEV PSYCHOPATHOL
JI Dev. Psychopathol.
PD WIN
PY 2006
VL 18
IS 1
BP 77
EP 98
DI 10.1017/S0954579406060056
PG 22
WC Psychology, Developmental
SC Psychology
GA 019ZA
UT WOS:000235876100005
PM 16478553
ER
PT J
AU Campbell, R
Lawrence, K
Mandy, W
Mitra, C
Jeyakuma, L
Skuse, D
AF Campbell, R
Lawrence, K
Mandy, W
Mitra, C
Jeyakuma, L
Skuse, D
TI Meanings in motion and faces: Developmental associations between the
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accuracy
SO DEVELOPMENT AND PSYCHOPATHOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
ID ASPERGER-SYNDROME; EYE-GAZE; AUTISTIC INDIVIDUALS; FUNCTIONING AUTISM;
MENTAL STATES; PERCEPTION; CHILDREN; MIND; RECOGNITION; BRAIN
AB Aspects of face processing, on the one hand, and theory of mind (ToM) tasks, on the other hand, show specific impairment in autism. We aimed to discover whether a correlation between tasks tapping these abilities was evident in typically developing children at two developmental stages. One hundred fifty-four normal children (6-8 years and 16-18 years) and 13 high-IQ autistic children (11-17 years) were tested on a range of face-processing and IQ tasks, and a ToM test based oil the attribution of intentional movement to abstract shapes in a cartoon. By midchildhood, the ability accurately and spontaneously to infer the locus of attention of a face with direct or averted gaze was specifically associated with the ability to describe geometrical animations using mental state terms. Other face-processing and animation descriptions failed to show the association. Autistic adolescents were impaired at both gaze processing and ToM descriptions. using these tests. Mentalizing and gaze perception accuracy are associated in typically developing children and adolescents. The findings are congruent with the possibility that common neural Circuitry underlies, at least in part, processing implicated in these tasks. They are also congruent with the possibility that autism may lie at one end of a developmental continuum with respect to these skills, and to the factor(s) underpinning them.
C1 UCL, Dept Human Commun Sci, London WC1 N1PF, England.
Inst Child Hlth, London, England.
RP Campbell, R (reprint author), UCL, Dept Human Commun Sci, London WC1 N1PF, England.
EM r.campbell@ucl.ac.uk
RI Campbell, Ruth/K-5934-2012
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NR 70
TC 35
Z9 35
PU CAMBRIDGE UNIV PRESS
PI NEW YORK
PA 32 AVENUE OF THE AMERICAS, NEW YORK, NY 10013-2473 USA
SN 0954-5794
J9 DEV PSYCHOPATHOL
JI Dev. Psychopathol.
PD WIN
PY 2006
VL 18
IS 1
BP 99
EP 118
DI 10.1017/S0954579406060068
PG 20
WC Psychology, Developmental
SC Psychology
GA 019ZA
UT WOS:000235876100006
PM 16478554
ER
PT J
AU de Bruin, EI
Verheij, F
Wiegman, T
Ferdinand, RF
AF de Bruin, Esther I.
Verheij, Fop
Wiegman, T.
Ferdinand, Robert F.
TI Differences in finger length ratio between males with autism, pervasive
developmental disorder-not otherwise specified, ADHD, and anxiety
disorders
SO DEVELOPMENTAL MEDICINE AND CHILD NEUROLOGY
LA English
DT Article
ID 4TH DIGIT LENGTH; SEXUAL ORIENTATION; 2ND; TESTOSTERONE; PREDICTOR;
SYMPTOMS; LINKAGE; HOXA1; CHILD; MEN
AB Children with autism have a relatively shorter index finger (2D) compared with their ring finger (4D). It is often presumed that the 2D:4D ratio is associated with fetal testosterone levels and that high fetal testosterone levels could play a role in the aetiology of autism. It is unknown whether this effect is specific to autism. In this study, 2D:4D ratios of 144 males aged 6 to 14 years (mean age 9y 1mo [SD 1y 11mo]) with psychiatric disorders were compared with those of 96 males aged 6 to 13 years from the general population (mean age 9y 1mo [SD 1y 10mo]). Psychiatric disorders were divided into autism/Asperger syndrome (n=24), pervasive developmental disorder-not otherwise specified (PDD-NOS; n=26), attention-deficit-hyperactivity disorder (ADHD)/oppositional defiant disorder (ODD; n=68), and anxiety disorders (n=26). Males with autism/Asperger syndrome (p < 0.05) and ADHD/ODD (p < 0.05) had significantly lower (though not significantly; p=0.52) ratios than males with an anxiety disorder, and males with autism/Asperger syndrome had lower ratios than those in the comparison group. These results indicated that higher fetal testosterone levels may play a role, not only in the origin of autism, but also in the aetiology of PDD-NOS and of ADHD/ODD. Males with anxiety disorders might have been exposed to lower prenatal testosterone levels.
C1 Sophia Childrens Univ Hosp, Erasmus Med Ctr Rotterdam, Dept Child & Adolescent Psychiat, NL-3015 Rotterdam, Netherlands.
RP Ferdinand, RF (reprint author), Sophia Childrens Univ Hosp, Erasmus Med Ctr Rotterdam, Dept Child & Adolescent Psychiat, Dr Molewaterpl 60, NL-3015 Rotterdam, Netherlands.
EM r.f.ferdinand@erasmusmc.nl
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NR 27
TC 56
Z9 57
PU CAMBRIDGE UNIV PRESS
PI NEW YORK
PA 32 AVENUE OF THE AMERICAS, NEW YORK, NY 10013-2473 USA
SN 0012-1622
J9 DEV MED CHILD NEUROL
JI Dev. Med. Child Neurol.
PD DEC
PY 2006
VL 48
IS 12
BP 962
EP 965
DI 10.1017/S0012162206002118
PG 4
WC Clinical Neurology; Pediatrics
SC Neurosciences & Neurology; Pediatrics
GA 114LS
UT WOS:000242668300006
PM 17109783
ER
PT J
AU Knickmeyer, RC
Wheelwright, S
Hoekstra, R
Baron-Cohen, S
AF Knickmeyer, Rebecca C.
Wheelwright, Sally
Hoekstra, Rosa
Baron-Cohen, Simon
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SO DEVELOPMENTAL MEDICINE AND CHILD NEUROLOGY
LA English
DT Letter
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Vrije Univ Amsterdam, Dept Biol Psychol, NL-1081 HV Amsterdam, Netherlands.
RP Knickmeyer, RC (reprint author), Univ N Carolina, Neurosci Hosp, Dept Psychiat, Chapel Hill, NC USA.
EM rebecca_knickmeyer@med.unc.edu
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NR 9
TC 25
Z9 26
PU CAMBRIDGE UNIV PRESS
PI NEW YORK
PA 32 AVENUE OF THE AMERICAS, NEW YORK, NY 10013-2473 USA
SN 0012-1622
J9 DEV MED CHILD NEUROL
JI Dev. Med. Child Neurol.
PD DEC
PY 2006
VL 48
IS 12
BP 1007
EP 1008
DI 10.1017/S0012162206222229
PG 2
WC Clinical Neurology; Pediatrics
SC Neurosciences & Neurology; Pediatrics
GA 114LS
UT WOS:000242668300018
PM 17109794
ER
PT J
AU Dosman, CF
Drmic, IE
Brian, JA
Senthilselvan, A
Harford, M
Smith, R
Roberts, SW
AF Dosman, Cara F.
Drmic, Irene E.
Brian, Jessica A.
Senthilselvan, Ambikaipakan
Harford, Mary
Smith, Ryan
Roberts, S. Wendy
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SO DEVELOPMENTAL MEDICINE AND CHILD NEUROLOGY
LA English
DT Letter
C1 Univ Alberta, Glenrose Rehabil Hosp, Edmonton, AB, Canada.
Univ York, Dept Psychol, York YO10 5DD, N Yorkshire, England.
Univ Toronto, Hosp Sick Children, Child Dev Ctr, Toronto, ON, Canada.
Univ Alberta, Dept Publ Hlth Sci, Edmonton, AB, Canada.
RP Dosman, CF (reprint author), Univ Alberta, Glenrose Rehabil Hosp, Edmonton, AB, Canada.
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NR 14
TC 14
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PU CAMBRIDGE UNIV PRESS
PI NEW YORK
PA 32 AVENUE OF THE AMERICAS, NEW YORK, NY 10013-2473 USA
SN 0012-1622
J9 DEV MED CHILD NEUROL
JI Dev. Med. Child Neurol.
PD DEC
PY 2006
VL 48
IS 12
BP 1008
EP 1009
DI 10.1017/S0012162206232225
PG 2
WC Clinical Neurology; Pediatrics
SC Neurosciences & Neurology; Pediatrics
GA 114LS
UT WOS:000242668300019
PM 17109795
ER
PT J
AU Knickmeyer, RC
Baron-Cohen, S
AF Knickmeyer, Rebecca Christine
Baron-Cohen, Simon
TI Fetal testosterone and sex differences
SO EARLY HUMAN DEVELOPMENT
LA English
DT Article; Proceedings Paper
CT Neonatal Update Conference on Science of Newborn Care
CY DEC 06-08, 2006
CL London, ENGLAND
DE testosterone; sex differences
ID PRENATAL TESTOSTERONE; VERBAL-ABILITY; CHILDREN; BEHAVIOR; AUTISM;
DIFFERENTIATION; POPULATION; HORMONE; INFANTS; MIND
AB Experiments in animals leave no doubt that androgens, including testosterone, produced by the testes in fetal and/or neonatal life act on the brain to induce sex differences in neural structure and function. In this article, we argue that prenatal and neonatal testosterone exposure are strong candidates for having a causal role in sexual dimorphism in human behaviour, including social development. (c) 2006 Elsevier Ireland Ltd. All rights reserved.
C1 Univ N Carolina, Dept Psychiat, Neurosci Hosp 7023, Chapel Hill, NC 27599 USA.
Univ Cambridge, Dept Psychiat, Autism Res Ctr, Cambridge CB2 2AH, England.
RP Knickmeyer, RC (reprint author), Univ N Carolina, Dept Psychiat, Neurosci Hosp 7023, CB 7160, Chapel Hill, NC 27599 USA.
EM rebecca_knickmeyer@med.unc.edu
RI Knickmeyer, Rebecca/G-8128-2014
OI Knickmeyer, Rebecca/0000-0001-7708-1388
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NR 42
TC 40
Z9 40
PU ELSEVIER IRELAND LTD
PI CLARE
PA ELSEVIER HOUSE, BROOKVALE PLAZA, EAST PARK SHANNON, CO, CLARE, 00000,
IRELAND
SN 0378-3782
J9 EARLY HUM DEV
JI Early Hum. Dev.
PD DEC
PY 2006
VL 82
IS 12
BP 755
EP 760
DI 10.1016/j.earlhumdev.2006.09.014
PG 6
WC Obstetrics & Gynecology; Pediatrics
SC Obstetrics & Gynecology; Pediatrics
GA 114WP
UT WOS:000242696600002
ER
PT J
AU Starr, EA
Foy, JB
Cramer, KA
Singh, H
AF Starr, Elizabeth A.
Foy, Janis B.
Cramer, Kenneth A.
Singh, Henareet
TI How are schools doing? Parental perceptions of children with autism
spectrum disorders, Down syndrome and learning disabilities: A
comparative analysis
SO EDUCATION AND TRAINING IN DEVELOPMENTAL DISABILITIES
LA English
DT Article
ID PERVASIVE DEVELOPMENTAL DISORDERS; PERSONNEL PREPARATION; MENTAL
DISABILITIES; EDUCATION; STUDENTS
AB Parents of 209 children (162 mates and 46 females) with autism spectrum disorders, Down syndrome or learning disabilities ranging in age from 4 to 21 years were surveyed about their perceptions of the education of their children. Items on the survey were categorized into 7 areas: school personnel's knowledge about the disability, best practices, behavioural concerns, parent/school collaboration, education team, individual education plan, and miscellaneous other items. Group differences were observed on a number of items and in almost every case parents in the learning disabilities group rated the items significantly lower than one or more of the other groups. In addition, numerous items were paired such that parents were asked to rate if a certain educational "best practice" was being utilized with their child and if they felt their child required it. Examination of the paired items indicated many significant differences between what parents felt was being offered their child, and what their child needed to achieve their maximum potential across diagnostic groups. The implications of these and other results are discussed.
C1 Univ Windsor, Fac Educ, Windsor, ON N9B 3P4, Canada.
RP Starr, EA (reprint author), Univ Windsor, Fac Educ, 401 Sunset Ave, Windsor, ON N9B 3P4, Canada.
EM estarr@uwindsor.ca
CR American Psychiatric Association, 1994, DIAGN STAT MAN MENT, V4th
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National Research Council, 2001, ED CHILDR AUT
SIMPSON RL, 1993, REM SPEC EDUC, V14, P7
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TIEN B, 1999, EFFECTIVE TEACHING S
Westling D. L., 1997, FOCUS AUTISM OTHER D, V12, P67
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Wing L, 2005, HDB AUTISM PERVASIVE, V1, P583
NR 26
TC 9
Z9 9
PU COUNCIL EXCEPTIONAL CHILDREN
PI ARLINGTON
PA 1110 N GLEBE RD, ARLINGTON, VA 22201-5704 USA
SN 1547-0350
J9 EDUC TRAIN DEV DISAB
JI Educ. Train. Dev. Disabil.
PD DEC
PY 2006
VL 41
IS 4
BP 315
EP 332
PG 18
WC Education, Special; Rehabilitation
SC Education & Educational Research; Rehabilitation
GA 109HV
UT WOS:000242299700001
ER
PT J
AU Cannella-Malone, H
Sigafoos, J
O'Reilly, M
de la Cruz, B
Edrisinha, C
Lancioni, GE
AF Cannella-Malone, Helen
Sigafoos, Jeff
O'Reilly, Mark
de la Cruz, Berenice
Edrisinha, Chaturi
Lancioni, Giulio E.
TI Comparing video prompting to video modeling for teaching daily living
skills to six adults with developmental disabilities
SO EDUCATION AND TRAINING IN DEVELOPMENTAL DISABILITIES
LA English
DT Article
ID MULTIPLE-TREATMENT INTERFERENCE; ALTERNATING-TREATMENTS DESIGN;
MENTAL-RETARDATION; AUTISM; CHILDREN; TECHNOLOGY; DISORDER; MODERATE
AB We compared two procedures (video prompting versus video modeling) for teaching six adults with developmental disabilities to set a table and put away groceries. Video prompting involved 10 separate video clips, each showing one step of the task analysis. Video modeling involved a single video showing all 10 steps from beginning to end. After watching the respective video clips, participants were given the opportunity to complete the task. Video prompting and video modeling procedures were counter-balanced across tasks and participants and compared in an alternating treatments design. Video prompting was effective in promoting rapid acquisition across both tasks in all but one case. Video modeling, in contrast, was generally shown to be ineffective. These data suggest that the number, duration, and/or Perspective from which the video clips are filmed may influence their effectiveness as a teaching tool for individuals with developmental disabilities.
C1 Ohio State Univ, Sch Phys Act & Educ Serv, Columbus, OH 43210 USA.
Univ Tasmania, Hobart, Tas 7001, Australia.
Univ Texas, Austin, TX 78712 USA.
Univ Bari, I-70121 Bari, Italy.
RP Cannella-Malone, H (reprint author), Ohio State Univ, Sch Phys Act & Educ Serv, 356G Arps Hall,1945 N High St, Columbus, OH 43210 USA.
EM malone.175@osu.edu
RI Malone, Helen/E-3150-2012
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NR 40
TC 64
Z9 64
PU COUNCIL EXCEPTIONAL CHILDREN
PI ARLINGTON
PA 1110 N GLEBE RD, ARLINGTON, VA 22201-5704 USA
SN 1547-0350
J9 EDUC TRAIN DEV DISAB
JI Educ. Train. Dev. Disabil.
PD DEC
PY 2006
VL 41
IS 4
BP 344
EP 356
PG 13
WC Education, Special; Rehabilitation
SC Education & Educational Research; Rehabilitation
GA 109HV
UT WOS:000242299700003
ER
PT J
AU Van Laarhoven, T
Van Laarhoven-Myers, T
AF Van Laarhoven, Toni
Van Laarhoven-Myers, Traci
TI Comparison of three video-based instructional procedures for teaching
daily living skills to persons with developmental disabilities
SO EDUCATION AND TRAINING IN DEVELOPMENTAL DISABILITIES
LA English
DT Article
ID SEVERE MENTAL-RETARDATION; INTELLECTUAL DISABILITIES; SECONDARY
STUDENTS; PURCHASING SKILLS; RETARDED ADULTS; COMPUTER; CHILDREN;
AUTISM; SELF; ACQUISITION
AB This study compared the effectiveness of three different video-based instructional sequences, all used in conjunction with the system of least prompts, for teaching three different daily living skills to three young adults with developmental disabilities. The video-based instructional sequences (i.e., video rehearsal, video rehearsal plus photos, and video-rehearsal plus in-vivo video prompting) were evaluated using an adapted alternating treatments design. Results indicated that all of the procedures were effective in increasing independent responding from baseline levels for all participants with the video-rehearsal plus in vivo prompting (Video/In-vivo) and video rehearsal plus photo (Video/Photo) conditions being more efficient in terms of sessions to reach criterion. Two of the three participants engaged in more independent correct responding when they were taught skills with the Video-In-vivo condition, while the other participant engaged in more independent responding on the target skill when the Video/Photo condition was the instructional procedure. In addition, the skills generalized to untrained settings.
C1 No Illinois Univ, Dept Teaching & Learning, De Kalb, IL 60115 USA.
RP Van Laarhoven, T (reprint author), No Illinois Univ, Dept Teaching & Learning, De Kalb, IL 60115 USA.
EM tvanlaar@niu.edu
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*PINN SYST, 2002, PINN STUD 8 COMP SOF
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Riffel L. A., 2005, Journal of Special Education Technology, V20
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NR 52
TC 30
Z9 30
PU COUNCIL EXCEPTIONAL CHILDREN
PI ARLINGTON
PA 1110 N GLEBE RD, ARLINGTON, VA 22201-5704 USA
SN 1547-0350
J9 EDUC TRAIN DEV DISAB
JI Educ. Train. Dev. Disabil.
PD DEC
PY 2006
VL 41
IS 4
BP 365
EP 381
PG 17
WC Education, Special; Rehabilitation
SC Education & Educational Research; Rehabilitation
GA 109HV
UT WOS:000242299700005
ER
PT J
AU Bjorne, P
Joharisson, B
Balkenius, C
AF Bjorne, P.
Joharisson, B.
Balkenius, C.
TI Effects of early sensorimotor disorder on contextual learning in autism
SO EUROPEAN REVIEW OF APPLIED PSYCHOLOGY-REVUE EUROPEENNE DE PSYCHOLOGIE
APPLIQUEE
LA English
DT Article
DE autism; early development; context learning; attention; inhibition
ID SELECTIVE ATTENTION; INHIBITION; CHILDREN; SCHIZOPHRENIA; DEFICITS;
INFANCY; BRAIN; TASKS
AB Cognitive explanations of autism often involve higher order cognitive functions developing late in childhood, such as theory of mind, executive functions or central coherence. In home videos of infants later diagnosed with autism, children display early signs of developmental disorders, for example impaired sensorimotor functions, attention to social and non-social stimuli and a lack of circadian regulation. We propose that these early signs need to be understood using a framework of context learning. It is also important to understand the role for context understanding in guiding the maturation of behavior. The role for inhibition in context learning as understood within learning theory provides us with helpful tools for this analysis. Our research aim is not to identify and explain early markers for autism, but to understand the cognitive developmental pathway set into rolling by an early impairment. This will help us understand the seemingly unrelated symptoms that define the complex syndrome of autism. (c) 2006 Elsevier Masson SAS. All rights reserved.
C1 Lund Univ, S-22222 Lund, Sweden.
RP Bjorne, P (reprint author), Lund Univ, S-22222 Lund, Sweden.
EM petra.bjorne@lucs.lu.se
CR American Psychiatric Association, 1994, DIAGN STAT MAN MENT, V4th
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NR 31
TC 1
Z9 1
PU ELSEVIER FRANCE-EDITIONS SCIENTIFIQUES MEDICALES ELSEVIER
PI PARIS
PA 23 RUE LINOIS, 75724 PARIS, FRANCE
SN 1162-9088
J9 EUR REV APPL PSYCHOL
JI Eur. Rev. Appl. Psychol.-Rev. Eur. Psychol. Appl.
PD DEC
PY 2006
VL 56
IS 4
BP 247
EP 252
DI 10.1016/j.erap.2005.09.005
PG 6
WC Psychology, Applied
SC Psychology
GA 114WM
UT WOS:000242696300006
ER
PT J
AU [Anonymous]
AF [Anonymous]
TI Increased autism risk in children
SO FORTSCHRITTE DER NEUROLOGIE PSYCHIATRIE
LA German
DT News Item
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
PU GEORG THIEME VERLAG KG
PI STUTTGART
PA RUDIGERSTR 14, D-70469 STUTTGART, GERMANY
SN 0720-4299
EI 1439-3522
J9 FORTSCHR NEUROL PSYC
JI Forschritte Neurol. Psychiatr.
PD DEC
PY 2006
VL 74
IS 12
BP 683
EP 683
PG 1
WC Clinical Neurology; Psychiatry
SC Neurosciences & Neurology; Psychiatry
GA 123LX
UT WOS:000243298500005
ER
PT J
AU Lewandowski, TA
AF Lewandowski, Thomas A.
TI Questions regarding environmental mercury release, special education
rates, and autism disorder: An ecological study of Texas by Palmer et
al.
SO HEALTH & PLACE
LA English
DT Editorial Material
DE mercury; Texas; autism
ID UNITED-STATES
AB Palmer et al. present an analysis in which they look for an association between Toxic Release Inventory (TRI) reporting data for mercury and rates of autism and special education enrollment in Texas. In their analysis, the link between TRI release data and actual mercury exposure is not clear at all, and thus the conclusions drawn from the analysis are questionable. (c) 2005 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
C1 Gradient Corp, Seattle, WA 98101 USA.
RP Lewandowski, TA (reprint author), Gradient Corp, 600 Stewart St,Suite 803, Seattle, WA 98101 USA.
EM tlewandowski@gradientcorp.com
CR Carrington CD, 2002, RISK ANAL, V22, P689, DOI 10.1111/0272-4332.00061
Dabeka R, 2004, FOOD ADDIT CONTAM, V21, P434, DOI 10.1080/02652030410001670184
DEB S, 1994, BRIT J PSYCHIAT, V165, P395, DOI 10.1192/bjp.165.3.395
PALMER RF, 2005, IN PRESS HLTH PLACE
Seigneur C, 2004, ENVIRON SCI TECHNOL, V38, P555, DOI 10.1021/es034109t
NR 5
TC 2
Z9 2
PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND
SN 1353-8292
J9 HEALTH PLACE
JI Health Place
PD DEC
PY 2006
VL 12
IS 4
BP 749
EP 750
DI 10.1016/j.healthplace.2005.10.005
PG 2
WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
GA 067EI
UT WOS:000239284100034
PM 16337825
ER
PT J
AU Palmer, RF
AF Palmer, Raymond F.
TI Response to Thomas A. Lewandowski: Questions regarding environmental
mercury release, special education rates, and autism disorder: an
ecological study of Texas by Palmer et al.
SO HEALTH & PLACE
LA English
DT Letter
EM palmerr@uthscsa.edu
CR Bradstreet JJ, 2003, J AM PHYS SURG, V8, P76
Geier DA, 2004, INT J TOXICOL, V23, P369, DOI 10.1080/10915810490902038
Menounou N, 2003, ARCH ENVIRON CON TOX, V45, P11, DOI 10.1007/s00224-002-2120-4
PALMER RF, 2005, HEALTH PLACE, V12, P83
NR 4
TC 0
Z9 0
PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND
SN 1353-8292
J9 HEALTH PLACE
JI Health Place
PD DEC
PY 2006
VL 12
IS 4
BP 751
EP 752
DI 10.1016/j.healthplace.2005.10.002
PG 2
WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
GA 067EI
UT WOS:000239284100035
ER
PT J
AU [Anonymous]
AF [Anonymous]
TI Engineers and autism
SO IEEE SPECTRUM
LA English
DT Editorial Material
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC
PI PISCATAWAY
PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855-4141 USA
SN 0018-9235
EI 1939-9340
J9 IEEE SPECTRUM
JI IEEE Spectr.
PD DEC
PY 2006
VL 43
IS 12
BP 10
EP 10
PG 1
WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
SC Engineering
GA 116CB
UT WOS:000242779000010
ER
PT J
AU Geschwind, D
AF Geschwind, D.
TI Deciphering complexity in autism genetics: Endophenotypes and pathway
analysis
SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF DEVELOPMENTAL NEUROSCIENCE
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
CT 16th Biennial Meeting of the
International-Society-for-Developmental-Neuroscience
CY AUG 24-28, 2006
CL Banff, CANADA
SP Int Soc Dev Neurosci
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND
SN 0736-5748
J9 INT J DEV NEUROSCI
JI Int. J. Dev. Neurosci.
PD DEC
PY 2006
VL 24
IS 8
BP 474
EP 474
DI 10.1016/j.ijdevneu.2006.09.012
PG 1
WC Developmental Biology; Neurosciences
SC Developmental Biology; Neurosciences & Neurology
GA 128NE
UT WOS:000243663700015
ER
PT J
AU Sebat, J
Lakshmi, B
Troge, J
Martin, C
Spence, S
Ledbetter, D
Gilliam, TC
Ye, K
Geschwind, D
Sutcliffe, J
Wigler, M
AF Sebat, J.
Lakshmi, B.
Troge, J.
Martin, C.
Spence, S.
Ledbetter, D.
Gilliam, T. C.
Ye, K.
Geschwind, D.
Sutcliffe, J.
Wigler, M.
TI High-resolution analysis of genome copy number variation in autism
SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF DEVELOPMENTAL NEUROSCIENCE
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
CT 16th Biennial Meeting of the
International-Society-for-Developmental-Neuroscience
CY AUG 24-28, 2006
CL Banff, CANADA
SP Int Soc Dev Neurosci
C1 Cold Spring Harbor Lab, Cold Spring Harbor, NY USA.
Emory Univ, Sch Med, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA.
Stony Brook Univ, Stony Brook, NY USA.
Calif State Univ Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90032 USA.
Columbia Univ, Ctr Med, New York, NY 10027 USA.
Univ Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637 USA.
Vanderbilt Univ, Nashville, TN USA.
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND
SN 0736-5748
J9 INT J DEV NEUROSCI
JI Int. J. Dev. Neurosci.
PD DEC
PY 2006
VL 24
IS 8
BP 474
EP 474
DI 10.1016/j.ijdevneu.2006.09.013
PG 1
WC Developmental Biology; Neurosciences
SC Developmental Biology; Neurosciences & Neurology
GA 128NE
UT WOS:000243663700016
ER
PT J
AU Buxbaum, JD
Barreto, M
Cai, G
Goldsmith, J
Hollander, E
Ramoz, N
Reichert, J
Sakurai, T
Silverman, J
Smith, C
AF Buxbaum, J. D.
Barreto, M.
Cai, G.
Goldsmith, J.
Hollander, E.
Ramoz, N.
Reichert, J.
Sakurai, T.
Silverman, J.
Smith, C.
TI Linkage and association analysis across an autism susceptibility locus
on chromosome 2q in autism: Functional analysis of AGC1/SLC25A12
SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF DEVELOPMENTAL NEUROSCIENCE
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
CT 16th Biennial Meeting of the
International-Society-for-Developmental-Neuroscience
CY AUG 24-28, 2006
CL Banff, CANADA
SP Int Soc Dev Neurosci
DE myelin; gene; mouse
RI Barreto, Marta/F-5591-2012
OI Barreto, Marta/0000-0001-6464-548X
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND
SN 0736-5748
J9 INT J DEV NEUROSCI
JI Int. J. Dev. Neurosci.
PD DEC
PY 2006
VL 24
IS 8
BP 507
EP 508
DI 10.1016/j.ijdevneu.2006.09.092
PG 2
WC Developmental Biology; Neurosciences
SC Developmental Biology; Neurosciences & Neurology
GA 128NE
UT WOS:000243663700089
ER
PT J
AU Frackowiak, J
Cohen, IL
Jenkins, E
Flory, M
Mazur-Kolecka, B
AF Frackowiak, J.
Cohen, I. L.
Jenkins, E.
Flory, M.
Mazur-Kolecka, B.
TI Formation of neuronal processes in a cell culture model of neuronal
differentiation in autism
SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF DEVELOPMENTAL NEUROSCIENCE
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
CT 16th Biennial Meeting of the
International-Society-for-Developmental-Neuroscience
CY AUG 24-28, 2006
CL Banff, CANADA
SP Int Soc Dev Neurosci
DE autism; neuronal progenitor cells; neuronal processes; cell culture
C1 New York State Inst Basic Res Dev Disabil, New York, NY USA.
NR 0
TC 1
Z9 1
PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND
SN 0736-5748
J9 INT J DEV NEUROSCI
JI Int. J. Dev. Neurosci.
PD DEC
PY 2006
VL 24
IS 8
BP 533
EP 533
DI 10.1016/j.ijdevneu.2006.09.149
PG 1
WC Developmental Biology; Neurosciences
SC Developmental Biology; Neurosciences & Neurology
GA 128NE
UT WOS:000243663700146
ER
PT J
AU Mazur-Kolecka, B
Cohen, IL
Jenkins, EC
Kaczmarski, W
Flory, M
Frackowiak, J
AF Mazur-Kolecka, B.
Cohen, I. L.
Jenkins, E. C.
Kaczmarski, W.
Flory, M.
Frackowiak, J.
TI A new cell culture model to study alterations of early neuronal
development in autism
SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF DEVELOPMENTAL NEUROSCIENCE
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
CT 16th Biennial Meeting of the
International-Society-for-Developmental-Neuroscience
CY AUG 24-28, 2006
CL Banff, CANADA
SP Int Soc Dev Neurosci
DE autism; neuronal progenitor cells; neurogenesis; cell culture
C1 New York State Inst Basic Res Dev Disabil, New York, NY USA.
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND
SN 0736-5748
J9 INT J DEV NEUROSCI
JI Int. J. Dev. Neurosci.
PD DEC
PY 2006
VL 24
IS 8
BP 533
EP 533
DI 10.1016/j.ijdevneu.2006.09.150
PG 1
WC Developmental Biology; Neurosciences
SC Developmental Biology; Neurosciences & Neurology
GA 128NE
UT WOS:000243663700147
ER
PT J
AU Sokol, D
Maloney, B
Kardatzke, D
Chen, D
Lahiri, D
AF Sokol, D.
Maloney, B.
Kardatzke, D.
Chen, D.
Lahiri, D.
TI Role of two Alzheimer's disease protein markers: Amyloid precursor
protein and acetyleholinesterase with aggression in autism
SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF DEVELOPMENTAL NEUROSCIENCE
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
CT 16th Biennial Meeting of the
International-Society-for-Developmental-Neuroscience
CY AUG 24-28, 2006
CL Banff, CANADA
SP Int Soc Dev Neurosci
DE autism; Alzheimers disease; markers
C1 Indiana Univ, Sch Med, Indiana, PA USA.
RI Maloney, Bryan/C-4924-2011
OI Maloney, Bryan/0000-0003-2364-9649
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND
SN 0736-5748
J9 INT J DEV NEUROSCI
JI Int. J. Dev. Neurosci.
PD DEC
PY 2006
VL 24
IS 8
BP 551
EP 551
DI 10.1016/j.ijdevneu.2006.09.190
PG 1
WC Developmental Biology; Neurosciences
SC Developmental Biology; Neurosciences & Neurology
GA 128NE
UT WOS:000243663700187
ER
PT J
AU Rajakumar, B
Chang, J
Rajakumar, R
AF Rajakumar, B.
Chang, J.
Rajakumar, R.
TI Disrupted development of thalamocortical fibres leads to imbalance in
excitation: inhibition ratio in adult cerebral cortex
SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF DEVELOPMENTAL NEUROSCIENCE
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
CT 16th Biennial Meeting of the
International-Society-for-Developmental-Neuroscience
CY AUG 24-28, 2006
CL Banff, CANADA
SP Int Soc Dev Neurosci
DE autism; subplate; GABAergic interneurons; functional domain
C1 Univ Western Ontario, London, ON N6A 3K7, Canada.
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND
SN 0736-5748
J9 INT J DEV NEUROSCI
JI Int. J. Dev. Neurosci.
PD DEC
PY 2006
VL 24
IS 8
BP 592
EP 592
DI 10.1016/j.ijdevneu.2006.09.285
PG 1
WC Developmental Biology; Neurosciences
SC Developmental Biology; Neurosciences & Neurology
GA 128NE
UT WOS:000243663700282
ER
PT J
AU Guo, YQ
AF Guo Yanqing
TI Training parents and professionals to help children with autism in
China: The contribution of behaviour analysis
SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PSYCHOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
AB A training programme is presented with two parts. (1) Professional training is received by graduate students at the Institute for Mental Health of Beijing University, based on the principles of behaviour assessment and modification, radical behaviourism, and applied research methods. (2) Parent training focused oil parents with autistic children. using the behaviour analysis and modification methods. China has between 400,000 and 800,000 children with autism. In comparison to its fast economic growth the development of social welfare and social insurance systems are far behind. Once the child is diagnosed with autism, the parents or the primary caregivers of the child, not the government or the community, take the responsibility for the child's rehabilitation. The diagnosis of autism Was first introduced in China in 1982, and for years the work was based on clinical appearances and diagnosis. The main mission of child psychiatrists was early diagnosis, but there was little change obtained with autistic children. From the year 2000 more people were interested in rehabilitation rather than in diagnosis and medical treatments. Behaviour analysis methods are now extensively used in interventions in children with autism in this Country. There is a great need in China for this kind of work, but there are few professionals with the appropriate scientific knowledge and skills to,work with autistic children, These professionals will help to further develop the area of behaviour analysis in China.
C1 Peking Univ, Inst Mental Hlth, Beijing 100083, Peoples R China.
RP Guo, YQ (reprint author), Peking Univ, Inst Mental Hlth, Beijing 100083, Peoples R China.
EM gyq1201@sohu.com
NR 0
TC 1
Z9 1
PU PSYCHOLOGY PRESS
PI HOVE
PA 27 CHURCH RD, HOVE BN3 2FA, EAST SUSSEX, ENGLAND
SN 0020-7594
J9 INT J PSYCHOL
JI Int. J. Psychol.
PD DEC
PY 2006
VL 41
IS 6
BP 523
EP 526
DI 10.1080/00207590500492575
PG 4
WC Psychology, Multidisciplinary
SC Psychology
GA 121GX
UT WOS:000243147200010
ER
PT J
AU Gena, A
AF Gena, Angeliki
TI The effects of prompting and social reinforcement on establishing social
interactions with peers during the inclusion of four children with
autism in preschool
SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PSYCHOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
ID GENERAL-EDUCATION CLASSROOMS; SEVERE DISABILITIES; YOUNG-CHILDREN;
STUDENTS; SETTINGS; SCHOOL; INTERVENTIONS; MODERATE; SKILLS; INSTRUCTION
AB Inclusion in "regular" schools has become a considerable option for children with autism only in recent years, but we are still far from having a global appreciation of the needs that arise upon the inclusion of children with Such a severe disability. The main purpose of the present Study vas to identify empirically supported procedures that may improve the social interactions of children with autism upon their inclusion in the "regular" preschool. The identification of the needs of preschoolers with autism in Greek schools, as well as the specific skills that Would be taught, were based oil normative data collected and analysed in a series of prior Studies. A long-lasting controversy has been going on between professionals who either advocate For "schools for all children," or stress the importance of making individualized decisions based on each child's needs during the inclusion process. The present study demonstrated that social reinforcement in combination with prompting procedures, provided by a shadow teacher, were effective in increasing the social initiations as well as appropriate responding to peers' initiations of four children with autism during interactions With their classmates in preschool. More importantly, the treatment benefits were obtained in a natural setting, and the initiations and replies were not cliche statements but involved generalized language use appropriate to the social context, and generalized to new therapists.
C1 Natl & Kapodistrian Univ Athens, Athens, Greece.
RP Gena, A (reprint author), Natl & Kapodistrian Univ Athens, Athens, Greece.
EM agena@ath.forthnet.gr
CR AINSCOW M, 1996, 2 NAT CONV SPEC ED G
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ZIGLER E, 1995, ILLUSION FULL INCLUS
NR 47
TC 12
Z9 14
PU PSYCHOLOGY PRESS
PI HOVE
PA 27 CHURCH RD, HOVE BN3 2FA, EAST SUSSEX, ENGLAND
SN 0020-7594
J9 INT J PSYCHOL
JI Int. J. Psychol.
PD DEC
PY 2006
VL 41
IS 6
BP 541
EP 554
DI 10.1080/00207590500492658
PG 14
WC Psychology, Multidisciplinary
SC Psychology
GA 121GX
UT WOS:000243147200012
ER
PT J
AU Ricciardi, JN
Luiselli, JK
Camare, M
AF Ricciardi, Joseph N.
Luiselli, James K.
Camare, Marianne
TI Shaping approach responses as intervention for specific phobia in a
child with autism
SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED BEHAVIOR ANALYSIS
LA English
DT Article
DE contact desensitization; specific phobia; autism; changing-criterion
design
AB We evaluated contact desensitization (reinforcing approach responses) as intervention for specific phobia with a child diagnosed with autism. During hospital-based intervention, the boy was able to encounter previously avoided stimuli. Parental report suggested that results were maintained postdischarge.
C1 Hampstead Hosp, Hampstead, NH 03841 USA.
RP Ricciardi, JN (reprint author), Hampstead Hosp, 218 East Rd, Hampstead, NH 03841 USA.
EM jricciardi@hampsteadhospital.com
CR American Psychiatric Association, 1994, DIAGN STAT MAN MENT, V4th
Erfanian N., 1990, BEHAV RESIDENTIAL TR, V5, P55, DOI 10.1002/bin.2360050106
Jones KM, 1999, J APPL BEHAV ANAL, V32, P95, DOI 10.1901/jaba.1999.32-95
Rapp JT, 2005, BEHAV THER, V36, P101, DOI 10.1016/S0005-7894(05)80058-9
NR 4
TC 18
Z9 18
PU JOURNAL APPL BEHAV ANAL
PI LAWRENCE
PA DEPT HUMAN DEVELOPMENT, UNIV KANSAS, LAWRENCE, KS 66045 USA
SN 0021-8855
J9 J APPL BEHAV ANAL
JI J. Appl. Behav. Anal.
PD WIN
PY 2006
VL 39
IS 4
BP 445
EP 448
DI 10.1901/jaba.2006.158-05
PG 4
WC Psychology, Clinical
SC Psychology
GA 114SD
UT WOS:000242685000006
PM 17236342
ER
PT J
AU Shabani, DB
Fisher, WW
AF Shabani, Daniel B.
Fisher, Wayne W.
TI Stimulus fading and differential reinforcement for the treatment of
needle phobia in a youth with autism
SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED BEHAVIOR ANALYSIS
LA English
DT Article
DE autism; diabetes; fading; medical non-compliance; needle phobia;
systematic desensitization
AB Stimulus fading in the form of gradually increased exposure to a fear-evoking stimulus, often combined with differential reinforcement, has been used to treat phobias in children who are otherwise normal and in children with autism. In this investigation, we applied stimulus fading plus differential reinforcement with an adolescent with autism and diabetes whose needle phobia had prevented medical monitoring of his blood glucose levels for over 2 years. Results showed that the treatment was successful in obtaining daily blood samples for measuring glucose levels.
RP Fisher, WW (reprint author), Munroe Meyer Inst, 985450 Nebraska Med Ctr, Omaha, NE 68198 USA.
EM wfisher@unmc.edu
CR Braff M., 1979, J DENT CHILD, V46, P404
Davidson MB, 2004, DIABETES RES CLIN PR, V64, P229, DOI 10.1016/j.diabres.2004.03.006
DeLeon IG, 1996, J APPL BEHAV ANAL, V29, P519, DOI 10.1901/jaba.1996.29-519
Jones KM, 1999, J APPL BEHAV ANAL, V32, P95, DOI 10.1901/jaba.1999.32-95
LOVE SR, 1990, J APPL BEHAV ANAL, V23, P379, DOI 10.1901/jaba.1990.23-379
MCDOWALL RH, 1995, J CLIN ANESTH, V7, P273, DOI 10.1016/0952-8180(95)00017-C
Zambanini A, 1997, DIABETIC MED, V14, P321, DOI 10.1002/(SICI)1096-9136(199704)14:4<321::AID-DIA356>3.0.CO;2-H
NR 7
TC 30
Z9 30
PU JOURNAL APPL BEHAV ANAL
PI LAWRENCE
PA DEPT HUMAN DEVELOPMENT, UNIV KANSAS, LAWRENCE, KS 66045 USA
SN 0021-8855
J9 J APPL BEHAV ANAL
JI J. Appl. Behav. Anal.
PD WIN
PY 2006
VL 39
IS 4
BP 449
EP 452
DI 10.1901/jaba.2006.30-05
PG 4
WC Psychology, Clinical
SC Psychology
GA 114SD
UT WOS:000242685000007
PM 17236343
ER
PT J
AU Beadle-Brown, J
Murphy, G
Wing, L
AF Beadle-Brown, Julie
Murphy, Glynis
Wing, Lorna
TI The Camberwell Cohort 25 years on: Characteristics and changes in skills
over time
SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED RESEARCH IN INTELLECTUAL DISABILITIES
LA English
DT Article
DE autism; outcome changes in skills; severe intellectual disability;
social impairment
ID SEVERE INTELLECTUAL DISABILITIES; RECEPTIVE LANGUAGE DISORDER;
MENTALLY-RETARDED ADULTS; ADAPTIVE-BEHAVIOR; FOLLOW-UP; DOWNS-SYNDROME;
SOCIAL IMPAIRMENT; RESIDENTIAL CARE; CHILDREN; AUTISM
AB Background This study presents data on the characteristics of the Camberwell Cohort, 25 years after they were first assessed in the 1970s [Wing & Gould (1979) journal of Autism and Childhood Schizophrenia vol. 9, pp. 11-29]. It also presents data on changes over time which adds to that presented in Beadle-Brown et al. [Journal of Intellectual Disability Research (2000) vol. 32, pp. 195-206].
Methods Measures of level of skills, ability and behaviour, including self-care, educational, social skills, cognitive ability and challenging behaviour, were conducted with as many of the cohort as possible. In addition, background information was collected on diagnosis, placement history, daytime activity and family contact.
Results The cohort (n = 91) now aged between 27 and 42 years were living mostly in the community (68%) or with their parents (27%). Sixty-four per cent of the sample who could be tested (n = 36) had an IQ below 50, 73% were socially impaired and 72% had some form of autistic spectrum disorder. There were few changes over time between time 2 (1980s) and time 3 - as reported in Beadle-Brown et al., most changes occurred during childhood and early adolescence. However, for those who had been in institutional care for more than 3 years, there were a number of self-care skills which significantly increased between time 2 and time 3 (after a move into the community).
C1 Univ Kent, Tizard Ctr, Canterbury CT2 7LZ, Kent, England.
Univ Lancaster, Inst Hlth Res, Lancaster, England.
RP Beadle-Brown, J (reprint author), Univ Kent, Tizard Ctr, Canterbury CT2 7LZ, Kent, England.
EM j.d.beadle-brown@kent-ac.uk
CR Bayley N., 1969, BAYLEY SCALES INFANT
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NR 51
TC 9
Z9 9
PU BLACKWELL PUBLISHING
PI OXFORD
PA 9600 GARSINGTON RD, OXFORD OX4 2DQ, OXON, ENGLAND
SN 1360-2322
J9 J APPL RES INTELLECT
JI J. Appl. Res. Intellect. Disabil.
PD DEC
PY 2006
VL 19
IS 4
BP 317
EP 329
DI 10.1111/j.1468-3148.2005.00289.x
PG 13
WC Psychology, Educational; Rehabilitation
SC Psychology; Rehabilitation
GA 111WQ
UT WOS:000242487000004
ER
PT J
AU Lewis, N
AF Lewis, Nicola
TI Autism and Asperger syndrome
SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED RESEARCH IN INTELLECTUAL DISABILITIES
LA English
DT Book Review
C1 Dept Psychol, Cwmbran NP44 8YN, Torfaen, Wales.
RP Lewis, N (reprint author), Dept Psychol, Alders House,Llanfrechfa Grange, Cwmbran NP44 8YN, Torfaen, Wales.
EM Nicola.Lewis2@gwent.wales.nhs.uk
CR HOWLIN P, 2004, AUTISM ASPERGERS SYN
NR 1
TC 0
Z9 0
PU BLACKWELL PUBLISHING
PI OXFORD
PA 9600 GARSINGTON RD, OXFORD OX4 2DQ, OXON, ENGLAND
SN 1360-2322
J9 J APPL RES INTELLECT
JI J. Appl. Res. Intellect. Disabil.
PD DEC
PY 2006
VL 19
IS 4
BP 391
EP 393
DI 10.1111/j.1468-3148.2006.00273.x
PG 3
WC Psychology, Educational; Rehabilitation
SC Psychology; Rehabilitation
GA 111WQ
UT WOS:000242487000011
ER
PT J
AU Butter, E
Mulick, J
AF Butter, Eric
Mulick, James
TI Preliminary reliability and validity of a measure to evaluate core
symptoms of autism: The Ohio Autism Clinical Impressions Scale (OACIS)
SO JOURNAL OF CHILD AND ADOLESCENT PSYCHOPHARMACOLOGY
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
CT Conference on New Clinical Drug Evaluation Unit Meeting
CY JUN 12-15, 2006
CL Boca Raton, FL
SP Natl Inst Mental Hlth
C1 Ohio State Univ, Columbus, OH 43210 USA.
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
PU MARY ANN LIEBERT INC
PI NEW ROCHELLE
PA 140 HUGUENOT STREET, 3RD FL, NEW ROCHELLE, NY 10801 USA
SN 1044-5463
J9 J CHILD ADOL PSYCHOP
JI J. Child Adolesc. Psychopharmacol.
PD DEC
PY 2006
VL 16
IS 6
BP 651
EP 652
PG 2
WC Pediatrics; Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Psychiatry
SC Pediatrics; Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Psychiatry
GA 127RZ
UT WOS:000243605300007
ER
PT J
AU Pandina, GJ
Bossie, CA
Zhu, Y
Flanders, S
AF Pandina, Gahan J.
Bossie, Cynthia A.
Zhu, Young
Flanders, Scott
TI The aberrant behavior checklist: Use in clinical trials of pediatric
autism
SO JOURNAL OF CHILD AND ADOLESCENT PSYCHOPHARMACOLOGY
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
CT Conference on New Clinical Drug Evaluation Unit Meeting
CY JUN 12-15, 2006
CL Boca Raton, FL
SP Natl Inst Mental Hlth
C1 Janssen Pharmaceut, Titusville, NJ USA.
Ortho McNeil Janssen Sci Affairs LLC, Titusville, NJ USA.
Ortho McNeil Janssen Sci Affairs LLC, Grayslake, IL USA.
NR 0
TC 1
Z9 1
PU MARY ANN LIEBERT INC
PI NEW ROCHELLE
PA 140 HUGUENOT STREET, 3RD FL, NEW ROCHELLE, NY 10801 USA
SN 1044-5463
J9 J CHILD ADOL PSYCHOP
JI J. Child Adolesc. Psychopharmacol.
PD DEC
PY 2006
VL 16
IS 6
BP 661
EP 662
PG 2
WC Pediatrics; Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Psychiatry
SC Pediatrics; Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Psychiatry
GA 127RZ
UT WOS:000243605300024
ER
PT J
AU Lee, DO
Ousley, OY
AF Lee, Douglas O.
Ousley, Opal Y.
TI Attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder symptoms in a clinic sample of
children and adolescents with pervasive developmental disorders
SO JOURNAL OF CHILD AND ADOLESCENT PSYCHOPHARMACOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
ID DEFICIT/HYPERACTIVITY DISORDER; ASPERGER-SYNDROME; FOLLOW-UP; REFERRED
SAMPLE; NORMATIVE DATA; PHARMACOTHERAPY; COMORBIDITY; RATINGS; AUTISM;
CHILDHOOD
AB Objectives: The aims of this systematic chart review were to determine the frequency of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) in a clinic sample of children and adolescents with autism spectrum disorders (ASD), to compare ADHD symptoms in children with Autistic Disorder, Asperger's Disorder, and pervasive developmental disorders-not otherwise specified (PDD-NOS), to compare ADHD symptoms in individuals with and without ADHD-related chief complaints, and to determine the correlation between ADHD Rating Scale (ADHD RS) scores and age.
Method: This systematic chart review examined data from children and adolescents who were consecutively referred to a university-based autism psychopharmacology program. All individuals were diagnosed by semistructured interview for ASD and ADHD, and ADHD symptoms were assessed using ADHD RS scores.
Results: Of 83 children, 78% fulfilled Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, 4th edition (DSM-IV) criteria for ADHD and exceeded the 93(rd) percentile norm for the ADHD RS. Hyperactivity-impulsivity scores were significantly greater in individuals with autism than those with other ASDs. DSM-IV ADHD diagnosis was represented equally in individuals with and without ADHD as their chief complaints. ADHD RS hyperactivityimpulsivity and total scores were negatively correlated with age.
Conclusion: ADHD symptoms are pervasive in clinically referred children and adolescents with ASD.
C1 Emory Univ, Sch Med, Dept Psychiat & Behav Sci, Div Child & Adolescent Psychiat, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA.
RP Lee, DO (reprint author), Emory Univ, Sch Med, Dept Psychiat & Behav Sci, Div Child & Adolescent Psychiat, 1551 Shoup Court, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA.
EM douglaslee_jcbm@bellsouth.net
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NR 37
TC 82
Z9 86
PU MARY ANN LIEBERT INC
PI NEW ROCHELLE
PA 140 HUGUENOT STREET, 3RD FL, NEW ROCHELLE, NY 10801 USA
SN 1044-5463
J9 J CHILD ADOL PSYCHOP
JI J. Child Adolesc. Psychopharmacol.
PD DEC
PY 2006
VL 16
IS 6
BP 737
EP 746
DI 10.1089/cap.2006.16.737
PG 10
WC Pediatrics; Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Psychiatry
SC Pediatrics; Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Psychiatry
GA 127RZ
UT WOS:000243605300036
PM 17201617
ER
PT J
AU Ivanov, I
Klein, M
Green, WH
Coffey, B
AF Ivanov, Iliyan
Klein, Martha
Green, Wayne Hugo
Coffey, Barbara
TI The challenges of psychopharmacological management of children with
severe developmental disabilities
SO JOURNAL OF CHILD AND ADOLESCENT PSYCHOPHARMACOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
ID VALPROIC ACID; RISPERIDONE; DISORDERS; ADOLESCENTS; PHARMACOKINETICS;
ANTIPSYCHOTICS; CARBAMAZEPINE; BEHAVIOR; AUTISM; EDEMA
C1 NYU, Ctr Child Study, New York, NY 10016 USA.
Mt Sinai Sch Med, New York, NY USA.
Childrens Aid Soc, New York, NY USA.
RP Coffey, B (reprint author), NYU, Ctr Child Study, 577 1st Ave, New York, NY 10016 USA.
EM barbara.coffey@med.nyu.edu
CR Airaksinen EM, 2000, EPILEPSIA, V41, P1214, DOI 10.1111/j.1528-1157.2000.tb00328.x
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NR 25
TC 0
Z9 0
PU MARY ANN LIEBERT INC
PI NEW ROCHELLE
PA 140 HUGUENOT STREET, 3RD FL, NEW ROCHELLE, NY 10801 USA
SN 1044-5463
J9 J CHILD ADOL PSYCHOP
JI J. Child Adolesc. Psychopharmacol.
PD DEC
PY 2006
VL 16
IS 6
BP 793
EP 799
DI 10.1089/cap.2006.16.793
PG 7
WC Pediatrics; Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Psychiatry
SC Pediatrics; Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Psychiatry
GA 127RZ
UT WOS:000243605300041
PM 17201623
ER
PT J
AU Juranek, J
Filipek, PA
Berenji, GR
Modahl, C
Osann, K
Spence, MA
AF Juranek, Jenifer
Filipek, Pauline A.
Berenji, Gholam R.
Modahl, Charlotte
Osann, Kathryn
Spence, M. Anne
TI Association between amygdala volume and anxiety level: Magnetic
resonance imaging (MRI) study in autistic children
SO JOURNAL OF CHILD NEUROLOGY
LA English
DT Article
ID PEDIATRIC-PATIENTS; HUMAN BRAIN; DISORDERS; ADULTS
AB Our objective was to evaluate brain-behavior relationships between amygdala volume and anxious/depressed scores on the Child Behavior Checklist in a well-characterized population of autistic children. Volumes for the amygdala, hippocampus, and whole brain were obtained from three-dimensional magnetic resonance images (MRIs) captured from 42 children who met the criteria for autistic disorder. Anxious/depressed symptoms were assessed in these children by the Anxious/Depressed subscale of the Child Behavior Checklist. To investigate the association between anxious/ depressed scores on the Child Behavior Checklist and amygdala volume, data were analyzed using linear regression methods with Pearson correlation coefficients. A multivariate model was used to adjust for potential covariates associated with amygdala volume, including age at MRI and total brain size. We found that anxious/depressed symptoms were significantly correlated with increased total amygdala volume (r = .386, P =.012) and right amygdala volume (r = .469, P = .002). The correlation between anxious/depressed symptoms and left amygdala volume did not reach statistical significance (r = .249, P = .112). Child Behavior Checklist anxious/depressed scores were found to be a significant predictor of amygdala total (P = .014) and right amygdala (P = .002) volumes. In conclusion, we have identified a significant brain-behavior relationship between amygdala volume and anxious/depressed scores on the Child Behavior Checklist in our autistic cohort. This specific relationship has not been reported in autism. However, the existing literature on human psychiatry and behavior supports our reported evidence for a neurobiologic relationship between symptoms of anxiety and depression with araygdala structure and function. Our results highlight the importance of characterizing comorbid psychiatric symptomatology in autism. The abundance of inconsistent findings in the published literature on autism might reflect differences between study populations regarding age at MRI, level of impairment within autistic subjects, and underlying anxiety level in the selected study groups.
C1 Univ Calif Irvine, Coll Med, Dept Pediat, Div Child Neurol, Irvine, CA 92697 USA.
Univ Calif Irvine, Coll Med, Dept Pediat, Div Human Genet, Irvine, CA 92697 USA.
Univ Calif Irvine, Dept Med, Irvine, CA 92697 USA.
RP Juranek, J (reprint author), Univ Calif Irvine, Coll Med, Dept Pediat, Div Child Neurol, 1331 Hewitt Hall, Irvine, CA 92697 USA.
EM jjuranek@uci.edu
CR Achenbach TM, 1991, MANUAL CHILD BEHAV C
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Szeszko PR, 2004, NEUROPSYCHOPHARMACOL, V29, P826, DOI 10.1038/sj.npp.1300399
NR 27
TC 51
Z9 51
PU SAGE PUBLICATIONS INC
PI THOUSAND OAKS
PA 2455 TELLER RD, THOUSAND OAKS, CA 91320 USA
SN 0883-0738
J9 J CHILD NEUROL
JI J. Child Neurol.
PD DEC
PY 2006
VL 21
IS 12
BP 1051
EP 1058
DI 10.2310/7010.2006.00237
PG 8
WC Clinical Neurology; Pediatrics
SC Neurosciences & Neurology; Pediatrics
GA 122DX
UT WOS:000243207000009
PM 17156697
ER
PT J
AU Fombonne, E
AF Fombonne, Eric
TI Response to the management of autism and its related disorders - Reply
SO JOURNAL OF CLINICAL PSYCHIATRY
LA English
DT Letter
ID PERVASIVE DEVELOPMENTAL DISORDERS; PREVALENCE
C1 Montreal Childrens Hosp, Dept Psychiat, Montreal, PQ H3H 1P3, Canada.
RP Fombonne, E (reprint author), Montreal Childrens Hosp, Dept Psychiat, Montreal, PQ H3H 1P3, Canada.
CR Fombonne E, 2005, J CLIN PSYCHIAT, V66, P3
Fombonne E, 2001, PEDIATRICS, V107, P411, DOI 10.1542/peds.107.2.411
Fombonne E, 2006, PEDIATRICS, V118, pE139, DOI 10.1542/peds.2005-2993
Institute of Medicine, 2004, IMM SAF REV VACC AUT
LAIDLER JR, 2005, PEDIATRICS, V116, P120
Parker SK, 2004, PEDIATRICS, V114, P793, DOI 10.1542/peds.2004-0434
*STAT CAL, 2005, Q CLIENT CHAR REP IN
U.S. Census Bureau, 2006, STAT COUNT QUICKFACT
Yeargin-Allsopp M, 2003, JAMA-J AM MED ASSOC, V289, P49, DOI 10.1001/jama.289.1.49
NR 9
TC 0
Z9 0
PU PHYSICIANS POSTGRADUATE PRESS
PI MEMPHIS
PA P O BOX 240008, MEMPHIS, TN 38124 USA
SN 0160-6689
J9 J CLIN PSYCHIAT
JI J. Clin. Psychiatry
PD DEC
PY 2006
VL 67
IS 12
BP 2030
EP 2031
PG 2
WC Psychology, Clinical; Psychiatry
SC Psychology; Psychiatry
GA 120LI
UT WOS:000243085800026
ER
PT J
AU Slaff, I
AF Slaff, Ilana
TI Response to the management of autism and its related disorders
SO JOURNAL OF CLINICAL PSYCHIATRY
LA English
DT Letter
ID PERVASIVE DEVELOPMENTAL DISORDERS
C1 CUNY Mt Sinai Sch Med, Dept Psychiat, New York, NY 10029 USA.
RP Slaff, I (reprint author), CUNY Mt Sinai Sch Med, Dept Psychiat, New York, NY 10029 USA.
CR Aman MG, 2005, J CLIN PSYCHIAT, V66, P38
Findling RL, 2005, J CLIN PSYCHIAT, V66, P26
Fombonne E, 2005, J CLIN PSYCHIAT, V66, P3
Greenspan S. I., 1998, CHILD SPECIAL NEEDS
MAUGH TH, 2005, LOS ANGELES TIM 0713
*NEW YORK STAT DEP, CLIN PRACT GUID GUID, P13
NR 6
TC 0
Z9 0
PU PHYSICIANS POSTGRADUATE PRESS
PI MEMPHIS
PA P O BOX 240008, MEMPHIS, TN 38124 USA
SN 0160-6689
J9 J CLIN PSYCHIAT
JI J. Clin. Psychiatry
PD DEC
PY 2006
VL 67
IS 12
BP 2030
EP 2030
PG 1
WC Psychology, Clinical; Psychiatry
SC Psychology; Psychiatry
GA 120LI
UT WOS:000243085800025
PM 17194285
ER
PT J
AU Aman, MG
AF Aman, Michael G.
TI Response to the management of autism and its related disorders - Reply
SO JOURNAL OF CLINICAL PSYCHIATRY
LA English
DT Letter
C1 Ohio State Univ, Nisonger Ctr, Columbus, OH 43210 USA.
RP Aman, MG (reprint author), Ohio State Univ, Nisonger Ctr, Columbus, OH 43210 USA.
CR Greenspan S. I., 1998, CHILD SPECIAL NEEDS
Greenspan S. I., 1997, J DEV LEARNING DISOR, V1, P87
Metz B, 2005, CONTROVERSIAL THERAPIES FOR DEVELOPMENTAL DISABILITES: FAD, FASHION, AND SCIENCE IN PROFESSIONAL PRACTICE, P237
NR 3
TC 0
Z9 0
PU PHYSICIANS POSTGRADUATE PRESS
PI MEMPHIS
PA P O BOX 240008, MEMPHIS, TN 38124 USA
SN 0160-6689
J9 J CLIN PSYCHIAT
JI J. Clin. Psychiatry
PD DEC
PY 2006
VL 67
IS 12
BP 2031
EP 2032
PG 2
WC Psychology, Clinical; Psychiatry
SC Psychology; Psychiatry
GA 120LI
UT WOS:000243085800028
ER
PT J
AU Findling, RL
AF Findling, Robert L.
TI Response to the management of autism and its related disorders - Reply
SO JOURNAL OF CLINICAL PSYCHIATRY
LA English
DT Letter
C1 Univ Hosp Case Med Ctr, Cleveland, OH USA.
RP Findling, RL (reprint author), Univ Hosp Case Med Ctr, Cleveland, OH USA.
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
PU PHYSICIANS POSTGRADUATE PRESS
PI MEMPHIS
PA P O BOX 240008, MEMPHIS, TN 38124 USA
SN 0160-6689
J9 J CLIN PSYCHIAT
JI J. Clin. Psychiatry
PD DEC
PY 2006
VL 67
IS 12
BP 2031
EP 2031
PG 1
WC Psychology, Clinical; Psychiatry
SC Psychology; Psychiatry
GA 120LI
UT WOS:000243085800027
ER
PT J
AU Hinton, VJ
Nereo, NE
Fee, RJ
Cyrulnik, SE
AF Hinton, Veronica J.
Nereo, Nancy E.
Fee, Robert J.
Cyrulnik, Shana E.
TI Social behavior problems in boys with duchenne muscular dystrophy
SO JOURNAL OF DEVELOPMENTAL AND BEHAVIORAL PEDIATRICS
LA English
DT Article
DE duchenne muscular dystrophy; behavior; behavioral phenotype; social
problems
ID CHRONIC PHYSICAL DISORDERS; VERBAL WORKING-MEMORY; CHRONIC ILLNESS;
MENTAL-RETARDATION; PSYCHOLOGICAL ADJUSTMENT; CHILDREN; AUTISM;
CORTICOSTEROIDS; DISABILITIES; ADOLESCENTS
AB Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD) is a chronic, progressive pediatric disease that affects both muscle and brain. The objectives of the study were to examine parent reported behavior in children with DMD, investigate the influence of chronic illness, intellectual ability and etiology on behavior, and determine whether a specific behavioral profile is associated with DMD. Parental ratings of boys with DMD (n = 181) on the Child Behavior Checklist behavior scales were examined and compared to reported findings of children with other chronic illnesses, unaffected siblings of boys with DMD (n = 86), and children with cerebral palsy (CP) (n = 42). Increased ratings of general behavior problems were reported, and neither physical progression nor intellectual level contributed to behavioral ratings. Among the children with DMD, the Social Problem behavior scale had the greatest number of "clinically significant" ratings (34%). Between-group comparisons showed significantly more boys with DMD were rated as having social behavior problems than either the sibling or CP comparison groups. In addition to the increase in reported behavioral problems likely related to the effects of chronic illness, boys with DMD may be at heightened risk for specific social behavior problems. The specificity of the findings of the behavior profile in DMD may be partially due to the lack of dystrophin isoforms in the central nervous system, and not solely a reactive response to the illness.
C1 Columbia Univ, Coll Phys & Surg, Gertrude H Sergievsky Ctr, New York, NY 10032 USA.
Columbia Univ, Coll Phys & Surg, Dept Neurol, New York, NY 10032 USA.
Hosp Special Surg, Dept Rehabil, New York, NY USA.
RP Hinton, VJ (reprint author), Columbia Univ, Coll Phys & Surg, Gertrude H Sergievsky Ctr, 630 W 168th St P&S Box 16, New York, NY 10032 USA.
EM vjh9@columbia.edu
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NR 45
TC 23
Z9 24
PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS
PI PHILADELPHIA
PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA
SN 0196-206X
J9 J DEV BEHAV PEDIATR
JI J. Dev. Behav. Pediatr.
PD DEC
PY 2006
VL 27
IS 6
BP 470
EP 476
DI 10.1097/00004703-200612000-00003
PG 7
WC Behavioral Sciences; Psychology, Developmental; Pediatrics
SC Behavioral Sciences; Psychology; Pediatrics
GA 116PS
UT WOS:000242815400003
PM 17164619
ER
PT J
AU Brasic, JR
Holland, JA
AF Brasic, James Robert
Holland, Julie A.
TI Reliable classification of case-control studies of autistic disorder and
obstetric complications
SO JOURNAL OF DEVELOPMENTAL AND PHYSICAL DISABILITIES
LA English
DT Article; Proceedings Paper
CT 97th Annual Scientific Assembly of the Southern-Medical-Association
CY NOV, 2003
CL Atlanta, GA
SP SO Med Assoc
DE case-control study; infant low birth weight; labor complications;
pervasive child developmental disorders; pregnancy complications
ID MINOR PHYSICAL ANOMALIES; JERUSALEM INFANT-DEVELOPMENT; DIAGNOSTIC
OBSERVATION SCHEDULE; RECEPTIVE LANGUAGE DISORDER; UTAH EPIDEMIOLOGIC
SURVEY; SEVERE MENTAL-RETARDATION; RATING SURVEY PQRS; FOLLOW-UP;
CHILDHOOD SCHIZOPHRENIA; PERINATAL COMPLICATIONS
AB Several reports have suggested an association between obstetric complications and autistic disorder. Since conclusions may be drawn from case-control studies, a methodology to identify case-control studies of autistic disorder and obstetric complications for qualitative and quantitative reviews is needed. We sought to establish the feasibility of blinding of reports as a means to remove biases in meta-analyses of case-control studies of autism and obstetric complications. Therefore, we located published reports of case-control studies of autistic disorder and obstetric complications by a literature search and additional articles. The methods or other appropriate portions of the articles were blindly reviewed for the presence or absence of obstetric complications in cases with autistic disorder matched with at least one control without autistic disorder. Good inter-rater reliability was obtained for case-control studies of autistic disorder (74.6% agreement and kappa=.451) and for obstetric complications (84.0% agreement and kappa=.658).
C1 Johns Hopkins Univ, Sch Med, Russell H Morgan Dept Radiol & Radiol Sci, Div Nucl Med, Baltimore, MD USA.
Bellevue Hosp Ctr, Dept Psychiat, New York, NY 10016 USA.
NYU, Sch Med, Dept Psychiat, New York, NY USA.
RP Brasic, JR (reprint author), Johns Hopkins Outpatient Ctr, Dept Radiol & Radiol Sci, 601 N Caroline St,Room 3245, Baltimore, MD 21287 USA.
EM brasic@jhmi.edu
RI Brasic, James/B-3503-2008
OI Brasic, James/0000-0002-3948-4853
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NR 182
TC 1
Z9 1
PU SPRINGER/PLENUM PUBLISHERS
PI NEW YORK
PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA
SN 1056-263X
J9 J DEV PHYS DISABIL
JI J. Dev. Phys. Disabil.
PD DEC
PY 2006
VL 18
IS 4
BP 355
EP 381
DI 10.1007/s10882-006-9021-9
PG 27
WC Rehabilitation
SC Rehabilitation
GA 118VA
UT WOS:000242969800002
ER
PT J
AU Sweeten, TL
Taylor, MW
Posey, DJ
McDougle, CJ
AF Sweeten, Thayne L.
Taylor, Milton W.
Posey, David J.
McDougle, Christopher J.
TI Plasma kynurenine levels in autistic disorder
SO JOURNAL OF DEVELOPMENTAL AND PHYSICAL DISABILITIES
LA English
DT Article
DE autism; kynurenine; tryptophan 2,3-dioxygenase; indoleamine
2,3-dioxygenase; tryptophan
ID MENTALLY-RETARDED CHILDREN; WHOLE-BLOOD SEROTONIN; INDOLEAMINE
2,3-DIOXYGENASE; TRYPTOPHAN DEGRADATION; TOURETTE SYNDROME;
INFANTILE-AUTISM; METABOLISM; ASSOCIATION; INTERFERON; INDUCTION
AB Serotonin and its precursor tryptophan have long been implicated in the pathophysiology of autistic disorder (autism). Recent genetic evidence implicates involvement of a gene encoding tryptophan 2,3-dioxygenase, a rate-limiting enzyme in tryptophan's major metabolic pathway, the kynurenine pathway, in autism. To test activity of the kynurenine pathway in autism, plasma kynurenine levels were measured in 30 drug-free autistic children (mean age (SD)=6 years 0 months (2 years 9 months)) and 29 age-, race- and gender-matched healthy comparison subjects (mean age (SD)=6 years 5 months (2 years 6 months)) using high-performance liquid chromatography. No difference was found in plasma kynurenine levels between the study groups. In the autistic children, plasma kynurenine levels did not correlate with autistic behaviors or IQ. These results do not support a role for abnormal global function of the kynurenine pathway; however, the status of this pathway in the brain remains unknown.
C1 Indiana Univ, Sch Med, Dept Psychiat, Indianapolis, IN 46202 USA.
James Whitcomb Riley Hosp Children, Christian Sarkine Autism Treatment Ctr, Indianapolis, IN 46202 USA.
Utah State Univ, Ctr Persons Disabil, Logan, UT 84322 USA.
Indiana Univ, Dept Biol, Bloomington, IN USA.
RP McDougle, CJ (reprint author), Indiana Univ, Sch Med, Dept Psychiat, 1111 W 10th St,PB A305, Indianapolis, IN 46202 USA.
EM cmcdougl@iupui.edu
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2001, SPSS WINDOWS
NR 34
TC 0
Z9 0
PU SPRINGER/PLENUM PUBLISHERS
PI NEW YORK
PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA
SN 1056-263X
J9 J DEV PHYS DISABIL
JI J. Dev. Phys. Disabil.
PD DEC
PY 2006
VL 18
IS 4
BP 419
EP 426
DI 10.1007/s10882-006-9026-4
PG 8
WC Rehabilitation
SC Rehabilitation
GA 118VA
UT WOS:000242969800006
ER
PT J
AU Kharrat, N
Ayadi, I
Rebai, A
AF Kharrat, Najla
Ayadi, Imen
Rebai, Ahmed
TI Sample size computation for association studies using case-parents
design
SO JOURNAL OF GENETICS
LA English
DT Article
DE sample sized; association tests; genotype relative risk; power; autism
ID TRANSMISSION DISEQUILIBRIUM TEST; POWER; TRANSMISSION/DISEQUILIBRIUM;
DISEASES; TESTS; TDT
C1 Ctr Biotechnol Sfax, Unite Biostat & Bioinformat, Sfax 3038, Tunisia.
RP Rebai, A (reprint author), Ctr Biotechnol Sfax, Unite Biostat & Bioinformat, BP K, Sfax 3038, Tunisia.
EM Ahmed.Rebai@cbs.mrt.tn
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NR 17
TC 5
Z9 5
PU INDIAN ACADEMY SCIENCES
PI BANGALORE
PA C V RAMAN AVENUE, SADASHIVANAGAR, P B #8005, BANGALORE 560 080, INDIA
SN 0022-1333
J9 J GENET
JI J. Genet.
PD DEC
PY 2006
VL 85
IS 3
BP 187
EP 191
DI 10.1007/BF02935329
PG 5
WC Genetics & Heredity
SC Genetics & Heredity
GA 159PV
UT WOS:000245879500005
PM 17406092
ER
PT J
AU Herring, S
Gray, K
Taffe, J
Tonge, B
Sweeney, D
Einfeld, S
AF Herring, S.
Gray, K.
Taffe, J.
Tonge, B.
Sweeney, D.
Einfeld, S.
TI Behaviour and emotional problems in toddlers with pervasive
developmental disorders and developmental delay: associations with
parental mental health and family functioning
SO JOURNAL OF INTELLECTUAL DISABILITY RESEARCH
LA English
DT Article
DE behaviour and emotional problems; children; developmental delay; family;
pervasive developmental disorders
ID PRESCHOOL-CHILDREN; AUTISTIC-CHILDREN; INTELLECTUAL DISABILITY; SPECTRUM
DISORDERS; ASSESSMENT DEVICE; MATERNAL STRESS; YOUNG-CHILDREN; MOTHERS;
INTERVENTION; FATHERS
AB Background Behavioural and emotional problems occur at a high rate in children and adolescents with intellectual disability, often from a young age. Some studies have indicated that children and adolescents with autism present with even higher rates. Less is known about the presentation, development and family impact of these difficulties in young children with autism. This study aimed to explore these issues in toddlers with pervasive developmental disorders (PDDs), those with delay without a PDD, and their families.
Methods Participants were 123 children aged 20-51 months, referred to a developmental assessment clinic. Parents completed a checklist on child behavioural and emotional problems, and individual questionnaires on family functioning, their own mental health, and stress in relation to parenting their child. The child's language and cognitive skills, adaptive functioning and behaviour were assessed by standardized measures. Measures were repeated 1 year postdiagnosis. Behavioural and emotional problems in young children with a PDD were compared with those in children with developmental delay without a PDD, and their impact on parental outcomes explored over time.
Results Initial and follow-up measures of child behaviour and emotional problems, parent mental health problems, parent stress and family functioning were significantly correlated, providing some evidence of stability over time. Child emotional and behavioural problems contributed significantly more to mother stress, parent mental health problems, and perceived family dysfunction than child diagnosis (PDD/non-PDD), delay or gender. Compared with mothers, all fathers reported significantly less stress in relation to parenting their child.
Conclusion Results highlighted the importance of addressing emotional and behavioural problems in very young children with autism and/or developmental delay. The need for early support and intervention for mothers, fathers and families in this context was also evidenced. As research has shown that behavioural and emotional problems persist into adolescence and young adulthood, understanding of these issues in very young children and their parents has important implications for intervention and long-term outcomes.
C1 Monash Univ, Sch Psychol Psychiat & Psychol Med, Ctr Dev Psychiat & Psychol, Clayton, Vic 3168, Australia.
Univ New S Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia.
RP Gray, K (reprint author), Monash Med Ctr, Dept Child & Adolescent Psychiat, Ctr Dev Psychiat & Psychol, Clayton, Vic 3168, Australia.
EM kylie.gray@med.monash.edu.au
CR American Psychiatric Association, 2000, DIAGN STAT MAN MENT
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NR 48
TC 152
Z9 153
PU BLACKWELL PUBLISHING
PI OXFORD
PA 9600 GARSINGTON RD, OXFORD OX4 2DQ, OXON, ENGLAND
SN 0964-2633
J9 J INTELL DISABIL RES
JI J. Intell. Disabil. Res.
PD DEC
PY 2006
VL 50
BP 874
EP 882
DI 10.1111/j.1365-2788.2006.00904.x
PN 12
PG 9
WC Education, Special; Genetics & Heredity; Clinical Neurology; Psychiatry;
Rehabilitation
SC Education & Educational Research; Genetics & Heredity; Neurosciences &
Neurology; Psychiatry; Rehabilitation
GA 102SA
UT WOS:000241832400003
PM 17100948
ER
PT J
AU Lewis, P
Abbeduto, L
Murphy, M
Richmond, E
Giles, N
Bruno, L
Schroeder, S
Anderson, J
Orsmond, G
AF Lewis, P.
Abbeduto, L.
Murphy, M.
Richmond, E.
Giles, N.
Bruno, L.
Schroeder, S.
Anderson, J.
Orsmond, G.
TI Psychological well-being of mothers of youth with fragile X syndrome:
syndrome specificity and within-syndrome variability
SO JOURNAL OF INTELLECTUAL DISABILITY RESEARCH
LA English
DT Article
DE autism; Down syndrome; fragile X syndrome; intellectual disability;
mental health; parents
ID MENTAL-RETARDATION; SPECTRUM DISORDER; YOUNG-CHILDREN; DOWN-SYNDROME;
AUTISM; SYMPTOMS; STRESS; MALES; BEHAVIOR; FAMILY
AB Background Research on parental well-being has focused largely on Down syndrome and autism; however, fragile X syndrome is likely to pose different challenges for parents compared with these other diagnostic conditions. Moreover, there is considerable variability among youth with fragile X syndrome; for example, 25% to 33% of affected youth meet criteria for a co-morbid diagnosis of autism. It is likely that parents of youth with fragile X syndrome will experience different degrees and patterns of stress, depending on whether their offspring do or do not have a co-morbid diagnosis of autism. In the present study, we compared mothers of three groups of young males on measures of psychological well-being and stress: those with fragile X syndrome and a co-morbid diagnosis of autism; those with fragile X syndrome alone; and those with Down syndrome.
Method The sample consisted of mothers of adolescent and young adult males with fragile X syndrome and co-morbid autism (n = 9), fragile X syndrome alone (n = 19), and Down syndrome (n = 19). We screened all youth for autism using the Autism Behavior Checklist, which was completed by mothers, fathers and teachers, and the youth who scored above the suggested cut-off were evaluated by a licensed psychologist to determine autism status. The three groups of youth did not differ in chronological age (16.4, 15.8 and 16.0 years, respectively) or non-verbal mental age (3.8, 3.9 and 3.8 years, respectively). Several self-report measures were completed by mothers. These measures assessed current mental health status (e.g. the Center for Epidemiological Studies Depression Scale), perceptions of their son's and family's functioning (e.g. the Positive Affect Index, which measures closeness felt by the mother to her son and also reciprocated closeness felt by the son towards the mother, as perceived by the mother), and approach to coping with their son's disability [e.g. the Multidimensional Coping Inventory (COPE), which measures emotion-focused and problem-solving focused coping].
Results The results suggest that fragile X syndrome creates more challenges to maternal psychological well-being than Down syndrome, and that the combination of fragile X syndrome and autism can be particularly challenging. Differences among groups, however, were manifested mainly as concerns about the affected son and about relationships within the family rather than as lower levels of mental health. Thus, mothers of sons with fragile X syndrome, regardless of the son's autism status, reported more pessimism about the son's future and more conflict within the family than mothers of sons with Down syndrome. Additionally, mothers of sons with fragile X syndrome and co-morbid autism reported lower levels of reciprocated closeness than the other two groups of mothers.
Conclusion We consider possible causes of these maternal differences, the implications for clinical practice, needs for future research, and the importance of understanding child and contextual factors as well as the dynamics leading to these differences.
C1 Univ Wisconsin, Waisman Ctr Mental Retardat & Human Dev, Madison, WI 53706 USA.
Kennedy Krieger Inst, Baltimore, MD USA.
Johns Hopkins Univ, Baltimore, MD USA.
Boston Univ, Boston, MA 02215 USA.
RP Lewis, P (reprint author), 1500 Highland Ave, Madison, WI USA.
EM lewis@waisman.wisc.edu
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NR 43
TC 30
Z9 30
PU BLACKWELL PUBLISHING
PI OXFORD
PA 9600 GARSINGTON RD, OXFORD OX4 2DQ, OXON, ENGLAND
SN 0964-2633
J9 J INTELL DISABIL RES
JI J. Intell. Disabil. Res.
PD DEC
PY 2006
VL 50
BP 894
EP 904
DI 10.1111/j.1365-2788.2006.00907.x
PN 12
PG 11
WC Education, Special; Genetics & Heredity; Clinical Neurology; Psychiatry;
Rehabilitation
SC Education & Educational Research; Genetics & Heredity; Neurosciences &
Neurology; Psychiatry; Rehabilitation
GA 102SA
UT WOS:000241832400005
PM 17100950
ER
PT J
AU Gray, DE
AF Gray, D. E.
TI Coping over time: the parents of children with autism
SO JOURNAL OF INTELLECTUAL DISABILITY RESEARCH
LA English
DT Article
DE autism; coping; family
ID MOTHERS; ADAPTATION; STRATEGIES; SUPPORT; FATHERS; STRESS
AB Background Although coping with autism has been examined in a number of papers, virtually no research exists on how families cope over time. This paper reports the results of a longitudinal study of parents coping with autism over a period of approximately a decade.
Methods The research method for the study was based on ethnographic methods that emphasized in-depth interviews and participant observation. The sample for this study consisted of 28 parents (19 mothers and nine fathers) of children with autism. The instrument for the interviews consisted of questions concerning: the child's medical history and referral experience, the child's present symptomatology, the effects of the child's problems on the parent's well-being, the effects of autism on the family's social life, parental coping strategies, illness conceptualization and the parents' expectations for the future.
Results and conclusions Coping strategies changed from the time of the initial study, as fewer parents coped through reliance on service providers, family support, social withdrawal and individualism and relatively more parents coped through their religious faith and other emotion-focused strategies. The results tentatively support previous research on coping that indicates that aging is linked to the use of more emotion-focused coping strategies.
C1 Univ New England, Sch Social Sci, Armidale, NSW, Australia.
RP Gray, DE (reprint author), Univ New England, Sch Social Sci, Armidale, NSW, Australia.
EM dgray@pobox.une.edu.au
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NR 17
TC 54
Z9 55
PU BLACKWELL PUBLISHING
PI OXFORD
PA 9600 GARSINGTON RD, OXFORD OX4 2DQ, OXON, ENGLAND
SN 0964-2633
J9 J INTELL DISABIL RES
JI J. Intell. Disabil. Res.
PD DEC
PY 2006
VL 50
BP 970
EP 976
DI 10.1111/j.1365-2788.2006.00933.x
PN 12
PG 7
WC Education, Special; Genetics & Heredity; Clinical Neurology; Psychiatry;
Rehabilitation
SC Education & Educational Research; Genetics & Heredity; Neurosciences &
Neurology; Psychiatry; Rehabilitation
GA 102SA
UT WOS:000241832400012
PM 17100957
ER
PT J
AU Kern, P
Aldridge, D
AF Kern, Petra
Aldridge, David
TI Using embedded music therapy interventions to support outdoor play of
young children with autism in an inclusive community-based child care
program
SO JOURNAL OF MUSIC THERAPY
LA English
DT Article
ID ENVIRONMENT; BEHAVIORS; STUDENTS
AB For young children with autism enrolled in community-based inclusive child care programs, outdoor play can be a major challenge. The aim of this music therapy intervention was to improve peer interactions and meaningful play on the playground for four boys with autism by adding an outdoor music center and using original songs composed for each participant. A collaborative approach was used to support the implementation of the intervention by the children's teachers, engaging classroom peers as formal and informal helpers. The effects of the interventions were examined using a multiple baseline design with four conditions replicated across the four children. The results indicate that the musical adaptation of the playground itself did not improve social interactions of children with autism significantly, but it facilitated their play and involvement with peers by attraction to the sound and opportunity to use the instruments. The song interventions produced desirable peer interaction outcomes, and the collaborative consultative approach enabled teachers to implement interventions successfully in ongoing playground routines. In addition, peer-mediated strategies increased peer interactions and meaningful play on the playground.
C1 Univ N Carolina, Frank Porter Graham Child Dev Inst, Chapel Hill, NC 27515 USA.
Univ Witten Herdecke, Chair Qualitiat Res Med, Witten, Germany.
RP Kern, P (reprint author), Univ Windsor, Sch Mus, 401 Sunset Ave, Windsor, ON N9B 3P4, Canada.
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NR 64
TC 0
Z9 0
PU NATL ASSOC MUSIC THERAPY INC
PI SILVER SPRING
PA 8455 COLESVILLE RD, STE 1000, SILVER SPRING, MD 20910 USA
SN 0022-2917
J9 J MUSIC THER
JI J. Music Ther.
PD WIN
PY 2006
VL 43
IS 4
PG 25
WC Music; Rehabilitation
SC Music; Rehabilitation
GA 137EC
UT WOS:000244274800001
ER
PT J
AU Kay, S
Harchik, AE
Luiselli, JK
AF Kay, S
Harchik, AE
Luiselli, JK
TI Elimination of drooling by an adolescent student with autism attending
public high school
SO JOURNAL OF POSITIVE BEHAVIOR INTERVENTIONS
LA English
DT Article
ID CHILDREN; MANAGEMENT
AB We evaluated a multicomponent intervention that successfully eliminated drooling by a 17-year-old student with autism who attended a public high school. The student was taught to perform compensatory responses (wiping his mouth and swallowing saliva), received positive reinforcement for having a "dry mouth," and was given opportunities to monitor his appearance. Implemented in a multiple-baseline design across three school locations, intervention was applied with high integrity and judged positively by staff.
C1 May Ctr Child Dev, W Springfield, MA 01089 USA.
May Inst, W Springfield, MA 01089 USA.
RP Kay, S (reprint author), May Ctr Child Dev, 511 Main St, W Springfield, MA 01089 USA.
EM skay@mayinstitute.org
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NR 10
TC 18
Z9 18
PU PRO-ED INC
PI AUSTIN
PA 8700 SHOAL CREEK BLVD, AUSTIN, TX 78757-6897 USA
SN 1098-3007
J9 J POSIT BEHAV INTERV
JI J. Posit. Behav. Interv.
PD WIN
PY 2006
VL 8
IS 1
BP 24
EP 28
DI 10.1177/10983007060080010401
PG 5
WC Psychology, Clinical; Education, Special
SC Psychology; Education & Educational Research
GA 000HP
UT WOS:000234452200004
ER
PT J
AU Delano, M
Snell, ME
AF Delano, M
Snell, ME
TI The effects of social stories on the social engagement of children with
autism
SO JOURNAL OF POSITIVE BEHAVIOR INTERVENTIONS
LA English
DT Article
ID SKILLS; STUDENTS; BEHAVIOR; INTERVENTION; PEERS
AB A multiple-probe design across participants was used to evaluate the effects of social stories on the duration of appropriate social engagement and the frequency of 4 social skills in 3 elementary-age students with autism. The social skills were seeking attention, initiating comments, initiating requests, and making contingent responses. Following the intervention, which consisted of reading individualized social stories, answering comprehension questions, and participating in a 10-min play session, the duration of social engagement increased for all 3 students with both a training peer and a novel peer. The number of target social skills displayed during the 10-min play sessions increased after the intervention was introduced. Two students demonstrated generalization to a classroom setting. These findings suggest that the use of social stories without additional social skill interventions may be effective in increasing the duration of social engagement and the frequency of specific social skills.
C1 Florida State Univ, Coll Educ, Tallahassee, FL 32306 USA.
RP Delano, M (reprint author), Florida State Univ, Coll Educ, 205 Stone Bldg, Tallahassee, FL 32306 USA.
EM delano@coe.fsu.edu
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NR 42
TC 51
Z9 51
PU PRO-ED INC
PI AUSTIN
PA 8700 SHOAL CREEK BLVD, AUSTIN, TX 78757-6897 USA
SN 1098-3007
J9 J POSIT BEHAV INTERV
JI J. Posit. Behav. Interv.
PD WIN
PY 2006
VL 8
IS 1
BP 29
EP 42
DI 10.1177/10983007060080010501
PG 14
WC Psychology, Clinical; Education, Special
SC Psychology; Education & Educational Research
GA 000HP
UT WOS:000234452200005
ER
PT J
AU Sansosti, FJ
Powell-Smith, KA
AF Sansosti, FJ
Powell-Smith, KA
TI Using social stories to improve the social behavior of children with
Asperger syndrome
SO JOURNAL OF POSITIVE BEHAVIOR INTERVENTIONS
LA English
DT Article
ID AUTISM
AB To date, the empirical support for the use of social story interventions for children with Asperger syndrome (AS) is small. The purpose of this study was to examine the effects of individualized social story interventions on the social behavior of three children with AS. Using a multiple-baseline-across-participants design, social stories were implemented, and direct observations of the participants' identified target behaviors were conducted three times per week during unstructured school activities (e.g., recess). Data revealed an increase in the social behavior of two of the three participants when the treatment was implemented. Unfortunately, maintenance of target behaviors was not observed. These data provide some initial support for the use of social stories to teach social skills to children diagnosed with AS. However, failure to demonstrate skill maintenance and poor results for one participant highlight possible limitations of the social story intervention and suggest a strong need for further research. Recommendations for future research endeavors and the potential benefits of social story interventions are discussed.
C1 Dist Sch Board Pasco Cty, Dept Student Serv, Land O Lakes, FL 34638 USA.
Univ S Florida, Sch Psychol Program, Tampa, FL USA.
RP Sansosti, FJ (reprint author), Dist Sch Board Pasco Cty, Dept Student Serv, 7227 Land O Lakes Blvd, Land O Lakes, FL 34638 USA.
EM sansost@pasco.k12.fl.us
CR American Psychiatric Association, 1994, DIAGN STAT MAN MENT, V4th
ATWOOD T, 1998, ASPERGERS SYNDROME G
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National Research Council, 2001, ED CHILDR AUT
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NR 32
TC 39
Z9 39
PU PRO-ED INC
PI AUSTIN
PA 8700 SHOAL CREEK BLVD, AUSTIN, TX 78757-6897 USA
SN 1098-3007
J9 J POSIT BEHAV INTERV
JI J. Posit. Behav. Interv.
PD WIN
PY 2006
VL 8
IS 1
BP 43
EP 57
DI 10.1177/10983007060080010601
PG 15
WC Psychology, Clinical; Education, Special
SC Psychology; Education & Educational Research
GA 000HP
UT WOS:000234452200006
ER
PT J
AU [Anonymous]
AF [Anonymous]
TI New resources for individuals with autism
SO JOURNAL OF PSYCHOSOCIAL NURSING AND MENTAL HEALTH SERVICES
LA English
DT News Item
CR 2006, TRAVEL AUTISM VACATI
2006, D FLUTIE FDN AUSTISM
NR 2
TC 0
Z9 0
PU SLACK INC
PI THOROFARE
PA 6900 GROVE RD, THOROFARE, NJ 08086 USA
SN 0279-3695
J9 J PSYCHOSOC NURS
JI J. Psychosoc. Nurs. Ment. Health Serv.
PD DEC
PY 2006
VL 44
IS 12
BP 11
EP 11
PG 1
WC Nursing
SC Nursing
GA V59LO
UT WOS:000204018400012
ER
PT J
AU Nettle, D
AF Nettle, Daniel
TI Schizotypy and mental health amongst poets, visual artists, and
mathematicians
SO JOURNAL OF RESEARCH IN PERSONALITY
LA English
DT Article
DE schizotypy; psychopathology; creativity; poetry; artists; mathematics
ID PSYCHOSIS-PRONE SUBJECTS; FUNCTIONING AUTISM; CREATIVITY; SCHIZOPHRENIA;
TRAITS; PSYCHOPATHOLOGY; PSYCHOTICISM; ASSOCIATION; DISORDERS; QUOTIENT
AB Many researchers have found evidence of an association between creativity and the predisposition to mental illness. However, a number of questions remain unanswered. First, it is not clear whether healthy creatives have a milder loading on schizotypal traits than people who suffer serious psychopathology, or whether they have an equal loading, but other mediating characteristics. Second, most of the existing research has concentrated on artistic creativity, and the position of other creative domains is not yet clear. The present study compares schizotypy profiles using the O-LIFE inventory in a large sample of poets, artists, mathematicians, the general population, and psychiatric patients. Poets and artists have levels of unusual experiences that are higher than controls, and as high as schizophrenia patients. However, they are relatively low on the dimension of introvertive anhedonia. Mathematicians are lower than controls on unusual experiences. The results suggest that artistic creatives and psychiatric patients share a tendency to unusual ideas and experiences, but creative groups are distinguished by the absence of anhedonia and avolition. Moreover, different domains of creativity require different cognitive profiles, with poetry and art associated with divergent thinking, schizophrenia and affective disorder, and mathematics associated with convergent thinking and autism. (c) 2005 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
C1 Newcastle Univ, Newcastle Upon Tyne NE2 4HH, Tyne & Wear, England.
RP Nettle, D (reprint author), Newcastle Univ, Newcastle Upon Tyne NE2 4HH, Tyne & Wear, England.
EM daniel.nettle@ncl.ac.uk
RI Nettle, Daniel/B-2259-2008
OI Nettle, Daniel/0000-0001-9089-2599
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NR 42
TC 93
Z9 93
PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE
PI SAN DIEGO
PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA
SN 0092-6566
J9 J RES PERS
JI J. Res. Pers.
PD DEC
PY 2006
VL 40
IS 6
BP 876
EP 890
DI 10.1016/j.jrp.2005.09.004
PG 15
WC Psychology, Social
SC Psychology
GA 116QD
UT WOS:000242816500002
ER
PT J
AU Hoyt, E
Kang, H
Swain, J
AF Hoyt, Elizabeth
Kang, Hannah
Swain, James
TI Unwritten rules of social relationships: Decoding social mysteries
through the unique perspectives of autism.
SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN ACADEMY OF CHILD AND ADOLESCENT PSYCHIATRY
LA English
DT Book Review
C1 Yale Univ, Sch Med, Ctr Child Study, New Haven, CT 06510 USA.
RP Hoyt, E (reprint author), Yale Univ, Sch Med, Ctr Child Study, 333 Cedar St, New Haven, CT 06510 USA.
CR Grandin Temple, 2005, UNWRITTEN RULES SOCI
NR 1
TC 0
Z9 0
PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS
PI PHILADELPHIA
PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA
SN 0890-8567
J9 J AM ACAD CHILD PSY
JI J. Am. Acad. Child Adolesc. Psychiatr.
PD DEC
PY 2006
VL 45
IS 12
BP 1533
EP 1534
DI 10.1097/01.chi.0000228129.79826.ed
PG 2
WC Psychology, Developmental; Pediatrics; Psychiatry
SC Psychology; Pediatrics; Psychiatry
GA 111XL
UT WOS:000242489100017
ER
PT J
AU Hilt, RJ
AF Hilt, Robert J.
TI The neurology of autism
SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN ACADEMY OF CHILD AND ADOLESCENT PSYCHIATRY
LA English
DT Book Review
C1 Univ Massachusetts, Worcester, MA 01605 USA.
RP Hilt, RJ (reprint author), Univ Massachusetts, Worcester, MA 01605 USA.
CR Benaron LD, 2003, J AUTISM DEV DISORD, V33, P355, DOI 10.1023/A:1024418904060
Coleman M, 2005, NEUROLOGY AUTISM
NR 2
TC 0
Z9 0
PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS
PI PHILADELPHIA
PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA
SN 0890-8567
J9 J AM ACAD CHILD PSY
JI J. Am. Acad. Child Adolesc. Psychiatr.
PD DEC
PY 2006
VL 45
IS 12
BP 1534
EP 1534
DI 10.1097/01.chi.0000240832.48490.ef
PG 1
WC Psychology, Developmental; Pediatrics; Psychiatry
SC Psychology; Pediatrics; Psychiatry
GA 111XL
UT WOS:000242489100018
ER
PT J
AU Gallese, V
AF Gallese, V
TI Mirror neurons and intentional attunement: Commentary on olds
SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN PSYCHOANALYTIC ASSOCIATION
LA English
DT Editorial Material
ID SHARED MANIFOLD HYPOTHESIS; PREMOTOR CORTEX; NEURAL BASIS; RECOGNITION;
IMITATION; EMPATHY; AUTISM; CIRCUITS; EMOTION; SYSTEM
C1 Univ Parma, Dept Neurosci, Physiol Sect, I-43100 Parma, Italy.
RP Gallese, V (reprint author), Univ Parma, Dept Neurosci, Physiol Sect, I-43100 Parma, Italy.
EM vittorio.gallese@unipr.it
CR Adolphs R, 2000, J NEUROSCI, V20, P2683
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NR 44
TC 9
Z9 10
PU AMER PSYCHOANALYTIC ASSOC
PI HILLSDALE
PA 101 WEST STREET, HILLSDALE, NJ 07642 USA
SN 0003-0651
J9 J AM PSYCHOANAL ASS
JI J. Am. Psychoanal. Assoc.
PD WIN
PY 2006
VL 54
IS 1
BP 47
EP 57
PG 11
WC Psychiatry; Psychology, Psychoanalysis
SC Psychiatry; Psychology
GA 018CT
UT WOS:000235742000003
PM 16602345
ER
PT J
AU Donnellan, A
AF Donnellan, Anne
TI Autism and the myth of the person alone
SO MENTAL RETARDATION
LA English
DT Book Review
C1 Univ San Diego, San Diego, CA 92110 USA.
RP Donnellan, A (reprint author), Univ San Diego, San Diego, CA 92110 USA.
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NR 28
TC 0
Z9 0
PU AMER ASSOC MENTAL RETARDATION
PI WASHINGTON
PA 444 N CAPITOL ST, NW, STE 846, WASHINGTON, DC 20001-1512 USA
SN 0047-6765
J9 MENT RETARD
JI Ment. Retard.
PD DEC
PY 2006
VL 44
IS 6
BP 447
EP 449
DI 10.1352/0047-6765(2006)44[447:BR]2.0.CO;2
PG 3
WC Education, Special; Rehabilitation
SC Education & Educational Research; Rehabilitation
GA 115GH
UT WOS:000242722300008
ER
PT J
AU Klauck, SM
Felder, B
Kolb-Kokocinski, A
Schuster, C
Chiocchetti, A
Schupp, I
Wellenreuther, R
Schmotzer, G
Poustka, F
Breitenbach-Koller, L
Poustka, A
AF Klauck, S. M.
Felder, B.
Kolb-Kokocinski, A.
Schuster, C.
Chiocchetti, A.
Schupp, I.
Wellenreuther, R.
Schmoetzer, G.
Poustka, F.
Breitenbach-Koller, L.
Poustka, A.
TI Mutations in the ribosomal protein gene RPL10 suggest a novel modulating
disease mechanism for autism
SO MOLECULAR PSYCHIATRY
LA English
DT Article
DE autism; autistic disorder; ribosomal protein; Xq28; translation
ID PERVASIVE DEVELOPMENTAL DISORDERS; SEROTONIN TRANSPORTER 5-HTT; X
MENTAL-RETARDATION; SACCHAROMYCES-CEREVISIAE; SUBUNIT PROTEIN;
GENOMEWIDE SCREEN; SPECTRUM; HIPPOCAMPUS; INDIVIDUALS; CHROMOSOME
AB Autism has a strong genetic background with a higher frequency of affected males suggesting involvement of X-linked genes and possibly also other factors causing the unbalanced sex ratio in the etiology of the disorder. We have identified two missense mutations in the ribosomal protein gene RPL10 located in Xq28 in two independent families with autism. We have obtained evidence that the amino-acid substitutions L206M and H213Q at the C-terminal end of RPL10 confer hypomorphism with respect to the regulation of the translation process while keeping the basic translation functions intact. This suggests the contribution of a novel, possibly modulating aberrant cellular function operative in autism. Previously, we detected high expression of RPL10 by RNA in situ hybridization in mouse hippocampus, a constituent of the brain limbic system known to be afflicted in autism. Based on these findings, we present a model for autistic disorder where a change in translational function is suggested to impact on those cognitive functions that are mediated through the limbic system.
C1 DKFZ, Div Mol Genome Anal, D-69120 Heidelberg, Germany.
Paris Lodron Univ Salzburg, Dept Cell Biol, Salzburg, Austria.
Univ Frankfurt, Dept Child & Adolescent Psychiat, D-6000 Frankfurt, Germany.
RP Poustka, A (reprint author), DKFZ, Div Mol Genome Anal, Neuenheimer Feld 580, D-69120 Heidelberg, Germany.
EM a.poustka@dkfz.de
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NR 50
TC 33
Z9 36
PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP
PI LONDON
PA MACMILLAN BUILDING, 4 CRINAN ST, LONDON N1 9XW, ENGLAND
SN 1359-4184
J9 MOL PSYCHIATR
JI Mol. Psychiatr.
PD DEC
PY 2006
VL 11
IS 12
BP 1073
EP 1084
DI 10.1038/sj.mp.4001883
PG 12
WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Neurosciences; Psychiatry
SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Neurosciences & Neurology; Psychiatry
GA 110ZH
UT WOS:000242419600005
PM 16940977
ER
PT J
AU Iacoboni, M
Dapretto, M
AF Iacoboni, Marco
Dapretto, Mirella
TI The mirror neuron system and the consequences of its dysfunction
SO NATURE REVIEWS NEUROSCIENCE
LA English
DT Review
ID VENTRAL PREMOTOR CORTEX; EVENT-RELATED FMRI; MOTOR FACILITATION; MACAQUE
MONKEY; ACTION RECOGNITION; SPEECH-PERCEPTION; SOCIAL COGNITION;
FUNCTIONAL CONNECTIVITY; ACTION REPRESENTATION; MAGNETIC STIMULATION
AB The discovery of premotor and parietal cells known as mirror neurons in the macaque brain that fire not only when the animal is in action, but also when it observes others carrying out the same actions provides a plausible neurophysiological mechanism for a variety of important social behaviours, from imitation to empathy. Recent data also show that dysfunction of the mirror neuron system in humans might be a core deficit in autism, a socially isolating condition. Here, we review the neurophysiology of the mirror neuron system and its role in social cognition and discuss the clinical implications of mirror neuron dysfunction.
C1 Univ Calif Los Angeles, Ahmanson Lovelace Brain Mapping Ctr, Dept Psychiat & Biobehav Sci, Neuropsychiat Inst,Brain Res Inst,David Geffen Sc, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA.
RP Iacoboni, M (reprint author), Univ Calif Los Angeles, Ahmanson Lovelace Brain Mapping Ctr, Dept Psychiat & Biobehav Sci, Neuropsychiat Inst,Brain Res Inst,David Geffen Sc, 660 Charles E Young Dr S, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA.
EM iacoboni@ucla.edu; mirella@loni.ucla.edu
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NR 118
TC 450
Z9 470
PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP
PI LONDON
PA MACMILLAN BUILDING, 4 CRINAN ST, LONDON N1 9XW, ENGLAND
SN 1471-0048
J9 NAT REV NEUROSCI
JI Nat. Rev. Neurosci.
PD DEC
PY 2006
VL 7
IS 12
BP 942
EP 951
DI 10.1038/nrn2024
PG 10
WC Neurosciences
SC Neurosciences & Neurology
GA 107KH
UT WOS:000242169300013
PM 17115076
ER
PT J
AU Geier, DA
Geier, MR
AF Geier, David A.
Geier, Mark R.
TI A clinical trial of combined anti-androgen and anti-heavy metal therapy
in autistic disorders
SO NEUROENDOCRINOLOGY LETTERS
LA English
DT Article
DE autistic; DMSA; heavy metal; testosterone
ID CENTRAL PRECOCIOUS PUBERTY; MERCURY; INDIVIDUALS; TAP-144-SR; ACETATE
AB BACKGROUND: A medical hypothesis has suggested that some autism spectrum disorders (ASDs) may result from interactions between the methionine cycle-trans-sulfuration and androgen pathways following exposure to mercury.
METHODS: The IRB of the Institute for Chronic Illnesses approved the present study. A novel treatment was utilized combining LUPRON (R) (leuprolide acetate, TAP Pharmaceuticals, Inc.) and CHEMET (R) (meso-2, 3-dimercaptosuccinic acid - DMSA, McNeil Consumer Products Company) on 11 consecutive children with ASDs.
RESULTS: A significant (p < 0.01) overall improvement from the 70-79th percentile of severity (median baseline score=87) at baseline to the 40-49th percentile of severity (median end of study period score=63) at the end of the study was observed for patients treated for a median of approximately 4 months. Significant improvements in sociability, cognitive awareness, behavior, and clinical symptoms/behaviors of hyperandrogenemia were also observed. Significant decreases in blood androgens and increases in urinary heavy metal concentrations were observed. Minimal drug adverse effects were found.
CONCLUSION: This study provides the first clinical evidence for the benefit that combined anti-androgen and anti-heavy metal therapy may have on some children with ASDs. Additional studies should examine androgen and heavy metal mechanisms of action in ASDs, and future ASD treatment protocols should consider androgens and heavy metals.
C1 Inst Chron Illnesses, Silver Spring, MD USA.
RP Geier, MR (reprint author), 14 Redgate Ct, Silver Spring, MD 20905 USA.
EM mgeier@comcast.net
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NR 20
TC 31
Z9 31
PU MAGHIRA & MAAS PUBLICATIONS
PI STOCKHOLM
PA PO BOX 26132, S-100 41 STOCKHOLM, SWEDEN
SN 0172-780X
J9 NEUROENDOCRINOL LETT
JI Neuroendocrinol. Lett.
PD DEC
PY 2006
VL 27
IS 6
BP 833
EP 838
PG 6
WC Endocrinology & Metabolism; Neurosciences
SC Endocrinology & Metabolism; Neurosciences & Neurology
GA 125MV
UT WOS:000243447000028
PM 17187010
ER
PT J
AU Spencer, MD
Moorhead, TWJ
Lymer, GKS
Job, DE
Muir, WJ
Hoare, P
Owens, DGC
Lawrie, SM
Johnstone, EC
AF Spencer, Michael D.
Moorhead, T. William J.
Lymer, G. Katherine S.
Job, Dominic E.
Muir, Walter J.
Hoare, Peter
Owens, David G. C.
Lawrie, Stephen M.
Johnstone, Eve C.
TI Structural correlates of intellectual impairment and autistic features
in adolescents
SO NEUROIMAGE
LA English
DT Article
ID VOXEL-BASED MORPHOMETRY; HIGH-FUNCTIONING INDIVIDUALS;
MENTAL-RETARDATION; CORPUS-CALLOSUM; SCREENING QUESTIONNAIRE;
LEARNING-DISABILITY; SPECTRUM DISORDER; CHILDHOOD AUTISM; BRAIN
STRUCTURE; ASPERGER-SYNDROME
AB Intellectual disability, a common but under-researebed condition, is strongly associated with autism spectrum disorders (ASD). Although studies have investigated the neural correlates of intelligence quotient (IQ) and ASD in intellectually unimpaired subjects, these issues have not been addressed in intellectually impaired subjects. We studied 63 intellectually disabled adolescents receiving additional learning support and 72 controls using whole brain tissue volumes extracted from native space and voxel-based morphometry (VBM) in normalised space. We applied a qualitative and quantitative review of VBM preprocessing and modified the optimised method to establish optimum co-registration of the brains in normalised space. We report tissue density differences at cluster level with adjustment for underlying smoothness. Individuals with intellectual disability had smaller total white matter and total brain tissue volumes than controls, as well as reduced grey matter density in the right cerebellar hemisphere and left temporoparietal cortex, and reduced white matter density in the posterior corpus callosum. Intellectually disabled subjects were additionally subgrouped according to their degree of reported autistic features. Reduced grey matter density was detected in the thalamus of subjects with autistic features scoring within the pervasive developmental disorder range as compared to subjects below the threshold for ASD, and increased white matter density was detected in the left superior temporal gyrus of subjects scoring above the threshold for autism as compared to subjects below the threshold for ASD. (c) 2006 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
C1 Univ Edinburgh, Royal Edinburgh Hosp, Div Psychiat, Edinburgh EH10 5HF, Midlothian, Scotland.
RP Spencer, MD (reprint author), Univ Edinburgh, Royal Edinburgh Hosp, Div Psychiat, Edinburgh EH10 5HF, Midlothian, Scotland.
EM m.d.spencer@ed.ac.uk
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NR 64
TC 30
Z9 33
PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE
PI SAN DIEGO
PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA
SN 1053-8119
J9 NEUROIMAGE
JI Neuroimage
PD DEC
PY 2006
VL 33
IS 4
BP 1136
EP 1144
DI 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2006.08.011
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WC Neurosciences; Neuroimaging; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical
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SC Neurosciences & Neurology; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging
GA 108TU
UT WOS:000242262900012
PM 16996749
ER
PT J
AU Bartz, J
Anagnostou, E
Fan, J
Hollander, E
AF Bartz, Jennifer
Anagnostou, Evdokia
Fan, Jin
Hollander, Eric
TI Oxytocin and experimental therapeutics in autism spectrum disorders
SO NEUROPSYCHOPHARMACOLOGY
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
CT 45th Annual Meeting of the American-College-of-Neuropsychopharmacolgy
CY DEC 03-07, 2006
CL Hollywood, FL
SP Amer Coll Neuropsychopharmacol
C1 Mt Sinai Sch Med, New York, NY USA.
NR 0
TC 1
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PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP
PI LONDON
PA MACMILLAN BUILDING, 4 CRINAN ST, LONDON N1 9XW, ENGLAND
SN 0893-133X
J9 NEUROPSYCHOPHARMACOL
JI Neuropsychopharmacology
PD DEC
PY 2006
VL 31
SU 1
BP S9
EP S10
PG 2
WC Neurosciences; Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Psychiatry
SC Neurosciences & Neurology; Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Psychiatry
GA 108BS
UT WOS:000242215900029
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PT J
AU Jacob, S
Brune, CW
Carter, CS
Leventhal, B
Lord, C
Cook, EH
AF Jacob, Suma
Brune, Camille W.
Carter, C. S.
Leventhal, Bennett
Lord, Catherine
Cook, Edwin H.
TI Association of the oxytocin receptor gene (OXTR) in Caucasian children
and adolescents with autism
SO NEUROPSYCHOPHARMACOLOGY
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
CT 45th Annual Meeting of the American-College-of-Neuropsychopharmacolgy
CY DEC 03-07, 2006
CL Hollywood, FL
SP Amer Coll Neuropsychopharmacol
C1 Univ Illinois, Chicago, IL USA.
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP
PI LONDON
PA MACMILLAN BUILDING, 4 CRINAN ST, LONDON N1 9XW, ENGLAND
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J9 NEUROPSYCHOPHARMACOL
JI Neuropsychopharmacology
PD DEC
PY 2006
VL 31
SU 1
BP S210
EP S210
PG 1
WC Neurosciences; Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Psychiatry
SC Neurosciences & Neurology; Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Psychiatry
GA 108BS
UT WOS:000242215900558
ER
PT J
AU Narasimhan, M
Bruce, TO
Ballard, JF
Patkar, A
Masand, P
Rech, R
AF Narasimhan, Meera
Bruce, Travis O.
Ballard, John F.
Patkar, Ashwin
Masand, Prakash
Rech, Richard
TI An open-label trial of aripiprazole in the treatment of autism and its
correlation to whole blood serotonin levels and serotonin transporter
(5HTTPLR) function
SO NEUROPSYCHOPHARMACOLOGY
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
CT 45th Annual Meeting of the American-College-of-Neuropsychopharmacolgy
CY DEC 03-07, 2006
CL Hollywood, FL
SP Amer Coll Neuropsychopharmacol
C1 Univ S Carolina, Columbia, SC 29208 USA.
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP
PI LONDON
PA MACMILLAN BUILDING, 4 CRINAN ST, LONDON N1 9XW, ENGLAND
SN 0893-133X
J9 NEUROPSYCHOPHARMACOL
JI Neuropsychopharmacology
PD DEC
PY 2006
VL 31
SU 1
BP S259
EP S260
PG 2
WC Neurosciences; Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Psychiatry
SC Neurosciences & Neurology; Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Psychiatry
GA 108BS
UT WOS:000242215900681
ER
PT J
AU Prasad, HC
Blakely, RD
Sutcliffe, JS
AF Prasad, Harish C.
Blakely, Randy D.
Sutcliffe, James S.
TI Autism-associated serotonin transporter variants confer gain of function
phenotypes arising through distinct mechanisms
SO NEUROPSYCHOPHARMACOLOGY
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
CT 45th Annual Meeting of the American-College-of-Neuropsychopharmacolgy
CY DEC 03-07, 2006
CL Hollywood, FL
SP Amer Coll Neuropsychopharmacol
C1 Vanderbilt Univ, Nashville, TN USA.
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP
PI LONDON
PA MACMILLAN BUILDING, 4 CRINAN ST, LONDON N1 9XW, ENGLAND
SN 0893-133X
J9 NEUROPSYCHOPHARMACOL
JI Neuropsychopharmacology
PD DEC
PY 2006
VL 31
SU 1
BP S82
EP S83
PG 2
WC Neurosciences; Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Psychiatry
SC Neurosciences & Neurology; Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Psychiatry
GA 108BS
UT WOS:000242215900237
ER
PT J
AU Blaxill, MF
AF Blaxill, Mark F.
TI Why are so many children sick? A review of the time trend evidence and
related controversies in autism.
SO NEUROTOXICOLOGY
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
CT 23rd International Neurotoxicology Conference
CY SEP 17-21, 2006
CL Little Rock, AR
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0161-813X
J9 NEUROTOXICOLOGY
JI Neurotoxicology
PD DEC
PY 2006
VL 27
IS 6
BP 1149
EP 1149
PG 1
WC Neurosciences; Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Toxicology
SC Neurosciences & Neurology; Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Toxicology
GA 122FO
UT WOS:000243211300031
ER
PT J
AU Kahler, SG
AF Kahler, S. G.
TI Dietary and intestinal issues in autism.
SO NEUROTOXICOLOGY
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
CT 23rd International Neurotoxicology Conference
CY SEP 17-21, 2006
CL Little Rock, AR
C1 Univ Arkansas Med Sci, Little Rock, AR 72205 USA.
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0161-813X
J9 NEUROTOXICOLOGY
JI Neurotoxicology
PD DEC
PY 2006
VL 27
IS 6
BP 1150
EP 1150
PG 1
WC Neurosciences; Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Toxicology
SC Neurosciences & Neurology; Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Toxicology
GA 122FO
UT WOS:000243211300032
ER
PT J
AU Herbert, M
AF Herbert, Martha
TI Autism: A brain disorder or a disorder that affects the brain?
SO NEUROTOXICOLOGY
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
CT 23rd International Neurotoxicology Conference
CY SEP 17-21, 2006
CL Little Rock, AR
DE autism; brain; complex systems; connectivity; gene-environment
interaction
C1 Harvard Univ, Massachusetts Gen Hosp, Harvard Sch Med, Boston, MA 02115 USA.
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0161-813X
J9 NEUROTOXICOLOGY
JI Neurotoxicology
PD DEC
PY 2006
VL 27
IS 6
BP 1151
EP 1152
PG 2
WC Neurosciences; Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Toxicology
SC Neurosciences & Neurology; Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Toxicology
GA 122FO
UT WOS:000243211300037
ER
PT J
AU Pessah, I
AF Pessah, Isaac
TI Toward understanding autism's complexities.
SO NEUROTOXICOLOGY
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
CT 23rd International Neurotoxicology Conference
CY SEP 17-21, 2006
CL Little Rock, AR
C1 Univ Calif Davis, Davis, CA 95616 USA.
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0161-813X
J9 NEUROTOXICOLOGY
JI Neurotoxicology
PD DEC
PY 2006
VL 27
IS 6
BP 1152
EP 1152
PG 1
WC Neurosciences; Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Toxicology
SC Neurosciences & Neurology; Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Toxicology
GA 122FO
UT WOS:000243211300038
ER
PT J
AU Bradstreet, J
AF Bradstreet, Jeff
TI Autism: The clinical picture.
SO NEUROTOXICOLOGY
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
CT 23rd International Neurotoxicology Conference
CY SEP 17-21, 2006
CL Little Rock, AR
C1 Florida Hosp Celebrat, Intl Child Dev Resource Ctr, Melbourne, FL USA.
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0161-813X
J9 NEUROTOXICOLOGY
JI Neurotoxicology
PD DEC
PY 2006
VL 27
IS 6
BP 1154
EP 1154
PG 1
WC Neurosciences; Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Toxicology
SC Neurosciences & Neurology; Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Toxicology
GA 122FO
UT WOS:000243211300045
ER
PT J
AU Herbert, M
Pessah, I
AF Herbert, Martha
Pessah, Isaac
TI Advancing the science of autism spectrum disorders: Introduction and
overview.
SO NEUROTOXICOLOGY
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
CT 23rd International Neurotoxicology Conference
CY SEP 17-21, 2006
CL Little Rock, AR
C1 Harvard Univ, Massachusetts Gen Hosp, Harvard Med Sch, Boston, MA USA.
Univ Calif Davis, Davis, CA 95616 USA.
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0161-813X
J9 NEUROTOXICOLOGY
JI Neurotoxicology
PD DEC
PY 2006
VL 27
IS 6
BP 1154
EP 1154
PG 1
WC Neurosciences; Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Toxicology
SC Neurosciences & Neurology; Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Toxicology
GA 122FO
UT WOS:000243211300044
ER
PT J
AU Pessah, I
AF Pessah, Isaac
TI Critical mechanisms, moving targets: Understanding immune system
modulation in autism risk.
SO NEUROTOXICOLOGY
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
CT 23rd International Neurotoxicology Conference
CY SEP 17-21, 2006
CL Little Rock, AR
C1 Univ Calif Davis, Davis, CA 95616 USA.
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0161-813X
J9 NEUROTOXICOLOGY
JI Neurotoxicology
PD DEC
PY 2006
VL 27
IS 6
BP 1155
EP 1155
PG 1
WC Neurosciences; Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Toxicology
SC Neurosciences & Neurology; Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Toxicology
GA 122FO
UT WOS:000243211300049
ER
PT J
AU Rossignol, D
Mumper, E
James, J
Melnyk, S
Rossignol, L
AF Rossignol, Dan
Mumper, Elizabeth
James, Jill
Melnyk, Stepan
Rossignol, Lanier
TI Hyperbaric oxygen therapy in autistic children improves symptomology,
decreases markers of inflammation, and has neutral effects on oxidative
stress.
SO NEUROTOXICOLOGY
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
CT 23rd International Neurotoxicology Conference
CY SEP 17-21, 2006
CL Little Rock, AR
DE autism; hyperbaric oxygen therapy; inflammation
C1 Univ Virginia, Dept Family Med, Charlottesville, VA USA.
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0161-813X
J9 NEUROTOXICOLOGY
JI Neurotoxicology
PD DEC
PY 2006
VL 27
IS 6
BP 1155
EP 1156
PG 2
WC Neurosciences; Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Toxicology
SC Neurosciences & Neurology; Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Toxicology
GA 122FO
UT WOS:000243211300050
ER
PT J
AU Rossignol, D
AF Rossignol, Dan
TI Evidence of impaired mercury efflux in autism.
SO NEUROTOXICOLOGY
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
CT 23rd International Neurotoxicology Conference
CY SEP 17-21, 2006
CL Little Rock, AR
C1 Univ Virginia, Dept Family Med, Charlottesville, VA USA.
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0161-813X
J9 NEUROTOXICOLOGY
JI Neurotoxicology
PD DEC
PY 2006
VL 27
IS 6
BP 1173
EP 1173
PG 1
WC Neurosciences; Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Toxicology
SC Neurosciences & Neurology; Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Toxicology
GA 122FO
UT WOS:000243211300100
ER
PT J
AU ter Schure, A
Yager, J
AF ter Schure, A.
Yager, J.
TI Examining databases used to evaluate trends in neuro development
disorders.
SO NEUROTOXICOLOGY
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
CT 23rd International Neurotoxicology Conference
CY SEP 17-21, 2006
CL Little Rock, AR
DE autism; thimerosal; database-analysis
C1 Elect Power Res Inst, Air Qual Hlth & Risk Assesment, Palo Alto, CA USA.
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0161-813X
J9 NEUROTOXICOLOGY
JI Neurotoxicology
PD DEC
PY 2006
VL 27
IS 6
BP 1182
EP 1182
PG 1
WC Neurosciences; Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Toxicology
SC Neurosciences & Neurology; Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Toxicology
GA 122FO
UT WOS:000243211300125
ER
PT J
AU Graves, JT
Walker, SJ
AF Graves, J. T.
Walker, S. J.
TI Microarray analysis of TNFRSF and other cytokine mRNAS differentially
regulated in autistic, EBV-immortalized B-lymphocytes.
SO NEUROTOXICOLOGY
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
CT 23rd International Neurotoxicology Conference
CY SEP 17-21, 2006
CL Little Rock, AR
DE autism; cell culture; gene expression
C1 Wake Forest Univ, Sch Med, Dept Physiol & Pharmacol, Winston Salem, NC 27109 USA.
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0161-813X
J9 NEUROTOXICOLOGY
JI Neurotoxicology
PD DEC
PY 2006
VL 27
IS 6
BP 1184
EP 1184
PG 1
WC Neurosciences; Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Toxicology
SC Neurosciences & Neurology; Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Toxicology
GA 122FO
UT WOS:000243211300132
ER
PT J
AU Kahler, SG
Cooper, E
Gaylor, D
AF Kahler, S. G.
Cooper, E.
Gaylor, D.
TI Peptiduria in autism and related disorders: An exploratory study.
SO NEUROTOXICOLOGY
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
CT 23rd International Neurotoxicology Conference
CY SEP 17-21, 2006
CL Little Rock, AR
C1 Univ Arkansas Med Sci, Little Rock, AR 72205 USA.
Murdoch Childrens Res Inst, Parkville, Vic, Australia.
Gaylor & Assoc Eureka, Springs, AR USA.
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0161-813X
J9 NEUROTOXICOLOGY
JI Neurotoxicology
PD DEC
PY 2006
VL 27
IS 6
BP 1184
EP 1185
PG 2
WC Neurosciences; Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Toxicology
SC Neurosciences & Neurology; Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Toxicology
GA 122FO
UT WOS:000243211300133
ER
PT J
AU Owens, SE
Summar, ML
Haines, JL
Aschner, M
AF Owens, S. E.
Summar, M. L.
Haines, J. L.
Aschner, M.
TI Genetic susceptibility in autism.
SO NEUROTOXICOLOGY
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
CT 23rd International Neurotoxicology Conference
CY SEP 17-21, 2006
CL Little Rock, AR
DE genetics; mercury; autism
C1 Vanderbilt Univ, Sch Med, Dept Pediat, Nashville, TN 37212 USA.
Vanderbilt Univ, Sch Med, Ctr Human Genet Res, Nashville, TN 37212 USA.
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0161-813X
J9 NEUROTOXICOLOGY
JI Neurotoxicology
PD DEC
PY 2006
VL 27
IS 6
BP 1184
EP 1184
PG 1
WC Neurosciences; Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Toxicology
SC Neurosciences & Neurology; Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Toxicology
GA 122FO
UT WOS:000243211300131
ER
PT J
AU Walker, SJ
Nelson, A
Blaxill, M
Aschner, M
AF Walker, S. J.
Nelson, A.
Blaxill, M.
Aschner, M.
TI Transport of ethylmercury and methylmercury in an in vitro blood-brain
barrier model.
SO NEUROTOXICOLOGY
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
CT 23rd International Neurotoxicology Conference
CY SEP 17-21, 2006
CL Little Rock, AR
DE autism; blood brain barrier; ethylmercury
C1 Wake Forest Univ, Sch Med, Dept Physiol & Pharmacol, Winston Salem, NC 27109 USA.
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0161-813X
J9 NEUROTOXICOLOGY
JI Neurotoxicology
PD DEC
PY 2006
VL 27
IS 6
BP 1185
EP 1185
PG 1
WC Neurosciences; Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Toxicology
SC Neurosciences & Neurology; Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Toxicology
GA 122FO
UT WOS:000243211300134
ER
PT J
AU Melnyk, S
Jernigan, S
Savenka, A
James, SJ
AF Melnyk, Stepan
Jernigan, Stefanie
Savenka, Alena
James, S. Jill
TI Increased intracellular free radical production and decreased
glutathione redox ratio in lymphoblastoid cell lines from autistic
children.
SO NEUROTOXICOLOGY
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
CT 23rd International Neurotoxicology Conference
CY SEP 17-21, 2006
CL Little Rock, AR
DE autism; oxidative stress; Thimerosal
C1 Univ Arkansas Med Sci, Arkansas Childrens Hosp Res Inst, Little Rock, AR 72205 USA.
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0161-813X
J9 NEUROTOXICOLOGY
JI Neurotoxicology
PD DEC
PY 2006
VL 27
IS 6
BP 1190
EP 1191
PG 2
WC Neurosciences; Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Toxicology
SC Neurosciences & Neurology; Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Toxicology
GA 122FO
UT WOS:000243211300150
ER
PT J
AU Traboulsi, EI
Koenekoop, R
Stone, EM
AF Traboulsi, Elias I.
Koenekoop, Robert
Stone, Edwin M.
TI Lumpers or splitters? The role of molecular diagnosis in leber
congenital amaurosis
SO OPHTHALMIC GENETICS
LA English
DT Editorial Material
DE leber congenital amaurosis; classification; Joubert syndrome; CEP290
gene; blindness congenital; review; perspective; editorial; retinal
dystrophy; genetic testing
ID MUTATIONS; GENE
AB Clarification and classification of the congenital form of blindness known as Leber congenital amaurosis (LCA) continues to provide its challenges and dilemmas. Until recently, seven genes have been identified that cause LCA. Clarifying the relation between LCA and associated neurological abnormalities such as autism, seizures, and hypotony, and unraveling the relationship between the ocular LCA phenotype and that associated with distinct systemic entities such as Joubert syndrome, Senior-Loken syndrome and Saldino-Mainzer syndrome has taken on new importance with the discovery that a substantial proportion of patients with LCA have mutations in the CEP290 gene that causes Joubert syndrome. This commentary explores the implications of this recent discovery and revisits the classification of LCA.
C1 Cole Eye Inst, Ctr Genet Eye Dis, Cleveland, OH 44195 USA.
McGill Univ, Montreal Childrens Hosp, Res Inst, McGill Ocular Genet Lab, Montreal, PQ H3H 1P3, Canada.
Univ Iowa, Carver Coll Med, Iowa City, IA 52242 USA.
Howard Hughes Med Inst, Iowa City, IA 52242 USA.
RP Traboulsi, EI (reprint author), Cole Eye Inst, Ctr Genet Eye Dis, I32,9500 Euclid Ave, Cleveland, OH 44195 USA.
EM traboue@ccf.org
CR Allikmets Rando, 2004, Ophthalmic Genet, V25, P67, DOI 10.1080/13816810490514261
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NR 10
TC 12
Z9 12
PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC
PI PHILADELPHIA
PA 325 CHESTNUT ST, SUITE 800, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA
SN 1381-6810
J9 OPHTHALMIC GENET
JI Ophthalmic Genet.
PD DEC
PY 2006
VL 27
IS 4
BP 113
EP 115
DI 10.1080/1381681060103146
PG 3
WC Genetics & Heredity; Ophthalmology
SC Genetics & Heredity; Ophthalmology
GA 112WN
UT WOS:000242558600001
PM 17148037
ER
PT J
AU D'Souza, Y
Fombonne, E
Ward, BJ
AF D'Souza, Y.
Fombonne, E.
Ward, B. J.
TI No evidence of persisting measles virus in peripheral blood mononuclear
cells from children with autism spectrum disorder. (vol 118, pg 1664,
2006)
SO PEDIATRICS
LA English
DT Correction
CR D'Souza Y, 2006, PEDIATRICS, V118, P1664, DOI 10.1542/peds.2006-1262
NR 1
TC 1
Z9 1
PU AMER ACAD PEDIATRICS
PI ELK GROVE VILLAGE
PA 141 NORTH-WEST POINT BLVD,, ELK GROVE VILLAGE, IL 60007-1098 USA
SN 0031-4005
J9 PEDIATRICS
JI Pediatrics
PD DEC
PY 2006
VL 118
IS 6
BP 2608
EP 2608
DI 10.1542/peds.2006-3102
PG 1
WC Pediatrics
SC Pediatrics
GA 111TX
UT WOS:000242478900050
ER
PT J
AU de Bildt, A
Mulder, EJ
Scheers, T
Minderaa, RB
Tobi, H
AF de Bildt, Annelies
Mulder, Erik J.
Scheers, Tom
Minderaa, Ruud B.
Tobi, Hilde
TI Pervasive developmental disorder, behavior problems, and psychotropic
drug use in children and adolescents with mental retardation
SO PEDIATRICS
LA English
DT Article
DE mental retardation; children; adolescents; psychopharmacology; pervasive
developmental disorder; behavior problems; psychotropic agents
ID AUTISM SPECTRUM DISORDERS; INTELLECTUAL DISABILITY;
PSYCHIATRIC-DISORDERS; RISPERIDONE; SCALES; PSYCHOPHARMACOLOGY;
POPULATION; PREVALENCE; INSTRUMENT; MEDICATION
AB OBJECTIVE. This study investigated the interrelationship between psychopharmaco-therapy in general and the use of specific psychotropic drugs and pervasive developmental disorder and other behavior problems in children and adolescents with mental retardation.
METHODS. A total of 862 participants 4 to 18 years of age, including all levels of mental retardation, were recruited through facilities for children with mental retardation in Friesland, the Netherlands. Information on medication was collected through parent interviews. Behavior problems were investigated with a standardized parent questionnaire (Developmental Behavior Checklist). A pervasive developmental disorder classification was based on the Pervasive Developmental Disorder in Mental Retardation Scale, completed by psychologists or teachers. Logistic regression analysis was used to investigate the relationship between the use of psychotropic drugs and pervasive developmental disorder and other behavioral problems, in the presence of possible confounders.
RESULTS. One of 10 participants used psychotropic medication. The main factors associated with psychotropic drug use were pervasive developmental disorder and disruptive behavior. The level of functioning was also associated. Self-absorbed behavior was statistically significantly associated with clonidine use and disruptive behavior with stimulant use. Pervasive developmental disorder and communication problems were the main factors associated with the use of antipsychotic drugs. Age also played a role, whereas gender, living situation, and level of mental retardation did not.
CONCLUSIONS. Antipsychotic drugs were associated with pervasive developmental disorder, whereas clonidine and stimulants were associated with self-absorbed and disruptive behavior, respectively. Although clonidine and risperidone are not registered for the problems reported and the other nonstimulants were only sometimes used on-label, their use was associated with specific psychiatric or behavioral problems.
C1 Univ Groningen, Ctr Child & Adolescent Psychiat, Med Ctr, Accare Univ, NL-9700 AR Groningen, Netherlands.
Univ Groningen, Inst Drug Explorat, Dept Social Pharm Pharmacoepidemiol & Pharmacothe, Groningen, Netherlands.
Social Sci Wageningen Univ Res, Res Methodol Grp, Wageningen, Netherlands.
RP de Bildt, A (reprint author), Univ Groningen, Ctr Child & Adolescent Psychiat, Med Ctr, Accare Univ, POB 660, NL-9700 AR Groningen, Netherlands.
EM a.de.bildt@accare.nl
RI Tobi, Hilde/A-1512-2013
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NR 33
TC 8
Z9 8
PU AMER ACAD PEDIATRICS
PI ELK GROVE VILLAGE
PA 141 NORTH-WEST POINT BLVD,, ELK GROVE VILLAGE, IL 60007-1098 USA
SN 0031-4005
J9 PEDIATRICS
JI Pediatrics
PD DEC
PY 2006
VL 118
IS 6
BP E1860
EP E1866
DI 10.1542/peds.2005-3101
PG 7
WC Pediatrics
SC Pediatrics
GA 111TX
UT WOS:000242478900083
PM 17142506
ER
PT J
AU Voracek, M
Dressler, SG
AF Voracek, Martin
Dressler, Stefan G.
TI Lack of correlation between digit ratio (2D : 4D) and Baron-Cohen's
"Reading the Mind in the Eyes" test, empathy, systemising, and
autism-spectrum quotients in a general population sample
SO PERSONALITY AND INDIVIDUAL DIFFERENCES
LA English
DT Article
DE digit ratio (2D : 4D); prenatal testosterone; empathising; systemising;
autism phenotype; sex differences
ID HIGH-FUNCTIONING AUTISM; NORMAL SEX-DIFFERENCES; ASPERGER-SYNDROME;
FETAL TESTOSTERONE; FINGER-LENGTH; 2ND; ADULTS; CHILDREN; PERSONALITY;
DISORDERS
AB The second-to-fourth digit ratio (2D:4D) is sexually differentiated and is a likely biomarker for the organisational (permanent) effects of prenatal testosterone on the human brain. Recent research has highlighted a possible role of prenatal testosterone levels in both the etiology of autism-spectrum disorders and in sex and individual differences in cognitive styles of the normal mind (Baron-Cohen's Extreme Male Brain Theory of Autism and Empathising/Systemising Theory). Importantly, autistic children present lower (hypermasculinised) 2D:4D than healthy controls. Based on these accounts, we investigated the relation of 2D:4D with Baron-Cohen's measures of empathising ("Reading the Mind in the Eyes" test, RMET; Empathy Quotient, EQ), systemising (Systemising Quotient, SQ), and autistic-like traits (Autism-Spectrum Quotient, AQ) in the general population (N = 423 Austrian adults). Whereas sex differences into the expected direction and of expected size were obtained for all variables and internal scale consistencies tallied to retrievable reference values, 213:413 was unrelated to RMET, EQ, SQ, and AQ scores. Candidate explanations for this lack of correlation might be possible developmental timing differences in the expression of 2D:4D and empathising/systemising, qualitative (as opposed to quantitative) functional differences between the normal and the autistic mind, or the suboptimal psychometric properties of the measures. (c) 2006 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
C1 Univ Vienna, Sch Psychol, Dept Basic Psychol Res, Vienna, Austria.
RP Voracek, M (reprint author), Univ Vienna, Sch Psychol, Dept Basic Psychol Res, Waehringer Guertel 18, Vienna, Austria.
EM martin.voracek@univie.ac.at
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NR 35
TC 58
Z9 58
PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND
SN 0191-8869
J9 PERS INDIV DIFFER
JI Pers. Individ. Differ.
PD DEC
PY 2006
VL 41
IS 8
BP 1481
EP 1491
DI 10.1016/j.paid.2006.06.009
PG 11
WC Psychology, Social
SC Psychology
GA 111OH
UT WOS:000242462000010
ER
PT J
AU Cundall, MK
AF Cundall, Michael K., Jr.
TI Rethinking the divide: Modules and central systems
SO PHILOSOPHIA
LA English
DT Article
DE autism; modules; central systems social cognition; theory of mind
AB In this paper I argue that the cognitive system is best viewed as a continuum of cognitive processing from modules to central systems rather than having these as discrete and wholly different modes of cognitive processing. I rely on recent evidence on the development of theory of mind (ToM) abilities and the developmental disorder of autism. I then turn to the phenomenology of modular processes. I show that modular outputs have a stronger force than non-modular or central system outputs. I then evaluate social cognitions and show them to occupy a middle ground with respect to phenomenal strength between modular and non-modular outputs. The evidence presented then seems to indicate a continuum of cognitive processing rather than the traditional division between modules and central systems.
C1 Arkansas State Univ, State Univ, AR 72401 USA.
RP Cundall, MK (reprint author), Arkansas State Univ, POB 2889, State Univ, AR 72401 USA.
EM mcundall@astate.edu
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NR 26
TC 1
Z9 1
PU SPRINGER
PI DORDRECHT
PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS
SN 0048-3893
J9 PHILOSOPHIA
JI Philosophia
PD DEC
PY 2006
VL 34
IS 4
BP 379
EP 393
DI 10.1007/s11406-006-9034-8
PG 15
WC Philosophy
SC Philosophy
GA V44QM
UT WOS:000203017200001
ER
PT J
AU Meltzer, LJ
Mindell, JA
AF Meltzer, Lisa J.
Mindell, Jodi A.
TI Sleep and sleep disorders in children and adolescents
SO PSYCHIATRIC CLINICS OF NORTH AMERICA
LA English
DT Article
ID ATTENTION-DEFICIT/HYPERACTIVITY DISORDER; RESTLESS LEGS SYNDROME;
SCHOOL-AGE-CHILDREN; DAYTIME SLEEPINESS; MOVEMENT-DISORDER; MAJOR
DEPRESSION; PHASE SYNDROME; NIGHT WAKING; AUTISM; SYMPTOMS
AB Pediatric sleep disorders are common, affecting approximately 25% to 40% of children and adolescents. Although there are several different types of sleep disorders that affect youth, each disorder can have a significant impact on daytime functioning and development, including learning, growth, behavior, and emotion regulation. Researchers are only beginning to uncover the 'interaction between sleep and psychiatric disorders in children and adolescents, 'including depression, attentiondeficit/hyperactivity disorder, and autism. This article reviews normal sleep and sleep disorders in children and adolescents, the assessment of sleep in pediatric populations, common pediatric sleep disorders, and sleep in children who have common psychiatric disorders.
C1 Childrens Hosp Philadelphia, Div Pulm Med, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA.
Univ Penn, Sch Med, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA.
St Josephs Univ, Philadelphia, PA 19131 USA.
Childrens Hosp Philadelphia, Sleep Ctr, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA.
RP Meltzer, LJ (reprint author), Childrens Hosp Philadelphia, Div Pulm Med, 3535 Mkt St,14th Floor, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA.
EM meltzerL@email.chop.edu
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NR 69
TC 67
Z9 68
PU W B SAUNDERS CO-ELSEVIER INC
PI PHILADELPHIA
PA 1600 JOHN F KENNEDY BOULEVARD, STE 1800, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19103-2899 USA
SN 0193-953X
J9 PSYCHIAT CLIN N AM
JI Psychiatr. Clin. North Amer.
PD DEC
PY 2006
VL 29
IS 4
BP 1059
EP +
DI 10.1016/j.psc.2006.08.004
PG 19
WC Psychiatry
SC Psychiatry
GA 118ZT
UT WOS:000242982700013
PM 17118282
ER
PT J
AU Sakurai, T
Ramoz, N
Reichert, JG
Corwin, TE
Kryzak, L
Smith, CJ
Silverman, JM
Hollander, E
Buxbaum, JD
AF Sakurai, Takeshi
Ramoz, Nicolas
Reichert, Jennifer G.
Corwin, Thomas E.
Kryzak, Lauren
Smith, Christopher J.
Silverman, Jeremy M.
Hollander, Eric
Buxbaum, Joseph D.
TI Association analysis of the NrCAM gene in autism and in subsets of
families with severe obsessive-compulsive or self-stimulatory behaviors
SO PSYCHIATRIC GENETICS
LA English
DT Article
DE autism disorder; AUTS1; behaviors; brain; cell adhesion molecule; drug
addiction; receptor; 7q31
ID PERVASIVE DEVELOPMENTAL DISORDERS; CHROMOSOME 7Q; SUSCEPTIBILITY GENES;
SPECTRUM DISORDERS; SYMPTOM DOMAINS; CANDIDATE GENES; GENOMIC SCREEN;
NR-CAM; LINKAGE; ETIOLOGY
AB Objectives An autism susceptibility locus (AUTS1, MIM#608636) has been identified in chromosome 7q31. NrCAM is a candidate gene for AUTS1 because it is expressed in the brain and encodes a receptor involved in nervous system development. Polymorphisms in NrCAM have been reported to be associated with autism susceptibility and with substance abuse, implicating NrCAM in reward circuitry. Self-stimulatory, perseverative behavior in autism might be due to defects in reward circuitry. In addition, models of drug addiction have also borrowed from models of obsessive-compulsive behavior designed to reduce anxiety. Thus, our goals were to replicate previous associations of NrCAM with autism, making use of a large cohort, and to clarify whether NrCAM was associated with a specific endophenotype of autism in the repetitive behaviors and stereotyped interests domains.
Methods We genotyped six NrCAM single nucleotide polymorphisms in 352 families and we tested for association between these, polymorphisms and autism in the entire cohort and in two subsets, one with severe obsessive-compulsive behaviors and one with pronounced self-stimulatory behaviors.
Results We found no association between single nucleotide polymorphisms of NrCAM and autism in our large cohort, or in the severe obsessive-compulsive behavior and self-stimulatory behavior subsets. However, we observed a significant overtransmission (21 transmitted vs 6 nontransmitted, X = 12.054, P = 0.0005) of the haplotype G-G-A-G-C-A of rs722519-rs1269622-rs405945-rs6958498-rs401433-rs439587 in the severe obsessive-compulsive behavior subset, likely driven by the G-C haplotype of rs6958498-rs401433, which itself showed significant overtransmission (31 transmitted vs 13 nontransmitted, X = 8.844, P = 0.003).
Conclusions Overtransmission of particular haplotypes of NrCAM, that may relate to the expression level of NrCAM in the brain, appeared to be associated with autism in the severe obsessive-compulsive behavior subset.
C1 Mt Sinai Sch Med, Dept Psychiat, New York, NY 10029 USA.
Mt Sinai Sch Med, Dept Pharmacol & Biol Chem, New York, NY 10029 USA.
Mt Sinai Sch Med, Dept Neurosci, New York, NY 10029 USA.
Mt Sinai Sch Med, Seaver Autism Res Ctr, New York, NY 10029 USA.
RP Buxbaum, JD (reprint author), Mt Sinai Sch Med, Dept Psychiat, 1 Gustave L Levy Pl,Box 1668, New York, NY 10029 USA.
EM joseph.buxbaum@mssm.edu
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NR 39
TC 29
Z9 31
PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS
PI PHILADELPHIA
PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA
SN 0955-8829
J9 PSYCHIAT GENET
JI Psychiatr. Genet.
PD DEC
PY 2006
VL 16
IS 6
BP 251
EP 257
DI 10.1097/01.ypg.0000242196.81891.c9
PG 7
WC Genetics & Heredity; Neurosciences
SC Genetics & Heredity; Neurosciences & Neurology
GA 114QN
UT WOS:000242680800011
PM 17106428
ER
PT J
AU Wang, YF
Su, YJ
AF Wang, Yifang
Su, Yanjie
TI Theory of mind in old adults: The performance on Happe's stories and
faux pas stories
SO PSYCHOLOGIA
LA English
DT Article
DE theory of mind; old adults; strange stories; faux pas stories
ID FALSE BELIEF; CHILDREN; GENDER; AGE; REPRESENTATION; AUTISM
AB Theory of mind abilities in old adults did not receive attention until Happe, Winner, and Brownell (1998) found that the theory of mind performance improved with advancing age. However, Maylor, Moulson, Muncer, and Taylor (2002) and Sullivan and Ruffman (2004) reported that the old adults performed worse than the young adults on theory of mind stories. We used "strange stories" (Happe et al., 1998; Maylor et al., 2002) and faux pas stories (Stone Baron-Cohen, Calder, Keane, & Young, 2003) separately to examine the theory of mind abilities of an old and a young group with IQ and educational level matched. We found that the performance of the old group was worse than that of the young group on the faux pas stories, especially in the faux pas understanding, but no significant difference existed between the two age groups in the strange stories understanding. Moreover, the performance on the faux pas and strange stories for both old and young adults was separately independent of fluid intelligence, full-scale IQ, verbal IQ, and performance IQ.
C1 Peking Univ, Dept Psychol, Beijing 100871, Peoples R China.
Capital Normal Univ, Beijing, Peoples R China.
RP Su, YJ (reprint author), Peking Univ, Dept Psychol, Beijing 100871, Peoples R China.
EM yjsu@pku.edu.cn
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NR 23
TC 6
Z9 8
PU PSYCHOLOGIA SOC
PI KYOTO
PA DEPT EDUC PSYCHOL FAC EDUC KYOTO UNIV, KYOTO, 606, JAPAN
SN 0033-2852
J9 PSYCHOLOGIA
JI Psychologia
PD DEC
PY 2006
VL 49
IS 4
BP 228
EP 237
DI 10.2117/psysoc.2006.228
PG 10
WC Psychology, Multidisciplinary
SC Psychology
GA 164MC
UT WOS:000246236900002
ER
PT J
AU Rogers, J
Viding, E
Blair, RJ
Frith, U
Happe, F
AF Rogers, John
Viding, Essi
Blair, R. James
Frith, Uta
Happe, Francesca
TI Autism spectrum disorder and psychopathy: shared cognitive underpinnings
or double hit?
SO PSYCHOLOGICAL MEDICINE
LA English
DT Article
ID ASPERGERS SYNDROME; EXECUTIVE DYSFUNCTION; CHILDREN; RESPONSES;
VIOLENCE; OTHERS; QUESTIONNAIRE; IMPAIRMENT; TENDENCIES; CHILDHOOD
AB Background. We measured psychopathic traits in boys with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) selected for difficult and aggressive behaviour. We asked (1) whether psychopathic tendencies can be measured in ASD independent of the severity of autistic behaviour; (ii) whether individuals with ASD with callous-unemotional (CU) traits differ in their cognitive profile from those without such traits; and (iii) how the cognitive data from this study compare with previous data of Youngsters with psychopathic tendencies.
Method. Twenty-eight ASD boys were rated on psychopathic tendencies, autistic traits and a range of cognitive measures assessing mentalizing ability, executive functions, emotion recognition and ability to make moral-conventional distinction.
Results. Our results indicate that psychopathic tendencies are not related to severity of ASD. In addition., such tendencies do not seem to be related to core autistic cognitive deficits, specifically in 'mind-reading' or executive function. Boys with co-occurring ASD and CU tendencies share some behaviours and aspects of cognitive profile with boys who have psychopathic tendencies alone.
Conclusions. Callous/psychopathic acts in a small number of individuals with ASD probably reflect a 'double hit' involving an additional impairment of empathic response to distress Cues, which is not part and parcel of ASD itself.
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Kings Coll London, Inst Psychiat, London WC2R 2LS, England.
NIMH, Mood & Anxiety Disorders Program, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA.
RP Viding, E (reprint author), UCL, Dept Psychol, Gower St, London WC1E 6BT, England.
EM e.viding@ucl.ac.uk
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NR 44
TC 44
Z9 45
PU CAMBRIDGE UNIV PRESS
PI NEW YORK
PA 32 AVENUE OF THE AMERICAS, NEW YORK, NY 10013-2473 USA
SN 0033-2917
J9 PSYCHOL MED
JI Psychol. Med.
PD DEC
PY 2006
VL 36
IS 12
BP 1789
EP 1798
DI 10.1017/S0033291706008853
PG 10
WC Psychology, Clinical; Psychiatry; Psychology
SC Psychology; Psychiatry
GA 129XU
UT WOS:000243764200014
PM 17018169
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PT J
AU Smith, A
AF Smith, A
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LA English
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TC 52
Z9 57
PU PSYCHOLOGICAL RECORD
PI GAMBIER
PA KENYON COLLEGE, GAMBIER, OH 43022 USA
SN 0033-2933
J9 PSYCHOL REC
JI Psychol. Rec.
PD WIN
PY 2006
VL 56
IS 1
BP 3
EP 21
PG 19
WC Psychology, Multidisciplinary
SC Psychology
GA 008CG
UT WOS:000235017200001
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PT J
AU Wellman, HM
Fang, FX
Liu, D
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Liu, GX
AF Wellman, Henry M.
Fang, Fuxi
Liu, David
Zhu, Liqi
Liu, Guoxiong
TI Scaling of theory-of-mind understandings in Chinese children
SO PSYCHOLOGICAL SCIENCE
LA English
DT Article
ID CANTONESE-SPEAKING CHILDREN; MENTAL STATE LANGUAGE; FALSE BELIEF;
DEAFNESS; CULTURE; EMOTION; AUTISM
AB Prior research demonstrates that understanding of theory of mind develops at different paces in children raised in different cultures. Are these differences simply differences in timing, or do they represent different patterns of cultural learning? That is, to what extent are sequences of theory-of-mind understanding universal, and to what extent are they culture-specific? We addressed these questions by using a theory-of-mind scale to examine performance of 140 Chinese children living in Beijing and to compare their performance with that of 135 English-speaking children living in the United States and Australia. Results reveal a common sequence of understanding, as well as sociocultural differences in children's developing theories of mind.
C1 Univ Michigan, Ctr Human Growth & Dev, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA.
Chinese Acad Sci, Inst Psychol, Beijing, Peoples R China.
Univ Washington, Seattle, WA 98195 USA.
RP Wellman, HM (reprint author), Univ Michigan, Ctr Human Growth & Dev, 300 N Ingalls,10th Floor, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA.
EM hmw@umich.edu
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NR 28
TC 54
Z9 64
PU BLACKWELL PUBLISHING
PI OXFORD
PA 9600 GARSINGTON RD, OXFORD OX4 2DQ, OXON, ENGLAND
SN 0956-7976
J9 PSYCHOL SCI
JI Psychol. Sci.
PD DEC
PY 2006
VL 17
IS 12
BP 1075
EP 1081
DI 10.1111/j.1467-9280.2006.01830.x
PG 7
WC Psychology, Multidisciplinary
SC Psychology
GA 117IL
UT WOS:000242866500012
PM 17201790
ER
PT J
AU Lakes, K
Lopez, SR
Garro, LC
AF Lakes, Kimberley
Lopez, Steven R.
Garro, Linda C.
TI Cultural competence and psychotherapy: Applying anthropologically
informed conceptions of culture
SO PSYCHOTHERAPY
LA English
DT Article
DE culture; psychotherapy; cultural competence; narratives; autism
ID CHILDREN; ILLNESS; AUTISM; HEALTH; DISPARITIES; SERVICES; LESSONS;
MODEL; CARE
AB The authors apply two contemporary notions of culture to advance the conceptual basis of cultural competence in psychotherapy: Kleinman's (1995) definition of culture as what is at stake in local, social worlds, and Mattingly and Lawlor's (2001) concept of shared narratives between practitioners and patients. The authors examine these cultural constructs within a clinical case of an immigrant family caring for a young boy with an autism-spectrum disorder. Their analysis suggests that the socially based model of culture and the concept of shared narratives have the potential to broaden and enrich the definition of cultural competence beyond its current emphasis on the presumed cultural differences of specific racial and ethnic minority groups.
C1 Univ Calif Los Angeles, Dept Psychol, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA.
Calif State Univ San Bernardino, San Bernardino, CA 92407 USA.
RP Lopez, SR (reprint author), Univ Calif Los Angeles, Dept Psychol, 1285 Franz Hall,Box 951563, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA.
EM lopez@psych.ucla.edu
CR American Psychiatric Association, 2000, DIAGN STAT MAN MENT
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U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, 2001, MENT HLTH CULT RAC E
NR 37
TC 33
Z9 33
PU AMER PSYCHOLOGICAL ASSOC, DIV PSYCHOTHERAPY
PI CORAL GABLES
PA 1390 SOUTH DIXIE HIGHWAY, STE 2222, CORAL GABLES, FL 33146-2946 USA
SN 0033-3204
J9 PSYCHOTHERAPY
JI Psychotherapy
PD WIN
PY 2006
VL 43
IS 4
BP 380
EP 396
DI 10.1037/0033-3204.43.4.380
PG 17
WC Psychology, Clinical
SC Psychology
GA 123GA
UT WOS:000243283200003
PM 22122131
ER
PT J
AU Irani, F
Platek, SM
Panyavin, IS
Calkins, ME
Kohler, C
Siegel, SJ
Schachter, M
Gur, RE
Gur, RC
AF Irani, Farzin
Platek, Steven M.
Panyavin, Ivan S.
Calkins, Monica E.
Kohler, Christian
Siegel, Steven J.
Schachter, Michael
Gur, Raquel E.
Gur, Ruben C.
TI Self-face recognition and theory of mind in patients with schizophrenia
and first-degree relatives
SO SCHIZOPHRENIA RESEARCH
LA English
DT Article
DE schizophrenia; endophenotype; face processing; theory of mind;
self-face; schizotypal traits
ID SCHIZOTYPAL PERSONALITY-TRAITS; AUDITORY HALLUCINATIONS; NORMAL ADULTS;
BODY-IMAGE; PERCEPTION; EXPRESSION; EMOTIONS; BEHAVIOR; AUTISM; BRAIN
AB Objective: The hypothesized relationship between theory of mind (ToM) and self-face recognition as well as its potential genetic associations has not been previously explored in patients with schizophrenia and in first-degree relatives with schizotypal personality traits.
Method. Ten patients diagnosed with schizophrenia, 10 of their first-degree relatives and 10 healthy controls were included. To assess self-face recognition (SFR), participants were presented images of faces of themselves and others and asked to make rapid 'unfamiliar', 'familiar' and 'self' judgments. As a measure of ToM, subjects were administered the Revised Mind in the Eyes Test (MET [Baron-Cohen, S., Wheelwright, S., Hill, J., Raste, Y, and Plumb, I., 2001. The "Reading the Mind in the Eyes" Test revised version: a study with normal adults, and adults with Asperger syndrome or high-functioning autism. J Child Psychol Psychiatry 42 (2), 241-251.]). Schizotypal characteristics in relatives and controls were assessed using a modified version of the Schizotypal Personality Questionnaire (SPQ [Raine, A., 1991. The SPQ: a scale for the assessment of schizotypal personality based on DSM-III-R criteria. Schizophrenia Bulletin 17(4), 555-564.]).
Results: Patients took longer and were less accurate on the SFR task than their relatives who in turn performed worse than healthy controls. Specific ToM deficits in schizophrenia were replicated. There was a relationship between accuracy rates on the MET and SFR tasks. High levels of schizotypal traits such as social anxiety, constricted affect and no close friends were important for both tasks.
Conclusions: Face recognition deficits and ToM deficits in schizophrenia are apparent. The critical influence of high levels of select schizotypal traits is also highlighted. A deficit in relatives of schizophrenia patients raises the possibility that ToM and face recognition deficits may be candidate endophenotypes for schizophrenia. Support for the hypothesized link between ToM and face recognition is provided. (c) 2006 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
C1 Drexel Univ, Dept Psychol, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA.
Univ Penn, Dept Neurosci, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA.
RP Irani, F (reprint author), Drexel Univ, Dept Psychol, 3141 Chestnut St, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA.
EM fi24@drexel.edu
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NR 74
TC 92
Z9 97
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0920-9964
J9 SCHIZOPHR RES
JI Schizophr. Res.
PD DEC
PY 2006
VL 88
IS 1-3
BP 151
EP 160
DI 10.1016/j.schres.2006.07.016
PG 10
WC Psychiatry
SC Psychiatry
GA 115FJ
UT WOS:000242719900019
PM 16979876
ER
PT J
AU Rabeharisoa, V
AF Rabeharisoa, Vololona
TI Towards a new form of medical work? The case of a consultation for
autism in genetic psychiatry (vol 24, pg 99, 2006)
SO SCIENCES SOCIALES ET SANTE
LA French
DT Correction
CR RABEHARISOA V, 2006, SCI SOC SANTE, V24, P99
NR 1
TC 0
Z9 0
PU JOHN LIBBEY EUROTEXT LTD
PI MONTROUGE
PA 127 AVE DE LA REPUBLIQUE, 92120 MONTROUGE, FRANCE
SN 0294-0337
J9 SCI SOC SANTE
JI Sci. Sociales Sante
PD DEC
PY 2006
VL 24
IS 4
BP 4
EP 4
PG 1
WC Health Policy & Services; Social Sciences, Interdisciplinary
SC Health Care Sciences & Services; Social Sciences - Other Topics
GA 115GJ
UT WOS:000242722500001
ER
PT J
AU Malow, BA
Marzec, ML
McGrew, SG
Wang, L
Henderson, LM
Stone, WL
AF Malow, Beth A.
Marzec, Mary L.
McGrew, Susan G.
Wang, Lily
Henderson, Lynnette M.
Stone, Wendy L.
TI Characterizing sleep in children with autism spectrum disorders: A
multidimensional approach
SO SLEEP
LA English
DT Article
DE insomnia; polysomrography; children's sleep habits questionnaire; child
behavior checklist; autism diagnostic observation schedule
ID PERVASIVE DEVELOPMENTAL DISORDERS; SCHOOL-AGED CHILDREN; PARENTS
CONCERNS; PATTERNS; BEHAVIOR; PREVALENCE; APNEA
AB Study Objectives: To relate parentally reported sleep concerns in autism spectrum disorders (ASD) to polysomnographic (PSG) findings and measures of daytime behavior and autism symptomatology.
Design: Cross-sectional study involving validated questionnaires, sleep histories and diaries, 2 nights of PSG, and the Autism Diagnostic Observation Schedule (ADOS).
Setting: Vanderbilt University General Clinical Research Center Sleep Core
Participants: 21 children with ASD and 10 typically developing (TD) children, aged 4-10 years. Children were free of psychotropic medications, with no history of mental retardation or epileptic seizures.
Interventions: N/A
Measurements and Results: Children with ASD were defined as "good sleepers" (10 children) and "poor sleepers" (11 children) on the basis of parental report; the age-comparable TD children were all reported by their parents to be good sleepers. Poor sleepers with ASD showed prolonged sleep latency and decreased sleep efficiency on night 1 of PSG and differed on insomnia-related subscales of the Children's Sleep Habits Questionnaire (CSHQ; increased sleep onset delay and decreased sleep duration). The good sleepers with ASD did not differ from the TD children in sleep architecture or on CSHQ domains. As compared with ASD good sleepers, the ASD poor sleepers also had higher scores related to affective problems on the Child Behavior Checklist and more problems with reciprocal social interaction on the ADOS.
Conclusions: Parentally reported sleep concerns of insomnia in children with ASD are substantiated by validated sleep questionnaires and by PSG. Furthermore, good sleepers with ASD showed fewer affective problems and better social interactions than ASD poor sleepers.
C1 Vanderbilt Univ, Sch Med, Med Ctr, Dept Neurol,Sleep Disorders Div, Nashville, TN 37232 USA.
Vanderbilt Univ, Sch Med, Kennedy Ctr, Nashville, TN 37232 USA.
Vanderbilt Univ, Sch Med, Dept Biostat, Nashville, TN 37232 USA.
Vanderbilt Univ, Sch Med, Childrens Hosp, Dept Pediat, Nashville, TN 37232 USA.
Univ Michigan, Sch Med, Dept Neurol, Ann Arbor, MI USA.
RP Malow, BA (reprint author), Vanderbilt Univ, Sch Med, Med Ctr, Dept Neurol,Sleep Disorders Div, S Garage Med Bldg,Room 2219,2311 Pierce Ave, Nashville, TN 37232 USA.
EM beth.malow@vanderbilt.edu
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NR 40
TC 81
Z9 85
PU AMER ACADEMY SLEEP MEDICINE
PI WESTCHESTER
PA ONE WESTBROOK CORPORATE CENTER STE 920, WESTCHESTER, IL 60154 USA
SN 0161-8105
J9 SLEEP
JI Sleep
PD DEC 1
PY 2006
VL 29
IS 12
BP 1563
EP 1571
PG 9
WC Clinical Neurology; Neurosciences
SC Neurosciences & Neurology
GA 120EY
UT WOS:000243067900006
PM 17252887
ER
PT J
AU Tager-Flusberg, H
Skwerer, DP
Joseph, RM
AF Tager-Flusberg, Helen
Skwerer, Daniela Plesa
Joseph, Robert M.
TI Model syndromes for investigating social cognitive and affective
neuroscience: a comparison of autism and Williams syndrome
SO SOCIAL COGNITIVE AND AFFECTIVE NEUROSCIENCE
LA English
DT Article
DE autism; Williams syndrome; face processing; emotion processing; amygdala
AB Autism and Williams syndrome are genetically based neurodevelopmental disorders that present strikingly different social phenotypes. Autism involves fundamental impairments in social reciprocity and communication, whereas people with Williams syndrome are highly sociable and engaging. This article reviews the behavioral and neuroimaging literature that has explored the neurocognitive mechanisms that underlie these contrasting social phenotypes, focusing on studies of face processing. The article concludes with a discussion of how the social phenotypes of both syndromes may be characterized by impaired connectivity between the amygdala and other critical regions in the 'social brain'.
C1 [Tager-Flusberg, Helen] Boston Univ, Dept Anat & Neurobiol, Sch Med, Boston, MA 02118 USA.
RP Tager-Flusberg, H (reprint author), Boston Univ, Dept Anat & Neurobiol, Sch Med, 715 Albany St L-814, Boston, MA 02118 USA.
EM htagerf@bu.edu
RI Joseph, Roy/D-8530-2015
FU [U19 DC 03610]; [U54 MH 66398]; [RO1 HD 33470]; [RO3 HD 51943]; [K01
MH 73944]
FX Preparation of this article was supported by the following grants: U19
DC 03610 (HTF, RMJ), U54 MH 66398 (HTF), RO1 HD 33470 (HTF, DPS), RO3 HD
51943 (DPS) and K01 MH 73944 (RMJ).
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NR 81
TC 27
Z9 30
PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS
PI OXFORD
PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND
SN 1749-5016
J9 SOC COGN AFFECT NEUR
JI Soc. Cogn. Affect. Neurosci.
PD DEC
PY 2006
VL 1
IS 3
BP 175
EP 182
DI 10.1093/scan/nsl035
PG 8
WC Neurosciences; Psychology; Psychology, Experimental
SC Neurosciences & Neurology; Psychology
GA V20GZ
UT WOS:000208129800003
PM 18985104
ER
PT J
AU Marco, EJ
Skuse, DH
AF Marco, Elysa J.
Skuse, David H.
TI Autism-lessons from the X chromosome
SO SOCIAL COGNITIVE AND AFFECTIVE NEUROSCIENCE
LA English
DT Article
DE autism; X chromosome; social cognition; genetics
AB Recognized cases of autism spectrum disorders are on the rise. It is unclear whether this increase is attributable to secular trends in biological susceptibility, or to a change in diagnostic practices and recognition. One hint concerning etiological influences is the universally reported male excess (in the range of 4: 1 to 10: 1). Evidence suggests that genetic influences from the X chromosome play a crucial role in engendering this male vulnerability. In this review, we discuss three categories of genetic disease that highlight the importance of X-linked genes in the manifestation of an autistic phenotype: aneuploides (Turner syndrome and Klinefelter syndrome), trinucleotide expansions (Fragile X syndrome) and nucleotide mutations (Rett Syndrome, Neuroligins 3 & 4, and SLC6A8). The lessons from these diseases include an understanding of autistic features as a broad phenotype rather than as a single clinical entity, the role of multiple genes either alone or in concert with the manifestation of autistic features, and the role of epigenetic factors such as imprinting and X-inactivation in the expression of disease severity. Better understanding of the clinical phenotypes of social cognition and the molecular neurogenetics of X-linked gene disorders will certainly provide additional tools for understanding autism in the years to come.
C1 [Marco, Elysa J.; Skuse, David H.] Inst Child Hlth, Behav & Brain Sci Unit, London WC1N 1EH, England.
RP Skuse, DH (reprint author), Inst Child Hlth, Behav & Brain Sci Unit, 30 Guilford St, London WC1N 1EH, England.
EM dskuse@ich.ucl.ac.uk
FU UC Davis MIND Institute; Ruth L. Kirschstein National Service [NIH-K12]
FX E.J.M. receives research support from the UC Davis MIND Institute and
the Ruth L. Kirschstein National Service Award (NIH-K12).
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NR 108
TC 31
Z9 31
PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS
PI OXFORD
PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND
SN 1749-5016
J9 SOC COGN AFFECT NEUR
JI Soc. Cogn. Affect. Neurosci.
PD DEC
PY 2006
VL 1
IS 3
BP 183
EP 193
DI 10.1093/scan/nsl028
PG 11
WC Neurosciences; Psychology; Psychology, Experimental
SC Neurosciences & Neurology; Psychology
GA V20GZ
UT WOS:000208129800004
PM 18985105
ER
PT J
AU Neumann, D
Spezio, ML
Piven, J
Adolphs, R
AF Neumann, Dirk
Spezio, Michael L.
Piven, Joseph
Adolphs, Ralph
TI Looking you in the mouth: abnormal gaze in autism resulting from
impaired top-down modulation of visual attention
SO SOCIAL COGNITIVE AND AFFECTIVE NEUROSCIENCE
LA English
DT Article
DE high-functioning autism; eye movements; saliency; attention
AB People with autism are impaired in their social behavior, including their eye contact with others, but the processes that underlie this impairment remain elusive. We combined high-resolution eye tracking with computational modeling in a group of 10 high-functioning individuals with autism to address this issue. The group fixated the location of the mouth in facial expressions more than did matched controls, even when the mouth was not shown, even in faces that were inverted and most noticeably at latencies of 200-400 ms. Comparisons with a computational model of visual saliency argue that the abnormal bias for fixating the mouth in autism is not driven by an exaggerated sensitivity to the bottom-up saliency of the features, but rather by an abnormal top-down strategy for allocating visual attention.
C1 [Neumann, Dirk; Adolphs, Ralph] CALTECH, Computat & Neural Syst Program, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA.
[Spezio, Michael L.; Adolphs, Ralph] CALTECH, Div Humanities & Social Sci, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA.
[Piven, Joseph] Univ N Carolina, Neurodev Disorders Res Ctr, Chapel Hill, NC 27599 USA.
RP Adolphs, R (reprint author), CALTECH, Computat & Neural Syst Program, HSS 228-77, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA.
EM radolphs@hss.caltech.edu
FU NIMH; Cure Autism Now Foundation; Autism Speaks
FX This research was supported by grants from the NIMH, the Cure Autism Now
Foundation, and Autism Speaks. The authors would like to thank the
participants and their families for making this study possible, Dr
Frederic Gosselin for helpful advice on the using the 'Bubbles' method,
and Robert Hurley for support in conducting the experiment.
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NR 32
TC 86
Z9 87
PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS
PI OXFORD
PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND
SN 1749-5016
J9 SOC COGN AFFECT NEUR
JI Soc. Cogn. Affect. Neurosci.
PD DEC
PY 2006
VL 1
IS 3
BP 194
EP 202
DI 10.1093/scan/nsl030
PG 9
WC Neurosciences; Psychology; Psychology, Experimental
SC Neurosciences & Neurology; Psychology
GA V20GZ
UT WOS:000208129800005
PM 18985106
ER
PT J
AU Lemery-Chalfant, K
Goldsmith, HH
Schmidt, NL
Arneson, CL
Van Hulle, CA
AF Lemery-Chalfant, Kathryn
Goldsmith, H. Hill
Schmidt, Nichole L.
Arneson, Carrie L.
Van Hulle, Carol A.
TI Wisconsin Twin Panel: Current directions and findings
SO TWIN RESEARCH AND HUMAN GENETICS
LA English
DT Article
ID BEHAVIORAL-INHIBITION; CHILDHOOD TEMPERAMENT; POSITIVE EMOTIONALITY;
CHILDREN; ANXIETY; ASSOCIATION; ENVIRONMENT; DISORDERS; TODDLER; INFANT
AB The Wisconsin Twin Panel is based on the population of all twins born in the state of Wisconsin, United States. Our research focus is the etiology and developmental course of early emotions, temperament, childhood anxiety and impulsivity, the autism spectrum, auditory and tactile sensory sensitivity, and related psychobiological and behavioral phenotypes. We employ a range of research methods including structured interviews with caregivers, observer ratings, child self-report, home-based behavioral batteries, biological measures of basal and reactive cortisol, palm prints, birth records, genotyping, cognitive testing, and questionnaires. Reported results highlight the utility of employing multiple modes of assessment when studying child development and psychopathology.
C1 Arizona State Univ, Dept Psychol, Tempe, AZ 85281 USA.
Univ Wisconsin, Waisman Ctr, Madison, WI 53705 USA.
Univ Wisconsin, Dept Psychol, Madison, WI 53706 USA.
Univ Chicago, Dept Hlth Studies, Chicago, IL 60637 USA.
RP Lemery-Chalfant, K (reprint author), Arizona State Univ, Dept Psychol, Box 871104, Tempe, AZ 85281 USA.
EM klemery@asu.edu
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NR 22
TC 15
Z9 16
PU AUSTRALIAN ACAD PRESS
PI BOWEN HILLS
PA 32 JEAYS ST, BOWEN HILLS, QLD 4006, AUSTRALIA
SN 1832-4274
J9 TWIN RES HUM GENET
JI Twin Res. Hum. Genet.
PD DEC
PY 2006
VL 9
IS 6
BP 1030
EP 1037
DI 10.1375/183242706779462363
PG 8
WC Genetics & Heredity; Obstetrics & Gynecology
SC Genetics & Heredity; Obstetrics & Gynecology
GA 122HO
UT WOS:000243216600054
PM 17254447
ER
PT J
AU McGill, BE
Bundle, SF
Yaylaoglu, MB
Carson, JP
Thaller, C
Zoghbi, HY
AF McGill, Bryan E.
Bundle, Sharyl F.
Yaylaoglu, Murat B.
Carson, James P.
Thaller, Christina
Zoghbi, Huda Y.
TI Enhanced anxiety and stress-induced corticosterone release are
associated with increased Crh expression in a mouse model of Rett
syndrome
SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF
AMERICA
LA English
DT Article
DE autism; corticotropin-releasing hormone; methyl-CpG-binding protein 2
ID CPG-BINDING-PROTEIN; METHYL-CPG; TRANSCRIPTIONAL REPRESSION; HISTONE
DEACETYLASE; BEHAVIORAL-ASPECTS; DNA METHYLATION; MECP2; MICE;
DYSFUNCTION; PLASTICITY
AB Rett syndrome (RTT), a postnatal neurodevelopmental disorder, is caused by mutations in the methyl-CpG-binding protein 2 (MECP2) gene. Children with RTT display cognitive and motor abnormalities as well as autistic features. We studied mice bearing a truncated Mecp2 allele (Mecp2(308/Y) mice) and found evidence of increased anxiety-like behavior and an abnormal stress response as evidenced by elevated serum corticosterone levels. We found increased corticotropin-releasing hormone (Crh) gene expression in the paraventricular nucleus of the hypothalamus, the central amygdala, and the bed nucleus of the stria terminalis. Finally, we discovered that MeCP2 binds the Crh promoter, which is enriched for methylated CpG dinucleotides. In contrast, the MeCP2308 protein was not detected at the Crh promoter. This study identifies Crh as a target of MeCP2 and implicates Crh overexpression in the development of specific features of the Mecp2(308/Y) mouse, thereby providing opportunities for clinical investigation and therapeutic intervention in RTT.
C1 Baylor Coll Med, Dept Neurosci, Houston, TX 77030 USA.
Baylor Coll Med, Med Scientist Training Program, Houston, TX 77030 USA.
Baylor Coll Med, Dept Mol & Human Genet, Houston, TX 77030 USA.
Baylor Coll Med, Verna & Marrs McLean Dept Biochem & Mol Biol, Houston, TX 77030 USA.
Baylor Coll Med, Natl Ctr Macromol Imaging, Houston, TX 77030 USA.
Baylor Coll Med, Dept Neurol, Houston, TX 77030 USA.
Baylor Coll Med, Dept Pediat, Houston, TX 77030 USA.
Baylor Coll Med, Howard Hughes Med Inst, Houston, TX 77030 USA.
RP Zoghbi, HY (reprint author), Baylor Coll Med, Dept Neurosci, Houston, TX 77030 USA.
EM hzoghbi@bcm.tmc.edu
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Z9 116
PU NATL ACAD SCIENCES
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2101 CONSTITUTION AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20418 USA
SN 0027-8424
J9 P NATL ACAD SCI USA
JI Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A.
PD NOV 28
PY 2006
VL 103
IS 48
BP 18267
EP 18272
DI 10.1073/pnas.0608702103
PG 6
WC Multidisciplinary Sciences
SC Science & Technology - Other Topics
GA 111PJ
UT WOS:000242465200043
PM 17108082
ER
PT J
AU Feng, JN
Schroer, R
Yan, J
Song, WJ
Yang, CM
Bockholt, A
Cook, EH
Skinner, C
Schwartz, CE
Sommer, SS
AF Feng, Jinong
Schroer, Richard
Yan, Jin
Song, Wenjia
Yang, Chunmei
Bockholt, Anke
Cook, Edwin H., Jr.
Skinner, Cindy
Schwartz, Charles E.
Sommer, Steve S.
TI High frequency of neurexin 1 beta signal peptide structural variants in
patients with autism
SO NEUROSCIENCE LETTERS
LA English
DT Article
DE autism; beta-neurexin genes; NLGN4 gene; mutation detection
ID BETA-NEUREXINS; DOVAM-S; GENES; MUTATIONS; PROTEINS; NLGN4
AB Neuroligins are postsynaptic membrane cell-adhesion molecules which bind to beta-neurexins, a family of proteins that act as neuronal cell surface receptors. To explore the possibility that structural variants in the P-neurexin genes predispose to autism, the coding regions and associated splice junctions of three beta-neurexin genes were scanned with detection of virtually all mutations-SSCP (DOVAM-S) in 72 Caucasian patients with autism. In addition, segments of the neurexin 1 beta gene were sequenced in 131 additional Caucasian and 61 Afro-American patients with autism from South Carolina and the, Midwest. Two putative missense structural variants were identified in the neurexin 1 beta gene in four Caucasian patients with autism and not in 535 healthy Caucasian controls (4/203 vs. 0/535, P=0.0056). Initial family data suggest that incomplete penetrance may occur. In addition, no structural variant was found in the neurexin 20 gene and the neurexin 3 beta gene. In the context of all available data, we conclude that mutations of the neurexin 1 beta gene may contribute to autism susceptibility. (c) 2006 Elsevier Ireland Ltd. All rights reserved.
C1 City Hope Natl Med Ctr, Dept Mol Genet, Duarte, CA 91010 USA.
Greenwood Genet Ctr, JC Self Res Inst, Greenwood, SC 29646 USA.
Univ Illinois, Dept Psychiat, Inst Juvenile Res, Chicago, IL 60612 USA.
RP Sommer, SS (reprint author), City Hope Natl Med Ctr, Dept Mol Genet, 1500 E Duarte Rd, Duarte, CA 91010 USA.
EM sommerlab@coh.org
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PU ELSEVIER IRELAND LTD
PI CLARE
PA ELSEVIER HOUSE, BROOKVALE PLAZA, EAST PARK SHANNON, CO, CLARE, 00000,
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J9 NEUROSCI LETT
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PD NOV 27
PY 2006
VL 409
IS 1
BP 10
EP 13
DI 10.1016/j.neulet.2006.08.017
PG 4
WC Neurosciences
SC Neurosciences & Neurology
GA 106LK
UT WOS:000242101800003
PM 17034946
ER
PT J
AU Nicolson, R
DeVito, TJ
Vidal, CN
Sui, YH
Hayashi, KM
Drost, DJ
Williamson, PC
Rajakumar, N
Toga, AW
Thompson, PM
AF Nicolson, Rob
DeVito, Timothy J.
Vidal, Christine N.
Sui, Yihong
Hayashi, Kiralee M.
Drost, Dick J.
Williamson, Peter C.
Rajakumar, Nagalingam
Toga, Arthur W.
Thompson, Paul M.
TI Detection and mapping of hippocampal abnormalities in autism
SO PSYCHIATRY RESEARCH-NEUROIMAGING
LA English
DT Article; Proceedings Paper
CT 50th Annual Meeting of the
American-Academy-of-Child-and-Adolescent-Psychiatry
CY OCT 14-19, 2003
CL Miami, FL
SP Amer Acad Child & Adolescent Psychiat
DE autism; hippocampus; MRI
ID MEDIAL TEMPORAL-LOBE; STRUCTURAL ABNORMALITIES; ONSET SCHIZOPHRENIA;
SPECTRUM DISORDERS; HUMAN BRAIN; AMYGDALA; CHILDREN; MRI; RECOGNITION;
VOLUMES
AB Brain imaging studies of the hippocampus in autism have yielded inconsistent results. In this study, a computational mapping strategy was used to examine the three-dimensional profile of hippocampal abnormalities in autism. Twenty-one mates with autism (age: 9.5 +/- 3.3 years) and 24 male controls (age: 10.3 +/- 2.4 years) underwent a volumetric magnetic resonance imaging scan at 3 Tesla. The hippocampus was delineated, using an anatomical protocol, and hippocampal volumes were compared between the two groups. Hippocampal traces were also converted into three-dimensional parametric surface meshes, and statistical brain maps were created to visualize morphological differences in the shape and thickness of the hippocampus between groups. Parametric surface meshes and shape analysis revealed subtle differences between patients and controls, particularly in the right posterior hippocampus. These deficits were significant even though the groups did not differ significantly with traditional measures of hippocampal volume. These results suggest that autism may be associated with subtle regional reductions in the size of the hippocampus. The increased statistical and spatial. power of computational mapping methods provided the ability to detect these differences, which were not found with traditional volumetric methods. (c) 2006 Elsevier Ireland Ltd. All rights reserved.
C1 Univ Western Ontario, Dept Psychiat, London, ON N6A 3K7, Canada.
Univ Western Ontario, Dept Med Biophys, London, ON N6A 3K7, Canada.
Univ Calif Los Angeles, Sch Med, Lab Neuro Imaging, Los Angeles, CA USA.
RP Nicolson, R (reprint author), London Hlth Sci Ctr, 800 Commissioners Rd E,E2-601, London, ON N6C 2V5, Canada.
EM Rnicolso@uwo.ca
RI Nicolson, Robert/E-4797-2011; Williamson, Peter/F-7462-2010
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NR 57
TC 45
Z9 48
PU ELSEVIER IRELAND LTD
PI CLARE
PA ELSEVIER HOUSE, BROOKVALE PLAZA, EAST PARK SHANNON, CO, CLARE, 00000,
IRELAND
SN 0925-4927
J9 PSYCHIAT RES-NEUROIM
JI Psychiatry Res. Neuroimaging
PD NOV 22
PY 2006
VL 148
IS 1
BP 11
EP 21
DI 10.1016/j.pscychresns.2006.02.005
PG 11
WC Clinical Neurology; Neuroimaging; Psychiatry
SC Neurosciences & Neurology; Psychiatry
GA 114LY
UT WOS:000242668900002
PM 17056234
ER
PT J
AU de Dios, JG
Balaguer-Santamaria, JA
AF de Dios, J. Gonzalez
Balaguer-Santamaria, J. A.
TI What can we expect of collaborative review groups of Cochrane
Collaboration in neuropaediatrics?
SO REVISTA DE NEUROLOGIA
LA Spanish
DT Review
DE clinical trials; Cochrane Collaboration; evidence-based decision-making;
evidence-based medicine; paediatric neurology; systematic reviews
ID AUTISTIC SPECTRUM DISORDERS; EPILEPSY-SOCIETY GUIDE; PAPER-BASED
JOURNALS; SYSTEMATIC REVIEWS; ANDALUSIA-EPILEPSY; THERAPY 2005;
REFRACTORY EPILEPSY; DIAGNOSTIC-TESTS; PARTIAL SEIZURES; DECISION-MAKING
AB Introduction. Cochrane Collaboration (CC) contains detailed, critical and up-to-date systematic reviews (SR) of the best scientific evidence available. Aim. To analyse the bibliometric characteristics of the SR related to paediatric neurology published in the 50 Collaborative Review Groups (CRG) of the CC. Materials and methods. Bibliometric analysis of the Database of Systematic Reviews in Cochrane Library, Issue 2, 2005 (n = 2.231 SR). The variables recorded were: number of SR and protocols in any CRG, authors and clusters of secondary research, dates (late review and update), type of study, critical review of the SR and conclusions. Results. Nine published SR about neuropaediatrics: the Epilepsy Group (24 SR), the Neuromuscular Disease Group (16), the Neonatal Group (16), the Developmental, Psychosocial and Learning Problems Group (10), the Pain, Palliative Care and Supportive Care Group (4), the Movement Disorders Group (3), the Injuries Group (3), the Infections Disease Group (3) and the Acute Respiratory Infections Group (2). The three main thematic areas were treatment of epilepsy (pharmacologic and non-pharmacologic), neonatal neurology (mainly intraventricular haemorrhage and perinatal asphyxia) and miscellanea (autism spectrum disorder headache, cerebral palsy, myasthenia gravis, Guillain-Barre syndrome, Bell's palsy and bacterial meningitis). All the SR were about treatment interventions. Conclusions. Paediatric neurology SR are infrequent (3.6% of the 2.231 SR published in CC), and helps an evidence-based decision-making in a few areas: pharmacologic treatment of epilepsy, management of intraventricular haemorrhage of preterm infants and bacterial meningitis. Many therapies in paediatric neurology persist with no supporting evidence, and we detected no SR about important neurological issues in childhood as attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder, mental retardation and hypotonia.
C1 Univ Miguel Hernandez, Hosp Univ San Juan, Dept Pediat, Alicante, Spain.
Univ Rovira & Virgili, Hosp Univ St Joan, Dept Pediat, Tarragona, Spain.
RP de Dios, JG (reprint author), Prof Manuel Sala,6,3 A, E-03003 Alicante, Spain.
EM gonzalez_jav@gva.es
RI Balaguer, Albert/B-3530-2011
OI Balaguer, Albert/0000-0002-5222-8635
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NR 142
TC 1
Z9 1
PU REVISTA DE NEUROLOGIA
PI BARCELONA
PA C/O CESAR VIGUERA, EDITOR, APDO 94121, 08080 BARCELONA, SPAIN
SN 0210-0010
J9 REV NEUROLOGIA
JI Rev. Neurologia
PD NOV 16
PY 2006
VL 43
IS 10
BP 589
EP 597
PG 9
WC Clinical Neurology
SC Neurosciences & Neurology
GA 116QC
UT WOS:000242816400003
ER
PT J
AU Ouali, A
Cherif, AR
Krebs, MO
AF Ouali, Abdelaziz
Cherif, Amar Ramdane
Krebs, Marie-Odile
TI Data mining based Bayesian networks for best classification
SO COMPUTATIONAL STATISTICS & DATA ANALYSIS
LA English
DT Article
DE data mining; bio-informatics; gene; schizophrenia; Bayesian networks
ID RECEPTOR GENE; PROBABILISTIC NETWORKS; SCHIZOPHRENIA; ASSOCIATION;
ONSET; ANOMALIES; DISEASE; AUTISM; AGE
AB Schizophrenia is a frequent and devastating disorder beginning in early adulthood. Until now, the heterogeneity of this disease has been a major pitfall for identifying the aetiological, genetic or environmental factors. Age at onset or several other quantitative variables could allow categorizing more homogeneous subgroups of patients, although there is little information on the boundaries for such categories. The Bayesian networks classifier (BNs) approach is one of the most popular formalisms for reasoning under uncertainty. Using a data set including genotypes of selected candidate genes for schizophrenia, BNs were used to determine the best cut-off point for three continuous variables (i.e. age at onset of schizophrenia (AFC & AFE) and neurological soft signs (NSS)). (c) 2005 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
C1 Univ Paris 05, Fac Med Paris Descartes, INSERM, E0117, F-75014 Paris, France.
Univ Versailles, PRISM Lab, F-78035 Versailles, France.
RP Ouali, A (reprint author), Univ Paris 05, Fac Med Paris Descartes, INSERM, E0117, 2 Ter Rue Alesia, F-75014 Paris, France.
EM ouali@broca.inserm.fr
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NR 37
TC 10
Z9 10
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0167-9473
J9 COMPUT STAT DATA AN
JI Comput. Stat. Data Anal.
PD NOV 15
PY 2006
VL 51
IS 2
BP 1278
EP 1292
DI 10.1016/j.csda.2005.09.012
PG 15
WC Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications; Statistics &
Probability
SC Computer Science; Mathematics
GA 111VU
UT WOS:000242484200062
ER
PT J
AU State, MW
AF State, Matthew W.
TI A surprising METamorphosis: Autism genetics finds a common functional
variant
SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF
AMERICA
LA English
DT Editorial Material
ID SPECTRUM DISORDERS; GASTROINTESTINAL SYMPTOMS; INTERNEURON DEVELOPMENT;
CHILDREN; ASSOCIATION; TRANSCRIPTION; HISTORY; MEASLES; MUMPS; MET
C1 Yale Univ, Sch Med, Program Neurogenet, Dept Child Psychiat, New Haven, CT 06520 USA.
Yale Univ, Sch Med, Dept Genet, New Haven, CT 06520 USA.
RP State, MW (reprint author), Yale Univ, Sch Med, Program Neurogenet, Dept Child Psychiat, 230 S Frontage Rd, New Haven, CT 06520 USA.
EM matthew.state@yale.edu
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TC 3
Z9 3
PU NATL ACAD SCIENCES
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2101 CONSTITUTION AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20418 USA
SN 0027-8424
J9 P NATL ACAD SCI USA
JI Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A.
PD NOV 7
PY 2006
VL 103
IS 45
BP 16621
EP 16622
DI 10.1073/pnas.0608027103
PG 2
WC Multidisciplinary Sciences
SC Science & Technology - Other Topics
GA 104PB
UT WOS:000241969500002
PM 17075042
ER
PT J
AU Campbell, DB
Sutcliffe, JS
Ebert, PJ
Militerni, R
Bravaccio, C
Trillo, S
Elia, M
Schneider, C
Melmed, R
Sacco, R
Persico, AM
Levitt, P
AF Campbell, Daniel B.
Sutcliffe, James S.
Ebert, Philip J.
Militerni, Roberto
Bravaccio, Carmela
Trillo, Simona
Elia, Maurizio
Schneider, Cindy
Melmed, Raun
Sacco, Roberto
Persico, Antonio M.
Levitt, Pat
TI A genetic variant that disrupts MET transcription is associated with
autism
SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF
AMERICA
LA English
DT Article
DE autism spectrum disorder; association; candidate gene; hepatocyte growth
factor; hepatocyte growth factor receptor
ID HEPATOCYTE GROWTH-FACTOR; INFLAMMATORY-BOWEL-DISEASE; GASTROINTESTINAL
SYMPTOMS; INTERNEURON DEVELOPMENT; SUSCEPTIBILITY LOCUS; SPECTRUM
DISORDERS; MUCOSAL REPAIR; PHENOTYPE; HAPLOTYPES; MONOCYTES
AB There is strong evidence for a genetic predisposition to autism and an intense interest in discovering heritable risk factors that disrupt gene function. Based on neurobiological findings and location within a chromosome 7q31 autism candidate gene region, we analyzed the gene encoding the pleiotropic MET receptor tyrosine kinase in a family based study of autism including 1,231 cases. MET signaling participates in neocortical and cerebellar growth and maturation, immune function, and gastrointestinal repair, consistent with reported medical complications in some children with autism. Here, we show genetic association (P = 0.0005) of a common C allele in the promoter region of the MET gene in 204 autism families. The allelic association at this MET variant was confirmed in a replication sample of 539 autism families (P = 0.001) and in the combined sample (P = 0.000005). Multiplex families, in which more than one child has autism, exhibited the strongest allelic association (P = 0.000007). In case-control analyses, the autism diagnosis relative risk was 2.27 (95% confidence interval: 1.41-3.65; P = 0.0006) for the CC genotype and 1.67 (95% confidence interval: 1.11-2.49; P = 0.012)for the CG genotype compared with the GG genotype. Functional assays showed that the C allele results in a 2-fold decrease in MET promoter activity and altered binding of specific transcription factor complexes. These data implicate reduced MET gene expression in autism susceptibility, providing evidence of a previously undescribed pathophysiological basis for this behaviorally and medically complex disorder.
C1 Vanderbilt Univ, Dept Pharmacol, Nashville, TN 37203 USA.
Vanderbilt Univ, Dept Mol Physiol & Biophys, Nashville, TN 37203 USA.
Vanderbilt Univ, Vanderbilt Kennedy Ctr Res Human Dev, Nashville, TN 37203 USA.
Univ Naples, Dept Child Neuropsychiat, I-80131 Naples, Italy.
Assoc Anni Verdi ONLUS, I-00148 Rome, Italy.
IRCCS, Sci Inst Res Hospitalizat & Hlth Care, Unit Neurol & Clin Neurophysiopathol, I-94018 Troina, Italy.
SW Autism Res & Resource Ctr, Phoenix, AZ 85006 USA.
Ctr Autism Res & Ecuc, Phoenix, AZ 85012 USA.
Univ Rome, Lab Mol Psychiat Neurogenet, I-00155 Rome, Italy.
IRCCS Fdn Santa Lucia, I-00179 Rome, Italy.
RP Levitt, P (reprint author), Vanderbilt Univ, Dept Pharmacol, Nashville, TN 37203 USA.
EM pat.levitt@vanderbilt.edu
RI Sutcliffe, James/C-1348-2012
OI Sutcliffe, James/0000-0001-5200-6007
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NR 38
TC 190
Z9 200
PU NATL ACAD SCIENCES
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2101 CONSTITUTION AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20418 USA
SN 0027-8424
J9 P NATL ACAD SCI USA
JI Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A.
PD NOV 7
PY 2006
VL 103
IS 45
BP 16834
EP 16839
DI 10.1073/pnas.0605296103
PG 6
WC Multidisciplinary Sciences
SC Science & Technology - Other Topics
GA 104PB
UT WOS:000241969500039
PM 17053076
ER
PT J
AU Cherkassky, VL
Kana, RK
Keller, TA
Just, MA
AF Cherkassky, Vladimir L.
Kana, Rajesh K.
Keller, Timothy A.
Just, Marcel Adam
TI Functional connectivity in a baseline resting-state network in autism
SO NEUROREPORT
LA English
DT Article
DE autism; corpus callosum; functional connectivity; functional magnetic
resonance imaging (fMRI); resting-state network
ID SENTENCE COMPREHENSION; DEFAULT MODE; BRAIN; CONSCIOUSNESS
AB Brain activity in people with high-functioning autism has been shown to be atypical in a number of ways, including reduced synchronization across areas of activation measured by functional magnetic resonance imaging. This activation atypicality has been observed mostly during the performance of cognitive tasks. This study compares the resting-state network of 57 participants with autism and 57 control participants matched for age and intelligence quotient. The results indicate that both groups have a resting-state network that is very similar both in volume and in organization, but in autism this network is much more loosely connected. This functional underconnectivity was observed in the anterior-posterior connections. The results expand the theory of cortical underconnectivity in autism to the resting state of the brain.
C1 Carnegie Mellon Univ, Dept Psychol, Ctr Cognit Brain Imaging, Pittsburgh, PA 15213 USA.
RP Cherkassky, VL (reprint author), Carnegie Mellon Univ, Dept Psychol, Ctr Cognit Brain Imaging, Pittsburgh, PA 15213 USA.
EM cherkassky@cmu.edu
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NR 19
TC 241
Z9 244
PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS
PI PHILADELPHIA
PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA
SN 0959-4965
J9 NEUROREPORT
JI Neuroreport
PD NOV 6
PY 2006
VL 17
IS 16
BP 1687
EP 1690
DI 10.1097/01.wnr.0000239956.45448.4c
PG 4
WC Neurosciences
SC Neurosciences & Neurology
GA 104MG
UT WOS:000241961900006
PM 17047454
ER
PT J
AU Feuk, L
Kalervo, A
Lipsanen-Nyman, M
Skaug, J
Nakabayashi, K
Finucane, B
Hartung, D
Innes, M
Kerem, B
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Rivlin, J
Roberts, W
Senman, L
Summers, A
Szatmari, P
Wong, V
Vincent, JB
Zeesman, S
Osborne, LR
Cardy, JO
Kere, J
Scherer, SW
Hannula-Jouppi, K
AF Feuk, Lars
Kalervo, Aino
Lipsanen-Nyman, Marita
Skaug, Jennifer
Nakabayashi, Kazuhiko
Finucane, Brenda
Hartung, Danielle
Innes, Micheil
Kerem, Batsheva
Nowaczyk, Malgorzata J.
Rivlin, Joseph
Roberts, Wendy
Senman, Lili
Summers, Anne
Szatmari, Peter
Wong, Virginia
Vincent, John B.
Zeesman, Susan
Osborne, Lucy R.
Cardy, Janis Oram
Kere, Juha
Scherer, Stephen W.
Hannula-Jouppi, Katariina
TI Absence of a paternally inherited FOXP2 gene in developmental verbal
dyspraxia
SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF HUMAN GENETICS
LA English
DT Article
ID MATERNAL UNIPARENTAL DISOMY; SILVER-RUSSELL-SYNDROME; LANGUAGE
IMPAIRMENT; CHROMOSOME REARRANGEMENTS; SUSCEPTIBILITY GENE;
GROWTH-RETARDATION; SEVERE SPEECH; DISORDER; AUTISM; 7Q31
AB Mutations in FOXP2 cause developmental verbal dyspraxia (DVD), but only a few cases have been described. We characterize 13 patients with DVD-5 with hemizygous paternal deletions spanning the FOXP2 gene, 1 with a translocation interrupting FOXP2, and the remaining 7 with maternal uniparental disomy of chromosome 7 (UPD7), who were also given a diagnosis of Silver-Russell Syndrome (SRS). Of these individuals with DVD, all 12 for whom parental DNA was available showed absence of a paternal copy of FOXP2. Five other individuals with deletions of paternally inherited FOXP2 but with incomplete clinical information or phenotypes too complex to properly assess are also described. Four of the patients with DVD also meet criteria for autism spectrum disorder. Individuals with paternal UPD7 or with partial maternal UPD7 or deletion starting downstream of FOXP2 do not have DVD. Using quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction, we show the maternally inherited FOXP2 to be comparatively underexpressed. Our results indicate that absence of paternal FOXP2 is the cause of DVD in patients with SRS with maternal UPD7. The data also point to a role for differential parent-of-origin expression of FOXP2 in human speech development.
C1 Hosp Sick Children, Ctr Appl Genom, Dept Genet, N York Gen Hosp, Toronto, ON M5G 1L7, Canada.
Hosp Sick Children, Program Genet & Genom Biol, Dept Genet, N York Gen Hosp, Toronto, ON M5G 1L7, Canada.
Hosp Sick Children, Child Dev Ctr, Dept Genet, N York Gen Hosp, Toronto, ON M5G 1L7, Canada.
Univ Toronto, Ctr Addict & Mental Hlth, Clarke Inst, Toronto, ON, Canada.
Univ Toronto, Dept Psychiat, Toronto, ON, Canada.
Univ Toronto, Dept Med, Toronto, ON, Canada.
Univ Toronto, Dept Mol & Med Genet, Toronto, ON, Canada.
Univ Helsinki, Dept Med Genet, Biomedicum, Helsinki, Finland.
Hosp Children & Adolescents, Helsinki, Finland.
Elwyn Inc, Genet Serv, Elwyn, PA USA.
Childrens Mem Hosp, Chicago, IL 60614 USA.
Alberta Childrens Prov Gen Hosp, Dept Med Genet, Calgary, AB, Canada.
Hebrew Univ Jerusalem, Inst Life Sci, Dept Genet, IL-91904 Jerusalem, Israel.
McMaster Univ, Dept Pediat, Hamilton, ON, Canada.
McMaster Univ, Dept Psychiat & Behave Neurosci, Hamilton, ON, Canada.
Carmel Hosp, Cyst Fibrosis Ctr, Haifa, Israel.
Univ Hong Kong, Queen Mary Hosp, Dept Paediat & Adolescent Med, Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Peoples R China.
Univ Western Ontario, Sch Commun Sci & Disorders, London, ON, Canada.
Karolinska Inst, Dept Biosci & Nutr, Stockholm, Sweden.
Karolinska Inst, Clin Res Ctr, Stockholm, Sweden.
RP Scherer, SW (reprint author), Hosp Sick Children, Ctr Appl Genom, Dept Genet, N York Gen Hosp, MaRS Ctr E Tower,101 Coll St,Room 14-701, Toronto, ON M5G 1L7, Canada.
EM steve@genet.sickkids.on.ca
RI Kere, Juha/A-9179-2008; Hannula-Jouppi, Katariina/F-4476-2011; Howe,
Jennifer/I-9013-2012; Scherer, Stephen /B-3785-2013
OI Kere, Juha/0000-0003-1974-0271; Scherer, Stephen /0000-0002-8326-1999
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NR 34
TC 87
Z9 91
PU UNIV CHICAGO PRESS
PI CHICAGO
PA 1427 E 60TH ST, CHICAGO, IL 60637-2954 USA
SN 0002-9297
J9 AM J HUM GENET
JI Am. J. Hum. Genet.
PD NOV
PY 2006
VL 79
IS 5
BP 965
EP 972
DI 10.1086/508902
PG 8
WC Genetics & Heredity
SC Genetics & Heredity
GA 100KJ
UT WOS:000241667400018
PM 17033973
ER
PT J
AU Lainhart, JE
Bigler, ED
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AF Lainhart, Janet E.
Bigler, Erin D.
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Coon, Hilary
Dinh, Elena
Dawson, Geraldine
Deutsch, Curtis K.
Dunn, Michelle
Estes, Annette
Tager-Flusberg, Helen
Folstein, Susan
Hepburn, Susan
Hyman, Susan
McMahon, William
Minshew, Nancy
Munson, Jeff
Osann, Kathy
Ozonoff, Sally
Rodier, Patricia
Rogers, Sally
Sigman, Marian
Spence, M. Anne
Stodgell, Christopher J.
Volkmar, Fred
TI Head circumference and height in autism: A study by the Collaborative
Program of Excellence in Autism
SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF MEDICAL GENETICS PART A
LA English
DT Article
DE autism; autism-spectrum disorder; head circumference; macrocephaly;
height
ID PERVASIVE DEVELOPMENTAL DISORDERS; BRAIN VOLUME; CHILDREN; INDIVIDUALS;
SPECTRUM; GROWTH; PREVALENCE; BIRTH; SIZE; LIFE
AB Data from 10 sites of the NICHD/NIDCD Collaborative Programs of Excellence in Autism were combined to Study the distribution of head circumference and relationship to demographic and clinical variables. Three hundred thirty-eight probands with autism-spectruin disorder (ASD) including 208 probands with autism were studied along with 147 parents: 149 siblings, and typically developing controls. ASDs were diagnosed, and head circumference and clinical variables measured in a standardized manner across all sites. All Subjects with autism met ADI-R, ADOS-G, DSM-IV, and ICD-10 criteria. The results show the distribution of standardized head circumference in autism is normal in shape, and the mean, variance; and rate of macrocephaly but not microcephaly are increased. Head circumference tends to be large relative to height in autism. No site, gender, age, SES, verbal, or non-verbal IQ effects were present in the autism sample. In addition to autism itself, standardized height and average parental head circumference were the most important factors predicting head circumference in individuals with autism. Mean standardized head circumference and rates of macrocephaly were similar in probands with autism and their parents. Increased head circumference was associated with a higher (more severe) ADI-R social algorithm score. Macrocephaly is associated with delayed onset of language. Although mean head circumference and rates of macrocephaly are increased in autism, a high degree of variability is present, underscoring the complex clinical heterogeneity of the disorder. The wide distribution of head circumference in autism has major implications for genetic, neuroimaging, and other neurobiological research. (c) 2006 Wiley-Liss, Inc.
C1 Dept Psychiat, Salt Lake City, UT USA.
Univ Utah, Inst Brain, Salt Lake City, UT USA.
Brigham Young Univ, Provo, UT 84602 USA.
Univ Calif Irvine, Irvine, CA USA.
Univ Washington, Seattle, WA 98195 USA.
Harvard Univ, Boston, MA 02115 USA.
Albert Einstein Univ, New York, NY USA.
Boston Univ, Boston, MA 02215 USA.
Johns Hopkins Univ, Baltimore, MD USA.
Univ Calif Davis, MIND Inst, Sacramento, CA 95817 USA.
Univ Rochester, Rochester, NY USA.
Univ Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA USA.
Univ Calif Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA USA.
Yale Univ, New Haven, CT USA.
RP Lainhart, JE (reprint author), Utah Autism Res Program, 421 Wakara Way,Suite 143, Salt Lake City, UT 84108 USA.
EM janet.lainhart@hsc.utah.edu
RI Tager-Flusberg, Helen/D-5265-2009
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NR 45
TC 140
Z9 143
PU WILEY-LISS
PI HOBOKEN
PA DIV JOHN WILEY & SONS INC, 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN, NJ 07030 USA
SN 1552-4825
J9 AM J MED GENET A
JI Am. J. Med. Genet. A
PD NOV 1
PY 2006
VL 140A
IS 21
BP 2257
EP 2274
DI 10.1002/ajmg.a.31465
PG 18
WC Genetics & Heredity
SC Genetics & Heredity
GA 103SF
UT WOS:000241906300001
PM 17022081
ER
PT J
AU Brady, N
Skinner, D
Roberts, J
Hennon, E
AF Brady, Nancy
Skinner, Debra
Roberts, Joanne
Hennon, Elizabeth
TI Communication in young children with fragile X syndrome: A qualitative
study of mothers' perspectives
SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF SPEECH-LANGUAGE PATHOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE fragile X; communication disorders; parents; preschool children;
qualitative research analysis
ID BEHAVIORAL-PHENOTYPE; ADAPTIVE-BEHAVIOR; LANGUAGE; MALES; INTERVENTION;
AUTISM; DISABILITIES; ADOLESCENTS; EXPERIENCES; SYMPTOMS
AB Purpose: To provide descriptive and qualitative information about communication in young children with fragile X syndrome (FXS) and about how families react to and accommodate communication differences in their children.
Method: In-depth interviews were conducted with 55 mothers of young children with FXS. Interviewers asked mothers to describe their children's communication, strategies they used to help promote their children's communication, communication-related frustrations, their expectations for their children, and the roles that they perceive for themselves.
Results: Over half the children were nonverbal and learning to communicate with augmentative and alternative communication. Mothers reported using strategies that were developmentally appropriate and recommended by early childhood experts, such as reading and talking to their children. Many mothers identified challenges faced in helping their child to communicate, and some cited difficulty obtaining speech-language services as a challenge. Mothers identified their roles as caregiver, teacher, therapist, and advocate.
Conclusions: The perspectives offered by mothers are valuable because they indicate how children with FXS communicate in natural contexts. Information about mothers' expectations and roles may help clinicians to be sensitive to variables that will affect working with young children and their families.
C1 Univ Kansas, Lawrence, KS 66045 USA.
Univ N Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC USA.
RP Brady, N (reprint author), Univ Kansas, 1052 Dole,1000 Sunnyside Dr, Lawrence, KS 66045 USA.
EM nbrady@ku.edu
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NR 68
TC 17
Z9 17
PU AMER SPEECH-LANGUAGE-HEARING ASSOC
PI ROCKVILLE
PA 10801 ROCKVILLE PIKE, ROCKVILLE, MD 20852-3279 USA
SN 1058-0360
J9 AM J SPEECH-LANG PAT
JI Am. J. Speech-Lang. Pathol.
PD NOV
PY 2006
VL 15
IS 4
BP 353
EP 364
DI 10.1044/1058-0360(2006/033)
PG 12
WC Audiology & Speech-Language Pathology; Linguistics; Rehabilitation
SC Audiology & Speech-Language Pathology; Linguistics; Rehabilitation
GA 114DI
UT WOS:000242646500007
PM 17102146
ER
PT J
AU Yoder, PJ
AF Yoder, Paul J.
TI Predicting lexical density growth rate in young children with autism
spectrum disorders
SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF SPEECH-LANGUAGE PATHOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE autism; spoken language; predictors
ID JOINT ATTENTION; FOLLOW-UP; COMMUNICATION INTERVENTIONS;
DEVELOPMENTAL-DISABILITIES; LANGUAGE-DEVELOPMENT; PRESCHOOLERS;
PROGNOSIS; DEFICITS; LEVEL; PLAY
AB Purpose: The purpose of this longitudinal correlational study was to test whether an environmental variable and 4 child variables predicted growth rate of number of different nonimitative words used (i.e., lexical density).
Method: Thirty-five young (age range 21-54 months) children with autism spectrum disorders (ASD) who were initially nonverbal or low verbal participated in the study. Lexical density was measured at 3 times: at entry into the study as well as 6 months and 12 months after entry into the study. Growth curve analysis was used to test the associations. The predictive value of the putative predictors in the model was tested after controlling for initial expressive language impairment.
Results: Initial frequency of intentional communication and diversity of object play were predictors of lexical density growth above and beyond initial expressive language impairment (both pseudo R(2)S =.14).
Conclusions: Intentional communication and diversity of object play may represent important prelinguistic goals for young children with ASD. These skills not only have been shown to be malleable through treatment, but they also provide a context for linguistic input from others that may facilitate language development.
C1 Vanderbilt Univ, Nashville, TN 37203 USA.
RP Yoder, PJ (reprint author), Vanderbilt Univ, 230 Appleton Pl, Nashville, TN 37203 USA.
EM paul.yoder@vanderbilt.edu
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NR 55
TC 11
Z9 11
PU AMER SPEECH-LANGUAGE-HEARING ASSOC
PI ROCKVILLE
PA 10801 ROCKVILLE PIKE, ROCKVILLE, MD 20852-3279 USA
SN 1058-0360
J9 AM J SPEECH-LANG PAT
JI Am. J. Speech-Lang. Pathol.
PD NOV
PY 2006
VL 15
IS 4
BP 378
EP 388
DI 10.1044/1058-0360(2006/035)
PG 11
WC Audiology & Speech-Language Pathology; Linguistics; Rehabilitation
SC Audiology & Speech-Language Pathology; Linguistics; Rehabilitation
GA 114DI
UT WOS:000242646500009
PM 17102148
ER
PT J
AU Dickson, CA
Deutsch, CK
Wang, SS
Dube, WV
AF Dickson, Chata A.
Deutsch, Curtis K.
Wang, Sharon S.
Dube, William V.
TI Matching-to-sample assessment of stimulus overselectivity in students
with intellectual disabilities
SO AMERICAN JOURNAL ON MENTAL RETARDATION
LA English
DT Article
ID SEVERE MENTAL-RETARDATION; OVER-SELECTIVITY; CHILDREN; ATTENTION;
ADOLESCENTS; AUTISM; DISCRIMINATION; ADULTS
AB A delayed matching-to-sample task with multiple sample stimuli was used to evaluate stimulus overselectivity in 70 individuals attending residential special-education schools. A Mental Age Equivalent score (MAE) was obtained for each student using the Peabody Picture Vocabulary Test. Twenty-one participants failed to complete matching-to-sample pretests (mean MAE = 3.70 years). Results on the multiple-sample test for the remaining 49 participants indicated no overselectivity for 14 students (mean MAE = 7.44 years) and were consistent with overselectivity for 35 students (mean MAE = 5.28 years). Performances of students with overselectivity were more variable than those with no overselectivity. The MAE scores were related to both matching-to-sample performance and stimulus overselectivity.
C1 Univ Massachusetts, Sch Med, Shriver Ctr, Amherst, MA 01003 USA.
RP Dube, WV (reprint author), UMMS Shriver Ctr, Dept Psychol Sci, 200 Trapelo Rd, Waltham, MA 02452 USA.
EM william.dube@umassmed.edu
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NR 22
TC 7
Z9 7
PU AMER ASSOC MENTAL RETARDATION
PI WASHINGTON
PA 444 N CAPITOL ST, NW, STE 846, WASHINGTON, DC 20001-1512 USA
SN 0895-8017
J9 AM J MENT RETARD
JI Am. J. Ment. Retard.
PD NOV
PY 2006
VL 111
IS 6
BP 447
EP 453
DI 10.1352/0895-8017(2006)111[447:MAOSOI]2.0.CO;2
PG 7
WC Education, Special; Rehabilitation
SC Education & Educational Research; Rehabilitation
GA 108ZF
UT WOS:000242277000006
PM 17029502
ER
PT J
AU Beversdorf, DQ
AF Beversdorf, David Q.
TI Noradrenergic modulation of cognition and autism spectrum disorders
SO ANNALS OF NEUROLOGY
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
CT 131st Annual Meeting of the American-Neurological-Association
CY OCT 08-11, 2006
CL Chicago, IL
SP Amer Neurol Assoc
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
PU WILEY-LISS
PI HOBOKEN
PA DIV JOHN WILEY & SONS INC, 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN, NJ 07030 USA
SN 0364-5134
J9 ANN NEUROL
JI Ann. Neurol.
PD NOV
PY 2006
VL 60
IS 5
BP 625
EP 625
PG 1
WC Clinical Neurology; Neurosciences
SC Neurosciences & Neurology
GA 112RQ
UT WOS:000242545100030
ER
PT J
AU Isenberg, N
AF Isenberg, N.
TI Disruption of the mirror neuron system in autism: An fMRI stud of social
and instrumental gesture
SO ANNALS OF NEUROLOGY
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
CT 131st Annual Meeting of the American-Neurological-Association
CY OCT 08-11, 2006
CL Chicago, IL
SP Amer Neurol Assoc
C1 JFK Med Ctr, Dept Neurosci, Edison, NJ 08818 USA.
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
PU WILEY-LISS
PI HOBOKEN
PA DIV JOHN WILEY & SONS INC, 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN, NJ 07030 USA
SN 0364-5134
J9 ANN NEUROL
JI Ann. Neurol.
PD NOV
PY 2006
VL 60
IS 5
BP 627
EP 628
PG 2
WC Clinical Neurology; Neurosciences
SC Neurosciences & Neurology
GA 112RQ
UT WOS:000242545100036
ER
PT J
AU Barbaresi, WJ
Katusic, SK
Voigt, RG
AF Barbaresi, William J.
Katusic, Slavica K.
Voigt, Robert G.
TI Autism - A review of the state of the science for pediatric primary
health care clinicians
SO ARCHIVES OF PEDIATRICS & ADOLESCENT MEDICINE
LA English
DT Review
ID PERVASIVE DEVELOPMENTAL DISORDERS; INTENSIVE BEHAVIORAL TREATMENT;
SPECTRUM DISORDERS; YOUNG-CHILDREN; COGNITIVE PROFILES; GASTROINTESTINAL
DISORDERS; DIAGNOSTIC INTERVIEW; MENTAL-RETARDATION; MODIFIED CHECKLIST;
MEDICAL DISORDERS
AB Autism is a complex neurodevelopmental disorder characterized by impaired reciprocal social interaction, impaired communication, and restricted, repetitive, or stereotyped behaviors. Autism seems to affect more children than was previously believed, although this phenomenon may be due to broadening of the diagnostic criteria and increased awareness of the condition. Recent research has clearly indicated the importance of early identification, since early intensive treatment is associated with better long-term outcome. There are many controversies and competing theories about the etiology and treatment of autism, often leaving families confused about the best course of treatment and intervention. Pediatric primary health care clinicians have an important role in both the early identification and ongoing management of children with autism. It is, therefore, essential that primary care clinicians have up-to-date information about the science of autism.
C1 Mayo Clin & Mayo Fdn, Coll Med, Dept Pediat & Adolescent Med, Div Dev & Behav Pediat, Rochester, MN 55905 USA.
Mayo Clin & Mayo Fdn, Coll Med, Dept Hlth Res, Div Epidemiol, Rochester, MN 55905 USA.
Mayo Clin & Mayo Fdn, Coll Med, Dana Child Dev & Learning Disorders Program, Rochester, MN 55905 USA.
RP Barbaresi, WJ (reprint author), Mayo Clin & Mayo Fdn, Coll Med, Dept Pediat & Adolescent Med, Div Dev & Behav Pediat, 200 1st St SW, Rochester, MN 55905 USA.
EM barbaresi.william@mayo.edu
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NR 141
TC 33
Z9 33
PU AMER MEDICAL ASSOC
PI CHICAGO
PA 515 N STATE ST, CHICAGO, IL 60610-0946 USA
SN 1072-4710
J9 ARCH PEDIAT ADOL MED
JI Arch. Pediatr. Adolesc. Med.
PD NOV
PY 2006
VL 160
IS 11
BP 1167
EP 1175
DI 10.1001/archpedi.160.11.1167
PG 9
WC Pediatrics
SC Pediatrics
GA 102HN
UT WOS:000241801700011
PM 17088521
ER
PT J
AU Mazefsky, CA
Oswald, DP
AF Mazefsky, Carla A.
Oswald, Donald P.
TI The discriminative ability and diagnostic utility of the ADOS-G, ADI-R,
and GARS for children in a clinical setting
SO AUTISM
LA English
DT Article
DE assessment; autism; clinical sample; differential diagnosis
ID PERVASIVE DEVELOPMENTAL DISORDERS; ASPERGERS-DISORDER; AUTISTIC
DISORDER; DSM-IV; INTERVIEW; ADOLESCENTS; STABILITY; SPECTRUM
AB Recent years have seen a surge of interest in assessment instruments for diagnosing autism in children. Instruments have generally been developed and evaluated from a research perspective. The Autism Diagnostic Observation Schedule-Generic (ADOS-G), Autism Diagnostic Interview-Revised (ADI-R), and Gilliam Autism Rating Scale (GARS) have received considerable attention and are widely used. The objective of this study was to explore the diagnostic utility and discriminative ability of these tools using a clinical population of children referred to a specialty diagnostic clinic over a 3 year time span. The results indicated that the ADOS-G and ADI-R led to approximately 75 percent agreement with team diagnoses, with most inconsistencies being false positive diagnoses based on the measures. The GARS was generally ineffective at discriminating between children with various team diagnoses and consistently underestimated the likelihood of autism. The findings have important implications for the use of these measures in both research and clinical practice.
C1 Virginia Commonwealth Univ, Dept Psychiat, Richmond, VA 23298 USA.
Univ Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA USA.
RP Oswald, DP (reprint author), Virginia Commonwealth Univ, Dept Psychiat, Box 980489, Richmond, VA 23298 USA.
EM doswald@vcu.edu
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NR 22
TC 35
Z9 36
PU SAGE PUBLICATIONS LTD
PI LONDON
PA 1 OLIVERS YARD, 55 CITY ROAD, LONDON EC1Y 1SP, ENGLAND
SN 1362-3613
J9 AUTISM
JI Autism
PD NOV
PY 2006
VL 10
IS 6
BP 533
EP 549
DI 10.1177/136236130606850S
PG 17
WC Psychology, Developmental
SC Psychology
GA 109WY
UT WOS:000242341500002
PM 17088271
ER
PT J
AU Elfert, M
Mirenda, P
AF Elfert, Miriam
Mirenda, Pat
TI The experiences of behavior interventionists who work with children with
autism in families' homes
SO AUTISM
LA English
DT Article
DE autism; behavior intervention; Canada; coping; family; stress
ID STRESSORS; HEALTH
AB This study examined the experiences of 65 behavior interventionists (BIs) who provide 1:1 home-based instruction to children with autism in two Canadian provinces. Dependent variables included occupational stress; the relationships among stress, strain, and coping; the relationship between stress and the characteristics of both challenging families and children with autism; and the most and least rewarding aspects of BIs' jobs. The two most stressful work roles for BIs were role overload (the extent to which job demands exceed personal/workplace resources) and role boundary (the extent to which the individual experiences conflicting role demands at work). Significant relationships were found between coping and both stress and strain; however, coping did not moderate the relationship between stress and strain. Significant correlations were found between BI stress and both sensory-related behaviors and social unrelatedness in children with autism. The implications for the BIs, the families, and the agencies are discussed.
C1 Univ British Columbia, Fac Educ, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z4, Canada.
RP Mirenda, P (reprint author), Univ British Columbia, Fac Educ, 2125 Main Mall, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z4, Canada.
EM pat.mirenda@ubc.ca
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STEWART MJ, 1994, CAN J PUBLIC HEALTH, V85, P180
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NR 19
TC 1
Z9 1
PU SAGE PUBLICATIONS LTD
PI LONDON
PA 1 OLIVERS YARD, 55 CITY ROAD, LONDON EC1Y 1SP, ENGLAND
SN 1362-3613
J9 AUTISM
JI Autism
PD NOV
PY 2006
VL 10
IS 6
BP 577
EP 591
DI 10.1177/1362361306068502
PG 15
WC Psychology, Developmental
SC Psychology
GA 109WY
UT WOS:000242341500005
PM 17088274
ER
PT J
AU Konstantareas, MM
Papageorgiou, V
AF Konstantareas, M. Mary
Papageorgiou, Vaya
TI Effects of temperament, symptom severity and level of functioning on
maternal stress in Greek children and youth with ASD
SO AUTISM
LA English
DT Article
DE autism spectrum disorder; emotion regulation; maternal stress;
temperament
ID YOUNG-CHILDREN; BEHAVIOR; AUTISM; PSYCHOPATHOLOGY; DISABILITIES;
PARENTS; BIRTH
AB This study examined the effect of child temperament, symptom severity, verbal ability and level of functioning on maternal stress in 43 Greek mothers of children and young people with autism spectrum disorder. Symptom severity was assessed by the CARS, level of functioning by the PEP, temperament by the Dimensions of Temperament Scale (DOTS-R) and maternal stress by the Clarke Modification of Holroyd's Questionnaire on Resources and Stress (QRS). Lower-functioning children and those with high activity level, low flexibility and low mood scores were perceived to be more stressful. Counter to expectation, children with ASD who were rated high on rhythmicity and task orientation were perceived as more stressful. Best predictors of maternal stress were high activity level, low mood and high symptom severity. Mothers of non-verbal children were more stressed than those of verbal. The relevance of child temperament for understanding maternal stress is discussed with particular relevance to the Greek culture and available supports.
C1 Univ Guelph, Dept Psychol, Guelph, ON N1G 2W1, Canada.
Med Psychopaedol Ctr, Thessaloniki, Greece.
RP Konstantareas, MM (reprint author), Univ Guelph, Dept Psychol, Guelph, ON N1G 2W1, Canada.
EM mkonstan@uoguelph.ca
CR American Psychiatric Association, 1994, DIAGN STAT MAN MENT, V4th
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NR 35
TC 19
Z9 19
PU SAGE PUBLICATIONS LTD
PI LONDON
PA 1 OLIVERS YARD, 55 CITY ROAD, LONDON EC1Y 1SP, ENGLAND
SN 1362-3613
J9 AUTISM
JI Autism
PD NOV
PY 2006
VL 10
IS 6
BP 593
EP 607
DI 10.1177/1362361306068511
PG 15
WC Psychology, Developmental
SC Psychology
GA 109WY
UT WOS:000242341500006
PM 17088275
ER
PT J
AU Knott, F
Dunlop, AW
MacKay, T
AF Knott, Fiona
Dunlop, Aline-Wendy
MacKay, Tommy
TI Living with ASD
SO AUTISM
LA English
DT Article
DE autistic spectrum disorders; parent report; self-report; social
competence; social skills
ID HIGH-FUNCTIONING CHILDREN; AUTISM
AB Social interaction and understanding in autistic spectrum disorder (ASD) are key areas of concern to practitioners and researchers alike. However, there is a relative lack of information about the skills and competencies of children and young people with ASD who access ordinary community facilities including mainstream education. In particular, contributions by parents and their children have been under-utilized. Using two structured questionnaires, 19 children with ASD reported difficulties with social skills including social engagement and temper management and also reported difficulties with social competence, affecting both friendships and peer relationships. Parents rated the children's social skill and competence as significantly worse than did the children themselves, but there was considerable agreement about the areas that were problematic. Using an informal measure to highlight their children's difficulties, parents raised issues relating to conversation skills, social emotional reciprocity and peer relationships. The implications for assessment and intervention are discussed.
C1 Univ Reading, Sch Psychol, Reading RG6 6AL, Berks, England.
Univ Strathclyde, Glasgow G1 1XQ, Lanark, Scotland.
RP Knott, F (reprint author), Univ Reading, Sch Psychol, Earley Gate, Reading RG6 6AL, Berks, England.
EM f.j.knott@reading.ac.uk
CR Bauminger N, 2003, J AUTISM DEV DISORD, V33, P489, DOI 10.1023/A:1025827427901
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VOLKMAR F, 1997, HDB AUTISM PERVASIVE
Wrobel NH, 1998, PSYCHOL SCHOOLS, V35, P17
NR 17
TC 27
Z9 27
PU SAGE PUBLICATIONS LTD
PI LONDON
PA 1 OLIVERS YARD, 55 CITY ROAD, LONDON EC1Y 1SP, ENGLAND
SN 1362-3613
J9 AUTISM
JI Autism
PD NOV
PY 2006
VL 10
IS 6
BP 609
EP 617
DI 10.1177/1362361306068510
PG 9
WC Psychology, Developmental
SC Psychology
GA 109WY
UT WOS:000242341500007
PM 17088276
ER
PT J
AU Howard, B
Cohn, E
Orsmond, GI
AF Howard, Brooke
Cohn, Ellen
Orsmond, Gael I.
TI Understanding and negotiating friendships
SO AUTISM
LA English
DT Article
DE adolescent; Asperger syndrome; autism; friendship
ID HIGH-FUNCTIONING CHILDREN; AUTISM; LONELINESS
AB This case study explored perceptions of friendship of an adolescent with Asperger syndrome. Data were collected through semi-structured interviews, photographs taken by the adolescent, and quality of life and friendship measures. Data were analyzed using grounded theory principles and organized into three themes: (1) characteristics of a friend, (2) family involvement, and (3) enjoyment of friendships and desire to have them. The adolescent appeared to enjoy having friends, was interested in pursuing friendships, and had a basic understanding of many characteristics of friendships. He described negotiating his own and his friend's focused interests. Family members played important roles in the establishment and maintenance of the adolescent's friendships.
C1 Boston Univ, Boston, MA 02215 USA.
RP Howard, B (reprint author), 429 Norfolk St 11, Somerville, MA 02143 USA.
CR American Psychiatric Association, 2000, DIAGN STAT MAN MENT
Bauminger N, 2003, J AUTISM DEV DISORD, V33, P489, DOI 10.1023/A:1025827427901
Bauminger N, 2000, CHILD DEV, V71, P447, DOI 10.1111/1467-8624.00156
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NR 21
TC 13
Z9 13
PU SAGE PUBLICATIONS LTD
PI LONDON
PA 1 OLIVERS YARD, 55 CITY ROAD, LONDON EC1Y 1SP, ENGLAND
SN 1362-3613
J9 AUTISM
JI Autism
PD NOV
PY 2006
VL 10
IS 6
BP 619
EP 627
DI 10.1177/1362361306068508
PG 9
WC Psychology, Developmental
SC Psychology
GA 109WY
UT WOS:000242341500008
PM 17088277
ER
PT J
AU Benderix, Y
Nordstrom, B
Sivberg, B
AF Benderix, Ylva
Nordstrom, Berit
Sivberg, Bengt
TI Parents' experience of having a child with autism and learning
disabilities living in a group home - A case study
SO AUTISM
LA English
DT Article
DE autism; exhaustion; group home; parents; respite; Sweden
ID STRESS
AB Some children with autism and learning disabilities also have aberrant behaviours that are difficult to regulate and stressful for both the child and family members. This case study concerns experiences of 10 parents from five families before and 2 years after entrusting their 10- to 11-year-old child with autism to a group home. Hermeneutic phenomenological analysis of narrative interviews with the parents before the child's moving showed them experiencing grief and sorrow, total exhaustion because of inability to regulate their child's behaviours, social isolation, and negative effects on the child's siblings, but experiencing themselves as more sympathetic than previously towards other people with problems. Two years later they experienced relief for the family due to the group home arrangement and the child's improvement, but with an ethical dilemma which made them feel guilty, despite increased hope for the future. Some also felt unhappy with the staff situation at the group home.
C1 Lund Univ, Fac Med, Div Hlth Sci, SE-22100 Lund, Sweden.
RP Benderix, Y (reprint author), Lund Univ, Fac Med, Div Hlth Sci, POB 157, SE-22100 Lund, Sweden.
EM ylva.benderix@med.lu.se
CR BAGENHOLM A, 1991, J MENTAL DEFICIENCY, V35, P210
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van Manen M., 2002, WRITING DARK PHENOME
NR 21
TC 8
Z9 8
PU SAGE PUBLICATIONS LTD
PI LONDON
PA 1 OLIVERS YARD, 55 CITY ROAD, LONDON EC1Y 1SP, ENGLAND
SN 1362-3613
J9 AUTISM
JI Autism
PD NOV
PY 2006
VL 10
IS 6
BP 629
EP 641
DI 10.1177/1362361307070902
PG 13
WC Psychology, Developmental
SC Psychology
GA 109WY
UT WOS:000242341500009
PM 17088278
ER
PT J
AU Gilfoy, H
AF Gilfoy, Hilary
TI Voices from the spectrum: Parents, grandparents, siblings, people with
autism, and professionals share their wisdom
SO AUTISM
LA English
DT Book Review
CR Ariel C. N., 2005, VOICES SPECTRUM PARE
NR 1
TC 0
Z9 0
PU SAGE PUBLICATIONS LTD
PI LONDON
PA 1 OLIVERS YARD, 55 CITY ROAD, LONDON EC1Y 1SP, ENGLAND
SN 1362-3613
J9 AUTISM
JI Autism
PD NOV
PY 2006
VL 10
IS 6
BP 643
EP 644
DI 10.1177/1362361306068513
PG 2
WC Psychology, Developmental
SC Psychology
GA 109WY
UT WOS:000242341500010
ER
PT J
AU Stein, CM
Millard, C
Kluge, A
Miscimarra, LE
Cartier, KC
Freebairn, LA
Hansen, AJ
Shriberg, LD
Taylor, HG
Lewis, BA
Iyengar, SK
AF Stein, Catherine M.
Millard, Christopher
Kluge, Amy
Miscimarra, Lara E.
Cartier, Kevin C.
Freebairn, Lisa A.
Hansen, Amy J.
Shriberg, Lawrence D.
Taylor, H. Gerry
Lewis, Barbara A.
Iyengar, Sudha K.
TI Speech sound disorder influenced by a locus in 15q14 region
SO BEHAVIOR GENETICS
LA English
DT Article
DE phonology; speech; language; parent-of-origin; allele-sharing
ID PRADER-WILLI-SYNDROME; QUANTITATIVE-TRAIT LOCUS; AUTISM SUSCEPTIBILITY
GENES; FAMILY-BASED ASSOCIATION; LANGUAGE IMPAIRMENT; DEVELOPMENTAL
DYSLEXIA; READING-DISABILITY; CHROMOSOME 7Q; ANGELMAN-SYNDROME;
CANDIDATE GENE
AB Despite a growing body of evidence indicating that speech sound disorder (SSD) has an underlying genetic etiology, researchers have not yet identified specific genes predisposing to this condition. The speech and language deficits associated with SSD are shared with several other disorders, including dyslexia, autism, Prader-Willi Syndrome (PWS), and Angelman's Syndrome ( AS), raising the possibility of gene sharing. Furthermore, we previously demonstrated that dyslexia and SSD share genetic susceptibility loci. The present study assesses the hypothesis that SSD also shares susceptibility loci with autism and PWS. To test this hypothesis, we examined linkage between SSD phenotypes and microsatellite markers on the chromosome 15q14-21 region, which has been associated with autism, PWS/AS, and dyslexia. Using SSD as the phenotype, we replicated linkage to the 15q14 region (P = 0.004). Further modeling revealed that this locus influenced oral-motor function, articulation and phonological memory, and that linkage at D15S118 was potentially influenced by a parent-of-origin effect (LOD score increase from 0.97 to 2.17, P = 0.0633). These results suggest shared genetic determinants in this chromosomal region for SSD, autism, and PWS/AS.
C1 Case Western Reserve Univ, Dept Epidemiol & Biostat, Cleveland, OH 44106 USA.
Case Western Reserve Univ, Rainbow Babies & Childrens Hosp, Dept Pediat, Cleveland, OH 44106 USA.
Univ Wisconsin, Waisman Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA.
RP Iyengar, SK (reprint author), Case Western Reserve Univ, Dept Epidemiol & Biostat, Wolstein Res Bldg,Room 1315,2103 Cornell Rd, Cleveland, OH 44106 USA.
EM ski@cwru.edu
RI Stein, Catherine/A-2715-2008
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Wigg KG, 2004, MOL PSYCHIATR, V9, P1111, DOI 10.1038/sj.mp.4001543
YLISAUKKOOJA T, 2004, EUR J HUM GENET, V13, P127
NR 69
TC 37
Z9 38
PU SPRINGER
PI NEW YORK
PA 233 SPRING STREET, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA
SN 0001-8244
J9 BEHAV GENET
JI Behav. Genet.
PD NOV
PY 2006
VL 36
IS 6
BP 858
EP 868
DI 10.1007/s10519-006-9090-7
PG 11
WC Behavioral Sciences; Genetics & Heredity; Psychology, Multidisciplinary
SC Behavioral Sciences; Genetics & Heredity; Psychology
GA 210IC
UT WOS:000249448900006
PM 16786424
ER
PT J
AU Jones, EA
Carr, EG
Feeley, KM
AF Jones, Emily A.
Carr, Edward G.
Feeley, Kathleen M.
TI Multiple effects of joint attention intervention for children with
autism
SO BEHAVIOR MODIFICATION
LA English
DT Article
DE autism; joint attention; discrete trial instruction; pivotal response
training
ID COMMUNICATION-SKILLS; BEHAVIOR; INFANTS; PEERS; DELAY
AB Joint attention refers to an early developing set of behaviors that plays a critical role in both social and language development and is specifically impaired in children with autism. In a series of three studies, preschool teachers demonstrated the effectiveness of discrete trial instruction and pivotal response training strategies to teach joint attention to 5 children with autism (Study 1). Parents of 2 of the 5 children also taught joint attention at home and in the community (Study 2). Several additional dependent measures demonstrated collateral improvements in expressive language and social-communicative characteristics that were socially validated by parent raters (Study 3). Results are discussed with respect to the importance of addressing different forms of joint attention, the necessity to extend intervention to naturalistic contexts and joint attention partners, the pivotal nature of joint attention, and whether intervention adequately addresses both the form and social function of joint attention.
C1 Long Isl Univ, Dept Psychol, Brookville, NY 11548 USA.
SUNY Stony Brook, Dept Psychol, Dev Disabil Inst, Stony Brook, NY 11794 USA.
RP Jones, EA (reprint author), Long Isl Univ, Dept Psychol, C-W Post Campus, Brookville, NY 11548 USA.
CR ADAMSON LB, 1985, CHILD DEV, V56, P582, DOI 10.2307/1129748
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NR 43
TC 43
Z9 43
PU SAGE PUBLICATIONS INC
PI THOUSAND OAKS
PA 2455 TELLER RD, THOUSAND OAKS, CA 91320 USA
SN 0145-4455
J9 BEHAV MODIF
JI Behav. Modificat.
PD NOV
PY 2006
VL 30
IS 6
BP 782
EP 834
DI 10.1177/0145445506289392
PG 53
WC Psychology, Clinical
SC Psychology
GA 093JE
UT WOS:000241163800003
PM 17050765
ER
PT J
AU Carr, EG
Blakeley-Smith, A
AF Carr, Edward G.
Blakeley-Smith, Audrey
TI Classroom intervention for illness-related problem behavior in children
with developmental disabilities
SO BEHAVIOR MODIFICATION
LA English
DT Article
DE autism; problem behavior; illness; classroom intervention
ID ADULTS
AB There is growing evidence of an association between physical illness and problem behavior in children with developmental disabilities. Such behavior can compromise school performance. Therefore, the purpose of the present study was to evaluate, using a group design, the effectiveness of medical intervention alone (N = 11) versus behavioral plus medical intervention (N = 10) for illness-related problem behavior in a school setting. Following intervention, the behavioral plus medical intervention group showed lower levels of problem behavior and completed more academic tasks than did the medical intervention alone group. The results are discussed with respect to the concept of illness and pain as a setting event for problem behavior. The need for research to develop algorithms that allow one to select the best combination of medical and behavioral interventions for specific illnesses and contexts is noted.
C1 SUNY Stony Brook, Dept Psychol, Dev Disabil Inst, Stony Brook, NY 11794 USA.
Univ Colorado Denver & Hlth Sci Ctr, Dept Psychiat, Denver, CO USA.
RP Carr, EG (reprint author), SUNY Stony Brook, Dept Psychol, Dev Disabil Inst, Stony Brook, NY 11794 USA.
CR AMAN MG, 1985, AM J MENT DEF, V89, P492
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Bosch J, 1997, MENT RETARD, V35, P124, DOI 10.1352/0047-6765(1997)035<0124:ROMCIT>2.0.CO;2
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NR 28
TC 8
Z9 8
PU SAGE PUBLICATIONS INC
PI THOUSAND OAKS
PA 2455 TELLER RD, THOUSAND OAKS, CA 91320 USA
SN 0145-4455
J9 BEHAV MODIF
JI Behav. Modificat.
PD NOV
PY 2006
VL 30
IS 6
BP 901
EP 924
DI 10.1177/0145445506290080
PG 24
WC Psychology, Clinical
SC Psychology
GA 093JE
UT WOS:000241163800008
PM 17050770
ER
PT J
AU Dyer, K
Martino, GM
Parvenski, T
AF Dyer, Kathleen
Martino, Gayle M.
Parvenski, Tom
TI The River Street Autism Program - A case study of a regional service
center behavioral intervention program
SO BEHAVIOR MODIFICATION
LA English
DT Article
DE autism; early intensive behavioral intervention; quality programming;
quality of life
ID CHILDREN; LANGUAGE; INDIVIDUALS
AB An urgent demand from Connecticut parents for behavioral intervention resulted in the development of the River Street Autism Program (RSAP). This research-to-practice program implements intervention service based on empirical research findings conducted with children diagnosed with autism and pervasive developmental disorders. RSAP is provided through a regional service center and provides services for children entering the program at 2 to 5 years old. Because of the diverse nature of the districts served by RSAP, the delivered services varied according to the needs of the districts, available funding, and family preferences. Program evaluation data were therefore examined with regard to outcomes for children who received programs with differing numbers of treatment components. Treatment components that varied across children were treatment intensity, duration, extent of family participation, staff training, and supervision. Outcome data revealed that families reported greater gains in child functioning and quality of life when children received programs with more treatment components.
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NR 30
TC 2
Z9 2
PU SAGE PUBLICATIONS INC
PI THOUSAND OAKS
PA 2455 TELLER RD, THOUSAND OAKS, CA 91320 USA
SN 0145-4455
J9 BEHAV MODIF
JI Behav. Modificat.
PD NOV
PY 2006
VL 30
IS 6
BP 925
EP 943
DI 10.1177/0145445506291395
PG 19
WC Psychology, Clinical
SC Psychology
GA 093JE
UT WOS:000241163800009
PM 17050771
ER
PT J
AU Casey, SD
Merical, CL
AF Casey, Sean D.
Merical, Cheryl L.
TI The use of functional communication training without additional
treatment procedures in an inclusive school setting
SO BEHAVIORAL DISORDERS
LA English
DT Article
ID INTERMITTENT REINFORCEMENT; NEGATIVE REINFORCEMENT; DISRUPTIVE BEHAVIOR;
EXTINCTION; MAINTENANCE; CHILDREN; INTERVENTION; ACQUISITION;
PUNISHMENT; AUTISM
AB Functional communication training (FCT) is an intervention frequently used for students with developmental disabilities to reduce problematic behaviors and to increase prosocial behaviors. This intervention appears to be very effective when the communication responses trained are matched to the function of the student's problematic behaviors. In most cases, however, FCT is implemented as part of an intervention package. As a result, there is little research showing FCT to be effective without additional treatment components. In this investigation, the results of a brief functional analysis conducted with a student with autism in an inclusive school setting revealed that the student's self-injury served as a negative reinforcement function. We used a multiple baseline design across classrooms to evaluate the effects of FCT in the absence of augmentative procedures. The results of this study indicate that ameliorating the student's self-injury occurred with implementing the FCT procedure in isolation, providing growing support for using FCT without augmentative procedures.
C1 Penn State Univ, Malvern, PA 19355 USA.
RP Casey, SD (reprint author), Penn State Univ, 30 E Swedesford Rd, Malvern, PA 19355 USA.
EM sdc14@psu.edu
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NR 26
TC 10
Z9 10
PU COUNCIL CHILDREN BEHAVIORAL DISORDERS
PI ARLINGTON
PA COUNCIL EXCEPTIONAL CHILDREN, 1110 NORTH GLEBE RD, ARLINGTON, VA
22201-5704 USA
SN 0198-7429
J9 BEHAV DISORDERS
JI Behav. Disord.
PD NOV
PY 2006
VL 32
IS 1
BP 46
EP 54
PG 9
WC Psychology, Clinical; Psychology, Educational
SC Psychology
GA 175CP
UT WOS:000246990500004
ER
PT J
AU Butter, EM
Mulick, JA
Metz, B
AF Butter, Eric M.
Mulick, James A.
Metz, Bernard
TI Eight case reports of learning recovery in children with pervasive
developmental disorders after early intervention
SO BEHAVIORAL INTERVENTIONS
LA English
DT Article
ID INTENSIVE BEHAVIORAL TREATMENT; AUTISM; MODEL
AB Early intensive behavioral intervention (EIBI) is often recommended for children with Pervasive Developmental Disorders (PDD). It is an empirically supported treatment designed to address the core symptoms of autism including language delays, social and play skills, and restricted and repetitive behaviors as well as other related deficits in cognition and adaptive behavior. Though there are a growing number of research studies supporting EIBI, many questions remain about the nature and stability of best outcomes. The current study provides case descriptions of eight children previously diagnosed with an autism spectrum disorder and mental retardation who, after EIBI treatment, no longer met behavioral criteria for mental retardation or a PDD. The average gain in IQ standard scores was 34.6 (+/- 13.2) points; and, the average gain in adaptive behavior standard scores was 43 (+/- 25.3) points. Nonverbal IQ standard scores (mean = 93 +/- 12.6) and academic achievement standard scores (mean = 105.3 +/- 18.7) ended within the average range. Language skills remained impaired for seven children. The cases support findings of other researchers that learning recovery in autism and PDD is possible and may be related to intensive behavioral treatment. Individual differences in response to EIBI treatment are discussed. Copyright (c) 2006 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
C1 Ohio State Univ, Columbus, OH 43210 USA.
RP Butter, EM (reprint author), Columbia Childrens Hosp, Columbus Childrens Res Inst, Dept Pediat, 187 W Schrock Rd, Westerville, OH 43081 USA.
EM buttere@chi.osu.edu
CR Abidin RR, 1995, PARENTING STRESS IND
Achenbach T. M., 2001, ACHENBACH SYSTEM EMP
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NR 37
TC 17
Z9 18
PU JOHN WILEY & SONS LTD
PI CHICHESTER
PA THE ATRIUM, SOUTHERN GATE, CHICHESTER PO19 8SQ, W SUSSEX, ENGLAND
SN 1072-0847
J9 BEHAV INTERVENT
JI Behav. Intervent.
PD NOV
PY 2006
VL 21
IS 4
BP 227
EP 243
DI 10.1002/bin.225
PG 17
WC Psychology, Clinical
SC Psychology
GA 114OU
UT WOS:000242676300001
ER
PT J
AU Smith, T
Mruzek, DW
Wheat, LA
Hughes, C
AF Smith, Tristram
Mruzek, Daniel W.
Wheat, Leigh Ann
Hughes, Carrie
TI Error correction in discrimination training for children with autism
SO BEHAVIORAL INTERVENTIONS
LA English
DT Article
ID ACTIVE STUDENT RESPONSE; DEVELOPMENTAL-DISABILITIES; SIGHT WORDS;
MAINTENANCE; ACQUISITION; IMMEDIATE; STIMULUS
AB Three procedures for correcting errors made during discrimination training were examined: error statement (saying 'no'), modeling the correct response, and No Feedback. Six children with autism (age 3-7 years) were taught to match words to pictures with each of the three procedures, and the number of trials to mastery was compared across conditions. Results varied across participants. Two participants performed as well with no feedback as they did with an error correction procedure; two acquired skills slightly more quickly with an error correction procedure than with no feedback, but showed no difference between error correction procedures; one did best with error statement; and one did best with modeling. Results indicate that the choice of error correction procedure can have a large effect on rate of skill acquisition but that the optimal procedure may vary across individuals. Copyright (c) 2006 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
C1 Univ Rochester, Strong Ctr Developmental Disabil, Med Ctr, Rochester, NY 14642 USA.
RP Smith, T (reprint author), Univ Rochester, Strong Ctr Developmental Disabil, Med Ctr, 601 Elmwood Ave,Box 671, Rochester, NY 14642 USA.
EM Tristram_Smith@URMC.Rochester.edu
CR Altman K, 1980, Appl Res Ment Retard, V1, P193, DOI 10.1016/0270-3092(80)90004-1
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2004, PICTURE THIS PROFESS
NR 33
TC 9
Z9 9
PU JOHN WILEY & SONS LTD
PI CHICHESTER
PA THE ATRIUM, SOUTHERN GATE, CHICHESTER PO19 8SQ, W SUSSEX, ENGLAND
SN 1072-0847
J9 BEHAV INTERVENT
JI Behav. Intervent.
PD NOV
PY 2006
VL 21
IS 4
BP 245
EP 263
DI 10.1002/bin.223
PG 19
WC Psychology, Clinical
SC Psychology
GA 114OU
UT WOS:000242676300002
ER
PT J
AU Irvin, DS
AF Irvin, Douglas S.
TI Using analog assessment procedures for determining the effects of a
gluten-free and casein-free diet on rate of problem behaviors for an
adolescent with autism
SO BEHAVIORAL INTERVENTIONS
LA English
DT Article
ID FUNCTIONAL-ANALYSIS; SELF-INJURY
AB The behavioral effects of a gluten/casein-free diet were evaluated for an adolescent with autism who displayed several forms of aberrant behavior. An analog assessment was used to measure behavioral response rates within four conditions with type of diet controlled using a BABA design. Results suggested that a gluten/casein-free diet did not serve as an abolishing operation for assessed problem behaviors. Both the limitations and generality of this finding are discussed. Copyright (c) 2006 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
C1 Murdoch Ctr, Psychol Serv, Butner, NC 27509 USA.
RP Irvin, DS (reprint author), Murdoch Ctr, Psychol Serv, POB 3000,1600 E C St, Butner, NC 27509 USA.
EM hserve@aol.com
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SHATTOCK P, 2000, EXPERT OPINION THERA, V6, P175
SHAW W, 2002, BIOL TREATMENTS AUTI, P79
NR 5
TC 5
Z9 5
PU JOHN WILEY & SONS LTD
PI CHICHESTER
PA THE ATRIUM, SOUTHERN GATE, CHICHESTER PO19 8SQ, W SUSSEX, ENGLAND
SN 1072-0847
J9 BEHAV INTERVENT
JI Behav. Intervent.
PD NOV
PY 2006
VL 21
IS 4
BP 281
EP 286
DI 10.1002/bin.205
PG 6
WC Psychology, Clinical
SC Psychology
GA 114OU
UT WOS:000242676300005
ER
PT J
AU Bidaud, I
Mezghrani, A
Swayne, LA
Monteil, A
Lory, P
AF Bidaud, Isabelle
Mezghrani, Alexandre
Swayne, Leigh Anne
Monteil, Arnaud
Lory, Philippe
TI Voltage-gated calcium channels in genetic diseases
SO BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-MOLECULAR CELL RESEARCH
LA English
DT Article; Proceedings Paper
CT 9th European Symposium on Calcium-Binding Proteins in Normal and
Transformed Cells
CY JUL 19-22, 2006
CL Strasbourg, FRANCE
HO Ecole Superieure Biotechnol
DE calcium channelopathies; hypokalemic periodic paralysis; long QT
syndrome; ataxia; migraine; epilepsy; autism
ID HYPOKALEMIC PERIODIC PARALYSIS; EPISODIC ATAXIA TYPE-2; IDIOPATHIC
GENERALIZED EPILEPSY; FAMILIAL HEMIPLEGIC MIGRAINE; STATIONARY NIGHT
BLINDNESS; CHILDHOOD ABSENCE EPILEPSY; SKELETAL-MUSCLE; PROGRESSIVE
ATAXIA; CA2+ CHANNELS; MOUSE MODELS
AB Voltage-gated calcium channels (VGCCs) mediate calcium entry into excitable cells in response to membrane depolarization. During the past decade, our understanding of the gating and functions of VGCCs has been illuminated by the analysis of mutations linked to a heterogeneous group of genetic diseases called "calcium channelopathies". Calcium channelopathies include muscular, neurological, cardiac and vision syndromes. Recent data suggest that calcium channelopathies result not only from electrophysiological defects but also from altered alpha(1)/Ca-v subunit protein processing, including folding, posttranslational modifications, quality control and trafficking abnormalities. Overall, functional analyses of VGCC mutations provide a more comprehensive view of the corresponding human disorders and offer important new insights into VGCC function. Ultimately, the understanding of these pathogenic channel mutations should lead to improved treatments of such hereditary diseases in humans. (c) 2006 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
C1 Univ Montpellier 1, INSERM, CNRS, UMR 5203,U661,IGF,Dept Physiol, F-34094 Montpellier 05, France.
Univ Montpellier 2, INSERM, CNRS, UMR 5203,U661,IGF,Dept Physiol, F-34094 Montpellier, France.
RP Lory, P (reprint author), Univ Montpellier 1, INSERM, CNRS, UMR 5203,U661,IGF,Dept Physiol, 141 Rue Cardonille, F-34094 Montpellier 05, France.
EM philippe.lory@igf.cnrs.fr
RI Monteil, Arnaud/G-3113-2012
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NR 49
TC 25
Z9 25
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0167-4889
J9 BBA-MOL CELL RES
JI Biochim. Biophys. Acta-Mol. Cell Res.
PD NOV
PY 2006
VL 1763
IS 11
SI SI
BP 1169
EP 1174
DI 10.1016/j.bbamcr.2006.08.049
PG 6
WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Cell Biology
SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Cell Biology
GA 117SB
UT WOS:000242892200005
PM 17034879
ER
PT J
AU Voelbel, GT
Bates, ME
Buckman, JF
Pandina, G
Hendren, RL
AF Voelbel, Gerald T.
Bates, Marsha E.
Buckman, Jennifer F.
Pandina, Gahan
Hendren, Robert L.
TI Caudate nucleus volume and cognitive performance: Are they related in
childhood psychopathology?
SO BIOLOGICAL PSYCHIATRY
LA English
DT Article
DE attention; autism spectrum disorders; bipolar disorder; cauclate volume;
executive function; neuroimaging
ID ASPERGERS-SYNDROME; BIPOLAR DISORDER; BASAL GANGLIA; EXECUTIVE
DYSFUNCTION; GROWTH-PATTERNS; YOUNG-CHILDREN; ANATOMICAL MRI; HUMAN
BRAIN; AUTISM; ATTENTION
AB Background: Impaired neuropsychological test performance, especially on tests of executive function and attention, is often seen in children diagnosed with autism spectrum disorders (ASD). Structures involved in fronto-striatal circuitry, such as the caudate nucleus, may support these cognitive abilities. However, few studies have examined caudate volumes specifically in children with ASD, or correlated caudate volumes to cognitive ability.
Methods: Neuropsychological test scores and caudate volumes of children with ASD were compared to those of children with bipolar disorder (BD) and of typically developing (TD) children. The relationship between test performance and caudate volumes was analyzed.
Results. The ASD group displayed larger Tight and left caudate volumes, and modest executive deficits, compared to ID controls. While caudate volume inversely predicted performance on the Wisconsin Card Sorting Test in all participants, it differentially predicted performance on measures of attention across the ASD, BD and TD groups.
Conclusions. Larger caudate volumes were related to impaired problem solving. On a test of attention, larger left caudate volumes predicted increased impulsivity and more omission errors in the ASD group as compared to the TD group, however smaller volume predicted poorer discriminant responding as compared to the BD group.
C1 Rutgers State Univ, Ctr Alcohol Studies, Piscataway, NJ 08854 USA.
Univ Med & Dent New Jersey, Dept Psychiat, Newark, NJ 07103 USA.
Janssen Pharmaceut Inc, Trenton, NJ USA.
Univ Calif Davis, Dept Psychiat, Davis, CA 95616 USA.
Med Invest Neurodev Disorders Inst, Davis, CA USA.
RP Bates, ME (reprint author), Rutgers State Univ, Ctr Alcohol Studies, 607 Allison Rd, Piscataway, NJ 08854 USA.
EM mebates@rci.rutgers.edu
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NR 63
TC 38
Z9 41
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC
PI NEW YORK
PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA
SN 0006-3223
J9 BIOL PSYCHIAT
JI Biol. Psychiatry
PD NOV 1
PY 2006
VL 60
IS 9
BP 942
EP 950
DI 10.1016/j.biopsych.2006.03.071
PG 9
WC Neurosciences; Psychiatry
SC Neurosciences & Neurology; Psychiatry
GA 100TL
UT WOS:000241691600007
PM 16950212
ER
PT J
AU Castelli, F
AF Castelli, Fulvia
TI The Valley task: Understanding intention from goal-directed motion in
typical development and autism
SO BRITISH JOURNAL OF DEVELOPMENTAL PSYCHOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
ID ATTRIBUTION; CHILDREN; MIND
AB A novel paradigm investigates the ability to understand an agent's intended goal in children with autism (N = 25), typically developing children (N = 46), and adults (N = 16 + 12) by watching a non-human agent's kinematic properties alone. Computer animations depict a circle at the bottom of a U-shaped valley rolling up and down its slopes and getting closer to a target resting at the top of either side of the valley. The circle's persistent motion and improving attempts evoke the attribution of the intention to reach the target, regardless of whether the circle fails or attains its goal. Children with autism are as able as controls to infer an agent's intended-goal, disregarding its failure to reach the target. In addition, the study showed that the perception of persistent motion is a sufficient but not a necessary cue for very young children and children with autisn to attribute intention to an agent, whereas adults consider the persistent motion cue as a sufficient and necessary cue to attribute intention to an agent.
C1 CALTECH, Div Humanities & Social Sci, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA.
RP Castelli, F (reprint author), CALTECH, Div Humanities & Social Sci, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA.
EM fulvia@hss.caltech.edu
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NR 21
TC 6
Z9 6
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI MALDEN
PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA
SN 0261-510X
J9 BRIT J DEV PSYCHOL
JI Br. J. Dev. Psychol.
PD NOV
PY 2006
VL 24
BP 655
EP 668
DI 10.1348/026151005X54209
PN 4
PG 14
WC Psychology, Developmental
SC Psychology
GA 106HB
UT WOS:000242090500001
ER
PT J
AU Whitehouse, AJO
Maybery, MT
Durkin, K
AF Whitehouse, Andrew J. O.
Maybery, Murray T.
Durkin, Kevin
TI The development of the picture-superiority effect
SO BRITISH JOURNAL OF DEVELOPMENTAL PSYCHOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
ID VISUAL COMPLEXITY; NAME AGREEMENT; CHILDREN; NORMS; PERFORMANCE;
FAMILIARITY; AUTISM; SPEECH; MEMORY; WORDS
AB When pictures and words are presented serially in an explicit memory task, recall of the pictures is superior. While this effect is well established in the adult population, little is known of the development of this picture-superiority effect in typical development. This task was administered to 80 participants from middle childhood to adolescence. The magnitude of the picture superiority effect increased with age. This finding is interpreted as supporting the position that pictorial superiority is contingent upon the encoding of pictorial information through two different routes.
C1 Univ Western Australia, Nedlands, WA 6009, Australia.
Univ Strathclyde, Glasgow G1 1XQ, Lanark, Scotland.
RP Whitehouse, AJO (reprint author), Univ Oxford, Dept Expt Psychol, S Parks Rd, Oxford OX1 3UD, England.
EM andrew.whitehouse@psy.ox.ac.uk
RI Maybery, Murray/H-5390-2014
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NR 20
TC 14
Z9 14
PU BRITISH PSYCHOLOGICAL SOC
PI LEICESTER
PA ST ANDREWS HOUSE, 48 PRINCESS RD EAST, LEICESTER LE1 7DR, LEICS, ENGLAND
SN 0261-510X
J9 BRIT J DEV PSYCHOL
JI Br. J. Dev. Psychol.
PD NOV
PY 2006
VL 24
BP 767
EP 773
DI 10.1348/026151005X74153
PN 4
PG 7
WC Psychology, Developmental
SC Psychology
GA 106HB
UT WOS:000242090500010
ER
PT J
AU Brosnan, MJ
AF Brosnan, Mark J.
TI Digit ratio and faculty membership: Implications for the relationship
between prenatal testosterone and academia
SO BRITISH JOURNAL OF PSYCHOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
ID HIGH-FUNCTIONING AUTISM; NORMAL SEX-DIFFERENCES; ASPERGER-SYNDROME;
FINGER-LENGTH; CEREBRAL LATERALIZATION; FETAL TESTOSTERONE; SPATIAL
COGNITION; HAND PREFERENCE; 2ND; CHILDREN
AB Digit ratio (length of index finger divided by length of ring finger) is an index of exposure to prenatal testosterone. Prenatal testosterone slows the growth rate of the left side of the brain while enhancing growth of the right side. Right hemisphere processing is associated with better visual-spatial and mathematical abilities, as is digit ratio. Thus, traditional sex differences in visual-spatial and mathematical abilities can be attributed to differences in exposure to prenatal testosterone, indexed by a sex dimorphic pattern in digit ratio (female = 1.00, male = 0.98 for UK samples). Additionally, the digit ratio is a marker for within-sex variance in visual-spatial ability. This study examines the digit ratio of an academic sample. No sex differences are found and there is a significant difference between the Science Faculty and Social Science Faculty. Social Scientists of both sexes have a ratio consistent with the male norm (0.98) whilst Scientists have a digit ratio consistent with the female norm (1.00). These results are discussed in terms of the lower normal range of male testosterone being associated with highest visual spatial abilities. Relationships with fertility and Dyslexia are also identified.
C1 Univ Bath, Dept Psychol, Bath BA2 7AY, Avon, England.
RP Brosnan, MJ (reprint author), Univ Bath, Dept Psychol, Bath BA2 7AY, Avon, England.
EM M.J.Brosnan@Bath.ac.uk
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NR 52
TC 27
Z9 27
PU BRITISH PSYCHOLOGICAL SOC
PI LEICESTER
PA ST ANDREWS HOUSE, 48 PRINCESS RD EAST, LEICESTER LE1 7DR, LEICS, ENGLAND
SN 0007-1269
J9 BRIT J PSYCHOL
JI Br. J. Psychol.
PD NOV
PY 2006
VL 97
BP 455
EP 466
DI 10.1348/000712605X85808
PN 4
PG 12
WC Psychology, Multidisciplinary
SC Psychology
GA 103ZJ
UT WOS:000241925400002
PM 17018183
ER
PT J
AU Fletcher-Watson, S
Leekam, SR
Turner, MA
Moxon, L
AF Fletcher-Watson, S.
Leekam, S. R.
Turner, M. A.
Moxon, L.
TI Do people with autistic spectrum disorder show normal selection for
attention? Evidence from change blindness
SO BRITISH JOURNAL OF PSYCHOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
ID HIGH-FUNCTIONING AUTISM; WEAK CENTRAL COHERENCE; DETECT CHANGES;
CHILDREN; INDIVIDUALS; SCENES; DISENGAGEMENT; ADOLESCENTS; INFORMATION;
PRECEDENCE
AB People in the general population are typically very poor at detecting changes in pictures of complex scenes. The degree of this 'change blindness', however, varies with the content of the scene: when an object is semantically important or contextually inappropriate, people may be more effective at detecting changes. Two experiments investigated change blindness in people with autism, who are known from previous research to be efficient in detecting features yet poor at processing stimuli for meaning and context. The first experiment measured the effect of semantic information while the second investigated the role of context in directing attention., In each task, participants detected the dissimilarity between pairs of images. Both groups showed a main effect of image type in both experimental tasks, showing that their attention was directed to semantically meaningful and contextually inappropriate items. However, the autistic group also showed a greater difficulty detecting changes to semantically marginal items in the first experiment. Conclusions point to a normal selection of items for attention in people with autism spectrum disorders, although this may be combined with difficulty switching or disengaging attention.
C1 Univ Durham, Dept Psychol, Sci Labs, Durham DH1 3LE, England.
European Soc People Autism, Sunderland, England.
RP Fletcher-Watson, S (reprint author), Univ Durham, Dept Psychol, Sci Labs, South Road, Durham DH1 3LE, England.
EM sue.fletcher-watson@dur.ac.uk
RI Leekam, Susan/A-1773-2010
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NR 49
TC 26
Z9 26
PU BRITISH PSYCHOLOGICAL SOC
PI LEICESTER
PA ST ANDREWS HOUSE, 48 PRINCESS RD EAST, LEICESTER LE1 7DR, LEICS, ENGLAND
SN 0007-1269
J9 BRIT J PSYCHOL
JI Br. J. Psychol.
PD NOV
PY 2006
VL 97
BP 537
EP 554
DI 10.1348/000712606X114057
PN 4
PG 18
WC Psychology, Multidisciplinary
SC Psychology
GA 103ZJ
UT WOS:000241925400007
PM 17018188
ER
PT J
AU Shevell, M
Fombonne, E
AF Shevell, Michael
Fombonne, Eric
TI Autism and MMR vaccination or thimerosal exposure: An urban legend?
SO CANADIAN JOURNAL OF NEUROLOGICAL SCIENCES
LA English
DT Editorial Material
ID PERVASIVE DEVELOPMENTAL DISORDERS; CONTAINING VACCINES; RUBELLA
VACCINATION; SPECTRUM DISORDERS; CAUSAL ASSOCIATION; MEASLES-VIRUS;
POPULATION; CHILDREN; MUMPS; LINKS
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NR 37
TC 4
Z9 4
PU CANADIAN J NEUROL SCI INC
PI CALGARY
PA PO BOX 4220, STATION C EDITORIAL & SUBSCRIPTION SERV, CALGARY, AB T2T
5N1, CANADA
SN 0317-1671
J9 CAN J NEUROL SCI
JI Can. J. Neurol. Sci.
PD NOV
PY 2006
VL 33
IS 4
BP 339
EP 340
PG 2
WC Clinical Neurology
SC Neurosciences & Neurology
GA 106NX
UT WOS:000242108700001
PM 17168157
ER
PT J
AU Doja, A
Roberts, W
AF Doja, Asif
Roberts, Wendy
TI Immunizations and autism: A review of the literature
SO CANADIAN JOURNAL OF NEUROLOGICAL SCIENCES
LA English
DT Review
ID THIMEROSAL-CONTAINING VACCINES; INFLAMMATORY-BOWEL-DISEASE;
DEVELOPMENTAL DISORDERS; RUBELLA VACCINATION; SPECTRUM DISORDER;
EPIDEMIOLOGIC EVIDENCE; CAUSAL ASSOCIATION; MEASLES; CHILDREN; MUMPS
AB Because of a temporal correlation between the first notable signs and symptoms of autism and the routine childhood vaccination schedule, many parents have become increasingly concerned regarding the possible etiologic role vaccines may play in the development of autism. In particular, some have suggested all association between the Measles-Mumps-Rubella vaccine and autism. Our literature review found very few Studies supporting this theory, with the overwhelming majority showing no causal association between the Measles-Mumps-Rubella vaccine and autism. The vaccine preservative thimerosal has alternatively been hypothesized to have a possible causal role in autism. Again, no convincing evidence was found to support this claim, nor for the use of chelation therapy in autism. With decreasing uptake of immunizations in children and the inevitable occurrence of measles outbreaks, it is important that clinicians be aware of the literature concerning vaccinations and autism so that they may have informed discussions with parents and caregivers.
C1 Childrens Hosp Eastern Ontario, Div Neurol, Ottawa, ON K1H 8L1, Canada.
Hosp Sick Children, Div Dev Paediat, Toronto, ON M5G 1X8, Canada.
RP Doja, A (reprint author), Childrens Hosp Eastern Ontario, Div Neurol, 401 Smyth Rd, Ottawa, ON K1H 8L1, Canada.
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2005, TIMES 0826
NR 57
TC 37
Z9 37
PU CANADIAN J NEUROL SCI INC
PI CALGARY
PA PO BOX 4220, STATION C EDITORIAL & SUBSCRIPTION SERV, CALGARY, AB T2T
5N1, CANADA
SN 0317-1671
J9 CAN J NEUROL SCI
JI Can. J. Neurol. Sci.
PD NOV
PY 2006
VL 33
IS 4
BP 341
EP 346
PG 6
WC Clinical Neurology
SC Neurosciences & Neurology
GA 106NX
UT WOS:000242108700002
PM 17168158
ER
PT J
AU Gastgeb, HZ
Strauss, MS
Minshew, NJ
AF Gastgeb, Holly Zajac
Strauss, Mark S.
Minshew, Nancy J.
TI Do individuals with autism process categories differently? The effect of
typicality and development
SO CHILD DEVELOPMENT
LA English
DT Article; Proceedings Paper
CT Biennial Meeting of the Society-for-Research-in-Child-Development
CY APR 07-10, 2005
CL Atlanta, GA
SP Soc Res Child Dev
ID INFANT FORM CATEGORIES; FUSIFORM FACE AREA; LEVEL CATEGORIZATION;
CHILDREN; RECOGNITION; ADULTS; INFORMATION; PERCEPTION; DEFICITS; SKILLS
AB This study examined the effect of exemplar typicality on reaction time and accuracy of categorization. High-functioning children (age 9-12), adolescents (age 13-16), and adults with autism (age 17-48) and matched controls were tested in a category verification procedure. All groups showed improved processing throughout the lifespan for typical and somewhat typical category exemplars. However, individuals with autism responded more slowly than matched controls to atypical exemplars at all ages. The results are discussed in terms of potential differences in the type of processing that may be required for categorizing typical and atypical category exemplars. Parallels are also drawn to the results of previous studies on face processing in individuals with autism.
C1 Univ Pittsburgh, Dept Psychol, Sch Med, Pittsburgh, PA 15260 USA.
RP Strauss, MS (reprint author), Univ Pittsburgh, Dept Psychol, Sch Med, 210 S Bouquet St, Pittsburgh, PA 15260 USA.
EM strauss@pitt.edu
CR American Psychiatric Association, 2000, DIAGN STAT MAN MENT
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NR 45
TC 30
Z9 30
PU BLACKWELL PUBLISHING
PI OXFORD
PA 9600 GARSINGTON RD, OXFORD OX4 2DQ, OXON, ENGLAND
SN 0009-3920
J9 CHILD DEV
JI Child Dev.
PD NOV-DEC
PY 2006
VL 77
IS 6
BP 1717
EP 1729
DI 10.1111/j.1467-8624.2006.00969.x
PG 13
WC Psychology, Educational; Psychology, Developmental
SC Psychology
GA 104JM
UT WOS:000241954700015
PM 17107456
ER
PT J
AU Farrant, BM
Fletcher, J
Maybery, MT
AF Farrant, Brad M.
Fletcher, Janet
Maybery, Murray T.
TI Specific language impairment, theory of mind, and visual perspective
taking: Evidence for simulation theory and the developmental role of
language
SO CHILD DEVELOPMENT
LA English
DT Article
ID FALSE BELIEF; CHILDRENS KNOWLEDGE; AUTISM; CONSCIOUSNESS; CHIMPANZEES;
COGNITION
AB Recent research has found that the acquisition of theory of mind (ToM) is delayed in children with specific language impairment (SLI). The present study used a battery of ToM and visual perspective taking (VPT) tasks to investigate whether the delayed acquisition of ToM in children with SLI is associated with delayed VPT development. Harris' (1992, 1996) simulation theory predicts that the development of VPT will be delayed. Participants were 20 children with SLI (M=62.9 months) and 20 typically developing children (M=61.2 months) who were matched for nonverbal ability, gender, and age. The results supported Harris' theory and a role for language in ToM and VPT development.
C1 Univ Western Australia, Sch Psychol, Crawley, WA 6009, Australia.
RP Farrant, BM (reprint author), Univ Western Australia, Sch Psychol, M304,35 Stirling Hwy, Crawley, WA 6009, Australia.
EM farrab01@student.uwa.edu.au
RI Farrant, Brad/E-9447-2012; Maybery, Murray/H-5390-2014
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NR 46
TC 36
Z9 36
PU BLACKWELL PUBLISHING
PI OXFORD
PA 9600 GARSINGTON RD, OXFORD OX4 2DQ, OXON, ENGLAND
SN 0009-3920
J9 CHILD DEV
JI Child Dev.
PD NOV-DEC
PY 2006
VL 77
IS 6
BP 1842
EP 1853
DI 10.1111/j.1467-8624.2006.00977.x
PG 12
WC Psychology, Educational; Psychology, Developmental
SC Psychology
GA 104JM
UT WOS:000241954700023
PM 17107464
ER
PT J
AU Guillem, P
Cans, C
Guinchat, V
Ratel, M
Jouk, PS
AF Guillem, Pascale
Cans, Christine
Guinchat, Vincent
Ratel, Marc
Jouk, Pierre-Simon
TI Trends, perinatal characteristics, and medical conditions in pervasive
developmental disorders
SO DEVELOPMENTAL MEDICINE AND CHILD NEUROLOGY
LA English
DT Article
ID INFANTILE-AUTISM; RISK-FACTORS; FRENCH CLASSIFICATION; EPIDEMIOLOGIC
SURVEY; POPULATION; PREVALENCE; REGISTER; CHILDREN
AB Our aim was to study trends in the prevalence of pervasive developmental disorders (PDD) and to quantify their association with morphogenetic anomalies and with perinatal characteristics such as gestational age, birthweight, and hospitalization in a neonatal care unit. Data from a French morbidity register of childhood disabilities with the use of consistent definitions over time within the same geographical area were analyzed. The data of a total of 454 children (312 males, 142 females) with PDD, born between 1980 and 1993 and residing in Isere county, were recorded at the age of 7 years. The overall prevalence of PDD was 22.2 out of every 10 000. There was a significant increase, from 14.7 to 30.8 out of every 10 000, during the period of study. Among these children with PDD, morphogenetic anomalies were observed in 12.1% (95% confidence interval [CI] 9.3-15.5), and the hospitalization rate during the neonatal period was 22% (95% CI 17.0-27.5), which is significantly higher than the observed rates in the general population. The increase in the prevalence of PDD, the association with perinatal risk factors, and the high rate of neonatal hospitalization require further studies to investigate the reasons for and mechanisms of these developmental disorders.
C1 RHEOP Isere, Ctr Dept Sante, F-38000 Grenoble, France.
Grenoble Univ Hosp, Dept Med Informat & Data Proc, Grenoble, France.
Grenoble Univ Hosp, Dept Psychiat, Grenoble, France.
Grenoble Univ Hosp, Unit Childhood Psychiat, Dept Psychiat, Grenoble, France.
Grenoble Univ Hosp, Dept Genet, Grenoble, France.
RP Guillem, P (reprint author), RHEOP Isere, Ctr Dept Sante, 23 Ave Albert 1er Belgique, F-38000 Grenoble, France.
EM pascale.guillem@imag.fr
RI Cans, Christine/M-6153-2014; Jouk, Pierre-Simon/M-7367-2014
OI Cans, Christine/0000-0003-3071-9959;
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NR 27
TC 16
Z9 16
PU CAMBRIDGE UNIV PRESS
PI NEW YORK
PA 32 AVENUE OF THE AMERICAS, NEW YORK, NY 10013-2473 USA
SN 0012-1622
J9 DEV MED CHILD NEUROL
JI Dev. Med. Child Neurol.
PD NOV
PY 2006
VL 48
IS 11
BP 896
EP 900
DI 10.1017/S0012162206001964
PG 5
WC Clinical Neurology; Pediatrics
SC Neurosciences & Neurology; Pediatrics
GA 102RN
UT WOS:000241831100009
PM 17044957
ER
PT J
AU Tordjman, S
AF Tordjman, S.
TI From a categorical diagnostic approach to a dimensional approach for
mental disorders : interest of sex differences
SO ENCEPHALE-REVUE DE PSYCHIATRIE CLINIQUE BIOLOGIQUE ET THERAPEUTIQUE
LA French
DT Article
DE anorexia; autistic disorder; communication; emotional expression; sex
differences; social interaction
ID PLAY-BEHAVIOR; AUTISM; SOCIALIZATION; EXPRESSION; TODDLERS; GIRLS; BOYS
AB A strong prevalence of females or males is often found in mental disorders. Based on examples of anorexia (90% females) and autistic disorder (80 to 90% males), arguments that allow a better understanding of these different sex ratios are presented. The role of certain sociocultural factors in the onset of anorexia is developed. The predominance of males in autistic disorder has led to genetic and hormone-based biological hypotheses. However, it is also possible that the cultural representation of sex roles and its effects (expectation, different attitudes and behaviors depending on the child's gender) influence the development of social interaction and communication domains which are impaired in autistic disorder. Indeed, according to most studies, parents solicit and stimulate more social interaction and communication (eye contact specially during the first months of life, vocalizations then verbal language, emotional expression) in girls than in boys during the first three years of life, which corresponds to the period when autistic disorder appears. It is possible that because girls are more solicited than boys in social interaction and communication domains, during a sensitive (or critical) period of development, we may observe that girls show less autistic impairment in reciprocal social interaction and verbal or non-verbal communication, which are two of the three main domains of autistic disorder. It is also possible that impairments in social interaction and communication maybe identified earlier for girls than for boys, which could lead to earlier therapeutic care for girls. Indeed, if parents have greater expectations for girls in social interaction and/or communication domains, they may worry more for their girl than for their boy with regard to developmental delay in these domains, and then may ask for professional advice earlier. This is what we have observed in our clinical practice and research, in which we conducted a follow-up in young girls showing autistic disorder aged two and half years old and who evolved positively; in contrast we have observed that parents bring their son for professional advice later, after kindergarten begins. Finally, a more complex, non-linear model is proposed in which biological genetic factors (such as sex-linked chromosomes) and/or hormonal factors (such as sex hormones) may play a role in differentiation of girls' and boys' behavior from birth. These different behaviors would induce differentiated expectations and attitudes in parents depending on the child's gender, which in turn would reinforce sex-related characteristic behaviors in the child. Thus, there may be a continuum in different behavioral domains (for example, boys would interact and communicate less than girls, and girls would express more their emotions), with mental disorders occurring at the extremes of this continuum (for example, autistic disorder for certain boys and anxiety disorder for certain girls). This hypothesis fits within an integrated psycho-biological approach that takes into account sex differences in mental disorders; it stems from a model in which a dimensional conception of mental disorders replaces a categorical nosographical one. New perspectives could be envisioned concerning the identification, follow-up and treatment of mental disorders (or sub-types of mental disorders), which are currently considered to belong to different nosographical categories, but which could overlap through shared common dimensions.
C1 Hosp Univ Psychiat Enfant Adolescent Rennes, Ctr Hosp Guillaume Regnier, F-35000 Rennes, France.
Univ Rennes 1, F-35014 Rennes, France.
CNRS, UMR 7593, F-75700 Paris, France.
RP Tordjman, S (reprint author), Hosp Univ Psychiat Enfant Adolescent Rennes, Ctr Hosp Guillaume Regnier, 154 Rue Chatillon, F-35000 Rennes, France.
EM s.tordjman@ch-guillaumeregnier.fr
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NR 35
TC 2
Z9 2
PU MASSON EDITEUR
PI MOULINEAUX CEDEX 9
PA 21 STREET CAMILLE DESMOULINS, ISSY, 92789 MOULINEAUX CEDEX 9, FRANCE
SN 0013-7006
J9 ENCEPHALE
JI Enceph.-Rev. Psychiatr. Clin. Biol. Ther.
PD NOV-DEC
PY 2006
VL 32
IS 6
BP 988
EP 994
PN 1
PG 7
WC Neurosciences; Psychiatry
SC Neurosciences & Neurology; Psychiatry
GA 146WH
UT WOS:000244964900009
PM 17372544
ER
PT J
AU Auyeung, B
Baron-Cohen, S
Chapman, E
Knickmeyer, R
Taylor, K
Hackett, G
AF Auyeung, Bonnie
Baron-Cohen, Simon
Chapman, Emma
Knickmeyer, Rebecca
Taylor, Kevin
Hackett, Gerald
TI Foetal testosterone and the child systemizing quotient
SO EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF ENDOCRINOLOGY
LA English
DT Article; Proceedings Paper
CT 4th Ferring Pharmaceuticals International Paediatric Endocrinology
Symposium
CY 2006
CL Paris, FRANCE
SP Ferring Pharmaceut
ID CONGENITAL ADRENAL-HYPERPLASIA; CENTRAL NERVOUS-SYSTEM; SEX-DIFFERENCES;
SPATIAL ABILITIES; MENTAL ROTATION; DIETHYLSTILBESTROL DES;
ASPERGER-SYNDROME; AUTISM; ANDROGENS; PLAY
AB This study examines foetal testosterone (fT) levels (measured in amniotic fluid) as a candidate biological factor, influencing sex differences in systemizing. Systemizing is a cognitive process, defined as the drive to analyze or construct systems. A recent model of psychological sex differences suggests that this is a major dimension in which the sexes differ, with males being more drawn to systemize than females. Participants included 204 children (93 female), age 6-9 years, taking part in a long-term study on the effects of M The systemizing quotient - children's version was administered to these mothers to answer on behalf of their child. Males (mean = 27.79 +/- 7.64) scored significantly higher than females (mean = 22.59 +/- 7.53), confirming that boys systemize to a greater extent than girls. Stepwise regression analysis revealed that fT was the only significant predictor of systemizing preference when the sexes were examined together. Sex was not included in the final regression model, suggesting that Er levels play a greater role than the child's sex in terms of differences in systemizing preference. This study suggests that the levels of fT are a biological factor influencing cognitive sex differences and lends support to the empathizing-systemizing theory of sex differences.
C1 Univ Cambridge, Autism Res Ctr, Dept Psychiat, Cambridge CB2 2AH, England.
Univ N Carolina, Dept Psychiat, Chapel Hill, NC 27599 USA.
Addenbrookes Hosp, Dept Clin Biochem, Cambridge CB2 2QQ, England.
Rosie Matern Hosp, Dept Foetal Med, Cambridge CB2 2SW, England.
RP Auyeung, B (reprint author), Univ Cambridge, Autism Res Ctr, Dept Psychiat, Douglas House,18B Trumpington Rd, Cambridge CB2 2AH, England.
EM ba251@cam.ac.uk
RI Knickmeyer, Rebecca/G-8128-2014
OI Knickmeyer, Rebecca/0000-0001-7708-1388
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NR 49
TC 34
Z9 34
PU BIO SCIENTIFICA LTD
PI BRISTOL
PA EURO HOUSE, 22 APEX COURT WOODLANDS, BRADLEY STOKE, BRISTOL BS32 4JT,
ENGLAND
SN 0804-4643
J9 EUR J ENDOCRINOL
JI Eur. J. Endocrinol.
PD NOV
PY 2006
VL 155
SU 1
BP S123
EP S130
DI 10.1530/eje.1.02260
PG 8
WC Endocrinology & Metabolism
SC Endocrinology & Metabolism
GA 113NR
UT WOS:000242605100019
ER
PT J
AU Skuse, DH
AF Skuse, David H.
TI Sexual dimorphism in cognition and behaviour: the role of X-linked genes
SO EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF ENDOCRINOLOGY
LA English
DT Article; Proceedings Paper
CT 4th Ferring Pharmaceuticals International Paediatric Endocrinology
Symposium
CY 2006
CL Paris, FRANCE
SP Ferring Pharmaceut
ID TURNER-SYNDROME; MOUSE-BRAIN; CHROMOSOME COMPLEMENT; EVOLUTION; AUTISM;
EXPRESSION; MICE; FEMALES; INACTIVATION; MUTATIONS
AB Chimpanzees and humans last shared a common ancestor between 5 and 7 million years ago; 99% of the two species' DNA is identical. Yet, since the paths of primate evolution diverged, there have been remarkable developments in the behavioural and cognitive attainments of our species, which ultimately reflect subtle differences in gene structure and function. These modifications have occurred despite evolutionary constraints upon the diversity of genetic influences, on the development and function of neural tissue. Significant species differences can be observed both at the levels of function (gene expression) and structure (amino acid sequence). Protein evolution is driving an accelerating increase in brain complexity and size. Playing centre stage, in terms of the proportion of genes involved in brain development and cognitive function, is the X chromosome. Recently, it has become clear that a long-standing theory, implicating X-linked genes in a sexually antagonistic evolutionary role, is probably correct. Genes on the sex chromosomes can directly influence sexual dimorphism in cognition and behaviour, independent of the action of sex steroids. Mechanisms by which sex-chromosomal effects, due to X-linked genes, influence neural development or function are reviewed. These include the biased expression of genes subject to X-inactivation. haploin-sufficiency (in males) for non-inactivated genes with no Y homology, sex-specific brain functions and genomic imprinting of X-linked loci. Evidence supporting each of these mechanisms is available from both human and animal models. Recently, the first candidate genes have been discovered.
C1 Inst Child Hlth, Behav & Brain Sci Unit, London WC1N 1EH, England.
RP Skuse, DH (reprint author), Inst Child Hlth, Behav & Brain Sci Unit, 30 Guilford St, London WC1N 1EH, England.
EM dskuse@ich.ucl.ac.uk
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NR 68
TC 15
Z9 15
PU BIO SCIENTIFICA LTD
PI BRISTOL
PA EURO HOUSE, 22 APEX COURT WOODLANDS, BRADLEY STOKE, BRISTOL BS32 4JT,
ENGLAND
SN 0804-4643
J9 EUR J ENDOCRINOL
JI Eur. J. Endocrinol.
PD NOV
PY 2006
VL 155
SU 1
BP S99
EP S106
DI 10.1530/eje.1.02263
PG 8
WC Endocrinology & Metabolism
SC Endocrinology & Metabolism
GA 113NR
UT WOS:000242605100016
ER
PT J
AU Kylliainen, A
Braeutigam, S
Hietanen, JK
Swithenby, SJ
Bailey, AJ
AF Kylliainen, Anneli
Braeutigam, Sven
Hietanen, Jari K.
Swithenby, Stephen J.
Bailey, Anthony J.
TI Face- and gaze-sensitive neural responses in children with autism: a
magnetoencephalographic study
SO EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF NEUROSCIENCE
LA English
DT Article
DE face processing; gaze direction; high-functioning autism;
magnetoencephalography
ID PERVASIVE DEVELOPMENTAL DISORDERS; HUMAN EXTRASTRIATE CORTEX;
EVENT-RELATED POTENTIALS; SPECTRUM DISORDER; FACIAL EXPRESSIONS;
ASPERGER-SYNDROME; YOUNG-CHILDREN; SELECTIVE ATTENTION; REVISED VERSION;
FUSIFORM GYRUS
AB Face and gaze processing were studied using magnetoencephalography in 10 children with autism and 10 normally developing children, aged between 7 and 12 years. The children performed two tasks in which they had to discriminate whether images of faces presented sequentially in pairs were identical. The images showed four different categories of gaze: direct gaze, eyes averted (left or right) and closed eyes but there was no instruction to focus on the direction of gaze. Images of motorbikes were used as control stimuli. Faces evoked strong activity over posterior brain regions at about 100 ms in both groups of children. A response at 140 ms to faces observed over extrastriate cortices, thought to be homologous to the N170 in adults, was weak and bilateral in both groups and somewhat weaker (approaching significance) in the children with autism than in the control children. The response to motorbikes differed between the groups at 100 and 140 ms. Averted eyes evoked a strong right lateralized component at 240 ms in the normally developing children that was weak in the clinical group. By contrast, direct gaze evoked a left lateralized component at 240 ms only in children with autism. The findings suggest that face and gaze processing in children with autism follows a trajectory somewhat similar to that seen in normal development but with subtle differences. There is also a possibility that other categories of object may be processed in an unusual way. The inter-relationships between these findings remain to be elucidated.
C1 Tampere Univ, Dept Psychol, Human Informat Proc Lab, FIN-33014 Tampere, Finland.
Univ Oxford, Dept Psychiat, Univ Sect Child & Adolescent Psychiat, Oxford OX1 2JD, England.
Open Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Milton Keynes MK7 6AA, Bucks, England.
Helsinki Univ Technol, Low Temp Lab, Brain Res Unit, FIN-02150 Espoo, Finland.
RP Kylliainen, A (reprint author), Tampere Univ, Dept Psychol, Human Informat Proc Lab, FIN-33014 Tampere, Finland.
EM anneli.kylliainen@uta.fi
RI Bailey, Anthony/J-2860-2014
OI Bailey, Anthony/0000-0003-4257-972X
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NR 83
TC 25
Z9 25
PU BLACKWELL PUBLISHING
PI OXFORD
PA 9600 GARSINGTON RD, OXFORD OX4 2DQ, OXON, ENGLAND
SN 0953-816X
J9 EUR J NEUROSCI
JI Eur. J. Neurosci.
PD NOV
PY 2006
VL 24
IS 9
BP 2679
EP 2690
DI 10.1111/j.1460-9568.2006.05132.x
PG 12
WC Neurosciences
SC Neurosciences & Neurology
GA 104JA
UT WOS:000241953500026
PM 17100856
ER
PT J
AU Martin, MD
Woods, JS
AF Martin, Michael D.
Woods, James S.
TI The safety of dental amalgam in children
SO EXPERT OPINION ON DRUG SAFETY
LA English
DT Review
DE amalgam; children; mercury
ID RANDOMIZED CLINICAL-TRIAL; THIMEROSAL-CONTAINING VACCINES; AUTISTIC
SPECTRUM DISORDER; RESISTANT ORAL BACTERIA; LOW-LEVEL EXPOSURE; MERCURY
EXPOSURE; INORGANIC MERCURY; ANTIBIOTIC-RESISTANCE; COPROPORPHYRINOGEN
OXIDASE; RETROSPECTIVE COHORT
AB The safety of mercury-containing dental amalgam has been hotly debated for well over a century. Dental exposures from mercury have been suggested as the cause of numerous diseases including multiple sclerosis, autism and many others. Known health effects of mercury exposure include CNS and renal damage. However, these effects have only been shown at occupational or higher levels of exposure, and have not been conclusively shown to be present at levels of mercury exposure consistent with that from dental amalgam fillings. The use of mercury amalgam fillings remains a state-of-the-art treatment for dental caries throughout the world. Although there have been a small number of peer-reviewed reports examining the health effects of dental mercury in children, only very recently have the only randomised, controlled clinical trials (two) of the safety of mercury amalgam been published. The purpose of this review is to discuss the scientific evidence on the safety of the use of mercury-containing dental amalgam as a treatment for dental caries.
C1 Univ Washington, Sch Dent, Dept Oral Med, Seattle, WA 98195 USA.
RP Martin, MD (reprint author), Univ Washington, Sch Dent, Dept Oral Med, Box 356370, Seattle, WA 98195 USA.
EM mickeym@u.washington.edu; jwoods@u.washington.edu
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NR 72
TC 7
Z9 7
PU INFORMA HEALTHCARE
PI LONDON
PA TELEPHONE HOUSE, 69-77 PAUL STREET, LONDON EC2A 4LQ, ENGLAND
SN 1474-0338
J9 EXPERT OPIN DRUG SAF
JI Expert Opin. Drug Saf.
PD NOV
PY 2006
VL 5
IS 6
BP 773
EP 781
DI 10.1517/14740338.5.6.773
PG 9
WC Pharmacology & Pharmacy
SC Pharmacology & Pharmacy
GA 099SY
UT WOS:000241617400007
PM 17044804
ER
PT J
AU Wong, D
Maybery, M
Bishop, DVM
Maley, A
Hallmayer, J
AF Wong, D.
Maybery, M.
Bishop, D. V. M.
Maley, A.
Hallmayer, J.
TI Profiles of executive function in parents and siblings of individuals
with autism spectrum disorders
SO GENES BRAIN AND BEHAVIOR
LA English
DT Article
DE autism; broad autism phenotype; cognitive endophenotype; executive
function; generativity; inhibition; planning; set-shifting
ID PERVASIVE DEVELOPMENTAL DISORDERS; FRONTAL-LOBE DAMAGE; FAMILY HISTORY;
COGNITIVE PHENOTYPE; BROADER PHENOTYPE; FUNCTION DEFICITS; CENTRAL
COHERENCE; TOURETTE-SYNDROME; CHILDREN; TWIN
AB Delineation of a cognitive endophenotype for autism is useful both for exploring the genetic mechanisms underlying the disorder and for identifying which cognitive traits may be primary to it. This study investigated whether first-degree relatives of individuals with autism spectrum disorders (ASDs) demonstrate a specific profile of performance on a range of components of executive function (EF), to determine whether EF deficits represent possible endophenotypes for autism. Parents and siblings of ASD and control probands were tested on EF tasks measuring planning, set-shifting, inhibition and generativity. ASD parents showed poorer performance than control parents on a test of ideational fluency or generativity, and ASD fathers demonstrated a weakness in set-shifting to a previously irrelevant dimension. ASD siblings revealed a mild reduction in ideational fluency and a weakness in non-verbal generativity when compared with control siblings. Neither ASD parents nor siblings displayed significant difficulties with planning or inhibition. These results indicated that the broad autism phenotype may not be characterized primarily by impairments in planning and cognitive flexibility, as had been previously proposed. Weaknesses in generativity emerged as stronger potential endophenotypes in this study, suggesting that this aspect of EF should play a central role in cognitive theories of autism. However, discrepancies in the EF profile demonstrated by parents and siblings suggest that factors related to age or parental responsibility may affect the precise pattern of deficits observed.
C1 Univ Western Australia, Sch Psychol, Crawley, WA 6009, Australia.
Univ Oxford, Dept Expt Psychol, Oxford OX1 3UD, England.
Univ Western Australia, Ctr Clin Res Neuropsychiat, Nedlands, WA 6009, Australia.
Univ Western Australia, Sch Psychiat & Clin Neurosci, Crawley, WA 6009, Australia.
Stanford Univ, Dept Psychiat & Behav Sci, Stanford, CA 94305 USA.
RP Wong, D (reprint author), Univ Western Australia, Sch Psychol, 35 Stirling Highway, Crawley, WA 6009, Australia.
EM danaw@graduate.uwa.edu.au
RI Maybery, Murray/H-5390-2014
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NR 71
TC 21
Z9 21
PU BLACKWELL PUBLISHING
PI OXFORD
PA 9600 GARSINGTON RD, OXFORD OX4 2DQ, OXON, ENGLAND
SN 1601-1848
J9 GENES BRAIN BEHAV
JI Genes Brain Behav.
PD NOV
PY 2006
VL 5
IS 8
BP 561
EP 576
DI 10.1111/j.1601-183X.2005.00199.x
PG 16
WC Behavioral Sciences; Neurosciences
SC Behavioral Sciences; Neurosciences & Neurology
GA 100NB
UT WOS:000241674700001
PM 17081261
ER
PT J
AU Lim, MM
Young, LJ
AF Lim, Miranda M.
Young, Larry J.
TI Neuropeptidergic regulation of affiliative behavior and social bonding
in animals
SO HORMONES AND BEHAVIOR
LA English
DT Review
DE vasopressin receptor; oxytocin receptor; social recognition; social
behavior; pair bond; autism; neuropeptides
ID VOLES MICROTUS-OCHROGASTER; MONOGAMOUS PRAIRIE VOLE; OXYTOCIN RECEPTOR
GENE; NUCLEUS-ACCUMBENS DOPAMINE; VASOPRESSIN V1A RECEPTORS;
GAMMA-AMINOBUTYRIC-ACID; FLANK-MARKING BEHAVIOR; MATERNAL-BEHAVIOR;
OLFACTORY-BULB; ROMANTIC LOVE
AB Social relationships are essential for maintaining human mental health, yet little is known about the brain mechanisms involved in the development and maintenance of social bonds. Animal models are powerful tools for investigating the neurobiological mechanisms regulating the cognitive processes leading to the development of social relationships and for potentially extending our understanding of the human condition. In this review, we discuss the roles of the neuropeptides oxytocin and vasopressin in the regulation of social bonding as well as related social behaviors which culminate in the formation of social relationships in animal models. The formation of social bonds is a hierarchical process involving social motivation and approach, the processing of social stimuli and formation of social memories, and the social attachment itself. Oxytocin and vasopressin have been implicated in each of these processes. Specifically, these peptides facilitate social affiliation and parental nurturing behavior, are essential for social recognition in rodents, and are involved in the formation of selective mother-infant bonds in sheep and pair bonds in monogamous voles. The convergence of evidence from these animal studies makes oxytocin and vasopressin attractive candidates for the neural modulation of human social relationships as well as potential therapeutic targets for the treatment of psychiatric disorders associated with disruptions in social behavior, including autism. (c) 2006 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
C1 Emory Univ, Dept Psychiat & Behav Sci, Ctr Behav Neurosci, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA.
Emory Univ, Gatewood Rd Yerkes Natl Primate Res Ctr 954, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA.
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NR 126
TC 263
Z9 264
PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE
PI SAN DIEGO
PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA
SN 0018-506X
J9 HORM BEHAV
JI Horm. Behav.
PD NOV
PY 2006
VL 50
IS 4
BP 506
EP 517
DI 10.1016/j.yhbeh.2006.06.028
PG 12
WC Behavioral Sciences; Endocrinology & Metabolism
SC Behavioral Sciences; Endocrinology & Metabolism
GA 089GV
UT WOS:000240869500003
PM 16890230
ER
PT J
AU Bartz, JA
Hollander, E
AF Bartz, Jennifer A.
Hollander, Eric
TI The neuroscience of affiliation: Forging links between basic and
clinical research on neuropeptides and social behavior
SO HORMONES AND BEHAVIOR
LA English
DT Review
DE neuropeptides; oxytocin; social behavior; translational research; autism
ID BORDERLINE PERSONALITY-DISORDER; OBSESSIVE-COMPULSIVE DISORDER;
BLOOD-BRAIN-BARRIER; OXYTOCIN RECEPTOR GENE; ADRENAL AXIS RESPONSES;
MATERNAL-BEHAVIOR; CHILDHOOD EXPERIENCES; VASOPRESSIN RECEPTOR; PLASMA
OXYTOCIN; INTRANASAL OXYTOCIN
AB Animal studies point to the role of two neuropeptides-oxytocin and vasopressin-in the regulation of affiliative behaviors including mating, pair-bond formation, maternal/parenting behavior, and attachment. These findings may have important implications for understanding and treating clinical disorders marked by social deficits and/or disrupted attachment. This review focuses on advances made to date in the effort to forge links between basic and clinical research in the area of neuropeptides and social behavior. The literature on oxytocin and its involvement in stress response, affiliation, and prosocial behavior is reviewed, and the implications of these findings for such disorders as autism as well as other social and stress-related disorders including social phobia, post-traumatic stress disorder, and some personality disorders are considered. Finally, unresolved issues and directions for future research are discussed. (c) 2006 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
C1 Mt Sinai Sch Med, New York, NY 10029 USA.
RP Bartz, JA (reprint author), Mt Sinai Sch Med, 1 Gustave L Levy Pl,Box 1230, New York, NY 10029 USA.
EM jennifer.bartz@mssm.edu
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NR 117
TC 152
Z9 153
PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE
PI SAN DIEGO
PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA
SN 0018-506X
J9 HORM BEHAV
JI Horm. Behav.
PD NOV
PY 2006
VL 50
IS 4
BP 518
EP 528
DI 10.1016/j.yhbeh.2006.06.018
PG 11
WC Behavioral Sciences; Endocrinology & Metabolism
SC Behavioral Sciences; Endocrinology & Metabolism
GA 089GV
UT WOS:000240869500004
PM 16884725
ER
PT J
AU Nishijima, I
Yamagata, T
Spencer, CM
Weeber, EJ
Alekseyenko, O
Sweatt, JD
Momoi, MY
Ito, M
Armstrong, DL
Nelson, DL
Paylor, R
Bradley, A
AF Nishijima, Ichiko
Yamagata, Takanori
Spencer, Corinne M.
Weeber, Edwin J.
Alekseyenko, Olga
Sweatt, J. David
Momoi, Mariko Y.
Ito, Masayuki
Armstrong, Dawna L.
Nelson, David L.
Paylor, Richard
Bradley, Allan
TI Secretin receptor-deficient mice exhibit impaired synaptic plasticity
and social behavior
SO HUMAN MOLECULAR GENETICS
LA English
DT Article
ID CYCLASE-ACTIVATING POLYPEPTIDE; VASOACTIVE INTESTINAL POLYPEPTIDE;
ADENYLATE-CYCLASE; RETT-SYNDROME; ALZHEIMERS-DISEASE;
MENTAL-RETARDATION; DENDRITIC SPINES; MOUSE MODEL; CYCLIC-AMP; RAT-BRAIN
AB Secretin is a peptide hormone released from the duodenum to stimulate the secretion of digestive juice by the pancreas. Secretin also functions as a neuropeptide hormone in the brain, and exogenous administration has been reported to alleviate symptoms in some patients with autism. We have generated secretin receptor-deficient mice to explore the relationship between secretin signaling in the brain and behavioral phenotypes. Secretin receptor-deficient mice are overtly normal and fertile; however, synaptic plasticity in the hippocampus is impaired and there are slightly fewer dendritic spines in the CA1 hippocampal pyramidal cells. Furthermore, secretin receptor-deficient mice show abnormal social and cognitive behaviors. These findings suggest that the secretin receptor system has an important role in the central nervous system relating to social behavior.
C1 Ohio State Univ, Ctr Mol & Human Genet, Columbus Childrens Res Inst, Columbus, OH 43205 USA.
Baylor Coll Med, Dept Mol & Human Genet, Houston, TX 77030 USA.
Baylor Coll Med, Div Neurosci, Houston, TX 77030 USA.
Baylor Coll Med, Dept Pathol, Houston, TX 77030 USA.
Jichi Med Sch, Dept Pediat, Tochigi 3290498, Japan.
Vanderbilt Univ, Dept Mol Physiol & Biophys, Nashville, TN 37232 USA.
Natl Ctr Neurol & Psychiat, Tokyo 1878502, Japan.
Wellcome Trust Sanger Inst, Cambridge, England.
RP Nishijima, I (reprint author), Ohio State Univ, Ctr Mol & Human Genet, Columbus Childrens Res Inst, Columbus, OH 43205 USA.
EM nishijii@pediatrics.ohio-state.edu
RI Weeber, Edwin/A-5396-2012
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NR 61
TC 23
Z9 24
PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS
PI OXFORD
PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND
SN 0964-6906
J9 HUM MOL GENET
JI Hum. Mol. Genet.
PD NOV 1
PY 2006
VL 15
IS 21
BP 3241
EP 3250
DI 10.1093/hmg/ddl402
PG 10
WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Genetics & Heredity
SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Genetics & Heredity
GA 097EP
UT WOS:000241430000014
PM 17008357
ER
PT J
AU Wasserman, S
Iyengar, R
Chaplin, WF
Watner, D
Waldoks, SE
Anagnostou, E
Soorya, L
Hollander, E
AF Wasserman, Stacey
Iyengar, Rupa
Chaplin, William F.
Watner, Dryden
Waldoks, Shulamit E.
Anagnostou, Evdokia
Soorya, Latha
Hollander, Eric
TI Levetiracetam versus placebo in childhood and adolescent autism: a
double-blind placebo-controlled study
SO INTERNATIONAL CLINICAL PSYCHOPHARMACOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE anticonvulsants; autism; levetiracetam
ID TRIAL; DIVALPROEX; DISORDERS; CHILDREN
AB The purpose of this study was to determine the safety and efficacy of the anticonvulsant levetiracetam in the treatment of children with autism. A previous open-label study in autistic children treated with levetiracetam demonstrated effectiveness in hyperactivity, impulsivity/ aggression, and mood lability. Twenty patients with autism ranging from 5 to 17 years of age were entered into a 10-week, placebo-controlled, double-blind trial of levetiracetam versus placebo. The mean maximum dosage for levetiracetam was 862.50 +/- 279.19 mg/day. We evaluated global improvement of autism with the Clinical Global Impression-improvement (CGI-I) Scale and aggression and affective instability with the Aberrant Behavior Checklist (ABC) parent and teacher ratings. We measured repetitive behaviors using the Children's Yale-Brown Obsessive-Compulsive Scale (CY-BOCS) score and impulsivity and hyperactivity with the Conners' Rating Scale-Revised: Long Version for parent and teacher. No significant difference was found between levetiracetam and placebo groups comparing the change in CGI-I (t = 0.350, d.f. = 13.621, P = 0.765), nor on change in ABC, CY-BOCS or Conners' scales. These findings suggest that levetiracetam does not improve behavioral disturbances of autism, but are limited by the small sample size and lack of stratification of the autistic sample at baseline.
C1 Mt Sinai Sch Med, Dept Psychiat, New York, NY 10029 USA.
St Johns Univ, Dept Psychol, New York, NY USA.
RP Wasserman, S (reprint author), Mt Sinai Sch Med, Dept Psychiat, 1 Gustave L Levy Pl,Box 1230, New York, NY 10029 USA.
EM stacey.wasserman@mssm.edu
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NR 15
TC 48
Z9 48
PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS
PI PHILADELPHIA
PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA
SN 0268-1315
J9 INT CLIN PSYCHOPHARM
JI Int. Clin. Psychopharmacol.
PD NOV
PY 2006
VL 21
IS 6
BP 363
EP 367
DI 10.1097/01.yic.0000224787.13782.0f
PG 5
WC Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Psychiatry
SC Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Psychiatry
GA 144DH
UT WOS:000244775200006
PM 17012983
ER
PT J
AU Baron, CA
Liu, SY
Hicks, C
Gregg, JP
AF Baron, Colin A.
Liu, Stephenie Y.
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Gregg, Jeffrey P.
TI Utilization of lymphoblastoid cell lines as a system for the molecular
modeling of autism
SO JOURNAL OF AUTISM AND DEVELOPMENTAL DISORDERS
LA English
DT Article
DE autism; lymphoblastoid cell lines; gene expression; microarray; blood
genomics; PathwayAssist
ID PERVASIVE DEVELOPMENTAL DISORDERS; GENE-EXPRESSION; DIAGNOSTIC
INTERVIEW; SUSCEPTIBILITY LOCI; GENOMEWIDE SCREEN; PHARMACOTHERAPY;
ABNORMALITIES; SEROTONIN; RESOURCE; ETIOLOGY
AB In order to provide an alternative approach for understanding the biology and genetics of autism, we performed statistical analysis of gene expression profiles of lymphoblastoid cell lines derived from children with autism and their families. The goal was to assess the feasibility of using this model in identifying autism-associated genes. Replicate microarray experiments demonstrated that expression data from the cell lines were consistent and highly reproducible. Further analyses identified differentially expressed genes between cell lines derived from children with autism and those derived from their normally developing siblings. These genes were then used to identify biochemical pathways potentially involved in autism. This study suggests that lymphoblastoid cell lines may be a viable tool for identifying genes associated with autism.
C1 Univ Calif Davis, Dept Pathol & Lab Med, Sacramento, CA 95817 USA.
Univ Calif Davis, MIND Inst, Sacramento, CA 95817 USA.
RP Gregg, JP (reprint author), Univ Calif Davis, Dept Pathol & Lab Med, Sacramento, CA 95817 USA.
EM jpgregg@ucdavis.edu
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PU SPRINGER/PLENUM PUBLISHERS
PI NEW YORK
PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA
SN 0162-3257
J9 J AUTISM DEV DISORD
JI J. Autism Dev. Disord.
PD NOV
PY 2006
VL 36
IS 8
BP 973
EP 982
DI 10.1007/s10803-006-0134-x
PG 10
WC Psychology, Developmental
SC Psychology
GA 117OY
UT WOS:000242883800003
PM 16845580
ER
PT J
AU Rutherford, MD
Pennington, BF
Rogers, SJ
AF Rutherford, M. D.
Pennington, Bruce F.
Rogers, Sally J.
TI The perception of animacy in young children with autism
SO JOURNAL OF AUTISM AND DEVELOPMENTAL DISORDERS
LA English
DT Article
DE autism; perception; animacy; theory of mind; intentionality
ID ASPERGER-SYNDROME; BIOLOGICAL MOTION; SOCIAL CAUSALITY; BRAIN;
COMMUNICATION; ATTRIBUTION; LANGUAGE; RECOGNITION; SENSITIVITY; MOVEMENT
AB Visual perception may be a developmental prerequisite to some types of social understanding. The ability to perceive social information given visual motion appears to develop early. However, children with autism have profound deficits in social cognitive function and may fail to see social motion in the same way that typically developing children do. We tested the hypothesis that children with autism fail to discriminate animate motion, using a novel paradigm involving simple geometric figures. The subjects were 23 children with autism (c.a. 70.7 mos.), 18 children with other developmental disabilities (c.a. 68.2 mos.), and 18 typically developing children (c.a. 46.4 mos.). Children saw two circles moving on a screen and were rewarded for identifying the one that moved as if animate. A control condition required children to identify the heavier of two objects. Children with autism initially showed a deficit in categorizing objects as animate (though no deficit on the control task), but showed no deficit in this ability after they had reached criterion in the training phase. These results are discussed in terms of the social orienting theory of autism, and the possibility that animacy perception might be preserved in autism, even if it is not used automatically.
C1 McMaster Univ, Hamilton, ON L8S 4K1, Canada.
RP Rutherford, MD (reprint author), McMaster Univ, Hamilton, ON L8S 4K1, Canada.
EM rutherm@mcmaster.ca
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NR 48
TC 27
Z9 27
PU SPRINGER/PLENUM PUBLISHERS
PI NEW YORK
PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA
SN 0162-3257
J9 J AUTISM DEV DISORD
JI J. Autism Dev. Disord.
PD NOV
PY 2006
VL 36
IS 8
BP 983
EP 992
DI 10.1007/s10803-006-0136-8
PG 10
WC Psychology, Developmental
SC Psychology
GA 117OY
UT WOS:000242883800004
PM 16897392
ER
PT J
AU Toth, K
Munson, J
Meltzoff, AN
Dawson, G
AF Toth, Karen
Munson, Jeffrey
Meltzoff, Andrew N.
Dawson, Geraldine
TI Early predictors of communication development in young children with
autism spectrum disorder: Joint attention, imitation, and toy play
SO JOURNAL OF AUTISM AND DEVELOPMENTAL DISORDERS
LA English
DT Article
DE autism; language; communication; joint attention; imitation; play
ID DIAGNOSTIC OBSERVATION SCHEDULE; RECEPTIVE LANGUAGE DISORDER;
NONVERBAL-COMMUNICATION; INFANTILE-AUTISM; SYMBOLIC PLAY; 2ND YEAR;
INFANCY; BEHAVIOR; DELAY; 6-MONTH-OLDS
AB This study investigated the unique contributions of joint attention, imitation, and toy play to language ability and rate of development of communication skills in young children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD). Sixty preschool-aged children with ASD were assessed using measures of joint attention, imitation, toy play, language, and communication ability. Two skills, initiating protodeclarative joint attention and immediate imitation, were most strongly associated with language ability at age 3-4 years, whereas toy play and deferred imitation were the best predictors of rate of communication development from age 4 to 6.5 years. The implications of these results for understanding the nature and course of language development in autism and for the development of targeted early interventions are discussed.
C1 Univ Washington, Dept Psychol, Autism Ctr, CHDD, Seattle, WA 98195 USA.
RP Toth, K (reprint author), Univ Washington, Dept Psychol, Autism Ctr, CHDD, 357920, Seattle, WA 98195 USA.
EM ktoth@u.washington.edu
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NR 99
TC 118
Z9 120
PU SPRINGER/PLENUM PUBLISHERS
PI NEW YORK
PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA
SN 0162-3257
J9 J AUTISM DEV DISORD
JI J. Autism Dev. Disord.
PD NOV
PY 2006
VL 36
IS 8
BP 993
EP 1005
DI 10.1007/s10803-006-0137-7
PG 13
WC Psychology, Developmental
SC Psychology
GA 117OY
UT WOS:000242883800005
PM 16845578
ER
PT J
AU Rogers, SJ
Hayden, D
Hepburn, S
Charlifue-Smith, R
Hall, T
Hayes, A
AF Rogers, Sally J.
Hayden, Deborah
Hepburn, Susan
Charlifue-Smith, Renee
Hall, Terry
Hayes, Athena
TI Teaching young nonverbal children with autism useful speech: A pilot
study of the Denver model and PROMPT interventions
SO JOURNAL OF AUTISM AND DEVELOPMENTAL DISORDERS
LA English
DT Article
DE autism; language; treatment; intervention
ID PERVASIVE DEVELOPMENTAL DISORDERS; INFANTILE-AUTISM; COMMUNICATION;
LANGUAGE; IMITATION; ACQUISITION; PARADIGM; TODDLERS; SPECTRUM; BEHAVIOR
AB This single subject design study examined two models of intervention: Denver Model (which merges behavioral, developmental, and relationship-oriented intervention), and PROMPT (a neuro-developmental approach for speech production disorders). Ten young, nonverbal children with autism were matched in pairs and randomized to treatment. They received 12 1-h weekly sessions of therapy and daily 1-h home intervention delivered by parents. Fidelity criteria were maintained throughout. Eight of the ten children used five or more novel, functional words spontaneously and spoke multiple times per hour by the conclusion of treatment. There were no differences in acquired language skills by intervention group. Initial characteristics of the best responders were mild to moderate symptoms of autism, better motor imitation skills, and emerging joint attention skills.
C1 Univ Calif Davis, MIND Inst, Sacramento, CA 95817 USA.
PROMPT Inst, Santa Fe, NM USA.
Univ Colorado, Hlth Sci Ctr, Denver, CO 80202 USA.
RP Rogers, SJ (reprint author), Univ Calif Davis, MIND Inst, Sacramento, CA 95817 USA.
EM sally.rogers@ucdmc.ucdavis.edu
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NR 62
TC 49
Z9 50
PU SPRINGER/PLENUM PUBLISHERS
PI NEW YORK
PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA
SN 0162-3257
J9 J AUTISM DEV DISORD
JI J. Autism Dev. Disord.
PD NOV
PY 2006
VL 36
IS 8
BP 1007
EP 1024
DI 10.1007/s10803-006-0142-x
PG 18
WC Psychology, Developmental
SC Psychology
GA 117OY
UT WOS:000242883800006
PM 16845576
ER
PT J
AU Schlooz, WAJM
Hulstijn, W
van den Broek, PJA
van der Pijll, ACAM
Gabreels, F
van der Gaag, RJ
Rotteveel, JJ
AF Schlooz, Wim A. J. M.
Hulstijn, Wouter
van den Broek, Pieter J. A.
van der Pijll, Angela C. A. M.
Gabreels, Fons
van der Gaag, Rutger J.
Rotteveel, Jan J.
TI Fragmented visuospatial processing in children with pervasive
developmental disorder
SO JOURNAL OF AUTISM AND DEVELOPMENTAL DISORDERS
LA English
DT Article
DE autism; pervasive developmental disorder; central coherence; rey complex
figure task; children's embedded figure test; local and global
processing
ID OSTERRIETH COMPLEX FIGURE; HIGH-FUNCTIONING AUTISM; TOURETTE-SYNDROME;
SPECTRUM DISORDERS; ASPERGER-SYNDROME; VISUAL-SEARCH; MEMORY;
INDIVIDUALS; PERFORMANCE; ABILITIES
AB Children diagnosed with Pervasive Developmental Disorder Not Otherwise Specified (PDD-NOS) and Asperger Syndrome (AS) may be characterised by a similar perceptual focus on details as children with autistic disorder (AD). This was tested by analysing their performance in a visuoperceptual task [the Children's Embedded Figure Test (CEFT)] and a graphic reproduction task [the Rey Complex Figure Task (Rey CFT)]. Control groups were children with Tourette Syndrome (TS) and typically developing children. The TS sample performed similarly to the normal control group in both tasks. The CEFT results did not show the expected preference for local processing in children with PDD-NOS. However, the Rey CFT data revealed that the children with this lesser variant of PDD processed visuospatial information in a fragmented way and were deficient in global processing.
C1 UMCN St Radboud ACKJON Lingewal, Dept Child Psychiat, Nijmegen, Netherlands.
Radboud Univ Nijmegen, NICI, Nijmegen, Netherlands.
UMCN St Radboud, Dept Med Psychol, Nijmegen, Netherlands.
UMCN St Radboud, Dept Child Neurol IKNC, Nijmegen, Netherlands.
RP Schlooz, WAJM (reprint author), UMCN St Radboud ACKJON Lingewal, Dept Child Psychiat, Nijmegen, Netherlands.
EM w.schlooz@RvAgroep.nl
RI Gaag, R.J./H-8030-2014
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NR 50
TC 19
Z9 19
PU SPRINGER/PLENUM PUBLISHERS
PI NEW YORK
PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA
SN 0162-3257
J9 J AUTISM DEV DISORD
JI J. Autism Dev. Disord.
PD NOV
PY 2006
VL 36
IS 8
BP 1025
EP 1037
DI 10.1007/s10803-006-0140-z
PG 13
WC Psychology, Developmental
SC Psychology
GA 117OY
UT WOS:000242883800007
PM 16897391
ER
PT J
AU Mankoski, RE
Collins, M
Ndosi, NK
Mgalla, EH
Sarwatt, VV
Folstein, SE
AF Mankoski, Raymond E.
Collins, Martha
Ndosi, Noah K.
Mgalla, Ella H.
Sarwatt, Veronica V.
Folstein, Susan E.
TI Etiologies of autism in a case-series from Tanzania
SO JOURNAL OF AUTISM AND DEVELOPMENTAL DISORDERS
LA English
DT Article
DE autism; malaria; Africa; infection
ID HERPES-SIMPLEX ENCEPHALITIS; CHILDHOOD AUTISM; CEREBRAL MALARIA;
CONGENITAL CYTOMEGALOVIRUS; AFRICAN CHILDREN; SEQUELAE; MENINGITIS;
DISORDERS; COMPLEX
AB Most autism has a genetic cause although post-encephalitis cases are reported. In a case-series (N = 20) from Tanzania, 14 met research criteria for autism. Three (M:F = 1:2) had normal development to age 22, 35, and 42 months, with onset of autism upon recovery from severe malaria, attended by prolonged high fever, convulsions, and in one case prolonged loss of consciousness. In four other cases (M:F = 3:1), the temporal relationship between onset of autism and severe infection was close, but possibly spurious since malaria is common in Tanzania and there were indications of abnormal development in the child or a family member. In seven cases, (M:F = 6:1) autism onset was unrelated to malaria. The excess of non-verbal cases (N = 10) is related local diagnostic practice.
C1 Johns Hopkins Univ, Sch Med, Baltimore, MD 21210 USA.
Msimbazi Mseto Primary Sch, Autism Unit, Dar Es Salaam, Tanzania.
Univ Dar Es Salaam, Coll Hlth Sci, Muhimbili Univ, Dept Psychiat, Dar Es Salaam, Tanzania.
Tufts Univ, New England Med Ctr, Dept Psychiat, Boston, MA 02111 USA.
Tufts Univ, Sch Med, Boston, MA 02111 USA.
Tufts Univ, Sackler Sch Grad Biomed Sci, Boston, MA 02111 USA.
RP Folstein, SE (reprint author), Johns Hopkins Univ, Sch Med, 111 Hamlet Hill Rd,Unit 406, Baltimore, MD 21210 USA.
EM sfolstein@rcn.com
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NR 35
TC 8
Z9 10
PU SPRINGER/PLENUM PUBLISHERS
PI NEW YORK
PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA
SN 0162-3257
J9 J AUTISM DEV DISORD
JI J. Autism Dev. Disord.
PD NOV
PY 2006
VL 36
IS 8
BP 1039
EP 1051
DI 10.1007/s10803-006-0143-9
PG 13
WC Psychology, Developmental
SC Psychology
GA 117OY
UT WOS:000242883800008
PM 16897390
ER
PT J
AU Schneider, CK
Melmed, RD
Enriquez, FJ
Barstow, LE
Ranger-Moore, J
Ostrem, JA
AF Schneider, Cindy K.
Melmed, Raun D.
Enriquez, F. Javier
Barstow, Leon E.
Ranger-Moore, James
Ostrem, James A.
TI Oral human immunoglobulin for children with autism and gastrointestinal
dysfunction: A prospective, open-label study
SO JOURNAL OF AUTISM AND DEVELOPMENTAL DISORDERS
LA English
DT Article
DE autism; autistic disorder; immunoglobulin; gastrointestinal dysfunction;
mucosal immunity
ID IMMUNE GLOBULIN THERAPY; BIRTH-WEIGHT INFANTS; REGRESSIVE AUTISM;
DEVELOPMENTAL DISORDERS; SPECTRUM DISORDERS; CROHNS-DISEASE;
AUTOANTIBODIES; ENTEROCOLITIS; AUTOIMMUNITY; DIARRHEA
AB Immunoglobulin secretion onto mucosal surfaces is a major component of the mucosal immune system. We hypothesized that chronic gastrointestinal (GI) disturbances associated with autistic disorder (AD) may be due to an underlying deficiency in mucosal immunity, and that orally administered immunoglobulin would be effective in alleviating chronic GI dysfunction in these individuals. In this pilot study, twelve male subjects diagnosed with AD were evaluated using a GI severity index (GSI) while receiving daily dosing with encapsulated human immunoglobulin. Following eight weeks of treatment, 50% of the subjects met prespecified criteria for response in GI signs and symptoms and showed significant behavioral improvement as assessed by the Autism Behavior Checklist and parent and physician rated Clinical Global Impression of Improvement.
C1 Protein Therapeut Inc, Tucson, AZ USA.
SW Autism Res & Resource Ctr, Phoenix, AZ USA.
Univ Arizona, Hlth Sci Ctr, Ctr Canc, Biometry Unit, Tucson, AZ USA.
RP Ostrem, JA (reprint author), Protein Therapeut Inc, Tucson, AZ USA.
EM jostrem@protein-therapeutics.com
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NR 46
TC 12
Z9 12
PU SPRINGER/PLENUM PUBLISHERS
PI NEW YORK
PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA
SN 0162-3257
J9 J AUTISM DEV DISORD
JI J. Autism Dev. Disord.
PD NOV
PY 2006
VL 36
IS 8
BP 1053
EP 1064
DI 10.1007/s10803-006-0141-y
PG 12
WC Psychology, Developmental
SC Psychology
GA 117OY
UT WOS:000242883800009
PM 16845577
ER
PT J
AU Macintosh, K
Dissanayake, C
AF Macintosh, Kathleen
Dissanayake, Cheryl
TI Social skills and problem behaviours in school aged children with
high-functioning autism and Asperger's Disorder
SO JOURNAL OF AUTISM AND DEVELOPMENTAL DISORDERS
LA English
DT Article
DE high-functioning autism; Asperger's Disorder; social skills; problem
behaviours; SSRS
AB The social skills and problem behaviours of children with high-functioning autism and Asperger's Disorder were compared using parent and teacher reports on the Social Skills Rating System. The participants were 20 children with high-functioning autism, 19 children with Asperger's Disorder, and 17 typically developing children, matched on chronological and overall mental age. The children with autism and Asperger's Disorder were not differentiated on any social skill or problem behaviour based either on teacher or parent report. However, both clinical groups demonstrated significant social skill deficits and problem behaviours relative to the typically developing children, and the original standardization sample. The findings were compatible with the view that autism and Asperger's Disorder belong on a single spectrum of disorder.
C1 La Trobe Univ, Sch Psychol Sci, Melbourne, Vic 3086, Australia.
RP Dissanayake, C (reprint author), La Trobe Univ, Sch Psychol Sci, Melbourne, Vic 3086, Australia.
EM c.dissanayake@latrobe.edu.au
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NR 44
TC 51
Z9 53
PU SPRINGER/PLENUM PUBLISHERS
PI NEW YORK
PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA
SN 0162-3257
J9 J AUTISM DEV DISORD
JI J. Autism Dev. Disord.
PD NOV
PY 2006
VL 36
IS 8
BP 1065
EP 1076
DI 10.1007/s10803-006-0139-5
PG 12
WC Psychology, Developmental
SC Psychology
GA 117OY
UT WOS:000242883800010
PM 16865549
ER
PT J
AU Cohen, IL
Tsiouris, JA
AF Cohen, Ira L.
Tsiouris, John A.
TI Maternal recurrent mood disorders and high-functioning autism
SO JOURNAL OF AUTISM AND DEVELOPMENTAL DISORDERS
LA English
DT Article
DE high-functioning autism; recurrent depression; internalizing behaviors
ID PERVASIVE DEVELOPMENTAL DISORDERS; PDD BEHAVIOR INVENTORY;
PSYCHIATRIC-DISORDERS; FAMILY-HISTORY; MAJOR DEPRESSION; EARLY-ONSET;
CHILDREN; SPECTRUM; PATTERNS; PARENTS
AB A quantitative examination was made of the association of parental mood and anxiety disorders with severity of disability within a large sample of young children with Pervasive Developmental Disorder (PDD). Maternal recurrent mood disorders were associated with elevated cognitive and adaptive functioning in their affected children, parent reports of increased behavior problems and teacher reports of an internalizing behavioral style. Maternal histories of anxiety disorders and paternal depression or anxiety disorders were not associated with levels of adaptive/cognitive functioning or levels of maladaptive behaviors in the children. Various genetic models are discussed. It is hypothesized that genes associated with recurrent depression in women may exert a "protective" effect on cognition and adaptive functioning in children with PDD.
C1 New York State Inst Basic Res Dev Disabil, Staten Isl, NY 10314 USA.
RP Cohen, IL (reprint author), New York State Inst Basic Res Dev Disabil, 1050 Forest Hill Rd, Staten Isl, NY 10314 USA.
EM Ira.Cohen@omr.state.ny.us
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NR 33
TC 13
Z9 13
PU SPRINGER/PLENUM PUBLISHERS
PI NEW YORK
PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA
SN 0162-3257
J9 J AUTISM DEV DISORD
JI J. Autism Dev. Disord.
PD NOV
PY 2006
VL 36
IS 8
BP 1077
EP 1088
DI 10.1007/s10803-006-0145-7
PG 12
WC Psychology, Developmental
SC Psychology
GA 117OY
UT WOS:000242883800011
PM 16897389
ER
PT J
AU Muller, E
Schuler, A
AF Muller, Eve
Schuler, Adriana
TI Verbal marking of affect by children with asperger syndrome and high
functioning autism during spontaneous interactions with family members
SO JOURNAL OF AUTISM AND DEVELOPMENTAL DISORDERS
LA English
DT Article
DE Asperger Syndrome; high functioning autism; affect; emotion; language;
spontaneous interaction
ID EMOTION; INDIVIDUALS; LANGUAGE; MOTHERS; PEOPLE; STATES
AB Verbal marking of affect by older children with Asperger Syndrome (AS) and high functioning autism (HFA) during spontaneous interactions is described. Discourse analysis of AS and HFA and typically developing children included frequency of affective utterances, affective initiations, affective labels and affective explanations, attribution of affective responses to self and others, and positive and negative markers of affect. Findings indicate that children with AS and HFA engaged in a higher proportion of affect marking and provided a higher proportion of affective explanations than typically developing children, yet were less likely to initiate affect marking sequences or talk about the affective responses of others. No significant differences were found between groups in terms of the marking of positive and negative affect.
C1 Natl Assoc State Directors Special Educ, Project Forum, Alexandria, VA 22314 USA.
San Francisco State Univ, Dept Special Educ, San Francisco, CA 94132 USA.
RP Muller, E (reprint author), Natl Assoc State Directors Special Educ, Project Forum, 1800 Diagonal Rd,Suite 320, Alexandria, VA 22314 USA.
EM eve.muller@nasdse.org
CR ATKINSON M, 1999, DISCOURSE READER
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NR 36
TC 8
Z9 8
PU SPRINGER/PLENUM PUBLISHERS
PI NEW YORK
PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA
SN 0162-3257
J9 J AUTISM DEV DISORD
JI J. Autism Dev. Disord.
PD NOV
PY 2006
VL 36
IS 8
BP 1089
EP 1100
DI 10.1007/s10803-006-0146-6
PG 12
WC Psychology, Developmental
SC Psychology
GA 117OY
UT WOS:000242883800012
PM 16897388
ER
PT J
AU Lecavalier, L
AF Lecavalier, Luc
TI Behavioral and emotional problems in young people with pervasive
developmental disorders: Relative prevalence, effects of subject
characteristics, and empirical classification
SO JOURNAL OF AUTISM AND DEVELOPMENTAL DISORDERS
LA English
DT Article
DE autism; Pervasive Developmental Disorder; behavior problems; prevalence;
cluster analysis; Nisonger Child Behavior Rating Form
ID RATED CHILD-BEHAVIOR; NATIONAL US SAMPLE; RATING FORM;
MENTAL-RETARDATION; AUTISM; COMMUNITY; CHECKLIST; NORMS; DISABILITIES;
INDIVIDUALS
AB Parents or teachers rated 487 non-clinically referred young people with Pervasive Developmental Disorders on the Nisonger Child Behavior Rating Form. The objectives of the study were to examine the relative prevalence of specific behavior problems, assess the impact of subject characteristics, and derive an empirical classification of behavioral and emotional problems for this population. Results indicated that the youngsters experienced high rates of behavior and emotional problems. Cluster analysis suggested that six- and eight-cluster solutions best fit the ratings provided by parents and teachers, respectively. Both parent and teacher cluster solutions contained groups of children characterized as problem free, well adapted, hyperactive, anxious, and with undifferentiated behavior disturbances. The empirically derived clusters were supported by data external to the analyses.
C1 Ohio State Univ, Nisonger Ctr, Columbus, OH 43210 USA.
RP Lecavalier, L (reprint author), Ohio State Univ, Nisonger Ctr, 305 McCampbell Hall,1581 Dodd Dr, Columbus, OH 43210 USA.
EM lecavalier.1@osu.edu
CR Aman MG, 1996, RES DEV DISABIL, V17, P41, DOI 10.1016/0891-4222(95)00039-9
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NR 34
TC 164
Z9 167
PU SPRINGER/PLENUM PUBLISHERS
PI NEW YORK
PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA
SN 0162-3257
J9 J AUTISM DEV DISORD
JI J. Autism Dev. Disord.
PD NOV
PY 2006
VL 36
IS 8
BP 1101
EP 1114
DI 10.1007/s10803-006-0147-5
PG 14
WC Psychology, Developmental
SC Psychology
GA 117OY
UT WOS:000242883800013
PM 16897387
ER
PT J
AU Reed, P
AF Reed, Phil
TI The effect of retention interval on stimulus over-selectivity using a
matching-to-sample paradigm
SO JOURNAL OF AUTISM AND DEVELOPMENTAL DISORDERS
LA English
DT Article
DE autism; overselectivity; delayed matching-to-sample; memory; humans
ID MULTIPLE VISUAL CUES; AUTISTIC-CHILDREN; OVERSELECTIVITY; MEMORY;
DEFICITS
AB The conditions under which stimulus over-selectivity occurred were studied using a matching-to-sample procedure with non-autistic adults. A matching-to-sample discrimination learning task with a number of sample-comparison retention intervals was used. The results demonstrated that an increase in retention interval increased the degree of stimulus overselectivity displayed. In addition, it was shown that the matching-to-sample procedure is suitable for eliciting overselectivity in a non-autistic adult sample.
C1 Univ Coll Swansea, Dept Psychol, Swansea SA2 8PP, W Glam, Wales.
RP Reed, P (reprint author), Univ Coll Swansea, Dept Psychol, Singleton Pk, Swansea SA2 8PP, W Glam, Wales.
EM p.reed@swansea.ac.uk
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NR 16
TC 10
Z9 10
PU SPRINGER/PLENUM PUBLISHERS
PI NEW YORK
PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA
SN 0162-3257
J9 J AUTISM DEV DISORD
JI J. Autism Dev. Disord.
PD NOV
PY 2006
VL 36
IS 8
BP 1115
EP 1121
DI 10.1007/s10803-006-0148-4
PG 7
WC Psychology, Developmental
SC Psychology
GA 117OY
UT WOS:000242883800014
PM 16874563
ER
PT J
AU Tsakanikos, E
Costello, H
Holt, G
Bouras, N
Sturmey, P
Newton, T
AF Tsakanikos, Elias
Costello, Helen
Holt, Geraldine
Bouras, Nick
Sturmey, Peter
Newton, Tim
TI Psychopathology in adults with autism and intellectual disability
SO JOURNAL OF AUTISM AND DEVELOPMENTAL DISORDERS
LA English
DT Article
DE autism; intellectual disability; psychiatric co-morbidity
ID PERVASIVE DEVELOPMENTAL DISORDERS; PSYCHIATRIC-DISORDERS; PREVALENCE;
SYMPTOMS
AB There have been few studies of psychopathology in adult with autism. This study examined psychiatric co-morbidity in 147 adults with intellectual disability (ID) and autism and 605 adults with ID but without autism. After controlling for the effects of gender, age, psychotropic medication and level of ID, people with autism and ID were no more likely to receive a psychiatric diagnosis than people with ID only. People with autism were less likely to receive a diagnosis of personality disorder. These findings cast doubts on the hypothesis that adults with ID and autism are more vulnerable to certain psychiatric disorders than non-autistic adults with ID.
C1 Kings Coll London, Inst Psychiat, NHiLD York Clin, Guys Hosp, London SE1 3RR, England.
Kings Coll London, Inst Psychiat, Estia Ctr, London SE5 8AF, England.
CUNY Queens Coll, Dept Psychol, Flushing, NY 11367 USA.
CUNY, Grad Ctr, Flushing, NY 11367 USA.
Kings Coll London, GKT Med & Dent Sch, London WC2R 2LS, England.
RP Bouras, N (reprint author), Kings Coll London, Inst Psychiat, NHiLD York Clin, Guys Hosp, 47 Weston St, London SE1 3RR, England.
EM nick.bouras@kcl.ac.uk
RI Tsakanikos, Elias/B-4881-2011
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NR 32
TC 44
Z9 44
PU SPRINGER/PLENUM PUBLISHERS
PI NEW YORK
PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA
SN 0162-3257
J9 J AUTISM DEV DISORD
JI J. Autism Dev. Disord.
PD NOV
PY 2006
VL 36
IS 8
BP 1123
EP 1129
DI 10.1007/s10803-006-0149-3
PG 7
WC Psychology, Developmental
SC Psychology
GA 117OY
UT WOS:000242883800015
PM 16855878
ER
PT J
AU Eberhart, CG
Copeland, J
Abel, TW
AF Eberhart, Charles G.
Copeland, Joshua
Abel, Ty W.
TI Brief report: S6 ribosomal protein phosphorylation in autistic frontal
cortex and cerebellum: A tissue array analysis
SO JOURNAL OF AUTISM AND DEVELOPMENTAL DISORDERS
LA English
DT Article
DE autism tissue array; S6; tuberous sclerosis; Cowden disease
ID TUBEROUS SCLEROSIS COMPLEX; SPECTRUM DISORDERS; CORTICAL DYSPLASIA;
COWDEN-SYNDROME; MICROARRAYS; PREVALENCE; MTOR
AB Few autistic brain samples are available for study, limiting investigations into molecular and histopathological abnormalities associated with this common disease. To facilitate distribution of samples, we have constructed a tissue array containing cerebral and cerebellar cores from 5 autistic children, 1 girl with Rett syndrome, and 5 age-matched controls. To demonstrate the utility of this resource, we examined phosphorylation of the S6 ribosomal protein, a signaling event regulated by the genes mutated in tuberous sclerosis and Cowden disease. We hypothesized that the molecular pathways altered in these inherited conditions associated with autism might be dysregulated in sporadic autistic cases as well. However, no consistent alterations in S6 phosphorylation were detected in autistic tissues compared to controls in the brain regions analyzed.
C1 Johns Hopkins Univ, Baltimore, MD USA.
RP Eberhart, CG (reprint author), Johns Hopkins Univ, Baltimore, MD USA.
EM ceberha@jhmi.edu
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Volkmar FR, 2003, LANCET, V362, P1133, DOI 10.1016/S0140-6736(03)14471-6
NR 24
TC 6
Z9 6
PU SPRINGER/PLENUM PUBLISHERS
PI NEW YORK
PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA
SN 0162-3257
J9 J AUTISM DEV DISORD
JI J. Autism Dev. Disord.
PD NOV
PY 2006
VL 36
IS 8
BP 1131
EP 1135
DI 10.1007/s10803-006-0135-9
PG 5
WC Psychology, Developmental
SC Psychology
GA 117OY
UT WOS:000242883800016
PM 16845579
ER
PT J
AU Correia, C
Coutinho, AM
Diogo, L
Grazina, M
Marques, C
Miguel, T
Ataide, A
Almeida, J
Borges, L
Oliveira, C
Oliveira, G
Vicente, AM
AF Correia, Catarina
Coutinho, Ana M.
Diogo, Luisa
Grazina, Manuela
Marques, Carla
Miguel, Teresa
Ataide, Assuncao
Almeida, Joana
Borges, Luis
Oliveira, Catarina
Oliveira, Guiomar
Vicente, Astrid M.
TI Brief report: High frequency of biochemical markers for mitochondrial
dysfunction in autism: No association with the mitochondrial
aspartate/glutamate carrier SLC25A12 gene
SO JOURNAL OF AUTISM AND DEVELOPMENTAL DISORDERS
LA English
DT Article
DE autism; mitochondrial dysfunction; lactate/pyruvate ratio; SLC25A12
gene; genetic association
ID SPECTRUM DISORDERS; CHILDREN
AB In the present study we confirm the previously reported high frequency of biochemical markers of mitochondrial dysfunction, namely hyperlactacidemia and increased lactate/pyruvate ratio, in a significant fraction of 210 autistic patients. We further examine the involvement of the mitochondrial aspartate/glutamate carrier gene (SLC25A12) in mitochondrial dysfunction associated with autism. We found no evidence of association of the SLC25A12 gene with lactate and lactate/pyruvate distributions or with autism in 241 nuclear families with one affected individual. We conclude that while mitochondrial dysfunction may be one of the most common medical conditions associated with autism, variation at the SLC25A12 gene does not explain the high frequency of mitochondrial dysfunction markers and is not associated with autism in this sample of autistic patients.
C1 Inst Nacl Saude Dr Ricardo Jorge, P-1649016 Lisbon, Portugal.
Direccao Reg Educ Regiao Ctr, Coimbra, Portugal.
Ctr Neurociencias & Biol Celular, Coimbra, Portugal.
Hosp Pediat Coimbra, Ctr Desenvolvimento Crianca, Coimbra, Portugal.
Gulbenkian Inst Sci, P-2781 Oeiras, Portugal.
RP Vicente, AM (reprint author), Inst Nacl Saude Dr Ricardo Jorge, Av Padre Cruz, P-1649016 Lisbon, Portugal.
EM astrid.vicente@insa.min-saude.pt
RI Oliveira, Catarina/F-3685-2010; Oliveira, Guiomar/I-7255-2013
CR Bernier FP, 2002, NEUROLOGY, V59, P1406
Chugani DC, 1999, PROG NEURO-PSYCHOPH, V23, P635, DOI 10.1016/S0278-5846(99)00022-6
Filipek PA, 2003, ANN NEUROL, V53, P801, DOI 10.1002/ana.10596
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Vassault A., 1991, TECHNIQUES DIAGNOSTI, P285
NR 12
TC 44
Z9 44
PU SPRINGER/PLENUM PUBLISHERS
PI NEW YORK
PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA
SN 0162-3257
J9 J AUTISM DEV DISORD
JI J. Autism Dev. Disord.
PD NOV
PY 2006
VL 36
IS 8
BP 1137
EP 1140
DI 10.1007/s10803-006-0138-6
PG 4
WC Psychology, Developmental
SC Psychology
GA 117OY
UT WOS:000242883800017
PM 17151801
ER
PT J
AU Wing, L
Gould, J
AF Wing, Lorna
Gould, Judith
TI Letter to the editor: Comment on "The adult Asperger assessment (AAA): A
diagnostic method", Simon Baron-Cohen, Sally Wheelwright, Janine
Robinson and Marc Woodbury-Smith, Journal of Autism and Developmental
Disorders vol 35(6)
SO JOURNAL OF AUTISM AND DEVELOPMENTAL DISORDERS
LA English
DT Letter
ID INTERVIEW
C1 Ctr Social & Commun Disorders, Bromley BR2 9HT, Kent, England.
RP Wing, L (reprint author), Ctr Social & Commun Disorders, Elliot House,Masons Hill, Bromley BR2 9HT, Kent, England.
EM Elliot.House@nas.org.uk
CR Baron-Cohen S, 2005, J AUTISM DEV DISORD, V35, P807, DOI 10.1007/s10803-005-0026-5
Gillberg C, 2001, AUTISM, V5, P57, DOI 10.1177/1362361301005001006
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Wing L, 2002, J CHILD PSYCHOL PSYC, V43, P307, DOI 10.1111/1469-7610.00023
WING L, 1978, J AUTISM CHILD SCHIZ, V8, P79, DOI 10.1007/BF01550280
NR 6
TC 1
Z9 1
PU SPRINGER/PLENUM PUBLISHERS
PI NEW YORK
PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA
SN 0162-3257
J9 J AUTISM DEV DISORD
JI J. Autism Dev. Disord.
PD NOV
PY 2006
VL 36
IS 8
BP 1141
EP 1142
DI 10.1007/s10803-006-0289-5
PG 2
WC Psychology, Developmental
SC Psychology
GA 117OY
UT WOS:000242883800018
PM 17080268
ER
PT J
AU Hill, EL
Berthoz, S
AF Hill, Elisabeth L.
Berthoz, Sylvie
TI Response to "Letter to the editor: The overlap between Alexithymia and
Asperger's syndrome", Fitzgerald and Bellgrove, Journal of Autism and
Developmental Disorders, 36(4)
SO JOURNAL OF AUTISM AND DEVELOPMENTAL DISORDERS
LA English
DT Letter
ID SPECTRUM DISORDER; CINGULATE CORTEX; VALIDITY; AWARENESS; EMOTIONS;
SCALE; BRAIN; FMRI; MIND
C1 Univ London Goldsmiths Coll, Dept Psychol, London SE14 6NW, England.
Univ Paris 05, Inst Mutualiste Montsouris, Dept Psychiat Adolescents & Young Adults, Paris, France.
RP Hill, EL (reprint author), Univ London Goldsmiths Coll, Dept Psychol, New Cross, London SE14 6NW, England.
EM e.hill@gold.ac.uk
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NR 21
TC 5
Z9 5
PU SPRINGER/PLENUM PUBLISHERS
PI NEW YORK
PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA
SN 0162-3257
J9 J AUTISM DEV DISORD
JI J. Autism Dev. Disord.
PD NOV
PY 2006
VL 36
IS 8
BP 1143
EP 1145
DI 10.1007/s10803-006-0287-7
PG 3
WC Psychology, Developmental
SC Psychology
GA 117OY
UT WOS:000242883800019
PM 17080269
ER
PT J
AU Antrop, I
Stock, P
Verte, S
Wiersema, JR
Baeyens, D
Roeyers, H
AF Antrop, Inge
Stock, Pieter
Verte, Sylvie
Wiersema, Jan Roelt
Baeyens, Dieter
Roeyers, Herbert
TI ADHD and delay aversion: the influence of non-temporal stimulation on
choice for delayed rewards
SO JOURNAL OF CHILD PSYCHOLOGY AND PSYCHIATRY
LA English
DT Article
DE delay aversion
ID DEFICIT-HYPERACTIVITY DISORDER; RESPONSE-INHIBITION; DIAGNOSTIC
INTERVIEW; CONTROL CHILDREN; EVENT-RATE; ATTENTION; AUTISM; AD/HD; TASK;
RELIABILITY
AB Background: Delay aversion, the motivation to escape or avoid delay, results in preference for small immediate over large delayed rewards. Delay aversion has been proposed as one distinctive psychological process that may underlie the behavioural symptoms and cognitive deficits of attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). Furthermore, the delay aversion hypothesis predicts that ADHD children's preference for immediate small over large delayed rewards will be reduced when stimulation, which makes time appear to pass more quickly, is added to the delay interval. The current paper tests these predictions. Methods: A group of children with a diagnosis of ADHD (with or without oppositional defiant disorder (ODD)), a group with a diagnosis of high-functioning autism (HFA), and a normal control group were compared on an experimental paradigm giving repeated choices between small immediate and large delayed rewards (Maudsley Index of Delay Aversion-MIDA) under two conditions (stimulation and no stimulation). Results: As predicted, ADHD children displayed a stronger preference than the HFA and control children for the small immediate rewards under the no-stimulation condition. The ADHD children preferences were normalised under the stimulation condition with no differences between the groups. This pattern of results was the same whether the ADHD children had comorbid ODD or not. Discussion: The findings from the MIDA are consistent with the delay aversion hypothesis of ADHD in showing that preference for small immediate rewards over large delayed rewards is a specific feature of ADHD and that this preference can be reduced by the addition of stimulation. Further research is required to better understand the emotional and motivational mechanisms underpinning delay aversion.
C1 State Univ Ghent Hosp, Dept Child & Adolescent Psychiat, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium.
Univ Ghent, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium.
RP Antrop, I (reprint author), State Univ Ghent Hosp, Dept Child & Adolescent Psychiat, De Pintelaan 185, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium.
EM Inge.Antrop@UGent.be
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NR 35
TC 46
Z9 48
PU BLACKWELL PUBLISHING
PI OXFORD
PA 9600 GARSINGTON RD, OXFORD OX4 2DQ, OXON, ENGLAND
SN 0021-9630
J9 J CHILD PSYCHOL PSYC
JI J. Child Psychol. Psychiatry
PD NOV
PY 2006
VL 47
IS 11
BP 1152
EP 1158
DI 10.1111/j.1469-7610.2006.01619.x
PG 7
WC Psychology, Developmental; Psychiatry; Psychology
SC Psychology; Psychiatry
GA 101GU
UT WOS:000241730100009
PM 17076754
ER
PT J
AU Neiworth, JJ
Gleichman, AJ
Olinick, AS
Lamp, KE
AF Neiworth, Julie J.
Gleichman, Amy J.
Olinick, Anne S.
Lamp, Kristen E.
TI Global and Local Processing in Adult Humans (Homo sapiens), 5-Year-Old
Children (Homo sapiens), and Adult Cotton-Top Tamarins (Saguinus
oedipus)
SO JOURNAL OF COMPARATIVE PSYCHOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE global precedence; local bias; perception; discrimination; cotton-top
tamarins
AB This study compared adults (Homo sapiens), young children (Homo sapiens), and adult tamarins (Saguinus oedipus) while they discriminated global and local properties of stimuli. Subjects were trained to discriminate a circle made of circle elements from a square made of square elements and were tested with circles made of squares and squares made of circles. Adult humans showed a global bias in testing that was unaffected by the density of the elements in the stimuli. Children showed a global bias with dense displays but discriminated by both local and global properties with sparse displays. Adult tamarins' biases matched those of the children. The striking similarity between the perceptual processing of adult monkeys and humans diagnosed with autism and the difference between this and normatively developing human perception is discussed.
C1 [Neiworth, Julie J.; Gleichman, Amy J.; Olinick, Anne S.; Lamp, Kristen E.] Carleton Coll, Dept Psychol, Northfield, MN 55057 USA.
RP Neiworth, JJ (reprint author), Carleton Coll, Dept Psychol, Northfield, MN 55057 USA.
EM jneiwort@carleton.edu
FU National Institute of Mental Health Grant [1 R15 MH071232-01A2];
Carleton College; Howard Hughes Medical Institute
FX This research was supported in part by National Institute of Mental
Health Grant 1 R15 MH071232-01A2 to Julie J. Neiworth, in part by
Carleton College, and in part by the Howard Hughes Medical Institute.
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NR 34
TC 18
Z9 18
PU AMER PSYCHOLOGICAL ASSOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 750 FIRST ST NE, WASHINGTON, DC 20002-4242 USA
SN 0735-7036
EI 1939-2087
J9 J COMP PSYCHOL
JI J. Comp. Psychol.
PD NOV
PY 2006
VL 120
IS 4
BP 323
EP 330
DI 10.1037/0735-7036.120.4.323
PG 8
WC Behavioral Sciences; Psychology; Psychology, Multidisciplinary; Zoology
SC Behavioral Sciences; Psychology; Zoology
GA V33ZM
UT WOS:000209056700001
PM 17115853
ER
PT J
AU Gallagher, L
AF Gallagher, L.
TI Autism: Complex genetics - Complex phenotype
SO JOURNAL OF INTELLECTUAL DISABILITY RESEARCH
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
DE autistic spectrum disorder; genetics
C1 Univ Dublin Trinity Coll, Dublin 2, Ireland.
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
PU BLACKWELL PUBLISHING
PI OXFORD
PA 9600 GARSINGTON RD, OXFORD OX4 2DQ, OXON, ENGLAND
SN 0964-2633
J9 J INTELL DISABIL RES
JI J. Intell. Disabil. Res.
PD NOV
PY 2006
VL 50
BP 782
EP 782
PN 11
PG 1
WC Education, Special; Genetics & Heredity; Clinical Neurology; Psychiatry;
Rehabilitation
SC Education & Educational Research; Genetics & Heredity; Neurosciences &
Neurology; Psychiatry; Rehabilitation
GA 087WM
UT WOS:000240773500008
ER
PT J
AU Howlin, P
AF Howlin, P.
TI Improving the quality of autism intervention research
SO JOURNAL OF INTELLECTUAL DISABILITY RESEARCH
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
DE autism; ASD; intervention research
C1 Inst Psychiat, London, England.
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
PU BLACKWELL PUBLISHING
PI OXFORD
PA 9600 GARSINGTON RD, OXFORD OX4 2DQ, OXON, ENGLAND
SN 0964-2633
J9 J INTELL DISABIL RES
JI J. Intell. Disabil. Res.
PD NOV
PY 2006
VL 50
BP 782
EP 782
PN 11
PG 1
WC Education, Special; Genetics & Heredity; Clinical Neurology; Psychiatry;
Rehabilitation
SC Education & Educational Research; Genetics & Heredity; Neurosciences &
Neurology; Psychiatry; Rehabilitation
GA 087WM
UT WOS:000240773500009
ER
PT J
AU Murphy, D
AF Murphy, D.
TI Biological differences in autism - So what?
SO JOURNAL OF INTELLECTUAL DISABILITY RESEARCH
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
DE autistic spectrum disorder; neurobiology; neurotransmitters
C1 Inst Psychiat, London, England.
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
PU BLACKWELL PUBLISHING
PI OXFORD
PA 9600 GARSINGTON RD, OXFORD OX4 2DQ, OXON, ENGLAND
SN 0964-2633
J9 J INTELL DISABIL RES
JI J. Intell. Disabil. Res.
PD NOV
PY 2006
VL 50
BP 782
EP 782
PN 11
PG 1
WC Education, Special; Genetics & Heredity; Clinical Neurology; Psychiatry;
Rehabilitation
SC Education & Educational Research; Genetics & Heredity; Neurosciences &
Neurology; Psychiatry; Rehabilitation
GA 087WM
UT WOS:000240773500007
ER
PT J
AU Ousely, OY
Rockers, K
Walker, E
Coleman, K
Cubells, JF
AF Ousely, O. Y.
Rockers, K.
Walker, E.
Coleman, K.
Cubells, J. F.
TI Autism-spectrum and schizophrenia-prodrome symptoms in young adults with
22q11 Deletion Syndrome
SO JOURNAL OF INTELLECTUAL DISABILITY RESEARCH
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
DE 2q11DS; psychosis; autistic spectrum disorder
C1 Emory Univ, Dept Psychiat & Behav Sci, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA.
Emory Univ, Dept Human Genet, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA.
Emory Univ, Dept Psychol, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA.
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
PU BLACKWELL PUBLISHING
PI OXFORD
PA 9600 GARSINGTON RD, OXFORD OX4 2DQ, OXON, ENGLAND
SN 0964-2633
J9 J INTELL DISABIL RES
JI J. Intell. Disabil. Res.
PD NOV
PY 2006
VL 50
BP 785
EP 785
PN 11
PG 1
WC Education, Special; Genetics & Heredity; Clinical Neurology; Psychiatry;
Rehabilitation
SC Education & Educational Research; Genetics & Heredity; Neurosciences &
Neurology; Psychiatry; Rehabilitation
GA 087WM
UT WOS:000240773500015
ER
PT J
AU Freitag, CM
Haberlen, M
von Gontard, A
Reith, W
Krick, C
AF Freitag, C. M.
Haeberlen, M.
von Gontard, A.
Reith, W.
Krick, C.
TI Motion perception in autism: A functional MRI study
SO JOURNAL OF INTELLECTUAL DISABILITY RESEARCH
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
DE autism; fMRI; motion perception
C1 Saarland Univ Hosp, Dept Child & Adolescent Psychiat, Homburg, Germany.
Saarland Univ Hosp, Dept Neuroradiol, Homburg, Germany.
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
PU BLACKWELL PUBLISHING
PI OXFORD
PA 9600 GARSINGTON RD, OXFORD OX4 2DQ, OXON, ENGLAND
SN 0964-2633
J9 J INTELL DISABIL RES
JI J. Intell. Disabil. Res.
PD NOV
PY 2006
VL 50
BP 786
EP 786
PN 11
PG 1
WC Education, Special; Genetics & Heredity; Clinical Neurology; Psychiatry;
Rehabilitation
SC Education & Educational Research; Genetics & Heredity; Neurosciences &
Neurology; Psychiatry; Rehabilitation
GA 087WM
UT WOS:000240773500019
ER
PT J
AU Toal, F
Daly, EM
Page, L
Deeley, Q
Cutter, B
Deeley, Q
Hallaghan, B
Chitnis, XA
Curran, S
Robertson, D
Murphy, C
Murphy, KMC
Murphy, DGM
AF Toal, F.
Daly, E. M.
Page, L.
Deeley, Q.
Cutter, B.
Deeley, Q.
Hallaghan, B.
Chitnis, X. A.
Curran, S.
Robertson, D.
Murphy, C.
Murphy, K. M. C.
Murphy, D. G. M.
TI The relationship between clinical phenotype and brain anatomy in
autistic spectrum disorder: An sMRI study
SO JOURNAL OF INTELLECTUAL DISABILITY RESEARCH
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
DE autism; Asperger; phenotype; sMRI
C1 Beaumont Hosp, Dept Psychiat, Royal Coll Surg Ireland, Dublin 9, Ireland.
Inst Psychiat, Sect Brain Maturat, Dept Psychol Med, London, England.
RI daly, eileen/B-6716-2011; Murphy, Kieran/D-3577-2012
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
PU BLACKWELL PUBLISHING
PI OXFORD
PA 9600 GARSINGTON RD, OXFORD OX4 2DQ, OXON, ENGLAND
SN 0964-2633
J9 J INTELL DISABIL RES
JI J. Intell. Disabil. Res.
PD NOV
PY 2006
VL 50
BP 786
EP 786
PN 11
PG 1
WC Education, Special; Genetics & Heredity; Clinical Neurology; Psychiatry;
Rehabilitation
SC Education & Educational Research; Genetics & Heredity; Neurosciences &
Neurology; Psychiatry; Rehabilitation
GA 087WM
UT WOS:000240773500018
ER
PT J
AU Tartaglia, NR
Hansen, RL
Reynolds, A
Hessl, D
Bacalman, S
Goodlin-Jones, B
Deprey, L
Hagerman, RJ
AF Tartaglia, N. R.
Hansen, R. L.
Reynolds, A.
Hessl, D.
Bacalman, S.
Goodlin-Jones, B.
Deprey, L.
Hagerman, R. J.
TI Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder and autism spectrum disorders
in males with XXY, XYY and XXYY syndromes
SO JOURNAL OF INTELLECTUAL DISABILITY RESEARCH
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
DE sex chromosome aneuploidy; XXY; XYY; XXYY; ADHD; autism
C1 Univ Calif Davis, MIND Inst, Sacramento, CA 95817 USA.
Childrens Hosp, Denver, CO 80218 USA.
NR 0
TC 4
Z9 4
PU BLACKWELL PUBLISHING
PI OXFORD
PA 9600 GARSINGTON RD, OXFORD OX4 2DQ, OXON, ENGLAND
SN 0964-2633
J9 J INTELL DISABIL RES
JI J. Intell. Disabil. Res.
PD NOV
PY 2006
VL 50
BP 787
EP 787
PN 11
PG 1
WC Education, Special; Genetics & Heredity; Clinical Neurology; Psychiatry;
Rehabilitation
SC Education & Educational Research; Genetics & Heredity; Neurosciences &
Neurology; Psychiatry; Rehabilitation
GA 087WM
UT WOS:000240773500020
ER
PT J
AU Jacobs, D
Willekens, D
de Die-Smulders, C
Fryns, JP
Steyaert, J
AF Jacobs, D.
Willekens, D.
de Die-Smulders, C.
Fryns, J. -P.
Steyaert, J.
TI Autism spectrum disorders, delusions and overvalued ideas in juvenile
myotonic dystrophy
SO JOURNAL OF INTELLECTUAL DISABILITY RESEARCH
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
DE myotonic dystrophy; psychosocial functioning
C1 Univ Limburg, Acad Hosp Maastricht, Dept Clin Genet, Maastricht, Netherlands.
Katholieke Univ Leuven, Dept Child & Adolescent Psychiat, Louvain, Belgium.
Katholieke Univ Leuven, Ctr Human Genet, Louvain, Belgium.
RI Steyaert, Jean/B-5326-2015
OI Steyaert, Jean/0000-0003-2512-4694
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
PU BLACKWELL PUBLISHING
PI OXFORD
PA 9600 GARSINGTON RD, OXFORD OX4 2DQ, OXON, ENGLAND
SN 0964-2633
J9 J INTELL DISABIL RES
JI J. Intell. Disabil. Res.
PD NOV
PY 2006
VL 50
BP 789
EP 789
PN 11
PG 1
WC Education, Special; Genetics & Heredity; Clinical Neurology; Psychiatry;
Rehabilitation
SC Education & Educational Research; Genetics & Heredity; Neurosciences &
Neurology; Psychiatry; Rehabilitation
GA 087WM
UT WOS:000240773500027
ER
PT J
AU Hagerman, PJ
Goetz, CG
Leehey, MA
Zhang, L
Li, L
Nguyen, D
Hall, D
Tartaglia, N
Cogswell, J
Farrell, GF
Tassone, F
Maselli, R
Hagerman, RJ
Berry-Kravis, E
AF Hagerman, P. J.
Goetz, C. G.
Leehey, M. A.
Zhang, L.
Li, L.
Nguyen, D.
Hall, D.
Tartaglia, N.
Cogswell, J.
Farrell, G. F.
Tassone, F.
Maselli, R.
Hagerman, R. J.
Berry-Kravis, E.
TI Peripheral neuropathy in fragile X-associated tremor/ataxia syndrome
SO JOURNAL OF INTELLECTUAL DISABILITY RESEARCH
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
DE autism; neurodegeneration; RNA toxicity; fragile X syndrome
C1 Univ Calif Davis, Sch Med, Dept Biochem & Mol Med, Davis, CA 95616 USA.
Rush Univ, Ctr Med, Dept Neurol Sci, Chicago, IL 60612 USA.
Univ Colorado, Hlth Sci Ctr, Dept Neurol, Denver, CO USA.
Univ Calif Davis, Med Ctr, Dept Neurol, Sacramento, CA 95817 USA.
N Carolina State Univ, Dept Stat, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA.
Univ Calif Davis, Sch Med, Div Biostat, Davis, CA 95616 USA.
Univ Calif Davis, Med Ctr, MIND Inst, Sacramento, CA 95817 USA.
Univ Calif Davis, Med Ctr, EMG Lab, Sacramento, CA 95817 USA.
Univ Calif Davis, Dept Pediat, Sacramento, CA 95817 USA.
Rush Univ, Med Ctr, Dept Neurol Sci, Chicago, IL 60612 USA.
Rush Univ, Med Ctr, Dept Pediat, Chicago, IL 60612 USA.
Rush Univ, Med Ctr, Dept Biochem, Chicago, IL 60612 USA.
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
PU BLACKWELL PUBLISHING
PI OXFORD
PA 9600 GARSINGTON RD, OXFORD OX4 2DQ, OXON, ENGLAND
SN 0964-2633
J9 J INTELL DISABIL RES
JI J. Intell. Disabil. Res.
PD NOV
PY 2006
VL 50
BP 793
EP 793
PN 11
PG 1
WC Education, Special; Genetics & Heredity; Clinical Neurology; Psychiatry;
Rehabilitation
SC Education & Educational Research; Genetics & Heredity; Neurosciences &
Neurology; Psychiatry; Rehabilitation
GA 087WM
UT WOS:000240773500037
ER
PT J
AU Steyaert, J
Castermans, D
Devos, R
Creemers, J
Fryns, JP
Devriendt, K
AF Steyaert, J.
Castermans, D.
Devos, R.
Creemers, J.
Fryns, J. -P.
Devriendt, K.
TI Studies of three candidate genes suggests that errors in the regulated
secretion pathway may underlie autism
SO JOURNAL OF INTELLECTUAL DISABILITY RESEARCH
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
DE genetics; candidate genes; autism
C1 UZ Leuven, Louvain, Belgium.
RI Steyaert, Jean/B-5326-2015
OI Steyaert, Jean/0000-0003-2512-4694
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
PU BLACKWELL PUBLISHING
PI OXFORD
PA 9600 GARSINGTON RD, OXFORD OX4 2DQ, OXON, ENGLAND
SN 0964-2633
J9 J INTELL DISABIL RES
JI J. Intell. Disabil. Res.
PD NOV
PY 2006
VL 50
BP 796
EP 796
PN 11
PG 1
WC Education, Special; Genetics & Heredity; Clinical Neurology; Psychiatry;
Rehabilitation
SC Education & Educational Research; Genetics & Heredity; Neurosciences &
Neurology; Psychiatry; Rehabilitation
GA 087WM
UT WOS:000240773500044
ER
PT J
AU Jacquemont, ML
Sanlaville, D
Redon, R
Raoul, O
Cormier-Daire, V
Lyonnet, S
Amiel, J
Le Merrer, M
Heron, D
de Blois, MC
Prieur, M
Vekemans, M
Carter, NP
Munnich, A
Colleaux, L
Philippe, A
AF Jacquemont, M-L
Sanlaville, D.
Redon, R.
Raoul, O.
Cormier-Daire, V.
Lyonnet, S.
Amiel, J.
Le Merrer, M.
Heron, D.
de Blois, M-C
Prieur, M.
Vekemans, M.
Carter, N. P.
Munnich, A.
Colleaux, L.
Philippe, A.
TI Array-based comparative genomic hybridisation identifies high frequency
of cryptic chromosomal rearrangements in patients with syndromic autism
spectrum disorders
SO JOURNAL OF MEDICAL GENETICS
LA English
DT Article
ID PERVASIVE DEVELOPMENTAL DISORDERS; COPY NUMBER VARIATION; 45,X/46,XY
MOSAICISM; INFANTILE-AUTISM; MICROARRAY; DELETIONS; CGH; TWIN;
ABNORMALITIES; DUPLICATIONS
AB Background: Autism spectrum disorders ( ASD) refer to a broader group of neurobiological conditions, pervasive developmental disorders. They are characterised by a symptomatic triad associated with qualitative changes in social interactions, defect in communication abilities, and repetitive and stereotyped interests and activities. ASD is prevalent in 1 to 3 per 1000 people. Despite several arguments for a strong genetic contribution, the molecular basis of a most cases remains unexplained. About 5% of patients with autism have a chromosome abnormality visible with cytogenetic methods. The most frequent are 15q11 - q13 duplication, 2q37 and 22q13.3 deletions. Many other chromosomal imbalances have been described. However, most of them remain undetectable using routine karyotype analysis, thus impeding diagnosis and genetic counselling.
Methods and results: 29 patients presenting with syndromic ASD were investigated using a DNA microarray constructed from large insert clones spaced at approximately 1 Mb intervals across the genome. Eight clinically relevant rearrangements were identified in 8 (27.5%) patients: six deletions and two duplications. Altered segments ranged in size from 1.4 to 16 Mb ( 2 - 19 clones). No recurrent abnormality was identified.
Conclusion: These results clearly show that array comparative genomic hybridisation should be considered to be an essential aspect of the genetic analysis of patients with syndromic ASD. Moreover, besides their importance for diagnosis and genetic counselling, they may allow the delineation of new contiguous gene syndromes associated with ASD. Finally, the detailed molecular analysis of the rearranged regions may pave the way for the identification of new ASD genes.
C1 Hop Necker Enfants Malad, INSERM, U781, F-75015 Paris, France.
Hop Necker Enfants Malad, Dept Genet, F-75015 Paris, France.
Wellcome Trust Sanger Inst, Cambridge, England.
Hop La Pitie Salpetriere, Dept Genet, Paris, France.
RP Philippe, A (reprint author), Hop Necker Enfants Malad, INSERM, U781, 149 Rue Sevres, F-75015 Paris, France.
EM kinabalu@free.fr
RI Redon, Richard/F-3303-2014; sanlaville, damien/M-4716-2014
OI Redon, Richard/0000-0001-7751-2280; sanlaville,
damien/0000-0001-9939-2849
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NR 47
TC 155
Z9 160
PU B M J PUBLISHING GROUP
PI LONDON
PA BRITISH MED ASSOC HOUSE, TAVISTOCK SQUARE, LONDON WC1H 9JR, ENGLAND
SN 0022-2593
J9 J MED GENET
JI J. Med. Genet.
PD NOV
PY 2006
VL 43
IS 11
BP 843
EP 849
DI 10.1136/jmg.2006.043166
PG 7
WC Genetics & Heredity
SC Genetics & Heredity
GA 101YW
UT WOS:000241778500002
PM 16840569
ER
PT J
AU Janusonis, S
Anderson, GM
Shifrovich, I
Rakic, P
AF Janusonis, Skirmantas
Anderson, George M.
Shifrovich, Ilya
Rakic, Pasko
TI Ontogeny of brain and blood serotonin levels in 5-HT1A receptor knockout
mice: potential relevance to the neurobiology of autism
SO JOURNAL OF NEUROCHEMISTRY
LA English
DT Article
DE autism; blood platelets; brain development; hyperserotonemia;
5-hydroxytryptamine (serotonin); 5-HT1A
ID NORMAL ANXIETY-LIKE; 5-HYDROXYTRYPTAMINE RELEASE; PLATELET SEROTONIN;
SMALL-INTESTINE; TRYPTOPHAN; MODEL; MOUSE; RAT; MECHANISMS; EXPRESSION
AB The most consistent neurochemical finding in autism has been elevated group mean levels of blood platelet 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT, serotonin). The origin and significance of this platelet hyperserotonemia remain poorly understood. The 5-HT1A receptor plays important roles in the developing brain and is also expressed in the gut, the main source of platelet 5-HT. Post-natal tissue levels of 5-HT, 5-hydroxyindoleacetic acid (5-HIAA) and tryptophan were examined in the brain, duodenum and blood of 5-HT1A receptor-knockout and wild-type mice. At 3 days after birth, the knockout mice had lower mean brain 5-HT levels and normal mean platelet 5-HT levels. Also, at 3 days after birth, the mean tryptophan levels in the brain, duodenum and blood of the knockout mice were around 30% lower than those of the wild-type mice. By 2 weeks after birth, the mean brain 5-HT levels of the knockout mice normalized, but their mean platelet 5-HT levels became 24% higher than normal. The possible causes of these dynamic shifts were explored by examining correlations between central and peripheral levels of 5-HT, 5-HIAA and tryptophan. The results are discussed in relation to the possible role of 5-HT in the ontogeny of autism.
C1 Yale Univ, Sch Med, Dept Neurobiol, New Haven, CT USA.
Yale Univ, Sch Med, Yale Child Study Ctr, New Haven, CT USA.
RP Janusonis, S (reprint author), Univ Calif Santa Barbara, Dept Psychol, Santa Barbara, CA 93106 USA.
EM janusonis@psych.ucsb.edu
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NR 60
TC 31
Z9 32
PU BLACKWELL PUBLISHING
PI OXFORD
PA 9600 GARSINGTON RD, OXFORD OX4 2DQ, OXON, ENGLAND
SN 0022-3042
J9 J NEUROCHEM
JI J. Neurochem.
PD NOV
PY 2006
VL 99
IS 3
BP 1019
EP 1031
DI 10.1111/j.1471-4159.2006.04150.x
PG 13
WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Neurosciences
SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Neurosciences & Neurology
GA 095YV
UT WOS:000241345100031
PM 16981893
ER
PT J
AU Muskiet, FAJ
Kemperman, RFJ
AF Muskiet, Frits A. J.
Kemperman, Ramses F. J.
TI Folate and long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids in psychiatric disease
SO JOURNAL OF NUTRITIONAL BIOCHEMISTRY
LA English
DT Review
DE schizophrenia; autism; depression; folate; one-carbon metabolism; long
chain polyunsaturated fatty acids; epigenetics
ID ALPHA-LINOLENIC ACID; VISUAL RESOLUTION ACUITY; BRAIN GENE-EXPRESSION;
HEALTHY TERM INFANTS; NEURAL-TUBE DEFECTS; MONOZYGOTIC TWINS; PRETERM
INFANTS; SCHIZOPHRENIC-PATIENTS; DOCOSAHEXAENOIC ACID; DNA METHYLATION
AB Schizophrenia, autism and depression do not inherit by Mendel's law, and the search for a genetic basis seems unsuccessful. Schizophrenia and autism relate to low birth weight and pregnancy complications, which are associated with developmental adaptations by "programming". Epigenetics might constitute the basis of programming and depend on folate status and one-carbon metabolism in general. Early folate status of patients with schizophrenia might be compromised as suggested by (i) coinciding incidences of schizophrenia and neural tube defects (NTDs) in the Dutch hunger winter, (ii) coinciding seasonal fluctuations in birth of patients with schizophrenia and NTDs, (iii) higher schizophrenia incidence in immigrants and (iv) higher incidence in methylene tetrahydrofolate reductase 677C -> T homozygotes. Recent studies in schizophrenia and autism point at epigenctic silencing of critical genes or chromosomal loci. The long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids (LCPUFA), arachidonic acid (AA, from meat) and docosahexacnoic acid (fish) are components of brain phospholipids and modulators of signal transduction and gene expression. Patients with schizophrenia and, possibly, autism exhibit abnormal phospholipid metabolism that might cause local AA depletion and impaired eicosanoid-mediated signal transduction. National fish intakes relate inversely with major and postpartum depressions. Five out of six randomized controlled trials with eicosapentaenoic acid (fish) have shown positive effects in schizophrenia, and 4 of 6 were favorable in depression and bipolar disorders. We conclude that folate and LCPUFA might be important in both the etiology and severity of at least some psychiatric diseases. (c) 2006 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
C1 Univ Groningen, Med Ctr, Dept Pathol & Lab Med, NL-9700 RB Groningen, Netherlands.
Univ Groningen, Ctr Pharm, NL-9713 AV Groningen, Netherlands.
RP Kemperman, RFJ (reprint author), Univ Groningen, Med Ctr, Dept Pathol & Lab Med, POB 30-001, NL-9700 RB Groningen, Netherlands.
EM r.f.j.kemperman@rug.nl
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NR 121
TC 42
Z9 43
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC
PI NEW YORK
PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA
SN 0955-2863
J9 J NUTR BIOCHEM
JI J. Nutr. Biochem.
PD NOV
PY 2006
VL 17
IS 11
BP 717
EP 727
DI 10.1016/j.jnutbio.2006.02.001
PG 11
WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Nutrition & Dietetics
SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Nutrition & Dietetics
GA 100CN
UT WOS:000241644900001
PM 16650750
ER
PT J
AU Shastri, M
Alla, L
Sabaratnam, M
AF Shastri, Manan
Alla, Lakshmiramana
Sabaratnam, Manga
TI Aripiprazole use in individuals with intellectual disability and
psychotic or behaviourat disorders: a case series
SO JOURNAL OF PSYCHOPHARMACOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE aripiprazole; schizophrenia; intellectual disability; psychotic
disorders; behavioural disorders; challenging behaviour
ID MENTAL HANDICAP; PSYCHIATRIC-DISORDERS; SCHIZOPHRENIA; RETARDATION;
EPILEPSY; ILLNESS; ADULTS; DRUGS; TERM
AB People with intellectual disabilities may be at greater risk of developing movement disorders as a consequence of their underlying neurological damage, especially when they are treated with typical antipsychotic agents. Aripiprazole is a novel antipsychotic quinolone derivative that has been approved for the treatment of schizophrenia in adults. However, there are few reports on the use of aripiprazole in people with intellectual disabilities. Herein, we report on the use of aripiprazole in five individuals with intellectual disabilities and psychotic illness (four cases) or challenging behaviour (one case). Four of the five patients had an additional diagnosis of schizophrenia and one had autism spectrum disorder and challenging behaviour. Issues related to the usefulness of aripiprazole in the management of schizophrenia and challenging behaviour in people with intellectual disabilities are also discussed. Aripiprazole was well tolerated and effective in each of the cases and appears to be a safe and efficacious alternative in the management of patients with both intellectual disabilities and schizophrenia. It can also be a useful treatment option in the management of challenging behaviour, especially when it is used as a part of a biopsychosocial approach.
C1 Ealing Community Team People Intellectual Disabil, London W7 6PB, England.
Three Bridges Reg Secure Unit, London, England.
RP Sabaratnam, M (reprint author), Ealing Community Team People Intellectual Disabil, 62 Green Lane, London W7 6PB, England.
EM manga.sabaratnam@ealingpct.nhs.uk
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NR 23
TC 13
Z9 13
PU SAGE PUBLICATIONS LTD
PI LONDON
PA 1 OLIVERS YARD, 55 CITY ROAD, LONDON EC1Y 1SP, ENGLAND
SN 0269-8811
J9 J PSYCHOPHARMACOL
JI J. Psychopharmacol.
PD NOV
PY 2006
VL 20
IS 6
BP 863
EP 867
DI 10.1177/0269881106067765
PG 5
WC Clinical Neurology; Neurosciences; Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Psychiatry
SC Neurosciences & Neurology; Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Psychiatry
GA 108EZ
UT WOS:000242224400016
PM 16891339
ER
PT J
AU Friedlander, AH
Vagiela, JA
Paterno, VI
Mahler, ME
AF Friedlander, Arthur H.
Vagiela, John A.
Paterno, Victoria I.
Mahler, Michael E.
TI The neuropathology, medical management and dental implications of autism
SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN DENTAL ASSOCIATION
LA English
DT Review
DE autism; neurodevelopmental disorders; Asperger's syndrome; pervasive
developmental disorder; adverse effects; dental treatment
ID ADVERSE DRUG-INTERACTIONS; DEVELOPMENTAL DISORDERS; SPECTRUM DISORDERS;
SLEEP PROBLEMS; CHILDREN; FAMILIES; DIAGNOSIS; PREVALENCE; SYMPTOMS;
PATTERNS
AB Background. A paucity of information exists in the dental literature about autism and its dental implications.
Types of Studies Reviewed. The authors conducted a MEDLINE search for the period 2000 through 2006, using the term "autism," with the aim of defining the condition's clinical manifestations, dental and medical treatment and dental implications.
Results. Autism is a severe developmental. brain disorder that appears in infancy, persists throughout life, and is characterized by impaired social interaction, abnormalities in communication (both verbal and nonverbal and restricted interests. Often accompanying the disorder are behavioral disturbances-such as self-mutilation, aggression, psychiatric symptoms and seizures-that necessitate the administration of multiple medications to help the affected person participate effectively in the educational and rehabilitative process.
Clinical Implications. Dentists caring for people with autism must be familiar with the manifestations of the, disease and its associated features so that they can garner the maximum level of patient cooperation. They also must be familiar with the medications used to treat the associated features of the disorder because many of them cause untoward orofacial and systemic reactions and may precipitate adverse interactions with dental therapeutic agents.
C1 VA Greater Los Angeles Healthcare Syst, Los Angeles, CA 90073 USA.
RP Friedlander, AH (reprint author), VA Greater Los Angeles Healthcare Syst, 11301 Wilshire Blvd, Los Angeles, CA 90073 USA.
EM arthur.friedlander@med.va.gov
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World Health Organisation, 1992, ICD 10 INT STAT CLAS
WYNN RL, 2003, DRUG INFORMATION HDB
NR 102
TC 31
Z9 32
PU AMER DENTAL ASSN
PI CHICAGO
PA 211 E CHICAGO AVE, CHICAGO, IL 60611 USA
SN 0002-8177
J9 J AM DENT ASSOC
JI J. Am. Dent. Assoc.
PD NOV
PY 2006
VL 137
IS 11
BP 1517
EP 1527
PG 11
WC Dentistry, Oral Surgery & Medicine
SC Dentistry, Oral Surgery & Medicine
GA 108MY
UT WOS:000242245100020
PM 17082277
ER
PT J
AU Talero-Gutierrez, C
AF Talero-Gutierrez, Claudia
TI Hyperlexia in Spanish-speaking children: Report of 2 cases from
Colombia, South America
SO JOURNAL OF THE NEUROLOGICAL SCIENCES
LA English
DT Article
DE hyperlexia; dyslexia; autism; speech; language development; Spanish
ID WORD; SKILLS
AB Hyperlexia is a condition rarely reported in Spanish-speaking children, characterized by the ability to recognize written words without formal training. We present two unrelated autistic children with hyperlexia from Colombia (South America) who were followed for 8 years with formal neuropsychological evaluations of language, motor skills, visual perception, attention and behavior. Both children taught themselves to read before 5 years of age but showed minimal comprehension; both displayed obsessional reading and difficulties in social skills and attention. Brain CT scans were normal. Hyperlexia has been associated with hyperactivation of the left superior temporal cortex; we conclude that the orthographic route is a probable mechanism for the development of hyperlexia. (c) 2006 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
C1 Colegio Mayor Nuestra Senora Rosario, Sch Med, Neurosci Unit, Grp Neurosci, Bogota, Colombia.
RP Talero-Gutierrez, C (reprint author), Calle 63D 24-31, Bogota, Colombia.
EM cltalero@urosario.edu.co
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NR 20
TC 1
Z9 1
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0022-510X
J9 J NEUROL SCI
JI J. Neurol. Sci.
PD NOV 1
PY 2006
VL 249
IS 1
BP 39
EP 45
DI 10.1016/j.jns.2006.05.058
PG 7
WC Clinical Neurology; Neurosciences
SC Neurosciences & Neurology
GA 111RP
UT WOS:000242472300007
PM 16843492
ER
PT J
AU Kern, JK
Jones, AM
AF Kern, Janet K.
Jones, Anne M.
TI Evidence of toxicity, oxidative stress, and neuronal insult in autism
SO JOURNAL OF TOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH-PART B-CRITICAL REVIEWS
LA English
DT Review
ID PERVASIVE DEVELOPMENTAL DISORDERS; ANTIOXIDATIVE ENZYME-ACTIVITIES;
INCREASED LIPID-PEROXIDATION; FIBRILLARY ACIDIC PROTEIN; CEREBELLAR
PURKINJE-CELLS; BRAIN VOLUME; SPECTRUM DISORDERS; HEAD CIRCUMFERENCE;
OLIVOPONTOCEREBELLAR ATROPHY; SELECTIVE VULNERABILITY
AB According to the Autism Society of America, autism is now considered to be an epidemic. The increase in the rate of autism revealed by epidemiological studies and government reports implicates the importance of external or environmental factors that may be changing. This article discusses the evidence for the case that some children with autism may become autistic from neuronal cell death or brain damage sometime after birth as result of insult; and addresses the hypotheses that toxicity and oxidative stress may be a cause of neuronal insult in autism. The article first describes the Purkinje cell loss found in autism, Purkinje cell physiology and vulnerability, and the evidence for postnatal cell loss. Second, the article describes the increased brain volume in autism and how it may be related to the Purkinje cell loss. Third, the evidence for toxicity and oxidative stress is covered and the possible involvement of glutathione is discussed. Finally, the article discusses what may be happening over the course of development and the multiple factors that may interplay and make these children more vulnerable to toxicity, oxidative stress, and neuronal insult.
C1 Univ Texas, SW Med Ctr, Dept Psychiat, Dallas, TX 75390 USA.
RP Kern, JK (reprint author), Univ Texas, SW Med Ctr, Dept Psychiat, 6363 Forest Pk Rd,Suite 13-354, Dallas, TX 75390 USA.
EM janet.kern@UTSouthwestern.edu; anne.jones@utsouthwestern.edu
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TC 109
Z9 114
PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC
PI PHILADELPHIA
PA 325 CHESTNUT ST, SUITE 800, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA
SN 1093-7404
J9 J TOXICOL ENV HEAL B
JI J. Toxicol. Env. Health-Pt b-Crit. Rev.
PD NOV-DEC
PY 2006
VL 9
IS 6
BP 485
EP 499
DI 10.1080/10937400600882079
PG 15
WC Environmental Sciences; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health;
Toxicology
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Public, Environmental & Occupational
Health; Toxicology
GA 102NR
UT WOS:000241819400003
PM 17090484
ER
PT J
AU Ogawa, H
Baba, Y
Suzutani, T
Inoue, N
Fukushima, E
Omori, K
AF Ogawa, Hiroshi
Baba, Yoko
Suzutani, Tatsuo
Inoue, Naoki
Fukushima, Eiko
Omori, Koichi
TI Congenital cytomegalovirus infection diagnosed by polymerase chain
reaction with the use of preserved umbilical cord in sensorineural
hearing loss children
SO LARYNGOSCOPE
LA English
DT Article
DE cytomegalovirus infection; sensorineural hearing loss; polymerase chain
reaction
AB Objectives/Hypothesis: Congenital cytomegalovirus (CMV) infection is estimated to account for 30% of sensorineural hearing loss (SNHL) cases. Differences in clinical characteristics between CMV-related and unrelated SNHL cases were scrutinized. Methods. Using dried umbilical cord, we have recently developed a polymerase chain reaction (PCR)-based assay for the retrospective detection of congenital CMV infection. Medical records of 7 CMV-related patients identified from 31 SNHL patients by the assay were evaluated for the following: type and degree of hearing impairment, computed tomographic scan results, mental retardation, cerebral palsy, autism, and other multiple disorders. Results. Clinical characteristics of the seven CMV-related SNHL cases were as follows: 1) six of the seven exhibited severe bilateral SNHL, whereas one had severe unilateral SNHL in the right ear. Although the hearing levels of CMV-related patients were more greatly impaired than those of CMV-negative patients, there was no hearing impairment pattern specific to the CMV-related patients; 2) five patients had mental retardation, which was more frequent than in CMV-negative patients; 3) birth weights of the CMV-positive cases were relatively lower. Discussion: Although CMV-positive cases are clinically indistinguishable from CMV-negative cases, our PCR system allowed the retrospective diagnosis of CMV-related SNHL. Conclusion. CMV-related SNHL tends to accompany mental retardation and low birth weight more frequently than does CMV-negative SNHL.
C1 Fukushima Med Univ, Dept Otolaryngol, Fukushima, Japan.
Fukushima Med Univ, Dept Microbiol, Fukushima, Japan.
Fukushima Rehabil Ctr, Dept Otolaryngol, Fukushima, Japan.
Natl Inst Infect Dis, Dept Virol, Tokyo, Japan.
RP Ogawa, H (reprint author), Fukushima Med Univ, Dept Otolaryngol, Fukushima, Japan.
EM hmmjs@fmu.ac.jp
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NR 16
TC 16
Z9 17
PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS
PI PHILADELPHIA
PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA
SN 0023-852X
J9 LARYNGOSCOPE
JI Laryngoscope
PD NOV
PY 2006
VL 116
IS 11
BP 1991
EP 1994
DI 10.1097/01.mlg.0000237633.28017.62
PG 4
WC Medicine, Research & Experimental; Otorhinolaryngology
SC Research & Experimental Medicine; Otorhinolaryngology
GA 102JG
UT WOS:000241806300011
PM 17075419
ER
PT J
AU Reboul, A
AF Reboul, Anne
TI HOT theories of meaning: The link between language and theory of mind
SO MIND & LANGUAGE
LA English
DT Article
ID AUTISM
AB Gluer and Pagin (2003) have claimed that autistic speakers are a counterexample to HOT theories of meaning and communication. Through analysis of their argument and a re-examination of the literature, I show that autistic speakers are not a counterexample to HOT theories, but, conversely, that such theories are necessary to account for their communicative peculiarities.
C1 CNRS, Inst Cognit Sci, UMR 5015, Pragmat & Cognit Res Team, F-69675 Bron, France.
RP Reboul, A (reprint author), CNRS, Inst Cognit Sci, UMR 5015, Pragmat & Cognit Res Team, 67 Bd Pinel, F-69675 Bron, France.
EM reboul@isc.cnrs.fr
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NR 16
TC 0
Z9 0
PU BLACKWELL PUBLISHING
PI OXFORD
PA 9600 GARSINGTON RD, OXFORD OX4 2DQ, OXON, ENGLAND
SN 0268-1064
J9 MIND LANG
JI Mind Lang.
PD NOV
PY 2006
VL 21
IS 5
BP 587
EP 596
DI 10.1111/j.1468-0017.2006.00293.x
PG 10
WC Linguistics; Psychology, Experimental
SC Linguistics; Psychology
GA 099VT
UT WOS:000241626000004
ER
PT J
AU Schellenberg, GD
Dawson, G
Sung, YJ
Estes, A
Munson, J
Rosenthal, E
Rothstein, J
Flodman, P
Smith, M
Coon, H
Leong, L
Yu, CE
Stodgell, C
Rodier, PM
Spence, MA
Minshew, N
McMahon, WM
Wijsman, EM
AF Schellenberg, G. D.
Dawson, G.
Sung, Y. J.
Estes, A.
Munson, J.
Rosenthal, E.
Rothstein, J.
Flodman, P.
Smith, M.
Coon, H.
Leong, L.
Yu, C-E
Stodgell, C.
Rodier, P. M.
Spence, M. A.
Minshew, N.
McMahon, W. M.
Wijsman, E. M.
TI Evidence for multiple loci from a genome scan of autism kindreds
SO MOLECULAR PSYCHIATRY
LA English
DT Article
DE autism; autism spectrum disorder; linkage; genome scan; chromosome 7
ID SUSCEPTIBILITY GENE; TRANSLOCATION BREAKPOINT; DIAGNOSTIC INTERVIEW;
SPECTRUM DISORDERS; INFANTILE-AUTISM; LINKAGE ANALYSIS; CHROMOSOME 7Q;
SCREEN; SUPPORT; IDENTIFICATION
AB We performed a genome-wide linkage scan using highly polymorphic microsatellite markers. To minimize genetic heterogeneity, we focused on sibpairs meeting the strict diagnosis of autism. In our primary analyses, we observed a strong linkage signal (P= 0.0006, 133.16 cM) on chromosome 7q at a location coincident with other linkage studies. When a more relaxed diagnostic criteria was used, linkage evidence at this location was weaker (P = 0.01). The sample was stratified into families with only male affected subjects ( MO) and families with at least one female affected subject (FC). The strongest signal unique to the MO group was on chromosome 11 (P = 0.0009, 83.82 cM), and for the FC group on chromosome 4 (P = 0.002, 111.41 cM). We also divided the sample into regression positive and regression negative families. The regression-positive group showed modest linkage signals on chromosomes 10 ( P= 0.003, 0 cM) and 14 ( P = 0.005, 104.2 cM). More significant peaks were seen in the regression negative group on chromosomes 3 ( P= 0.0002, 140.06 cM) and 4 ( P = 0.0005, 111.41 cM). Finally, we used language acquisition data as a quantitative trait in our linkage analysis and observed a chromosome 9 signal ( 149.01 cM) of P = 0.00006 and an empirical P-value of 0.0008 at the same location. Our work provides strong conformation for an autism locus on 7q and suggestive evidence for several other chromosomal locations. Diagnostic specificity and detailed analysis of the autism phenotype is critical for identifying autism loci.
C1 Puget Sound Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Ctr Geriatr Res Educ & Clin, Seattle, WA 98108 USA.
Univ Washington, Dept Med, Seattle, WA 98195 USA.
Univ Washington, Dept Neurol, Seattle, WA 98195 USA.
Univ Washington, Dept Pharmacol, Seattle, WA 98195 USA.
Univ Washington, Dept Psychol, Seattle, WA 98195 USA.
Univ Washington, Ctr Human Dev & Disabil, Seattle, WA 98195 USA.
Univ Washington, Dept Psychiat & Behav Sci, Seattle, WA 98195 USA.
Univ Washington, Dept Med, Div Med Genet, Seattle, WA 98195 USA.
Univ Washington, Dept Biostat, Seattle, WA 98195 USA.
Univ Calif Irvine, Dept Pediat, Irvine, CA 92717 USA.
Univ Utah, Dept Psychiat, Div Child & Adolescent Psychiat, Salt Lake City, UT 84112 USA.
Univ Rochester, Med Ctr, Dept OB GYN, Rochester, NY 14627 USA.
Univ Pittsburgh, Dept Psychiat, Pittsburgh, PA 15260 USA.
RP Schellenberg, GD (reprint author), Vet Affairs Med Ctr, 182B,1660 S Columbian Rd, Seattle, WA 98108 USA.
EM zachdad@u.washington.edu
RI Stodgell, Christopher/A-1161-2007
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NR 60
TC 71
Z9 76
PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP
PI LONDON
PA MACMILLAN BUILDING, 4 CRINAN ST, LONDON N1 9XW, ENGLAND
SN 1359-4184
J9 MOL PSYCHIATR
JI Mol. Psychiatr.
PD NOV
PY 2006
VL 11
IS 11
BP 1049
EP 1060
DI 10.1038/sj.mp.4001874
PG 12
WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Neurosciences; Psychiatry
SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Neurosciences & Neurology; Psychiatry
GA 099FG
UT WOS:000241578100009
PM 16880825
ER
PT J
AU Hughes, V
AF Hughes, Virginia
TI A shot of fear
SO NATURE MEDICINE
LA English
DT News Item
AB Spooked by reports that vaccines might cause diseases such as autism, many parents choose not to vaccinate their kids. But when their decision endangers others, asks Virginia Hughes, should the government step in?
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2006, NAT MED, V355, P447
NR 6
TC 2
Z9 2
PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP
PI NEW YORK
PA 75 VARICK STREET, 9TH FLOOR, NEW YORK, NY 10013-1917 USA
SN 1078-8956
J9 NAT MED
JI Nat. Med.
PD NOV
PY 2006
VL 12
IS 11
BP 1228
EP 1229
DI 10.1038/nm1106-1228
PG 2
WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Cell Biology; Medicine, Research &
Experimental
SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Cell Biology; Research & Experimental
Medicine
GA 102WU
UT WOS:000241844900007
PM 17088878
ER
PT J
AU Lee, LC
Zachary, AA
Leffell, MS
Newschaffer, CJ
Matteson, KJ
Tyler, JD
Zimmerman, AW
AF Lee, Li-Ching
Zachary, Andrea A.
Leffell, Mary S.
Newschaffer, Craig J.
Matteson, Karla J.
Tyler, John D.
Zimmerman, Andrew W.
TI HLA-DR4 in families with autism
SO PEDIATRIC NEUROLOGY
LA English
DT Article
ID PERVASIVE DEVELOPMENTAL DISORDERS; RHEUMATOID-ARTHRITIS; SPECTRUM
DISORDER; ASSOCIATION; MHC; LOCUS; DRB1; DR4
AB Autoimmune disorders are observed with increased frequency among parents of individuals with autism, particularly mothers. Because there is evidence supporting an association between autoimmune disorders and specific alleles of the human leukocyte antigen (HLA) system, we examined HLA types and subtypes in families with autism. Two groups were studied: 16 families selected from a geographically defined area in eastern Tennessee have males with a diagnosis of autism; and 33 families selected across all regions in the United States have multiple males having autism diagnosis. The HLA-DR4 frequencies of mothers, fathers, and children in these two groups were compared with a reference series of 475 normal, unrelated Caucasians. Results of HLA typing indicated that mothers and their sons in the geographically defined group had a significantly higher frequency of DR4 than normal control subjects (odds ratio = 5.54, 95% confidence interval = 1.74-18.67 and odds ratio = 4.20, 95% confidence interval = 1.37-13.27, respectively). No significant difference in the distribution of HLA alleles was evident between the United States-all region group and control subjects. Findings of this study are consistent with a hypothesis that prenatal maternal-fetal immune interaction can affect fetal brain development in a population residing in a geographically defined region. Such immune interactions may involve HLA and related genes in both genetic and epigenetic mechanisms during pregnancy. (c) 2006 by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
C1 Johns Hopkins Univ, Bloomberg Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Epidemiol, Ctr Autism & Dev Disabil, Baltimore, MD 21205 USA.
Johns Hopkins Univ, Sch Med, Immunogenet Lab, Baltimore, MD 21205 USA.
Univ Tennessee, Med Ctr, Dev & Genet Ctr, Knoxville, TN USA.
Univ Tennessee, Med Ctr, Transplant Lab, Knoxville, TN USA.
Kennedy Krieger Inst, Dept Neurol & Dev Med, Baltimore, MD USA.
RP Lee, LC (reprint author), Johns Hopkins Univ, Bloomberg Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Epidemiol, Ctr Autism & Dev Disabil, 615 N Wolfe St,Suite E6032, Baltimore, MD 21205 USA.
EM llee2@jhsph.edu
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NR 30
TC 51
Z9 52
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC
PI NEW YORK
PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA
SN 0887-8994
J9 PEDIATR NEUROL
JI Pediatr. Neurol.
PD NOV
PY 2006
VL 35
IS 5
BP 303
EP 307
DI 10.1016/j.pediatrneurol.2006.06.006
PG 5
WC Clinical Neurology; Pediatrics
SC Neurosciences & Neurology; Pediatrics
GA 105ND
UT WOS:000242036100001
PM 17074598
ER
PT J
AU Landrigan, PJ
Trasande, L
Thorpe, LE
Gwynn, C
Lioy, PJ
D'Alton, ME
Lipkind, HS
Swanson, J
Wadhwa, PD
Clark, EB
Rauh, VA
Perera, FP
Susser, E
AF Landrigan, Philip J.
Trasande, Leonardo
Thorpe, Lorna E.
Gwynn, Charon
Lioy, Paul J.
D'Alton, Mary E.
Lipkind, Heather S.
Swanson, James
Wadhwa, Pathik D.
Clark, Edward B.
Rauh, Virginia A.
Perera, Frederica P.
Susser, Ezra
TI The National Children's Study: A 21-year prospective study of 100 000
American children
SO PEDIATRICS
LA English
DT Review
DE National Children's Study; epidemiology; asthma;
attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder; autism; schizophrenia; obesity
ID CORONARY HEART-DISEASE; TESTICULAR DYSGENESIS SYNDROME; IMPAIRED
GLUCOSE-TOLERANCE; ABDOMINAL-WALL DEFECTS; ADULT-BLOOD PRESSURE;
INNER-CITY HOMES; BONE LEAD LEVELS; PHYSICAL-ACTIVITY;
ENVIRONMENTAL-HEALTH; RISK-FACTORS
AB Prospective, multiyear epidemiologic studies have proven to be highly effective in discovering preventable risk factors for chronic disease. Investigations such as the Framingham Heart Study have produced blueprints for disease prevention and saved millions of lives and billions of dollars. To discover preventable environmental risk factors for disease in children, the US Congress directed the National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, through the Children's Health Act of 2000, to conduct the National Children's Study. The National Children's Study is hypothesis-driven and will seek information on environmental risks and individual susceptibility factors for asthma, birth defects, dyslexia, attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder, autism, schizophrenia, and obesity, as well as for adverse birth outcomes. It will be conducted in a nationally representative, prospective cohort of 100 000 US-born children. Children will be followed from conception to 21 years of age. Environmental exposures (chemical, physical, biological, and psychosocial) will be assessed repeatedly during pregnancy and throughout childhood in children's homes, schools, and communities. Chemical assays will be performed by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, and banks of biological and environmental samples will be established for future analyses. Genetic material will be collected on each mother and child and banked to permit study of gene-environment interactions. Recruitment is scheduled to begin in 2007 at 7 Vanguard Sites and will extend to 105 sites across the United States. The National Children's Study will generate multiple satellite studies that explore methodologic issues, etiologic questions, and potential interventions. It will provide training for the next generation of researchers and practitioners in environmental pediatrics and will link to planned and ongoing prospective birth cohort studies in other nations. Data from the National Children's Study will guide development of a comprehensive blueprint for disease prevention in children.
C1 Ctr Childrens Hlth & Environm, Dept Community & Prevent Med, Mt Sinai Sch Med, New York, NY 10029 USA.
Mt Sinai Sch Med, Dept Pediat, New York, NY USA.
New York City Dept Hlth & Mental Hyg, Div Epidemiol, New York, NY USA.
Univ Med & Dent New Jersey, Environm & Occupat Hlth & Safety Inst, Piscataway, NJ 08854 USA.
Columbia Univ, Med Ctr, Div Maternal Fetal Med, New York, NY USA.
Univ Calif Irvine, Dept Pediat, Irvine, CA 92717 USA.
Univ Calif Irvine, Dept Psychiat & Human Behav, Irvine, CA 92717 USA.
Univ Utah, Dept Pediat, Salt Lake City, UT USA.
Mailman Sch Publ Hlth, Heilbrunn Dept Populat & Family Hlth, Dept Environm Hlth Sci, New York, NY USA.
Mailman Sch Publ Hlth, Heilbrunn Dept Populat & Family Hlth, Dept Epidemiol, New York, NY USA.
RP Landrigan, PJ (reprint author), Ctr Childrens Hlth & Environm, Dept Community & Prevent Med, Mt Sinai Sch Med, 1 Gustave L Levy Pl,POB 1057, New York, NY 10029 USA.
EM phil.landrigan@mssm.edu
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NR 156
TC 99
Z9 104
PU AMER ACAD PEDIATRICS
PI ELK GROVE VILLAGE
PA 141 NORTH-WEST POINT BLVD,, ELK GROVE VILLAGE, IL 60007-1098 USA
SN 0031-4005
J9 PEDIATRICS
JI Pediatrics
PD NOV
PY 2006
VL 118
IS 5
BP 2173
EP 2186
DI 10.1542/peds.2006-0360
PG 14
WC Pediatrics
SC Pediatrics
GA 101HK
UT WOS:000241731700044
PM 17079592
ER
PT J
AU Ellis, EM
Ala'i-Rosales, SS
Glenn, SS
Rosales-Ruiz, J
Greenspoon, J
AF Ellis, Ellyn M.
Ala'i-Rosales, Shahla S.
Glenn, Sigrid S.
Rosales-Ruiz, Jesus
Greenspoon, Joel
TI The effects of graduated exposure, modeling, and contingent social
attention on tolerance to skin care products with two children with
autism
SO RESEARCH IN DEVELOPMENTAL DISABILITIES
LA English
DT Article
DE skin care products; graduated exposure; autism; modeling
ID TACTILE DEFENSIVENESS; BEHAVIOR ANALYSIS; REINFORCEMENT; PHOBIAS; SCALE
AB Children with autism may display unusual or fearful responses to common stimuli, such as skin care products. Parents of children with autism have often reported that their children will not allow the application of these types of substances to their skin and if the parent persists, the children become extremely upset and anxious. Such responding can interfere with adaptive functioning. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effects of a treatment package involving graduated exposure to steps in an avoidance hierarchy, modeling, and social attention on the responding of two children with autism who displayed fearful responses to skin care products. Both avoidance and acceptance responses to skin care products were measured. Both changing criteria and multiple baseline experimental designs were employed to assess the effects of the intervention package. The results suggest that the package was successful in teaching tolerance of skin products for both children. (c) 2005 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
C1 Univ N Texas, Dept Behav Anal, Denton, TX 76203 USA.
RP Ala'i-Rosales, SS (reprint author), Univ N Texas, Dept Behav Anal, POB 310919, Denton, TX 76203 USA.
EM srosates@scs.unt.edu
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NR 22
TC 9
Z9 9
PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND
SN 0891-4222
J9 RES DEV DISABIL
JI Res. Dev. Disabil.
PD NOV-DEC
PY 2006
VL 27
IS 6
BP 585
EP 598
DI 10.1016/j.ridd.2005.05.009
PG 14
WC Education, Special; Rehabilitation
SC Education & Educational Research; Rehabilitation
GA 097RC
UT WOS:000241464900001
PM 16242911
ER
PT J
AU Dickson, CA
Wang, SS
Lombard, KM
Dube, WV
AF Dickson, Chata A.
Wang, Sharon S.
Lombard, Kristin M.
Dube, William V.
TI Overselective stimulus control in residential school students with
intellectual disabilities
SO RESEARCH IN DEVELOPMENTAL DISABILITIES
LA English
DT Article
DE stimulus overselectivity; developmental disabilities; residential
schools; discrimination learning; matching to sample; autism
ID OVER-SELECTIVITY; MENTAL-RETARDATION; RETARDED-CHILDREN; YOUNG-CHILDREN;
ATTENTION; AUTISM; ADULTS; ADOLESCENTS; SAMPLE
AB Overselective stimulus control was assessed in 29 students at residential schools for individuals with developmental disabilities. Overselectivity testing included three different delayed identity matching-to-sample tasks. Sample stimuli for the Form/Color Test were nine possible combinations of three colors and three forms. On each trial, the S+ stimulus was identical to the sample, one S- was the same color as the sample but a different form, and the other S- was the same form but a different color. Sample stimuli for the Two-Sample Test were two alphanumeric characters. The S+ stimulus was identical to one of the sample stimuli, and two S- stimuli were characters different from both samples. Sample stimuli for the Faces Test were six digital images of adult faces. On each trial, the S+ stimulus was identical to the sample, one S-stimulus was a non-matching face to which one sample feature had been added (e.g., an identical hat or scarf), and the other S-stimulus was an unaltered non-matching face. All participants were also tested with the Peabody Picture Vocabulary Test HI (PPVT) and the Autism Diagnostic Observation Schedule (ADOS). Results indicated overselective stimulus control on at least one test for 18 of the 29 participants. Overselectivity (a) was distributed across a range of PPVT mental age equivalent scores from < 1.75 to 8.83; (b) was more likely in individuals with higher ADOS scores; (c) was most likely on the Two-Sample Test; and (d) was found in five individuals on more than one of the tests. Thus, overselective stimulus control may occur across a range of characteristics typical for students who attend residential special-education programs. (c) 2005 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
C1 UMMS Shriver Ctr, Psychol Sci Div, Waltham, MA 02452 USA.
RP Dube, WV (reprint author), UMMS Shriver Ctr, Psychol Sci Div, 200 Trapelo Rd, Waltham, MA 02452 USA.
EM william.dube@umassmed.edu
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NR 28
TC 16
Z9 16
PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND
SN 0891-4222
J9 RES DEV DISABIL
JI Res. Dev. Disabil.
PD NOV-DEC
PY 2006
VL 27
IS 6
BP 618
EP 631
DI 10.1016/j.ridd.2005.07.004
PG 14
WC Education, Special; Rehabilitation
SC Education & Educational Research; Rehabilitation
GA 097RC
UT WOS:000241464900004
PM 16290082
ER
PT J
AU Sidener, TM
Shabani, DB
Carr, JE
Roland, JP
AF Sidener, Tina M.
Shabani, Daniel B.
Carr, James E.
Roland, Jonathan P.
TI An evaluation of strategies to maintain mands at practical levels
SO RESEARCH IN DEVELOPMENTAL DISABILITIES
LA English
DT Article
DE mands; developmental disabilities; autism; communication training;
multiple schedules; stimuli; control; delayed reinforcement
ID DELAYED REINFORCEMENT
AB In order to teach individuals with developmental disabilities to request stimuli they are motivated to obtain (mand), it is often necessary to initially deliver the item requested immediately and frequently. This may result in an undesirably high rate of mands that is impractical to maintain. The purpose of the current investigation was to extend the findings of previous research on the maintenance of low-rate mands within a communication-training context for children diagnosed with autism by evaluating the efficacy of two procedures: (1) signaled del ay-to-reinforcement and (2) multiple schedules. The results of our evaluation of multiple schedules replicated those of previous research; this arrangement was found for all participants to be effective in maintaining mands, at low rates under multiple schedules with a 270-s extinction component and 30-s reinforcement component. For all participants, signaled delay-to-reinforcement was ineffective in maintaining mands at the terminal criterion, a 270-s delay. (c) 2005 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
C1 Western Michigan Univ, Dept Psychol, Kalamazoo, MI 49008 USA.
RP Carr, JE (reprint author), Western Michigan Univ, Dept Psychol, 1903 W Michigan Ave, Kalamazoo, MI 49008 USA.
EM jim.carr@wmich.edu
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NR 20
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Z9 6
PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND
SN 0891-4222
J9 RES DEV DISABIL
JI Res. Dev. Disabil.
PD NOV-DEC
PY 2006
VL 27
IS 6
BP 632
EP 644
DI 10.1016/j.ridd.2005.08.002
PG 13
WC Education, Special; Rehabilitation
SC Education & Educational Research; Rehabilitation
GA 097RC
UT WOS:000241464900005
PM 16298103
ER
PT J
AU Jesus, M
Garcia, M
Gomez-Becerra, I
Chavez-Brown, M
Greer, D
AF Jesus, Maria
Garcia, Martin
Gomez-Becerra, Inmaculada
Chavez-Brown, Mapy
Greer, Douglas
TI Perspective taking and theory of the mind: conceptual and empirical
issues. A complementary and pragmatic proposal
SO SALUD MENTAL
LA Spanish
DT Article
DE perspective taking; theory of mind; concepts; evidence; etiology;
functional-contextual analysis
ID HIGH-FUNCTIONING AUTISM; NORMAL SEX-DIFFERENCES; CHILDS THEORY;
MENTAL-RETARDATION; ASPERGER-SYNDROME; FALSE BELIEF; FACIAL EXPRESSIONS;
EMPATHY QUOTIENT; INDIVIDUALS; REPRESENTATION
AB The present work completes an exhaustive revision of the delimitation of the ability of perspective taking from different points of view. First, perspective taking is defined as the ability of an individual to interpret his/hers emotional and mental states and those of others. Additionally, the term has also been used in medical settings to refer to a tactic intended to stop certain limiting feeling and/or thoughts and instead move feelings and thoughts towards a different direction. At the same time, perspective taking is considered to be at the heart of psychological phenomena such as empathy, that is, the capacity to distinguish what individuals know about themselves in a certain situation (how someone thinks, feels and behaves), self-awareness, interpersonal relations, and various social skills deficits.
Second, this ability is conceptualized as a meta-cognition and it is assumed that the object of study, is the theory of the mind.
Third, from a developmental perspective, data have shown that children four to five years old, without any psychological disabilities, have the ability to take somebody else's perspective. We reviewed different studies regarding the development of the abilities to express and interpret emotions as precursors to perspective taking.
Subsequently, we revised and analyzed the tests or strategies most commonly used to evaluate the ability of perspective taking. Typically, the capacity of an individual to have "a theory of the mind" is determined through tests of false beliefs (such as the classic test of Sally-Anne, the "Smarties" test, "M&M's" and the "Maxi's" Test). Multiple variations of the tests of false beliefs have been conducted with flashcards or photographs, with characters in oral stories, and through the use of games. Additionally, over the last few years the focus of this body of research has evolved towards the elaboration and validation instruments to measure empathy. Among them are the tests of Empathy Quotient (EQ), the Friendship Questionnaire (FQ), and reading the "mind" in the eyes. It is important to note that these efforts have been focused mostly on individuals with Asperger's Syndrome or those with higher verbal capabilities.
From this latter perspective, we propose empirical evidence that points out to differences in the ability, of perspective taking between children with or without autism. This is also shown in the results of previous studies, in which different levels of perspective taking skills were seen between children diagnosed with autism, and those diagnosed with Down Syndrome. It is important to note that this was not true when their verbal skills were not considered as a variable. Like-wise, other studies showed that children with autism were not the only ones that failed the theory of the mind tests, but that these tests were also failed by those children with deficits in language and cognitive skills.
In this article, we present the results of a study that replicates previous findings which show that typical developing children perform better in perspective taking tests, followed by children diagnosed with Down Syndrome, and subsequently by children with autism. It was also noted that the typical developing children showed the highest level of verbal discrimination, followed by the children diagnosed with Down Syndrome, and finally the children diagnosed with autism. One important finding in this study is that all children benefited from the use of contextual prompts, which improved the number of correct responses across all the theory of the mind tests. Additionally, the data varied depending on the type of tests utilized to measure perspective taking skills.
In this article, we have also reviewed the different explanations for the origins and development of perspective taking, among which the theory of the mind prevails. The ability to take someone else's perspective is explained by the development or maturation of an innate and specialized module of representations and knowledge, and the formation of conceptual structures of a higher order or meta-representations. Additionally, the ability to ignore perceptual information, salient or not, and to combine simultaneously various contexts are considered prerequisites. In other words, perspective taking speaks to the relationship between psychological constructs such as perception and knowledge. Additionally, it has been hypothesized that shared, joint, or independent attention can be a prerequisite for conversation, and may be the basis of a theory of the mind. In any case, the origins of the development of such a theory have been especially ubiquitous in terms of the executive function and possible relations with cerebral lesions or alterations. However, some authors consider that the process of central coherence may be relatively independent of a theory of the mind.
The research of Baron-Cohen et al. has concentrated on identifying existing neurological deficits or organic changes such as bilateral lesions or the role of testosterone on the quality of social interactions and the restrictive social interests of individuals with autism. A similar interest exists in researching the difference in perspective taking and empathy abilities exhibited by members of the opposite sex. Continuing with the neurological foundations of the empathy is of full present time the discoveries regarding <> and this recent study with monkeys proposes a specific cerebral area for the formation of the meta-representation. These neurons discharge both when the individual performs an action and when the individual observes another person performing the same action. Finally, even in the light of all the above, other sources point toward the social root of perspective taking skills. Additionally, as indicated by the research of Howlin, Baron-Cohen & Hadwin, it is considered perspective. taking includes five different levels: a) simple visual perspective taking, b) the knowledge that different individuals can have separately the same thoughts, and c) understanding that "seeing leads to learning," followed by d) the ability to predict actions based on valid beliefs, and finally e) the ability to predict false beliefs. In the light of all of the above, once the radical conclusions of these investigations are viewed critically, the theory of the mind is viewed as a disputable theory of the delimitation of the cause and development of such skills. In addition, to the perspective taking tests themselves, the prerequisite skills of perspective taking need to be extensively analyzed. In fact, it has been shown that, in order to have an adequate performance on these tests of false beliefs, individuals should be able: 1. to remember and adequately retell their own past desires, thoughts, and past actions; 2. to retain an object in their mind, perceive a second object, and form a relationship between the two, as in a "symbolic function"; 3. to demonstrate the ability to pretend; and 4. to identify the role of age and verbal abilities in children as pre-requisites for an accurate performance on tests of false beliefs, and interpretations of the world. Lastly, we propose a pragmatic and complementary analysis the Theory of Mind based in the functional-contextual analysis of behavior. First, it is considered that perspective taking requires or is closely related to other social behaviors (such as taking turns when talking, initiating verbal responses in interpersonal relations, and the capacity for empathy). In the same manner, theory of mind requires an adequate level of simple and complex conditional discriminations, and these should be analyzed in terms of stimulus control and equivalence relations. In other words, this ability to infer thoughts, feeling, and emotions of others exists if the following pre-requisites are present: 1. the processes of the classical conditioning of the emotions, 2. a generalized imitation, and 3. the development of functional classes. Without these experiences or the capability to be affected by them, children (i.e. children with generalized autism) do not develop language adequately. Second, perspective taking implies that an observer's previous experiences and observations with certain events determine his/her reaction to responses emitted by others in similar circumstances.
Finally, from a contextual perspective, it is considered that a speaker's relational frames play a role in this proess (for the discriminations I/you, here/there, now/later). These relational properties are abstracted through multiple exemplars or multiple learning opportunities to speak from one's own perspective in relation to others.
C1 Univ Almeria, Dept Personalidad Evaluac & Tratamiento Psicol, Almeria 04120, Spain.
Wagner Coll, New York, NY USA.
Columbia Univ, Coll Teachers, New York, NY 10027 USA.
RP Gomez-Becerra, I (reprint author), Univ Almeria, Dept Personalidad Evaluac & Tratamiento Psicol, Ctra Sacramento S-N La Canada de San Urbano, Almeria 04120, Spain.
EM igomez@ual.es
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NR 82
TC 0
Z9 0
PU INST MEX PSIQUIATRIA
PI MEXICO CITY
PA CALZ MEXICO-XOCHIMILCO #101, MEXICO CITY 22 DF, MEXICO
SN 0185-3325
J9 SALUD MENT
JI Salud Ment.
PD NOV-DEC
PY 2006
VL 29
IS 6
BP 5
EP 14
PG 10
WC Psychiatry
SC Psychiatry
GA 132LG
UT WOS:000243943700002
ER
PT J
AU Ramachandran, VS
Oberman, LM
AF Ramachandran, Vilayanur S.
Oberman, Lindsay M.
TI Broken mirrors - A theory of autism
SO SCIENTIFIC AMERICAN
LA English
DT Article
CR Hirstein W, 2001, P ROY SOC B-BIOL SCI, V268, P1883, DOI 10.1098/rspb.2001.1724
Oberman LM, 2005, COGNITIVE BRAIN RES, V24, P190, DOI 10.1016/j.cogbrainres.2005.01.014
Ramachandran V. S., 2005, BRIEF TOUR HUMAN CON
NR 3
TC 62
Z9 65
PU SCI AMERICAN INC
PI NEW YORK
PA 415 MADISON AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA
SN 0036-8733
J9 SCI AM
JI Sci.Am.
PD NOV
PY 2006
VL 295
IS 5
BP 62
EP 69
PG 8
WC Multidisciplinary Sciences
SC Science & Technology - Other Topics
GA 095OF
UT WOS:000241316500029
PM 17076085
ER
PT J
AU Singer, E
AF Singer, Emily
TI Biotech - On Autism's trail
SO TECHNOLOGY REVIEW
LA English
DT Article
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
PU MASS INST TECHNOL
PI CAMBRIDGE
PA TECHNOLOGY REVIEW, INC, ONE MAIN ST, 7TH FLOOR, CAMBRIDGE, MA 02142 USA
SN 1099-274X
J9 TECHNOL REV
JI Technol. Rev.
PD NOV-DEC
PY 2006
VL 109
IS 5
BP 24
EP 24
PG 1
WC Multidisciplinary Sciences
SC Science & Technology - Other Topics
GA 107EM
UT WOS:000242153500020
ER
PT J
AU Hardan, AY
Girgis, RR
Adams, J
Gilbert, AR
Keshavan, MS
Minshew, NJ
AF Hardan, Antonio Y.
Girgis, Ragy R.
Adams, Jason
Gilbert, Andrew R.
Keshavan, Matched S.
Minshew, Nancy J.
TI Abnormal brain size effect on the thalamus in autism
SO PSYCHIATRY RESEARCH-NEUROIMAGING
LA English
DT Article
DE thalamus; autism; MRI; brain volume; structural neuroimaging
ID MAGNETIC-RESONANCE; BASAL GANGLIA; MRI; VOLUME; ACTIVATION; INDIVIDUALS;
TOMOGRAPHY; PATTERNS; DISORDER; PATHWAY
AB This study was conducted to examine the volume of the thalamus in autism and to investigate the effect of brain size on this structure in an attempt to replicate, in a larger sample, findings from a previous study reporting the existence of a relationship between brain volume and thalamus in healthy controls but not in individuals with autism. Additionally, the relationships between thalamic volumes and clinical features were examined. Volumetric measurements of the right and left thalamic nuclei were performed on MRI scans obtained from 40 high-functioning individuals with autism (age range: 8-45 years) and 41 healthy controls (age range: 9-43 years). No differences were observed between the two groups for unadjusted thalamic volumes. However, the expected linear relationship between TBV and thalamic volume was not observed in individuals with autism. Furthermore, no correlations were observed between thalarnic volumes and clinical features. Findings from this larger study are consistent with the previous report of an abnormal brain size effect on the thalamus in autism and support the possibility of abnormal connections between cortical and subcortical structures in this disorder. (c) 2006 Elsevier Ireland Ltd. All rights reserved.
C1 Univ Pittsburgh, Dept Psychiat, Western Psychiat Inst & Clin, Sch Med, Pittsburgh, PA 15213 USA.
Columbia Univ, Coll Phys & Surg, Dept Psychiat, New York, NY 10027 USA.
New York State Psychiat Inst & Hosp, New York, NY 10032 USA.
Wayne State Univ, Dept Psychiat, Detroit, MI USA.
RP Hardan, AY (reprint author), Univ Pittsburgh, Dept Psychiat, Western Psychiat Inst & Clin, Sch Med, 3811 OHara St, Pittsburgh, PA 15213 USA.
EM hardanay@upmc.edu
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NR 40
TC 29
Z9 30
PU ELSEVIER IRELAND LTD
PI CLARE
PA ELSEVIER HOUSE, BROOKVALE PLAZA, EAST PARK SHANNON, CO, CLARE, 00000,
IRELAND
SN 0925-4927
J9 PSYCHIAT RES-NEUROIM
JI Psychiatry Res. Neuroimaging
PD OCT 30
PY 2006
VL 147
IS 2-3
BP 145
EP 151
DI 10.1016/j.pscychresns.2005.12.009
PG 7
WC Clinical Neurology; Neuroimaging; Psychiatry
SC Neurosciences & Neurology; Psychiatry
GA 095RX
UT WOS:000241326800006
PM 16945509
ER
PT J
AU Hampton, T
AF Hampton, Tracy
TI Autism initiative
SO JAMA-JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN MEDICAL ASSOCIATION
LA English
DT News Item
NR 0
TC 9
Z9 9
PU AMER MEDICAL ASSOC
PI CHICAGO
PA 515 N STATE ST, CHICAGO, IL 60610-0946 USA
SN 0098-7484
J9 JAMA-J AM MED ASSOC
JI JAMA-J. Am. Med. Assoc.
PD OCT 25
PY 2006
VL 296
IS 16
BP 1958
EP 1958
DI 10.1001/jama.296.16.1958-c
PG 1
WC Medicine, General & Internal
SC General & Internal Medicine
GA 098BL
UT WOS:000241495300005
ER
PT J
AU Comoletti, D
Flynn, RE
Boucard, AA
Demeler, B
Schirf, V
Shi, J
Jennings, LL
Newlin, HR
Sudhof, TC
Taylor, P
AF Comoletti, Davide
Flynn, Robyn E.
Boucard, Antony A.
Demeler, Borries
Schirf, Virgil
Shi, Jianxin
Jennings, Lori L.
Newlin, Helen R.
Sudhof, Thomas C.
Taylor, Palmer
TI Gene selection, alternative splicing, and post-translational processing
regulate neuroligin selectivity for beta-neurexins
SO BIOCHEMISTRY
LA English
DT Article
ID ADHESION MOLECULE; AUTISM REVEALS; LAMM EQUATION; LNS DOMAIN; BINDING;
MUTATION; SYNAPSE; PROTEIN; NLGN4; ACETYLCHOLINESTERASE
AB Neuroligins 1-4 are postsynaptic transmembrane proteins capable of initiating presynaptic maturation via interactions with beta-neurexin. Both neuroligins and beta-neurexins have alternatively spliced inserts in their extracellular domains. Using analytical ultracentrifugation, we determined that the extracellular domains of the neuroligins sediment as dimers, whereas the extracellular domains of the beta-neurexins appear monomeric. Sedimentation velocity experiments of titrated stoichiometry ratios of beta-neurexin and neuroligin suggested a 2: 2 complex formation. The recognition properties of individual neuroligins toward beta-neurexin-1 (NX1 beta), along with the influence of their splice inserts, were explored by surface plasmon resonance and affinity chromatography. Different neuroligins display a range of NX1 beta affinities spanning more than 2 orders of magnitude. Whereas splice insert 4 in beta-neurexin appears to act only as a modulator of the neuroligin/beta-neurexin association, splice insert B in neuroligin-1 (NL1) is the key element regulating the NL1/NX1, binding. Our data indicate that gene selection, mRNA splicing, and post-translational modifications combine to give rise to a controlled neuroligin recognition code with a rank ordering of affinities for particular neurexins that is conserved for the neuroligins across mammalian species.
C1 Univ Calif San Diego, Dept Pharmacol, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA.
Univ Texas, SW Med Ctr, Ctr Basic Neurosci, Dept Mol Genet, Dallas, TX 75235 USA.
Univ Texas, SW Med Ctr, Howard Hughes Med Inst, Dallas, TX 75235 USA.
Univ Texas, Hlth Sci Ctr, Dept Biochem, San Antonio, TX 78229 USA.
RP Taylor, P (reprint author), Univ Calif San Diego, Dept Pharmacol, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA.
EM pwtaylor@ucsd.edu
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NR 46
TC 69
Z9 74
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 0006-2960
J9 BIOCHEMISTRY-US
JI Biochemistry
PD OCT 24
PY 2006
VL 45
IS 42
BP 12816
EP 12827
DI 10.1021/bi0614131
PG 12
WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
GA 095RN
UT WOS:000241325700021
PM 17042500
ER
PT J
AU Peleg, G
Katzir, G
Peleg, O
Kamara, M
Brodsky, L
Hel-Or, H
Keren, D
Nevo, E
AF Peleg, Gili
Katzir, Gadi
Peleg, Ofer
Kamara, Michal
Brodsky, Leonid
Hel-Or, Hagit
Keren, Daniel
Nevo, Eviatar
TI Hereditary family signature of facial expression
SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF
AMERICA
LA English
DT Article
DE facial movements; genetics; congenitally blind; gestalt; individual
differences
ID ASYMMETRY; EMOTION; FACE; PATTERNS; MUSCLE; BLIND
AB Although facial expressions of emotion are universal, individual differences create a facial expression "signature" for each person; but, is there a unique family facial expression signature? Only a few family studies on the heredity of facial expressions have been performed, none of which compared the gestalt of movements in various emotional states; they compared only a few movements in one or two emotional states. No studies, to our knowledge, have compared movements of congenitally blind subjects with their relatives to our knowledge. Using two types of analyses, we show a correlation between movements of congenitally blind subjects with those of their relatives in think-concentrate, sadness, anger, disgust, joy, and surprise and provide evidence for a unique family facial expression signature. In the analysis "in-out family test," a particular movement was compared each time across subjects. Results show that the frequency of occurrence of a movement of a congenitally blind subject in his family is significantly higher than that outside of his family in think-concentrate, sadness, and anger. In the analysis "the classification test," in which congenitally blind subjects were classified to their families according to the gestalt of movements, results show 80% correct classification over the entire interview and 75% in anger. Analysis of the movements' frequencies in anger revealed a correlation between the movements' frequencies of congenitally blind individuals and those of their relatives. This study anticipates discovering genes that influence facial expressions, understanding their evolutionary significance, and elucidating repair mechanisms for syndromes lacking facial expression, such as autism.
C1 Univ Haifa, Inst Evolut, IL-31905 Haifa, Israel.
Univ Haifa, Dept Comp Sci, IL-31905 Haifa, Israel.
Oranim Univ Haifa, Dept Biol, IL-36006 Tivon, Israel.
RP Nevo, E (reprint author), Univ Haifa, Inst Evolut, IL-31905 Haifa, Israel.
EM nevo@research.haifa.ac.il
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NR 44
TC 20
Z9 21
PU NATL ACAD SCIENCES
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2101 CONSTITUTION AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20418 USA
SN 0027-8424
J9 P NATL ACAD SCI USA
JI Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A.
PD OCT 24
PY 2006
VL 103
IS 43
BP 15921
EP 15926
DI 10.1073/pnas.0607551103
PG 6
WC Multidisciplinary Sciences
SC Science & Technology - Other Topics
GA 099BW
UT WOS:000241568500036
PM 17043232
ER
PT J
AU Cheh, MA
Millonig, JH
Roselli, LM
Ming, X
Jacobsen, E
Kamdar, S
Wagner, GC
AF Cheh, Michelle A.
Millonig, James H.
Roselli, Lauren M.
Ming, Xue
Jacobsen, Erin
Kamdar, Silky
Wagner, George C.
TI En2 knockout mice display neurobehavioral and neurochemical alterations
relevant to autism spectrum disorder
SO BRAIN RESEARCH
LA English
DT Article
DE autism; animal model; ENGRAILED-2; development; serotonin; social
behavior; aggression
ID HOMEOBOX-TRANSCRIPTION-FACTOR; EARLY INFANTILE-AUTISM; SEROTONIN
TRANSPORTER; CEREBELLAR DEVELOPMENT; SUSCEPTIBILITY LOCUS; GENOMEWIDE
SCREEN; ENGRAILED GENES; MUTANT MICE; BRAIN-STEM; CHILDREN
AB Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a prevalent and inheritable neurodevelopmental disorder. Recent human genetic studies are consistent with the homeobox transcription factor, ENGRAILED 2 (EN2), being an ASD susceptibility gene. En2 knockout mice (En2(-/-)) display subtle cerebellar neuropathological changes similar to what has been observed in the ASD brain. To investigate whether En2(-/-) mice displayed abnormal behavior relevant to ASD, they were monitored in tasks designed to assess social maturation as well as learning and memory. Deficits in social behavior were detected in En2(-/-) mice across maturation that included decreased play, reduced social sniffing and allogrooming, and less aggressive behavior. Deficits in two spatial learning and memory tasks were also observed. Because locomotor activity was a component of many of the behavioral tasks, this was measured at various stages of development. Locomotor activity was not compromised in the knockout. However, a more thorough analysis of motor behavior in En2(-/-) mice revealed deficits in specific motor tasks. To determine whether neurochemical changes were associated with these behavioral phenotypes, monoamine levels in specific brain regions were assessed. A cerebellar-specific increase in serotonin and its metabolite was observed. Interestingly, several reports have suggested that the serotonin pathway is affected in ASD. We conclude that En2(-/-) mice display behavioral and neurochernical changes, in addition to genetic and neuropathological changes, relevant to ASD. Therefore, these mice may be useful as an animal model of autism. (c) 2006 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
C1 Rutgers State Univ, Piscataway, NJ 08901 USA.
Rutgers State Univ, Dept Neurosci, New Brunswick, NJ 08901 USA.
Rutgers State Univ, Dept Psychol, New Brunswick, NJ 08901 USA.
Rutgers State Univ, Ctr Childhood Neurotoxicol & Exposure Assessment, New Brunswick, NJ 08901 USA.
Univ Med & Dent New Jersey, Robert Wood Johnson Med Sch, Ctr Adv Biotechnol & Med, Piscataway, NJ 08854 USA.
Univ Med & Dent New Jersey, Robert Wood Johnson Med Sch, Dept Neurosci & Cell Biol, Piscataway, NJ 08854 USA.
Univ Med & Dent New Jersey, Robert Wood Johnson Med Sch, Dept Neurosci, Newark, NJ 07103 USA.
RP Wagner, GC (reprint author), Rutgers State Univ, 152 Frelinghuysen Rd, Piscataway, NJ 08901 USA.
EM gcwagner@rci.rutgers.edu
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NR 64
TC 75
Z9 77
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0006-8993
J9 BRAIN RES
JI Brain Res.
PD OCT 20
PY 2006
VL 1116
BP 166
EP 176
DI 10.1016/j.brainres.2006.07.086
PG 11
WC Neurosciences
SC Neurosciences & Neurology
GA 102EN
UT WOS:000241793900020
PM 16935268
ER
PT J
AU Schanen, NC
AF Schanen, N. Carolyn
TI Epigenetics of autism spectrum disorders
SO HUMAN MOLECULAR GENETICS
LA English
DT Review
ID PRADER-WILLI-SYNDROME; RECEPTOR SUBUNIT GENES; AMINOBUTYRIC-ACID
RECEPTOR; PERVASIVE DEVELOPMENTAL DISORDERS; SYNDROME CRITICAL REGION;
HUMAN PARAOXONASE PON1; TUMOR-SUPPRESSOR GENE; HUMAN-CHROMOSOME 7Q32;
FRAGILE-X SYNDROME; LINKAGE-DISEQUILIBRIUM
AB The autism spectrum disorders (ASD) comprise a complex group of behaviorally related disorders that are primarily genetic in origin. Involvement of epigenetic regulatory mechanisms in the pathogenesis of ASD has been suggested by the occurrence of ASD in patients with disorders arising from epigenetic mutations (fragile X syndrome) or that involve key epigenetic regulatory factors (Rett syndrome). Moreover, the most common recurrent cytogenetic abnormalities in ASD involve maternally derived duplications of the imprinted domain on chromosome 15q11-13. Thus, parent of origin effects on sharing and linkage to imprinted regions on chromosomes 15q and 7q suggest that these regions warrant specific examination from an epigenetic perspective, particularly because epigenetic modifications do not change the primary genomic sequence, allowing risk epialleles to evade detection using standard screening strategies. This review examines the potential role of epigenetic factors in the etiology of ASD.
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Univ Delaware, Newark, DE 19716 USA.
Thomas Jefferson Univ, Jefferson Med Coll, Philadelphia, PA 19107 USA.
RP Schanen, NC (reprint author), Nemours Biomed Res, Ctr Pediat Res, 1600 Rockland Rd, Wilmington, DE 19803 USA.
EM schanen@medsci.udel.edu
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Childrens Hosp Westmead, Child Dev Unit, Westmead, NSW, Australia.
Sydney Childrens Hosp, Randwick, NSW, Australia.
RP Sinha, Y (reprint author), Prince Wales Hosp, Randwick, NSW 2031, Australia.
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LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
CT 14th World Congress on Psychiatric Genetics
CY OCT 28-NOV 01, 2006
CL Cagliari, ITALY
SP Int Soc Psychiat Genet
C1 Washington Univ, Sch Med, St Louis, MO 63130 USA.
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
PU WILEY-LISS
PI HOBOKEN
PA DIV JOHN WILEY & SONS INC, 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN, NJ 07030 USA
SN 1552-4841
J9 AM J MED GENET B
JI Am. J. Med. Genet. B
PD OCT 5
PY 2006
VL 141B
IS 7
BP 687
EP 688
PG 2
WC Genetics & Heredity; Psychiatry
SC Genetics & Heredity; Psychiatry
GA 089JW
UT WOS:000240877700015
ER
PT J
AU Kilpinen, LH
Ylisaukko-oja, T
Turunen, JA
Alen, R
Vanhala, R
von Wendt, L
Varilo, T
Peltonen, L
AF Kilpinen, Leena Helena
Ylisaukko-oja, Tero
Turunen, Joni A.
Alen, Reija
Vanhala, Raija
von Wendt, Lennart
Varilo, Teppo
Peltonen, Leena
TI Genome-wide scan for autism spectrum disorders in an extended pedigree
from Finland
SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF MEDICAL GENETICS PART B-NEUROPSYCHIATRIC GENETICS
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
CT 14th World Congress on Psychiatric Genetics
CY OCT 28-NOV 01, 2006
CL Cagliari, ITALY
SP Int Soc Psychiat Genet
C1 Natl Publ Hlth Inst, Helsinki, Finland.
Cent H, Dept Child Neurol, Jyvaskyla, Finland.
Childrens Hosp, Unit Child Neurol, Helsinki, Finland.
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
PU WILEY-LISS
PI HOBOKEN
PA DIV JOHN WILEY & SONS INC, 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN, NJ 07030 USA
SN 1552-4841
J9 AM J MED GENET B
JI Am. J. Med. Genet. B
PD OCT 5
PY 2006
VL 141B
IS 7
BP 703
EP 703
PG 1
WC Genetics & Heredity; Psychiatry
SC Genetics & Heredity; Psychiatry
GA 089JW
UT WOS:000240877700083
ER
PT J
AU Staal, W
Franke, L
Vorstman, J
Hochstenbach, R
van Daalen, E
Wijmenga, C
van Engeland, H
AF Staal, Wouter
Franke, Lude
Vorstman, Jacob
Hochstenbach, Ron
van Daalen, Emma
Wijmenga, Cisca
van Engeland, Herman
TI Autism candidate genes identified with a gene interaction network
software-tool
SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF MEDICAL GENETICS PART B-NEUROPSYCHIATRIC GENETICS
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
CT 14th World Congress on Psychiatric Genetics
CY OCT 28-NOV 01, 2006
CL Cagliari, ITALY
SP Int Soc Psychiat Genet
C1 UMC Utrecht, Utrecht, Netherlands.
Dept Human Genet, Utrecht, Netherlands.
Child & Adolescent Psychiat, Utrecht, Netherlands.
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
PU WILEY-LISS
PI HOBOKEN
PA DIV JOHN WILEY & SONS INC, 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN, NJ 07030 USA
SN 1552-4841
J9 AM J MED GENET B
JI Am. J. Med. Genet. B
PD OCT 5
PY 2006
VL 141B
IS 7
BP 703
EP 703
PG 1
WC Genetics & Heredity; Psychiatry
SC Genetics & Heredity; Psychiatry
GA 089JW
UT WOS:000240877700082
ER
PT J
AU Vincent, J
Marsha, C
Noor, A
Windpassinger, C
Horike, S
Choufani, S
Stachowiak, B
Skaug, J
Sloman, L
Kroisel, P
Petek, E
Roberts, W
Scherer, S
AF Vincent, John
Marshall, Christian
Noor, Abdul
Windpassinger, Christian
Horike, Shin-ichi
Choufani, Sanaa
Stachowiak, Beata
Skaug, Jennifer
Sloman, Leon
Kroisel, Peter
Petek, Erwin
Roberts, Wendy
Scherer, Stephen
TI Molecular analysis of 8 autism patients with cytogenetic abnormalities
SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF MEDICAL GENETICS PART B-NEUROPSYCHIATRIC GENETICS
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
CT 14th World Congress on Psychiatric Genetics
CY OCT 28-NOV 01, 2006
CL Cagliari, ITALY
SP Int Soc Psychiat Genet
C1 Ctr Addict & Mental Hlth, Toronto, ON, Canada.
Hosp Sick Children, Toronto, ON M5G 1X8, Canada.
Inst Human Genet, Graz, Austria.
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
PU WILEY-LISS
PI HOBOKEN
PA DIV JOHN WILEY & SONS INC, 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN, NJ 07030 USA
SN 1552-4841
J9 AM J MED GENET B
JI Am. J. Med. Genet. B
PD OCT 5
PY 2006
VL 141B
IS 7
MA O141
BP 714
EP 714
PG 1
WC Genetics & Heredity; Psychiatry
SC Genetics & Heredity; Psychiatry
GA 089JW
UT WOS:000240877700131
ER
PT J
AU Ma, DQ
Jaworski, J
Skaar, DA
Konidari, A
Haynes, C
Abramson, RK
Wright, HH
Cuccaro, ML
Gilbert, JR
Haines, JL
Pericak-Vance, MA
AF Ma, Deqiong
Jaworski, J.
Skaar, D. A.
Konidari, A.
Haynes, C.
Abramson, R. K.
Wright, H. H.
Cuccaro, M. L.
Gilbert, J. R.
Haines, J. L.
Pericak-Vance, M. A.
TI 12q14: A novel linkage region in extended autism families
SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF MEDICAL GENETICS PART B-NEUROPSYCHIATRIC GENETICS
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
CT 14th World Congress on Psychiatric Genetics
CY OCT 28-NOV 01, 2006
CL Cagliari, ITALY
SP Int Soc Psychiat Genet
C1 Ctr Human Genet, Durham, NC USA.
Univ S Carolina, Sch Med, Columbia, SC USA.
Ctr Human Genet Res, Nashville, TN USA.
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
PU WILEY-LISS
PI HOBOKEN
PA DIV JOHN WILEY & SONS INC, 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN, NJ 07030 USA
SN 1552-4841
J9 AM J MED GENET B
JI Am. J. Med. Genet. B
PD OCT 5
PY 2006
VL 141B
IS 7
MA O204
BP 723
EP 723
PG 1
WC Genetics & Heredity; Psychiatry
SC Genetics & Heredity; Psychiatry
GA 089JW
UT WOS:000240877700171
ER
PT J
AU Masetti, GG
Bonati, MT
Gessi, A
Cavalleri, F
Cogliati, F
Marchi, M
Lievers, LS
Caffo, E
Larizza, L
Macciardi, F
Russo, S
AF Masetti, Guia Guffanti
Bonati, M. T.
Gessi, Alessandra
Cavalleri, Florinda
Cogliati, Francesca
Marchi, Margherita
Lievers, Luisa Strik
Caffo, Ernesto
Larizza, Lidia
Macciardi, Fabio
Russo, Silvia
TI Putative identification of susceptibility genes for autism on 15q11-q13:
Role of UBE3A and ATP10A
SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF MEDICAL GENETICS PART B-NEUROPSYCHIATRIC GENETICS
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
CT 14th World Congress on Psychiatric Genetics
CY OCT 28-NOV 01, 2006
CL Cagliari, ITALY
SP Int Soc Psychiat Genet
C1 Univ Studi Milano, Segrate, Italy.
Ist Italiano Auxol, Milan, Italy.
Univ Modena, I-41100 Modena, Italy.
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
PU WILEY-LISS
PI HOBOKEN
PA DIV JOHN WILEY & SONS INC, 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN, NJ 07030 USA
SN 1552-4841
J9 AM J MED GENET B
JI Am. J. Med. Genet. B
PD OCT 5
PY 2006
VL 141B
IS 7
MA 0249
BP 730
EP 731
PG 2
WC Genetics & Heredity; Psychiatry
SC Genetics & Heredity; Psychiatry
GA 089JW
UT WOS:000240877700206
ER
PT J
AU Santangelo, S
Haddad, S
Santos, T
Fagerness, J
Moilanen, I
Mattila, ML
Jussila, K
Kuusikko, S
Ignatius, J
Yamaki, L
Moorjani, P
Pauls, D
Ramesh, V
AF Santangelo, Susan
Haddad, Stephen
Santos, Tulio
Fagerness, Jesen
Moilanen, Irma
Mattila, Marja-Leena
Jussila, Katja
Kuusikko, Sanna
Ignatius, Jaakko
Yamaki, Lesley
Moorjani, Priya
Pauls, David
Ramesh, Vijaya
TI Pam as a candidate gene for autism
SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF MEDICAL GENETICS PART B-NEUROPSYCHIATRIC GENETICS
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
CT 14th World Congress on Psychiatric Genetics
CY OCT 28-NOV 01, 2006
CL Cagliari, ITALY
SP Int Soc Psychiat Genet
C1 Harvard Univ, Sch Med, Massachusetts Gen Hosp, Boston, MA 02115 USA.
CHGR, Psychiat Neurodev Genet Unit, Boston, MA USA.
Massachusetts Gen Hosp, Ctr Human Genet Res, Boston, MA USA.
Univ Oulu, Dept Child Psychiat, FIN-90570 Oulu, Finland.
Univ Oulu, Genet Lab, FIN-90570 Oulu, Finland.
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
PU WILEY-LISS
PI HOBOKEN
PA DIV JOHN WILEY & SONS INC, 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN, NJ 07030 USA
SN 1552-4841
J9 AM J MED GENET B
JI Am. J. Med. Genet. B
PD OCT 5
PY 2006
VL 141B
IS 7
BP 735
EP 736
PG 2
WC Genetics & Heredity; Psychiatry
SC Genetics & Heredity; Psychiatry
GA 089JW
UT WOS:000240877700229
ER
PT J
AU Martins, M
Correia, C
Currais, A
Coutinho, AM
Marques, C
Ataide, A
Miguel, TS
Almeida, J
Bento, C
Morgadinho, T
Oliveira, G
Vicente, AM
AF Martins, Madalena
Correia, Catarina
Currais, Antonio
Margarida Coutinho, Ana
Marques, Carla
Ataide, Assuncao
Sao Miguel, Teresa
Almeida, Joana
Bento, Celeste
Morgadinho, Teresa
Oliveira, Guiomar
Moura Vicente, Astrid
TI Association of the GAD1 candidate gene with autism
SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF MEDICAL GENETICS PART B-NEUROPSYCHIATRIC GENETICS
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
CT 14th World Congress on Psychiatric Genetics
CY OCT 28-NOV 01, 2006
CL Cagliari, ITALY
SP Int Soc Psychiat Genet
C1 Inst Gulbenkian Ciencias, Oeiras, Portugal.
Inst Gulbenkian Ciencias, Lisbon, Portugal.
Hosp Pediat Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal.
Univ Coimbra, Fac Med, Coimbra, Portugal.
RI Oliveira, Guiomar/I-7255-2013
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
PU WILEY-LISS
PI HOBOKEN
PA DIV JOHN WILEY & SONS INC, 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN, NJ 07030 USA
SN 1552-4841
J9 AM J MED GENET B
JI Am. J. Med. Genet. B
PD OCT 5
PY 2006
VL 141B
IS 7
BP 736
EP 736
PG 1
WC Genetics & Heredity; Psychiatry
SC Genetics & Heredity; Psychiatry
GA 089JW
UT WOS:000240877700231
ER
PT J
AU Sykes, N
Lamb, J
Maestrini, E
Winchester, L
Morris, A
Butler, H
Bacchelli, E
Blasi, F
Barnby, G
Sousa, I
Bailey, AJ
Monaco, AP
AF Sykes, Nuala
Lamb, J.
Maestrini, E.
Winchester, L.
Morris, A.
Butler, H.
Bacchelli, E.
Blasi, F.
Barnby, G.
Sousa, I.
Bailey, A. J.
Monaco, A. P.
TI High-density SNP association study of the autism susceptibility loci on
chromosome 7q
SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF MEDICAL GENETICS PART B-NEUROPSYCHIATRIC GENETICS
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
CT 14th World Congress on Psychiatric Genetics
CY OCT 28-NOV 01, 2006
CL Cagliari, ITALY
SP Int Soc Psychiat Genet
C1 Univ Oxford, Oxford OX1 2JD, England.
Wellcome Trust Ctr Human Genet, Oxford, England.
Univ Bologna, I-40126 Bologna, Italy.
Univ Oxford, Dept Psychiat, Oxford OX1 2JD, England.
RI Bailey, Anthony/J-2860-2014
OI Bailey, Anthony/0000-0003-4257-972X
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
PU WILEY-LISS
PI HOBOKEN
PA DIV JOHN WILEY & SONS INC, 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN, NJ 07030 USA
SN 1552-4841
J9 AM J MED GENET B
JI Am. J. Med. Genet. B
PD OCT 5
PY 2006
VL 141B
IS 7
BP 736
EP 736
PG 1
WC Genetics & Heredity; Psychiatry
SC Genetics & Heredity; Psychiatry
GA 089JW
UT WOS:000240877700230
ER
PT J
AU Castermans, D
Freson, K
De Vos, R
Van de Ven, W
Geet, CV
Steyaert, J
Creemers, J
Devriendt, K
AF Castermans, Dries
Freson, Kathleen
De Vos, Rita
Van de Ven, Wim
Geet, Christel Ven
Steyaert, Jean
Creemers, John
Devriendt, Koen
TI Amisyn, SCAMP5 and NBEA are candidate genesfor autism and suggest a role
for neuron vesicle trafficking in the pathogenesis of autism
SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF MEDICAL GENETICS PART B-NEUROPSYCHIATRIC GENETICS
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
CT 14th World Congress on Psychiatric Genetics
CY OCT 28-NOV 01, 2006
CL Cagliari, ITALY
SP Int Soc Psychiat Genet
C1 Catholic Univ Leuven, Louvain, Belgium.
RI Steyaert, Jean/B-5326-2015
OI Steyaert, Jean/0000-0003-2512-4694
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
PU WILEY-LISS
PI HOBOKEN
PA DIV JOHN WILEY & SONS INC, 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN, NJ 07030 USA
SN 1552-4841
J9 AM J MED GENET B
JI Am. J. Med. Genet. B
PD OCT 5
PY 2006
VL 141B
IS 7
BP 755
EP 755
PG 1
WC Genetics & Heredity; Psychiatry
SC Genetics & Heredity; Psychiatry
GA 089JW
UT WOS:000240877700315
ER
PT J
AU Curran, S
Powell, J
Pugliese, L
Neale, BM
Murphy, D
Bolton, PF
AF Curran, Sarah
Powell, John
Pugliese, Luca
Neale, Ben M.
Murphy, Declan
Bolton, Patrick F.
TI An association analysis of functional serotonin transporter
polymorphisms in autism spectrum disorder
SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF MEDICAL GENETICS PART B-NEUROPSYCHIATRIC GENETICS
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
CT 14th World Congress on Psychiatric Genetics
CY OCT 28-NOV 01, 2006
CL Cagliari, ITALY
SP Int Soc Psychiat Genet
RI Powell, John/G-4412-2011
OI Powell, John/0000-0001-6124-439X
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
PU WILEY-LISS
PI HOBOKEN
PA DIV JOHN WILEY & SONS INC, 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN, NJ 07030 USA
SN 1552-4841
J9 AM J MED GENET B
JI Am. J. Med. Genet. B
PD OCT 5
PY 2006
VL 141B
IS 7
BP 758
EP 758
PG 1
WC Genetics & Heredity; Psychiatry
SC Genetics & Heredity; Psychiatry
GA 089JW
UT WOS:000240877700329
ER
PT J
AU Correia, CC
Martins, M
Coutinho, AM
Marques, C
Miguel, T
Ataide, A
Almeida, J
Borges, L
Gallagher, L
Conroy, J
Gill, M
Oliveira, G
Vicente, AM
AF Correia, Catarina Catarina
Martins, Madalena
Coutinho, Ana Margarida
Marques, Carla
Miguel, Teresa
Ataide, Assuncao
Almeida, Joana
Borges, Luis
Gallagher, Louise
Conroy, Judith
Gill, Michael
Oliveira, Guiomar
Vicente, Astrid Moura
TI Association of the beta-integrin subunit gene with autism
SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF MEDICAL GENETICS PART B-NEUROPSYCHIATRIC GENETICS
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
CT 14th World Congress on Psychiatric Genetics
CY OCT 28-NOV 01, 2006
CL Cagliari, ITALY
SP Int Soc Psychiat Genet
C1 Gulbenkian Inst Sci, Oeiras, Portugal.
Ctr Desenvolvimento Crianca, Coimbra, Portugal.
Reg Educ Regiao, Coimbra, Portugal.
Smurfit Inst, Dept Genet, Dublin, Ireland.
RI Oliveira, Guiomar/I-7255-2013
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
PU WILEY-LISS
PI HOBOKEN
PA DIV JOHN WILEY & SONS INC, 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN, NJ 07030 USA
SN 1552-4841
J9 AM J MED GENET B
JI Am. J. Med. Genet. B
PD OCT 5
PY 2006
VL 141B
IS 7
BP 759
EP 759
PG 1
WC Genetics & Heredity; Psychiatry
SC Genetics & Heredity; Psychiatry
GA 089JW
UT WOS:000240877700331
ER
PT J
AU Gauthier, J
Drapeau, P
Michaud, J
Neri, C
Dube, MP
Cossette, P
Bouvier, M
Carbonetto, S
Fombonne, E
AF Gauthier, Julie
Drapeau, Pierre
Michaud, Jacques
Neri, Christian
Dube, Marie-Pierre
Cossette, Patrick
Bouvier, Michel
Carbonetto, Savatore
Fombonne, Eric
TI High throughput strategy for the identification and characterization of
genes involved in schizophrenia and autism
SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF MEDICAL GENETICS PART B-NEUROPSYCHIATRIC GENETICS
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
CT 14th World Congress on Psychiatric Genetics
CY OCT 28-NOV 01, 2006
CL Cagliari, ITALY
SP Int Soc Psychiat Genet
C1 CHUM Res Ctr, Montreal, PQ, Canada.
Univ Montreal, Montreal, PQ, Canada.
INSERM, Paris, France.
McGill Univ, Montreal, PQ, Canada.
RI Neri, Christian/F-6729-2013; Dube, Marie-Pierre/B-9364-2008
OI Dube, Marie-Pierre/0000-0001-8442-4393
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
PU WILEY-LISS
PI HOBOKEN
PA DIV JOHN WILEY & SONS INC, 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN, NJ 07030 USA
SN 1552-4841
J9 AM J MED GENET B
JI Am. J. Med. Genet. B
PD OCT 5
PY 2006
VL 141B
IS 7
BP 761
EP 761
PG 1
WC Genetics & Heredity; Psychiatry
SC Genetics & Heredity; Psychiatry
GA 089JW
UT WOS:000240877700341
ER
PT J
AU Cochrane, LE
Conroy, J
Anderson, G
Gallagher, L
Gill, M
AF Cochrane, Lynne Elizabeth
Conroy, Judith
Anderson, George
Gallagher, Louise
Gill, Michael
TI Four genes analysed for association with autism and DBH levels
SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF MEDICAL GENETICS PART B-NEUROPSYCHIATRIC GENETICS
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
CT 14th World Congress on Psychiatric Genetics
CY OCT 28-NOV 01, 2006
CL Cagliari, ITALY
SP Int Soc Psychiat Genet
C1 Univ Dublin Trinity Coll, Dublin 2, Ireland.
Yale Univ, New Haven, CT 06520 USA.
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
PU WILEY-LISS
PI HOBOKEN
PA DIV JOHN WILEY & SONS INC, 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN, NJ 07030 USA
SN 1552-4841
J9 AM J MED GENET B
JI Am. J. Med. Genet. B
PD OCT 5
PY 2006
VL 141B
IS 7
BP 766
EP 766
PG 1
WC Genetics & Heredity; Psychiatry
SC Genetics & Heredity; Psychiatry
GA 089JW
UT WOS:000240877700362
ER
PT J
AU Turunen, J
Ylisaukko-oja, T
Kilpinen, H
Rehnstrom, K
Kempas, E
Vanhala, R
Wendt, TNV
von Wendt, L
Peltonen, L
AF Turunen, Joni
Ylisaukko-oja, Tero
Kilpinen, Helena
Rehnstrom, Karola
Kempas, Elli
Vanhala, Raija
Wendt, Taina Nieminen-von
von Wendt, Lennart
Peltonen, Leena
TI Association analysis of SLC25A12 and EN2 in the Finnish families with
autism-spectrum disorders
SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF MEDICAL GENETICS PART B-NEUROPSYCHIATRIC GENETICS
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
CT 14th World Congress on Psychiatric Genetics
CY OCT 28-NOV 01, 2006
CL Cagliari, ITALY
SP Int Soc Psychiat Genet
C1 Natl Publ Hlth Inst, Helsinki, Finland.
Hosp Children & Adolescents, Helsinki, Finland.
NR 0
TC 1
Z9 1
PU WILEY-LISS
PI HOBOKEN
PA DIV JOHN WILEY & SONS INC, 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN, NJ 07030 USA
SN 1552-4841
J9 AM J MED GENET B
JI Am. J. Med. Genet. B
PD OCT 5
PY 2006
VL 141B
IS 7
BP 766
EP 766
PG 1
WC Genetics & Heredity; Psychiatry
SC Genetics & Heredity; Psychiatry
GA 089JW
UT WOS:000240877700364
ER
PT J
AU Yang, MS
Conroy, J
Hawi, Z
Gallagher, L
Gill, M
AF Yang, Mao-Shen
Conroy, Judith
Hawi, Ziarih
Gallagher, Louise
Gill, Michael
TI PRKCB1 is not associated with autism in the Irish population
SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF MEDICAL GENETICS PART B-NEUROPSYCHIATRIC GENETICS
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
CT 14th World Congress on Psychiatric Genetics
CY OCT 28-NOV 01, 2006
CL Cagliari, ITALY
SP Int Soc Psychiat Genet
C1 Trinity Coll Dublin, Dublin, Ireland.
NR 0
TC 1
Z9 1
PU WILEY-LISS
PI HOBOKEN
PA DIV JOHN WILEY & SONS INC, 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN, NJ 07030 USA
SN 1552-4841
J9 AM J MED GENET B
JI Am. J. Med. Genet. B
PD OCT 5
PY 2006
VL 141B
IS 7
BP 766
EP 766
PG 1
WC Genetics & Heredity; Psychiatry
SC Genetics & Heredity; Psychiatry
GA 089JW
UT WOS:000240877700360
ER
PT J
AU Bacchelli, E
Blasi, F
Carone, S
Toma, C
Lamb, J
Sykes, N
Barnby, G
Morris, A
Winchester, L
Butler, H
Bailey, AJ
Monaco, AP
Maestrini, E
AF Bacchelli, Elena
Blasi, Francesca
Carone, Simona
Toma, Claudio
Lamb, Janine
Sykes, Nuala
Barnby, Gabrielle
Morris, Andrew
Winchester, Laura
Butler, Helen
Bailey, Anthony J.
Monaco, Anthony P.
Maestrini, Elena
CA Consortium IMGSAC
TI A gene centric association study of 1500 SNPs in the chromosome 2q
autism susceptibility locus
SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF MEDICAL GENETICS PART B-NEUROPSYCHIATRIC GENETICS
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
CT 14th World Congress on Psychiatric Genetics
CY OCT 28-NOV 01, 2006
CL Cagliari, ITALY
SP Int Soc Psychiat Genet
C1 Univ Bologna, I-40126 Bologna, Italy.
Wellcome Trust Ctr Human Genet, Oxford, England.
Pk Hosp Children, Oxford, England.
RI Bolton, Patrick/E-8501-2010; Bailey, Anthony/J-2860-2014
OI Bolton, Patrick/0000-0002-5270-6262; Bailey, Anthony/0000-0003-4257-972X
NR 0
TC 1
Z9 1
PU WILEY-LISS
PI HOBOKEN
PA DIV JOHN WILEY & SONS INC, 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN, NJ 07030 USA
SN 1552-4841
J9 AM J MED GENET B
JI Am. J. Med. Genet. B
PD OCT 5
PY 2006
VL 141B
IS 7
BP 767
EP 768
PG 2
WC Genetics & Heredity; Psychiatry
SC Genetics & Heredity; Psychiatry
GA 089JW
UT WOS:000240877700370
ER
PT J
AU Powell, J
Curran, S
Neal, B
Dworzynski, K
Bolton, P
AF Powell, John
Curran, Sarah
Neal, Ben
Dworzynski, Katharina
Bolton, Patrick
TI A positive haplotype association of the chromosome 15 gamma-amino
butyric acid beta 3 subunit gene (GABRB3) with autism spectrum disorder
SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF MEDICAL GENETICS PART B-NEUROPSYCHIATRIC GENETICS
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
CT 14th World Congress on Psychiatric Genetics
CY OCT 28-NOV 01, 2006
CL Cagliari, ITALY
SP Int Soc Psychiat Genet
C1 Kings Coll London, Inst Psychiat, London WC2R 2LS, England.
RI Powell, John/G-4412-2011; Bolton, Patrick/E-8501-2010
OI Powell, John/0000-0001-6124-439X; Bolton, Patrick/0000-0002-5270-6262
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
PU WILEY-LISS
PI HOBOKEN
PA DIV JOHN WILEY & SONS INC, 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN, NJ 07030 USA
SN 1552-4841
J9 AM J MED GENET B
JI Am. J. Med. Genet. B
PD OCT 5
PY 2006
VL 141B
IS 7
BP 767
EP 767
PG 1
WC Genetics & Heredity; Psychiatry
SC Genetics & Heredity; Psychiatry
GA 089JW
UT WOS:000240877700367
ER
PT J
AU Betancur, C
Cai, GQ
Chaste, P
Nygren, G
Goldsmith, J
Reicher, J
Anckarsater, H
Rastam, M
Leboyer, M
Gillberg, C
Verloes, A
Buxbaum, JD
AF Betancur, Catalina
Cai, Guiquing
Chaste, Pauline
Nygren, Gudrun
Goldsmith, Juliet
Reicher, Jennifer
Anckarsater, Henrik
Rastam, Maria
Leboyer, Marion
Gillberg, Christopher
Verloes, Alain
Buxbaum, Joseph D.
TI Mutation screening of the PTEN gene in patients with autism and
macrocephaly
SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF MEDICAL GENETICS PART B-NEUROPSYCHIATRIC GENETICS
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
CT 14th World Congress on Psychiatric Genetics
CY OCT 28-NOV 01, 2006
CL Cagliari, ITALY
SP Int Soc Psychiat Genet
C1 INSERM, U513, Creteil, France.
Mt Sinai Sch Med, New York, NY USA.
Univ Paris 12, INSERM, U513, Creteil, France.
Dept Child & Adolescent Psych, Gothenburg, Sweden.
Hop Robert Debre, Clin Genet Unit, F-75019 Paris, France.
RI Anckarsater, Henrik/C-2244-2009
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
PU WILEY-LISS
PI HOBOKEN
PA DIV JOHN WILEY & SONS INC, 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN, NJ 07030 USA
SN 1552-4841
J9 AM J MED GENET B
JI Am. J. Med. Genet. B
PD OCT 5
PY 2006
VL 141B
IS 7
BP 768
EP 768
PG 1
WC Genetics & Heredity; Psychiatry
SC Genetics & Heredity; Psychiatry
GA 089JW
UT WOS:000240877700371
ER
PT J
AU Vorsanova, S
Iourov, I
Voinova-Ulas, V
Gorbachevskaya, N
Kolotii, A
Beresheva, A
Demidova, I
Ktavetz, V
Monachov, V
AF Vorsanova, Svetlana
Iourov, Ivan
Voinova-Ulas, Victoria
Gorbachevskaya, Natalia
Kolotii, Alexei
Beresheva, Alphia
Demidova, Irina
Ktavetz, Viktor
Monachov, Viktor
TI Increased rate of low-level chromosomal mosaicism in autism: An
interphase FISH survey
SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF MEDICAL GENETICS PART B-NEUROPSYCHIATRIC GENETICS
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
CT 14th World Congress on Psychiatric Genetics
CY OCT 28-NOV 01, 2006
CL Cagliari, ITALY
SP Int Soc Psychiat Genet
C1 Inst Pediat & Children Surg, Moscow, Russia.
Russian Acad Med Sci, Mental Hlth Res Ctr, Moscow 109801, Russia.
RI Iourov, Ivan/O-7684-2014
OI Iourov, Ivan/0000-0002-4134-8367
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
PU WILEY-LISS
PI HOBOKEN
PA DIV JOHN WILEY & SONS INC, 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN, NJ 07030 USA
SN 1552-4841
J9 AM J MED GENET B
JI Am. J. Med. Genet. B
PD OCT 5
PY 2006
VL 141B
IS 7
BP 770
EP 770
PG 1
WC Genetics & Heredity; Psychiatry
SC Genetics & Heredity; Psychiatry
GA 089JW
UT WOS:000240877700381
ER
PT J
AU Uhhaas, PJ
Singer, W
AF Uhhaas, Peter J.
Singer, Wolf
TI Neural synchrony in brain disorders: Relevance for cognitive
dysfunctions and pathophysiology
SO NEURON
LA English
DT Review
ID HIGH-FREQUENCY OSCILLATIONS; HIGH-FUNCTIONING AUTISM; HIPPOCAMPUS
IN-VITRO; WHITE-MATTER CHANGES; WORKING-MEMORY TASK; CAT VISUAL-CORTEX;
ALZHEIMERS-DISEASE; EEG SYNCHRONIZATION; GAMMA ACTIVITY; GAP-JUNCTIONS
AB Following the discovery of context-dependent synchronization of oscillatory neuronal responses in the visual system, novel methods of time series analysis have been developed for the examination of task- and performance-related oscillatory activity and its synchronization. Studies employing these advanced techniques revealed that synchronization of oscillatory responses in the beta- and gamma-band is involved in a variety of cognitive functions, such as perceptual grouping, attention-dependent stimulus selection, routing of signals across distributed cortical networks, sensory-motor integration, working memory, and perceptual awareness. Here, we review evidence that certain brain disorders, such as schizophrenia, epilepsy, autism, Alzheimer's disease, and Parkinson's are associated with abnormal neural synchronization. The data suggest close correlations between abnormalities in neuronal synchronization and cognitive dysfunctions, emphasizing the importance of temporal coordination. Thus, focused search for abnormalities in temporal patterning may be of considerable clinical relevance.
C1 Max Planck Inst Brain Res, Dept Neurophysiol, D-60528 Frankfurt, Germany.
Univ Frankfurt, Dept Psychiat, Lab Neurophysiol & Neuroimaging, D-60528 Frankfurt, Germany.
Univ Frankfurt, Frankfurt Inst Adv Studies, D-60438 Frankfurt, Germany.
RP Uhhaas, PJ (reprint author), Max Planck Inst Brain Res, Dept Neurophysiol, Deutschordenstr 46, D-60528 Frankfurt, Germany.
EM uhlhaas@mpih-frankfurt.mpg.de
RI Singer, Wolf/D-6874-2012
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NR 155
TC 10
Z9 10
PU CELL PRESS
PI CAMBRIDGE
PA 1100 MASSACHUSETTS AVE, CAMBRIDGE, MA 02138 USA
SN 0896-6273
J9 NEURON
JI Neuron
PD OCT 5
PY 2006
VL 52
IS 1
BP 155
EP 168
DI 10.1016/j.neuron.2006.09.020
PG 14
WC Neurosciences
SC Neurosciences & Neurology
GA 096WS
UT WOS:000241408100011
ER
PT J
AU Garner, JP
Thogerson, CM
Wurbel, H
Murray, JD
Mench, JA
AF Garner, Joseph P.
Thogerson, Collette M.
Wuerbel, Hanno
Murray, James D.
Mench, Joy A.
TI Animal neuropsychology: Validation of the Intra-Dimensional
Extra-Dimensional set shifting task for mice
SO BEHAVIOURAL BRAIN RESEARCH
LA English
DT Article
DE executive; prefrontal cortex; Wisconsin card sort test; autism;
obsessive compulsive disorder; traumatic brain injury; trichotillomania
ID TEMPORAL-LOBE EXCISIONS; AMYGDALO-HIPPOCAMPECTOMY; LABORATORY
ENVIRONMENT; PREFRONTAL CORTEX; BEHAVIORAL-TESTS; MOUSE BEHAVIOR;
DISCRIMINATION; STANDARDIZATION; SCHIZOPHRENIA; STEREOTYPIES
AB Research in animal neuropsychology is providing an exciting new generation of behavioral tests for mice that promise to overcome many of the limitations of current high-throughput testing, and provide direct animal homologues of clinically important measures in human research. Set shifting tasks are some of the best understood and widely used human neuropsychological tasks, with clinical relevance to traumatic brain injury, schizophrenia, autism, obsessive compulsive disorder, trichotillomania, and many other disorders. Here we report the first successful modification of a human set shifting neuropsychological task, the Intra-Dimensional Extra-Dimensional (IDED) task, for use with mice. We presented mice with a series of compound discrimination and reversal tasks where one stimulus dimension consistently cued reward. Task performance improved with a new set of compound stimuli, as did reversal performance-indicating the formation of a cognitive-attentional set. We then overtrained a subset of the mice, and presented control and overtrained mice with a new compound discrimination where a novel stimulus dimension cued reward. As is the case in human control subjects, control mice persisted in responding to the now-incorrect stimulus dimension, performing poorly on this extra-dimensional shift compared with the previous intra-dimensional shift, thereby validating the task as a measure of set shifting. Furthermore, overtrained mice were impaired on this extra-dimensional shift compared with controls, further validating the task. The advantages and disadvantages of the IDED task compared to high-throughput approaches are discussed. (c) 2006 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
C1 Purdue Univ, Dept Anim Sci, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA.
Univ Giessen, Div Anim Welf & Ethol, D-35392 Giessen, Germany.
Univ Calif Davis, Dept Anim Sci, Davis, CA 95616 USA.
RP Garner, JP (reprint author), Purdue Univ, Dept Anim Sci, 125 S Russell St, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA.
EM jgarner@purdue.edu
RI Garner, Joseph/C-8422-2009; Citations, TLC SAB/C-4006-2011; Wurbel,
Hanno/D-6281-2012
OI Wurbel, Hanno/0000-0002-2934-3010
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NR 46
TC 63
Z9 63
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0166-4328
J9 BEHAV BRAIN RES
JI Behav. Brain Res.
PD OCT 2
PY 2006
VL 173
IS 1
BP 53
EP 61
DI 10.1016/j.bbr.2006.06.002
PG 9
WC Behavioral Sciences; Neurosciences
SC Behavioral Sciences; Neurosciences & Neurology
GA 086DE
UT WOS:000240652500007
PM 16842867
ER
PT J
AU van den Hazel, P
Zuurbier, M
Babisch, W
Bartonova, A
Bistrup, ML
Bolte, G
Busby, C
Butter, M
Ceccatelli, S
Fucic, A
Hanke, W
Johansson, C
Kohlhuber, M
Leijs, M
Lundqvist, C
Moshammer, H
Naginiene, R
Preece, A
Ronchetti, R
Salines, G
Saunders, M
Schoeters, G
Stilianakis, N
ten Tusscher, G
Koppe, JG
AF van den Hazel, Peter
Zuurbier, Moniek
Babisch, Wolfgang
Bartonova, Alena
Bistrup, Marie Louise
Bolte, Gabriele
Busby, Chris
Butter, Maureen
Ceccatelli, Sandra
Fucic, Aleksandra
Hanke, Wojtec
Johansson, Carolina
Kohlhuber, Martina
Leijs, Marike
Lundqvist, Christofer
Moshammer, Hanns
Naginiene, Rima
Preece, Alan
Ronchetti, Roberto
Salines, Georges
Saunders, Margaret
Schoeters, Greet
Stilianakis, Nikolaos
ten Tusscher, Gavin
Koppe, Janna G.
TI Today's epidemics in children: Possible relations to environmental
pollution and suggested preventive measures
SO ACTA PAEDIATRICA
LA English
DT Article
DE children; environment; health; epidemic
ID CHILDHOOD-CANCER INCIDENCE; PRENATAL EXPOSURE; DIABETES-MELLITUS; DIOXIN
EXPOSURE; PREGNANCY; BRAIN; BIRTH; PRODUCTS; DISORDER; TRENDS
AB Background: Facts and hypotheses on the relationship between some children's diseases or disorders and external stressors during the developmental stage of a child, both prenatally and postnatally are described in literature. In this paper the following changes in patterns and causes of the main childhood illnesses are summarized and recommendations for actions are made.
Prematurity
Intra-uterine growth restriction
Testicular dysgenesis syndrome center dot Type I and Type II diabetes
Asthma, atopy and hay fever
Autism
Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD)
Learning disabilities
Cancer
Obesity
Hearing problems
Results: Literature provides a growing amount of information on changing patterns in childhood diseases.
Conclusions: The following recommendations for action are formulated
Immediate research on endocrine disrupters in relation to prematurity
Diabetes: avoid Maillard Compounds in liquid baby food and in food in general: promote breastfeeding
Asthma: avoid exposure to smoking, the use of chemical household products, dioxin and dioxin-like chemicals, and avoid air pollution with high levels of particulate matter, especially around conception, during pregnancy and in the first years of life
Autism: more research on incidence and causes
ADHD and learning disabilities: more research on prevalence and causes. Preventions: 1) preconception counselling to avoid potentially harmful substances; 2) controlling and further lowering levels of polychlorinated biphenyls, lead and methyl mercury
Cancer: promote breastfeeding, carry out research into effects of foetal exposure to internal fission-product radionuclides
Obesity: stop smoking in pregnancy, avoid parental obesity, longer night sleep
Hearing problems: lower noise levels in discotheques, promote the day-evening-night level to avoid noise (longer night sleep).
C1 Ecobaby Fdn, NL-3634 AT Loenersloot, Netherlands.
Univ Amsterdam, Acad Med Ctr, Emma Childrens Hosp, NL-1105 AZ Amsterdam, Netherlands.
Publ Hlth Serv Gelderland Midden, Arnhem, Netherlands.
Fed Environm Agcy, Berlin, Germany.
Natl Inst Publ Hlth, Copenhagen, Denmark.
Bavarian Hlth & Food Safety Author, Dept Environm Hlth, Oberschleissheim, Germany.
Univ Groningen, Groningen, Netherlands.
Karolinska Inst, Div Toxicol & Neurotoxicol, Inst Environm Med, Stockholm, Sweden.
Inst Med Res & Occupat Hlth, Zagreb 41000, Croatia.
Med Univ Lodz, Dept Environm Epidemiol, PL-90131 Lodz, Poland.
Med Univ Lodz, Dept Informat & Stat, PL-90131 Lodz, Poland.
Norwegian Knowledge Ctr Hlth Serv, Oslo, Norway.
Ullevaal Univ Hosp, Dept Neurol, Oslo, Norway.
Med Univ Vienna, Ctr Publ Hlth, Inst Environm Hlth, Vienna, Austria.
Kaunas Univ Med, Inst Biomed Res, Kaunas, Lithuania.
Bristol Haematol & Oncol Ctr, Dept Med Phys, Bristol, Avon, England.
Univ Roma La Sapienza, Sch Med 2, Dept Paediat, Rome, Italy.
Inst Veille Sanit, St Maurice, France.
Vlaamse Instelling Technol Onderzoek, Mol, Belgium.
European Commiss, Joint Res Ctr, Ispra, Italy.
Westfries Gasthuis, Dept Paediat & Neonatol, Hoorn, Netherlands.
RP Koppe, JG (reprint author), Ecobaby Fdn, Hollandstr 6, NL-3634 AT Loenersloot, Netherlands.
EM Janna.Koppe@inter.NL.net
RI Hanke, Wojciech/F-7604-2010; Bartonova, Alena/B-9223-2013
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NR 63
TC 13
Z9 13
PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS AS
PI OSLO
PA PO BOX 12 POSTHUSET, NO-0051 OSLO, NORWAY
SN 0803-5253
J9 ACTA PAEDIATR
JI Acta Paediatr.
PD OCT
PY 2006
VL 95
SU 453
BP 18
EP 25
DI 10.1080/08035320600885846
PG 8
WC Pediatrics
SC Pediatrics
GA 098DU
UT WOS:000241502000004
PM 17000565
ER
PT J
AU Maimburg, RD
Vaeth, M
AF Maimburg, R. D.
Vaeth, M.
TI Perinatal risk factors and infantile autism
SO ACTA PSYCHIATRICA SCANDINAVICA
LA English
DT Article
DE autistic disorders; pregnancy; asphyxia; abnormalities; foetal growth
retardation
ID OBSTETRIC COMPLICATIONS; NEONATAL COMPLICATIONS; POPULATION; DISORDER;
PREGNANCY; CHILDREN; SPECTRUM; AGE
AB Objective: Suboptimal conditions during pregnancy and birth have been suggested as a cause of infantile autism. We have studied the association between obstetric factors and infantile autism.
Method: A population-based, matched case-control study of infantile autism. Conditional logistic regression was used to calculate odds ratios (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI).
Results: The risk of infantile autism was increased for mothers aged > 35 years, with foreign citizenship, and mothers who used medicine during pregnancy. A higher risk of infantile autism was seen among children with low birth weight and with congenital malformations. Birth interventions, pathological cardiotocography, green amnion fluid and acidosis during delivery were not associated with increased risk for infantile autism.
Conclusion: Our findings suggest that suboptimal birth conditions are not an independent risk factor for infantile autism. A high prevalence of low birth weight and birth defects among autism cases seems to explain the suboptimal birth outcome.
C1 Aarhus Univ, Dept Epidemiol & Social Med, Inst Publ Hlth, DK-8000 Aarhus, Denmark.
Univ Aarhus, Dept Biostat, Inst Publ Hlth, Aarhus, Denmark.
RP Maimburg, RD (reprint author), Aarhus Univ, Dept Epidemiol & Social Med, Inst Publ Hlth, Vennelyst Blvd 6, DK-8000 Aarhus, Denmark.
EM rmai@soci.au.dk
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NR 37
TC 72
Z9 73
PU BLACKWELL PUBLISHING
PI OXFORD
PA 9600 GARSINGTON RD, OXFORD OX4 2DQ, OXON, ENGLAND
SN 0001-690X
J9 ACTA PSYCHIAT SCAND
JI Acta Psychiatr. Scand.
PD OCT
PY 2006
VL 114
IS 4
BP 257
EP 264
DI 10.1111/j.1600-0447.2006.00805.x
PG 8
WC Psychiatry
SC Psychiatry
GA 082DA
UT WOS:000240365700006
PM 16968363
ER
PT J
AU Kodish, S
Kulinna, PH
Martin, J
Pangrazi, R
Darst, P
AF Kodish, Stephen
Kulinna, Pamela Hodges
Martin, Jeffrey
Pangrazi, Robert
Darst, Paul
TI Determinants of physical activity in an inclusive setting
SO ADAPTED PHYSICAL ACTIVITY QUARTERLY
LA English
DT Article
ID PLANNED BEHAVIOR; REASONED ACTION; EDUCATION CLASSES; CHILDREN;
DISABILITIES; STUDENTS; PEDOMETERS; EFFICACY; HEALTH; ATTITUDES
AB The purposes of this study included (a) to determine if the Theory of Planned Behavior (TPB) predicted intentions of individuals with and without disabilities to be physically active, (b) to determine if the TPB predicted behaviors of individuals with and without disabilities to be physically active, and (c) to determine if significant differences were present in physical activity opportunities between inclusive and non-inclusive elementary physical education classes taught by the same teacher. Students (N = 114, ages 10-13) completed questionnaires assessing the TPB constructs and had four days of PA evaluated through pedometer measurements. Analyses revealed that subjective norm and perceived behavioral control predicted students' intentions to be active, while behavioral intention was the only significant predictor of activity level by step count accrued in PE classes. Finally, the inclusion of students with autism did not significantly affect overall physical activity.
C1 Arizona State Univ, Dept Kinesiol, Tempe, AZ 85287 USA.
Arizona State Univ, Dept Phys Educ, Tempe, AZ USA.
Wayne State Univ, Div Kinesiol Hlth & Sport Studies, Detroit, MI USA.
RP Kodish, S (reprint author), Arizona State Univ, Dept Kinesiol, Tempe, AZ 85287 USA.
EM skodish@gmail.com; pkulinna@asu.edu; aa3975@wayne.edu; pangrazi@asu.edu;
darst@asu.edu
RI Martin, Jeffrey/A-8426-2009
OI Martin, Jeffrey/0000-0003-3746-686X
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NR 79
TC 15
Z9 16
PU HUMAN KINETICS PUBL INC
PI CHAMPAIGN
PA 1607 N MARKET ST, CHAMPAIGN, IL 61820-2200 USA
SN 0736-5829
J9 ADAPT PHYS ACT Q
JI Adapt. Phys. Act. Q.
PD OCT
PY 2006
VL 23
IS 4
BP 390
EP 409
PG 20
WC Rehabilitation; Sport Sciences
SC Rehabilitation; Sport Sciences
GA 095ET
UT WOS:000241291700004
ER
PT J
AU Merks, JHM
Ozgen, HM
Cluitmans, TLM
van der Burg-van Rijn, JM
Cobben, JM
van Leeuwen, FE
Hennekam, RCM
AF Merks, Johannes H. M.
Ozgen, Heval M.
Cluitmans, Theresia L. M.
van der Burg-van Rijn, Jaqueline M.
Cobben, Jan Maarten
van Leeuwen, Flora E.
Hennekam, Raoul C. M.
TI Normal values for morphological abnormalities in school children
SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF MEDICAL GENETICS PART A
LA English
DT Article
DE clinical morphology; phenotypic abnormality; congenital abnormality;
minor anomaly; normal values; Caucasian; school children
ID MINOR PHYSICAL ANOMALIES; ADOLESCENT ONSET SCHIZOPHRENIA;
CONGENITAL-ANOMALIES; PERINATAL COMPLICATIONS; INCREASED PREVALENCE;
DYSMORPHIC FEATURES; MENTAL-RETARDATION; CHILDHOOD AUTISM;
CEREBRAL-PALSY; HIGH-RISK
AB Clinical morphology has proven to be a strong tool in the delineation of many syndromes and a helpful instrument in molecular studies. Numerous studies have been performed investigating the prevalence of minor anomalies in various disorders; all concluding that minor anomalies can well be utilized as indicators of altered embryonic differentiation. However, for adequate evaluation, normal values for phenotypic abnormalities are essential. So far, only few studies on the frequency of phenotypic abnormalities in the normal population have been clone having one thing in common: all were performed in newborn infants. We studied morphological characteristics in a group of 1,007 school children, representative for the Dutch population, through a body Surface examination using detailed definitions for all morphological findings. The region of study and distribution of children over various school types was chosen in Such a way that it represented the general Dutch population. The median age of the studied children was 11 years (range 8-14 years), sex ratio (M:F) was 0.93. Nine hundred twenty-three children were of Caucasian descent, 84 others of mixed ethnic backgrounds. The reliability of the examinations was tested by independent scoring of 111 children by two observers, showing a kappa score of 0.85. Normal values for the morphological findings are presented together with their age-adjusted classification. These normal values provide a valuable source for validation of classifications of phenotypic abnormalities, especially those that are depending on frequency, that is, minor anomalies and common variants. Furthermore, they will allow a proper evaluation of patterns of phenotypic abnormalities found in patient groups with specific disorders. (c) 2006 Wiley-Liss, Inc.
C1 Emma Childrens Hosp, Acad Med Ctr, Dept Pediat Oncol, NL-1105 AZ Amsterdam, Netherlands.
Emma Childrens Hosp, Acad Med Ctr, Dept Pediat Genet, Amsterdam, Netherlands.
Community Hlth Care Dept Kennemerland, Dept Epidemiol, Haarlem, Netherlands.
Community Hlth Care Dept Kennemerland, Dept Youth Hlth Care, Haarlem, Netherlands.
NCI, Dept Epidemiol, Amsterdam, Netherlands.
UCL, Great Ormond St Hosp Children, Inst Child Hlth, London, England.
RP Merks, JHM (reprint author), Emma Childrens Hosp, Acad Med Ctr, Dept Pediat Oncol, Floor F8-Room 245,Meibergdreef 9, NL-1105 AZ Amsterdam, Netherlands.
EM j.h.merks@amc.uva.nl
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NR 87
TC 16
Z9 16
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI MALDEN
PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA
SN 1552-4825
J9 AM J MED GENET A
JI Am. J. Med. Genet. A
PD OCT 1
PY 2006
VL 140A
IS 19
BP 2091
EP 2109
DI 10.1002/ajmg.a.31355
PG 19
WC Genetics & Heredity
SC Genetics & Heredity
GA 091TM
UT WOS:000241051200012
PM 16838341
ER
PT J
AU Kuhn, JC
Carter, AS
AF Kuhn, Jennifer C.
Carter, Alice S.
TI Maternal self-efficacy and associated parenting cognitions among mothers
of children with autism
SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF ORTHOPSYCHIATRY
LA English
DT Article
DE autism; maternal self-efficacy; parenting stress; depression; agency
ID EARLY INTERVENTION; MEDIATIONAL ROLE; SOCIAL SUPPORT; YOUNG-CHILDREN;
MENTAL-HEALTH; DEPRESSION; STRESS; DISABILITIES; BEHAVIORS; PROGRAM
AB Feelings of competency in the parental role, termed parenting self-efficacy, have been associated with well-being and positive parenting outcomes. Given the unique stresses inherent in raising a child with autism, parents may find it challenging to maintain a positive sense of well-being and self-efficacy. Study aims were to investigate associations between maternal self-efficacy and parenting cognitions among mothers of children with autism. Mothers (n=170) completed questionnaires on paper or via the Internet. In a hierarchical linear regression, depression, parenting stress, agency, and guilt each accounted for unique variance in maternal self-efficacy when controlling for time since diagnosis and the presence of a second child with a disability. Autism knowledge was not associated with parenting self-efficacy. Self-efficacy appears to be associated with well-being, agency, and feelings of guilt among mothers of children with autism. Parent- and family-based interventions designed to support parental well-being and focusing on parenting cognitions may enhance parenting self-efficacy.
C1 Univ Massachusetts, Dept Psychol, Boston, MA 02125 USA.
RP Carter, AS (reprint author), Univ Massachusetts, Dept Psychol, 100 Morrissey Blvd, Boston, MA 02125 USA.
EM alice.carter@umb.edu
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NR 50
TC 60
Z9 62
PU AMER PSYCHOLOGICAL ASSOC/EDUCATIONAL PUBLISHING FOUNDATION
PI WASHINGTON
PA 750 FIRST ST NE, WASHINGTON, DC 20002-4242 USA
SN 0002-9432
J9 AM J ORTHOPSYCHIAT
JI Am. J. Orthopsychiatr.
PD OCT
PY 2006
VL 76
IS 4
BP 564
EP 575
DI 10.1037/0002-9432.76.4.564
PG 12
WC Psychiatry; Social Work
SC Psychiatry; Social Work
GA 123FV
UT WOS:000243282700017
PM 17209724
ER
PT J
AU Flusberg, S
Tager-Flusberg, H
AF Flusberg, Stephen
Tager-Flusberg, Helen
TI Autism, language, and the folk psychology of souls
SO BEHAVIORAL AND BRAIN SCIENCES
LA English
DT Editorial Material
AB Anecdotal evidence suggests that people with autism, with known impairments in mechanisms supporting a folk psychology of mind or souls, can hold a belief in an afterlife. We focus on the role language plays, not just in acquiring the specific content of beliefs, but more significantly, in the acquisition of the concept of life after death for all people.
C1 Stanford Univ, Dept Psychol, Stanford, CA 94305 USA.
Boston Univ, Sch Med, Dept Anat & Neurobiol, Boston, MA 02118 USA.
RP Flusberg, S (reprint author), Stanford Univ, Dept Psychol, Stanford, CA 94305 USA.
EM sflus@stanford.edu; htagerf@bu.edu
RI Tager-Flusberg, Helen/D-5265-2009
CR Baron-Cohen S., 2000, UNDERSTANDING OTHER, P3
Baron-Cohen Simon, 2000, UNDERSTANDING OTHER
Castelli F, 2002, BRAIN, V125, P1839, DOI 10.1093/brain/awf189
Lakoff G., 1999, PHILOS FLESH EMBODIE
Melser D., 2004, ACT THINKING
Papineau David, 2002, THINKING CONSCIOUSNE
Rutgers AH, 2004, J CHILD PSYCHOL PSYC, V45, P1123, DOI 10.1111/j.1469-7610.2004.t01-1-00305.x
Ryle G., 1949, CONCEPT MIND
TAGERFLUSBERG H, 2005, LANGUAGE MATTERS THE
Wittgenstein Ludwig, 1953, PHILOS INVESTIGATION
NR 10
TC 0
Z9 0
PU CAMBRIDGE UNIV PRESS
PI NEW YORK
PA 32 AVENUE OF THE AMERICAS, NEW YORK, NY 10013-2473 USA
SN 0140-525X
J9 BEHAV BRAIN SCI
JI Behav. Brain Sci.
PD OCT
PY 2006
VL 29
IS 5
BP 473
EP +
PG 7
WC Psychology, Biological; Behavioral Sciences; Neurosciences
SC Psychology; Behavioral Sciences; Neurosciences & Neurology
GA 129EF
UT WOS:000243710500013
ER
PT J
AU Bradley, E
Bolton, P
AF Bradley, Elspeth
Bolton, Patrick
TI Episodic psychiatric disorders in teenagers with learning disabilities
with and without autism
SO BRITISH JOURNAL OF PSYCHIATRY
LA English
DT Article
ID PERVASIVE DEVELOPMENTAL DISORDERS; STRESSFUL LIFE EVENTS; DIAGNOSTIC
INTERVIEW; SPECTRUM DISORDERS; YOUNG-ADULTS; FOLLOW-UP; CHILDREN;
DEPRESSION; EPIDEMIOLOGY; ADOLESCENTS
AB Background Mental health problems in people with learning disabilities and autism are poorly understood.
Aims To investigate the prevalence of episodic psychiatric disorders in a sample of teenagers with learning disabilities with and without autism.
Method Teenagers with learning disabilities living in one geographical area were identified. Those with autism were matched to those without. A semistructured investigator-based interview linked to Research Diagnostic Criteria was used to assess prevalence and type of episodic disorders.
Results Significantly more individuals with autism had a lifetime episodic disorder, most commonly major depression. Two individuals with autism had bipolar affective disorder. Other episodic disorders with mood components and behaviour change were also evident, as were unclassifable disorders characterised by complex psychiatric symptoms, chronicity and general deterioration. Antipsychotics and stimulants were most frequently prescribed; the former associated with episodic disorder, the latter with autism.
Conclusions Teenagers with learning disabilities and autism have higher rates of episodic psychiatric disorders than those with learning disabilities alone.
C1 Surrey Pl Ctr, Toronto, ON M5S 2C2, Canada.
Univ Toronto, Dept Psychiat, Toronto, ON, Canada.
Inst Psychiat, MRC, Ctr Social Genet & Dev Psychiat, London, England.
Inst Psychiat, Dept Child Psychiat, London, England.
RP Bradley, E (reprint author), Surrey Pl Ctr, 2 Surrey Pl, Toronto, ON M5S 2C2, Canada.
EM e.bradley@utoronto.ca
RI Bolton, Patrick/E-8501-2010
OI Bolton, Patrick/0000-0002-5270-6262
CR American Psychiatric Association, 2000, DIAGN STAT MAN MENT
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NR 37
TC 36
Z9 36
PU ROYAL COLLEGE OF PSYCHIATRISTS
PI LONDON
PA BRITISH JOURNAL OF PSYCHIATRY 17 BELGRAVE SQUARE, LONDON SW1X 8PG,
ENGLAND
SN 0007-1250
J9 BRIT J PSYCHIAT
JI Br. J. Psychiatry
PD OCT
PY 2006
VL 189
BP 361
EP 366
DI 10.1192/bjp.bp.105.018127
PG 6
WC Psychiatry
SC Psychiatry
GA 099HV
UT WOS:000241585100010
PM 17012660
ER
PT J
AU Lepisto, T
Silokallio, S
Nieminen-von Wendt, T
Alku, P
Naatanen, R
Kujala, T
AF Lepisto, T.
Silokallio, S.
Nieminen-von Wendt, T.
Alku, P.
Naatanen, R.
Kujala, T.
TI Auditory perception and attention as reflected by the brain
event-related potentials in children with Asperger syndrome
SO CLINICAL NEUROPHYSIOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE Asperger syndrome; auditory processing; event-related potentials (ERP);
mismatch negativity (MMN); P3a
ID HIGH-FUNCTIONING AUTISM; MISMATCH NEGATIVITY; EVOKED POTENTIALS; JOINT
ATTENTION; SPEECH; DISCRIMINATION; INDIVIDUALS; INFORMATION;
DYSFUNCTION; IMPAIRMENT
AB Objective: Language development is delayed and deviant in individuals with autism, but proceeds quite normally in those with Asperger syndrome (AS). We investigated auditory-discrimination and orienting in children with AS using an event-related potential (ERP) paradigm that was previously applied to children with autism.
Methods: ERPs were measured to pitch, duration, and phonetic changes in vowels and to corresponding changes in non-speech sounds. Active sound discrimination was evaluated with a sound-identification task.
Results: The mismatch negativity (MMN), indexing sound-discrimination accuracy, showed right-hemisphere dominance in the AS group, but not in the controls. Furthermore, the children with AS had diminished MMN-amplitudes and decreased hit rates for duration changes. In contrast, their MMN to speech pitch changes was parietally enhanced. The P3a, reflecting involuntary orienting to changes, was diminished in the children with AS for speech pitch and phoneme changes, but not for the corresponding non-speech changes.
Conclusions: The children with AS differ from controls with respect to their sound-discrimination and orienting abilities.
Significance: The results of the children with AS are relatively similar to those earlier obtained from children with autism using the same paradigm, although these clinical groups differ markedly in their language development. (c) 2006 International Federation of Clinical Neurophysiology. Published by Elsevier Ireland Ltd. All rights reserved.
C1 Univ Helsinki, Dept Psychol, Cognit Brain Res Unit, FIN-00014 Helsinki, Finland.
Helsinki Brain Res Ctr, Helsinki, Finland.
Univ Helsinki, Dept Child Neurol, Hosp Children & Adolescents, FIN-00014 Helsinki, Finland.
Helsinki Asperger Ctr, Med Ctr Dextra, Helsinki, Finland.
Helsinki Univ Technol, Lab Acoust & Audio Signal Proc, Helsinki, Finland.
Univ Helsinki, Helsinki Coll Adv Studies, Helsinki, Finland.
RP Lepisto, T (reprint author), Univ Helsinki, Dept Psychol, Cognit Brain Res Unit, POB 9, FIN-00014 Helsinki, Finland.
EM tuulia.lepisto@helsinki.fi
RI Alku, Paavo/E-2400-2012
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NR 41
TC 46
Z9 48
PU ELSEVIER IRELAND LTD
PI CLARE
PA ELSEVIER HOUSE, BROOKVALE PLAZA, EAST PARK SHANNON, CO, CLARE, 00000,
IRELAND
SN 1388-2457
J9 CLIN NEUROPHYSIOL
JI Clin. Neurophysiol.
PD OCT
PY 2006
VL 117
IS 10
BP 2161
EP 2171
DI 10.1016/j.clinph.2006.06.709
PG 11
WC Clinical Neurology; Neurosciences
SC Neurosciences & Neurology
GA 097IT
UT WOS:000241441400006
PM 16890012
ER
PT J
AU Coyle, JT
Barchas, J
AF Coyle, Joseph T.
Barchas, Jack
TI Untitled
SO CLINICAL NEUROSCIENCE RESEARCH
LA English
DT Editorial Material
ID INFANTILE-AUTISM
CR Bettelheim B., 1967, EMPTY FORTRESS INFAN
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NR 7
TC 0
Z9 0
PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND
SN 1566-2772
J9 CLIN NEUROSCI RES
JI Clin. Neurosci. Res.
PD OCT
PY 2006
VL 6
IS 3-4
BP 111
EP 112
DI 10.1016/j.cnr.2006.09.001
PG 2
WC Clinical Neurology; Neurosciences
SC Neurosciences & Neurology
GA 111WJ
UT WOS:000242486200001
ER
PT J
AU Folstein, SE
AF Folstein, Susan E.
TI The clinical spectrum of autism
SO CLINICAL NEUROSCIENCE RESEARCH
LA English
DT Article; Proceedings Paper
CT 85th Annual Conference of the
Association-for-Reseach-in-Nervous-and-Mental-Disease
CY DEC 01-02, 2005
CL New York, NY
SP Assoc Res Nervous & Mental Dis
DE clinical features; diagnosis; autism spectrum
AB Autism, as defined by Kanner in 1943, required two features: the abnormal development of social relationships and the obsessive desire for the maintenance of sameness. This definition was applied only to children without dysmorphic features (except macrocephaly) and without profound mental retardation. This definition resulted in a strongly familial disorder. Family members of such cases have not only strictly defined autism but the milder Pervasive Developmental Disorder, Not Otherwise Specified (PDDNOS), and Asperger syndrome as well as milder social dysfunction, obsessional personality characteristics, language and reading disorders, and anxiety and depression. Some of these conditions have come to be called "autism spectrum disorders". Family members of strictly defined autism cases do not tend to have mental retardation, even when the proband with autism may have marked cognitive impairment and limited language. Another group of children that often meet modern criteria for autism and PDDNOS are those with profound mental retardation (IQ < 35 or 40), children with dysmorphic facial features, specific genetic conditions, such as tuberous sclerosis or Retts syndrome, and children who have suffered certain kinds of severe encephalitis at an early age. These children are etiologically very heterogeneous and need to be considered separately in studies of etiology and mechanism. (C) 2006 Association for Research in Nervous and Mental Disease. Published by Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
C1 Johns Hopkins Sch Med, Baltimore, MD 21210 USA.
RP Folstein, SE (reprint author), Johns Hopkins Sch Med, 111 Hamlet Hill Rd,406, Baltimore, MD 21210 USA.
EM sfolstein@rcn.com
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NR 15
TC 11
Z9 11
PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND
SN 1566-2772
J9 CLIN NEUROSCI RES
JI Clin. Neurosci. Res.
PD OCT
PY 2006
VL 6
IS 3-4
BP 113
EP 117
DI 10.1016/j.cnr.2006.06.008
PG 5
WC Clinical Neurology; Neurosciences
SC Neurosciences & Neurology
GA 111WJ
UT WOS:000242486200002
ER
PT J
AU Grether, JK
AF Grether, Judith K.
TI Epidemiology of autism: Current controversies and research directions
SO CLINICAL NEUROSCIENCE RESEARCH
LA English
DT Article; Proceedings Paper
CT 85th Annual Conference of the
Association-for-Reseach-in-Nervous-and-Mental-Disease
CY DEC 01-02, 2005
CL New York, NY
SP Assoc Res Nervous & Mental Dis
DE autism epidemiology; autism prevalence; autism surveillance; autism risk
factors; early biologic markers
ID SHORT INTERPREGNANCY INTERVALS; PERINATAL RISK-FACTORS; SPECTRUM
DISORDERS; PATERNAL AGE; NEUROANATOMICAL OBSERVATIONS; CHANGING
PREVALENCE; NEUROTROPHIC FACTOR; INFANTILE-AUTISM; NEONATAL BLOOD;
UNITED-STATES
AB In many respects, the epidemiology of autism is still in its infancy. Although important questions remain unanswered, epidemiologists are making significant progress in several areas of inquiry that will be addressed in this presentation: How common is autism? Has the prevalence changed over time? What demographic and environmental risk factors have been identified that may provide clues to underlying etiology? What research is being done to search for early biologic markers for autism and related disorders? Epidemiologists like to count "cases" to estimate the frequency with which autism occurs in a population. However, prevalence estimates are heavily influenced by the methodology used for identification of affected individuals, making it difficult to compare prevalence across different time periods or populations. Current estimates of autism prevalence based on different methodologies and factors contributing to observed time trends will be provided for consideration. The tools of epidemiology are also useful for identifying demographic and environmental risk factors that may provide clues to underlying etiology. Preliminary data will be presented from large California studies on characteristics of parents and newborns that are associated with risk of autism. Finally, in collaboration with basic scientists, slow progress is being made in identifying and evaluating early biologic markers for autism. Current studies will be described and preliminary data on newborns presented. Published by Elsevier B.V. on behalf of Association for Research in Nervous and Mental Disease.
C1 Calif Dept Hlth Serv, Environm Hlth Invest Branch, Calif CADDRE, Richmond, CA 94804 USA.
RP Grether, JK (reprint author), Calif Dept Hlth Serv, Environm Hlth Invest Branch, Calif CADDRE, 850 Marina Bay,Pkwy Bldg P,3rd Floor, Richmond, CA 94804 USA.
EM jgrether@dhs.ca.gov
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NR 52
TC 10
Z9 10
PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND
SN 1566-2772
J9 CLIN NEUROSCI RES
JI Clin. Neurosci. Res.
PD OCT
PY 2006
VL 6
IS 3-4
BP 119
EP 126
DI 10.1016/j.cnr.2006.06.009
PG 8
WC Clinical Neurology; Neurosciences
SC Neurosciences & Neurology
GA 111WJ
UT WOS:000242486200003
ER
PT J
AU Casanova, MF
van Kooten, I
Switala, AE
van Engeland, H
Heinsen, H
Steinbusch, HWM
Hof, PR
Schmitz, C
AF Casanova, M. F.
van Kooten, I.
Switala, A. E.
van Engeland, H.
Heinsen, H.
Steinbusch, H. W. M.
Hof, P. R.
Schmitz, C.
TI Abnormalities of cortical minicolumnar organization in the prefrontal
lobes of autistic patients
SO CLINICAL NEUROSCIENCE RESEARCH
LA English
DT Article; Proceedings Paper
CT 85th Annual Conference of the
Association-for-Reseach-in-Nervous-and-Mental-Disease
CY DEC 01-02, 2005
CL New York, NY
SP Assoc Res Nervous & Mental Dis
DE minicolumns; autism; pervasive developmental disorders of childhood
(PDD); neocortex; neuropathology; prefrontal cortex
ID HIGH-FUNCTIONING AUTISM; CHILDHOOD AUTISM; MAJOR DETERMINANT;
CEREBRAL-CORTEX; FRONTAL-CORTEX; BRAIN; CONNECTIVITY; INDIVIDUALS;
HYPOTHESIS; EVOLUTION
AB Recent functional imaging studies suggest deficits in connectivity between disparate and distant regions in the brains of autistic individuals. One possible explanation to these findings is the presence of modular abnormalities in the neocortex of autistic patients: a change in neuronal specialization within minicolumns that emphasizes short connecting fibers. In this study, we expand on previous findings by exploring the topography of minicolumnar abnormalities in autism. Our postmortem study included six patients with autism (DSM-IV-TR and ADI-R diagnosed) and six age-matched controls. Entire brain hemispheres were celloidin embedded, serially sectioned, and stained with gallocyanin. Digital photomicrographs of n = 9 cortical areas (including paralimbic, heteromodal association, unimodal association, and primary areas) obtained at high magnification were assembled into montages covering the entire cortical thickness. Stained cell somata were segmented from neuropil by thresholding. Computer image analysis clustered neurons into minicolumnar fragments. The full width of the image region nearest each fragment and the width of the cell-dense core of the fragment were estimated. The difference between these two quantities can be used as a measure of the peripheral neuropil space of minicolumns. We found an interaction of diagnosis and region for peripheral neuropil space (p = 0.041). Post hoe analysis revealed significant differences (p < 0.05) for the frontopolar region (area 10) and the anterior cingulate gyrus (area 24). The frontopolar cortex is involved in executive functions by implementing control over internally generated thoughts and relational integration (combination of multiple cognitive rules). The anterior cingulate gyrus is involved in the analysis of socially salient information, including the processing of familiar faces. Pathological findings in these areas may provide a correlate to some of the more salient manifestations of autism. (C) 2006 Association for Research in Nervous and Mental Disease. Published by Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
C1 Univ Louisville, Dept Psychiat & Behav Sci, Louisville, KY 40292 USA.
Univ Med Ctr, Dept Child & Adolescent Psychiat, Utrecht, Netherlands.
Maastricht Univ, Dept Cellular Neurosci, Maastricht, Netherlands.
European Grad Sch Neurosci, Maastricht, Netherlands.
Univ Wurzburg, Morphol Brain Res Unit, Wurzburg, Germany.
CUNY Mt Sinai Sch Med, Dept Neurosci, New York, NY 10029 USA.
RP Casanova, MF (reprint author), Univ Louisville, Dept Psychiat & Behav Sci, Louisville, KY 40292 USA.
EM M0CASA02@louisville.edu
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NR 82
TC 26
Z9 26
PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND
SN 1566-2772
J9 CLIN NEUROSCI RES
JI Clin. Neurosci. Res.
PD OCT
PY 2006
VL 6
IS 3-4
BP 127
EP 133
DI 10.1016/j.cnr.2006.06.003
PG 7
WC Clinical Neurology; Neurosciences
SC Neurosciences & Neurology
GA 111WJ
UT WOS:000242486200004
ER
PT J
AU Mosconi, M
Zwaigenbaum, L
Piven, J
AF Mosconi, Matthew
Zwaigenbaum, Lonnie
Piven, Joseph
TI Structural MRI in autism: Findings and future directions
SO CLINICAL NEUROSCIENCE RESEARCH
LA English
DT Article; Proceedings Paper
CT 85th Annual Conference of the
Association-for-Reseach-in-Nervous-and-Mental-Disease
CY DEC 01-02, 2005
CL New York, NY
SP Assoc Res Nervous & Mental Dis
ID MAGNETIC-RESONANCE IMAGES; HIGH-FUNCTIONING AUTISM; MATTER VOLUME
INCREASE; CORPUS-CALLOSUM; HUMAN BRAIN; HEAD CIRCUMFERENCE;
POSTERIOR-FOSSA; SPECTRUM DISORDERS; INFANTILE-AUTISM; YOUNG-CHILDREN
AB Structural MRI studies of the brain in autism have yielded inconsistent results until recent years. Studies over the past decade have revealed several exciting new findings and have fostered novel hypotheses about the onset and etiology of this disorder. The most consistent MRI finding in autism is that the brain is enlarged. Studies have suggested that brain overgrowth may be most robust early in development, but increased brain volume has been observed throughout adolescence and early adult life. Retrospective head circumference studies have indicated that the onset of brain enlargement may occur during the latter part of the first year of life and does not appear to be present at birth. Recent studies of infant siblings of children with autism suggest that the onset of the core behavioral features of autism also occur during the latter part of the first year of life and may not be present by 6 months of age. The coincident timing of the onset of brain and behavioral abnormalities in autism suggests that these features may be related. Future longitudinal MRI studies of infant siblings of children with autism will help elucidate this relationship and potentially delineate the pathogenesis of this disorder. Additional findings from structural MRI studies of autism have begun to map patterns of brain overgrowth across cortical lobes and tissue types (gray and white matter). These studies are somewhat inconsistent, but suggest generalized overgrowth affecting both cortical gray and cortical white matter, as well as several subcortical structures. The diffuse network of regions affected has shifted research attention from hypotheses about specific regions and structures to more widespread mechanisms involving neural circuits and diffuse mechanisms at the neuronal level. These findings, their implications for our understanding of the pathogenesis of autism, and future directions for structural MRI studies of autism are discussed. (C) 2006 Association for Research in Nervous and Mental Disease. Published by Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
C1 Univ N Carolina, Neurodev Disorders Res Ctr, Chapel Hill, NC 27599 USA.
Univ N Carolina, Dept Psychiat, Chapel Hill, NC 27599 USA.
Univ N Carolina, Dept Psychol, Chapel Hill, NC USA.
Glenrose Rehabil Hosp, Capital Hlth, Edmonton, AB, Canada.
Univ Alberta, Dept Pediat, Edmonton, AB, Canada.
RP Piven, J (reprint author), Univ N Carolina, Neurodev Disorders Res Ctr, Chapel Hill, NC 27599 USA.
EM joe_piven@med.unc.edu
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NR 80
TC 6
Z9 9
PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND
SN 1566-2772
J9 CLIN NEUROSCI RES
JI Clin. Neurosci. Res.
PD OCT
PY 2006
VL 6
IS 3-4
BP 135
EP 144
DI 10.1016/j.cnr.2006.06.010
PG 10
WC Clinical Neurology; Neurosciences
SC Neurosciences & Neurology
GA 111WJ
UT WOS:000242486200005
ER
PT J
AU Golarai, G
Grill-Spector, K
Reiss, AL
AF Golarai, Golijeh
Grill-Spector, Kalanit
Reiss, Allan L.
TI Autism and the development of face processing
SO CLINICAL NEUROSCIENCE RESEARCH
LA English
DT Article; Proceedings Paper
CT 85th Annual Conference of the
Association-for-Reseach-in-Nervous-and-Mental-Disease
CY DEC 01-02, 2005
CL New York, NY
SP Assoc Res Nervous & Mental Dis
ID HUMAN EXTRASTRIATE CORTEX; OTHER-RACE FACES;
POSITRON-EMISSION-TOMOGRAPHY; EMOTIONAL FACIAL EXPRESSIONS; BIOLOGICAL
MOTION PERCEPTION; BILATERAL AMYGDALA DAMAGE; EVENT-RELATED POTENTIALS;
SPECTRUM DISORDER; TEMPORAL CORTEX; YOUNG-CHILDREN
AB Autism is a pervasive developmental condition, characterized by impairments in non-verbal communication, social relationships and stereotypical patterns of behavior. A large body of evidence suggests that several aspects of face processing are impaired in autism, including anomalies in gaze processing, memory for facial identity and recognition of facial expressions of emotion. In search of neural markers of anomalous face processing in autism, much interest has focused on a network of brain regions that are implicated in social cognition and face processing. In this review, we will focus on three such regions, namely the STS for its role in processing gaze and facial movements, the FFA in face detection and identification and the amygdala in processing facial expressions of emotion. Much evidence suggests that a better understanding of the normal development of these specialized regions is essential for discovering the neural bases of face processing anomalies in autism. Thus, we will also examine the available literature on the normal development of face processing. Key unknowns in this research area are the neuro-developmental processes, the role of experience and the interactions among components of the face processing system in shaping each of the specialized regions for processing faces during normal development and in autism.
C1 Stanford Univ, Sch Med, Dept Psychiat & Behav Sci, Stanford, CA 94305 USA.
Stanford Univ, Dept Psychol, Stanford, CA 94305 USA.
Stanford Univ, Program Neurosci, Stanford, CA 94305 USA.
RP Golarai, G (reprint author), Stanford Univ, Sch Med, Dept Psychiat & Behav Sci, Stanford, CA 94305 USA.
EM ggolarai@psych.stanford.edu
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NR 224
TC 34
Z9 38
PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND
SN 1566-2772
J9 CLIN NEUROSCI RES
JI Clin. Neurosci. Res.
PD OCT
PY 2006
VL 6
IS 3-4
BP 145
EP 160
DI 10.1016/j.cnr.2006.08.001
PG 16
WC Clinical Neurology; Neurosciences
SC Neurosciences & Neurology
GA 111WJ
UT WOS:000242486200006
ER
PT J
AU Grice, DE
Buxbaum, JD
AF Grice, D. E.
Buxbaum, J. D.
TI The genetic architecture of autism and related disorders
SO CLINICAL NEUROSCIENCE RESEARCH
LA English
DT Article; Proceedings Paper
CT 85th Annual Conference of the
Association-for-Reseach-in-Nervous-and-Mental-Disease
CY DEC 01-02, 2005
CL New York, NY
SP Assoc Res Nervous & Mental Dis
DE pervasive developmental disorders; autism spectrum disorders; genetics;
linkage; association; susceptibility locus
ID HOMEOBOX-TRANSCRIPTION-FACTOR; AFFECTED SIBLING PAIRS; CARRIER SLC25A12
GENE; INFANTILE-AUTISM; SPECTRUM-DISORDER; BROADER PHENOTYPE; GLUTAMATE
CARRIER; RETT-SYNDROME; ASSOCIATION; TWIN
AB Epidemiological twin studies demonstrate that autism spectrum disorders (ASDs) represent genetic disorders. Subsequent analyses indicate that the causes of ASDs include rarer single gene mutations and chromosomal abnormalities, as well as ASDs caused by multiple interacting genes of weak effect. Genome-wide linkage analysis has identified several susceptibility loci for the ASDs, and positional and functional candidate genes have been identified that may represent susceptibility genes for the ASDs. Analysis of additional larger samples, and the use of genome-wide association and high-throughput variant detection will lead to the identification of further genes for ASDs. (C) 2006 Association for Research in Nervous and Mental Disease. Published by Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
C1 CUNY Mt Sinai Sch Med, Dept Psychiat, Lab Mol Neuropsychiat, New York, NY 10029 USA.
Univ Med & Dent New Jersey, New Jersey Med Sch, Dept Psychiat, Newark, NJ 07103 USA.
CUNY Mt Sinai Sch Med, Dept Neurosci, Lab Mol Neuropsychiat, New York, NY 10029 USA.
CUNY Mt Sinai Sch Med, Dept Geriatr & Adult Dev, Lab Mol Neuropsychiat, New York, NY 10029 USA.
RP Buxbaum, JD (reprint author), CUNY Mt Sinai Sch Med, Dept Psychiat, Lab Mol Neuropsychiat, New York, NY 10029 USA.
EM joseph.buxbaum@mssm.edu
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NR 55
TC 4
Z9 4
PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND
SN 1566-2772
J9 CLIN NEUROSCI RES
JI Clin. Neurosci. Res.
PD OCT
PY 2006
VL 6
IS 3-4
BP 161
EP 168
DI 10.1016/j.cnr.2006.06.004
PG 8
WC Clinical Neurology; Neurosciences
SC Neurosciences & Neurology
GA 111WJ
UT WOS:000242486200007
ER
PT J
AU McDougle, CJ
Stigler, KA
Erickson, CA
Posey, DJ
AF McDougle, Christopher J.
Stigler, Kimberly A.
Erickson, Craig A.
Posey, David J.
TI Pharmacology of autism
SO CLINICAL NEUROSCIENCE RESEARCH
LA English
DT Article; Proceedings Paper
CT 85th Annual Conference of the
Association-for-Reseach-in-Nervous-and-Mental-Disease
CY DEC 01-02, 2005
CL New York, NY
SP Assoc Res Nervous & Mental Dis
DE autism; psychopharmacology; aggression; dopamine; serotonin; glutamate
ID PERVASIVE DEVELOPMENTAL DISORDERS; DOUBLE-BLIND; RETROSPECTIVE ANALYSIS;
REPETITIVE THOUGHTS; INFANTILE-AUTISM; CROSSOVER TRIAL; CASE SERIES;
CHILDREN; PLACEBO; RISPERIDONE
AB The purpose of this review is to discuss the pharmacology of autistic disorder (autism) and other pervasive developmental disorders (PDDs) from the perspective of specific target symptom domains of behavior. Drug treatment strategies directed toward the following target symptom domains are included: motor hyperactivity and inattention; interfering stereotypical and repetitive behavior; aggression and self-injurious behavior (SIB); and the core social impairment of autism and other PDDs. For motor hyperactivity and inattention, studies have indicated that the alpha(2) adrenergic agonists, clonidine and guanfacine, are useful. A placebo-controlled study by the Research Units on Pediatric Psychopharmacology (RUPP) Autism Network found methylphenidate to be efficacious in 49% of subjects with various PDDs for these target symptoms. Preliminary data with the norepinephrine reuptake inhibitor atomoxetine are encouraging. For interfering stereotypical and repetitive behavior, controlled studies of the selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor fluvoxamine found the drug to be more efficacious and better tolerated in adults than children with autism and other PDDs. A recent controlled study of low-dose liquid fluoxetine found the drug more efficacious than placebo for interfering repetitive behavior and well tolerated. A large placebo-controlled study of the atypical antipsychotic risperidone found the drug to be efficacious for reducing aggression, SIB and tantrumming in 70% of children with autism and that the response was maintained for up to 6 months. Open-label studies of other atypical antipsychotics are generally encouraging. A small, single-blind study of the glutamatergic agent D-cycloserine showed significant benefit for the social withdrawal of autism. Future directions include studying coactive pharmacological treatment strategies utilizing more than one drug to target more than one target symptom domain in individuals with autism and other PDDs. (C) 2006 Association for Research in Nervous and Mental Disease. Published by Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
C1 Indiana Univ, Sch Med, Dept Psychiat, Indianapolis, IN 46202 USA.
RP McDougle, CJ (reprint author), Indiana Univ, Sch Med, Dept Psychiat, 1111 W 10th St,PB A305, Indianapolis, IN 46202 USA.
EM cmdougl@iupui.edu
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NR 50
TC 10
Z9 10
PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND
SN 1566-2772
J9 CLIN NEUROSCI RES
JI Clin. Neurosci. Res.
PD OCT
PY 2006
VL 6
IS 3-4
BP 179
EP 188
DI 10.1016/j.cnr.2006.06.012
PG 10
WC Clinical Neurology; Neurosciences
SC Neurosciences & Neurology
GA 111WJ
UT WOS:000242486200009
ER
PT J
AU Lord, C
Luyster, R
AF Lord, Catherine
Luyster, Rhiannon
TI Early diagnosis of children with autism spectrum disorders
SO CLINICAL NEUROSCIENCE RESEARCH
LA English
DT Article; Proceedings Paper
CT 85th Annual Conference of the
Association-for-Reseach-in-Nervous-and-Mental-Disease
CY DEC 01-02, 2005
CL New York, NY
SP Assoc Res Nervous & Mental Dis
DE autistic disorder; longitudinal studies; early diagnosis; early
development; communication; social development
ID FOLLOW-UP; DEVELOPMENTAL DISORDERS; OBSERVATION SCHEDULE; AGE;
IDENTIFICATION; INDIVIDUALS; OUTCOMES; DELAYS; LIFE
AB Research focusing on early development in children with Autism Spectrum Disorders (ASD) has been of particular interest in recent years. A greater understanding of the accuracy of early diagnosis, as well as the developmental pathways that are observed in young children with ASD, is of both theoretical and practical importance. In accordance with these concerns, this review addresses questions about three topics: the reliability of early diagnosis, the validity of using narrow versus broad diagnostic categories, and trajectories of development in children with ASD. Findings from two prospective longitudinal studies are reviewed. The first investigation included children referred for ASD at age 2 who were followed for one year. The second study followed children referred for ASD at age 2 until age 9. Results suggested that early diagnoses can be made reliably, that there is no empirical evidence for using narrowly defined diagnostic categories within ASD and that trajectories of development showed considerable heterogeneity. (C) 2006 Association for Research in Nervous and Mental Disease. Published by Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
C1 Univ Michigan, Autism & Commun Disorders Ctr, Ann Arbor, MI 48104 USA.
RP Lord, C (reprint author), Univ Michigan, Autism & Commun Disorders Ctr, 1111 E Catherine St, Ann Arbor, MI 48104 USA.
EM celord@umich.edu
CR ANDERSON D, 2006, UNPUB J CONSULT CLIN
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NR 30
TC 15
Z9 15
PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND
SN 1566-2772
J9 CLIN NEUROSCI RES
JI Clin. Neurosci. Res.
PD OCT
PY 2006
VL 6
IS 3-4
BP 189
EP 194
DI 10.1016/j.cnr.2006.06.005
PG 6
WC Clinical Neurology; Neurosciences
SC Neurosciences & Neurology
GA 111WJ
UT WOS:000242486200010
ER
PT J
AU Allen, G
AF Allen, Greg
TI Cerebellar contributions to autism spectrum disorders
SO CLINICAL NEUROSCIENCE RESEARCH
LA English
DT Article; Proceedings Paper
CT 85th Annual Conference of the
Association-for-Reseach-in-Nervous-and-Mental-Disease
CY DEC 01-02, 2005
CL New York, NY
SP Assoc Res Nervous & Mental Dis
DE autism; cerebellum; connectivity; development; FMRI; MRI; Purkinje cells
ID FUNCTIONAL MAGNETIC-RESONANCE; POSITRON-EMISSION-TOMOGRAPHY;
HOMEOBOX-TRANSCRIPTION-FACTOR; COGNITIVE-AFFECTIVE SYNDROME;
POSTERIOR-FOSSA STRUCTURES; VOXEL-BASED MORPHOMETRY; INFANTILE-AUTISM;
MOTOR CONTROL; SELECTIVE VULNERABILITY; SHIFTING ATTENTION
AB The pathophysiology of autism appears to encompass a number of different brain structures and systems. However, the most consistent site of neural abnormality in autism is the cerebellum. Postmortem investigations have reported a variety of anomalies, most notably a reduction in the number of Purkinje neurons. Additionally, structural neuroimaging studies have shown volumetric changes in the cerebellum, including decreases in gray matter and increases in white matter. Emerging evidence for cerebellar abnormality in autism was paralleled by a revolution in our understanding of normal cerebellar function and cerebellar connectivity, such that the importance of elucidating the contributions of the cerebellum to autism is now clear. In fact, recent brain-behavior correlation studies suggest that cerebellar abnormality may play a more central role in autism than previously thought. At present, it is crucial that we increase our understanding of cerebellar functioning in autism, and functional neuroimaging studies are just beginning to reveal the possible role(s) of cerebellar dysfunction in this disorder. In this review, evidence for cerebellar anatomic and functional abnormality in autism will be delineated. This will be followed by consideration of the implications of cerebellar abnormality in autism. Two major questions will be addressed: (1) how might dysfunction of the cerebellum impact the development of connectivity between the cerebellum and other brain systems, and (2) how might cerebellar dysfunction impact behavior and the symptoms of autism. The paper concludes with a discussion of how cerebellar abnormalities might inform our understanding of the etiology of autism spectrum disorders. (C) 2006 Association for Research in Nervous and Mental Disease. Published by Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
C1 Univ Texas, SW Med Ctr, Dept Psychiat, Dallas, TX 75390 USA.
Univ Texas, Sch Behav & Brain Sci, Program Cognit & Neurosci, Dallas, TX 75230 USA.
RP Allen, G (reprint author), Univ Texas, SW Med Ctr, Dept Psychiat, 5323 Harry Hines Blvd, Dallas, TX 75390 USA.
EM greg.allen@utsouthwestern.edu
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NR 176
TC 14
Z9 14
PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND
SN 1566-2772
J9 CLIN NEUROSCI RES
JI Clin. Neurosci. Res.
PD OCT
PY 2006
VL 6
IS 3-4
BP 195
EP 207
DI 10.1016/j.cnr.2006.06.002
PG 13
WC Clinical Neurology; Neurosciences
SC Neurosciences & Neurology
GA 111WJ
UT WOS:000242486200011
ER
PT J
AU Rapin, I
AF Rapin, Isabelle
TI Language heterogeneity and regression in the autism spectrum disorders -
Overlaps with other childhood language regression syndromes
SO CLINICAL NEUROSCIENCE RESEARCH
LA English
DT Article
CT 85th Annual Conference of the
Association-for-Reseach-in-Nervous-and-Mental-Disease
CY DEC 01-02, 2005
CL New York, NY
SP Assoc Res Nervous & Mental Dis
DE autism; autism spectrum disorders; language regression; epilepsy;
Landau-Kleffner syndrome; immunology; disintegrative disorder; Rolandic
epilepsy; children
ID LANDAU-KLEFFNER-SYNDROME; PERVASIVE DEVELOPMENTAL DISORDERS; VERBAL
AUDITORY AGNOSIA; PURE WORD DEAFNESS; TERM-FOLLOW-UP; CONVULSIVE
DISORDER; ACQUIRED APHASIA; TEMPORAL-LOBE; DISINTEGRATIVE DISORDER;
EPILEPTIFORM ACTIVITY
AB Some third of parents of children on the autism spectrum report that their toddler's language regressed, usually insidiously, or stagnated during a prolonged plateau. Regression was associated with loss of sociability, interest in toys, and other behavioral skills, without motor regression. After months or longer, language usually returns, but variably severe autistic features persist. Nonverbal cognitive skills may or may not be affected. Some parents recall some antecedent nonspecific illness or stressor like the absence of a parent, a move, or the birth of a sibling. Occasionally, regression seems temporally related to an epileptic seizure, suggesting an overlap with acquired epileptic aphasia (Landau-Kleffner syndrome-LKS) in which language regression is associated with either clinical seizures or subclinical perisylvian temporo-parietal epileptiform EEG activity. LKS onset peaks at 4-6 years, autistic regression before age 2 years and is infrequently associated with seizures or an epileptiform EEG, except in the rare case of disintegrative disorder, a late global autistic regression which, like LKS, may be associated with electrical status epilepticus in slow wave sleep. Mute or dysfluent children with LKS, autism, or developmental language disorders are unable to decode or have difficulty decoding acoustically presented language (speech). They are at higher risk for epilepsy than fluent children with the typically aberrant language of verbal children with autism. The pathogenesis of language regression remains unknown because autistic toddlers are rarely studied at the time of language regression so that no empirically validated effective treatment has yet been devised. (C) 2006 Association for Research in Nervous and Mental Disease. Published by Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
C1 Albert Einstein Coll Med, Rose F Kennedy Ctr Res Mental Retardat & Human De, Dept Pediat, Saul R Korey Dept Neurol, Bronx, NY 10467 USA.
RP Rapin, I (reprint author), Albert Einstein Coll Med, Rose F Kennedy Ctr Res Mental Retardat & Human De, Dept Pediat, Saul R Korey Dept Neurol, Bronx, NY 10467 USA.
EM rapin@aecom.yu.edu
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PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND
SN 1566-2772
J9 CLIN NEUROSCI RES
JI Clin. Neurosci. Res.
PD OCT
PY 2006
VL 6
IS 3-4
BP 209
EP 218
DI 10.1016/j.cnr.2006.06.011
PG 10
WC Clinical Neurology; Neurosciences
SC Neurosciences & Neurology
GA 111WJ
UT WOS:000242486200012
ER
PT J
AU Tager-Flusberg, H
AF Tager-Flusberg, Helen
TI Defining language phenotypes in autism
SO CLINICAL NEUROSCIENCE RESEARCH
LA English
DT Article; Proceedings Paper
CT 85th Annual Conference of the
Association-for-Reseach-in-Nervous-and-Mental-Disease
CY DEC 01-02, 2005
CL New York, NY
SP Assoc Res Nervous & Mental Dis
DE autism; language; phonological processing; grammar
ID NONWORD REPETITION; ASSOCIATION CORTEX; PLANUM TEMPORALE; GENETIC-BASIS;
IMPAIRMENT; CHILDREN; DISORDERS; ASYMMETRY; TWIN; SPEECH
AB All children with autism spectrum disorders have deficits in pragmatic aspects of communication; however, formal language abilities are extremely heterogeneous, ranging from nonverbal to superior linguistic skills. Recent studies have focused on defining different language phenotypes among verbal children. One subtype has been compared to specific language impairment (SLI), a language disorder that is diagnosed on the basis of delays and deficits in language acquisition in the absence of hearing impairment, frank neurological damage or co-morbid psychopathology. Two behavioral studies address the question of whether children with autism and language impairment have specific language deficits that are similar to those found in SLI. These experiments focused on phonological processing in a nonsense word repetition task, and use of grammatical morphology in conversational speech. The findings from these studies are discussed in the context of recent neuroimaging and genetic studies of autism. (C) 2006 Association for Research in Nervous and Mental Disease. Published by Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
C1 Boston Univ, Sch Med, Dept Anat & Neurobiol, Boston, MA 02118 USA.
RP Tager-Flusberg, H (reprint author), Boston Univ, Sch Med, Dept Anat & Neurobiol, 715 Albany St,L-814, Boston, MA 02118 USA.
EM htagerf@bu.edu
RI Tager-Flusberg, Helen/D-5265-2009
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NR 45
TC 45
Z9 45
PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND
SN 1566-2772
J9 CLIN NEUROSCI RES
JI Clin. Neurosci. Res.
PD OCT
PY 2006
VL 6
IS 3-4
BP 219
EP 224
DI 10.1016/j.cnr.2006.06.007
PG 6
WC Clinical Neurology; Neurosciences
SC Neurosciences & Neurology
GA 111WJ
UT WOS:000242486200013
ER
PT J
AU Perkins, C
AF Perkins, Carlos, Jr.
TI New study re-evaluates brain size-autism link
SO CNS SPECTRUMS
LA English
DT News Item
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
PU M B L COMMUNICATIONS, INC
PI NEW YORK
PA 333 HUDSON ST, 7TH FLOOR, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA
SN 1092-8529
J9 CNS SPECTRUMS
JI CNS Spectr.
PD OCT
PY 2006
VL 11
IS 10
BP 741
EP 741
PG 1
WC Clinical Neurology; Psychiatry
SC Neurosciences & Neurology; Psychiatry
GA 097KU
UT WOS:000241447100012
ER
PT J
AU Rinehart, NJ
Tonge, BJ
Iansek, R
McGinley, J
Brereton, AV
Enticott, PG
Bradshaw, JL
AF Rinehart, Nicole J.
Tonge, Bruce J.
Iansek, Robert
McGinley, Jenny
Brereton, Avril V.
Enticott, Peter G.
Bradshaw, John L.
TI Gait function in newly diagnosed children with autism: cerebellar and
basal ganglia related motor disorder
SO DEVELOPMENTAL MEDICINE AND CHILD NEUROLOGY
LA English
DT Article
ID PARKINSONS-DISEASE; CHILDHOOD AUTISM; STRIDE LENGTH; INDIVIDUALS;
MOVEMENTS
AB We investigated gait in newly diagnosed children with autism. From our previous study with 6- to 14-year-olds, we hypothesized that motor symptoms indicative of basal ganglia and cerebellar dysfunction would appear across the developmental trajectory of autism. Two groups were recruited children with autism (eight males, three females; moan age 5y 10mo [SD 9mo]; range 4y 4mo-6y 9mo) and a comparison group of typically developing children (eight males, three females; mean age 5y 9mo [SD 1y 1mo]; range 4y 3mo-1y 2mo). The GAITRite Walkway was used to gather data from average gait and intra-walk measurements. Experienced physiotherapists analyzed gait qualitatively. Groups were matched according to age, height, weight, and IQ; although not statistically significant, IQ was lower in the group with autism. Spatiotemporal gait data for children with autism were compatible with findings from patients with cerebellar ataxia: specifically, greater difficulty walking along a straight line, and the coexistence of variable stride length and duration. Children with autism were also less coordinated and rated as more variable and inconsistent (i.e. reduced smoothness) relative to the comparison group. Postural abnormalities in the head and trunk suggest additional involvement of the fronto-striatal basal ganglia region. Abnormal gait features are stable across key developmental periods and are, therefore, promising for use in clinical screening for autism.
C1 Monash Univ, Dept Psychol Med, Monash Med Ctr, Clayton, Vic 3168, Australia.
Monash Univ, Ctr Dev Psychiat, Sch Psychol Psychiat & Psychol Med, Clayton, Vic 3168, Australia.
Monash Ageing Res Ctr, Geriatr Res Unit, Kingston Ctr, Cheltenham, Glos, England.
Murdoch Childrens Res Inst, Parkville, Vic, Australia.
RP Rinehart, NJ (reprint author), Monash Univ, Dept Psychol Med, Monash Med Ctr, Level 3,Block P, Clayton, Vic 3168, Australia.
EM nicole.rinehart@med.monash.edu.au
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NR 30
TC 49
Z9 50
PU CAMBRIDGE UNIV PRESS
PI NEW YORK
PA 32 AVENUE OF THE AMERICAS, NEW YORK, NY 10013-2473 USA
SN 0012-1622
J9 DEV MED CHILD NEUROL
JI Dev. Med. Child Neurol.
PD OCT
PY 2006
VL 48
IS 10
BP 819
EP 824
DI 10.1017/S0012162206001769
PG 6
WC Clinical Neurology; Pediatrics
SC Neurosciences & Neurology; Pediatrics
GA 097JB
UT WOS:000241442200007
PM 16978461
ER
PT J
AU Nagarajan, RP
Hogart, AR
Gwye, Y
Martin, MR
LaSalle, JM
AF Nagarajan, Raman P.
Hogart, Amber R.
Gwye, Ynnez
Martin, Michelle R.
LaSalle, Janine M.
TI Reduced MeCP2 Expression is Frequent in Autism Frontal Cortex and
Correlates with Aberrant MECP2 Promoter Methylation
SO EPIGENETICS
LA English
DT Article
DE autism; DNA methylation; Rett syndrome; neurodevelopmental disorders;
MeCP2
AB Mutations in MECP2, encoding methyl CpG binding protein 2 (MeCP2), cause most cases of Rett syndrome (RTT), an X-linked neurodevelopmental disorder. Both RTT and autism are "pervasive developmental disorders" and share a loss of social, cognitive and language skills and a gain in repetitive stereotyped behavior, following apparently normal perinatal development. Although MECP2 coding mutations are a rare cause of autism, MeCP2 expression defects were previously found in autism brain. To further study the role of MeCP2 in autism spectrum disorders (ASDs), we determined the frequency of MeCP2 expression defects in brain samples from autism and other ASDs. We also tested the hypotheses that MECP2 promoter mutations or aberrant promoter methylation correlate with reduced expression in cases of idiopathic autism. MeCP2 immunofluorescence in autism and other neurodevelopmental disorders was quantified by laser scanning cytometry and compared with control postmortem cerebral cortex samples on a large tissue microarray. A significant reduction in MeCP2 expression compared to age-matched controls was found in 11/14 autism (79%), 9/9 RTT (100%), 4/4 Angelman syndrome (100%), 3/4 Prader-Willi syndrome (75%), 3/5 Down syndrome (60%), and 2/2 attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (100%) frontal cortex samples. One autism female was heterozygous for a rare MECP2 promoter variant that correlated with reduced MeCP2 expression. A more frequent occurrence was significantly increased MECP2 promoter methylation in autism male frontal cortex compared to controls. Furthermore, percent promoter methylation of MECP2 significantly correlated with reduced MeCP2 protein expression. These results suggest that both genetic and epigenetic defects lead to reduced MeCP2 expression and may be important in the complex etiology of autism.
C1 [Nagarajan, Raman P.; Hogart, Amber R.; Gwye, Ynnez; Martin, Michelle R.; LaSalle, Janine M.] Univ Calif Davis, Sch Med, Rowe Program Human Genet, Davis, CA 95616 USA.
RP LaSalle, JM (reprint author), 1 Shields Ave, Davis, CA 95616 USA.
EM jmlasalle@ucdavis.edu
FU NIH [1R01HD048799]; predoctoral fellowship (RN) from the U.C. Davis
M.I.N.D. Institute; Harvard Brain Tissue Resource Center [R24MH-068855]
FX We thank Dr. Paul Hagerman for Fragile X brain and critical review of
the manuscript. We also thank D. Yasui, S. Swanberg, S. Peddada, K.
Thatcher, and M. Baerwald for manuscript review. Human brain tissue
samples were generously provided by the Autism Tissue Program, The
University of Maryland Brain and Tissue Bank for Developmental
Disorders, The University of Miami Brain and Tissue Bank for
Developmental Disorders, and the Harvard Brain Tissue Resource Center
(supported in part by NIH R24MH-068855). This work was supported in part
by NIH 1R01HD048799 and a predoctoral fellowship (RN) from the U.C.
Davis M.I.N.D. Institute.
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NR 55
TC 31
Z9 32
PU LANDES BIOSCIENCE
PI AUSTIN
PA 1806 RIO GRANDE ST, AUSTIN, TX 78702 USA
SN 1559-2294
EI 1559-2308
J9 EPIGENETICS-US
JI Epigenetics
PD OCT-DEC
PY 2006
VL 1
IS 4
BP 172
EP 182
PG 11
WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Genetics & Heredity
SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Genetics & Heredity
GA V04NB
UT WOS:000207064000003
ER
PT J
AU Press, C
Gillmeister, H
Heyes, C
AF Press, Clare
Gillmeister, Helge
Heyes, Cecilia
TI Bottom-up, not top-down, modulation of imitation by human and robotic
models
SO EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF NEUROSCIENCE
LA English
DT Article
DE action observation; animacy; mirror system; visuomotor priming
ID PREMOTOR CORTEX; AUTOMATIC IMITATION; MIRROR NEURONS; RECOGNITION;
PERCEPTION; MECHANISMS; MOVEMENT; EMPATHY; AUTISM; BRAIN
AB Visual observation of human actions provokes more motor activation than observation of robotic actions. We investigated the extent to which this visuomotor priming effect is mediated by bottom-up or top-down processing. The bottom-up hypothesis suggests that robotic movements are less effective in activating the 'mirror system' via pathways from visual areas via the superior temporal sulcus to parietal and premotor cortices. The top-down hypothesis postulates that beliefs about the animacy of a movement stimulus modulate mirror system activity via descending pathways from areas such as the temporal pole and prefrontal cortex. In an automatic imitation task, subjects performed a prespecified movement (e.g. hand opening) on presentation of a human or robotic hand making a compatible (opening) or incompatible (closing) movement. The speed of responding on compatible trials, compared with incompatible trials, indexed visuomotor priming. In the first experiment, robotic stimuli were constructed by adding a metal and wire 'wrist' to a human hand. Questionnaire data indicated that subjects believed these movements to be less animate than those of the human stimuli but the visuomotor priming effects of the human and robotic stimuli did not differ. In the second experiment, when the robotic stimuli were more angular and symmetrical than the human stimuli, human movements elicited more visuomotor priming than the robotic movements. However, the subjects' beliefs about the animacy of the stimuli did not affect their performance. These results suggest that bottom-up processing is primarily responsible for the visuomotor priming advantage of human stimuli.
C1 UCL, Dept Psychol, London WC1H 0AP, England.
RP Press, C (reprint author), UCL, Dept Psychol, Gower St, London WC1H 0AP, England.
EM c.press@ucl.ac.uk
RI Heyes, Cecilia/F-8262-2014
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TC 34
Z9 35
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
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GA 098FL
UT WOS:000241506300031
PM 17042792
ER
PT J
AU Toro, J
Mur, M
Canto, T
AF Toro, Josep
Mur, Maria
Canto, Tomas
TI Psychiatric treatments for children and adolescents preferred by Spanish
psychiatrists
SO EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF PSYCHIATRY
LA English
DT Article
DE nationwide cross-sectional survey; medication; psychotherapy; children;
adolescents
ID OBSESSIVE-COMPULSIVE DISORDER; RANDOMIZED CONTROLLED-TRIAL; ANXIETY
DISORDERS; MEDICATION; ANTIDEPRESSANTS; COMBINATION; FLUOXETINE;
PATTERNS; YOUTHS
AB Objectives: To study the prescription criteria of Spanish psychiatrists treating children and adolescents.
Methods: a survey was designed to record their first choice and complementary preferences for pharmacological, psychotherapeutic and psychoeducational interventions in five disorders: autism, depression, separation anxiety, obsessive compulsive and attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorders.
Results: One hundred and nine psychiatrists responded. No distinction was made between children and adolescents. Around 90% recommended all three types of intervention in the five disorders. Only 2-10% would use only one treatment. Antidepressants were the most frequently prescribed drugs (recommended by 58%), followed by anxiolytics (33%), antipsychotics (24%), stimulants (20%), beta-blockers (19%), mood stabilizers (10%) and alpha-adrenergics (4%). Cognitive-behavioral therapy was the most popular approach, recommended by 66%; a third of the interviewees recommended family, support, interpersonal and dynamic psychotherapy. Interestingly, respondents quite frequently prescribe drugs, drug combinations and psychotherapies whose efficacy has not been demonstrated in the disorders in question.
Conclusions: The majority of Spanish psychiatrists preferred the combined treatments in all disorders. There seems to be a tendency towards excessive generalization of therapeutic results obtained in adults.
C1 Hosp Clin Barcelona, Inst Clin Neurociencies, Dept Child & Adolescent Psychiat Psychol, Serv Psiquiatria & Psicol Infantil & Juvenil, E-08036 Barcelona, Spain.
Univ Barcelona, Fac Med, Dept Psiquiatry & Clin Psichobiol, Barcelona 7, Spain.
Unidad Salud Mental Alicante, Alicante, Spain.
RP Toro, J (reprint author), Hosp Clin Barcelona, Inst Clin Neurociencies, Dept Child & Adolescent Psychiat Psychol, Serv Psiquiatria & Psicol Infantil & Juvenil, Villarroel 170, E-08036 Barcelona, Spain.
EM jtoro@clinic.ub.es
RI Mur Lain, Maria/C-6152-2011
OI Mur Lain, Maria/0000-0002-3312-5411
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NR 24
TC 1
Z9 1
PU EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF PSYCHIATRY
PI SARAGOOSE
PA PO BOX 6029, 50080 SARAGOOSE, SPAIN
SN 0213-6163
J9 EUR J PSYCHIAT
JI Eur. J. Psychiat.
PD OCT-DEC
PY 2006
VL 20
IS 4
BP 231
EP 241
PG 11
WC Psychiatry
SC Psychiatry
GA 135SV
UT WOS:000244174600004
ER
PT J
AU Aschner, M
Syversen, T
Souza, DO
Rocha, JBT
AF Aschner, Michael
Syversen, Tore
Souza, Diogo O.
Rocha, Joao B. T.
TI Metallothioneins: Mercury species-specific induction and their potential
role in attenuating neurotoxicity
SO EXPERIMENTAL BIOLOGY AND MEDICINE
LA English
DT Article; Proceedings Paper
CT 5th International Conference on Metallothionein
CY OCT 08-12, 2005
CL Beijing, PEOPLES R CHINA
SP Int Soc Neurochem, Nickel Producers Environm Res Assoc, Soc Toxicol, Res Western, Univ Western Ontario, Natl Nat Sci Fdn China, Minist Educ China
DE metallothionein; mercury; neurotoxicity
ID GROWTH-INHIBITORY FACTOR; NULL MICE; RAT-BRAIN; ASTROCYTE CULTURES;
GENE-EXPRESSION; MESSENGER-RNA; VAPOR; METHYLMERCURY; EXPOSURE; PROTEIN
AB Metallothionein (MT) proteins are widespread in bacteria, fungi, plants, and eukaryotic species. They are of low molecular weight (6-7 kDa) and of the 60+ amino acid residues, 20 are cysteines. Functions attributed to MTs include the sequestration and dispersal of metal ions, primarily in zinc and copper homeostasis; regulation of the biosynthesis and activity of zinc metalloproteins, most notably zinc-dependent transcription factors; and cellular cytoprotection from reactive oxygen species, ionizing radiation, electrophilic anticancer drugs and mutagens, and metals. Observations on the abundance of MTs within the central nervous system (CNS) and the identification of a brain-specific isoform, MT-III, suggest that it might have important neurophysiological and neuromodulatory functions. Reinforced by the potential involvement of MT-III in a number of neurodegenerative disorders, the role of MTs in the CNS has become an intense focus of scientific pursuit. This manuscript represents a survey on the ability of MTs to modulate mercury neurotoxicity, a neurotoxin that has been implied to play an etiologic role in Minamata disease, erethism, and autism, just to name a few.
C1 Vanderbilt Univ, Dept Pediat, Sch Med, Med Ctr, Nashville, TN 37232 USA.
Vanderbilt Univ, Dept Pharmacol, Med Ctr, Nashville, TN 37232 USA.
Vanderbilt Univ, Kennedy Ctr, Med Ctr, Nashville, TN 37232 USA.
Norwegian Univ Sci & Technol, Dept Clin Neurosci, N-7034 Trondheim, Norway.
Univ Fed Rio Grande Sul, Inst Ciencias Basicas Saude, Dept Bioquim, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil.
RP Aschner, M (reprint author), Vanderbilt Univ, Dept Pediat, Sch Med, Med Ctr, B-3307 Med Ctr N, Nashville, TN 37232 USA.
EM michael.aschner@vanderbilt.edu
RI Souza, Diogo/J-8894-2014
OI Souza, Diogo/0000-0002-4322-0404
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NR 38
TC 30
Z9 30
PU SOC EXPERIMENTAL BIOLOGY MEDICINE
PI MAYWOOD
PA 195 WEST SPRING VALLEY AVE, MAYWOOD, NJ 07607-1727 USA
SN 1535-3702
J9 EXP BIOL MED
JI Exp. Biol. Med.
PD OCT
PY 2006
VL 231
IS 9
BP 1468
EP 1473
PG 6
WC Medicine, Research & Experimental
SC Research & Experimental Medicine
GA 092XV
UT WOS:000241131900004
PM 17018868
ER
PT J
AU Kapetanovic, S
Simpson, GM
AF Kapetanovic, Suad
Simpson, George M.
TI Review of antipsychotics in children and adolescents
SO EXPERT OPINION ON PHARMACOTHERAPY
LA English
DT Review
DE antipsychotics; aripiprazole; chlorpromazine; clozapine; extrapyramidal
side effects; haloperidol; neuroleptics; olanzapine; pimozide;
quetiapine; risperidone; thioridazine; ziprasidone; zuclopenthixol
ID CHILDHOOD-ONSET SCHIZOPHRENIA; DISRUPTIVE BEHAVIOR DISORDERS; OPEN-LABEL
TRIAL; PERVASIVE DEVELOPMENTAL DISORDERS; NEUROLEPTIC MALIGNANT
SYNDROME; AUTISM SPECTRUM DISORDERS; AGGRESSIVE YOUTH TRAAY; LONG-TERM
RISPERIDONE; DOUBLE-BLIND; TOURETTES-SYNDROME
AB The use of antipsychotics in children and adolescents in the clinical setting is increasing. This article reviews 77 clinical trials published in the last 10 years, investigating their efficacy, effectiveness, safety and pharmacokinetic data in paediatric populations. The diagnostic categories in which the antipsychotics are commonly used (schizophrenia, pervasive developmental disorders, Tourette's disorder, mental retardation/subaverage intelligence, mood disorders and disruptive behaviour disorders) were used in order to review the evidence and effectiveness. All randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled trials from the past decade are also summarised. This review refers to recent relevant practice parameters, guidelines and reviews throughout the text Consistent with previous reviews, it is concluded that the recent trend of increased use of antipsychotics in children and adolescents is not adequately supported by evidence. Specific suggestions have been provided on how to. incorporate the existing evidence base into clinical decision making. The review ends with the authors' opinion on the clinical and. research implications for the field and future directions.
C1 Univ So Calif, Keck Sch Med, Dept Psychiat, Div Child & Adolescent Psychiat, Los Angeles, CA 90033 USA.
RP Kapetanovic, S (reprint author), Univ So Calif, Keck Sch Med, Dept Psychiat, Div Child & Adolescent Psychiat, 2020 Zonal Ave,IRD Bldg,Room 13, Los Angeles, CA 90033 USA.
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NR 94
TC 20
Z9 19
PU INFORMA HEALTHCARE
PI LONDON
PA TELEPHONE HOUSE, 69-77 PAUL STREET, LONDON EC2A 4LQ, ENGLAND
SN 1465-6566
J9 EXPERT OPIN PHARMACO
JI Expert Opin. Pharmacother.
PD OCT
PY 2006
VL 7
IS 14
BP 1871
EP 1885
DI 10.1517/14656566.7.14.1871
PG 15
WC Pharmacology & Pharmacy
SC Pharmacology & Pharmacy
GA 091GN
UT WOS:000241015200003
PM 17020414
ER
PT J
AU Hviid, A
AF Hviid, Anders
TI Postlicensure epidemiology of childhood vaccination: the Danish
experience
SO EXPERT REVIEW OF VACCINES
LA English
DT Review
DE epidemiology; immunization; postlicensure; vaccines
ID RUBELLA VACCINATION; ROUTINE VACCINATION; DIABETES-MELLITUS;
UNITED-STATES; PERTUSSIS; MEASLES; MUMPS; IMMUNIZATION; AUTISM; CHILDREN
AB The efficacy, the ability to confer protection against a target disease and the safety of a vaccine are assessed in great detail before licensure. However, inherent limitations in the prelicensure assessment necessitate continued epidemiological evaluations of efficacy and safety issues after the introduction of vaccines into use. In Denmark, the opportunities available for epidemiological research are unique. In 2001, an initiative was undertaken to take advantage of these opportunities to study the postlicensure epidemiology of childhood vaccination with respect to effectiveness and safety. First, we describe the unique opportunities for postlicensure research in Denmark with respect to the data sources available and the epidemiological and statistical methods used. We then describe a number of recent postlicensure studies of effectiveness and safety that took advantage of these opportunities. Specifically, studies on the effectiveness of Hoemophilus influenzoe type b vaccination, the effectiveness of pertussis vaccination, the impact of a preschool pertussis booster on infant pertussis, measles-mumps-rubella vaccine and autism, thimerosal-containing vaccine and autism, measles-mumps-rubella vaccine and febrile seizures, childhood vaccination and Type I diabetes, and childhood vaccination and nontargeted infectious disease are discussed.
C1 Statens Serum Inst, Dept Epidemiol Res, DK-2300 Copenhagen S, Denmark.
RP Hviid, A (reprint author), Statens Serum Inst, Dept Epidemiol Res, Artillerivej 5, DK-2300 Copenhagen S, Denmark.
EM aii@ssi.dk
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NR 51
TC 22
Z9 22
PU FUTURE DRUGS LTD
PI LONDON
PA UNITEC HOUSE, 3RD FL, 2 ALBERT PLACE, FINCHLEY CENTRAL, LONDON N3 1QB,
ENGLAND
SN 1476-0584
J9 EXPERT REV VACCINES
JI Expert Rev. Vaccines
PD OCT
PY 2006
VL 5
IS 5
BP 641
EP 649
DI 10.1586/14760584.5.5.641
PG 9
WC Immunology
SC Immunology
GA 116NV
UT WOS:000242810500014
PM 17181438
ER
PT J
AU Boso, M
Politi, P
Barale, F
Emanuele, E
AF Boso, Marianna
Politi, Pierluigi
Barale, Francesco
Emanuele, Enzo
TI Neurophysiology and neurobiology of the musical experience
SO FUNCTIONAL NEUROLOGY
LA English
DT Review
DE electrophysiology; music; music therapy; neuroimaging neurology;
psychiatry
ID BRAIN-REGIONS; INVESTIGATING EMOTION; SEIZURES; RESPONSES; CORRELATE;
LANGUAGE; BEHAVIOR; THERAPY; SYSTEM; SONG
AB Music, a universal art form that exists in every culture around the world, is integral to a number of social and courtship activities, and is closely associated with other creative behaviours such as dancing. Recently, neuroimaging studies have allowed researchers to investigate the neural correlates of music processing and perception in the brain. Notably, musical stimuli have been shown to activate specific pathways in several brain areas associated with emotional behaviours, such as the insular and cingulate cortex, hypothalamus, hippocampus, amygdala, and prefrontal cortex. In addition, neurochemical studies have suggested that several biochemical mediators, such as endorphins, endocannabinoids, dopamine and nitric oxide, may play a role in the musical experience. A growing body of evidence also indicates that music therapy could be useful in the clinical management of numerous neurological and psychiatric disorders. Indeed, music therapy could be effective in patients with neurodegenerative disorders, such as Alzheimer's dementia and Parkinson's disease, as well as in psychiatric illnesses, such as schizophrenia, depression, anxiety and autism spectrum disorders.
Unfortunately, there is still a shortage of rigorous scientific data supporting the clinical application of music therapy, and there is thus a need to confirm and expand the preliminary findings regarding the potential and actual effectiveness of music therapy. This need should be addressed through prospective, randomized, controlled, single-blinded investigations of the short- and long-term effects of music therapy in diverse clinical conditions.
C1 Univ Pavia, Sect Psychiat, Dept Appl & Psychobehav Hlth Sci, I-27100 Pavia, Italy.
Univ Pavia, CIRMC, Interdept Ctr Res Mol Med, I-27100 Pavia, Italy.
RP Boso, M (reprint author), Univ Pavia, Dept Appl & Psychobehav, Via Palestro 3, I-27100 Pavia, Italy.
EM m_boso@yahoo.it
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NR 35
TC 45
Z9 47
PU C I C-EDIZIONI INT SRL
PI ROME
PA CORSO TRIESTE, 42, 00198 ROME, ITALY
SN 0393-5264
J9 FUNCT NEUROL
JI Funct. Neurol.
PD OCT-DEC
PY 2006
VL 21
IS 4
BP 187
EP 191
PG 5
WC Neurosciences
SC Neurosciences & Neurology
GA 162HQ
UT WOS:000246078000003
PM 17367577
ER
PT J
AU Lane, AE
AF Lane, Alison E.
TI The science and fiction of autism
SO HEALTH
LA English
DT Book Review
C1 Univ S Australia, Sch Hlth Sci, Adelaide, SA 5001, Australia.
Univ S Australia, Sansom Inst, Adelaide, SA 5001, Australia.
RP Lane, AE (reprint author), Univ S Australia, Sch Hlth Sci, Adelaide, SA 5001, Australia.
RI Lane, Alison/E-3460-2011
CR American Psychiatric Association, 1994, DIAGN STAT MAN MENT, V4th
Dempsey I., 2001, INT J DISABIL DEV ED, V48, P103
Schreibman L., 2005, SCI FICTION AUTISM
Volkmar FR, 2004, J CHILD PSYCHOL PSYC, V45, P135, DOI 10.1046/j.0021-9630.2003.00317.x
NR 4
TC 0
Z9 0
PU SAGE PUBLICATIONS LTD
PI LONDON
PA 1 OLIVERS YARD, 55 CITY ROAD, LONDON EC1Y 1SP, ENGLAND
SN 1363-4593
J9 HEALTH
JI Health
PD OCT
PY 2006
VL 10
IS 4
BP 523
EP 526
DI 10.1177/1363459306070295
PG 4
WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Social Sciences, Biomedical
SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Biomedical Social Sciences
GA 101HE
UT WOS:000241731100011
ER
PT J
AU Zinner, SH
AF Zinner, Samuel H.
TI Tourette syndrome in infancy and early childhood
SO INFANTS & YOUNG CHILDREN
LA English
DT Article
DE attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder; basal ganglia; blinking;
child; comorbidity; learning disability; obsessive-compulsive disorder;
social support; tics; Tourette syndrome
ID DEFICIT HYPERACTIVITY DISORDER; OBSESSIVE-COMPULSIVE DISORDER;
MONOZYGOTIC TWINS; TIC SEVERITY; CHILDREN; PREVALENCE; EXPRESSION;
ETIOLOGY; BEHAVIOR; AUTISM
AB Although it is the presence of motor and phonic tics that defines Tourette syndrome (TS), explorations over the past two decades have uncovered a complex and multidimensional nature of this genetic-based neurological disorder. Tics customarily first become apparent during the latter half of the first decade of life, although they may occur earlier, including during infancy. However, associated "comorbid" conditions, rather than tics, usually determine the functional and qualitative experiences for the child with TS. These conditions often become problematic prior to tic onset. Misconceptions regarding the nature of tics and the varied associated conditions are common, placing children with TS at significant risk for underdiagnosis, mismanagement, and missed opportunities for prevention. This article will consider risk factors and associated behaviors, both subtle and more obvious, that can alert the clinician to infants and young children with tics or who are at increased risk to develop TS. Themes in management strategies include interdisciplinary participation, "Medical Home" foundation, and ongoing monitoring and support.
C1 Univ Washington, Dept Pediat, Ctr Human Dev & Disabil, Seattle, WA 98195 USA.
RP Zinner, SH (reprint author), Univ Washington, Dept Pediat, Ctr Human Dev & Disabil, Box 357920, Seattle, WA 98195 USA.
EM szinner@u.washington.edu
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NR 68
TC 3
Z9 3
PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS
PI PHILADELPHIA
PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA
SN 0896-3746
J9 INFANT YOUNG CHILD
JI Infants Young Child.
PD OCT-DEC
PY 2006
VL 19
IS 4
BP 353
EP 370
PG 18
WC Education, Special; Psychology, Developmental; Rehabilitation
SC Education & Educational Research; Psychology; Rehabilitation
GA 087RK
UT WOS:000240759700007
ER
PT J
AU James, IA
Mukaetova-Ladinska, E
Reichelt, FK
Briel, R
Scully, A
AF James, Ian Andrew
Mukaetova-Ladinska, Elizabeta
Reichelt, F. Katharina
Briel, Ruth
Scully, Ann
TI Diagnosing Aspergers syndrome in the elderly: a series of case
presentations
SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF GERIATRIC PSYCHIATRY
LA English
DT Article
DE Aspergers syndrome; older adult; diagnosis; case report; assessment tool
ID HIGH-FUNCTIONING AUTISM; NORMAL SEX-DIFFERENCES; DEPRESSION; QUOTIENT;
CHILDREN; ADULTS
AB Background There are over 200000 people in the UK diagnosed with Aspergers Syndrome (AS). Most of these are children and young adults, owing to the fact the disorder was established relatively recently. It can be argued, therefore, that there are many older adults who may have met the criteria for AS as children, but never received such a diagnosis due to the fact it had yet to be established. What happended to these people as they aged?
Method This paper examines this issue in detail and presents five case studies of elderly individuals who the authors believe meet the criteria of AS.
Results The work illustrates AS presentation in old age, the assessment problems and tools required to assess older people, and the implications of such formulations for clinical practice.
Conclusion Older patients with undiagnosed AS may currently be receiving inappropriate treatments. Greater awareness of AS in the older population would enable better management of such patients. Copyright (c) 2006 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
C1 Univ Newcastle Upon Tyne, Inst Ageing & Hlth, Newcastle Upon Tyne NE1 7RU, Tyne & Wear, England.
Newcastle N Tyneside & Northumberland Mental Hlth, Newcastle Upon Tyne, Tyne & Wear, England.
RP James, IA (reprint author), Newcastle Gen Hosp, Ctr Hlth Elderly, Westgate Rd, Newcastle Upon Tyne NE4 6BE, Tyne & Wear, England.
EM ianjamesncht@yahoo.com
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NR 26
TC 11
Z9 12
PU JOHN WILEY & SONS LTD
PI CHICHESTER
PA THE ATRIUM, SOUTHERN GATE, CHICHESTER PO19 8SQ, W SUSSEX, ENGLAND
SN 0885-6230
J9 INT J GERIATR PSYCH
JI Int. J. Geriatr. Psychiatr.
PD OCT
PY 2006
VL 21
IS 10
BP 951
EP 960
DI 10.1002/gps.1588
PG 10
WC Geriatrics & Gerontology; Gerontology; Psychiatry
SC Geriatrics & Gerontology; Psychiatry
GA 101AW
UT WOS:000241712300007
PM 16927399
ER
PT J
AU Ventola, PE
Kleinman, J
Pandey, J
Barton, M
Allen, S
Green, J
Robins, D
Fein, D
AF Ventola, Pamela E.
Kleinman, Jamie
Pandey, Juhi
Barton, Marianne
Allen, Sarah
Green, James
Robins, Diana
Fein, Deborah
TI Agreement among four diagnostic instruments for autism spectrum
disorders in toddlers
SO JOURNAL OF AUTISM AND DEVELOPMENTAL DISORDERS
LA English
DT Article
DE autism; ASD; diagnostic instruments; toddlers
ID PERVASIVE DEVELOPMENTAL DISORDERS; BEHAVIORAL TREATMENT; CHILDHOOD
AUTISM; YOUNG-CHILDREN; RATING-SCALE; FIELD TRIAL; ADI-R; AGE;
COMMUNICATION; SYMPTOMS
AB Autistic spectrum disorders (ASD) can be difficult to diagnose in toddlers. This study compared diagnostic measures (ADOS-G, ADI-R, CARS, and clinical judgment using DSM-IV criteria) applied to toddlers. Results indicated that the ADOS-G, CARS, and clinical judgment agreed with each other but not with the ADI-R. Many of the children classified with ASD by the other measures were not classified with autism by the ADI-R because they did not display enough repetitive behaviors and stereotyped interests. These results indicate that young children with ASD may not display repetitive behaviors and stereotyped interests, and for toddlers, the ADI-R would have a higher sensitivity if revised to include a diagnosis of PDD-NOS, for which the requirement of repetitive behaviors is less stringent.
C1 Univ Connecticut, Dept Psychol, Storrs, CT 06269 USA.
Georgia State Univ, Atlanta, GA 30303 USA.
RP Ventola, PE (reprint author), Univ Connecticut, Dept Psychol, 406 Babbidge Rd, Storrs, CT 06269 USA.
EM pamela.e.dixon@uconn.edu
RI Robins, Diana/D-9959-2011
CR American Psychiatric Association, 1994, DIAGN STAT MAN MENT, V4th
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NR 31
TC 58
Z9 58
PU SPRINGER/PLENUM PUBLISHERS
PI NEW YORK
PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA
SN 0162-3257
J9 J AUTISM DEV DISORD
JI J. Autism Dev. Disord.
PD OCT
PY 2006
VL 36
IS 7
BP 839
EP 847
DI 10.1007/s10803-006-0128-8
PG 9
WC Psychology, Developmental
SC Psychology
GA 093ME
UT WOS:000241171600002
PM 16897398
ER
PT J
AU Leyfer, OT
Folstein, SE
Bacalman, S
Davis, NO
Dinh, E
Morgan, J
Tager-Flusberg, H
Lainhart, JE
AF Leyfer, Ovsanna T.
Folstein, Susan E.
Bacalman, Susan
Davis, Naomi O.
Dinh, Elena
Morgan, Jubel
Tager-Flusberg, Helen
Lainhart, Janet E.
TI Comorbid psychiatric disorders in children with autism: Interview
development and rates of disorders
SO JOURNAL OF AUTISM AND DEVELOPMENTAL DISORDERS
LA English
DT Article
DE psychopathology; autism; psychiatric interview; comorbidity
ID SCHOOL-AGE-CHILDREN; ABERRANT BEHAVIOR CHECKLIST; MENTALLY-RETARDED
CHILDREN; INTELLECTUAL DISABILITY; DIAGNOSTIC INTERVIEW; EXECUTIVE
FUNCTION; COMMUNICATION DEFICITS; POPULATION PREVALENCE;
PROBLEMS-INVENTORY; K-SADS
AB The Kiddie Schedule for Affective Disorders and Schizophrenia was modified for use in children and adolescents with autism by developing additional screening questions and coding options that reflect the presentation of psychiatric disorders in autism spectrum disorders. The modified instrument, the Autism Comorbidity Interview-Present and Lifetime Version (ACI-PL), was piloted and frequently diagnosed disorders, depression, ADHD, and OCD, were tested for reliability and validity. The ACI-PL provides reliable DSM diagnoses that are valid based on clinical psychiatric diagnosis and treatment history. The sample demonstrated a high prevalence of specific phobia, obsessive compulsive disorder, and ADHD. The rates of psychiatric disorder in autism are high and are associated with functional impairment.
C1 Utah Autism Res Program, Salt Lake City, UT 84108 USA.
Univ Louisville, Dept Psychol & Brain Sci, Louisville, KY 40292 USA.
Johns Hopkins Univ, Dept Psychiat, Baltimore, MD USA.
Univ Calif Davis, MIND Inst, Sacramento, CA 95817 USA.
Univ Massachusetts, Dept Psychol, Boston, MA 02125 USA.
Boston Univ, Sch Med, Dept Anat & Neurobiol, Boston, MA 02215 USA.
Univ Utah, Sch Med, Dept Psychiat, Salt Lake City, UT 84112 USA.
RP Lainhart, JE (reprint author), Utah Autism Res Program, 421 Wakara Way,Suite 143, Salt Lake City, UT 84108 USA.
EM janet.lainhart@hsc.utah.edu
RI Tager-Flusberg, Helen/D-5265-2009
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NR 82
TC 459
Z9 460
PU SPRINGER/PLENUM PUBLISHERS
PI NEW YORK
PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA
SN 0162-3257
J9 J AUTISM DEV DISORD
JI J. Autism Dev. Disord.
PD OCT
PY 2006
VL 36
IS 7
BP 849
EP 861
DI 10.1007/s10803-006-0123-0
PG 13
WC Psychology, Developmental
SC Psychology
GA 093ME
UT WOS:000241171600003
PM 16845581
ER
PT J
AU Brereton, AV
Tonge, BJ
Einfeld, SL
AF Brereton, Avril V.
Tonge, Bruce J.
Einfeld, Stewart L.
TI Psychopathology in children and adolescents with autism compared to
young people with intellectual disability
SO JOURNAL OF AUTISM AND DEVELOPMENTAL DISORDERS
LA English
DT Article
DE autism; psychopathology; intellectual disability; comorbidity
ID DEVELOPMENTAL BEHAVIOR CHECKLIST; EMOTIONAL DISTURBANCE;
MENTAL-RETARDATION; POPULATION PREVALENCE; AFFECTIVE-DISORDERS;
WILLIAMS-SYNDROME; INFANTILE-AUTISM; SEX-DIFFERENCES; INDIVIDUALS;
PATTERNS
AB Autism is a neurodevelopmental disorder with a specific pattern of behavioural, communication and social problems. Additional mental health problems are often poorly understood and undetected. This study investigates the level and pattern of emotional and behavioural problems in young people with autism compared with children with intellectual disability (ID). Subjects were 381 young people with autism and a representative group of 581 Australian young people with ID aged 4-18 years. Parents/carers provided details of the emotional and behavioural problems of their child using the Developmental Behaviour Checklist (DBC-P). Young people with autism were found to suffer from significantly higher levels of psychopathology than young people with ID. The implications of this finding are discussed.
C1 Monash Univ, Ctr Dev Psychiat & Psychol, Monash Med Ctr, Clayton, Vic 3168, Australia.
Univ New S Wales, Sch Psychiat, Sydney, NSW, Australia.
RP Brereton, AV (reprint author), Monash Univ, Ctr Dev Psychiat & Psychol, Monash Med Ctr, 246 Clayton Rd, Clayton, Vic 3168, Australia.
EM avril.brereton@med.monash.edu.au
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WING L, 1981, J AUTISM DEV DISORD, V11, P31, DOI 10.1007/BF01531339
NR 60
TC 139
Z9 140
PU SPRINGER/PLENUM PUBLISHERS
PI NEW YORK
PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA
SN 0162-3257
J9 J AUTISM DEV DISORD
JI J. Autism Dev. Disord.
PD OCT
PY 2006
VL 36
IS 7
BP 863
EP 870
DI 10.1007/s10803-006-0125-y
PG 8
WC Psychology, Developmental
SC Psychology
GA 093ME
UT WOS:000241171600004
PM 16897401
ER
PT J
AU Liptak, GS
Stuart, T
Auinger, P
AF Liptak, Gregory S.
Stuart, Tami
Auinger, Peggy
TI Health care utilization and expenditures for children with autism: Data
from US national samples
SO JOURNAL OF AUTISM AND DEVELOPMENTAL DISORDERS
LA English
DT Article
DE autistic disorder; health services; mental retardation; depressive
disorder
ID MENTAL-RETARDATION; SPECTRUM DISORDER; ASPERGER-SYNDROME; DIAGNOSIS;
DISABILITIES; PREVALENCE; COSTS; NEEDS
AB Little is known about the use of medical services by children who have autism (ASD). Provide nationally representative data for health service utilization and expenditures of children with ASD. Cross-sectional survey using the Medical Expenditure Panel (MEPS), and National (Hospital) Ambulatory Medical Care Surveys (N(H)AMCS). A total of 80 children with ASD were identified from N(H)AMCS (weighted sample size (wss) 186,281), and 31 (wss 340,158) from MEPS. They had more outpatient visits, physician visits, and medications prescribed than children in general. They spent more time during physician visits than other children. Annual expenses for children with autism spectrum disorder ($6,132) were more than for other children ($860). Children with ASD have a substantial burden of medical illness.
C1 Univ Rochester, Med Ctr, Rochester, NY 14642 USA.
RP Liptak, GS (reprint author), Univ Rochester, Med Ctr, 601 Elmwood Ave,POB 671, Rochester, NY 14642 USA.
EM Gregory_Liptak@urmc.rochester.edu
CR CHAMBERS JG, 2003, TOTAL EXPENDITURES S, P1
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NR 30
TC 79
Z9 81
PU SPRINGER/PLENUM PUBLISHERS
PI NEW YORK
PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA
SN 0162-3257
J9 J AUTISM DEV DISORD
JI J. Autism Dev. Disord.
PD OCT
PY 2006
VL 36
IS 7
BP 871
EP 879
DI 10.1007/s10803-006-0119-9
PG 9
WC Psychology, Developmental
SC Psychology
GA 093ME
UT WOS:000241171600005
PM 16855879
ER
PT J
AU Webb, SJ
Dawson, G
Bernier, R
Panagiotides, H
AF Webb, Sara J.
Dawson, Geraldine
Bernier, Raphael
Panagiotides, Heracles
TI ERP evidence of atypical face processing in young children with autism
SO JOURNAL OF AUTISM AND DEVELOPMENTAL DISORDERS
LA English
DT Article
DE autism; event-related potentials; faces; N170; children
ID VISUAL RECOGNITION MEMORY; SPECTRUM DISORDER; 6-MONTH-OLD INFANTS;
FACIAL EXPRESSIONS; FAMILIAR FACE; MOTHERS FACE; POTENTIALS; PERCEPTION;
STIMULI; SPECIALIZATION
AB Autism involves a basic impairment in social cognition. This study investigated early stage face processing in young children with autism by examining the face-sensitive early negative event-related brain potential component in 3-4 year old children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD), typical development, and developmental delay. Results indicated that children with ASD showed a slower electrical brain response to faces and a larger amplitude response to objects compared to children with typical development and developmental delay. These findings indicate that children with ASD have a disordered pattern of brain responses to faces and objects at an early age.
C1 CHDD, Psychiat & Behav Sci, Seattle, WA 98195 USA.
Univ Washington, Ctr Human Dev & Disabil, Seattle, WA 98195 USA.
Univ Washington, Dept Psychol, Seattle, WA 98195 USA.
RP Webb, SJ (reprint author), CHDD, Psychiat & Behav Sci, Box 357920, Seattle, WA 98195 USA.
EM sjwebb@u.washington.edu
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NR 60
TC 72
Z9 76
PU SPRINGER/PLENUM PUBLISHERS
PI NEW YORK
PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA
SN 0162-3257
J9 J AUTISM DEV DISORD
JI J. Autism Dev. Disord.
PD OCT
PY 2006
VL 36
IS 7
BP 881
EP 890
DI 10.1007/s10803-006-0126-x
PG 10
WC Psychology, Developmental
SC Psychology
GA 093ME
UT WOS:000241171600006
PM 16897400
ER
PT J
AU Jansen, LMC
Gispen-de Wied, CC
Wiegant, VM
Westenberg, HGM
Lahuis, BE
van Engeland, H
AF Jansen, Lucres M. C.
Gispen-de Wied, Christine C.
Wiegant, Victor M.
Westenberg, Herman G. M.
Lahuis, Bertine E.
van Engeland, Herman
TI Autonomic and neuroendocrine responses to a psychosocial stressor in
adults with autistic spectrum disorder
SO JOURNAL OF AUTISM AND DEVELOPMENTAL DISORDERS
LA English
DT Article
DE autism; adults; stress; physiology; autonomic; neuroendocrine
ID INFANTILE-AUTISM; DEVELOPMENTAL DISORDER; SOCIAL ATTACHMENT;
NERVOUS-SYSTEM; DOUBLE-BLIND; OXYTOCIN; CHILDREN; VASOPRESSIN;
CATECHOLAMINES; INVOLVEMENT
AB Objective of the study was to replicate in adults our previous findings of decreased heart rate and normal endocrine responses to stress in autistic children and to elucidate the discrepancy between autonomic and endocrine stress responses by including epinephrine, norepinephrine, oxytocin and vasopressin measurements. Ten autistic spectrum disorder (ASD) adults were compared to 14 healthy controls in their response to a psychosocial stressor (public speaking). ASD patients showed decreased heart rate, but normal cortisol responses, consistent with our prior findings in children. No differences in norepinephrine, epinephrine, oxytocin or vasopressin responses to stress were found. However, in contrast to previous findings in low functioning, autistic children, ASD adults showed increased basal oxytocin levels, which may be related to developmental factors.
C1 VU Univ, Med Ctr, Dept Child & Adolescent Psychiat, NL-1115 ZG Duivendrecht, Netherlands.
Univ Utrecht, Med Ctr, Rudolf Magnus Inst Neurosci, Dept Child & Adolescent Psychiat, Utrecht, Netherlands.
RP Jansen, LMC (reprint author), VU Univ, Med Ctr, Dept Child & Adolescent Psychiat, P-A De Bascule,POB 303, NL-1115 ZG Duivendrecht, Netherlands.
EM l.nauta@debascule.com
RI Jansen, Lucres/D-7754-2015
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NR 36
TC 63
Z9 63
PU SPRINGER/PLENUM PUBLISHERS
PI NEW YORK
PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA
SN 0162-3257
J9 J AUTISM DEV DISORD
JI J. Autism Dev. Disord.
PD OCT
PY 2006
VL 36
IS 7
BP 891
EP 899
DI 10.1007/s10803-006-0124-z
PG 9
WC Psychology, Developmental
SC Psychology
GA 093ME
UT WOS:000241171600007
PM 16865550
ER
PT J
AU Wong, HHL
Smith, RG
AF Wong, Helen H. L.
Smith, Ronald G.
TI Patterns of complementary and alternative medical therapy use in
children diagnosed with autism spectrum disorders
SO JOURNAL OF AUTISM AND DEVELOPMENTAL DISORDERS
LA English
DT Article
DE supplements; complementary; alternative; diets; children; autism
ID UNITED-STATES; PEDIATRICIANS; POPULATION; CHALLENGES; PREVALENCE;
CANCER; TRENDS
AB Previous studies suggest that complementary and alternative medical (CAM) therapy use in children with chronic illnesses is higher than in children in the general population. In this study, we investigated patterns of CAM therapy use in children diagnosed with autism spectrum disorders (ASD, n = 50) as compared to a control population of children with no ASD (n = 50). Over half of the parents in the ASD group reported using, or had used at least one CAM therapy for their child (52%) as compared to 28% of the control group (P = 0.024). Seventy percent of therapies used in the ASD group were biologically based therapies comprised of special diets or supplements, and parents felt that 75% of the therapies used were beneficial.
C1 Hop Hotel Dieu, Child Dev Ctr, Kingston, ON K7L 5G2, Canada.
Queens Univ, Fac Med, Kingston, ON, Canada.
RP Smith, RG (reprint author), Hop Hotel Dieu, Child Dev Ctr, 166 Brock St, Kingston, ON K7L 5G2, Canada.
EM gs3@post.queensu.ca
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NR 33
TC 77
Z9 78
PU SPRINGER/PLENUM PUBLISHERS
PI NEW YORK
PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA
SN 0162-3257
J9 J AUTISM DEV DISORD
JI J. Autism Dev. Disord.
PD OCT
PY 2006
VL 36
IS 7
BP 901
EP 909
DI 10.1007/s10803-006-0131-0
PG 9
WC Psychology, Developmental
SC Psychology
GA 093ME
UT WOS:000241171600008
PM 16897395
ER
PT J
AU Nation, K
Clarke, P
Wright, B
Williams, C
AF Nation, Kate
Clarke, Paula
Wright, Barry
Williams, Christine
TI Patterns of reading ability in children with autism spectrum disorder
SO JOURNAL OF AUTISM AND DEVELOPMENTAL DISORDERS
LA English
DT Article
DE reading; language; comprehension; autism; hyperlexia
ID LANGUAGE IMPAIRMENT; DEVELOPMENTAL DYSLEXIA; HYPERLEXIC CHILDREN;
COMPREHENSION; DIFFICULTIES; INDIVIDUALS; LITERACY; READERS
AB This study investigated reading skills in 41 children with autism spectrum disorder. Four components of reading skill were assessed: word recognition, nonword decoding, text reading accuracy and text comprehension. Overall. levels of word and nonword reading and text reading accuracy fell within average range although reading comprehension was impaired. However, there was considerable variability across the sample with performance on most tests ranging from floor to ceiling levels. Some children read accurately but showed very poor comprehension, consistent with a hyperlexia reading profile; some children were poor at reading words and nonwords whereas others were unable to decode nonwords, despite a reasonable level of word reading skill. These findings demonstrate the heterogeneous nature of reading skills in children with ASD.
C1 Univ Oxford, Dept Expt Psychol, Oxford OX1 3UD, England.
Univ York, Dept Psychol, York YO10 5DD, N Yorkshire, England.
Selby & York Primary Care Trust, Child & Adolescent Mental Hlth, York, N Yorkshire, England.
RP Nation, K (reprint author), Univ Oxford, Dept Expt Psychol, S Parks Rd, Oxford OX1 3UD, England.
EM kate.nation@psy.ox.ac.uk
RI Nation, Kate/F-8228-2014
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World Health Organization, 1993, ICD 10 CLASSIFICATIO
NR 42
TC 101
Z9 104
PU SPRINGER/PLENUM PUBLISHERS
PI NEW YORK
PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA
SN 0162-3257
EI 1573-3432
J9 J AUTISM DEV DISORD
JI J. Autism Dev. Disord.
PD OCT
PY 2006
VL 36
IS 7
BP 911
EP 919
DI 10.1007/s10803-006-0130-1
PG 9
WC Psychology, Developmental
SC Psychology
GA 093ME
UT WOS:000241171600009
PM 16897396
ER
PT J
AU Siklos, S
Kerns, KA
AF Siklos, Susan
Kerns, Kimberly A.
TI Assessing need for social support in parents of children with autism and
Down syndrome
SO JOURNAL OF AUTISM AND DEVELOPMENTAL DISORDERS
LA English
DT Article
DE autism spectrum disorder; social support; Down syndrome; autism;
adaptation; Family Needs Questionnaire
ID TRAUMATIC BRAIN INJURY; FAMILY NEEDS; SCREENING QUESTIONNAIRE;
BEHAVIORAL TREATMENT; SPECTRUM DISORDERS; ASPERGER-SYNDROME; STRESS;
ADAPTATION; INDIVIDUALS; PERSPECTIVE
AB Parents of children with autism frequently turn to the service delivery system to access supports designed to help adapt to the challenges of having a child with a life-long impairment. Although studies have suggested various supports and coping strategies that are effective for adapting, few studies have examined parents' own perceptions of needs.. and whether parents felt their needs were being met. In the present study the Family Needs Questionnaire (FNQ, Waaland et al., 1993) was modified to address needs for children with developmental disorders. A sample of fifty-six parents of children with autism and a comparison group of thirty-two parents of children with Down syndrome completed the FNQ. The groups did not differ significantly on the number of important needs reported nor the number of important needs being met. However, the two groups differed in the types of supports they most frequently endorsed as Important or Unmet.
C1 Univ Victoria, Dept Psychol, Victoria, BC V8W 3P5, Canada.
RP Kerns, KA (reprint author), Univ Victoria, Dept Psychol, POB 3050, Victoria, BC V8W 3P5, Canada.
EM kkerns@uvic.ca
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NR 46
TC 29
Z9 30
PU SPRINGER/PLENUM PUBLISHERS
PI NEW YORK
PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA
SN 0162-3257
J9 J AUTISM DEV DISORD
JI J. Autism Dev. Disord.
PD OCT
PY 2006
VL 36
IS 7
BP 921
EP 933
DI 10.1007/s10803-006-0129-7
PG 13
WC Psychology, Developmental
SC Psychology
GA 093ME
UT WOS:000241171600010
PM 16897397
ER
PT J
AU Hall, S
DeBernardis, M
Reiss, A
AF Hall, Scott
DeBernardis, Marie
Reiss, Allan
TI Social escape behaviors in children with fragile X syndrome
SO JOURNAL OF AUTISM AND DEVELOPMENTAL DISORDERS
LA English
DT Article; Proceedings Paper
CT 30th Annual Convention of the Association for Applied Behavior Analysis
CY 2004
CL Boston, MA
DE social escape; eye contact; fragile X syndrome; cortisol
ID SELF-INJURIOUS-BEHAVIOR; LESCH-NYHAN DISEASE; FUNCTIONAL-ANALYSIS;
AVOIDANCE; CORTISOL; CHOICE; AUTISM; MALES
AB Social escape behavior is a common behavioral feature of individuals with fragile X syndrome (fraX). In this observational study, we examined the effect of antecedent social and performance demands on problem behaviors in four conditions: face-to-face interview, silent reading, oral reading and a singing task. Results showed that problem behaviors were significantly more likely to occur during the interview and singing conditions. Higher levels of salivary cortisol were predictive of higher levels of fidgeting behavior and lower levels of eye contact in male participants. There were no associations between level of FMRP expression and social escape behaviors. These data suo-est that specific antecedent biological and environmental factors evoke social escape behaviors in fragile X syndrome.
C1 Stanford Univ, Behav Neurogenet Res Ctr, Dept Psychiat & Behav Sci, Stanford, CA 94305 USA.
RP Hall, S (reprint author), Stanford Univ, Behav Neurogenet Res Ctr, Dept Psychiat & Behav Sci, Rm 1367,401 Quarry Rd, Stanford, CA 94305 USA.
EM hallss@stanford.edu
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NR 39
TC 47
Z9 47
PU SPRINGER/PLENUM PUBLISHERS
PI NEW YORK
PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA
SN 0162-3257
J9 J AUTISM DEV DISORD
JI J. Autism Dev. Disord.
PD OCT
PY 2006
VL 36
IS 7
BP 935
EP 947
DI 10.1007/s10803-006-0132-z
PG 13
WC Psychology, Developmental
SC Psychology
GA 093ME
UT WOS:000241171600011
PM 16897394
ER
PT J
AU Carroll, JM
Yung, CK
AF Carroll, Julia M.
Yung, Chiew Kin
TI Sex and discipline differences in empathising, systemising and autistic
symptomatology: Evidence from a student population
SO JOURNAL OF AUTISM AND DEVELOPMENTAL DISORDERS
LA English
DT Article
DE empathising; systemising; extreme male brain; gender; central coherence;
theory of mind
ID WEAK CENTRAL COHERENCE; FUNCTIONING AUTISM; ASPERGER-SYNDROME; MIND;
ADULTS
AB Baron-Cohen's [(2002) Trends in Cognitive Sciences, 6, 248-255] 'extreme male brain' theory of autism is investigated by examining the relationships between theory of mind, central coherence, empathising, systemising and autistic-like symptomatology in typical undergraduates. There were sex differences in the expected directions on all tasks. Differences according to discipline were found only in central coherence. There was no evidence of an association between empathising and systemising. In the second study, performance on the Mechanical Reasoning task was compared with Systemising quotient and the Social Skills Inventory was compared with the Empathising Quotient. Moderate, but not high correlations were found. Findings are broadly consistent with the distinction between empathising and systemising but cast some doubt on the tasks used to measure these abilities.
C1 Univ Warwick, Dept Psychol, Coventry CV4 7AL, W Midlands, England.
Univ York, Dept Psychol, York YO10 5DD, N Yorkshire, England.
RP Carroll, JM (reprint author), Univ Warwick, Dept Psychol, Coventry CV4 7AL, W Midlands, England.
EM J.M.Carroll@warwick.ac.uk
RI Carroll, Julia/D-6259-2011
OI Carroll, Julia/0000-0002-3614-6883
CR Baron-Cohen S., 2003, ESSENTIAL DIFFERENCE
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NR 20
TC 37
Z9 37
PU SPRINGER/PLENUM PUBLISHERS
PI NEW YORK
PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA
SN 0162-3257
J9 J AUTISM DEV DISORD
JI J. Autism Dev. Disord.
PD OCT
PY 2006
VL 36
IS 7
BP 949
EP 957
DI 10.1007/s10803-006-0127-9
PG 9
WC Psychology, Developmental
SC Psychology
GA 093ME
UT WOS:000241171600012
PM 16897399
ER
PT J
AU Delmolino, LM
AF Delmolino, Lara M.
TI Brief report: Use of DQ for estimating cognitive ability in young
children with autism
SO JOURNAL OF AUTISM AND DEVELOPMENTAL DISORDERS
LA English
DT Article
DE autism; assessment; intelligence; development; testing
ID PRESCHOOL-CHILDREN; INTERVENTION; IQ
AB The utility of Developmental Quotients (DQ) from the Psychoeducational Profile-Revised (PEP-R) to estimate cognitive ability in young children with autism was assessed. DQ scores were compared to scores from the Stanford-Binet Intelligence Scales-Fourth Edition (SB-FE) for 27 preschool students with autism. Overall and domain DQ's on the PEP-R were significantly correlated with SB-FE composite IQ and Verbal Reasoning scores. Additional analyses with rank scores from each instrument confirmed these results. Results indicate that DQ scores obtained by the PEP-R are reasonable estimates of cognitive ability in this sample as measured by the SB-FE. Some administration advantages suggest that the PEP-R may be a viable alternative to the SB-FE (for estimating cognitive skills) under some conditions.
C1 Rutgers State Univ, Div Res & Training, Douglass Dev Disabil Ctr, New Brunswick, NJ 08901 USA.
RP Delmolino, LM (reprint author), Rutgers State Univ, Div Res & Training, Douglass Dev Disabil Ctr, 25 Gibbons Circle, New Brunswick, NJ 08901 USA.
EM delmolin@rci.rutgers.edu
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NR 24
TC 14
Z9 14
PU SPRINGER/PLENUM PUBLISHERS
PI NEW YORK
PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA
SN 0162-3257
J9 J AUTISM DEV DISORD
JI J. Autism Dev. Disord.
PD OCT
PY 2006
VL 36
IS 7
BP 959
EP 963
DI 10.1007/s10803-006-0133-y
PG 5
WC Psychology, Developmental
SC Psychology
GA 093ME
UT WOS:000241171600013
PM 16897393
ER
PT J
AU Owley, T
Salt, J
Salt, J
Guter, S
Grieve, A
Walton, L
Ayuyao, N
Leventhal, BL
Cook, EH
AF Owley, Thomas
Salt, Jeff
Salt, Jeff
Guter, Stephen
Grieve, Adam
Walton, Laura
Ayuyao, Nelson
Leventhal, Bennett L.
Cook, Edwin H., Jr.
TI A prospective, open-label trial of memantine in the treatment of
cognitive, behavioral, and memory dysfunction in pervasive developmental
disorders
SO JOURNAL OF CHILD AND ADOLESCENT PSYCHOPHARMACOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
ID RETT-SYNDROME; AUTISM; GLUTAMATE; CHILDREN; RECEPTORS
AB Background: This pilot study examined the effectiveness of memantine hydrochloride in improving cognitive functioning and behavioral symptoms in children with pervasive developmental disorders (PDDs).
Method: Subjects aged 3-12 years inclusive were enrolled in this 8-week, open-label study. Expressive and receptive language, nonverbal IQ, and nonverbal memory measures were administered at baseline and after 8 weeks of treatment with 0.4 mg/kg of memantine hydrochloride. Throughout the study, the Aberrant Behavior Checklist (ABC) was sent in weekly by parents as a measure of behavioral change.
Results: Twelve of 14 subjects completed the study. Significant improvement from baseline was noted on the memory test (Children's Memory Scale Dot Learning Subtest). There were no significant differences from baseline on measures of expressive or receptive language or nonverbal IQ. There were significant improvements on a number of ABC subscales, including hyperactivity, lethargy, and irritability. There were no overall significant statistical differences from baseline on the Clinical Global Improvement-Severity (CGI-S) scale. On the Clinical Global Improvement-Improvement (CGI-I), 4 of 14 subjects showed minimal improvement, and none was deemed "much-improved" or "very much improved."
Conclusions: This small, prospective, open-label study suggests that memantine may be useful in the treatment of memory functioning and some behavioral symptoms in PDDs. The investigators did not see the same degree of change as endorsed by caretakers. Controlled studies are needed to substantiate and clarify these preliminary findings.
C1 Univ Illinois, Dept Psychiat, Inst Juvenile Res, Chicago, IL 60612 USA.
RP Owley, T (reprint author), Univ Illinois, Dept Psychiat MC 747, Inst Juvenile Res, 1747 W Roosevelt Rd,Room 155, Chicago, IL 60608 USA.
EM towley@psych.uic.edu
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NR 22
TC 41
Z9 41
PU MARY ANN LIEBERT INC
PI NEW ROCHELLE
PA 140 HUGUENOT STREET, 3RD FL, NEW ROCHELLE, NY 10801 USA
SN 1044-5463
J9 J CHILD ADOL PSYCHOP
JI J. Child Adolesc. Psychopharmacol.
PD OCT
PY 2006
VL 16
IS 5
BP 517
EP 524
DI 10.1089/cap.2006.16.517
PG 8
WC Pediatrics; Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Psychiatry
SC Pediatrics; Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Psychiatry
GA 109KT
UT WOS:000242307600003
PM 17069541
ER
PT J
AU Berry-Kravis, E
Krause, SE
Block, SS
Guter, S
Wuu, J
Leurgans, S
Decle, P
Potanos, K
Cook, E
Salt, J
Maino, D
Weinberg, D
Lara, R
Jardini, T
Cogswell, J
Johnson, SA
Hagerman, R
AF Berry-Kravis, Elizabeth
Krause, Sue Ellen
Block, Sandra S.
Guter, Steve
Wuu, Joanne
Leurgans, Sue
Decle, Penelope
Potanos, Kristina
Cook, Edwin
Salt, Jeff
Maino, Dominick
Weinberg, Dahlia
Lara, Rebecca
Jardini, Tristan
Cogswell, Jennifer
Johnson, Steven A.
Hagerman, Randi
TI Effect of CX516, an AMPA-modulating compound, on cognition and behavior
in fragile X syndrome: A controlled trial
SO JOURNAL OF CHILD AND ADOLESCENT PSYCHOPHARMACOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
ID MENTAL-RETARDATION PROTEIN; SYNAPTIC PLASTICITY; AUTISM; MEMORY;
HIPPOCAMPAL; EXPRESSION; CHILDREN; CURRENTS; DRUG
AB A Phase II, 4-week randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled clinical trial was conducted to evaluate the safety and efficacy of the Ampakine compound CX516 as a potential treatment for the underlying disorder in fragile X syndrome (FXS). After baseline screening, subjects with FXS (n = 49) underwent a 1-week placebo lead-in and then were randomized to study drug or placebo for a 4-week period. Cognitive and behavioral outcome measures were administered prior to treatment, at the end of treatment, and 2 weeks posttreatment. There were minimal side effects, no significant changes in safety parameters, and no serious adverse events. There was a 12.5% frequency of allergic rash in the CX516 group and 1 subject developed a substantial rash. There was also no significant improvement in memory, the primary outcome measure, or in secondary measures of language, attention/executive function, behavior, and overall functioning in CX516-treated subjects compared to placebo. This study did demonstrate that many outcome measures were reproducible in this test-retest setting for the FXS population, yet some were too difficult or variable. Adult subjects with FXS were able to complete an intensive clinical trial, and some valid outcome measures were identified for future FXS trial design. Problems with potency of CX516 in other studies have suggested dosing may have been inadequate for therapeutic effect and thus it remains unclear whether modulation of AMPA-mediated neurotransmission is a viable therapeutic strategy for the treatment of FXS.
C1 Rush Univ, Med Ctr, Dept Pediat, Chicago, IL 60612 USA.
Rush Univ, Med Ctr, Dept Neurol Sci, Chicago, IL 60612 USA.
Rush Univ, Med Ctr, Dept Biochem, Chicago, IL 60612 USA.
Krause Speech & Language Serv, Chicago, IL USA.
Illinois Coll Optometry, Chicago, IL USA.
Univ Calif Davis, MIND Inst, Davis, CA 95616 USA.
Univ Calif Davis, Dept Pediat, Davis, CA 95616 USA.
Univ Illinois, Inst Juvenile Res, Chicago, IL USA.
Cortex Pharmaceut Inc, Irvine, CA USA.
RP Berry-Kravis, E (reprint author), Rush Univ, Med Ctr, Dept Pediat, 1725 W Harrison,Suite 718, Chicago, IL 60612 USA.
EM elizabeth_m_berry-kravis@rush.edu
CR Aman M., 1994, ABERRANT BEHAV CHECK
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NR 44
TC 70
Z9 70
PU MARY ANN LIEBERT INC
PI NEW ROCHELLE
PA 140 HUGUENOT STREET, 3RD FL, NEW ROCHELLE, NY 10801 USA
SN 1044-5463
J9 J CHILD ADOL PSYCHOP
JI J. Child Adolesc. Psychopharmacol.
PD OCT
PY 2006
VL 16
IS 5
BP 525
EP 540
DI 10.1089/cap.2006.16.525
PG 16
WC Pediatrics; Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Psychiatry
SC Pediatrics; Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Psychiatry
GA 109KT
UT WOS:000242307600004
PM 17069542
ER
PT J
AU Hollander, E
Wasserman, S
Swanson, EN
Chaplin, W
Schapiro, ML
Zagursky, K
Novotny, S
AF Hollander, Eric
Wasserman, Stacey
Swanson, Erika N.
Chaplin, William
Schapiro, Melissa L.
Zagursky, Karen
Novotny, Sherie
TI A double-blind placebo-controlled pilot study of olanzapine in
childhood/adolescent pervasive developmental disorder
SO JOURNAL OF CHILD AND ADOLESCENT PSYCHOPHARMACOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
ID AUTISTIC-CHILDREN; ATYPICAL ANTIPSYCHOTICS; BEHAVIORAL SYMPTOMS;
RATING-SCALE; OPEN-LABEL; HALOPERIDOL; RISPERIDONE; ADOLESCENTS; WEIGHT;
DESIGN
AB Atypical antipsychotics have been shown to improve disruptive and repetitive behaviors in pervasive developmental disorders (PDDs), but they require assessment of potential side effects. This is the first placebo-controlled trial of olanzapine in the treatment of children and adolescents with PDD. Eleven patients with a diagnosis of either autism, Asperger's syndrome, or PDD not otherwise specified (PDD-NOS) and aged 6-14 years were randomized into an 8-week double-blind, placebo-controlled, parallel treatment study with olanzapine. There was a significant linear trend X group interaction on the Clinical Global Impressions-Improvement (CGI-I) and 50% on olanzapine versus 20% on placebo were responders. Olanzapine was associated with significant weight gain (7.5 +/- 4.8 lbs vs. 1.5 +/- 1.5 lbs on placebo). Olanzapine may be a promising treatment for improving global functioning of PDDs, but the risk of significant weight gain remains a concern. Additional studies are needed to determine the efficacy and safety of olanzapine in the treatment of children with PDD.
C1 CUNY Mt Sinai Sch Med, Dept Psychiat, Seaver & NY Autism Ctr Excellence, New York, NY 10029 USA.
RP Hollander, E (reprint author), CUNY Mt Sinai Sch Med, Dept Psychiat, Seaver & NY Autism Ctr Excellence, 1 Gustave L Levy Pl,Box 1230, New York, NY 10029 USA.
EM eric.hollander@mssm.edu
CR American Diabetes Association American Psychiatric Association American Association of Clinical Endocrinologists North American Association for the Study of Obesity, 2004, DIABETES CARE, V27, P596
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NR 26
TC 66
Z9 68
PU MARY ANN LIEBERT INC
PI NEW ROCHELLE
PA 140 HUGUENOT STREET, 3RD FL, NEW ROCHELLE, NY 10801 USA
SN 1044-5463
J9 J CHILD ADOL PSYCHOP
JI J. Child Adolesc. Psychopharmacol.
PD OCT
PY 2006
VL 16
IS 5
BP 541
EP 548
DI 10.1089/cap.2006.16.541
PG 8
WC Pediatrics; Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Psychiatry
SC Pediatrics; Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Psychiatry
GA 109KT
UT WOS:000242307600005
PM 17069543
ER
PT J
AU Valicenti-McDermott, MR
Demb, H
AF Valicenti-McDermott, Maria R.
Demb, Howard
TI Clinical effects and adverse reactions of off-label use of aripiprazole
in children and adolescents with developmental disabilities
SO JOURNAL OF CHILD AND ADOLESCENT PSYCHOPHARMACOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
ID SUBAVERAGE INTELLIGENCE; DOUBLE-BLIND; RISPERIDONE; DISORDERS;
SCHIZOPHRENIA; PLACEBO; AUTISM; TOLERABILITY; RECEPTORS; SYMPTOMS
AB Objective: The aim of this study was to report on the clinical efficacy and side effects of aripiprazole in treating behavioral symptoms of children with a developmental disability (DDs).
Design/methods: A retrospective chart review of the first 32 children treated with aripiprazole at an urban clinic for children with DD was conducted.
Results: Ages ranged from 5 to 19 years; 9 (28%) were female. Twenty four had diagnoses within the autistic spectrum and 18 had mental retardation (MR). Other disorders included: attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder/disruptive behavior disorders (n = 13), mood disorders (n = 7), reactive attachment (n = 2), and sleep disorders (n = 2). Target symptoms included aggression, hyperactivity, impulsivity and, self-injurious behaviors. Twenty eight of the children were switched from another antipsychotic. The mean daily aripiprazole starting dose was 7.1 +/- 0.32 mg (0.17 mg/kg/day) and the mean daily maintenance dose was 10.55 +/- 6.9 mg (0.27mg/kg/day). Aripiprazole had been used for a period between 6 and 15 months. Improvement in target symptoms was found in 56%. When treating a child with MR, the concomitant presence of an autistic spectrum diagnosis predicted a worse outcome. Side effects were reported in 16 (50%), with the most frequent being sleepiness (n = 6). Mean body mass index (BMI) rose from 22.5 to 24.1 (p = 0.003) over the follow up period, with changes in the BMI z scores. These changes were more pronounced in children younger than 12 years.
Conclusions: These results with aripiprazole in this difficult-to-treat population suggest that this medication warrants controlled studies of its effectiveness and safety.
C1 Albert Einstein Coll Med, RF Kennedy Ctr Excellence Dev Disabil, Childrens Evaluat & Rehabil Ctr, Bronx, NY 10467 USA.
RP Valicenti-McDermott, MR (reprint author), 1410 Pelham Pkwy S, Bronx, NY 10461 USA.
EM rvalicenti@hotmail.com
CR AMAN MG, 2005, AM J PSYCHIAT, V162, P1367
Aman MG, 2002, AM J PSYCHIAT, V159, P1337, DOI 10.1176/appi.ajp.159.8.1337
American Psychiatric Association, 2000, DIAGN STAT MAN MENT
AMES D, 1996, ESSENT PSYCHOPHARMAC, V1, P5
Barzman DH, 2004, J CHILD ADOL PSYCHOP, V14, P593, DOI 10.1089/cap.2004.14.593
Burris KD, 2002, J PHARMACOL EXP THER, V302, P381, DOI 10.1124/jpet.102.033175
COHEN DJ, 1986, J AM ACAD CHILD PSY, V25, P213, DOI 10.1016/S0002-7138(09)60228-4
CONNOR DF, 1998, MENTAL HLTH ASPECTS, V1, P93
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DURKIN JP, 2004, J CHILD ADOL PSYCHOP, V14, P5005
Findling RL, 2000, J AM ACAD CHILD PSY, V39, P509, DOI 10.1097/00004583-200004000-00021
GALLUCCI G, 2004, MENT HLTH ASPECT DEV, V7, P53
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JIBSON MD, 1996, ESSENTIAL PSYCHOPHAR, V1, P27
Kemner C, 2002, J CLIN PSYCHOPHARM, V22, P455, DOI 10.1097/01.jcp.0000033400.43191.6f
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RIFKIN A, 1999, NADD B, V2, P27
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NR 35
TC 44
Z9 45
PU MARY ANN LIEBERT INC
PI NEW ROCHELLE
PA 140 HUGUENOT STREET, 3RD FL, NEW ROCHELLE, NY 10801 USA
SN 1044-5463
J9 J CHILD ADOL PSYCHOP
JI J. Child Adolesc. Psychopharmacol.
PD OCT
PY 2006
VL 16
IS 5
BP 549
EP 560
DI 10.1089/cap.2006.16.549
PG 12
WC Pediatrics; Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Psychiatry
SC Pediatrics; Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Psychiatry
GA 109KT
UT WOS:000242307600006
PM 17069544
ER
PT J
AU Troost, PW
Althaus, M
Lahuis, BE
Buitelaar, JK
Minderaa, RB
Hoekstra, PJ
AF Troost, Pieter W.
Althaus, Monika
Lahuis, Bertine E.
Buitelaar, Jan K.
Minderaa, Ruud B.
Hoekstra, Pieter J.
TI Neuropsychological effects of risperidone in children with pervasive
developmental disorders: A blinded discontinuation study
SO JOURNAL OF CHILD AND ADOLESCENT PSYCHOPHARMACOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
ID AUTISM SPECTRUM DISORDERS; HIGH-FUNCTIONING AUTISM; LONG-TERM SAFETY;
EXECUTIVE FUNCTIONS; ATTENTION; SCALE
AB Objective: Little is known about the neuropsychological effects of risperidone in children with pervasive developmental disorders.
Method: Twenty-four children (aged 5-17 years) with pervasive developmental disorders and co-morbid disruptive behavior who responded favorably to open-label treatment with risperidone as part of a previously described controlled discontinuation study completed two different computerized attention tasks at baseline, weeks 4, 8, and 24 of open-label treatment, and, at 8 weeks after random assignment to either placebo or risperidone. The primary efficacy measures were response latencies to visually presented stimuli requiring two different types of attention-controlled processing, i.e., focused and divided attention.
Results: About half of the clinical responders did not produce valid performance measures. These could be shown to be of younger mental age and less adaptive as measured by the Vineland Behavior Scales. For the valid task performers divided attention (serial search in working memory) was shown to regress in the placebo group (n = 7), while in the risperidone group (n = 7) there was further improvement. No such group difference was found for focused attention.
Conclusions: The study suggests a beneficial effect of risperidone after several months of treatment, enhancing divided attention in children with pervasive developmental disorders.
C1 Univ Groningen, Univ Med Ctr Groningen, Dept Psychiat, NL-9700 AB Groningen, Netherlands.
Univ Med Ctr Utrecht, Dept Child Psychiat, Utrecht, Netherlands.
Univ Med Ctr Utrecht, Rudolf Magnus Inst Neurosci, Utrecht, Netherlands.
Univ Med Ctr, Dept Psychiat, Nijmegen, Netherlands.
RP Troost, PW (reprint author), Child & Adolescent Psychiat Ctr, POB 660, NL-9700 AR Groningen, Netherlands.
EM p.troost@accare.nl
RI Buitelaar, Jan/E-4584-2012; Hoekstra, Pieter/O-4396-2014
OI Buitelaar, Jan/0000-0001-8288-7757;
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PIVEN J, 1991, J AUTISM DEV DISORD, V21, P51, DOI 10.1007/BF02206997
POSNER MI, 1994, IMAGES MIND, P153
Mccracken JT, 2005, AM J PSYCHIAT, V162, P1361
McCracken JT, 2002, NEW ENGL J MED, V347, P314, DOI 10.1056/NEJMoa013171
SCHNEIDER W, 1977, PSYCHOL REV, V84, P1, DOI 10.1037/0033-295X.84.1.1
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Stevens J, 2002, APPL MULTIVARIATE ST, P197
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Turgay A, 2002, PEDIATRICS, V110, DOI 10.1542/peds.110.3.e34
Zarahn E, 2005, CEREB CORTEX, V15, P303, DOI 10.1093/cercor/bhh132
NR 33
TC 14
Z9 14
PU MARY ANN LIEBERT INC
PI NEW ROCHELLE
PA 140 HUGUENOT STREET, 3RD FL, NEW ROCHELLE, NY 10801 USA
SN 1044-5463
J9 J CHILD ADOL PSYCHOP
JI J. Child Adolesc. Psychopharmacol.
PD OCT
PY 2006
VL 16
IS 5
BP 561
EP 573
DI 10.1089/cap.2006.16.561
PG 13
WC Pediatrics; Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Psychiatry
SC Pediatrics; Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Psychiatry
GA 109KT
UT WOS:000242307600007
PM 17069545
ER
PT J
AU Luby, J
Mrakotsky, C
Stalets, MM
Belden, A
Heffelfinger, A
Williams, M
Spitznagel, E
AF Luby, Joan
Mrakotsky, Christine
Stalets, Melissa Meade
Belden, Andy
Heffelfinger, Amy
Williams, Meghan
Spitznagel, Edward
TI Risperidone in preschool children with autistic spectrum disorders: An
investigation of safety and efficacy
SO JOURNAL OF CHILD AND ADOLESCENT PSYCHOPHARMACOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
ID PEDIATRIC PSYCHOPHARMACOLOGY; DISCONTINUATION; ADOLESCENTS; BRAIN
AB Introduction: Early intervention in autism spectrum disorders (ASDs) appears promising and may represent a window of opportunity for more effective treatment. Whereas the safety and efficacy of risperidone have been established for children aged 5 and older, they has not been adequately tested in preschool children.
Methods: A randomized placebo-controlled study of risperidone in preschool children was conducted in a sample of young children, most of whom were also undergoing intensive behavioral treatment.
Results: Preschool children tolerated low-dose risperidone well with no serious adverse effects observed over a 6-month treatment period. Weight gain and hypersalivation were the most common side effects reported, and hyperprolactinemia without lactation or related signs was observed. Significant differences between groups found at baseline complicated the analyses; however, controlling for some of these differences revealed that preschoolers on risperidone demonstrated greater improvements in autism severity. The change in autism severity scores from baseline to 6-month follow up for the risperidone group was 8% compared to 3% for the placebo group. Notably, both groups significantly improved over the 6-month treatment period.
Conclusions: Study findings suggest that risperidone is well tolerated in preschoolers over a 6-month period, but that only minimally greater improvement in target symptoms was evident in the risperidone group, possibly due to the differences between groups at baseline or due to the small sample size. Although these findings are not sufficient to direct treatment, they suggest that larger-scale, double-blind, placebo-controlled investigations of risperidone in preschoolers with ASDs should now be conducted.
C1 Washington Univ, Sch Med, Dept Psychiat, St Louis, MO 63117 USA.
Harvard Univ, Sch Med, Childrens Hosp, Dept Psychiat, Boston, MA USA.
Med Coll Wisconsin, Dept Neurol, Milwaukee, WI 53226 USA.
Washington Univ, Dept Math, St Louis, MO 63130 USA.
RP Luby, J (reprint author), Washington Univ, Sch Med, Dept Psychiat, Box 8134,660 S Euclid, St Louis, MO 63117 USA.
EM lubyj@msnotes.wustl.edu
RI Belden, Andy/I-1830-2012
OI Belden, Andy/0000-0002-3294-9232
CR ACHENBACH TM, 1995, MANUAL CHILD BEHAV C
American Psychiatric Association, 1994, DIAGN STAT MAN MENT, V4th
Bertrand J, 2001, PEDIATRICS, V108, P1155, DOI 10.1542/peds.108.5.1155
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NR 23
TC 66
Z9 67
PU MARY ANN LIEBERT INC
PI NEW ROCHELLE
PA 140 HUGUENOT STREET, 3RD FL, NEW ROCHELLE, NY 10801 USA
SN 1044-5463
J9 J CHILD ADOL PSYCHOP
JI J. Child Adolesc. Psychopharmacol.
PD OCT
PY 2006
VL 16
IS 5
BP 575
EP 587
DI 10.1089/cap.2006.16.575
PG 13
WC Pediatrics; Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Psychiatry
SC Pediatrics; Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Psychiatry
GA 109KT
UT WOS:000242307600008
PM 17069546
ER
PT J
AU Scahill, L
Aman, MG
McDougle, CJ
McCracken, JT
Tierney, E
Dziura, J
Arnold, E
Posey, D
Young, C
Shah, B
Ghuman, J
Ritz, L
Vitiello, B
AF Scahill, Lawrence
Aman, Michael G.
McDougle, Christopher J.
McCracken, James T.
Tierney, Elaine
Dziura, James
Arnold, Eugene
Posey, David
Young, Christopher
Shah, Bhavik
Ghuman, Jaswinder
Ritz, Louise
Vitiello, Benedetto
TI A prospective open trial of guanfacine in children with pervasive
developmental disorders
SO JOURNAL OF CHILD AND ADOLESCENT PSYCHOPHARMACOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
ID ABERRANT BEHAVIOR CHECKLIST; DEFICIT HYPERACTIVITY DISORDER;
METHYLPHENIDATE; ADHD; ATOMOXETINE; COMMUNITY; AUTISM; NORMS; MTA
AB Objective: A common complaint for children with pervasive developmental disorder (PDD) is hyperactivity. The purpose of this pilot study was to gather preliminary information on the efficacy of guanfacine in children with PDD and hyperactivity.
Methods: Children with PDD accompanied by hyperactivity entered the open-label trial if there was a recent history of failed treatment with methylphenidate or the child did not improve on methylphenidate in a multisite, placebo-controlled trial.
Results: Children (23 boys and 2 girls) with a mean age of 9.03 (+/- 3.14) years entered the open-label trial. After 8 weeks of treatment, the parent-rated Hyperactivity subscale of the Aberrant Behavior Checklist (ABC) went from a mean of 31.3 (+/- 8.89) at baseline to 18.9 (+/- 10.37) (effect size = 1.4; p < 0.001). The teacher-rated Hyperactivity subscale decreased from a mean of 29.9 (+/-\9.12) at baseline to 22.3 (+/- 9.44) (effect size = 0.83; p < 0.01). Twelve children (48%) were rated as Much Improved or Very Much Improved on the Clinical Global Impressions-Improvement. Doses ranged from 1.0 to 3.0 mg/day in two or three divided doses. Common adverse effects included irritability, sedation, sleep disturbance (insomnia or midsleep awakening), and constipation. Irritability led to discontinuation in 3 subjects. There were no significant changes in pulse, blood pressure, or electrocardiogram.
Conclusions: Guanfacine may be useful for the treatment of hyperactivity in children with PDD. Placebo-controlled studies are needed to guide clinical practice.
C1 Yale Univ, Yale Child Study Ctr, New Haven, CT 06520 USA.
Ohio State Univ, Columbus, OH 43210 USA.
Indiana Univ, Bloomington, IN 47405 USA.
Univ Calif Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA USA.
Kennedy Krieger Inst, Baltimore, MD USA.
NIMH, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA.
RP Scahill, L (reprint author), Yale Univ, Yale Child Study Ctr, POB 207900, New Haven, CT 06520 USA.
EM lawrence.scahill@yale.edu
CR AMAN MG, 1985, AM J MENT DEF, V89, P485
American Psychiatric Association, 2000, DIAGN STAT MAN MENT
Arnold L. E., 2003, J CHILD ADOL PSYCHOP, V13, P27
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Avery RA, 2000, NEUROPSYCHOPHARMACOL, V23, P240, DOI 10.1016/S0893-133X(00)00111-1
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NR 28
TC 51
Z9 52
PU MARY ANN LIEBERT INC
PI NEW ROCHELLE
PA 140 HUGUENOT STREET, 3RD FL, NEW ROCHELLE, NY 10801 USA
SN 1044-5463
J9 J CHILD ADOL PSYCHOP
JI J. Child Adolesc. Psychopharmacol.
PD OCT
PY 2006
VL 16
IS 5
BP 589
EP 598
DI 10.1089/cap.2006.16.589
PG 10
WC Pediatrics; Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Psychiatry
SC Pediatrics; Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Psychiatry
GA 109KT
UT WOS:000242307600009
PM 17069547
ER
PT J
AU Troost, PW
Steenhuis, MP
Tuynman-Qua, HG
Kalverdijk, LJ
Buitelaar, JK
Minderaa, RB
Hoekstra, PJ
AF Troost, Pieter W.
Steenhuis, Mark-Peter
Tuynman-Qua, Hanneke G.
Kalverdijk, Luuk J.
Buitelaar, Jan K.
Minderaa, Ruud B.
Hoekstra, Pieter J.
TI Atomoxetine for attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder symptoms in
children with pervasive developmental disorders: A pilot study
SO JOURNAL OF CHILD AND ADOLESCENT PSYCHOPHARMACOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
ID DEFICIT HYPERACTIVITY DISORDER; DOUBLE-BLIND; SPECTRUM DISORDERS;
PLACEBO; AUTISM; ADOLESCENTS; METHYLPHENIDATE; ADHD; DESIPRAMINE;
RISPERIDONE
AB Objective: This pilot study examined the effects of atomoxetine on attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) symptoms and autistic features in children with pervasive developmental disorders (PDD).
Method: Twelve children (aged 6-14 years) with PDD accompanied by ADHD symptoms entered a 10-week open-label study with atomoxetine (1.19 +/- 0.41 mg/kg/day). Response was assessed by using parent and clinician rating scales with change in the ADHD-Rating Scale (ADHDRS) as primary outcome measure.
Results: Atomoxetine reduced ADHD-symptoms as measured by the ADHDRS (44% decrease vs. baseline, p < 0.003), the Conners' Parent Rating Scale-R:S (CPRS-R) (25% in the subscale "Cognitive Problems," p < 0.028; 32% in "Hyperactivity," p < 0.030; and 23% in "ADHD index," p < 0.023). We found a reduction of 21% (p = 0.071) for changes in the subscale "Hyperactivity" of the Aberrant Behavior Checklist (ABC). No change was found in any of the other ABC subscales, nor in the subscale "Oppositional" of the CPRS-R. Five patients (42%) discontinued because of side effects. Gastrointestinal symptoms, irritability, sleep problems, and fatigue were the most frequent side effects.
Conclusions: These preliminary findings indicate that atomoxetine may be a promising new agent in the treatment of ADHD symptoms in children with PDD. However, children with PDD may have a higher vulnerability for some of the known side-effects of atomoxetine.
C1 Univ Groningen, Univ Med Ctr Groningen, Dept Psychiat, NL-9700 AB Groningen, Netherlands.
Eli Lilly & Co, Indianapolis, IN 46285 USA.
Univ Med Ctr, Dept Psychiat, Nijmegen, Netherlands.
RP Troost, PW (reprint author), Child & Adolescent Psychiat Ctr, POB 660, NL-9700 AR Groningen, Netherlands.
EM p.troost@accare.nl
RI Buitelaar, Jan/E-4584-2012; Hoekstra, Pieter/O-4396-2014
OI Buitelaar, Jan/0000-0001-8288-7757;
CR Aman Michael G, 2004, Semin Pediatr Neurol, V11, P225, DOI 10.1016/j.spen.2004.07.006
Aman MG, 1996, J DEV PHYS DISABIL, V8, P347, DOI 10.1007/BF02578400
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American Psychiatric Association, 2000, DIAGN STAT MAN MENT
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DuPaul G. J., 1998, ADHD RATING SCALE, VIV
GILLBERG C, 2003, ATOMOXETINE VERSUS M
Handen BL, 2000, J AUTISM DEV DISORD, V30, P245, DOI 10.1023/A:1005548619694
JASELSKIS CA, 1992, J CLIN PSYCHOPHARM, V12, P322
Jou RJ, 2005, J CHILD ADOL PSYCHOP, V15, P325, DOI 10.1089/cap.2005.15.325
Kratochvil CJ, 2002, J AM ACAD CHILD PSY, V41, DOI 10.1097/00004583-200207000-00008
LORD C, 1994, J AUTISM DEV DISORD, V24, P659, DOI 10.1007/BF02172145
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RUTTER M, 2003, AUTISM DIAGNOSTIC IN
Scahill L, 2001, AM J PSYCHIAT, V158, P1067, DOI 10.1176/appi.ajp.158.7.1067
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NR 37
TC 42
Z9 42
PU MARY ANN LIEBERT INC
PI NEW ROCHELLE
PA 140 HUGUENOT STREET, 3RD FL, NEW ROCHELLE, NY 10801 USA
SN 1044-5463
J9 J CHILD ADOL PSYCHOP
JI J. Child Adolesc. Psychopharmacol.
PD OCT
PY 2006
VL 16
IS 5
BP 611
EP 619
DI 10.1089/cap.2006.16.611
PG 9
WC Pediatrics; Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Psychiatry
SC Pediatrics; Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Psychiatry
GA 109KT
UT WOS:000242307600011
PM 17069549
ER
PT J
AU Nicolson, R
Craven-Thuss, B
Smith, J
AF Nicolson, Rob
Craven-Thuss, Beth
Smith, Judy
TI A prospective, open-label trial of galantamine in autistic disorder
SO JOURNAL OF CHILD AND ADOLESCENT PSYCHOPHARMACOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
ID DEFICIT HYPERACTIVITY DISORDER; RATING-SCALE; ADJUNCTIVE DONEPEZIL;
CHILDREN; ABNORMALITIES; CORTEX
AB Objective: Post-mortem studies have reported abnormalities of the cholinergic system in autism. The purpose of this study was to assess the use of galantamine, an acetylcholinesterase inhibitor and nicotinic receptor modulator, in the treatment of interfering behaviors in children with autism.
Methods: Thirteen medication-free children with autism (mean age, 8.8 +/- 3.5 years) participated in a 12-week, open-label trial of galantamine. Patients were rated monthly by parents on the Aberrant Behavior Checklist (ABC) and the Conners' Parent Rating Scale-Revised, and by a physician using the Children's Psychiatric Rating Scale and the Clinical Global Impressions scale.
Results: Patients showed a significant reduction in parent-rated irritability and social withdrawal on the ABC as well as significant improvements in emotional lability and inattention on the Conners' Parent Rating Scale-Revised. Similarly, clinician ratings showed reductions in the anger subscale of the Children's Psychiatric Rating Scale. Eight of 13 participants were rated as responders on the basis of their improvement scores on the Clinical Global Impressions scale. Overall, galantamine was well-tolerated, with no significant adverse effects apart from headaches in one patient.
Conclusion: In this open trial, galantamine was well-tolerated and appeared to be beneficial for the treatment of interfering behaviors in children with autism, particularly aggression, behavioral dyscontrol, and inattention. Further controlled trials are warranted.
C1 Univ Western Ontario, Dept Psychiat, London, ON N6A 3K7, Canada.
RP Nicolson, R (reprint author), 800 Commissioners Rd E,E2-601, London, ON N6C 2V5, Canada.
EM Rnicolso@uwo.ca
RI Nicolson, Robert/E-4797-2011
CR American Psychiatric Association, 1994, DIAGN STAT MAN MENT, V4th
Arnold LE, 2000, J AUTISM DEV DISORD, V30, P99, DOI 10.1023/A:1005451304303
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Brown EC, 2002, RES DEV DISABIL, V23, P45, DOI 10.1016/S0891-4222(01)00091-9
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NR 24
TC 28
Z9 28
PU MARY ANN LIEBERT INC
PI NEW ROCHELLE
PA 140 HUGUENOT STREET, 3RD FL, NEW ROCHELLE, NY 10801 USA
SN 1044-5463
J9 J CHILD ADOL PSYCHOP
JI J. Child Adolesc. Psychopharmacol.
PD OCT
PY 2006
VL 16
IS 5
BP 621
EP 629
DI 10.1089/cap.2006.16.621
PG 9
WC Pediatrics; Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Psychiatry
SC Pediatrics; Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Psychiatry
GA 109KT
UT WOS:000242307600012
PM 17069550
ER
PT J
AU Stigler, KA
Posey, DJ
McDougle, CJ
AF Stigler, Kimberly A.
Posey, David J.
McDougle, Christopher J.
TI Ramelteon for insomnia in two youths with autistic disorder
SO JOURNAL OF CHILD AND ADOLESCENT PSYCHOPHARMACOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
ID SLEEP PROBLEMS; ASPERGERS-DISORDER; MENTAL-RETARDATION; CHILDREN;
MELATONIN; DISTURBANCES; PATTERNS; TAK-375; AGONIST
AB Objective: The aim of this study was to report preliminary data on the effectiveness and tolerability of ramelteon for the treatment of insomnia in youth with autistic disorder (autism).
Method: Two youths, ages 7 and 18 years, with autism and significant insomnia characterized by problems with sleep onset and maintenance received an open-label trial of ramelteon (4-8 mg) over a duration of 16-18 weeks.
Results: Target symptoms of delayed sleep onset and/or frequent nocturnal awakening improved significantly, as determined by Clinical Global Impressions-Improvement (CGI-I) scale ratings of either "much improved" or "very much improved." Ramelteon was well tolerated. No daytime sedation was reported.
Conclusions: This case report illustrates the potential effectiveness and tolerability of ramelteon for sleep disturbances in 2 patients with autism. Further research is needed to verify its safety, tolerability, and efficacy in children and adolescents with autism.
C1 Indiana Univ, Sch Med, James Whitcomb Riley Hosp Children, Dept Psychiat, Indianapolis, IN 46202 USA.
James Whitcomb Riley Hosp Children, Christian Sarkine Autism Treatment Ctr, Indianapolis, IN 46202 USA.
RP Stigler, KA (reprint author), Indiana Univ, Sch Med, James Whitcomb Riley Hosp Children, Dept Psychiat, Room 4300, Indianapolis, IN 46202 USA.
EM kstigler@iupui.edu
CR American Psychiatric Association, 2000, DIAGN STAT MAN MENT
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NR 27
TC 15
Z9 15
PU MARY ANN LIEBERT INC
PI NEW ROCHELLE
PA 140 HUGUENOT STREET, 3RD FL, NEW ROCHELLE, NY 10801 USA
SN 1044-5463
J9 J CHILD ADOL PSYCHOP
JI J. Child Adolesc. Psychopharmacol.
PD OCT
PY 2006
VL 16
IS 5
BP 631
EP 636
DI 10.1089/cap.2006.16.631
PG 6
WC Pediatrics; Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Psychiatry
SC Pediatrics; Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Psychiatry
GA 109KT
UT WOS:000242307600013
PM 17069551
ER
PT J
AU Knickmeyer, RC
Baron-Cohen, S
AF Knickmeyer, Rebecca Christine
Baron-Cohen, Simon
TI Fetal testosterone and sex differences in typical social development and
in autism
SO JOURNAL OF CHILD NEUROLOGY
LA English
DT Review
ID CONGENITAL ADRENAL-HYPERPLASIA; HIGH-FUNCTIONING AUTISM;
ANDROGEN-INSENSITIVITY SYNDROME; CENTRAL NERVOUS-SYSTEM;
GENDER-ROLE-BEHAVIOR; TYPED TOY PLAY; TURNER-SYNDROME;
ASPERGER-SYNDROME; DIETHYLSTILBESTROL DES; PRENATAL EXPOSURE
AB Experiments in animals leave no doubt that androgens, including testosterone, produced by the testes in fetal and/or neonatal life act on the brain to induce sex differences in neural structure and function. In human beings, there is evidence supporting a female superiority in the ability to read nonverbal signals, specific language-related skills, and theory of mind. Even more striking than the sex differences seen in the typical population is the elevated occurrence of social and communicative difficulties in human males. One such condition, autism, occurs four times more frequently in boys than in girls. Recently, a novel theory known as the "extreme male brain" has been proposed. It suggests that the behaviors seen in autism are an exaggeration of typical sex differences and that exposure to high levels of prenatal testosterone might be a risk factor. In this article, we argue that prenatal and neonatal testosterone exposures are strong candidates for having a causal role in sexual dimorphism in human behavior, including social development, and as risk factors for conditions characterized by social impairments, particularly autism spectrum conditions.
C1 Univ N Carolina, Dept Psychiat, Chapel Hill, NC USA.
Univ Cambridge, Dept Psychiat, Autism Res Ctr, Cambridge, England.
RP Knickmeyer, RC (reprint author), Univ N Carolina, Dept Psychiat, Neurosci Hosp 7023, CB 7160, Chapel Hill, NC 27599 USA.
EM rebecca_knickmeyer@med.unc.edu
RI Knickmeyer, Rebecca/G-8128-2014
OI Knickmeyer, Rebecca/0000-0001-7708-1388
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NR 260
TC 95
Z9 98
PU SAGE PUBLICATIONS INC
PI THOUSAND OAKS
PA 2455 TELLER RD, THOUSAND OAKS, CA 91320 USA
SN 0883-0738
J9 J CHILD NEUROL
JI J. Child Neurol.
PD OCT
PY 2006
VL 21
IS 10
BP 825
EP 845
DI 10.2310/7010.2006.00213
PG 21
WC Clinical Neurology; Pediatrics
SC Neurosciences & Neurology; Pediatrics
GA 122DU
UT WOS:000243206700001
PM 17005117
ER
PT J
AU Eluvathingal, TJ
Behen, ME
Chugani, HT
Janisse, J
Bernardi, B
Chakraborty, P
Juhasz, C
Muzik, O
Chugani, DC
AF Eluvathingal, Thomas J.
Behen, Michael E.
Chugani, Harry T.
Janisse, James
Bernardi, Bruno
Chakraborty, Pulak
Juhasz, Csaba
Muzik, Otto
Chugani, Diane C.
TI Cerebellar lesions in tuberous sclerosis complex: Neurobehavioral and
neuroimaging correlates
SO JOURNAL OF CHILD NEUROLOGY
LA English
DT Article
ID POSITRON-EMISSION-TOMOGRAPHY; SEROTONIN SYNTHESIS CAPACITY;
INFANTILE-AUTISM; CLINICORADIOLOGICAL EVALUATION; ATTENTION DEFICITS;
BRAIN; DISORDERS; CHILDREN; PET; ABNORMALITIES
AB We assessed the structural and functional imaging features of cerebellar lesions and their neurobehavioral correlates in a large cohort of patients with tuberous sclerosis complex. A consecutive series of 78 patients with tuberous sclerosis complex underwent magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and positron emission tomography (PET) studies with [F-18]fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG) and alpha-[C-11]methyl-L-tryptophan (AMT) as part of their evaluation for epilepsy surgery. Neurobehavioral assessment included the Gilliam Autism Rating Scales (GARS) and the Vineland Adaptive Behavior Scales (VABS). Twenty-one patients (27%) had cerebellar lesions (10 boys; mean age 9 +/- 8 years; 9 had right-sided, 10 had left-sided, and 2 had bilateral cerebellar lesions). The lesions showed decreased glucose metabolism (0.79 +/- 0.10) and increased (1.04 +/- 0.10) AMT uptake compared with the normal (nonlesional) cerebellar cortex. Comparisons between patients with (n = 20) and without (n = 57) a cerebellar lesion on neurobehavioral functioning, controlling for the number and location of cortical tubers, revealed that the cerebellar lesion group had higher overall autistic symptomatology. Within-group analyses of the cerebellar lesion group revealed that children with right-sided cerebellar lesions had higher social isolation and communicative and developmental disturbance compared with children with left-sided cerebellar lesions. The side of the cerebellar lesion was not related to adaptive behavior functioning. These findings provide additional empiric support for a role of the cerebellum in autistic symptomatology. Further investigation of the potential role of the right cerebellum in autism, particularly with regard to the dentatothalamofrontal circuit, is warranted.
C1 Wayne State Univ, Dept Pediat, Childrens Hosp Michigan, PET Ctr, Detroit, MI 48201 USA.
Wayne State Univ, Dept Neurol, Childrens Hosp Michigan, Detroit, MI 48201 USA.
Wayne State Univ, Dept Radiol, Childrens Hosp Michigan, Detroit, MI 48201 USA.
Wayne State Univ, Ctr Hlth Effectiveness Res, Childrens Hosp Michigan, Detroit, MI 48201 USA.
RP Chugani, DC (reprint author), Wayne State Univ, Dept Pediat, Childrens Hosp Michigan, PET Ctr, 3901 Beaubien Blvd, Detroit, MI 48201 USA.
EM dchugani@pet.wayne.edu
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NR 37
TC 38
Z9 38
PU SAGE PUBLICATIONS INC
PI THOUSAND OAKS
PA 2455 TELLER RD, THOUSAND OAKS, CA 91320 USA
SN 0883-0738
J9 J CHILD NEUROL
JI J. Child Neurol.
PD OCT
PY 2006
VL 21
IS 10
BP 846
EP 851
DI 10.2310/7010.2006.00192
PG 6
WC Clinical Neurology; Pediatrics
SC Neurosciences & Neurology; Pediatrics
GA 122DU
UT WOS:000243206700003
PM 17005099
ER
PT J
AU Hardan, AY
Girgis, RR
Lacerda, ALT
Yorbik, O
Kilpatiick, M
Keshavan, MS
Minshew, NJ
AF Hardan, Antonio Y.
Girgis, Ragy R.
Lacerda, Acioly L. T.
Yorbik, Ozgur
Kilpatiick, Megan
Keshavan, Matcheri S.
Minshew, Nancy J.
TI Magnetic resonance imaging study of the orbitofrontal cortex in autism
SO JOURNAL OF CHILD NEUROLOGY
LA English
DT Article
ID OBSESSIVE-COMPULSIVE DISORDER; PROGRESSIVE SUPRANUCLEAR PALSY;
CEREBRAL-BLOOD-FLOW; CORTICOBASAL DEGENERATION; BASAL GANGLIA;
POSTERIOR-FOSSA; VOLUMETRIC MRI; BRAIN VOLUME; MIND; CHILDREN
AB The orbitofrontal cortex is involved in multiple psychologic functions, such as emotional and cognitive processing, learning, and social behavior. These functions are variably impaired in individuals with autism. The present study examined the size of the orbitofrontal cortex, and its medial and lateral subdivisions, using magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scans obtained from 40 non-mentally retarded individuals with autism and 41 healthy controls. No differences were observed between the two groups on any of the orbitofrontal cortex measurements. However, when compared with controls, a smaller right lateral orbitofrontal cortex was observed in children and adolescents with autism, whereas a larger right lateral orbitofrontal cortex was found in adult patients. Interestingly, a positive relationship was found in the patient group between circumscribed interests and all orbitofrontal cortex structures. The present study suggests the absence of global volumetric abnormalities in the orbitofrontal cortex in autism and indicates that the functional disturbances in this structure might not be related to anatomic alterations.
C1 Stanford Univ, Dept Psychiat & Behav Sci, Stanford, CA 94305 USA.
Univ Pittsburgh, Sch Med, Western Psychiat Inst & Clin, Dept Psychiat, Pittsburgh, PA USA.
Univ Estadual Campinas, Dept Med Psychol & Psychiat, Sch Med Sci, Campinas, Brazil.
GATA Child & Adolescent Psychiat Dept, Ankara, Turkey.
Wayne State Univ, Sch Med, Dept Psychiat & Behav Sci, Detroit, MI USA.
RP Hardan, AY (reprint author), Stanford Univ, Dept Psychiat & Behav Sci, 401 Quarry Rd, Stanford, CA 94305 USA.
EM hardanay@upmc.edu
RI Lacerda, Acioly/A-7052-2010
OI Lacerda, Acioly/0000-0002-9370-0449
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NR 41
TC 23
Z9 25
PU SAGE PUBLICATIONS INC
PI THOUSAND OAKS
PA 2455 TELLER RD, THOUSAND OAKS, CA 91320 USA
SN 0883-0738
J9 J CHILD NEUROL
JI J. Child Neurol.
PD OCT
PY 2006
VL 21
IS 10
BP 866
EP 871
DI 10.2310/7010.2006.00199
PG 6
WC Clinical Neurology; Pediatrics
SC Neurosciences & Neurology; Pediatrics
GA 122DU
UT WOS:000243206700007
PM 17005103
ER
PT J
AU Frith, CD
AF Frith, Chris D.
TI The value of brain imaging in the study of development and its disorders
SO JOURNAL OF CHILD PSYCHOLOGY AND PSYCHIATRY
LA English
DT Article
ID AUTISM; PERCEPTION; ATTENTION
C1 UCL, Wellcome Dept Imaging Neurosci, Inst Neurol, London WC1E 6BT, England.
RP Frith, CD (reprint author), UCL, Wellcome Dept Imaging Neurosci, Inst Neurol, London WC1E 6BT, England.
RI Frith, Chris/A-2171-2009
OI Frith, Chris/0000-0002-8665-0690
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Blakemore S-J., 2005, LEARNING BRAIN
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NR 15
TC 4
Z9 4
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI MALDEN
PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA
SN 0021-9630
J9 J CHILD PSYCHOL PSYC
JI J. Child Psychol. Psychiatry
PD OCT
PY 2006
VL 47
IS 10
BP 979
EP 982
DI 10.1111/j.1469-7610.2006.01690.x
PG 4
WC Psychology, Developmental; Psychiatry; Psychology
SC Psychology; Psychiatry
GA 099VL
UT WOS:000241625200001
PM 17073975
ER
PT J
AU Kemner, C
Schuller, AM
van Engeland, H
AF Kemner, C.
Schuller, A-M.
van Engeland, H.
TI Electrocortical reflections of face and gaze processing in children with
pervasive developmental disorder
SO JOURNAL OF CHILD PSYCHOLOGY AND PSYCHIATRY
LA English
DT Article
DE pervasive developmental disorder; face; eye gaze; cueing; N170; ERP
ID AUTISM SPECTRUM DISORDER; EYE GAZE; VISUOSPATIAL ATTENTION;
SPATIAL-FREQUENCY; ASPERGER-SYNDROME; BRAIN POTENTIALS; NEURAL BASIS;
PERCEPTION; INDIVIDUALS; DEFICITS
AB Background: Children with pervasive developmental disorder (PDD) show behavioral abnormalities in gaze and face processing, but recent studies have indicated that normal activation of face-specific brain areas in response to faces is possible in this group. It is not clear whether the brain activity related to gaze processing is also normal in children with PDD. Methods: Event-related brain potentials (ERPs) were measured during two spatial attention tasks in which a centrally presented stimulus served as cue for the location of a forthcoming target. In one task faces were used as cues, and in the other arrows. Seventeen children with PDD and 18 age- and IQ-matched control children were tested. Results: Face stimuli elicited the same specific ERP activity in both groups. Also, both children with PDD and controls showed shorter reaction times as well as larger amplitudes and shorter latency times of several ERP peaks to congruently cued targets than to incongruently cued targets in both tasks. However, children with PDD showed abnormally small occipital ERPs in response to both face and arrow stimuli. Conclusion: The results provide evidence for the capability of normal processing of face and gaze change in children with PDD. The smaller occipital activity might be related to more general abnormalities in perception.
C1 Univ Utrecht, Med Ctr, Dept Child & Adolescent Psychiat, Rudolf Magnus Inst Neurosci, NL-3508 TC Utrecht, Netherlands.
Maastricht Univ, Fac Psychol, Dept Neurocognit, Maastricht, Netherlands.
Univ Louvain, Fac Psychol, UCL, B-3001 Louvain, Belgium.
RP Kemner, C (reprint author), Univ Utrecht, Med Ctr, Dept Child & Adolescent Psychiat, Rudolf Magnus Inst Neurosci, NL-3508 TC Utrecht, Netherlands.
EM C.Kemner@umcutrecht.nl
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NR 46
TC 15
Z9 15
PU BLACKWELL PUBLISHING
PI OXFORD
PA 9600 GARSINGTON RD, OXFORD OX4 2DQ, OXON, ENGLAND
SN 0021-9630
J9 J CHILD PSYCHOL PSYC
JI J. Child Psychol. Psychiatry
PD OCT
PY 2006
VL 47
IS 10
BP 1063
EP 1072
DI 10.1111/j.1469-7610.2006.01678.x
PG 10
WC Psychology, Developmental; Psychiatry; Psychology
SC Psychology; Psychiatry
GA 099VL
UT WOS:000241625200011
PM 17073985
ER
PT J
AU Anderson, CJ
Colombo, J
Shaddy, DJ
AF Anderson, Christa J.
Colombo, John
Shaddy, D. Jill
TI Visual scanning and pupillary responses in young children with autism
spectrum disorder
SO JOURNAL OF CLINICAL AND EXPERIMENTAL NEUROPSYCHOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
ID HOME VIDEOTAPES; STIMULI; AGE; INDIVIDUALS; RECOGNITION; PERFORMANCE;
RESOURCES; ATTENTION; INFANCY; TASK
AB Using eye-tracking technology we investigated visual scanning and pupillary responses to face and non-face stimuli in nine children (M = 49.6 months) with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) compared to six mental-age and nine chronological-age matched children. The results revealed a significant decrease in visual scanning to landscapes. In addition, the ASD group showed pupillary constriction to children's faces, while control groups showed pupillary dilation. Visual scanning responses to landscapes had a negative correlation with the Behavior subscale of the Autism Diagnostic Observation Schedule-Generic for the ASD group. Potential use of these measures as early indicators of ASD is discussed.
C1 Univ Kansas, Dept Psychol, Lawrence, KS 66045 USA.
RP Anderson, CJ (reprint author), Univ Kansas, Dept Psychol, 1415 Jayhawk Blvd, Lawrence, KS 66045 USA.
EM cjanders@ku.edu
RI Colombo, John/C-6200-2008
OI Colombo, John/0000-0002-6802-0820
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NR 43
TC 38
Z9 39
PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC
PI PHILADELPHIA
PA 325 CHESTNUT ST, SUITE 800, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA
SN 1380-3395
J9 J CLIN EXP NEUROPSYC
JI J. Clin. Exp. Neuropsychol.
PD OCT
PY 2006
VL 28
IS 7
BP 1238
EP 1256
DI 10.1080/13803390500376790
PG 19
WC Psychology, Clinical; Clinical Neurology; Psychology
SC Psychology; Neurosciences & Neurology
GA 064KV
UT WOS:000239089300014
PM 16840248
ER
PT J
AU Montes, G
Halterman, JS
AF Montes, Guillermo
Halterman, Jill S.
TI Characteristics of school-age children with autism
SO JOURNAL OF DEVELOPMENTAL AND BEHAVIORAL PEDIATRICS
LA English
DT Article
DE autism; prevalence; schools; epidemiology; comorbidity; children
ID PERVASIVE DEVELOPMENTAL DISORDERS; EARLY INTERVENTION; YOUNG-CHILDREN;
PREVALENCE; HEALTH; POPULATION; RATES
AB The objectives of this study were to provide a national profile of children with autism, to describe the impact of autism on school functioning, and to describe the utilization of services among children with autism. We performed a cross-sectional descriptive analysis of 9583 children (grades K-8) from the 2001 National Household Education Survey Before and After School Survey. We used parent-reported information to determine the prevalence of autism, and children with autism were compared to children without autism on sociodemographic measures and several measures of school functioning and utilization of services. The prevalence of autism in this sample was 66 per 10,000. Children with autism were proportionately represented in all communities and all regions of the country. While children with autism were equally likely to attend public schools compared to children without autism, they were significantly more likely to have learning difficulties and to carry multiple diagnoses, including attention deficit disorder and learning disability. Most of these children received services for their disability through the school district. In conclusion, data from this survey yielded a prevalence estimate of autism similar to other recent studies. Children with autism have performance and behavior problems that persist despite the availability of services to the majority of children. The important needs of these children warrant further attention.
C1 Univ Rochester, Sch Med & Dent, Dept Pediat, Rochester, NY 14642 USA.
Strong Childrens Res Ctr, Rochester, NY USA.
Childrens Inst Inc, Rochester, NY USA.
RP Halterman, JS (reprint author), Univ Rochester, Strong Mem Hosp, Sch Med, Box 777,601 Elmwood Ave, Rochester, NY 14642 USA.
EM jill_halterman@urmc.rochester.edu
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NR 25
TC 16
Z9 16
PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS
PI PHILADELPHIA
PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA
SN 0196-206X
J9 J DEV BEHAV PEDIATR
JI J. Dev. Behav. Pediatr.
PD OCT
PY 2006
VL 27
IS 5
BP 379
EP 385
DI 10.1097/00004703-200610000-00002
PG 7
WC Behavioral Sciences; Psychology, Developmental; Pediatrics
SC Behavioral Sciences; Psychology; Pediatrics
GA 100CK
UT WOS:000241644600002
PM 17041273
ER
PT J
AU Young, L
Pinto-Martin, JA
Warszawa, A
Giarelli, E
Levy, SE
AF Young, Lisa
Pinto-Martin, Jennifer A.
Warszawa, Anna
Giarelli, Ellen
Levy, Susan E.
TI Comparison of a general developmental screening tool and an autism
specific screening tool in Autistic Spectrum Disorder (Asd) assessment
SO JOURNAL OF DEVELOPMENTAL AND BEHAVIORAL PEDIATRICS
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
C1 Univ Penn, Sch Nursing, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA.
Childrens Hosp Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA.
NR 0
TC 3
Z9 3
PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS
PI PHILADELPHIA
PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA
SN 0196-206X
J9 J DEV BEHAV PEDIATR
JI J. Dev. Behav. Pediatr.
PD OCT
PY 2006
VL 27
IS 5
BP 431
EP 431
DI 10.1097/00004703-200610000-00024
PG 1
WC Behavioral Sciences; Psychology, Developmental; Pediatrics
SC Behavioral Sciences; Psychology; Pediatrics
GA 100CK
UT WOS:000241644600022
ER
PT J
AU Thioux, M
Stark, DE
Klaiman, C
Schultz, RT
AF Thioux, Marc
Stark, David E.
Klaiman, Cheryl
Schultz, Robert T.
TI The day of the week when you were born in 700 ms: Calendar computation
in an autistic savant
SO JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL PSYCHOLOGY-HUMAN PERCEPTION AND PERFORMANCE
LA English
DT Article
DE autism; arithmetic; circumscribed interests; savant; verbal memory
ID CALENDRICAL CALCULATORS; IDIOTS-SAVANTS; MENTAL MULTIPLICATION;
ASSOCIATION CORTEX; BRAIN; INTELLIGENCE; ACQUISITION; DISORDERS;
CHILDHOOD; MEMORY
AB Some individuals are able to determine the weekday of a given date in a few seconds (finding for instance that June 12, 1900, was a Tuesday). This ability has fascinated scientists for many years because it is predominantly observed in people with limited intelligence and may appear very early in life. Exceptional visual memory, exceptional concentration abilities, or privileged access to lower levels of information not normally available through introspection have been advanced to explain such phenomena. In the present article, the authors show that a simple cognitive model can explain all aspects of the performance of Donny, a young autistic savant who is possibly the fastest and most accurate calendar prodigy ever described.
C1 Yale Univ, Sch Med, Ctr Child Study, New Haven, CT 06510 USA.
RP Thioux, M (reprint author), Univ Groningen, Med Ctr, Neuro Imaging Ctr, Antonius Deusinglaan 2, NL-9713 AW Groningen, Netherlands.
EM m.a.thioux@med.umcg.nl
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NR 47
TC 18
Z9 19
PU AMER PSYCHOLOGICAL ASSOC/EDUCATIONAL PUBLISHING FOUNDATION
PI WASHINGTON
PA 750 FIRST ST NE, WASHINGTON, DC 20002-4242 USA
SN 0096-1523
J9 J EXP PSYCHOL HUMAN
JI J. Exp. Psychol.-Hum. Percept. Perform.
PD OCT
PY 2006
VL 32
IS 5
BP 1155
EP 1168
DI 10.1037/0096-1523.32.5.1155
PG 14
WC Psychology; Psychology, Experimental
SC Psychology
GA 089MM
UT WOS:000240884700006
PM 17002528
ER
PT J
AU Galli-Carminati, G
Chauvet, I
Deriaz, N
AF Galli-Carminati, G.
Chauvet, I.
Deriaz, N.
TI Prevalence of gastrointestinal disorders in adult clients with pervasive
developmental disorders
SO JOURNAL OF INTELLECTUAL DISABILITY RESEARCH
LA English
DT Article
DE behavioural disorders; gastrointestinal disorders; intellectual
disability; neuro-organic comorbidity; pervasive developmental disorders
(PDD)
ID INTELLECTUALLY DISABLED INDIVIDUALS; GASTROESOPHAGEAL-REFLUX DISEASE;
HELICOBACTER-PYLORI INFECTION; HIRSCHSPRUNG-DISEASE; BRAIN-STEM; AUTISM;
CHILDREN; DISABILITY; ABNORMALITIES; MMR
AB Background: In clients with pervasive developmental disorders (PDD), some authors have noticed the presence of gastrointestinal disorders and behavioural disorders. An augmented prevalence of different histological anomalies has also been reported. The aim of our study is to highlight the prevalence of gastrointestinal disorders in this adult with PDD sample and to demonstrate the importance of accurate evaluation of gastrointestinal disorders in clients with PDD.
Methods: The present comparative study involved 118 clients. Our research was motivated by the clinical observation that behavioural disorders sometimes disappeared with administration of anti-gastric acid or anti-ulcerous medications. It focused on two samples of clients with intellectual disability - those with associated PDD and those without. The presence of gastrointestinal disorders was assessed retrospectively on the basis of hospital records.
Results: The prevalence of gastrointestinal disorders reported in clinical files was 48.8% in clients with PDD, as compared with 8.0% in non-PDD clients (P < 0.00001).
Conclusion: Gastrointestinal disorders, and especially gastro-oesophageal reflux, if neglected, may contribute to behavioural disorders in PDD clients. Moreover, gastrointestinal disorders may be considered as a feature of PDD. We highlight the fact that somatic disorders may coexist in persons with PDD.
C1 Geneva Univ Hosp, Dept Psychiat, Serv Adult Psychiat, Mental Dev Psychiat Unit, Geneva, Switzerland.
RP Galli-Carminati, G (reprint author), HUG, UPDM Dept Psychiat, Bat Jura 2,Ch Petit Bel Air, CH-1225 Chene Bourg, Switzerland.
EM giuliana.gallicarminati@hcuge.ch
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NR 36
TC 6
Z9 6
PU BLACKWELL PUBLISHING
PI OXFORD
PA 9600 GARSINGTON RD, OXFORD OX4 2DQ, OXON, ENGLAND
SN 0964-2633
J9 J INTELL DISABIL RES
JI J. Intell. Disabil. Res.
PD OCT
PY 2006
VL 50
BP 711
EP 718
DI 10.1111/j.1365-2788.2006.00833.x
PN 10
PG 8
WC Education, Special; Genetics & Heredity; Clinical Neurology; Psychiatry;
Rehabilitation
SC Education & Educational Research; Genetics & Heredity; Neurosciences &
Neurology; Psychiatry; Rehabilitation
GA 081WY
UT WOS:000240349500002
PM 16961700
ER
PT J
AU Persico, AM
Levitt, P
Pimenta, AF
AF Persico, A. M.
Levitt, P.
Pimenta, A. F.
TI Polymorphic GGC repeat differentially regulates human reelin gene
expression levels
SO JOURNAL OF NEURAL TRANSMISSION
LA English
DT Article
DE autism; gene expression; reelin; schizophrenia; transcription;
translation; triplet repeat
ID EXTRACELLULAR-MATRIX; VULNERABILITY FACTOR; AUTISTIC DISORDER;
MESSENGER-RNAS; RELN GENE; SCHIZOPHRENIA; MOUSE; BRAIN; ASSOCIATION;
PROTEINS
AB The human gene encoding Reelin (RELN), a pivotal protein in neurodevelopment, includes a polymorphic GGC repeat in its 5' untranslated region (UTR). CHO cells transfected with constructs encompassing the RELN 5'UTR with 4-to-13 GGC repeats upstream of the luciferase reporter gene show declining luciferase activity with increasing GGC repeat number (P < 0.005), as predicted by computer-based simulations. Conversely, RELN 5'UTR sequences boost reporter gene expression above control levels in neuronal SN56 and N2A cell lines, but 12- and 13-repeat alleles still yield 50-60% less luciferase activity compared to the more common 8- and 10-repeat alleles (P < 0.0001). RELN "long" GGC alleles significantly blunt gene expression and may, through this effect, confer vulnerability to human disorders, such as schizophrenia and autism.
C1 Univ Rome, Lab Mol Psychiat & Neurogenet, I-00155 Rome, Italy.
IRCCS, Fdn S Lucia, Rome, Italy.
Vanderbilt Univ, Vanderbilt Kennedy Ctr Res Human Dev, Nashville, TN USA.
Vanderbilt Univ, Dept Pharmacol, Nashville, TN USA.
RP Persico, AM (reprint author), Univ Rome, Lab Mol Psychiat & Neurogenet, Campus Biomed,Via Emilio Longoni 83, I-00155 Rome, Italy.
EM a.persico@unicampus.it
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NR 47
TC 23
Z9 28
PU SPRINGER WIEN
PI WIEN
PA SACHSENPLATZ 4-6, PO BOX 89, A-1201 WIEN, AUSTRIA
SN 0300-9564
J9 J NEURAL TRANSM
JI J. Neural Transm.
PD OCT
PY 2006
VL 113
IS 10
BP 1373
EP 1382
DI 10.1007/s00702-006-0441-6
PG 10
WC Clinical Neurology; Neurosciences
SC Neurosciences & Neurology
GA 088FP
UT WOS:000240797700003
PM 16604303
ER
PT J
AU Wilson, D
Wharton, T
AF Wilson, Deirdre
Wharton, Tim
TI Relevance and prosody
SO JOURNAL OF PRAGMATICS
LA English
DT Article; Proceedings Paper
CT Conference on Prosody and Pragmatics
CY NOV, 2003
CL Preston, ENGLAND
SP Univ Cent Lancashire, N West Ctr Linguist, Linguist Assoc Great Britain, British Assoc Acad Phonet
DE prosody; pragmatics; relevance theory; signs; signals; inference
ID FACIAL EXPRESSIONS; MIND; INTENTIONS; MODULARITY; PRAGMATICS; EMOTION;
AUTISM; COMMUNICATION; LANGUAGE; VOICE
AB Prosodic elements such as stress and intonation are generally seen as providing both 'natural' and properly linguistic input to utterance comprehension. They contribute not only to overt communication but to more covert or accidental forms of information transmission. They typically create impressions, convey information about emotions or attitudes, or alter the salience of linguistically-possible interpretations rather than conveying distinct propositions or concepts in their own right. These aspects of communication present a challenge to pragmatic theory: how should they be described and explained? This paper is an attempt to explore how the wealth of insights provided by the literature on the interpretation of prosody might be integrated into the relevance-theoretic framework (Sperber and Wilson, 1986/1995; Blakemore, 2002; Carston, 2002). We will focus on four main issues. First, how should the communication of emotions, attitudes and impressions be analysed? Second, how might prosodic elements function as 'natural' communicative devices? Third, what (if anything) do prosodic elements encode? Fourth, what light can the study of prosody shed on the place of pragmatics in the architecture of the mind? In each case, we hope to show that the study of prosody and the study of pragmatics can interact in ways that benefit both disciplines. (c) 2006 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
C1 UCL, Dept Phonet & Linguist, London WC1E 6BT, England.
RP Wilson, D (reprint author), UCL, Dept Phonet & Linguist, Gower St, London WC1E 6BT, England.
EM deirdre@ling.ucl.ac.uk; timw@ling.ucl.ac.uk
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NR 84
TC 55
Z9 59
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0378-2166
J9 J PRAGMATICS
JI J. Pragmat.
PD OCT
PY 2006
VL 38
IS 10
BP 1559
EP 1579
DI 10.1016/j.pragma.2005.04.012
PG 21
WC Linguistics; Language & Linguistics
SC Linguistics
GA 087PV
UT WOS:000240755300003
ER
PT J
AU Peppe, S
McCann, J
Gibbon, F
O'Hare, A
Rutherford, M
AF Peppe, Sue
McCann, Joanne
Gibbon, Fiona
O'Hare, Anne
Rutherford, Marion
TI Assessing prosodic and pragmatic ability in children with
high-functioning autism
SO JOURNAL OF PRAGMATICS
LA English
DT Article; Proceedings Paper
CT Conference on Prosody and Pragmatics
CY NOV, 2003
CL Preston, ENGLAND
SP Univ Cent Lancashire, N West Ctr Linguist, Linguist Assoc Great Britain, British Assoc Acad Phonet
DE prosody; intonation; autism; pragmatic; assessment
ID LANGUAGE IMPAIRMENTS; ASPERGER-SYNDROME; INTONATION; STRESS; SPEECH;
ADULTS; VOICE; MIND
AB Children with high-functioning autism are widely reported to show deficits in both prosodic and pragmatic ability. New procedures for assessing both of these are now available and have been used in a study of 31 children with high-functioning autism and 72 controls. Some of the findings from a review of the literature on prosodic skills in individuals with autism are presented, and it is shown how these skills are addressed in a new prosodic assessment procedure, PEPS-C. A case study of a child with high-functioning autism shows how his prosodic skills can be evaluated on the prosody assessment procedure, and how his skills compare with those of controls. He is also assessed for pragmatic ability. Results of both assessments are considered together to show how, in the case of this child, specific prosodic skill-levels can affect pragmatic ability. (c) 2006 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
C1 Queen Margaret Univ Coll, Speech & Hearing Sci, Edinburgh EH12 8TS, Midlothian, Scotland.
Univ Edinburgh, Royal Hosp Sick Children, Edinburgh EH10 5HF, Midlothian, Scotland.
Royal Hosp Sick Children, Edinburgh EH9 1LF, Midlothian, Scotland.
RP Peppe, S (reprint author), Queen Margaret Univ Coll, Speech & Hearing Sci, Clerwood Terrace, Edinburgh EH12 8TS, Midlothian, Scotland.
EM speppe@qmuc.ac.uk
RI Gibbon, Fiona/J-8255-2013
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NR 37
TC 12
Z9 12
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0378-2166
J9 J PRAGMATICS
JI J. Pragmat.
PD OCT
PY 2006
VL 38
IS 10
BP 1776
EP 1791
DI 10.1016/j.pragma.2005.07.004
PG 16
WC Linguistics; Language & Linguistics
SC Linguistics
GA 087PV
UT WOS:000240755300013
ER
PT J
AU Arnold, LE
Aman, MG
Cook, AM
Witwer, AN
Hall, KL
Thompson, S
Ramadan, Y
AF Arnold, L. Eugene
Aman, Michael G.
Cook, Amelia M.
Witwer, Andrea N.
Hall, Kristy L.
Thompson, Susan
Ramadan, Yaser
TI Atomoxetine for hyperactivity in autism spectrum disorders:
Placebo-controlled crossover pilot trial
SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN ACADEMY OF CHILD AND ADOLESCENT PSYCHIATRY
LA English
DT Article
DE attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder; autism; treatment;
atomoxetine; clinical trial
ID ATTENTION-DEFICIT/HYPERACTIVITY DISORDER; PERVASIVE DEVELOPMENTAL
DISORDERS; ABERRANT BEHAVIOR CHECKLIST; MENTAL-RETARDATION;
METHYLPHENIDATE TREATMENT; SCHIZOPHRENIC CHILDREN; RELAPSE PREVENTION;
DOUBLE-BLIND; ADHD; ADOLESCENTS
AB Objective: To explore placebo-controlled efficacy and safety of atomoxetine (ATX) for attention-deficit/hyper-activity disorder (ADHD) symptoms in children with autism spectrum disorders (ASD). Method: Children ages 5 to 15 with ASD and prominent ADHD symptoms were randomly assigned to order in a crossover of clinically titrated ATX and placebo, 6 weeks each, separated by 1-week washout. Slopes for each condition were compared by paired t test. Results: In 2004-2005, 12 boys and 4 girls (7 with autistic disorder, 1 Asperger's, 8 pervasive developmental disorder not otherwise specified) all completed at least 3 weeks of each condition. On the primary outcome, the Hyperactivity subscale of the Aberrant Behavior Checklist, ATX was superior to placebo (p=.043, effect size d=0.90). It was also superior on a 0 to 3 rating of nine DSM-IV ADHD hyperactive/impulsive symptoms (p = .005, d = 1.27), but missed significance on nine inattentive symptoms (p = .053, d = 0.89). Nine subjects responded to ATX, four to placebo (25% improvement on the Hyperactivity subscale plus Clinical Global Impressions-improvement of 1-2. One Was rehospitalized for recurrent violence on ATX. Adverse events were otherwise tolerable, with no tendency to stereotypy. Conclusions: ATX appears safe and effective for treating hyperactivity in some children with autism spectrum disorders. The effect appears as large as in a multisite methylphenidate trial in the same population, with fewer intolerable side effects. Further study in autism spectrum disorders is indicated.
C1 Ohio State Univ, Nisonger Ctr, Columbus, OH 43210 USA.
RP Arnold, LE (reprint author), Ohio State Univ, Nisonger Ctr, 1581 Dodd Dr, Columbus, OH 43210 USA.
EM arnold.6@osu.edu
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NR 41
TC 96
Z9 100
PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS
PI PHILADELPHIA
PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA
SN 0890-8567
J9 J AM ACAD CHILD PSY
JI J. Am. Acad. Child Adolesc. Psychiatr.
PD OCT
PY 2006
VL 45
IS 10
BP 1196
EP 1205
DI 10.1097/01.chi.0000231976.28719.2a
PG 10
WC Psychology, Developmental; Pediatrics; Psychiatry
SC Psychology; Pediatrics; Psychiatry
GA 087MP
UT WOS:000240746800007
PM 17003665
ER
PT J
AU Ronald, A
Happe, F
Price, TS
Baron-Cohen, S
Plomin, R
AF Ronald, Angelica
Happe, Francesca
Price, Thomas S.
Baron-Cohen, Simon
Plomin, Robert
TI Phenotypic and genetic overlap between autistic traits at the extremes
of the general population
SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN ACADEMY OF CHILD AND ADOLESCENT PSYCHIATRY
LA English
DT Article
DE twins; genetics; autism; autistic traits
ID INDIVIDUAL-DIFFERENCES; BEHAVIOR PROBLEMS; ASPERGER-SYNDROME; TWIN DATA;
CHILDREN; COMORBIDITY; CHILDHOOD; RELATIVES; ETIOLOGY; DISABILITIES
AB Objective: To investigate children selected from a community sample for showing extreme autistic-like traits and to assess the degree to which these individual traits-social impairments (SIs), communication impairments (CIs), and restricted repetitive behaviors and interests (RRBIs)-are caused by genes and environments, whether all of them are caused by the same genes and environments, and how often they occur together (as required by an autism diagnosis).
Method: The most extreme-scoring 5% were selected from 3,419 8-year-old pairs in the Twins Early Development Study assessed on the Childhood Asperger Syndrome Test. Phenotypic associations between extreme traits were compared with associations among the full-scale scores. Genetic associations between extreme traits were quantified using bivariate DeFries-Fulker extremes analysis.
Results: Phenotypic relationships between extreme SIs, CIs, and RRBIs were modest. There was a degree of genetic overlap between them, but also substantial genetic specificity.
Conclusions: This first twin study assessing the links between extreme individual autistic-like traits (SIs, CIs, and RRBIs) found that all are highly heritable but show modest phenotypic and genetic overlap. This finding concurs with that of an earlier study from the same cohort that showed that a total autistic symptoms score at the extreme showed high heritability and that SIs, CIs, and RRBIs show weak links in the general population. This new finding has relevance for both clinical models and future molecular genetic studies.
C1 Kings Coll London, Social Genet & Dev Psychiat Ctr, Inst Psychiat, London SE5 8AF, England.
Univ Penn, Sch Med, Inst Translat Med & Therapeut, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA.
Univ Cambridge, Autism Res Ctr, Cambridge, England.
RP Ronald, A (reprint author), Kings Coll London, Social Genet & Dev Psychiat Ctr, Inst Psychiat, De Crespigny Pk, London SE5 8AF, England.
EM a.ronald@iop.kcl.ac.uk
RI Happe, Francesca/D-5544-2012; Ronald, Angelica/C-7812-2009; Plomin,
Robert/B-8911-2008; Price, Thomas/B-7372-2008
OI Ronald, Angelica/0000-0002-9576-2176; Price, Thomas/0000-0001-7356-2109
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NR 35
TC 94
Z9 95
PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS
PI PHILADELPHIA
PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA
SN 0890-8567
J9 J AM ACAD CHILD PSY
JI J. Am. Acad. Child Adolesc. Psychiatr.
PD OCT
PY 2006
VL 45
IS 10
BP 1206
EP 1214
DI 10.1097/01.chi.0000230165.54117.41
PG 9
WC Psychology, Developmental; Pediatrics; Psychiatry
SC Psychology; Pediatrics; Psychiatry
GA 087MP
UT WOS:000240746800008
PM 17003666
ER
PT J
AU Azar, M
Badr, LK
AF Azar, Mathilde
Badr, Lina Kurdahi
TI The adaptation of mothers of children with intellectual disability in
Lebanon
SO JOURNAL OF TRANSCULTURAL NURSING
LA English
DT Article; Proceedings Paper
CT International Scientific Conference on One Hundred Years of Nursing
Education at American-University-of-Beirut
CY JUN 30-JUL 02, 2005
CL Beirut, LEBANON
HO Amer Univ Beirut Sch Nursing
DE intellectual disability; developmentally disabled; developmentally
impaired; mental retardation; coping; adaptation
ID DOUBLE ABCX MODEL; PARENTAL STRESS; MENTAL-RETARDATION; SOCIAL SUPPORT;
FAMILIES; FATHERS; DEPRESSION; AUTISM
AB In many Middle Eastern countries, including Lebanon, there is a stigma attached to families who have an intellectually impaired child. These families complain of isolation and lack of community resources that could help them cope with their circumstances to optimize the child's abilities. Health professionals and researchers should be cognizant of factors related to the process of stress adaptation to help families cope with their circumstances. The aim of this cross-sectional study was to identify factors that play a role in mothers' adaptation to the care of their intellectually impaired children. The results, based on a sample of 127 mothers from Lebanon, reveal that a high percentage of mothers had depressive symptoms. Multiple regression analysis demonstrates that by order of importance, the factors that determine maternal depression are family strain, parental stress, and family income. The conclusions about nursing implications from a cultural perspective are discussed and recommendations proposed.
C1 Univ Balamand, Nursing Program, French Sect, Fac Hlth Sci, Beirut, Lebanon.
Azusa Pacific Univ, Dept Nursing, Azusa, CA USA.
RP Azar, M (reprint author), Univ Balamand, Nursing Program, French Sect, Fac Hlth Sci, Beirut, Lebanon.
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NR 37
TC 19
Z9 19
PU SAGE PUBLICATIONS INC
PI THOUSAND OAKS
PA 2455 TELLER RD, THOUSAND OAKS, CA 91320 USA
SN 1043-6596
J9 J TRANSCULT NURS
JI J. Transcult. Nurs.
PD OCT
PY 2006
VL 17
IS 4
BP 375
EP 380
DI 10.1177/1043659606291550
PG 6
WC Nursing
SC Nursing
GA 085XH
UT WOS:000240637200008
PM 16946120
ER
PT J
AU Brownlow, C
O'Dell, L
AF Brownlow, Charlotte
O'Dell, Lindsay
TI Constructing an autistic identity: AS voices online
SO MENTAL RETARDATION
LA English
DT Article
ID SOCIAL MODEL; DISABILITY
AB Excerpts from current research with people who have autism using online discussion groups are provided. Two major themes emerged that focus on "expert" knowledge of autism and identity. In contrast to the image of people with autism being unable to speak for themselves, our research on chat rooms has demonstrated that these individuals are finding a voice in an online environment, and the Internet may be a powerful tool in enabling this voice to be heard. The challenge that experiential knowledge poses to scientific knowledge is discussed in light of diagnosis, and the positive nature of an autism spectrum (AS) identity is highlighted as a common thread in discussions.
C1 London Metropolitan Univ, Dept Psychol, London E1 7NT, England.
Univ Brighton, Sch Appl Social Sci, Brighton BN1 9PH, E Sussex, England.
RP Brownlow, C (reprint author), London Metropolitan Univ, Dept Psychol, Old Castle St, London E1 7NT, England.
EM C.Brownlow@londonmet.ac.uk
CR Barnes C, 1996, EXPLORING DIVIDE ILL
Blume H., 1997, AUTISM INTERNET ITS
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NR 18
TC 22
Z9 22
PU AMER ASSOC MENTAL RETARDATION
PI WASHINGTON
PA 444 N CAPITOL ST, NW, STE 846, WASHINGTON, DC 20001-1512 USA
SN 0047-6765
J9 MENT RETARD
JI Ment. Retard.
PD OCT
PY 2006
VL 44
IS 5
BP 315
EP 321
DI 10.1352/0047-6765(2006)44[315:CAAIAV]2.0.CO;2
PG 7
WC Education, Special; Rehabilitation
SC Education & Educational Research; Rehabilitation
GA 092HA
UT WOS:000241086400001
PM 16970515
ER
PT J
AU Happe, F
Ronald, A
Plomin, R
AF Happe, Francesca
Ronald, Angelica
Plomin, Robert
TI Time to give up on a single explanation for autism
SO NATURE NEUROSCIENCE
LA English
DT Article
ID WEAK CENTRAL COHERENCE; GENETIC-HETEROGENEITY; SPECTRUM DISORDERS;
CHILDREN; PHENOTYPE; TRAITS; DYSFUNCTION; BEHAVIORS; TWIN; MIND
AB We argue that there will be no single ( genetic or cognitive) cause for the diverse symptoms defining autism. We present recent evidence of behavioral fractionation of social impairment, communication difficulties and rigid and repetitive behaviors. Twin data suggest largely nonoverlapping genes acting on each of these traits. At the cognitive level, too, attempts at a single explanation for the symptoms of autism have failed. Implications for research and treatment are discussed.
C1 Kings Coll London, Inst Psychiat, London SE5 8AF, England.
RP Happe, F (reprint author), Kings Coll London, Inst Psychiat, De Crispigny Pk, London SE5 8AF, England.
EM spjgarr@iop.kcl.ac.uk
RI Ronald, Angelica/C-7812-2009; Plomin, Robert/B-8911-2008
OI Ronald, Angelica/0000-0002-9576-2176;
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NR 39
TC 281
Z9 286
PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP
PI NEW YORK
PA 75 VARICK ST, 9TH FLR, NEW YORK, NY 10013-1917 USA
SN 1097-6256
J9 NAT NEUROSCI
JI Nat. Neurosci.
PD OCT
PY 2006
VL 9
IS 10
BP 1218
EP 1220
DI 10.1038/nn1770
PG 3
WC Neurosciences
SC Neurosciences & Neurology
GA 098BB
UT WOS:000241493900010
PM 17001340
ER
PT J
AU Belmonte, MK
Bourgeron, T
AF Belmonte, Matthew K.
Bourgeron, Thomas
TI Fragile X syndrome and autism at the intersection of genetic and neural
networks
SO NATURE NEUROSCIENCE
LA English
DT Article
ID MENTAL-RETARDATION PROTEIN; SEROTONIN TRANSPORTER; NEURODEVELOPMENTAL
DISORDERS; COMPULSIVE BEHAVIORS; SOCIAL-INTERACTION; NEUROLIGIN GENES;
MUTATIONS; BRAIN; SUSCEPTIBILITY; INDIVIDUALS
AB Autism, an entirely behavioral diagnosis with no largely understood etiologies and no population-wide biomarkers, contrasts with fragile X syndrome (FXS), a single-gene disorder with definite alterations of gene expression and neuronal morphology. Nevertheless, the behavioral overlap between autism and FXS suggests some overlapping mechanisms. Understanding how the single-gene alteration in FXS plays out within complex genetic and neural network processes may suggest targets for autism research and illustrate strategies for relating autism to more singular genetic syndromes.
C1 Cornell Univ, Dept Human Dev, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA.
Inst Pasteur, Lab Genet Humaine & Fonct Cognit, F-75015 Paris 15, France.
Univ Paris 07, F-75251 Paris 05, France.
RP Belmonte, MK (reprint author), Cornell Univ, Dept Human Dev, Martha Van Rensselaer Hall, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA.
EM belmonte@mit.edu
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NR 50
TC 128
Z9 134
PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP
PI NEW YORK
PA 75 VARICK STREET, 9TH FLOOR, NEW YORK, NY 10013-1917 USA
SN 1097-6256
J9 NAT NEUROSCI
JI Nat. Neurosci.
PD OCT
PY 2006
VL 9
IS 10
BP 1221
EP 1225
DI 10.1038/nn1765
PG 5
WC Neurosciences
SC Neurosciences & Neurology
GA 098BB
UT WOS:000241493900011
PM 17001341
ER
PT J
AU Marcus, G
Rabagliati, H
AF Marcus, Gary
Rabagliati, Hugh
TI What developmental disorders can tell us about the nature and origins of
language
SO NATURE NEUROSCIENCE
LA English
DT Article
ID FRAGILE-X-SYNDROME; WILLIAMS-SYNDROME; GENERALIST GENES; IMPAIRMENT;
SPEECH; EVOLUTION; FACULTY; AUTISM; EXPRESSION; PHENOTYPE
AB Few areas in the cognitive sciences evoke more controversy than language evolution, due in part to the difficulty in gathering relevant empirical data. The study of developmental disorders is well placed to provide important new clues, but has been hampered by a lack of consensus on the aims and interpretation of the research project. We suggest that the application of the Darwinian principle of 'descent with modification' can help to reconcile much apparently inconsistent data. We close by illustrating how systematic analyses within and between disorders, suitably informed by evolutionary theory -and ideally facilitated by the creation of an open-access database-could provide new insights into language evolution.
C1 NYU, Dept Psychol, New York, NY 10003 USA.
RP Marcus, G (reprint author), NYU, Dept Psychol, 6 Washington Pl, New York, NY 10003 USA.
EM gary.marcus@nyu.edu
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NR 50
TC 13
Z9 13
PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP
PI NEW YORK
PA 75 VARICK STREET, 9TH FLOOR, NEW YORK, NY 10013-1917 USA
SN 1097-6256
J9 NAT NEUROSCI
JI Nat. Neurosci.
PD OCT
PY 2006
VL 9
IS 10
BP 1226
EP 1229
DI 10.1038/nn1766
PG 4
WC Neurosciences
SC Neurosciences & Neurology
GA 098BB
UT WOS:000241493900012
PM 17001342
ER
PT J
AU Kim, S
Burette, A
Chung, HS
Kwon, SK
Woo, J
Lee, HW
Kim, K
Kim, H
Weinberg, RJ
Kim, E
AF Kim, Seho
Burette, Alain
Chung, Hye Sun
Kwon, Seok-Kyu
Woo, Jooyeon
Lee, Hyun Woo
Kim, Karam
Kim, Hyun
Weinberg, Richard J.
Kim, Eunjoon
TI NGL family PSD-95-interacting adhesion molecules regulate excitatory
synapse formation
SO NATURE NEUROSCIENCE
LA English
DT Article
ID CELL-ADHESION; INHIBITORY SYNAPSES; BETA-NEUREXINS; NEUROLIGIN; BINDING;
GENES; PSD-95; AUTISM; NETRIN-G1; EXPRESSION
AB Synaptic cell adhesion molecules (CAMs) regulate synapse formation through their trans-synaptic and heterophilic adhesion. Here we show that postsynaptic netrin-G ligand (NGL)CAMs associate with netrin-G CAMs in an isoform-specific manner and, through their cytosolic tail, with the abundant postsynaptic scaffold postsynaptic density-95 (PSD-95). Overexpression of NGL-2 in cultured rat neurons increased the number of PSD-95-positive dendritic protrusions. NGL-2 located on heterologous cells or beads induced functional presynaptic differentiation in contacting neurites. Direct aggregation of NGL-2 on the surface membrane of dendrites induced the clustering of excitatory postsynaptic proteins. Competitive inhibition by soluble NGL-2 reduced the number of excitatory synapses. NGL-2 knockdown reduced excitatory, but not inhibitory, synapse numbers and currents. These results suggest that NGL regulates the formation of excitatory synapses.
C1 Korea Adv Inst Sci & Technol, Natl Creat Res Initiat Ctr Synaptogenesis, Taejon 305701, South Korea.
Korea Adv Inst Sci & Technol, Dept Biol Sci, Taejon 305701, South Korea.
Univ N Carolina, Dept Cell & Dev Biol, Chapel Hill, NC 27599 USA.
Korea Univ, Dept Anat, Coll Med, Seoul 136705, South Korea.
Korea Univ, Div Brain Korea 21, Coll Med, Seoul 136705, South Korea.
Univ N Carolina, Ctr Neurosci, Chapel Hill, NC 27599 USA.
RP Kim, E (reprint author), Korea Adv Inst Sci & Technol, Natl Creat Res Initiat Ctr Synaptogenesis, Taejon 305701, South Korea.
EM kime@kaist.ac.kr
RI Kim, Eunjoon/C-1566-2011
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NR 50
TC 114
Z9 124
PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP
PI NEW YORK
PA 75 VARICK STREET, 9TH FLOOR, NEW YORK, NY 10013-1917 USA
SN 1097-6256
J9 NAT NEUROSCI
JI Nat. Neurosci.
PD OCT
PY 2006
VL 9
IS 10
BP 1294
EP 1301
DI 10.1038/nn1763
PG 8
WC Neurosciences
SC Neurosciences & Neurology
GA 098BB
UT WOS:000241493900023
PM 16980967
ER
PT J
AU Buxhoeveden, DP
Semendeferi, K
Buckwalter, J
Schenker, N
Switzer, R
Courchesne, E
AF Buxhoeveden, D. P.
Semendeferi, K.
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Schenker, N.
Switzer, R.
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TI Reduced minicolumns in the frontal cortex of patients with autism
SO NEUROPATHOLOGY AND APPLIED NEUROBIOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE autism; columns; frontal cortex
ID HUMAN AUDITORY-CORTEX; RADIAL CELL COLUMNS; SOMATOSENSORY CORTEX;
CEREBRAL-CORTEX; VISUAL-CORTEX; BRAIN; RAT; DISTRIBUTIONS; ORGANIZATION;
CONNECTIONS
AB Cell minicolumns were shown to be narrower in frontal regions in brains of autistic patients compared with controls. This was not found in primary visual cortex. Within the frontal cortex, dorsal and orbital regions displayed the greatest differences while the mesial region showed the least change. We also found that minicolumns in the brain of a 3-year-old autistic child were indistinguishable from those of the autistic adult in two of three frontal regions, in contrast to the control brains. This may have been due to the small size of the columns in the adult autistic brain rather than to an accelerated development. The presence of narrower minicolumns supports the theory that there is an abnormal increase in the number of ontogenetic column units produced in some regions of the autistic brain during corticoneurogenesis.
C1 Univ S Carolina, Hamilton Coll, Dept Anthropol, Columbia, SC 29803 USA.
Univ S Carolina, Dept Psychol, Columbia, SC 29208 USA.
Univ Calif San Diego, Dept Anthropol, San Diego, CA 92103 USA.
Univ Calif San Diego, Dept Neurosci, San Diego, CA 92103 USA.
Childrens Hosp, San Diego, CA USA.
RP Buxhoeveden, DP (reprint author), Univ S Carolina, Hamilton Coll, Dept Anthropol, Room 317,1512 Pendleton St, Columbia, SC 29803 USA.
EM buxhoevede@gwm.sc.edu
RI Schenker, Natalie/B-7470-2011
OI Schenker, Natalie/0000-0002-2651-1576
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PA 9600 GARSINGTON RD, OXFORD OX4 2DQ, OXON, ENGLAND
SN 0305-1846
J9 NEUROPATH APPL NEURO
JI Neuropathol. Appl. Neurobiol.
PD OCT
PY 2006
VL 32
IS 5
BP 483
EP 491
DI 10.1111/j.1365-2990.2006.00745.x
PG 9
WC Clinical Neurology; Neurosciences; Pathology
SC Neurosciences & Neurology; Pathology
GA 084WI
UT WOS:000240564700003
PM 16972882
ER
PT J
AU Waimey, KE
Cheng, HJ
AF Waimey, Kathryn E.
Cheng, Hwai-Jong
TI Axon pruning and synaptic development: How are they per-plexin?
SO NEUROSCIENTIST
LA English
DT Review
DE plexin; pruning; synapse; semaphorin; development; human diseases
ID GROWTH CONE COLLAPSE; CHEMOREPELLENT SEMAPHORIN-III; SECRETED
SEMAPHORINS; STATUS EPILEPTICUS; TYROSINE KINASE; GENE-EXPRESSION;
RAT-BRAIN; OFF-TRACK; RECEPTOR; AUTISM
AB During the development of the nervous system, neurons must first migrate to their appropriate locations and then send out axons to make connections. Various environmental cues guide these migrating neurons and growing axons. After axons reach their target regions, neuronal contacts are created through the formation of synapses. Because excess axonal branches and synaptic contacts are often formed during early development, they are pruned or eliminated at later stages to create specific neuronal connections. Several groups of ligand-receptor pairs have been identified to regulate each of these cellular events. Evidence also indicates that these same molecules may be used in multiple developmental processes. Here, we discuss semaphorins and plexins, the largest family of axon guidance ligand-receptor pairs. Because the roles of semaphorins in neuronal migration and axonal repulsion have been extensively reviewed, we will focus on plexin receptors. We will discuss how semaphorin signals are specifically passed through these receptors into cells and how plexins mediate their newly identified roles in axon pruning and synaptic development.
C1 Univ Calif Davis, Ctr Neurosci, Davis, CA 95618 USA.
RP Cheng, HJ (reprint author), Univ Calif Davis, Ctr Neurosci, 1544 Newton, Davis, CA 95618 USA.
EM hjcheng@ucdavis.edu
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NR 88
TC 28
Z9 28
PU SAGE PUBLICATIONS INC
PI THOUSAND OAKS
PA 2455 TELLER RD, THOUSAND OAKS, CA 91320 USA
SN 1073-8584
J9 NEUROSCIENTIST
JI Neuroscientist
PD OCT
PY 2006
VL 12
IS 5
BP 398
EP 409
DI 10.1177/1073858406292631
PG 12
WC Clinical Neurology; Neurosciences
SC Neurosciences & Neurology
GA 086ND
UT WOS:000240679400012
PM 16957002
ER
PT J
AU Casanova, MF
AF Casanova, Manuel F.
TI Neuropathological and genetic findings in autism: The significance of a
putative mini columnopathy
SO NEUROSCIENTIST
LA English
DT Review
DE autistic disorder/pathology; child development disorders; pervasive;
neocortex; neuropil; pyramidal cells
ID MATTER VOLUME INCREASE; HUMAN AUDITORY-CORTEX; CEREBRAL-CORTEX;
VISUAL-CORTEX; TUBEROUS SCLEROSIS; HEAD CIRCUMFERENCE;
BRAIN-DEVELOPMENT; INFANTILE-AUTISM; MYELINATED AXONS; FRONTAL-CORTEX
AB Autism is a condition manifested as abnormalities of relatedness, communication, range of interests, and repetitive behaviors. Despite alarming prevalence estimates and exhortations to research, little is known regarding its pathophysiology. Recent reports of a putative minicolumnopathy explain changes in brain size, gray/white matter ratios, and interareal connectivity. This article summarizes possible links between mini-columns and other topics-cortical modularity, age of onset, gliosis, and genetics-relevant to the pathophysiology of autism.
C1 Univ Louisville, Dept Psychiat & Behav Sci, Louisville, KY 40292 USA.
RP Casanova, MF (reprint author), Univ Louisville, Dept Psychiat & Behav Sci, 500 S Preston St,Bldg A,Room 217, Louisville, KY 40292 USA.
EM m0casa02@louisville.edu
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NR 82
TC 35
Z9 36
PU SAGE PUBLICATIONS INC
PI THOUSAND OAKS
PA 2455 TELLER RD, THOUSAND OAKS, CA 91320 USA
SN 1073-8584
J9 NEUROSCIENTIST
JI Neuroscientist
PD OCT
PY 2006
VL 12
IS 5
BP 435
EP 441
DI 10.1177/1073858406290375
PG 7
WC Clinical Neurology; Neurosciences
SC Neurosciences & Neurology
GA 086ND
UT WOS:000240679400015
PM 16957005
ER
PT J
AU Szechtman, H
Woody, EZ
AF Szechtman, Henry
Woody, Erik Z.
TI Obsessive-compulsive disorder as a disturbance of security motivation:
Constraints on comorbidity
SO NEUROTOXICITY RESEARCH
LA English
DT Article; Proceedings Paper
CT Meeting of the Fundacion-Cerebro-and-Mente
CY 2005
CL SPAIN
SP Fund Cerebro Mente
DE anxiety disorders; negative feedback; security motivation; yedasentience
ID AFFECTIVE NEUROSCIENCE; ANTIPREDATOR BEHAVIOR; POLYVAGAL THEORY;
COGNITIVE THEORY; ANXIETY; AUTISM; FEAR; PERSPECTIVES; ORGANIZATION;
STIMULATION
AB Patients with OCD often meet criteria for additional psychiatric disorders, with the incidence of comorbidity being as high as 75% in some studies. Here we examine the theoretical plausibility that in OCD much of the domain of co-morbid presentations encompasses related perturbations of the security motivation system. According to a recent proposal, the security motivation system represents a biologically primitive special motivation that is activated by potential (as opposed to imminent) danger to self or intimate others and engages a set of specialized species-typical behaviors (such as checking and washing) to handle potential danger. Because the task of security motivation is open ended, in the sense that no consummatory stimuli can exist in the real world to indicate the absence of potential danger, the shutdown of security motivation is produced by a self-generated feeling of knowing, a satiety signal termed yedasentience. In this schema, OCD results from a failure to generate or respond to the yedasentience signal: without this negative feedback the patient persists abnormally long in a strong motivational state having to do with primal, basic threats to existence, a condition that leads to prolonged engagement in security-related behaviors, such as the checking and washing, characteristic of OCD compulsions and obsessions. Considering the proposed neuroanatomy of security motivation system and OCD, we discuss the likelihood that the phenomenon of "spread of allied reflexes" can produce other security-related psychiatric conditions, as well as the possibility that disturbances along different pathways of the security motivation system can lead to apparently different disorders.
C1 McMaster Univ, Dept Psychiat & Behav Neurosci, Hamilton, ON L8N 3Z5, Canada.
Univ Waterloo, Dept Psychol, Waterloo, ON N2L 3G1, Canada.
RP Szechtman, H (reprint author), McMaster Univ, Dept Psychiat & Behav Neurosci, Hamilton, ON L8N 3Z5, Canada.
EM szechtma@mcmaster.ca
RI Szechtman, Henry/A-4706-2009
OI Szechtman, Henry/0000-0003-3986-4482
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NR 74
TC 10
Z9 11
PU F P GRAHAM PUBLISHING CO
PI MOUNTAIN HOME
PA PO BOX 370, MOUNTAIN HOME, TN 37684 USA
SN 1029-8428
J9 NEUROTOX RES
JI Neurotox. Res.
PD OCT
PY 2006
VL 10
IS 2
BP 103
EP 112
PG 10
WC Neurosciences
SC Neurosciences & Neurology
GA 104XM
UT WOS:000241993900004
PM 17062372
ER
PT J
AU D'Souza, Y
Fombonne, E
Ward, BJ
AF D'Souza, Yasmin
Fombonne, Eric
Ward, Brian J.
TI No evidence of persisting measles virus in peripheral blood mononuclear
cells from children with autism spectrum disorder
SO PEDIATRICS
LA English
DT Article
DE measles; MMR; autism; autistic spectrum disorder; real-time PCR
ID SUBACUTE SCLEROSING PANENCEPHALITIS; INFLAMMATORY-BOWEL-DISEASE;
POLYMERASE CHAIN-REACTION; PERVASIVE DEVELOPMENTAL DISORDERS; IMMUNOGOLD
ELECTRON-MICROSCOPY; LYMPHOID-NODULAR HYPERPLASIA; MUMPS-RUBELLA
VACCINATION; CROHNS-DISEASE; EPIDEMIOLOGIC EVIDENCE; CAUSAL ASSOCIATION
AB OBJECTIVES. Despite epidemiologic evidence to the contrary, claims of an association between measles-mumps-rubella vaccination and the development of autism have persisted. Such claims are based primarily on the identification of measles virus nucleic acids in tissues and body fluids by polymerase chain reaction. We sought to determine whether measles virus nucleic acids persist in children with autism spectrum disorder compared with control children.
PATIENTS AND METHODS. Peripheral blood mononuclear cells were isolated from 54 children with autism spectrum disorder and 34 developmentally normal children, and up to 4 real-time polymerase chain reaction assays and 2 nested polymerase chain reaction assays were performed. These assays targeted the nucleoprotein, fusion, and hemagglutinin genes of measles virus using previously published primer pairs with detection by SYBR green I. Our own real-time assay targeted the fusion gene using novel primers and an internal fluorescent probe. Positive reactions were evaluated rigorously, and amplicons were sequenced. Finally, antimeasles antibody titers were measured by enzyme immunoassay.
RESULTS. The real-time assays based on previously published primers gave rise to a large number of positive reactions in both autism spectrum disorder and control samples. Almost all of the positive reactions in these assays were eliminated by evaluation of melting curves and amplicon band size. The amplicons for the remaining positive reactions were cloned and sequenced. No sample from either autism spectrum disorder or control groups was found to contain nucleic acids from any measles virus gene. In the nested polymerase chain reaction and in-house assays, none of the samples yielded positive results. Furthermore, there was no difference in anti-measles antibody titers between the autism and control groups.
INTERPRETATION. There is no evidence of measles virus persistence in the peripheral blood mononuclear cells of children with autism spectrum disorder.
C1 McGill Univ, Montreal Gen Hosp, Dept Psychiat, Montreal, PQ H3G 1A4, Canada.
McGill Univ, Ctr Hlth, Div Infect Dis, Montreal, PQ, Canada.
RP Ward, BJ (reprint author), McGill Univ, Montreal Gen Hosp, Dept Psychiat, 1650 Cedar Ave,Rom D7-153, Montreal, PQ H3G 1A4, Canada.
EM brian.ward@mcgill.ca
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TC 34
Z9 34
PU AMER ACAD PEDIATRICS
PI ELK GROVE VILLAGE
PA 141 NORTH-WEST POINT BLVD,, ELK GROVE VILLAGE, IL 60007-1098 USA
SN 0031-4005
J9 PEDIATRICS
JI Pediatrics
PD OCT
PY 2006
VL 118
IS 4
BP 1664
EP 1675
DI 10.1542/peds.2006-1262
PG 12
WC Pediatrics
SC Pediatrics
GA 090NZ
UT WOS:000240959300041
PM 17015560
ER
PT J
AU Katz, SL
AF Katz, Samuel L.
TI Has the measles-mumps-rubella vaccine been fully exonerated?
SO PEDIATRICS
LA English
DT Editorial Material
ID CHILDREN; VIRUS; ELIMINATION; AUTISM
C1 Duke Univ, Med Ctr, Div Pediat Infect Dis, Durham, NC 27710 USA.
RP Katz, SL (reprint author), Duke Univ, Med Ctr, Div Pediat Infect Dis, Box 2925, Durham, NC 27710 USA.
EM katz0004@mc.duke.edu
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NR 14
TC 7
Z9 8
PU AMER ACAD PEDIATRICS
PI ELK GROVE VILLAGE
PA 141 NORTH-WEST POINT BLVD,, ELK GROVE VILLAGE, IL 60007-1098 USA
SN 0031-4005
J9 PEDIATRICS
JI Pediatrics
PD OCT
PY 2006
VL 118
IS 4
BP 1744
EP 1745
DI 10.1542/ped.2006-2252
PG 2
WC Pediatrics
SC Pediatrics
GA 090NZ
UT WOS:000240959300050
PM 17015569
ER
PT J
AU Croen, LA
Najjar, DV
Ray, GT
Lotspeich, L
Bernal, P
AF Croen, Lisa A.
Najjar, Daniel V.
Ray, G. Thomas
Lotspeich, Linda
Bernal, Pilar
TI A comparison of health care utilization and costs of children with and
without autism spectrum disorders in a large group-model health plan
SO PEDIATRICS
LA English
DT Article
DE medical costs; ASD; autism; pervasive; developmental disorder
ID PERVASIVE DEVELOPMENTAL DISORDERS; PSYCHOPHARMACOLOGY; EXPENDITURES;
POPULATION; PREVALENCE; CALIFORNIA; ANXIETY; UPDATE
AB OBJECTIVE. Data on the current costs of medical services for children with autism spectrum disorders are lacking. Our purpose for this study was to compare health care utilization and costs of children with and without autism spectrum disorders in the same health plan.
PATIENTS AND METHODS. Participants included all 2- to 18-year-old children with autism spectrum disorders (n = 3053) and a random sample of children without autism spectrum disorders (n = 30 529) who were continuously enrolled in the Kaiser Permanente Medical Care Program in northern California between July 1, 2003, and June 30, 2004. Data on health care utilization and costs were derived from health plan administrative databases.
MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES. Outcome measures included mean annual utilization and costs of health services per child.
RESULTS. Children with autism spectrum disorders had a higher annual mean number of total clinic (5.6 vs 2.8), pediatric (2.3 vs 1.6), and psychiatric (2.2 vs 0.3) outpatient visits. A higher percentage of children with autism spectrum disorders experienced inpatient (3% vs 1%) and outpatient (5% vs 2%) hospitalizations. Children with autism spectrum disorders were nearly 9 times more likely to use psychotherapeutic medications and twice as likely to use gastrointestinal agents than children without autism spectrum disorders. Mean annual member costs for hospitalizations ($550 vs $208), clinic visits ($ 1373 vs $540), and prescription medications ($724 vs $96) were more than double for children with autism spectrum disorders compared with children without autism spectrum disorders. The mean annual age- and gender-adjusted total cost per member was more than threefold higher for children with autism spectrum disorders ($2757 vs $892). Among the subgroup of children with other psychiatric conditions, total mean annual costs were 45% higher for children with autism spectrum disorders compared with children without autism spectrum disorders; excess costs were largely explained by the increased use of psychotherapeutic medications.
CONCLUSIONS. The utilization and costs of health care are substantially higher for children with autism spectrum disorders compared with children without autism spectrum disorders. Research is needed to evaluate the impact of improvements in the management of children with autism spectrum disorders on health care utilization and costs.
C1 Kaiser Permanente, Div Res, Kaiser Fdn Res Inst, Oakland, CA 94612 USA.
Kaiser Permanente Santa Teresa Med Ctr, Dept Psychiat, San Jose, CA USA.
RP Croen, LA (reprint author), Kaiser Permanente, Div Res, Kaiser Fdn Res Inst, 2000 Broadway, Oakland, CA 94612 USA.
EM lisa.a.croen@kp.org
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NR 26
TC 59
Z9 59
PU AMER ACAD PEDIATRICS
PI ELK GROVE VILLAGE
PA 141 NORTH-WEST POINT BLVD,, ELK GROVE VILLAGE, IL 60007-1098 USA
SN 0031-4005
J9 PEDIATRICS
JI Pediatrics
PD OCT
PY 2006
VL 118
IS 4
BP E1203
EP E1211
DI 10.1542/peds.2006-0127
PG 9
WC Pediatrics
SC Pediatrics
GA 090NZ
UT WOS:000240959300105
PM 17015508
ER
PT J
AU Wakabayashi, A
Baron-Cohen, S
Wheelwright, S
AF Wakabayashi, Akio
Baron-Cohen, Simon
Wheelwright, Sally
TI Are autistic traits an independent personality dimension? A study of the
Autism-Spectrum Quotient (AQ) and the NEO-PI-R
SO PERSONALITY AND INDIVIDUAL DIFFERENCES
LA English
DT Article
DE Autism-Spectrum Quotient; Big Five model; the NEO-PI-R; autistic traits
AB This study examines the relation between autistic traits and the personality dimensions of the Big Five model in a sample of 320 university students. We administered the Autism-Spectrum Questionnaire (AQ) and the NEO-PI-R. Results showed the AQ correlated with Extraversion and Conscientiousness negatively, and Neuroticism positively. Results of multiple regression analyses suggested the NEO-PI-R did not predict AQ score. Joint factor analyses also suggested autistic traits are independent of the big five personality dimensions. High AQ scorers, who are an analogue model of autism spectrum conditions, showed a profile of high Neuroticism, low Extraversion and low Conscientiousness. Results are discussed in terms of autistic traits representing a sixth factor of personality. (c) 2006 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
C1 Chiba Univ, Dept Psychol, Chiba 2638522, Japan.
Univ Cambridge, Autism Res Ctr, Dept Psychiat, Cambridge CB2 2AH, England.
RP Wakabayashi, A (reprint author), Chiba Univ, Dept Psychol, 1-33 Yayoi Cho, Chiba 2638522, Japan.
EM akiowcam@mac.com
CR ALVAREZ A, 1999, AUTISM PERSONALITY F
American Psychiatric Association, 1994, DIAGN STAT MAN MENT, V4th
Austin EJ, 2005, PERS INDIV DIFFER, V38, P451, DOI 10.1016/j.paid.2004.04.022
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PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND
SN 0191-8869
J9 PERS INDIV DIFFER
JI Pers. Individ. Differ.
PD OCT
PY 2006
VL 41
IS 5
BP 873
EP 883
DI 10.1016/j.paid.2006.04.003
PG 11
WC Psychology, Social
SC Psychology
GA 087OI
UT WOS:000240751300008
ER
PT J
AU Wakabayashi, A
Baron-Cohen, S
Wheelwright, S
Goldenfeld, N
Delaney, J
Fine, D
Smith, R
Weil, L
AF Wakabayashi, Akio
Baron-Cohen, Simon
Wheelwright, Sally
Goldenfeld, Nigel
Delaney, Joe
Fine, Debra
Smith, Richard
Weil, Leonora
TI Development of short forms of the Empathy Quotient (EQ-Short) and the
Systemizing Quotient (SQ-Short)
SO PERSONALITY AND INDIVIDUAL DIFFERENCES
LA English
DT Article
DE empathizing; systemizing; E-S theory; EQ-Short; SQ-Short; cognitive
style
ID SEX-DIFFERENCES; FUNCTIONING AUTISM; ASPERGER-SYNDROME; ADULTS
AB The empathizing-systemizing (E-S) theory has been tested using the Empathy Quotient (EQ) and the Systemizing Quotient (SQ). The present study tested n = 1761 students with these instruments, to determine if short versions of these scales could be constructed. This would be desirable both for faster assessment and to establish which are the key items on each scale. Principal component analysis and factor analysis suggested that a 22-item version of the EQ (EQ-Short) and a 25-item version of the SQ (SQ-Short) were highly correlated with the full scale versions. The reliability of each short scale was reasonable. Results showed that females scored significantly higher than males on the EQ-Short, whilst males scored higher than females on the SQ-Short. Additionally, scores were analyzed according to the degree the student was studying. On the EQ-Short, students studying humanities scored higher than students studying sciences, whereas on the SQ-Short, the results were the opposite. Finally, distributions of the population who showed 'brain types' based on the scores on two scales were examined. The pattern of distribution of the brain types was consistent with the E-S theory. These results suggest that the EQ-Short and SQ-Short are useful instruments for measuring fundamental cognitive styles. (c) 2006 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
C1 Chiba Univ, Dept Psychol, Chiba 2638522, Japan.
Univ Cambridge, Autism Res Ctr, Dept Psychiat, Cambridge CB2 2AH, England.
Univ Illinois, Dept Phys, Urbana, IL 61801 USA.
RP Wakabayashi, A (reprint author), Chiba Univ, Dept Psychol, 1-33 Yayoi Cho, Chiba 2638522, Japan.
EM akiowcam@mac.com
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NR 15
TC 62
Z9 64
PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND
SN 0191-8869
J9 PERS INDIV DIFFER
JI Pers. Individ. Differ.
PD OCT
PY 2006
VL 41
IS 5
BP 929
EP 940
DI 10.1016/j.paid.2006.03.017
PG 12
WC Psychology, Social
SC Psychology
GA 087OI
UT WOS:000240751300013
ER
PT J
AU Cholbi, M
AF Cholbi, Michael
TI Moral belief attribution: A reply to Roskies
SO PHILOSOPHICAL PSYCHOLOGY
LA English
DT Editorial Material
DE Donald Davidson; emotion; moral belief; moral motivation; motive
internalism; theory of mind
ID ASPERGER-SYNDROME; AUTISM; BRAIN; PSYCHOLOGY; CHILDREN; EMPATHY
AB I here defend my earlier doubts that VM patients serve as counterexamples to motivational internalism by highlighting the difficulties of belief attribution in light of holism about the mental and by suggesting that a better understanding of the role of emotions in the self- attribution of moral belief places my earlier Davidsonian "theory of mind'' argument in a clearer light.
C1 Calif State Polytech Univ Pomona, Dept Philosophy, Pomona, CA 91768 USA.
RP Cholbi, M (reprint author), Calif State Polytech Univ Pomona, Dept Philosophy, 3801 W Temple Ave, Pomona, CA 91768 USA.
EM mjcholbi@csupomona.edu
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NR 29
TC 1
Z9 1
PU ROUTLEDGE JOURNALS, TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD
PI ABINGDON
PA 4 PARK SQUARE, MILTON PARK, ABINGDON OX14 4RN, OXFORDSHIRE, ENGLAND
SN 0951-5089
J9 PHILOS PSYCHOL
JI Philos. Psychol.
PD OCT
PY 2006
VL 19
IS 5
BP 629
EP 638
DI 10.1080/09515080600901954
PG 10
WC Ethics; Psychology, Multidisciplinary
SC Social Sciences - Other Topics; Psychology
GA 085DR
UT WOS:000240584000005
ER
PT J
AU Bouma, HK
AF Bouma, Hanni K.
TI Radical interpretation and high-functioning autistic speakers: a Defense
of Davidson on thought and language
SO PHILOSOPHICAL PSYCHOLOGY
LA English
DT Editorial Material
DE Donald Davidson; radical interpretation; theory of mind; thought
ID FALSE BELIEF; MIND; CHILDREN; INTENTION; DEFICIT
AB Donald Davidson argues in "Thought and Talk'' that all speakers must be interpreters of other speakers: linguistic competence requires the possession of intentional concepts and the ability to attribute intentional states to other people. Kristin Andrews ( in Philosophical Psychology, 15) has argued that empirical evidence about autism undermines this theoretical claim, for some individuals with autism lack the requisite "theory of mind'' skills to be able to interpret, yet are competent speakers. In this paper, Davidson is defended on the grounds that the high- functioning autistic individuals in question have a more robust theory of mind than has been acknowledged, and that this is sufficient for them to be interpreters of other speakers. It is argued, further, that Davidson's theory would remain intact even if one or more autistic speakers lacking a theory of mind were to exist, as he makes conceptual claims about thought and language that are not vulnerable to empirical counterexamples.
C1 Mem Univ Newfoundland, Sch Med, St John, NF A1C 5S7, Canada.
RP Bouma, HK (reprint author), 56 Belvedere St, St John, NF A1C 3Y2, Canada.
EM hannibouma@hotmail.com
CR Andrews K, 2002, PHILOS PSYCHOL, V15, P317, DOI 10.1080/09515080210000061111
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NR 43
TC 2
Z9 2
PU ROUTLEDGE JOURNALS, TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD
PI ABINGDON
PA 4 PARK SQUARE, MILTON PARK, ABINGDON OX14 4RN, OXFORDSHIRE, ENGLAND
SN 0951-5089
J9 PHILOS PSYCHOL
JI Philos. Psychol.
PD OCT
PY 2006
VL 19
IS 5
BP 639
EP 662
DI 10.1080/09515080600904370
PG 24
WC Ethics; Psychology, Multidisciplinary
SC Social Sciences - Other Topics; Psychology
GA 085DR
UT WOS:000240584000006
ER
PT J
AU Andrews, K
Radenovic, L
AF Andrews, Kristin
Radenovic, Ljiljana
TI Speaking without interpreting: a reply to Bouma on autism and
Davidsonian interpretation
SO PHILOSOPHICAL PSYCHOLOGY
LA English
DT Editorial Material
DE autism; belief; Donald Davidson; interpretation; joint attention; theory
of mind; triangulation
ID TEACHING THEORY; MIND; CHILDREN; BEHAVIOR; LANGUAGE; ABILITY
AB We clarify some points previously made by Andrews, and defend the claim that Davidson's account of belief can be and is challenged by the existence of some people with autism. We argue that both Bouma and Andrews ( Philosophical Psychology, 15) blurred the subtle distinctions between the psychological concepts of theory of mind and joint attention and the Davidsonian concepts of interpretation and triangulation. And we accept that appeal to control group studies is not the appropriate place to look for an individual who can speak but who has significant problems with interpretation. In this paper we argue that by turning to the clinical literature we can more readily find such a challenge to Davidson's account.
C1 York Univ, Dept Philosophy, N York, ON M3J 1P3, Canada.
RP Andrews, K (reprint author), York Univ, Dept Philosophy, 4700 Keele St, N York, ON M3J 1P3, Canada.
EM andrewsk@yorku.ca
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NR 36
TC 4
Z9 4
PU ROUTLEDGE JOURNALS, TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD
PI ABINGDON
PA 4 PARK SQUARE, MILTON PARK, ABINGDON OX14 4RN, OXFORDSHIRE, ENGLAND
SN 0951-5089
J9 PHILOS PSYCHOL
JI Philos. Psychol.
PD OCT
PY 2006
VL 19
IS 5
BP 663
EP 678
DI 10.1080/09515080600904404
PG 16
WC Ethics; Psychology, Multidisciplinary
SC Social Sciences - Other Topics; Psychology
GA 085DR
UT WOS:000240584000007
ER
PT J
AU Bouma, HK
AF Bouma, Hanni K.
TI High-functioning autistic speakers as Davidsonian interpreters: a reply
to Andrews and Radenovic
SO PHILOSOPHICAL PSYCHOLOGY
LA English
DT Editorial Material
DE autism; Donald Davidson; language; radical interpretation; theory of
mind; thought
AB In this paper, I provide further support for my earlier claim that the existence of high-functioning autistic speakers does not undermine Davidson's theory of radical interpretation. Andrews and Radenovic, in criticizing my arguments for this position, have presented fresh evidence from the clinical literature on autism for the existence of an individual who speaks but does not interpret, and maintain that the existence of such an individual seriously challenges Davidson's theory. I counter this claim by showing that the evidence they point to in fact better supports the conclusion that this autistic speaker, and others like him, are Davidsonian interpreters.
C1 Mem Univ Newfoundland, Sch Med, St John, NF A1C 5S7, Canada.
RP Bouma, HK (reprint author), 56 Belvedere St, St John, NF A1C 3Y2, Canada.
EM hannibouma@hotmail.com
CR Andrews K, 2006, PHILOS PSYCHOL, V19, P663, DOI 10.1080/09515080600904404
Baron-Cohen Simon, 1995, MINDBLINDNESS ESSAY
Bouma HK, 2006, PHILOS PSYCHOL, V19, P639, DOI 10.1080/09515080600904370
Davidson D., 2001, INQUIRIES TRUTH INTE, P141
Davidson Donald, 2001, INQUIRIES TRUTH INTE, P155
Davies N M, 2001, Expert Opin Pharmacother, V2, P139, DOI 10.1517/14656566.2.1.139
Gluer K, 2003, MIND LANG, V18, P23, DOI 10.1111/1468-0017.00213
MACASKILL E, 2005, GUARDIAN 1007
NR 8
TC 1
Z9 1
PU ROUTLEDGE JOURNALS, TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD
PI ABINGDON
PA 4 PARK SQUARE, MILTON PARK, ABINGDON OX14 4RN, OXFORDSHIRE, ENGLAND
SN 0951-5089
J9 PHILOS PSYCHOL
JI Philos. Psychol.
PD OCT
PY 2006
VL 19
IS 5
BP 679
EP 690
DI 10.1080/09515080600904412
PG 12
WC Ethics; Psychology, Multidisciplinary
SC Social Sciences - Other Topics; Psychology
GA 085DR
UT WOS:000240584000008
ER
PT J
AU Herrera, G
Jordan, R
Vera, L
AF Herrera, Gerardo
Jordan, Rita
Vera, Lucia
TI Agency and presence: A common dependence on subjectivity?
SO PRESENCE-TELEOPERATORS AND VIRTUAL ENVIRONMENTS
LA English
DT Article; Proceedings Paper
CT 8th Annual International Workshop on Presence
CY SEP 21-23, 2005
CL London, ENGLAND
HO Univ Coll London
ID AUTISTIC SPECTRUM DISORDERS; VIRTUAL-REALITY; IMITATION; CHILDREN; PLAY;
TOOL
AB This paper argues that presence, as shown in virtual environments, can usefully be seen as comprising various subtypes and that these in turn may have common conceptual and ontological features with a sense of agency as defined by Russell ( 1996, Agency: Its Role in Mental Development, Erlbaum.). Furthermore, an analysis of Russell's characterization of the concept of agency may be useful for acquiring insight into the sense of presence itself and the variables affecting it. Empirical evidence from cognitive developmental research and the positive results of attempts to develop symbolic understanding in people with autism spectrum disorders (ASD) in virtual environments suggest that presence may be more about experiencing agency than either pretending to be there or constructing and reconstructing mental models in real time. This analysis is used to shed some light on the current issues of presence research and to open up new philosophical and psychological aspects, in relation to both presence and ASD.
C1 Univ Valencia, Inst Robot, Autism & Learning Difficulties Grp, Valencia, Spain.
Univ Birmingham, Sch Educ, Autism Team, Birmingham B15 2TT, W Midlands, England.
RP Herrera, G (reprint author), Univ Valencia, Inst Robot, Autism & Learning Difficulties Grp, Valencia, Spain.
EM Gerardo.Herrera@uv.es
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NR 66
TC 7
Z9 7
PU M I T PRESS
PI CAMBRIDGE
PA 238 MAIN STREET, STE 500, CAMBRIDGE, MA 02142-1046 USA
SN 1054-7460
J9 PRESENCE-TELEOP VIRT
JI Presence-Teleoper. Virtual Env.
PD OCT
PY 2006
VL 15
IS 5
BP 539
EP 552
DI 10.1162/pres.15.5.539
PG 14
WC Computer Science, Cybernetics; Computer Science, Software Engineering
SC Computer Science
GA 109XB
UT WOS:000242341800006
ER
PT J
AU Kumar, S
Kim, YS
Oh, KS
AF Kumar, Surender
Kim, Yong Seob
Oh, Kun Seok
TI Development of a social interaction questionnaire for the trainers and
mothers of children with disabilities participating in Dousa-hou
(Japanese psycho-rehabilitation) camps
SO PSYCHOLOGICAL REPORTS
LA English
DT Article
AB A 12-item Social Interaction Questionnaire was developed to measure the social interactions among trainers and mothers of children with disabilities in Dousa-hou camps. Dousa-hou is a Japanese psychological rehabilitation method which is widely used for children with mental retardation, cerebral palsy, and autism in Japan and other Asian countries. The primary focus of the rehabilitation method is to improve bodily movements, posture, and social support to patients and their first-degree relatives as well as promoting social interaction among participants. Two factors of interaction, (1) educational and daily life matters and (2) health and care matters, emerged through factor analysis. Cronbach coefficient alpha of the questionnaire was .91. The back-translated version of the Social Interaction Questionnaire also yielded two factors and Cronbach coefficient alpha of .87. It was found that mothers or first degree relatives (N = 13 8; M = 43.5 yr., SD = 12.3) of the patients reported more social interaction than trainers when interacting with their child's trainer, supervisor, other trainers, and other mothers during six-day Dousa-hou camps.
C1 Chikushi Womens Univ, Dept Preschool Educ, Dazaifu, Fukuoka 8180192, Japan.
Chosun Univ, Div Publ Adm & Social Welf, Coll Social Sci, Seoul, South Korea.
Dept Hosp Informat Management, Kwangju Hlth Coll, Kwangju, South Korea.
RP Kumar, S (reprint author), Chikushi Womens Univ, Dept Preschool Educ, Ishizaka 2-12-1, Dazaifu, Fukuoka 8180192, Japan.
EM kumar@chikushi-u.ac.jp
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Z9 0
PU PSYCHOLOGICAL REPORTS
PI MISSOULA
PA P O BOX 9229, MISSOULA, MT 59807 USA
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J9 PSYCHOL REP
JI Psychol. Rep.
PD OCT
PY 2006
VL 99
IS 2
BP 591
EP 598
DI 10.2466/PR0.99.2.591-598
PG 8
WC Psychology, Multidisciplinary
SC Psychology
GA 107UZ
UT WOS:000242197800034
PM 17153831
ER
PT J
AU Fuentes-Biggi, J
Ferrari-Arroyo, MJ
Boada-Munoz, L
Tourino-Aguilera, E
Artigas-Pallares, J
Belinchon-Carmona, M
Munoz-Yunta, JA
Hervas-Zuniga, A
Canal-Bedia, R
Hernandez, JM
Diez-Cuervo, A
Idiazabal-Aletxa, MA
Mulas, E
Palacios, S
Tamarit, J
Martos-Perez, J
Posada-De La Paz, M
AF Fuentes-Biggi, J.
Ferrari-Arroyo, M. J.
Boada-Munoz, L.
Tourino-Aguilera, E.
Artigas-Pallares, J.
Belinchon-Carmona, M.
Munoz-Yunta, J. A.
Hervas-Zuniga, A.
Canal-Bedia, R.
Hernandez, J. M.
Diez-Cuervo, A.
Idiazabal-Aletxa, M. A.
Mulas, E.
Palacios, S.
Tamarit, J.
Martos-Perez, J.
Posada-De la Paz, M.
CA Grp Estudios Trastornos Espectro
TI Good practice guidelines for the treatment of autistic spectrum
disorders
SO REVISTA DE NEUROLOGIA
LA English
DT Review
DE Asperger disorder; autism spectrum disorders; autistic disorder;
evidence; practice guidelines; recommendations; services; support;
treatment
ID PERVASIVE DEVELOPMENTAL DISORDERS; ATYPICAL ANTIPSYCHOTICS;
DOUBLE-BLIND; CHILDREN; INTERVENTIONS; VITAMIN-B6; DIAGNOSIS; CROSSOVER;
EFFICACY; OUTCOMES
AB Introduction. Due to the inexistence of an aetiology-based intervention for autistic spectrum disorders (ASD) families and professionals are exposed to diverse and sometimes conflictive recommendations when they have to decide the most adequate alternative for treatment. Aim. To elaborate treatment guidelines agreed by consensus at the ASD Study Group of the (National) Institute of Health Carlos III. Development. Information about treatment of ASD was searched and gathered through available evidence based medical (EBM) databases. The data generated was complemented with practice parameters published elsewhere, reports from prestigious international institutions, focus oriented searches in PubMed and, finally, the opinion and experience of a multidisciplinary Study Group with extensive experience in treating ASD in Spain. Most popular treatment methods were reviewed as well as the common elements to be considered in successful support programs. Conclusion. No simple treatment algorithm can be produced at this time, and the level of available evidence based recommendations are in the weaker degrees of EBM classifications. Nevertheless, there is widespread agreement to stress that education, with special incidence in the development of communication and social competence, with the addition of community support are the main means of treatment. They can be complemented, depending on individual needs, with medication, behavioural approaches and cognitive-behavioural therapy for associated psychological problems in persons with higher cognitive level. Support to families and community empowerment are essential elements for the quality of life of persons with ASD.
C1 Inst Salud Carlos III, IIER, Unidad Sindrome Aceito Tox, E-28029 Madrid, Spain.
Policlin Gipuzkoa, Serv Psiquiatria Infanto Juvenil, San Sebastian, Spain.
GAUTENA, San Sebastian, Spain.
Hosp Sabadell, Corp Sanit Parc Tauli, Unidad Neuropediat, Barcelona, Spain.
Univ Autonoma Madrid, Dept Psicol Basica, Fac Psicol, Madrid, Spain.
Univ Autonoma Madrid, Ctr Psicol Aplicada, Madrid, Spain.
Hosp del Mar, Secc Neuropediat, Barcelona, Spain.
Ctr Neuropsicobiol, Barcelona, Spain.
Hosp Mutua Terrassa, Ctr Salud Mental Infanto Juvenil, Barcelona, Spain.
Clin Univ Dexeus, Barcelona, Spain.
Univ Salamanca, Fac Educ, Dept Personalidad Evaluac & Tratamiento Psicol, E-37008 Salamanca, Spain.
Consejeria Educac Comunidad Autonoma Madrid, Equipo Especif Alterac Graves Desarrollo, Madrid, Spain.
Inst Neurocognit Incia & Clin Ntra Sra Pilar, Barcelona, Spain.
FESPAU, Asesor Med Asociaciones, PAUTA, JARES, Barcelona, Spain.
FESPAU, APNA, Barcelona, Spain.
Hop La Fe Valencia, Serv Neuropediat, Valencia, Spain.
Asociac Autismo Burgos, Burgos, Spain.
FEAPS, Dept Calidad, Madrid, Spain.
APNA, Serv Diagnost, Madrid, Spain.
Ctr Leo Kanner, Madrid, Spain.
RP Ferrari-Arroyo, MJ (reprint author), Inst Salud Carlos III, IIER, Unidad Sindrome Aceito Tox, Pabellon 11,Sinesio Delgado 6, E-28029 Madrid, Spain.
EM mferrari@isciii.es
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1999, PUBLICATION, V4215
NR 74
TC 10
Z9 16
PU REVISTA DE NEUROLOGIA
PI BARCELONA
PA C/O CESAR VIGUERA, EDITOR, APDO 94121, 08080 BARCELONA, SPAIN
SN 0210-0010
J9 REV NEUROLOGIA
JI Rev. Neurologia
PD OCT 1
PY 2006
VL 43
IS 7
BP 425
EP 438
PG 14
WC Clinical Neurology
SC Neurosciences & Neurology
GA 092ZD
UT WOS:000241135700008
PM 17006862
ER
PT J
AU Zaroff, CM
Barr, WB
Carlson, C
LaJoie, J
Madhavan, D
Miles, DK
Nass, R
Devinsky, O
AF Zaroff, Charles M.
Barr, William B.
Carlson, Chad
LaJoie, Josiane
Madhavan, Deepak
Miles, Daniel K.
Nass, Ruth
Devinsky, Orrin
TI Mental retardation and relation to seizure and tuber burden in tuberous
sclerosis complex
SO SEIZURE-EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF EPILEPSY
LA English
DT Article
DE tuberous sclerosis complex; tubers-epilepsy; mental retardation; autism;
infantile spasms; bilateral; neuropsychology
ID INFANTILE SPASMS; EPILEPSY; AUTISM; IMPAIRMENT; TSC1
AB In patients with tuberous sclerosis complex (TSC), the high rates of mental retardation are associated with cortical tubers, seizure activity, and genetic factors. The goat of the study was to investigate the relationship between bilateral cortical tubers and seizure variables and mental retardation in individuals with TSC. The records of 27 patients with TSC (age 6 months to 33 years) undergoing neuropsychological assessment and the following clinical variables were examined: bilateral versus non-bilateral cortical tubers, the age of seizure onset, and presence of infantile spasms. Results were statistically analyzed. Bilateral cortical tubers (p = 0.02) and early age of seizure onset (p = 0.04) were significantly related to impaired cognitive functioning. Only one of the seven patients with normal cognitive functioning had bilateral tubers, whereas 13/21 patients with intellectual impairment had bilateral tubers. Patients with normal cognitive functioning experienced a mean age of seizure onset after 6 years. A trend was observed between infantile spasms and cognitive functioning (p = 0.06); the lack of statistical significance likely reflects the small sample size. Neither age nor gender was related to cognitive status. Further investigation incorporating additional neuroimaging factors, antiepileptic treatment effects, and genetic variables, is needed. (C) 2006 British Epilepsy Association. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
C1 NYU, Med Ctr, New York, NY 10016 USA.
RP Zaroff, CM (reprint author), NYU, Med Ctr, 403 E 34th St,4th Floor, New York, NY 10016 USA.
EM chartes.zaroff@med.nyu.edu
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NR 24
TC 25
Z9 26
PU W B SAUNDERS CO LTD
PI LONDON
PA 32 JAMESTOWN RD, LONDON NW1 7BY, ENGLAND
SN 1059-1311
J9 SEIZURE-EUR J EPILEP
JI Seizure
PD OCT
PY 2006
VL 15
IS 7
BP 558
EP 562
DI 10.1016/j.seizure.2006.06.010
PG 5
WC Clinical Neurology; Neurosciences
SC Neurosciences & Neurology
GA 089FC
UT WOS:000240864700012
PM 16935530
ER
PT J
AU Iacoboni, M
AF Iacoboni, Marco
TI Failure to deactivate in autism: the co-constitution of self and other
SO TRENDS IN COGNITIVE SCIENCES
LA English
DT Review
ID BASE-LINE; FMRI; RECOGNITION; OTHERS
AB A new brain imaging study demonstrates that patients with autism have a strikingly different pattern of brain activity compared with control subjects. During cognitive tasks, cortical areas known as the 'default state' network - areas that have been implicated in both self-referential processing and processing of socially relevant information - typically reduce their brain activity. In patients with autism, such a reduction was not observed. This new finding indicates that a core deficit in autism might be related to the construal of a sense of self in its relationship with others and will certainly generate exciting new research on the neurobiology of autism.
C1 Univ Calif Los Angeles, David Geffen Sch Med, Brain Res Inst,Atmanson Lovelace Brain Mapping Ct, Dept Psychiat & Biobehav Sci,Neuropsychiat Inst, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA.
RP Iacoboni, M (reprint author), Univ Calif Los Angeles, David Geffen Sch Med, Brain Res Inst,Atmanson Lovelace Brain Mapping Ct, Dept Psychiat & Biobehav Sci,Neuropsychiat Inst, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA.
EM iacoboni@loni.ucla.edu
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NR 17
TC 40
Z9 40
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE LONDON
PI LONDON
PA 84 THEOBALDS RD, LONDON WC1X 8RR, ENGLAND
SN 1364-6613
J9 TRENDS COGN SCI
JI TRENDS COGN. SCI.
PD OCT
PY 2006
VL 10
IS 10
BP 431
EP 433
DI 10.1016/j.tics.2006.08.002
PG 3
WC Behavioral Sciences; Neurosciences; Psychology, Experimental
SC Behavioral Sciences; Neurosciences & Neurology; Psychology
GA 097XL
UT WOS:000241482900001
PM 16934520
ER
PT J
AU Striano, T
Reid, VM
AF Striano, Tricia
Reid, Vincent M.
TI Social cognition in the first year
SO TRENDS IN COGNITIVE SCIENCES
LA English
DT Review
ID EVENT-RELATED POTENTIALS; JOINT ATTENTION; BIOLOGICAL MOTION;
DEVELOPMENTAL-CHANGES; 4-MONTH-OLD INFANTS; INTENTIONAL ACTION; VOCAL
CUES; STILL-FACE; AUTISM; GAZE
AB Although the study of infancy has answered many important questions about the human capacity for social cognition, the relatively young field of developmental social cognition is far from reaching its adulthood. With the merging of developmental, behavioral and neuro-cognitive sciences, some growing pains are in store. New work demonstrates that research into early social cognitive development must integrate various research fields and methods in order to achieve a more robust understanding of the nature and parameters of human social cognition.
C1 Vanderbilt Univ, Dept Pediat, Nashville, TN 37203 USA.
Vanderbilt Univ, Kennedy Ctr Human Dev, Nashville, TN 37203 USA.
Univ Leipzig, Ctr Adv Studies, Neurocognit & Dev Grp, D-04109 Leipzig, Germany.
Max Planck Inst Human Cognit & Brain Sci, D-04103 Leipzig, Germany.
RP Striano, T (reprint author), Vanderbilt Univ, Dept Pediat, Nashville, TN 37203 USA.
EM striano@cbs.mpg.de
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NR 65
TC 45
Z9 49
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE LONDON
PI LONDON
PA 84 THEOBALDS RD, LONDON WC1X 8RR, ENGLAND
SN 1364-6613
J9 TRENDS COGN SCI
JI TRENDS COGN. SCI.
PD OCT
PY 2006
VL 10
IS 10
BP 471
EP 476
DI 10.1016/j.tics.2006.08.006
PG 6
WC Behavioral Sciences; Neurosciences; Psychology, Experimental
SC Behavioral Sciences; Neurosciences & Neurology; Psychology
GA 097XL
UT WOS:000241482900007
PM 16942896
ER
PT J
AU Fischer, C
Probst, P
AF Fischer, Christian
Probst, Paul
TI Obsessive-compulsive phenomena in Asperger's disorder and
high-functioning-autism
SO ZEITSCHRIFT FUR PSYCHIATRIE PSYCHOLOGIE UND PSYCHOTHERAPIE
LA German
DT Article
DE autistic disorders; obsessive-compulsive phenomena; Asperger's disorder;
high-functioning autism; special interests; obsessions; compulsions
ID REPETITIVE BEHAVIORS; CHILDHOOD AUTISM; CHILDREN; AMYGDALA; PARENTS;
SYMPTOMS; ANXIETY; ADOLESCENTS; HIPPOCAMPUS; VOLUMES
AB Although obsessive-compulsive, ritualistic and stereotyped behaviors are a core feature of autistic disorders, substantial data related to those phenomena are lacking. Ritualistic and stereotyped behavior can be found in almost all autistic patients. Additionally, cognitive able individuals with Asperger's disorder and high-functioning autism mostly develop circumscribed, often called << obsessional >> interests and preoccupations. Results from recent research indicate that autistic individuals frequently suffer from OCD-typical obsessions and compulsions associated with marked distress and interference with daily life. Results from recent research indicate phenomenological similarities between OCD and autism. Etiologic overlap between the disorders becomes especially evident when focussing cognitive, neurobiological and genetic aspects. Autism-related obsessive-compulsive phenomena have generally to be differentiated from OCD-symptoms, although there is no sharp borderline. Further research will be necessary to determine if obsessive-compulsive symptoms in autistic disorders should be regarded as an integral part of those disorders or if they are to be diagnosed as symptoms of a distinct condition which is comorbid obsessive-compulsive-disorder.
C1 Univ Hamburg, Fachbereich Psychol, D-20146 Hamburg, Germany.
RP Probst, P (reprint author), Univ Hamburg, Fachbereich Psychol, Melle Pk 5, D-20146 Hamburg, Germany.
EM probst@uni-hamburg.de
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NR 95
TC 2
Z9 2
PU VERLAG HANS HUBER
PI BERN 9
PA LANGGASS-STRASSE 76, CH-3000 BERN 9, SWITZERLAND
SN 1661-4747
J9 Z PSYCHIATR PSYCH PS
JI Z. Psychiatr. Psychol. Psychother.
PD OCT
PY 2006
VL 54
IS 4
BP 277
EP 292
DI 10.1024/1661-4747.54.4.277
PG 16
WC Psychology, Clinical
SC Psychology
GA 105SP
UT WOS:000242052900006
ER
PT J
AU Marjoram, D
Miller, P
McIntosh, AM
Owens, DGC
Johnstone, EC
Lawrie, S
AF Marjoram, Dominic
Miller, Patrick
McIntosh, Andrew M.
Owens, David G. Cunningham
Johnstone, Eve C.
Lawrie, Stephen
TI A neuropsychological investigation into 'Theory of Mind' and enhanced
risk of schizophrenia
SO PSYCHIATRY RESEARCH
LA English
DT Article
DE Theory of Mind; state; trait; schizophrenia liability; Edinburgh high
risk study
ID EDINBURGH HIGH-RISK; RELATIVES; SYMPTOMS; PEOPLE; METAANALYSIS; AUTISM;
MEMORY; ADULTS
AB Theory of Mind (ToM) is the ability to correctly determine the intentions and behaviours of others. it is known that this capability is compromised in individuals with schizophrenia. It is has not been fully elucidated whether this observed phenomenon is of a state or trait nature. This study investigated whether ToM impairments could be linked to schizophrenia liability. A battery of ToM tests (the Hinting Task, a Self-Monitoring drawing task and cartoon picture stories) were used to compare healthy controls (n = 13) with relatives of individuals with schizophrenia who had experienced psychotic symptoms (HR+, n = 12) and those relatives who had not (HR-, n = 13). All participants belonged to the Edinburgh High Risk Study. Significant group differences were seen on the Self-Monitoring and cartoon tasks for the HR+ group, particularly those who had experienced symptoms at or around the time of testing. The observed ToM deficits measured by this battery of ToM tasks appeared to be related to state effects rather than enhanced risk of schizophrenia. (c) 2006 Elsevier Ireland Ltd. All rights reserved.
C1 Univ Edinburgh, Sackler Suite Imaging Lab, Royal Edinburgh Hosp, Div Psychiat, Edinburgh EH10 5HF, Midlothian, Scotland.
RP Marjoram, D (reprint author), Univ Edinburgh, Sackler Suite Imaging Lab, Royal Edinburgh Hosp, Div Psychiat, Floor 7 Kennedy Tower,Morningside Pk, Edinburgh EH10 5HF, Midlothian, Scotland.
EM D.K.S.Marjoram@sms.ed.ac.uk
RI McIntosh, Andrew/B-9379-2008
OI McIntosh, Andrew/0000-0002-0198-4588
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NR 29
TC 36
Z9 36
PU ELSEVIER IRELAND LTD
PI CLARE
PA ELSEVIER HOUSE, BROOKVALE PLAZA, EAST PARK SHANNON, CO, CLARE, 00000,
IRELAND
SN 0165-1781
J9 PSYCHIAT RES
JI Psychiatry Res.
PD SEP 30
PY 2006
VL 144
IS 1
BP 29
EP 37
DI 10.1016/j.psychres.2006.01.008
PG 9
WC Psychiatry
SC Psychiatry
GA 093MD
UT WOS:000241171500003
PM 16904190
ER
PT J
AU Hallene, KL
Oby, E
Lee, BJ
Santaguida, S
Bassanini, S
Cipolla, M
Marchi, N
Hossain, M
Battaglia, G
Janigro, D
AF Hallene, K. L.
Oby, E.
Lee, B. J.
Santaguida, S.
Bassanini, S.
Cipolla, M.
Marchi, N.
Hossain, M.
Battaglia, G.
Janigro, D.
TI Prenatal exposure to thalidomide, altered vasculogenesis, and CNS
malformations
SO NEUROSCIENCE
LA English
DT Article
DE cortical dysplasia; angiogenesis; brain development; vasculogenesis;
blood-brain barrier; endothelium
ID BLOOD-BRAIN-BARRIER; CENTRAL-NERVOUS-SYSTEM; METHYLAZOXYMETHANOL
ACETATE; CEREBRAL HETEROTOPIA; CORTICAL DYSPLASIA; HIPPOCAMPAL SLICES;
WATER TRANSPORT; ANIMAL-MODELS; RADIAL GLIA; ANGIOGENESIS
AB Malformations of cortical development (MCD) result from abnormal neuronal positioning during corticogenesis. MCD are believed to be the morphological and perhaps physiological bases of several neurological diseases, spanning from mental retardation to autism and epilepsy. In view of the fact that during development, an appropriate blood supply is necessary to drive organogenesis in other organs, we hypothesized that vasculogenesis plays an important role in brain development and that E15 exposure in rats to the angiogenesis inhibitor thalidomide would cause postnatal MCD. Our results demonstrate that thalidomide inhibits angiogenesis in vitro at concentrations that result in significant morphological alterations in cortical and hippocampal regions of rats prenatally exposed to this vasculotoxin. Abnormal neuronal development was associated with vascular malformations and a leaky blood-brain barrier. Protein extravasation and uptake of fluorescent albumin by neurons, but not glia, was commonly associated with abnormal cortical development. Neuronal hyperexcitability was also a hallmark of these abnormal cortical regions. Our results suggest that prenatal vasculogenesis is required to support normal neuronal migration and maturation. Altering this process leads to failure of normal cerebrovascular development and may have a profound implication for CNS maturation. (c) 2006 IBRO. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
C1 Cleveland Clin Fdn, Dept Cerebrovasc Res, Cleveland, OH 44195 USA.
Cleveland Clin Fdn, Dept Mol Med, Cleveland, OH 44195 USA.
Cleveland Clin Fdn, Dept Neurosurg, Cleveland, OH 44195 USA.
Neurol Inst C Besta, Dept Expt Neurophysiol, Milan, Italy.
Univ Vermont, Coll Med, Dept Neurol, Burlington, VT USA.
RP Janigro, D (reprint author), Cleveland Clin Fdn, Dept Cerebrovasc Res, 9500 Euclid Ave,NB-20 LRI, Cleveland, OH 44195 USA.
EM janigrd@ccf.org
RI Cipolla, Marilyn/B-7098-2009; santaguida, stefano/G-2716-2010
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NR 57
TC 29
Z9 30
PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND
SN 0306-4522
J9 NEUROSCIENCE
JI Neuroscience
PD SEP 29
PY 2006
VL 142
IS 1
BP 267
EP 283
DI 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2006.06.017
PG 17
WC Neurosciences
SC Neurosciences & Neurology
GA 091AS
UT WOS:000240998500021
PM 16859833
ER
PT J
AU Pallapies, D
AF Pallapies, Dirk
TI Trends in childhood disease
SO MUTATION RESEARCH-GENETIC TOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL MUTAGENESIS
LA English
DT Article; Proceedings Paper
CT 35th Annual Meeting of the European-Environmental-Mutagen-Society
CY JUL 03-07, 2005
CL Kos Isl, GREECE
DE children's health; trend assessment; childhood cancer; respiratory
disease; developmental disease; chemical exposure
ID RISK-FACTORS; ABERDEEN SCHOOLCHILDREN; RESPIRATORY SYMPTOMS; CANCER
INCIDENCE; UNITED-STATES; CHILDREN; ASTHMA; PREVALENCE; CRYPTORCHIDISM;
HYPOSPADIAS
AB Child mortality has declined remarkably during the last decades. While neonatal disorders, diarrhoea, pneumonia, and malaria as well as being underweight account for most of the child deaths worldwide, children's health discussions in Europe and the USA focus on other issues such as asthma, neurodevelopmental disorders, male genital malformations, and childhood cancer.
There is clear evidence of increasing rates of asthma in various countries during the last decades, although rates in some countries may now have stabilised or even decline as recent UK data indicate.
Although an increase in the frequency of neurodevelopmental disorders such as autism and attention deficit disorder has frequently been discussed, the limited data in this field does not justify such a conclusion.
While geographic heterogeneity regarding reproductive outcomes is apparent, global trends have not been identified. Interpretation of the available information on asthma, neurodevelopmental disorders and reproductive outcomes is hampered by inconstant diagnostic criteria over place and time and the lack of good and comprehensive population-based surveillance data, which makes it impossible to ascertain trends in actual disease frequency.
Data indicate that developed countries have a gradually increasing incidence in leukaemia with a corresponding drop in the incidence of lymphoma. Increases in brain tumour frequency may be related to the development and wide application of new diagnostic capabilities, rather than a true change in the incidence of malignant disease. With a better prognosis for childhood cancer survival, secondary cancers following chemotherapy appear to be increasing.
A wide range of environmental factors is thought to have an impact on children's health. These factors include nutrition (protein, vitamins, antioxidants), lifestyle and behaviour choices such as tobacco and alcohol use, parental health, socio-economic status, choice of living environment (urban versus rural, etc.),and parent-sibling behaviour. From the available data, no general conclusions on the contribution of specific chemicals can be drawn. (c) 2006 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
C1 BASF AG, GOA, D-67056 Ludwigshafen, Germany.
RP Pallapies, D (reprint author), BASF AG, GOA, CP-H308,Carl Bosch Str 38, D-67056 Ludwigshafen, Germany.
EM dirk.pallapies@basf.com
CR ALTSHULER K, 2003, OCHP PAPER SERIES CH
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Woodruff TJ, 2004, PEDIATRICS, V113, P1133
NR 53
TC 11
Z9 15
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 1383-5718
J9 MUTAT RES-GEN TOX EN
JI Mutat. Res. Genet. Toxicol. Environ. Mutagen.
PD SEP 28
PY 2006
VL 608
IS 2
SI SI
BP 100
EP 111
DI 10.1016/j.mrgentox.2006.03.007
PG 12
WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Genetics & Heredity; Toxicology
SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Genetics & Heredity; Toxicology
GA 088TY
UT WOS:000240835200002
PM 16854614
ER
PT J
AU Kuwabara, H
Kasai, K
Takizawa, R
Kawakubo, Y
Yamasue, H
Rogers, MA
Ishijima, M
Watanabe, K
Kato, N
AF Kuwabara, Hitoshi
Kasai, Kiyoto
Takizawa, Ryu
Kawakubo, Yuki
Yamasue, Hidenori
Rogers, Mark A.
Ishijima, Michiko
Watanabe, Keiichiro
Kato, Nobumasa
TI Decreased prefrontal activation during letter fluency task in adults
with pervasive developmental disorders: A near-infrared spectroscopy
study
SO BEHAVIOURAL BRAIN RESEARCH
LA English
DT Article
DE pervasive developmental disorders (PDD); near-infrared spectroscopy
(NIRS); letter fluency task; prefrontal cortex
ID AUTISM RATING-SCALE; CHILDHOOD AUTISM; HEMODYNAMIC-RESPONSE;
WORKING-MEMORY; BRAIN; PERFORMANCE; CHILDREN; FMRI; CORTEX; CARS
AB Functional neuroimaging studies have suggested that dysfunction of prefrontal cortex (PFC) is present in persons with pervasive developmental disorders (PDD). Recently, the development of near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) has enabled noninvasive bedside measurement of regional cerebral blood volume. Although NIRS enables the noninvasive clarification of brain functions in many psychiatric disorders, it has not yet been used to examine subjects with PDD. The aim of our study was to conduct an NIRS cognitive activation study to verify PFC dysfunction in PDD. The subjects were 10 adults with PDD and 10 age- and gender-matched healthy subjects. Hemoglobin concentration changes were measured with a 24-channel NIRS machine during the letter fluency task. While the number of words generated during the letter fluency task did not differ significantly between groups, the analysis of covariance including IQ as a confounding covariate showed that the PDD group was associated with bilateral reduction in oxy-hemoglobin concentration change as compared with the control group. The statistical results did not change when only IQ-matched high-functioning subjects (N=7) were included. Moreover, reduced oxy-hemoglobin concentration change for the right PFC was significantly correlated with verbal communication deficits within the PDD group. The present findings are consistent with proposed prefrontal dysfunction in PDD subjects identified by other neuroimaging modalities. The present results may be also potentially useful for applying NIRS to clinical settings,of child psychiatry. (c) 2006 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
C1 Univ Tokyo, Grad Sch Med, Dept Neuropsychiat, Bunkyo Ku, Tokyo 1138655, Japan.
Tokyo Metropolitan Umegaoka Hosp, Dept Psychiat, Tokyo, Japan.
RP Kuwabara, H (reprint author), Univ Tokyo, Grad Sch Med, Dept Neuropsychiat, Bunkyo Ku, 7-3-1 Hongo, Tokyo 1138655, Japan.
EM kuwabara@roy.hi-ho.ne.jp
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NR 32
TC 35
Z9 37
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0166-4328
J9 BEHAV BRAIN RES
JI Behav. Brain Res.
PD SEP 25
PY 2006
VL 172
IS 2
BP 272
EP 277
DI 10.1016/j.bbr.2006.05.020
PG 6
WC Behavioral Sciences; Neurosciences
SC Behavioral Sciences; Neurosciences & Neurology
GA 080IO
UT WOS:000240241300012
PM 16806521
ER
PT J
AU Branchi, I
Alleva, E
AF Branchi, Igor
Alleva, Enrico
TI Communal nesting, an early social enrichment, increases the adult
anxiety-like response and shapes the role of social context in
modulating the emotional behavior
SO BEHAVIOURAL BRAIN RESEARCH
LA English
DT Article
DE communal nesting; social context; anxiety-like behavior; early
experiences; plus-maze; openfield
ID NEONATAL MATERNAL SEPARATION; ELEVATED PLUS-MAZE; LONG-EVANS RATS;
CORTICOSTERONE RESPONSE; INDIVIDUAL-DIFFERENCES; LABORATORY MICE;
RHESUS-MONKEYS; MUS-MUSCULUS; STRESS; BRAIN
AB Early experiences affect brain function and behavior at adulthood. Being reared in a communal nest (CN), consisting in a single nest where three mothers keep their pups together and share care-giving behavior from birth to weaning (postnatal day 25), provides a highly stimulating social environment to the developing pup. CN characterizes the natural ecological niche of many rodent species including the mouse. Here we show that, at adulthood, compared to mice reared in standard laboratory conditions (SN), CN reared mice displayed increased anxiety-like behavior, performing more thigmotaxis in the open field and spending less time in the open arms of the plus-maze. Furthermore, we showed that social context (being alone or with a familiar conspecific in the test apparatus) affects the emotional response in both the plus-maze and open field test and that the relevance of social context changes according to the early social experiences. In particular, CN mice display higher levels of anxiety-like behavior, compared to SN mice, only when alone but not in the presence of a familiar conspecific. Overall, in line with previous findings, the present study suggests that CN mice have a more elaborate social and emotional behavior compared to SN mice and thus may be more appropriate to investigate socio-emotional impairments, in particular in the case of mouse models of neurodevelopmental disorders, such as autism, or anxiety and mood disorders. (c) 2006 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
C1 Ist Super Sanita, Sect Behav Neurosci, Dept Cell Biol & Neurosci, I-00161 Rome, Italy.
RP Branchi, I (reprint author), Ist Super Sanita, Sect Behav Neurosci, Dept Cell Biol & Neurosci, Viale Regina Elena 299, I-00161 Rome, Italy.
EM branchi@iss.it
RI Alleva, Enrico/B-1630-2013
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NR 72
TC 35
Z9 35
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0166-4328
J9 BEHAV BRAIN RES
JI Behav. Brain Res.
PD SEP 25
PY 2006
VL 172
IS 2
BP 299
EP 306
DI 10.1016/j.bbr.2006.05.019
PG 8
WC Behavioral Sciences; Neurosciences
SC Behavioral Sciences; Neurosciences & Neurology
GA 080IO
UT WOS:000240241300016
PM 16806520
ER
PT J
AU Varoqueaux, F
Aramuni, G
Rawson, RL
Mohrmann, R
Missler, M
Gottmann, K
Zhang, WQ
Sudhof, TC
Brose, N
AF Varoqueaux, Frederique
Aramuni, Gayane
Rawson, Randi L.
Mohrmann, Ralf
Missler, Markus
Gottmann, Kurt
Zhang, Weiqi
Suedhof, Thomas C.
Brose, Nils
TI Neuroligins determine synapse maturation and function
SO NEURON
LA English
DT Article
ID ALPHA-NEUREXINS; EXCITATORY SYNAPSES; INHIBITORY SYNAPSES;
BETA-NEUREXINS; CA2+ CHANNELS; AUTISM; PSD-95; BINDING; PROTEIN;
RECEPTORS
AB Synaptogenesis, the generation and maturation of functional synapses between nerve cells, is an essential step in the development of neuronal networks in the brain. It is thought to be triggered by members of the neuroligin family of postsynaptic cell adhesion proteins, which may form transsynaptic contacts with presynaptic alpha- and beta-neurexins and have been implicated in the etiology of autism. We show that deletion mutant mice lacking neuroligin expression die shortly after birth due to respiratory failure. This respiratory failure is a consequence of reduced GABAergic/glycinergic and glutamatergic synaptic transmission and network activity in brainstem centers that control respiration. However, the density of synaptic contacts is not altered in neuroligin-deficient brains and cultured neurons. Our data show that neuroligins are required for proper synapse maturation and brain function, but not for the initial formation of synaptic contacts.
C1 Max Planck Inst Expt Med, Dept Mol Neurobiol, D-37075 Gottingen, Germany.
Max Planck Inst Expt Med, Ctr Mol Physiol Brain, D-37075 Gottingen, Germany.
Univ Gottingen, Ctr Physiol & Pathophysiol, D-37073 Gottingen, Germany.
Univ Gottingen, Ctr Mol Physiol Brain, D-37073 Gottingen, Germany.
Ruhr Univ Bochum, Dept Cell Physiol ND4, D-44780 Bochum, Germany.
Max Planck Inst Biophys Chem, Dept Membrane Biophys, D-37077 Gottingen, Germany.
Univ Texas, SW Med Ctr, Howard Hughes Med Inst, Ctr Basic Neurosci,Dept Mol Genet, Dallas, TX 75390 USA.
Univ Magdeburg, Dept Genet & Mol Neurobiol, D-39106 Magdeburg, Germany.
Univ Dusseldorf, Inst Neurophysiol & Sensory Physiol, D-40225 Dusseldorf, Germany.
RP Sudhof, TC (reprint author), Max Planck Inst Expt Med, Dept Mol Neurobiol, D-37075 Gottingen, Germany.
EM thomas.sudhof@utsouthwestern.edu; brose@em.mpg.de
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NR 50
TC 333
Z9 348
PU CELL PRESS
PI CAMBRIDGE
PA 1100 MASSACHUSETTS AVE, CAMBRIDGE, MA 02138 USA
SN 0896-6273
J9 NEURON
JI Neuron
PD SEP 21
PY 2006
VL 51
IS 6
BP 741
EP 754
DI 10.1016/j.neuron.2006.09.003
PG 14
WC Neurosciences
SC Neurosciences & Neurology
GA 091AM
UT WOS:000240997900013
PM 16982420
ER
PT J
AU Stalker, HJ
Gray, BA
Bent-Williams, A
Zori, RT
AF Stalker, Heather J.
Gray, B. A.
Bent-Williams, A.
Zori, R. T.
TI High cognitive functioning and behavioral phenotype in Pallister-Killian
syndrome
SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF MEDICAL GENETICS PART A
LA English
DT Article
DE Pallister-Killian; isochromosome 12p; normal development; autism
spectrum disorder
ID BUCCAL MUCOSA; TETRASOMY 12P; HYBRIDIZATION
AB Pallister-Killian syndrome (PKS) is a rare syndrome of multiple congenital anomalies attributable to the presence of a mosaic supernumerary isochromosome 12p. The syndrome presents with a recognizable pattern of findings including: pigmentary skin changes, characteristic facial features (sparse anterior scalp hair, flattened midface, macrostomia, and coarsening of the facial features), and developmental delay. The developmental phenotype of PKS is quite variable, but most are considered to fall into the profound range of developmental retardation. We report on an individual with classical features of PKS with development significantly better than that reported in the literature. Developmental and behavioral testing in this individual alters the range of developmental expectation in PKS, and highlights the need for consideration of chromosomal analysis in individuals with normal or near-normal intelligence if other physical phenotypic features of PKS are present. (c) 2006 Wiley-Liss, Inc.
C1 Univ Florida, Div Pediat Genet, Gainesville, FL USA.
Univ Florida, Raymond C Philips Unit, Gainesville, FL USA.
Univ Florida, Craniofacial Ctr, Gainesville, FL USA.
RP Stalker, HJ (reprint author), Box 100296, Gainesville, FL 32610 USA.
EM stalkhj@peds.ufl.edu
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NR 7
TC 10
Z9 11
PU WILEY-LISS
PI HOBOKEN
PA DIV JOHN WILEY & SONS INC, 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN, NJ 07030 USA
SN 1552-4825
J9 AM J MED GENET A
JI Am. J. Med. Genet. A
PD SEP 15
PY 2006
VL 140A
IS 18
BP 1950
EP 1954
DI 10.1002/ajmg.a.31403
PG 5
WC Genetics & Heredity
SC Genetics & Heredity
GA 082MV
UT WOS:000240391800010
PM 16906561
ER
PT J
AU Boccone, L
Dessi, V
Zappu, A
Piga, S
Piludu, MB
Rais, M
Massidda, C
De Virgiliis, S
Cao, A
Loudianos, G
AF Boccone, Loredana
Dessi, Valentina
Zappu, Antonietta
Piga, Silvia
Piludu, Maria Bonaria
Rais, Marco
Massidda, Carlo
De Virgiliis, Stefano
Cao, Antonio
Loudianos, Georgios
TI Bannayan-Riley-Ruvalcaba syndrome with reactive nodular lymphoid
hyperplasia and autism and a PTEN mutation
SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF MEDICAL GENETICS PART A
LA English
DT Letter
ID HAMARTOMA-TUMOR-SYNDROME; SYNDROME PLEASE STAND; COWDEN-SYNDROME;
SOTOS-SYNDROME; SPECTRUM; INDIVIDUALS; POLYPOSIS; PATHOLOGY; SUBSET;
ENTITY
C1 Osped Reg Microcitemie, I-09121 Cagliari, Italy.
CNR, Ist Neurogenet & Neurofarmacol, Cagliari, Italy.
Osped Businco, UO Anat Patol, Cagliari, Italy.
Osped Businco, Cagliari, Italy.
RP Boccone, L (reprint author), Osped Reg Microcitemie, ASL 8,Via Jenner S-N, I-09121 Cagliari, Italy.
EM lboccone@mcweb.unica.it; gloudian@mcweb.unica.it
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NR 23
TC 20
Z9 21
PU WILEY-LISS
PI HOBOKEN
PA DIV JOHN WILEY & SONS INC, 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN, NJ 07030 USA
SN 1552-4825
J9 AM J MED GENET A
JI Am. J. Med. Genet. A
PD SEP 15
PY 2006
VL 140A
IS 18
BP 1965
EP 1969
DI 10.1002/ajmg.a.31396
PG 5
WC Genetics & Heredity
SC Genetics & Heredity
GA 082MV
UT WOS:000240391800013
PM 16894538
ER
PT J
AU Reiter, LT
Seagroves, TN
Bowers, M
Bier, E
AF Reiter, Lawrence T.
Seagroves, Tiffany N.
Bowers, Megan
Bier, Ethan
TI Expression of the Rho-GEF Pbl/ECT2 is regulated by the UBE3A E3
ubiquitin ligase
SO HUMAN MOLECULAR GENETICS
LA English
DT Article
ID ANGELMAN-SYNDROME GENE; PROTEIN LIGASE; EXCHANGE FACTOR; NERVOUS-SYSTEM;
GUIDANCE CUES; AXON GUIDANCE; FAT FACETS; AUTISM; DROSOPHILA; E6-AP
AB We applied genetic tools available in Drosophila to identify candidate substrates of the UBE3A ubiquitin ligase, the gene responsible for Angelman syndrome (AS). Human UBE3A was expressed in Drosophila heads to identify proteins differentially regulated in UBE3A-expressing versus wild-type extracts. Using two-dimensional gel and MALDI-TOF analysis, we detected 20 proteins that were differentially regulated by over-expression of human UBE3A in Drosophila heads. One protein responsive to UBE3A was the Rho-GEF pebble (pbl). Here, we present three lines of evidence suggesting that UBE3A regulates Pbl. First, we show genetic evidence that UBE3A and the Drosophila de-ubiquitinase fat facets (faf) exert opposing effects on Pbl function. Secondly, we find that both Pbl and ECT2, the mammalian orthologue of Pbl called epithelial cell transforming sequence 2 oncogene, physically interact with their respective ubiquitin E3 ligases. Finally, we show that Ect2 expression is regulated by Ube3a in mouse neurons as the pattern of Ect2 expression is dramatically altered in the hippocampus and cerebellum of Ube3a null mice. These results suggest that an orthologous UBE3A post-translational regulatory pathway regulates neuronal outgrowth in the mammalian brain and that dysregulation of this pathway may result in neurological phenotypes including AS and possibly other autism spectrum disorders.
C1 Univ Calif San Diego, Sect Cell & Dev Biol, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA.
Univ Tennessee, Ctr Hlth Sci, Dept Pathol, Memphis, TN 38163 USA.
Univ Tennessee, Ctr Hlth Sci, Dept Neurol, Memphis, TN 38163 USA.
RP Bier, E (reprint author), Univ Calif San Diego, Sect Cell & Dev Biol, 9500 Gilman Dr,Bonner Hall,Room 4221, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA.
EM ebier@ucsd.edu
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NR 44
TC 41
Z9 41
PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS
PI OXFORD
PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND
SN 0964-6906
J9 HUM MOL GENET
JI Hum. Mol. Genet.
PD SEP 15
PY 2006
VL 15
IS 18
BP 2825
EP 2835
DI 10.1093/hmg/ddl225
PG 11
WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Genetics & Heredity
SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Genetics & Heredity
GA 085FZ
UT WOS:000240590400017
PM 16905559
ER
PT J
AU Di Bella, MA
Cali, F
Seidita, G
Mirisola, M
Ragusa, A
Ragalmuto, A
Galesi, O
Elia, M
Greco, D
Zingale, M
Gambino, G
D'Anna, RP
Regan, R
Carbone, MC
Gallo, A
Romano, V
AF Di Bella, Maria Antonietta
Cali, Francesco
Seidita, Gregorio
Mirisola, Mario
Ragusa, Angela
Ragalmuto, Alda
Galesi, Ornella
Elia, Maurizio
Greco, Donatella
Zingale, Marinella
Gambino, Giovanna
D'Anna, Rosalba P.
Regan, Regina
Carbone, Maria Carmela
Gallo, Alessia
Romano, Valentino
TI Screening of subtelomeric rearrangements in autistic disorder:
Identification of a partial trisomy of 13q34 in a patient bearing a
13q;21p translocation
SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF MEDICAL GENETICS PART B-NEUROPSYCHIATRIC GENETICS
LA English
DT Article
DE autism; frontal bossing; gene dosage
ID PERVASIVE DEVELOPMENTAL DISORDERS; IN-SITU HYBRIDIZATION;
CHROMOSOMAL-ABNORMALITIES; COMPLEX; INDIVIDUALS; CHILDREN; GENE;
DELETIONS; SPECTRUM; CLASSIFICATION
AB Within the framework of a FISH screening protocol to detect cryptic subtelomeric rearrangements in autistic disorder (AD), a patient bearing three copies of the subtelomeric portion of the q arm of chromosome 13 has been identified. Beside AD, the patient also has severe mental retardation and displays several dysmorphic features. Further FISH analyses revealed that the trisomy was caused by the translocation. of a 13q subtelomeric fragment to the acrocentric tip of one chromosome 21 [46,X-Y.ish der(21) t(13;21) (q34;p13) (D13S1825+)]. Gene dosage experiments carried out with three multiallelic polymorphisms of the subtelomeric region of chromosome 13q showed that the putative length of the triplicate region does not exceed 300 kb about, that is, the distance from telomere to the first normally inherited marker. In addition, gene dosage analysis performed on the derivative chromosome 21, did not reveal loss of the most telomerie protein-encoding genes on 21p. The potential relationship between a postulated increased expression of genes on 13q34 and the complex phenotype in this trisomic patient is discussed. (c) 2006 Wiley-Liss, Inc.
C1 Univ Palermo, Dipartimento Biopatol & Metodol Biomed, I-90133 Palermo, Italy.
Univ Palermo, Ctr Interdipartimentale Ricerca Clin & Sperimenta, I-90133 Palermo, Italy.
IRCCS, Assoc OASI Maria SS, Troina, EN, Italy.
Osped Vittorio Emanuele, Lab Genet Umana, Catania, Italy.
PO Aiuto Materno, Palermo, Italy.
Wellcome Trust Res Labs, Ctr Human Genet, Oxford, England.
RP Romano, V (reprint author), Univ Palermo, Dipartimento Biopatol & Metodol Biomed, Via Divisi 83, I-90133 Palermo, Italy.
EM vromano@unipa.it
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NR 46
TC 12
Z9 12
PU WILEY-LISS
PI HOBOKEN
PA DIV JOHN WILEY & SONS INC, 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN, NJ 07030 USA
SN 1552-4841
J9 AM J MED GENET B
JI Am. J. Med. Genet. B
PD SEP 5
PY 2006
VL 141B
IS 6
BP 584
EP 590
DI 10.1002/ajmg.b.30328
PG 7
WC Genetics & Heredity; Psychiatry
SC Genetics & Heredity; Psychiatry
GA 077RZ
UT WOS:000240049100005
PM 16823807
ER
PT J
AU Spence, SJ
Cantor, RM
Chung, L
Kim, S
Geschwind, DH
Alarcon, M
AF Spence, Sarah J.
Cantor, Rita M.
Chung, Lien
Kim, Sharon
Geschwind, Daniel H.
Alarcon, Maricela
TI Stratification based on language-related endophenotypes in autism:
Attempt to replicate reported linkage
SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF MEDICAL GENETICS PART B-NEUROPSYCHIATRIC GENETICS
LA English
DT Article
DE autism; linkage; endophenotypes; language; AGRE
ID GENOMEWIDE SCREEN; GENOMIC SCREEN; CHROMOSOME 7Q; SUSCEPTIBILITY LOCUS;
DISORDER; FAMILIES; SPECTRUM; GENE; ASSOCIATION; SUPPORT
AB The identification of autism susceptibility genes has been hampered by phenotypic heterogeneity of autism, among other factors. However, the use of endophenotypes has shown preliminary success in reducing heterogeneity and identifying potential autism-related susceptibility regions. To further explore the utility of using language-related endophenotypes, we performed linkage analysis on multiplex autism families stratified according to delayed expressive speech and also assessed the extent to which parental phenotype information would aid in identifying regions of linkage. A whole genome scan using a multipoint non-parametric linkage approach was performed in 133 families, stratifying the sample by phrase speech delay and word delay (WD). None of the regions reached suggested genome-wide or replication significance thresholds. However, several loci on chromosomes 1, 2,4,6,7,8,9,10,12,15, and 19 yielded nominally higher linkage signals in the delayed groups. The results did not support reported linkage findings for loci on chromosomes 7 or 13 that were a result of stratification based on the language delay endophenotype. In addition, inclusion of information on parental history of language delay did not appreciably affect the linkage results. The nominal increase in NPL scores across several regions using language delay endophenotypes for stratification suggests that this strategy may be useful in attenuating heterogeneity. However, the inconsistencies in regions identified across studies highlight the importance of increasing sample sizes to provide adequate power dent samples. to test replications in independent (c) 2006 Wiley-Liss, Inc.
C1 Univ Calif Los Angeles, Dept Psychiat & Biobehav Sci, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA.
Univ Calif Los Angeles, Dept Pediat, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA.
Univ Calif Los Angeles, Program Neurogenet, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA.
Univ Calif Los Angeles, Dept Human Genet, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA.
Univ Calif Los Angeles, Reed Neurol Res Ctr, Dept Neurol, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA.
Univ Calif Los Angeles, Ctr Autism Res & Treatment, Semel Inst Neurosci & Human Behav, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA.
RP Geschwind, DH (reprint author), Univ Calif Los Angeles, Reed Neurol Res Ctr, Dept Neurol, 710 Westwood Plaza, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA.
EM dhg@ucla.edu; malarcon@ucla.edu
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NR 49
TC 32
Z9 32
PU WILEY-LISS
PI HOBOKEN
PA DIV JOHN WILEY & SONS INC, 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN, NJ 07030 USA
SN 1552-4841
J9 AM J MED GENET B
JI Am. J. Med. Genet. B
PD SEP 5
PY 2006
VL 141B
IS 6
BP 591
EP 598
DI 10.1002/ajmg.b.30329
PG 8
WC Genetics & Heredity; Psychiatry
SC Genetics & Heredity; Psychiatry
GA 077RZ
UT WOS:000240049100006
PM 16752361
ER
PT J
AU Zandi, PP
Kalaydjian, A
Avramopoulos, D
Shao, HB
Fallin, MD
Newschaffer, CJ
AF Zandi, Peter P.
Kalaydjian, Amanda
Avramopoulos, Dimitrios
Shao, Huibo
Fallin, M. Daniele
Newschaffer, Craig J.
TI Rh and ABO maternal-fetal incompatibility and risk of autism
SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF MEDICAL GENETICS PART B-NEUROPSYCHIATRIC GENETICS
LA English
DT Article
DE autism; immune incompatibility; antibodies; log-linear model; genotype
ID UNITED-STATES; ANTI-D; DISEASE
AB We hypothesized that maternal-fetal incompatibility at the Rh or ABO loci may contribute to the risk of autism. There are biologically plausible reasons to believe such effects may play a role, and two previous epidemiologic studies have provided suggestive evidence. To further test this hypothesis, we genotyped the Rh and ABO loci in a sample of 389 independent case-parent trios from the AGRE repository and analyzed the data using a modification of the log-linear model for case-parent trios in which the effects of maternal-fetal genotype incompatibility are modeled jointly with the effects of the affected child's or mother's genotypes. We did not find any evidence that incompatibility at the Rh or ABO loci increases the risk of autism. Furthermore, we did not find any evidence for the presence of a high-risk susceptibility allele at or near these two loci operating either through the mother or child. (c) 2006 Wiley-Liss, Inc.
C1 Johns Hopkins Univ, Bloomberg Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Mental Hlth, Baltimore, MD 21205 USA.
Johns Hopkins Univ, Sch Med, Dept Psychiat, Baltimore, MD 21205 USA.
Johns Hopkins Univ, Bloomberg Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Epidemiol, Baltimore, MD 21205 USA.
RP Zandi, PP (reprint author), Johns Hopkins Univ, Bloomberg Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Mental Hlth, Hampton House,Room 857,624 N Broadway, Baltimore, MD 21205 USA.
EM pzandi@jhsph.edu
RI Avramopoulos, Dimitrios/J-4392-2012
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NR 19
TC 8
Z9 8
PU WILEY-LISS
PI HOBOKEN
PA DIV JOHN WILEY & SONS INC, 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN, NJ 07030 USA
SN 1552-4841
J9 AM J MED GENET B
JI Am. J. Med. Genet. B
PD SEP 5
PY 2006
VL 141B
IS 6
BP 643
EP 647
DI 10.1002/ajmg.b.30391
PG 5
WC Genetics & Heredity; Psychiatry
SC Genetics & Heredity; Psychiatry
GA 077RZ
UT WOS:000240049100013
PM 16856119
ER
EF